Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1 . ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Organization and Business Description Bimini Capital Management, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Bimini Capital” or the “Company” ), was formed in September 2003 for the purpose of creating and managing a leveraged investment portfolio consisting of residential mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). In addition, the Company manages an MBS p ortfolio for Orchid Island Capital, Inc. (“Orchid”) and receives fees for providing these services. Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bimini Capital, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Bimini Advisors Holdings, LLC (formerly known as Bimini Advisors, Inc.) and Royal Palm Capital, LLC (formerly known as MortCo TRS, LLC). Bimini Advisors Holdings, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bimini Advisors, LLC are collectively referred to as "Bimini Advisors. " Royal Palm Capital, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as "Royal Palm." All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements. Financial Accounting Standards Board ( the "FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidation, requires the consolidation of a variable interest entity ("VIE") by an enterprise if it is deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIE. Bimini Capital has a common share investme nt in a trust used in connection with the issuance of Bimini Capital's junior subordinated notes. See Note 8 for a description of the accounting used for this VIE. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not incl ude all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operatin g results fo r the six and three month periods ended June 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year end ing December 31, 2017 . The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from the aud ited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s A nnual R eport on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 . Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of a ssets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates affecting the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the fair values of MBS, investment in Orchid common shares, derivatives, retained interests, asset valuation allowances and deferred tax asset allowances recorded for each accou nting period. Statement of Comprehensive Income In accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income , a statement of comprehensive income has not been included as the Company has no items of other comprehensive income (loss) . Comprehensive income is the same as net income for all periods presented. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on deposit with financial institutions and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. Restricted cash includes cash pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and derivative instruments. (in thousands) June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Cash and cash equivalents $ 6,398,651 $ 4,429,459 Restricted cash 588,620 1,221,978 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 6,987,271 $ 5,651,437 The Company maintains cash balances at several banks, and at times, these balances may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses related to these balances. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures eligible accounts up to $250,000 per depositor at each financial institution. At June 30, 2017 , the Company’s cash deposits exceeded federally insured limits by approximately $4.6 million. Restricted cash balances are uninsured, but are held in sep arate customer accounts that are segregated from the general funds of the counterparty. The Company limits uninsured balances to only large, well-known bank s and derivative counterparties and believes that it is not exposed to significant credit risk on c ash and cash equivalents or restricted cash balances. Mortgage-Backed Securities The Company invests primarily in mortgage pass-through (“PT”) certificates, collateralized mor tgage obligations, and interest- only (“IO”) securities and inverse interest- onl y (“IIO”) securities representing interest in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage-backed loans. The Company has elected to account for its investment in MBS under the fair value option. Electing the fair value option requires the Company to record changes in fair value in the consolidated statement of operations, which, in management’s view, more appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a particular reporting period and is consistent with the underlying economi cs and how the portfolio is managed. The Company records MBS transactions on the trade date. Security purchases that have not settled as of the balance sheet date are included in the MBS balance with an offsetting liability recorded, whereas securit ies s old that have not settled as of the balance sheet date are removed from the MBS balance with an offsetting receivable recorded. The fair value of the Company’s investment in MBS is governed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement . The definition of fair value in ASC Topic 820 focuses on the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability either occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, occurs in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Estimated fair values for MBS are base d on independent pricing sources and/or third-party broker quotes, when available. Income on PT MBS is based on the stated interest rate of the security. Premiums or discounts present at the date of purchase are not amortized. Premium lost and discount accretion resulting from monthly principal repayments are reflected in unrealize d gains on MBS in the c ons olidated statements of operations. For IO securities, the income is accrued based on the carrying value and the effective yield. The difference betwe en income accrued and the interest received on the security is characterized as a return of investment and serves to reduce the asset’s carrying value. At each reporting date, the effective yield is adjusted prospectively from the reporting period based on the new estimate of prepayments and the contractual terms of the security. For IIO securities, effective yield and income recognition calculations also take into account the index value applicable to the security. Changes in fair value of MBS during eac h reporting period are recorded in earnings and reported as unrealized gains or losses on mortgage-backed securities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The amount reported as unrealized gains or losses on mortgage backed securities thus captures the net effect of changes in the fair market value of securities caused by market developments and any premium or discount lost as a result of principal repayments during the period. Orchid Island Capital, Inc. Common Stock The Company has elected the fair value option for its investment in Orchid common shares. The change in the fair value of this investment and dividends received on this investment are reflected in other income in the consolidated statements of operations. We estimate th e fair value of our investment in Orchid on a market approach using “Level 1” inputs based on the quoted market price of Orchid’s common stock on a national stock exchange. Electing the fair value option requires the Company to record changes in fair value in the consolidated statement s of operations, which, in management’s view, mo re appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a particular reporting period and is consistent with how the investment is managed. Advisory Services Orchid is externally managed and advised by Bimini Advisors pursuant to the terms of a management agreement. Under the terms of the management agreement , Orchid is obligated to pay Bimini Advisors a monthly management fee and a pro rata portion of certain overhead costs and to reimburse the Company for any direct expenses incurred on its behalf. Retained Interests in Securitizations Retained interests in the subordinated tranches of securities created in securitization transactions were initially recorded at their fair value when issued by Royal Palm. Subsequent adjustments to fair value are reflected in earnings. Quoted market prices for these assets are generally not available, so the Company estimates fair value based on the present value of expected future cash flows using management’s best estimates of key assumptions, which include expected credit losses, prepayment speeds, weighted-average life, and discount rates commensurate with the inherent risks of the asset. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company uses derivative instruments to manage interest rate risk, facilitate asset/liability strategies and manage other exposures, and it may continue to do so in the future. The principal instruments that the Company has used to date are Treasury Note (“ T-Note”) and Eurodollar futures contracts, but the Company may enter into other transactions in the future. The Company has elected not to treat any of its derivative financial instruments as hedges in order to align the accounting treatment of its deri vative instruments with the treatment of its portfolio assets under the fair value option. FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging , requires that all derivative instruments be carried at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded in earnings for each period. Holding derivatives creates exposure to credit risk related to the potential for failure on the part of counterparties to honor their commitments. In addition, the Company may be required to post collateral based on any declines in the marke t value of the derivatives. In the event of default by a counterparty, the Company may have difficulty recovering its collateral and may not receive payments provided for under the terms of the agreement. To mitigate this risk, the Company uses only well -established commercial banks as counterparties. Financial Instruments ASC Topic 825 , Financial Instruments , requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value, either in the body of the financial statements or in the accompanying notes. MBS, Orchid common stock, Eurodollar futures contracts, interest rate swaptions and retained interests in securitization transactions are accounted for at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value for these instruments are presented in Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements. The estimated fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accrued interest receivable, other asse ts, repurchase agreements, accrued interest payable and other liabilities generally approximates their carrying value as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , due to the short-term nature of these financial in struments. It is impractical to estimate the fair value of the Company’s junior subordinated notes. Currently, there is a limited market for these types of instruments and the Company is unable to ascertain what interest rates would be available to the Company for similar financial instruments. Information regarding carrying amount and effective interest rate for these instruments is presented in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment, net, consists of computer equipment with a depreciable life of 3 years, office furniture and equipment with depreciable lives of 8 to 20 years, land which has no depreciable life, and buildings and improvements with depreciable lives of 30 years. Property and equipment is recorded at acquisition cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Repurchase Agreements The Company finances the acquisition of the majority of its PT MBS through the use of repur chase agreements under master repurchase agreements. Pursuant to ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing , the Company account s for repurchase transactions as collateralized financing transactions, which are carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements . Share-Based Compensation The Com pany follows the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation , to account for stock and stock-based awards. For stock and stock-based awards issued to employees, a compensation charge is recorded against earnings over the vesting period based on the fair value of the award. The Company applies a zero forfeiture rate for its equity based awards, as such awards have been granted to a limited number of employees and historical forfeitures have been minimal. A significant forfeiture, or an indication that significant forfeitures may occur, would result in a revised forfeiture rate which would be accounted for prospectively as a change in an estimate. For transactions with non-employees in which services are performed in exchange for the Comp any’s common stock or other equity instruments, the transactions are recorded on the basis of the fair value of the service received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily measurable at the date of issuance. Earnings Per Share The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share , which requires companies with complex capital structures, common stock equivalents or two (or more) classes of securities that participate in dividend distributions to present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the consolidated statement of operations. Basic EPS is calculated as income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding du ring the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock or two-class method, as applicable for common stock equivalents. However, the common stock equivalents are not included in computing diluted EPS if the result is anti-dilutive. Outstandin g shares of Class B Common Stock, participating and convertible into Class A Common Stock, are entitled to receive dividends in an amount equal to the dividends declared on each share of Class A Common Stock if, as and when authorized and declared by the B oard of Directors. Accordingly, shares of the Class B Common Stock are included in the computation of basic EPS using the two-class method and, consequently, are presented separately from Class A Common Stock. The shares of Class C Common Stock are not in cluded in the basic EPS computation as these shares do not have participation rights. The outstanding shares of Class B and Class C Common Stock are not included in the computation of diluted EPS for the Class A Common Stock as the conditions for conversio n into shares of Class A Common Stock were not met. Income Taxes For the calendar year ended December 31, 2015, Bimini Capital, Bimini Advisors, Inc. and Royal Palm were separate taxpaying entities for income tax purposes and filed separate Federal income tax returns. Bimini Advisors, Inc. remained a separate tax paying entity through January 31, 2016; on that date, Bimini Advisors, Inc. was reorganized (as Bimini Advisors Holdings, LLC) to be an LLC wholly-owned by Bimini Capital. Beginning with the tax period starting on February 1, 2016, Bimini Capital and Bimini Advisors are combined as a single tax paying entity. Royal Palm continues to be treated as a separate tax paying entity. Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. The measurement of net deferred tax assets is adjusted by a valuation allowance if, based on the Company’s evaluation, it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. The Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for years ended on or after December 31, 2013 rema in open for examination. Although management believes its calculations for tax returns are correct and the positions taken thereon are reasonable, the final outcome of tax audits could be materially different from the tax returns filed by the Company, and those differences could result in significant costs or benefits to the Company. The Company measures, recognizes and presents its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes . Under that guidance, the Company assesses the likeli hood, based on their technical merit, that tax positions will be sustained upon examination based on the facts, circumstances and information available at the end of each period. The measurement of uncertain tax positions is adjusted when new information is available, or when an event occurs that requires a change. The Company recognizes tax positions in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized upon settlement. The difference between the benefit recognized and the tax benefit claimed on a tax return is referred to as an unrecognized tax benefit and is recorded as a liability in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company records income tax-related interest and penalties, if applicable, within the income tax provision. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows – (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included as compo nents of total cash and cash equivalents as presented on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted. The Company ad opted the ASU beginning with the first quarter of 2017. The prior period consolidated statement of cash flows has been retrospectively adjusted to conform to this presentation. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods wit hin those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instr uments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses on most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments to be measured using an expected credit loss mod el (referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model). ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application is permitted for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement o f Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial assets and financial liabilities. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods wi thin those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and, for most provisions, is effective using the cumulative-effect transition approach. Early application is permitted for certain provisions. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements. |