Liabilities, Commitments and Contingencies | Liabilities, Commitments and Contingencies 737 MAX Customer Concessions and Other Considerations During the first quarter of 2024, we recorded an earnings charge of $443, net of insurance recoveries, in connection with estimated considerations to customers for disruption related to the Alaska Airlines 737-9 accident and 737-9 grounding. This charge is reflected in the financial statements as a reduction to Sales of products. The following table summarizes changes in the 737 MAX customer concessions and other considerations liability during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. 2024 2023 Beginning balance – January 1 $1,327 $1,864 Reductions for payments made (767) (304) Reductions for concessions and other in-kind considerations (256) (55) Changes in estimates 510 (54) Ending balance – September 30 $814 $1,451 At September 30, 2024, $92 of the liability balance remains subject to negotiations with customers. The contracted amount includes $171 expected to be paid in cash primarily in 2024, while the remaining amounts are primarily expected to be liquidated by lower customer delivery payments. Environmental The following table summarizes changes in environmental remediation liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. 2024 2023 Beginning balance – January 1 $844 $752 Reductions for payments made, net of recoveries (67) (46) Changes in estimates 98 149 Ending balance – September 30 $875 $855 The liabilities recorded represent our best estimate or the low end of a range of reasonably possible costs expected to be incurred to remediate sites, including operation and maintenance over periods of up to 30 years. It is reasonably possible that we may incur costs that exceed these recorded amounts because of regulatory agency orders and directives, changes in laws and/or regulations, higher than expected costs and/or the discovery of new or additional contamination. As part of our estimating process, we develop a range of reasonably possible alternate scenarios that includes the high end of a range of reasonably possible cost estimates for all remediation sites for which we have sufficient information based on our experience and existing laws and regulations. There are some potential remediation obligations where the costs of remediation cannot be reasonably estimated. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the high end of the estimated range of reasonably possible remediation costs exceeded our recorded liabilities by $997 and $1,030. Product Warranties The following table summarizes changes in product warranty liabilities recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. 2024 2023 Beginning balance – January 1 $2,448 $2,275 Additions for current year deliveries 67 121 Reductions for payments made (297) (258) Changes in estimates (27) 285 Ending balance – September 30 $2,191 $2,423 Commercial Aircraft Trade-In Commitments In conjunction with signing definitive agreements for the sale of new aircraft, we have entered into trade-in commitments with certain customers that give them the right to trade in used aircraft at a specified price. The probability that trade-in commitments will be exercised is determined by using both quantitative information from valuation sources and qualitative information from other sources. The probability of exercise is assessed quarterly, or as events trigger a change, and takes into consideration the current economic and airline industry environments. Trade-in commitments, which can be terminated by mutual consent with the customer, may be exercised only during the period specified in the agreement, and require advance notice by the customer. Trade-in commitment agreements at September 30, 2024, have expiration dates from 2024 through 2030. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, total contractual trade-in commitments were $1,325 and $1,415. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we estimated it was probable we would be obligated to perform on certain of these commitments with net amounts payable to customers totaling $431 and $407 and the fair value of the related trade-in aircraft was $428 and $407. Financing Commitments Financing commitments related to aircraft on order, including options and those proposed in sales campaigns, and refinancing of delivered aircraft, totaled $17,379 and $17,003 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The estimated earliest potential funding dates for these commitments as of September 30, 2024 are as follows: Total October through December 2024 $517 2025 3,162 2026 4,214 2027 3,489 2028 2,272 Thereafter 3,725 Total $17,379 As of September 30, 2024, $14,053 of these financing commitments relate to customers we believe have less than investment-grade credit. We have concluded that no reserve for future potential losses is required for these financing commitments based upon the terms, such as collateralization and interest rates, under which funding would be provided. Other Financial Commitments We have financial commitments to make additional capital contributions totaling $261 to certain joint ventures over the next eight years. Standby Letters of Credit and Surety Bonds We have entered into standby letters of credit and surety bonds with financial institutions primarily relating to the guarantee of our future performance on certain contracts and security agreements. Contingent liabilities on outstanding letters of credit agreements and surety bonds aggregated approximately $2,912 and $4,548 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Supply Chain Financing Programs The Company has supply chain financing programs in place under which participating suppliers may elect to obtain payment from an intermediary. The Company confirms the validity of invoices from participating suppliers and agrees to pay the intermediary an amount based on invoice totals. The majority of amounts payable under these programs are due within 30 to 90 days but may extend up to 12 months. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, Accounts payable included $2.7 billion and $2.9 billion payable to suppliers who have elected to participate in these programs. See Note 1. Recoverable Costs on Government Contracts Our final incurred costs for each year are subject to audit and review for allowability by the U.S. government, which can result in payment demands related to costs they believe should be disallowed. We work with the U.S. government to assess the merits of claims and where appropriate reserve for amounts disputed. If we are unable to satisfactorily resolve disputed costs, we could be required to record an earnings charge and/or provide refunds to the U.S. government. In addition, we are making certain capital expenditures in anticipation of future contract awards that have risk for impairment if we are not selected. Fixed-Price Contracts Long-term contracts that are contracted on a fixed-price basis could result in losses in future periods. Certain of the fixed-price contracts are for the development of new products, services and related technologies. Estimating the cost and time for us and our suppliers to complete these contracts is inherently uncertain due to operational and technical complexities. This uncertainty requires us to make significant judgments and assumptions about future operational and technical performance, and the outcome of customer and/or supplier contractual negotiations. The risk that actual performance, technical or contractual outcomes could be different than those previously assumed creates financial risk that could trigger additional material earnings charges, termination provisions, order cancellations, or other financially significant exposure. VC-25B Presidential Aircraft The Company’s firm fixed-price contract for the Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) effort on the U.S. Air Force’s (USAF) VC-25B Presidential Aircraft, commonly known as Air Force One, is a $4 billion program to develop and modify two 747-8 commercial aircraft. During 2023, we increased the reach-forward loss on the contract by $482 driven by engineering changes to support the build and installation process; the resolution of supplier negotiations; and factory performance related to labor instability. During the second quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the contract by $250 primarily driven by higher than anticipated costs due to engineering design changes related to wiring and other structural requirements. Risk remains that we may record additional losses in future periods. KC-46A Tanker In 2011, we were awarded a contract from the USAF to design, develop, manufacture, and deliver four next generation aerial refueling tankers as well as priced options for 13 annual production lots totaling 179 aircraft. Since 2016, the USAF has authorized 10 low rate initial production (LRIP) lots for a total of 139 aircraft. The EMD contract and authorized LRIP lots total approximately $27 billion as of September 30, 2024. The KC-46A Tanker is a derivative of the 767 commercial airplane program with the majority of the manufacturing costs being incurred in the 767 factory and the remaining costs being incurred in the military finishing and delivery centers. During 2023, we increased the reach-forward loss on the KC-46A Tanker program by $309 primarily resulting from factory disruption and additional rework due to a supplier quality issue. During the first quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss by $128, primarily due to factory disruption associated with supply chain constraints. During the second quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the contract by $391, primarily reflecting higher than anticipated factory disruption, including supply chain constraints and parts shortages. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the contract by $661 to reflect higher than anticipated factory disruption, higher estimated supplier costs, the projected impacts of IAM 751 contract negotiations and the ongoing work stoppage, and increased cost allocations primarily resulting from lower commercial airplane production rates. As of September 30, 2024, we had approximately $137 of capitalized precontract costs and $313 of potential termination liabilities to suppliers related to future production lots. Risk remains that we may record additional losses in future periods. MQ-25 In the third quarter of 2018, we were awarded the MQ-25 EMD contract by the U.S. Navy. The contract is a fixed-price contract that now includes development and delivery of seven aircraft and test articles at a contract price of $890. In connection with winning the competition, we recognized a reach-forward loss of $291 in the third quarter of 2018. During 2023, we increased the reach-forward loss by $231 primarily driven by production and flight testing delays as well as higher than anticipated production costs to complete EMD aircraft attributable to factory performance. During the first quarter of 2024, we were awarded a cost-type contract modification totaling $657 for two additional test aircraft plus other scope increases. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss by $217 primarily reflecting higher than anticipated production costs to complete EMD aircraft. The initial EMD units are currently progressing through the factory and the increase reflects recent and projected factory performance as well as the higher than anticipated complexity of the production build. We expect the initial units to complete production in 2025 and begin flight testing. We will be initiating final assembly operations at our new facility at Mid-America St. Louis Airport in Mascoutah, Illinois, in early 2025. Risk remains that we may record additional losses in future periods. T-7A Red Hawk EMD Contract & Production Options In 2018, we were awarded the T-7A Red Hawk program. The EMD portion of the contract is a $860 fixed-price contract and includes five aircraft and seven simulators. The production portion of the contract includes 11 production lots for aircraft and related services for 346 T-7A Red Hawk aircraft that we believe are probable of being exercised. Four EMD aircraft have been delivered as of September 30, 2024, and the flight testing is ongoing. We expect the first production and support contract option to be exercised in 2025 with the remaining lots expected to be exercised annually thereafter. During 2023, we increased the reach-forward loss on the T-7A Red Hawk program by $275 primarily reflecting higher estimated production costs. During the first quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the T-7A Red Hawk program by $94 primarily reflecting further increases in estimated production costs. During the second quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the program by $278 primarily driven by higher than anticipated costs to meet certain technical and support requirements, and flight test program inefficiencies and delays. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the program by $908 primarily to reflect higher estimated supplier costs related to future production lots. The higher estimated supplier costs are based on our updated assessment that previously assumed cost estimates are not projected to be realized in the current environment based on ongoing contracting activity and discussions with suppliers. The revised estimates include priced options or not-to-exceed pricing for contractually committed suppliers and escalated current prices for uncontracted work. We also provisioned for a supplier not fulfilling their contractual requirements for certain production lots. The charge also includes a provision related to certain equipment no longer assumed to be customer-furnished. At September 30, 2024, we had approximately $285 of capitalized precontract costs and $594 of potential termination liabilities to suppliers related to certain long-lead items for the first 4 production lots. Risk remains that we may record additional losses in future periods. Commercial Crew National Aeronautics and Space Administration has contracted us to design and build the CST-100 Starliner spacecraft to transport crews to the International Space Station (ISS). In the second quarter of 2022, we successfully completed the uncrewed Orbital Flight Test. During 2023, we increased the reach-forward loss by $288 primarily as a result of delaying the Crewed Flight Test (CFT) following notification by a parachute supplier of an issue identified through testing. The CFT launched on June 5, 2024, and docked with the ISS. The Starliner spacecraft had a minimum mission duration of 8 days. Its return to Earth was delayed to allow time to perform further testing of propulsion system anomalies and returned to Earth uncrewed in September 2024. As a result of the CFT delays, during the second quarter of 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the program by $125. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we increased the reach-forward loss on the program by $250 primarily to reflect schedule delays and higher testing and certification costs. At September 30, 2024, we had approximately $240 of capitalized precontract costs and $257 of potential termination liabilities to suppliers related to fixed-price unauthorized future missions. Risk remains that we may record additional losses in future periods. |