| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of Endeavour Silver Corp. (the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 and the related notes contained therein. In addition, the following should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008, the related MD&A and the Company’s most recent Annual Information Form, which have been filed with the Canadian Provincial Securities Regulatory Authorities (*) and the most recent Form 40F which has been filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
All financial information in this MD&A is prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (“CAD GAAP”), and all dollar amounts are expressed in US dollars unless otherwise indicated.
Cautionary Note concerning Forward-Looking Statements:This MD&A contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform act of 1995 and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Such forward-looking statements and information herein include, but are not limited to, statements regarding Endeavour’s anticipated performance in 2009, including silver and gold production, timing and expenditures to develop new silver mines and mineralized zones, silver and gold grades and recoveries, cash costs per ounce, capital expenditures and sustaining capital. The Company does not intend to, and does not assume any obligation to update such forward-looking statements or information, other than as required by applicable law. Forward-looking statements or information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of Endeavour and its operations to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such statements. Such factors include, among others: fluctuations in the prices of silver and gold, fluctuations in the currency markets (particularly the Mexican peso, Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar); changes in national and local governments, legislation, taxation, controls, regulations and political or economic developments in Canada and Mexico; operating or technical difficulties in mineral exploration, development and mining activities; risks and hazards of mineral exploration, development and mining (including, but not limited to environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected geological conditions, pressures, cave-ins and flooding); inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance; availability of and costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development, diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as properties are mined; the ability to successfully integrate acquisitions; risks in obtaining necessary licenses and permits, and challenges to the company’s title to properties; as well as those factors described in the section “risk factors” contained in the Company’s most recent annual report on Form 40-F filed with the SEC and Annual Information Form filed with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements or information, there may be other factors that cause results to be materially different from those anticipated, described, estimated, assessed or intended. There can be no assurance that any forward-looking statements or information will prove to be accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements or information. Accordingly, readers shouldnot place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information.
Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors concerning Estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources:In this MD&A, the terms “measured”, “indicated” and “inferred” resources are used. The Company advises U.S. investors that while such terms are recognized and permitted under Canadian securities rules, the SEC does not recognize them. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted to proven or probable reserves.“Inferred resources” in particular have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and their economic feasibility. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource actually exists, will ever be upgraded to a higher resource category or will ever be economically feasible to mine. Under Canadian securities rules, estimates of inferred resources may not form part of the basis of feasibility or other economic studies.
(*) available at the SEDAR website atwww.sedar.com
1
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
HISTORY AND STRATEGY
The Company is engaged in the evaluation, acquisition, exploration, development and exploitation of silver mining properties in Mexico.
Historically, the business philosophy was to acquire and explore early-stage mineral prospects in Canada and the United States. In 2002 the Company was re-organized, a new management team was appointed, and the business strategy was revised to focus on acquiring advanced-stage silver mining properties in Mexico. Mexico, despite its long and prolific history of metal production, appeared to be relatively un-explored using modern exploration techniques and offered promising geological potential for precious metals exploration and production.
After evaluating several mineral properties in Mexico in 2003, the Company negotiated an option to purchase the Guanacevi silver mines and process plant located in Durango, Mexico in May 2004. Management recognized that even though the mines had run out of ore, little modern exploration had been carried out to discover new silver ore-bodies. Exploration drilling commenced in June 2004 and quickly met with encouraging results. By September 2004, sufficient high grade silver mineralization had been outlined to justify the development of a ramp into the newly discovered ore-body called North Porvenir. In December 2004, the Company commenced the mining and processing of ore from the new North Porvenir mine to produce silver dore bars.
In 2007, the Company replicated the success of Guanacevi with the acquisition of the Guanajuato Mines project in Guanajuato State. Guanajuato was very similar in that there was a fully built and permitted processing plant, the mines were running out of ore and the operation was for sale. The acquisition was finalized in May 2007 and as a result of the successful mine rehabilitation and exploration work conducted in 2008, both silver production and resources grew sharply last year, and Guanajuato is now a strong and growing part of the Company’s asset base.
Both Guanacevi and Guanajuato are good examples of Endeavour’s business model of acquiring fully built and permitted silver mines that were about to close for lack of ore. By bringing the money and expertise needed to find new silver orebodies, Endeavour has successfully re-opened and is now expanding these mines to unfold their full potential. The obvious benefit of acquiring fully built and permitted infrastructure is that if new exploration efforts are successful, the mine development cycle from discovery to production only takes a matter of months instead of the several years normally required in the traditional mining business model.
2
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The Company historically funded its exploration and development activities through equity financings. Equity financings also facilitated the acquisition and development of the Guanacevi and Guanajuato Mines projects. However, since 2004, the Company has been able to finance more and more of its acquisition, exploration, development and operating activities from production cash flows.
OPERATING PERFORMANCE
Q1, 2009 Highlights (Compared to Q1, 2008)
Silver production rose 13% to 572,785 oz | |||
Gold production jumped 63% to 2,335 oz | |||
Silver-equivalent production up 22% to 736,235 oz (70:1 silver:gold ratio and no base metals) | |||
Mineral sales fell 21% to $8.5 million | |||
Mine operating cash-flow dropped 37% to $2.6 million | |||
Cash costs reduced 24% to $7.56 per oz silver produced | |||
Closed $11 million convertible redeemable debenture financing | |||
Capital projects at Guanacevi and Guanajuato | |||
Mine Development 1,248 meters Completed at Guanacevi, 583 meters Completed at Guanajuato | |||
Guanacevi Access Ramps Underway at Alex Breccia, Porvenir Dos and Santa Cruz | |||
Guanacevi Ventilation Shaft Completed and Operating | |||
Guanacevi Pump Station Modified and Operating | |||
Guanacevi Tailings Expansion Commenced | |||
Exploration projects at Guanacevi and Guanajuato | |||
Soil Geochemical Sample Grids Completed at San Pedro, Guanacevi and Lucero, Guanajuato | |||
Plant throughputs in Q1, 2009 totalled 85,731 tonnes (up 10%) at average grades of 271 grams per tonne (gpt) silver (down 11%) and 1.02 gpt gold (up 44%) as compared to 78,157 tonnes at average grades of 304 gpt silver and 0.71 gpt gold during Q1, 2008 and plant recoveries in Q1, 2009 were 81.8% for silver (up 24%) and 88.4% for gold (up 11%) | |||
Total silver-equivalent mineral inventory rose 24% to 62.3 million oz (assuming 75:1 silver:gold ratio based on gold/silver prices in December 2008, not including any base metals as equivalents) and Proven and probable reserves now total 7.8 million ounces (oz) silver (9.6 million oz silver-equivalents), indicated resources increased to 19.5 million oz silver (26.1 million oz silver-equivalents) and inferred resources climbed to 19.5 million oz silver (26.6 million oz silver-equivalents) | |||
3
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Comparative Table of Consolidated Mine Operations
| Plant T'put | Ore Grades | Recovered Ounces | Recoveries | Cash Cost | ||||
| Period | Tonnes | Ag(gpt) | Au(gpt) | Ag(oz) | Au(oz) | Ag(%) | Au(%) | $ per oz |
| Production 2007 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2007 | 47,781 | 427 | 0.88 | 490,986 | 1,020 | 74.8 | 75.1 | 5.45 |
| Q2, 2007 | 58,060 | 290 | 0.99 | 430,248 | 1,481 | 74.8 | 76.4 | 9.67 |
| Q3, 2007 | 94,469 | 281 | 0.80 | 577,384 | 1,804 | 67.8 | 74.4 | 10.64 |
| Q4, 2007 | 91,251 | 319 | 0.85 | 636,866 | 2,122 | 68.0 | 80.4 | 11.09 |
| Total | 291,561 | 319 | 0.87 | 2,135,484 | 6,427 | 70.4 | 76.8 | 9.38 |
| Production 2008 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2008 | 78,157 | 304 | 0.71 | 504,669 | 1,433 | 66.2 | 79.8 | 10.01 |
| Q2, 2008 | 86,391 | 257 | 0.77 | 517,077 | 1,705 | 72.8 | 83.0 | 9.62 |
| Q3, 2008 | 96,721 | 270 | 0.93 | 625,094 | 2,465 | 75.4 | 84.9 | 9.55 |
| Q4, 2008 | 90,927 | 288 | 0.98 | 696,075 | 2,416 | 82.2 | 88.4 | 7.43 |
| Total | 352,196 | 279 | 0.85 | 2,342,915 | 8,019 | 74.5 | 84.2 | 9.03 |
| Production 2009 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2009 | 85,731 | 271 | 1.02 | 572,785 | 2,335 | 81.8 | 88.4 | 7.56 |
| YTD 2009 | 85,731 | 271 | 1.02 | 572,785 | 2,335 | 81.8 | 88.4 | 7.56 |
| Q1, 2009 : Q1, 2008 | 10% | -11% | 44% | 13% | 63% | 24% | 11% | -24% |
| Q1, 2009 : Q4, 2008 | -6% | -6% | 4% | -18% | -3% | 0% | 0% | 2% |
4
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Comparative Table of Guanacevi Mine Operations
| Plant T'put | Ore Grades | Recovered Ounces | Recoveries | Cash Cost | ||||
| Period | Tonnes | Ag(gpt) | Au(gpt) | Ag(oz) | Au(oz) | Ag(%) | Au(%) | $ per oz |
| Production 2007 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2007 | 47,781 | 427 | 0.88 | 490,986 | 1,020 | 74.8 | 75.1 | 5.45 |
| Q2, 2007 | 40,749 | 377 | 0.72 | 382,377 | 824 | 75.9 | 76.4 | 9.86 |
| Q3, 2007 | 68,084 | 342 | 0.61 | 491,643 | 987 | 65.8 | 74.5 | 10.31 |
| Q4, 2007 | 69,681 | 370 | 0.65 | 542,789 | 1,126 | 65.4 | 76.9 | 7.45 |
| Total | 226,295 | 375 | 0.70 | 1,907,795 | 3,957 | 69.4 | 75.7 | 8.16 |
| Production 2008 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2008 | 68,651 | 322 | 0.60 | 458,624 | 1,012 | 64.5 | 75.9 | 8.61 |
| Q2, 2008 | 65,276 | 287 | 0.55 | 419,245 | 883 | 69.2 | 78.7 | 8.92 |
| Q3, 2008 | 63,979 | 321 | 0.58 | 465,661 | 976 | 70.7 | 81.3 | 9.66 |
| Q4, 2008 | 57,750 | 346 | 0.58 | 514,867 | 917 | 79.4 | 87.7 | 7.37 |
| Total | 255,656 | 318 | 0.58 | 1,858,397 | 3,788 | 70.6 | 80.6 | 8.60 |
| Production 2009 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2009 | 51,073 | 326 | 0.56 | 409,476 | 795 | 79.3 | 88.1 | 7.81 |
| YTD 2009 | 51,073 | 326 | 0.56 | 409,476 | 795 | 79.3 | 88.1 | 7.81 |
| Q1, 2009 : Q1, 2008 | -26% | 1% | -7% | -11% | -21% | 23% | 16% | -9% |
| Q1, 2009 : Q4, 2008 | -12% | -6% | -3% | -20% | -13% | 0% | 0% | 6% |
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Comparative Table of Guanajuato Mine Operations
| Plant | Ore Grades | Recovered Ounces | Recoveries | Cash | ||||
| Period | Tonnes | Ag(gpt) | Au(gpt) | Ag(oz) | Au(oz) | Ag(%) | Au(%) | $ per oz |
| Production 2007 Year: | Purchased May 2, 2007 | |||||||
| Q1, 2007 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| Q2, 2007 | 17,311 | 120 | 1.70 | 47,870 | 657 | 71.7 | 69.4 | 8.07 |
| Q3, 2007 | 26,385 | 124 | 1.29 | 85,742 | 817 | 81.5 | 74.7 | 12.58 |
| Q4, 2007 | 21,570 | 155 | 1.50 | 94,077 | 886 | 87.7 | 85.0 | 32.97 |
| Total | 65,266 | 133 | 1.47 | 227,689 | 2,360 | 81.5 | 76.6 | 20.06 |
| Production 2008 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2008 | 9,506 | 171 | 1.54 | 46,045 | 421 | 88.1 | 87.7 | 24.58 |
| Q2, 2008 | 21,115 | 164 | 1.44 | 97,832 | 822 | 88.1 | 87.7 | 12.75 |
| Q3, 2008 | 32,742 | 170 | 1.62 | 159,433 | 1,489 | 88.3 | 87.2 | 9.22 |
| Q4, 2008 | 33,177 | 188 | 1.67 | 181,208 | 1,499 | 90.6 | 88.9 | 7.90 |
| Total | 96,540 | 175 | 1.59 | 484,518 | 4,231 | 89.0 | 87.9 | 10.79 |
| Production 2009 Year: | ||||||||
| Q1, 2009 | 34,658 | 189 | 1.70 | 163,309 | 1,540 | 88.1 | 88.6 | 6.90 |
| YTD 2009 | 34,658 | 189 | 1.70 | 163,309 | 1,540 | 88.1 | 88.6 | 6.90 |
| Q1, 2009 : Q1, 2008 | 265% | 11% | 10% | 255% | 266% | 0% | 1% | -72% |
| Q1, 2009 : Q4, 2008 | 4% | 1% | 2% | -10% | 3% | -3% | 0% | -13% |
Consolidated Production Results
Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008
Silver production for the First Quarter of 2009 was 572,785 ounces, an increase of 13% compared to 504,669 ounces in the First Quarter of 2008. Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 85,731 tonnes at an average grade of 271 grams per tonnes (“gpt”) of silver and 1.02 gpt of gold as compared to 78,157 tonnes at an average grade of 304 gpt of silver and 0.71 gpt of gold during Q1, 2008. The increased throughput is attributable to the Guanajuato Mine project operating near capacity during the quarter, offset by a decrease in Guanacevi’s output as stockpiles were depleted, while more personnel and equipment were allocated to mine development, compounded by higher water flow than expected as the ramp drives below the water table reducing the mine output.
Silver grades were 11% lower and gold grades were 44% higher in Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008 reflecting the reduction of higher silver grade ore processed at Guanacevi and an increase in the lower silver grade ore produced at Guanajuato, where there was minimal production for Q1, 2008. The Guanajuato mine has lower silver grades but significantly higher gold grades than the Guanacevi mine. The average silver recovery rate was 24% higher in Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008 reflecting the different ore-types being processed, the plant upgrades, improvements to the metallurgical process at Guanacevi and the increased production of higher recovery ores at Guanajuato.
6
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Q1, 2009 compared to Q4, 2008
Silver production for the First Quarter of 2009 was 572,785 ounces, a decrease of 18% compared to 696,075 ounces in the fourth quarter of 2008. Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 85,731 at an average grade of 271 gpt of silver and 1.02 gpt of gold as compared to 90,927 tonnes at an average grade of 288 gpt of silver and 0.98 gpt of gold during Q4, 2008. The decrease in throughput was due to Guanacevi stockpiles being depleted, while more personnel and equipment were allocated to mine development, slowed by higher water flow than expected as the ramp drives deeper below the water table.
Silver grades were 6% lower and gold grades were 4% higher in Q1, 2009 compared to Q4, 2008 reflecting different ore types processed at Guanacevi and the higher throughput of lower silver grade ore from Guanajuato. The Guanajuato mine has lower silver grades but significantly higher gold grades than the Guanacevi mine.
Guanacevi Mines Production Results
Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008
Silver production for Q1, 2009 was 409,476 ounces, a decrease of 11% compared to 458,624 ounces in Q1, 2008, a decrease of 11%, with gold production of 795 ounces, a decrease of 21% compared to 1,012 ounces in Q1, 2008, Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 51,073 tonnes at an average grade of 326 gpt silver and 0.56 gpt gold as compared to 68,651 tonnes at an average grade of 322 gpt silver and 0.60 gpt gold during Q1 2008.
The average silver grade was consistent with Q1, 2008, while the average silver recovery rate improved 23% due to reduced processing of manganese oxide ores at Guanacevi and efficiencies attained from the plant upgrades completed in 2008. The plant throughput rate was 26% lower in Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008 as the mine focused more personnel and equipment on mine development, slowed by higher water flow than expected as the ramp drives deeper below the water table.
Q1, 2009 compared to Q4, 2008
Silver production for Q1, 2009 was 409,476 ounces, a decrease of 20% compared to 514,867 ounces in Q4, 2008, with gold production of 795 ounces, a decrease of 13% compared to 917 ounces in Q4, 2008. Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 51,073 tonnes at an average grade of 326 gpt silver and 0.56 gpt gold as compared to 57,750 tonnes at an average grade of 346 gpt silver and 0.58 gpt gold during Q4 2008.
The average silver grade was slightly lower compared to Q4, 2008, while the average silver recovery rate have been consistent since completion of the plant capital improvement program. The plant throughput rate was 12% lower in Q1, 2009 compared to Q4, 2008 as stockpiled ore has been depleted, while the mine focused on mine development.
Guanajuato Mines Production Results
Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008
Silver production for Q1, 2009 was 163,309 ounces, an increase of 255%, compared to 46,045 ounces in Q1, 2008, and gold production was 1,540 ounces, an increase of 266% compared to 421 ounces in Q1, 2008. Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 34,658 tonnes at an average grade of 189 gpt silver and 1.70 gpt gold as compared to 9,506 tonnes at an average grade of 171 gpt silver and 1.54 gpt gold during Q1, 2008.
Silver grades were 11% higher and gold grades were 10% higher in Q1, 2009 compared to Q1, 2008 primarily due to access to higher grade stopes in the Lucero vein area. The recovery rates continue to be consistent quarter-on-quarter.
7
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The primary factor in the significant increase in the silver production and plant throughput from Q1, 2008 to Q1, 2009 was the rehabilitation and re-opening of the four main mine shafts in Q2, 2008, which opened up new production areas at the Guanajuato Mines.
Q1, 2009 compared to Q4, 2008
Silver production for Q1, 2009 was 163,309 ounces, a decrease of 10% compared to 181,208 ounces in Q4, 2008, with gold production of 1,540 ounces, an increase of 3% compared to 1,499 ounces in Q4, 2008. Plant throughput for Q1, 2009 was 34,658 tonnes at an average grade of 189 gpt silver and 1.70 gpt gold as compared to 33,177 tonnes at an average grade of 188 gpt silver and 1.67 gpt gold during Q4, 2008.
The decrease in production from Q4, 2008 to Q1, 2009 is partly due to a revised method for reporting production from Guanajuato. Prior to December, 2008, the Company recovered gold and silver into bulk sulfide concentrates and shipped the concentrates to the Met-Mex (“Penoles”) refinery in Torreon, Mexico for treatment. Penoles paid 95% of the gold and silver in concentrate but significantly increased their smelting charges, deductions and penalties mid 2008. Therefore, the Company evaluated its processing alternatives for the Guanajuato concentrates and determined that it could materially reduce its smelting costs by shipping the concentrates to the Guanacevi process plant for treatment to produce dore silver-gold bars. Smelters typically pay more than 99% for the silver and gold in dore, but re-processing at Guanacevi only recovers 88% of the silver and gold in concentrate, resulting in slightly lower production, but significantly lower costs, overall improving the Company’s gross margin.
8
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Cash Costs (Non-GAAP Measure)
Cash operating cost per oz is a non-GAAP measure commonly reported in the silver and gold mining industry as a benchmark of performance, but it does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. The cash operating cost is provided to investors and used by management as a measure of the Company’s operating performance. The Company reports its cash operating cost per oz of silver produced as cost of sales, net of gold credits and royalties.
Reconciliation of cash operating cost per oz to cost of sales (2009):
| Consolidated (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| Year to date | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-09 | 31-Dec-09 | 30-Sep-09 | 30-Jun-09 | 31-Mar-09 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 5,883 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 5,883 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (217 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (217 | ) | |||
| Change in Inventories | $ | 467 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 467 | |||||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (1,847 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (1,847 | ) | |||
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 4,286 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 4,286 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 572,785 | - | - | - | 572,785 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 567,056 | - | - | - | 567,056 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 7.56 | $ | 7.56 | |||||||||||
| Guanacevi Mines (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-09 | 31-Dec-09 | 30-Sep-09 | 30-Jun-09 | 31-Mar-09 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 3,423 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,423 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (217 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (217 | ) | |||
| Change in Inventories | $ | 586 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 586 | |||||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (624 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (624 | ) | |||
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 3,168 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,168 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 409,476 | - | - | - | 409,476 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 405,381 | - | - | - | 405,381 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 7.81 | $ | 7.81 | |||||||||||
| Guanajuato Mines Project (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-09 | 31-Dec-09 | 30-Sep-09 | 30-Jun-09 | 31-Mar-09 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 2,460 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 2,460 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | |||||
| Change in Inventories | $ | (121 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (121 | ) | |||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (1,223 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (1,223 | ) | |||
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 1,116 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,116 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 163,309 | - | - | - | 163,309 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 161,675 | - | - | - | 161,675 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 6.90 | $ | 6.90 | |||||||||||
* Based on payable silver production attributable to cost of sales
9
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Reconciliation of cash operating cost per oz to cost of sales (2008):
| Consolidated (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-08 | 31-Dec-08 | 30-Sep-08 | 30-Jun-08 | 31-Mar-08 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 27,802 | $ | 7,226 | $ | 7,648 | $ | 6,361 | $ | 6,567 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (807 | ) | $ | (264 | ) | $ | (77 | ) | $ | (198 | ) | $ | (268 | ) |
| Change in Inventories | $ | 173 | $ | (153 | ) | $ | 100 | $ | 196 | $ | 30 | ||||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (6,383 | ) | $ | (1,742 | ) | $ | (1,821 | ) | $ | (1,473 | ) | $ | (1,347 | ) |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 20,785 | $ | 5,067 | $ | 5,850 | $ | 4,886 | $ | 4,982 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 2,343,455 | 696,615 | 625,094 | 517,077 | 504,669 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 2,300,640 | 682,401 | 612,465 | 507,993 | 497,781 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 9.03 | $ | 7.43 | $ | 9.55 | $ | 9.62 | $ | 10.01 | |||||
| Guanacevi Mines (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-08 | 30-Jun-08 | 30-Sep-08 | 30-Jun-08 | 31-Mar-08 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 19,950 | $ | 4,983 | $ | 5,376 | $ | 4,467 | $ | 5,124 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (807 | ) | $ | (264 | ) | $ | (77 | ) | $ | (198 | ) | $ | (268 | ) |
| Change in Inventories | $ | 13 | $ | (191 | ) | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 196 | $ | 30 | |||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (3,336 | ) | $ | (769 | ) | $ | (824 | ) | $ | (764 | ) | $ | (979 | ) |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 15,820 | $ | 3,759 | $ | 4,453 | $ | 3,701 | $ | 3,907 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 1,858,927 | 515,407 | 465,661 | 419,245 | 458,624 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 1,840,348 | 510,253 | 461,004 | 415,053 | 454,038 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 8.60 | $ | 7.37 | $ | 9.66 | $ | 8.92 | $ | 8.61 | |||||
| Guanajuato Mines Project (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-08 | 30-Jun-08 | 30-Sep-08 | 30-Jun-08 | 31-Mar-08 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 7,852 | $ | 2,243 | $ | 2,272 | $ | 1,894 | $ | 1,443 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | |||||
| Change in Inventories | $ | 160 | $ | 38 | $ | 122 | $ | - | $ | - | |||||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (3,047 | ) | $ | (973 | ) | $ | (997 | ) | $ | (709 | ) | $ | (368 | ) |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 4,965 | $ | 1,308 | $ | 1,397 | $ | 1,185 | $ | 1,075 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 484,518 | 181,208 | 159,433 | 97,832 | 46,045 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 460,292 | 172,148 | 151,461 | 92,940 | 43,743 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 10.79 | $ | 7.60 | $ | 9.22 | $ | 12.75 | $ | 24.58 | |||||
* Based on payable silver production attributable to cost of sales
10
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Reconciliation of cash operating cost per oz to cost of sales (2007):
| Consolidated (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-07 | 31-Dec-07 | 30-Sep-07 | 30-Jun-07 | 31-Mar-07 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 24,335 | $ | 8,759 | $ | 6,917 | $ | 5,092 | $ | 3,567 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (787 | ) | $ | (211 | ) | $ | (191 | ) | $ | (194 | ) | $ | (191 | ) |
| Change in Inventories | $ | 131 | $ | (289 | ) | $ | 518 | $ | - | $ | (98 | ) | |||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (3,934 | ) | $ | (1,309 | ) | $ | (1,199 | ) | $ | (799 | ) | $ | (627 | ) |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 19,745 | $ | 6,950 | $ | 6,045 | $ | 4,099 | $ | 2,651 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 2,135,484 | 636,866 | 577,381 | 430,251 | 490,986 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 2,105,021 | 626,734 | 568,177 | 424,034 | 486,176 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 9.38 | $ | 11.09 | $ | 10.64 | $ | 9.67 | $ | 5.45 | |||||
| Guanacevi Mines (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-07 | 30-Jun-07 | 30-Sep-07 | 30-Jun-07 | 31-Mar-07 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 18,717 | $ | 5,383 | $ | 5,397 | $ | 4,370 | $ | 3,567 | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (742 | ) | $ | (211 | ) | $ | (191 | ) | $ | (149 | ) | $ | (191 | ) |
| Change in Inventories | $ | 131 | $ | (289 | ) | $ | 518 | $ | - | $ | (98 | ) | |||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (2,700 | ) | $ | (880 | ) | $ | (704 | ) | $ | (489 | ) | $ | (627 | ) |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 15,406 | $ | 4,003 | $ | 5,020 | $ | 3,732 | $ | 2,651 | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 1,907,795 | 542,789 | 491,643 | 382,377 | 490,986 | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 1,888,717 | 537,361 | 486,726 | 378,554 | 486,076 | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 8.16 | $ | 7.45 | $ | 10.31 | $ | 9.86 | $ | 5.45 | |||||
| Guanajuato Mines Project (in US $000s except ozs produced/payable and cash cost/oz) | |||||||||||||||
| For the year | |||||||||||||||
| ended | For the three months ended | ||||||||||||||
| 31-Dec-07 | 30-Jun-07 | 30-Sep-07 | 30-Jun-07 | 31-Mar-07 | |||||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 5,618 | $ | 3,376 | $ | 1,520 | $ | 722 | $ | - | |||||
| Add/(Subtract): | |||||||||||||||
| Royalties | $ | (45 | ) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (45 | ) | $ | - | |||
| Change in Inventories | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | |||||
| By-Product gold sales | $ | (1,234 | ) | $ | (429 | ) | $ | (495 | ) | $ | (310 | ) | $ | - | |
| Cash Operating Costs | $ | 4,339 | $ | 2,947 | $ | 1,025 | $ | 367 | $ | - | |||||
| Ozs Produced | 227,689 | 94,077 | 85,728 | 47,874 | - | ||||||||||
| Ozs Payable | 216,304 | 89,373 | 81,451 | 45,480 | - | ||||||||||
| Cash Cost Per Oz US$ * | $ | 20.06 | $ | 32.97 | $ | 12.58 | $ | 8.07 | $ | 0.00 | |||||
*Based on payable silver production attributable to cost of sales.
11
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Exploration Activities
The Company planned minimal exploration activities in the first quarter to preserve working capital in light of the economic uncertainty at the end of 2008.
Commencing in the second quarter, a two-phase exploration program focused on following up several of the new discoveries made in 2008 near Endeavour's two mining operations, at Guanacevi in Durango State and Guanajuato in Guanajuato State; and testing several new prospective targets within those two districts.
The Phase 1 exploration program will include 6000 m of core in 25 diamond drill holes to target extensions of several veins, mantos and stock-works in the San Pedro area of Guanacevi and the northern continuation of the Santa Cruz vein north of the operating Porvenir mine; as well as drilling at three of the 2008 vein discoveries and two new vein prospect areas in the Cebada and Bolanitos areas of Guanajuato.
Proposed drilling will try to extend the Bolanitos, San Jose and Lucero vein mineralization to the south where it still remains open. Drilling highlights include intervals of 5.54 grams per tonne gold and 166 gpt silver over 5.80 meters (19 feet), including 11.45 gpt gold and 239 gpt silver over 1.90 meters (6 feet) on the Bolanitos vein.
Also in Guanajuato, mapping and sampling along the Veta Madre trend northwest of Endeavour's Cebada mine, discovered a new zone of alteration with coincident gold and silver geochemical anomalies. This new discovery possibly represents another ore shoot on the Veta Madre which has never been drilled.
In Guanacevi, drilling proposed for the San Pedro area will test both high grade veins as well as moderate grade mantos and one larger stock-work zone of silver-lead-zinc mineralization, all within an area measuring more than 1.5 kilometers (0.9 miles) in length and 500 meters (1,600 feet) across. Mineralized zones are mainly comprised of narrow veinlets of quartz, carbonate and adularia with sphalerite, galena and pyrite hosted in Tertiary-age volcaniclastic andesite.
The Phase 2 exploration program will then focus on expanding the highest priority discovery areas in order to prepare them for an updated reserve/resource report at year-end.
12
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
FINANCIAL RESULTS
Review of Consolidated Financial Results
Three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008
For the three months ended March 31, 2009, the Company realized Mine Operating Earnings of $0.3 million (2008 – $2.6 million) from its mining and milling operations on sales of $8.5 million (2008 - $10.7 million) with cost of sales of $5.9 million (2008 - $6.6 million) and depreciation and depletion $2.3 million (2008 - $1.5 million).
The Operating Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $1.2 million (2008 - $1.8 million) after Exploration costs of $0.2 million (2008 - $2.0 million), General and Administrative costs of $1.1 million (2008 - $1.4 million), Accretion of Convertible Debentures of $0.1 (2008 – Nil) and Stock Based Compensation costs of $0.1 million (2008 - $1.0 million).
The Loss Before Taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $1.9 million (2008 - $1.4 million) after Foreign Exchange Loss of $0.9 million (2008 – $0.5 million) and Investment and Other Income of $0.2 million (2008 - $0.1 million). During the period in 2008 there was also a realized Gain on Marketable Securities of $0.8 million. The Company incurred a Net Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2009 of $1.8 million (2008 - $2.4) after an Income Tax Recovery of $0.1 million (2008 – Income Tax Provision of $0.6 million).
Sales were $8.5 million for the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of 21% over the sales of $10.7 million for the first quarter of 2008, although there was an increase in production. The decrease in sales is due the delay in the sales of finished goods at the end of the period which is reflected by an increase in Inventories and due to the decrease in the silver price realized during the period. Cost of sales for the quarter was $5.9 million, a decrease of 11% over the cost of sales of $6.6 million for Q1 2008. The decrease in the cost of sales is a result of the cost cutting measures that were implemented in the last quarter of 2008 and increased efficiencies as the mine rehabilitation projects were completed. Furthermore, the Mexican Peso depreciated significantly against the US Dollar since the first quarter of 2008 decreasing the reporting currency costs on approximately 70% of the cost of sales. Depreciation, depletion and accretion was $2.3 million, an increase of 53% as compared to Q1 2008, primarily due to the reduction in the reported proven and probable ounces, which is used to deplete mine assets on a unit of production basis.
Exploration expenses decreased to $0.2 million in Q1 2009 from $2.1 million in Q1 2008 as the Company has reduced the exploration activity to conserve cash and focus on mine capital expenditures. General and Administrative expenses decreased by 21% to $1.1 million in Q1 2009 as compared to $1.4 million in Q1 2008 primarily as the Canadian Dollar depreciated slightly against the US Dollar decreasing the reporting currency costs.
The Company experienced a foreign exchange loss during Q1 2009 of $0.9 million as compared to a foreign exchange loss of $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2008. In the first quarter of 2009 there was a weakening of the Canadian dollar and the Mexican Peso to the US dollar while, the Company held both Canadian dollars and Mexican Peso during this period. Investment and other income increased from $0.1 in Q1 2008 to $0.2 million in Q1 2009. During the quarter there was an income tax recovery of $0.1 million for Q1 2009, as compared to an income tax provision of $0.6 million for Q1, 2008, primarily due to more effective tax planning.
At March 31, 2009 the Company held restructured Asset Backed Commercial Paper Notes that were obtained in February from the restructuring of Canadian Asset Backed Commercial Paper “ABCP”. The ABCP was purchased in a Canaccord Capital account in August 2007 with a par value $5.2 million. At the dates at which we acquired the investments, the non-bank sponsored ABCP was rated RI (High) by Dominion Bond Rating Services (“DBRS”), the highest credit rating issued for commercial paper. In August 2007, the ABCP market experienced liquidity problems and was subsequently frozen.
13
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Summary of Quarterly Results
| Dec 31, 2009 | Dec. 31, 2008 | Dec 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in US$000s | Period End | Period End | Period End | |||||||||||||||||||||
| except per share amounts) | Mar 31 | Dec 31 | Sep 30 | Jun 30 | Mar 31 | Dec 31 | Sep 30 | Jun 30 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues | $ | 8,487 | $ | 7,900 | $ | 10,613 | $ | 10,060 | $ | 10,729 | $ | 11,018 | $ | 7,686 | $ | 6,385 | ||||||||
| Cost of Sales | $ | 5,883 | $ | 7,226 | $ | 7,648 | $ | 6,361 | $ | 6,567 | $ | 8,804 | $ | 6,872 | $ | 5,092 | ||||||||
| Depreciation, Depletion & Accretion | $ | 2,290 | $ | 2,551 | $ | 2,558 | $ | 1,769 | $ | 1,505 | $ | 1,493 | $ | 1,621 | $ | 609 | ||||||||
| Mine Operating Earnings / (Loss)* | $ | 314 | $ | (1,877 | ) | $ | 407 | $ | 1,930 | $ | 2,657 | $ | 721 | $ | (807 | ) | $ | 684 | ||||||
| Net income (loss): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (i) Total | $ | (1,740 | ) | $ | (5,149 | ) | $ | (7,427 | ) | $ | (3,417 | ) | $ | (2,011 | ) | $ | (4,237 | ) | $ | (3,651 | ) | $ | (2,076 | ) |
| (ii) Basic per share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.15 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) |
| (iii) Diluted per share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.15 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) |
| * Earnings from mine operations is a non-GAAP measure used by the Company as a measure of operating performance |
Quarterly Trends and Analysis
In the 2nd Quarter of 2007 production and revenue were adversely impacted by the processing of lower head grade ore from Guanacevi partially offset by the initial contribution of Guanajuato. The higher loss for the 2nd Quarter 2007 reflects lower earnings from Mine Operations, Exploration costs and the required costing of non-cash Stock Based Compensation.
In the 3rd Quarter of 2007 sales were higher from higher metal production partially offset by lower realized metal prices. The higher loss in the 3rd Quarter 2007 reflects higher Mine Operating costs and increased Depreciation.
In the 4th Quarter of 2007 the Company realized higher production and revenue due to higher grade ore processed during the quarter and a higher silver price. The higher loss for the 4th Quarter 2007 reflects additional exploration and labour costs.
In the 1st Quarter of 2008 production decreased because Guanajuato reduced output in order to facilitate the mine and shaft safety upgrades to meet North American standards. The decreased production was partly offset by higher silver prices, which surged to more than $20 per ounce in March, averaging $17.68 during the quarter. The decreased costs were a function of decreased production activity during the Guanajuato rehabilitation and safety programs.
In the 2nd Quarter of 2008 the ramp up of Guanacevi capital expansion program, including mine development reduced the production for the quarter, while Guanajuato production ramped up in June resulting in consistent production and costs quarter over quarter
In the 3rd Quarter of 2008 production increased primarily due to the ramp up of production at Guanajuato, partially offsetting the slide in silver prices which began in August. Costs increased due to the ramp up of Guanajuato operations and improved employee production bonuses which were magnified by the slight appreciation of the Mexican Peso during the quarter until late September when the Peso began its significant fall.
In the 4th Quarter of 2008 the Company realized higher production output due to improved grades and recoveries at Guanacevi and greater output at Guanajuato. However the production increase was significantly offset by the drop in the silver price during the fourth quarter. The decrease in production costs is attributed to the significant depreciation of the Mexican peso. The Company’s largest production cost is labour, therefore any change in the valuation of the local currency directly impacts our production costs. Subsequent to December 31, 2008, the Mexican Peso continued its depreciation against the US dollar, further reducing the US dollar production costs of both mines.
14
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
In the 1st Quarter of 2009, the Company’s decrease in production was offset by improved silver and gold prices compared to prior quarter. The Company’s operating costs continued to benefit from the depreciation of the Mexican Peso against the US dollar, while General and Administrative costs incurred also benefited from the slumping Canadian dollar.
Transactions with Related Parties
The Company shares common administrative services and office space with Canarc Resource Corp., Caza Gold Corp., and Aztec Metals Corp. (“Aztec”), related party companies, and from time to time will incur third-party costs on behalf of the related parties on a full cost recovery basis. The Company has $48,000 receivable related to administration costs outstanding as of March 31, 2009. (December 31, 2008 – $21,000).
During the three months ended March 31, 2009, the Company has paid $22,000 for legal services to Koffman Kalef LLP, a firm in which the Company’s Corporate Secretary is a partner.
The Company has $98,000 receivable from Aztec related to 2008 property tax payments and the initial Rio Chico option payment outstanding as of March 31, 2009. The Company agreed to accept common shares of Aztec Metals Corp. in lieu of cash for the outstanding receivable.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The cash and cash equivalents balance increased by $4.2 million from $3.6 million at December 31, 2008 to $7.8 million at March 31, 2009 and the Company had working capital of $15.7 million at March 31, 2009 (December 31, 2008 - $7.7 million). Cash and cash equivalents increased for the period by $4.2 million primarily due to the net proceeds from the issuance of convertible debentures cash of $10.3 million less $3.6 million used for operations and $2.5 million used for capital investments made in property, plant and equipment. The increase in working capital of $8.0 million is a result of the increase in cash and cash equivalents of $4.2 million, the increase in accounts receivable of $2.8 million, the increase in inventory of $0.6 and the decrease in accounts payable of $0.3 million.
Operating activities used $3.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to providing $0.6 million during the same period in 2008. The major non-cash adjustments on the recorded loss of $1.8 million were non-cash charges for depreciation, depletion and accretion of $2.3 million, stock-based compensation of $0.1 million, a future income tax recovery of $0.5 million and an unrealized foreign exchange gain of $0.1 million and an increase in non-cash working capital $3.6 million. The increase in non-cash working capital is primarily due to increased trade receivables and inventories as a result of a strike of the precious metals division of Met-Mex Penoles SA de CV. It was necessary for the Company to make alternate arrangements for the refining and sales of its dore with different shipping and settlement schedules.
Investing activities during the three months used $2.5 million as compared to $2.4 million in 2008. The investments in property, plant and equipment was $2.5 million compared to $3.9 million for the same period in 2008. There has been no investing activities related to marketable securities during the current period as compared to proceeds from sales of $2.5 million and investments made of $1.0 million in the same period of 2008.
Financing activities during the quarter generated $10.2 million as compared to $32,000 during the same period in 2008. In February 2009, the Company completed a convertible debt financing for $10.3 million of five year 10% subordinated unsecured convertible redeemable debentures.
As at March 31, 2009, the Company’s issued share capital was $89.8 million representing 51,537,018 common shares compared to $87.5 million representing 49,080,478 common shares at December 31, 2008. Of the 2,456,540 commons shares issued during the period, 2,311,540 were issued upon conversion of special warrants and 145,000 were issued upon stock option exercises.
15
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
In December 2008, the Company completed a brokered and non brokered private placements of special warrants for 2,311,540 units at CAN$1.30 per unit for gross proceeds of CAN$3.0 million. Each special warrant is exercisable into a unit comprised of one common share and one-half of a common share purchase warrant. Each whole share purchase warrant is exercisable to purchase one common share at an exercise price of CAN$1.90 until February 25, 2014. The agents received a cash commission of 6% totalling $0.1 million and 131,792 agents’ share purchase warrants at an exercise price of CAN$1.51 until February 25, 2014. The warrants issued to the agents have a deemed fair value of $0.1 million and have been recorded in share capital on a net basis. The special warrants are classified as a separate equity component at December 31, 2008 as the Company had not yet received final approval from the provincial securities regulator on the final prospectus. This was subsequently received on February 24, 2009 and the special warrants were exercised into units as described above.
As at March 31, 2009, the Company had 4,513,400 options to purchase common shares outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of CAN$3.37 and had 2,181,976 share purchase warrants outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of CAN$2.293.
The company invested $2.5 million in property, plant and equipment during the three ended March 31, 2009 with the majority of the expenditures at Guanacevi. Approximately $2.0 million was spent at Guanacevi with $1.6 million on mine development, $0.3 million spent on mine equipment and $0.1 million office equipment. $0.5 million was spent at Guanajuato with $0.2 million on mine development and $0.3 million spent on mine equipment.
The Company has incurred significant operating losses to date. Management recognizes that the Company will need to generate additional financing resources in order to meet its planned business objectives in the near and long term. The Company has historically financed its activities principally by the sale of equity securities. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company’s ability to raise equity financing, debt financing or the attainment of profitable operations.
In February 2009, management completed a convertible debt financing for approximately CAN $14 million of five year 10% subordinated unsecured convertible redeemable debentures (See page 19 for further discussion). Management continues to pursue alternatives to improve the financial position of the Company to remain as a going concern through 2009.
Management acknowledges the recent volatility in gold and silver prices and the unprecedented disruptions in the current credit and financial markets. The poor conditions in the US housing market and credit quality of mortgage backed securities have continued and worsened, causing a loss of confidence in the broader U.S. and global credit and financial markets and resulting in the collapse of, and governmental intervention in, major banks, financial institutions and insurers. This has created a climate of greater volatility, less liquidity, widening of credit spreads, a lack of price transparency, increased credit losses and tighter credit conditions. These disruptions could, among other things, make it more difficult for the Company to obtain, or increase the cost of obtaining, capital and financing for operations should it be considered necessary. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to obtain adequate additional financing and/or achieve profitability or positive cash flows. Furthermore, failure to continue as a going concern would require that the Company’s assets and liabilities be restated on a liquidation basis which would differ significantly from the going concern basis.
Capital Requirements
The Company plans to invest $16.8 million in capital projects in 2009, with the focus once again on Guanacevi. At Guanacevi $8.5 million will be invested in further mine development, $4.9 million on related mining equipment and facilities and a further $1.5 million on increasing the size of the tailings facility. At Guanajuato $1.5 million will be invested to develop some of the newly discovered mineralized zones and $0.4 million will be incurred to expand the plant to 600 tonnes per day.
16
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The mine development at Guanacevi will increase the access to the Porvenir North area of the ore body and provide access to Alex Breccia, Santa Cruz and Porvenir Dos ore bodies. This will allow the operation to have a large selection of stopes to expand the daily tonnage sent to the mill, improve management of cash flows and capitalize on the volatility of precious metal prices.
The Company plans to meet capital requirements with mine operating cash flows and proceeds from the convertible debt issued in February 2009. Management continues to pursue alternatives to improve the financial position of the Company and ensure there are adequate resources to meet ongoing capital requirements.
Financial Instruments and Other Instruments
Financial Assets and Liabilities
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, marketable securities, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, convertible debt and restructured ABCP Notes. Cash and cash equivalents are designated as held for trading and therefore carried at fair value, with the unrealized gain or loss recorded in income. Marketable securities are available for sale with the unrealized gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income. The restructured ABCP Notes are designated as available for sale with unrealized gains or loss recorded in other comprehensive income, unless determined to be other than temporary. The liability component of the convertible debentures are designated as other financial liabilities and were initially recognized at fair value with subsequent measurements at amortized cost. Accretion and Interest expense are expensed as incurred. Interest income and expense are both recorded in income.
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate carrying value because of the short term nature of these instruments. The fair value of the restructured ABCP Notes are determined by discounting the stream of future payment at the estimated prevailing market rates. There are no significant differences between the carrying values and the fair values of any financial assets or liabilities.
Financial Instrument Risk Exposure and Risk Management
The Company is exposed in varying degrees to a variety of financial instrument related risks. The Board approves and monitors the risk management process. The types of risk exposure and the way in which such exposure is managed is provided as follows:
Credit Risk
The Company is exposed to credit risk on its bank accounts, trade receivable and IVA receivable. Credit risk exposure on bank accounts is limited through maintaining its cash and equivalents with high-credit quality financial institutions, maintaining investment policy, assessing institutional exposure and continual discussion with external advisors. Trade receivables are generated on the sale of silver to a large Mexican refiner and to a metal traders which the Company has deemed to have a high credit rating. IVA receivables are generated on the purchase of supplies and services to produce silver which are refundable from the Mexican government.
Liquidity Risk
The Company ensures that there is sufficient capital in order to meet short term business requirements. After taking into account the Company’s holdings of cash equivalents, marketable securities and receivables the Company believes that these sources will be sufficient to cover the likely short term cash requirements and commitments.
Market Risk
The significant market risk exposures to which the Company is subject are foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk.
17
| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Foreign Currency Risk
The Company’s operations in Mexico and Canada make it subject to foreign currency fluctuations. The Company’s operating expenses are primarily incurred in Mexican Pesos and Canadian dollars, and the fluctuation of the US dollar in relation to these currencies will consequently have an impact upon the profitability of the Company and may also affect the value of the Company’s assets and the amount of shareholders’ equity. The Company has not entered into any agreements or purchased any instruments to hedge possible currency risks.
Interest Rate Risk
In respect of financial assets, the Company’s policy is to invest cash at floating rates of interest and cash reserves are to be maintained in cash equivalents in order to maintain liquidity. Fluctuations in interest rates impact the value of cash equivalents. Our convertible debentures have a fixed interest rate and are not exposed to interest rate risk.
Commodity Price Risk
The value of the Company’s mineral resource properties is related to the price of silver and gold and the outlook for these minerals. Silver and gold prices have historically fluctuated widely and are affected by numerous factors outside of the Company’s control, including, but not limited to, industrial and retail demand, central bank lending, forward sales by producers and speculators, levels of worldwide production, short-term changes in supply and demand because of speculative hedging activities, and certain other factors. The Company has elected not to actively manage our commodity risk at this time.
The Company does not currently use derivative or hedging instruments to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or commodity prices.
Asset Backed Commercial Paper
At March 31, 2009 the Company held restructured Canadian Asset Backed Commercial Paper Notes that were obtained in February from the restructuring of Canadian Asset Backed Commercial Paper “ABCP”. The ABCP was purchased in a Canaccord Capital account in August 2007 with a par value $5.2 million. At the dates at which we acquired the investments, the non-bank sponsored ABCP was rated RI (High) by Dominion Bond Rating Services (“DBRS”), the highest credit rating issued for commercial paper. In August 2007, the ABCP market experienced liquidity problems and was subsequently frozen.
In September 2007, a Pan-Canadian Committee (the “Committee”) consisting of a panel of major ABCP investors was formed to restructure the affected ABCP trusts.
On March 20, 2008 the Committee issued an information statement which provided details of the restructuring plan. The proposed restructuring plan (the “Restructuring Plan”) was submitted under the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act and approved by the majority of noteholders on April 25, 2008. The Restructuring Plan was sanctioned by the Ontario Superior Court on June 5, 2008. The Supreme Court of Canada denied an appeal by noteholders seeking relief thereby allowing the implementation of the Restructuring Plan January 19, 2009.
The Company assessed the estimated fair value of our restructured ABCP Notes and based on the available information regarding current market conditions, the underlying assets and the indicative values contained in the report issued by JP Morgan, we recorded an impairment of $2.6 million in 2008.. There is a significant amount of uncertainty in estimating the amount of timing of cash flows associated with the ABCP. The Company estimated the fair value by using a basic discounted cash flow model assuming principal is repaid between 2013 and 2016 using a 12% discount rate. This resulted in an estimated fair value of CAN$2.6 million as at December 31, 2008.
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The Company updated the valuation model to reflect the notes that were distributed as a result of the restructuring. The restructuring plan was executed as follows:
The creation of three master asset vehicles (MAV). | |||
Within each MAV, the issuance of 5 different series of notes: | |||
o | Class A-1 Notes will be the senior notes, with the other series of Notes subordinated to them. Class A-1 Notes are expected to receive AA ratings, have maturities from 6 to 8 years and a coupon rate of Bankers Acceptance (“BA”) Rate less 0.5%. | ||
o | Class A-2 Notes will be senior to the Class B Notes, C Notes and IA Tracking Notes. Class A-2 Notes are expected to receive AA ratings, have maturity of 8 years and a coupon rate of BA Rate less 0.5% | ||
o | Class B Notes will be senior to the Class C Notes and IA Tracking Notes. Class B Notes will not be rated and are expected to have a maturity of 8 years and a coupon rate BA Rate of less 0.5% | ||
o | Class C Notes will be senior to the IA Tracking Notes. Class C Notes will not be rated and are expected to have a maturity of 8 years and a coupon rate of 20%. It was stated by JP Morgan the Class C Notes that “investors” should expect return closer to BA Rate less 0.5%. | ||
o | IA Tracking Notes will not be rated. IA Tracking Notes are expected to have a maturity of 8 years and a coupon rate equivalent to the net rate of return generated by the specific underlying assets. | ||
There have been minimal market trades of the restructured Notes. The DBRS has an “A” rating for the Class A-1 Notes at this time. | |||
Based on the Restructuring Plan:
| CAN $3,229,000 of our investments were replaced with Class A-1 Notes | ||
| CAN $1,093,000 of our investments were replaced with Class A-2 Notes | ||
| CAN $ 198,000 of our investments were replaced with Class B Notes | ||
| CAN $ 140,000 of our investments were replaced with Class C Notes | ||
| CAN $ 464,000 of our investments were replaced with IA Tracking Notes |
The Notes were recorded at their estimated fair value of CAN $2.6 million, resulting in no gain or loss on implementation of the restructuring. There continues to be uncertainly surrounding the interest payments receivable, though the Company did receive $149 in the period in accordance with the terms of the notes.
Convertible Debentures
In February 2009, the Company issued CAN $14 million in 10% subordinated unsecured convertible redeemable debentures (the “Debentures”) maturing February 2014. The interest is 10% annually, paid quarterly in arrears. At any time, each Debenture may be converted by the holder into one unit consisting of one of the Company’s common shares and one half of a common share purchase warrant at an initial conversion rate of 526.3 units for each CAN $1,000 Debenture, representing an initial conversion price of CAN $1.90 per unit. Additional units may become issuable following the occurrence of certain corporate acts or events. Each full share purchase warrant will entitle the holder to purchase one common share at an exercise price of CAN $2.05. A total of 7,364,737 common shares are issuable upon conversion. Subsequent to July 26, 2010, each Debenture can be redeemed by the Company for cash, plus a redemption fee of 7%, provided the closing share price is greater than CAN $2.85.
The liability component of the Debentures are designated as other financial liabilities. The related transaction costs are allocated on a proportional basis. The transaction costs associated with the liability portion of the Debentures are deferred over the expected life.
The face value of the Debentures has been allocated as follows for accounting purposes:
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
| CAN $ | US $ | ||||||
| Allocation of gross proceeds | |||||||
| Gross Proceeds | $ | 13,993 | $ | 11,225 | |||
| Fair value of liability portion | 10,492 | 8,417 | |||||
| Fair value of equity portion | 3,501 | 2,808 | |||||
| Liability portion of convertible debentures | |||||||
| Opening balance | - | - | |||||
| Fair value of debt component | 10,492 | 8,417 | |||||
| Issuance costs | (1,466 | ) | (1,176 | ) | |||
| Accretion expense | 184 | 147 | |||||
| Interest accrued | (126 | ) | (101 | ) | |||
| Interest paid | - | - | |||||
| Foreign exchange gain/(loss) on revaluation | - | (24 | ) | ||||
| Closing balance of liability portion | 9,084 | 7,263 | |||||
| Equity portion of convertible debentures | |||||||
| Opening balance | - | - | |||||
| Fair value of equity portion | 3,501 | 2,808 | |||||
| Issuance costs | (489 | ) | (392 | ) | |||
| Closing balance of equity portion | 3,012 | 2,416 |
The fair value of the liability portion of the Debentures at initial recognition was estimated using a discounted cash flow method, with the Company’s incremental borrowing rate to be 18%. The fair value of the equity component was estimated using the residual value method. The Company has determined that its cash redemption has no material value. The liability portion of the Debentures is accreted over an expected life of 5 years using the effective interest method. Total financing fees associated with the transaction were $1,568, which were allocated on a proportional basis between the liability component ($1,176), equity component ($392).The Company paid $1,102 and issued 644,414 share purchase warrants exercisable at CAN$ 1.90 for five years with an estimated value of $466. The agent warrants were valued using Black-Scholes valuation technique with an expected life of 5 years and a volatility of 73%.
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
Contractual Obligations
The Company had the following contractual obligations at March 31, 2009:
Payments due by period (in thousands of dollars)
| Contractual Obligations | Total | Less than 1 year | 1 – 3 years | 3 – 5 years | More than 5 years | ||||||||||
| Operating Lease | $ | 584 | $ | 212 | $ | 372 | - | - | |||||||
| Other Long-Term Liabilities | $ | 1,485 | - | - | $ | 549 | $ | 936 | |||||||
| Total | $ | 2,069 | $ | 212 | $ | 372 | $ | 549 | $ | 936 |
Outstanding Share Data
As of May 11, 2009, the Company had the following items issued and outstanding:
- 51,943,072 common shares
- 4,243,400 options to purchase common shares with a weighted average exercise price of CAD$3.48 expiring between February 1, 2010 and June 14, 2017.
- 2,181,976 share purchase warrants with a weighted average exercise price of CAD$2.29 expiring between May 30, 2009 and February 26, 2014.
- CAN$ 13,993,000 of five year 10% subordinated unsecured convertible redeemable debentures with an exercise price of $1.90 per share.
The Company considers the items included in the consolidated statement of shareholders’ equity as capital. The Company’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may issue new shares through private placements, convertible debentures, asset acquisitions or return capital to shareholders. The Company is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements.
OUTLOOK
Endeavour anticipates that the main business themes affecting the silver mining business in Q1, 2009 will largely continue in Q2, 2009. The global financial crisis appears to have peaked late last year, global economic recession was the new reality in Q1, 2009, but stock markets are on the rebound thanks to announcements of massive government economic stimulus programs and precious metal prices have risen sharply from their lows late last year.
In Q2, 2009, precious metal prices should continue to show strength, both as a safe haven for cash in a time of financial distress as well as a hedge against inflation as governments print new money to fund their economic stimulus programs. Silver and gold prices often reach seasonal peaks in Q1/Q2 and 2009 should be no exception.
The Mexican economy has been negatively impacted in recent months by both the government “war on drugs” and by the recent influenza epidemic. However, neither of these issues have had, nor should they have, any material impact on Endeavour’s silver mining operations.
As forecast, Endeavour expects silver production in Q2, 2009 to be similar to Q1, 2009 while the operating teams at both producing silver mines remain focused on their underground development programs. However, silver production is scheduled to increase substantially in Q3 and Q4 of 2009, as the three new mines at Guanacevi and two new mines at Guanajuato now under development enter into production in the second half of this year.
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The new Alex Breccia mine at Guanacevi and the new Lucero mine at Guanajuato should both achieve expanded production this quarter (both have been sending development muck to their plants since January). As a result, Endeavour expects to re-commission the flotation circuit at the Guanacevi plant in order to process the Alex Breccia silver-gold-lead-zinc ores at a rate of 80 tonnes per day by the end of the second quarter.
In Q2, 2009, Endeavour will commence a two-phase exploration drilling program focused on following up several of the new discoveries made last year near Endeavour's two mining operations, at Guanacevi in Durango State and Guanajuato in Guanajuato State, and testing several new prospective targets within those two districts.
In Guanacevi, drilling in the San Pedro area will test high grade veins, moderate grade mantos and one larger stock-work zone of silver-lead-zinc mineralization, all within an area measuring more than 1.5 kilometers in length by 500 meters across. In Guanajuato, drilling will try to extend the Bolanitos, San Jose and Lucero vein mineralization to the south where they still remain open, as well as a new zone of alteration with coincident gold and silver geochemical anomalies north of the Cebada mine.
Endeavour continues to make progress on acquiring old mine properties with exploration potential within the Guanacevi and Guanajuato districts, and the Company remains in acquisition mode in Q2, 2009 evaluating a number of larger M&A opportunities.
CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES & CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Changes in Accounting Policies
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted a new accounting standard that was issued by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants: Handbook Section 3604,Goodwill and intangible assets, which replaces section 3062, Goodwill and intangible assets and Section 3450, Research and Development Costs, establishes a standard for recognition, measurement and disclosure of goodwill and intangible assets. There is no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires the Company to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas requiring the use of estimates relate to the determination of mineralized reserves, valuation of asset back commercial paper, impairment of long-lived assets, determination of asset retirement obligations, valuation allowances for future income taxes and assumptions used in determining the fair value of non-cash based compensation.
Mineralized reserves and impairment on long lived assets
Management periodically reviews the carrying value of its mineral properties with internal and external mining related professionals. A decision to abandon, reduce or expand a specific project is based upon many factors including general and specific assessments of reserves, anticipated future prices, anticipated future costs of exploring, developing and operating a producing mine, expiration term and ongoing expense of maintaining leased mineral properties and the period for properties with unproven reserves. However, properties which have not demonstrated suitable mineral concentrations at the conclusion of each phase of an exploration program are reevaluated to determine if future exploration is warranted and their carrying values are appropriate.
If an area of interest is abandoned or it is determined that its carrying value cannot be supported by future production or sale, the related costs are charged against operations in the period of abandonment or determination that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. The amounts recorded as mineral properties represent costs incurred to date and do not necessarily reflect present or future values.
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
The accumulated costs of mineral properties that are developed to the stage of commercial production are amortized using the units of production basis using proven and probable reserves (as defined by National Instrument 43-101). Plant and equipment are recorded at cost and are amortized using the straight-line method at rates varying from 5% to 30% annually.
Asset retirement obligations
Reclamation and closure costs have been estimated based on the Company’s interpretation of current regulatory requirements, however changes in regulatory requirements and new information may result in revisions to estimates. The Company recognized the present value of liabilities for reclamation and closure costs in the period in which they are incurred. These obligations are measured initially at fair value and the resulting costs capitalized to the carrying value of the related asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is adjusted for any changes in the amount or timing and for the accretion of discounted underlying future cash flows. The capitalized asset retirement cost is amortized to operations over the life of the asset.
Convertible Debt
We follow accounting guidelines in determining the value of the liability and equity components of the convertible notes, as disclosed in Note 5 to the interim Financial Statements. The carrying value of the liability component was determined by discounting the stream of future payments of interest and principal over a 5 year expected life at the estimated market rate for a similar liability without the conversion feature. The carrying value of the equity component was measured as the face value of the notes less the portion relating to the debt component.
Future income taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, future tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and losses carried forward. Future tax assets and liabilities are measured using substantively enacted or enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on future tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the substantive enactment date. Future tax assets are recognized to the extent that they are considered more likely than not to be realized. The valuation of future income tax assets is adjusted, if necessary, by the use of a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated realizable amount. The future income tax provision also incorporates management’s estimates regarding the utilization of tax loss carry forwards, which are dependent on future operating performance and transactions.
Stock-based compensation
The Company has a share option plan which is described in Note 9 (d) of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company records all stock-based compensation for options using the fair value method. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with expected volatility based on historical volatility of our stock. We use historical data to estimate the term of the option and the risk free rate for the expected term of the option is based on the Government of Canada yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.
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| ENDEAVOUR SILVER CORP. | |
| Management’s Discussion and Analysis | |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |
| (Expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted) | Date of Preparation: May 11, 2009 |
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
During Q1 2009 there have been no changes that occurred that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS
On February 13, 2008, the Canadian Accounting Standards Board confirmed that publicly accountable enterprises will be required to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) in place of Canadian GAAP for interim and annual reporting purposes for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. At this time, the impact on our future financial position and results of operations is being assessed. The Company has and continues to provide training seminars to its accounting staff and has hired additional accounting staff to assist with the assessment of its current accounting policies, systems and processes in order to identify differences between current Canadian GAAP and IFRS GAAP treatment. The Company intends to update the critical accounting policies and procedures to incorporate the changes required by converting to IFRS and the impact of these changes on its financial disclosure. Regular reporting will occur to senior executive management and to the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
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