UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
| | |
þ | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2010
OR
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o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number 001-32147
GREENHILL & CO., INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| | |
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Delaware | | 51-0500737 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction | | (I.R.S. Employer |
of Incorporation or Organization) | | Identification No.) |
| | |
300 Park Avenue | | |
New York, New York | | 10022 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | | (ZIP Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 389-1500
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” ”accelerated filer” and ”smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filerþ | | Accelerated filero | | Non-accelerated filero | | Smaller Reporting Companyo |
| | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yeso Noþ
As of October 22, 2010, 29,333,491 shares of the Registrant’s common stock were outstanding.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
Greenhill & Co., Inc. files current, annual and quarterly reports, proxy statements and other information required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ‘‘Exchange Act’’), with the SEC. You may read and copy any document the company files at the SEC’s public reference room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, U.S.A. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. Our SEC filings are also available to the public from the SEC’s internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of these reports, proxy statements and other information can also be inspected at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005, U.S.A.
Our public internet site is http://www.greenhill.com. We make available free of charge through our internet site, via a link to the SEC’s internet site at http://www.sec.gov, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed on behalf of directors and executive officers and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Also posted on our website in the ‘‘Corporate Governance’’ section, and available in print upon request of any stockholder to the Investor Relations Department, are charters for our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee, our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Related Party Transaction Policy and Code of Business Conduct & Ethics governing our directors, officers and employees. You may need to have Adobe Acrobat Reader software installed on your computer to view these documents, which are in PDF format.
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Part I. Financial Information
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Item 1. | | Financial Statements |
Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of | |
| | September 30, | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | December 31, | |
| | (unaudited) | | | 2009 | |
Assets | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents ($4.1 million and $0.6 million restricted from use at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively) | | $ | 56,766,463 | | | $ | 74,473,459 | |
Financial advisory fees receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.1 million and $0.0 million as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively | | | 48,527,819 | | | | 26,021,124 | |
Other receivables | | | 3,869,231 | | | | 4,980,749 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 14,188,797 | | | | 12,794,680 | |
Investments in affiliated merchant banking funds | | | 77,478,311 | | | | 71,844,438 | |
Other investments | | | 94,151,546 | | | | 78,516,718 | |
Due from affiliates | | | 298,026 | | | | 233,617 | |
Goodwill | | | 154,075,042 | | | | 18,721,430 | |
Deferred tax asset | | | 51,133,864 | | | | 40,101,916 | |
Other assets | | | 8,344,783 | | | | 701,352 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 508,833,882 | | | $ | 328,389,483 | |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities and Equity | | | | | | | | |
Compensation payable | | $ | 17,484,663 | | | $ | 31,855,992 | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | | 22,939,080 | | | | 7,295,857 | |
Bank loan payable | | | 62,525,000 | | | | 37,150,000 | |
Deferred tax liability | | | 23,684,587 | | | | 18,141,138 | |
Due to affiliates | | | — | | | | 393,288 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 126,633,330 | | | | 94,836,275 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 35,103,905 and 33,254,271 shares issued as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively; 29,332,837 and 27,977,623 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively | | | 351,039 | | | | 332,543 | |
Contingent convertible preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 20,000,000 shares authorized, 1,099,877 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2010 | | | 46,950,226 | | | | — | |
Restricted stock units | | | 88,424,569 | | | | 81,219,868 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 370,782,069 | | | | 237,716,672 | |
Exchangeable shares of subsidiary; 257,156 shares issued as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009; 110,191 and 132,955 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively | | | 6,578,403 | | | | 7,937,414 | |
Retained earnings | | | 197,271,526 | | | | 206,974,630 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | | (2,471,339 | ) | | | (8,737,728 | ) |
Treasury stock, at cost, par value $0.01 per share; 5,771,068 and 5,276,648 shares as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively | | | (330,246,231 | ) | | | (293,391,405 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 377,640,262 | | | | 232,051,994 | |
Noncontrolling interests | | | 4,560,290 | | | | 1,501,214 | |
| | | | | | |
Total equity | | | 382,200,552 | | | | 233,553,208 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and equity | | $ | 508,833,882 | | | $ | 328,389,483 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
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Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | | | For the Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial advisory fees | | $ | 97,004,262 | | | $ | 42,372,024 | | | $ | 195,523,025 | | | $ | 153,028,318 | |
Merchant banking and other investment revenues | | | (13,065,904 | ) | | | 73,891,141 | | | | 20,671,497 | | | | 78,845,984 | |
Interest income | | | 111,891 | | | | 19,366 | | | | 240,258 | | | | 335,644 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 84,050,249 | | | | 116,282,531 | | | | 216,434,780 | | | | 232,209,946 | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Employee compensation and benefits | | | 44,187,076 | | | | 53,160,789 | | | | 114,710,433 | | | | 106,816,575 | |
Occupancy and equipment rental | | | 4,389,557 | | | | 2,749,011 | | | | 11,219,748 | | | | 8,321,841 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,708,195 | | | | 906,538 | | | | 4,123,991 | | | | 3,338,119 | |
Information services | | | 1,993,469 | | | | 1,635,444 | | | | 5,166,950 | | | | 4,381,438 | |
Professional fees | | | 1,633,245 | | | | 1,688,432 | | | | 5,865,781 | | | | 4,672,684 | |
Travel related expenses | | | 2,597,777 | | | | 1,726,584 | | | | 7,724,301 | | | | 5,622,752 | |
Interest expense | | | 636,686 | | | | 291,300 | | | | 1,749,068 | | | | 986,904 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 2,994,547 | | | | 2,761,412 | | | | 8,546,205 | | | | 7,163,447 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | 60,140,552 | | | | 64,919,510 | | | | 159,106,477 | | | | 141,303,760 | |
Income before taxes | | | 23,909,697 | | | | 51,363,021 | | | | 57,328,303 | | | | 90,906,186 | |
Provision for taxes | | | 8,695,516 | | | | 21,253,312 | | | | 20,374,614 | | | | 36,784,688 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net income | | | 15,214,181 | | | | 30,109,709 | | | | 36,953,689 | | | | 54,121,498 | |
Less: Net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests | | | 744,332 | | | | 65,490 | | | | 4,421,914 | | | | (113,644 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | | $ | 14,469,849 | | | $ | 30,044,219 | | | $ | 32,531,775 | | | $ | 54,235,142 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 30,754,685 | | | | 29,662,743 | | | | 30,546,017 | | | | 29,589,471 | |
Diluted | | | 30,800,556 | | | | 29,788,164 | | | | 30,609,821 | | | | 29,673,149 | |
Earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 1.07 | | | $ | 1.83 | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 1.06 | | | $ | 1.83 | |
Dividends declared and paid per share | | $ | 0.45 | | | $ | 0.45 | | | $ | 1.35 | | | $ | 1.35 | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
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Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | | | For the Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Consolidated net income | | $ | 15,214,181 | | | $ | 30,109,709 | | | $ | 36,953,689 | | | $ | 54,121,498 | |
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax | | | 20,958,339 | | | | 1,084,997 | | | | 6,266,389 | | | | 8,015,833 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | | 36,172,520 | | | | 31,194,706 | | | | 43,220,078 | | | | 62,137,331 | |
Less: Net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests | | | 744,332 | | | | 65,490 | | | | 4,421,914 | | | | (113,644 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income allocated to common stockholders | | $ | 35,428,188 | | | $ | 31,129,216 | | | $ | 38,798,164 | | | $ | 62,250,975 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
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Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
| | | | | | | | |
| | Nine Months Ended | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | Year Ended | |
| | 2010 | | | December 31, | |
| | (unaudited) | | | 2009 | |
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, beginning of the year | | $ | 332,543 | | | $ | 328,304 | |
Common stock issued | | | 18,496 | | | | 4,239 | |
| | | | | | |
Common stock, end of the period | | | 351,039 | | | | 332,543 | |
| | | | | | |
Contingent convertible preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share | | | | | | | | |
Contingent convertible preferred stock, beginning of the year | | | — | | | | — | |
Contingent convertible preferred stock issued | | | 46,950,226 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Contingent convertible preferred stock, end of the period | | | 46,950,226 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Restricted stock units | | | | | | | | |
Restricted stock units, beginning of the year | | | 81,219,868 | | | | 59,525,357 | |
Restricted stock units recognized | | | 41,221,102 | | | | 40,526,780 | |
Restricted stock units delivered | | | (34,016,401 | ) | | | (18,832,269 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Restricted stock units, end of the period | | | 88,424,569 | | | | 81,219,868 | |
| | | | | | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | | | | | | |
Additional paid-in capital, beginning of the year | | | 237,716,672 | | | | 213,365,812 | |
Common stock issued | | | 124,745,952 | | | | 23,603,749 | |
Tax benefit from the delivery of restricted stock units | | | 8,319,445 | | | | 747,111 | |
| | | | | | |
Additional paid-in capital, end of the period | | | 370,782,069 | | | | 237,716,672 | |
| | | | | | |
Exchangeable shares of subsidiary | | | | | | | | |
Exchangeable shares of subsidiary, beginning of the year | | | 7,937,414 | | | | 12,442,555 | |
Exchangeable shares of subsidiary delivered | | | (1,359,011 | ) | | | (4,505,141 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Exchangeable shares of subsidiary, end of the period | | | 6,578,403 | | | | 7,937,414 | |
| | | | | | |
Retained earnings | | | | | | | | |
Retained earnings, beginning of the year | | | 206,974,630 | | | | 189,357,441 | |
Dividends | | | (42,234,879 | ) | | | (53,622,825 | ) |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | | | 32,531,775 | | | | 71,240,014 | |
| | | | | | |
Retained earnings, end of the period | | | 197,271,526 | | | | 206,974,630 | |
| | | | | | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, beginning of the year | | | (8,737,728 | ) | | | (17,408,714 | ) |
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax | | | 6,266,389 | | | | 8,670,986 | |
| | | | | | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of the period | | | (2,471,339 | ) | | | (8,737,728 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Treasury stock, at cost; par value $0.01 per share | | | | | | | | |
Treasury stock, beginning of the year | | | (293,391,405 | ) | | | (259,361,550 | ) |
Repurchased | | | (36,854,826 | ) | | | (9,645,599 | ) |
Sale of certain merchant banking assets | | | — | | | | (24,384,256 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Treasury stock, end of the period | | | (330,246,231 | ) | | | (293,391,405 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 377,640,262 | | | | 232,051,994 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Noncontrolling interests | | | | | | | | |
Noncontrolling interests, beginning of the year | | | 1,501,214 | | | | 1,817,595 | |
Net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests | | | 4,421,914 | | | | (82,451 | ) |
Contributions from noncontrolling interests | | | 151,387 | | | | 34,406 | |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests | | | (1,514,225 | ) | | | (268,336 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Noncontrolling interests, end of period | | | 4,560,290 | | | | 1,501,214 | |
| | | | | | |
Total equity | | $ | 382,200,552 | | | $ | 233,553,208 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
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Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net income | | $ | 36,953,689 | | | $ | 54,121,498 | |
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash items included in net income: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 4,123,991 | | | | 3,338,119 | |
Net investment (gains) losses | | | (9,164,756 | ) | | | (65,692,917 | ) |
Restricted stock units recognized and common stock issued | | | 41,376,736 | | | | 31,015,885 | |
Deferred taxes | | | 1,476,660 | | | | (3,866,037 | ) |
Recognition of the deferred gain from the sale of certain merchant banking assets | | | (824,797 | ) | | | — | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Financial advisory fees receivable | | | (20,359,512 | ) | | | 7,731,498 | |
Due from affiliates | | | (457,697 | ) | | | 241,409 | |
Other receivables and assets | | | 2,708,279 | | | | 463,564 | |
Compensation payable | | | (22,875,687 | ) | | | 8,374,203 | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | | 328,578 | | | | (1,384,990 | ) |
Taxes payable | | | 8,246,671 | | | | 5,256,430 | |
| | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 41,532,155 | | | | 39,598,662 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of merchant banking investments | | | (11,536,627 | ) | | | (6,070,014 | ) |
Purchases of investments | | | (208,026 | ) | | | (525,000 | ) |
Caliburn acquisition, net of cash received | | | (3,029,527 | ) | | | — | |
Distributions from investments | | | 7,138,275 | | | | 5,505,613 | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (3,836,779 | ) | | | (2,832,234 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (11,472,684 | ) | | | (3,921,635 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds of revolving bank loan | | | 84,875,000 | | | | 85,875,000 | |
Repayment of revolving bank loan | | | (59,500,000 | ) | | | (78,775,000 | ) |
Contributions from noncontrolling interests | | | 151,387 | | | | 18,000 | |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests | | | (1,514,225 | ) | | | (124,699 | ) |
Dividends paid | | | (42,234,879 | ) | | | (41,661,187 | ) |
Purchase of treasury stock | | | (36,854,826 | ) | | | (8,888,939 | ) |
Net tax benefit from the delivery of restricted stock units and payment of dividend equivalents | | | 8,319,445 | | | | 1,542,541 | |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in financing activities | | | (46,758,098 | ) | | | (42,014,284 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | (1,008,369 | ) | | | 2,070,052 | |
| | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | (17,706,996 | ) | | | (4,267,205 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | | 74,473,459 | | | | 62,848,655 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 56,766,463 | | | $ | 58,581,450 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 1,832,767 | | | $ | 948,103 | |
Cash paid for taxes, net of refunds | | $ | 3,071,595 | | | $ | 35,368,762 | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
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Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Note 1 — Organization
Greenhill & Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), is an independent investment banking firm. The Company acts for clients located throughout the world from offices located in New York, London, Frankfurt, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Melbourne, and San Francisco.
The Company’s activities as an investment banking firm constitute a single business segment, with two principal sources of revenue:
| • | | Financial advisory, which includes engagements relating to mergers and acquisitions, financing advisory and restructuring, and private equity and real estate capital advisory services; and |
| • | | Merchant banking, which includes the management of outside capital invested in affiliated merchant banking funds and other similar vehicles, primarily Greenhill Capital Partners (“GCP I”), Greenhill Capital Partners II (“GCP II”), Greenhill Capital Partners Europe (“GCP Europe”), and Greenhill SAV Partners (“GSAVP” together with GCP I, GCP II and GCP Europe, the “Greenhill Funds”), and the Company’s principal investments in the Greenhill Funds, Iridium Communications Inc. (“Iridium”), other merchant banking funds and other investments. |
The Company’s U.S. and international wholly-owned subsidiaries include Greenhill & Co., LLC (“G&Co”), Greenhill Capital Partners, LLC (“GCPLLC”), Greenhill Venture Partners, LLC (“GVP”), Greenhill Aviation Co., LLC (“GAC”), Greenhill & Co. Europe Holdings Limited (“GCE”), Greenhill & Co. Holding Canada Ltd (“GHC”), Greenhill & Co. Japan Ltd. (“GCJ”) and Greenhill & Co. Australia Holdings Pty Ltd. (“GHA”). The Company also owns a majority of the interests in Greenhill Capital Partners II, LLC (“GCPII LLC”). See “Note 4 – Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
G&Co is a registered broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is registered with the Financial Industry Regulation Authority. G&Co is engaged in the investment banking business principally in North America.
GCE is a U.K.-based holding company. GCE controls Greenhill & Co. International LLP (“GCI”), Greenhill & Co. Europe LLP (“GCEI”) and Greenhill Capital Partners Europe LLP (“GCPE”), through its controlling membership interests. GCI and GCEI are engaged in investment banking activities, principally in Europe, and are subject to regulation by the U.K. Financial Services Authority (“FSA”). GCPE is also regulated by the FSA and provides investment advisory services to GCP Europe, an affiliated U.K.-based private equity fund that invests in a diversified portfolio of private equity and equity-related investments in mid-market companies located primarily in the United Kingdom and Continental Europe. The majority of the investors in GCP Europe are unaffiliated third parties; however, the Company and its employees have also made investments in GCP Europe.
The Company, through Greenhill & Co. Canada Ltd., a wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary of GHC, engages in investment banking activities in Canada. The Company, through GCJ, engages in investment banking activities in Japan.
On April 1, 2010, Greenhill acquired all the outstanding capital stock of Caliburn Partnership Pty Limited (“Caliburn”, which was renamed Greenhill Caliburn Pty Limited, “Greenhill Caliburn”), an Australian-based independent financial advisory firm. The Company, through Greenhill Caliburn, a wholly-owned Australian subsidiary of GHA, engages in investment banking activities in Australia and New Zealand. See “Note 3 – Acquisition”. Greenhill Caliburn is licensed and subject to regulation by the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (“ASIC”).
GCPLLC is an investment adviser, registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“IAA”). GCPLLC provides investment advisory services to GCP I and GCP II, our U.S. based private equity funds
9
that invest in a diversified portfolio of private equity and equity-related investments. GCPII LLC acts as manager for GCP I, GCP II and GSAVP. The majority of the investors in GCP I and GCP II are unaffiliated third parties; however, the Company and its employees have also made investments in GCP I and GCP II.
GVP is an investment adviser registered under the IAA. GVP provides investment advisory services to GSAVP, our venture fund that invests in early growth stage companies in the tech-enabled and business information services industries. The majority of the investors in GSAVP are unaffiliated third parties; however, the Company and its employees have also made investments in GSAVP.
GAC owns and operates an aircraft, which is used for the exclusive benefit of the Company’s employees and their immediate family members.
The Company owns an interest in Iridium Communications Inc. (“Iridium”), formerly GHL Acquisition Corp., a blank check company (“GHLAC”). See “Note 4 – Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Financial Information
These condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted (“GAAP”) in the United States, which require management to make estimates and assumptions regarding future events that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and these footnotes, including investment valuations, compensation accruals and other matters. Management believes that the estimates used in preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period information to conform to current period presentation.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include all consolidated accounts of Greenhill & Co., Inc. and all other entities in which the Company has a controlling interest, including GCI, GCEI, GCPE, and GCPII LLC, after elimination of all significant inter-company accounts and transactions. In accordance with the accounting pronouncements on the consolidation of variable interest entities, the Company consolidates the general partners of its merchant banking funds in which it has a majority of the economic interest. The general partners account for their investments in their merchant banking funds under the equity method of accounting. As such, the general partners record their proportionate shares of income (loss) from the underlying merchant banking funds. As the merchant banking funds follow investment company accounting, and generally record all their assets and liabilities at fair value, the general partners’ investment in merchant banking funds represents an estimation of fair value. The Company does not consolidate the merchant banking funds since the Company, through its general partner and limited partner interests, does not have a majority of the economic interest in such funds and the limited partners have certain rights to remove the general partner by a simple majority vote of unaffiliated third-party investors.
These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2009 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The condensed consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2009 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements not included herein. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year.
Noncontrolling Interests
The Company records the noncontrolling interests of other consolidated entities as equity in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Additionally, the condensed consolidated statements of income separately present income allocated to both noncontrolling interests and common stockholders.
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The portion of the consolidated interests in the general partners of the Company’s merchant banking funds, which are held directly by employees of the Company, are presented as noncontrolling interests in equity. Additionally, the portion of the consolidated interests in GCP II LLC, which accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital Partners Holdings LLC (“GCP Capital”), an entity not controlled by the Company, is presented as noncontrolling interest in equity. See “Note 4 – Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
Revenue Recognition
Financial Advisory Fees
The Company recognizes financial advisory fee revenue for mergers and acquisitions or financing advisory and restructuring engagements when the services related to the underlying transactions are completed in accordance with the terms of the engagement letter. The Company recognizes fund placement advisory fees at the time of the client’s acceptance of capital or capital commitments in accordance with the terms of the engagement letter. Retainer fees are recognized as financial advisory fee revenue over the period in which the related service is rendered.
The Company’s clients reimburse certain expenses incurred by the Company in the conduct of financial advisory engagements. Expenses are reported net of such client reimbursements. Client reimbursements totaled $1.6 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 and $3.6 million and $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Merchant Banking and Other Investment Revenues
Merchant banking revenues consist of (i) management fees on the Company’s merchant banking activities, (ii) gains (or losses) on the Company’s investments in merchant banking funds and other principal investment activities, and, if any, (iii) merchant banking profit overrides. See “Note 4 – Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
Management fees earned from the Company’s merchant banking activities are recognized over the period of related service.
The Company recognizes revenue on its investments in merchant banking funds based on its allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds. Investments held by merchant banking funds and certain other investments are recorded at estimated fair value. The value of merchant banking fund investments in privately held companies is determined by the general partner of the fund after giving consideration to the cost of the security, the pricing of other sales of securities by the portfolio company, the price of securities of other companies comparable to the portfolio company, purchase multiples paid in other comparable third-party transactions, the original purchase price multiple, market conditions, liquidity, operating results and other qualitative and quantitative factors. Discounts may be applied to the funds’ privately held investments to reflect the lack of liquidity and other transfer restrictions. Investments in publicly traded securities are valued using quoted market prices discounted for any legal or contractual restrictions on sale. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuations as well as the discounts applied, the estimated fair values of investments in privately held companies may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed. The values at which the Company’s investments are carried on its condensed consolidated statements of financial condition are adjusted to estimated fair value at the end of each quarter and the volatility in general economic conditions, stock markets and commodity prices may result in significant changes in the estimated fair value of the investments from period to period.
When certain financial returns are achieved over the life of the fund, the Company recognizes merchant banking profit overrides. Profit overrides are generally calculated as a percentage of the profits over a specified threshold earned by each fund on investments managed on behalf of unaffiliated investors except the Company. When applicable, the profit overrides earned by the Company are recognized on an accrual basis throughout the year. In accordance with the relevant guidance, the Company records as
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revenue the amount that would be due pursuant to the fund agreements at each period end as if the fund agreements were terminated at that date. Overrides are generally calculated on a deal-by-deal basis but are subject to investment performance over the life of each merchant banking fund. We may be required to repay a portion of the overrides paid to the limited partners of the funds in the event a minimum performance level is not achieved by the fund as a whole (we refer to these potential repayments as “clawbacks”). The Company would be required to establish a reserve for potential clawbacks if it were to determine that the likelihood of a clawback is probable and the amount of the clawback can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2010, the Company believes it is more likely than not that the amount of profit overrides recognized as revenue will be realized and accordingly, the Company has not reserved for any clawback obligations under applicable fund agreements. See “Note 4 — Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments” for further discussion of the merchant banking revenues recognized.
Investments
The Company’s investments in its merchant banking funds are recorded under the equity method of accounting based upon the Company’s proportionate share of the fair value of the underlying merchant banking fund’s net assets. The Company’s other investments, which consider the Company’s influence or control of the investee, are recorded at estimated fair value or under the equity method of accounting based, in part, upon the Company’s proportionate share of the investee’s net assets.
Financial Advisory Fees Receivables
Receivables are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The estimate for the allowance for doubtful accounts is derived by the Company by utilizing past client transaction history and an assessment of the client’s creditworthiness. The Company recorded bad debt expense of approximately $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and released previously recorded bad debt expense of $0.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
Restricted Stock Units
The Company accounts for its share-based compensation payments under which the fair value of restricted stock units granted to employees with future service requirements is recorded as compensation expense and generally amortized over a five-year service period following the date of grant. Compensation expense is determined at the date of grant. As the Company expenses the awards, the restricted stock units recognized are recorded within equity. The restricted stock units are reclassed into common stock and additional paid-in capital upon vesting. The Company records dividend equivalent payments, net of estimated forfeitures, on outstanding restricted stock units as a dividend payment and a charge to equity.
Earnings per Share
The Company calculates earnings per share (‘‘EPS’’) by dividing net income allocated to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS plus the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable pursuant to restricted stock units for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock.
Under the treasury method, the number of shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share is the excess, if any, of the number of shares expected to be issued, less the number of shares that could be purchased by the Company with the proceeds to be received upon settlement at the average market closing price during the reporting period. The denominator for basic EPS includes the number of shares deemed issuable due to the vesting of restricted stock units for accounting purposes.
Effective on January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the accounting guidance for determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities. Under that guidance, the Company evaluated whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and therefore need to be included in the earnings allocation in calculating EPS. Additionally, the two-class method requires unvested share-based payment awards that have non-
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forfeitable rights to dividend or dividend equivalents to be treated as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material effect in calculating earnings per share.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency assets and liabilities have been translated at rates of exchange prevailing at the end of the periods presented in accordance with the accounting guidance for foreign currency translation. Income and expenses transacted in foreign currency have been translated at average monthly exchange rates during the period. Translation gains and losses are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment included as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
Goodwill
Goodwill is the cost in excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets at acquisition date. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment at least annually. An impairment loss is triggered if the estimated fair value of an operating unit is less than estimated net book value. Such loss is calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and its carrying value.
Goodwill is translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of the periods presented in accordance with the accounting guidance for foreign currency translation. Any translation gain or loss is included in the foreign currency translation adjustment included as a component of other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the life of the assets. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the life of the asset or the term of the lease. Estimated useful lives of the Company’s fixed assets are generally as follows:
Aircraft – 7 years
Equipment – 4 years
Furniture and fixtures – 7 years
Leasehold improvements – the lesser of 10 years or the remaining lease term
Provision for Taxes
The Company accounts for taxes in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), “Income Taxes (Topic 740),” which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expenses on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of its assets and liabilities.
The Company follows the guidelines, pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 740-10, in recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in its financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on its income tax returns. Income tax expense is based on pre-tax accounting income, including adjustments made for the recognition or derecognition related to uncertain tax positions. The recognition or derecognition of income tax expense related to uncertain tax positions is determined under the guidance as prescribed by FASB ASC Topic 740-10. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period of change. Management applies the ‘‘more-likely-than-not criteria’’ included in FASB ASC Topic 740-10 when determining tax benefits.
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Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company held cash on deposit with financial institutions of $36.6 million and $31.8 million as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the carrying value of the Company’s cash equivalents amounted to $20.2 million and $42.7 million, respectively, which approximated fair value. Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds and overnight deposits. At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, cash on deposit of $4.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively, were held by certain financial institutions as compensating balances for outstanding letters of credit. No amounts had been drawn under any of the letters of credit at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured (FDIC) limits and in institutions in which deposits are not insured. However, management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.
Financial Instruments and Fair Value
The Company accounts for financial instruments measured at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. FASB ASC Topic 820 provides for a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the pronouncement are described below:
Basis of Fair Value Measurement
Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 — Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. In determining the appropriate levels, the Company performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to FASB ASC Topic 820. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs or instruments which trade infrequently and therefore have little or no price transparency are classified as Level 3.
Derivative Instruments
The Company accounts for warrants under the guidance for accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities. In accordance with that guidance, the Company records warrants at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition with changes in estimated fair value during the period recorded in merchant banking and other investment revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates subsequent events through the date on which financial statements are issued, in accordance with ASU No. 2010-09, “Topic 855 – Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements”.
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Accounting Developments
In June 2009, the FASB issued an amendment to the accounting and disclosure requirements for the consolidation of variable interest entities. The guidance affects the overall consolidation analysis and requires enhanced disclosures on involvement with variable interest entities. The guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009; however, in January 2010, the FASB confirmed its decision to defer the effective date of this guidance for certain reporting enterprises in the asset management industry, including mutual funds, hedge funds, mortgage real estate investment funds, private equity funds and venture capital funds. The deferral is applicable to the Company and will apply until the completion of a joint project between the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) on consolidation accounting, which is expected to be completed in 2010. Accordingly, the deferral resulted in no changes to the Company’s financial reporting. The Company will assess the impact of the joint project when completed.
Note 3 — Acquisition
On April 1, 2010, pursuant to the Share Sale Agreement, the Company acquired 100% ownership of Caliburn from its founding partners (the “Acquisition”) in exchange for (i) 1,099,874 shares of Greenhill common stock, with an Acquisition date fair value of $90.2 million and (ii) 1,099,877 shares of contingent convertible preferred stock (“Performance Stock”) that pays no dividend and, if certain revenue levels are achieved on the third or fifth anniversary of the Acquisition, will convert into additional shares of Greenhill common stock. If those revenue levels are not achieved, the Performance Stock will be cancelled for each such period as of the third and fifth anniversaries of closing, respectively. The fair value of the Performance Stock on the Acquisition date was $47.0 million and has been recorded as a component of equity in accordance with ASC 805.
The Acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting and the results of operations for Greenhill Caliburn have been included in the condensed consolidated statement of income from the date of acquisition. The total purchase price of AUS $149.6 million ($137.2 million) has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of April 1, 2010, the date of the acquisition, as follows (USD in thousands, unaudited):
| | | | |
|
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: | | | | |
Assets: | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 4,712 | |
Other current assets | | | 3,887 | |
Property and equipment | | | 643 | |
Deferred compensation plan investments | | | 11,295 | |
Deferred tax assets | | | 3,756 | |
Identifiable intangible assets | | | 8,568 | |
Goodwill | | | 127,972 | |
| | | |
Total assets | | | 160,833 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | |
Other current liabilities | | | 5,438 | |
Deferred compensation payable | | | 11,295 | |
Due to affiliates | | | 6,861 | |
| | | |
Total liabilities | | | 23,594 | |
| | | |
Purchase price | | $ | 137,239 | |
| | | |
The fair value of the identifiable intangible assets acquired, which consist of the trade name, the backlog of investment banking client assignments that existed at the time of the closing, and customer relationships, is based, in part, on a valuation using an income approach, market approach or cost approach, as appropriate, and has been included in other assets on the condensed consolidated statement of financial
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condition. The estimated fair value ascribed to the identifiable intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated remaining useful life of each asset over periods ranging between 2 to 3 years. For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Company recorded $0.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively, of amortization expense in respect of these assets. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired has been recorded as goodwill.
In addition to the equity consideration provided to the sellers, under the terms of the Share Sale Agreement, the selling shareholders and certain other non-founding partners received post closing distributions of accrued profits prior to the acquisition date of approximately AUS $7.6 million ($6.9 million).
In connection with the Acquisition the Company assumed Caliburn’s deferred compensation plan and acquired a corresponding amount of investments of approximately AUS $12.3 million ($11.3 million). Under this plan a portion of certain employees’ compensation was deferred and invested in cash or, at the election of each respective employee, in certain mutual fund investments. The cash and mutual fund investments will be distributed to those employees of Greenhill Caliburn, who were employed on the date of acquisition, over the period 2010 to 2016. As of September 30, 2010 distributions of AUS $4.0 million ($3.5 million) were made from the mutual fund investments since the date of the acquisition in accordance with the terms of the plan. Both the invested assets and the deferred compensation liability relating to this plan have been recorded on the consolidated statement of financial condition as components of other investments and compensation payable, respectively. Subsequent to the Acquisition the Company has discontinued future participation in the plan. See “Note 4 – Investments – Other Investments”.
In conjunction with the Acquisition, the Company granted at closing 275,130 restricted stock units to current employees of Greenhill Caliburn. These awards will vest ratably over five years from the date of grant subject to continued employment and will amortize over the service period. In addition, the Company granted at closing 212,625 performance based restricted stock units (“Performance RSUs”). The Performance RSUs will vest on the third and fifth anniversaries of the closing subject to the achievement of the same revenue targets as the Performance Stock. Amortization of each tranche of the Performance RSUs will begin at the time it is deemed probable that the revenue targets will be achieved and the value of the award at that date will be amortized over the remaining vesting period of each award. If the performance requirements for the Performance RSUs are not achieved the Performance RSUs will be cancelled and no amount will be expensed.
Set forth below are the Company’s summary unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009. The unaudited pro forma results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 include the historical results of the Company and give effect to the Acquisition if it had occurred on January 1, 2010. The unaudited results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 include the historical results of the Company and give effect to the Acquisition if it had occurred on January 1, 2009. See “Note 7 – Equity” and “Note 8 – Earnings per Share”.
The unaudited pro forma results of operations do not purport to represent what the Company’s results of operations would actually have been had the Acquisition occurred as of January 1, 2010 or January 1, 2009, as the case may be, or to project the Company’s results of operations for any future period. Actual future results may vary considerably based on a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control.
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| | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended |
| | September 30, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (in millions, unaudited) |
| | (actual) | | (pro forma) |
Revenues | | $ | 84.1 | | | $ | 127.1 | |
Income before taxes | | | 23.9 | | | | 54.5 | |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | | | 14.5 | | | | 33.9 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 1.10 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the Nine Months Ended |
| | September 30, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (in millions, unaudited) |
| | (pro forma) |
Revenues | | $ | 220.8 | | | $ | 254.6 | |
Income before taxes | | | 57.4 | | | | 96.5 | |
Net income allocated to common stockholders | | | 32.6 | | | | 58.2 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 1.06 | | | $ | 1.89 | |
The pro forma results include (i) an adjustment of Caliburn’s compensation expense to Greenhill’s historical ratio of compensation expense to revenue for each period presented, (ii) the elimination of professional fees incurred by Caliburn in connection with the Acquisition in the three months ended March 31, 2010, and (iii) the recording of income tax expense resulting from the pro forma adjustments before tax at the Australian effective rate of 30 percent. The calculation of pro forma diluted earnings per share includes 1,099,874 common shares issued to the selling shareholders. The calculation of pro forma diluted shares does not include the contingent convertible preferred shares which may be converted in aggregate to 1,099,877 common shares in the event that Greenhill Caliburn achieves the three and five year revenue thresholds. See “Note 8 – Earnings Per Share”.
Note 4 — Investments
Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments
In connection with its plan to separate from the merchant banking business, in December 2009 the Company sold certain assets related to the merchant banking business, including the right to raise subsequent merchant banking funds and a 24% ownership interest in GCPII LLC, to GCP Capital, an entity not controlled by the Company. The Company retained a 76% interest in GCPII LLC. Under the terms of the separation agreement, the general partners of our U.S. merchant banking funds delegated to GCPII LLC their obligation to manage and administer the merchant banking funds during a transition period, which is expected to end in December 2010.
As a result of this transaction, GCPII LLC remained a controlled and consolidated subsidiary of the Company; however, effective in 2010 GCP Capital has a direct non-controlling ownership interest with a preferred economic interest in the first $10 million of profits of GCPII LLC. During the transition period, the excess of GCPII LLC’s management fee revenue over amounts incurred for compensation and other operating expenses, which accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital, is presented as noncontrolling interest. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 the allocable amounts earned by GCPII LLC were $0.7 million and $4.4 million, respectively, which fell within the amount of profit threshold that was fully allocable to GCP Capital and has been recorded as noncontrolling interest.
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Although the Company will no longer manage the Greenhill Funds after the transition period, the Company retained its existing investments in the Greenhill Funds and will continue to act as the general partner of Greenhill Funds. In addition to recording its direct investments in the affiliated funds, the Company consolidates each general partner in which it has a majority economic interest.
The Company’s management fee income consists of fees paid by its merchant banking funds and other transaction fees paid by the portfolio companies.
Investment gains or losses from merchant banking and other investment activities are comprised of investment income, realized and unrealized gains or losses from the Company’s investment in the Greenhill Funds, Iridium, certain other investments, and the consolidated earnings of the general partner in which it has a majority economic interest, offset by allocated expenses of the funds. That portion of the earnings or losses of the general partner which is held by employees and former employees of the Company is recorded as net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests.
As the general partner, the Company makes investment decisions for the Greenhill Funds and is entitled to receive an override of the profits realized from the funds. When financial returns are achieved over the life of the funds, the Company includes in consolidated merchant banking and other investment revenues all realized and unrealized profit overrides it earns from the Greenhill Funds.
As consideration for the sale of the merchant banking business, the Company received 289,050 shares of its common stock with a value of $24.4 million. The Company recognized a gain of $21.8 million in 2009 and deferred $2.6 million of gain on the sale related to non-compete and trademark licensing agreements, which will be amortized over the period 2010 to 2014. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 deferred gains of $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, were recognized.
The Company’s merchant banking and other investment revenues, by source, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Nine Months | |
| | Ended September 30, | | | Ended September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Management fees | | $ | 2,618 | | | $ | 4,199 | | | $ | 10,682 | | | $ | 13,153 | |
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments in merchant banking funds | | | 1,155 | | | | 4,477 | | | | 1,676 | | | | (1,756 | ) |
Net realized and unrealized merchant banking profit overrides | | | (6 | ) | | | (700 | ) | | | 84 | | | | (300 | ) |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Iridium | | | (17,223 | ) | | | 66,454 | | | | 7,679 | | | | 69,060 | |
Other realized and unrealized investment income (loss) | | | 390 | | | | (539 | ) | | | 550 | | | | (1,311 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total merchant banking and other investment revenues | | $ | (13,066 | ) | | $ | 73,891 | | | $ | 20,671 | | | $ | 78,846 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The carrying value of the Company’s investments in affiliated merchant banking funds is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of | | | As of | |
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, | | | (in thousands, | |
| | unaudited) | | | audited) | |
Investment in GCP I | | $ | 2,703 | | | $ | 3,147 | |
Investment in GCP II | | | 54,371 | | | | 51,189 | |
Investment in GSAVP | | | 3,838 | | | | 3,867 | |
Investment in GCPE | | | 16,566 | | | | 13,641 | |
| | | | | | |
Total investments in affiliated merchant banking funds | | $ | 77,478 | | | $ | 71,844 | |
| | | | | | |
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At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the investment in GCP I included $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the noncontrolling interests in the managing general partner of GCP I held directly by various employees of the Company. At both September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the investment in GCP II included $1.2 million related to the noncontrolling interests in the general partner of GCP II held directly by various employees of the Company. Additionally, at September 30, 2010, GCP Capital’s undistributed noncontrolling interest was $3.0 million.
Approximately $0.2 million of the Company’s compensation payable related to profit overrides for unrealized gains of the Greenhill Funds at both September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. This amount may increase or decrease depending on the change in the fair value of the Greenhill Funds’ portfolio, and is payable, subject to clawback, at the time the funds realize cash proceeds.
At September 30, 2010, the Company had unfunded commitments of $31.9 million to certain of the Greenhill Funds, which included unfunded commitments to GCP II of $8.2 million, which may be drawn down for follow-on investments through June 2012. However, it is not expected that this commitment will be drawn down in full. The Company has unfunded commitments to GSAVP of $4.0 million which may be drawn through September 2011, and unfunded commitments to GCP Europe of $19.7 million (or £12.5 million) which may be drawn through December 2012.
Summarized financial information for the combined GCP I funds, in their entirety, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of | | As of |
| | September 30, | | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (in thousands, | | (in thousands, |
| | unaudited) | | audited) |
Cash | | $ | 3,879 | | | $ | 6,047 | |
Portfolio investments | | | 14,256 | | | | 15,756 | |
Total assets | | | 18,135 | | | | 21,803 | |
Total liabilities | | | 2,053 | | | | 151 | |
Partners’ capital | | | 16,082 | | | | 21,652 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Nine Months | |
| | Ended September 30, | | | Ended September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Net realized and unrealized gains on investments | | $ | 479 | | | $ | 323 | | | $ | 110 | | | $ | 4,868 | |
Investment income | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 4 | | | | 22 | |
Expenses | | | (34 | ) | | | (103 | ) | | | (212 | ) | | | (431 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 447 | | | $ | 221 | | | $ | (98 | ) | | $ | 4,459 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Summarized financial information for the combined GCP II funds, in their entirety, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of | | As of |
| | September 30, | | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (in thousands, | | (in thousands, |
| | unaudited) | | audited) |
Cash | | $ | 64,908 | | | $ | 25,762 | |
Portfolio investments | | | 456,341 | | | | 506,773 | |
Total assets | | | 521,314 | | | | 532,864 | |
Total liabilities | | | 644 | | | | 46,943 | |
Partners’ capital | | | 520,670 | | | | 485,921 | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Nine Months | |
| | Ended September 30, | | | Ended September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments | | $ | 16,381 | | | $ | 44,251 | | | $ | 29,696 | | | $ | (19,405 | ) |
Investment income | | | 404 | | | | 688 | | | | 6,626 | | | | 5,262 | |
Expenses | | | (1,002 | ) | | | (3,076 | ) | | | (6,961 | ) | | | (7,389 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 15,783 | | | $ | 41,863 | | | $ | 29,361 | | | $ | (21,532 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Investments
The Company has other principal investments including investments in Iridium, other merchant banking funds and other investments. The Company’s other investments are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of | | | As of | |
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, | | | (in thousands, | |
| | unaudited) | | | audited) | |
Iridium Common Stock (formerly GHLAC Common Stock) | | $ | 76,211 | | | $ | 68,077 | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | | 7,440 | | | | 8,015 | |
Barrow Street Capital III, LLC | | | 2,357 | | | | 2,425 | |
Deferred compensation plan investments | | | 8,143 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Total other investments | | $ | 94,151 | | | $ | 78,517 | |
| | | | | | |
In November 2007, the Company purchased 11,500,000 units of GHLAC for $25,000. In February 2008, the Company completed the initial public offering of units in GHLAC, and in conjunction therewith, forfeited 3,130,437 units. Each unit consisted of one share of GHLAC’s common stock (“GHLAC Common Stock”) and one warrant (the “Founder Warrants”). At the time of the public offering, the Company purchased 8,000,000 private placement warrants for a purchase price of $8.0 million (the “GHLAC Private Placement Warrants”, together with the Founder Warrants, the “GHLAC Warrants”). In October 2008, GCE invested $22.9 million in Iridium Holdings LLC in the form of a convertible subordinated note (the “Iridium 5% Convertible Note”), which was unsecured and accrued interest at the rate of 5% per annum starting six months after the date of issuance and had a maturity date of October 24, 2015. On September 29, 2009, GHLAC completed its acquisition of Iridium Holdings LLC. The combined company was renamed Iridium Communications Inc. (“Iridium”), and in October 2009, the Company converted the Iridium 5% Convertible Note into 1,995,629 common shares of Iridium (“Iridium Common Stock”) (NASDAQ: IRDM).
Prior to the completion of the acquisition of Iridium by GHLAC, the Company’s fully diluted ownership in GHLAC was approximately 17%. Effective upon the closing of the acquisition of Iridium by GHLAC, the Company agreed to (1) forfeit 1,441,176 shares of GHLAC common stock, (2) forfeit 8,369,563 Founder Warrants, (3) forfeit 4,000,000 GHLAC Private Placement Warrants, and (4) exchange 4,000,000 GHLAC Private Placement Warrants for restructured warrants with a strike price of $11.50 per share and an expiration date of February 15, 2015.
At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company owned 8,924,016 shares of Iridium Common Stock and warrants to purchase 4,000,000 additional shares of Iridium Common Stock at $11.50 per share (“Iridium $11.50 Warrants”) (NASDAQ : IRDMZ) and the Company’s fully diluted ownership in Iridium was approximately 12%. Both the Iridium Common Stock and the Iridium $11.50 Warrants were restricted from sale until March 29, 2010. During the period March 30, 2010 through September 29, 2010, the Company was permitted to sell its investment in Iridium as part of a registered secondary offering if authorized by Iridium’s board of directors. As of September 29, 2010, all contractual restrictions on the sale of the Company’s investments in Iridium lapsed.
20
At September 30, 2010 the Company’s investment in Iridium Common Stock was valued at quoted market price. At September 30, 2009 and at December 31, 2009, the carrying value of the investments in Iridium Common Stock was valued at its closing market price discounted for legal and contractual restrictions on the sale of securities held by the Company. Prior to the acquisition of Iridium, the Company’s interest in GHLAC Common Stock was accounted for under the equity method as the Company maintained and exercised significant influence over the entity as defined by ASC 323. Upon closing of the acquisition of Iridium by GHLAC, the Company relinquished certain GHLAC board and management positions to Iridium. As such, the Company is no longer deemed to maintain or exercise significant influence over GHLAC and therefore changed its method of accounting for its investment in GHLAC from the equity method to fair value as trading securities under ASC 320.
Since the closing of the acquisition of Iridium, an active trading market has not existed for the Iridium $11.50 Warrants and accordingly at September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009, the Company used an internally developed model to value such warrants which takes into account various standard option valuation methodologies, including Black Scholes modeling. Selected inputs for the Company’s model include: (1) the terms of the warrants, including exercise price, exercisability threshold and expiration date; and (2) externally observable factors including the trading price of Iridium shares, yields on U.S. Treasury obligations and various equity volatility measures, including historical volatility of broad market indices.
At September 30, 2009, the Company determined the value of the Iridium 5% Convertible Note based upon Iridium’s financial position, liquidity, operating results and the terms of the note and other qualitative and quantitative factors.
The Company committed $5.0 million to Barrow Street Capital III, LLC (“Barrow Street III”), a real estate investment fund, of which $0.3 million remains unfunded at September 30, 2010. The unfunded amount may be called at any time prior to the expiration of the fund in 2013 to preserve or enhance the value of existing investments.
The deferred compensation plan investments are related to Greenhill Caliburn’s legacy deferred compensation plan acquired in the Acquisition. The amounts are invested in both cash and equity mutual fund investments managed by a third party and will be distributed to the participants during the period 2010 to 2016. Subsequent to the Acquisition the Company has discontinued future participation in this deferred compensation plan. See “Note 3 – Acquisition”.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The following tables set forth by level assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of September 30, 2010
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Quoted Prices in | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Active Markets | | | Significant Other | | | Significant | | | Balance as | |
| | for | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | | | of | |
| | Identical Assets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | | | September 30, | |
| | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | | | 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium Common Stock | | $ | 76,211 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 76,211 | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | | — | | | | — | | | | 7,440 | | | | 7,440 | |
Deferred compensation plan investments | | | — | | | | 8,143 | | | | — | | | | 8,143 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 76,211 | | | $ | 8,143 | | | $ | 7,440 | | | $ | 91,794 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of December 31, 2009
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Quoted Prices in | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Active Markets | | | Significant Other | | | Significant | | | Balance as | |
| | for | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | | | of | |
| | Identical Assets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | | | December 31, | |
| | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium Common Stock | | $ | — | | | $ | 68,077 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 68,077 | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,015 | | | | 8,015 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | — | | | $ | 68,077 | | | $ | 8,015 | | | $ | 76,092 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2009, the Company valued the Iridium Common Stock at its quoted market price, discounted for legal and contractual restrictions on sale, and accordingly it was recorded as level 2 investments. Effective March 31, 2010 and for subsequent periods the Company recorded its investment in Iridium without a market discount and accordingly, recorded such investment as a level 1 investment.
The value of the deferred compensation plan investments assumed in the Acquisition consists of both cash and equity mutual fund investments, which have been recorded at net asset value, and has been recorded as a level 2 investment.
Level 1 Gains and Losses
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 1 investments for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | July 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 1 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium Common Stock | | $ | 89,597 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (13,386 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 76,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 89,597 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (13,386 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 76,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 1 investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | January 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 1 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium Common Stock | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,837 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 72,374 | | | $ | 76,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,837 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 72,374 | | | $ | 76,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Level 2 Gains and Losses
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 2 investments for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | July 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 2 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred compensation plan investments | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,143 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,143 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,143 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,143 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 2 investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | January 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 2 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium Common Stock | | $ | 68,077 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,297 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (72,374 | ) | | $ | — | |
Deferred compensation plan investments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,143 | | | | — | | | | 8,143 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 68,077 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,297 | | | $ | 8,143 | | | $ | (72,374 | ) | | $ | 8,143 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 Gains and Losses
The following tables set forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 3 investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | July 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 3 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | $ | 10,280 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (2,840 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7,440 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 10,280 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (2,840 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7,440 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | Balance | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | January 1, 2010 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 3 | | | September 30, 2010 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | $ | 8,015 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (575 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7,440 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 8,015 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (575 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7,440 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
23
The following tables set forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s level 3 investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | July 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2009 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 3 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,135 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,135 | |
Iridium 5% Convertible Note | | | 22,900 | | | | — | | | | (2,471 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 20,429 | |
GHLAC Warrants | | | 13,749 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (13,749 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 36,649 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (2,471 | ) | | $ | (2,614 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 31,564 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning | | | | | | | | | | | Sales, Other | | | Net | | | | |
| | Balance | | | Realized | | | Unrealized | | | Settlements | | | Transfers | | | Ending | |
| | January 1, | | | Gains | | | Gains or | | | and | | | in and/or | | | Balance | |
| | 2009 | | | or (Losses) | | | (Losses) | | | Issuances, net | | | out of Level 3 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, unaudited) | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Iridium $11.50 Warrants | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,135 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,135 | |
Iridium 5% Convertible Note | | | 22,900 | | | | — | | | | (2,471 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 20,429 | |
GHLAC Warrants | | | 8,295 | | | | — | | | | 5,454 | | | | (13,749 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investments | | $ | 31,195 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,983 | | | $ | (2,614 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 31,564 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 5 — Related Parties
At September 30, 2010, the Company had receivables of $0.3 million due from the Greenhill Funds relating to expense reimbursements, which are included in due from affiliates. At December 31, 2009, the Company had receivables of $0.2 million and payables of $0.4 million due to the Greenhill Funds relating to accrued management fees and expense reimbursements, which are included in due to affiliates. See “Note 1 — Organization”.
Included in accounts payable and accrued expenses are $0.3 million at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, of interest payable on the undistributed earnings to the U.K. members of GCI. See “Note 1 — Organization”.
Under the terms of the Share Sale Agreement the selling shareholder and certain non-founding partners of Caliburn were paid post closing distributions of accrued profits prior to the acquisition date of approximately AUS $7.6 million ($6.9 million). See “Note 3 — Acquisition”.
In conjunction with the sale of certain assets of the merchant banking business, the Company agreed to sublease to GCP Capital office space for a period of three to five years beginning in January 2011. The Company did not recognize any revenue related to the sublease during the nine months ended September 30, 2010. See “Note 4 — Investments — Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
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Note 6 — Revolving Bank Loan Facility
At September 30, 2010, the Company had a $75.0 million revolving loan facility from a U.S. banking institution to provide for working capital needs, facilitate the funding of investments, and for other general corporate purposes. The revolving loan facility is secured by all management fees earned by GCPLLC, GCPII LLC and GVP, any cash distributed in respect of its partnership interests in GCP I and GCP II or GSAVP, as applicable, and cash distributions from G&Co, and is subject to a borrowing base limitation. The maturity date of the facility is April 30, 2011. Effective December 31, 2010 the commitment amount will be reduced to $60.0 million. Interest on borrowings are based on the higher of Prime Rate or 4.0% and is payable monthly. In addition, the revolving loan facility has a prohibition on the incurrence of additional indebtedness without the prior approval of the lenders and the Company is required to comply with certain financial and liquidity covenants. The weighted average daily borrowings outstanding under the loan facility were approximately $57.2 million and $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The weighted average interest rates were 4.0% for both periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009. At September 30, 2010, the Company was compliant with all loan covenants.
Note 7 — Equity
In connection with the acquisition of Caliburn on April 1, 2010 the Company issued 1,099,874 shares of its common stock and 1,099,877 contingent convertible preferred shares. The contingent convertible preferred shares do not pay dividends and will convert to shares of the Company’s common stock if certain revenue targets are achieved. If the performance targets are not achieved the contingent convertible preferred shares will be cancelled. See “Note 3 — Acquisition” and “Note 8 — Earnings Per Share”.
On September 15, 2010, a dividend of $0.45 per share was paid to shareholders of record on September 1, 2010. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, dividend equivalents of $3.8 million and $3.4 million, respectively, were paid on the restricted stock units that are expected to vest.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, 724,869 restricted stock units vested and were issued as common stock of which the Company is deemed to have repurchased 312,870 shares at an average price of $78.21 per share in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in respect of stock delivered to its employees in settlement of restricted stock units. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Company repurchased in open market transactions 181,550 shares of its common stock at an average price of $68.21.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, 322,641 restricted stock units vested and were issued as common stock of which the Company is deemed to have repurchased 129,708 shares at an average price of $68.53 per share in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in respect of stock delivered to its employees in settlement of restricted stock units. There were no shares of common stock repurchased in open market transactions during the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
Note 8 — Earnings Per Share
The computations of basic and diluted EPS are set forth below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Nine Months | |
| | Ended September 30, | | | Ended September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands, except per share amounts, unaudited) | |
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS — net income allocated to common stockholders | | $ | 14,470 | | | $ | 30,044 | | | $ | 32,532 | | | $ | 54,235 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Denominator for basic EPS — weighted average number of shares | | | 30,755 | | | | 29,663 | | | | 30,546 | | | | 29,589 | |
Add — dilutive effect of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of incremental shares issuable from restricted stock units | | | 46 | | | | 125 | | | | 64 | | | | 84 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Denominator for diluted EPS — weighted average number of shares and dilutive potential shares | | | 30,801 | | | | 29,788 | | | | 30,610 | | | | 29,673 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 1.07 | | | $ | 1.83 | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 1.01 | | | $ | 1.06 | | | $ | 1.83 | |
25
The weighted number of shares and dilutive potential shares do not include the contingent convertible preferred shares. Such shares will potentially convert to shares of the Company’s common stock in tranches of 659,926 shares and 439,951 shares on the third and fifth anniversary of the closing of the Acquisition, respectively, if certain revenue targets are achieved. At the time a revenue target is achieved such shares will be included in the Company’s share count. If the performance target for each tranche are not achieved the contingent convertible preferred shares in that tranche will be cancelled. See “Note 3 — Acquisition”.
Note 9 — Income Taxes
The Company’s effective rate will vary depending on the source of the income. Investment and certain foreign-sourced income are taxed at a lower effective rate than U.S. trade or business income.
Based on the Company’s historical taxable income and its expectation for taxable income in the future, management expects that the deferred tax asset, which relates principally to compensation expense deducted for book purposes but not yet deducted for tax purposes, will be realized as offsets to (i) the realization of its deferred tax liabilities, which is principally comprised of unrealized gains on investments, and (ii) future taxable income. Included in other receivables in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition are income taxes receivable of $1.3 million and $1.7 million as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities are current income taxes payable of $13.5 million and $0.0 million as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Any gain or loss resulting from the translation of deferred taxes for foreign affiliates is included in the foreign currency translation adjustment incorporated as a component of other comprehensive income, net of tax, in the condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity.
The Company performed a tax analysis as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, and determined that there was no requirement to accrue any liabilities, pursuant to FASB ASC 740-10.
Note 10 — Regulatory Requirements
Certain subsidiaries of the Company are subject to various regulatory requirements in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia, which specify, among other requirements, minimum net capital requirements for registered broker-dealers.
G&Co is subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Uniform Net Capital requirements under Rule 15c3-1 (the “Rule”), which specifies, among other requirements, minimum net capital requirements for registered broker-dealers. The Rule requires G&Co to maintain a minimum net capital of the greater of $5,000 or 1/15 of aggregate indebtedness, as defined in the Rule. As of September 30, 2010, G&Co’s net capital was $10.5 million, which exceeded its requirement by $10.0 million. G&Co’s aggregate indebtedness to net capital ratio was 0.68 to 1 at September 30, 2010. Certain advances, distributions and other capital withdrawals of G&Co are subject to certain notifications and restrictive provisions of the Rule.
GCI, GCEI and GCPE are subject to capital requirements of the FSA. Greenhill Caliburn is subject to capital requirements of the ASIC. As of September 30, 2010, each of GCI, GCEI, GCPE and Greenhill Caliburn was in compliance with its local capital adequacy requirements.
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Note 11 — Business Information
The Company’s activities as an investment banking firm constitute a single business segment, with two principal sources of revenue:
| • | | Financial advisory, which includes engagements relating to mergers and acquisitions, financing advisory and restructuring, and private equity and real estate capital advisory services; and |
| • | | Merchant banking, which includes the management of outside capital invested in the Greenhill Funds and the Company’s investments in such funds and other principal investments. |
The following provides a breakdown of our aggregate revenues by source for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | |
| | September 30, 2010 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | Amount | | | % of Total | | | Amount | | | % of Total | |
| | (in millions, unaudited) | |
Financial advisory fees | | $ | 97.0 | | | NM | | | $ | 42.4 | | | | 36 | % |
Merchant banking and other investment revenues | | | (12.9 | ) | | NM | | | | 73.9 | | | | 64 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 84.1 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 116.3 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, 2010 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | Amount | | | % of Total | | | Amount | | | % of Total | |
| | (in millions, unaudited) | |
Financial advisory fees | | $ | 195.5 | | | | 90 | % | | $ | 153.0 | | | | 66 | % |
Merchant banking and other investment revenues | | | 20.9 | | | | 10 | % | | | 79.2 | | | | 34 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 216.4 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 232.2 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Through December 2009, the Company’s financial advisory and merchant banking activities were closely aligned and had similar economic characteristics. A similar network of business and other relationships upon which the Company relies for financial advisory opportunities also generate merchant banking opportunities. Through 2009, the Company’s professionals and employees were treated as a common pool of available resources and the related compensation and other Company costs were not directly attributable to either particular revenue source. In reporting to management, the Company distinguishes the sources of its investment banking revenues between financial advisory and merchant banking. However, management does not evaluate other financial data or operating results such as operating expenses, profit and loss or assets by its financial advisory and merchant banking activities. Under the terms of the separation agreement among the Company and GCP Capital, the Company will continue to manage and administer the affiliated merchant funds during a transition period which is expected to end in December 2010. During that transition period, the Company has designated specific employees who will be dedicated to the merchant banking activities and established a system of measuring the operating costs of the merchant banking business. Under the agreed upon arrangement, effective in 2010 GCP Capital has a direct non-controlling ownership interest with a preferred economic interest in the first $10 million of profits of GCPII LLC. During that transition period, the excess of management fee revenue over the amount paid for compensation and other operating expenses associated with the management of the affiliated funds that accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital is treated by the Company as noncontrolling interest. See “Note 4 – Investments – Affiliated Merchant Banking Investments”.
Note 12 — Subsequent Event
On October 20, 2010, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a quarterly dividend of $0.45 per share. The dividend will be payable on December 15, 2010 to the common stockholders of record on December 1, 2010.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
In this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “we”, “our”, “firm” and “us” refer to Greenhill & Co., Inc.
Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this report. We have made statements in this discussion that are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may”, “might”, “will”, “should”, “expect”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “intend”, “predict”, “potential” or “continue”, the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, based on our growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In particular, you should consider the numerous risks outlined under “Risk Factors” in our 2009 Report onForm 10-K and subsequent Forms 8-K.
Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We are under no duty to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this filing to conform our prior statements to actual results or revised expectations.
Overview
Greenhill is a leading independent investment bank focused on providing financial advice on significant mergers, acquisitions, restructurings, financings and capital raising to corporations, partnerships, institutions and governments. We act for clients located throughout the world from our offices in New York, London, Frankfurt, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Melbourne and San Francisco.
In the financial advisory business, the main driver of our revenues is overall mergers and acquisitions, or M&A, and restructuring volume, particularly in the industry sectors and geographic markets in which we focus. Additionally, our private capital advisory and real estate capital advisory groups provide fund placement and other capital raising advisory services. We have recruited and plan to continue to recruit new Managing Directors to expand our industry sector and geographic coverage. On April 1, 2010, we acquired the Australian advisory firm Caliburn Partnership Pty Limited (“Caliburn”), with six Managing Directors and 40 total employees. Caliburn has established a strong position in that market over its 11 year history and operates in Australia and New Zealand under the name Greenhill Caliburn. At the time of its acquisition by the firm, Caliburn had advised on more than AUS $170 billion of transactions since its founding in 1999, and had revenue for its fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007 of AUS $68.0 million, AUS $80.9 million and AUS $80.8 million, respectively. Additionally, we further expanded our advisory business in 2010 with the addition of four Managing Directors and 11 total employees dedicated to the real estate capital advisory group and one Managing Director focused on the European energy sector. As of the end of the most recent quarter we had 64 client facing Managing Directors globally.
We also currently manage merchant banking funds and similar vehicles, although we expect to separate from that business effective December 31, 2010 in order to focus entirely on our financial advisory business going forward. GCP Capital Partners Holding LLC (“GCP Capital”), a new entity which is independent from the firm, will take over management of the merchant banking funds. During the
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remainder of 2010 the firm will continue to recognize management fee revenue and expenses related to the operation of funds. After the separation of the business we no longer expect to generate any fee revenue and expenses from the management of these funds.
While we will no longer manage the merchant banking funds after a transition period we will retain our existing investments in the merchant banking funds and will continue to recognize gains and losses on our investments on a quarterly basis until such investments are realized over time. In particular, we will retain our existing principal investments in the merchant banking funds as well as our investment in Iridium Communications, Inc. (“Iridium”) (NASDAQ: IRDM), of which we owned approximately 12% as of September 30, 2010. We intend to liquidate our direct investments in the merchant banking funds and our investment in Iridium over time. During the period that we hold our investments we will continue to record realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of such investments, the size and timing of which are tied to a number of different factors including the performance of the particular companies in which we invest, general economic conditions in the debt and equity markets and other factors which affect the industries in which we invest. Adverse changes in general economic conditions, commodity prices, credit and public equity markets, including a decline in the share price of Iridium, could negatively impact the amount of financial advisory and merchant banking revenue realized by the firm. See “Item 2. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Merchant Banking and Other Investment Revenues”.
Business Environment
Economic and global financial market conditions can materially affect our financial performance. See “Risk Factors” in our Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Revenues and net income in any period may not be indicative of full year results or the results of any other period and may vary significantly from year to year and quarter to quarter.
Financial advisory revenues were $97.0 million in the third quarter of 2010 compared to $42.4 million in the third quarter of 2009, which represents an increase of 129%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, advisory revenues were $195.5 million compared to $153.0 million for the comparable period in 2009, representing an increase of 28%. At the same time, worldwide completed M&A volume increased by 7%, from $1,200.4 billion in 2009 to $1,287.2 billion in 20101.
Since July 2007, the financial markets have experienced a sharp contraction in credit availability and global M&A activity. The capital markets volatility and uncertain macroeconomic outlook of the last few years have further contributed to a volatile and uncertain environment for evaluating many assets, securities and companies, which has created a more difficult environment for M&A and fundraising activity. There is considerable uncertainty as to how much longer this difficult economic environment may last. Because we earn a majority of our financial advisory revenue from fees that are dependent on the successful completion of a merger, acquisition, restructuring or similar transaction or the closing of a fund, our financial advisory business has been negatively impacted and may be further impacted by a both a reduction in M&A activity and a lengthening of the completion time of transactions.
During the past three years we have substantially expanded our geographic reach, our industry sector expertise and the total number of employees focused on our financial advisory business. We believe that our simple business model as an independent, unconflicted adviser will continue to create opportunities for us to attract new clients and provide us with excellent recruiting opportunities to further expand our industry expertise and geographic reach. Furthermore, we believe that we are well positioned to benefit if general transaction and fund raising activity returns towards historic normal levels.
| | |
1 | | Source: Global M&A completed transaction volume for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2009. Source: Thomson Financial as of October 7, 2010. |
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Results of Operations
Summary
Our revenues of $84.1 million for the third quarter of 2010 compare with revenues of $116.3 million for the third quarter of 2009, which represents a decrease of $32.2 million or 28%. Financial advisory revenues for the third quarter 2010 were $97.0 million as compared to $42.4 million for the same period in 2009, or up 129%. However, total revenues for the period were down versus the prior year, primarily due to an unrealized investment gain of $66.5 million in the third quarter of 2009 from our investment in Iridium.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, revenues were $216.4 million, compared to $232.2 million for the comparable period in 2009, representing a decrease of $15.8 million, or 7%. Financial advisory revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 were $195.5 million compared to $153.0 million, or up 28%, over the same period in 2009, but total revenues for the year-to-date period in 2009 included an unrealized investment gain of $69.1 million from Iridium.
For the third quarter 2010 we earned net income available to common stockholders of $14.5 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.47 as compared to net income available to common stockholders of $30.0 million and $1.01 of diluted earnings per share for the quarter ended September 30, 2009. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010 we earned net income available to common stockholders of $32.5 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.06 as compared to net income available to common stockholders of $54.2 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.83 for the same period in 2009.
Our quarterly revenues and net income can fluctuate materially depending on the number and size of completed transactions on which we advised, the number and size of investment gains (or losses) and other factors. Accordingly, the revenues and net income in any particular period may not be indicative of future results.
Revenues By Source
The following provides a breakdown of total revenues by source for the three month and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
Revenue by Principal Source of Revenue
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | |
| | September 30, 2010 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | Amount | | | % of Total | | | Amount | | | % of Total | |
| | (in millions, unaudited) | |
Financial advisory fees | | $ | 97.0 | | | NM | | | $ | 42.4 | | | | 36 | % |
Merchant banking and other investment revenues | | | (12.9 | ) | | NM | | | | 73.9 | | | | 64 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 84.1 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 116.3 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, 2010 | | | September 30, 2009 | |
| | Amount | | | % of Total | | | Amount | | | % of Total | |
| | (in millions, unaudited) | |
Financial advisory fees | | $ | 195.5 | | | | 90 | % | | $ | 153.0 | | | | 66 | % |
Merchant banking and other investment revenues | | | 20.9 | | | | 10 | % | | | 79.2 | | | | 34 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 216.4 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 232.2 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Financial Advisory Revenues
Financial advisory revenues primarily consist of financial advisory and transaction related fees earned in connection with advising companies in mergers, acquisitions, restructurings or similar transactions. We earned $97.0 million in financial advisory revenues in the third quarter of 2010 compared to $42.4 million in the third quarter of 2009, which represents an increase of 129%. The increase in our financial advisory fees in the third quarter of 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009 reflected a significant increase in the volume and scale of completed assignments. During the quarter we also advised a private equity fund client, on its fundraising, which efforts are continuing.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, advisory revenues were $195.5 million compared to $153.0 million for the comparable period in 2009, representing an increase of 28%. The increase in our advisory revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior year reflected an increase in the volume of both completed transactions and strategic advisory assignments and related retainer fees.
Financial advisory assignments completed in the third quarter of 2010 included:
| • | | the sale of the domestic network outsourcing business of AT&T Japan (an AT&T Inc. company) to Internet Initiative Japan; |
|
| • | | the acquisition of Aevum Ltd. by Stockland Corp. Ltd; |
|
| • | | the sale of certain packaging assets by Bemis Company, Inc. to Exopack Holding Company; |
|
| • | | the business combination of eAccess Ltd. with Emobile Ltd.; |
|
| • | | the acquisition by Emerson Electric Co. of Chloride Group plc; |
|
| • | | the sale of Emerson Electric Co.’s LANDesk Software to Thoma Bravo; |
|
| • | | the strategic alliance of Kohl’s Corporation’s private label credit card business with Capital One Financial Corporation; |
|
| • | | the acquisition of Lihir Gold Limited by Newcrest Mining Ltd; |
|
| • | | the sale of Media Monitors to Quadrant Private Equity; |
|
| • | | the sale of Scott Wilson plc to URS Corporation; |
|
| • | | the sale of an interest in Stroz Friedberg LLC to New Mountain Capital; |
|
| • | | the acquisition by Sun Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd. of Taro Pharmaceutical Industries; and |
|
| • | | the sale of USEN Corporation’s subsidiary Intelligence Ltd. to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. |
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Merchant Banking and Other Investment Revenues
In connection with our plan to separate from the merchant banking business, in December 2009 we sold certain assets related to the merchant banking business, including the right to raise subsequent merchant banking funds and a non-controlling ownership interest in our subsidiary, Greenhill Capital Partners II LLC (“GCP II LLC”), to GCP Capital, an entity not controlled by us. Under the terms of the separation agreement GCP II LLC will manage and administer the merchant banking funds during a transition period, which is expected to end on December 31, 2010. After the transition period GCP Capital will take over management of the merchant banking funds and we no longer expect to earn management fee revenue or incur expenses from the management of the funds. During 2010 we will continue to record the revenues and expenses related to our management of the merchant banking funds in our consolidated results. However, during that period GCP Capital has a preferred economic interest in the first $10 million of profits of GCP II LLC and accordingly, the excess of management fee revenue over amounts incurred for compensation and other operating expenses that accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital is presented as noncontrolling interest. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 the allocable amounts earned by GCP II LLC were $0.7 million and $4.4 million, respectively, which fell within the amount of profit threshold that was fully allocable to GCP Capital and has been recorded as noncontrolling interest. Although we will no longer manage the merchant banking funds after the transition period, we will retain our existing investments in the merchant banking funds and will continue to act as the general partner of the existing funds. See “Item 2. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources”.
Our merchant banking activities currently consist primarily of the management of and our investments in Greenhill’s merchant banking funds and our investment in Iridium. The following table sets forth additional information relating to our merchant banking and other investment revenues:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Nine Months | |
| | Ended September 30, | | | Ended September 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in millions, unaudited) | |
Management fees | | $ | 2.6 | | | $ | 4.2 | | | $ | 10.7 | | | $ | 13.2 | |
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments in merchant banking funds | | | 1.2 | | | | 4.5 | | | | 1.7 | | | | (1.8 | ) |
Net realized and unrealized merchant banking profit overrides | | | 0.0 | | | | (0.7 | ) | | | 0.1 | | | | (0.3 | ) |
Net unrealized gain (loss)on investment in Iridium | | | (17.2 | ) | | | 66.5 | | | | 7.7 | | | | 69.1 | |
Other realized and unrealized investment income (loss) | | | 0.4 | | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 0.5 | | | | (1.3 | ) |
Interest income | | | 0.1 | | | | 0.0 | | | | 0.2 | | | | 0.3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total merchant banking and other investment revenues | | $ | (12.9 | ) | | $ | 73.9 | | | $ | 20.9 | | | $ | 79.2 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The firm recorded negative $(12.9) million in merchant banking and other investment revenues in the third quarter of 2010 compared to $73.9 million in the third quarter of 2009. The year-to-year decrease in revenue of $86.8 million principally resulted from the large unrealized gain we recorded in our investment in Iridium during the third quarter of 2009, at the time of the business combination of GHL Acquisition Corp. and Iridium, as compared to a mark-to-market investment loss recorded on Iridium in the third quarter of 2010. During the three months ended September 30, 2010 our other merchant banking gains were slightly less than the comparable period in 2009. In addition, management fees declined as compared to the same period in the prior year due to the expiration in June 2010 of the commitment period of
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Greenhill Capital Partners Fund II (“GCP II”). As a result of the termination of the commitment period we expect that we will recognize approximately $7.5 million of management fees related to GCP II in 2010 as compared to $12.0 million in 2009. In aggregate, we expect that we will recognize management fee revenue of approximately $13.0 million from the merchant banking funds, for the year ended December 31, 2010. See “Item 2. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources”.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the firm earned $20.9 million in merchant banking and other investment revenues compared to $79.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in merchant banking and other investment revenues resulted primarily from the absence of the large 2009 unrealized gain recorded in Iridium referred to above. During the nine months ended, September 30, 2010 we recognized revenue from an increase in the fair market value of our investment in the merchant banking funds as compared to a decline in the fair market value of the merchant banking portfolio in the same period in the prior year. Management fees declined year-to-date 2010 as compared to the prior year as a result of the expiration of the commitment period of GCP II.
During the third quarter of 2010, the merchant banking funds invested $1.7 million, 7% of which was firm capital. During the third quarter of 2009, the funds invested $5.5 million, 11% of which was firm capital. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the merchant banking funds invested $60.3 million, 12% of which was firm capital. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the funds invested $14.9 million, 12% of which was firm capital.
In accordance with the terms of the separation agreement in respect of our merchant banking business, during the transition period the excess of management fee revenue over the amount paid for compensation and other operating expenses associated with the management of the funds accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital and is treated by the firm as a noncontrolling interest.
We recognize revenue on investments in merchant banking funds based on our allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds on a quarterly basis. In addition, we recognize the consolidated earnings of the general partners of these funds in which we have a majority economic interest, offset by allocated expenses of the funds. To the extent we make other principal investments, such as Iridium, we will also recognize revenue based on the realized and unrealized gains (or losses) from such investments on a quarterly basis. We record our investments at estimated fair value. The value of our merchant banking fund investments in privately held companies is determined on a quarterly basis by the general partner of the fund after giving consideration to the cost of the security, the pricing of other sales of securities by the portfolio company, the price of securities of other companies comparable to the portfolio company, purchase multiples paid in other comparable third-party transactions, the original purchase price multiple, market conditions, liquidity, operating results and other quantitative and qualitative factors. Discounts may be applied to the funds’ privately held investments to reflect the lack of liquidity and other transfer restrictions. Investments held by our merchant banking funds as well as those held directly by us in publicly traded securities are valued using quoted market prices discounted for any legal or contractual restrictions on sale. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuations as well as the discounts applied, the estimated fair values of investments in privately held companies may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed. Furthermore, due to the volatility in general economic conditions, stock markets and commodity prices we may record significant changes in the fair value of the investments from quarter to quarter. Significant changes in the estimated fair value of our investments may have a material effect, positive or negative, on our revenues and thus our results of operations. See “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Revenue Recognition – Merchant Banking and Other Revenues”.
As the general partner of our merchant banking funds, we are entitled to receive an override of the profits of the funds after certain performance hurdles are met; whether these hurdles can be met will depend on the underlying fair value of each portfolio company. Overrides are generally calculated on a deal-by-deal basis but are subject to investment performance over the life of each merchant banking fund. We may be required to repay a portion of the overrides to the limited partners of the funds in the event a profit override has been realized and paid to the general partner and a minimum performance level is not
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achieved by the fund as a whole (we refer to these potential repayments as “clawbacks”). A significant portion of the overrides, if any, will be paid out as employee compensation to those employees who focus primarily on our merchant banking business. As of September 30, 2010, the net internal rate of return of each investment in GCP II, Greenhill Capital Partners Europe Fund (“GCP Europe”) and Greenhill SAV Partners Fund (“GSAVP”) was negative. We have not recognized profit overrides from these investments. Unless we have significant gains in the portfolio companies in each fund, it is not likely that we will exceed the profit threshold for each fund and recognize profit override revenue.
We also recognize gains or losses from our investment in Iridium based on the fair market value of our investment as of the end of any period. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2010, we recognized a gain of $7.7 million on our investment in Iridium. As of September 30, 2010, we owned 8,924,016 shares of Iridium common stock and 4,000,000 Iridium $11.50 warrants (NASDAQ: IRDMZ), or approximately 12% of the Iridium’s common stock on a fully diluted basis.
At September 30, 2010, the firm had principal investments of $171.6 million, including our investment in Iridium of $83.7 million. Declines in the fair market value of our principal investments, particularly Iridium because of the significance of our investment, may adversely affect the amount of merchant banking and other investment revenue recorded in any period.
The investment gains or losses in our merchant banking and other investment portfolio may fluctuate significantly over time due to factors beyond our control, such as performance of each company in our portfolio, equity market valuations, commodity prices and merger and acquisition opportunities. Revenue recognized from gains (or losses) recorded in any particular period are not necessarily indicative of revenue that may be realized and/or recognized in future periods.
Operating Expenses
We classify operating expenses as employee compensation and benefits expenses and non-compensation expenses.
Our total operating expenses for the third quarter of 2010 were $60.1 million, compared to $65.0 million for the third quarter of 2009. This decrease of $4.9 million, or 8%, resulted from a decrease in compensation expense offset by an increase in non-compensation expense, each as described in more detail below. Our pre-tax income margin was 29% in the third quarter of 2010 compared to 44% in the third quarter of 2009.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, total operating expenses were $159.1 million, compared to $141.3 million for the same period in 2009. The increase of $17.8 million, or 13%, relates to increases in both compensation expense and non-compensation expenses, both related to the expansion of the firm, as described in more detail below. The pre-tax income margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was 27% compared to 39% for the comparable period in 2009.
The following table sets forth information relating to our operating expenses, which are reported net of reimbursements of certain expenses by our clients and merchant banking portfolio companies:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | For the Nine Months |
| | Ended September 30, | | Ended September 30, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (in millions, unaudited) |
Employee compensation & benefits expense | | $ | 44.2 | | | $ | 53.2 | | | $ | 114.7 | | | $ | 106.8 | |
% of revenues | | | 53 | % | | | 46 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 46 | % |
Non-compensation expenses | | | 15.9 | | | | 11.8 | | | | 44.4 | | | | 34.5 | |
% of revenues | | | 19 | % | | | 10 | % | | | 21 | % | | | 15 | % |
Total operating expenses | | | 60.1 | | | | 65.0 | | | | 159.1 | | | | 141.3 | |
% of revenues | | | 72 | % | | | 56 | % | | | 74 | % | | | 61 | % |
Total income before tax | | | 24.0 | | | | 51.4 | | | | 57.3 | | | | 90.9 | |
Pre-tax income margin | | | 29 | % | | | 44 | % | | | 27 | % | | | 39 | % |
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Compensation and Benefits Expenses
Our employee compensation and benefits expenses in the third quarter of 2010 were $44.2 million, which reflects a 53% ratio of compensation to revenue. This amount compared to $53.2 million for the third quarter of 2009, which reflected a 46% ratio of compensation to revenue. The decrease of $9.0 million, or 17%, is due to the lower level of revenues in the third quarter of 2010 compared to the comparable period in 2009.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, our employee compensation and benefits expenses were $114.7 million, compared to $106.8 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase of $7.9 million, or 7%, principally results from the significant recruitment of Managing Directors during the last twelve months, including those who joined us as part of our Australian acquisition. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the ratio of compensation expense to revenues was 53% as compared to 46% for the same nine month period in 2009. The increase in the ratio of compensation to revenue as compared to the same period in the prior year results principally from the significant recruitment of Managing Directors during the last twelve months, including those who joined us as part of our Australian acquisition combined with some severance costs. While our generation of revenues is dependent upon both the scale and timing of financial advisory transactions as well as fair market values of our principal investments, particularly Iridium, and cannot be predicted, it is likely that we will end 2010 with a higher ratio of compensation to revenue than our historical rate of 46%. Our objective is to return to our historic ratio as and when our revenue per Managing Director returns toward its historic level.
Our compensation expense is generally based upon revenue and can fluctuate materially in any particular period depending upon the amount of revenue recognized as well as other factors. Accordingly, the amount of compensation expense recognized in any particular period may not be indicative of compensation expense in a future period.
Non-Compensation Expenses
Our non-compensation expenses include the costs for occupancy and equipment rental, communications, information services, professional fees, recruiting, travel and entertainment, insurance, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, interest expense and other operating expenses. Reimbursable client expenses are netted against non-compensation expenses.
Our non-compensation expenses were $15.9 million in the third quarter of 2010, compared to $11.8 million in the third quarter of 2009, reflecting an increase of $4.1 million, or 35%. The increase in non-compensation expenses includes costs from our recently acquired Australian business of approximately $2.1 million of which $0.8 million related to the amortization of acquired intangible assets. As compared to the third quarter of 2009, the remainder of the increase in costs principally resulted from higher occupancy, travel and other costs related to the increase in personnel and the addition and expansion of office space. Effective in the third quarter of 2010 our occupancy expense increased as we significantly expanded our office space in New York and Tokyo under attractive lease terms to accommodate our future growth.
For the first nine months of 2010, our non-compensation expenses were $44.4 million, compared to $34.5 million for the same period in 2009, reflecting an increase of $9.9 million, or 29%. The increase in non-compensation expenses includes costs from our Australian business of $4.2 million, including $1.5 million related to the amortization of intangible assets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010 we
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also experienced greater occupancy, travel, and other costs related to both the increase in personnel and the addition and expansion of our offices, as well as increased interest expense due to higher average borrowings outstanding as compared to the same period in 2009. We also incurred higher professional fees principally due to transaction costs for the Australian acquisition.
Non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenues in the three months ended September 30, 2010 were 19% compared to 10% for the same period in the prior year. This increase in non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in the prior year results from the increased costs referred to above spread over lower revenues in the third quarter of 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 were 21% compared to 15% for the same period in the prior year. The increase in non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 compared to the same period in the prior year reflects the higher expenses referred to above spread over slightly lower revenues.
The firm’s non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenue can vary as a result of a variety of factors including fluctuation in revenue amounts, the amount of recruiting and business development activity, the amount of office expansion, the amount of reimbursement of engagement-related expenses by clients, the amount of short-term borrowings, interest rate and currency movements and other factors. Accordingly, the non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenue in any particular period may not be indicative of the non-compensation expenses as a percentage of revenue in future periods.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for taxes in the third quarter of 2010 was $8.7 million, which reflects an effective tax rate on income allocated to common stockholders of 38%. This compares to a provision for taxes in the third quarter of 2009 of $21.3 million, which reflects an effective tax rate of 41%. The decrease in the provision for income taxes in the third quarter of 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009 relates to lower pre-tax income. The decrease in the effective tax rate resulted from an increase in the proportion of earnings from foreign sources, which are taxed at lower rates.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the provision for taxes was $20.4 million, which reflects an effective tax rate of 39%. This compares to a provision for taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 of $36.8 million, which reflects an effective tax rate of 40% for the period. The decrease in the provision for taxes is primarily due to lower pre-tax income. The decrease in the effective tax rate resulted from the realization of a greater proportion of earnings from foreign sources during the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
The effective tax rate can fluctuate as a result of variations in the relative amounts of financial advisory and investment income earned in the tax jurisdictions in which the firm operates and invests. Accordingly, the effective tax rate in any particular period may not be indicative of the effective tax rate in future periods.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity position is monitored by our Management Committee, which generally meets monthly. The Management Committee monitors cash, other significant working capital assets and liabilities, debt, principal investment commitments and other matters relating to liquidity requirements. As cash accumulates, it is invested in short-term investments expected to provide significant liquidity.
We generate cash from both our operating activities principally in the form of financial advisory fees and our merchant banking and other principal investments primarily in the form of distributions of investment proceeds. We use our cash primarily for operating purposes, compensation of our employees,
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payment of income taxes, investments in merchant banking funds, payment of dividends, repurchase of shares of our stock and leasehold improvements.
Because a portion of the compensation we pay to our employees is distributed in annual bonus awards in February of each year, our net cash balance is typically at its lowest level during the first quarter and generally accumulates from our operating activities throughout the remainder of the year. In general, we collect our accounts receivable within 60 days except for certain restructuring transactions, where collections may take longer due to court-ordered holdbacks, and fees generated through our private equity and real estate capital advisory services, which are generally paid in installments over a period of three years. Our liabilities typically consist of accounts payable, which are generally paid monthly, accrued compensation, which includes accrued cash bonuses that are generally paid in the first quarter of the following year to the large majority of our employees, and taxes payable. In February 2010, cash bonuses and accrued benefits of $30.5 million relating to 2009 compensation were paid to our employees.
Our liabilities may increase or decrease from period to period depending upon the change in the fair value of our investments in the merchant banking funds and other principal investments. To the extent we record unrealized gains (i.e. gains recorded on our books for which cash proceeds have not yet been received) from our principal investments, our accrued bonuses and deferred tax liabilities will increase. In the event such unrealized gains reverse, such as occurred in the current quarter, our accrued bonus liability and deferred tax liability will decrease.
After a transition period, which we expect will end December 31, 2010, we will exit from the business of managing the merchant banking funds and we will no longer earn management fee revenue or incur associated costs related to merchant banking business. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 we earned fees from the management of our merchant banking funds of $17.4 million, $19.2 million and $17.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010 we earned management fee revenue of $10.7 million.
The amount of management fees that we will earn during the transition period in 2010 will decline from prior years because the investment period for GCP II terminated in June 2010, resulting in a reduction in the amount of management fees payable by investors in GCP II. As a result of the termination of the commitment period, for the year ended December 31, 2010 we expect that we will recognize approximately $7.5 million of management fees related to GCP II. In aggregate from the merchant banking funds we expect we will recognize management fee revenue for the year ended December 31, 2010 of approximately $13.0 million. During the transition period GCP Capital has a preferred economic interest in the first $10 million of profits of GCP II LLC and accordingly, the excess of management fee revenue over the amount paid for compensation and other operating costs associated with the management of the funds that accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital will be distributed to it. Under the terms of the separation agreement compensation costs may be adjusted to ensure that management fee revenue from the existing funds exceeds all costs associated with the operation of such funds. Upon separation of the funds all management fee revenue derived from the existing funds will be paid directly to GCP Capital as the successor manager of the funds, and we will no longer bear the compensation costs and other associated costs of the funds.
Although we will no longer manage the merchant banking funds after a transition period, we will retain our existing principal investments in the merchant banking funds as well as our investment in Iridium. We will also retain our allocation of profit override for investments made prior to 2010. However, unless the funds realize significant gains it is not likely that the earnings of any of the funds will exceed their profit thresholds and therefore, we currently do not expect to recognize any profit override revenue in future periods.
At September 30, 2010 we had unfunded commitments to the existing merchant banking funds of approximately $31.9 million of which we expect up to $25.3 million will be drawn down in the next few years. We expect that approximately $1.5 million of the firm’s unfunded commitment to GCP II of $8.2
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million may be drawn down for follow-on investments through June 2012, the termination date of the fund’s extended commitment period, with the remaining commitment to be undrawn. Our unfunded commitments to GSAVP and GCP Europe were $4.0 million and £12.5 million ($19.7 million) as of September 30, 2010 and may be drawn on through September 2011 and December 2012, respectively. In connection with our separation from the merchant banking business we have agreed, subject to certain conditions, to commit up to $7.5 million to future funds managed by GCP Capital.
As a result of our decision to separate from the merchant banking business we intend to focus entirely on our advisory business. Over the next five years we plan to liquidate our existing merchant banking and other principal investments, which had an estimated fair market value of $171.6 million as of September 30, 2010. While we will continue to fund the remaining commitments to the existing merchant banking funds, we have substantially reduced our commitments to successor funds and do not expect to make other fund commitments.
Our merchant banking funds typically invest in privately held companies. The ability of our merchant banking funds to sell or dispose of the securities they own depends on a number of factors beyond the control of the funds, including general economic and sector conditions, stock market conditions, commodity prices, and the availability of financing to potential buyers of such securities, among other issues. As a result we consider our investments illiquid for the short term.
Our investments in Iridium, which represent approximately 12% of Iridium’s common stock, had a value of $83.7 million as of September 30, 2010. As of September 29, 2010 all contractual restrictions on the sale of our investments in Iridium lapsed. Our ability to sell all or a portion of our investments in Iridium is subject to factors such as general economic, sector and stock market conditions, and other factors, which we cannot control. However, it is our intention to monetize our position in a disciplined manner over time dependent on market conditions.
We generally use a portion of our cash reserves to repurchase shares of our common stock, pay dividends and make investments. In April 2010, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $100 million of our common stock through the period ending December 31, 2011. We expect to fund our repurchase of shares as we realize proceeds from our investments and/or generate operating cash flow as transaction activity further rebounds. Our remaining commitments to our merchant banking funds may require us to fund capital calls on short notice. We are unable to predict the timing or magnitude of share repurchase opportunities, capital calls or distribution of investment proceeds.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2010 the firm repurchased 181,550 shares of its common stock in open market purchases at an average price of $68.21. As of October 22, 2010 we had remaining authorization to repurchase up to $87.6 million. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the firm is deemed to have repurchased 312,870 shares of its common stock at an average price of $78.21 per share in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in respect of stock delivered to its employees in settlement of restricted stock units. Based upon the number of RSU grants outstanding we expect to fund repurchases of our common stock from our employees in conjunction with the cash settlement of tax liabilities incurred on vesting of restricted stock units of approximately $95.0 million (as calculated based upon current share price) over the next five years, of which approximately $27.0 million will be payable in 2011. We will realize a corporate income tax benefit of slightly less than the amount of such payments concurrently with the cash settlement payments.
Our acquisition of Caliburn was funded with the issuance of 1,099,874 shares of our common stock and 1,099,877 contingent convertible preferred shares. The contingent convertible preferred shares do not pay dividends and will convert to shares of the Company’s common stock in tranches of 659,926 shares and 439,951 shares on the third and fifth anniversary of the closing of the acquisition, respectively, if certain revenue targets are achieved. If the performance target for a tranche are not achieved the contingent convertible preferred shares in such tranche will be cancelled. In addition to the equity issued to the sellers, the selling shareholders and certain other non-founding partners received a post closing distribution of
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profits accrued prior to the acquisition date of approximately $6.9 million. In connection with the acquisition we assumed Caliburn’s deferred compensation plan and acquired a corresponding amount of both cash and equity mutual fund investments of approximately $11.3 million. The amount payable under such plan will be funded through the liquidation of the cash and equity mutual fund investments in the plan principally over the period 2010 to 2013.
To provide for working capital needs, facilitate the funding of merchant banking investments and other general corporate purposes we have a $75.0 million revolving bank loan facility. Borrowings under the facility are secured by all management fees earned by our domestic merchant banking funds, any cash distributed in respect of their partnership interests in Greenhill Capital Partners I, GCP II and GSAVP, as applicable, and cash distributions from Greenhill & Co. LLC, and is subject to a borrowing base limitation. Interest on borrowings is based on the higher of Prime Rate or 4.0%. The maturity date of the facility is April 30, 2011. Effective December 31, 2010, the commitment amount will be reduced to $60.0 million. In conjunction with our exit from the management of the merchant banking business, we will significantly reduce our commitments to successor merchant banking funds, which will reduce our borrowing needs. At October 22, 2010, we had $56.4 million of borrowings outstanding on the loan facility. The revolving loan facility has a prohibition on the incurrence of additional indebtedness without the prior approval of the lenders and requires that we comply with certain financial and liquidity covenants. At September 30, 2010, the firm was compliant with all loan covenants.
As of September 30, 2010 we had cash and cash equivalents on hand of $56.7 million, of which $35.4 million were held outside the U.S. We are currently subject to federal income tax on our domestic earnings and that portion of our foreign earnings which we repatriate. It has been our policy to retain approximately 50% of our foreign earnings within our foreign operating units to minimize our global tax burden and to fund our foreign investment needs. However, in the event our cash needs in the U.S. exceed our cash reserves and availability under the revolving loan facility, we may repatriate additional cash from our foreign operations, which could result in an incremental tax liability.
We evaluate our cash operating position on a regular basis in light of current market conditions. Our recurring monthly operating disbursements consist of base compensation expense and other operating expenses, which principally include rent and occupancy, information services, professional fees, travel and entertainment and other general expenses. Our recurring quarterly and annual disbursements consist of tax payments, dividend distributions, repurchases of our common stock from our employees in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities incurred on vesting of restricted stock units and cash bonus payments. These amounts vary depending upon our profitability and other factors. We incur non-recurring disbursements for our investments in our merchant banking funds and other principal payments, leasehold improvements and share repurchases. While we believe that the cash generated from operations and funds available from the revolving bank loan facility will be sufficient to meet our expected operating needs, commitments to our merchant banking activities, build-out costs of new office space, tax obligations, share repurchases and common dividends, we may adjust our variable expenses and non-recurring disbursements, if necessary, to meet our liquidity needs. In the event that our needs for liquidity should increase further as we expand our business, we may consider a range of financing alternatives to meet any such needs.
Cash Flows
In the first nine months of 2010, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $17.7 million from December 31, 2009. We generated $41.5 million in operating activities as we used $73.9 million generated from net income (after giving effect to the non-cash items) to fund a net decrease in working capital of $32.4 million (principally from the payments of year-end bonuses and an increase in accounts receivable). We used $11.5 million in investing activities, including $11.7 million in new investments in our merchant banking funds and other investments, $3.8 million for the build-out of new office space and $3.0 million for the payment of post closing distributions of accrued profits prior to the acquisition date to the founders of Caliburn, partially offset by distributions from investments of $7.1 million. We used $46.8 million for financing activities, including $24.5 million for the repurchase of our common stock from employees in
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conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in settlement of restricted stock units, $12.4 million in open market repurchases of our common stock, and $42.2 million for the payment of dividends, partially offset by $25.4 million of net borrowing from our revolving loan facility and $8.3 million of net tax benefits from the delivery of restricted stock units.
In the first nine months of 2009, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $4.3 million from December 31, 2008. We generated $39.6 million in operating activities as we used $18.9 million from net income (after giving effect to the non-cash items), including a net increase in working capital of $20.7 million (principally from the collection of financial advisory fees receivable and an increase in the amount of accrued compensation). We used $3.9 million in investing activities, including $6.6 million in new investments in our merchant banking funds and other investments and $2.8 million for the build-out of new office space, partially offset by distributions from investments of $5.5 million. We used $42.0 million for financing activities, including $8.9 million for the repurchase of our common stock from employees in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in settlement of restricted stock units and $41.7 million for the payment of dividends, partially offset by $7.1 million of net borrowing from our revolving loan facility.
Market Risk
We limit our investments to (1) short-term cash investments, which we believe do not face any material interest rate risk, equity price risk or other market risk and (2) principal investments made in GCP, GSAVP, GCP Europe, and other merchant banking funds, Iridium and other investments.
We maintain our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings. We may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured (FDIC) limits and in institutions in which deposits are not insured. However, management believes that the firm is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institution in which those deposits are held. We monitor the quality of these investments on a regular basis and may choose to diversify such investments to mitigate perceived market risk. Our short-term cash and cash investments are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, Australian dollars, Canadian dollars, pound sterling, euros and yen. We face modest foreign currency risk in our cash balances held in accounts outside the United States due to potential currency movements and the associated foreign currency translation accounting requirements. To the extent that the cash balances in local currency exceed our short-term obligations, we may hedge our foreign currency exposure.
With regard to our principal investments, we face exposure to changes in the estimated fair value of the companies in which we invest, which historically has been volatile. Significant changes in the public equity markets may have a material effect on our results of operations. Volatility in the general equity markets would impact our operations primarily because of changes in the fair value of our merchant banking or principal investments that are publicly traded securities. Volatility in the availability of credit would impact our operations primarily because of changes in the fair value of merchant banking or principal investments that rely upon a portion of leverage to operate. We have analyzed our potential exposure to general equity market risk by performing sensitivity analyses on those investments held by us and in our merchant banking funds which consist of publicly traded securities. This analysis showed that if we assume that at September 30, 2010, the market prices of all public securities, including Iridium, were 10% lower, the impact on our operations would be a decrease in revenues of $8.5 million. We meet on a quarterly basis to determine the fair value of the investments held in our merchant banking portfolio and to discuss the risks associated with those investments. The respective Investment Committees of the funds manage the risks associated with the merchant banking portfolio by closely monitoring and managing the types of investments made as well as the monetization and realization of existing investments.
In addition, the reported amounts of our revenues may be affected by movements in the rate of exchange between the euro, pound sterling, Canadian and Australian dollar and yen (in which collectively 38% of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 were denominated) and the dollar, in which our financial statements are denominated. We do not currently hedge against movements in these exchange rates. We analyzed our potential exposure to a decline in exchange rates by performing a sensitivity
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analysis on our net income. During the first nine months of 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009 the value of the dollar remained relatively constant to the pound sterling and the euro. If the value of the dollar had weakened or strengthened on a weighted average basis relative to the pound sterling and euro during the first nine months of 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009, our earnings in the first nine months of 2010 would have been higher or lower, as the case may be, than they would have been in the same period in the prior year. While our earnings are subject to volatility from foreign currency changes we do not believe we face any material risk in this respect.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We believe that the following discussion addresses Greenhill’s most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments.
Basis of Financial Information
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require management to make estimates and assumptions regarding future events that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and related footnotes, including investment valuations, compensation accruals and other matters. We believe that the estimates used in preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period information to conform to current period presentation.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the firm include all consolidated accounts of Greenhill & Co., Inc. and all other entities in which we have a controlling interest, including Greenhill & Co. International LLP, Greenhill & Co. Europe LLP, Greenhill Capital Partners Europe LLP and GCP II LLC, after elimination of all significant inter-company accounts and transactions. In accordance with the accounting pronouncements on the consolidation of variable interest entities, the firm consolidates the general partners of our merchant banking funds in which we have a majority of the economic interest. The general partners account for their investments in their merchant banking funds under the equity method of accounting. As such, the general partners record their proportionate shares of income (loss) from the underlying merchant banking funds. As the merchant banking funds follow investment company accounting, and generally record all their assets and liabilities at fair value, the general partners’ investment in merchant banking funds represents an estimation of fair value. The firm does not consolidate the merchant banking funds since the firm, through its general partner and limited partner interests, does not have a majority of the economic interest in such funds and the limited partners have certain rights to remove the general partner by a simple majority vote of unaffiliated third-party investors.
Noncontrolling Interests
The firm records the noncontrolling interests of other consolidated entities as equity in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Additionally, the condensed consolidated statements of income separately present income allocated to both noncontrolling interests and common stockholders.
The portion of the consolidated interests in the general partners of our merchant banking funds, which are held directly by employees of the firm, are presented as noncontrolling interests in equity. Additionally, the portion of the consolidated interests in GCP II LLC, which accrues to the benefit of GCP Capital, an entity not controlled by the firm, is presented as noncontrolling interest in equity.
Revenue Recognition
Financial Advisory Fees
We recognize financial advisory fee revenue for mergers and acquisitions or financing advisory and restructuring engagements when the services related to the underlying transactions are completed in accordance with the terms of the engagement letter. The firm recognizes fund placement capital advisory fees at the time of the client’s acceptance of capital or capital commitments in accordance with the terms of
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the engagement letter. Retainer fees are recognized as financial advisory fee revenue over the period in which the related service is rendered.
Our clients reimburse certain expenses incurred by us in the conduct of financial advisory engagements. Expenses are reported net of such client reimbursements.
Merchant Banking and Other Investment Revenues
Merchant banking revenues consists of (i) management fees on our merchant banking activities, (ii) gains (or losses) on investments in our merchant banking funds and other principal investment activities and, if any, (iii) merchant banking profit overrides.
Management fees earned from the firm’s merchant banking activities are recognized over the period of related service.
We recognize revenue on the firm’s investments in merchant banking funds based on its allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds. Investments held by merchant banking funds and certain other investments are recorded at estimated fair value. The value of merchant banking fund investments in privately held companies is determined by the general partner of the fund after giving consideration to the cost of the security, the pricing of other sales of securities by the portfolio company, the price of securities of other companies comparable to the portfolio company, purchase multiples paid in other comparable third-party transactions, the original purchase price multiple, market conditions, liquidity, operating results and other qualitative and quantitative factors. Discounts may be applied to the funds’ privately held investments to reflect the lack of liquidity and other transfer restrictions. Investments in publicly traded securities are valued using quoted market prices discounted for any legal or contractual restrictions on sale. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuations as well as the discounts applied, the estimated fair values of investments in privately held companies may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed. The values at which our investments are carried on its condensed consolidated statements of financial condition are adjusted to estimated fair value at the end of each quarter and the volatility in general economic conditions, stock markets and commodity prices may result in significant changes in the estimated fair value of the investments from period to period.
When certain financial returns are achieved over the life of the fund, we recognize merchant banking profit overrides. Profit overrides are generally calculated as a percentage of the profits over a specified threshold earned by each fund on investments managed on behalf of unaffiliated investors except the firm. When applicable, the profit overrides earned by the firm are recognized on an accrual basis throughout the year. In accordance with the guidance for accounting for formula-based fees, the firm records as revenue the amount that would be due pursuant to the fund agreements at each period end as if the fund agreements were terminated at that date. Overrides are generally calculated on a deal-by-deal basis but are subject to investment performance over the life of each merchant banking fund. We may be required to repay a portion of the overrides paid to the limited partners of the funds in the event a minimum performance level is not achieved by the fund as a whole (we refer to these potential repayments as “clawbacks”). We would be required to establish a reserve for potential clawbacks if we were to determine that the likelihood of a clawback is probable and the amount of the clawback can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2010, we believe it is more likely than not that the amount of profit overrides recognized as revenue will be realized and accordingly, we have not reserved for any clawback obligations under applicable fund agreements.
Investments
The firm’s investments in its merchant banking funds are recorded under the equity method of accounting based upon the firm’s proportionate share of the fair value of the underlying merchant banking fund’s net assets. The firm’s other investments, which consider the firm’s influence or control of the investee, are recorded at estimated fair value or under the equity method of accounting based, in part, upon the firm’s proportionate share of the investee’s net assets.
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Restricted Stock Units
The firm accounts for its share-based compensation payments under which the fair value of restricted stock units granted to employees with future service requirements is recorded as compensation expense and generally amortized over a five-year service period following the date of grant. Compensation expense is determined at the date of grant. As the firm expenses the awards, the restricted stock units recognized are recorded within equity. The restricted stock units are reclassed into common stock and additional paid-in capital upon vesting. The firm records dividend equivalent payments, net of estimated forfeitures, on outstanding restricted stock units as a dividend payment and a charge to equity.
Earnings per Share
The firm calculates earnings per share (“EPS”) by dividing net income allocated to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS plus the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable pursuant to restricted stock units for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock.
Under the treasury method, the number of shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share is the excess, if any, of the number of shares expected to be issued, less the number of shares that could be purchased by the firm with the proceeds to be received upon settlement at the average market closing price during the reporting period. The denominator for basic EPS includes the number of shares deemed issuable due to the vesting of restricted stock units for accounting purposes.
Effective on January 1, 2009, the firm adopted the accounting guidance for determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities. Under that guidance, the firm evaluated whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and therefore need to be included in the earnings allocation in calculating EPS. Additionally, the two-class method requires unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividend or dividend equivalents to be treated as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material effect in calculating earnings per share.
Goodwill
Goodwill is the cost in excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets at acquisition date. The firm tests its goodwill for impairment at least annually. An impairment loss is triggered if the estimated fair value of an operating unit is less than estimated net book value. Such loss is calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and its carrying value.
Goodwill is translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of the periods presented in accordance with the accounting guidance for foreign currency translation. Any translation gain or loss is included in the foreign currency translation adjustment included as a component of other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity.
Provision for Taxes
The firm accounts for taxes in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), “Income Taxes (Topic 740)”, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expenses on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of its assets and liabilities.
The firm follows the guidelines, pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 740-10, in recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in its financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on its income tax returns. Income tax expense is based on pre-tax accounting income, including adjustments made for the recognition or derecognition related to uncertain tax positions. The recognition or derecognition of income tax expense related to uncertain tax positions is determined under the guidance as prescribed by FASB ASC Topic 740-10. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
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attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period of change. Management applies the “more-likely-than-not criteria” included in FASB ASC Topic 740-10 when determining tax benefits.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The firm holds its cash on deposit with financial institutions. The firm considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the carrying value of the firm’s cash equivalents approximated fair value. Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds and overnight deposits.
The firm maintains its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings. The firm maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured (FDIC) limits and in institutions in which deposits are not insured. However, management believes that the firm is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institution in which those deposits are held.
Financial Instruments and Fair Value
The firm accounts for financial instruments measured at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. FASB ASC Topic 820 provides for a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the pronouncement are described below:
Basis of Fair Value Measurement
Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 — Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. In determining the appropriate levels, the firm performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to FASB ASC Topic 820. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs or instruments which trade infrequently and therefore have little or no price transparency are classified as Level 3.
Derivative Instruments
The firm accounts for warrants under the guidance for accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities. In accordance with that guidance, the firm records warrants at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition with changes in estimated fair value during the period recorded in merchant banking and other investment revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
Accounting Developments
In June 2009, the FASB issued an amendment to the accounting and disclosure requirements for the consolidation of variable interest entities. The guidance affects the overall consolidation analysis and requires enhanced disclosures on involvement with variable interest entities. The guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009; however, in January 2010, the FASB confirmed its
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decision to defer the effective date of this guidance for certain reporting enterprises in the asset management industry, including mutual funds, hedge funds, mortgage real estate investment funds, private equity funds and venture capital funds. The deferral is applicable to the firm and will apply until the completion of a joint project between the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) on consolidation accounting, which is expected to be completed in 2010. Accordingly, the deferral resulted in no changes to the firm’s financial reporting. The firm will assess the impact of the joint project when completed.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We do not believe we face any material interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk, equity price risk or other market risk. See “Item 2. Market Risk” above for a discussion of market risks.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of the firm’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the firm’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
No change in the firm’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) occurred during the period covered by this report that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the firm’s internal control over financial reporting.
45
Part II — Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, in the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in lawsuits, claims, audits, investigations and employment disputes, the outcome of which, in the opinion of the firm’s management, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
Item 1A: Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Share repurchases in the third quarter of 2010:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Total Number of | | Approximate |
| | | | | | | | | | Shares Purchased | | Dollar Value of |
| | | | | | | | | | as Part of | | Shares that May |
| | Total Number of | | | | | | Publicly | | Yet Be Purchased |
| | Shares | | Average Price | | Announced Plans | | under the Plans |
Period | | Repurchased1 | | Paid Per Share | | or Programs | | or Programs2 |
July 1 – July 31 | | | 139,550 | | | $ | 69.17 | | | | 139,550 | | | $ | 87,615,897 | |
August 1 – August 31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | $ | 87,615,897 | |
September 1 – September 30 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | $ | 87,615,897 | |
| | |
1 | | Excludes 29,241 shares the firm is deemed to have repurchased during the three months ended September 30, 2010 at $70.15 from employees in conjunction with the payment of tax liabilities in respect of stock delivered to employees in settlement of restricted stock units. |
|
2 | | Effective April 22, 2010, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $100,000,000 of its common stock through December 31, 2011. |
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Removed and Reserved
Item 5. Other Information
None.
46
Item 6. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
2.1 | | Reorganization Agreement and Plan of Merger of Greenhill & Co. Holdings, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
3.1 | | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2007). |
| | |
3.2 | | Amended and Restated By-Laws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on May 5, 2004). |
| | |
3.3 | | Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series A-1 Contingent Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2010). |
| | |
3.4 | | Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series A-2 Contingent Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2010). |
| | |
4.1 | | Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.1 | | Form of Greenhill & Co, Inc. Transfer Rights Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.2 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Employment, Non-Competition and Pledge Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
| | |
10.4 | | Form of U.K. Non-Competition and Pledge Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
| | |
10.5 | | Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
| | |
10.6 | | Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.7 | | Tax Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
47
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
10.8 | | Loan Agreement (Line of Credit) dated as of December 31, 2003 between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co. Holdings, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
| | |
10.9 | | Security Agreement dated as of December 31, 2003 between Greenhill Fund Management Co., LLC and First Republic Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 20, 2004). |
| | |
10.10 | | Agreement for Lease dated February 18, 2000 between TST 300 Park, L.P. and Greenhill & Co., LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.11 | | First Amendment of Lease dated June 15, 2000 between TST 300 Park, L.P. and Greenhill & Co., LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.12 | | Agreement for Lease dated April 21, 2000 between TST 300 Park, L.P. and McCarter & English, LLP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.13 | | Assignment and Assumption of Lease dated October 3, 2003 between McCarter & English, LLP and Greenhill & Co., LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.14 | | Sublease Agreement dated January 1, 2004 between Greenhill Aviation Co., LLC and Riversville Aircraft Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.15 | | Agreement of Limited Partnership of GCP, L.P. dated as of June 29, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.16 | | GCP, LLC Limited Liability Company Agreement dated as of June 27, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.17 | | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Greenhill Capital, L.P., dated as of June 30, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.18 | | Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Greenhill Capital, L.P. dated as of May 31, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.19 | | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GCP Managing Partner, L.P. dated as of May 31, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
48
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
10.20 | | Form of Assignment and Subscription Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-113526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.21 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Notification — Five Year Ratable Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.22 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Notification — Five Year Cliff Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.23 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Notification — Five Year Ratable Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-112526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.24 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Notification — Five Year Cliff Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-112526) filed on April 30, 2004). |
| | |
10.25 | | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Greenhill Capital Partners (Employees) II, L.P. dated as of March 31, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of the Registrant’s report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2005). |
| | |
10.26 | | Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GCP Managing Partner II, L.P. dated as of March 31, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2005). |
| | |
10.27 | | Form of Agreement for Sublease by and between Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale & Dorr LLP and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2005). |
| | |
10.28 | | Form of Greenhill & Co., Inc. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Notification — Five Year Ratable Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2005). |
| | |
10.29 | | Form of Senior Advisor Employment and Non-Competition Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2005). |
| | |
10.30 | | Form of Agreement for the Sale of the 7th Floor, Lansdowne House, Berkeley Square, London, among Pillar Property Group Limited, Greenhill & Co. International LLP, Greenhill & Co., Inc. and Union Property Holdings (London) Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005). |
49
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
10.31 | | Loan Agreement dated as of January 31, 2006 by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005). |
| | |
10.32 | | Form of Agreement of Limited Partnership of GSAV (Associates), L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2006). |
| | |
10.33 | | Form of Agreement of Limited Partnership of GSAV GP, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2006). |
| | |
10.34 | | Form of First Modification Agreement by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006). |
| | |
10.35 | | Form of Second Modification Agreement by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007). |
| | |
10.36 | | Form of Third Modification Agreement by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2007). |
| | |
10.37 | | Form of Third-Party Security Agreement (Management and Advisory Fees) by and between Greenhill Capital Partners, LLC and First Republic Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2007). |
| | |
10.38 | | Form of Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement for Greenhill Capital Partners Europe (Employees), L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2007). |
| | |
10.39 | | Form of Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement for GCP Europe General Partnership L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2007). |
| | |
10.40 | | Form of Fourth Modification Agreement by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007). |
| | |
10.41 | | Form of Third-Party Security Agreement (Management and Advisory Fees) by and between Greenhill Venture Partners, LLC and First Republic Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007). |
50
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
10.42 | | Form of Reaffirmation of and Amendment to Form of Third-Party Security Agreement (Management and Advisory Fees) by and between Greenhill Capital Partners, LLC and First Republic Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007). |
| | |
10.43 | | Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending March 31, 2008). |
| | |
10.44 | | Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2009). |
| | |
10.45 | | Form of Greenhill & Co. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Notification (MDs) — Five Year Ratable Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2009). |
| | |
10.46 | | Form of Greenhill & Co. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Notification (MDs) — Five Year Cliff Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2009). |
| | |
10.47 | | Form of Greenhill & Co. Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Notification (non-MDs) — Five Year Ratable Vesting (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2009). |
| | |
10.48 | | Lease between 300 Park Avenue, Inc. and Greenhill & Co., Inc. dated June 17, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s report on Form 8-K filed on June 22, 2009). |
| | |
10.49 | | Memorandum of Agreement dated as of October 28, 2009 among Registrant, Robert H. Niehaus and V. Frank Pottow (incorporated by reference to Registrant’s report on Form 8-K filed on October 29, 2009). |
| | |
10.50 | | Transaction Agreement dated as of December 22, 2009 among Registrant, certain of its subsidiaries, Robert H. Niehaus and V. Frank Pottow (incorporated by reference to Registrant’s report on Form 8-K filed on December 22, 2009). |
| | |
10.51 | | Share Sale Agreement dated March 16, 2010 among Greenhill & Co., Inc., Caergwrle Investments Pty Ltd, Mordant Investments Pty Ltd, Baliac Pty Ltd, Peter Hunt, Simon Mordant and Ron Malek (incorporated by reference as Exhibit 2.1 to Registrants’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2010). |
| | |
10.52 | | Form of Seventh Modification Agreement by and between First Republic Bank and Greenhill & Co., Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2010) |
| | |
10.53 | | Form of Security Agreement (LLC Distribution) by and between Greenhill & Co., Inc. and First Republic Bank. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2010) |
51
| | |
Exhibit | | |
Number | | Description |
31.1* | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
31.2* | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
32.1* | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
32.2* | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | |
Date: October 28, 2010
|
| GREENHILL & CO., INC. | |
| By: | /s/ SCOTT L. BOK | |
| | Name: | Scott L. Bok | |
| | Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
|
| | |
| By: | /s/ RICHARD J. LIEB | |
| | Name: | Richard J. Lieb | |
| | Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
S-1