Debt | 5. Debt 2020 Convertible Notes On February 23, 2015, the Company issued an aggregate of $20,000 of the 2020 Convertible Notes pursuant to its IPO. On March 24, 2015, the Company issued an additional $1,000 of 2020 Convertible Notes pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’ overallotment option. The 2020 Convertible Notes had a maturity date of February 15, 2020 (“Maturity Date”), were unsecured and accrued interest at a rate of 5.0% per annum, payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year. In connection with the issuance of the 2020 Convertible Notes, the Company incurred $2,097 of financing costs which were recorded in other assets on the balance sheet. Each holder of a 2020 Convertible Note (the “Holder”), had the option to convert all or any portion of such note at an initial conversion rate of 158.7302 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1 principal amount of 2020 Convertible Notes (the “Conversion Rate”). The Conversion Rate was subject to adjustment from time to time upon the occurrence of certain events, including the issuance of stock dividends and payment of cash dividends. For any conversion that occurred on or after July 23, 2015, the Company would, in addition to the other consideration payable, make an interest make-whole payment (the “Interest Make-Whole Payment”) to such converting Holder equal to the sum of the present values of the scheduled payments of interest that would have been made on the 2020 Convertible Notes to be converted had such notes remained outstanding from the date of the conversion (the “Conversion Date”) through the earlier of (i) the date that is three years after the Conversion Date and (ii) the Maturity Date, if the 2020 Convertible Notes had not been so converted or otherwise repurchased. Present values for the Interest Make-Whole Payment would be calculated using a discount rate equal to 2%. The Company could satisfy its obligation to pay any Interest Make-Whole Payment, at its election, in cash, shares of common stock or a combination thereof. The 2020 Convertible Notes were convertible, at the holder’s option, upon a fundamental change (“Fundamental Change”), as defined in the Indenture (“Indenture”). If a holder elected to convert its notes upon a Fundamental Change, the Company would increase the Conversion Rate for the 2020 Convertible Notes so surrendered for conversion by a number of additional shares of common stock by which the Conversion Rate would have increased per $1 principal amount of notes for each stock price and make-whole Fundamental Change effective date as set forth in the Indenture. The additional shares ranged from 7.9364 to 0. Upon a Fundamental Change, each Holder would have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all of such Holder’s notes, or any portion thereof that is equal to $1 or an integral multiple of $1. The repurchase price of the 2020 Convertible Notes would equal 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. However, if the repurchase occurred after a regular record date for an interest payment, but before the distribution date of that interest payment, the Holder receive the regular interest payment and the repurchase price would equal 100% of the principal amount of the 2020 Convertible Notes to be repurchased. The 2020 Convertible Notes were redeemable at the holder’s option upon an event of default (“Event of Default”). If an Event of Default (other than certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization involving the Company) occurred and was continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding notes by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, could declare 100% of the principal and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all of the 2020 Convertible Notes to be due and payable immediately. Upon the occurrence of certain Events of Default relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization involving the Company, 100% of the principal and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all of the 2020 Convertible Notes would become due and payable automatically. The Indenture provided that, to the extent the Company elected and for up to 180 days, the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by the Company to comply with certain reporting covenants in the Indenture, consisted exclusively of the right to receive additional interest (“Additional Interest”) on the 2020 Convertible Notes. The Additional Interest consisted of interest at an additional rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days after the Event of Default. For the 91st to 180th day after the Event of Default, the Additional Interest would consist of interest at an additional rate of 0.50% per annum. After 180 days, if the Event of Default was not cured or waived, the 2020 Convertible Notes were subject to acceleration as provided in Section 6.02 of the Indenture. The Company determined that the conversion option, Interest Make-Whole Payments and the Additional Interest were embedded derivatives that required bifurcation and separate accounting under FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging The Company estimated the fair value of the Additional Interest using an income approach, specifically, the risk-neutral debt valuation method that is used to derive the value of a debt instrument using the expected cash flows and the risk-free rate. The significant assumptions used in estimating the expected cash flows were: the market yield used to determine the risk-neutral probability of default and the expected recovery rate upon default. The Company recorded $11,850 as the fair value of the combined embedded derivative liability on February 23, 2015, with a corresponding amount recorded as a discount to the 2020 Convertible Notes, related to the initial issuance of the 2020 Convertible Notes. The Company recorded approximately $573 of additional derivative liability and discount to the 2020 Convertible Notes as the fair value of the combined embedded derivative on March 24, 2015, upon the issuance of additional 2020 Convertible Notes for the exercise of the underwriters’ overallotment option. The deferred financing costs and the debt discount were recorded in other assets and were being amortized to interest expense over the life of the 2020 Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. Changes in the fair value of the combined embedded derivative liability were recorded in earnings in the period in which the changes occurred. The change in the estimated fair value of the combined embedded derivative liability for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, was $1,859 and $3,856, respectively, and were recorded in earnings in the three and six months ended June 30, 2015. In July and August 2015, holders of all $21,000 principal amount of the 2020 Convertible Notes elected to convert the principal into 3,333,319 shares of common stock in accordance with the terms of the 2020 Convertible Notes. In addition, the Interest Make-Whole Payment was settled with shares of common stock, at the election of the Company, resulting in the issuance of 530,072 additional shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2015, all $21,000 of the 2020 Convertible Notes were extinguished. Interest expense related to the 2020 Convertible Notes for the three months ended June 30, 2015, was $565, including $44 related to amortization of the issuance costs and $259 related to amortization of the debt discount. Interest expense related to the 2020 Convertible Notes for the six months ended June 30, 2015, was $774, including $59 related to amortization of the issuance costs and $349 related to amortization of the debt discount. Convertible Bridge Notes In December 2014, the Company sold an aggregate of $2,000 of subordinated convertible promissory notes to existing stockholders (the “Convertible Bridge Notes”). The Convertible Bridge Notes were scheduled to mature on June 30, 2015 and accrued interest at the rate of 8% per annum and were subordinate to all other senior indebtedness of the Company. Upon the closing of an IPO of common stock of at least $40,000 in gross proceeds, all outstanding principal and accrued interest thereon would automatically convert into common stock at the IPO price. Pursuant to the IPO in February 2015, the Convertible Bridge Notes were converted into 337,932 shares of common stock based upon the IPO common share offering price of $6.00 per share. During the six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company reflected as interest expense related to the Convertible Bridge Notes (i) $23 related to the 8% coupon rate and (ii) $128 of amortization of the initial fair value of the redemption rights derivative and issuance costs. In connection with the conversion of the Convertible Bridge Notes into common stock, the Company recorded a (i) a $480 gain in change in fair value of the of the Convertible Bridge Notes redemption rights derivative from the write off of the derivative and (ii) a loss on extinguishment of debt of $360 from the acceleration of the unamortized balance of the debt discount and issuance costs. Notes Payable On June 28, 2013, the Company entered into two Loan and Security Agreements (the “Loan Agreements” or “Loans”) with two financial entities (the “Lenders”) pursuant to which the Company issued Loans for $3,500 to each lender and received proceeds of $6,915 net of costs and fees payable to the lenders. The Loans bore interest at a rate per annum of 11.0%. The Loans would mature on October 1, 2016 and required interest-only payments for the initial 12 months and thereafter required repayment of the principal balance with interest in 27 monthly installments. Also, upon full repayment or maturity of the Loans, the Lenders would be due a termination payment of 3.0% of the initial principal amount of the Loans, or $210 (the “Loan Termination Payment”). In connection with the Loan Agreements, the Company issued to the Lenders fully-vested warrants to purchase either, at the election of the warrant holder, (i) 228,906 shares of the Company’s Series AA preferred stock at an exercise price of $1.529 per share, or (ii) $350 of stock in the next round stock, as defined in the Loan Agreements, at a price that is the lowest effective price per share that is offered in the next round. The warrants expire on the earlier of (i) ten years after the date of grant, or (ii) immediately prior to an acquisition transaction, as defined in the warrants. The Company determined that the warrants should initially be classified as a liability based upon the nature of the underlying Series AA preferred stock. In connection with the Company’s IPO in February 2015, the Company exercised its right to terminate the Loan Agreements by paying the $5,347 principal balance due, the $210 Loan Termination Payment, a $160 prepayment fee calculated as 3% of the principal balance due at the time of the termination, plus $23 of interest accrued from February 1, 2015 through the payoff date. The Company made a scheduled principal payment of $243 in January 2015. For the six months ended June 30, 2015, interest expense related to the Loan Agreements was $115, including $26 related to accretion of the debt discount and termination payment. Additionally, in the six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company recorded a charge for loss on extinguishment of debt of $322 related to the write-off of the unamortized debt discount. Subsequent to the Company’s IPO, the warrants issued to the lenders became exercisable for 56,408 shares of common stock at $6.204 per share. The Company calculated the fair value of the warrants at the IPO date using a Black Scholes model using the following assumptions: a fair value of $6.00 per share (the IPO price of the Company’s common stock), 8.4 years to maturity, 1.70% risk-free rate, and 60% volatility. The Company determined the fair value of the warrant liability at the IPO date to be $215 and recorded a gain on change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $267 in the statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The Company determined that subsequent to this change, the warrants were exercisable at a fixed number of shares of common stock and qualified for equity classification under the accounting guidance, and the fair value of the $215 was reclassified to additional paid-in capital as of the IPO date. |