| Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1 . ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Business Description Bimini Capital Management, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Bimini Capital” or the “Company”) formed in September 2003, is a holding company. The Company operates in two business segments through its principal operating subsidiaries , Bimini Advisors Holdings, LLC and Royal Palm Capital, LLC. Bimini Advisors Hol dings, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bimini Advisors, LLC (a registered investment advisor), are collectively referred to as "Bimini Advisors." Bimini Advisors manages a residential mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) portfolio for Orchid Island Cap ital, Inc. ("Orchid") and receives fees for providing these services. Bimini Advisors also manages the MBS portfolio of Royal Palm Capital, LLC. Royal Palm Capital, LLC maintains an investment portfolio, consisting primarily of MBS investments, for its ow n benefit. Royal Palm Capital, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as "Royal Palm." Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bimini Capital, Bimini Advisors and Royal Palm. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements. Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidation, requires the consolidation of a variable interest entity ("VIE") by an enterprise if it is deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIE. Bimini Capital has a comm on share investment in a trust used in connection with the issuance of Bimini Capital's junior subordinated notes. See Note 9 for a description of the accounting used for this VIE. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolid ated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, t hey do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been incl uded. Operating results fo r the six and three month periods ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year end ing December 31, 2018 . The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. For further information, r efer to the financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s A nnual R eport on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to m ake estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting peri od. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates affecting the accompanying consolidated financial statements include determining the fair values of MBS, investment in Orchid common shares, derivatives and retained interests, de termining the amounts of asset valuation allowances, and the computation of the income tax provision or benefit and the deferred tax asset allowances recorded for each accounting period. Statement of Comprehensive Income In accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income , a statement of comprehensive income has not been included as the Company has no items of other comprehensive income (loss) . Comprehensive (loss) income is the same as net (loss) income for all periods presented. Segment Reporting The Company’s operations are classified into two principal reportable segments: the asset management segment and the investment portfolio segment. These segments are evaluated by management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as the Company’s accounting policies with the exception that inter-segment revenues and expenses are included in the presentation of segment results. For further information see Note 16 . Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on deposit with financial institutions and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. Restricted cash includes cash pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and derivative instruments. The following table presents the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and rest ricted cash as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . (in thousands) June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 6,589,041 $ 6,103,250 Restricted cash 2,203,070 2,649,610 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 8,792,111 $ 8,752,860 The Company maintains cash balances at several banks and, at times, these balances may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses related to these balances. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures eligible accounts up to $250,000 per depositor at each financial institution. At June 30, 2018 , the Company’s cash deposits exceeded federally insured limits by approximately $5.3 million. The Company also maintains excess margin in accounts with d erivative exchanges. Restricted cash balances are uninsured, but are held in separate customer accounts that are segregated from the general funds of the counterparty. The Company limits uninsured balances to only large, well-known bank s and derivative c ounterparties and believes that it is not exposed to significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents or restricted cash balances. Advisory Services Orchid is externally managed and advised by Bimini Advisors pursuant to the terms of a management agreement. Under the terms of the management agreement , Orchid is obligated to pay Bimini Advisors a monthly management fee and a pro rata portion of certain overhead costs and to reimburse the Company for any direct expenses incurred on its behalf. Mort gage-Backed Securities The Company invests primarily in mortgage pass-through (“PT”) certificates, collateralized mor tgage obligations, and interest- only (“IO”) securities and inverse interest- only (“IIO”) securities representing interest in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage-backed loans. The Company has elected to account for its investment in MBS under the fair value option. Electing the fair value option requires the Company to record changes in fair value in the consolidated stateme nt of operations, which, in management’s view, more appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a particular reporting period and is consistent with the underlying economics and how the portfolio is managed. The Company records MBS transactions on the trade date. Security purchases that have not settled as of the balance sheet date are included in the MBS balance with an offsetting liability recorded, whereas securit ies sold that have not settled as of the balance sheet date are rem oved from the MBS balance with an offsetting receivable recorded. The fair value of the Company’s investment in MBS is governed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement . The definition of fair value in ASC Topic 820 focuses on the price that would be rec eived to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability either occurs in t he principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, occurs in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Estimated fair values for MBS are based on independent pricing sources and/or third-party broker quo tes, when available. Income on PT MBS is based on the stated interest rate of the security. Premiums or discounts present at the date of purchase are not amortized. Premium lost and discount accretion resulting from monthly principal repayments are refl ected in unrealize d gains on MBS in the c ons olidated statements of operations. For IO securities, the income is accrued based on the carrying value and the effective yield. The difference between income accrued and the interest received on the security is characterized as a return of investment and serves to reduce the asset’s carrying value. At each reporting date, the effective yield is adjusted prospectively for future reporting periods based on the new estimate of prepayments and the contractual terms of the security. For IIO securities, effective yield and income recognition calculations also take into account the index value applicable to the security. Changes in fair value of MBS during each reporting period are recorded in earnings and reported as unrealized gains or losses on mortgage-backed securities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The amount reported as unrealized gains or losses on mortgage backed securities thus captures the net effect of changes in the fair market value of securities caused by market developments and any premium or discount lost as a result of principal repayments during the period. Orchid Island Capital, Inc. Common Stock The Company has elected the fair value option for its investment in Orchid common shares. The change in the fair value of this investment and dividends received on this investment are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. We estimate the fair value of our investment in Orchid on a market approach using “Level 1” inputs based on the quoted market price of Orchid’s common stock on a national stock exchange. Electing the fair value option requires the Company to record changes in fair value in the consolid ated statement s of operations, which, in management’s view, mo re appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a particular reporting period and is consistent with how the investment is managed. Retained Interests in Securitizations Retained i nterests in the subordinated tranches of securities created in securitization transactions were initially recorded at their fair value when issued by Royal Palm. Subsequent adjustments to fair value are reflected in the consolidated statements of operation s. Quoted market prices for these assets are generally not available, so the Company estimates fair value based on Level 3 inputs, as fur th er discussed in Note 15. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company uses derivative instruments to manage interest rate risk, facilitate asset/liability strategies and manage other exposures, and it may continue to do so in the future. The principal instruments that the Company has used to date are Treasury Note (“T-Note”) and Eurodollar futures contracts, and “to-be-announced” (“TBA”) securities transactions, but it may enter into other derivatives in the future. The Company purchases a portion of its MBS through forward settling transactions, including TBA securities transactions. At times when market condi tions are conducive, the Company may choose to move the settlement of these TBA securities transactions out to a later date by entering into an offsetting short position, which is then net settled for cash, and simultaneously entering into a substantially similar TBA securities trade for a later settlement date. Such a set of transactions is referred to as a TBA “dollar roll” transaction. The TBA securities purchased at the later settlement date are typically priced at a discount to securities for settlem ent in the current month. This difference is referred to as the “price drop.” The price drop represents compensation to the Company for foregoing net interest margin and is referred to as TBA “dollar roll income.” The Company accounts for TBA securities as derivative instruments if either the TBA securities do not settle in the shortest period of time possible or if the Company cannot assert that it is probable at inception of the TBA transaction, or throughout its term, that it will take physical delive ry of the MBS for a long position, or make delivery of the MBS for a short position, upon settlement of the trade. The Company accounts for TBA dollar roll transactions as a series of derivative transactions. Gains, losses and dollar roll income associated with TBA securities transactions and dollar roll transactions are reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of TBA securities is estimated based on similar methods used to value MBS securities. The Company does not account for any of its derivative financial instruments as hedges in order to align the accounting treatment of its derivative instruments with the treatment of its portfolio assets under the fair value option. FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging , requires th at all derivative instruments be carried at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated operations for each period. Holding derivatives creates exposure to credit risk related to the potential for failure by counterparties to honor their commitments. In addition, the Company may be required to post collateral based on any declines in the market value of the derivatives. In the event of default by a counterparty, the Company may have difficulty recovering its collateral and may not receive payments provided for under the terms of the agreement. To mitigate this risk, the Company uses only well-established commercial banks as counterparties. Financial Instruments ASC Topic 825 , Financial Instruments , requires disclos ure of the fair value of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value, either in the body of the financial statements or in the accompanying notes. MBS, Orchid common stock, Eurodollar futures contracts, interest rate swaptions and retained interests in securitization transactions are accounted for at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value for these instruments are presented in Note 15 of the consolidated financial statements. The estimated fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accrued interest receivable, other assets, repurchase agreements, accrued interest payable and other liabilities generally approximates their carrying value as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. It is impractical to estimate the fair value of the Company’s junior subordinated notes. Currently, there is a limited market for these types of instruments and the Company is unable to ascertain what interest rates would be available to the Company for similar financial instruments. Further Information regarding these instruments is presented in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements. Property and E quipment, net Property and equipment, net, consists of computer equipment with a depreciable life of 3 years, office furniture and equipment with depreciable lives of 8 to 20 years, land which has no depreciable life, and buildings and improvements with d epreciable lives of 30 years. Property and equipment is recorded at acquisition cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Repurchase Agreements The Company finances the acquisition of the majority of its PT MBS through the use of repurchase agreements under master repurchase agreements. Pursuant to ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing , the Company account s for repurchase transactions as collater alized financing transactions, which are carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements . Share-Based Compensation The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compe nsation , to account for stock and stock-based awards. For stock and stock-based awards issued to employees, a compensation charge is recorded against earnings over the vesting period based on the fair value of the award. The Company applies a zero forfeiture rate for its equity based awards, as such awards have been granted to a limited number of employees and historical forfeitures have been minimal. A significant forfeiture, or an indication that significant forfeitures may occur, would result in a revised forfeiture rate which would be accounted for prospectively as a change in an estimate. For transactions with non-employees in which services are performed in exchange for the Company’s common stock or other equity instruments, the transactions a re recorded on the basis of the fair value of the service received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily measurable at the date of the issuance of the common stock. Earnings Per Share The Company follows the provis ions of ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share , which requires companies with complex capital structures, common stock equivalents or two (or more) classes of securities that participate in dividend distributions to present both basic and diluted earnings per s hare (“EPS”) on the face of the consolidated statement of operations. Basic EPS is calculated as income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock or two-class method, as applicable for common stock equivalents. However, the common stock equivalents are not included in computing diluted EPS if the result is anti-dilutive. Outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, participating a nd convertible into Class A Common Stock, are entitled to receive dividends in an amount equal to the dividends declared , if any, on each share of Class A Common Stock . Accordingly, shares of the Class B Common Stock are included in the computation of basic EPS using the two-class method and, consequently, are presented separately from Class A Common Stock. The shares of Class C Common Stock are not included in the basic EPS computation as these shares do not have participation rights. The outstanding shares of Class B and Class C Common Stock are not included in the computation of diluted EPS for the Class A Common Stock as the conditions for conversion into shares of Class A Common Stock were not met. Income Taxes Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. The measurement of net deferred tax assets is adjust ed by a valuation allowance if, based on the Company’s evaluation, it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. The Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for years ended on or after December 31, 2014 remain open for examination. Although management believes its calculations for tax returns are correct and the positions taken thereon are reasonable, the final outcome of tax audits could be materially different from the tax returns filed by the Company, and those differences could result in significant costs or benefits to the Company. For tax filing purposes, Bimini Capital and Bimini Advisors are consolidated as a single tax paying entity. Royal Palm files as a separate tax paying entity. The Company measures, recognizes and presents its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes . Under that guidance, the Company assesses the likelihood, based on their technical merit, that tax positions will be sustained upon examination based on the facts, circumstances and information available at the end of each period. The measurement of uncertain tax positions is adjusted when new information is available, or when an event occurs that requires a change. The Company recognizes tax positions in the financial statements onl y when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that wil l more likely than not be realized upon settlement. The difference between the benefit recognized and the tax benefit claimed on a tax return is referred to as an unrecognized tax benefit and is recorded as a liability in the consolidated balance sheets. T he Company records income tax-related interest and penalties, if applicable, within the income tax provision. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law by President Trump. The Tax Reform Act significan tly revised the U.S. corporate income tax code by, among other things, lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. On the same date, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 which s pecifies, among other things, that reasonable estimates of the income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act should be used, if determinable. The Company has accounted for the effects of the Tax Reform Act using reasonable estimates based on currently available information and its interpretations thereof. This accounting may change due to, among other things, changes in interpretations the Company has made and the issuance of new tax or accounting guidance. GAAP requires that the effects of a change in tax rate on the value of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities be recognized upon enactment . Reclassifications Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows – (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included as components of total cash and cas h equivalents as presented on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted. The Company early adopted the ASU beginni ng with the first quarter of 2017. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted. The Company’s adoption of this ASU did not have a mater ial impact on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses on most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments to be measured using an expected credit loss model (referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model). ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within tho se years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application is permitted for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2 016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of fi nancial assets and financial liabilities. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and, for most provisions, is effective using the cumulative-effect transition approach. Ear ly application is permitted for certain provisions. The Company ’s adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements . In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which impl ements a common revenue standard and clarifies the principles used for recognizing revenue. The amendments in the ASU clarify that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflec ts the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The amendments in ASU No. 2014-09 became effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Interest income from MBS and dividend income from the investment in Orchid are scoped out of the new revenue recognition standard. Management fee income is within the scope of the new revenue recognition standard. As a result of the new revenue recognition standard there is no change to the recognition of management fees revenue as management fees are still recognized on a pro-rata basis during the period which the service is provided. Therefore the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
