NOTE 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Financial Statement Presentation The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. Pursuant to guidance in ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements, and ASC 360-10-45-9 to 14, Property, Plant and Equipment, regarding when the results of operations of a component of an entity that is classified as held for sale would be reported as a discontinued operation in the financial statements of the entity. The Company determined that it met the threshold for reporting discontinued operations due to a strategic business shift having a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results. In February 2018, the Company announced strategic repositioning actions which resulted in agreements to sell cord blood and stem cell storage business. For this reason, the results of operations for the cord blood and cord tissue stem cell operations have been reclassified into discontinued operations and the related assets and liabilities are reflected as held-for-sale for all periods presented. See Note 3. Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CBAI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits in banks with maturities of three months or less, and all highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which have original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable consist of the amounts due for facilitating the processing and storage of umbilical cord blood and cord tissue, and birth tissue procurement services. Accounts receivable relating to deferred revenues are netted against deferred revenue for presentation purposes. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based upon historical experience. The allowance is reviewed quarterly and adjusted for accounts deemed uncollectible by management. Amounts are written off when all collection efforts have failed. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Routine maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred while major replacement and improvements are capitalized as additions to the related assets. Sales and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the cost and accumulated depreciation from the related asset and accumulated depreciation accounts with any gain or loss credited or charged to income upon disposition. Intangible Assets (related to cord blood and cord tissue stem cell storage business) Intangible assets consist primarily of customer contracts and relationships as part of the acquisition of the CorCell and CureSource assets in 2007. During 2011 the Company also foreclosed and acquired assets from NeoCells, a subsidiary of ViviCells, as satisfaction of outstanding receivables from Vivicells. Intangible assets are stated at cost. Amortization of intangible assets is computed using the sum of the years’ digits method, over an estimated useful life of 18 years. Amortization expense included in the discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $295,486 and $345,348 respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, other than goodwill, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or a significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets is not recoverable. Inventory Inventory, comprised principally of finished goods, is stated at the lower of cost or net realized value using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. This policy requires the Company to make estimates regarding the market value of its inventory, including an assessment of excess or obsolete inventory. The Company determines excess and obsolete inventory based on an estimate of the future demand and estimated selling prices for its products. Notes Receivable Notes receivable consists of the notes due from Biocordcell Argentina S.A. (BioCells) and Banco Vida. The notes receivable are recorded at carrying-value on the financial statements. For note receivable from BioCells, since the Company agreed to finance the sale of the shares in Biocordcell at no stated interest, in accordance with ASC 500, the interest method was applied using a 6% borrowing rate. The Company recorded an unamortized discount based on the 6% borrowing rate and the discount is amortized throughout the life of the note. Deferred Revenue (related to cord blood and cord tissue stem cell storage business) Deferred revenue consists of payments for enrollment in the program and processing of umbilical cord blood and cord tissue by customers whose samples have not yet been collected, as well as the pro-rata share of annual storage fees for customers whose samples were stored during the year. Valuation of Derivative Instruments ASC 815-40 requires that embedded derivative instruments be bifurcated and assessed, along with free-standing derivative instruments such as warrants, on their issuance date and in accordance with ASC 815-40-15 to determine whether they should be considered a derivative liability and measured at their fair value for accounting purposes. In determining the appropriate fair value, the Company uses the Binomial option pricing formula and present value pricing. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company adjusted its derivative liability to its fair value, and reflected the change in fair value, in its consolidated statements of operations. Revenue Recognition (related to cord blood and cord tissue stem cell storage business) CBAI recognizes revenue under the provisions of ASC 605. CBAI provides a combination of products and services to customers. This combination arrangement is evaluated under ASC 605. ASC 605 addresses certain aspects of accounting for arrangements under multiple revenue generating activities. Cord recognizes revenue from both enrollment fees and processing fees upon the completion of processing while revenue from storage fees are recognized ratably over the contractual storage period. Cost of Services Costs are incurred as umbilical cord blood, cord tissue and birth tissue are collected. These costs include the transportation of the umbilical cord blood, cord tissue and birthing tissue from the hospital, direct material, costs for processing and cryogenic storage of new samples by a third party laboratory, collection kit materials and allocated rent, utility and general administrative expenses. The Company expenses costs in the period incurred. Income Taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as income in the period that included the enactment date. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance based on the portion of tax benefits that more likely than not will not be realized. The Company follows guidance issued by the FASB with regard to its accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Such guidance prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not and a measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In making this assessment, a company must determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based solely on the technical merits of the position and must assume that the tax position will be examined by taxing authorities. Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties totaled $0 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The Company files income tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and various state jurisdictions. Accounting for Stock Option Plan The Company’s share-based employee compensation plans are described in Note 9. On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of ASC 718 , “Accounting for Stock-based Compensation (Revised 2004)” (“123(R)”), which requires the fair value measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors, including employee stock options. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings per share (EPS) is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS except that the weighted average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been exercised. The Company’s common equivalent shares are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS if the effect is anti-dilutive. The diluted weighted average common shares outstanding are 1,272,066,146 and as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Concentration of Risk Credit risk represents the accounting loss that would be recognized at the reporting date if counterparties failed completely to perform as contracted. Concentrations of credit risk (whether on or off balance sheet) that arise from financial instruments exist for groups of customers or counterparties when they have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet their contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions described below. Relationships and agreements which could potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of the use of one source for the processing and storage of all umbilical cord blood and one source for the development and maintenance of a website. The Company believes that alternative sources are available for each of these concentrations. Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk could consist of cash balances maintained in excess of federal depository insurance limits. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalent balances with high credit quality financial institutions. At times, cash and cash equivalent balances may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limits, and as of December 31, 2017, this was the case. To date, the Company has not experienced any such losses. Fair Value Measurements Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure the fair value. Level inputs, as defined by ASC 820, are as follows: ● Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. ● Level 2 – other significant observable inputs for the assets or liabilities through corroboration with market data at the measurement date. ● Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use to price the assets or liabilities at the measurement date. The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level at December 31, 2017 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Derivative liability $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Derivative liability was valued under the Binomial model with the following assumptions: Risk free interest rate 0 % Expected life 0 years Dividend Yield 0 % Volatility 0 % The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level at December 31, 2016 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Derivative liability $ -- $ -- $ 109,731 $ 109,731 Derivative liability was valued under the Binomial model, with the following assumptions: Risk free interest rate 0.12% to 0.47% Expected life 0 to 0.75 years Dividend Yield 0% Volatility 0% to 109% The following table provides a roll-forward of the Company’s derivative liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable level 3 inputs: 2017 2016 Balance as of beginning of period $ 109,731 $ 182,213 Change in fair value of derivative — (72,482 ) Reversal of derivative liability associated with payoff of the convertible note payable (109,731 ) — Balance as of end of period $ — $ 109,731 There were no financial instruments measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and on a non-recurring basis for any of the periods presented. For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and deferred revenues, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities. The carrying amounts of the Company’s notes receivable and notes payable approximates fair value based on the prevailing interest rates. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (ASU 2014-09) as modified by ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date,” ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” and ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients.” The revenue recognition principle in ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, new and enhanced disclosures will be required. Companies may adopt the new standard either using the full retrospective approach, a modified retrospective approach with practical expedients, or a cumulative effect upon adoption approach. The Company will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the full retrospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and subsequently amended the guidance relating largely to transition considerations under the standard in January 2017. The objective of this update is to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods and is to be applied utilizing a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it may have on its financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. The objective of this ASU is to eliminate the diversity in practice related to the classification of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. For public business entities, this ASU is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company will adopt this standard on January 1, 2018 and will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting (ASU 2016-09), which provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. This pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company will adopt this standard on January 1, 2018 and will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. On December 22, 2017 the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 (SAB 118), which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the TCJA). SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the TCJA for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the TCJA is incomplete but for which they are able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional amount in the financial statements. Provisional treatment is proper in light of anticipated additional guidance from various taxing authorities, the SEC, the FASB, and even the Joint Committee on Taxation. If a company cannot determine a provisional amount to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the TCJA. The Company has applied this guidance to its financial statement |