UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006
or
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-32340
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MARYLAND | | 34-1981408 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
350 SOUTH GRAND AVENUE, LOS ANGELES, CA | | 90071-3459 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip code) |
(323) 210-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Check one): Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
As of August 1, 2006, Registrant had 61,994,492 shares of common stock outstanding.
Item 1. Financial Statements
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | (Audited) | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | | | | | |
Unrestricted. | | $ | 50,017 | | | $ | 36,078 | | |
Restricted. | | 67,384 | | | 87,094 | | |
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market | | 607,037 | | | 951,177 | | |
Loans held for investment, net | | 3,398,074 | | | 4,085,536 | | |
Advances and other receivables, net | | 38,377 | | | 39,591 | | |
Deferred income taxes | | 28,829 | | | 28,489 | | |
Equipment and improvements, net | | 10,987 | | | 10,810 | | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | 47,556 | | | 30,713 | | |
Derivative financial instruments, at estimated fair value | | 42,927 | | | 58,147 | | |
Total assets | | $ | 4,291,188 | | | $ | 5,327,635 | | |
LIABILITIES | | | | | | | |
Financings on loans held for investment | | $ | 3,398,459 | | | $ | 3,623,188 | | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | 578,908 | | | 1,341,683 | | |
Borrowings | | — | | | 16,487 | | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | 50,017 | | | 54,300 | | |
Accrued dividends | | — | | | 21,584 | | |
Income taxes payable | | — | | | 889 | | |
Total liabilities | | 4,027,384 | | | 5,058,131 | | |
Commitments and contingencies | | | | | | | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 160,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding | | — | | | — | | |
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 61,965,141 shares and 61,828,340 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively | | 620 | | | 618 | | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 656,660 | | | 656,041 | | |
Retained deficit | | (393,476 | ) | | (387,155 | ) | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | 263,804 | | | 269,504 | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 4,291,188 | | | $ | 5,327,635 | | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Interest income | | $ | 106,112 | | $ | 74,943 | | $ | 218,157 | | $ | 128,595 | |
Interest expense | | 78,267 | | 46,446 | | 151,214 | | 58,362 | |
Net interest income | | 27,845 | | 28,497 | | 66,943 | | 70,233 | |
Provision for losses on loans held for investment | | 2,336 | | 11,865 | | 14,937 | | 18,365 | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | 25,509 | | 16,632 | | 52,006 | | 51,868 | |
Noninterest income: | | | | | | | | | |
Gain on sale of loans | | 22,538 | | 4,666 | | 28,533 | | 10,349 | |
Loan servicing | | 2,537 | | 1,364 | | 4,960 | | 2,404 | |
Total noninterest income | | 25,075 | | 6,030 | | 33,493 | | 12,753 | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses and noninterest income | | 50,584 | | 22,662 | | 85,499 | | 64,621 | |
Noninterest expense: | | | | | | | | | |
Personnel | | 21,570 | | 20,980 | | 46,461 | | 43,327 | |
Production | | 9,079 | | 8,577 | | 18,456 | | 17,377 | |
General and administrative | | 12,721 | | 15,015 | | 26,868 | | 25,828 | |
Total noninterest expense | | 43,370 | | 44,572 | | 91,785 | | 86,532 | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | 7,214 | | (21,910 | ) | (6,286 | ) | (21,911 | ) |
Income tax provision | | 40 | | 665 | | 57 | | 1,430 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 7,174 | | $ | (22,575 | ) | $ | (6,343 | ) | $ | (23,341) | |
Net income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Dividends per common share declared during the period | | $ | — | | $ | 0.27 | | $ | — | | $ | 0.27 | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | 62,560 | | 61,535 | | 62,547 | | 61,478 | |
Diluted | | 62,560 | | 61,535 | | 62,547 | | 61,478 | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| | | | Additional | | | | | |
| | Common | | Paid-in | | Retained | | | |
| | Stock | | Capital | | Deficit | | Total | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | $ | 618 | | | $ | 656,041 | | $ | (387,155 | ) | $ | 269,504 | |
Net loss | | | — | | | — | | (6,343 | ) | (6,343 | ) |
Conversion and cancellations of restricted stock units and awards | | | 2 | | | (205 | ) | — | | (203 | ) |
Stock-based compensation related to restricted stock awards | | | — | | | 824 | | — | | 824 | |
Dividend cancellation on restricted stock awards | | | — | | | — | | 22 | | 22 | |
Balance at June 30, 2006 | | | $ | 620 | | | $ | 656,660 | | $ | (393,476 | ) | $ | 263,804 | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (6,343 | ) | $ | (23,341 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | |
Provision for losses on loans held for investment | | 14,937 | | 18,365 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 1,989 | | 1,685 | |
Amortization of debt discount | | 4,822 | | 508 | |
Stock-based compensation | | 824 | | — | |
Deferred income taxes | | (340 | ) | — | |
Mark-to-market loss on derivative financial instruments | | 15,220 | | 1,963 | |
Loans held for sale: | | | | | |
Originations and purchases | | (2,760,794 | ) | (2,958,630 | ) |
Proceeds from sales | | 3,104,934 | | 3,063,102 | |
Net decrease in loans held for sale | | 344,140 | | 104,472 | |
Decrease (increase) in: | | | | | |
Advances and other receivables, net | | 1,214 | | (1,062 | ) |
Residual interests | | — | | 39,082 | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | (16,843 | ) | (7,057 | ) |
Derivative financial instruments | | — | | (19,199 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in: | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | (4,486 | ) | 5,886 | |
Income taxes payable | | (889 | ) | (1,089 | ) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 354,245 | | 120,213 | |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | | | | | |
Decrease (increase) in loans held for investment | | 672,525 | | (2,167,192 | ) |
Purchases of equipment and improvements | | (2,166 | ) | (1,970 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investment activities | | 670,359 | | (2,169,162 | ) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | |
Financings on loans held for investment: | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance | | 618,256 | | 2,004,376 | |
Repayments | | (847,807 | ) | — | |
Net (decrease) increase in revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | (762,775 | ) | 158,585 | |
Reduction in borrowings | | (16,487 | ) | (7,680 | ) |
Payment of common stock dividends | | (21,562 | ) | (20,932 | ) |
Payment of expenses related to equity issuance | | — | | (28 | ) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | | (1,030,375 | ) | 2,134,321 | |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | (5,771 | ) | 85,372 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 123,172 | | 37,780 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 117,401 | | $ | 123,152 | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
AAAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Recent Events
Merger of Aames and Accredited. On May 24, 2006, Aames Investment Corporation (“Aames Investment”), Accredited Home Lenders Holding Co. (“Accredited”), and AHL Acquisition, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accredited (“Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Aames Investment will be merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). In March 2006, Aames announced a corporate restructuring that would eliminate its REIT status at the parent company level and its taxable REIT subsidiary would become the parent company. After entering into the Merger Agreement, Aames determined that it would not pursue the restructuring strategy.
In connection with the pending merger transaction, Aames Investment has scheduled a Special Meeting of its stockholders on Thursday, September 14, 2006 at 9:00 a.m. Accredited filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, a Registration Statement on Form S-4 containing a Proxy Statement/Prospectus for the stockholders of Accredited and the stockholders of Aames Investment. The Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC on July 26, 2006. The final Proxy Statement/Prospectus was mailed to stockholders of Accredited and stockholders of Aames Investment on or about August 9, 2006.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, upon consummation of the Merger each Aames Investment stockholder will receive, in exchange for each share of Aames Investment common stock held by such stockholder, one of the following:
· cash in an amount equal to $51.94 (the closing price of Accredited’s common stock on May 24, 2006, the date of the Merger Agreement) multiplied by the exchange ratio (which is explained below), or
· a fraction of a share of Accredited common stock equal to the exchange ratio.
The exchange ratio was initially set at 0.1030. That means that on the day that the Merger Agreement was executed (and subject to the limitations described below) each share of Aames Investment common stock would have been converted into $5.35 in cash or a fraction of a share of Accredited common stock that had a value of $5.35 (based on the closing price of Accredited common stock on the day that the Merger Agreement was executed). However, the exchange ratio will be reduced by any dividends declared or paid by Aames Investment prior to the closing. The exchange ratio will be reduced by multiplying it by 1 minus a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of any dividends Aames Investment declares or pays prior to closing, and the denominator of which is approximately $340 million.
Under the Merger Agreement, Aames Investment is required to pay prior to closing a dividend in an amount equal to Aames Investment’s estimated 2006 REIT taxable income plus any other amounts that Aames Investment would need to distribute to qualify as a REIT for its final taxable year and to avoid to the extent reasonably possible the incurrence of income or excise tax. Aames Investment currently estimates that, if the closing were to occur on September 30, 2006, it would pay a dividend of approximately $30 million in the aggregate (or $0.48 per share) pursuant to this provision, although Aames Investment cannot provide any assurance as to the amount of any such dividend.
Aames Investment and Accredited have made customary representations, warranties and covenants to each other in the Merger Agreement. Each of Aames Investment and Accredited has agreed, among other
5
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
things, (i) to operate its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice and not to take certain actions specified in the Merger Agreement, (ii) to convene a special meeting of its stockholders to obtain requisite approvals of its stockholders in connection with the Merger and the Merger Agreement and (iii) subject to certain exceptions in the case of Aames Investment, to recommend approval of such matters to its stockholders. Aames Investment has also agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to solicit, negotiate, provide non-public information in furtherance of, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable an alternative acquisition proposal. Aames Investment will be required to pay dividends prior to the closing of the transaction to the extent necessary to maintain its status as a REIT.
Consummation of the Merger is subject to customary conditions, including the approval of the Merger by the holders of Aames Investment common stock, the approval of the issuance of shares of Accredited common stock in connection with the Merger by the holders of Accredited common stock, the absence of any law or order prohibiting the closing and the expiration or earlier termination of any required waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and the receipt of other governmental approvals. In addition, each party’s obligation to consummate the Merger is subject to (i) the material accuracy of the representations and warranties of the other party and (ii) material compliance of the other party with its covenants. Accredited’s obligation to consummate the Merger is also subject to the delivery of an opinion from counsel to Aames Investment with respect to Aames Investment’s status as a REIT.
The Merger Agreement contains customary termination rights for Aames Investment and Accredited, including, among others, the right of Aames Investment to terminate the Merger Agreement if it receives a superior proposal, subject to (i) Accredited’s right to match the superior proposal within three business days and (ii) payment to Accredited by Aames Investment of a $10.0 million termination fee. In addition, Aames Investment must pay Accredited a $10 million termination fee if the Merger is terminated:
· By either party, if Aames Investment does not obtain the stockholder approval required to approve the Merger, a proposal or intention to make a proposal for an alternative transaction has been made publicly prior to termination and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $6.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock.
· By Accredited,
· due to Aames Investment’s willful breach, a proposal or intention to make a proposal for an alternative transaction has been made publicly prior to termination and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $5.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock; or
· due to Aames Investment’s Board of Directors withdrawing or adversely modifying its recommendation for approval of the Merger and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $6.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock.
Sale of Aames’ Wholesale Operations to Accredited. On June 26, 2006, Aames Investment announced that its wholesale operations would be sold to Accredited for approximately $4.0 million plus the assumption of certain liabilities under an agreement dated June 23, 2006. The sale was completed in
6
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
July 2006. The sale was intended to reduce employee attrition and maximize the potential synergies from the combination of the Accredited and Aames Investment wholesale operations at the present time that would otherwise occur as part of the merger of Accredited and Aames Investment contemplated to occur in the third quarter of 2006.
As part of the sale, Accredited hired approximately 198 of Aames Investment’s wholesale sales and processing personnel, and assumed certain liabilities of the wholesale business, including the lease of Aames Investment’s Jacksonville, Florida, wholesale operations center.
The purchase of Aames Investment wholesale operation does not otherwise affect the Merger Agreement, or any of the terms under which Accredited will acquire Aames Investment, including the consideration to be paid to the Aames Investment stockholders for their common stock.
Note 2. General and Basis of Presentation
General. Aames Investment is a mortgage real estate investment trust, or REIT, which manages a portfolio of subprime residential mortgage loans. Since announcing the proposed merger with Accredited, we no longer retain mortgage loans for our REIT portfolio and sell all of our loan production in the secondary markets. Its principal subsidiary, Aames Financial, is a national mortgage banking company, started in 1954, which focuses primarily on originating, selling and servicing residential mortgage loans through its retail channel under the name “Aames Home Loan.” From 1996 through July 2006, Aames Financial also originated loans through its wholesale channel. Aames Investment, together with its subsidiaries, is collectively referred to as the “Company.”
Aames Investment is a Maryland corporation and was incorporated on February 24, 2004. On November 5, 2004, Aames Investment completed a $297.5 million initial public offering of 35.0 million common shares and a $39.5 million concurrent private placement of 5.0 million shares of common stock. Subsequently, on November 24, 2004, Aames Investment sold an additional 5.3 million shares of common stock in an over-allotment transaction. All of the common shares sold were priced at $8.50 per share, less certain discounts.
On November 9, 2004, Aames Investment completed its reorganization with Aames Financial Corporation, formerly Aames Investment’s parent company. The reorganization transaction was accounted for as a recapitalization restructuring of entities under common control with no change in accounting basis.
At June 30, 2006, Specialty Finance Partners (“SFP”), a partnership controlled by Capital Z Financial Services Fund, II, L.P., a Bermuda partnership (together with SFP, “Capital Z”) and others affiliated with Capital Z together owned approximately 14.0 million shares, or approximately 22.5% of the Company’s common shares outstanding. Representatives of Capital Z currently have two seats on the Company’s seven member Board of Directors.
Aames Investment elected to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Aames Financial is the taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) of Aames Investment.
Aames Investment’s strategy is to use its equity capital and funds borrowed under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to finance mortgage loan production, and to use those financing sources together with on-balance sheet securitizations to sell its loan production to third parties in the secondary markets. Aames Investment built a REIT portfolio of mortgage loans from its initial public
7
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
offering by retaining a portion of these loans, largely hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans. Aames Investment built its REIT portfolio using its equity capital, borrowings under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and on-balance sheet securitizations of mortgage loans. Since announcing the proposed merger with Accredited, Aames Investment no longer retains mortgage loans for its REIT portfolio and sells all of its loan production in the secondary markets.
The Company’s principal market is borrowers whose financing needs are not being met by traditional mortgage lenders for a variety of reasons, including the need for specialized loan products or credit histories that may limit such borrowers’ access to credit. Mortgage loans originated are extended on the basis of equity in the borrower’s property and the creditworthiness of the borrower.
Basis of Presentation. The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles in the United States have been omitted.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company after eliminating all significant intercompany transactions and reflect all normal, recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the results of operations of the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for the interim periods reported. The results of operations for the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full calendar year.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts related to June 30, 2005 have been reclassified to conform to the June 30, 2006 presentation.
Note 3. Cash and Cash Equivalents
At June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the Company had $73.7 million and $70.1 million of overnight investments, respectively.
Note 4. Loans Held for Sale
The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s loans held for sale as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Fixed rate mortgages | | $ | 189,718 | | | $ | 397,112 | | |
Adjustable rate loans | | 437,904 | | | 570,716 | | |
Total unpaid principal balance | | 627,622 | | | 967,828 | | |
Net deferred loan origination fees | | (7,209 | ) | | (4,547 | ) | |
Valuation allowance | | (13,376 | ) | | (12,104 | ) | |
Total loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market | | $ | 607,037 | | | $ | 951,177 | | |
8
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
The Company maintains a lower-of-cost-or-market (“LOCOM”) valuation allowance for certain loans held for sale that are severely delinquent, have suffered declines in market value, have experienced credit deterioration, have significant collateral deficiencies or have other attributes that reduce their sale potential.
The following table presents activity in the valuation allowance for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 13,461 | | $ | 5,965 | | $ | 12,104 | | $ | 4,234 | |
LOCOM provision | | 8,708 | | 1,296 | | 20,020 | | 3,720 | |
Transfer from advances receivable allowance | | — | | — | | — | | 600 | |
Charge-offs | | (8,795 | ) | (3,796 | ) | (18,751 | ) | (5,109 | ) |
Recoveries | | 2 | | 28 | | 3 | | 48 | |
Net charge-offs | | (8,793 | ) | (3,768 | ) | (18,748 | ) | (5,061 | ) |
Balance, end of period | | $ | 13,376 | | $ | 3,493 | | $ | 13,376 | | $ | 3,493 | |
Note 5. Loans Held for Investment, Net
The following table summarizes loans held for investment, net, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Securitized | | $ | 3,422,366 | | | $ | 3,659,657 | | |
Not yet securitized | | 23,517 | | | 461,451 | | |
Total unpaid principal balance | | 3,445,883 | | | 4,121,108 | | |
Net deferred loan origination costs | | 4,401 | | | 7,787 | | |
Allowance for loan losses | | (52,210 | ) | | (43,359 | ) | |
Total loans held for investment, net | | $ | 3,398,074 | | | $ | 4,085,536 | | |
The following table presents activity in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 53,337 | | $ | 8,400 | | $ | 43,359 | | $ | 1,900 | |
Provision for loan losses | | 2,336 | | 11,865 | | 14,937 | | 18,365 | |
Charge-offs | | (3,463 | ) | — | | (6,086 | ) | — | |
Recoveries | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Net charge-offs | | (3,463 | ) | — | | (6,086 | ) | — | |
Balance, end of period | | $ | 52,210 | | $ | 20,265 | | $ | 52,210 | | $ | 20,265 | |
9
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
The above allowance activity does not include losses on certain early prepayment representation and warranty claims on loans transferred to loans held for sale and which are accounted for in the Company’s representation and warranty allowance.
Note 6. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
The Company maintains a representation and warranty allowance for exposure to losses that arise in connection with loans that it is required to repurchase from whole loan buyers. The allowance is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The allowance is carried to address repurchase obligations arising from representations and warranty claims, and obligations for other contractual disputes with investors with respect to mortgage loan sales. Allowance levels are a function of expected losses based on expected and actual pending claims and repurchase requests, historical experience, loan volume and loan sales distribution channels and the assessment of probability related to such claims. Changes in the level of provision to this allowance impacts the overall gain on sale margin from quarter to quarter.
The following table presents activity in the representation and warranty allowance for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 6,124 | | $ | 8,427 | | $ | 9,014 | | $ | 13,137 | |
Provision for representation, warranty, and other miscellaneous losses | | 6,387 | | 2,720 | | 10,664 | | 1,081 | |
Release of claims | | — | | — | | (4,335 | ) | — | |
Charge-offs | | (1,668 | ) | (1,679 | ) | (4,500 | ) | (4,750 | ) |
Recoveries | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Net charge-offs | | (1,668 | ) | (1,679 | ) | (4,500 | ) | (4,750 | ) |
Balance, end of period | | $ | 10,843 | | $ | 9,468 | | $ | 10,843 | | $ | 9,468 | |
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the Company released $4.3 million of aged claims due to management’s research and determination that such claims were no longer valid.
10
AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Note 7. Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share
The following table sets forth information regarding basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Basic net income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) | | $ | 7,174 | | $ | (22,575 | ) | $ | (6,343 | ) | $ | (23,341 | ) |
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding | | 62,560 | | 61,535 | | 62,547 | | 61,478 | |
Basic net income (loss) per common share | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Diluted net income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) | | $ | 7,174 | | $ | (22,575 | ) | $ | (6,343 | ) | $ | (23,341 | ) |
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding | | 62,560 | | 61,535 | | 62,547 | | 61,478 | |
Diluted net income (loss) per common share | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Note 8. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company adopted SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006 using the modified prospective method. Currently, the Company’s stock-based compensation consists of restricted stock awards, which are valued based on the fair value of the Company’s shares at the grant date using the closing market price of the Company’s shares on that date. The fair value of the restricted stock awards is amortized to compensation expense, with an offsetting credit to additional paid-in capital, over the period that service is rendered, which is the vesting period. Restricted stock awards generally vest 25% per year commencing on the first anniversary date from the date of grant. The Company has considered historical forfeiture rates in its estimated stock-based compensation expense related to awards that are ultimately expected to vest. The recognition of compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 related to the vesting of restricted stock awards is consistent with the expense recognition for the same periods in 2005 and therefore the quarterly results are comparable to the prior year. As of June 30, 2006, there was $5.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested grants of restricted stock awards. Total unrecognized compensation cost will be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures.
The Amended and Restated Aames Investment Corporation 2004 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which became effective in November 2004, is the Company’s only compensation plan under which its equity securities are authorized for issuance, and it allows the Company to make awards to its officers and other employees, directors and all other persons who provide it services. Those awards may be stock options, SARs, or “full value awards” (including shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units). Currently, a maximum of 5,550,000 shares of the Company’s common stock may be issued upon the exercise of stock options or SARs, in connection with the vesting of shares of restricted common stock or upon the distribution of shares underlying restricted stock units. To date, all awards made under the Plan have been full value awards (i.e. restricted stock awards and restricted stock units) and each share of the Company’s common stock underlying a full value award reduces the number of shares available for future issuance by 2.5 shares.
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AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
In connection with the Company’s reorganization as a REIT and its initial public offering in November 2004, the Company issued 1,282,553 restricted stock units pursuant to the Plan and recorded compensation expense of $10.9 million.
The following tables present activity in Restricted Stock Units (“RSU’s”) and Restricted Stock Awards (“RSA’s”) for the period presented:
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
| | RSU’s | | RSA’s | |
| | Number | | Grant | | Number | | Grant | |
| | of | | Price | | of | | Price | |
| | Shares | | Range | | Shares | | Range | |
Balance, beginning of period | | 716,551 | | $ | 8.50 | | 936,516 | | $ | 5.90-9.82 | |
Granted | | — | | — | | 36,000 | | 5.90 | |
Expired | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Cancelled(1) | | (28,997 | ) | 8.50 | | (180,860 | ) | 5.90-9.82 | |
Converted | | (72,426 | ) | 8.50 | | (64,375 | ) | 7.92-9.50 | |
Balance, end of period | | 615,128 | | $ | 8.50 | | 727,281 | | $ | 5.90-9.82 | |
(1) Cancellations of RSUs/RSAs include those arising from employee terminations as well as RSAs that were returned to the Company to settle payroll tax obligations upon conversion of RSUs/RSAs to common stock.
Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies
In July 2005, the Company was served with a putative class action complaint entitled Webb v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Central District of California. In December 2005, the Company was served with a putative class action complaint entitled Cooper v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Wisconsin. These complaints allege violations of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (the “FCRA”) in connection with prescreened offers of credit, which the Company made to plaintiffs. Webb also alleges that the Company’s direct mail pieces failed to comply with the requirements of FCRA that the required notice be clear and conspicuous. The plaintiffs seek to recover on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated compensatory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the clear and conspicuous claims in connection with Webb, which was ultimately denied by the Court on May 30, 2006, leaving this claim as to all direct mail sent prior to December 2004. The Court has requested further briefing to determine whether it will grant leave for the plaintiffs to amend. The Company also filed a motion to transfer Cooper to the Central District of California where Webb is pending, which was granted in March 2006, and the case was ultimately transferred on April 13, 2006. There have been no rulings on the merits of the plaintiffs’ claims or the claims of the putative class in either matter and no class has been certified. The Company intends to vigorously defend these matters, but if a class is certified and prevails on the merits, the potential liability could have a material adverse affect on its business. The outcome of these cases and the amount of liability, if any, cannot be determined at this time.
On April 27, 2004, Aames Financial received a civil investigative demand from the Federal Trade Commission, or the FTC, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating
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AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
to Aames Financial’s business and lending practices. The demand was issued pursuant to an April 8, 2004 resolution of the FTC authorizing non-public investigations of various unnamed subprime lenders and loan brokers to determine whether there have been violations of certain consumer protection laws. The Company has cooperated and intends to continue to cooperate fully with the FTC in this investigation. Because the investigation is at an early stage, the Company cannot predict the outcome of the investigation and its effect, if any, on the Company’s business.
On September 7, 2004, Aames Financial received a Civil Investigative Demand and Notice to Proceed from the Office of the Attorney General of Iowa, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating to its business and lending practices in Iowa. Aames Financial has cooperated and intends to cooperate fully with the Office of the Attorney General of Iowa in this investigation. Because the investigation is at an early stage, Aames Financial cannot predict the outcome of the investigation and its effect, if any, on its business in Iowa, which approximated 0.01% and 0.01% of total mortgage loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
In the ordinary course of its business, the Company is subject to various claims made against it arising from, among other things, the Company’s loan origination and collection efforts, trade practices and alleged violations of the various federal and state laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s business, such as consumer protection laws and employment laws. The Company believes that the resolution of any of these pending incidental claims is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Note 10. Parent Company Information
The following tables present the condensed balance sheets and condensed statements of operations of Aames Investment Corporation (parent company only, prior to intercompany elimination entries) as of and for the dates indicated (in thousands):
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AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
Condensed Balance Sheets | | | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | | | | | |
Unrestricted | | $ | 26,690 | | | $ | 13,042 | | |
Restricted | | 67,384 | | | 87,094 | | |
Loans held for investment, net: | | | | | | | |
Securitized | | 3,422,366 | | | 3,659,657 | | |
Not yet securitized | | 23,517 | | | 461,451 | | |
Net deferred loan origination costs | | 4,401 | | | 7,787 | | |
Deferred loan acquisition premium | | 28,736 | | | 41,132 | | |
Allowance for loan losses | | (52,210 | ) | | (43,359 | ) | |
Total loans held for investment, net | | 3,426,810 | | | 4,126,668 | | |
Investment in subsidiaries | | 44,738 | | | 78,697 | | |
Accrued interest and other assets | | 105,140 | | | 57,480 | | |
Derivative finanancial instruments, at estimated fair value | | 42,927 | | | 58,147 | | |
Total assets | | $ | 3,713,689 | | | $ | 4,421,128 | | |
Financings on loans held for investment | | $ | 3,398,459 | | | $ | 3,623,188 | | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | 6,012 | | | 433,241 | | |
Borrowings | | — | | | 16,487 | | |
Other liabilities | | 16,678 | | | 37,577 | | |
Total liabilities | | 3,421,149 | | | 4,110,493 | | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 292,540 | | | 310,635 | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 3,713,689 | | | $ | 4,421,128 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | |
Condensed Statement of Operations | | | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Net interest income | | $ | 34,077 | | $ | 47,956 | |
Provision for losses on loans held for investment | | (14,937 | ) | (18,365 | ) |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | 19,140 | | 29,591 | |
Noninterest expense | | (3,880 | ) | (4,199 | ) |
Income before equity in net loss of subsidiary | | 15,260 | | 25,392 | |
Equity in net loss of subsidiary | | (33,999 | ) | (32,935 | ) |
Net loss | | $ | (18,739 | ) | $ | (7,543 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Note 11. Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In December of 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”), an amendment of SFAS 123. This Statement requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. SFAS 123R requires measurement of fair value of employee stock options using an option pricing model that takes into account the awarded options’ unique characteristics. SFAS 123R requires charging the recognized cost to expense over the period the employee provides services to earn the award, generally its vesting period. In April of 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) revised the required adoption date of SFAS 123R. As a result of this change, the Company was required to adopt SFAS 123R effective
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AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
January 1, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 123R did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” (“SFAS 154”), which replaces APB No. 20, “Accounting Changes,” and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 3, “Reporting Changes in Interim Financial Statements.” SFAS 154 changes the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of voluntary changes in accounting principle and changes required by new accounting standards when the standard does not include specific transition provisions, unless it is impracticable to do so. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005 and will only affect the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption of a voluntary change in accounting principle by the Company.
In February 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (“SFAS 155”). SFAS 155 requires companies to evaluate their interests in securitized financial assets and determine whether the interests are freestanding derivatives or hybrid financial instruments that may be subject to bifurcation. SFAS 155 provides companies with relief from having to separately determine the fair value of an embedded derivative that would otherwise be required to be bifurcated from its host contract in accordance with Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS 155 also clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives and amends Statement No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” (“SFAS 140”) to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. SFAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after January 1, 2007. The Company does not believe the adoption of SFAS 155 will have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
In March 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets” (“SFAS 156”), which amends SFAS 140. SFAS 156 permits an entity to choose either of the following subsequent measurement methods for each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities:
· Amortization Method—Amortize servicing assets or servicing liabilities in proportion to and over the period of net servicing income or net servicing loss and assess the servicing assets or liabilities for impairment or increased obligation based on fair value at each reporting date. This method is consistent with current subsequent measurement guidance for servicing rights.
· Fair Value Measurement Method—Measure servicing assets or servicing liabilities at fair value at each reporting date and report changes in fair value in earnings in the period in which the change occurs. This method is a new alternative.
SFAS 156 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. However, earlier adoption of the SFAS 156 is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year, provided the entity has not yet issued financial statements for an interim period of that fiscal year. The adoption of SFAS 156 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company will be evaluating the impact of FIN 48 on its consolidated financial statements.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The following discussion includes Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. This section should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This report may contain forward-looking statements, including without limitation the expected benefits of the Merger and the sale of the wholesale operations to Accredited, under federal securities laws. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may cause the Company’s performance and results to vary include: (i) limited cash flow to fund operations and dependence on short-term financing facilities; (ii) changes in overall economic conditions and interest rates; (iii) increased delinquency rates in the portfolio; (iv) intense competition in the mortgage lending industry; (v) adverse changes in the securitization and whole loan market for mortgage loans; (vi) declines in real estate values; (vii) an inability to originate subprime hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans; (viii) obligations to repurchase mortgage loans and indemnify investors; (ix) concentration of operations in California, Florida, New York and Texas; (x) the occurrence of natural disasters; (xi) extensive government regulation; (xii) an inability to comply with the federal tax requirements applicable to REITs and effectively operate within limitations imposed on REITs by federal tax rules; and (xiii) other risk factors as outlined in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 containing a Proxy Statement/Prospectus as filed by Accredited with the SEC on July 14, 2006 (the “Accredited S-4”). For a more complete discussion of these risks and uncertainties and information relating to the Company, see the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, the Accredited S-4, and other filings with the SEC made by the Company. Aames Investment expressly disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements in this report.
RECENT EVENTS
Merger of Aames and Accredited. On May 24, 2006, Aames Investment Corporation (“Aames Investment”), Accredited Home Lenders Holding Co. (“Accredited), and AHL Acquisition, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accredited (“Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Aames Investment will be merged with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). In March 2006, Aames announced a corporate restructuring that would eliminate its REIT status at the parent company level and its taxable REIT subsidiary would become the parent company. After entering into the Merger Agreement, Aames Investment determined that it would not pursue the restructuring strategy.
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In connection with the pending merger transaction, Aames Investment has scheduled a Special Meeting of its stockholders on Thursday, September 14, 2006 at 9:00 a.m. Accredited filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, a Registration Statement on Form S-4 containing a Proxy Statement/Prospectus for the stockholders of Accredited and the stockholders of Aames Investment. The Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC on July 26, 2006. The final Proxy Statement/Prospectus was mailed to stockholders of Accredited and stockholders of Aames Investment on or about August 9, 2006.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, upon consummation of the Merger each Aames Investment stockholder will receive, in exchange for each share of Aames Investment common stock held by such stockholder, one of the following:
· cash in an amount equal to $51.94 (the closing price of Accredited’s common stock on May 24, 2006, the date of the Merger Agreement) multiplied by the exchange ratio (which we explain below), or
· a fraction of a share of Accredited common stock equal to the exchange ratio.
The exchange ratio was initially set at 0.1030. That means that on the day that we executed the Merger Agreement (and subject to the limitations described below) each share of Aames Investment common stock would have been converted into $5.35 in cash or a fraction of a share of Accredited common stock that had a value of $5.35 (based on the closing price of Accredited common stock on the day we executed the Merger Agreement). However, the exchange ratio will be reduced by any dividends declared or paid by Aames Investment prior to the closing. We will reduce the exchange ratio by multiplying it by 1 minus a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of any dividends Aames Investment declares or pays prior to closing, and the denominator of which is approximately $340 million.
Under the Merger Agreement, Aames Investment is required to pay prior to closing a dividend in an amount equal to Aames Investment’s estimated 2006 REIT taxable income plus any other amounts that Aames Investment would need to distribute to qualify as a REIT for its final taxable year and to avoid to the extent reasonably possible the incurrence of income or excise tax. Aames Investment currently estimates that, if the closing were to occur on September 30, 2006, it would pay a dividend of approximately $30 million in the aggregate (or $0.48 per share) pursuant to this provision, although Aames Investment cannot provide any assurance as to the amount of any such dividend.
Aames Investment and Accredited have made customary representations, warranties and covenants to each other in the Merger Agreement. Each of Aames Investment and Accredited has agreed, among other things, (i) to operate its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice and not to take certain actions specified in the Merger Agreement, (ii) to convene a special meeting of its stockholders to obtain requisite approvals of its stockholders in connection with the Merger and the Merger Agreement and (iii) subject to certain exceptions in the case of Aames Investment, to recommend approval of such matters to its stockholders. Aames Investment has also agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to solicit, negotiate, provide non-public information in furtherance of, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable an alternative acquisition proposal. Aames Investment will be required to pay dividends prior to the closing of the transaction to the extent necessary to maintain its status as a REIT.
Consummation of the Merger is subject to customary conditions, including the approval of the merger by the holders of Aames Investment common stock, the approval of the issuance of shares of Accredited common stock in connection with the Merger by the holders of Accredited common stock, the absence of any law or order prohibiting the closing and the expiration or earlier termination of any required waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and the receipt of other governmental approvals. In addition, each party’s obligation to consummate the Merger is subject to (i) the material accuracy of the representations and warranties of the other party and (ii) material compliance of
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the other party with its covenants. Accredited’s obligation to consummate the Merger is also subject to the delivery of an opinion from counsel to Aames Investment with respect to Aames Investment’s status as a REIT.
The Merger Agreement contains customary termination rights for Aames Investment and Accredited, including, among others, the right of Aames Investment to terminate the Merger Agreement if it receives a superior proposal, subject to (i) Accredited’s right to match the superior proposal within three business days and (ii) payment to Accredited by Aames Investment of a $10.0 million termination fee. In addition, Aames Investment must pay Accredited a $10 million termination fee if the Merger is terminated:
· By either party, if Aames Investment does not obtain the stockholder approval required to approve the Merger, a proposal or intention to make a proposal for an alternative transaction has been made publicly prior to termination and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $6.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock.
· By Accredited,
· due to Aames Investment’s willful breach, a proposal or intention to make a proposal for an alternative transaction has been made publicly prior to termination and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $5.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock; or
· due to Aames Investment’s Board of Directors withdrawing or adversely modifying its recommendation for approval of the Merger and Aames Investment enters into an agreement or consummates an alternative transaction within 12 months of the termination for consideration equal to or greater than $6.00 per share of Aames Investment common stock.
Sale of Aames’ Wholesale Operations to Accredited. On June 26, 2006, Aames Investment announced that its wholesale operations would be sold to Accredited for approximately $4.0 million plus the assumption of certain liabilities under an agreement dated June 23, 2006. The sale was completed in July 2006. The sale was intended to reduce employee attrition and maximize the potential synergies from the combination of the Accredited and Aames Investment wholesale operations at the present time that would otherwise occur as part of the merger of Accredited and Aames Investment contemplated to occur in the third quarter of 2006.
As part of the sale, Accredited hired approximately 198 of Aames Investment’s wholesale sales and processing personnel, and assumed certain liabilities of the wholesale business, including the lease of Aames Investment’s Jacksonville, Florida, wholesale operations center.
The purchase of Aames Investment’s wholesale operation does not otherwise affect the Merger Agreement, or any of the terms under which Accredited will acquire Aames Investment, including the consideration to be paid to the Aames Investment stockholders for their common stock.
GENERAL
Aames Investment was formed in February 2004 to build and manage a portfolio of high yielding subprime residential mortgage loans to offer its stockholders the opportunity for attractive dividend yields and earnings growth. In November 2004, we completed an initial public offering, and, concurrently with that offering, the reorganization with Aames Financial, formerly our parent company. As a result of the 2004 REIT reorganization, Aames Financial became a wholly owned subsidiary of ours.
Aames Financial is a national mortgage banking company, founded in 1954, which focuses primarily on originating, selling and servicing residential mortgage loans through its retail channel under the name
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“Aames Home Loan.” From 1996 through July 2006, Aames Financial also originated loans through its wholesale channel. Our strategy is to use our equity capital and funds borrowed under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to finance our mortgage loan production, and to sell our loan production to third parties in the secondary markets. We built a REIT portfolio of mortgage loans from our initial public offering in November, 2004, through May, 2006, by retaining a portion of our mortgage loan originations, largely hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans or ARMs. We built our REIT portfolio using our equity capital, borrowings under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and on-balance sheet securitizations of mortgage loans. Since announcing the proposed Merger with Accredited, we no longer retain mortgage loans for our REIT portfolio and sell all of our loan production in the secondary markets.
As a REIT, we generally are not subject to U.S. federal income tax on the REIT income that we distribute to our stockholders. During the six months ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we distributed at least 90% of the earnings from our REIT portfolio of mortgage loans to our stockholders. The taxable income generated by Aames Financial is subject to regular corporate income tax.
Mortgage Loan Portfolio Management
In building our REIT portfolio, we invest in subprime one-to-four family, residential mortgage loans, operating as a long-term portfolio investor. We purchase loans originated by Aames Financial that we anticipate holding on our balance sheet in our REIT portfolio, largely hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans. Aames Financial services the loans in our REIT portfolio.
To provide us with long-term financing for our REIT portfolio of mortgage loans, we securitize substantially all of those loans through on-balance sheet transactions structured as financings rather than sales for both tax and financial accounting purposes. Accordingly, these loans will remain on our consolidated balance sheet as an asset and reported as “Loans held for investment, net,” while the underlying bonds issued through the securitization will be reported as a liability as “Financings on loans held for investment.” Thus, we record interest income generated by the mortgage loans and recognize interest expense on the related bonds issued in the securitization over the life of the securitization, rather than generate a gain or loss upon completion of the securitization.
Managing Interest Rate Risk
The hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans in our REIT portfolio may have a fixed rate for two, three or five years prior to their first adjustment, while the related on-balance sheet securitization debt may have rates that adjust monthly. As a result, our net interest income and cash flow could be negatively impacted by changes in short-term interest rates. To counteract this possibility, we may hedge the aggregate risk of interest rate fluctuations with respect to our borrowing index. We generally intend to hedge only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest rate used in the variable rate index, usually a London Interbank Offered Rate, known as LIBOR, or a U.S. Treasury rate.
To reduce these risks, we may enter into interest rate cap agreements whereby, in exchange for a fee, we would be reimbursed for interest paid in excess of a certain capped rate. We may also enter interest rate swap agreements, whereby we pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate based on a notional amount. With respect to interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swap agreements, any net payments under, or fluctuations in the fair value of, these cap agreements would be recorded in current income.
Derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that the institutional counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. We expect to minimize this risk by using multiple counterparties and limiting them to major financial institutions with good credit ratings. In addition, we regularly monitor the potential risk of loss with any one party resulting from this type of credit risk. Accordingly, we do not expect any material losses as a result of default by other parties.
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REIT Compliance
We elected to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the six months ended December 31, 2004 and for the year ended December 31, 2005. Aames Financial has continued its operations as our primary mortgage origination and servicing subsidiary. To meet some of the REIT qualification requirements, we conduct our loan sales, as well as other servicing and origination functions, through Aames Financial, our taxable REIT subsidiary. All loans are sourced, underwritten and processed by Aames Financial. We purchase from Aames Financial the loans that we anticipate holding on our balance sheet in our REIT portfolio, largely hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans, and Aames Financial sells the remainder of the loans it originates, including a majority of its fixed-rate mortgage loans, to third parties. We are required to purchase loans from Aames Financial at fair market value and Aames Financial recognizes gain or loss on the sale.
Any taxable income generated by Aames Financial will be subject to regular corporate income tax and Aames Financial will continue to record a provision for income taxes. However, we anticipate that Aames Financial will have substantially lower effective tax rates due to historical net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Subject to annual limitations, these losses are available to offset future income. Aames Financial may retain any income it generates, net of any tax liability it incurs on that income, without affecting the REIT distribution requirements. If Aames Financial chooses to pay a dividend to us, the dividend could be included in the REIT distribution. Any distributions that Aames Financial makes in the future will be at the discretion of its Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, its actual results of operations and liquidity levels.
U.S. federal income tax law requires that a REIT distribute annually to its stockholders at least 90% of its taxable income, excluding the retained earnings of any taxable REIT subsidiary it owns. During the six months ended December 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we distributed at least 90% of our taxable income to our stockholders, and were not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and will not record an income tax provision with respect to the income we distributed.
Under the Merger Agreement, we are required to pay prior to closing of the Merger a dividend in the amount equal to our estimated 2006 REIT taxable income, plus any other amounts that we would need to distribute in order to qualify as a REIT for our final taxable year and to avoid to the extent reasonably possible the incurrence of income or excise tax.
Mortgage Loan Originations
Aames Financial originates one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, which are the primary source of the loans that we hold in our on-balance sheet REIT portfolio of loans held for investment, and of the loans that we sell to the secondary markets.
Our principal market is borrowers whose financing needs are not being met by traditional mortgage lenders for a variety of reasons, including the need for specialized loan products or credit histories that may limit such borrowers’ access to credit. These types of borrowers generally pay higher mortgage loan origination fees and interest rates than those charged by conventional lending sources. We believe that these borrowers continue to present an opportunity for us to earn a return commensurate with the risk assumed. Our residential mortgage loans, which include fixed and hybrid/adjustable rate loans, are generally used by borrowers to consolidate indebtedness, obtain cash to finance other consumer needs, purchase homes or lower their monthly payment. We believe that loan origination volume is affected by general levels of interest rates. A majority of our loan originations are cash-out refinancings, and as a result, our loan origination volume is generally less cyclical than conventional mortgage lending, which has a higher percentage of rate/term refinance loans. However, given recent rises in interest rates, we believe that subprime borrowers with hybrid ARMs or interest only loans may seek to refinance when the initial fixed period expires to avoid the increased payment after the interest fixed or interest only period.
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Mortgage Loan Sales to Third Parties and Off-Balance Sheet Securitizations
Aames Financial sells whole loans to third parties on a servicing-released basis in order to capture gain on sale income from these loans and to grow our equity capital base on a consolidated basis. Aames Financial generally sells these loans within 45 days of funding and services these loans during the period between origination and transfer of servicing to the buyer, which is generally within 90 days after the sale of the loan. Aames Financial generates income primarily from:
· gain on sale income, which includes the premiums received on the sale of the loans,
· net interest income earned on its loans held prior to sale,
· points and fees charged to borrowers, less any yield spread premiums paid to wholesale brokers, during the loan origination process, and
· loan servicing income earned on its loans held prior to sale, loans retained in our REIT portfolio, and loans owned by others.
Aames Financial uses the majority of the net proceeds of its loan sales to pay down its warehouse and repurchase facilities to increase capacity under these facilities for future fundings of mortgage loans. Proceeds that we receive from financings on loans held for investment are also used to pay down our warehouse and repurchase facilities.
Mortgage Loan Servicing
Aames Financial services residential mortgage loans, those held in its portfolio prior to sale, those held in our REIT portfolio, and, to a much lesser extent, for others. Loan servicing remains an integral part of our business operation. We believe that maintaining contact with our borrowers improves our ability to manage credit risk and retain our borrowers. Subprime borrowers are more likely to default on their obligations than conventional borrowers. By servicing our loans, we strive to identify problems with borrowers early and take quick action to address these problems. By keeping in close touch with borrowers, we can provide them with information about our products and encourage borrowers expressing an interest in refinancing to refinance with us. Mortgage loan servicing provides fee income for Aames Financial in the form of normal customer service and processing fees.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Several of the critical accounting policies that are important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations require management to make difficult and complex judgments that rely on estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain due generally to the impact of changing market conditions and/or borrower behavior. We believe our most critical accounting policies relate to (1) owning a portfolio of loans held for investment, which is separate and distinct from a portfolio of loans held for sale, (2) our allowance for losses on mortgage loans held for investment, (3) gain on sale of loans held for sale and our secondary market related allowances and (4) income taxes.
Owning a Portfolio of Hybrid/Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans. We have a REIT portfolio of loans held for investment in addition to Aames Financial’s portfolio of loans held for sale. We differentiate our interest income and expense into two components: “Interest income—loans held for sale” and “Interest income—loans held for investment.” Interest expense is also differentiated between “Interest expense—loans held for sale” and “Interest expense—loans held for investment.” We also record a provision for loan losses on loans held for investment, which increases our allowance for loan losses, based on an estimate of probable and inherent losses in our portfolio of loans held for investment.
Our REIT portfolio of loans is shown on our balance sheet as “Loans held for investment.” Prior to our 2004 REIT reorganization, all loans were shown as “Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market.”
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Because Aames Financial intends to sell its loans to third parties in the secondary markets, we continue to show these loans as “Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market.” Bonds that we issue in our on-balance sheet securitizations to finance our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment are shown as “Financings on loans held for investment.” Warehouse financing of our loans held for sale and loans held for investment but not yet securitized are shown as “Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities.”
The majority of our portfolio of loans held for investment was created through on-balance sheet securitizations and must comply with the provisions of FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” (“SFAS 140”). SFAS 140 sets forth the criteria applicable to determining whether a transfer of financial assets is to be treated as a sale or a secured financing under generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. We intend for our on-balance sheet securitizations to be treated as secured financings and, accordingly, one of our critical accounting policies is compliance with the SFAS 140 requirements necessary to obtain secured financing treatment for our securitizations.
Allowance for Losses on Mortgage Loans Held for Investment. For mortgage loans held for investment, we maintain an allowance for loan losses based on our estimate of losses inherent and probable as of the balance sheet date. We view our mortgage loans held for investment as a homogeneous pool of loans that exhibit similar characteristics, including default probabilities and loss severities. We evaluate the adequacy of this allowance monthly, giving consideration to factors such as the current performance of the loans, delinquency status of the loans, historical performance of similar loans, credit characteristics of the portfolio, the value of the underlying collateral and the general economic environment.
In order to estimate an appropriate allowance for losses on loans held for investment, we estimate losses using “static pooling,” which stratifies the loans held for investment into separately identified vintage pools. Using historic experience and taking into consideration the factors above, we estimate an allowance for loan losses which we believe is adequate for probable and inherent losses in the portfolio of mortgage loans held for investment. Provisions for losses are charged to our consolidated statement of operations. Charge-offs of mortgage loans held for investment are charged to the allowance. While we use available information to estimate losses on loans held for investment, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in estimates resulting from economic and other conditions.
Gain on Sale of Loans Held for Sale and Secondary Market Related Allowances. Our current loan disposition strategy for loans relies on whole loan sales. We sell our loans in whole loan sale transactions on a cash basis. In whole loan sale transactions, the buyer acquires all future rights (including mortgage servicing rights) to the loans, without recourse, except for standard representations and warranties. Gains and losses on whole loan sales are recognized when we surrender control over the loans (generally on the settlement date) based upon the difference between the proceeds received and the net carrying amount of the loans, less the provision for representation, warranty and other miscellaneous losses recorded on the settlement date to cover repurchases, if any, of loans that have a first or early payment default to the purchaser or otherwise breach representations and warranties.
As part of the normal course of business involving loans sold to the secondary market, we are occasionally required to repurchase loans or make payments to settle breaches of the standard representations and warranties made as part of our loan sales. The secondary market allowances include (1) a representation and warranty allowance for probable losses on repurchases arising from representation and warranty claims, and probable obligations related to disputes with investors and (2) a lower of cost or market valuation allowance for certain loans held for sale that we believe have a market value of less than par.
The level of the representation and warranty allowance is a function of expected losses based on actual pending claims and repurchase requests, historical experience, loan sales and the assessment of probable investor claims. An increase to this allowance is recorded as a reduction of the gain on sale of
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loans in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and the corresponding allowance is recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. At the time we repurchase a loan, the estimated loss on the loan is charged against this allowance and recorded as a reduction of the basis of the loan.
The lower of cost or market valuation allowance is maintained for loans held for sale that are severely delinquent, have suffered declines in market value, had credit deterioration, have significant collateral deficiencies or other attributes that reduce their sale potential. An increase to this valuation allowance is recorded as a reduction of gain on sale of loans in our condensed consolidated statement of operations and the valuation allowance is recorded as an offset to loans held for sale in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. At the time we sell a loan having the aforementioned attributes, the estimated loss on the loan is charged against this allowance.
Accounting for Income Taxes. We elected to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the six months ended December 31, 2004 and for the year ended December 31, 2005. This means that generally we were not subject to U.S. federal income taxes on the REIT income that we distributed to our stockholders.
Aames Financial’s taxable income is subject to regular corporate income tax. Taxes are provided on substantially all income and expense items included in the earnings of Aames Financial, regardless of the period in which such items are recognized for tax purposes. We use an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financing statements or tax returns. In estimating future tax consequences, we generally consider all expected future events other than the enactment of changes in the tax law or rates.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized by Aames Financial to reflect the future tax consequences of net operating loss carry forwards and differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. We have established a valuation allowance to reflect management’s determination that it is not more likely than not that certain deferred tax assets will be realized.
In determining the realization of deferred tax assets, we consider future taxable income from the following sources: (a) the reversal of taxable temporary differences, (b) future operations exclusive of reversing temporary differences, and (c) tax planning strategies that, if necessary, would be implemented to accelerate taxable income into periods in which net operating losses might otherwise expire. The realization of deferred tax assets is evaluated by management quarterly and changes in realizability are reflected in the income tax provision.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth information regarding our results of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
Interest income | | $ | 106,112 | | $ | 74,943 | | | $ | 31,169 | | | $ | 218,157 | | $ | 128,595 | | | $ | 89,562 | | |
Interest expense | | 78,267 | | 46,446 | | | 31,821 | | | 151,214 | | 58,362 | | | 92,852 | | |
Net interest income | | 27,845 | | 28,497 | | | (652 | ) | | 66,943 | | 70,233 | | | (3,290 | ) | |
Provision for loan losses | | 2,336 | | 11,865 | | | (9,529 | ) | | 14,937 | | 18,365 | | | (3,428 | ) | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | 25,509 | | 16,632 | | | 8,877 | | | 52,006 | | 51,868 | | | 138 | | |
Noninterest income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gain on sale of loans | | 22,538 | | 4,666 | | | 17,872 | | | 28,533 | | 10,349 | | | 18,184 | | |
Loan servicing | | 2,537 | | 1,364 | | | 1,173 | | | 4,960 | | 2,404 | | | 2,556 | | |
Total noninterest income | | 25,075 | | 6,030 | | | 19,045 | | | 33,493 | | 12,753 | | | 20,740 | | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses and noninterest income | | 50,584 | | 22,662 | | | 27,922 | | | 85,499 | | 64,621 | | | 20,878 | | |
Noninterest expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Personnel | | 21,570 | | 20,980 | | | 590 | | | 46,461 | | 43,327 | | | 3,134 | | |
Production | | 9,079 | | 8,577 | | | 502 | | | 18,456 | | 17,377 | | | 1,079 | | |
General and administrative | | 12,721 | | 15,015 | | | (2,294 | ) | | 26,868 | | 25,828 | | | 1,040 | | |
Total noninterest expense | | 43,370 | | 44,572 | | | (1,202 | ) | | 91,785 | | 86,532 | | | 5,253 | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | 7,214 | | (21,910 | ) | | 29,124 | | | (6,286 | ) | (21,911 | ) | | 15,625 | | |
Income tax provision | | 40 | | 665 | | | (625 | ) | | 57 | | 1,430 | | | (1,373 | ) | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 7,174 | | $ | (22,575 | ) | | $ | 29,749 | | | $ | (6,343 | ) | $ | (23,341 | ) | | $ | 16,998 | | |
Interest Income and Interest Expense
Interest income. Interest income includes interest earned on loans held for investment and loans held for sale. To a lesser extent, interest income also includes interest on short-term overnight investments, prepayment fees earned on loans held for investment, interest income on in-the-money interest rate cap and forward interest rate swap agreements, and amortization of net deferred loan origination costs on mortgage loans held for investments.
Pursuant to FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases” (“SFAS 91”), net loan origination fees and costs related to mortgage loans originated and held for investment are deferred and amortized to interest income.
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The following table summarizes the components of interest income for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
Interest earned on: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans held for investment | | $ | 63,701 | | $ | 59,261 | | | $ | 4,440 | | | $ | 134,878 | | $ | 100,865 | | | $ | 34,013 | | |
Loans held for sale | | 19,585 | | 6,754 | | | 12,831 | | | 39,510 | | 14,620 | | | 24,890 | | |
Overnight investments | | 1,301 | | 520 | | | 781 | | | 2,341 | | 740 | | | 1,601 | | |
Income from derivative financial instruments | | 15,883 | | 4,629 | | | 11,254 | | | 29,518 | | 7,258 | | | 22,260 | | |
Prepayment penalty fees on loans held for investment | | 6,767 | | 4,856 | | | 1,911 | | | 14,282 | | 6,740 | | | 7,542 | | |
Amortization of net deferred loan origination costs | | (1,180 | ) | (1,143 | ) | | (37 | ) | | (2,498 | ) | (1,815 | ) | | (683 | ) | |
Other | | 55 | | 66 | | | (11 | ) | | 126 | | 187 | | | (61 | ) | |
Total interest income | | $ | 106,112 | | $ | 74,943 | | | $ | 31,169 | | | $ | 218,157 | | $ | 128,595 | | | $ | 89,562 | | |
Interest income grew by $31.2 million, to $106.1 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $12.8 million, $11.3 million, $4.4 million, $1.9 million and $0.8 million in interest earned on loans held for sale, income from derivative financial instruments, interest earned on our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment, prepayment penalty fees, and interest on overnight investments, respectively. The growth in interest on loans held for investment and loans held for sale was primarily due to higher balances in these portfolios during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The income from derivative financial instruments primarily related to remittances to us from counterparties on in-the-money interest rate cap agreements used to hedge interest rate exposure on our REIT portfolio and related financings. The growth in prepayment penalty fees earned on early loan pay-offs was due to a higher average balance in our REIT portfolio during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, and the seasoning of the portfolio since its inception in December 2004.
Interest income grew by $89.6 million, to $218.2 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $34.0 million, $24.9 million, $22.3 million, $7.5 million, and $1.6 million in interest earned on our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment, interest earned on loans held for sale, income from derivative financial instruments, prepayment penalty fees, and interest on overnight investments, respectively. The growth in interest on loans held for investment and loans held for sale was primarily due to higher balances in these portfolios during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The income from derivative financial instruments primarily related to remittances to us from counterparties on in-the-money interest rate cap agreements used to hedge interest rate exposure on our REIT portfolio and related financings. The growth in prepayment penalty fees earned on early loan pay-offs was due to a higher average balance in our REIT portfolio during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, and the seasoning of the portfolio since its inception in December 2004.
Interest expense. Interest expense includes interest incurred on the balances outstanding of financings on loans held for investment, revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and borrowings. Interest expense also includes fair value adjustments to derivative instruments used to hedge interest rate risk on our financings of mortgage loans held for investment, amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount on financings on mortgage loans held for investment and the amortization of commitment fees on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities.
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The following table summarizes the components of interest expense for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
Interest incurred on: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financings on loans held for investment | | $ | 48,238 | | $ | 22,466 | | | $ | 25,772 | | | $ | 92,206 | | $ | 34,637 | | | $ | 57,569 | | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | 15,550 | | 9,860 | | | 5,690 | | | 34,605 | | 17,638 | | | 16,967 | | |
Borrowings | | 38 | | — | | | 38 | | | 108 | | 44 | | | 64 | | |
Amortization of commitment fees, debt issuance costs, and debt discount | | 4,823 | | 2,471 | | | 2,352 | | | 9,370 | | 3,790 | | | 5,580 | | |
Mark to market (gain) loss on derivative financial instruments designed to hedge interest rate risk on financings of loans held for investment | | 9,499 | | 11,495 | | | (1,996 | ) | | 14,685 | | 1,963 | | | 12,722 | | |
Bank charges and other | | 119 | | 154 | | | (35 | ) | | 240 | | 290 | | | (50 | ) | |
Total interest expense | | $ | 78,267 | | $ | 46,446 | | | $ | 31,821 | | | $ | 151,214 | | $ | 58,362 | | | $ | 92,852 | | |
Interest expense grew by $31.8 million, to $78.3 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $25.8 million, $5.7 million, and $2.4 million in interest incurred on financings on loans held for investment, interest incurred on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and amortization of commitment fees, debt issuance costs and debt discount, respectively. This was partially offset by a decrease of $2.0 million in the negative mark to fair value on derivative financial instruments in place to hedge interest rate exposure on our financings of loans held for investment. The growth in interest on financings of loans held for investment was due to a higher borrowing balance and higher interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The increase in interest on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities was due to higher average borrowings and interest rates associated with our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities used to fund loans held for sale and loans held for investment not yet securitized during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three-month period a year ago. The growth in amortization of commitment fees, debt issuance costs and debt discount was primarily due to increased debt issuance costs and debt discount related to higher financings on loans held for investment during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago.
Interest expense grew by $92.9 million, to $151.2 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $57.6 million, $17.0 million, $12.7 million, and $5.6 million in interest incurred on financings on loans held for investment, interest incurred on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, the increase in the negative mark to fair value on derivative financial instruments in place to hedge interest rate exposure on our financings of loans held for investment, and amortization of commitment fees, debt issuance costs and debt discount, respectively. The growth in interest on financings of loans held for investment was due to a higher borrowing balance and higher interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The increase in interest on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities was due to higher average borrowings and interest rates associated with our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities used to fund loans held for sale and loans held for investment not yet securitized during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six-month period a year ago. The growth in amortization of commitment fees, debt issuance costs and debt discount was primarily due to increased
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debt issuance costs and debt discount related to higher financings on loans held for investment during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago.
Provision for Loan Losses. The amounts provided for loan losses are determined based upon quarterly evaluations of the portfolio of loans held for investment. In our evaluation, we apply various judgments, assumptions and estimates concerning the impact certain factors might have on the amounts provided. Such factors include actual and past loan loss experience, loan portfolio composition and risk, delinquencies, underlying collateral value and current economic conditions that may affect a borrower’s ability to pay.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, the provision for loan losses was $2.3 million and $14.9 million, respectively, compared to $11.9 million and $18.4 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. The decrease in the provision for loan losses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable periods a year ago resulted from management’s evaluation of delinquency levels and charge-off trends in the portfolio of loans held for investment coupled with management’s assessment of credit loss risk in the loans held for investment portfolio which has declined since December 31, 2005. During the three months ended June 30, 2006, we saw a decline in the rate at which loans were migrating into delinquency status compared to what we had previously assumed and we have begun to see early period delinquencies trend closer to expected levels than in prior periods. In addition, during the three months ended June 30, 2006, net charge-offs were below expected levels. Finally, the unpaid principal balance of the portfolio loans held for investment at June 30, 2006 was $3.4 billion, a $700.0 million decline from the $4.1 billion reported at December 31, 2005.
Noninterest Income
Gain on Sale of Loans. Gain on sale of loans includes gain from whole loan sale transactions, realized loan origination fees and costs, provisions for representation, warranty and other miscellaneous losses, and miscellaneous costs related to loan sale activities. Gain on sale of loans is impacted by the timing and mix of loan originations and sales as, pursuant to SFAS 91, net loan origination fees and costs related to mortgage loans originated and held for sale are deferred and recognized as a charge or credit to gain on sale of loans at the time the mortgage loans are sold.
The following table summarizes the components of gain on sale of loans for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
Gain on whole loan sales | | $ | 24,637 | | $ | 7,060 | | | $ | 17,577 | | | $ | 34,498 | | $ | 11,643 | | | $ | 22,855 | | |
Loan origination fees (costs), net | | 13,094 | | 2,617 | | | 10,477 | | | 20,619 | | 4,714 | | | 15,905 | | |
Provision for secondary market allowances | | (15,095 | ) | (4,016 | ) | | (11,079 | ) | | (26,349 | ) | (4,801 | ) | | (21,548 | ) | |
Other | | (98 | ) | (995 | ) | | 897 | | | (235 | ) | (1,207 | ) | | 972 | | |
Total gain on sale of loans | | $ | 22,538 | | $ | 4,666 | | | $ | 17,872 | | | $ | 28,533 | | $ | 10,349 | | | $ | 18,184 | | |
Gain on sale of loans grew by $17.9 million, to $22.5 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable three-month period a year ago. This was primarily due increases of $17.6 million and $10.5 million in gain on sale from whole loan sale transactions and loan origination fees realized on loans sold, respectively, partially offset by a $11.1 million increase in the provision for secondary market allowances.
The growth in gain on whole loan sales was primarily due to a $400.0 million increase in whole loan sales from $1.1 billion, to $1.5 billion, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same
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period a year ago. During the quarter ended June 30, 2006, we sold a larger percentage of our loan production into the secondary markets compared to the comparable quarter in 2005, when we were retaining a significant portion of our loan production to build our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment. The growth in loan origination fees was principally due to a higher percentage of retail loans originated and sold during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The increase in the provision for secondary market allowances during the three months ended June 30, 2006 over the provision during the comparable period a year ago is due primarily to carrying higher balances of mortgage loans held for sale secured by second trust deeds which had lower valuations at June 30, 2006 when compared to a year ago. In addition, at June 30, 2006, we carried higher levels of mortgage loans that were delinquent, had collateral deficiencies or had other attributes that affected their sale potential. To a lesser extent, the increase in the provision for secondary allowances was attributable to increased potential representation and warranty loss exposure as a consequence of having reverted to a pattern of selling a majority of our loan production in whole loan sales for cash during the three months ended June 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 when the majority of our loan production was used to build our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment.
Gain on sale of loans grew by $18.2 million, to $28.5 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable six-month period a year ago. This was primarily due increases of $22.9 million and $15.9 million in gain on sale from whole loan sale transactions and loan origination fees realized on loans sold, respectively, partially offset by a $21.5 million increase in the provision for secondary market allowances.
The growth in gain on whole loan sales was primarily due to an increase in whole loan sales of $700.0 million, from $2.3 billion, to $3.0 billion, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we sold a larger percentage of our loan production into the secondary markets compared to the comparable quarter in 2005, when we were retaining a significant portion of our loan production to build our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment. The growth in loan origination fees was principally due to a higher percentage of retail loans originated and sold during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago. The increase in the provision for secondary market allowances during the six months ended June 30, 2006 over the provision during the comparable period a year ago is due primarily to carrying higher balances of mortgage loans held for sale secured by second trust deeds which had lower valuations at June 30, 2006 when compared to a year ago. In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 we carried higher levels of mortgage loans that were delinquent, had collateral deficiencies or had other attributes that affected their sale potential. To a lesser extent, the increase in the provision for secondary allowances was attributable to increased potential representation and warranty loss exposure as a consequence of having reverted to a pattern of selling a majority of our loan production in whole loan sales for cash during the six months ended June 30, 2006 as compared to the comparable period a year ago when the majority of our loan production was used to build our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment.
Loan Servicing. Loan servicing revenue consists of late charges and other fees we earn in connection with our loan servicing activities. Loan servicing revenue also includes prepayment fees on loans held for sale. Loan servicing revenue grew by $1.2 million, to $2.5 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the three months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $0.5 million and $0.8 million in late and prepayment fees, respectively, partially offset by an increase of $0.1 million in compensating interest for the three months ended June 30, 2006. Loan servicing revenue grew by $2.6 million, to $5.0 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to increases of $1.3 million and $1.5 million in late and prepayment fees, respectively, partially offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in servicing fees and an increase of $0.1 million in compensating interest for the six months ended June 30, 2006.
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Total Noninterest Expense
Personnel. Personnel expense includes salaries, payroll taxes and medical and other employee benefits. Personnel expense also includes commissions that are generally related to our loan origination volume, as retail and broker account executives earn incentives on funded loans. Pursuant to SFAS 91, direct personnel costs incurred on mortgage loans originated are deferred and amortized to interest income over the estimated economic life of the loans. When the loans are sold, the deferred costs are recognized as a charge to gain on sale.
The following table summarizes the components of personnel expense for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
Compensation | | $ | 37,318 | | $ | 38,162 | | | $ | (844 | ) | | $ | 80,375 | | $ | 73,844 | | | $ | 6,531 | | |
Deferred loan origination costs | | (18,600 | ) | (19,434 | ) | | 834 | | | (39,749 | ) | (36,054 | ) | | (3,695 | ) | |
Medical and other benefits | | 2,496 | | 2,016 | | | 480 | | | 5,226 | | 4,727 | | | 499 | | |
Other | | 356 | | 236 | | | 120 | | | 609 | | 810 | | | (201 | ) | |
Total personnel expense | | $ | 21,570 | | $ | 20,980 | | | $ | 590 | | | $ | 46,461 | | $ | 43,327 | | | $ | 3,134 | | |
Personnel expense grew by $0.6 million to $21.6 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable three-month period a year ago. This was principally due to a decrease of $0.8 million in deferred loan origination costs, a $0.5 million increase in medical and other benefits, and a $0.1 million increase in other personnel expense, partially offset by a $0.8 million decrease in compensation expense. The $0.8 million decrease in deferred personnel costs on mortgage loans originated was primarily due to the $540.9 million, or 55.6%, decline in wholesale production, which has a lower incremental personnel cost than retail production, partially offset by the $139.2 million, or 22.3%, growth in retail production, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period last year. The $0.5 million increase in medical and other benefits during the three months ended June 30, 2006 over the comparable period a year ago is primarily due to a $0.3 million increase in group insurance costs and a $0.2 million increase in the 401(k) company match. During the three months ended June 30, 2005, the forfeiture reserve was used to match employee contributions to the 401(k) plan. The $0.1 million increase in other personnel expense during the three months ended June 30, 2006 over the comparable period a year ago was primarily due to an increase in employee recruitment. The $0.8 million decrease in compensation expense resulted primarily from a $1.6 million decrease in commissions, bonuses and incentives, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in compensation costs related to the issuance of restricted stock awards and a $0.2 million increase in overtime. The $1.6 million decrease in commissions, bonuses and incentives was primarily due to the $401.7 million, or 25.2%, decrease in total loan production during the three months ended June 30, 2006 when compared to the same three-month period a year ago, partially offset by a $0.2 million increase related to the activity in our loan closing subsidiary, AaRCS.
Personnel expense grew by $3.1 million, to $46.5 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable six-month period a year ago. This was principally due to an increase of $6.5 million in compensation expense and a $0.5 million increase in medical and other benefits, partially offset by a $3.7 million increase in deferred loan origination costs and a $0.2 million decrease in other personnel expense. The $6.5 million growth in compensation expense resulted primarily from a $2.9 million increase in commissions, bonuses and incentives, together with a $0.9 million increase in management bonus incentives, a $1.4 million increase in salary expense and a $0.1 million charge for termination benefits related to the closure of two of our wholesale operating centers on March 31, 2006. In addition, compensation costs related to the issuance of restricted stock awards, payroll taxes and temporary help costs grew by $0.8 million, $0.2 million, and $0.3 million, respectively, during the six months ended
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June 30, 2006 when compared to the same six month period a year ago. The $2.9 million growth in commissions, bonuses and incentives was primarily due to the $368.7 million, or 32.3%, increase in retail loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 when compared to the same six-month period a year ago, as well as to a $0.5 million increase related to the activity in our loan closing subsidiary, AaRCS. This was partially offset by the $566.6 million, or 31.2%, decrease in wholesale loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 when compared to the six-month period a year ago. The $3.7 million increase in deferred personnel costs on mortgage loans originated was primarily due to the change in the composition of loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006. Production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 had a higher percentage of retail production, which has a higher incremental personnel cost, when compared to the mix of loans originated during the six months ended June 30, 2005, which was comprised of more wholesale production. The $0.2 million decline in other personnel expense during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the comparable period a year ago was attributable to lower employee recruitment costs.
Production. Production expense grew by $0.5 million, to $9.1 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the three months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to an increase of $0.6 million in advertising costs.
Production expense, when expressed as a percentage of total loan origination volume, grew to 0.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 over 0.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2005, primarily due to a decrease in production volume while production expense increased during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Production expense grew by $1.1 million, to $18.5 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to an increase of $1.2 million in advertising costs.
Production expense, when expressed as a percentage of total loan origination volume, grew to 0.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 over 0.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2005, primarily due to a decrease in production volume while production expense increased during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expense declined by $2.3 million, to $12.7 million, during the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the three months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to a $3.1 million decrease in legal expense, partially offset by a $0.2 million increase in professional fees.
During the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, our rent payments totaled $2.8 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and we received total sublease payments of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
General and administrative expense grew by $1.0 million, to $26.9 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006 from the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to a $2.5 million increase in occupancy expense, a $0.2 million increase in communication expense and a $0.4 million increase in professional fees, partially offset by a $3.2 million decrease in legal expense. Contributing to the growth in occupancy expense was a $0.7 million charge for the termination of the leases at two of our wholesale operating centers and a $1.5 million charge for the termination of the lease at our former headquarters location due to a change in its lease status.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, our rent payments totaled $7.8 million and $6.2 million, respectively, and we received total sublease payments of $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.
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Income Tax Provision (Benefit)
During the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded an income tax provision of $0.04 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Our $0.04 million income tax provision for the three months ended June 30, 2006 differed from an expected federal income tax provision of $2.5 million calculated at the federal marginal tax rate of 35.0% primarily due to the $2.7 million benefit related to the non-taxability of the REIT earnings and the $0.1 million state tax benefit, partially offset by the $0.3 million provision resulting from the increase in the tax valuation allowance. Our $0.7 million income tax provision for the three months ended June 30, 2005 differed from an expected federal income tax benefit of $7.7 million calculated at the federal marginal tax rate of 35.0% primarily due to the $9.5 million provision resulting from the increase in the tax valuation allowance, partially offset by the $0.5 million benefit related to the non-taxability of the REIT earnings and the $0.7 million state tax benefit.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded an income tax provision of $0.06 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Our $0.06 million income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2006 differed from an expected federal income tax benefit of $2.2 million calculated at the federal marginal tax rate of 35.0% primarily due to the $8.5 million provision resulting from the increase in the tax valuation allowance, partially offset by the $5.3 million benefit related to the non-taxability of the REIT earnings and the $1.0 million state tax benefit. Our $1.4 million income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2005 differed from an expected federal income tax benefit of $7.7 million calculated at the federal marginal tax rate of 35.0% primarily due to the $19.4 million provision resulting from the increase in the tax valuation allowance, partially offset by the $8.9 million benefit related to the non-taxability of the REIT earnings and the $1.4 million state tax benefit.
MORTGAGE LOAN PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
On May 2, 2006, we securitized $611.5 million of mortgage loans through an on-balance sheet securitization. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we securitized $3.7 billion of mortgage loans through the completion of four on-balance sheet transactions, and during the year ended December 31, 2004, we securitized $1.2 billion of mortgage loans through the completion of one on-balance sheet transaction. These securitizations were structured as on-balance sheet securitizations for accounting purposes under SFAS 140. Prior to our reorganization, Aames Financial’s previous securitizations were structured as off-balance sheet securitizations for accounting purposes under SFAS 140. We expect net interest income from our REIT portfolio of mortgage loans to generate a substantial portion of our earnings.
The following table sets forth information regarding our on-balance sheet securitizations for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Increase | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | | 2006 | | 2005 | | (Decrease) | |
On-balance sheet securitizations | | $ | 611,536 | | $ | 1,158,029 | | $ | (546,493 | ) | $ | 611,536 | | $ | 2,356,511 | | $ | (1,744,975 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
We have not established a limit on the amount of leverage we may incur, but we expect our leverage to decline as our REIT portfolio continues to run off until the merger with Accredited is completed. Our current leverage is approximately 12.9 times the amount of our consolidated stockholders’ equity.
A significant risk to our operations that relates to our REIT portfolio management is the risk that our net interest income will decline because interest rates on our assets will not adjust at the same time or amount as the rates on our liabilities adjust. This is because the interest on the underlying hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans is based on fixed rates payable on the underlying loans for the first
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two or three years from origination, while the holders of the applicable bonds issued in securitizations are generally paid based on an adjustable one-month LIBOR-based yield. Moreover, even after the initial fixed period, our loans generally adjust every six months and are subject to periodic rate caps, whereas the bonds adjust monthly based primarily on one-month LIBOR and are not capped. Therefore, an increase in one-month LIBOR generally reduces the net interest income we receive from our securitized loan portfolio.
We attempt to mitigate a portion of this net interest margin variability during the first two years after loan origination primarily by purchasing derivative financial instruments referred to as interest rate cap agreements and to a much lesser extent, by entering interest rate swap agreements. We do not use formalized hedge accounting for our derivative financial instruments as set forth in generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. Instead, we are required to record the change in the value of the derivatives as a component of earnings even though they may reduce our interest risk. In times when short-term rates drop significantly, the value of our interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swap agreements will decrease; in times when short-term rates increase, the value of these agreements will increase. The interest rate cap agreements are designed to exchange the cost of our variable rate liabilities to fixed rates for the first two years of their estimated duration, thereby better matching our interest-earning hybrid/adjustable rate mortgage loans during the initial fixed rate period.
In addition, the net interest income we receive from securitizations will be reduced if there are a significant amount of loan defaults or loan prepayments, especially on loans with interest rates that are high relative to the rest of the securitized mortgage loan pool.
INVESTMENT AND OPERATIONAL POLICIES
Our investment strategy is subject to change if and when our Board of Directors determines that a change is in our stockholders’ best interest. Neither stockholder approval nor notification is required prior to changing our investment strategy.
If we change our investment strategy, the new strategy may entail more risk than our current investment strategy. Alternative strategies that our Board of Directors may choose to put in place include:
· purposefully exposing the value of our holdings to changes in interest rates or changes in the difference between short- and long-term rates; or
· holding mortgage-backed securities with a credit rating lower than AAA or mortgage-backed securities collateralized by mortgage loans originated by and purchased from third parties.
Mortgage Loans
In general, our strategy is to maintain a portfolio of mortgage loans primarily originated by Aames Financial. Our mortgage loans are generally underwritten in accordance with the categories and criteria described in our underwriting guidelines. For further information, please see “Business-Underwriting Standards” in our December 31, 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Mortgage-backed Securities
Our current REIT portfolio consists of mortgage loans originated by Aames Financial that collateralize mortgage-backed bonds, as well as mortgage loans originated by Aames Financial that will collateralize future mortgage-backed securitizations. From time to time, under certain market conditions, we may acquire and hold mortgage-backed securities issued by third parties. Any such mortgage-backed securities would be expected to be backed primarily by first mortgages on one- to four-family dwellings and are expected to be rated by S&P or Moody’s. We have not previously acquired or held any third-party mortgage-backed securities in our investment portfolio.
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Leverage Policy
We employ a leverage strategy by securitizing existing mortgages in transactions that we believe will be treated as borrowings for accounting and tax purposes. We have not established a limit on the amount of leverage we may incur, but we expect our leverage to decline as our REIT portfolio continues to run off until the Merger with Accredited is completed. Our current leverage is approximately 12 times the amount of our consolidated stockholders’ equity.
Hedging Policy
To mitigate the adverse effects from interest rate increases on our mortgage loans held for sale or investment, we use several tools and risk management strategies to monitor and address interest rate risk. We believe that these tools allow us to monitor and evaluate our exposure to interest rates and to manage the risk profile of our mortgage loan portfolio in response to changes in market conditions. As part of our interest rate risk management process, we have used derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate cap agreements, interest rate swap agreements, Treasury futures and options on interest rates. We may also use other hedging instruments including mortgage derivative securities, when necessary. Hedging strategies also involve transaction and other costs. Because we use derivative financial instruments more than we did prior to the 2004 REIT reorganization, the aggregate costs to us of entering into contracts for these instruments is significantly higher than in the past.
The derivative financial instruments that we currently use are primarily interest rate cap agreements and, to a much lesser extent, interest rate swap agreements. These derivative financial instruments have an active secondary market and are intended to provide supplemental income and cash flow to offset potential reduced interest income and cash flow in certain interest rate environments. It is not our policy to use derivatives to speculate on interest rates. We report our derivative financial instruments on our consolidated balance sheet at their fair value with any changes in fair value reported as either a gain or loss to the consolidated statement of operations.
Financing Policy
We may raise funds through additional equity offerings, debt financings, retention of cash flow subject to Internal Revenue Code provisions regarding distribution requirements and taxability of undistributed REIT taxable income or a combination of these methods. In March 2006, we announced a corporate restructuring that would eliminate Aames Investment’s REIT status at the parent company level and also eliminate the requirement to distribute at least 90% of our earnings to public stockholders. We could therefore retain that capital for internal growth. However, after entering into the Merger Agreement, we determined that we would not pursue the restructuring strategy. If our Board of Directors decides to raise additional equity capital, it has the authority to issue additional common or preferred stock, in any manner and on terms it deems appropriate, up to the amount authorized in our articles of incorporation without stockholder approval.
On November 4, 2005, our Form S-3 self registration statement, filed for the purpose of selling our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities or other securities in one or more offerings up to an aggregate dollar amount of $500.0 million, was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission. As part of the Form S-3 filing, we also registered 5.0 million shares of common stock issuable in connection with our Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan. As a result of our pending Merger with Accredited, we currently do not intend to issue any securities under that S-3 Registration Statement.
Currently, our borrowings consist primarily of funds borrowed under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and on-balance sheet securitization financings on loans held for investment. In addition, we have a revolving credit facility collateralized by subordinated mortgage-backed bonds which
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we have retained in our on-balance sheet securitizations. We also have a revolving line of credit with a Southern California commercial bank that is secured by all of our corporate assets, excluding loans pledged under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities. Future borrowings may be in the form of bank borrowings, secured or unsecured, and publicly or privately placed debt instruments, purchase money obligations to the sellers of assets, long-term, tax-exempt bonds or other publicly or privately placed debt instruments, financing from banks, institutional investors or other lenders, and securitizations, including collateralized debt obligations, any of which may be unsecured or secured by mortgages or other interests in the assets. This indebtedness may entail recourse to all or any part of our assets or may be limited to the particular assets to which the indebtedness relates.
We enter into collateralized borrowings only with institutions that we believe are financially sound and that are rated investment grade by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization.
MORTGAGE LOAN ORIGINATIONS
As of June 30, 2006 Aames Financial originated loans in 44 states through its retail and wholesale channels. On June 26, 2006, we announced the sale of our wholesale operations to Accredited, which was completed in July 2006. See “Recent Events—Sale of Aames’ Wholesale Operations to Accredited.” Its retail channel had a network of 76 retail branch offices directly serving borrowers throughout the United States. From time to time, depending on market conditions and attractiveness of terms, we may supplement our loan production by purchasing mortgage loans from secondary market sellers.
The following table shows our total loan production by retail and wholesale channels for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Loans Funded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail | | $ | 763,979 | | $ | 624,816 | | $ | 746,131 | | $ | 1,510,110 | | $ | 1,141,374 | |
Wholesale | | 431,291 | | 972,198 | | 819,393 | | 1,250,684 | | 1,817,256 | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | $ | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
% of Total: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail | | 63.9 | % | 39.1 | % | 47.7 | % | 54.7 | % | 38.6 | % |
Wholesale | | 36.1 | % | 60.9 | % | 52.3 | % | 45.3 | % | 61.4 | % |
Total | | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % |
A significant risk to our mortgage loan originations operations is liquidity risk—the risk that we will not have the financing facilities and cash available to fund and hold loans prior to their sale or securitization. We maintain committed borrowing facilities with large banking and investment institutions to reduce this risk.
Our Retail Channel
We generate loan applications for our retail loan office network principally through a direct response marketing program, which relies primarily on the use of direct mailings to homeowners, telemarketing and Internet generated leads and through referrals from our customers, real estate agents and others. We generate customer leads for the retail network based upon models that we have derived and commercially developed customer lists. Our direct mail invites prospective borrowers to call us to apply for a loan. We also generate leads through several commercially available Internet sites as well as through our own retail Internet web site “Aames.com”. We believe that our marketing efforts establish name recognition and serve to distinguish us from our competitors. We continually monitor the source of our applications to
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determine the most effective methods and manner of marketing. Whether generated through direct mail or the Internet, leads are generally followed up with telephone calls to potential customers. Our loan officers at the local retail loan office pre-qualify a potential customer and if the customer is interested, takes an application over the telephone or schedules an appointment with the customer at the retail loan office most conveniently located to the customer or in the customer’s home, depending on the customer’s needs.
The retail loan officer assists the applicant in completing the loan application, arranges for an appraisal, orders a credit report from an independent, nationally recognized credit reporting agency and performs various other tasks in connection with the completion of the loan package. The loan package is underwritten for loan approval on a centralized basis. If we approve the loan package, the loan is funded. Our loan officers are trained to structure loans that meet the applicant’s needs while satisfying our lending guidelines.
We continually monitor our retail operations in the markets in which we operate and evaluate existing and potential retail offices on the basis of selected demographic statistics, marketing analyses and other criteria that we have developed in order to further enhance our mortgage loan production capabilities. As part of this evaluation process, we have closed retail branches in markets where it was not financially feasible to continue to service the market area in this manner. However, we continue to service many of these areas through our wholesale channel and the Internet.
Total Loan Production
The following table presents certain information about our loan production at or for the periods indicated:
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Retail Production: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total dollar amount (in thousands) | | $ | 763,979 | | $ | 624,816 | | $ | 746,131 | | $ | 1,510,110 | | $ | 1,141,374 | |
Number of loans | | 5,026 | | 4,315 | | 4,814 | | 9,840 | | 8,033 | |
Average loan amount | | $ | 152,005 | | $ | 144,801 | | $ | 154,992 | | $ | 153,466 | | $ | 142,086 | |
Average initial LTV | | 74.78 | % | 76.33 | % | 74.44 | % | 74.61 | % | 76.12 | % |
Weighted average interest rate(2) | | 8.69 | % | 7.37 | % | 8.13 | % | 8.41 | % | 7.44 | % |
Retail branch offices at period end | | 76 | | 84 | | 76 | | 76 | | 84 | |
Wholesale Production(1): | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total dollar amount (in thousands) | | $ | 431,291 | | $ | 972,198 | | $ | 819,393 | | $ | 1,250,684 | | $ | 1,817,256 | |
Number of loans | | 3,141 | | 6,830 | | 5,702 | | 8,843 | | 12,858 | |
Average loan amount | | $ | 137,310 | | $ | 142,342 | | $ | 143,703 | | $ | 141,432 | | $ | 141,333 | |
Average initial LTV | | 80.98 | % | 80.38 | % | 82.06 | % | 81.69 | % | 80.79 | % |
Weighted average interest rate(2) | | 8.77 | % | 7.66 | % | 8.63 | % | 8.68 | % | 7.63 | % |
Regional wholesale operations centers at period end | | 1 | | 4 | | 3 | | 1 | | 4 | |
Total Production: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total dollar amount (in thousands) | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | $ | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
Number of loans | | 8,167 | | 11,145 | | 10,516 | | 18,683 | | 20,891 | |
Average loan amount | | $ | 146,354 | | $ | 143,294 | | $ | 148,871 | | $ | 147,770 | | $ | 141,622 | |
Average initial LTV | | 77.02 | % | 78.79 | % | 78.43 | % | 77.82 | % | 78.98 | % |
Weighted average interest rate(2) | | 8.72 | % | 7.55 | % | 8.39 | % | 8.53 | % | 7.56 | % |
(1) From 1996 through July 2006, we originated loans through a wholesale channel which was sold to Accredited in July 2006.
(2) Calculated with respect to the interest rate at the time we originated or purchased the mortgage loan.
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The following table presents changes in total production, number of loans, and average loan amount for the periods indicated:
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, 206 | | June 30, 206 | | June 30, | |
| | vs June 30, 2005 | | vs March 31, 2006 | | 2006 vs. 2005 | |
| | Amount | | % | | Amount | | % | | Amount | | % | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Increase (Decrease) in Total Production: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail | | $ | 139,163 | | 22.3 | % | $ | 17,848 | | 2.4 | % | $ | 368,736 | | 32.3 | % |
Wholesale | | (540,907 | ) | (55.6 | )% | (388,102 | ) | (47.4 | )% | (566,572 | ) | (31.2 | )% |
Total | | $ | (401,744 | ) | (25.2 | )% | $ | (370,254 | ) | (23.7 | )% | $ | (197,836 | ) | (6.7 | )% |
Increase (Decrease) in Number of Loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail | | 711 | | 16.5 | % | 212 | | 4.4 | % | 1,807 | | 22.5 | % |
Wholesale | | (3,689 | ) | (54.0 | )% | (2,561 | ) | (44.9 | )% | (4,015 | ) | (31.2 | )% |
Total | | (2,978 | ) | (26.7 | )% | (2,349 | ) | (22.3 | )% | (2,208 | ) | (10.6 | )% |
Increase (Decrease) in Average Loan Amount: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail | | $ | 7,204 | | 5.0 | % | $ | (2,987 | ) | (1.9 | )% | $ | 11,381 | | 8.0 | % |
Wholesale | | (5,032 | ) | (3.5 | )% | (6,393 | ) | (4.4 | )% | 99 | | 0.1 | % |
Total | | 3,059 | | 2.1 | % | (2,517 | ) | (1.7 | )% | 6,148 | | 4.3 | % |
Total loan production during the three months ended June 30, 2006 declined by $370.3 million, or 23.7%, to $1.2 billion from the $1.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2006, and declined by $401.7 million, or 25.2%, from $1.6 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2005. The $370.3 million decline during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily due to a decrease of 2,349, or 22.3%, in the number of loans originated, as well as to a decrease of $2,517, or 1.7%, in the average loan amount originated. The $401.7 million decline during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago was due to a decrease of 2,978, or 26.7%, in the number of loans originated, partially offset by an increase of $3,059, or 2.1%, in the average loan amount originated. The overall decline in loan production for the three months ended June 30, 2006 from the prior three-month period ended March 31, 2006 was primarily due to competitive pressures in the marketplace due to increases in short-term interest rates, and the elimination of certain 80% LTV first lien and simultaneous 20% LTV second lien (100% combined LTV) purchase money loans for borrowers with lower credit scores and stated income which negatively impacted our loan production, especially in wholesale, for the three months ended June 30, 2006.
Total loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 declined by $197.8 million, or 6.7%, to $2.8 billion from the $3.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This decline was due to a decrease of 2,208, or 10.6%, in the number of loans originated, partially offset by an increase of $6,148, or 4.3%, in the average loan amount originated.
Total retail production during the three months ended June 30, 2006 grew by $17.8 million, or 2.4%, to $764.0 million over the $746.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, and grew by $139.2 million, or 22.3%, over $624.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005. The $17.8 million growth during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006 was due to an increase of 212, or 4.4%, in the number of loans originated, partially offset by a decrease of $2,987, or 1.9%, in the average loan amount originated. The $139.2 million growth during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago was principally due to an increase of
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711, or 16.5%, in the number of loans originated, coupled with an increase of $7,204, or 5.0%, in the average loan amount originated.
Total retail production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 grew by $368.7 million, or 32.3%, to $1.5 billion over the $1.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This growth was principally due to an increase of 1,807, or 22.5%, in the number of loans originated, coupled with an increase of $11,381, or 8.0%, in the average loan amount originated.
Total wholesale production during the three months ended June 30, 2006 declined by $388.1 million, or 47.4%, to $431.3 million from the $819.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, and declined by $540.9 million, or 55.6%, from $972.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005. The $388.1 million decline during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily due to a decrease of 2,561, or 44.9%, in the number of loans originated, coupled with a $6,393, or 4.4%, decline in average loan amount originated. The $540.9 million decline during the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period a year ago was principally due to a decrease of 3,689, or 54.0%, in the number of loans originated, coupled with a decrease of $5,032, or 3.5%, in the average loan amount originated.
Total wholesale production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 declined by $566.6 million, or 31.2%, to $1.3 billion from the $1.8 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This decline was due to a decrease of 4,015, or 31.2%, in the number of loans originated.
The following tables summarize certain information about our loan production by purpose and property type for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
Purpose | | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Loans Funded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash-out refinance | | $ | 790,093 | | $ | 900,379 | | $ | 950,589 | | $ | 1,740,682 | | $ | 1,699,747 | |
Purchase money | | 344,458 | | 645,301 | | 559,527 | | 903,985 | | 1,164,929 | |
Rate/term refinance | | 60,719 | | 51,334 | | 55,408 | | 116,127 | | 93,954 | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | $ | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
% of Total: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash-out refinance | | 66.1 | % | 56.4 | % | 60.7 | % | 63.1 | % | 57.4 | % |
Purchase money | | 28.8 | % | 40.4 | % | 35.8 | % | 32.7 | % | 39.4 | % |
Rate/term refinance | | 5.1 | % | 3.2 | % | 3.5 | % | 4.2 | % | 3.2 | % |
Total | | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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A majority of our purchase money loan originations was originated through our wholesale channel. As a result of the sale of our wholesale business to Accredited, we expect the dollar volume and percentage of our purchase money mortgage loans to decrease in the coming quarters to under 10%.
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
Property Type | | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Loans Funded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Single-family residence | | $ | 1,064,357 | | $ | 1,399,906 | | $ | 1,359,045 | | $ | 2,423,402 | | $ | 2,594,833 | |
Multi-family residence | | 64,715 | | 114,499 | | 106,542 | | 171,257 | | 208,898 | |
Condominiums | | 66,198 | | 82,609 | | 99,937 | | 166,135 | | 154,899 | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | $ | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
% of Total: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Single-family residence | | 89.1 | % | 87.6 | % | 86.8 | % | 87.8 | % | 87.7 | % |
Multi-family residence | | 5.4 | % | 7.2 | % | 6.8 | % | 6.2 | % | 7.1 | % |
Condominiums | | 5.5 | % | 5.2 | % | 6.4 | % | 6.0 | % | 5.2 | % |
Total | | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following tables show our loan production by geographic region (i.e., state of mortgage property) for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Loans Funded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
California | | $ | 215,895 | | $ | 439,308 | | $ | 322,733 | | $ | 538,628 | | $ | 812,230 | |
Florida | | 313,855 | | 372,851 | | 424,039 | | 737,894 | | 669,702 | |
New York | | 109,071 | | 94,357 | | 121,819 | | 230,890 | | 187,915 | |
Texas | | 120,378 | | 136,411 | | 130,170 | | 250,548 | | 247,803 | |
Other Western States (AZ, CO, HI, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY) | | 113,108 | | 128,581 | | 133,245 | | 246,353 | | 267,872 | |
Midwestern States (IL, IN, IA, KS, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI) | | 65,684 | | 101,325 | | 84,691 | | 150,375 | | 196,551 | |
Other Northeastern States (CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, PA, RI) | | 164,407 | | 177,435 | | 199,534 | | 363,941 | | 323,288 | |
Other Southeastern States (AR, GA, KY, LA, MS, NC, OK, TN, VA, WV) | | 92,872 | | 146,746 | | 149,293 | | 242,165 | | 253,269 | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
38
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
% of Total: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
California | | 18.1 | % | 27.5 | % | | 20.6 | % | | | 19.5 | % | | | 27.5 | % | |
Florida | | 26.2 | % | 23.4 | % | | 27.1 | % | | | 26.7 | % | | | 22.6 | % | |
New York | | 9.1 | % | 5.9 | % | | 7.8 | % | | | 8.4 | % | | | 6.4 | % | |
Texas | | 10.1 | % | 8.5 | % | | 8.3 | % | | | 9.1 | % | | | 8.4 | % | |
Other Western States (AZ, CO, HI, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY) | | 9.5 | % | 8.1 | % | | 8.5 | % | | | 8.9 | % | | | 9.1 | % | |
Midwestern States (IL, IN, IA, KS, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI) | | 5.5 | % | 6.3 | % | | 5.4 | % | | | 5.4 | % | | | 6.6 | % | |
Other Northeastern States (CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, PA, RI) | | 13.7 | % | 11.1 | % | | 12.8 | % | | | 13.2 | % | | | 10.9 | % | |
Other Southeastern States (AR, GA, KY, LA, MS, NC, OK, TN, VA, WV) | | 7.8 | % | 9.2 | % | | 9.5 | % | | | 8.8 | % | | | 8.5 | % | |
Total | | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | |
The following tables summarize certain information by loan product about our loan production for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Loans Funded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hybrid: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional | | $ | 459,747 | | $ | 976,427 | | $ | 688,062 | | 1,147,809 | | $ | 1,923,946 | |
Interest Only | | 11,947 | | 190,110 | | 30,131 | | 42,078 | | 338,918 | |
40/30 | | 489,974 | | 38,190 | | 540,549 | | 1,030,523 | | 38,190 | |
| | 961,668 | | 1,204,727 | | 1,258,742 | | 2,220,410 | | 2,301,054 | |
Fixed rate: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional | | 216,924 | | 392,287 | | 279,316 | | 496,240 | | 657,576 | |
40/30 | | 16,678 | | — | | 27,466 | | 44,144 | | — | |
| | 233,602 | | 392,287 | | 306,782 | | 540,384 | | 657,576 | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | $ | 1,597,014 | | $ | 1,565,524 | | 2,760,794 | | $ | 2,958,630 | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | | March 31, | | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
% of Total: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hybrid: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional | | 38.5 | % | 61.1 | % | | 44.0 | % | | | 41.6 | % | | | 65.0 | % | |
Interest Only | | 1.0 | % | 11.9 | % | | 1.9 | % | | | 1.5 | % | | | 11.5 | % | |
40/30 | | 41.0 | % | 2.4 | % | | 34.5 | % | | | 37.3 | % | | | 1.3 | % | |
| | 80.5 | % | 75.4 | % | | 80.4 | % | | | 80.4 | % | | | 77.8 | % | |
Fixed rate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional | | 18.1 | % | 24.6 | % | | 17.8 | % | | | 18.0 | % | | | 22.2 | % | |
40/30 | | 1.4 | % | 0.0 | % | | 1.8 | % | | | 1.6 | % | | | 0.0 | % | |
| | 19.5 | % | 24.6 | % | | 19.6 | % | | | 19.6 | % | | | 22.2 | % | |
Total | | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | |
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LOAN PRODUCTION BY BORROWER RISK CLASSIFICATION
The following tables set forth our loan production under Super Aim guidelines for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Credit | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Score | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Grade: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A+ | | $ | 877,927 | | | 73 | % | | | 625 | | | | 8.5 | % | | | 78 | % | |
A | | 158,041 | | | 13 | % | | | 587 | | | | 8.7 | % | | | 75 | % | |
A- | | 63,346 | | | 5 | % | | | 567 | | | | 9.5 | % | | | 74 | % | |
B | | 58,623 | | | 5 | % | | | 552 | | | | 10.2 | % | | | 73 | % | |
C | | 30,529 | | | 3 | % | | | 545 | | | | 10.5 | % | | | 70 | % | |
C- | | 6,804 | | | 1 | % | | | 543 | | | | 11.5 | % | | | 64 | % | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | | 100 | % | | | 611 | | | | 8.7 | % | | | 77 | % | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Credit | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Score | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Grade: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A+ | | $ | 1,209,249 | | | 76 | % | | | 629 | | | | 7.5 | % | | | 81 | % | |
A | | 205,063 | | | 13 | % | | | 625 | | | | 7.1 | % | | | 72 | % | |
A- | | 57,317 | | | 4 | % | | | 566 | | | | 8.1 | % | | | 76 | % | |
B | | 82,829 | | | 5 | % | | | 560 | | | | 8.5 | % | | | 76 | % | |
C | | 35,445 | | | 2 | % | | | 553 | | | | 9.1 | % | | | 70 | % | |
C- | | 7,111 | | | 0 | % | | | 536 | | | | 10.6 | % | | | 66 | % | |
Total | | $ | 1,597,014 | | | 100 | % | | | 620 | | | | 7.6 | % | | | 79 | % | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Credit | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Score | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Grade: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A+ | | $ | 2,093,564 | | | 76 | % | | | 625 | | | | 8.3 | % | | | 79 | % | |
A | | 322,436 | | | 12 | % | | | 588 | | | | 8.6 | % | | | 76 | % | |
A- | | 131,999 | | | 5 | % | | | 566 | | | | 9.2 | % | | | 74 | % | |
B | | 133,372 | | | 5 | % | | | 554 | | | | 9.9 | % | | | 74 | % | |
C | | 63,024 | | | 2 | % | | | 543 | | | | 10.3 | % | | | 69 | % | |
C- | | 16,399 | | | 1 | % | | | 542 | | | | 11.2 | % | | | 64 | % | |
Total | | $ | 2,760,794 | | | 100 | % | | | 612 | | | | 8.5 | % | | | 78 | % | |
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| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Credit | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Score | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Grade: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
A+ | | $ | 2,254,464 | | | 76 | % | | | 628 | | | | 7.4 | % | | | 81 | % | |
A | | 340,386 | | | 12 | % | | | 609 | | | | 7.3 | % | | | 74 | % | |
A- | | 114,982 | | | 4 | % | | | 561 | | | | 8.0 | % | | | 76 | % | |
B | | 159,407 | | | 5 | % | | | 559 | | | | 8.5 | % | | | 76 | % | |
C | | 72,978 | | | 2 | % | | | 552 | | | | 9.0 | % | | | 70 | % | |
C- | | 16,413 | | | 1 | % | | | 544 | | | | 10.5 | % | | | 65 | % | |
Total | | $ | 2,958,630 | | | 100 | % | | | 617 | | | | 7.6 | % | | | 79 | % | |
(1) Calculated with respect to the interest rate at the time the mortgage loan was originated or purchased.
The following tables present certain information about our loan production by credit score range for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Score Range: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Above 700 | | $ | 65,767 | | | 6 | % | | | 8.1 | % | | | 78 | % | |
661-700 | | 144,752 | | | 12 | % | | | 8.1 | % | | | 78 | % | |
621-660 | | 326,466 | | | 27 | % | | | 8.4 | % | | | 78 | % | |
581-620 | | 321,204 | | | 27 | % | | | 8.6 | % | | | 78 | % | |
541-580 | | 180,850 | | | 15 | % | | | 9.2 | % | | | 74 | % | |
540 and below | | 155,869 | | | 13 | % | | | 10.0 | % | | | 73 | % | |
Not available | | 362 | | | NM | | | | 8.8 | % | | | 75 | % | |
Total | | $ | 1,195,270 | | | 100 | % | | | 8.7 | % | | | 77 | % | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Score Range: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Above 700 | | $ | 140,071 | | | 8 | % | | | 6.6 | % | | | 73 | % | |
661-700 | | 218,264 | | | 14 | % | | | 7.0 | % | | | 79 | % | |
621-660 | | 426,012 | | | 27 | % | | | 7.3 | % | | | 81 | % | |
581-620 | | 428,174 | | | 27 | % | | | 7.6 | % | | | 80 | % | |
541-580 | | 226,715 | | | 14 | % | | | 8.1 | % | | | 79 | % | |
540 and below | | 154,924 | | | 10 | % | | | 8.8 | % | | | 74 | % | |
Not available | | 2,854 | | | NM | | | | 8.0 | % | | | 72 | % | |
Total | | $ | 1,597,014 | | | 100 | % | | | 7.6 | % | | | 79 | % | |
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| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | Average | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Score Range: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Above 700 | | $ | 158,813 | | | 6 | % | | | 7.9 | % | | | 79 | % | |
661-700 | | 335,397 | | | 12 | % | | | 8.0 | % | | | 79 | % | |
621-660 | | 759,266 | | | 28 | % | | | 8.3 | % | | | 79 | % | |
581-620 | | 747,250 | | | 27 | % | | | 8.4 | % | | | 79 | % | |
541-580 | | 417,667 | | | 15 | % | | | 9.0 | % | | | 76 | % | |
540 and below | | 341,318 | | | 12 | % | | | 9.6 | % | | | 73 | % | |
Not available | | 1,083 | | | NM | | | | 8.9 | % | | | 80 | % | |
Total | | $ | 2,760,794 | | | 100 | % | | | 8.5 | % | | | 78 | % | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | Weighted | |
| | | | | | Average | | Average | |
| | Loans | | % of | | Interest | | Loan-to-Value | |
| | Funded | | Total | | Rate(1) | | Ratio | |
Credit Score Range: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Above 700 | | $ | 228,556 | | | 8 | % | | | 6.8 | % | | | 75 | % | |
661-700 | | 394,716 | | | 13 | % | | | 7.0 | % | | | 79 | % | |
621-660 | | 797,235 | | | 27 | % | | | 7.3 | % | | | 81 | % | |
581-620 | | 758,084 | | | 26 | % | | | 7.5 | % | | | 80 | % | |
541-580 | | 457,191 | | | 15 | % | | | 8.1 | % | | | 79 | % | |
540 and below | | 318,830 | | | 11 | % | | | 8.7 | % | | | 74 | % | |
Not available | | 4,018 | | | NM | | | | 8.1 | % | | | 76 | % | |
Total | | $ | 2,958,630 | | | 100 | % | | | 7.6 | % | | | 79 | % | |
(1) Calculated with respect to the interest rate at the time the loan was originated or purchased.
NM = Not Meaningful
Quality Control
Our quality control program is intended to monitor and improve the overall quality of loan production generated by our retail channel and wholesale channel and identify and communicate to management existing or potential underwriting and loan packaging problems or areas of concern. The quality control file review examines compliance with our underwriting guidelines and federal and state regulations. This is accomplished by focusing on:
· the accuracy of all credit and legal information;
· a collateral analysis;
· employment and/or income verification; and
· legal document review to ensure that the necessary documents are in place.
MORTGAGE LOAN SALES TO THIRD PARTIES
Aames Financial uses the majority of the net proceeds from its whole loan sales to third parties to pay down its revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities in order to increase capacity under these facilities
42
for future funding of mortgage loans. Proceeds we receive from on-balance sheet securitization financings on loans held for investment are also used to pay down our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities.
The following table sets forth information regarding our whole loan sales to third parties for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | | | | |
| | June 30, | | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | Amount | | % | |
Whole loan sales | | $ | 1,488,719 | | $ | 410,714 | | $ | 1,078,005 | | 262.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended | | | | | |
| | June 30, | | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | Amount | | % | |
Whole loan sales | | $ | 2,983,567 | | $ | 731,352 | | $ | 2,252,215 | | 308.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Our whole loan sales to third parties during the three months ended June 30, 2006 increased by $1.1 billion, or 262.5%, to $1.5 billion over $410.7 million during the comparable three-month period a year ago. Our whole loan sales to third parties during the six months ended June 30, 2006 increased by $2.3 billion, or 308.0%, to $3.0 billion over $731.4 million during the comparable six-month period a year ago. We achieved our targeted REIT portfolio leverage ratio during the third quarter of 2005 and since then have sold a larger percentage of our production into the secondary markets compared to the first two quarters of 2005, when we retained the majority of our loan production to build our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment. In addition, since announcing the proposed Merger with Accredited, we no longer retain mortgage loans for our REIT portfolio and sell all of our loan production in the secondary markets.
MORTGAGE LOAN SERVICING
We currently have in place a subprime mortgage loan servicing team with over 100 servicing employees and a scalable servicing platform. We have a servicing portfolio, including loans held for investment and loans held for sale, of approximately $5.0 billion at June 30, 2006. Aames Financial’s servicing platform has received a SQ3 rating from Moody’s and an RPS3-Rating from Fitch.
In addition to our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment, our servicing portfolio consists of loans serviced on an interim basis, including loans held for sale and loans sold to others and subserviced on an interim basis, and to a lesser extent, mortgage loans sold to others and subserviced on a long-term basis. Servicing includes collecting and remitting loan payments, accounting for principal and interest, contacting delinquent borrowers, managing borrower defaults and liquidating foreclosed properties. In order to maximize profitability and cash flow, we do not retain servicing on loans we sell to third parties in whole loan sales for cash.
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The following table sets forth information regarding our servicing portfolio as of the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
Mortgage loans serviced: | | | | | | | |
Loans held for investment | | $ | 3,425,581 | | | $ | 4,077,448 | | |
Loans serviced on an interim basis | | 1,433,887 | | | 1,926,876 | | |
Loans subserviced for others on a long-term basis | | 79,094 | | | 92,213 | | |
Total serviced in-house | | 4,938,562 | | | 6,096,537 | | |
Loans held for investment subserviced by others | | 48,151 | | | 50,202 | | |
Total servicing portfolio | | $ | 4,986,713 | | | $ | 6,146,739 | | |
Percentage serviced in-house | | 99.0 | % | | 99.2 | % | |
Our total loan servicing portfolio at June 30, 2006 declined by $1.2 billion, to $5.0 billion, from $6.1 billion at December 31, 2005, due primarily to decreases of $651.9 million and $493.0 million in servicing of loans held for investment and loans serviced on an interim basis, respectively. The decline in loans held for investment represents portfolio run-off, while the decline in loans serviced on an interim basis reflects the decrease in loans sold but not yet transferred to new servicers by whole loan buyers.
We receive servicing fees on our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment. We receive a servicing fee for loans subserviced for others on a long-term basis. In addition, as servicer we generally receive all prepayment fees, late fees and assumption charges paid by borrowers on loans that we service directly, as well as other miscellaneous fees for performing various loan servicing functions.
Our agreements with the securitization trusts typically require us, in our role as servicer, to advance principal and interest on delinquent loans to the holders of the senior bond interests in the related securitization trusts. The agreements also require us to make certain servicing advances (e.g., for property taxes or hazard insurance) unless we determine that those advances would not be recoverable.
Collections, Delinquencies and Foreclosures
We send borrowers a monthly billing statement approximately 10 days prior to the monthly payment due date. Although borrowers generally make loan payments within 10 to 15 days after the due date (the “grace period”), if a borrower fails to pay the monthly payment within this grace period, we begin collection efforts by notifying the borrower of the delinquency. In the case of borrowers with certain credit characteristics or with a poor payment history with us, collection efforts may begin immediately after the due date. We continue to make contact with the borrower to determine the cause of the delinquency and to obtain a commitment to cure the delinquency at the earliest possible time.
As a general matter, if efforts to obtain payment have not been successful, a pre-foreclosure notice will be sent to the borrower immediately after the due date of the next subsequently scheduled installment (five days after the initial due date for loans with certain credit characteristics), providing 30 days’ notice of impending foreclosure action. During the 30-day notice period, collection efforts continue and we evaluate various legal options and remedies to protect the value of the loan, including arranging for extended repayment terms, accepting a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, entering into a short sale (a sale for less than the outstanding principal amount) or commencing foreclosure proceedings. If no substantial progress has been made in collecting delinquent payments from the borrower, foreclosure proceedings will begin. Generally, we will begin foreclosure proceedings when a loan is 80 to 100 days delinquent, depending upon credit considerations, borrower bankruptcy status and state regulations.
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We monitor our servicing and collection practices to insure they comply with applicable laws and regulations and meet industry standards.
Subprime mortgage loans generally have higher delinquency rates than those prevailing in the mortgage industry. As a subprime mortgage lender, we have historically experienced delinquency rates that are higher than those prevailing in the mortgage industry due to the origination of lower credit grade mortgage loans. Delinquent loans are loans for which more than one payment is due.
Set forth below are our delinquency rates compared to delinquency rates for subprime mortgage loans (seasonally adjusted) and all mortgage loans (seasonally adjusted) according to the National Delinquency Survey of the Mortgage Bankers Association of America as of the dates indicated:
| | June 30, 2006 | | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
Aames Investment | | | 8.2 | % | | | 6.2 | % | | | 5.4 | % | |
Subprime Mortgage Loans | | | NYA | | | | 11.5 | % | | | 11.6 | % | |
All Mortgage Loans | | | NYA | | | | 4.4 | % | | | 4.7 | % | |
NYA = Not yet announced
The following table sets forth delinquency information relating to our servicing portfolio as of the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
Percentage of dollar amount of delinquent loans serviced (period end)(1)(2): | | | | | | | | | |
One month | | | 2.8 | % | | | 1.9 | % | |
Two months | | | 0.8 | % | | | 0.9 | % | |
Three or more months | | | | | | | | | |
Not foreclosed(3) | | | 4.0 | % | | | 2.5 | % | |
Foreclosed(4) | | | 0.6 | % | | | 0.1 | % | |
Total | | | 8.2 | % | | | 5.4 | % | |
Percentage of total dollar amount of delinquent loans in: | | | | | | | | | |
Loans held for investment | | | 9.9 | % | | | 7.0 | % | |
Loans serviced on an interim basis | | | 4.5 | % | | | 2.0 | % | |
Loans subserviced for others on a long-term basis | | | 8.7 | % | | | 8.9 | % | |
(1) Delinquent loans are loans for which more than one payment is due.
(2) The delinquency and foreclosure percentages are calculated on the basis of the total dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced by us including loans serviced on an interim basis.
(3) Represents loans which are in foreclosure but as to which foreclosure proceedings have not concluded.
(4) Represents properties acquired following a foreclosure sale and still serviced by us at period end.
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The following table summarizes the unpaid principal balance of delinquent loans as of the dates indicated in the total servicing portfolio (in thousands):
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
Loans held for investment | | $ | 340,052 | | | $ | 287,348 | | |
Loans serviced on an interim basis | | 65,265 | | | 38,437 | | |
Loans subserviced for others on a long-term basis | | 6,891 | | | 8,225 | | |
Total | | $ | 412,208 | | | $ | 334,010 | | |
Delinquent loans, by principal balance of the total servicing portfolio, grew to $412.2 million at June 30, 2006 from $334.0 million at December 31, 2005. The delinquency rate at June 30, 2006 was 8.2% compared to 5.4% at December 31, 2005. This increase in the delinquency rate was primarily due to an increase in the delinquency rate on our on-balance sheet REIT portfolio of mortgage, as well as to the growth in delinquencies in loans serviced on an interim basis. We expect the delinquency rate to increase in future periods due to the seasoning of our REIT portfolio.
The following table sets forth foreclosure and loss information relating to our servicing portfolio for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Percentage of dollar amount of loans foreclosed during the period to loans serviced (period end)(1)(2) | | 0.6 | % | 0.1 | % |
Number of loans foreclosed during the period | | 214 | | 83 | |
Principal amount of loans foreclosed during the period | | $ | 30,064 | | $ | 6,284 | |
Number of loans liquidated during the period | | 156 | | 151 | |
Net losses on liquidations during the period from(3): | | | | | |
Loans held for investment | | $ | 3,028 | | $ | 42 | |
Loans serviced on an interim basis | | 2,737 | | 2,646 | |
Loans subserviced for others on a long-term basis | | — | | 19 | |
Loans in off-balance sheet securitization trusts serviced in-house | | — | | 2,850 | |
Total | | $ | 5,765 | | $ | 5,557 | |
Percentage of annualized losses to servicing portfolio(1)(2) | | 0.2 | % | 0.2 | % |
Servicing portfolio at period end | | $ | 4,987,000 | | $ | 4,482,000 | |
(1) The delinquency and foreclosure percentages are calculated on the basis of the total dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced by us.
(2) The percentages were calculated to reflect the dollar volume of loans foreclosed or annualized losses, as the case may be, to the average dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced by us and any subservicer during the related periods indicated.
(3) Represents losses, net of gains, on properties sold through foreclosure or other default management activities during the periods indicated.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, net losses on loan liquidations increased $0.1 million to $5.7 million, from $5.6 million during the comparable six-month period during 2005. Of the $5.7 million of net losses on loan liquidations during the six months ended June 30, 2006, $3.0 million and $2.7 million related to mortgage loans held for investment and mortgage loans held for sale, respectively. We expect
46
net losses on loan liquidations to increase in future periods once our on-balance sheet REIT portfolio of mortgage loans becomes more seasoned and fewer new loans are added to the REIT portfolio.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
The following table presents changes in balance sheet account balances as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | | Increase (Decrease) | |
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market | | $ | 607,037 | | | $ | 951,177 | | | $ | (344,140 | ) |
Loans held for investment, net | | 3,398,074 | | | 4,085,536 | | | (687,462 | ) |
Advances and other receivables, net | | 38,377 | | | 39,591 | | | (1,214 | ) |
Equipment and improvements, net | | 10,987 | | | 10,810 | | | 177 | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | 47,556 | | | 30,713 | | | 16,843 | |
Derivative financial instruments, at estimated fair value | | 42,927 | | | 58,147 | | | (15,220 | ) |
Financings on loans held for investment | | 3,398,459 | | | 3,623,188 | | | (224,729 | ) |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | 578,908 | | | 1,341,683 | | | (762,775 | ) |
Borrowings | | — | | | 16,487 | | | (16,487 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans Held for Sale. Loans held for sale decreased by $344.1 million to $607.0 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, primarily due to total loan sales and transfers of mortgage loans held for sale to mortgage loans held for investment exceeding total loan originations.
Loans Held for Investment, Net. Loans held for investment, net, declined by $687.5 million, to $3.4 billion, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, and was primarily due to portfolio run-off. At June 30, 2006, the portfolio of loans held for investment was comprised of $3.4 billion and $23.5 million of loans securitized and loans not yet securitized, respectively. In comparison, at December 31, 2005, the portfolio of loans held for investment was comprised of $3.7 billion and $461.5 million of loans securitized and loans not yet securitized, respectively.
Loans held for investment at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 were net of a $52.2 million and $43.4 million allowance for loan losses, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded a provision for loan losses of $14.9 million and net charge-offs of $6.1 million. We expect net charge-offs on loan liquidations to increase in future periods as the loans in the held for investment portfolio become more seasoned.
Advances and Other Receivables. Advances and other receivables are comprised of interest and servicing advances, servicing and miscellaneous fees, accrued interest receivable and other miscellaneous receivables. The level of servicing advances, in any given period, depends upon portfolio delinquencies, the level of real estate owned and loans in the process of foreclosure, and the timing and remittance of cash collections on mortgage loans in the portfolio. We fund advances on a recurring basis not otherwise covered by our financing arrangements that we have in place from time to time and recover those advances on a periodic basis.A
Advances and other receivables declined by $1.2 million, to $38.4 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006. At June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, advances and other receivables were net of an advance receivable allowance of $1.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively. The decline in advances and other receivables was due primarily to a decrease of $5.5 million in accrued interest and other receivables, partially offset by increases of $2.8 million and $1.8 million in interest and servicing advances and vendor receivables, respectively.
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The $5.5 million decrease in accrued interest and other receivables was primarily due to a $5.2 million decline in accrued interest receivable related to the decrease in the balance of loans held for investment, coupled with a $0.8 million decrease in accrued interest receivable related to the decline in loans held for sale, partially offset by a $0.4 million increase in amounts due from counterparties. The $2.8 million growth in interest and servicing advances was primarily due to the seasoning of our REIT portfolio and the related increase in delinquencies.
Equipment and Improvements, Net. Equipment and improvements, net, declined by $0.2 million, to $11.0 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, reflecting the capitalization of new equipment and improvement acquisitions outpacing depreciation and amortization.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets. Prepaid expenses and other assets grew by $16.8 million, to $47.6 million, during the six months ended June 30, 2006. This was primarily due to increases of $18.8 million and $2.0 million in real estate owned and prepaids, security deposits and other deferred charges, respectively, partially offset by decreases of $2.0 million, $1.5 million, and $0.5 million in licensing, permit and performance bond deposits, defunded loans, and unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments. We use derivative financial instruments to hedge interest rate risk exposure to our portfolio of mortgage loans held for investment and related financings. At June 30, 2006, we had derivative financial instruments with notional amounts of $6.5 billion, of which $5.9 billion and $0.6 billion of such derivative financial instruments were interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swap agreements, respectively. In comparison, we had $6.9 billion of notional amounts comprised wholly of interest rate cap agreements at December 31, 2005. The Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with an amortizing notional amount in connection with the on-balance sheet securitization completed in May 2006. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company pays interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% and receives interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR.
We carry our derivative financial instruments at estimated fair value, which at June 30, 2006 was $42.9 million compared to $58.1 million at December 31, 2005. Included in interest expense during the six months ended June 30, 2006 was a $15.2 million charge related to the negative mark to fair value of our interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swap agreements at June 30, 2006. Included in interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2005 was a $2.0 million charge related to the negative mark to fair value of our interest rate cap agreements at June 30, 2005.
Financings on Loans Held for Investment. Amounts outstanding under our financings on loans held for investment declined by $224.7 million, to $3.4 billion, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, primarily due to $847.8 million of principal repayments, partially offset by the issuance of $618.3 million of financings, excluding the amortization of debt discount.
Revolving Warehouse and Repurchase Facilities. Amounts outstanding under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities decreased by $762.8 million, to $578.9 billion, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, primarily as a result of decreased reliance on the facilities to fund loans held for sale and loans held for investment prior to their securitization. Proceeds from whole loan sales and securitizations are used first to reduce balances outstanding under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and then used to satisfy corporate operating requirements.
Borrowings. At June 30, 2006, we had no borrowings outstanding under our short-term collateral financing facility compared to $16.5 million at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2005, we pledged $35.6 million of our retained bonds resulting from our securitization of loans as collateral for this facility. During January 2006, we elected to issue certain of these retained bonds and used the proceeds from the issuance to pay down $15.2 million of borrowings under the facility.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our operations require access to short-term and long-term sources of cash.
Our primary sources of liquidity are expected to be:
· fundings from revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities;
· the proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans;
· the proceeds from monetization of retained mortgage-backed bonds from our on-balance sheet securitizations;
· proceeds from a revolving line of credit facility; and
· the proceeds from the issuance of additional debt and equity securities.
Our primary operating cash requirements include:
· the funding of mortgage loan originations and purchases prior to their sale;
· interest and principal payments on financings on loans held for investment;
· interest and principal payments and liquidity requirements under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and other borrowings;
· advances in connection with our servicing portfolio;
· overcollateralization requirements in connection with on-balance sheet securitizations;
· fees, expenses and hedging costs, if any, incurred in connection with the sale of loans; and
· ongoing administrative, operating, and tax expenses.
Liquidity. At June 30, 2006, we had net operating liquidity of approximately $83.4 million, which consisted of approximately $50.0 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, $25.0 million of drawing capacity under a revolving line of credit facility, $1.3 million of drawing capacity under a short-term collateralized financing facility, and approximately $7.1 million of cash that could be immediately raised through the pledging of unencumbered and eligible loans held for sale as collateral pursuant to committed revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities. We currently believe that our net operating liquidity level is sufficient to satisfy our operating requirements.
If our access to warehouse lines, working capital, or whole loan markets is restricted, we may have to seek additional equity. There can be no assurance that sufficient sources of liquidity will be available to us at any given time or that favorable terms will be available. If we are unable to maintain sufficient liquidity, we would be restricted in the amount of loans that we will be able to produce and sell, which would negatively impact profitability and jeopardize our ability to continue to operate as a going concern.
Fundings from Revolving Warehouse and Repurchase Facilities. We borrow substantial sums of cash on a regular basis to originate mortgage loans and to hold loans in our REIT portfolio. Therefore, we rely on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to finance the origination and holding of mortgage loans prior to sale. At June 30, 2006, we had total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities in the amount of $2.6 billion, of which $2.5 billion and $0.1 billion were committed and uncommitted, respectively. At June 30, 2006, amounts outstanding under our facilities totaled $578.9 million, leaving us with $2.0 billion of available committed borrowing capacity under the facilities. Because of our decreased needs for revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities due to the sale of our wholesale operations in July, 2006, we did not renew the $100.0 million facility that expired on July 31, 2006, reducing our total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to $2.5 billion, of which $2.4 billion and $0.1 billion were committed
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and uncommitted, respectively. Moreover, the committed $500.0 million facility that expired on August 4, 2006 was renewed on an uncommitted basis until October 31, 2006. The remaining $2.5 billion of total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities are scheduled to mature as follows: $300.0 million on September 29, 2006; $500.0 million on October 31, 2006; $500.0 million on December 1, 2006; $500.0 million January 17, 2007; and $700.0 million on April 3, 2007. Pending the Merger with Accredited, we do not expect to renew the $300.0 million facility which expires on September 29, 2006.
At December 31, 2005, we had total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities in the amount of $2.8 billion, of which $2.7 billion and $0.1 billion were committed and uncommitted, respectively. At December 31, 2005, amounts outstanding under our facilities totaled $1.3 billion, leaving us with $1.4 billion of available committed borrowing capacity under the facilities at that time.
Certain of the revolving warehouse and repurchase facility lenders advance less than 100% of the principal balance of the mortgage loans originated, requiring the use of our working capital to fund the remaining portion. The revolving warehouse and repurchase facility agreements contain provisions requiring us to meet certain periodic financial covenants, including, among other things, minimum liquidity, stockholders’ equity, leverage, and net income levels. The facility agreements also contain customary representations and warranties.
Although our actual debt to equity ratio may vary from time to time depending on market conditions and other factors that our management and Board of Directors deem relevant, in general, our credit facilities limit our total debt-to-equity ratio to a level of 20.0 to 1.0. However, each of our credit facility lenders disregards nonrecourse financing, including the bonds underlying our on-balance sheet securitizations, in computing our adjusted leverage ratio which is limited to 7.0 to 1.0. We were in compliance with the ratios at June 30, 2006.
Fundings from Financings on Loans Held for Investment. Our ability to generate fundings from on-balance sheet securitization financings on loans held for investment is necessary to generate cash proceeds to pay down our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, which fund loans held for investment prior to their on-balance sheet securitization. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we completed an on-balance sheet transaction resulting in the securitization of $608.9 million of mortgage loans. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we completed four on-balance sheet transactions resulting in the securitization of $3.7 billion of mortgage loans.
Proceeds from the Sale of Mortgage Loans. Our ability to sell loans we originate in the secondary market through whole loan sales is necessary to generate cash proceeds to pay down our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and fund mortgage loan production. Our ability to sell loans in the secondary market on acceptable terms is essential for the continuation of our loan origination operations.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we sold $1.5 billion of mortgage loans in whole loan sales for cash to the secondary market, an increase of $1.1 billion over the $410.7 million of whole loan sales during the six months ended June 30, 2005. We achieved our targeted REIT portfolio leverage ratio during the third quarter of 2005 and since then have been selling a larger percentage of our production into the secondary markets compared to the first two quarters of 2005, when we retained a majority of our loan production to build a REIT portfolio of loans held for investment. In addition, since announcing the proposed merger with Accredited, we no longer retain mortgage loans for our REIT portfolio and sell all of our loan production in the secondary markets.
Proceeds from Monetization of Retained Mortgage-Backed Bonds from Our On-Balance Sheet Securitizations. At June 30, 2006, we were party to a revolving short-term collateralized financing facility pursuant to which $4.1 million at par value of retained bonds was pledged as collateral. There were no amounts outstanding under the facility at June 30, 2006.
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Proceeds from Revolving Line of Credit Facility. During March 2006, we entered into a revolving line of credit agreement with a commercial bank. Under the terms of the agreement, we can borrow up to $25.0 million at an interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 175 basis points. The facility is secured by all of our corporate assets, excluding loans pledged under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and retained bonds pledged under our short-term collateral financing facility. The agreement expires in March 2007. At June 30, 2006, we had not borrowed under this facility.
Proceeds from the Issuance of Debt and Equity Securities. On November 4, 2005, our Form S-3 shelf registration statement, filed for the purpose of selling our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities or other securities in one or more offerings up to an aggregate dollar amount of $500.0 million, was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Depending on our liquidity needs and market conditions, we may issue one or more of these securities in different amounts and at different times. We intend to use the proceeds from any sale of these securities for general corporate purposes, which includes continuing to build a portfolio of self-originated mortgage loans, for general working capital purposes and to reduce short-term indebtedness.
Cash Flow. The following summarizes our material cash flow activities during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005.
The principal operating activities which effect our net cash provided by or used in such activities in any period are (i) the increase or decrease in loan production, and the mix of that production between wholesale and retail, which causes an increase or decrease in the use of cash, respectively; (ii) the increase or decrease in the level of loan sales and on-balance sheet securitizations, which causes an increase or decrease in cash provided, respectively; and (iii) net income.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, our net cash provided by operating activities grew by $234.0 million, to $354.2 million, from the $120.2 million of net cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily due to a $239.6 million decrease in cash used to fund originations of loans held for sale, net of proceeds from loan sales, as well as to a $17.0 million decrease in net loss, partially offset by a $22.6 million change in other operating items.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, our net cash provided by investing activities grew by $2.8 billion, to $670.4 million, from $2.2 billion of cash used during the comparable six-month period during 2005. This was primarily attributable to a reduction in transfers from loans held for sale to our REIT portfolio of loans held for investment as well as principal payments received on our REIT portfolio.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, our net cash used in financing activities grew by $3.2 billion, to $1.0 billion, over the $2.1 billion of cash provided during the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was primarily attributable to a $1.4 billion decline in proceeds from issuance of financings on loans held for investment, a $0.8 million increase in repayments of financings on loans held for investment, and a $0.9 million increase in reductions to revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities during the six months ended June 30, 2006 over the same period a year ago. The primary activities affecting our cash flows from financing activities are increases and decreases in the level of financings of loans held for investment and in the level of borrowings under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities. In addition, financing activities also include capital related cash flows.
As a financial institution, our lending and borrowing functions are integral parts of our business. When evaluating sources and uses of cash, we consider cash used to increase our assets and borrowings used to finance those assets separately from our operating cash flows. Our most significant use of cash is for the acquisition of loans held for sale, which is funded primarily through borrowings under our revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, originations of loans held for sale, net of sales of such loans, are required to be included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as a component of cash flows from operating activities. However, borrowings used to fund such loans, and
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repayment of such borrowings, are required to be included in the consolidated statements of cash flows as a component of cash flows from financing activities.
The amount of net originations of loans held for sale included as a component of cash flows provided by operating activities was $344.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $104.5 million as a component of cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2005. Excluding the origination and sale activity of loans held for sale, our operating activities provided $10.1 million and $15.7 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes our material contractual obligations as of the period indicated (in millions):
| | Payments Due By Period | | | |
| | Less Than | | 1-3 | | 3-5 | | More Than | | | |
June 30, 2006 | | | | 1 year | | Years | | Years | | 5 years | | Total | |
Financing on loans held for investment | | | $ | 1,554.1 | | | $ | 1,299.1 | | $ | 352.3 | | | $ | 213.1 | | | $ | 3,418.6 | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase agreements | | | 578.9 | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 578.9 | |
Operating leases, net | | | 13.2 | | | 21.3 | | 11.9 | | | 3.4 | | | 49.8 | |
Purchase and other obligations | | | 0.2 | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 0.2 | |
Total | | | $ | 2,146.4 | | | $ | 1,320.4 | | $ | 364.2 | | | $ | 216.5 | | | $ | 4,047.5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Our revolving warehouse and repurchase agreements contain terms which require us to meet periodic financial covenants and other contractual obligations as on-going conditions to borrow under the warehouse and repurchase agreements. If we are unable to comply with the financial covenants or the other contractual obligations going forward, or if we are unable to obtain subsequent amendments or waivers, if required, the lenders can declare default events. If we do not cure the default events, the lenders are entitled to liquidate the residential mortgage loans which collateralize borrowings under the revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to recover funds advanced.
RISK MANAGEMENT
The following table provides information related to our derivative financial instruments used to hedge interest rate risk exposure to our portfolio of mortgage loans held for investment and related financings at the dates specified (in thousands):
| | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Notional amounts: | | | | | |
Interest rate cap agreements | | $ | 5,873,500 | | $ | 6,011,727 | |
Interes rate swap agreement | | 591,786 | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
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| | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Interest income: | | | | | |
Remittances from counterparties for: | | | | | |
Interest rate cap agreements | | $ | 29,488 | | $ | 7,258 | |
Interes rate swap agreement | | 30 | | — | |
Total | | $ | 29,518 | | $ | 7,258 | |
Interest expense: | | | | | |
Mark to market (gain) loss on: | | | | | |
Interest rate cap agreements | | $ | 17,122 | | $ | 1,963 | |
Interes rate swap agreement | | (2,437 | ) | — | |
Total | | $ | 14,685 | | $ | 1,963 | |
The Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement in May 2006. Under the terms of the swap agreement, the Company pays interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% and receives interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR. The Company was a net receiver of interest during the six months ended June 30, 2006, and expects to continue to be a net receiver of interest as interest rates continue to rise.
We continually monitor the interest rate environment and our hedging strategies. However, there can be no assurance that our earnings would not be adversely affected during any period of unexpected changes in interest rates or prepayment rates, including charges to earnings on future derivative contracts into which we may enter.
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY
Sale of Loans—Interest Rate Risk. We are exposed to rising interest rates for loans originated or purchased which are held pending sale in the whole loan market. From time to time, we mitigate exposure to rising interest rates through the use of interest rate cap agreements, forward interest rate swap agreements, or other hedging activities. These hedging activities help mitigate the risk of absolute movements in interest rates.
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. Our financial instruments, which are recorded at contractual amounts that approximate market or fair value, primarily consist of loans held for sale, advances and other receivables, and revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities. As these amounts are short-term in nature and/or generally bear market rates of interest, the carrying amounts of these instruments are reasonable estimates of their fair values. Our financial instruments also include our loans held for investment, which are recorded at contractual amounts. The fair value of our loans held for investment are based on current market prices for similar loans using current investor yield requirements. The carrying amount of our warehouse borrowings approximates fair value when valued using available quoted market prices.
Interest Rate Risk. We are exposed to on-balance sheet interest rate risk related to our loans held for investment and loans held for sale.
Warehouse Facilities Exposure. We utilize revolving warehouse and repurchase financing facilities to facilitate the holding of mortgage loans prior to sale and securitization. Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities are typically for a term of one year or less and are designated to fund mortgages originated within specified underwriting guidelines. The majority of the assets remain in the facilities for a period of up to 90 days at which point they are securitized or sold to institutional investors. As these amounts are short-term in nature and/or generally bear market rates of interest, the contractual amounts of these instruments are reasonable estimates of their fair values.
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The following tables illustrate the timing of the maturities of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
| | Maturity Range | | | |
| | Zero to | | 6 Months | | 1-2 | | 3-4 | | 5-6 | | | | | |
June 30, 2006 | | | | 6 Months | | to 1 Year | | Years | | Years | | Years | | Thereafter | | Total | |
Interest rate sensitive assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 117,401 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 117,401 | |
Loans held for sale, net | | 607,037 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 607,037 | |
Loans held for investment, net | | 837,858 | | 727,918 | | 915,949 | | 653,460 | | 125,094 | | 137,795 | | 3,398,074 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | 42,927 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 42,927 | |
Total interest rate sensitive assets | | $ | 1,605,223 | | $ | 727,918 | | $ | 915,949 | | $ | 653,460 | | $ | 125,094 | | $ | 137,795 | | $ | 4,165,439 | |
Interest rate sensitive liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | $ | 578,908 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 578,908 | |
Financings on loans held for investment | | 833,670 | | 720,370 | | 887,306 | | 636,973 | | 127,212 | | 213,082 | | 3,418,613 | |
Total interest rate sensitive liabilities | | $ | 1,412,578 | | $ | 720,370 | | $ | 887,306 | | $ | 636,973 | | $ | 127,212 | | $ | 213,082 | | $ | 3,997,521 | |
Excess of interest rate sensitive assets over interest rate sensitive liabilities | | $ | 192,645 | | $ | 7,548 | | $ | 28,643 | | $ | 16,487 | | $ | (2,118 | ) | $ | (75,287 | ) | $ | 167,918 | |
Cumulative net interest rate sensitivity gap | | $ | 192,645 | | $ | 200,193 | | $ | 228,836 | | $ | 245,323 | | $ | 243,205 | | $ | 167,918 | | $ | 167,918 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | Maturity Range | | | |
| | Zero to | | 6 Months | | 1-2 | | 3-4 | | 5-6 | | | | | |
December 31, 2005 | | | | 6 Months | | to 1 Year | | Years | | Years | | Years | | Thereafter | | Total | |
Interest rate sensitive assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 123,172 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 123,172 | |
Loans held for sale, net | | 951,177 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 951,177 | |
Loans held for investment, net | | 856,993 | | 816,289 | | 1,221,175 | | 855,266 | | 143,890 | | 191,923 | | 4,085,536 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | 58,147 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 58,147 | |
Total interest rate sensitive assets | | $ | 1,989,489 | | $ | 816,289 | | $ | 1,221,175 | | $ | 855,266 | | $ | 143,890 | | $ | 191,923 | | $ | 5,218,032 | |
Interest rate sensitive liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Short-term collateralized financing facility | | $ | 16,487 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 16,487 | |
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | | 1,341,683 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 1,341,683 | |
Financings on loans held for investment | | 768,926 | | 729,479 | | 1,057,794 | | 720,561 | | 135,214 | | 226,428 | | 3,638,402 | |
Total interest rate sensitive liabilities | | $ | 2,127,096 | | $ | 729,479 | | $ | 1,057,794 | | $ | 720,561 | | $ | 135,214 | | $ | 226,428 | | $ | 4,996,572 | |
Excess of interest rate sensitive assets over interest rate sensitive liabilities | | $ | (137,607 | ) | $ | 86,810 | | $ | 163,381 | | $ | 134,705 | | $ | 8,676 | | $ | (34,505 | ) | $ | 221,460 | |
Cumulative net interest rate sensitivity gap | | $ | (137,607 | ) | $ | (50,797 | ) | $ | 112,584 | | $ | 247,289 | | $ | 255,965 | | $ | 221,460 | | $ | 221,460 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report on Form 10-Q, Aames Investment carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its Disclosure Committee and management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of Aames Investment’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Aames Investment’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. Subsequent to the date of that evaluation, there have been no changes in Aames Investment’s internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15f) that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
In July 2005, we were served with a putative class action complaint entitled Webb v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Central District of California. In December 2005, we were served with a putative class action complaint entitled Cooper v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Wisconsin. These complaints allege violations of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (the “FCRA”) in connection with prescreened offers of credit, which we made to plaintiffs. Webb also alleges that our direct mail pieces failed to comply with the requirements of FCRA that the required notice be clear and conspicuous. The plaintiffs seek to recover on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated compensatory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees. We filed a motion to dismiss the clear and conspicuous claims in connection with Webb, which was ultimately denied by the Court on May 30, 2006, leaving this claim as to all direct mail sent prior to December 2004. The Court has requested further briefing to determine whether it will grant leave for the plaintiffs to amend. We also filed a motion to transfer Cooper to the Central District of California where Webb is pending, which was granted in March 2006, and the case was ultimately transferred on April 13, 2006. There have been no rulings on the merits of the plaintiffs’ claims or the claims of the putative class in either matter and no class has been certified. We intend to vigorously defend these matters, but if a class is certified and prevails on the merits, the potential liability could have a material adverse affect on our business. The outcome of these cases and the amount of liability, if any, cannot be determined at this time.
On April 27, 2004, we received a civil investigative demand from the Federal Trade Commission, or the FTC, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating to our business and lending practices. The demand was issued pursuant to an April 8, 2004 resolution of the FTC authorizing non-public investigations of various unnamed subprime lenders and loan brokers to determine whether there have been violations of certain consumer protection laws. We cooperated and intend to continue to cooperate fully with the FTC in this investigation. Because the investigation is at an early stage, we cannot predict the outcome of the investigation and its effect, if any, on our business.
On September 7, 2004, we received a Civil Investigative Demand and Notice to Proceed from the Office of the Attorney General of Iowa, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating to our business and lending practices in Iowa. We have cooperated and intend to continue to cooperate fully with the Office of the Attorney General of Iowa in this investigation. Because the investigation is at an early stage, we cannot predict the outcome of the investigation and its effect, if any on our business in Iowa, which approximated 0.01% and 0.01% of total mortgage loan production during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
In the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to various claims made against us arising from, among other things, our loan origination and collection efforts, trade practices and alleged violations of the various federal and state laws and regulations applicable to our business, such as consumer protection laws and employment laws. We believe that the resolution of any of these pending incidental claims is not likely to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The Risk Factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 have not materially changed other than as set forth below. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the risk factors and information disclosed in that Form 10-K.
We are the subject of current putative class action litigation and investigations by governmental agencies, which could adversely affect our business and attract class action litigation against us.
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As disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 and under “Item 1. Legal Proceedings,” in July 2005 we were served with a putative class action complaint entitled Webb v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Central District of California, and in December 2005 we were served with a class action complaint entitled Cooper v. Aames Investment Corporation, et. al. brought in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Wisconsin. These complaints allege violations of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (the “FCRA”) in connection with prescreened offers of credit, which we made to plaintiffs. Webb also alleges that our direct mail pieces failed to comply with the requirements of the FCRA that the required notice be clear and conspicuous. The plaintiffs seek to recover on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated compensatory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees. At the time we filed that Form 10-K, we believed that our motion to dismiss the clear and conspicuous claims would be granted with leave to amend. Such motion was, however, ultimately denied by the Court on May 30, 2006, leaving these claims as to all direct mail sent prior to December 2004.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds—None
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities—None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders—None
Item 5. Other Information—None
Item 6. Exhibits
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. | | Description |
2.1 | | Form of Agreement and Plan of Merger (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the registration statement on Form S-11 (333-113890) filed with the SEC on September 7, 2004 (“Amendment No. 3 to S-11”)). |
3.1 | | Articles of Amendment and Restatement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Aames Investment Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 (the “2004 10-K”)). |
3.2 | | Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Aames Investment Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 (the “2005 10-K”)). |
4.1 | | Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 3 to S-11). |
10.1 | | Amended and Restated Aames Investment Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 2004 10-K). |
10.2 | | Registration Rights and Governance Agreement dated November 1, 2004 among Specialty Finance Partners, Capital Z Management LLC and Aames Investment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 2004 10-K). |
10.3 | | Employment Agreement dated November 3, 2004 among Aames Investment Corporation, Aames Financial Corporation and A. Jay Meyerson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the 2004 10-K).* |
10.4 | | Form of Aames Investment Corporation Indemnification Agreement with directors and executive officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the 2004 10-K).* |
10.5(b) | | Amendment No. 1 dated March 18, 2005 to Master Repurchase Agreement dated August 5, 2004 among Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation, Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation, and Aames Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5(b) to the 2004 10-K). |
10.5(c) | | Extension Letter to the Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of July 29, 2005 by and among Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation, Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Aames Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5(d) to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 (the “June 2005 10-Q”)). |
10.5(d) | | Amendment No. 3 to the Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of October 31, 2005 by and among Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation, Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Aames Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5(e) to the September 30, 2005 10-Q (the “September 2005 10-Q”)). |
10.5(e) | | Amendment No. 4 to the Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of March 1, 2006 by and among Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation, Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Aames Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5(e) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.5(f) | | Amendment No. 5 to the Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of May 10, 2006 among Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Aames Funding Corporation. |
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10.6 | | Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 1, 2004 by and among Aames Investment Corporation, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., Aames Financial Corporation, Aames TRS, Inc. and Aames Newco, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment No. 10 to the registration statement on Form S-11 333-113890 filed with the SEC on October 29, 2004). |
10.7 | | Registration Rights Agreement dated November 1, 2004 by and between Aames Investment Corporation, Inc. and Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the 2004 10-K). |
10.8(a) | | Master Repurchase Agreement among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Funding Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Morgan Stanley Bank dated December 2, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(a) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.8(b) | | Amendment No. 1 dated as of January 5, 2006 to the Master Repurchase Agreement among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Funding Corporation and Morgan Stanley Bank dated December 2, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(b) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.8(c) | | Amendment No. 2 dated as of March 3, 2006 to the Master Repurchase Agreement among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Funding Corporation and Morgan Stanley Bank dated December 2, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(c) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.8(d) | | Amendment No. 3 dated May 9, 2006 to the Master Repurchase Agreement among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Funding Corporation and Morgan Stanley Bank dated December 2, 2005. |
10.9(a) | | Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement dated as of April 28, 2005 among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the June 2005 10-Q). |
10.9(b) | | Amendment Number One dated as of September 30, 2005 to the Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement dated as of April 28, 2005 among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9(b) to the September 2005 10-Q). |
10.9(c) | | Amendment Number Two dated as of November 3, 2005 to the Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement dated as of April 28, 2005 among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9(c) to the September 2005 10-Q). |
10.9(d) | | Amendment Number Three dated as of March 1, 2006 to the Amended and Restated Master Loan and Security Agreement dated as of April 28, 2005 among Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Investment Corporation and Citigroup Global Markets Realty (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9(d) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.10(a) | | Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of April 10, 2006 among Aames Investment Corporation, Aames Capital Corporation, Aames Funding Corporation and Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10(a) to the March 31, 2006 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). |
10.11(a) | | Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of Mortgage Loans dated as of January 18, 2005 among Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB, Aames Capital Corporation and Aames Investment Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the 2004 10-K). |
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10.11(b) | | Second Amendment dated October 28, 2005 to Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of Mortgage Loans among Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB, Aames Capital Corporation and Aames Investment Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11(c) to the September 2005 10-Q). |
10.11(c) | | Third Amendment dated as of January 17, 2006 to the Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of Mortgage Loans among Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB, Aames Capital Corporation and Aames Investment Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11(d) to the September 2005 10-Q). |
10.11(d) | | Fourth Amendment dated as of March 3, 2006 to the Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of Mortgage Loans among Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB, Aames Capital Corporation and Aames Investment Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11(d) to the 2005 10-K). |
10.11(e) | | Fifth Amendment to Master Repurchase Agreement Governing Purchases and Sales of Mortgage Loans dated May 10, 2006, among Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB, Aames Capital Corporation and Aames Investment Corporation. |
10.12 | | Office Lease dated as of September 15, 1998, between Colonnade Wilshire Corp. and Aames Financial Corporation for the premises located at 3731 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Aames Financial Corporation Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999). |
10.13(a) | | Office Building Lease dated as of August 7, 1996 between Aames Financial Corporation and California Plaza IIA, LLC for the premises located at 350 S. Grand Avenue, Los Angeles, California (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17(a) to the Aames Financial Corporation Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1997 (the “Aames Financial 1997 10-K”)). |
10.13(b) | | First Amendment to Office Building Lease dated as of August 15, 1997 between Aames Financial Corporation and California Plaza IIA, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17(b) to the Aames Financial 1997 10-K). |
10.13(c) | | Second Amendment to Office Building Lease dated as of July 29, 2005 by and between EOP-TWO California Plaza, LLC and Aames Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14(c) to the June 2005 10-Q). |
10.14 | | Office Building Lease dated as of September 13, 2002 between Aames Financial Corporation and Jamboree LLC for the premises located at 3347 and 3351 Michelson Drive, Irvine, California (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Aames Financial Corporation Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2002). |
10.15 | | Director Compensation Plan Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Aames Investment Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated March 23, 2005 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2005).* |
10.16 | | 2005 Executive Management Incentive Compensation Plan Summary (incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 10.17 to the 2004 10-K).* |
10.17 | | Aames Financial Corporation Executive Severance Plan, amended and released dated as of August 4, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the September 2005 10-Q).* |
10.18 | | Amendment No. 1 dated July 1, 2005 to the Employment Agreement among Aames Investment Corporation, Aames Financial Corporation and A. Jay Meyerson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the 2005 10-K).* |
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10.19 | | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Aames Investment Corporation, Accredited Home Lenders Holding Co. and AHL Acquisition, LLC dated as of May 24, 2006 (incorporated by reference to the current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 28, 2006 (the “June 28, 2006 8-K”)). |
10.20 | | Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of June 23, 2006 among Aames Investment Coropration, Aames Funding Corporation, Accredited Home Lenders Holding Co. and Accredited Home Lenders, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the June 28, 2006 8-K). |
31.1 | | Certification of A. Jay Meyerson pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
31.2 | | Certification of Jon D. Van Deuren pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.1 | | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* Indicates a management contract or compensatory arrangement.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| AAMES INVESTMENT CORPORATION |
Dated: August 9, 2006 | /s/ JON D. VAN DEUREN |
| Jon D. Van Deuren |
| Executive Vice President—Finance and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
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