Washington, D.C. 20549
300 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 1220
The enclosed Information Statement is being furnished to you to inform you that the foregoing consent action have been approved by the holders of or persons able to direct the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock. The Board is not soliciting your proxy in connection with the stockholder consent actions and proxies are not requested from stockholders. The stockholder consent actions will not become effective before a date which is 20 days after this Information Statement is first mailed to our stockholders (the “Effective Date”). You are urged to read the Information Statement in its entirety for a description of the action taken by a majority of our stockholders.
300 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 1220
IS REQUIRED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INFORMATION STATEMENT.
This Information Statement is being furnished on the Release Date to the holders of record of South Texas Oil Company of the Company’s common stock as of the close of business on March 10, 2009.
The Board of Directors of South Texas Oil Company has approved and three stockholders holding an aggregate of 9,949,725 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of March 5, 2009, representing that number of votes, have consented in writing to the actions described below. Such approval and consent constitute the approval and consent of a majority of the total number of shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock and is sufficient under the Nevada Revised Statutes, the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, as amended, to approve the actions. Accordingly, the actions will not be submitted to the other stockholders of South Texas Oil Company for a vote, and this Information Statement is being furnished to such other stockholders to provide them with certain information concerning the actions in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act, including Regulation 14C.
The close of business on March 10, 2009, has been established by the Board of Directors as the Record Date for the determination of stockholders entitled to this Information Statement and this notice of the Written Consents from certain of our major stockholders with respect to (i) our issuance of preferred stock in exchange for the cancellation of secured debt and (ii) the amendment to out Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of our authorized shares of common stock.
You may obtain a copy of the current rules for submitting stockholder proposals from the SEC at:
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, N.E.
or through the Commission’s Internet web site: www.sec.gov. Request SEC Release No. 34-40018, May 21, 1998.
Pursuant to the South Texas Oil Company’s Bylaws and the Nevada Revised statutes, a vote by the holders of at least a majority of the Company’s outstanding capital stock is required to effect the action described herein. The Company’s Articles of Incorporation do not authorize cumulative voting. As of the Record Date, the Company’s had 16,788,862 voting shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The voting power representing not less than 8,386,431 shares of our common stock is required to pass any stockholder resolutions. The consenting stockholders, who consist of three stockholders of South Texas Oil Company, are collectively the record and beneficial owners of 9,949,725 shares of common stock, which represents 59.36% of the issued and outstanding shares of the South Texas Oil Company’s common stock. Pursuant to Nevada Revised statutes, the consenting stockholders voted in favor of the actions described herein in a Stockholder Consent, dated March 5, 2009. The consenting stockholders’ names, affiliation with the Company, and beneficial holdings are as follows:
None.
The following table sets forth certain information as of March 10, 2009, as to shares of our common stock beneficially owned by: (i) each person who is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our common stock, (ii) each of our current named executive officers, (iii) each of our directors and (iv) all our directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise stated below, the address of each beneficial owner listed on the table is c/o South Texas Oil Company, 300 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 1220, San Antonio, Texas 78258. The percentage of common stock beneficially owned is based on 16,788,862 shares outstanding as of March 10, 2009.
To the knowledge of management, there are no present arrangements or pledges of securities of the Company which may result in a change in control of the Company.
The following actions were taken based upon the unanimous recommendation of the Board of Directors of South Texas Oil Company Board and the written consent of the consenting stockholders:
On Friday, February 20, 2009, the Company entered into definitive agreements with Longview to restructure $26.1 million of the Company’s secured debt, represented by secured Notes, plus accrued interest. The debt restructuring includes
The Securities Exchange Agreement provides for the payment of $16.3 million, plus accrued interest, payable under the Notes by the Company’s issuance of its approximately 1.6 million shares (plus such additional shares as may result from accrued interest) of Preferred Stock to Longview, which is convertible into the Company’s common stock. The Preferred Stock will be issued in exchange for the discharge and release of the Notes in the amount of $16.3 million, plus accrued interest. The Security Exchange Agreement does not include or affect the perpetual overriding royalty interests in the oil and gas production of the Company’s properties or the mortgages or security interests granted by the Company to secure the payment of the overriding royalty interests.
On April 1, 2008, the Company and Longview entered into a securities purchase agreement, as amended by the June 2008 Amendment Agreement, and as otherwise be amended, supplemented, restated or modified and in effect from time to time, pursuant to which Longview purchased from the Company, among other things, secured Notes, each bearing 12.5% annual interest payable quarterly to Longview. In June and September 2008, the Company and Longview agreed to capitalize the quarterly payment of interest under the Notes until their maturity in September 2009.
The Company and its Subsidiaries also granted to Longview perpetual overriding royalty interests in the oil and gas production of the Company’s properties, and the Company granted security and pledge agreements that provided Longview with first priority security interests in substantially all of the Company’s assets. In addition, the Company agreed to grant to Longview certain mortgages in the Company’s oil and gas producing properties.
The Preferred Stock is perpetual and has a stated value of $10.00 per share, has no coupon rate or mandatory dividends, and has no voting rights.
The shares of Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of common stock at any time subsequent to 90 days after the issuance of the shares at a conversion price of $0.50 per share of common stock.
The conversion of the Preferred Stock is subject to a 9.99% limitation on Longview’s ownership of the Company’s common stock at one time..
The holders of the Preferred Stock has been granted registration rights for the resale of the common stock underlying the Preferred Stock. The registration rights are subject to certain limitations which may be imposed by Commission rules with respect to the number of common stock shares that can be included in any one registration statement,
The issuance of Preferred Stock is subject to shareholder approval of the Debt/Equity Exchange Transaction, and the closing of the Securities Exchange Agreement will take place upon the effectiveness of such approval, which will occur on the twenty first day following the first mailing of this Information Statement to the Company’s stockholders.
The exchange transaction will result in the reduction of the Company’s current secured debt from approximately $42.1 million to approximately $16.0 million.
The Company will have increased available cash for operations by reduction of debt service of approximately $8,800 per day (or approximately $3.2 million per year) associated with the reduction of debt as a result of the proposed exchange. There are currently no arrears in principal or interest in respect to the Notes.
The Company will have a significant improvement of its balance sheet and total stockholders’ equity, which will result in a greater ability to attract future financing to support strategic growth.
Upon full conversion of the Preferred Stock, our issued and outstanding common shares will increase by approximately 193%.
The per common share conversion price for the preferred has been fixed at $0.50 at a time when our common stock was trading at $0.37, representing an approximate 35% premium.
The anticipated increase in total stockholders’ equity and the conversion price premium will result in an anti-dilutive net effect to holders of our common stock.
The rights of holders of our common stock, pre conversion, will be subordinate to the preferred stock with respect to dividends and liquidation events.
The newly designated Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock. The existing Notes are not convertible into the common stock of the Company.
The common stock underlying the Preferred Stock will be listed on NASDAQ upon conversion; neither the debt represented by the Notes nor the Preferred Stock issued in exchanged for the Notes are or will be listed on a national securities exchange.
While the common stock underlying the Preferred Stock will have voting rights upon conversion, neither the debt represented by the Notes nor the Preferred Stock issued in exchanged for the Notes have voting rights.
The Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 12.5%, which is paid quarterly by adding the interest amount to the principal owed under the Notes. The Preferred Stock has no coupon rate or dividends payable.
The Asset Purchase and Sale transaction for the disposition of both the Colorado property and drilling rig will close concurrently with the closing of Securities Exchange Agreement and the issuance of the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to Longview. Following the closing of both transactions, the Company’s remaining senior secured debt will be approximately $16.0 million.
The Company’s Board of Directors has determined that the terms of the Securities Exchange Agreement are in the best interests of the Company and has approved the Securities Exchange Agreement and directed Executive Management of the Company to take all actions required to secure the approval of the Company’s Stockholders by consent. On March 5, 2009, the consenting stockholders, who consist of three current stockholders of South Texas Oil Company, and are collectively the record and beneficial owners of 9,949,725 shares of common stock, which represents 59.36% of the issued and outstanding shares of South Texas Oil Company’s common stock, approved the Securities Exchange transaction, pursuant to Nevada Revised Statutes 78.320.
To amend the Company’s Articles of Incorporation to increase our authorized (i) common stock from 50,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares having a par value of $0.001 per share.
We anticipate future efforts to raise additional capital to meet the needs of our oil and natural gas exploration and development activities, as part of our strategic growth plan. Our efforts to raise additional funds in the future may involve the issuance of convertible debt, pure equity, or a combination thereof, in one or more transactions. However, we do not have any current specific plans, proposals or arrangements, written or otherwise, to issue any of the newly available authorized shares of stock for any purpose, including future acquisitions and/or financings.
A change in the authorized capital stock of a Nevada corporation requires an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation. Nevada Revised Statutes 78.390 requires stockholder approval to amend the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, which may be by stockholders’ consent without a meeting as provided in Nevada Revised Statutes 78.320.
The following information and documents are attached and incorporated herein by reference:
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
R | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| |
| For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 |
| |
OR |
|
£ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File No. 001-33777
South Texas Oil Company
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Nevada | 74-2949620 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
300 East Sonterra Boulevard, Suite 1220
San Antonio, Texas 78258
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(210) 545-5994
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of each class | | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | | The NASDAQ Global Market |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes £ No R
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes £ No R
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes R No £
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. £
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer £ | Accelerated filer £ |
Non-accelerated filer £ | Smaller reporting company R |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes £ No R
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant based on the closing price of the Registrant’s common stock of $3.69 per share as reported on the NASDAQ Global Stock Market on June 30, 2008 was $33,505,886.
As of March 17, 2009, there were outstanding 16,788,862 shares of common stock.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Information required by Part III will either be included in the registrant’s definitive proxy statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or filed as an amendment to this Form 10-K no later than 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year, to the extent required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I | | 1 |
ITEM 1. | BUSINESS | 1 |
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS | 17 |
ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS | 29 |
ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES | 29 |
ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 29 |
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS | 30 |
PART II | | 30 |
ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY | 30 |
ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA | 33 |
ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 33 |
ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 43 |
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMETARY DATA | 43 |
ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE | 43 |
ITEM 9A(T). | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 43 |
ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION | 45 |
PART III | | 45 |
ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | 45 |
ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION | 45 |
ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS | 45 |
ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE | 45 |
ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES | 45 |
PART IV | | 46 |
ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES | 46 |
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SIGNATURES | |
CERTIFICATIONS | | |
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
As commonly used in the oil and natural gas industry and as used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following terms and abbreviations have the following meanings:
2-D seismic or 2-D data. Seismic data that is acquired and processed to yield a two-dimensional cross section of the subsurface.
3-D seismic or 3-D data. The method by which a three dimensional image of the earth’s subsurface is created through the interpretation of reflection seismic data collected over a surface grid. 3-D seismic surveys allow for a more detailed understanding of the subsurface than do conventional surveys and contribute significantly to field appraisal, exploitation and production.
Annulus. The space around a pipe in a wellbore.
Anomaly. An entity or property that differs from what is typical or expected, or which differs from that predicted by a theoretical model. It may be the measurement of the difference between an observed or measured value and the expected values of a physical property.
Bbl. One stock tank barrel or 42 United States gallons liquid volume.
Bcf. One billion cubic feet
Bcfe. One billion cubic feet equivalent, determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
Boe. Barrel of oil equivalent. Boe is calculated by converting 6 Mcf of natural gas to 1 Bbl of oil.
Boe/d. Boe per day.
Bopd. Barrels of oil per day.
Behind pipe reserves. Behind-pipe reserves are expected to be recovered from zones in existing wells, which will require additional completion work or future recompletion prior to the start of production.
Bore hole. The wellbore itself, including the openhole or uncased portion of the well. Bore hole may refer to the inside diameter of the wellbore wall, the rock face that bounds the drilled hole.
Btu. One British thermal unit, which is the heat required to raise the temperature of a one-pound mass of water from 58.5 to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit.
Butane. A gaseous hydrocarbon of the paraffin series.
CO2 or carbon dioxide. A gas that can be found in naturally occurring reservoirs, typically associated with ancient volcanoes, and also is a major byproduct from manufacturing and power production, also utilized in enhanced oil recovery through injection into an oil reservoir.
Commercial well; commercially productive well. An oil and natural gas well which produces oil and natural gas in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such production exceed production expenses and taxes.
Completion. The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or natural gas or, in the case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the appropriate agency.
Compression. A force that tends to shorten or squeeze, decreasing volume or increasing pressure.
Condensate. Hydrocarbons associated with natural gas which are liquid under surface conditions but gaseous in a reservoir before extraction.
Darcy. A unit of permeability, equivalent to the passage of 1 cubic centimeter of fluid of 1 centipoise viscosity flowing in 1 second under a pressure of 1 atmosphere through a porous medium having a cross-sectional area of 1 square centimeter and a length of 1 centimeter.
Delay rental. A payment made to the lessor under a non-producing oil and natural gas lease at the end of each year to continue the lease in force for another year during its primary term.
Depletion. The reduction in petroleum reserves due to production.
Development activities. Activities following exploration including the installation of facilities and the drilling and completion of wells for production purposes.
Developed Acreage. The number of acres which are allocated or assignable to producing wells or wells capable of production.
Developed acres. Acres spaced or assigned to productive wells.
Development costs. All costs incurred in bringing a field to commercial production.
Development well. A well drilled within the proved area of an oil or natural gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.
Division order. A contract setting forth the interest of each owner of a natural gas or oil property, which serves as the basis on which the purchasing company pays each owner’s respective share of the proceeds from the natural gas or oil purchased.
Down-hole equipment. Equipment physically located in a wellbore.
Down-hole lift methods. Use of different equipment to aid in the production of a well whose own reservoir energy is not sufficient to economically produce the well.
Downspacing wells. Additional wells drilled between known producing wells to better exploit the reservoir.
Dry hole or dry well. A well found to be incapable of producing hydrocarbons in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such production would exceed production expenses and taxes.
EOR. Enhanced oil recovery projects involve injection of heat, miscible or immiscible gas, or chemicals into oil reservoirs, typically following full primary or secondary water flood recovery efforts, in order to gain incremental recovery of oil from the reservoir.
Ethane. A colorless, gaseous compound of the paraffin series contained in the gases given off by petroleum and in illuminating gas.
Exploitation. The continuing development of a known producing formation in a previously discovered field. To maximize the ultimate recovery of oil or natural gas from the field by development wells, secondary recovery equipment or other suitable processes and technology.
Exploration. The initial phase in petroleum operations that includes generation of a prospect or play or both, and drilling of an exploration well.
Exploratory well. A well drilled to find and produce oil or natural gas reserves not classified as proved, to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of oil or natural gas in another reservoir or to extend a known reservoir.
Extensions and discoveries. As to any period, the increases to proved reserves from all sources other than the acquisition of proved properties or revisions of previous estimates
Farmin. An agreement which allows a party to earn a full or partial working interest (also known as an “earned working interest”) in an oil and natural gas lease in return for providing exploration funds.
Farmout. Sale or transfer of all or part of the operating rights from the working interest owner (the assignor or farmout party), to an assignee (the farmin party) who assumes all or some of the burden of development, in return for an interest in the property. The assignor may retain an overriding royalty or any other type of interest. For Federal tax purposes, a farmout may be structured as a sale or lease, depending on the specific rights and carved out interests retained by the assignor.
Federal unit. Acreage under Federal oil and natural gas leases subject to an agreement or plan among owners of the leasehold interests, which satisfies certain minimum arrangements and has been approved by an authorized representative of the U.S. Secretary of the Interior, to consolidate under a cooperative unit plan or agreement for the development of such acreage comprising a common oil and natural gas pool, field or like area, without regard to separate leasehold ownership of each participant and providing for the sharing of costs and benefits on a basis as defined in such agreement or plan under the supervision of a designated operator.
Fee land. The most extensive interest that can be owned in land, including surface and mineral, including oil and natural gas, rights.
Field. An area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature and/or stratigraphic condition.
Finding costs. The ratio of capital costs necessary to establish production, divided by the reserves discovered usually reported in $/boe or $/mcfe.
Flow lines. The pipe through which oil or natural gas travels from well processing equipment to storage or sales.
Formation or interval. The fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy. A body of rock that is sufficiently distinctive and continuous that it can be mapped. In stratigraphy, a formation is a body of strata of predominately one type of combination of types. A group of rocks of the same age extending over a substantial area of a basin.
Frac or fracture. High pressure or explosive methods of breaking rock formations to facilitate production of oil or natural gas.
Gas or natural gas. A highly compressible, highly expansible mixture of hydrocarbons with a low specific gravity and occurring naturally in a gaseous form but which may contain liquids.
Gas lift. The process of raising or lifting fluid from a well by injecting gas down the well through tubing or through the tubing casing annulus. Injected gas aerates the fluid resulting in less pressure that the formation, the resulting higher formation pressure forces the fluid out of the wellbore. Gas may be injected continuously or intermittently, depending on the producing characteristics of the well and the arrangement of the gas-lift equipment.
Gathering system. The flowline network and process facilities that transport and control the flow of oil and natural gas from the wells to a main storage facility, processing plant or shipping point. A gathering system includes pumps, headers, separators, emulsion treaters, tanks, regulators, compressors, dehydrators, values and associated equipment.
Geophysical work. The use of seismic surveys and the interpretation of these surveys to better estimate the subsurface environment.
Gross acres or gross wells. The total acres or wells, as the case may be, in which a working interest is owned.
Held by production or HBP. A provision in an oil, gas and mineral lease that perpetuates a company’s right to operate a property or concession as long as the property or concession produced a minimum paying quantity of oil or natural gas.
Horizontal drilling. Involves drilling horizontally out from an existing vertical well bore, thereby potentially increasing the area and reach of the well bore that is in contact with the reservoir.
Horizontal wells. Wells which are drilled at angles greater than 70 degrees from vertical.
Hydraulic fracturing. Involves pumping a fluid with or without particulates into a formation t high pressure, thereby creating fractures in the rock and leaving the particulates in the fractures to ensure that the fractures remain open, thereby potentially increasing the ability of the reservoir to produce oil and natural gas.
Hydrocarbons. Oil, natural gas, condensate and other petroleum products.
Hydrostatic pressure. The force exerted by a body of fluid at rest. It increases directly with the density and the depth of the fluid and is expressed in many different units, including pounds per square inch or kilopascals.
Injection well. A well in which fluids are injected rather than produced, the primary objective typically being to maintain reservoir pressure. Two common types of injection are gas and water. Separated gas from production wells or possibly imported gas or carbon dioxide may be injected into the upper gas section of the reservoir. Water-injection wells are common, where filtered and treated water is injected to increase production of the reservoir.
Infill drilling. Drilling of a well between known producing wells to better exploit the reservoir.
Initial production rate. Generally, the maximum 24 hour production volume from a well.
LOE. Lease operating expense(s), a current period expense incurred to operate a well.
Landowner royalty. That interest retained by the holder of a mineral interest upon the execution of an oil and natural gas lease which typically ranges from 1/8 to ¼ of all gross revenues from oil and natural gas production, depending upon the area of the lease, unencumbered with any expenses of operation, development, or maintenance.
Leases. Means full or partial interests in oil and natural gas properties authorizing the owner of the lease to drill for, purchase and sell oil and natural gas in exchange for any or all rental, bonus and royalty payments. Leases are generally acquired from private landowners (fee leases) and from federal and state governments on acreage held by them.
Lithostratigrathy. The study and correlation of strata to elucidate earth history on the basis of its lithology, or the nature of the well log response, mineral content, grain, size, texture and color of rocks.
Low pressure gathering system. Small diameter pipelines interconnected in order to combine natural gas from producing wells which generally have pressures from 0 to 500 psa.
MBbl. One thousand barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
MBbl/d. MBbl per day.
MBoe. One thousand barrels of oil equivalent
MBoe/d. MBoe per day.
MMBoe. One million barrels of oil equivalent.
Mcf. One thousand cubic feet.
Mcfe. One thousand cubic feet equivalent, determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
MMBbl. One million barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
MMBtu. One million British thermal units.
MMcf. One million cubic feet.
MMcf/d. MMcf per day.
MMcfe. One million cubic feet equivalent, determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
MMcfe/d. MMcfe per day.
Millidarcy or md. A unit of fluid permeability equal to one-thousandth of a darcy.
Methane. Means a colorless, odorless, flammable gas, CH4, the first member of the methane series.
Multiple stacked reservoirs. Productive formation at different depths in a well or a field. As used in explanation, may be referred to as “multiple stacked objectives.” Can occur over a few feet or hundreds of feet in thickness.
NGLs. Natural gas liquids, which are the hydrocarbon liquids contained within natural gas.
NYMEX. New York Mercantile Exchange.
Net acres or net wells. The sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres or gross wells, as the case may be.
Net revenue interest. A share of production after all burdens, such as royalty and overriding royalty, have been deducted from the working interest. It is the percentage of production that each party actually receives.
Nonconventional gas. Non-conventional gas is a natural gas found in unusual underground situations such as very impermeable reservoirs, hydrates, and coal deposits.
Nonproducing reserves. Reserves subcategorized as non-producing include shut-in and behind-pipe reserves. Shut-in reserves are expected to be recovered from (1) completion intervals which are open at the time of the estimate, but which have not started producing, (2) wells which were shut-in for market conditions or pipeline connections, or (3) wells not capable of production for mechanical reasons. Behind-pipe reserves are expected to be recovered from zones in existing wells, which will require additional completion work or future recompletion prior to the start of production.
Oil. Crude oil or condensate.
Operator. An oil and natural gas venture participant that manages the joint venture, pays venture costs and bills the venture’s non-operators for their share of venture costs. The operator is also responsible to market all oil and natural gas production, except for those non-operators who take their participation in-kind.
Overriding royalty. A royalty interest that is created out of the operating or working interest. Unlike a royalty interest, an overriding royalty interest terminates with the operating interest from which it was created or carved out of. See “royalty interest”.
Over-pressurized. Subsurface pressure that is abnormally high, exceeding hydrostatic pressure at a given depth.
Paid-up lease. A lease for which the aggregate lease payments are paid in full on or prior to the commencement of the lease term.
Payout. The point in time when the cumulative total of gross income from the production of oil and natural gas from a given well, and any proceeds from the sale of such well, equals the cumulative total costs and expenses of acquiring, drilling, completing, and operating such well, including tangible and intangible drilling and completion costs.
P-waves. An elastic body wave or sound wave in which particles oscillate in the direction the wave propagates.
Perforate. To pierce the casing wall and cement of a wellbore to provide holes through which formation fluids may enter or to provide holes in the casing so that materials may be introduced into the annulus between the casing and the wall of the borehole.
Permeability. The measure of ease with which petroleum can move through a reservoir.
Play. A term applied to a portion of the exploration and production cycle following the identification by geologists and geophysicists of areas with potential oil and natural gas reserves.
Porosity. The relative volume of the pore space (or open area) compared to the total bulk volume of the reservoir.
Present value of estimated future net revenues or PV-10 value. When used with respect to oil and natural gas reserves, the estimated future gross revenues to be generated from the production of proved reserves, net of estimated production and future development costs, using the prices provided in this report and costs in effect as of the date indicated, without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expense, debt service and future income tax expenses or to depreciation, depletion and amortization, discounted using an annual discount rate of 10% and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, and is not necessarily the same as market value.
Primary recovery. The first stage of oil production in which natural reservoir drives are used to recover oil, although some form of artificial lift may be required to exploit declining reservoir drives.
Productive well. A well that is found to be capable of producing hydrocarbons in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such production exceeds production expenses and taxes.
Propane. A gaseous hydrocarbon of the paraffin series.
Prospect. Potential hydrocarbon trap which has been confirmed by geological and geophysical studies to the degree that drilling of an exploration well is warranted.
Proved developed nonproducing reserves or PDNPs. Proved reserves that have been developed and no material amount of capital expenditures are required to bring on production, but production has not yet been initiated due to timing, markets, or lack of third party completed connection to a natural gas sales pipeline.
Proved developed reserves or PDPs. Reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and natural gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery are included in “proved developed reserves” only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.
Proved reserves. Proved oil and natural gas reserves are the estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on escalations based on future conditions.
Proved undeveloped drilling location. A site on which a development well can be drilled consistent with spacing rules for purposes of recovering proved undeveloped reserves.
Proved undeveloped reserves or PUDs. Reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage are limited to those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units are claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Estimates for proved undeveloped reserves are not attributed to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.
PSI. Pounds per square inch, a measure of pressure. Pressure is typically measured as “psig”, or the pressure in excess of standard atmospheric pressure.
Recompletion. The completion for production of an existing wellbore in another formation from that which the well has been previously completed.
Reprocessing. Refers to taking older seismic data and performing new mathematical techniques to refine subsurface images or to provide additional ways of interpreting the subsurface environment.
Reserve life. A ratio determined by dividing our estimated existing reserves determined as of the stated measurement date by production from such reserves for the prior twelve month period.
Reservoir. A porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of economically productive oil and/or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is individual and separate from other reserves.
Rod pump. Used in connection with a pumping unit in order to aid in the production of a well. The rod pump moves up and down with the pumping unit and helps lift fluids from the wellbore.
Royalty. The share paid to the owner of mineral rights, expressed as a percentage of gross income from oil and natural gas produced and sold unemumbered by expenses relating to the drilling, completing and operating of the affected well.
Royalty interest. An interest that entitles the owner of such interest to a share of the mineral production from a property or to a share of the proceeds there from. It does not contain the rights and obligations of operating the property and normally does not bear any of the costs of exploration, development and operation of the property.
S-wave. An elastic body wave in which particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction in which the wave propagates.
Salt water disposal wells. A well used for the purpose of injecting produced water back into the ground.
Sand. An abrasive material composed of small quartz grains formed from the disintegration of pre-existing rocks.
Secondary recovery. The use of water-flooding or gas injection to maintain formation pressure during primary production and to reduce the rate of decline of the original reservoir drive. Water flooding of a depleted reservoir. The first improved recovery method of any type applied to a reservoir to produce oil not recoverable by primary recovery methods.
Shale. Fine-grained sedimentary rock composed mostly of consolidated clay or mud. Shale is the most frequently occurring sedimentary rock.
Shut-in well. A well that is not on production, but has not yet been plugged and abandoned. Wells may be shut-in in anticipation of future utility as a producing well, plugging and abandonment or other use.
Side track drilling. An operation where a new well bore is drilled from an existing well bore.
Slick water fracture stimulation. The use of water to treat the well in order to improve rate and reserves. Fluids are pumped into the wellbore at high pressure and rate causing a fracture to open in the rock and extending away from the wellbore.
Spud. The initial penetration of the ground or seafloor when drilling a well; the start of the drilling operation.
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows or the Standardized Measure. The present value of estimated future net revenues to be generated from the production of proved reserves, determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (using prices and costs in effect as of the date of estimation) without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expenses, debt service, future income tax expenses or depreciation, depletion and amortization; discounted using an annual discount rate of 10%.
Stock tank barrel. 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume.
Stratigraphic. Refers to a zone or strata and is typically used in terms of how the hydrocarbon is trapped in the reservoir. A stratigraphic trap is where the rock type changes due to some geological event, such as thinning of the zone, and allows for the hydrocarbons to remain in place.
Stratigraphy. The study of the history, composition, relative ages and distribution of strata, and the interpretation of strata to elucidate earth history.
Successful well. A well capable of producing oil and/or natural gas in commercial quantities.
Test well. An exploration well.
Tcf. One trillion cubic feet of natural gas
Tcfe. One trillion cubic feet equivalent, determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
Trap. Geological structure in which hydrocarbons aggregate to form an oil or natural gas field.
Tubing. A relatively small-diameter pipe that is run into a well bore to serve as a conduit for the passage of oil and natural gas to the surface.
Undeveloped acreage. Lease acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and natural gas regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves.
Unproved resources. Resources that are considered less certain to be recovered than proved reserves. Unproved resources may be further sub-classified to denote progressively increasing uncertainty of recoverability.
Waterflood. A method of secondary recovery in which water is injected into the reservoir formation to displace residual oil. The water from injection wells physically sweeps the displaced oil to adjacent production wells. Potential problems associated with waterflood techniques include inefficient recovery due to variable permeability, or similar conditions affecting fluid transport within the reservoir, and early water breakthrough that may cause production and surface processing problems.
Wellbore. A borehole or the hole drilled by a drilling bit. A wellbore may have casing in it or it may be open (uncased) or part of it may be open.
Working interest. The operating interest that gives the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct operating activities on the property and a share of production.
Workover. Maintenance on a producing well to restore or increase production.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements based on expectations, estimates and projections as of the date of this filing. These statements by their nature are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are influenced by various factors. As a consequence, actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. For more information see “Forward-Looking Statements” included at the end of this Item 1. “Business” and see also Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”
References
When referring to South Texas Oil Company (“South Texas,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”), the intent is to refer to South Texas and its consolidated subsidiaries as a whole or on an individual basis, depending on the context in which the statements are made.
Organization
South Texas Oil Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 31, 2001 as Nutek Oil, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Nutek, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Nutek”). Our Articles of Incorporation presently authorize 50,000,000 shares of common stock at $.001 par value and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock at $.001 par value. On August 1, 2001 and January 8, 2004, Nutek made distributions of the Company’s common stock to its stockholders pursuant to a planned “spin-off” that resulted in all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock being held by the stockholders of Nutek. On April 1, 2005, we changed our name from Nutek Oil, Inc. to South Texas Oil Company. Our business activities are primarily conducted through our wholly owned subsidiaries, Southern Texas Oil Company, STO Drilling Company, STO Operating Company, and STO Properties LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of STO Operating Company. We operate in one reportable segment engaged in the exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas properties.
Overview
South Texas Oil Company is an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the acquisition, production, exploration and development of oil and natural gas. Our management team has extensive technical and operating expertise in all areas of our geographic focus, which are primarily located in Texas, Louisiana, Colorado and the Gulf Coast. Our producing properties are located in highly prolific fields with long histories of oil and natural gas operations.
At December 31, 2008, our estimated total proved oil and natural gas reserves, as prepared by Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc., our independent reserve engineering firm, were approximately 5.1 million barrels of oil equivalent (MMBoe), consisting of 3.1 million barrels of oil (MMBbl), and 12.1 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of natural gas. Approximately 12% of our proved reserves were classified as proved developed and 88% as proved undeveloped. We have operational control of approximately 96% of our proved reserves. The PV-10 value of our total proved reserves was approximately $70.3 million based on benchmark commodity prices as of December 31, 2008, which were $44.60 per barrel of oil and $5.71 per MMBtu of natural gas. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we produced 102.7 thousand barrels of oil equivalent (MBoe).
Our principal offices are located at 300 East Sonterra Boulevard, Suite 1220, San Antonio, Texas 78258, telephone number (210) 545-5994, fax number (210) 545-3317, and our website can be found at www.southtexasoil.com. Unless specifically incorporated by reference in this document, information that you may find on our website, or any other website, is not part of this document. Our stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the ticker symbol “STXX.”
Business Strategy
Our primary goal is to enhance stockholder value by increasing our cash flow, net asset value, and reserves per share through acquisitions, production, exploration, development and divestitures of oil and natural gas properties. Our strategy is to identify prospects internally, acquire lands encompassing those prospects and evaluate those prospects using subsurface geology, geophysical data, development and exploratory drilling. Using this strategy, we have developed an oil and natural gas portfolio of proved reserves, as well as development and exploratory drilling opportunities on high-potential conventional and non-conventional oil and natural gas prospects. We seek to be the named operator of our properties so that we can control the drilling programs to not only replace production, but add value through the growth of reserves and future operational synergies. Our strategy includes balancing risks by allocating capital expenditures between lower-risk development and exploitation activities and exploring higher-risk, higher-potential drilling prospects.
As of December 31, 2008, we controlled approximately 46,502 gross (27,532 net) acres and operated approximately 124 producing well bores located throughout 14 counties in Texas, Louisiana, Colorado and the Gulf Coast. The acreage that we operate and control includes Atascosa, Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Calhoun, Fayette, Frio, Gonzales, Lee, and Matagorda Counties in Texas, Assumption, Lafourche and Terrebonne Parishes in Louisiana, and Logan County, Colorado. As of December 31, 2008, our daily net production was approximately 250 barrels of oil equivalent (Boe), of which approximately 70% is oil.
Our development program is focused on lower risk, repeatable drilling opportunities to maintain or grow cash flow. We have conducted a geological, geophysical and engineering analysis on our existing assets and have identified 27 horizontal wells to drill from existing wellbores or offset locations that we have leased. Horizontal well drilling provides increased exposure to the formation in order to increase the flow rate and to recover additional oil and natural gas reserves not recoverable from the existing vertical wellbores. For 2009, we estimate our total drilling and development capital expenditures will be approximately $10.0 million. Our capital expenditure budget is under continuous review and is subject to on-going adjustment.
Key elements of our business strategy include the following:
| · | Focus on Our Existing Assets. We intend to focus a significant portion of our growth efforts in our existing areas in Texas, Louisiana, Colorado and the Gulf Coast. We control approximately 46,502 gross (27,532 net) acres, which are largely characterized by long lived reserves and production histories in multiple oil and natural gas formations. We believe our focus on and experience in the areas we operate may expose us to acquisition opportunities which may not be available to the entire industry. |
| · | Develop and Exploit Existing Oil and Natural Gas Properties. As of December 31, 2008, we had identified 27 horizontal wells to drill from existing wellbores or offset locations that we have leased. Horizontal well drilling provides more access to the formation in order to increase the flow rate and to recover additional oil and natural gas reserves not recoverable from the existing vertical wellbores. The 27 identified wells are located in the Giddings Field in south central Texas and within the Austin Chalk trend. Our primary target formations within this trend are the Austin Chalk, Buda, Georgetown, Eagleford and Wilcox. The Austin Chalk trend covering our acreage ranges from approximately 150 feet to 750 feet in thickness and is subdivided into upper, middle and lower zones, with a vertical depth ranging between 6,000 feet and 12,000 feet. Our development program within the Giddings Field is focused on lower risk, repeatable drilling opportunities to grow cash flow and proved reserves. Additionally, as of December 31, 2008, we drilled, cased and cemented two directional wells in Matagorda Bay which are currently undergoing completion procedures. Those two wells were drilled with a barge rig in shallow Texas state waters in Calhoun County with target formations in the Frio sands ranging from 8,500 feet to 12,500 feet. Total measured depth (TMD) for well #127-1 reached 12,464 feet in August 2008 and for well #150-1ST1 reached 10,260 feet in November 2008. |
| · | Complete Selective Acquisitions, Joint Ventures and Divestitures. We seek to acquire and/or enter into joint ventures for producing oil and natural gas properties, primarily in our core areas. We evaluate acquisitions and joint ventures based on criteria designed to increase cash flow, reserves, and production on an accretive basis. In December 2008, we announced a joint venture project agreement with Blue Moon Exploration, a privately held Houston-based geological and geophysical prospect generation firm. Blue Moon Exploration’s prospects complement our existing core areas of focus while providing extensive access to geological, geophysical and seismic data. As part of this strategy, we may engage in strategic divestitures of non-core assets to redeploy capital into projects to develop both lower-risk and higher-return projects. We recently entered into an agreement to divest two non-core assets, which included our DJ Basin property located in Logan County, Colorado and our Unit U34 drilling rig, divestiture is expected to close in the second quarter of 2009. See “—Recent Developments—$26.1 Million Debt Restructuring and Non-Core Asset Divestitures”. |
We believe that the following strengths complement our business strategy:
| · | High Quality Asset Base. We own, and plan to maintain, a geographically focused reserve base. Our principal operations are in the Giddings Field of south central Texas, Louisiana and the shallow Texas state waters of the Gulf Coast. Our properties are generally characterized by a high oil concentration, with long reserve lives, and a multi-year inventory of development drilling and exploitation projects. These resource plays present significant opportunities to grow our reserves with low finding and development costs. Since a majority of our acreage in these areas is held by production (HBP), we are not required to commit capital over a short period of time to avoid lease expirations. |
| · | Operational Control. We seek to be the operator of our properties so that we can control the timing and extent of our capital expenditures and the drilling programs that not only replace production, but also add value through the growth of cash flow, reserves and future operational synergies. As of December 31, 2008, we maintained operational control of approximately 96% of our proved reserves. Our high degree of operating control allows us to control capital allocation and expenses and the timing of additional development and exploitation of our producing properties. |
| · | Experienced Management Team with Significant Technical Expertise. Our management team has extensive technical and operating expertise in all areas of our geographic focus. We believe that the knowledge, experience and expertise of our staff will continue to support our efforts to enhance stockholder value. Since our new management team was installed in June 2008, we have implemented a disciplined top-to-bottom analysis of the Company and a comprehensive evaluation of our asset base and core operating areas, resulting in the achievement of substantial growth in proved reserves and other operational and financial efficiencies. We have increased our proved reserves from approximately 0.581 MMBoe in 2007 to approximately 5.1 MMBoe at December 31, 2008, a 778% increase. |
| · | Insider Ownership. As of March 5, 2009, our management team and directors beneficially owned approximately 14% of our outstanding shares of common stock, which aligns management’s objectives with our stockholders. |
Capital Expenditures
Our efforts in 2008 were mainly focused on evaluating our existing assets to determine the best areas and techniques for development. This evaluation included a comprehensive and meticulous review of our asset base and core operating areas, our geological and geophysical data, reserves data and extensive land and title review and evaluation, which resulted in part to the increase in proved reserves reported. For 2009, our estimated capital expenditure budget is $10.0 million, and we intend to focus our drilling program primarily on the Austin Chalk, Buda, Georgetown, Eagleford and Wilcox formations in the Giddings Field where we currently have an inventory of 27 horizontal wells to drill with laterals that range from 500 feet to 5,000 feet. The capital expenditure budget includes an estimated $5.5 million for the Giddings Field horizontal wells, $4.0 million for the Blue Moon Exploration joint venture project focused in Texas and Louisiana, and $0.5 million for Matagorda Bay completion activities. Our 2009 capital expenditure budget presently excludes acquisitions, but may include installation of gathering system infrastructure and pipeline hookups and the acquisition of geophysical operations, including seismic data.
Due to current capital and credit market conditions in which numerous financial institutions have effectively restricted current liquidity within the capital markets throughout the United States and around the world, we cannot be certain that funding will be available to us in required amounts or on acceptable terms. To the extent we access credit or capital markets in the near term, our ability to obtain terms and pricing similar to its existing terms and pricing may be limited. Our current cash balances and cash flow from operations will not provide adequate working capital to fully fund our 2009 capital expenditure budget, and we intend to pursue potential debt and/or equity financing and to evaluate other alternatives, such as joint ventures with third parties or sales of interests in one or more of our properties in order to fund our capital expenditures. Such transactions may result in a reduction in our operating interests or require us to relinquish the right to operate the property. We also plan to renegotiate and/or refinance our existing secured debt, which includes approximately a $7.0 million senior secured bridge note and approximately $9.0 million in notes outstanding under our credit facility, which mature in September 2009 and December 2009, respectively. Entry into a new credit facility is expected to result in increased interest expense, and there can be no assurance that the borrowing base will remain at the current level. There can be no assurance that any such transactions can be completed or that such transactions will satisfy our operating capital requirements. If we are not successful in obtaining sufficient funding or completing an alternative transaction on a timely basis on terms acceptable to us, we could be required to curtail our expenditures or restructure our operations, and we would be unable to implement our original exploration and drilling program, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our capital expenditure budget may be modified depending upon commodity prices and market conditions.
Recent Developments
New Management Team and Relocation of Corporate Headquarters
On June 24, 2008, we announced that Michael Pawelek, South Texas Oil Company’s current Chairman of the Board, was named as our Chief Executive Officer and President. Additionally, Wayne Psencik was appointed as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, and Sherry Spurlock was appointed as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. The management change was an internally planned succession. Additionally, Theodore J. Wicks was appointed Executive Vice President of Corporate Development in October 2008 and Robert W. Kuehner was appointed Vice President of Land Management in August 2008. Effective July 1, 2008, South Texas Oil Company moved its corporate headquarters to 300 East Sonterra Boulevard, Suite 1220, San Antonio, Texas 78258. Our office number is (210) 545-5994 and the fax number is (210) 545-3317.
Senior Secured Bridge Financing
On September 19, 2008, we closed a $7.0 million bridge financing with the Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. (“Marquis”) in the form of a senior secured note of which $6.75 million was available to us for general working capital purposes. The senior secured note carries an interest rate of 12.5% per annum payable quarterly in cash and matures in September 2009.
Subsequent Events
$26.1 Million Debt Restructuring and Non-Core Asset Divestitures
On February 23, 2009, we announced a comprehensive debt restructuring and related agreements with The Longview Fund L.P. (“Longview”), which will extinguish 62% of our existing notes payable under our credit facility and our senior secured debt. The definitive agreements with Longview provide that Longview will restructure $26.1 million of debt (plus accrued interest) through (i) the payment of $16.3 million in debt (plus accrued interest) held by Longview in exchange for 1.6 million shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and (ii) a debt/non-core asset exchange between us and Longview valued at $9.8 million.
Pursuant to a securities exchange agreement, we will issue to Longview approximately 1.6 million shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in exchange for the surrender and cancellation of approximately $16.3 million of notes payable held by Longview. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value equal to $10.00 per share, has no coupon rate, does not pay dividends, and has no voting rights. The shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of our common stock at any time subsequent to 90 days after the issuance of the shares at a conversion price of $0.50 per share of common stock. Stockholders holding more than a majority of our outstanding common stock (approximately 59.36%) have approved the creation and issuance of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to Longview, and we have filed an information statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which is subject to SEC review. Following SEC review, we will provide notice to all of our stockholders that did not consent to such action, by delivery of an Information Statement prepared pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and the exchange will close a minimum of 20 days following the mailing of the Information Statement to our stockholders.
We also entered into a definitive asset purchase and sale agreement with Longview sell our Colorado DJ Basin property and our Unit U34 drilling rig and associated assets to Longview for a combined total of $9.8 million. Subject to the terms and conditions of the purchase and sale agreement, on the closing date, we have agreed to convey these assets to Longview in exchange for Longview’s discharge and satisfaction of $9.8 million in debt. The Colorado property disposition includes our entire 37.5% non-operated working interest in 23,111 gross (8,666 net) acres located in Logan County, Colorado. The DJ Basin property includes approximately 217,000 Boe of proved reserves and an estimated 18 Boe/d of net production.
Closing of both transactions is subject to customary closing conditions and SEC review of our Information Statement on Schedule 14C. The final closing price will reflect typical closing and post-closing adjustments. Following the closing of both transactions, our remaining senior secured debt Marquis will be approximately $16.0 million.
Properties
As of December 31, 2008, we controlled approximately 46,502 gross (27,532 net) acres and operated approximately 124 producing well bores located throughout 14 counties and/or parishes in Texas, Louisiana, Colorado and the Gulf Coast. Our properties are located in the following areas in the United States:
| · | Giddings Field, which is located in south central Texas, and includes the Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Fayette, Gonzales, and Lee Counties, Texas; |
| · | Big Foot Field, which is located in south central Texas and includes the Atascosa and Frio Counties, Texas; |
| · | DJ Basin, which is located in Logan County, Colorado (which properties we have subsequently agreed to divest); |
| · | Gulf Coast, which includes our Matagorda Bay wells in the shallow state waters of Matagorda and Calhoun Counties, Texas; and |
| · | Louisiana, which includes projects with Blue Moon Exploration in Assumption, Lafourche and Terrebonne Parishes, Louisiana. |
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As of December 31, 2008, we controlled approximately 16,655 gross (14,142 net) acres, which included 47 producing well bores with net production of approximately 212 Boe/d in the Giddings Field. Our Giddings Field is 100% operated, and we hold an approximate 86% working interest. The majority of our proved reserves are located in the Giddings Field. As of December 31, 2008, we have identified 27 horizontal wells to drill from existing wellbores or offset locations that we have leased. We also possess approximately 70 linear miles of 2-D seismic data. For 2009, our capital expenditure budget includes $5.5 million for the Giddings Field horizontal well development program. Our development program within the Giddings Field is focused on lower risk, repeatable drilling opportunities to grow cash flow and reserves. Horizontal well drilling provides increased exposure to the formation in order to increase the flow rate and to recover additional oil and natural gas reserves not recoverable from the existing vertical wellbores. Horizontal drilling also allows multiple fracture zones, which are not connected, to be developed by a single well.
Our acreage position in the Giddings Field covers the Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Fayette and Lee, Counties, Texas. Our acreage leasehold primarily covers the updip, shallow side of the Giddings Field, which is an oil-prone area. The primary target formations of the 27 identified horizontal wells are the Austin Chalk, Buda, Georgetown, Eagleford and Wilcox. These formations are generally characterized by high initial production rates and steep decline rates, with first year production declines approaching approximately 60%. Well logs and seismic data indicate fracture systems striking in a NE-SW direction, which are separated by non-fractured carbonate. The Austin Chalk covering our acreage in the Giddings Field ranges from 150 feet to 750 feet in thickness, and consists of interbedded chalk and marl (limestone with shale).
The Giddings Field, is a 10- to 20- mile-wide trend extending from Mexico through Central Texas and into northwest Louisiana. The primary producing reservoir is the Austin Chalk (Upper Cretaceous, 85-90 million years old), with secondary production from the Taylor (Upper Cretaceous) and deeper Buda and Georgetown Formations (Lower Cretaceous 98-105 million years old). The Austin Chalk is subdivided into upper, middle and lower zones, with a vertical depth ranging between 6,000 and 12,000 feet. The Austin Chalk, Buda and Georgetown formations are a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir, with limited matrix porosity (1-5%) and permeability (0.003-0.03 md). Most hydrocarbon production in the Austin Chalk comes from an extensive network of fractures. The first commercial discovery in the Austin Chalk was made in Texas in 1923 at Luling Field, followed by the Pearsall Field in 1935, then the Giddings Field in 1960. The Giddings Field has historically produced over 1.5 billion Boe.
Our Big Foot Field is located in Frio and Atascosa Counties, Texas. The Big Foot Field was first discovered by Shell Oil Company in 1949, has produced over 5 million Boe and is characterized as a shallow, oily play. The primary producing formations are the Olmos B and Olmos D sands, which range in depth from 3,100 feet to 3,600 feet. We have 73 wells cumulatively producing approximately 30 barrels of oil net per day (Bopd), with a 100% working interest in 4,050 acres. South Texas Oil recently completed two re-fracs in two separate wells which previously were completed and producing. These wells were marginal producers pumping from 0.25 to 0.5 Bopd each. After fracture stimulation utilizing modern techniques, one of the wells is pumping at a stabilized rate of approximately 7 Bopd, up from 0.5 Bopd. Our geological and geophysical staff has initially identified 20 additional wells for potential workover activity. Our anticipated Big Foot Field refrac program could increase production and return shut-in wellbores to producing status. In addition to our workover activity, most of our existing wells in the Big Foot Field were drilled on 20-acre spacing, providing us with at least 40 additional infill drilling locations based on 10-acre well density.
As of December 31, 2008, South Texas Oil controlled approximately 23,111 gross (8,666 net) predominantly contiguous acres in the DJ Basin in Logan County, Colorado, in which it has approximately a non-operated, 37.5% net working interest. Current net production is approximately 18 Boe/d from four producing wells, or 7% of our daily production. We recently entered into a definitive asset purchase and sale agreement with Longview to divest our Colorado DJ Basin property and our Unit U34 drilling rig and associated assets to Longview for a combined total of $9.8 million. See “—Recent Developments—$26.1 Million Debt Restructuring and Non-Core Asset Divestitures”.
We control 2,240 gross (652 net) acres in shallow Texas state waters in Matagorda Bay, in which we currently have identified four exploratory prospects from a 120-square-mile 3-D seismic survey. As of June 2008, we agreed to contract operate the Matagorda Bay properties on behalf of Sonterra Resources, Inc., and we operate the Matagorda Bay wells and hold a working interest of approximately 20.5% and 37.5% on well #127-1 and well #150-1ST1, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, we drilled, cased and cemented two directional wells in Matagorda Bay, which are currently undergoing completion procedures. These wells were drilled with a barge rig in shallow Texas state waters (10-15 feet water depth) in Calhoun County, Texas. Target formations in the Frio sands are the Bolmex, Melbourne and Nodosaria which range from 8,500 feet to 12,500 feet. Total measured depth (TMD) for well #127-1 reached 12,464 feet in August 2008 and for well #150-1STI reached 10,260 feet in November 2008. Well #127-1 was a new exploratory drill and well #150-1ST1 was a side-track re-entry development well. Diagnostic well log analysis indicates multiple natural gas and condensate pay zones. A 1-mile gas sales pipeline is permitted.
We currently have leasehold acreage and are pursuing leases in Assumption, Lafourche and Terrebone Parishes, Louisiana. As part of our joint venture project agreement with Blue Moon Exploration, we are strategically focused on expanding our operations and developing oil and natural gas prospects throughout Louisiana. These prospects, which we anticipate operating, primarily target the Miocene formations. As of December 31, 2008, we leased 446 gross (22 net) acres in Lafourche Parish.
Drilling Activity
The following table sets forth the results of our drilling activities, which include the number and type of wells that we drilled during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Gross1 | | | Net1 | | | Gross | | | Net | | | Gross | | | Net | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Development wells, completed as: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Productive | | | 1.0 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 9.0 | | | | 6.43 | | | | 3.0 | | | | 1.87 | |
Non-Productive | | | - | | | | - | | | | 3.0 | | | | 2.38 | | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exploratory wells, completed as: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Productive | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Non-Productive | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | | 1.0 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 12.0 | | | | 8.81 | | | | 3.0 | | | | 1.87 | |
(1) | Does not include 3.0 gross (1.58 net) wells that were in the process of being completed as of December 31, 2008. |
Developed and Undeveloped Acreage
The following table sets forth our developed and undeveloped gross and net leasehold acreage, including options to acquire leasehold acreage, as of December 31, 2008:
| | Developed Acreage | | | Undeveloped Acreage | | | Total Acreage | |
Location | | Gross | | | Net | | | Gross | | | Net | | | Gross | | | Net | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Giddings Field | | | 10,532 | | | | 8,607 | | | | 6,123 | | | | 5,535 | | | | 16,655 | | | | 14,142 | |
Big Foot Field | | | 3,972 | | | | 3,972 | | | | 78 | | | | 78 | | | | 4,050 | | | | 4,050 | |
Matagorda Bay | | | 2,240 | | | | 652 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,240 | | | | 652 | |
DJ Basin | | | 2,700 | | | | 1,013 | | | | 20,411 | | | | 7,653 | | | | 23,111 | | | | 8,666 | |
Louisiana | | | | | | | | | 446 | | | | 22 | | | | 446 | | | | 22 | |
Total Acreage | | | 19,444 | | | | 14,244 | | | | 27,058 | | | | 13,288 | | | | 46,502 | | | | 27,532 | |
We use the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil and natural gas properties. Exploration costs such as exploratory geological and geophysical costs and delay rentals are charged against earnings as incurred. The costs to acquire, drill and equip exploratory wells are capitalized pending determinations of whether proved reserves can be attributed to our interests as a result of drilling the well. If management determines that commercial quantities of oil and natural gas have not been discovered, costs associated with exploratory wells are charged to exploration expense. Costs to acquire mineral interests, to drill and equip development wells, to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, and related costs to plug and abandon wells and costs of site restoration are capitalized.
Depletion, depreciation and amortization of proved oil and natural gas properties is computed using the units of production method based on proved reserves. Sales of entire interests in proved and unproved properties, and sales of partial interests of proved properties result in the recognition of gains or losses. Sales of partial interests of unproved properties are generally treated as a recovery of the cost of the interests retained.
Capitalized costs of our proved and unproved properties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Proved properties | | $ | 49,489,536 | | | $ | 23,383,575 | |
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | (9,656,545 | ) | | | (5,727,612 | ) |
Net proved properties | | | 39,832,991 | | | | 17,655,963 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Unproved properties: | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas leasehold costs | | | 944,359 | | | | 30,757,344 | |
Drilling in progress | | | 4,924,395 | | | | - | |
| | | 5,868,754 | | | | 30,757,344 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net capitalized costs | | $ | 45,701,745 | | | $ | 48,413,307 | |
Production
Our oil and natural gas production volumes and average sales price for the years ended December 31, 2008, and 2007 are as follows:
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Natural gas production (MMcf): | | | 153.9 | | | | 291.7 | |
Oil production (MBbl) | | | 77.1 | | | | 121.1 | |
Equivalent production (MBoe) | | | 102.7 | | | | 169.7 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Average price per unit: | | | | | | | | |
Natural gas (per Mcf) | | $ | 10.32 | | | $ | 3.40 | |
Oil (per Bbl) | | $ | 99.61 | | | $ | 35.99 | |
Equivalent (per Boe) | | $ | 90.14 | | | $ | 31.53 | |
Delivery Commitments
At December 31, 2008, we had no delivery commitments with our purchasers.
At December 31, 2008, our estimated total proved oil and natural gas reserves, as prepared by Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc., an independent reserve engineering firm, were approximately 5.1 million barrels of oil equivalent, consisting of 3.1 million barrels of oil, and 12.1 billion cubic feet of natural gas. Approximately 12% of our proved reserves were classified as proved developed and 88% as proved undeveloped. We maintain operational control of approximately 96% of our proved reserves. The PV-10 value of our total proved reserves was approximately $70.3 million based on benchmark commodity prices as of December 31, 2008, which were $44.60 per barrel of oil and $5.71 per MMBtu of natural gas. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we produced 102.7 thousand barrels of oil and natural gas equivalent (MBoe). We booked a higher quantity of proved undeveloped locations due to what we believe is the lower-risk nature of these reserves as demonstrated through analogous well data from long-term historical production in the immediate areas that were evaluated. The majority of the low-risk proved undeveloped (PUD) locations are located in the Giddings Field, which has demonstrated reliable production and reservoir characteristics for us and other operators over the years.
Proved oil and natural gas reserves are the estimated quantities of natural gas, oil, condensate and NGLs that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserve estimates are considered proved if economical productivity is supported by either actual production or conclusive formation tests. Estimated reserves that can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques are included in the “proved” classification when successful testing by a pilot project or the operation of an active, improved recovery program in the reservoir provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program is based. Estimated proved developed oil and natural gas reserves can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.
Our reported reserves are estimates only, which, by their nature, are subject to revision. The estimates are made using available geological and reservoir data, as well as production performance data. These estimates are reviewed throughout the year and revised either upward or downward, as warranted by additional performance data. With the exception of our DJ Basin property for 2008, Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc. engineered all material fields. We selected the properties for engineering by Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc. and MHA Petroleum Consultants. The 2008 DJ Basin reserves were engineered by Denver-based MHA Petroleum Consultants and were audited by Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc.
Forrest A. Garb & Associates Inc. opined that the overall proved reserves for the engineered properties are in the aggregate, reasonable, and prepared in accordance with generally accepted petroleum engineering and evaluation principles and conform to the SEC’s definition of proved reserves as set forth in Rule 210.4-10(a) of Regulation S-X. The estimates of proved reserves as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, changes in estimated proved reserves during the last two years and estimates of future net cash flows and discounted future net cash flows from estimated proved reserves are contained in Note 12 — Supplemental Oil and Gas Disclosures of Item 15 in this Form 10-K. These estimated future net cash flows are based on prices on the last day of the year and are calculated in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 69, “Disclosures about Oil and Gas Producing Activities.” Disclosure of this value and related reserves has been prepared in accordance with SEC Regulation S-X Rule 4-10.
In December 2008, the SEC released the final rule for “Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting” (Modernization). The Modernization disclosure requirements will permit reporting of oil and natural gas reserves using an average price based upon the prior 12-month period rather than year-end prices and the use of new technologies to determine proved reserves, if those technologies have been demonstrated to result in reliable conclusions about reserves volumes. Companies will also be allowed to disclose probable and possible reserves in SEC filed documents. In addition, companies will be required to report the independence and qualifications of its reserves preparer or auditor and file reports when a third party is relied upon to prepare reserves estimates or conduct a reserves audit. The Modernization disclosure requirements become effective for our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
The following table presents certain information as of December 31, 2008 for all of our proved reserves and properties:
| | Estimated Net Reserves | | | Estimated Future Net Revenue | |
| | Oil and Condensate | | | Natural Gas | | | Discounted at 10% Per Year | |
Proved Reserve Category: | | (MBbl) | | | (MMcf) | | | (in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Proved Reserves at Year End: | | | | | | | | | |
Developed | | | | | | | | | |
Producing | | | 266.25 | | | | 426.93 | | | $ | 4,782.13 | |
Nonproducing | | | 13.16 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 100.03 | |
Behind Pipe | | | 70.88 | | | | 1,188.42 | | | | 4,920.35 | |
Undeveloped | | | 2,727.52 | | | | 10,465.24 | | | | 60,522.58 | |
Total Proved | | | 3,077.82 | | | | 12,080.60 | | | $ | 70,325.10 | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
Proved Reserves Category (MBoe): | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Developed | | | | | | |
Producing | | | 337.4 | | | | 501.2 | |
Nonproducing | | | 13.16 | | | | 15.6 | |
Behind Pipe | | | 268.9 | | | | - | |
Undeveloped | | | 4,471.7 | | | | 64.6 | |
Total Proved (MBoe) | | | 5,091.1 | | | | 581.4 | |
Average price per unit: | | | | | | | | |
Natural Gas (per Mcf) | | $ | 5.71 | | | $ | 6.79 | |
Oil (per Bbl) | | $ | 44.60 | | | $ | 92.50 | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
Proved Reserves Category (MBoe): | | 2008(1) | | | 2007(1) | |
| | | | | | |
Oil (MBbl) | | | 3,077.8 | | | | 388.7 | |
Natural Gas (MMcf) | | | 12,080.6 | | | | 1,156.4 | |
Combined Proved (MBoe) | | | 5,091.1 | | | | 581.4 | |
SEC PV-10 Value (in millions) | | $ | 70.3 | | | $ | 18.2 | |
| | | | | | | | |
(1) | The oil reserves shown include oil and condensate. Oil volumes are expressed in barrels (Bbl) or thousand barrels (MBbl); a barrel is equivalent to 42 United States gallons. Natural gas volumes are expressed in thousands of standard cubic feet (Mcf) at the contract temperature and pressure bases. The term MBoe which is defined as thousands of barrels of equivalent oil is also used and is calculated by converting natural gas volumes to oil volumes at the ratio of 6:1. |
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following table shows our reconciliation of our standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows to our PV-10 (the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP). PV-10 is our estimate of the present value of future net revenues from estimated proved natural gas reserves after deducting estimated production and ad valorem taxes, future capital costs and operating expenses, but before deducting any estimates of future income taxes. The estimated future net revenues are discounted at an annual rate of 10% to determine their "present value." We believe PV-10 to be an important measure for evaluating the relative significance of our oil and natural gas properties and that the presentation of the non-GAAP financial measure of PV-10 provides useful information to investors because it is widely used by professional analysts and sophisticated investors in evaluating oil and natural gas companies. Because there are many unique factors that can impact an individual company when estimating the amount of future income taxes to be paid, we believe the use of a pre-tax measure is valuable for evaluating our company. We believe that most other companies in the oil and natural gas industry calculate PV-10 on the same basis. PV-10 should not be considered as an alternative to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows as computed under GAAP.
| | At December 31, |
(in thousands) | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
PV-10 Value | | $ | 70,325.1 | | | $ | 18,244.7 | |
Future income taxes | | | (51,499.6 | ) | | | (8,591.0 | ) |
Discount of future income taxes at 10% per annum | | | 26,250.0 | | | | 3,021.3 | |
Standardized measure | | $ | 45,075.1 | | | $ | 12,675.0 | |
Operational Overview
We operate exclusively in the oil and natural gas industry. We generally sell our products based on current market prices to our customer under contracts that range from month-to-month to up to a year. For the year ended December 31, 2008, sales of oil, natural gas and NGL’s to Texon Corporation, DCP Midstream Partners LP, Energy Transfer Partners, LP, and Shell Trading (US) Company accounted for approximately 70%, 13%, 3%, and 2%, respectively, of our total revenue, or 88% in the aggregate. If we were to lose any one of our major oil and natural gas purchasers, the loss could temporarily cease or delay production and sale of our oil and natural gas. Although we believe that we are not dependent upon any one customer, in the event one of our major customers is unwilling or unable to purchase our production, we believe we could readily identify a substitute purchaser. Sales are generally made pursuant to contracts that vary in length from a month-to-month basis to one year. The prices are typically tied to West Texas Intermediate crude and Houston Ship Channel natural gas commodity futures trading prices.
Competition
We are a small independent oil and natural gas exploration and production company and we face competition from other oil and natural gas companies in all aspects of our business, including acquisition of producing properties and oil and natural gas leases, and obtaining goods, services and labor. Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources. Factors that affect our ability to acquire properties include available funds, available information about the property and our standards established for minimum projected return on investment. Many of these companies explore for, produce and market oil and natural gas, carry on refining operations and market the resultant products on a worldwide basis. The primary areas in which we encounter substantial competition are in locating and acquiring desirable leasehold acreage for our drilling operations, locating and acquiring attractive producing oil and natural gas properties, and obtaining purchasers and transporters of the oil and natural gas we produce. There is also competition between producers of oil and natural gas and other industries producing alternative energy and fuel. Furthermore, competitive conditions may be substantially affected by various forms of energy legislation and/or regulation considered from time to time by the government of the United States; however, it is not possible to predict the nature of any such legislation or regulation that may ultimately be adopted or its effects upon our future operations. Such laws and regulations may, however, substantially increase the costs of exploring for, developing or producing natural gas and oil and may prevent or delay the commencement or continuation of a given operation. The effect of these risks cannot be accurately predicted.
Operational Risks
Oil and natural gas exploration and development involves a high degree of risk, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. There is no assurance that we will discover or acquire additional oil and natural gas in commercial quantities. Oil and natural gas operations also involve the risk that well fires, blowouts, equipment failure, human error and other circumstances that may cause accidental leakage of toxic or hazardous materials, such as petroleum liquids or drilling fluids into the environment, or cause significant injury to persons or property may occur. In such event, substantial liabilities to third parties or governmental entities may be incurred, the payment of which could substantially reduce available cash and possibly result in loss of oil and natural gas properties. Such hazards may also cause damage to or destruction of wells, producing formations, production facilities and pipeline or other processing facilities. We are not aware of any of these instances that have occurred to date for which a liability should be accrued. As is common in the oil and natural gas industry, we will not be insured fully against all risks associated with our business either because such insurance is not available or because premium costs are considered prohibitive. A loss not fully covered by insurance could have a materially adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. For further discussion on risks see section titled “Risk Factors” set forth in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
As is customary in the oil and natural gas industry, we have a dedicated land department that generally conducts a preliminary review of title records, which may include opinions or reports of appropriate professionals or counsel, is made at the time we acquire properties. We believe that our title to all of the various interests set forth above is satisfactory and consistent with the standards generally accepted in the oil and natural gas industry, subject only to immaterial exceptions that do not detract substantially from the value of the interests or materially interfere with their use in our operations. The interests owned by us may be subject to one or more royalty, overriding royalty, and other outstanding interests (including disputes related to such interests) customary in the industry. The interests may additionally be subject to obligations or duties under applicable laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, and orders of arbitral or governmental authorities. In addition, the interests may be subject to burdens such as production payments, net profits interests, liens incident to operating agreements and current taxes, development obligations under oil and natural gas leases, and other encumbrances, easements, and restrictions, none of which detract substantially from the value of the interests or materially interfere with their use in our operations. Prior to the commencement of drilling operations, we conduct a thorough title examination and perform curative work with respect to significant defects. To the extent title opinions or other investigations reflect title defects on those properties, we are typically responsible for curing any title defects prior to commencing drilling operations. Prior to completing an acquisition of producing natural gas leases, we perform title reviews on the most significant leases and, depending on the materiality of properties, we may obtain a title opinion or review previously obtained title opinions. As a result, we have obtained title opinions on a significant portion of our oil and natural gas properties and believe that we have satisfactory title to our producing properties in accordance with standards generally accepted in the oil and natural gas industry.
Seasonal Nature of Business
Seasonal weather conditions and lease stipulations can limit the drilling and producing activities and other operations in regions of the United States where we operate. Weather conditions affect the demand for, and prices of, oil and natural gas and can also delay drilling activities, disrupting our overall business plans. Demand for natural gas typically decreases during the summer months and increases during the winter months. Seasonal anomalies such as mild winters or hot summers sometimes lessen this fluctuation. The demand for oil is generally determined at a global level, based on supply shortage concerns driven primarily by natural disasters such as hurricanes and by political instability in certain oil producing regions of the world.
Governmental and Environmental Regulation
Domestic exploration and production of oil and natural gas are extensively regulated at both the federal, state and local levels. Legislation affecting the oil and natural gas industry is under constant review for amendment or expansion, frequently increasing the regulatory burden. Also, numerous departments and agencies, both federal and state, are authorized by statute to issue, and have issued, rules and regulations binding on the oil and natural gas industry that often are costly to comply with and that carry substantial penalties for failure to comply. In addition, production operations are affected by changing tax and other laws relating to the petroleum industry, constantly changing administrative regulations and possible interruptions or termination by government authorities.
Thus, the operation of our properties is subject to extensive and continually changing regulation affecting the oil and natural gas industry. Many departments and agencies, federal, state and local, are authorized by statute to issue, and have issued, rules and regulations binding on the oil and natural gas industry and its individual participants. The failure to comply with such rules and regulations can result in substantial penalties. The regulatory burden on the oil and natural gas industry increases its cost of doing business and, consequently, affects its profitability.
Transportation and Sale of Natural Gas
The interstate transportation and sale for resale of natural gas is subject to federal regulation, including transportation rates and various other matters, by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”). Federal wellhead price controls on all domestic natural gas were terminated on January 1, 1992 and none of our natural gas sales prices are currently subject to FERC regulation. We cannot predict the impact of future government regulation on any natural gas operations.
Regulation of Production
The production of oil and natural gas is subject to regulation under a wide range of federal, state and local statutes, rules, orders and regulations. State and federal statutes and regulations require permits for drilling operations, drilling bonds, and reports concerning operations. Texas, the state in which we own properties, has regulations governing conservation matters, including provisions for the unitization or pooling of oil and natural gas properties, the establishment of maximum rates of production from oil and natural gas wells, the spacing of wells, and the plugging and abandonment of wells and removal of related production equipment. Texas also restricts production to the market demand for oil and natural gas. These regulations can limit the amount of oil and natural gas which can be produced from our wells, limit the number of wells, or limit the locations at which we can conduct drilling operations. Moreover, each state generally imposes a production or severance tax with respect to production and sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids within its jurisdiction.
Environmental Regulations
Operation of our properties is subject to numerous stringent and complex laws and regulations at the federal, state and local levels governing the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to human health and environmental protection. These laws and regulations may, among other things, require acquisition of a permit before drilling or development commences, restrict the types, quantities and concentrations of various materials that can be released into the environment in connection with development and production activities, and limit or prohibit construction or drilling activities in certain ecologically sensitive and other protected areas. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations or to obtain or comply with permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, imposition of remedial requirements and the imposition of injunctions to force future compliance. Our business and prospects could be adversely affected to the extent laws are enacted or other governmental action is taken that prohibits or restricts our development and production activities or imposes environmental protection requirements that result in increased costs to us or the oil and natural gas industry in general.
Oil and natural gas exploration and production activities on federal lands are subject to the National Environmental Policy Act, or NEPA. NEPA requires federal agencies, including the Department of Interior and various other federal, state, and local environmental, zoning, health and safety agencies, to evaluate major agency actions having the potential to significantly impact the environment human, animal and plant health, and affect our operations and costs. In recent years, environmental regulations have taken a cradle-to-grave approach to waste management, regulating and creating liabilities for the waste at its inception to final disposition. Exploration, development and production of our properties are subject to numerous environmental programs, some of which include solid and hazardous waste management, water protection, air emission controls and controls affecting wetlands, coastal operations and antiquities.
In the course of evaluations, an agency will have an Environmental Assessment prepared that assesses the potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts of a proposed project and, if necessary, will prepare a more detailed Environmental Impact Statement that may be made available for public review and comment. All of the current exploration and production activities on our properties, as well as proposed exploration and development plans, on federal lands require governmental permits that are subject to the requirements of NEPA. This process has the potential to delay the development of our oil and natural gas projects.
In addition, environmental programs typically regulate the permitting, construction and operations of a facility. Many factors, including public perception, can materially impact the ability to secure an environmental construction or operation permit. Once operational, enforcement measures can include significant civil penalties for regulatory violations regardless of intent. Under appropriate circumstances, an administrative agency can request a cease and desist order to terminate operations.
We conduct development and production activities designed to comply with all applicable environmental regulations, permits and lease conditions, including, monitoring subcontractors for environmental compliance. While we believe operations of our properties conform to those conditions, we remain at risk for inadvertent noncompliance, conditions beyond our control and undetected conditions resulting from activities by prior owners or other operators. Pursuant to industry customs, we obtain insurance policy coverage for each of the participants in a particular project at a level of coverage that is commensurate with the potential loss.
Waste Handling
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, and comparable state statutes, affect oil and natural gas exploration and production activities by imposing regulations on the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and cleanup of “hazardous wastes” and on the disposal of non-hazardous wastes. Under the auspices of the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, the individual states administer some or all of the provisions of RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent requirements. Drilling fluids, produced waters, and most of the other wastes associated with the exploration, development, and production of oil, natural gas, or geothermal energy constitute “solid wastes,” which are regulated under the less stringent non-hazardous waste provisions, but there is no guarantee that the EPA or the individual states will not adopt more stringent requirements for the handling of non-hazardous wastes or categorize some non-hazardous wastes as hazardous for future regulation. Indeed, legislation has been proposed from time to time in Congress to re-categorize certain oil and natural gas exploration and production wastes as “hazardous wastes”.
We believe that we are currently in substantial compliance with the requirements of RCRA and related state and local laws and regulations, and that they hold all necessary and up-to-date permits, registrations and other authorizations to the extent that our operations require them under such laws. We may be required in the future to make substantial outlays to comply with environmental laws and regulations. The additional changes in operating procedures and expenditures required to comply with future laws dealing with the protection of the environment cannot be predicted.
Occupational Safety
In the conduct of our activities, our operations will be subject to the requirements of the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and comparable state statutes. The OSHA hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know regulations under Title III of the federal Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization
Act and similar state statutes require us to organize information about hazardous materials used, released or produced in its operations. Certain of this information must be provided to employees, state and local governmental authorities and local citizens. We are also subject to the requirements and reporting set forth in OSHA workplace standards.
Insurance
We maintain insurance on our properties and operations for risks and in amounts customary in the industry. Such insurance includes general liability, excess liability, control of well, operators extra expense and casualty coverage. Not all losses are insured, and we retain certain risks of loss through deductibles, limits and self-retentions.
Executive Officers of the Company
Name | | Age | | Position |
Michael J. Pawelek | | 50 | | Chairman, President and CEO |
Wayne A. Psencik | | 45 | | Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer |
Sherry L. Spurlock | | 47 | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
Theodore J. Wicks | | 40 | | Executive Vice President, Corporate Development |
Robert W. Kuehner | | 60 | | Vice President, Land Management |
Edward B. Shaw | | 46 | | Vice President, Operations |
Mr. Michael J. Pawelek has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company since November 2007 and serves on the Board’s Executive committee. He has been Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company since June 2008. In 1981, Mr. Pawelek began his career as a geophysicist focused on the Austin Chalk trend with Clayton Williams Company through 1985. From 1985 to 1989 he was employed by TXO Production Corporation as a district geophysicist. In 1989, he founded CPX Petroleum, which drilled over 60 wells under his management. From 1991 to 1999, he founded and was the Chief Executive Officer of Universal Seismic Associates, Inc., which generated annual revenue of $65 million and had over 400 employees. From 1999 to 2001, he served as Vice President of Operations of Amenix USA, Inc., a private exploration and production company focused on oil and natural gas exploration in Louisiana. From 2001 to 2004, he held a similar position at IBC Petroleum, managing the company’s assets while seeking financial partners. From 2004 to 2007 he was President of BOSS Exploration & Production Corporation, a privately held Gulf Coast production company. Immediately prior to joining the Company as its CEO, Mr. Pawelek served as President of Sonterra Resources, Inc., a company that has oil and natural gas assets in Texas state waters in Matagorda Bay. Mr. Pawelek received a BS degree in Engineering from Texas A&M University.
Mr. Wayne A. Psencik is the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and has served in such capacity since June 2008. Mr. Psencik previously served as Vice President of Operations at Sonterra Resources, Inc. and its predecessor companies, from April 2007 through June 2008. From 2005 to 2007, he held the position of Vice President of Operations of Boss Exploration & Production Corporation. From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Psencik served as an engineer and drilling manager at El Paso Production Company, where he was responsible for the design and implementation of drilling and completion operations and the supervision of staff engineers in the Gulf of Mexico unit. From 1999 to 2001 he was a consulting drilling engineer for Coastal Oil and Gas Company focused in the Gulf of Mexico. Mr. Psencik served as district manager from 1996 to 1999 for Chesapeake Operating Company for its southern division. From 1994 to 1996, Mr. Psencik held positions of drilling engineer for Chesapeake Operating Company, focusing on horizontal drilling in Texas and Louisiana. From 1991 to 1994, he was a drilling engineer working Gulf of Mexico projects for AGIP Petroleum. Mr. Psencik earned his BS degree in petroleum engineering from Texas A&M University.
Ms. Sherry L. Spurlock is the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and has served in such capacity since June 2008. Prior to joining our Company, Ms. Spurlock served as Chief Financial Officer of Sonterra Resources, Inc. and its predecessor companies, from April 2007 through June 2008. From 2005 to 2007, she was the Chief Financial Officer of Boss Exploration & Production Corporation, where she was responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and other financial and accounting matters. From 2000 to 2005, Ms. Spurlock was the controller and held various other financial positions with United Oil & Minerals, LP, a private oil and natural gas exploration company. From 1992 to 2000, Ms. Spurlock served as Controller at Brigham Exploration Company, an Austin, Texas-based publicly traded exploration and production company. While at Brigham, she was responsible for the SEC reporting and internal management reporting among other audit and accounting systems management. Prior to that, she held accounting positions at private and public oil and natural gas companies and began her career as an accountant at Deloitte, Haskins and Sells. Ms. Spurlock is a certified public accountant and holds a BBA degree in accounting from Stephen F. Austin State University.
Mr. Theodore J. Wicks is the Executive Vice President of Corporate Development and has served in such capacity since October 2008. Prior to joining our Company, Mr. Wicks was a Managing Director with Petro Capital Securities, LLC (“PCS”), a Dallas-based energy investment bank, since 2007. Mr. Wicks’ responsibilities at PCS included client coverage and leading the structuring and execution of a wide variety of M&A, strategic advisory and capital markets transactions for clients across all sectors of the energy industry. Prior to PCS, Mr. Wicks was a Vice President in the energy investment banking group of First Albany Capital. From 2006 to 2007, Mr. Wicks was a Vice President in the energy investment banking group of Sanders Morris Harris. From 2004 to 2005, Mr. Wicks was a Director in the Equity Capital Markets group at KeyBanc Capital Markets, and from 1999 through 2003, Mr. Wicks was a Vice President in the Equity Capital Markets group of RBC Capital Markets. Mr. Wicks earned his Masters of Business Administration in Finance and Bachelor of Arts with Accounting and Finance concentrations from the University of St. Thomas.
Mr. Robert W. Kuehner is the Vice President of Land Management and has served in such capacity since August 2008. From 1985 to 2008, Mr. Kuehner formed Bob Kuehner & Co., an independent oil and natural gas broker company. From 1983 to 1985, Mr. Kuehner was a District Landman for Clayton Williams Company covering their Giddings field Austin Chalk play. From 1981 to 1983, Mr. Kuehner joined Hilliard Oil and Gas Co. managing all exploration and land activities for their San Antonio and Midland offices. From 1979 to 1981, he held the position of District Landman for Suburban Propane Gas in San Antonio, Texas. From 1970 to 1975, Mr. Kuehner worked as a landman covering East Texas and South Texas activities for Union Oil Company of California in both their Houston and Corpus Christi offices. Mr. Kuehner has 39 years of experience in the oil and natural gas industry and holds a BBA degree in Petroleum Land Management from University of Texas.
Mr. Edward B. Shaw is the Vice President of Operations and has served in such capacity since June 2008. From December 2005 to June 2008, Mr. Shaw served as Chief Operating Officer for the Company. Mr. Shaw is trained as an electrical engineer with over 10 years of energy related experience in Saudi Arabia. While in Saudi Arabia, Mr. Shaw researched and developed methods of monitoring oil and natural gas wells to optimize production, including using existing products integrated with emerging telemetry technologies. Mr. Shaw has a HND degree in electrical engineering.
Employees
As of December 31, 2008, we employed approximately 15 personnel. We believe that our relationship with our employees is satisfactory. None of our employees are represented by labor unions or covered by any collective bargaining agreement.
Principal Executive Offices
The Company is a Nevada incorporated company with headquarters in San Antonio, Texas. Our principal offices are located at 300 East Sonterra Boulevard, Suite 1220, San Antonio, Texas 78258, telephone number (210) 545-5994, fax number (210) 545-3317. We also maintain a field exploration and/or production office in Giddings, Texas.
The Company’s internet website is www.southtexasoil.com. Information on the Company’s website should not be considered a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Corporate Governance Matters
Our website is www.southtexasoil.com. Under the Corporate Governance tab interested parties may find copies of our Audit Committee Charter, our Compensation and Human Resources Committee Charter, our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee Charter, our Corporate Governance Policy, and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.
Access to Company Reports
For further information pertaining to us, interested parties may inspect without charge at the public reference facilities of the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549 any of our filings with the SEC. Copies of all or any portion of the documents may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information that is filed electronically with the SEC. The website can be accessed at www.sec.gov.
Forward Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” that represent our beliefs, projections and predictions about future events. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements,” including any projections of earnings, revenue or other financial items, any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations, any statements concerning proposed new projects or other developments, any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance, any statements of management’s beliefs, goals, strategies, intentions and objectives, and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar expressions, as well as statements in the future tense, identify forward-looking statements.
These statements are necessarily subjective and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements described in or implied by such statements. Actual results may differ materially from expected results described in our forward-looking statements, including with respect to correct measurement and identification of factors affecting our business or the extent of their likely impact, the accuracy and completeness of the publicly available information with respect to the factors upon which our business strategy is based or the success of our business. Furthermore, industry forecasts are likely to be inaccurate, especially over long periods of time and in relatively new and rapidly developing industries such as oil and natural gas. Factors that may cause actual results, our performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements include without limitation:
| · | our ability to attract and retain management; |
| · | our business and growth strategies; |
| · | anticipated trends in our business; |
| · | our future results of operations; |
| · | our oil and natural gas reserve estimates; |
| · | our ability to make or integrate acquisitions; |
| · | our liquidity and ability to finance our exploration, acquisition and development activities; |
| · | the volatility in commodity prices for oil and natural gas; |
| · | our ability to successfully and economically explore for and develop oil and natural gas resources; |
| · | market conditions in the oil and natural gas industry; |
| · | the timing, cost and procedure for acquisitions; |
| · | the impact of government regulation; |
| · | estimates regarding future net revenues from oil and natural gas reserves and the present value thereof; |
| · | planned capital expenditures (including the amount and nature thereof); |
| · | increases or decreases in oil and natural gas production; |
| · | the number of wells we anticipate being drilled in the future; |
| · | estimates, plans and projections relating to acquired properties; |
| · | the number of potential drilling locations on lands in which we have an interest; |
| · | our financial position, business strategy and other plans and objectives for future operations; |
| · | the possibility that our acquisitions may involve unexpected costs; |
| · | the accuracy of internally estimated proved reserves; |
| · | the presence or recoverability of estimated oil and natural gas reserves; |
| · | the ability to replace oil and natural gas reserves; |
| · | the availability and costs of drilling rigs and other oilfield services; |
| · | exploration and development risks; |
| · | the ability of our management team to execute its plans to meet its goals; and |
| · | other economic, competitive, governmental, legislative, regulatory, geopolitical and technological factors that may negatively impact our businesses, operations and pricing. |
Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results, and will not necessarily be accurate indications of whether, or the times by which, our performance or results may be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time those statements are made and management’s belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those factors discussed under the headings “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Business” and elsewhere in this report. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this annual report. We do not intend to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.
Current Economic Conditions
The recent worldwide financial and credit crisis has reduced the availability of liquidity and credit to fund the continuation and expansion of many business operations. The shortage of liquidity and credit combined with recent substantial losses in equity markets has led to a worldwide economic recession. The slowdown in economic activity caused by such recession has reduced worldwide demand for energy resulting in lower oil and natural gas prices. Oil prices declined from record levels in early July 2008 of over $140 per barrel to below $40 per barrel in December 2008, while natural gas prices have declined from over $13 per Mcf to below $6 per Mcf over the same period.
Lower oil and natural gas prices not only decrease our revenues but also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can produce economically over the life of the wells, and therefore lower our oil and natural gas reserves recorded in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC. A substantial or extended decline in oil or natural gas prices may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or ability to finance planned capital expenditures. Our current working capital and commodity prices received from production are insufficient to fund our 2009 budget, and as a result we may be required to reduce capital spending, issue equity or debt, sell a portion of our properties, or enter into joint ventures.
Securities Act Disclaimer
This Form 10-K does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business activities and the value of our securities are subject to significant hazards and risks, including those described below. You should carefully consider the risks described below as well as other information provided to you in this document, including information in the section of this document entitled “Information Regarding Forward Looking Statements.” The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected, the value of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks relating to our securities may be included in the prospectuses for securities we issue in the future.
Risks Related to Our Business
We have incurred significant losses and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.
In the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we incurred net losses after taxation of approximately $19.7 million and $6.6 million, respectively. There is no assurance that we will be able to successfully achieve an increase in production and reserves so as to operate in a profitable manner. If the business of oil and natural gas well exploration and development slows, and commodity prices notably decline, our margins and profitability will suffer. We are unable to predict whether our operating results will be profitable. Our operations have consumed a substantial amount of cash since inception. We expect to continue to spend substantial amounts to:
| · | identify and exploit oil and natural gas opportunities; |
| · | maintain and increase the company’s human resource including full time and consultant resources; |
| · | evaluate drilling opportunities; |
| · | identify acquisition candidates; and |
| · | evaluate future projects and areas for long term development. |
We expect to have increased cash requirements to fund our operations and growth.
We expect that our cash requirement for operations will increase significantly over the next several years. We will be required to raise additional capital to meet anticipated needs. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:
| · | success of ongoing operations; |
| · | forward commodity prices; and |
| · | operating costs (including human resource costs). |
The growth of our business will require substantial capital on a continuing basis. We use debt to fund a portion of our acquisition activities and we will likely use debt to fund a portion of our future acquisition activities. To date, our sources of cash for operations have also been primarily limited to the issuance of debt and the sale of equity securities. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. To the extent that we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities or securities that are convertible or exchangeable for shares of our common stock, our stockholders may experience significant dilution. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants that impact our ability to conduct our business. If we are unable to raise additional capital, when required, or on acceptable terms, our growth will be limited and we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue our operations, or cause our business to fail in its entirety.
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness, which may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business, remain in compliance with debt covenants and make payments on our debt.
As of December 31, 2008, our total secured debt was approximately $41.3 million. We also have various commitments for operating leases, drilling contracts and transportation and purchase obligations for services and products. Our level of debt could have important consequences, including the following: it may be more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness, and any failure to comply with the obligations of any of our debt agreements, including financial and other restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default under the indenture with Longview Marquis Master Fund, governing our senior notes and the agreements governing our other indebtedness; we may have difficulty borrowing money in the future for acquisitions, capital expenditures or to meet our operating expenses or other general corporate obligations; the amount of our interest expense may increase because certain of our borrowings are at variable rates of interest; we will need to use a substantial portion of our cash flows to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the amount of money we have for operations, working capital, capital expenditures, expansion, acquisitions or general corporate or other business activities; we may have a higher level of debt than some of our competitors, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage; we may be more vulnerable to economic downturns and adverse developments in our industry or the economy in general, especially declines in oil and natural gas prices; and our debt level could limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate.
Our ability to meet our expenses and debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will be unable to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions and governmental regulation. We cannot be certain that our earnings will be sufficient to allow us to pay the principal and interest on our debt and meet our other obligations. For instance, approximately $7.0 million of our debt matures and becomes payable on September 2009 and approximately $34.3 million of our notes outstanding under our credit facility mature and becomes payable on December 2009. We believe that based on our current production levels and prices for oil and natural gas, our cash flows from operations, may not be sufficient to fully repay the debt when due without further reductions in our capital expenditure levels or non-strategic asset sales. If we do not have enough money to service our debt, we may be required but unable to refinance all or part of our existing debt, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Further, failing to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our credit agreements and the Indenture governing our senior notes could result in an event of default, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may incur substantially more debt, which may intensify the risks described herein, including our ability to service our indebtedness.
Together with our subsidiaries, we may incur substantially more debt in the future in connection with our acquisition, development, exploitation and exploration of oil and natural gas producing properties. The restrictions in our debt agreements on our incurrence of additional indebtedness are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and under certain circumstances, indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. Also, these restrictions do not prevent us from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness. To the extent new indebtedness is added to our current indebtedness levels, the risks described above could substantially increase.
Restrictive debt covenants could limit our growth and our ability to finance our operations, fund our capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in our best interests.
As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $41.3 million of total secured debt outstanding under our credit facility and senior secured notes. Our credit facility and senior secured notes generally contain customary covenants, including, among others, provisions relating to the maintenance of the oil and natural gas properties securing the debt; and restricting our ability to assign or further encumber the properties securing the debt. In addition, our credit facility requires us to maintain certain financial and production covenants.
As of the date of this report, we were in compliance with all such covenants. If we were to breach any of our debt covenants and not cure the breach within any applicable cure period, the lender could require us to repay the debt immediately, if that should occur, we may be unable to pay all such debt or to borrow sufficient funds to refinance it. Even if new financing were then available, it may not be on terms that are acceptable to us. To the extent such debt is secured, upon default the lender could immediately begin proceedings to take possession of the properties securing the credit facility. Any such property loss would materially and adversely affect our cash flow and results of operations.
The global financial and credit crisis and any associated prolonged decline in the price of oil and natural gas will likely limit our access to liquidity and credit and curtail our ability to fund our planned exploration, developments, and production activity, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The global financial and credit crisis has reduced the availability of liquidity and credit to fund the continuation and expansion of industrial business operations worldwide. Significant write-offs in the financial services sector, the repricing of credit risk and the current weak economic conditions have made it difficult, and will likely continue to make financing difficult. As a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets generally and the solvency of counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets generally has increased as many lenders and institutional investors have increased interest rates and enacted tighter lending standards. As a result of the current credit environment, we may be unable to obtain additional funding under our existing credit agreements. In addition, the current disruption in the financial markets has reduced the likelihood that we could successfully issue common stock or other equity-related securities to fund our operations and growth.
The shortage of liquidity and credit combined with recent substantial losses in worldwide equity markets has lead to an extended national or global economic recession. A slowdown in economic activity caused by a recession would likely reduce national and worldwide demand for energy and result in lower oil and natural gas prices. Our revenues, cash flow and profitability and our ability to maintain or increase our borrowing capacity, to repay current or future indebtedness and to obtain additional capital on attractive terms depend substantially upon oil and natural gas prices. Prolonged decline in the price of oil and natural gas will likely limit our access to liquidity and credit and curtail our ability to fund our planned exploration, development, and production activity, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Oil and natural gas prices are volatile and low prices could have a material adverse impact on our business.
Our revenues, profitability and future growth and the carrying value of our properties depend substantially on prevailing oil and natural gas prices. Prices also affect the amount of cash flow available for capital expenditures and our ability to borrow and raise additional capital. The amount we will be able to borrow under any senior revolving credit facility will be subject to periodic redetermination based in part on changing expectations of future prices. Lower prices may also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can economically produce and have an adverse effect on the value of our properties. Prices for oil and natural gas have increased significantly and have been more volatile over the past twelve months. Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have been volatile, and they are likely to continue to be volatile in the future. Among the factors that can cause volatility are:
| · | the domestic and foreign supply of oil and natural gas; |
| · | the ability of members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC, and other producing countries to agree upon and maintain oil prices and production levels; |
| · | political instability, armed conflict or terrorist attacks, whether or not in oil or natural gas producing regions; |
| · | the selling price and production costs of gasoline; |
| · | the level of consumer product demand; |
| · | the growth of consumer product demand in emerging markets, such as China; |
| · | labor unrest in oil and natural gas producing regions; |
| · | weather conditions, including hurricanes and other natural disasters; |
| · | the price and availability of alternative fuels; |
| · | the price of foreign imports; |
| · | worldwide economic conditions; and |
| · | the availability of liquid natural gas imports. |
These external factors and the volatile nature of the energy markets make it difficult to estimate future prices of oil and natural gas and our ability to raise capital.
Oil and natural gas development, re-completion of wells from one reservoir to another reservoir, restoring wells to production and drilling and completing new wells are speculative activities and involve numerous risks and substantial and uncertain costs.
Our growth will be materially dependent upon the success of our future development program. Drilling for oil and natural gas and re-working existing wells involve numerous risks, including the risk that no commercially productive oil or natural gas reservoirs will be encountered. The cost of drilling, completing and operating wells is substantial and uncertain, and drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or cancelled as a result of a variety of factors beyond our control, including:
| · | unexpected drilling conditions; |
| · | pressure fluctuations or irregularities in formations; |
| · | equipment failures or accidents; |
| · | inability to obtain leases on economic terms, where applicable; |
| · | adverse weather conditions; |
| · | compliance with governmental requirements; and |
| · | shortages or delays in the availability of drilling rigs or crews and the delivery of equipment. |
Drilling or re-working is a highly speculative activity. Even when fully and correctly utilized, modern well completion techniques such as hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling do not guarantee that we will find oil and/or natural gas in our wells. Our future drilling activities may not be successful and, if unsuccessful, such failure would have an adverse affect on our future results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that our overall drilling success rate or our drilling success rate for activities within a particular geographic area will not decline. We may identify and develop prospects through a number of methods, some of which do not include hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, and some of which may be unproven. The drilling and results for these prospects may be particularly uncertain. Our drilling schedule and costs may vary from our capital budget. The final determination with respect to the drilling of any scheduled or budgeted prospects will be dependent on a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
| · | the results of previous development efforts and the acquisition, review and analysis of data; |
| · | the availability of sufficient capital resources to us and the other participants, if any, for the drilling of the prospects; |
| · | the approval of the prospects by other participants, if any, after additional data has been compiled; |
| · | economic and industry conditions at the time of drilling, including prevailing and anticipated prices for oil and natural gas and the availability of drilling rigs and crews; |
| · | our financial resources and results; |
| · | the availability of leases and permits on reasonable terms for the prospects; and |
| · | the success of our drilling technology. |
We cannot assure you that these projects can be successfully developed or that the wells discussed will, if drilled, encounter reservoirs of commercially productive oil or natural gas. There are numerous uncertainties in estimating quantities of proved reserves, including many factors beyond our control.
Unless we replace our oil and natural gas reserves, primarily oil reserves, our reserves and production will decline, which would adversely affect our cash flows and income.
Successful development and production of those reserves cannot be assured. Additional drilling or workovers will be necessary in future years both to maintain production levels and to define the extent and recoverability of existing reserves. Our present wells may not continue to produce at current or anticipated rates of production, development drilling may not be successful, production of oil or natural gas may not commence when expected, and there may be unfavorable markets for oil and natural gas produced in the future. If we are unable to develop or produce reserves for continued production at current rates, we may become unprofitable or cease business.
We are subject to complex laws and regulations that can adversely affect the cost, manner and feasibility of doing business.
Our operations are directly or indirectly subject to extensive and continually changing regulation affecting the oil and natural gas industry. Many departments and agencies, both federal, state and local, are authorized by statute to issue, and have issued, rules and regulations binding on the oil and natural gas industry and our individual participants. The failure to comply with such rules and regulations can result in substantial penalties. The regulatory burden on the oil and natural gas industry increases our cost of doing business and, consequently, affects our profitability.
If operations of our properties are found to be in violation of any of the laws and regulations to which we are subject, we may be subject to the applicable penalty associated with the violation, including civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines and the curtailment of operations. Any penalties, damages, fines or curtailment of operations, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results. In addition, many of these laws and regulations have not been fully interpreted by the regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of interpretations. Any action against us for violation of these laws or regulations, even if we successfully defend against it, could cause us to incur significant legal expenses and divert management’s attention from the operation of our business.
Our operations and properties are also subject to numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations specifically relating to environmental protection from the time projects commence until abandonment. These laws and regulations govern, among other things: the amounts and types of substances and materials that may be released; the issuance of permits in connection with exploration, drilling and production activities; the protection of endangered species; the release of emissions; the discharge and disposition of generated waste materials; offshore oil and natural gas operations; the reclamation and abandonment of wells and facility sites; and the remediation of contaminated sites. In addition, these laws and regulations may impose substantial liabilities for our failure to comply with them or for any contamination resulting from our operations. Future environmental laws and regulations, such as proposed legislation regulating climate change, may negatively impact our industry. The cost of meeting these requirements may have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are vulnerable to risks associated with operating in the shallow Texas state waters that could negatively impact our operations and financial results.
Our operations and financial results could be significantly impacted by conditions in the shallow Texas state waters because we explore and produce in that area. As a result of this activity, we are vulnerable to the risks associated with operating in the shallow Texas state waters, including those relating to: hurricanes and other adverse weather conditions; oil field service costs and availability; compliance with environmental and other laws and regulations; remediation and other costs resulting from oil spills or releases of hazardous materials; and failure of equipment or facilities. In addition, we are currently conducting some of our exploration in the shallow Texas state waters, where operations are more difficult and costly than on land. Further, production of reserves from reservoirs in the shallow Texas state waters generally declines more rapidly than from reservoirs in many other producing regions of the world. This results in recovery of a relatively higher percentage of reserves from properties in the shallow Texas state waters during the initial few years of production and, as a result, our reserve replacement needs from new prospects may be greater there than for our operations elsewhere. Also, our revenues and return on capital will depend significantly on prices prevailing during these relatively short production periods.
We may experience a financial loss if any of our significant customers fail to pay us for our oil or natural gas and to the extent these customers reduce the volumes they purchase from us.
We depend on certain key customers for sales of our oil, natural gas and NGL. For the year ended December 31, 2008, sales of oil, natural gas and NGLs to Texon Corporation, DCP Midstream Partners LP, Energy Transfer Partners, LP, and Shell Trading (US) Company accounted for approximately 70%, 13%, 3%, and 2%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenue, or 88% in the aggregate. Our ability to collect the proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas from our customers depends on the payment ability of these and other customers. If any one or more of our significant customers fails to pay us for any reason, we could experience a material loss. In addition, in recent years, a number of energy marketing and trading companies have discontinued their marketing and trading operations, which has significantly reduced the number of potential purchasers for our oil and natural gas production. This reduction in potential customers has reduced market liquidity and, in some cases, has made it difficult for us to identify creditworthy customers. We may experience a material loss as a result of the failure of our customers to pay us for prior purchases of our oil or natural gas. Furthermore, the loss of any significant customer may cause a temporary interruption in sales of, or a lower price for, our oil and natural gas that could have a significant negative impact on our business. If that were to happen, it may not be possible for us to immediately obtain replacement oil and natural gas purchasers as the industry is extremely competitive.
Many of our leases are in areas that have been partially depleted or drained by offset wells.
Many of our key project areas are located in the Giddings Field, which has produced approximately 1.6 billion Boe since drilling began there in the 1960’s. As a result, many of our leases are in areas that have already been partially depleted or drained by earlier offset drilling. This may inhibit our ability to find economically recoverable quantities of reserves in these areas. Our identified drilling location inventories are scheduled out over several years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling, resulting in temporarily lower cash from operations, which may impact our ability to pay distributions.
Our management has specifically identified and scheduled drilling locations as an estimation of our future multi-year drilling activities on our existing acreage. As of December 31, 2008, we had identified 27 lateral development well locations with redevelopment and re-completion potential on our leased acreage in the Giddings Field. These identified drilling locations represent a significant part of our growth strategy. Our ability to drill and develop these locations depends on a number of factors, including the availability of capital, seasonal conditions, regulatory approvals, oil, natural gas and NGL prices, costs and drilling results. Our final determination on whether to drill any of these drilling locations will be dependent upon the factors described above as well as, to some degree, the results of our drilling activities with respect to our proved drilling locations. Because of these uncertainties, we do not know if the numerous drilling locations we have identified will be drilled within our expected timeframe or will ever be drilled or if we will be able to produce oil, natural gas and NGL from these or any other potential drilling locations. As such, our actual drilling activities may materially differ from those presently identified, which could adversely affect our business.
Estimates of oil and natural gas reserves are uncertain and any material inaccuracies in these reserve estimates will materially affect the quantities and the value of our reserves.
This Annual Report contains estimates of our proved oil and natural gas reserves. These estimates are based upon various assumptions, including assumptions required by the SEC relating to oil and natural gas prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is complex. This process requires significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data for each reservoir.
Actual future production, oil and natural gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves will vary from those estimated. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and the value of our reserves. Our properties may also be susceptible to hydrocarbon drainage from production by other operators on adjacent properties. In addition, we may adjust estimates of proved reserves to reflect production history, results of exploration and development, prevailing oil and natural gas prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Although we have prepared estimates of these oil and natural gas reserves and the costs associated with development of these reserves in accordance with SEC regulations, we cannot assure you that the estimated costs or estimated reserves are accurate, that development will occur as scheduled or that the actual results will be as estimated. Accordingly, reserve estimates may be subject to downward or upward adjustment. The information regarding discounted future net cash flows included in this report should not be considered as the current market value of the estimated oil and natural gas reserves attributable to our properties. As required by the SEC, the estimated discounted future net cash flows from proved reserves are based on prices and costs as of the date of the estimate, while actual future prices and costs may be materially higher or lower. Actual future net cash flows also will be affected by factors such as the amount and timing of actual production, supply and demand for oil and natural gas, increases or decreases in consumption, and changes in governmental regulations or taxation. In addition, the 10% discount factor, which is required by the SEC to be used in calculating discounted future net cash flows for reporting purposes, is not necessarily the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates in effect from time to time and risks associated with us or the oil and natural gas industry in general.
Future hedging activities may prevent us from realizing the benefits in oil or natural gas price increases.
As of the date of this report, we have no hedge positions in place. All hedge positions were closed out in December 2008. However, in an attempt to reduce our sensitivity to oil and natural gas price volatility, in the future we may enter into hedging transactions which may include fixed price swaps, price collars, puts and other derivatives. In a typical hedge transaction, we may fix the price, a floor or a range, on a portion of our production over a predetermined period of time. There are numerous risks associated with hedging activities such as the risk that reserves are not produced at rates equivalent to the hedged position, and the risk that production and transportation cost assumptions used in determining an acceptable hedge could be substantially different from the actual cost. In addition, the counter-party to the hedge may become unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under hedging contracts, and we could incur a material adverse financial effect if there is any significant non-performance. While intended to reduce the effects of oil and natural gas price volatility, hedging transactions may limit potential gains earned by us from oil and natural gas price increases and may expose us to the risk of financial loss in certain circumstances, including instances in which our production is less than the hedged volumes, there is a widening of price basis differentials between delivery points for our production and the delivery point assumed in the hedge arrangement, or a sudden unexpected event materially impacts oil and natural gas prices. Engaging in hedging activities may prevent us from realizing the benefits of price increases above the levels of the hedges during certain time periods
We may be unable to effectively maintain our oil and natural gas exploration business.
Timely, effective and successful oil and natural gas exploration and production is essential to maintaining our reputation as an oil and natural gas exploration and production company. Lack of opportunities or success may significantly affect our viability. The principal components of our operating costs include salaries paid to corporate staff, costs of retention of qualified independent engineers and geologists, annual system maintenance and rental costs, insurance, transportation costs and substantial equipment and machinery costs. Because the majority of these expenses are fixed, a reduction in the number of successful oil exploration projects, failures in discovery of new opportunities or termination of ongoing projects will result in lower revenues and margins. Prior success in exploration or production of wells does not guarantee future success in similar ventures; thus, our revenues could decline and our ability to effectively engage in oil recovery business would be harmed.
Loss of key executives and failure to attract qualified managers, technologists, independent engineers and geologists could limit our growth and negatively impact our operations.
We depend upon our management team to a substantial extent. In particular, we depend upon Mr. Michael J. Pawelek, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Wayne A. Psencik, our Chief Operating Officer, Ms. Sherry L. Spurlock, our Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Theodore J. Wicks, our Executive Vice President of Corporate Development, Mr. Robert W. Kuehner, our Vice President of Land Management, and Mr. Edward D. Shaw, our Vice President of Operations, for their skills, experience, and knowledge of the company and industry contacts. The loss of any of these executives, or other members of our management team, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
As we grow, we may increasingly require field managers with experience in our industry and skilled engineers, geologists and technologists to operate our diagnostic, seismic and 3D equipment. It is impossible to predict the availability of qualified managers, technologists, skilled engineers and geologists or the compensation levels that will be required to hire them. In particular, there is a very high demand for qualified technologists who are particularly necessary to operate systems similar to the ones that we operate. We may not be able to hire and retain a sufficient number of technologists, engineers and geologists and we may be required to pay bonuses and higher independent contractor rates to our technologists, engineers and geologists which would increase our expenses. The loss of the services of any member of our senior management or our inability to hire qualified managers, technologists, skilled engineers and geologists at economically reasonable compensation levels could adversely affect our ability to operate and grow our business.
We will need to increase the size of our organization, and may experience difficulties in managing growth.
We are a small company with 15 employees as of December 31, 2008. We expect to experience a period of expansion in headcount, facilities, infrastructure and overhead and anticipate that further expansion will be required to address potential growth and market opportunities. Future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including the need to identify, recruit, maintain and integrate additional independent contractors and managers. Our future financial performance and our ability to compete effectively will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any future growth effectively.
Assets we acquire may prove to be worth less than we paid because of uncertainties in evaluating recoverable reserves and potential liabilities.
We expect acquisitions will contribute to our future growth, but we cannot assure that we will recover the costs we incur in acquiring oil and natural gas properties. Successful acquisitions require an assessment of a number of factors, including estimates of recoverable reserves, exploration potential, future oil and natural gas prices, operating and capital costs and potential environmental and other liabilities. Such assessments are inexact and their accuracy is inherently uncertain. There can be no assurance that any properties we acquire will be economically produced or developed. Re-engineering operations pose the risk that anticipated benefits, which may include reserve additions, production rate improvements or lower recurring operating expenses, may not be achieved, or that actual results obtained may not be sufficient to recover investments.
In connection with our assessments of the properties we acquire, we perform a review which we believe is generally consistent with industry practices. However, such a review will not reveal all existing or potential problems. In addition, our review may not permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and capabilities. We do not inspect every well. Even when we inspect a well, we do not always discover structural, subsurface and environmental problems that may exist or arise. We may not be able to obtain contractual indemnities from the seller for the liabilities that it created, or we may be required to assume the risk of the physical condition of the properties in addition to the risk that the properties may not perform in accordance with our expectations. Even if a seller agrees to provide indemnity, the indemnity may not be fully enforceable and may be limited by floors and caps on such indemnity. The indemnifications we received in the Leexus Acquisition are subject to floors, caps and time limitations and do not cover all these types of risks.
As a result of these factors, we may not be able to acquire oil and natural gas properties that contain economically recoverable reserves or be able to complete such acquisitions on acceptable terms.
We may have write-downs of our asset values, which could negatively affect our results of operations and net worth.
We follow the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil and natural gas properties. We are required to periodically review our oil and gas assets for impairment. If oil, natural gas and NGLs prices remain depressed or continue to decline, we may be required to write-down the value of our oil and natural gas properties. Such non-cash asset impairments could negatively affect our results of operations
Title to the properties in which we have an interest may be impaired by title defects.
We generally obtain title opinions on significant properties in which we have working interests. However, there is no assurance that we will not suffer a monetary loss from title defects or failure. Generally, under the terms of the operating agreements affecting our properties, any monetary loss is to be borne by all parties to any such agreement in proportion to their interests in such property. If there are any title defects or defects in assignment of leasehold rights in properties in which we hold an interest, we will suffer a financial loss.
The unavailability or high cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oil field services could adversely affect our ability to execute our exploration and development plans on a timely basis and within our budget.
Our industry is cyclical and, from time to time, there is a shortage of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies or qualified personnel for the operator of our properties. During these periods, the costs and delivery times of rigs, equipment and supplies are substantially greater. In addition, the demand for, and wage rates of, qualified drilling rig crews rise as the number of active rigs in service increases. Increasing levels of exploration and production in response to any future increases in the prices of oil and natural gas may result in rising demand for oilfield services, in which case the costs of these services may increase while the quality of these services may suffer. If the unavailability or high cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies or qualified personnel is particularly severe in Texas, Louisiana, Colorado and the Gulf Coast, we could be materially and adversely affected because our properties are concentrated in those areas.
Oilfield service and materials’ prices may escalate, and the availability of such services may be inadequate to meet our needs.
Our business plan to develop oil and natural gas resources requires third party oilfield service vendors and various materials such as steel tubulars, which we do not control. Long lead times and spot shortages may prevent us from, or delay us in, maintaining or increasing the production volumes we expect. In addition, escalating costs for such services and materials may render certain or all of our projects uneconomic, as compared to the earlier prices we may have assumed when deciding to redevelop newly purchased or existing properties. Further adverse economic outcomes may result from the long lead times often necessary to execute and complete our redevelop plans.
Transportation delays, including as a result of disruptions to infrastructure, could adversely affect our operations.
Our business will depend on the availability of a distribution infrastructure. Any disruptions in this infrastructure network, whether caused by earthquakes, storms, other natural disasters or human error or malfeasance, could materially impact our business. Therefore, any unexpected delay in transportation of our produced oil and natural gas could result in significant disruption to our operations. We rely upon others for distribution of oil and natural gas, and any failure on their part could impede the delivery of our oil and natural gas, impose additional costs on us or otherwise cause our results of operations or financial condition to suffer.
The oil and natural gas exploration and production industry is very competitive, and some of our exploration and production competitors have greater financial and other resources than we do.
The market for oil and natural gas recovery projects is generally highly competitive. Our ability to compete depends on many factors, many of which are outside of our control. These factors include: timing and market acceptance, introduction of competitive technologies, and price and purchaser’s interest in acquiring our oil and natural gas output. Many existing competitors, as well as potential new competitors, have longer operating histories, greater name recognition, substantial track records, and significantly greater financial, technical and technological resources than us. This may allow them to devote greater resources to the development and promotion of their oil and natural gas exploration and production projects. Many of these competitors offer a wider range of oil and natural gas opportunities not available to us and may attract business partners consequently resulting in a decrease of our business opportunities. These competitors may also engage in more extensive research and development, adopt more aggressive strategies and make more attractive offers to existing and potential purchasers, and partners. Furthermore, competitors may develop technology and oil and natural gas exploration strategies that are equal or superior to us and achieve greater market recognition. In addition, current and potential competitors have established or may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties to better address the needs of our target market. As a result, it is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors or that competition will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Material differences between the estimated and actual timing of critical events may affect the completion of and commencement of production from development projects.
We are involved in several development projects. Key factors that may affect the timing and outcome of such projects include: project approvals by joint-venture partners; timely issuance of permits and licenses by governmental agencies; weather conditions; manufacturing and delivery schedules of critical equipment; and commercial arrangements for pipelines and related equipment to transport and market hydrocarbons. Delays and differences between estimated and actual timing of critical events may affect our projections related to such development projects.
Indemnities may be unenforceable or uncollectible which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and future operations.
The joint operating agreements with participants in an oil and natural gas ventures generally provide for the indemnification of the operator; however, joint operating agreements may not be in force and effect with regard some of our properties in which we are the operator. Furthermore, such indemnification rights may not be enforceable or a participant may not be financially able to comply with its indemnification obligations. We may not be able to obtain such indemnification agreements in the future. The failure to obtain enforceable indemnification agreements or a participant’s inability to indemnify us may cause us to assume all operating costs of a property. Such a result could adversely affect our business, financial condition and future operations which additionally, could cause us to become insolvent.
We have limited control over the activities on properties we do not operate, and are dependent on the skill, ability and decisions of third party operators with regard to such properties.
We operate most, but not all, of our properties. As of December 31, 2008, our DJ Basin, Colorado property was a non-operated property. The success of the drilling, development, production and marketing of the oil and natural gas from non-operated properties is dependent upon the decisions of third-party operators and their diligence to comply with various laws, rules and regulations affecting such properties. The failure of any third-party operator to make decisions, perform their services, discharge their obligations, deal with regulatory agencies, and comply with laws, rules and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations in a proper manner with respect to properties in which we have an interest could result in material adverse consequences to our interest in such properties, including substantial penalties and compliance costs. We have limited ability to influence or control the operation or future development of non-operated properties or the amount of capital expenditures that we are required to fund with respect to them. Our dependence on the operator and other working interest owners for these projects and our limited ability to influence or control the operation and future development of these properties could materially adversely affect the realization of our targeted returns on capital and lead to unexpected future costs.
We have hurricane associated risks in connection with our operations in the Texas, Louisiana and the Gulf Coast.
We could be subject to production curtailments resulting from hurricane damage to certain fields or, even in the event that producing fields are not damaged, production could be curtailed due to damage to facilities and equipment owned by oil and natural gas purchasers, or vendors and suppliers, because a portion of our oil and natural gas properties are located in or near coastal areas of the Texas, Louisiana and Gulf Coast. Our Matagorda Bay properties are located in the shallow Texas state waters in Calhoun and Matagorda Counties and could be subject to associated hurricane related risks.
We may not carry sufficient insurance, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and future operations.
To protect against possible liability, we maintain liability insurance with coverage that we believe is consistent with industry practice and appropriate in light of the risks attendant to our business. However, if we are unable to maintain insurance in the future at an acceptable cost or at all, or if our insurance does not fully cover us and a successful claim was made against us, we could be exposed to liability. Moreover, large claims successfully asserted against us might cause us to pay much higher insurance premiums or a large deductible or co-payment. Any claim made against us not fully covered by insurance could be costly to defend against, result in a substantial damage award against us and divert the attention of management from our operations, which could have an adverse effect on our financial performance. The nature of the oil and natural gas business involves a variety of operating hazards such as fires, explosions, cratering, blow-outs, adverse weather conditions, pollution and environmental risks, encountering formations with abnormal pressures, and, in horizontal wellbores, the increased risk of mechanical failure and collapsed holes, the occurrence of any of which could result in substantial losses to us. Other significant hazards may be discovered in the future. We may be subject to liability claims as an owner of working interests with respect to certain types of liabilities.
Repercussions from terrorist activities or armed conflict could harm our business.
Terrorist activities, anti-terrorist efforts or other armed conflict involving the United States or its interests abroad may adversely affect the United States and global economies and could prevent us from meeting our financial and other obligations. If events of this nature occur and persist, the political instability and societal disruption could reduce overall demand for oil and natural gas, potentially putting downward pressure on prevailing oil and natural gas prices and causing a reduction in our revenues. Oil and natural gas production facilities, transportation systems and storage facilities could be direct targets of terrorist attacks, and our operations could be adversely impacted if infrastructure integral to our operations is destroyed or damaged by such an attack. Costs for insurance and other security may increase as a result of these threats, and some insurance coverage may become more difficult to obtain, if available at all.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The requirements of being a public company, including compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the requirements of the Sarbanes Oxley Act, strain our resources and increase our costs, and we may be unable to comply with these requirements in a timely or cost-effective manner.
As a public company, we need to comply with laws, regulations and requirements, including certain corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related regulations of the SEC. Complying with these statutes, regulations and requirements occupies a significant amount of the time of our board of directors and management. We are or may be required to:
| · | institute a comprehensive compliance function; |
| · | establish internal policies, such as those relating to disclosure controls and procedures and insider trading; |
| · | design, establish, evaluate and maintain a system of internal controls over financial reporting in compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations of the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; |
| · | prepare and distribute periodic reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws; |
| · | involve and retain outside counsel and accountants in the above activities; and |
| · | establish an investor relations function. |
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires companies subject to the act to disclose any material weaknesses discovered through management’s assessments. We are required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We will continue to monitor the effectiveness of these and other processes, procedures and controls and will make any further changes management determines appropriate, including to effect compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Any material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting may affect our ability to comply with SEC reporting requirements and the NASDAQ Global Market, listing standards or cause our financial statements to contain material misstatements, which could negatively affect the market price and trading liquidity of our common stock, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, as well as subject us to civil or criminal investigations and penalties.
We may be unable to meet the standards established by the NASDAQ Global Market for the continued listing of our common stock.
Our common stock has been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “STXX” since October 31, 2007, and we must meet certain established standards for our common stock to continue to be listed the NASDAQ Global Market. The standards for continued listing on either market require, among other things, that the minimum bid price for the listed securities be at least $1.00 per share. Our common stock has recently been trading below $1.00 per share. On October 16, 2008, NASDAQ implemented a temporary suspension of the $1.00 minimum price bid rule. This temporary suspension is currently scheduled to expire on July 20, 2009. If our common stock were to be excluded from the NASDAQ Global Market, the prices of our common stock and the ability of holders to sell such stock would be adversely affected, and we would be required to comply with the initial listing requirements to be relisted on the NASDAQ Global Market.
The price of our common stock may be volatile.
The trading price of our common stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to fluctuations in response to a number of factors beyond our control. Some of these factors relating to volatility include:
| · | our results of operations and the performance of our competitors; |
| · | the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission; |
| · | changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by research analysts who follow, or may follow, us or other companies in our industry; |
| · | changes in general economic conditions; |
| · | changes in market prices for oil and natural gas; |
| · | actions of our historical equity investors, including sales of common stock by our directors and executive officers; |
| · | actions by institutional investors trading in our stock; |
| · | disruption of our operations; |
| · | any major change in our management team; |
| · | other developments affecting us, our industry or our competitors; and |
| · | U.S. and international economic, legal and regulatory factors unrelated to our performance. |
In recent years the stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations may be unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may cause declines in the market price of our common stock. The price of our common stock could fluctuate based upon factors that have little or nothing to do with our company or our performance, and those fluctuations could materially reduce our common stock price.
The market for our common stock is limited and may not provide adequate liquidity.
Our common stock is currently thinly traded. In the year prior to December 31, 2008, the actual daily trading volume in our common stock ranged from a low of zero (0) shares of common stock traded to a high of 594,600 shares of common stock traded, with only 22 days exceeding a trading volume of 50,000 shares. On most days, this trading volume means there is limited liquidity in our shares of common stock. Selling our shares is more difficult because smaller quantities of shares are bought and sold and news media coverage about us is limited. These factors result in a limited trading market for our common stock and therefore holders of our stock may be unable to sell shares purchased, should they desire to do so.
The issuance of additional common and preferred stock would dilute existing stockholders.
We are authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of common stock, and our stockholders have recently approved, subject to SEC review of our Information Statement on Schedule 14C, increasing the number of authorized shares available for issuance to 200,000,000 shares. To the extent of such authorization, our board of directors has the ability, without seeking stockholder approval, to issue additional shares of common stock in the future for such consideration as our board may consider sufficient. The issuance of additional common stock in the future would reduce the proportionate ownership and voting power of the common stock now outstanding. During calendar year 2008, we approved the grant of our common stock in the form of restricted stock awards under our Equity Incentive Compensation Plan to our executive officers, to certain other employees, to our directors and to a consultant engaged by our board of directors. We plan to make similar awards under our Equity Incentive Compensation Plan in current and future years.
We are also authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, the rights and preferences of which may be designated in series by our board of directors. Such designation of a new series of preferred stock may be made without stockholder approval, and could create additional securities which would have dividend and liquidation preferences over the common stock now outstanding. Preferred stockholders could adversely affect the rights of holders of common stock by:
| · | exercising voting, redemption and conversion rights to the detriment of the holders of common stock; |
| · | receiving preferences over the holders of common stock regarding our surplus funds in the event of our dissolution, liquidation or the payment of dividends to preferred stockholders; |
| · | delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company; and |
| · | discouraging bids for our common stock. |
We recently entered into a securities exchange agreement with The Longview Fund L.P., pursuant to which the Company will 1.6 million shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred stock in connection with our $26.1 debt restructuring and non-core asset dispositions. These shares were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, and their resale was restricted. The holders of such shares have certain registration rights and will be able to sell their shares in the public market without restriction prior to such times if registration is affected. These 1.6 million shares of Series A Convertible Preferred stock convert into approximately 39 million shares of common stock at $0.50 per share. The presence of this additional number of shares of common stock eligible for trading in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
Our executive officers, directors and affiliates may be able to control the election of our directors and all other matters submitted to our stockholders for approval.
The following share calculations treat shares issuable upon the exercise of options or warrants as outstanding (both in the numerator and denominator for percentages) and assume actual vesting. Our executive officers and directors, in the aggregate, beneficially own or have the right to acquire approximately 2.4 million shares or approximately 12% of our fully diluted common stock, exclusive of which The Longview Fund, L.P and Doud Oil & Gas Company LLC currently owns or controls, directly or indirectly, approximately 7.8 million shares and 2.4 million shares, respectively, or approximately 44% and 12% of our fully diluted common stock, respectively. As a result, these holders, if they were to act together, could exercise effective control over all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval (including the election and removal of directors and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets). This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company, impede a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving our company or discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company, which in turn could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over the market price for their shares of common stock.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research reports about our business or if they downgrade our stock, the price of our common stock could decline.
Small, relatively unknown companies can achieve visibility in the trading market through research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish. The lack of published reports by independent securities analysts could limit the interest in our common stock and negatively affect our stock price. We do not have any control over the research and reports these analysts publish or whether they will be published at all. If any analyst who does cover us downgrades our stock, our stock price could decline. If analysts fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
As of December 31, 2008, we did not have any unresolved comments from the SEC staff that were received 180 or more days prior to year-end.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Information concerning proved reserves, production, wells, acreage and related matters are contained in Part I. Item 1. “Business.”
Our obligations under our credit facility are secured by mortgages on our oil and natural gas properties. See Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note 4 for additional information concerning the credit facility.
Offices
Our principal corporate office is located at 300 East Sonterra Boulevard, Suite 1220, San Antonio, Texas 78258, and we also maintain field an additional field office in Giddings, Texas. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we are a party to litigation in the normal course of business. While the outcome of lawsuits or other proceedings against us cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not believe that the adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, if any, will be material.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
On December 19, 2008, the Company’s stockholders elected Michael J. Pawelek, David P. Lieberman, Stanley A. Hirschman, Bryce W. Rhodes and Doyle A. Valdez as directors. Edward Shaw and Owen Naccarato, both former directors, did not stand for re-election.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
Market Information
Effective October 31, 2007, the Company began trading on the NASDAQ Global Market under its current symbol STXX. Prior to that time, our stock had been trading on the OTCBB under the same symbol since 2005.
The following sets forth the range of the closing bid prices for our common stock for the period starting January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2008. These quotations were obtained from QuoteMedia and NASDAQ.com and do not necessarily reflect actual transactions, retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions. The transactions include inter-dealer transactions and have not been adjusted retroactively by any stock split.
| | High Close | | | Low Close | |
2008 Fiscal Year, quarter ended: | | | | | | |
March 31, 2008 | | $ | 9.30 | | | $ | 5.65 | |
June 30, 2008 | | $ | 6.95 | | | $ | 2.68 | |
September 30, 2008 | | $ | 3.62 | | | $ | 1.80 | |
December 31, 2008 | | $ | 1.96 | | | $ | 0.47 | |
| | | | | | | | |
2007 Fiscal Year, quarter ended: | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2007 | | $ | 9.77 | | | $ | 7.20 | |
June 30, 2007 | | $ | 9.84 | | | $ | 8.40 | |
September 30, 2007 | | $ | 9.74 | | | $ | 8.75 | |
December 31, 2007 | | $ | 11.02 | | | $ | 9.30 | |
Performance Graph
The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.
The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return to stockholders on our common stock relative to the cumulative total returns of the Dow Jones Wilshire Microcap Exploration & Production Index and the NASDAQ Composite Index:
An investment of $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) is assumed to have been made in our common stock, in the index and in the peer group on December 31, 2003 and its relative performance is tracked through December 31, 2008.
Fiscal Year Ended December 31 | | 2003 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | | | 2008 | |
South Texas Oil Corporation | | $ | 100.00 | | | $ | 227.27 | | | $ | 154.55 | | | $ | 7909.09 | | | $ | 8681.82 | | | $ | 499.91 | |
NASDAQ Composite Index | | | 100.00 | | | | 109.96 | | | | 112.90 | | | | 126.64 | | | | 138.40 | | | | 80.76 | |
Dow Jones Wilshire Microcap E&P Index | | | 100.00 | | | | 148.22 | | | | 177.20 | | | | 176.30 | | | | 141.37 | | | | 57.48 | |
Holders
Our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock at a par value of $0.001. Our stockholders have recently approved, subject to SEC review of our Information Statement on Schedule 14C, an increase of the authorized shares of common stock available for issuance to 200,000,000 shares.
Common Stock
The holders of the common stock are entitled to one vote per share on each matter submitted to a vote at any meeting of the stockholders. Shares of common stock do not carry cumulative voting rights, and therefore a majority of the shares of outstanding common stock will be able to elect the entire Board of Directors, and if they do so, minority stockholders would not be able to elect any persons to the Board of Directors. Our amended bylaws provide that a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company shall constitute a quorum for stockholders’ meeting except with respect to certain matters for which a greater percentage quorum is required by statute or our Articles of Incorporation or bylaws. Stockholders of the Company have no pre-emptive rights to acquire additional shares of our common stock or other securities. The common stock is not subject to redemption and carries no subscription or conversion rights.
Preferred Stock
As of December 31, 2008, there were no preferred shares issued or outstanding. Our Board of Directors is authorized by the Articles of Incorporation to prescribe by resolution the voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions, reactive rights and distinguishing designations of the preferred shares if issued.
Shares Eligible for Future Sale
As of December 31, 2008, we had issued 16,730,529 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, of which 6,875,198 shares are restricted shares. During 2008, we issued 403,499 shares of common stock in settlement of $661,739 of certain subordinated demand promissory notes and related accrued interest. We also issued 78,000 shares to third parties as compensation for services valued at $303,800 during the year. On May 15, 2008, we settled a lawsuit and counter lawsuit regarding disputes arising under an agreement related to the acquisition of certain assets in 2007 that called for us to issue shares of common stock to the counter parties, 1,333,333 shares of which were delivered in 2007. The May 2008 settlement agreement provided for the return of 1,333,333 shares of our common stock previously issued, of which 1,008,333 shares were returned during 2008. As scheduled according to the terms of the settlement agreement, we have committed to purchase the remaining 335,000 shares of common stock in three remaining installments during 2009 and 2010.
There are no provisions in our bylaws or Articles of Incorporation that would delay, defer or prevent a change in control of the Company.
Our stock transfer agent is Transfer Online, Inc., whose offices are located at 317 SW Alder Street, 2nd Floor, Portland, Oregon 97204. Their telephone and fax numbers are respectively (503) 227-2950 and (503) 227-6874.
As of March 17, 2009, we had 16,788,862 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding, which were held by 2,623 stockholders of record. As of March 17, 2009, we have no preferred shares issued and outstanding.
Dividends
We have not paid any dividends to date. In addition, we do not anticipate paying dividends in the immediate foreseeable future. Our Board of Directors will review our dividend policy from time to time to determine the desirability and feasibility of paying dividends after giving consideration to our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and such other factors as the board may deem relevant. There are no material restrictions in our Articles of Incorporation or bylaws that restrict us from declaring dividends.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table shows information with respect to each equity compensation plan under which our common stock is authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2008:
Plan Category | | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | | | Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | | | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | (a) | | | (b) | | | (c) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | | 530,000 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | | 4,695,208 | |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | | | 245,500 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | | |
Total | | | 775,500 | | | $ | 3.31 | | | | 4,695,208 | |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Other then set forth below, the information regarding our sales of our unregistered securities for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 has been previously furnished in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K or 10-KSB, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or10-QSB and/or our Current Reports on Form 8-K.
Issuance of Unregistered Securities
None.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
None.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward Looking Statements
Please see Part I. Item 1. “Business” of this Annual Report for “Information Regarding Forward Looking Statements” appearing throughout this Annual Report.
Business Overview
For this information please see Part I. Item 1. “Business.”
Results of Operations
Overview
We reported a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2008, of approximately $19.7 million, or $1.23 per share. This compares to a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2007, of approximately $6.6 million, or $0.45 per share. Increased revenues were offset with increased general and administrative expenses, increased production expenses, increased interest expense, increased debt issuance costs amortization and a 2008 loss from derivatives. Refer to Item 7, Results of Operations for an expanded discussion of these changes.
Liquidity Capital Resources: At December 31, 2008, we had a working capital deficit of $35.6 million, including $42.5 million currently due related to long-term debt. Our net working capital balance also included $4.3 million in cash, $3.1 million in accounts receivable, $9.5 million in assets held for sale, and a total of $9.2 million in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. If we are unable to pay, or otherwise resolve, our accounts payable balances in a timely manner, the vendors to whom we owe unpaid balances may cause liens to be filed against our properties. We may also suffer the refusal or withdrawal of trade credit from vendors as a consequence of non-timely accounts payable payment. These factors could disrupt our ability to conduct operations on our properties and affect our ability to initiate and/or complete the capital expenditure activities budgeted for 2009. In order to obtain additional liquidity, we have initiated the pursuit of potential debt and/or equity financing and the evaluation of other alternatives, such as joint ventures with third parties or sales of interests in certain of our assets. Due to current capital and credit market conditions in which numerous financial institutions have effectively restricted current liquidity within the capital markets throughout the United States and the world, we cannot be certain that funding will be available to us in required amounts or on acceptable terms. If we are not successful in obtaining sufficient funding or completing an alternative transaction or transactions on a timely basis on terms acceptable to us, we could be required to curtail our expenditures or restructure our operations, and we would be unable to implement our capital expenditure program, either of which could have a material adverse affect on our business.
Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves: At December 31, 2008, our estimated total proved oil and natural gas reserves were 5.1 MMBoe, a 778% increase over the December 31, 2007 balance of 0.6 MMBoe. Volumes produced during 2008 totaled 102.7 MBoe, and reserve additions, net of revisions, were 4.7 MMBoe during 2008. Approximately 12% of our total reserve volumes at December 31, 2008, were classified as proved developed and the remaining 88% was classified as proved undeveloped. Contributing to the significant increase in reported total proved reserves was a comprehensive evaluation program we conducted for our properties during 2008. Our evaluation program included an extensive study of operational, geological and geophysical, and land and title information related to our properties.
Results of Operations
The following table presents significant items from our Consolidated Statements of Operations in our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements, and highlights the percentage change from year to year for those items:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 (1) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas sales | | $ | 9,259,130 | | | $ | 5,351,595 | | | $ | 3,907,535 | | | | +73 | % |
Drilling services revenue | | | - | | | | 341,312 | | | | (341,312 | ) | | | -100 | % |
Production expenses | | | 3,821,758 | | | | 1,921,091 | | | | 1,900,667 | | | | +99 | % |
Production taxes | | | 348,649 | | | | 275,335 | | | | 73,314 | | | | +27 | % |
Drilling services costs | | | 263,717 | | | | 281,051 | | | | (17,334 | ) | | | -6 | % |
General and administrative expenses | | | 7,897,666 | | | | 2,092,243 | | | | 5,805,423 | | | | +277 | % |
Depreciation, depletion and Amortization | | | 4,401,913 | | | | 4,881,975 | | | | (480,062 | ) | | | -10 | % |
Loss from derivatives | | | 4,822,720 | | | | - | | | | 4,822,720 | | | | n/m | |
Interest expense | | | 4,218,095 | | | | 967,695 | | | | 3,250,400 | | | | +336 | % |
Debt issuance costs amortization | | | 2,776,834 | | | | 1,902,670 | | | | 874,164 | | | | +46 | % |
Net loss | | | (19,726,431 | ) | | | (6,601,224 | ) | | | 13,125,207 | | | | +199 | % |
Net loss per common share | | | (1.23 | ) | | | (0.45 | ) | | | 0.78 | | | | +173 | % |
(1) | “n/m” indicates that the calculated percentage change is not meaningful since there was no 2007 value to which the net change could be compared |
The following table presents selected operating items and highlights the percentage change from year to year for those items:
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Oil sales volumes, Bbl except % change | | | 77,062 | | | | 121,096 | | | | (44,034 | ) | | | -36 | % |
Gas sales volumes, Mcf except % change | | | 153,917 | | | | 291,689 | | | | (137,772 | ) | | | -47 | % |
Combined sales volumes, Boe except % change | | | 102,715 | | | | 169,711 | | | | (66,996 | ) | | | -39 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average oil sales price per Bbl | | $ | 99.61 | | | $ | 35.99 | | | $ | 63.62 | | | | +177 | % |
Average gas sales price per Mcf | | $ | 10.32 | | | $ | 3.40 | | | $ | 6.92 | | | | +204 | % |
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
Oil and natural gas sales increased 73% from $5,351,595 to $9,259,130 for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, as a result of higher average realized prices for oil and natural gas, partially offset by decreased volumes during 2008. Realized prices for oil and natural gas on an equivalent unit basis increased for 2008, compared to 2007, by approximately 186% and had a $6.0 million positive impact on revenues. The 39% decrease in volumes had a $2.1 million negative impact on revenues.
Revenue generated by drilling services was $341,312 for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to zero for the same period of 2008. Our drilling rigs were undergoing repair during 2008 and were not engaged in income generating activities.
Production Costs
The 99% increase in production expenses from $1,921,091 to $3,821,758 for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively, resulted from the increase in the number of producing wells associated with our property acquisitions completed in the second and third quarters of 2007.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses (“G&A”) were $7,897,666 for year ended December 31, 2008 compared $2,092,243 for the same period in 2007, an increase of 277%. This increase resulted from $3.3 million of non-cash stock compensation expense associated with the restricted stock granted to the new employees who joined our management team as officers during the third quarter of 2008, and stock options issued to employees and directors during the first and fourth quarters of 2008. Stock compensation expense totaled $229,778 for 2007. Stock valued at fair market value of $303,800 was issued in exchange to third parties during 2008 in exchange for professional services. Also contributing to the increase in G&A were increases in payroll and related expense of approximately $930,000 and consulting fees of approximately $1.2 million. Additionally, legal expenses increased by approximately $476,000 due primarily to costs recognized in the first and second quarters of 2008 related to the settlement of litigation, and secondarily to costs incurred during the remainder of the year related to other legal matters. Finally, G&A for 2008 included contract operating fees totaling $205,000 paid to a third party entity that provided management services to us during April through June of 2008, including oversight over daily operational and administrative matters. Concurrent with our hiring of our new officers at the end of June, this contract operating arrangement with the third party was terminated.
Certain components of our G&A for 2008 are not expected to be recurring in nature. These include (i) significant legal expenses incurred in relation to the litigation settled during the period, (ii) fees paid for contract management services for the period preceding the addition of our new officers, and (iii) consulting fees paid to third parties for the provision of certain professional services that will be performed by our own management and staff in future periods. Salary and related costs and stock compensation expense are expected to increase as a result of the addition of our new officers and other employees at the end of June 2008 and in the third and fourth quarters of 2008, and as may be required in future periods.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
The 10% decrease in DD&A to $4,401,913 for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $4,881,975 for the same period in 2007 is the net affect of a 39% decrease in combined sales volumes, partially offset by increased costs subject to DD&A as a result the 2008 reclassification of approximately $23.0 million in costs from unproved oil and natural gas properties to proved oil and natural gas properties. This reclassification is costs incurred as a result of proved, undeveloped reserves that were added in 2008 and which are related to the costs reclassified.
Loss from Derivatives
A net loss from derivatives of $4.8 million was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to $0 for the same period in 2007. We entered into a derivative instrument covering the period January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2008. For the contract period, the volumes under contract exceeded our actual oil production volumes. Therefore, the entire net loss we realized on our derivative trading during the year was recognized as a loss. All derivative contracts were terminated and balances settled with the contract counter-party by December 31, 2008. We did not engage in derivative transactions during 2007.
Interest Expense
Interest expense recognized for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $4,218,095 compared to $967,695 for the same period in 2007, an increase of 336%. This increase is a direct result of an increase in debt outstanding under the Longview and Marquis credit facility and the new senior secured note issued to Marquis during the third quarter of 2008 described in Note 4 to the financial statements. Borrowings were higher during 2008 compared to 2007 because the facility was used to finance capital spending and operating cash flow deficits during 2008. Additionally the facility was used to provide financing during the second quarter of 2008 to finance the net $4.8 million loss incurred from derivative transactions.
Debt Issuance Costs Amortization
Debt issuance costs amortization increased 46% for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year. The $874,164 increase reflects the effect of debt issuance costs incurred in the fourth quarter of 2007 which were only subject to amortization for one quarter of 2007, and additional debt issuance costs incurred during 2008 in connection with senior secured notes we issued in September 2008.
Net Loss / Net Loss per Share
We reported a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2008, of $19,726,431, or $1.23 per share, compared to a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2007, of $6,601,224, or $0.45 per share.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We require cash to fund our exploration and development activities and the acquisition of oil and natural gas properties, to make payments required pursuant to our long-term debt and other contractual obligations and fund our working capital requirements. At December 31, 2008, we had a working capital deficit of $35.6 million, including $42.5 million currently due related to long-term debt. Our net working capital balance also included $4.3 million in cash, $3.1 million in accounts receivable, $9.5 million in assets held for sale, and a total of $9.2 million in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. As of December 31, 2007, our working capital deficit was $38,336. The most significant components of change as of December 31, 2008, compared to the prior year was the reclassification to current assets of the net book value of $9.5 million for assets held for sale, and the reclassification to current liabilities of long-term debt totaling $40.9 million, and a $4.3 million increase in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. If we are unable to pay, or otherwise resolve, our accounts payable balances in a timely manner, the vendors to whom we owe unpaid balances may cause liens to be filed against our properties. We may also suffer the refusal or withdrawal of trade credit from vendors as a consequence of non-timely accounts payable payment. These factors could disrupt our ability to conduct operations on our properties and affect our ability to initiate and/or complete the capital expenditure activities budgeted for 2009.
Historically our revenues have not been sufficient to provide all of our cash needs, and we have relied on borrowings from private investors to provide the cash needed to meet both short and long-term liquidity requirements. We do not believe that our current cash balances and cash flows from operations during 2009 will be sufficient to fund our cash requirements and we will need to raise additional capital. We intend to pursue potential debt and/or equity financing and to evaluate other alternatives, such as joint ventures with third parties or sales of interests in certain of our assets. Due to current capital and credit market conditions in which numerous financial institutions have effectively restricted current liquidity within the capital markets throughout the United States and the world, we cannot be certain that funding will be available to us in required amounts or on acceptable terms. If we are not successful in obtaining sufficient funding or completing an alternative transaction or transactions on a timely basis on terms acceptable to us, we could be required to curtail our expenditures or restructure our operations, and we would be unable to implement our capital expenditure program, either of which could have a material adverse affect on our business.
Credit Facility and Notes Payable
Longview/Marquis Facility
As of December 31, 2008, we had a $32.5 million credit facility with The Longview Fund, L.P. (“Longview”) and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. (“Marquis”) with a total of $34.3 million outstanding, which included $1.9 million for interest accrued on the facility during the second and third quarters of 2008 added to the principal of the underlying notes. Borrowings under the facility accrue interest at a rate equal to 12.5%.
We originally obtained the credit facility in January 2007, at which time the facility had an initial borrowing limit of $15.0 million that was later increased to $30.0 million in September 2007. In connection with the increase in borrowing limit, we agreed to grant to Longview a 4.0% perpetual overriding royalty interest in the oil and natural gas production of certain of our properties, and we granted security and pledge agreements that provided Longview with first priority security interests in substantially all of our assets. In April 2008, we amended and restated the credit facility with Longview and Marquis. By further amendment in April 2008, we agreed to grant to Longview and Marquis certain mortgages in our oil and natural gas producing properties, and we amended the amount of the perpetual overriding royalty interest to reduce the overriding royalty interest to an aggregate 3.0% to Longview and Marquis, effective September 2007, and expanded the perpetual overriding royalty interest to include all of the oil and natural gas production of our current and future interests in the real property then owned by us.
On June 30, 2008, the Company, Longview and Marquis entered into another amendment to the credit facility, which (i) increased the aggregate maximum amount of senior secured notes from $32.0 million to $32.5 million and (ii) amended the senior secured notes to provide that the interest amounts due and payable under the senior secured notes will be capitalized and added to the principal amount of the senior secured notes for all interest amounts payable prior to the earlier of (a) December 31, 2008 and (b) the date on which we received an aggregate of at least $15.0 million in gross proceeds in one or more transactions occurring after June 30, 2008 from any sales of our debt and/or equity securities, any other debt or equity financings, any farm-out financing transaction that does not include operating obligations of the financing party as a material term of the transaction, and any sales of our oil and natural gas assets.
In September 2008, the notes payable to Longview under the facility were amended to provide for the payment-in-kind, or adding to the principal amount of the notes, interest accrued during the fourth quarter of 2008 through the January 2, 2009 scheduled interest payment date. On January 2, 2009, approximately $807,059 was added to the principal of the outstanding Longview notes to pay-in-kind interest accrued through that date.
Additional Marquis Debt
During April and May 2008, we obtained an agreement from Marquis to provide funding for the payment of margin calls made on us related to its derivative trading activities. Pursuant to this agreement, we received from Marquis a total of $1,571,922 in exchange for the issuance of subordinated demand promissory notes. As of June 30, 2008, Marquis had made demand payment of, and we paid two of the notes totaling $934,307. On September 19, 2008 in connection with entering into the Marquis Senior Secured Debt, the final note balance plus unpaid accrued interest, a total of $661,739, was converted into 403,499 shares of our common stock. The interest rate for these notes was 10%.
Marquis Senior Secured Debt
On September 19, 2008, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with Marquis, pursuant to which on such date, among other things, we issued and sold to Marquis a senior secured note in an original principal amount of $7,000,000 (the “Senior Secured Note”), for gross proceeds of $6,750,000, prior to our payment of expenses incurred by us and Marquis in connection with the transactions under the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Senior Secured Note carries an interest rate of 12.5% per annum payable quarterly in cash and matures in September 2009. Upon our prepayment of all or any portion of the Senior Secured Note or at maturity, Marquis has the option to convert up to 50% of the principal (and interest relating thereto) to be paid by us on such date of prepayment or maturity, into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $4.00 per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits and other events).
The Senior Secured Note is secured by a general security interest in all of the tangible and intangible current and future assets owned or acquired by us and its subsidiaries (including mortgages on our real property interests), which have guaranteed our obligations under the Senior Secured Note and other transaction documents. Marquis’ secured position in this transaction is senior to the rights of all other secured parties, including the rights of Longview under that certain securities purchase agreement, as amended (the “April 2008 Purchase Agreement”) dated as of April 1, 2008, among the Company, Marquis and Longview, pursuant to which we has issued and sold secured notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $34,288,374 (the “Existing Notes”), except for the previously secured rights of Marquis, which continued to rank pari passu with the rights granted to Marquis under the Senior Secured Note. In conjunction with the transactions described in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we entered into a September 2008 Waiver and Amendment with Marquis and Longview, pursuant to which the parties amended and waived certain provisions and covenants, including a financial covenant, contained in the Existing Notes issued to Longview and the April 2008 Purchase Agreement that conflicted with the terms and conditions of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby.
Additionally, under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, we retired the outstanding Marquis subordinated demand notes held by Marquis, which demand notes had an aggregate principal balance due of $637,615 plus accrued interest, in exchange for 403,499 shares of our common stock. In addition, we conveyed to Marquis a 1.0% perpetual overriding royalty interest in the oil and natural gas production of all of our current and future interests in the real property then owned by us. Pursuant to the terms of the overriding royalty conveyance, we have the conditional option, beginning on September 19, 2009 and terminating on September 19, 2010, to repurchase the overriding royalty interests conveyed in exchange for a number of shares of our common stock equal to the adjusted fair market value of the conveyed overriding royalty interests, based upon an independent appraisal at the time the election is made by us, divided by a 20-day average trading price of our common stock at the time of repurchase, and subject to certain conditions, including without limitation, that (i) our average prior 20-day trading volume is at least 125,000 shares, (ii) the prior 20-day average price per share of its common stock is at least $3.00 per share, and (iii) the shares to be exchanged are registered for public resale pursuant to an effective registration statement.
The notes outstanding under the Longview/Marquis Facility and the Senior Secured Note contain various restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional debt, investments, liens, dividends, prepayments of indebtedness, asset divestitures, mergers and consolidations, transactions with affiliates and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. Further these notes require the maintenance of certain average daily rates of barrels of oil equivalent production, measured on a calendar quarterly basis.
Other Notes Payable
The total of our other notes payable and long-term debt at December 31, 2008 was $2.1 million and comprised of amounts due to various parties as a result of oil and natural gas and other property purchases. Repayment of these obligations is due over a period ranging from less than one year to greater than five years. Effective annual interest rates for these obligations range from 4.9% to 12.25%.
Deferred Liability
Settlement Agreement
On May 15, 2008, we settled a lawsuit and counter-lawsuit between Leexus Oil & Gas, LLP (“Leexus”), Mark Jaehne, and Bennie Jaehne regarding disputes arising under a previously reported Agreement and Plan of Merger dated April 20, 2007 (the “Merger Agreement”). The Merger Agreement called for us to pay $4.0 million over time based on a percentage of the production of certain oil and natural gas interests acquired under the Merger Agreement and issue of 2,000,000 shares of our common stock to the selling shareholders of Leexus, 1,333,333 shares of which were delivered to the Jaehnes at closing.
The settlement agreement provided for our payment on the settlement date of $2.0 million and future payments totaling $2.0 million, payable in four future installments, which will extinguish all of our past, current and future obligations due to the Jaehnes as selling shareholders under the Merger Agreement. The settlement also provides for the return of 1,333,333 shares of our common stock previously issued to the Jaehnes, of which 900,000 shares were returned on the settlement date. The first of the four installments was paid during the fourth quarter of 2008, and 108,333 additional shares of our common stock was returned to us. As of December 31, 2008, a total liability of $1.5 million is included on the Company’s balance sheet as long-term debt, $1.0 million of which is classified as current, and $500,000 of which is non-current.
2009 Capital Requirements
For 2009, our estimated capital expenditure budget totals $10.0 million. We intend to focus our capital program on the drilling of horizontal wells in the Giddings Field. Additionally, we expect to participate in joint venture projects in Texas and Louisiana, and we plan to complete currently in-progress drilling activities in Matagorda Bay, Texas. Our 2009 capital budget may be revised for several different reasons, including capital availability constraints, industry conditions such as rig and vendor availability, oil and natural gas price fluctuations and operational developments including drilling results. Additionally, our Blue Moon Exploration joint venture project may include activities operated by third parties and thus we may not have direct control over when those activities occur.
Our total capital expenditure budget is allocated as follows:
(in millions) | | | Capital Expenditure Budget Amount |
Giddings Field horizontal wells | | $ | 5.5 | |
Blue Moon Exploration joint venture project | | | 4.0 | |
Matagorda Bay completion activities | | | 0.5 | |
Total | | $ | 10.0 | |
Sources and Uses of Cash
The following table sets forth our sources and uses of cash for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 | | | Change 2008 vs. 2007 (1) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | | $ | (1,707,144 | ) | | $ | 1,505,660 | | | $ | (3,212,804 | ) | | | n/m | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (9,506,371 | ) | | | (22,145,848 | ) | | | 12,639,477 | | | | +57 | % |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 13,281,729 | | | | 21,553,466 | | | | (8,271,737 | ) | | | -38 | % |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 2,068,214 | | | $ | 913,278 | | | $ | 1,154,936 | | | | +126 | % |
(1) “n/m” indicates that the calculated percentage change is not meaningful since there was no 2007 value to which the net change could be compared
Net cash provided (used) in operating activities for the year ended December, 2008 decreased by approximately $3.2 million compared to 2007. This decrease was primarily due to a $13.1 million increase in net loss, partially offset by increased non-cash charges to the income statement for DD&A; amortization of debt issuance costs, deferred stock compensation; and compensatory stock and option issuances. The total amounts of these non-cash charges for 2008 was $11.3 million compared to $7.4 million in 2007, a net increase of $3.9 million. Additionally, net cash provided (used) in operating activities in 2008 was increased by $6.6 million related to the total net changes of operating assets and liabilities. This compares to approximately $756,000 in 2007 for a net increase of $5.9 million.
Net cash used by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $12.6 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2007, primarily as a result of decreased spending in 2008 for oil and gas property purchases and development activities. The Company was not actively engaged in oil and gas property acquisition activities during 2008, unlike 2007. Further, the Company conducted a limited drilling program in 2008. During 2008, the Company invested approximately $432,000 in costs related to its drilling rigs and peripheral equipment, and vehicles used by the Company in conducting its field operations.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased by $8.3 million compared to the prior year. This results mainly from a $3.4 million increase in payments of notes payable and long-term debt, $2.9 million used in 2008 for the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock into treasury, and a $1.0 million decrease in proceeds from notes payable and long-term debt. In 2008 the Company relied on borrowings from lenders to fund its capital activities and provide working capital as needed to cover net operating losses.
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments by payment period:
| | Payments Due by Period | |
Contractual Obligations | | Less than 1 Year | | | 1 – 3 Years | | | 3 – 5 Years | | | More Than 5 Years | | | Total | |
Long-term debt (1) | | $ | 42,472,051 | | | $ | 509,564 | | | $ | 133,865 | | | $ | 877,630 | | | $ | 43,993,110 | |
Deferred liability | | | 1,000,000 | | | | 500,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,500,000 | |
Operating lease obligations | | | 172,307 | | | | 118,349 | | | | 300 | | | | - | | | $ | 290,956 | |
Total contractual obligations | | $ | 43,644,358 | | | $ | 1,127,913 | | | $ | 134,165 | | | $ | 877,630 | | | $ | 45,784,066 | |
| (1) | excludes interest payments on long-term debt |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At December 31, 2008, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements and we did not have any during fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect our reported results of operations and the amount of reported assets, liabilities and proved oil and natural gas reserves. Some accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Described below are the most significant policies we apply in preparing our consolidated financial statements, some of which are subject to alternative treatments under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We also describe the most significant estimates and assumptions we make in applying these policies. We discussed the development, selection and disclosure of each of these with our audit committee. See Results of Operations above and Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Note 1, Organization and Summary of Significant Events and Accounting Policies, for a discussion of additional accounting policies and estimates made by management.
Oil and Natural Gas Activities
Accounting for oil and natural gas activities is subject to special, unique rules. Two generally accepted methods of accounting for oil and natural gas activities are available — successful efforts and full cost. The most significant differences between these two methods are the treatment of exploration costs and the manner in which the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties are amortized and evaluated for impairment. The successful efforts method requires exploration costs to be expensed as they are incurred while the full cost method provides for the capitalization of these costs. Both methods generally provide for the periodic amortization of capitalized costs based on proved reserve quantities. Impairment of oil and natural gas properties under the successful efforts method is based on an evaluation of the carrying value of individual oil and natural gas properties against their estimated fair value, while impairment under the full cost method requires an evaluation of the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties included in a cost center against the net present value of future cash flows from the related proved reserves, using period-end prices and costs and a 10% discount rate.
Successful Efforts Method
We use the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil and natural gas properties. Exploration costs such as exploratory geological and geophysical costs and delay rentals are charged against earnings as incurred The costs to acquire, drill and equip exploratory wells are capitalized pending determinations of whether proved reserves can be attributed to our interests as a result of drilling the well. If management determines that commercial quantities of oil and natural gas have not been discovered, costs associated with exploratory wells are charged to exploration expense. Costs to acquire mineral interests, to drill and equip development wells, to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, and related costs to plug and abandon wells and costs of site restoration are capitalized.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) of oil and natural gas properties is computed using the unit-of-production method based on recoverable reserves as estimated by our independent reservoir engineers. Capitalized acquisition costs are depleted based on total estimated proved developed and proved undeveloped reserve quantities. Capitalized costs to drill and equip wells are depreciated and amortized based on total estimated proved developed reserve quantities. Investments in unproved properties are not amortized until proved reserves associated with the prospects can be determined or until impairment occurs. Oil and natural gas properties are periodically assessed for impairment. If the unamortized capitalized costs of proved properties are in excess of estimated undiscounted future cash flows before income taxes, the property is impaired. Estimated future cash flows are determined using management’s best estimates and may be calculated using prices consistent with management expectations for our future oil and natural gas sales. Unproved oil and natural gas properties are also periodically assessed for impairment, and a valuation allowance is provided if impairment is indicated. Impairment costs are included in exploration expense. Costs of expired or abandoned leases are charged against the valuation allowance. Costs of properties that become productive are transferred to proved oil and natural gas properties.
Sales of entire interests in proved and unproved properties, and sales of partial interests of proved properties result in the recognition of gains or losses. Sales of partial interests of unproved properties are generally treated as a recovery of the cost of the interests retained.
Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
Our engineering estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves directly impact financial accounting estimates, including our depreciation, depletion and amortization expense. Proved oil and natural gas reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under period-end economic and operating conditions. The process of estimating quantities of proved reserves is very complex, requiring significant subjective decisions in the evaluation of all geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. The data for a given reservoir may change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. Changes in oil and natural gas prices, operating costs and expected performance from a given reservoir also will result in revisions to the amount of our estimated proved reserves.
Our estimated proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2008 were prepared by Forrest A. Garb & Associates, Inc., an independent oil and natural gas reservoir engineering consulting firm. For more information regarding reserve estimation, including historical reserve revisions, refer to Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Supplemental Oil and Gas Disclosure.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
The quantities of estimated proved oil and natural gas reserves are a significant component of our calculation of depletion expense and revisions in such estimates may alter the rate of future expense. Holding all other factors constant, if reserves are revised upward, earnings would increase due to lower depletion expense. Likewise, if reserves are revised downward, earnings would decrease due to higher depletion expense.
Future Development and Abandonment Costs
Future development costs include costs incurred to obtain access to proved reserves such as drilling costs and the installation of production equipment. Future abandonment costs include costs to dismantle and relocate or dispose of our production platforms, gathering systems and related structures and restoration costs of land and seabed. We develop estimates of these costs for each of our properties based upon their geographic location, type of production structure, well depth and currently available procedures. Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating these future costs is difficult and requires management to make judgments that are subject to future revisions based upon numerous factors, including changing technology and fluctuating prices for services and materials required. We review our assumptions and estimates of future development and future abandonment costs on an annual basis.
Accounting standards require that a liability for the discounted fair value of an asset retirement obligation be recorded in the period in which it is incurred and the corresponding cost capitalized by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The liability is accreted to its present value each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Holding all other factors constant, if our estimate of future abandonment and development costs is revised upward, earnings would decrease due to higher depreciation, depletion and amortization (DD&A) expense. Likewise, if these estimates are revised downward, earnings would increase due to lower DD&A expense.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when oil and natural gas quantities are delivered to or collected by the respective purchaser. We sell our oil and natural gas production to independent purchasers. Title to the produced quantities transfers to the purchaser at the time the purchaser collects or receives the quantities. Prices for such production are defined in sales contracts and are readily determinable based on certain publicly available indices. The purchasers of such production have historically made payment for oil and natural gas purchases within thirty to sixty days of the end of each production month. We periodically review the difference between the dates of production and the dates we collect payment for such production to ensure that receivables from those purchasers are collectible. All transportation costs are accounted for as a reduction of oil and natural gas sales revenue.
New Accounting Standards
FASB Statement of Accounting Standard No. 157, “Fair Value Measurement” (“SFAS 157”): SFAS 157, issued in September 2006, defines fair value, provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. It applies whenever other standards require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but it does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. In November 2007, the effective date was deferred for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. The provisions of SFAS No. 157 that were not deferred are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS No. 157, effective January 1, 2008, did not have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”): SFAS 159, issued in February 2007, allows entities the option to measure the eligible financial instruments at fair value as of specified dates. Such election, which may be applied on an instrument by instrument basis, is typically irrevocable once elected. SFAS No. 159 is effective fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and early application is allowed under certain circumstances. The adoption of SFAS No. 159, effective January 1, 2008, did not have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141 (R)”): SFAS No. 141(R) was issued in December 2007 to replace SFAS 141. SFAS 141 (R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any non-controlling interest in the acquire and the goodwill acquired. The Statement also establishes disclosure requirements, which will enable users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141 (R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141 (R) will have an impact on accounting for business combinations, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at the time they occur.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“SFAS 160”): SFAS 160, issued in December 2007, establishes accounting and reporting standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the valuation of retained noncontrolling equity investments when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We do not currently have any non-controlling interests and do not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have an effect on its financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”): SFAS 161, issued in March 2008, requires new and expanded disclosures regarding hedging activities. These disclosures include, but are not limited to, a tabular presentation of derivative data; financial statement presentation of fair values on a gross basis, including those that currently qualify for netting under FASB Interpretation No. 39; and specific footnote narrative regarding how and why derivatives are used. The disclosures are required in all interim and annual reports. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”): SFAS 162, issued in May 2008, is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent hierarchy for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following the Security Exchange Commission's approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Auditing amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of "Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles."
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Release No. 33-8995, “Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting”: Issued December 31, 2008, SEC Release No. 33-8995 revised disclosure requirements for oil and natural gas companies. In addition to changing the definition and disclosure requirements for oil and natural gas reserves, the new rules change the requirements for determining oil and natural gas reserve quantities. These rules permit the use of new technologies to determine proved reserves under certain criteria and allow companies to disclose their probable and possible reserves. The new rules also require companies to report the independence and qualifications of their reserves preparer or auditor and file reports when a third party is relied upon to prepare reserves estimates or conducts a reserves audit. The new rules also require that oil and natural gas reserves be reported and the full cost ceiling limitation be calculated using a twelve-month average price rather than period-end prices. The use of a twelve-month average price could have an effect on our depletion rates for its natural gas and crude oil properties. The new rule is effective for annual reports on Form 10-K for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009, pending the potential alignment of certain accounting standards by the FASB with the new rule. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SEC Release No. 33-8995 on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMETARY DATA
Our consolidated financial statements, together with the independent registered public accounting firm’s report of Causey Demgen & Moore Inc., begin on page F-1, immediately after the signature page, and are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A(T). CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), as of December 31, 2008. Disclosure controls and procedures are those controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act filings is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2008, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a – 15(f). Management conducted an assessment as of December 31, 2008 of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on that evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the COSO.
For the year ended December 31, 2007, we identified certain material weaknesses of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting that we have remedied during our 2008 fiscal year, as follows:
2007 Identified Material Weakness | | |
| | |
Accounting and Executive Personnel | | In June 2008, a new management team was installed to run our operations, including a new Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Offices, as well as additional accounting and land management department personnel. In October 2008, an executive Corporate Development position was created and staffed. |
Effective Utilization of Accounting Systems | | We have transferred data to a more robust and centralized accounting system that will provide for effective and efficient integration of oil and natural gas specific tasks with generic financial reporting tasks. |
Effective Control in Certain Accounting Areas | | We have implemented appropriate controls over documentation of accounting protocols and separation of responsibilities, including payables, cash utilization, account structures and general ledger journal entries. We have improved our financial reporting controls by (i) establishing a procedure for changing account structures and restrict system access accordingly, (ii) implementing a process to review accounting entries posted into General Ledger, (iii) beginning the process of documenting all key financial reporting processes, and (iv) establishing an effective document control and retention procedure. |
Effective Control in Certain Operational Areas | | We have implemented (i) appropriate controls over documentation of operating protocols, including guidelines for authorization levels for entering into agreements, such as oil and natural gas leases, joint operating agreements, orders, non-disclosure agreements, sales and other contracts and (ii) a monitoring process to insure that all leases and material contracts are documented appropriately and represent the transfer of valid leasehold rights prior to execution. |
Segregation of Authority and Duties | | We have implemented appropriate internal controls at the highest executive and management levels of the Company, through (i) the segregation of authority and duties, (ii) majority of independent directors (iii) Executive Committee involvement in all material contacts and acquisitions, (iv) addition of key executive personnel. |
Documentation of Equity Transactions | | We have established procedures for the effective communication between legal counsel and our Chief Financial Officer to record and document all new equity transactions on a real time basis. |
Centralized, Indexed Filing System | | With additional management personnel resources, we have developed a system and protocol for the effective documentation of critical operative documents. |
Employee Handbook | | We have developed an employee handbook for employees that includes Company policies concerning standards of conduct, code of ethics, non-discrimination, harassment, Americans with Disabilities Act, conflict of interest, whistleblower program, insider trading and confidentiality. |
Employee Performance Evaluation | | We are a small company and have implemented a weekly “all hands” staff meeting, including executive management, to discuss upcoming events and needs of management, and to evaluate the progress of projects assigned to employees. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements should they occur. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the control procedure may deteriorate.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required to be contained in this Item is incorporated by reference from Part I. Item 1. “Business” of this report and by reference either to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with respect to our 2009 annual meeting or via the filing of an amendment to this Form 10-K.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required to be contained in this Item is incorporated either by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with respect to our 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Executive Compensation” or via the filing of an amendment to this Form 10-K.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
This information required to be contained in this Item is incorporated either by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with respect to our 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Principal Stockholders and Security Ownership of Management” or via the filing of an amendment to this Form 10-K.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required to be contained in this Item is incorporated either by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with respect to our 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Certain Transactions” or via the filing of an amendment to this Form 10-K.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required to be contained in this Item is incorporated either by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with respect to our 2009 annual meeting or via the filing of an amendment to this Form 10-K.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following documents are filed as a part of this report or incorporated herein by reference:
| (1) | Our Consolidated/Combined Financial Statements are listed on page F-1 of this Annual Report. |
| (2) | Financial Statement Schedules: |
None
The following documents are included as exhibits to this Annual Report:
Number | | Description | Ref. |
3.1 | | Articles of Incorporation (Nevada) | (1) |
3.2 | | By-laws (as amended February 6, 2009) | * |
4.1 | | Rights of securities holders – Common Stock (Articles of Incorporation, Sections 5 and 6) | (1) |
4.2 | | Rights of securities holders – Common Stock (Amended By-laws, Sections II, VIII. IX and XII) | ** |
4.3 | | Rights of securities holders – Certificate of Designations Series A Convertible Preferred Stock | * |
10.1 | | Employment Agreement - Michael J. Pawelek, CEO | (2) |
10.2 | | Employment Agreement - Wayne Psencik, COO | (2) |
10.3 | | Employment Agreement - Sherry L. Spurlock, CFO | (2) |
10.4 | | Employment Agreement – Theodore J. Wicks, EVP Corporate Development | (3) |
10.5 | | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 1, 2008, among the Company, Longview Fund, L.P. and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. | (4) |
10.6 | | Amendment to Senior Notes and Purchase Agreement, dated June 30, 2008, among the Company, Longview Fund, L.P. and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. | (5) |
10.7 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P, dated as of September 19, 2008 | (6) |
10.8 | | Form of Bridge Note | (6) |
10.9 | | Form of Bridge Security Agreement | (6) |
10.10 | | Form of Bridge Mortgage | (6) |
10.11 | | Form of Bridge Account Control Agreements | (6) |
10.12 | | Form of Bridge Guaranty | (6) |
10.13 | | Form of Bridge Pledge Agreement | (6) |
10.14 | | Form of Conveyances of Limited Overriding Royalty Interests | (6) |
10.15 | | Form of Intercreditor Agreement | (6) |
10.16 | | Form of Omnibus Amendment to Security Documents | (6) |
10.17 | | September 2008 Waiver and Amendment | (6) |
10.18 | | Securities Exchange Agreement (Equity and Assets for Debt Exchange), dated February 20, 2009 between the Company and Longview Fund, L.P | (7) |
10.19 | | Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement dated February 20, 2009 between the Company and Longview Fund, L.P | (7) |
10.20 | | Asset Purchase Waiver and Consent, dated February 20, 2009 by Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P | (7) |
21.1 | | Subsidiaries of the Company | |
31.1 | | Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
31.2 | | Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
32.1 | | Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
32.2 | | Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
| | | * |
* | Filed herewith |
** | Included in Exhibit 3.2 |
(1) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 10-SB on April 30, 2004 |
(2) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on June 25, 2008 |
(3) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on October 2, 2008 |
(4) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on April 15, 2008 |
(5) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on July 2, 2008 |
(6) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on September 24, 2008 |
(7) Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on February 23, 2009 |
|
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
| | |
Date: March 30, 2009 | By: | /s/ Michael J. Pawelek |
| Michael J. Pawelek |
| President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
| SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
| | |
Date: March 30, 2009 | By: | /s/ Sherry L. Spurlock |
| Sherry L. Spurlock |
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | | Title | | Date |
| | | | |
/s/ Michael J. Pawelek | | Chairman of the Board, President | | March 30, 2009 |
Michael J. Pawelek | | and Chief Executive Officer | | |
| | | | |
/s/ David P. Lieberman | | Director | | March 30, 2009 |
David P. Lieberman | | | | |
| | | | |
/s/ Stanley A. Hirschman | | Director | | March 30, 2009 |
Stanley A. Hirschman | | | | |
| | | | |
/s/ Bryce W. Rhodes | | Director | | March 30, 2009 |
Bryce W. Rhodes | | | | |
| | | | |
/s/ Doyle A. Valdez | | Director | | March 30, 2009 |
Doyle A. Valdez | | | | |
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| | Page |
| | |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | | F-2 |
| | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | F-3 |
| | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | F-4 |
| | |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | F-5 |
| | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | F-6 |
| | |
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements | | F-7 |
| | |
Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) | | |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY and Subsidiaries
San Antonio, Texas
We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of South Texas Oil Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with Standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of South Texas Oil Company and subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Causey Demgen & Moore Inc. |
Causey Demgen & Moore Inc.
Denver, Colorado
March 30, 2009
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
Current Assets | | | | | | |
Cash and equivalents | | $ | 4,254,642 | | | $ | 2,186,428 | |
Accounts receivable | | | 3,084,498 | | | | 4,226,171 | |
Prepaid expenses and other | | | 279,574 | | | | 4,249 | |
Assets held for sale | | | 9,520,109 | | | | - | |
Total current assets | | | 17,138,823 | | | | 6,416,848 | |
Property and Equipment: | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method | | | | | | | | |
Proved properties | | | 49,489,536 | | | | 23,383,575 | |
Unproved properties | | | 5,868,754 | | | | 30,757,344 | |
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | (9,656,545 | ) | | | (5,727,612 | ) |
| | | 45,701,745 | | | | 48,413,307 | |
Other property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
Drilling equipment | | | 1,300,000 | | | | 3,138,258 | |
Vehicles | | | 288,632 | | | | 172,608 | |
Other | | | 189,811 | | | | 119,495 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (173,522 | ) | | | (130,397 | ) |
Total other property and equipment, net | | | 1,604,921 | | | | 3,299,964 | |
Total property and equipment, net | | | 47,306,666 | | | | 51,713,271 | |
Debt issuance costs, net of amortization | | | 3,456,094 | | | | 5,298,274 | |
Total Assets | | $ | 67,901,583 | | | $ | 63,428,393 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current Liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable, trade | | $ | 7,628,453 | | | $ | 1,564,243 | |
Other payables and accrued liabilities | | | 1,598,994 | | | | 3,349,067 | |
Participant advances received | | | 69,313 | | | | 120,622 | |
Current maturities of notes payable and long-term debt | | | 17,146,710 | | | | 1,404,185 | |
Current maturities of notes payable, related parties | | | 25,325,341 | | | | 17,067 | |
Current portion of deferred liability | | | 1,000,000 | | | | - | |
Total current liabilities | | | 52,768,811 | | | | 6,455,184 | |
Noncurrent Liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Notes payable and long-term debt | | | 727,128 | | | | 24,986,861 | |
Asset retirement obligation, net of current portion | | | 948,821 | | | | 801,941 | |
Deferred liability, net of current portion | | | 500,000 | | | | - | |
Total noncurrent liabilities | | | 2,175,949 | | | | 25,788,802 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stockholders' Equity | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares | | | | | | | | |
authorized, none issued or outstanding | | | - | | | | - | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, | | | | | | | | |
17,738,862 shares issued, 16,730,529 shares outstanding (2008) | | | | | | | | |
and 16,482,571 shares issued and outstanding (2007) | | | 17,740 | | | | 16,483 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 44,321,215 | | | | 39,921,615 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (28,480,122 | ) | | | (8,753,691 | ) |
Less treasury stock, at cost, 1,008,333 shares | | | (2,902,010 | ) | | | - | |
Total stockholders' equity | | | 12,956,823 | | | | 31,184,407 | |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | | $ | 67,901,583 | | | $ | 63,428,393 | |
See notes to audited consolidated financial statements.
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
Consolidated Statements of Operations |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Revenues | | | | | | |
Oil and gas sales | | $ | 9,259,130 | | | $ | 5,351,595 | |
Drilling services | | | - | | | | 341,312 | |
Total revenues | | | 9,259,130 | | | | 5,692,907 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Costs and Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Production expenses | | | 3,821,758 | | | | 1,921,091 | |
Production taxes | | | 348,649 | | | | 275,335 | |
Drilling services costs | | | 263,717 | | | | 281,051 | |
Exploration expenses | | | 342,387 | | | | - | |
General and administrative expenses | | | 7,897,666 | | | | 2,092,243 | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | 4,401,913 | | | | 4,881,975 | |
Total costs and expenses | | | 17,076,090 | | | | 9,451,695 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss from Operations | | | (7,816,960 | ) | | | (3,758,788 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Other Income (Expense) | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 21,158 | | | | 27,929 | |
Loss from derivatives | | | (4,822,720 | ) | | | - | |
Interest expense | | | (4,218,095 | ) | | | (967,695 | ) |
Debt issuance costs amortization | | | (2,776,834 | ) | | | (1,902,670 | ) |
Loss on conversion of debt | | | (112,980 | ) | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other income (expense), net | | | (11,909,471 | ) | | | (2,842,436 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Loss Before Tax | | | (19,726,431 | ) | | | (6,601,224 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Loss | | $ | (19,726,431 | ) | | $ | (6,601,224 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss Per Common Share: | | | | | | | | |
Basic and Diluted | | $ | (1.23 | ) | | $ | (0.45 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | |
Basic and Diluted | | | 16,028, 178 | | | | 14,679,659 | |
See notes to audited consolidated financial statements.
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity |
| | | | | Additional | | | | | | | | | | | | Total | |
| | Common Stock | | | Paid-In | | | Subscription | | | Accumulated | | | Treasury | | | Stockholders' | |
| | Shares | | | Amount | | | Capital | | | Receivable | | | Deficit | | | Stock | | | Equity | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2006 | | | 13,444,743 | | | $ | 13,445 | | | $ | 13,580,620 | | | $ | (7,500,000 | ) | | $ | (2,152,467 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | 3,941,598 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued in payment of royalties | | | 13,098 | | | | 13 | | | | 74,146 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 74,159 | |
Cashless exercise of stock options | | | 787,652 | | | | 788 | | | | (788 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Warrants issued in connection with loan agreement | | | - | | | | - | | | | 5,700,945 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 5,700,945 | |
Vehicle contributed by related party | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,151 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,151 | |
Shares issued for asset acquisitions: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Colorado leases | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7,500,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7,500,000 | |
Leexus Operating Company | | | 2,000,000 | | | | 2,000 | | | | 18,978,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 18,980,000 | |
Oil and gas interests of Diversity Petroleum, LLP | | | 105,820 | | | | 106 | | | | 999,894 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,000,000 | |
Drilling rig from Granite Energy, Inc. | | | 32,258 | | | | 32 | | | | 299,968 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 300,000 | |
Issued to escrow for drilling rig purchase | | | 93,000 | | | | 93 | | | | (93 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Stock options issued in exchange for services | | | - | | | | - | | | | 229,778 | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | 229,778 | |
Shares issued in exchange for services | | | 6,000 | | | | 6 | | | | 56,994 | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | 57,000 | |
Net loss for the year | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (6,601,224 | ) | | | - | | | | (6,601,224 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2007 | | | 16,482,571 | | | | 16,483 | | | | 39,921,615 | | | | - | | | | (8,753,691 | ) | | | - | | | $ | 31,184,407 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock grants | | | 774,792 | | | | 775 | | | | 2,843,393 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,844,168 | |
Non-cash stock compensation | | | - | | | | - | | | | 478,170 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 478,170 | |
Shares repurchased into treasury | | | (1,008,333 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (2,902,010 | ) | | | (2,902,010 | ) |
Shares issued in exchange for debt | | | 403,499 | | | | 404 | | | | 774,315 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 774,719 | |
Shares issued in exchange for services | | | 78,000 | | | | 78 | | | | 303,722 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 303,800 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss for the year | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (19,726,431 | ) | | | - | | | | (19,726,431 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2008 | | | 16,730,529 | | | $ | 17,740 | | | $ | 44,321,215 | | | $ | - | | | $ | (28,480,122 | ) | | $ | (2,902,010 | ) | | $ | 12,956,823 | |
See notes to audited consolidated financial statements.
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Operating Activities | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (19,726,431 | ) | | $ | (6,601,224 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to | | | | | | | | |
net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | 4,401,913 | | | | 4,881,975 | |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | | | 2,776,834 | | | | 1,902,670 | |
Amortization of deferred stock compensation | | | 3,322,338 | | | | 286,778 | |
Amortization of debt discount | | | 334,413 | | | | 205,345 | |
Compensatory common stock and option issuances | | | 303,800 | | | | - | |
Common stock issued for royalties | | | - | | | | 74,159 | |
Accretion of discount on asset retirement obligation | | | 135,944 | | | | - | |
Loss on conversion of debt to equity | | | 112,980 | | | | - | |
Loss on sale of other property and equipment | | | 1,889 | | | | - | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | 1,141,673 | | | | (4,185,941 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other | | | (275,325 | ) | | | 5,500 | |
Accounts payable | | | 6,064,210 | | | | 1,546,991 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | (1,750,073 | ) | | | 3,389,407 | |
Participant advances received | | | (51,309 | ) | | | - | |
Deferred liability | | | 1,500,000 | | | | - | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | (1,707,144 | ) | | | 1,505,660 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investing Activities | | | | | | | | |
Purchases and development of oil and gas | | | | | | | | |
properties | | | (9,152,895 | ) | | | (22,145,848 | ) |
Proceeds from disposition of other property and equipment | | | 78,949 | | | | - | |
Purchase of other property and equipment | | | (432,425 | ) | | | - | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (9,506,371 | ) | | | (22,145,848 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Financing Activities | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from notes payable and long-term debt | | | 13,380,292 | | | | 21,877,350 | |
Proceeds from notes payable, related party | | | 7,500,000 | | | - | |
Payments of notes payable and long-term debt | | | (3,744,832 | ) | | | (272,970 | ) |
Debt issuance costs incurred | | | (934,654 | ) | | | - | |
Payments of related party notes payable | | | (17,067 | ) | | | (50,914 | ) |
Purchase of treasury shares | | | (2,902,010 | ) | | | - | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 13,281,729 | | | | 21,553,466 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Increase in Cash and Equivalents | | | 2,068,214 | | | | 913,278 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | | | 2,186,428 | | | | 1,273,150 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and Equivalents at End of Period | | $ | 4,254,642 | | | $ | 2,186,428 | |
Supplemental Disclosures: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 1,231,292 | | | $ | 207,361 | |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of property, plant and equipment with directly related debt | | $ | - | | | $ | 4,581,321 | |
Purchase of property, plant and equipment with common stock | | | - | | | | 27,780,000 | |
Increase in property, plant and equipment for asset retirement obligation | | | 10,936 | | | | 424,165 | |
Warrants issued for debt origination | | | - | | | | 5,700,945 | |
Vehicle contributed by a related party | | | - | | | | 2,151 | |
Overriding royalty interests granted for debt origination | | | 375,000 | | | | 1,500,000 | |
See notes to audited consolidated financial statements.
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2008
NOTE 1 – DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
South Texas Oil Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 31, 2001 as Nutek Oil, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Nutek, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Nutek”). The Company’s Articles of Incorporation presently authorize 50,000,000 shares of common stock at $.001 par value and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock at $.001 par value. On August 1, 2001 and January 8, 2004, Nutek made distributions of the Company’s common stock to its stockholders pursuant to a planned “spin-off” that resulted in all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock being held by the stockholders of Nutek. On April 1, 2005, the Company’s name was changed from Nutek Oil, Inc. to South Texas Oil Company. Our business activities are primarily conducted through our wholly owned subsidiaries, Southern Texas Oil Company, STO Drilling Company, STO Operating Company, and STO Properties LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of STO Operating Company. The Company operates in one reportable segment engaged in the exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas properties.
At December 31, 2008, the Company had a working capital deficit of $35.6 million, including $42.5 million currently due related to long-term debt. Long-term debt repayment scheduled for 2009 includes $7.0 million in senior notes payable due in September 2009, and $34.3 in notes payable under the credit facility due in December 2009. Additionally, the Company has accounts payable and accrued liabilities outstanding at December 31, 2008, of $9.2 million. If the Company is unable to service its debt, it may be required, but unable to refinance all or part of its existing debt. If the Company is unable to pay, or otherwise resolve, its accounts payable balances in a timely manner, the vendors to whom the Company owes unpaid balances may cause liens to be filed against the Company’s oil and natural gas properties. The Company may also suffer the refusal or withdrawal of trade credit from vendors as a consequence of non-timely accounts payable payment. These factors could disrupt the Company’s ability to conduct operations on its properties and affect the ability to initiate and/or complete the capital expenditure activities budgeted for 2009. Historically the Company’s revenues have not been sufficient to provide all of its cash needs, and the Company has relied on borrowings from private investors to provide the cash needed to meet both short and long-term liquidity requirements. Management does not believe that current cash balances and cash flows from operations during 2009 will be sufficient to fund the Company’s cash requirements, and additional capital will be required.
Management is engaged in the pursuit of potential debt and/or equity financing and in the evaluation of other alternatives, such as joint ventures with third parties or sales of interests in certain of the Company’s assets. As part of management’s strategy for addressing the Company’s liquidity and capital resources needs, subsequent to year end the Company entered into a definitive agreement with one of its lenders providing for comprehensive debt restructuring and a non-core asset divestiture. These transactions have not yet closed pending SEC review of our Information Statement on Form 14C, and are subject to customary closing conditions. The agreement provides for the issuance of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in exchange for approximately $16.3 million of the notes payable under the credit facility with a maturity date of December 2008, and an exchange of certain of the Company’s non-core assets for the extinguishment of approximately $9.8 million of additional notes payable under the credit facility maturing in December 2008. Refer to Note 11 – Subsequent Events for additional information regarding these transactions.
At December 31, 2008, the Company reported substantial growth over the prior year end in estimated total proved oil and natural gas reserves. Management believes this contributes to the Company’s ability to pursue new sources of debt and/or equity financing for the development of the Company’s reserves.
Due to current capital and credit market conditions in which numerous financial institutions have effectively restricted current liquidity within the capital markets throughout the United States and the world, management cannot be certain that funding will be available to us in required amounts or on acceptable terms. If the Company is not successful in obtaining sufficient funding or completing an alternative transaction or transactions on a timely basis on acceptable terms, the Company could be required to curtail expenditures or restructure operations, and it would be unable to implement the 2009 capital expenditure program, either of which could have a material adverse affect on the business.
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to proved oil and natural gas reserve volumes, future development costs, oil and natural gas revenues and expenses and deferred income taxes. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Estimates that may significantly impact the Company financial statements include reserves, depletion, and impairment on oil and natural gas properties.
Consolidation: The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of South Texas Oil Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the “Company.” All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Revenue Recognition: Oil and natural gas revenue is recognized from the Company’s interest in producing wells as the oil and natural gas is produced and sold from those wells to third parties. Oil and gas sold by the Company is not significantly different from the Company’s share of production in its producing wells.
Reclassifications: Certain amounts for 2007, none of which were significant, have been reclassified to conform to the 2008 presentation.
Cash and Equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable are reported at outstanding principal net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0 at December 31, 2008. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on the Company’s historical losses, as well as review of specific accounts. Accounts are charged off when collection efforts have failed and the account is deemed uncollectible. The Company does not charge interest on accounts receivable. Accounts receivable greater than 90 days past due at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were $77,354 and $45,616, respectively.
Oil and Natural Gas Properties: The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and natural gas properties. Exploration costs such as exploratory geological and geophysical costs and delay rentals are charged against earnings as incurred The costs to acquire, drill and equip exploratory wells are capitalized pending determinations of whether proved reserves can be attributed to the Company’s interests as a result of drilling the well. If management determines that commercial quantities of oil and natural gas have not been discovered, costs associated with exploratory wells are charged to exploration expense. Costs to acquire mineral interests, to drill and equip development wells, to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, and related costs to plug and abandon wells and costs of site restoration are capitalized.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) of oil and gas properties is computed using the unit-of-production method based on recoverable reserves as estimated by the Company’s independent reservoir engineers. Capitalized acquisition costs are depleted based on total estimated proved developed and proved undeveloped reserve quantities. Capitalized costs to drill and equip wells are depreciated and amortized based on total estimated proved developed reserve quantities. Investments in unproved properties are not amortized until proved reserves associated with the prospects can be determined or until impairment occurs. Oil and natural gas properties are periodically assessed for impairment. If the unamortized capitalized costs of proved properties are in excess of estimated undiscounted future cash flows before income taxes, the property is impaired. Estimated future cash flows are determined using management’s best estimates and may be calculated using prices consistent with management expectations for the Company’s future oil and natural gas sales. Unproved oil and natural gas properties are also periodically assessed for impairment, and a valuation allowance is provided if impairment is indicated. Impairment costs are included in exploration expense. Costs of expired or abandoned leases are charged against the valuation allowance. Costs of properties that become productive are transferred to proved oil and natural gas properties.
Sales of entire interests in proved and unproved properties, and sales of partial interests of proved properties result in the recognition of gains or losses. Sales of partial interests in unproved properties are generally treated as a recovery of the cost of the interests retained.
Other Property and Equipment: Other property and equipment is recorded at historical cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the assets ranging from five years for office equipment and vehicles to twenty years for drilling rigs. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized while repairs are expensed as incurred.
Debt Issuance Costs: Costs incurred in connection with obtaining debt financing are capitalized and amortized over the term of the related debt.
Asset Retirement Obligation: The fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recognized when it is probable an obligation has been incurred and the obligation can be reasonably estimated. This generally occurs when a well is completed for production. The liability is accreted to its present value each reporting period, and the corresponding capitalized cost is depreciated over the estimated useful life of the related asset. Gain or loss is recognized at the time the asset retirement obligation is settled, if settlement occurs for an amount other than the recorded liability.
Treasury Stock: Treasury stock purchases are recorded at cost.
Stock Based Compensation: The Company records stock based compensation based on the estimated fair value of the awards on the date of grant. Forfeitures of awards are estimated based on the Company’s experience, and recognizes compensation only for those awards expected to vest. Compensation expense is amortized over the estimated service period, which is the shorter of the period required for the award to vest or the derived service period implied by special accelerated vesting provisions, when they might exist as a feature of the award granted.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: The Company from time to time enters into derivative contracts, including price swaps, caps and floors, to manage the risks associated with changes in commodity prices related to the sale of its future oil and natural gas production. These contracts require payments to (or receipts from) counter parties based on the differential between a fixed price and a variable price for a fixed quantity of oil or natural gas without the actual exchange of the underlying volumes. The accounting for these transactions is determined on a contract by contract basis, depending on the terms of the contract.
During 2008, the Company entered into derivative instruments covering the period January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, no open contracts remained and no related balances were reported on the balance sheet. All amounts realized as a result of the 2008 derivative instruments and hedging activities were fully recognized as a component of net income in the statement of operations for the period.
Income Taxes: Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of changes in tax rates of deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period of enactment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when management expects it is more likely than not that a portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share: Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. Diluted earnings per share are computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus common stock equivalents for dilutive securities outstanding. The treasury stock method is used to calculate the effect of outstanding stock options and warrants. Dilutive securities or common stock equivalents having an anti-dilutive effect on diluted earnings (loss) per share are excluded from the calculation of earnings per share for the period in which the security is anti-dilutive.
Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity during a reporting period resulting from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, and is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income. The Company’s financial statements do not include any sources of other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Concentrations of Credit Risk: Credit risk represents the accounting loss that would be recognized if counter parties to the Company’s transactions failed completely to perform as contracted. Concentrations of credit risk that arise from financial instruments exist for groups of customers or counter parties when they have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligation to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and equivalents, and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash with major financial institutions, which from time to time, may exceed federally insured limits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand, and, therefore, management believes the risk of loss is minimal. Substantially all of the Company’s accounts receivable is from oil and gas sales and joint interest billings to third parties in the oil and natural gas industry. Collateral is generally not required. This concentration of customers and joint working interest owners may affect the Company’s credit risk because these parties may be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions. Historically, the Company has not experienced credit losses on receivables.
For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company’s single largest customer accounted for 70% and 69%, respectively, of the Company’s total oil and gas revenues. Management does not believe the loss of the Company’s largest customer would materially affect the Company’s ability to sell its oil production.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Current assets and current liabilities are reflected in the accompanying financial statements at cost, which approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Long-term debt is based on secondary market indices. Since it is not quoted, estimates are based on obligations’ characteristics, including maturities, interest rates, credit rating, collateral, amortization schedule and liquidity. The carrying amount approximates fair value.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
FASB Statement of Accounting Standard No. 157, “Fair Value Measurement” (“SFAS 157”): SFAS 157, issued in September 2006, defines fair value, provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. It applies whenever other standards require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but it does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. In November 2007, the effective date was deferred for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. The provisions of SFAS No. 157 that were not deferred are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS No. 157, effective January 1, 2008, did not have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”): SFAS 159, issued in February 2007, allows entities the option to measure the eligible financial instruments at fair value as of specified dates. Such election, which may be applied on an instrument by instrument basis, is typically irrevocable once elected. SFAS No. 159 is effective fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and early application is allowed under certain circumstances. The adoption of SFAS No. 159, effective January 1, 2008, did not have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141 (R)”): SFAS No. 141(R) was issued in December 2007 to replace SFAS 141. SFAS 141 (R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any non-controlling interest in the acquire and the goodwill acquired. The Statement also establishes disclosure requirements, which will enable users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141 (R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141 (R) will have an impact on accounting for business combinations once adopted, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“SFAS 160”): SFAS 160, issued in December 2007, establishes accounting and reporting standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the valuation of retained noncontrolling equity investments when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company does not currently have any non-controlling interests and does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”): SFAS 161, issued in March 2008, requires new and expanded disclosures regarding hedging activities. These disclosures include, but are not limited to, a tabular presentation of derivative data; financial statement presentation of fair values on a gross basis, including those that currently qualify for netting under FASB Interpretation No. 39; and specific footnote narrative regarding how and why derivatives are used. The disclosures are required in all interim and annual reports. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations
FASB Statement of Accounting Standards No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”): SFAS 162, issued in May 2008, is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent hierarchy for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following the Security Exchange Commission's approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Auditing amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of "Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles."
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Release No. 33-8995, “Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting”: Issued December 31, 2008, SEC Release No. 33-8995 revised disclosure requirements for oil and gas companies. In addition to changing the definition and disclosure requirements for oil and gas reserves, the new rules change the requirements for determining oil and gas reserve quantities. These rules permit the use of new technologies to determine proved reserves under certain criteria and allow companies to disclose their probable and possible reserves. The new rules also require companies to report the independence and qualifications of their reserves preparer or auditor and file reports when a third party is relied upon to prepare reserves estimates or conducts a reserves audit. The new rules also require that oil and gas reserves be reported and the full cost ceiling limitation be calculated using a 12-month average price rather than period-end prices. The use of a 12-month average price could have an effect on the Company’s depletion rates for its natural gas and crude oil properties. The new rule is effective for annual reports on Form 10-K for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009, pending the potential alignment of certain accounting standards by the FASB with the new rule. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SEC Release No. 33-8995 on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
NOTE 3 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are summarized as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties | | $ | 55,358,290 | | | $ | 54,140,919 | |
Accumulated DD&A | | | (9,656,545 | ) | | | (5,727,612 | ) |
| | | 45,701,745 | | | | 48,413,307 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other property and equipment | | | 1,778,443 | | | | 3,430,361 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | (173,522 | ) | | | (130,397 | ) |
| | | 1,604,921 | | | | 3,299,964 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 47,306,666 | | | $ | 51,713,271 | |
Assets Held for Sale
Assets held for sale at December 31, 2008 include the Colorado DJ Basin oil and gas properties and one of the Company’s drilling rigs and associated assets in connection with the pending transaction that includes an agreement to sell the Company’s interest in these assets in exchange for the discharge of a portion of the Company’s outstanding debt. Refer to Note 11 – Subsequent Events for a description of the pending transaction.
As of December 31, 2008, assets held for sale includes the following balances:
Property and Equipment: | | | |
Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method | | | |
Proved properties | | $ | 828,850 | |
Unproved properties | | | 7,117,610 | |
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | (267,922 | ) |
Total oil and gas properties, net | | | 7,678,538 | |
| | | | |
Other property and equipment | | | | |
Drilling equipment | | | 1,980,004 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (138,433 | ) |
Total other property and equipment, net | | | 1,841,571 | |
| | | | |
Total property and equipment, net | | $ | 9,520,109 | |
2008 Acquisition Activities
The Company did not complete any significant oil and gas property acquisition transactions during 2008.
2007 Acquisition Activities
During 2007, the Company completed several oil and gas property acquisition transactions as follows:
| · | In April 2007, the Company entered into a merger agreement under which Leexus Operating Company was acquired from the selling shareholders of Leexus Properties Corp. (the “Sellers”). The Company received approximately $6.1 million in proved oil and gas properties and approximately $18.2 million in unproved oil and gas properties in exchange for cash of $3.0 million, a note payable to the Sellers with a discounted value at closing of $2.3 million and 2 million shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair market value on the date of issuance at $19.0 million. The note payable was issued with an adjusted principal amount of $4.5 million before discount, an annual effective interest rate of 12.5% and a repayment calculated based on the production rates of the oil and gas properties underlying the transaction. A portion of the common stock issued in this transaction was returned to the Company and the balance of the note payable to the Sellers was reduced during 2008 pursuant to a settlement agreement entered into by the Company and certain of the parties comprising the Sellers. Refer to description at Note 4 – Long-Term Debt. |
| · | In April 2007, the Company entered into an equipment purchase agreement to acquire a drilling rig and related equipment for a total purchase price of $1.1 million. The Company paid $885,418 in cash and issued an $180,000 non-interest bearing note to the seller. The note was recorded on the date of acquisition with a discounted value of $152,794 to yield an effective annual interest rate of 12.25%. During 2007, the value of the note was decreased by $62,683 as a purchase price adjustment related to repair costs incurred by the Company during the seller’s warranty period. |
| · | During June and August 2007, the Company acquired additional interests from selling parties in oil and gas properties located in the fields in which the Company originally acquired interests via Leexus Operating Company. The cumulative purchase price in these transactions was $2.1 million and was paid to the selling parties in cash. The entire purchase price was allocated to proved oil and gas properties. |
| · | In September 2007, the Company acquired a second drilling rig for a total purchase price of $1.3 million. The Company paid to the seller $300,000 in cash, issued to the seller a note payable for $700,000 bearing interest at 7% annually, payable over two years, and issued 32,258 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $300,000 on the date of issuance. |
| · | Also in September 2007, the Company purchased oil and gas properties with a total purchase price of $10.0 million. The Company paid to the seller $7.5 million in cash, issued a promissory note payable for $1.5 million bearing interest at 10% per year (only in the event of default on the note), payable over two years, and issued 105,820 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $1.0 million on the date of issuance. The note was recorded on the date of acquisition with a discounted value of $1,331,010 to yield an effective annual interest rate of 11.75% until maturity of the note. |
NOTE 4 - LONG-TERM DEBT
As of December 31, 2008, the Company’s notes payable and long-term debt consists of the following:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Junior notes payable under credit facility | | $ | 25,325,341 | | | $ | - | |
Senior notes payable under credit facility | | | 8,963,033 | | | | 21,877,351 | |
Senior notes payable under 2008 bridge loan | | | 7,000,000 | | | | - | |
Discount on senior notes payable under 2008 bridge loan | | | (187,501 | ) | | | - | |
Installment and promissory notes to finance purchases of certain oil and gas assets and | | | | | | | | |
related equipment | | | 2,595,054 | | | | 6,632,125 | |
Installment notes to finance purchase of company vehicles | | | 109,682 | | | | 55,437 | |
Discount on other notes payable related to certain asset purchases | | | (606,430 | ) | | | (2,156,800 | ) |
| | | 43,199,179 | | | | 26,408,113 | |
Less Current Maturities | | | 42,472,051 | | | | 1,421,252 | |
Long-Term Debt | | $ | 727,128 | | | $ | 24,986,861 | |
Longview/Marquis Facility
As of December 31, 2008, the Company had a $32.5 million credit facility with The Longview Fund, L.P. (“Longview”) and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. (“Marquis”) with a total of $34.3 million outstanding, which included $1.9 million for interest accrued on the facility during the second and third quarters of 2008 added to the principal of the underlying notes. Borrowings under the facility accrue interest at a rate equal to 12.5%.
The Company originally obtained the credit facility in January 2007, at which time the facility had an initial borrowing limit of $15.0 million that was later increased to $30.0 million in September 2007. In connection with the increase in borrowing limit, the Company agreed to grant to Longview a perpetual overriding royalty interest in the oil and gas production of certain of the Company’s properties, and the Company granted security and pledge agreements that provided Longview with first priority security interests in substantially all of the Company’s assets.
In April 2008, the Company amended and restated the credit facility with Longview and Marquis. By further amendment in April 2008, the Company agreed to grant to Longview and Marquis certain mortgages in the Company’s oil and gas producing properties and a perpetual overriding royalty interest in the oil and gas production of all of the Company’s current and future interests in the real property then owned by the Company.
On June 30, 2008, the Company, Longview and Marquis entered into another amendment to the credit facility, which (i) increased the aggregate maximum amount of senior secured notes from $32.0 million to $32.5 million and (ii) amended the senior secured notes to provide that the interest amounts due and payable under the senior secured notes will be capitalized and added to the principal amount of the senior secured notes for all interest amounts payable prior to the earlier of (a) December 31, 2008 and (b) the date on which the Company has received an aggregate of at least $15.0 million in gross proceeds in one or more transactions occurring after June 30, 2008 from any sales of debt and/or equity securities of the Company, any other debt or equity financings, any farm-out financing transaction that does not include operating obligations of the financing party as a material term of the transaction, and any sales of the Company’s oil and gas assets.
In September 2008, the notes payable to Longview under the facility were amended to provide for the payment-in-kind, or adding to the principal amount of the notes, interest accrued during the fourth quarter of 2008 through the January 2, 2009 scheduled interest payment date. On January 2, 2009, approximately $807,059 was added to the principal of the outstanding Longview notes to pay-in-kind interest accrued through that date.
Refer to Note 8 regarding related parties for a description of Longview as a related party to the Company.
Additional Marquis Debt
During April and May 2008, the Company obtained an agreement from Marquis to provide funding for the payment of margin calls made on the Company related to its derivative trading activities. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company received from Marquis a total of $1,571,922 in exchange for the issuance of subordinated demand promissory notes. As of June 30, 2008, Marquis had made demand payment of, and the Company paid two of the notes totaling $934,307. On September 19, 2008 in connection with entering into the Marquis Senior Secured Debt, the final note balance plus unpaid accrued interest, a total of $661,739, was converted into 403,499 shares of the Company’s common stock. The interest rate for these notes was 10%.
Marquis Senior Secured Debt
On September 19, 2008, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with Marquis, pursuant to which on such date, among other things, the Company issued and sold to Marquis a senior secured note in an original principal amount of $7,000,000 (the “Senior Secured Note”), for gross proceeds of $6,750,000, prior to the Company’s payment of expenses incurred by the Company and Marquis in connection with the transactions under the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Senior Secured Note carries an interest rate of 12.5% per annum payable quarterly in cash and matures in September 2009. Upon the Company’s prepayment of all or any portion of the Senior Secured Note or at maturity, Marquis has the option to convert up to 50% of the principal (and interest relating thereto) to be paid by the Company on such date of prepayment or maturity, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion rate of $4.00 per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits and other events).
The Senior Secured Note is secured by a general security interest in all of the tangible and intangible current and future assets owned or acquired by the Company and its subsidiaries (including mortgages on the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ real property interests), which have guaranteed the obligations of the Company under the Senior Secured Note and other transaction documents. Marquis’ secured position in this transaction is senior to the rights of all other secured parties, including the rights of Longview under that certain securities purchase agreement, as amended (the “April 2008 Purchase Agreement”) dated as of April 1, 2008, among the Company, Marquis and Longview, pursuant to which the Company has issued and sold secured notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $34,288,374 (the “Existing Notes”), except for the previously secured rights of Marquis, which continued to rank pari passu with the rights granted to Marquis under the Senior Secured Note. In conjunction with the transactions described in the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into a September 2008 Waiver and Amendment with Marquis and Longview, pursuant to which the parties amended and waived certain provisions and covenants, including a financial covenant, contained in the Existing Notes issued to Longview and the April 2008 Purchase Agreement that conflicted with the terms and conditions of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby.
Additionally, under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company retired the outstanding Marquis subordinated demand notes held by Marquis, which demand notes had an aggregate principal balance due of $637,615 plus accrued interest, in exchange for 403,499 shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Company conveyed to Marquis a 1.0% perpetual overriding royalty interest in the oil and gas production of all of the Company’s current and future interests in the real property then owned by the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the overriding royalty conveyance, the Company has the conditional option, beginning on September 19, 2009 and terminating on September 19, 2010, to repurchase the overriding royalty interests conveyed in exchange for a number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the adjusted fair market value of the conveyed overriding royalty interests, based upon an independent appraisal at the time the election is made by the Company, divided by a 20-day average trading price of the Company’s common stock at the time of repurchase, and subject to certain conditions, including without limitation, that (i) the Company’s average prior 20-day trading volume is at least 125,000 shares, (ii) the prior 20-day average price per share of its common stock is at least $3.00 per share, and (iii) the shares to be exchanged are registered for public resale pursuant to an effective registration statement.
The notes outstanding under the Longview/Marquis Facility and the Senior Secured Note contain various restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional debt, investments, liens, dividends, prepayments of indebtedness, asset divestitures, mergers and consolidations, transactions with affiliates and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. Further these notes require the maintenance of certain average daily rates of barrels of oil equivalent production, measured on a calendar quarterly basis.
Other Notes Payable
The total of the Company’s other notes payable and long-term debt at December 31, 2008 was $2.1 million and comprised of amounts due to various parties as a result of oil and gas and other property purchases. Repayment of these obligations is due over a period ranging from less than one year to greater than five years. Effective annual interest rates for these obligations range from 4.9% to 12.25%.
The following is a schedule of principal maturities of debt as of December 31, 2008:
Year Ended December 31, | | | |
2009 | | $ | 42,472,051 | |
2010 | | | 209,536 | |
2011 | | | 149,098 | |
2012 | | | 150,930 | |
2013 | | | 133,865 | |
Thereafter | | | 877,630 | |
Total | | $ | 43,993,110 | |
The above schedule of debt maturities includes $25,325,341 related to notes payable to Longview maturing in 2009.
NOTE 5 – DEFERRED LIABILITY
Settlement Agreement
On May 15, 2008, the Company settled a lawsuit and counter-lawsuit between Leexus Oil & Gas, LLP, Mark Jaehne, and Bennie Jaehne regarding disputes arising under a previously reported Agreement and Plan of Merger dated April 20, 2007 (the “Merger Agreement”). The Merger Agreement called for us to pay $4.0 million over time based on a percentage of the production of certain oil and gas interests acquired under the Merger Agreement and issue of 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to the selling shareholders of Leexus, 1,333,333 shares of which were delivered to the Jaehnes at closing.
The settlement agreement provided for the Company’s payment on the settlement date of $2.0 million and future payments totaling $2.0 million, payable in four future installments, which will extinguish all of the Company’s past, current and future obligations due to the Jaehnes as selling shareholders under the Merger Agreement. The settlement also provides for the return of 1,333,333 shares of the Company’s common stock previously issued to the Jaehnes, of which 900,000 shares were returned on the settlement date. The first of the four installments was paid during the fourth quarter of 2008, and 108,333 additional shares of our common stock was returned to us. As of December 31, 2008, a total liability of $1.5 million is included on the Company’s balance sheet as long-term debt, $1.0 million of which is classified as current, and $500,000 of which is non-current. As scheduled according to the terms of the settlement agreement, the Company has committed to purchase the remaining 325,000 shares of common stocks in three remaining installments during 2009 and 2010.
NOTE 6 – ASSET RETIREMENT COSTS AND OBLIGATIONS
An asset retirement obligation is provided to reflect the Company’s legal obligations related to future plugging and abandonment of its wells. The following is a reconciliation of the asset retirement obligation for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 854,941 | | | $ | 459,060 | |
Liabilities incurred | | | 57,073 | | | | 349,183 | |
Liabilities, change in estimate | | | (58,949 | ) | | | - | |
Liabilities settled | | | - | | | | - | |
Accretion of obligation | | | 135,944 | | | | 46,698 | |
Balance, end of period | | | 989,009 | | | | 854,941 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Current Portion Asset Retirement Obligation | | | 40,188 | | | | 53,000 | |
Deferred Asset Retirement Obligation | | $ | 948,821 | | | $ | 801,941 | |
NOTE 7 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
During 2008, the Company issued 403,499 shares of common stock in settlement of $661,739 of certain subordinated demand promissory notes and related accrued interest. The Company issued 78,000 shares to third parties as compensation for services valued at $303,800 during the year.
On May 15, 2008, the Company settled a lawsuit and counter lawsuit regarding disputes arising under an agreement related to the acquisition of certain assets in 2007 that called for the Company to issue shares of common stock to the counter parties, 1,333,333 shares of which were delivered in 2007. The May 2008 settlement agreement provided for the return of 1,333,333 shares of the Company’s common stock previously issued, of which 1,008,333 shares were returned during 2008. As scheduled according to the terms of the settlement agreement, the Company has committed to purchase the remaining 325,000 shares of common stock in three remaining installments during 2009 and 2010.
Refer to Note 3 – Property and Equipment, for a description of 2007 acquisition transactions involving the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock.
Preferred Stock
The Company has authorized 5 million shares of preferred stock. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, there were no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Stock Warrants
During 2007, the Company granted warrants to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock in connection with the origination of debt issued to Longview as described in Note 4. The value assigned to these warrants on the date of issuance was $5,700,945 and was calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions: risk free interest rate, 5% expected dividend yield, 0% expected volatility, 180% and expected weighted average life, five years. This cost was accounted for as capitalized debt issuance costs and is amortized over the life of the related notes payable.
The following table summarizes activity relating to the Company’s stock warrants:
| | Shares Under Warrant | | | Exercise Price | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2006 | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Granted | | | 1,000,000 | | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2007 | | | 1,000,000 | | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
Granted | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2008 | | | 1,000,000 | | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
The following table summarizes information about stock warrants outstanding at December 31, 2008:
| Warrants Outstanding | | | Warrants Exercisable | |
| Exercise Price | | Number Outstanding | | Wt. Avg. Remaining Contractual Life | | Wt. Avg. Exercise Price | | | Number Exercisable | | | Wt. Avg. Exercisable Price | |
$ | 10.00 | | | 1,000,000 | | 3.1 years | | $ | 10.00 | | | | 1,000,000 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
Stock Options
In October 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Stock Compensation Plan. This plan provided for the issuance of 650,000 shares of common stock upon the exercise of options granted to management, employees and directors of the Company. This plan has not been approved by the Company’s stockholders. Pursuant to this plan, a total of 651,000 options were granted in 2007 with an exercise price of $9.45 per share. At December 31, 2008, 245,500 of these options remain outstanding, of which 154,125 are unvested.
In June 2007, the Company adopted the Equity Incentive Compensation Plan. This stock incentive plan provides for the issuance of up to 6,000,000 shares of common stock awards to Company employees, directors and officers, and consultants and directors who may not be employees of the Company. The Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights and capital stock of the Company which may be subject to contingencies or restrictions. The shareholders of the Company approved this plan in September 2008. At December 31, 2008, 530,000 incentive stock options had been granted pursuant to this plan, all of which were outstanding and unvested.
In December 2008, stock options were issued to employees, excluding officers, under the Company’s Equity Incentive Compensation Plan adopted in June 2008. These options were issued with a 10-year life and will vest and become fully exercisable in one-third increments on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of issuance. They were issued with an exercise price of $0.47 per share. Additionally in December 2008, and under the same plan, stock options were issued to the Company’s outside directors. These options were issued with a 10-year life and will vest and become fully exercisable one-half on March 31, 2009, and one-half on the day preceding the Company’s next annual stockholder meeting, scheduled to occur in May 2009. These options were issued at market price on date of grant with an exercise price of $0.47 per share.
The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity:
| | Shares Under Option | | | Exercise Price | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | | Weighted Average Fair Value Grants During Year | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2006 | | | 825,000 | | | $ | 0.46 – 0.50 | | | $ | 0.48 | | | | |
Granted to Directors | | | 60,000 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 5.50 | |
Granted to Officers and Employees | | | 621,000 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 5.50 | |
Exercised | | | (787,652 | ) | | $ | 0.46 – 0.50 | | | $ | 0.48 | | | | | |
Surrendered in cashless exercise | | | (37,348 | ) | | $ | 0.46 – 0.50 | | | $ | 0.48 | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (30,000 | ) | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 7.69 | | | | | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2007 | | | 651,000 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | | | |
Granted to Directors | | | 80,000 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.47 | |
Granted to Employees | | | 450,000 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.47 | |
Forfeited | | | (405,500 | ) | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | | | |
Outstanding, December 31, 2008 | | | 775,500 | | | $ | 9.45 | | | $ | 3.31 | | | | | |
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2008:
| Options Outstanding | | | Options Exercisable | |
| Exercise Price | | Number Outstanding | | Wt. Avg. Remaining Contractual Life | | Wt. Avg. Exercise Price | | | Number Exercisable | | | Wt. Avg. Exercisable Price | |
$ | 9.45 | | | 245,500 | | 3.75 years | | $ | 9.45 | | | | 91,375 | | | $ | 9.45 | |
$ | 0.47 | | | 530,000 | | 10 years | | $ | 0.47 | | | | - | | | $ | 0.47 | |
| | | | 775,500 | | | | $ | 3.31 | | | | 91,375 | | | $ | 9.45 | |
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123R, the Company measures the value of the stock based compensation granted to it employees by use of a Black-Scholes valuation model in the case of stock options. That value is recognized as stock compensation expense over the expected life of the underlying options. Total stock-based compensation expense related to stock options was reported as part of the Company’s general and administrative expenses, and was $478,166 and $286,778 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The fair value for options granted was estimated on the grant date using the following weighted average assumptions:
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 2.67 | % | | | 4.05 | % |
Expected dividend yield | | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % |
Expected volatility of common stock | | | 100 | % | | | 81 | % |
Expected weighted average life of option | | 5.19 years | | | 3.5 years | |
Restricted Stock
On June 30, 2008, pursuant to the Equity Incentive Compensation Plan of South Texas Oil Company, the Company granted Stock Award Rights and Performance Option Rights under the Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, to provide for the issuance of stock grants and incentive stock options as compensation to its officers who joined the Company in June 2008. The Stock Awards Rights provide for the granting of restricted shares of the Company’s common stock at specified intervals and in amounts equal to specified values on the issuance dates. The Performance Option Rights provide for the issuance of stock options pursuant to the terms of the Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, which provide for the issuance of stock options upon achievement of certain Company performance goals. The first of three tranches of shares of common stock were issued in 2008 and were restricted at time of issuance.
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123R, the Company measures the value of the stock based compensation granted to it employees in the case of stock grants based on the number of shares issued and the per share value of the Company’s stock on the date of issuance. That value is recognized as stock compensation expense over the period between the issuance of restricted shares and the lapse of the restrictions. The per share weighted average value of the date of grant for the June 2008 issuances was $3.69. Total stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock grants was reported as part of the Company’s general and administrative expenses, and was $2,844,168 for the year ended December 31, 2008.
NOTE 8 – RELATED PARTIES
The Company is deemed to have a related party relationship with Longview because Longview is the beneficial owner of an amount in excess of 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock at December 31, 2008. Refer to Note 4 – Long-Term Debt for a description of the Company’s credit facility with Longview and the related notes payable. Interest paid during the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, by the Company on notes payable to Longview was $899,106 and $414,631, respectively.
The Company is deemed to have a related party relationship with a third party who operates and is a joint interest owner in the Company’s oil and gas properties located in the DJ Basin in Colorado. This party is the beneficial owner of an amount in excess of 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock at December 31, 2008. The Company acquired its interests in these properties from the operator in a transaction which closed during 2007, whereby the Company exchanged 2,419,335 shares of its common stock, then valued at $7.5 million, for a 37.5% interest in the oil and gas properties. The Company received approximately $338,089 and $129,713 in net oil and gas revenue distributions for the properties from the related party during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company paid to the related party approximately $ 23,587 and $202,074 for capital expenditures and lease operating expenses, respectively, in 2008, and approximately $453,056 and $72,134 for capital expenditures and lease operating expense, respectively, in 2007.
The Company had notes payable of $17,067 payable to former executive officers of the Company at December 31, 2007. Those notes were no longer outstanding at December 31, 2008.
During a portion of 2008 and all of 2007, the Company leased for $750 per month approximately four acres of land from a former executive officer of the Company to use for a field office and to store certain vehicles and equipment belonging to the Company. Also during a portion of 2008 and all of 2007, the Company paid $1,286 per month for the use of equipment belonging to former executive officer. Both of these arrangements were terminated during the second and third quarters of 2008.
NOTE 9 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In June 2008, the Company relocated its corporate headquarters from Bastrop, Texas to San Antonio, Texas. The San Antonio office location is now the Company’s primary office space and is leased through September 2010. The Bastrop office was used as a field office from July 2008 through January 2009, the date of termination of the Bastrop office lease. Upon termination of that lease, the Company entered into a lease for a field office in Giddings, Texas, expiring January 2010. Additionally, the Company has entered into rental agreements for certain storage spaces and certain office equipment. Total rent expense was $154,338 in 2008 and $18,250 in 2007. Future minimum rentals for the next five years under all non-cancelable leases and contracts are as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | | | |
2009 | | $ | 172,307 | |
2010 | | | 118,349 | |
2011 | | | 300 | |
2012 | | | - | |
2013 | | | - | |
Pending or Threatened Litigation:
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Management believes that it is unlikely that any of the proceedings to which the Company is a party at December 31, 2008, will be finally resolved in a manner that would have a material adverse effect on the Company. Accordingly, no contingent liabilities have been recognized at December 31, 2008 related to these matters.
NOTE 10 - INCOME TAXES
On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, which provides that the tax effects from an uncertain tax position can be recognized in the financial statements only if the position is more likely than not of being sustained if the position were to be challenged by a taxing authority. In 2007, the tax positions taken by the Company in its returns were examined. It was determined that the Company does not have an asset or a liability for uncertain tax positions. Accordingly, the Company has not recognized other tax assets or liabilities in its consolidated balance sheet.
Significant components of the Company’s deferred federal income tax assets and liabilities are composed of the following:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | |
Tax net operating loss carryforward | | $ | 9,500,810 | | | $ | 2,898,186 | |
Stock compensation | | | 1,204,396 | | | | 78,125 | |
Gross deferred assets | | | 10,705,206 | | | | 2,976,311 | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
IDC and depreciation | | | (2,714,842 | ) | | | (1,095,271 | ) |
Net deferred tax asset | | | 7,990,364 | | | | 1,881,040 | |
Less valuation allowance | | | (7,990,364 | ) | | | (1,881,040 | ) |
Deferred tax asset recorded | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
In assessing the reliability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on consideration of these items, management has determined that enough uncertainty exists relative to the realization of the net deferred income tax asset to warrant the application of a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2008.
At December 31, 2008, the Company had unused federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $28.0 million which expire 2021 through 2029. Following is a reconciliation of the Company’s effective income tax rate to the federal statutory rate:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income tax benefit at federal statutory rate | | $ | 6,706,987 | | | | 34 | % | | $ | 2,244,416 | | | | 34 | % |
Non-deductible interest expense | | | (591,465 | ) | | | (3 | )% | | | (646,908 | ) | | | (10 | )% |
Other non-deductible expenses | | | (6,198 | ) | | | - | | | | (1,932 | ) | | | - | |
Change in valuation allowance | | | (6,109,324 | ) | | | (31 | )% | | | (1,595,576 | ) | | | (24 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current and deferred provision for income taxes | | $ | - | | | | - | | | $ | - | | | | - | |
NOTE 11 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On February 23, 2009, the Company announced a comprehensive debt restructuring and related agreements with Longview. The agreements with Longview provide that Longview will restructure $26.1 million of debt (plus accrued interest) through (i) the payment of $16.3 million in debt (plus accrued interest) held by Longview in exchange for 1.6 million shares of the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and (ii) a debt/non-core asset exchange between us and Longview valued at $9.8 million.
Pursuant to a securities exchange agreement, the Company will issue to Longview approximately 1.6 million shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in exchange for the surrender and cancellation of approximately $16.3 million of notes held by Longview. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value equal to $10.00 per share, has no coupon rate, does not pay dividends, and has no voting rights. The shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of our common stock at any time subsequent to 90 days after the issuance of the shares at a conversion price of $0.50 per share of common stock. Stockholders holding more than a majority of the Company’s outstanding common stock (approximately 59.36%) have approved the creation and issuance of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to Longview, and an information statement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which is subject to SEC review. Following SEC review, notice will be provided to all of the Company’s stockholders that did not consent to such action, by delivery of an Information Statement prepared pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and the exchange will close a minimum of 20 days following the mailing of the Information Statement to the stockholders.
The Company also entered into an asset purchase and sale agreement with Longview to sell the Company’s interest Colorado DJ Basin oil and gas properties and one of its drilling rigs and associated assets to Longview for a combined total of $9.8 million. Subject to the terms and conditions of the purchase and sale agreement, on the closing date, these assets will be conveyed to Longview in exchange for Longview’s discharge and satisfaction of $9.8 million in debt. The Colorado property disposition includes approximately 217,000 Boe of proved reserves and an estimated 18 barrels of oil equivalent per day of net production. Closing of both transactions is subject to customary closing conditions and SEC review of our Information Statement on Schedule 14C.
NOTE 12 – OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES AND PROPERTIES
The estimates of the Company’s proved reserves and related future net cash flows that are presented in the following tables are based upon estimates made by independent petroleum engineering consultants. The reserve information was prepared as of December 31, 2008. There are many inherent uncertainties in estimating proved reserve quantities, projecting future production rates, and timing of development expenditures. Accordingly, these estimates are likely to change as future information becomes available. Proved developed reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, condensate, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.
Costs Incurred and Capitalized Costs
The Company’s investment in oil and gas properties is as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Proved properties | | $ | 49,489,536 | | | $ | 23,383,575 | |
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | (9,656,545 | ) | | | (5,727,612 | ) |
Net proved properties | | | 39,832,991 | | | | 17,655,963 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Unproved properties: | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas leasehold costs | | | 944,359 | | | | 30,757,344 | |
Drilling in progress | | | 4,924,395 | | | | — | |
Total unproved properties | | | 5,868,754 | | | | 30,757,344 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net capitalized costs | | $ | 45,701,745 | | | $ | 48,413,307 | |
The costs incurred in oil and gas acquisition, exploration and development activities are as follows:
| | Period Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
Property acquisition costs, proved | | $ | 15,850,500 | | | $ | 11,933,621 | |
Property acquisition costs, unproved | | | (17,770,980 | ) | | | 29,518,394 | |
Exploration costs | | | 2,062,329 | | | | — | |
Development costs | | | 9,011,046 | | | | 8,585,879 | |
| | $ | 9,152,895 | | | $ | 50,037,894 | |
The following costs of unproved properties are capitalized as part of the Company’s oil and gas properties. These costs are excluded from the calculation of DD&A until such time the related drilling programs are completed and the costs can be evaluated as proved, or until the costs are determined to be impaired.
| | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Unproved properties: | | | | | | |
Oil and gas leasehold acreage acquisition costs | | $ | 944,359 | | | $ | 30,757,344 | |
Drilling in progress | | | 4,924,395 | | | | — | |
| | $ | 5,868,754 | | | $ | 30,757,344 | |
Oil and Gas Reserves and Related Financial Data (Unaudited)
Changes in estimated net quantities of conventional oil and gas reserves, all of which are located within the United States, are as follows:
| | Oil | | | Gas | |
| | (Bbls) | | | (Mcf) | |
Proved developed and undeveloped reserves: | | | | | | |
Proved reserves, December 31, 2006 | | | 58,647 | | | | — | |
Extensions and discoveries | | | — | | | | — | |
Reserves purchased | | | 447,316 | | | | 1,448,133 | |
Sales volumes | | | (121,096 | ) | | | (291,689 | ) |
Revisions of previous engineering estimates | | | 3,790 | | | | — | |
Reserves transferred | | | — | | | | — | |
Proved reserves, December 31, 2007 | | | 388,657 | | | | 1,156,444 | |
Extensions and discoveries | | | 2,772,680 | | | | 11,653,660 | |
Reserves purchased | | | — | | | | — | |
Sales volumes | | | (77,062 | ) | | | (153,917 | ) |
Revisions of previous engineering estimates | | | (6,455 | ) | | | (575,587 | ) |
Reserves transferred | | | — | | | | — | |
Proved reserves, December 31, 2008 | | | 3,077,820 | | | | 12,080,600 | |
Proved developed reserves: | | | | | | | | |
Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2008 | | | 350,290 | | | | 1,615,350 | |
Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2007 | | | 338,657 | | | | 1,156,444 | |
Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2006 | | | 58,647 | | | | — | |
The following table sets forth a standardized measure of the estimated discounted future net cash flows attributable to the Company’s proved developed and undeveloped oil and gas reserves. Prices used to determine future cash inflows were based on the December 31, 2008 period end price for the proved developed reserves of $5.71 per mcf of gas and $44.60 per barrel of oil. The future production and development costs represent the estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves, assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future income tax expense was estimated at 34% for combined federal and state rate, after giving consideration to the Company’s net operating loss carryforward and other tax attributes.
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Future cash inflows | | $ | 206,061,190 | | | $ | 45,940,000 | |
Future production costs | | | (38,515,230 | ) | | | (16,352,400 | ) |
Future development costs | | | (24,114,680 | ) | | | (2,619,600 | ) |
Future income tax expense | | | (51,499,632 | ) | | | (8,591,000 | ) |
Future net cash flows | | | 91,931,648 | | | | 18,377,000 | |
10% annual discount to reflect timing of net cash flows | | | (46,856,548 | ) | | | (5,702,000 | ) |
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved reserves | | $ | 45,075,100 | | | $ | 12,675,000 | |
The principal factors comprising the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are as follows for the years ended December 31:
| | | 2008 | | | | 2007 | |
Standardized measure, beginning of year | | $ | 12,675,000 | | | $ | 860,200 | |
Extensions and discoveries | | | 64,230,640 | | | | - | |
Reserves purchased | | | - | | | | 14,701,100 | |
Development costs incurred | | | 205,752 | | | | - | |
Sales and transfers, net of production costs | | | (5,088,723 | ) | | | (3,155,200 | ) |
Revisions in quantity and price estimates | | | (9,091,739 | ) | | | 268,900 | |
Net change in income taxes | | | (19,680,300 | ) | | | - | |
Accretion of discount | | | 1,824,470 | | | | - | |
Standardized measure, end of year | | $ | 45,075,100 | | | $ | 12,675,000 | |
Exhibit Index
Number | | Description | Ref. |
3.1 | | Articles of Incorporation (Nevada) | (1) |
3.2 | | By-laws (as amended February 6, 2009) | * |
4.1 | | Rights of securities holders – Common Stock (Articles of Incorporation, Sections 5 and 6) | (1) |
4.2 | | Rights of securities holders – Common Stock (Amended By-laws, Sections II, VIII. IX and XII) | ** |
4.3 | | Rights of securities holders – Certificate of Designations Series A Convertible Preferred Stock | * |
10.1 | | Employment Agreement - Michael J. Pawelek, CEO | (2) |
10.2 | | Employment Agreement - Wayne Psencik, COO | (2) |
10.3 | | Employment Agreement - Sherry L. Spurlock, CFO | (2) |
10.4 | | Employment Agreement – Theodore J. Wicks, EVP Corporate Development | (3) |
10.5 | | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 1, 2008, among the Company, Longview Fund, L.P. and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. | (4) |
10.6 | | Amendment to Senior Notes and Purchase Agreement, dated June 30, 2008, among the Company, Longview Fund, L.P. and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P. | (5) |
10.7 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P, dated as of September 19, 2008 | (6) |
10.8 | | Form of Bridge Note | (6) |
10.9 | | Form of Bridge Security Agreement | (6) |
10.10 | | Form of Bridge Mortgage | (6) |
10.11 | | Form of Bridge Account Control Agreements | (6) |
10.12 | | Form of Bridge Guaranty | (6) |
10.13 | | Form of Bridge Pledge Agreement | (6) |
10.14 | | Form of Conveyances of Limited Overriding Royalty Interests | (6) |
10.15 | | Form of Intercreditor Agreement | (6) |
10.16 | | Form of Omnibus Amendment to Security Documents | (6) |
10.17 | | September 2008 Waiver and Amendment | (6) |
10.18 | | Securities Exchange Agreement (Equity and Assets for Debt Exchange), dated February 20, 2009 between the Company and Longview Fund, L.P | (7) |
10.19 | | Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement dated February 20, 2009 between the Company and Longview Fund, L.P | (7) |
10.20 | | Asset Purchase Waiver and Consent, dated February 20, 2009 by Longview Marquis Master Fund, L.P | (7) |
21.1 | | Subsidiaries of the Company | |
31.1 | | Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
31.2 | | Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
32.1 | | Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
32.2 | | Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | * |
| | | * |
______________
** | Included in Exhibit 3.2 |
| (1) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 10-SB on April 30, 2004 |
| (2) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on June 25, 2008 |
| (3) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on October 2, 2008 |
| (4) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on April 15, 2008 |
| (5) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on July 2, 2008 |
| (6) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on September 24, 2008 |
| (7) | Previously filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K on February 23, 2009 |
Exhibit 3.2
BY-LAWS
OF
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY
(Formerly Known As Nutek Oil, Inc.)
ARTICLE I - - OFFICES
SECTION l.l - Principal Office. The principal office of the corporation shall be in the State of Nevada in the City of Henderson, County of Clark.
SECTION l.2 - Other Offices. The corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without both the State of Nevada and State of Texas, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the corporation may require.
ARTICLE II - MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
SECTION 2.l - Place of Meeting. All meetings of stockholders for the election of directors shall be held at such place, either within or without the State as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
SECTION 2.2 - Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held at such date and time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting.
SECTION 2.3 - Voting List. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make available at every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
SECTION 2.4 - Special Meeting. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation, may be called by the Chairman of the Board or by the President or by the Board of Directors or by written order of a majority of the directors and shall be called by the President or the Secretary at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority in amount of any class of the capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose of the proposed meeting. The Chairman of the Board or the President or directors so calling, or the stockholders so requesting, any such meeting shall fix the time and any place, either within or without the State as the place for holding such meeting.
SECTION 2.5 - Notice of Meeting. Written or printed notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten nor more than thirty days before the date of the meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the president, or the secretary, or the officer or persons calling the meeting, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the stock transfer books of the corporation, with postage thereon pre-paid.
SECTION 2.6 - Quorum. Unless otherwise provided by law, at any meeting of stockholders one-third of the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. If less than said numbers of the outstanding shares are represented at a meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
SECTION 2.7 - Voting. When a quorum is present at any meeting of the stockholders, the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision of the statutes, or the Articles of Incorporation or of these By-Laws, a different vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Every Stockholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to vote in person, or by proxy appointed by an instrument in writing subscribed by such Stockholder, bearing a date not more than eleven months prior to voting, unless such instrument provides for a longer period, and filed with the Secretary of the corporation before, or at the time of, the meeting. If such instrument shall designate two or more persons to act as proxies, unless such instrument shall provide to the contrary, a majority of such persons present at any meeting at which their powers there under are to be exercised shall have and may exercise all the powers of voting or giving consents thereby conferred, or if only one be present, then such powers may be exercised by that one; or, if an even number attend and a majority do not agree on any particular issue, each proxy so attending shall be entitled to exercise such powers in respect of the same portion of the shares as he is of the proxies representing such shares.
SECTION 2.8 - Consent of Stockholders. Whenever the vote of stockholders at a meeting thereof is required or permitted to be taken for or in connection with any corporate action by any provision of the statutes, the meeting and vote of stockholders may be dispensed with by consents in writing to such corporate action being taken, if such consents are executed by the stockholders holding at least a majority of the voting power, except that if a different proportion of voting power is required for such an action at a meeting, then that proportion of written consents shall govern, as provided in Nevada Revised Statues 78.320(2).
SECTION 2.9 - Voting of Stock of Certain Holders. Shares standing in the name of another corporation, domestic or foreign, may be voted by such officer, agent or proxy as the By-Laws of such corporation may prescribe, or in the absence of such provision, as the Board of Directors of such corporation may determine. Shares standing in the name of a deceased person may be voted by the executor or administrator of such deceased person, either in person or by proxy. Shares standing in the name of a guardian, conservator or trustee may be voted by such fiduciary, either in person or by proxy, but no such fiduciary shall be entitled to vote shares held in such fiduciary capacity without a transfer or such shares into the name of such fiduciary. Shares standing in the name of a receiver may be voted by such receiver. A stockholder whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote such shares, unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the corporation, he has expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee, or his proxy, may represent the stock and vote thereon.
SECTION 2.10 - Treasury Stock. The corporation shall not vote, directly or indirectly, shares of its own stock owned by it; and such shares shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares.
SECTION 2.11 - Closing of Books or Fixing of Record Date. For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose, the directors of the corporation may provide that the stock transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not to exceed, in any case, thirty days. If the stock transfer books shall be closed for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten days immediately preceding such meeting. In lieu of closing the stock transfer books, the directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, such date in any case to be not more than thirty days and, in case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten days prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of stockholders is to be taken. If the stock transfer books are not closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or stockholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution of the directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of stockholders. When a determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.
SECTION 2.12 - Fixing Record Date. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date, not exceeding sixty days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for payment of any dividend or distribution, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change, or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining a consent, as a records date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend or distribution, or to receive any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, or to give such consent, and in such case such stockholders and only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at any such meeting and any adjournment thereof, or to receive payment of such dividend or distribution, or to receive such allotment or rights, or to exercise such rights, or to give such consent, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the corporation after any such records date fixed as aforesaid.
ARTICLE III - BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 3.l - Powers. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors, which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation or by these By-Laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
SECTION 3.2 - Number, Election and Term. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board shall be a minimum of one (1). The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders, except as provided in Section 3.3 and as provided in the Articles of Incorporation and each director elected shall hold office until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify. At each election for directors every shareholder entitled to vote at such election shall have the right to vote, in person or by proxy, the number of shares owned by him for as many persons as there are directors to be elected and for whose election he has a right to vote. Directors need not be residents of the State or stockholders of the corporation. The holders of the voting stock shall be entitled to elect all directors.
SECTION 3.3 - Vacancies, Additional Directors and Removal from Office. Any vacancy in the Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors. A Director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of the Director's predecessor in office. Any directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of Directors may be filled by election by the Board of Directors for a term of office continuing until the next annual election and until such director’s successor shall be duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced. A director may be removed for cause at any special meeting of stockholders duly called and held for such purpose
SECTION 3.4 - Regular Meeting. A regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held each year, without other notice than these By-laws, at the place of, and immediately following, the annual meeting of stockholders; and other regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held each year, at such time and place as the Board of Directors may provide, by resolution. Members of the Board of Directors, or of any committee designated by such Board, may participate in any regular or special meeting of such Board or committee by means of telephone conference or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this section shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
SECTION 3.5 - Special Meeting. A special meeting of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board or by the President and shall be called by the Secretary on the written request of any two directors. The Chairman or President so calling, or the directors so requesting, any such meeting, shall fix the time and any place, either within or without the State, as the place for holding such meeting.
SECTION 3.6 - Notice of Special Meeting. Written notice of special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director at least 48 hours prior to the time of such meeting. Any director may waive notice of any meeting. The attendance of a director at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of any special meeting of the Board of Directors need to be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting, except that notice shall be given of any proposed amendment to the By-Laws if it is to be adopted at any special meeting or with respect to any other matter where notice is required by statute.
SECTION 3.7 - Quorum. A majority of the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors, and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these By-Laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting until a quorum shall be present.
SECTION 3.8 - Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the Articles of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof as provided in Article IV of these By-Laws, may be taken without a meeting, if a written consent thereto is signed by all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, and such written consent is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee.
SECTION 3.9 - Compensation. Directors, as such, shall not be entitled to any stated salary for their services unless voted by the stockholders or the Board of Directors; but by resolution of the Board of Directors, a fixed sum and expenses of attendance, if any, may be allowed for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or any meeting of a committee of directors. No provision of these By-Laws shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
SECTION 3.l0 - Advisory Directors. The Board of Directors may establish the position of non-voting Advisory Director of such number and with such duties and compensation as the Board may, from time to time, determine.
ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEE OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 4.l - Committee: Designation, Powers, Name. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, including an Executive Committee, each such committee to consist of two or more of the directors of the corporation. The committee shall have and may exercise such of the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation as may be provided in such resolution. The committee may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the Articles of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the corporation’s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the By-Laws of the corporation; and no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock. Any member of the committee may be removed by a majority or the members of the Board of Directors with or without cause. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of such committee. In the absence or disqualification of any member of such committee or committees, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names and such limitations of authority as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 4.2 - Minutes. Each committee of directors shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
SECTION 4.3 - Compensation. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed compensation for attending committee meetings, if the Board of Directors shall so determine.
ARTICLE V - - NOTICE
SECTION 5.l - Methods of Giving Notice. Whenever under the provisions of the statutes, the Articles of Incorporation, or these By-Laws, notice is required to be given to any director, member of any committee or stockholder. Such notice shall be in writing and delivered personally or mailed to such director, member or stockholder, provided that in the case of a director, or member of any committee, such notice may be given orally or by telephone or telegram. If mailed, notice to a director, member of a committee or stockholder shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail first class in a sealed envelope, with postage thereon prepaid, addressed. In the case of a stockholder, to the stockholder at the stockholder's address as it appears on the records of the corporation. In the case of a director or a member of a committee, to such person at his business address. If sent by telegraph, notice to a director or member of a committee shall be deemed to be given when the telegram, so addressed, is delivered to the telegraph company.
SECTION 5.2 - Written Waiver. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provision of the statutes, the Articles of Incorporation or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.
ARTICLE VI - OFFICERS
SECTION 6.l - Officers. The officers of the corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (the President may serve in this capacity at the direction of the Board of Directors), a President, one or more Vice Presidents, any one or more of which may be designated an Executive Vice President and a Vice President-Finance, a Secretary and a Treasurer. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, create the office of Vice Chairman of the Board and define the duties of such office. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers and agents, including Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers, as it shall deem necessary, who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined by the Board. Any two or more offices except as prohibited by law may be held by the same person. No officer shall execute, acknowledge, verify or countersign any instrument on behalf of the corporation in more than one capacity, if such instrument is required by law, by these By-Laws or by any act of the corporation to be executed, acknowledged, verified or countersigned by two or more officers. None of the officers need to be a director or stockholder of the corporation.
SECTION 6.2 - Election and Term of Office. The officers of the corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at its first regular meeting held after the annual meeting of stockholders or as soon thereafter as conveniently possible. Each officer shall hold office until his successor shall have been chosen and shall have qualified or until his death or the effective date of his resignation or removal.
SECTION 6.3 - Removal and Resignation. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of Directors whenever, in its judgment, the best interests of the corporation shall be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation. Any such resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of such notice or any later time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 6.4 - Vacancies. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation by death, resignation, and removal or otherwise may be filled by the Board of Directors for the unexpired portion of the term.
SECTION 6.5 - Salaries. The salaries of all officers and agents of the corporation shall be fixed by the Executive Committee, if any, or if there is no such committee, by the Board of Directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of his also being a director.
SECTION 6.6 - Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. The Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer shall be the principal executive officers of the corporation and shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, or of the stockholders of the corporation. In the Chairman’s absence, such duties shall be attended to by the President. The Chairman shall formulate and submit to the Board of Directors matters of general policy for the corporation and shall perform such other duties as usually appertain to the office or as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors. In the absence of the President, or in the event of his refusal or inability to act, the Chairman shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President.
SECTION 6.7 - President. The President shall be subject to the control of the Board of Directors and shall, in general, supervise and control the business and affairs of the corporation. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders. He may also preside at any such meeting attended by the Chairman of the Board if he is so designated by the Chairman. He shall have the power to appoint and remove subordinate officers, agents and employees, except those elected or appointed by the Board of Directors. The President shall keep the Board of Directors fully informed, and shall consult them concerning the business of the corporation. He may sign with the Secretary or any other officer of the corporation thereunto authorized by the Board of Directors, certificates for shares of the corporation, and any deeds, bonds, mortgages, contracts, checks, notes, drafts, or other instruments which the Board of Directors has authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof has been expressly delegated by these By-Laws or by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed. He shall vote, at the direction of the Board of Directors, all shares of stock of any other corporation standing in the name of the corporation and, in general, he shall perform all other duties normally incident to the office of President and such other duties as may be prescribed by the stockholders, or the Board of Directors, from time to time.
SECTION 6.8 - Vice President. In the absence of the President and the Chairman, or in the event of their inability or refusal to act, the Executive Vice President (or in the event there shall be no Vice President designated Executive Vice President), the Vice President-Finance shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President and/or Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Any Vice President may sign, with the Secretary or Assistant Secretary, certificates for shares of the corporation. The Vice Presidents shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to them by the President, or the Board of Directors.
SECTION 6.9 - Secretary. The Secretary shall (a) keep the minutes of the meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and committees of directors; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws and as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation, and see that the seal of the corporation or a facsimile thereof is affixed to all certificates for shares prior to the issue thereof and to all documents, the execution of which on behalf of the corporation under its seal is duly authorized in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws: (d) keep or cause to be kept a register of the post office address of each stockholder which shall be furnished by such stockholder; (e) sign with the President, or an Executive Vice President or Vice President, certificates for shares of the corporation, the issue of which shall have been authorized by resolution of the Board of Directors; (f) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the corporation; and (g) in general, perform all duties normally incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him/her by the President, or the Board of Directors.
SECTION 6.l0 - Treasurer. If required by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his duties in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors shall determine. He shall have charge and custody of and be responsible for all funds and securities of the corporation; receive and give receipts for monies due and payable to the corporation from any source whatsoever and deposit all such monies in the name of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with the provision of Section 7.3 of these By-Laws, and in general, perform duties normally incident to the office of Treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the President, or the Board of Directors.
SECTION 6.ll - Assistant Secretary or Treasurer. The Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers shall, in general, perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the Secretary or the Treasurer respectively, or by the President, or the Board of Directors. The Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers shall, in the absence of the Secretary or Treasurer respectively, perform all functions and duties which such absent officers may delegate, but such delegation shall not relieve the absent officer from the responsibilities of his office. The Assistant Secretaries may sign, with the President or a Vice President, certificates for shares of the corporation, the issue of which shall have been authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors. The Assistant Treasurers shall respectively, if required by the Board of Directors, give bonds for the faithful discharge of their duties in such sums and with such sureties as the Board of Directors shall determine.
ARTICLE VII - CONTRACTS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
SECTION 7.l - Contracts. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.l, the Board of Directors or Executive committee may authorize any officer, officers, agent, or agents to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.
SECTION 7.2 - Checks, etc. All checks, demands, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation, shall be signed by such officer or officers or such agent or agents of the corporation, and in such manner as shall be determined by the Board of Directors of Management Committee.
SECTION 7.3 - Deposits. All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board of Directors or Executive Committee may select.
ARTICLE VIII - CERTIFICATES OF STOCK
SECTION 8.l - Issuance. Each stockholder of this corporation shall be entitled to a certificate or certificates showing the number of shares of stock registered in his name on the books of the corporation. The certificates shall be in such form as may be determined by the Board of Directors, shall be issued in numerical order and shall be entered in the books of the corporation as they are issued. They shall exhibit the holder's name and number of shares and shall be signed by the President or a Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary. If any certificate is countersigned (l) by a transfer agent other than the corporation or any employee of the corporation, or (2) by a registrar other than the corporation or any employee of the corporation, and other signature on the certificate may be a facsimile. If the corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the corporation shall issue to represent such class of stock; provided that, except as otherwise provided by statute, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the corporation will furnish to each stockholder who so requests, the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitation or restrictions of such preferences and rights. All certificates surrendered to the corporation for transfer shall be canceled and no new certificate shall be issued until the former certificate for a like number of shares shall have been surrendered and canceled, except that in the case of a lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate a new one may be issued therefor upon such terms and with such indemnity, if any, to the corporation as the Board of Directors may prescribe. Certificates shall not be issued representing fractional shares of stock.
SECTION 8.2 - Lost Certificates. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require or to give the corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate or certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, or both.
SECTION 8.3 - Transfers. Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. Transfers of shares shall be made only on the books of the corporation by the registered holder thereof, or by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney and filed with the Secretary of the corporation or the Transfer Agent.
SECTION 8.4 - Registered Stockholders. The corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of the State.
SECTION 8.5 - Restrictions and Options. Shareholders may enter into agreements among themselves reasonably restricting the transferability of shares owned by them or defining rights granted among Shareholders to purchase and/or sell such shares.
ARTICLE IX - DIVIDENDS
SECTION 9.l - Declaration. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, if any and subject to the provisions of Section 9.2, shall be declared quarterly by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, provided and to the extent that cumulative profits to date exceed one-half of the operating expenses per month and provided that dividends are declared only to the extent that profits exceed such amount. Dividends shall be paid in cash or by the issuance of like capital stock of the Company, as provided in Nevada Revised Statues 78.215(3).
SECTION 9.2 - Reserve. In no event shall a dividend be declared if cash on hand will as a result of the dividend be less than one-half of the month's expected operating expenses (the “Operating Reserve"). Before payment of any dividend there may also be set aside out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time in their absolute discretion think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall think conducive to the interest of the corporation, and the Directors may modify or abolish and such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
ARTICLE X - - INDEMNIFICATION
SECTION l0.l - Third Party Actions. To the extent allowed by the State law, as same may be amended, and subject to the required procedure thereof, the corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party of is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
SECTION l0.2 - Actions by or in the Right of the Corporation. To the extent allowed by State law, as same may be amended, and subject to the required procedure thereof, the corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duty to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court shall deem proper.
SECTION l0.3 - Determination of Conduct. The determination that an officer, director, employee, or agent has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections l0.l and l0.2 (unless indemnification is ordered by a court or unless State law, as same may be amended, requires otherwise) shall be made (l) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding; (2) if such quorum is not obtainable, or even if obtainable a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or (3) by the stockholders.
SECTION l0.4 - Payment of Expenses in Advance. Expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding as authorized by the Board of Directors in the specific case upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director, officer, employee or agent to repay such amount, unless it shall ultimately be determined that he is entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized in this Article X.
SECTION l0.5 - Indemnity Not Exclusive. The indemnification provided hereunder shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any other By-Laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, or agent, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
ARTICLE XI - MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION ll.l - Seal. The corporate seal shall be in such form as prescribed by the Board of Directors. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed, or otherwise reproduced.
SECTION ll.2 - - Books. The Books of the corporation may be kept (subject to any contrary provision contained in State law) outside the State or at the offices of the corporation, or at such other place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.
SECTION ll.3 - Fiscal Year. The fiscal year end of the corporation shall be December 3l.
SECTION ll.4 - Severability. The invalidity of any one or more of the provisions, clauses, sections or Articles hereof shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions, clauses, sections or Articles.
ARTICLE XII - EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
No contract of employment or amendment to a contract of employment between the Corporation and any person(s), firm(s), corporation(s), partnership(s), association(s) or other entity(s), or any combination of any of the above, whether oral or in writing, for a period of time to exceed 90 days shall be binding upon the corporation unless and until:
(i) Such contract shall have been approved by a majority vote of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, called and held in accordance with the By-Laws and,
(ii) Such approval of such contract by the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall have been ratified by a majority vote by class of each and every class of shares entitled to vote. Such vote of the shareholders shall be at a meeting of shareholders specifically called or such purpose, all requisite notices having been given in accordance with the corporation's Articles of Incorporation and its By-Laws relative to calls and notices for special meetings of shareholders.
This paragraph of the By-Laws shall not be amended or eliminated until ratified by a majority vote by class of each and every class of shares entitled to vote. Such vote of the shareholders shall be at a meeting of shareholders specifically called for such purpose, all requisite notices having been given in accordance with the corporation's Articles of Incorporation and its By-Laws relative to calls and notices for special meetings of shareholders.
ARTICLE XIII - AMENDMENT OF BY-LAWS
These By-Laws may be altered, amended or repealed and new by-laws adopted by action of the Board of Directors.
ADOPTED, as amended at a meeting of the Directors of South Texas Oil Company, held:
January16, 2008, as to Sections 3.2 and 3.3;
February 4, 2009, as to Section 2.8 and Section 9.1, effective February 5, 2009
ATTEST: | | |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Roy D. Toulan, Jr. | |
| | Corporate Secretary | |
| | | |
| | | |
Exhibit 4.3
SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY
CERTIFICATE TO SET FORTH DESIGNATIONS, VOTING POWERS,
PREFERENCES, LIMITATIONS, RESTRICTIONS, AND RELATIVE
RIGHTS OF
SERIES A CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
It is hereby certified that:
I. The name of the corporation is South Texas Oil Company. (the “Corporation”), a Nevada corporation.
II. Set forth hereinafter is a statement of the voting powers, preferences, limitations, restrictions, and relative rights of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock hereinafter designated as contained in a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation pursuant to a provision of the Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation permitting the issuance of Preferred Stock by resolution of the Board of Directors (this “Certificate of Designation”):
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value.
1. Designation: Number of Shares. The designation of said series of Preferred Stock shall be Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). The number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be 2,000,000. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall have a stated value equal to $10.00 (as adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations or splits with respect to such shares) (the “Stated Value”) and $0.001 par value.
2. Liquidation Rights.
(a) In the event the Corporation voluntarily or involuntarily liquidates, dissolves or winds up, the Holders at the time shall be entitled to receive liquidating distributions in the amount of $10.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock, out of assets legally available for distribution to the Corporation’s stockholders, before any distribution of assets is made to the holders of the Common Stock (as defined in Paragraph 3(j) below) or other class of stock presently authorized or to be authorized (the Common Stock and such other stock being hereinafter collectively, the “Junior Securities”). After payment of the full amount of such liquidating distributions to Holders of Series A Preferred Stock (on an as converted basis), the Holders will not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by, and shall have no right or claim to any remaining assets of, the Corporation.
(b) In the event the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to stockholders upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, shall be insufficient to pay in full the amounts payable with respect to all outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, Holders shall share ratably in any distribution of assets of the Corporation in proportion to the full respective liquidating distributions to which they would otherwise be respectively entitled.
(c) The Corporation’s consolidation or merger with or into any other entity, the consolidation or merger of any other entity with or into the Corporation, or the sale of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s property or business will not constitute its liquidation, dissolution or winding up.
1 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
3. Conversion into Common Stock. Shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the following conversion rights and obligations:
(a) Subject to the further provisions of this Paragraph 3 each Holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the right at any time subsequent to ninety (90) days after the issuance to the Holder of Series A Preferred Stock, to convert such shares into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock of the Corporation determined in accordance with the Conversion Price provided in Paragraph 3(b) below (the “Conversion Price”); provided, that the aggregate Stated Value to be converted shall be at least $10,000 (unless if at the time of such conversion the aggregate Stated Value of all shares of Series A Preferred Stock registered to the Holder is less than $10,000, then the whole amount may be converted).
(b) The number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall equal (i) the Stated Value per share of Series A Preferred Stock, (ii) divided by the Conversion Price. The Conversion Price shall be $0.50 per share of Common Stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is being converted.
(c) Holder will give notice of its decision to exercise its right to convert the Series A Preferred Stock, or part thereof, by telecopying an executed and completed “Notice of Conversion” (a form of which is annexed as Exhibit A to this Certificate of Designation) to the Corporation via confirmed telecopier transmission. The Holder will not be required to surrender the Series A Preferred Stock certificate until in each case the Series A Preferred Stock has been fully converted. Each date on which a Notice of Conversion is telecopied to the Corporation in accordance with the provisions hereof shall be deemed a “Conversion Date.” The Corporation will itself or cause the Corporation’s transfer agent to transmit the Corporation’s Common Stock certificates representing the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock to the Holder via express courier for receipt by such Holder within five (5) business days after receipt by the Corporation of the Notice of Conversion (the “Delivery Date”). In the event the Common Stock is electronically transferable, then delivery of the Common Stock must be made by electronic transfer provided request for such electronic transfer has been made by the Holder. A Series A Preferred Stock certificate representing the balance of the Series A Preferred Stock not so converted will be provided by the Corporation to the Holder if requested by Holder, provided the Holder has delivered the original Series A Preferred Stock certificate to the Corporation. To the extent that a Holder elects not to surrender Series A Preferred Stock for reissuance upon partial payment or conversion, the Holder hereby indemnifies the Corporation against any and all loss or damage attributable to a third-party claim in an amount in excess of the actual amount of the Series A Stated Value then owned by the Holder.
In the case of the exercise of the conversion rights set forth in paragraph 3(a) the conversion privilege shall be deemed to have been exercised and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to have been issued upon the date of receipt by the Corporation of the Notice of Conversion. The person or entity entitled to receive Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall, on the date such conversion privilege is deemed to have been exercised and thereafter, be treated for all purposes as the record holder of such Common Stock and shall on the same date cease to be treated for any purpose as the record Holder of such shares of Series A Preferred Stock so converted.
Upon the conversion of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock no adjustment or payment shall be made with respect to such converted shares on account of any dividend on the Common Stock, except that the Holder of such converted shares shall be entitled to be paid any dividends declared on shares of Common Stock after conversion thereof.
2 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
The Corporation shall not be required, in connection with any conversion of Series A Preferred Stock, to issue a fraction of a share of its Series A Preferred Stock or Common Stock and may instead deliver a stock certificate representing the next whole number.
(d) The Conversion Price determined pursuant to Paragraph 3(b) shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:
(i) In case the Corporation shall at any time (A) declare any stock dividend or distribution on its Common Stock of the Corporation other than the Series A Preferred Stock, (B) split or subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, (C) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (D) issue by reclassification of its Common Stock any shares or other securities of the Corporation, then in each such event the Conversion Price shall be adjusted proportionately so that the Holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive the kind and number of shares or other securities of the Corporation which such Holders would have owned or have been entitled to receive after the happening of any of the events described above had such shares of Series A Preferred Stock been converted immediately prior to the happening of such event (or any record date with respect thereto). Such adjustment shall be made whenever any of the events listed above shall occur. An adjustment made to the Conversion pursuant to this Paragraph 3(d)(i) shall become effective immediately after the effective date of the event retroactive to the record date, if any, for the event.
(e) (i) In case of any merger of the Corporation with or into any other corporation (other than a merger in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification, conversion, or change of the outstanding shares of Common Stock) then unless the right to convert shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have terminated, as part of such merger lawful provision shall be made so that Holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall thereafter have the right to convert each share of Series A Preferred Stock into the kind and amount of shares of stock and/or other securities or property receivable upon such merger by a Holder of the number of shares of Common Stock into which such shares of Series A Preferred Stock might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. Such provision shall also provide for adjustments, which shall be as nearly equivalent, as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in Paragraph (d) of this Paragraph 3. The foregoing provisions of this Paragraph 3(e) shall similarly apply to successive mergers.
(ii) In case of any sale or conveyance to another person or entity of the property of the Corporation as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, in connection with which shares or other securities or cash or other property shall be issuable, distributable, payable, or deliverable for outstanding shares of Common Stock, then, unless the right to convert such shares shall have terminated, lawful provision shall be made so that the Holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall thereafter have the right to convert each share of the Series A Preferred Stock into the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property that shall be issuable, distributable, payable, or deliverable upon such sale or conveyance with respect to each share of Common Stock immediately prior to such conveyance.
3 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
(f) Commencing with February 1, 2009, and until no share of Series A Preferred Stock is outstanding, other than in the case of an Excepted Issuance, if the Corporation issues any Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Common Stock, prior to the complete conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock for a consideration less than the Conversion Price immediately in effect prior to such sale or issuance, then immediately prior to such sale or issuance the Conversion Price of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be reduced to such other lower price. For purposes of this adjustment, the issuance of any security or debt instrument of the Corporation carrying the right to convert such security or debt instrument into Common Stock or of any warrant, right or option to purchase Common Stock shall result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price upon the issuance of the above- described security, debt instrument, warrant, right, or option if such issuance is at a price lower than the Conversion Price in effect upon such issuance and again upon the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of such conversion or purchase rights if such issuance is at a price lower than the then applicable Conversion Price. Common Stock issued or issuable by the Company for no consideration will be deemed issuable or to have been issued for $0.001 per share of Common Stock. The reduction of the Conversion Price described in this paragraph is in addition to other rights of the Holder described in this Certificate of Designation and that certain Securities Exchange Agreement, dated February20, 2009, by and among the Corporation, its subsidiaries and the Longview Fund, L.P., a California limited partnership. For purposes hereof, “Excepted Issuance” means (i) any issuances of shares of Common Stock upon exercise or conversion of any options, warrants, convertible notes or other convertible securities outstanding on February 1, 2009, and provided that the conversion price, exchange price, exercise price or other purchase price is not reduced, adjusted or otherwise modified and the number of shares issued or issuable is not increased (whether by operation of law or in accordance with the relevant governing documents or otherwise) on or after February 1, 2009, and (ii) any grants of options or warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock and issuances of shares of Common Stock to officers, employees and directors of, and consultants and advisors to, the Corporation or any of the subsidiaries as compensation for the performance of bona fide services for the Corporation or any of the subsidiaries, as provided in and limited by the Corporation’s Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, which Plan is in effect on February 1, 2009.
(g) Whenever the Conversion Price of the Series A Preferred Stock is required to be adjusted as provided in this Paragraph 3, the Corporation shall forthwith compute the adjusted Conversion Price and prepare a certificate setting forth such adjusted Conversion Price and the facts upon which such adjustment is based, and such certificate shall forthwith be filed with the Corporation’s transfer agent for the Series A Preferred Stock and the Common Stock; and the Corporation shall mail to each Holder of record of Series A Preferred Stock notice of such adjusted Conversion Price not later than the first business day after the event, giving rise to the adjustment.
(h) In case at any time the Corporation shall propose:
(i) to pay any dividend or distribution payable in shares upon its Common Stock or make any distribution (other than cash dividends) to the Holders of its Common Stock; or
(ii) to offer for subscription to the Holders of its Common Stock any additional shares of any class or any other rights; or
(iii) any capital reorganization or reclassification of its shares or the merger of the Corporation with another corporation (other than a merger in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification, conversion, or change of the outstanding shares of Common Stock); or
(iv) the voluntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation;
then, and in any one or more of said cases, the Corporation shall cause at least fifteen (15) days prior notice of the date on which (A) the books of the Corporation shall close or a record be taken for such stock dividend, distribution, or subscription rights, or (B) such capital reorganization, reclassification, merger, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up shall take place, as the case may be, to be mailed to the Corporation’s transfer agent for the Series A Preferred Stock and for the Common Stock and to the Holders of record of the Series A Preferred Stock.
(i) So long as any shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall remain outstanding and the Holders thereof shall have the right to convert the same in accordance with provisions of this Paragraph 3 the Corporation shall at all times reserve from the authorized and unissued shares of its Common Stock 150% of number of shares to provide for such conversions.
4 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
(j) The term “Common Stock” as used in this Paragraph 3 shall mean the $0.001 par value Common Stock of the Corporation as such stock is constituted at the date of issuance thereof or as it may from time to time be changed or shares of stock of any class of other securities and/or property into which the shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall at any time become convertible pursuant to the provisions of this Paragraph 3.
(k) The Corporation shall pay the amount of any and all issue taxes (but not income taxes) which may be imposed in respect of any issue or delivery of stock upon the conversion of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, but all transfer taxes and income taxes that may be payable in respect of any change of ownership of Series A Preferred Stock or any rights represented thereby or of stock receivable upon conversion thereof shall be paid by the person or persons surrendering such stock for conversion.
(l) In the event a Holder shall elect to convert any shares of Series A Preferred Stock as provided herein, the Corporation may not refuse conversion based on any claim that such Holder or any one associated or affiliated with such Holder has been engaged in any violation of law, or for any other reason unless, an injunction from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining conversion of all or part of said shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have been issued and the Corporation posts a surety bond for the benefit of such Holder in the amount of 120% of the Stated Value of the Series A Preferred Stock sought to be converted, which is subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of arbitration/litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Holder in the event it obtains judgment.
(m) In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Corporation fails to deliver to the Holder such certificate or certificates pursuant to Section 3(c) by the Delivery Date and, if after the Delivery Date, the Holder or a broker on the Holder’s behalf purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Holder of the Common Stock which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such conversion (a "Buy-In"), then the Corporation shall pay in cash to the Holder (in addition to any remedies available to or elected by the Holder) within five (5) business days after written notice from the Holder, the amount by which (A) the Holder's total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (B) the aggregate sales proceeds of the Common Stock the Holder anticipated receiving upon such conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock for which such conversion was not timely honored, together with interest thereon at a rate of 15% per annum, accruing until such amount and any accrued interest thereon is paid in full (which amount shall be paid as liquidated damages and not as a penalty). The Holder shall provide the Corporation written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In.
(n) The Corporation and Holder may not convert that amount of the Preferred Stock on a Conversion Date in amounts that would result in the Holder having a beneficial ownership of Common Stock which would be in excess of the sum of (i) the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its affiliates on such Conversion Date, and (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock with respect to which the determination of this proviso is being made on such Conversion Date, which would result in beneficial ownership by the Holder and its affiliates of more than 9.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation. For the purposes of the proviso to the immediately preceding sentence, beneficial ownership shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Regulation 13d-3 thereunder. Subject to the foregoing, the Holder shall not be limited to successive exercises which would result in the aggregate issuance of more than 9.99%. The Holder may allocate which of the equity of the Corporation deemed beneficially owned by the Holder shall be included in the 9.99% amount described above and which shall be allocated to the excess above 9.99%. The Holder may revoke or waive the conversion limitation described in this Section in whole or in part, upon and effective after 61 days prior written notice to the Corporation.
5 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
4. Voting Rights. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall not have voting rights.
5. Status of Converted Stock. In case any shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be converted to Common Stock, the shares so converted shall resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock and shall no longer be designated as Series A Preferred Stock.
6. Amendment. The powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions, conversion provisions and procedures, and all other rights appurtenant to the series of stock as certified herein, may be amended by a resolution of the board of directors, as approved by a vote of the stockholders then holding a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the series of stock certified herein.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Certificate be duly executed by its undersigned officer thereunto duly authorized, this 20th day of February 2009.
| SOUTH TEXAS OIL COMPANY | |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Michael J. Pawelek | |
| | Michael J. Pawelek, Chief Executive Officer | |
| | | |
| | | |
6 of 6
South Texas Oil Company
Certificate Series A Convertible Preferred
EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF CONVERSION
(To Be Executed By the Registered Holder in Order to Convert the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of South Texas Oil Corporation)
The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to convert $______________ of the Stated Value of the above Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock of South Texas Oil Corporation (the "Corporation") according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below.
Date of Conversion:_____________________________________________________________________
Applicable Conversion Price $ ______________
Number of Common Shares Issuable Upon This Conversion:______________________________________
HOLDER:_____________________________________________________________________________
Signature:_____________________________________________________________________________
Print Name:____________________________________________________________________________
Address:______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Deliveries Pursuant to this Notice of Conversion Should Be Made to:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Subsidiary | | Jurisdiction of Organization |
| |
1. In Southern Texas Oil Company | | Texas |
| | |
2. In STO Drilling Company | | Texas |
| | |
3. In STO Operating Company | | Texas |
| | |
4. In STO Properties LLC | | Texas |
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the inclusion herein of our report dated March 30, 2009 in connection with the foregoing Annual Report of South Texas Oil Company for the year ended December 31, 2008 on Form 10-K to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
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| | /s/ Causey Demgen & Moore Inc. | |
| | CAUSEY DEMGEN & MOORE INC. | |
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Denver, Colorado | | | |
March 30, 2009
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM ENGINEER
CONSENT OF FORREST A. GARB & ASSOCIATES, INC.,
INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM ENGINEERS
As independent petroleum engineers, we hereby consent to the reference of our estimates of reserves as of December 31, 2008 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of South Texas Oil Company, Inc.
FORREST A. GARB & ASSOCIATES, INC. |
FORREST A. GARB & ASSOCIATES, INC. |
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By: | |
William D. Harris III |
CEO & President |
Dallas, Texas
March 18, 2009
EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 7241)
I, Michael J. Pawelek, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of South Texas Oil Company;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 30, 2009 | |
| /s/ Michael J. Pawelek |
| Michael J. Pawelek |
| Chief Executive Officer |
EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 7241)
I, Sherry L. Spurlock, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of South Texas Oil Company;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 30, 2009
/s/ Sherry L. Spurlock |
Sherry L. Spurlock |
Chief Financial Officer |
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
In connection with the accompanying Annual Report of South Texas Oil Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2008 (the “Report”), I, Michael J. Pawelek, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify that to my knowledge:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: March 30, 2009
/s/ Michael J. Pawelek |
Michael J. Pawelek |
Chief Executive Officer |
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
In connection with the accompanying Annual Report of South Texas Oil Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2008 (the “Report”), I, Sherry L. Spurlock, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify that to my knowledge:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: March 30, 2009
/s/ Sherry L. Spurlock |
Sherry L. Spurlock |
Chief Financial Officer |
WHEREAS, the Audit Committee has, with the assistance of legal advisors, informed itself about, and has directed senior management of the Company to negotiate the exchange of the Company’s equity in full satisfaction of the Total Obligations owed by the Company to Longview; and
WHEREAS, the Audit Committee has determined that the terms of the Debt Equity Exchange as set forth in this Agreement are in the best interests of the Company and all of its stockholders and has approved this Agreement and has recommended that the Board approve and declare advisable this Agreement and take all actions required to be taken by the full board to effectuate the foregoing, and the Board has effected such approval and taken such action.
NOW, THEREFORE, in connection with the payment of the Total Obligations to be made by the Company, and the discharge of the Total Obligations to be provided by Longview hereunder, the Company and Longview, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, agree as follows:
3.1 Organization, Authorization and Power.
(ii) Longview is the sole and unconditional owner of the Notes, which are free and clear of liens, pledges, hypothecation, third party rights or other encumbrances.
3.2 No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the consummation by Longview of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby or relating hereto do not and will not (i) result in a violation of Longview’s charter documents or bylaws or other organizational documents or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of any agreement, indenture or instrument or obligation to which Longview is a party or by which its properties or assets are bound, or result in a violation of any law, rule, or regulation, or any order, judgment or decree of any court or governmental agency applicable to such Subscriber or its properties (except for such conflicts, defaults and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on Longview). Longview is not required to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents or to purchase the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof, provided that for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, Longview is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and agreements of the Company herein
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (i) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL FOR THE COMPANY, IN A GENERALLY ACCEPTABLE FORM, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR (ii) UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 UNDER SAID ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.
NEITHER THE ISSUANCE NOR SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THESE SECURITIES ARE CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL FOR THE ISSUE OR COUNSEL FOR THE HOLDER, REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER HEREOF THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT . NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES
(ii) result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon the Securities or any of the assets of the Company, or any of its affiliates; or
(iv) result in the triggering of any piggy-back registration rights of any person or entity holding securities of the Company or having the right to receive securities of the Company.
(i) are, or will be, free and clear of any security interests, liens, claims or other encumbrances, subject to restrictions upon transfer under the 1933 Act and State securities laws;
(iii) will not have been issued or sold in violation of any preemptive or other similar rights of the holders of any securities of the Company;
(iv) will not subject the holders thereof to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and
8.1 The Company agrees to indemnify, hold harmless, reimburse and defend Longview, its officers, directors, agents, affiliates, control persons, and principal stockholders, against any claim, cost, expense, liability, obligation, loss or damage (including reasonable legal fees) of any nature, incurred by or imposed upon Subscriber which results, arises out of or is based upon (i) any misrepresentation by Company or breach of any warranty by Company in this Agreement or in any Exhibits or Schedules attached hereto, or Reports or Other Written Information; or (ii) any breach or default in performance by Company of any covenant or undertaking to be performed by Company hereunder, or any other agreement entered into by the Company and Subscribers relating hereto.
9.1 The Preferred Stock will be convertible according to the procedure set forth in the Certificate of Designation. A copy of all notices of conversion must be delivered to the attorney for the Company identified in Section 11.2 hereof.
9.4 Nothing contained herein or in any document referred to herein or delivered in connection herewith shall be deemed to establish or require the payment of a rate of interest or other charges in excess of the maximum permitted by applicable law. In the event that the rate of interest or dividends required to be paid or other charges hereunder exceed the maximum permitted by such law, any payments in excess of such maximum shall be credited against amounts owed by the Company to Longview and thus refunded to the Company.
10.1 In addition to other Registration rights provided in this Agreement, if the Company at any time proposes to register any of its securities under the 1933 Act for sale to the public, whether for its own account or for the account of other security holders or both, except with respect to registration statements on Forms S-4, S-8 or another form not available for registering the Registrable Securities for sale to the public, provided the Registrable Securities are not otherwise registered for resale by Longview pursuant to an effective registration statement, each such time it will give at least fifteen (15) days' prior written notice to Longview of its intention so to do. Upon the written request of Longview, received by the Company within ten (10) days after the giving of any such notice by the Company, to register any of the Registrable Securities not previously registered, the Company will cause such Registrable Securities as to which registration shall have been so requested to be included with the securities to be covered by the registration statement proposed to be filed by the Company, all to the extent required to permit the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Securities so registered on behalf of Longview.
a. subject to the timelines provided in this Agreement, prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement required by this Section 10, with respect to the Securities, and use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective for the period of the distribution contemplated thereby, and promptly provide to Longview copies of all filings and Commission letters of comment and notify Longview within two (2) business days of (i) notice that the Commission has no comments or no further comments on the Registration Statement, and (ii) the declaration of effectiveness of the registration statement;
b. furnish to Longview, at the Company’s expense, such number of copies of the registration statement and the prospectus included therein (including each preliminary prospectus) as such persons reasonably may request in order to facilitate the public sale or their disposition of the securities covered by such registration statement;
c. use its best efforts to register or qualify the Securities covered by such registration statement under the securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions as Longview shall request in writing, provided, however, that the Company shall not for any such purpose be required to qualify generally to transact business as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction where it is not so qualified or to consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction;
d. if applicable, list the Securities covered by such registration statement with any securities exchange on which the Common Stock of the Company is then listed;
e. immediately notify Longview when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act, of the happening of any event of which the Company has knowledge as a result of which the prospectus contained in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing; and
f. provided same would not be in violation of the provision of Regulation FD under the 1934 Act, and subject to Section 7.10, make available for inspection by Longview, and any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by Longview or underwriter, all publicly available, non-confidential financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company, and cause the Company's officers, directors and employees to supply all publicly available, non-confidential information reasonably requested by Longview, its attorney, accountant or agent in connection with such registration statement.
a. In the event of a registration of any Securities under the 1933 Act pursuant to this Section 10, to the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify and hold harmless Longview, each officer, director and underwriter of Longview, and each other person, if any, who controls Longview or underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which Longview, or such underwriter or controlling person may become subject under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, or actions in respect thereof (i) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any registration statement under which such Securities were registered under the 1933 Act pursuant to this Section 10, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereof, or (ii) arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances when made, and will, subject to the provisions of this Section 10.6, reimburse the Longview, each such underwriter and each such controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable to Longview to the extent that any such damages arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or omission made in any preliminary prospectus if (i) Longview failed to send or deliver a copy of the final prospectus delivered by the Company to Longview with or prior to the delivery of written confirmation of the sale by Longview to the person asserting the claim from which such damages arise, (ii) the final prospectus would have corrected such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or such omission or alleged omission, or (iii) to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with information furnished by Longview, or any such controlling person in writing specifically for use in such registration statement or prospectus.
b. In the event of a registration of any of the Securities under the 1933 Act pursuant to this Section 10 Longview will, to the extent permitted by law, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act, each officer of the Company who signs the registration statement, each director of the Company, each underwriter and each person who controls any underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act, against all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which the Company or such officer, director, underwriter or controlling person may become subject under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, or actions in respect thereof,(i) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in the registration statement under which such Securities were registered under the 1933 Act pursuant to this Section 10, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereof, or (ii) arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse the Company and each such officer, director, underwriter and controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action, provided, however, that Longview will be liable hereunder in any such case if and only to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information pertaining to such Longview, and furnished in writing to the Company by Longview specifically for use in such registration statement or prospectus. In no event shall the liability of Longview or any holder of Securities or permitted successor in connection with any Preferred Stock, the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock and Securities included in any such registration statement be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the net proceeds actually received by Longview or such holder upon the sale of such Preferred Stock, the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock and Securities pursuant to such registration statement.
c. Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party hereunder of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party hereunder, notify the indemnifying party in writing thereof, but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to such indemnified party other than under this Section 10.6(c) and shall only relieve it from any liability which it may have to such indemnified party under this Section 10.6(c), except and only if and to the extent the indemnifying party is prejudiced by such omission. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate in and, to the extent it shall wish, to assume and undertake the defense thereof with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party, and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume and undertake the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 10.6(c) for any legal expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation and of liaison with counsel so selected, provided, however, that, if the defendants in any such action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there may be reasonable defenses available to it which are different from or additional to those available to the indemnifying party or if the interests of the indemnified party reasonably may be deemed to conflict with the interests of the indemnifying party, the indemnified parties, as a group, shall have the right to select one separate counsel and to assume such legal defenses and otherwise to participate in the defense of such action, with the reasonable expenses and fees of such separate counsel and other expenses related to such participation to be reimbursed by the indemnifying party as incurred.
d. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in the event of joint liability under the 1933 Act in any case in which either (i) Longview, or any controlling person of Longview, makes a claim for indemnification pursuant to this Section 10.6 but it is judicially determined (by the entry of a final judgment or decree by a court of competent jurisdiction and the expiration of time to appeal or the denial of the last right of appeal) that such indemnification may not be enforced in such case notwithstanding the fact that this Section 10.6 provides for indemnification in such case, or (ii) contribution under the 1933 Act may be required on the part of Longview or controlling person(s) of Longview in circumstances for which indemnification is not provided under this Section 10.6; then, and in each such case, the Company and Longview will contribute to the aggregate losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which they may be subject (after contribution from others) in such proportion so that Longview is responsible only for the portion represented by the percentage that the public offering price of its securities offered by the registration statement bears to the public offering price of all securities offered by such registration statement, provided, however, that, in any such case, (y) Longview will not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the public offering price of all such securities sold by it pursuant to such registration statement; and (z) no person or entity guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person or entity who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
300 E. Sonterra Blvd., Suite 1220
Attention: Michael J. Pawelek, CEO
Roy D. Toulan, Jr.
The Longview Fund, L.P.
Attention: S. Michael Rudolph
Edward Grushko, Esq.
Grushko & Mittman, P.C.