DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 28, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Description of Business | Description of Business |
Domino’s Pizza, Inc. (“DPI”), a Delaware corporation, conducts its operations and derives substantially all of its operating income and cash flows through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Domino’s, Inc. (Domino’s) and Domino’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Domino’s Pizza LLC (“DPLLC”). DPI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, “the Company”) are primarily engaged in the following business activities: (i) retail sales of food through Company-owned Domino’s Pizza stores; (ii) sales of food, equipment and supplies to Company-owned and franchised Domino’s Pizza stores through Company-owned supply chain centers; and (iii) receipt of royalties and fees from domestic and international Domino’s Pizza franchisees. |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DPI and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. |
Fiscal Year | Fiscal Year |
The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. The 2014 fiscal year ended on December 28, 2014, the 2013 fiscal year ended on December 29, 2013 and the 2012 fiscal year ended on December 30, 2012. The 2014, 2013 and 2012 fiscal years each consisted of fifty-two weeks. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. These investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Restricted cash at December 28, 2014 includes $56.2 million of cash held for future principal and interest payments, $20.8 million of cash held in a three month interest reserve, $43.9 million of cash held as collateral for outstanding letters of credit and $0.1 million of other restricted cash. |
Restricted cash at December 29, 2013 included $51.3 million of cash held for future principal and interest payments, $21.0 million of cash held in a three month interest reserve, $42.0 million of cash held as collateral for outstanding letters of credit, $11.1 million of cash related to the Company’s third quarter 2013 dividend payment to shareholders and $0.1 million of other restricted cash. |
Inventories | Inventories |
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. Inventories at December 28, 2014 and December 29, 2013 are comprised of the following (in thousands): |
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| | 2014 | | | 2013 | |
Food | | $ | 31,627 | | | $ | 25,673 | |
Equipment and supplies | | | 6,317 | | | | 4,648 | |
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Inventories | | $ | 37,944 | | | $ | 30,321 | |
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Notes Receivable | Notes Receivable |
During the normal course of business, the Company may provide financing to franchisees in the form of notes. Notes receivable generally require monthly payments of principal and interest, or monthly payments of interest only, generally ranging from 8% to 10%, with balloon payments of the remaining principal due two to seven years from the original issuance date. Such notes are generally secured by the related assets or business. The carrying amounts of these notes approximate fair value. |
Other Assets | Other Assets |
Current and long-term other assets primarily include prepaid expenses such as insurance, rent and taxes, deposits, as well as covenants not-to-compete and other intangible assets primarily arising from franchise acquisitions. Amortization expense related to intangible assets is provided using the straight-line method over the useful lives for covenants not-to-compete and other intangible assets and was approximately $0.1 million in 2014 and approximately $0.3 million in 2013 and 2012. As of December 28, 2014, these intangible assets were fully amortized. As of December 29, 2013, the carrying value of these intangible assets was approximately $0.1 million. |
Asset Held for Sale | Asset Held-for-Sale |
During the third quarter of 2014, the Board of Directors approved the sale of the existing corporate airplane, which the Company began actively marketing in the fourth quarter of 2014. As a result of these actions, the Company met held-for-sale criteria and classified the asset as held for sale. Subsequent to year end, the Company sold the asset for approximately $5.7 million. |
Property, Plant and Equipment | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Additions to property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization expense is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Estimated useful lives, other than the estimated useful life of the capital lease assets as described below, are generally as follows (in years): |
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Buildings | | 20 | | | | | | |
Leasehold and other improvements | | 7 – 15 | | | | | | |
Equipment | | 3 – 15 | | | | | | |
Included in land and buildings as of December 28, 2014 and December 29, 2013 are capital lease assets of approximately $1.5 million and $1.9 million, which are net of $5.9 million and $5.5 million of accumulated amortization, respectively, primarily related to the lease of a supply chain center building, and to a lesser extent, leases of computer equipment. The capital lease assets are being amortized using the straight-line method over the lease terms. |
Depreciation and amortization expense on property, plant and equipment was approximately $28.4 million, $20.5 million and $19.5 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Impairments of Long-Lived Assets | Impairments of Long-Lived Assets |
The Company evaluates the potential impairment of long-lived assets at least annually based on various analyses including the projection of undiscounted cash flows and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. For Company-owned stores, the Company performs this evaluation on an operating market basis, which the Company has determined to be the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of other cash flows. If the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds the amount of the expected future undiscounted cash flows of that asset, the Company estimates the fair value of the assets. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized and the asset is written down to its estimated fair value. |
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During the fourth quarter of 2014, in connection with meeting held-for-sale criteria for its corporate airplane, the Company recorded $5.8 million of pre-tax expense to reduce the asset to its fair value less cost to sell. This impairment loss was recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of income. Aside from the impairment loss on the corporate airplane in 2014, the Company did not record an impairment loss on long-lived assets in 2014, 2013 or 2012. |
Investments in Marketable Securities | Investments in Marketable Securities |
Investments in marketable securities consist of investments in various mutual funds made by eligible individuals as part of the Company’s deferred compensation plan (Note 7). These investments are stated at aggregate fair value, are restricted and have been placed in a rabbi trust whereby the amounts are irrevocably set aside to fund the Company’s obligations under the deferred compensation plan. The Company classifies and accounts for these investments in marketable securities as trading securities. |
Deferred Financing Costs | Deferred Financing Costs |
Deferred financing costs primarily include debt issuance costs incurred by the Company as part of the 2012 Recapitalization (Note 4). Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over the expected term of the respective debt instrument to which the costs relate and is included in interest expense. |
In connection with the 2012 Recapitalization, the Company recorded an additional $32.5 million of deferred financing costs as an asset during fiscal 2012. This amount, in addition to the $7.4 million recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at January 1, 2012, is being amortized into interest expense over the seven-year expected term of the debt. Additionally, in connection with the 2012 Recapitalization, the Company had write-offs of financing costs totaling approximately $8.0 million related to the extinguishment of the previous debt facility. |
In connection with scheduled principal payments of its Fixed Rate Notes (Note 4), the Company expensed financing costs of approximately $0.2 million in 2014, $0.5 million in 2013 and $0.4 million in 2012. Deferred financing cost expense, including the aforementioned amounts, was approximately $5.7 million, $6.1 million and $13.8 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Goodwill | Goodwill |
The Company’s goodwill amounts primarily relate to franchise store acquisitions and are not amortized. The Company performs its required impairment tests in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in 2014, 2013 or 2012. |
Capitalized Software | Capitalized Software |
Capitalized software is recorded at cost and includes purchased, internally-developed and externally-developed software used in the Company’s operations. Amortization expense is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the software, which range from one to three years. Capitalized software amortization expense was approximately $7.3 million, $5.0 million and $3.3 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company received $3.4 million, $3.0 million and $2.7 million from franchisees from sales and enhancements of internally developed point-of-sale software during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Insurance Reserves | Insurance Reserves |
The Company has retention programs for workers’ compensation, general liability and owned and non-owned automobile liabilities for certain periods prior to December 1998 and for periods after December 2001. The Company is generally responsible for up to $1.0 million per occurrence under these retention programs for workers’ compensation and general liability exposures. The Company is also generally responsible for between $500,000 and $3.0 million per occurrence under these retention programs for owned and non-owned automobile liabilities depending on the year. Total insurance limits under these retention programs vary depending on the year covered and range up to $110.0 million per occurrence for general liability and owned and non-owned automobile liabilities and up to the applicable statutory limits for workers’ compensation. |
Insurance reserves relating to our retention programs are based on undiscounted actuarial estimates. These estimates are based on historical information and on certain assumptions about future events. Changes in assumptions for such factors as medical costs and legal actions, as well as changes in actual experience, could cause these estimates to change in the near term. The Company receives estimates of outstanding insurance exposures from its independent actuary and differences between these estimated actuarial exposures and the Company’s recorded amounts are adjusted as appropriate. |
Other Accrued Liabilities | Other Accrued Liabilities |
Current and long-term other accrued liabilities primarily include accruals for sales, property and other taxes, store operating expenses, deferred rent expense and deferred compensation liabilities. |
Foreign Currency Translation | Foreign Currency Translation |
The Company’s foreign entities use their local currency as the functional currency. Where the functional currency is the local currency, the Company translates net assets into U.S. dollars at year end exchange rates, while income and expense accounts are translated at average annual exchange rates. Currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in determining net income. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition |
Domestic Company-owned stores revenues are comprised of retail sales of food through Company-owned Domino’s Pizza stores located in the contiguous United States and are recognized when the items are delivered to or carried out by customers. |
Domestic franchise revenues are primarily comprised of royalties and fees from Domino’s Pizza franchisees with operations in the contiguous United States. Royalty revenues are recognized when the items are delivered to or carried out by franchise customers. |
Supply chain revenues are primarily comprised of sales of food, equipment and supplies to franchised Domino’s Pizza stores located in the United States and Canada. Revenues from the sales of food are recognized upon delivery of the food to franchisees, while revenues from the sales of equipment and supplies are generally recognized upon shipment of the related products to franchisees. |
International franchise revenues are primarily comprised of royalties and fees from Domino’s Pizza franchisees outside the contiguous United States. These revenues are recognized consistently with the policies applied for franchise revenues generated in the contiguous United States. |
Supply Chain Profit-Sharing Arrangements | Supply Chain Profit-Sharing Arrangements |
The Company enters into profit-sharing arrangements with domestic and Canadian stores that purchase all of their food from Supply Chain (Note 11). These profit-sharing arrangements generally offer Company-owned stores and participating franchisees with 50% (or a higher percentage in the case of Company-owned stores and certain franchisees who operate a larger number of stores) of their regional supply chain center’s pre-tax profits based upon each store’s purchases from the supply chain center. Profit-sharing obligations are recorded as a revenue reduction in Supply Chain in the same period as the related revenues and costs are recorded, and were $75.7 million, $73.9 million and $69.4 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Advertising | Advertising |
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense, which relates primarily to Company-owned stores, was approximately $29.0 million, $29.6 million and $27.6 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Domestic Stores (Note 11) are required to contribute a certain percentage of sales to the Domino’s National Advertising Fund Inc. (DNAF), a not-for-profit subsidiary that administers the Domino’s Pizza system’s national and market level advertising activities. Included in advertising expense were national advertising contributions from Company-owned stores to DNAF of approximately $20.9 million, $20.1 million and $17.8 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. DNAF also received national advertising contributions from franchisees of approximately $217.7 million, $199.4 million and $173.6 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Franchisee contributions to DNAF and offsetting disbursements are presented net in the accompanying statements of income. |
DNAF assets, consisting primarily of cash received from franchisees and accounts receivable from franchisees, can only be used for activities that promote the Domino’s Pizza® brand. Accordingly, all assets held by the DNAF are considered restricted. |
Rent | Rent |
The Company leases certain equipment, vehicles, retail store and supply chain center locations and its corporate headquarters under operating leases with expiration dates through 2024. Rent expenses totaled approximately $43.0 million, $40.2 million and $39.7 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Common Stock Dividends | Common Stock Dividends |
During 2014, the Company declared dividends of approximately $55.3 million, or $1.00 per share, of which approximately $41.7 million were paid in 2014. The third quarter 2014 dividend of approximately $13.8 million was paid to shareholders on December 30, 2014, which will be included in fiscal 2015. |
During 2013, the Company declared dividends of approximately $44.2 million, or $0.80 per share, of which approximately $34.2 million were paid in 2013. The third quarter 2013 dividend of approximately $11.1 million was paid to shareholders on December 30, 2013, which was included in fiscal 2014. |
During 2012, the Company declared dividends and dividend equivalents totaling approximately $187.0 million, or $3.00 per share, of which approximately $185.5 million were paid in 2012. |
Derivative Instruments | Derivative Instruments |
The Company recognizes all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet and measures those instruments at fair value. The Company had no outstanding derivative instruments as of December 28, 2014 and December 29, 2013. |
In connection with its recapitalization in 2007 (the “2007 Recapitalization”), the Company entered into a five-year forward-starting interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $1.25 billion. This interest rate swap was entered into to hedge the variability of future interest rates in contemplation of the recapitalization-related debt issuances. The Company subsequently settled the swap agreement with a cash payment of $11.5 million, in accordance with its terms, concurrent with the issuance of debt as part of the 2007 Recapitalization. In connection with this settlement, the accumulated other comprehensive loss amount was adjusted for the after-tax net settlement amount of $7.1 million which was being amortized into interest expense over the term of the hedged item. As part of the 2012 Recapitalization, the remaining amount of this swap settlement that was included in accumulated other comprehensive loss was recorded into interest expense. |
Stock Options and Other Equity-Based Compensation Arrangements | Stock Options and Other Equity-Based Compensation Arrangements |
The cost of all of the Company’s stock options, as well as other equity-based compensation arrangements, is reflected in the financial statements based on the estimated fair value of the awards. |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share |
The Company discloses two calculations of earnings per share (EPS): basic EPS and diluted EPS. The numerator in calculating common stock basic and diluted EPS is consolidated net income. The denominator in calculating common stock basic EPS is the weighted average shares outstanding. The denominator in calculating common stock diluted EPS includes the additional dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock and unvested performance-based restricted stock grants. |
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information | Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information |
The Company paid interest of approximately $81.1 million, $82.9 million and $87.3 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Cash paid for income taxes was approximately $76.5 million, $62.8 million and $46.1 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In 2014, the Company had $1.7 million of non-cash investing activities related to accruals for capital expenditures. |
New Accounting Pronouncements | New Accounting Pronouncements |
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This guidance outlines a single, comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance issued by the FASB, including industry specific guidance. The guidance is effective for the Company for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2017, and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company is evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. |
The accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |