UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F/A
(Amendment No. 1)
(Mark One)
o | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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OR | |
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x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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OR | |
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o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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OR | |
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o | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report: N/A
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 1-32229
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. |
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) |
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Homex Development Corp. |
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English) |
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United Mexican States |
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza M. 2204 Norte 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico Telephone: (52667) 758-5800 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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Vania Fueyo Zarain Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza M. 2204 Norte 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico Telephone: (52667) 758-5800 vfueyo@homex.com.mx |
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person) |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class |
| Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Shares, without par value |
| New York Stock Exchange |
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American Depositary Shares, each representing six common shares, without par value * |
| New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Notes due September 28, 2015 |
(Title of Class) |
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:
335,069,167 common shares, without par value |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known, seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act:
x Yes o No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
o Yes x No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:
x Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
o Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x |
| Accelerated filer o |
| Non-accelerated filer o |
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP o |
| IFRS o |
| Other x |
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:
o Item 17 x Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
o Yes x No
* Not for trading but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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40 | ||
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64 | ||
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90 | ||
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91 | ||
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92 | ||
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MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 92 | |
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PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS | 95 | |
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95 | ||
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95 | ||
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98 |
20-F/A 2010
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Annual Report on Form 20-F/A is being filed as an amendment to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.
This amendment includes a correction of a typographical error in Exhibit 13 “Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002” to reflect that the certification is filed with respect to our Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.
In addition, we are amending certain combining figures contained in Note 32 (“Supplemental Guarantor Information”) to our accompanying audited consolidated financial statements. These changes relate only to the combining presentation of Note 32, and in no way impact our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows previously reported under both Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“MFRS”) and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). The reports of our independent registered public accounting firm have been dual-dated accordingly to reflect this change.
Except as described above, no other change has been made to the Form 20-F/A. The filing of this Amendment should not be understood to mean that any statements contained herein have been updated to reflect developments as of any date subsequent to June 29, 2011, except for Note 32 as to which the date is September 16, 2011.
For the convenience of investors, we are presenting this annual report on Form 20-F/A on an amended and restated basis.
* * *
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Throughout this annual report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company” and “Homex” refer to Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries.
Financial Information
This annual report includes our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010. Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, are stated in Mexican pesos.
We prepare our financial statements in pesos and in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Normas de Información Financiera), referred to as “MFRS”, as issued by the Mexican Financial Information Standards Board (Consejo Mexicano de Normas de Información Financiera) which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, referred to as US GAAP. See Notes 28 through 30 to our audited consolidated financial statements for information relating to the nature and effect of such differences and for a quantitative reconciliation of our total net income and total equity according to MFRS to consolidated net income, and consolidated equity according to US GAAP.
Effective January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. Based on this Standard, the Company did not recognize the effects of inflation in its financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010. The effects of transactions that occurred after that date are expressed in nominal pesos.
According to the provisions of MFRS B-10, an inflationary environment is present when cumulative inflation for the three preceding years is 26% or more, in which case, the effects of inflation must be recognized in the financial statements. Based on this standard, the economic environment in Mexico in 2010, 2009 and 2008 is considered non-inflationary because inflation over 2008, 2009 and 2010 was less than 26%. Accordingly, the Company’s financial information for 2010, 2009 and 2008 was prepared without recognizing the effects of inflation. Accordingly, the financial statements as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 have been presented based on nominal pesos without including the effects of inflation.
Pursuant to MFRS, prior to January 1, 2010, we recognized revenues from the sale of homes based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which required us to recognize revenues measured by the percentage of actual costs incurred to total estimated costs for each development and each project.
In December 2008, Interpretation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“IMFRS”) 14 was issued by the CINIF to complement Bulletin D-7, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.
Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company stopped recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company began to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” (or the “deposit accounting method”) in which revenues, costs and expenses should be recognized when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
· the Company has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership;
· the Company does not retain any continued participation of the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;
· the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;
· it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and
· the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.
The above conditions are typically met upon the completion of construction, and signing by the Company, the customer and (if applicable) the lender the legal contracts and deeds of ownership (escritura) over the property. At that time, the customer would have the legal right to take possession of the home.
This Interpretation was adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods with the presentation of 2010 consolidated financial statements as required by MFRS B-1 Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.
Effective January 1, 2012, we will be required under applicable regulations of the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores, or “CNBV”) to report under International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) in place of MFRS, which may have additional effects on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Currency Information
Unless otherwise specified, references to “US$,” “U.S. dollars” and “dollars” are to the lawful currency of the United States. References to Brazilian “Reals” or “BR$” are to the lawful currency of Brazil. References to “Ps.” and “pesos” are to the lawful currency of Mexico. References to “UDI” and “UDIs” are to Unidades de Inversión, units of account whose value in pesos is indexed to inflation on a daily basis by Banco de México (Mexico’s central bank) and published periodically.
This annual report contains translations of various peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. You should not understand these translations as representations that the peso amounts actually represent these U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, we have translated U.S. dollar amounts in this annual report at the exchange rate of Ps.12.3817 to US$1.00, which was the buying rate published by Banco de México, expressed in pesos per U.S. dollar, on December 31, 2010. On June 29, 2011, such noon buying rate was Ps. 11.8389 to US$1.00.
Unless otherwise indicated, references to UDIs are to UDIs at Banco de México’s UDI conversion rate of Ps.4.526308 per UDI on December 31, 2010. On June 29, 2011, the UDI conversion rate was 4.554642 per UDI.
Industry and Market Data
Market data and other statistical information used throughout this annual report are based on independent industry publications, government publications, reports by market research firms or other published independent sources. Some data are also based on our estimates, which are derived from our review of internal surveys, as well as independent sources. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we have not independently verified the information and cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness.
MARKET SHARE AND OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information Presented
The standard measure of area in the real estate market in Mexico is the square meter (m(2)). Unless otherwise specified, all units of area shown in this annual report are expressed in terms of m(2), acres or hectares. One square meter is equal to approximately 10.764 square feet. Approximately 4,047 m(2) (or 43,562 square feet) are equal to one acre and one hectare is equal to 10,000 m(2) (or approximately 2.5 acres).
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report and the documents incorporated by reference into this annual report contain forward-looking statements. We may from time to time make forward-looking statements in our periodic reports to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on Form 6-K, in our annual report to shareholders, in prospectuses, press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by our officers, directors or employees to analysts, institutional investors, representatives of the media and others. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “predict,” “forecast,” “guideline,” “should” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying these statements. Examples of these forward-looking statements include:
· projections of revenues, net income (loss), earnings per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure or other financial items or ratios;
· statements of our plans, objectives or goals, including those relating to anticipated competition, regulation, government housing policy and rates;
· statements about our future economic performance or that of Mexico; and
· statements of assumptions underlying these statements.
You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which are based on current expectations. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. They involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our future results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine these results and values are beyond our ability to control or predict. All forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this annual report are made as of the date on the front cover of this annual report, based on information available to us as of such date, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or risk factor.
ITEM 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors.
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.
Not applicable.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following tables present our selected consolidated financial information as of and for the periods indicated. Information as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 is derived from and should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements provided in this annual report beginning on page F-1. Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, are stated in pesos.
The information in the following tables should also be read together with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with MFRS, which differ in certain significant respects from US GAAP. Notes 28 through 30 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide information relating to the nature and effect of such differences as they relate to us, and provide a reconciliation to US GAAP of consolidated net income and consolidated equity.
Pursuant to MFRS, and the adoption of IMFRS 14, as of January 1, 2010, we use what is often referred to as “completed contract method” (or the “deposit accounting method”) of accounting for revenues and costs. For more information on the completed contract method of accounting and how it differs from U.S. GAAP, see “Presentation of Financial Information.” IMFRS 14 has been retrospectively adopted from January 1, 2008 in the accompanying MFRS consolidated financial statements included in Item 18. Because we are not required to re-file our 2007 and 2006 MFRS consolidated financial statements with our local Mexican regulator with the inclusion of IMFRS 14, and because we believe that it would entail unreasonable effort and expense to compile MFRS selected financial data for 2007 and 2006, such amounts have been excluded from presentation below. However, as we have previously reconciled our MFRS financial information to US GAAP for all periods, we continue to report US GAAP selected financial data for all periods presented below. Certain of our US GAAP selected financial data for the periods 2006 through 2009 has been restated as indicated below.
Pursuant to US GAAP, we apply Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 360.20 (formerly FAS 66 Accounting for Sales of Real Estate) for the substantial majority of our revenues. Revenues under US GAAP’s ASC 360.20 are recognized when all the following events occur: a) a sale is consummated; b) a significant initial down payment is received (when applicable); and c) the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. Revenue recognition under IMFRS 14 and US GAAP are much more closely aligned than previous MFRS, although certain differences still exist. The principal remaining differences between ASC 360.20 and IMFRS 14 relate to revenues from the National Housing Institute, or INVI (Instituto Nacional de Vivienda), other financial institutions and unsecured homebuyers, which are included for MFRS purposes but not for US GAAP. For a further discussion of revenue recognition policies under US GAAP and how they differ from MFRS, refer to Notes 28 through and 30 to our consolidated financial statements.
Except for ratios, percentages, and per share, per American Depositary Share, or ADS, and operating data, all amounts are presented in thousands of pesos.
For additional information regarding financial information presented in this annual report, see “Presentation of Financial Information.”
Homex Selected Consolidated Financial Information
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| Years Ended December 31, |
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| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
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| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
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Statement of Operations Data: |
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Mexican Financial Reporting Standards: |
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Revenues (1) |
| 19,652,309 |
| 17,476,489 |
| 14,725,828 |
| * |
| * |
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Cost of sales (5) |
| 13,727,484 |
| 12,285,836 |
| 10,356,329 |
| * |
| * |
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Gross profit |
| 5,924,825 |
| 5,190,653 |
| 4,369,499 |
| * |
| * |
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Selling and administrative expenses |
| 2,980,379 |
| 2,471,680 |
| 2,303,402 |
| * |
| * |
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Income from operations |
| 2,944,446 |
| 2,718,973 |
| 2,066,097 |
| * |
| * |
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Other (expenses) income, net (4) |
| (142,765 | ) | 5,320 |
| (140,238 | ) | * |
| * |
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Net comprehensive financing cost (2) (5) |
| 314,742 |
| 148,511 |
| 508,673 |
| * |
| * |
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Income before income taxes |
| 2,486,939 |
| 2,575,782 |
| 1,417,186 |
| * |
| * |
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Income tax expense |
| 906,997 |
| 994,389 |
| 456,256 |
| * |
| * |
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Consolidated net income |
| 1,579,942 |
| 1,581,393 |
| 960,930 |
| * |
| * |
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Net income of controlling interest |
| 1,511,763 |
| 1,565,869 |
| 926,635 |
| * |
| * |
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Net income of non-controlling interest |
| 68,179 |
| 15,524 |
| 34,295 |
| * |
| * |
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Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |
| 334,748 |
| 334,830 |
| 334,870 |
| * |
| * |
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Basic and diluted controlling interest earnings per share (in pesos) |
| 4.52 |
| 4.68 |
| 2.77 |
| * |
| * |
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Basic and diluted controlling interest earnings per ADS (3) (in pesos) |
| 27.12 |
| 28.08 |
| 16.62 |
| * |
| * |
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US GAAP: |
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Revenues (1) |
| 19,628,540 |
| 17,615,888 |
| 14,884,701 |
| 13,849,728 |
| 13,224,145 |
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Cost of sales |
| 13,754,383 |
| 12,658,080 |
| 10,398,464 |
| 9,814,725 |
| 9,311,415 |
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Gross profit |
| 5,874,157 |
| 4,957,808 |
| 4,486,237 |
| 4,035,003 |
| 3,912,730 |
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Operating income (4) |
| 2,955,455 |
| 2,527,445 |
| 2,108,793 |
| 2,116,650 |
| 2,519,346 |
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Consolidated net income |
| 2,045,616 |
| 1,500,006 |
| 605,913 |
| 1,604,144 |
| 1,528,484 |
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Net income (loss) of non-controlling interests |
| 68,179 |
| (11,351 | ) | 38,131 |
| 128,612 |
| 48,278 |
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Net income of controlling interests |
| 1,977,437 |
| 1,511,357 |
| 567,782 |
| 1,475,532 |
| 1,480,206 |
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Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |
| 334,748 |
| 334,830 |
| 334,870 |
| 335,688 |
| 335,869 |
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Basic and diluted controlling interest earnings per share (in pesos) |
| 5.91 |
| 4.51 |
| 1.70 |
| 4.40 |
| 4.41 |
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Basic and diluted controlling interest earnings per ADS (3) (in pesos) |
| 35.46 |
| 27.06 |
| 10.20 |
| 26.40 |
| 26.46 |
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| As of and for the Years Ended December 31, |
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| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
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| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
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Balance Sheet Data: |
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Mexican Financial Reporting Standards: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
| 3,435,222 |
| 3,251,416 |
| 1,268,185 |
| * |
| * |
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Trade accounts receivable |
| 1,975,203 |
| 519,474 |
| 1,275,486 |
| * |
| * |
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Total current assets |
| 23,280,441 |
| 16,645,875 |
| 15,755,207 |
| * |
| * |
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Land held for future development |
| 10,591,499 |
| 11,765,197 |
| 9,254,469 |
| * |
| * |
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Property and equipment |
| 1,002,572 |
| 1,110,582 |
| 1,402,928 |
| * |
| * |
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Total assets |
| 36,641,484 |
| 31,221,548 |
| 27,941,432 |
| * |
| * |
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Current debt and current portion of long-term debt |
| 1,728,513 |
| 270,595 |
| 1,417,404 |
| * |
| * |
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Current portion of leases |
| 169,604 |
| 108,437 |
| 89,255 |
| * |
| * |
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Total current liabilities |
| 8,280,762 |
| 6,349,619 |
| 8,742,417 |
| * |
| * |
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Long-term obligations |
| 10,787,601 |
| 9,460,163 |
| 5,990,119 |
| * |
| * |
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Swap payable |
| 508,160 |
| 119,084 |
| — |
| * |
| * |
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Long-term leases |
| 235,430 |
| 254,679 |
| 314,639 |
| * |
| * |
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Land suppliers — long-term |
| 41,441 |
| 74,569 |
| 405,426 |
| * |
| * |
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Total long-term liabilities |
| 16,040,211 |
| 13,966,117 |
| 9,750,374 |
| * |
| * |
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Total liabilities |
| 24,320,973 |
| 20,315,736 |
| 18,492,791 |
| * |
| * |
|
Common stock |
| 528,011 |
| 528,011 |
| 528,011 |
| * |
| * |
|
Total equity |
| 12,320,511 |
| 10,905,812 |
| 9,448,641 |
| * |
| * |
|
Total liabilities and equity |
| 36,641,484 |
| 31,221,548 |
| 27,941,432 |
| * |
| * |
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| As of and for the Years Ended December 31, |
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|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
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| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
| ||||||||
US GAAP: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
| 3,307,692 |
| 3,122,074 |
| 1,140,140 |
| 2,206,834 |
| 2,381,689 |
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Restricted cash |
| 127,530 |
| 129,342 |
| 128,045 |
| 156,090 |
| 37,597 |
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Accounts receivable |
| 1,759,944 |
| 321,736 |
| 1,016,172 |
| 600,655 |
| 985,043 |
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Total current assets |
| 23,496,997 |
| 17,751,648 |
| 17,414,199 |
| 13,850,381 |
| 12,095,280 |
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Land held for future development |
| 10,591,499 |
| 10,912,389 |
| 9,254,469 |
| 7,091,074 |
| 5,180,580 |
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Property and equipment |
| 1,376,650 |
| 1,110,582 |
| 1,402,928 |
| 1,155,729 |
| 669,095 |
|
Total assets |
| 37,428,778 |
| 30,975,025 |
| 30,136,052 |
| 23,941,142 |
| 19,707,619 |
|
Total current liabilities |
| 12,875,279 |
| 10,625,255 |
| 14,274,158 |
| 11,054,629 |
| 9,147,783 |
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Long-term obligations |
| 12,249,288 |
| 9,925,107 |
| 6,827,855 |
| 4,510,319 |
| 3,647,602 |
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Total equity |
| 12,304,211 |
| 10,424,663 |
| 9,034,039 |
| 8,376,194 |
| 6,912,234 |
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Other Financial Data: |
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Mexican Financial Reporting Standards: |
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Depreciation |
| 362,351 |
| 371,402 |
| 323,727 |
| * |
| * |
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Gross margin (6) |
| 30.1 | % | 29.7 | % | 29.7 | % | * |
| * |
|
Operating margin (7) |
| 15.0 | % | 15.6 | % | 14.0 | % | * |
| * |
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Net margin (8) |
| 8.0 | % | 9.0 | % | 6.5 | % | * |
| * |
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Other Financial Data: |
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|
Adjusted EBITDA (9) |
| 4,104,084 |
| 3,768,335 |
| 3,103,800 |
| * |
| * |
|
Net debt (10) |
| 9,375,623 |
| 6,755,935 |
| 6,468,708 |
| * |
| * |
|
Ratio of total debt to total equity |
| 104.0 | % | 91.8 | % | 81.9 | % | * |
| * |
|
Ratio of total debt to total assets |
| 35.0 | % | 32.1 | % | 27.7 | % | * |
| * |
|
US GAAP: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin (6) |
| 29.9 | % | 28.1 | % | 30.1 | % | 29.1 | % | 29.6 | % |
Operating margin (7) |
| 15.1 | % | 14.3 | % | 14.2 | % | 15.2 | % | 19.1 | % |
Net margin (8) |
| 10.4 | % | 8.5 | % | 4.1 | % | 11.6 | % | 11.6 | % |
Other Financial Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA (9) |
| 3,649,371 |
| 3,196,530 |
| 1,357,188 |
| 2,855,834 |
| 2,715,514 |
|
(*) Because we are not required to re-file our 2007 and 2006 MFRS consolidated financial statements with our local Mexican regulator with the inclusion of IMFRS 14, and because we believe that it would entail unreasonable effort and expense to compile MFRS selected financial data for 2007 and 2006, such amounts have been excluded from the selected financial data presentation.
As discussed in Note 29 to our consolidated financial statements, while preparing our 2010 consolidated financial statements and specifically our adoption of IMFRS 14, we undertook additional reconciliation control procedures which identified certain inflationary effects that were capitalized into US GAAP inventory balances during previous years which were not subsequently relieved when the related US GAAP inventory was sold. These errors resulted in an overstatement of US GAAP inventory balances and US GAAP equity balances for multiple accounting periods. The correction of this error had no impact on revenues or net income during 2009 or 2008, although its correction reduced 2007 net income by Ps. 191,702 and 2006 net income by Ps. 152,371. The Company has retrospectively adjusted its US GAAP financial information included herein so as to correct these errors.
(1) | The substantial majority of sales are recognized using a completed contract method (or the “deposit accounting method”), which means when title passes to the homebuyer and the homebuyer has the legal right to occupy the home. |
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|
(2) | Represents interest income, interest expense, valuation effects of derivative instruments and foreign exchange gains and losses. |
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|
(3) | Assumes all common shares are represented by ADSs. Each ADS represents six common shares. Any discrepancies between per share and per ADS amounts in the tables are due to rounding. |
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|
(4) | Employee statutory profit-sharing expense is classified as an operating expense under US GAAP, and as other income (expenses), net under MFRS. |
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|
(5) | Interest capitalized as part of the cost of inventories is included in cost of sales under US GAAP and MFRS. Due to the application of MFRS D-6 during 2010, 2009 and 2008, the net comprehensive financing cost capitalized (CFC) related to qualified assets for the same periods was Ps.965,008, Ps.563,154 and Ps.1,250,080, respectively, of which Ps.758,332 (of |
| which Ps.432,819 is related to the current year CFC and Ps.325,513 is related to prior years), Ps.537,431 (of which Ps.239,597 is related to the current year CFC and Ps.297,834 is related to prior years) and Ps.662,080 (of which Ps.607,622 is related to the current year CFC and Ps.54,458 is related to prior years) related to inventories sold and subsequently were applied to cost of sales of the same periods, respectively. The average period for the amortization of the capitalized comprehensive financing cost is 9 months. The annual capitalization rates are 8.50%, 6.50% and 24.3%, respectively. |
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|
(6) | Represents gross profit divided by total revenues. |
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|
(7) | Represents operating income divided by total revenues. |
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(8) | Represents net income divided by total revenues. |
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(9) | Adjusted EBITDA is not a financial measure computed under Mexican or US GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA derived from our MFRS financial information means MFRS net income excluding (i) depreciation and amortization; (ii) CFC (which are composed of net interest expense (income), foreign exchange gain or loss and valuation effects of derivative instruments including CFC capitalized to land balances that is subsequently charged to cost of sales); (iii) other expenses related to provision for tax surcharges; and (iv) income tax expense and employee statutory profit-sharing expense. |
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|
| Adjusted EBITDA derived from our U.S. GAAP financial information means US GAAP net income excluding (i) depreciation and amortization; (ii) interest expense and inflation effect; (iii) other expenses related to provision for tax surcharges; and (iv) income tax expense. Adjusted EBITDA does not exclude interest income (Ps.57,088 in 2010, Ps.52,203 in 2009 and Ps.63,141 in 2008). |
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|
| Adjusted EBITDA under MFRS excludes the effect of CFC capitalized to land balances that is subsequently charged to cost of sales. The Company’s computation of Adjusted EBITDA under US GAAP includes such expense in the computation of Adjusted EBITDA for all periods. Accordingly, the two computations are not comparable. |
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|
| Accordingly, Adjusted EBITDA under MFRS and US GAAP are computed using different inputs and are not comparable. |
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|
| We believe that Adjusted EBITDA can be useful to facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and with other companies in our industry because it excludes the effect of (i) depreciation and amortization, which represent a non-cash charge to earnings; (ii) certain financing costs, which are significantly affected by external factors, including interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, which have little or no bearing on our operating performance; and (iii) income tax expense and, for Adjusted EBITDA derived from our MFRS financial information, employee statutory profit-sharing expense. |
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|
| Adjusted EBITDA is also a useful basis for comparing our results with those of other companies because it presents operating results on a basis unaffected by capital structure. You should review Adjusted EBITDA, along with net income and cash flow from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities, when trying to understand our operating performance. While Adjusted EBITDA may provide a useful basis for comparison, our computation of Adjusted EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to Adjusted EBITDA as reported by other companies, as each is calculated in its own way and must be read in conjunction with the explanations that accompany it. While Adjusted EBITDA is a relevant and widely used measure of operating performance, it does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, determined in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP, as an indication of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities, determined in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP, as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs. |
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|
| Adjusted EBITDA has certain material limitations: (i) it does not include interest expense, which, because we have borrowed money to finance some of our operations, is a necessary and ongoing part of our costs and assisted us in generating revenue; (ii) it does not include taxes, which are a necessary and ongoing part of our operations; and (iii) it does not include depreciation, which, because we must utilize property and equipment in order to generate revenues in our operations, is a necessary and ongoing part of our costs. Therefore, any measure that excludes any or all of interest expense, taxes and depreciation and amortization has material limitations. |
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Computed from Our MFRS Financial Information
|
| Years Ended December 31, |
| ||||||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
|
|
| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
| ||||||||
Net income |
| 1,579,942 |
| 1,581,393 |
| 960,930 |
| * |
| * |
|
Depreciation |
| 362,351 |
| 371,402 |
| 323,727 |
| * |
| * |
|
Net comprehensive financing cost |
| 314,742 |
| 148,511 |
| 508,673 |
| * |
| * |
|
Other expenses |
| 136,193 |
| 44,155 |
| 30,312 |
| * |
| * |
|
Amortization of Beta trademark |
| 45,527 |
| 91,054 |
| 91,054 |
| * |
| * |
|
Employee statutory profit-sharing |
| — |
| — |
| 70,768 |
| * |
| * |
|
Comprehensive financing cost capitalized and subsequently charged cost of sales |
| 758,332 |
| 537,431 |
| 662,080 |
| * |
| * |
|
Income tax expense |
| 906,997 |
| 994,389 |
| 456,256 |
| * |
| * |
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
| 4,104,084 |
| 3,768,335 |
| 3,103,800 |
| * |
| * |
|
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Computed from Our US GAAP Financial Information
|
| Years Ended December 31, |
| ||||||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
|
|
| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
| ||||||||
Net income of controlling interest |
| 1,977,437 |
| 1,511,357 |
| 567,782 |
| 1,475,532 |
| 1,480,206 |
|
Depreciation |
| 362,351 |
| 371,402 |
| 323,727 |
| 196,307 |
| 130,829 |
|
Interest expense and inflation effect |
| 176,996 |
| 188,173 |
| 85,926 |
| 439,971 |
| 262,238 |
|
Amortization of backlog (intangible) |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 16,747 |
| 58,397 |
|
Amortization of Beta trademark |
| 45,527 |
| 91,054 |
| 91,054 |
| 92,958 |
| 94,477 |
|
Income tax expense |
| 1,087,060 |
| 1,034,544 |
| 288,699 |
| 634,319 |
| 689,367 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
| 3,649,371 |
| 3,196,530 |
| 1,357,188 |
| 2,855,834 |
| 2,715,514 |
|
(10) Net debt is not a financial measure computed under MFRS. We compute net debt as the sum of all debt (not including interest payable) less cash and cash equivalents, each of which is computed in accordance with MFRS. Management uses net debt as a measure of our total amount of leverage, as it gives effect to cash accumulated on our balance sheets. Management believes net debt provides useful information to investors because it reflects our actual debt as well as our available cash and cash equivalents that could be used to reduce this debt. Net debt has certain material limitations in that it assumes the use of our cash and cash equivalents to repay debt that is actually still outstanding and not to fund operating activities or for investment.
Reconciliation of Total Debt to Net Debt Derived from Our MFRS Financial Information
|
| As of December 31, |
| ||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
|
| (In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified) |
| ||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| 1,618,210 |
| 184,072 |
| 1,342,880 |
|
Current portion of leases |
| 169,604 |
| 108,437 |
| 89,255 |
|
Long-term debt |
| 11,023,031 |
| 9,714,842 |
| 6,304,758 |
|
Total debt |
| 12,810,845 |
| 10,007,351 |
| 7,736,893 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
| 3,435,222 |
| 3,251,416 |
| 1,268,185 |
|
Net debt |
| 9,375,623 |
| 6,755,935 |
| 6,468,708 |
|
DIVIDENDS
A vote by the majority of our shareholders present at a shareholders’ meeting determines the declaration, amount, and payment of dividends. Under Mexican law, dividends may only be paid from retained earnings and if losses for prior fiscal years have been recovered.
We have not paid dividends since we were formed in 1989 and we do not currently expect to pay dividends. We intend to devote a substantial portion of our future cash flow to funding working capital requirements and purchasing land following a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions. We may consider adopting a dividend policy in the future based on a number of factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, tax consideration, future prospects, and other factors that our board of directors and our shareholders may deem relevant, including the terms and conditions of future debt instruments that may limit our ability to pay dividends.
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the period-end, average, high and low exchange rate between the peso and U.S. dollar. The average annual rates presented in the following table were calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the relevant period. The data provided in this table for the year 2008 is based on buying rates published by Bank of New York. The data provided in this table for the years 2009 and 2010 is based on the exchange rates published by Banco de México. All amounts are stated in pesos, and we have not restated the rates in constant currency units. We make no representation that the Mexican peso amounts referred to in this annual report could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate or at all.
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| Noon Buying Rate (Ps. per US$) |
| ||||||
Years Ended December 31, |
| Low (1) |
| High (1) |
| Average (2) |
| Period - End |
|
2008 |
| 9.92 |
| 13.94 |
| 11.14 |
| 13.77 |
|
2009 |
| 12.60 |
| 15.37 |
| 13.50 |
| 13.07 |
|
2010 |
| 12.16 |
| 13.18 |
| 12.63 |
| 12.35 |
|
Month Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2010 |
| 12.33 |
| 12.46 |
| 12.39 |
| 12.35 |
|
January 31, 2011 |
| 12.02 |
| 12.26 |
| 12.13 |
| 12.15 |
|
February 29, 2011 |
| 11.99 |
| 12.19 |
| 12.07 |
| 12.11 |
|
March 31, 2011 |
| 11.91 |
| 12.10 |
| 12.00 |
| 11.91 |
|
April 30, 2011 |
| 11.53 |
| 11.85 |
| 11.72 |
| 11.53 |
|
May 31, 2011 |
| 11.50 |
| 11.77 |
| 11.65 |
| 11.61 |
|
June 30, 2011 (through June 29) |
| 11.58 |
| 11.96 |
| 11.80 |
| 11.84 |
|
(1) Rates shown are the actual low and high, on a day-by-day basis for each period.
(2) Average of daily rates.
On June 29, 2011, Banco de México’s UDI conversion rate was Ps. 4.554642 per UDI.
Industry and Market Data
Except during a liquidity crisis lasting from September through December 1982, Banco de México has consistently made foreign currency available to Mexican private sector entities (such as us) to meet their foreign currency obligations. Nevertheless, in the event of renewed shortages of foreign currency, it is possible that foreign currency will not continue to be available to private sector companies or that foreign currency that we may need to service foreign currency obligations or to import goods will not be available for purchase in the open market without substantial additional cost.
RISK FACTORS
Risk Factors Related to Our Business
Decreases in the Amount of Mortgage Financing Provided by Mexican Housing Funds on Which We Depend, or Disbursement Delays, Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues
The home building industry in Mexico has been characterized by a significant shortage of mortgage financing. Historically, the limited availability of financing has restricted home building and contributed to the current shortage of affordable entry-level housing. Substantially all financing for affordable entry-level housing in Mexico is provided by entities established for this purpose (“Mexican Housing Funds”) such as:
· the National Workers’ Housing Fund Institute, or “INFONAVIT” (Instituto del Fondo Nacional para la Vivienda de los Trabajadores), which is financed primarily through mandatory contributions from the gross wages of private sector workers, and securitization of mortgages in the capital markets;
· the Social Security and Services Institute Public Segment Workers’ Housing Fund, or “FOVISSSTE” (Fondo para la Vivienda y la Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado ), which is financed primarily through mandatory contributions from the gross wages of public sector workers; and
· public mortgage providers such as the Federal Mortgage Society, or “SHF” (Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal, S.N.C., Institucion de Banca de Desarrollo), which is financed through its own funds as well as funds provided by the World Bank and a trust managed by Banco de México.
See “Item 4. Information on the Company— Business Overview—The Mexican Housing Market.”
The amount of funding available and the level of mortgage financing from these sources is limited and may vary from year to year.
These Mexican Housing Funds have significant discretion in terms of the allocation and timing of disbursement of mortgage funds. We depend on the availability of mortgage financing provided by these Mexican Housing Funds for substantially all of our sales of affordable entry-level housing, which represented 67.6% of our revenues for 2010 and 78.9% of our revenues for 2009.
Accordingly, our financial results are affected by policies and administrative procedures of INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SHF, and a federal housing subsidy program, as well as by the Mexican government’s housing policy. The availability of mortgage financing granted by INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE has increased significantly during the past eight years as compared to historical levels, while financing from SHF has decreased due to a change in its policy in 2005. The future Mexican government housing finance policy may limit or delay the availability of mortgage financing provided by these agencies or otherwise institute changes, including changes in the methods by which these agencies grant mortgages and, in the case of INFONAVIT, the geographic allocation of mortgage financing, that could result in a decrease in revenues.
Disruptions in the operations of these Mexican Housing Funds, which could occur for any reason, may occur and result in a decrease in our sales and revenues. During 2009, disruptions included a delay in the disbursement of Mexican federal government subsidies in certain cities delaying the timing by which INFONAVIT commits to closing a transaction, and a slowdown in the collection process through FOVISSSTE, who employs sofoles to make payments which result in delays in the payment process.
Decreases or delays in the amount of funds available from INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SHF or other sources, or substantially increased competition for these funds, could result in a decrease in our sales and revenues. These funds may not continue to be allocated at their current levels or in regions in which we have or can quickly establish a significant presence.
The current administration of President Felipe Calderón has initiated a National Housing Program (Programa Nacional de Vivienda) 2007-2012, through which the government expects that Mexican Housing Funds will provide six million mortgages by 2012, mainly to low-income families. For 2011, the government believes that Mexican Housing Funds will provide 1.1 million residential mortgages.
A Slowdown in the Mexican Economy Could Limit the Availability of Private-Segment Financing in Mexico, on Which We Depend for Our Sales of Middle-Income Housing, Which Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues
One of our long-term strategies is to expand our operations in the middle-income and residential housing segments while maintaining our margins and without adversely affecting our financial condition. Our expansion into these markets depends on private sector lenders, such as commercial banks and Limited Purpose Financing Companies and Multiple Purpose Financing Companies (Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado y Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Múltiple, or “sofoles” and “sofomes”), which provide a substantial majority of mortgage financing for the middle-income segment. The availability of private sector mortgage financing in Mexico has been severely constrained in the past as a result of volatile economic conditions in Mexico, the level of liquidity and stability of the Mexican banking system, and the resulting adoption of more stringent lending criteria and bank regulations. From 1995 through 2001, commercial bank mortgage lending was generally unavailable in Mexico. However, during the same period a number of sofoles were formed, serving the mostly middle-income market. Since 2002, private sector lenders have gradually increased their mortgage financing activities as a result of improved economic conditions and increasing consumer demand. However, unfavorable general economic conditions, such as the recession and economic slowdown during 2009 in the United States negatively affected the Mexican economy and the availability of private sector mortgage financing. As a result, commercial lenders tightened their criteria for mortgage origination. Additionally, sofoles and sofomes faced liquidity constraints due to increased exposure to non-performing loans. As a result, since 2009, we decreased our exposure to the middle-income segment as sofoles and sofomes have continued to face liquidity constraints. During 2010, mortgages for the middle income segment continued to be constrained, as commercial banks and sofoles continued to be the main source of financing to the segment. Financing to the segment was importantly supported by co-financing products through INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. During 2010, INFONAVIT co-financed products represented 19.7 percent of the total mortgages placed or 93,727 mortgages compared to 9.1 percent or 40,655 mortgages during 2009. A prolonged economic slowdown in the United States and Mexico could result in reduced profitability and negatively affect our financial performance.
Our Strategy for Expansion in the Tourism/Resort Housing Market may be Affected by a Slowdown in U.S. General Economic Conditions, Which Could Adversely Affect Our Business or Our Financial Results
The tourism/resort homebuilding industry is sensitive to changes in economic conditions and other factors, such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, availability of financing, and interest rate levels. Adverse changes in any of these conditions, or in the markets where our targeted clients operate, could decrease demand and pricing for new homes in these areas or result in customer cancellations of pending contracts, which could adversely affect the number of home deliveries we make or reduce the prices we can charge for homes in the tourism/resort housing markets, either of which could result in a decrease in our revenues and earnings and would adversely affect our financial condition. However, the Company believes that the targeted customers will consist of an exclusive sector of senior U.S. and Canadian residents, for whom the availability of financing is not a key requisite for purchasing a second home. Nonetheless, we anticipate a reduction in potential customers for this segment due to continued softer demand from our targeted customers related to the economic slowdown started in 2008.
We Experience Significant Seasonality in Our Results of Operations
The Mexican affordable entry-level housing industry experiences significant seasonality during the year, principally due to the operational and lending cycles of INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. Payment by these lenders for home deliveries is slow at the beginning of the year and increases gradually through the second and third quarters with a rapid acceleration in the fourth quarter. We build and deliver affordable entry-level homes based on the seasonality of this cycle because we do not begin construction of these homes until a mortgage provider commits mortgage financing to a qualified homebuyer in a particular development. Accordingly, we tend to recognize significantly higher levels of revenue in the third and fourth quarters and our debt levels tend to be highest in the first and second quarters. We anticipate that our quarterly results of operations and our level of indebtedness will continue to experience variability from quarter to quarter in the future.
We May Experience Difficulty in Finding Desirable Land Tracts or Increases in the Price of Land May Increase Our Cost of Sales and Decrease Our Earnings
Our continued growth depends in large part on our ability to continue to be able to acquire land and to do so at a reasonable cost. As more developers enter or expand their operations in the Mexican home building industry, land prices could rise significantly and suitable land could become scarce due to increased demand or decreased supply. A resulting rise in land prices may increase our cost of sales and decrease our earnings. We may not be able to continue to acquire suitable land at reasonable prices in the future.
Increases in the Price of Raw Materials May Increase Our Cost of Sales and Reduce Our Net Earnings
The basic raw materials used in the construction of our homes include concrete, concrete block, steel, windows, doors, roof tiles and plumbing fixtures. Increases in the price of raw materials, including increases that may occur as a result of shortages, duties, restrictions, or fluctuations in exchange rates, could increase our cost of sales and reduce our net earnings to the extent we are unable to increase our sale prices. It is possible that the prices of our raw materials will increase in the future.
Loss of the Services of Our Key Management Personnel Could Result in Disruptions to Our Business Operations
Our management and operations are dependent in large part upon the contributions of a small number of key senior management personnel, including Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chairman, and Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chief Executive Officer. We do not have employment or non-compete agreements with or maintain key-man life insurance in respect of either of these individuals. Because of their knowledge of the industry and our operations and their experience with Homex, we believe that our future results will depend upon their efforts, and the loss of the services of either of these individuals for any reason could adversely affect our business operations.
Competition from Other Home Builders Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues
The home building industry in Mexico is highly competitive. Our principal competitors include public companies like Corporación GEO, S.A.B. de C.V., Consorcio ARA, S.A.B. de C.V., URBI Desarrollos Urbanos, S.A.B. de C.V. and SARE, S.A.B. de C.V. Our ability to maintain existing levels of home sales depends to some extent on competitive conditions, including price competition, competition for available mortgage financing, and competition for available land. Competition is likely to continue to decrease as some smaller and medium-sized homebuilding companies in Mexico are experiencing limited growth opportunities due to: (1) their dependence on bridge loans and short-term credit lines; (2) increases in the range of 300 to 400 bps in these companies interest rates for short-term credit lines; and (3) tighter lending restrictions from commercial banks to renew existing credit lines. We may experience pressure to reduce our prices in certain regions if some of our competitors are forced to sell their inventory in distressed sales upon exiting the market. In addition, competitive conditions may prevent us from achieving our goal of increasing our sales volume, or result in a decrease in our sales and revenues.
Adverse Economic Conditions in Mexico or in Other Emerging Markets Could Adversely Affect Us
We currently maintain operations in Mexico and to a lesser extent in other emerging markets. We expect that in the future we will have additional operations in the countries where we currently operate or in other countries with similar political and economic conditions. These emerging markets have a history of economic instability. Our operations may be adversely affected by trade barriers, currency fluctuations and exchange controls, high levels of inflation and increases in duties, taxes and governmental royalties, as well as changes in local laws and policies of the countries in which we conduct business. The governments of countries in which we operate, or may operate in the future, could take actions that materially adversely affect us. Accordingly, our results of operations and financial condition depend upon the overall level of economic activity and political stability in these emerging markets. Should economic conditions deteriorate in these countries or in emerging markets generally, our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.
In addition, we cannot provide any assurance that international markets will provide similar demand for housing as Mexico, that we will have similar success selling the houses that we may develop in international markets, or that the necessary financing from private and public sources will enable the public in these international markets to purchase the supply of housing that we may develop in these markets. As a result of our expansion into international markets, our profitability could be reduced and our financial performance could be negatively affected.
Changes in Building and Zoning Regulations to Which We are Subject Could Cause Delays in Construction and Result in Increased Costs
The Mexican housing industry is subject to extensive building and zoning regulation by various federal, state and municipal authorities. These authorities oversee land acquisition, development and construction activities, and certain dealings with customers. The costs associated with obtaining building and zoning permits, paying purchase or development fees and taxes, securing utility service rights and titling new homes are substantially higher in Mexico than in other countries and vary significantly from region to region in Mexico. We are required to obtain the approval of numerous federal, state and local governmental authorities for our development activities. Changes in local circumstances or applicable law or regulations of such entities may require modifying or
applying for additional approvals or changing our processes and procedures to comply with them. It is possible that these factors could cause delays in construction and result in increased costs.
Changes to Environmental Laws and Regulations to Which We are Subject Could Cause Delays in Construction and Result in Increased Costs
Our operations are subject to Mexican federal, state and municipal environmental laws and regulations. Changes to environmental laws and regulations, or stricter interpretation or enforcement of existing laws or regulations, could cause delays in construction and result in increased costs.
Our Uninsured Housing Developments under Construction Could Suffer Unforeseen Casualties, Which Could Result in Significant Losses to Us
We do not generally obtain liability insurance to cover housing developments under construction unless it is required by providers of construction financing. In the event that our uninsured housing developments suffer unforeseen casualties, we may experience significant losses.
A Reduction in Distributions from Our Operating Subsidiaries Could Limit Our Ability to pay Dividends and Service Our Debt Obligations
We are a holding company with no substantial operations and no significant assets other than the common shares of our majority-owned subsidiaries. We depend on receiving sufficient funds from our subsidiaries for virtually all our internal cash flow, including cash flow to pay dividends and service our debt obligations. As a result, our cash flow will be affected if we do not receive dividends and other income from our subsidiaries. The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other transfers to us is limited by requirements that need to be satisfied under Mexican law. This ability may also be limited by credit agreements entered into by our subsidiaries.
We Cannot Predict the Impact that Changing Climate Conditions, Including Legal, Regulatory and Social Responses Thereto, May Have on Our Business
Various scientists, environmentalists, international organizations, regulators and other commentators believe that global climate change has added, and will continue to add, to the unpredictability, frequency and severity of natural disasters (including, but not limited to, hurricanes, tornadoes, freezes, other storms and fires) in certain parts of the world. In response to this belief, a number of legal and regulatory measures as well as social initiatives have been introduced in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas and other carbon emissions which some believe may be chief contributors to global climate change. We cannot predict the impact that changing climate conditions, if any, will have on our results of operations or our financial condition. Moreover, we cannot predict how legal, regulatory and social responses to concerns about global climate change will impact our business.
Risk Factors Related to Mexico
Adverse Economic Conditions in Mexico May Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues
We are a Mexican company with substantially all of our assets located in Mexico and substantially all of our revenues derived from operations in Mexico. As such, our business may be significantly affected by the general conditions of the Mexican economy.
Mexico experienced a period of slow growth from 2001 through 2003 primarily as a result of the downturn in the U.S. economy. In 2006, GDP grew by 4.5% and inflation increased to 4.1%; in 2007, GDP grew by 5.6% and inflation decreased to 3.7%; in 2008, GDP grew by 1.3% and inflation increased to 6.5%. In 2009, GDP contracted by 6.5% and inflation increased to 5.3% as a result of the global recession and economic slowdown as Mexico witnessed a contraction in the international flow of goods and services, especially to and from Mexico’s main trading partner, the United States. In 2010, Mexico’s GDP grew by 5.4 percent compared to a plunge of 6.5 percent during 2009 due to the global recession while inflation decreased to 4.32% compared to 5.3% during 2009.
Historically, Mexico has experienced high real and nominal interest rates. The interest rates on 28-day Mexican government treasury securities (Certificados de la Tesoreria de la Federación) averaged approximately 7.44% and 7.97% for 2007 and 2008, respectively. As a result of the recession and economic slowdown in Mexico during 2009, Mexico’s central bank lowered its
benchmark interest rate (“TIIE”) to 4.50% in an effort to encourage lending and stimulate the economy. As a result, the interest rates on 28-day Mexican government treasury securities decreased to 4.40% during 2010. In the short-term, it is not expected that Mexico’s central bank will increase its benchmark interest rate prior to early 2012. Accordingly, if we incur peso-denominated debt in the future, it could be at high interest rates.
As a consequence of the global recession and economic slowdown during 2008, the Mexican economy entered into a recession. In Mexico, GDP contracted 6.5% in 2009. However during 2010, the Mexican economy recovered grew 5.4%. During the first quarter of 2011 the Mexican economy grew by 4.6% compared to the same period in 2010, led by industrial production. Consumer confidence has improved to 89.7 as of April 30, 2011, as compared to an average of 86.3 during 2010. In addition, the unemployment rate has improved to 4.61% as of March 2011, its lowest level since December 2008 when it was 4.32% in the first quarter. As of April 30, 2011, twelve-month accumulated inflation had decreased to 3.36% as compared to 4.27% during the same period in 2010. However, there can be no assurance that the positive trends witnessed in recent months will continue. The Mexican economy’s inability to continue its nascent recovery from the recession could affect our operations to the extent that we are unable to reduce our costs and expenses in response to falling demand. These factors could result in a decrease in our sales and revenues.
Fluctuations of the Peso Relative to the U.S. Dollar Could Result in an Increase in Our Cost of Financing and Limit Our Ability to Make Timely Payments on Foreign Currency-Denominated Debt
Because substantially all of our revenues are and will continue to be denominated in pesos, if the value of the peso decreases against the U.S. dollar, our cost of financing will increase. Severe depreciation of the peso may also result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets. This may limit our ability to transfer or convert pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our securities and any U.S. dollar-denominated debt that we may incur in the future. While the Mexican government has not restricted the right or ability of Mexican or foreign individuals to convert pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico since 1982, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange rate policies in the future.
Political Events in Mexico May Result in Disruptions to Our Business Operations and Decreases in Our Sales and Revenues
The Mexican government exercises significant influence over many aspects of the Mexican economy. In addition, we depend on Mexican government housing policy, especially with regard to the operation of the Mexican Housing Funds, for a large portion of our business. As a result, the actions of the Mexican government concerning the economy and regulating certain industries could have a significant effect on Mexican private sector entities, including Homex, and on market conditions, prices of and returns on Mexican securities.
President Calderón may implement significant changes in laws, public policy and/or regulations that could affect Mexico’s political and economic situation, which could adversely affect our business. Social and political instability in Mexico or other adverse social or political developments in or affecting Mexico could affect us and our ability to obtain financing. It is also possible that political uncertainty may adversely affect Mexican financial markets.
We cannot provide any assurance that future political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an unfavorable impact on our financial position or results of operations.
Developments in Other Countries May Result in Decreases in the Price of Our Securities
The market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions in these countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Mexico, investors’ reactions to developments in any of these other countries may have an adverse effect on the market value of securities of Mexican issuers. In recent years, for example, prices of both Mexican debt securities and Mexican equity securities dropped substantially as a result of the levels of public debt, weakness of the economies, and other developments in the United States, Russia, Asia, Brazil, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, among others.
In addition, the direct correlation between economic conditions in Mexico and the United States has sharpened in recent years as a result of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and increased economic activity between the two countries. As a result of the slowing economy in the United States and the uncertainty it could have on the general economic conditions in Mexico and the United States, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, due to recent developments in the international credit markets, capital availability and cost could be significantly affected and could restrict our ability to obtain financing or refinance our existing indebtedness on favorable terms, if at all.
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We are Subject to Different Corporate Disclosure than U.S. Companies
A principal objective of the securities laws of the United States, Mexico and other countries is to promote full and fair disclosure of all material corporate information. However, there may be less or different publicly available information about foreign issuers of securities than is regularly published by or about U.S. issuers of listed securities.
Mexico has experienced a period of increasing criminal activity and such activities could affect our operations.
Recently, Mexico has experienced a period of increasing criminal activity, primarily due to organized crime. The state of Sinaloa, where our corporate offices are located and we conduct a portion of our business, likewise has been affected by an increase in organized crime and violence. These activities, their possible escalation and the violence associated with them may have a negative impact on the business environment in which we operate, and therefore on our financial condition and results of operations.
Risk Factors Related to Our Common Shares and ADSs
Future Issuances of Shares May Result in a Decrease in the Prices of Our ADSs and Common Shares
In the future, we may issue additional equity securities for financing and other general corporate purposes, although there is no present intention to do so. Any such sales or the prospect of any such sales could result in a decrease in the prices of our ADSs and common shares.
Future Sales of Our Shares by Our Principal Shareholders May Result in a Decrease in the Prices of Our Securities
Our principal shareholder, the de Nicolás family, holds 35.1% of our outstanding share capital. Actions by these shareholders with respect to the disposition of the shares they beneficially own, or the perception that such actions might occur, may decrease the trading price of our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the price of the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange. Our principal shareholders are not subject to any contractual restrictions that limit their right to dispose of their common shares.
Pre-emptive Rights May be Unavailable to Holders of Our ADSs, Which May Result in a Dilution of ADS Holders’ Equity Interest in Our Company
Under Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as part of a capital increase, we must grant pre-emptive rights to our shareholders, giving them the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their pro rata interest unless we issue shares in a public offering. However, we may not be legally permitted to offer ADS holders in the United States the right to exercise pre-emptive rights in any future issuances of shares unless we file a registration statement with the SEC with respect to that future issuance of shares, or the issuance qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, or the “Securities Act”. At the time of any future capital increase, other than through a public offering, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC, the benefits of enabling U.S. holders of ADSs to exercise pre-emptive rights, and any other factors that we consider important in determining whether to file a registration statement to permit the exercise of mandatory pre-emptive rights. It is possible that we will not file such a registration statement. As a result, the equity interests of ADS holders would be diluted to the extent that ADS holders cannot participate in a future capital increase.
Under the terms of the ADSs, you may instruct the depositary, JPMorgan Chase Bank, to vote the ordinary shares underlying the ADSs, but only if we request the depositary to ask for your instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw the common shares underlying the ADSs and vote such common shares. However, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders’ meeting to permit you to withdraw your common shares to allow you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send out or receive your voting instructions on time or carry them out in the manner you have instructed. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote.
In addition, Mexican law and our bylaws require shareholders to provide evidence of their status as shareholders through INDEVAL’s depositors’ list in order to attend shareholders’ meetings. ADS holders will not be able to meet this requirement and are therefore not entitled to attend shareholders’ meetings. ADS holders will also not be permitted to vote the common shares underlying the ADSs directly at a shareholders’ meeting or to appoint a proxy to do so without withdrawing the common shares.
Minority Shareholders Have Different Rights Against Us, Our Directors, or Our Controlling Shareholders in Mexico
Under Mexican law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States. The grounds for shareholder derivative actions under Mexican law are extremely limited, which effectively bars most of these kinds of lawsuits in Mexico. Procedures for class-action lawsuits do not exist under Mexican law. Therefore, it may be more difficult for minority shareholders to enforce their rights against us, our directors or our controlling shareholders than it would be for minority shareholders of a U.S. company.
It May be Difficult to Enforce Civil Liabilities Against Us or Our Directors, Executive Officers and Controlling Persons
We are organized under the laws of Mexico. A majority of our directors, executive officers and controlling persons reside outside the U.S.; all or a significant portion of the assets of our directors, executive officers and controlling persons, and substantially all of our assets, are located outside the U.S.; and certain of the experts named in this annual report also reside outside the U.S. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the U.S. upon these persons or to enforce against them or us in U.S. courts judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the U.S. We have been advised by our Mexican counsel, Cortés y Núñez Sarrapy, S.C., that there is doubt as to the enforceability, in original actions in Mexican courts, of liabilities predicated solely on U.S. federal securities laws and as to the enforceability in Mexican courts of judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws.
ITEM 4. Information on the Company.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. is a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable) registered in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico under the Mexican Companies Law ( Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles ) on March 30, 1998 with an indefinite corporate existence. Our full legal name is Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. Our principal executive offices are located at Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza Maytorena 2204 Norte, Fraccionamiento Bonanza, 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Our telephone number is +52 (667) 758-5800. Our legal domicile is Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza Maytorena 2204 Norte, Fraccionamiento Bonanza, 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Our Company traces its origins to 1989 and established its current legal structure in 1998. Beginning in 1999, various strategic investors and, in 2002, Equity International Properties, Ltd., or EIP, an entity affiliated with Equity Group Investments, L.L.C., made equity investments in our Company. These strategic investors assisted us to develop and refine our operating and financial strategies. On June 29, 2004 we obtained financing through a public equity offering and dual listing on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores and the New York Stock Exchange. Since our initial public offering, our annual revenues have grown 232%, and we have expanded our operations into four states and five cities in México, as well as two countries internationally.
Capital Expenditures
Our operations do not require substantial capital expenditures, as we lease, on a short-term basis, most of the construction equipment we use and subcontract a substantial portion of the services necessary to build the infrastructure of our developments. In 2010 we spent Ps.279.64 million on capital expenditures, primarily to purchase construction equipment, support growth and partially fund our corporate headquarters. Our purchases of land are treated as additions to inventory and not as capital expenditures.
Our Company
We are a vertically-integrated home development company engaged in the development, construction and sale of affordable entry-level, middle-income and tourism housing in Mexico and affordable entry-level housing in Brazil. During 2010 units closed were 44,347 homes, a decrease of 3.6% compared to 2009. During 2009 units closed were 46,016 homes, an increase of 9.6% over 2008. 89.2% of our homes sold in 2010 and 92.4% in 2009 were in the affordable entry-level segment.
As of December 31, 2010, we had 140 developments under construction in 34 cities located in 21 Mexican states, and 3 developments under construction in 3 cities located in 2 Brazilian states. We had total land reserves under title of approximately 82.3 million square meters as of December 31, 2010, which include primarily land reserves in Mexico and approximately 2.7 million square meters of land reserves for our operations in Brazil. Our land reserves include both titled land and land in the process of being titled.
We estimate we could build approximately 366,680 affordable entry-level homes, approximately 29,680 middle-income homes and approximately 2,230 homes targeting the tourism market on our land reserves.
We believe our geographic diversity is one of the strongest among home builders in Mexico, reflected by our operations in 34 cities located in 21 Mexican states as of December 31, 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2010, 18% of our revenues were derived from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area and 10% from the state of Jalisco.
From time to time, we evaluate investments in real estate projects and companies outside Mexico with a view toward replicating our business model in other jurisdictions. To this end, we may also enter into real estate development joint ventures and strategic alliances with the assistance of knowledgeable local partners. Such investments, if any, are not expected to be material in terms of cost or management time.
For our Mexican operations, we acquire land and plan the development of the homes we build through Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V., or “PICSA”, Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V., Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V. Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. or “DECANO” builds the developments that PICSA and Beta plan and promote. We also receive executive and administrative services from Administradora PICSA, S.A. de C.V. and Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V. Homex Atizapan, S.A. de C.V., which we operate and control as a joint venture with strategic partners in the region, owns one of our middle-income developments in the Mexico City area and Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. owns middle-income developments in Hermosillo, Sonora. Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V. provides transportation services to us as well as building rental services for our corporate offices. Through AAA Homex Trust, a Mexican trust, we establish factoring facilities for the settlement of trade payables to many of our suppliers. For our Brazilian operations, we acquire land and plan the development of the homes we build trough Homex Brasil Incorporacoes a Construcoes Limitada’s subsidiaries. See “—The Mexican Housing Market — Materials and Suppliers.”
Our Products
Mexico’s developer-built housing industry is divided into three tiers according to cost: affordable entry-level, middle-income, and residential. We consider affordable entry-level homes to range in price between Ps.195,000 and Ps.540,000 (US$15,749 and US$43,613); middle-income homes to range in price between Ps.541,000 and Ps.1,885,000 (US$43,694 and US$152,241); and residential homes to have a price above Ps.1,885,000 (US$152,241). We currently focus on providing affordable entry-level and middle-income housing for our customers. In 2008, we launched a new market focused on houses in tourist and resort areas. This housing ranges between US$300,000 and US$950,000.
Our affordable entry-level developments range in size from 500 to 20,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 300 homes each. During 2010, our affordable entry-level homes had an average sale price of approximately Ps.338,000 (US$27,298). A typical affordable entry-level home consists of a kitchen, living, dining area, one to three bedrooms, and one bathroom. We are able to deliver a completed affordable entry-level home in approximately 7 to 10 weeks from the time a homebuyer obtains mortgage approval. Currently, our largest affordable entry-level housing developments are located in the states of Jalisco, México, Nuevo León, Baja California Sur, Veracruz, Baja California and Puebla.
Our middle-income developments range in size from 400 to 2,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 200 homes each. During 2010, our middle-income homes had an average sale price of approximately Ps.1,086,000 (US$87,710) as compared to Ps.978,000 (US$78,988) for the same period in 2009. A typical middle-income home consists of a kitchen, dining room, living room, two or three bedrooms, and two bathrooms. We are able to deliver a completed middle-income home in approximately 12 to 16 weeks from the time a homebuyer obtains mortgage approval. In response to continued demand for middle-income housing in Mexico and financing available through INFONAVIT’s and FOVISSSTE’s cofinancing products, we launched one new middle-income developments in one city in 2010. In 2010, 26.3% of our revenues were attributable to sales of middle-income housing compared to 19.5% in 2009.
In early 2008, we commenced the development of the first stage of the new tourism/resort division called “Las Villas de Mexico.” As part of Homex’s entry into the development of housing targeting the tourist market, our developments were initially located in the three major tourism centers in Mexico, namely Los Cabos, Puerto Vallarta and Cancún. On July 20, 2010 Homex’s Tourism Division acquired 100 percent of the common stock of CT Commercial Properties, S. de R.L. de C.V. and CT Prop, S. de R.L. de C.V., and on December 31, 2010 acquired 100 percent of the common stock of CT Loreto, S. de R.L. de C.V., three companies that held real estate assets in the town of Loreto, State of Baja California Sur, México. The assets acquired by Homex include The Inn at Loreto Bay Hotel, The Loreto Bay Golf Course and approximately 32.6 hectares of land suitable for the construction of approximately 1,100 apartment and townhouse units, Developments in each of the four markets will have three
different housing styles: residential villas of up to 2,150 square feet in typical lots of 3,230 square feet, townhouses of up to 1,725 square feet in typical lots of 2,690 square feet and apartments or condominiums of up to 1,500 square feet in buildings with five to 10 floors on average. Each style has been developed to maximize space but provide privacy and avoid the perception of high density. The developments in each area will feature architectural and landscaping elements unique to the geographical region. Owners will have the opportunity to choose from among the different layouts and a wide variety of architectural and landscaping designs, as well as to tailor a property to their individual tastes. Each development will feature either a private beach or country club (with priority golf club access), as well as a day spa, state-of-the-art fitness facilities, full-time concierge services, and space for exclusive commercial and service areas.
In targeting the new tourism resort division to foreign investors who will not live at their residences full-time, we have included a number of important amenities. All of the developments will feature double gates, year-round, 24-hour security, and a choice of two branded property services: Casa Care and Opendoor. Casa Care will handle the maintenance and bill payments for the property while residents are away. The services include payment of monthly expenses, property management, and individually customized packages tailored to residents’ specific needs. Opendoor will allow residents to share or rent their home within the Las Villas private property partnership. Owners will be able to travel throughout Mexico to stay at the different Las Villas developments, use the amenities, and pay the same amount they would for their own residence.
Land Reserves
We have developed specific procedures to identify land that is suitable for our needs and perform ongoing market research to determine regional demand for housing. Suitable land must be located near areas with sufficient demand, generally in areas where at least 500 homes can be built, and must be topographically amenable to housing development. We also consider the feasibility of obtaining required governmental licenses, permits, authorizations, and adding necessary improvements and infrastructure, including sewage, roads and electricity in keeping with a purchase price that will maximize margins within the limits of available mortgage financing. We conduct engineering and environmental assessments, and in some cases urbanization and land composition studies, of land we consider for purchase in order to determine whether it is suitable for construction. We budget the majority of our land purchases for the second half of the year to coincide with peak cash flow. Historically, our total land reserves fluctuated between 36 to 42 months of future home deliveries depending upon the time of year. During 2010, the Company followed a strategy to replace some of our existing land reserves where we held less than 2 to 3 years of future home deliveries with longer-term land reserves. As a result of this replacement strategy, the amount that we spent on land acquisitions decreased to Ps.582 million during 2010 as compared to Ps.1,119 million during 2009. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had land inventory for 5.4 years of future home deliveries.
We had total land reserves under title of approximately 82.3 million square meters, as of December 31, 2010, including primarily land reserves in Mexico and approximately 2.7 million square meters of land reserves for our operations in Brazil. Our land reserves include both titled land and land in the process of being titled. We estimate we could build approximately 366,680 affordable entry-level homes, approximately 29,680 middle-income homes and approximately 2,230 homes targeting the tourism market on our land reserves. For 2011, we anticipate minimizing investments by continuing to follow a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions.
International Expansion: Brazil, Sao Jose dos Campos, Marilia and Campo Grande Affordable Entry- Level Projects
During the first quarter of 2009, the Company initiated operations in Brazil with the construction of a 1,300-unit affordable entry-level development in Sao Jose dos Campos, northeast of Sao Paulo. As of December 31, 2010 we had three projects under construction equivalent to approximately 6,000 homes in the cities of Sao Jose dos Campos, Marilia and Campo Grande. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company recognized revenues from its Brazilian operations of Ps. 173,272 and Ps. 7,741, respectively, which represented 0.88% and 0.04% of the consolidated revenues, respectively.
International Expansion: Indian Joint Venture
On December 15, 2010 the Company, through its subsidiary Homex India Private Limited, entered into an investment agreement with Kotak Real State Fund — I, by means of which, subject to conditions precedent related to obtaining all required permits, licenses and necessary authorization for the construction of a real estate development in the city of Chennai, India, the Company will acquire all equity shares of KS Realty Constructions Private Limited (KS Realty), the company that owns the land on which the project will be developed. As of June 29, 2011, the Company is still waiting on the conditions precedent to be achieved in order to acquire all equity shares of KS Realty.
Tourism Division
Homex has pursued a conservative strategy for its tourism division by launching the first phase of its development in Los Cabos. To improve the Company’s profitability and product offering in its tourism division, Homex reduced the size of the initial phases, increased the density of the projects and retained a leading U.S.-based firm that specializes in high-end properties in Mexico to undertake all sales efforts. Overall, we retain a positive outlook for this division in 2011, as Mexico becomes a top destination for Americans living outside the U.S.
Our Relationship with Equity International Properties, Ltd.
Beginning in 2002, EIP became a major investor in Homex. However, EIP has been reducing its ownership position in the Company. On February 1, 2008, EIP sold 5.1% (17.1 million common shares) of Homex common stock to the de Nicolás family, who are Homex’s founders. On April 25, 2008, pursuant to the liquidation plans for EIP’s investment fund, EIP decided to sell the remainder of its stake in Homex, and sold approximately 11.0 million common shares in private transactions. As of June 29, 2011 EIP had no ownership interest of the Company’s common shares.
Homex’s Information Sharing Project with INFONAVIT
Homex has implemented an electronic file capture system with INFONAVIT which enables the Company to upload customer information to INFONAVIT’s webpage directly from Homex’s sales offices. Through this system, the Company is able to directly upload customers’ mortgage files to create a more expedited mortgage authorization process for its clients. The Company will also realize significant process efficiencies including a faster collection process from INFONAVIT.
Fovissste’s Factoring Program with “NAFINSA”
During the third quarter of 2009, FOVISSSTE implemented a factoring program with Mexico’s National Development Bank Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. or “NAFINSA”, which provided FOVISSSTE with a funding source to complement its housing programs. Pursuant to this program, Homex is able to collect payments directly from NAFIN at an average 4% discount rather than following the regular payment process from FOVISSSTE. Homex is among the first home developers in Mexico to benefit from participation in this program. The Company will continue to work closely with FOVISSSTE in connection with this program, which will help Homex to realize important efficiencies in the collection process with this entity.
Business Strengths
Standardized Business Processes
We have developed and refined scalable and standardized business processes that allow us to enter new markets rapidly and efficiently. We have designed proprietary information technology systems that are intended to integrate and monitor our operations, including land acquisition, construction, payroll, purchasing, sales, quality control, financing, delivery, and maintenance. Our systems connect every one of our branch locations and help us monitor and control the home building process, administer our customer relations, and oversee the financing process for our customers. This standardized model drives our growth, geographic diversification, and profitability, and is an integral component of our culture. During 2009, our proprietary information technology systems were successfully implemented at our pilot project at Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil. The replication of our business model is strongly supported by our integrated and proprietary IT system, which strategically supports sales and construction and monitors both in real-time, helping us to attain more efficient and timely working capital management. Our proprietary IT platform is used and adapted to each of our divisions and projects.
Efficient Working Capital Management
Our standardized processes allow us to time the construction and delivery of our homes and payment to our suppliers efficiently, which has allowed us to reduce our borrowing needs and minimize working capital requirements. We do not commence construction on a development stage until prospective buyers representing at least 10% of the planned number of homes in that stage have qualified to receive mortgage financing and until December 31, 2009 we did not recognize revenue on a given home until all the criteria under the percentage-of-completion method had been met. We seek to maintain a construction period of less than 10 weeks for affordable entry-level housing and less than 16 weeks for middle-income housing by using our systems to maximize the efficiency of our standardized methods. This process allows us to maximize our working capital by minimizing overhead costs and coordinating payables with receivables, which reduce our borrowing needs, minimizing our costs.
Geographic Diversification
We believe that we are one of the most geographically diversified housing development companies in Mexico. As of December 31, 2010, our operations included 140 developments in 34 cities located in 21 Mexican states, which represent 78% of Mexico’s population, according to the Mexican Institute of Statistics, Geography and Computer Sciences, or “INEGI” (Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informática). Many of our developments are located in markets where none of our major competitors currently operate. In 2010, 18% of our revenues originated in Mexico City, the largest city in Mexico, and 10% in the state of Jalisco. The remaining revenues originated in 32 other cities. We believe that this geographic diversification reduces our risk profile as compared to our less-diversified competitors.
Experienced and Committed Management Team
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chairman, co-founded Homex’s predecessor in 1989, and Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our CEO, joined us in 1993. Our senior management team is comprised of executives with an average of 17 years of experience in their respective areas of responsibility. Senior management owns an aggregate of approximately 23.76% of our common shares. Consistent with our standardized business processes and geographic diversification, we delegate significant managerial responsibility to our seasoned team of branch managers. Upon completion of a development, we typically relocate our branch managers to another development in order to capitalize on their significant experience.
Focus on the Affordable Entry-Level Segment
Our affordable entry-level segment continues to succeed primarily due to the availability of mortgage financing provided by the main mortgage suppliers in Mexico. In 2010, INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE provided mortgage financing for 475,072 and 91,050 mortgages throughout Mexico, respectively. Additionally, we continue to experience high demand for affordable entry-level homes in Mexico due to the large deficit of housing stock, a growing young population, high rates of urban growth, new household formation, and a decreasing number of occupants per home. In Mexico, 84.5 percent of the population earns a monthly income of approximately Ps.5,000 and we believe that an entry-level home valued at Ps.338,000 is an affordable option for this population. Our focus and expertise in the affordable entry-level segment has enabled us to increase our market share. As of December 31, 2010, our market share in the affordable entry-level segment had remained relatively stable at 31.3% compared to 32.2% during the previous year. In addition, 67.6% of revenues during 2010 fell into the affordable-entry level category.
Business Strategies
Maintain a Conservative Financial Position
We operate our business with the goal of reducing our exposure to interest rate and financing risk. We begin construction only when an approved homebuyer has qualified for a mortgage and, if applicable, made a down payment, thereby reducing our working capital needs. We believe the resulting financial flexibility enhances our ability to respond quickly to market opportunities and lessens any negative effects that might result from a downturn in the economy.
Strategic Growth in Tourism Housing
On February 7, 2008 the Company announced plans to strengthen its position in the tourism market. The Company plans to achieve this goal by developing communities in key tourist destinations within Mexico targeted to potential customers in the United States and Canada. See “—Our Products.”
The first stage of development includes launching sales of two “Las Villas de Mexico” developments in the cities of Cancún and Los Cabos. These private communities, with superior product and service offerings, will reflect the architecture and culture of Mexico adapted to the customs and living traditions of our target markets. The developments will include residential villas, townhouses, and apartments.
Initially we decided to curtail development of our tourism division due to the impact of the economic slowdown in the United States and Canada during 2008 and 2009. During the later part of 2009, Mexico became more attractive to foreigners and demand in the tourism segment increased slightly as a result in part of the sharp decline in the value of the Peso compared to the U.S. Dollar, Canadian Dollar and Euro during the final quarter of 2008. During 2010, demand for the tourism segment showed improvements as a result of a sustained although slow recovery in the United States and Mexican economies. In 2010, Homex acquired real estate in Loreto, Baja California Sur, which we intend to develop as either apartments or townhouses. As of December 31, 2010 the Company
had recognized revenues from its tourism operations of Ps.64,931. As of December 31, 2009 the Company had signed applications for ten units at its Los Cabos project, however no revenues were recognized during that year.
Maintain Appropriate and Balanced Land Reserves
Our ability to identify, acquire and improve land is critical to our success. Because the success of our operations depends, among other things, on managing our land reserves efficiently, we continually review our portfolio and seek new development opportunities. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had land inventory for 5.4 years of future home deliveries by pursuing land investment opportunities. For 2011, we anticipate minimizing investments by following a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions. We target having an average land inventory equal to 2 to 3 years of future home deliveries.
We generally purchase large parcels of land in order to amortize our acquisition and infrastructure costs over a large number of homes, minimize competition, and take advantage of economies of scale. We had total land reserves under title of approximately 82.3 million square meters, as of December 31, 2010, which include primarily land reserves in Mexico and approximately 2.7 million square meters of land reserves for our operations in Brazil. We estimate we could build approximately 366,680 affordable entry-level homes, approximately 29,680 middle-income homes and approximately 2,230 homes targeting the tourism market on our land reserves.
Continue to Build and Contribute to Successful Communities
We seek to foster brand loyalty by enhancing the quality and value of our communities through building spaces for schools, day-care facilities, parks and churches, and by providing other social services to residents of the housing we develop. We are committed to fulfilling our customers’ needs by responding to and meeting their demands. In 2008, we responded to our clients’ needs by launching a customization program that allows our clients to choose from a full array of custom options, adding a personal touch to clients’ homes. At the same time, we seek to become the best employer to our employees through training and educational opportunities. We seek to hire and retain talented employees and invest in training our workforce at all levels by offering programs such as middle-school equivalency courses for our construction laborers. We are committed to becoming the best customer to our suppliers by offering various payment alternatives and opportunities for cooperative growth, and through our factoring structure and other initiatives, including electronic ordering and payment systems. We believe that these factors make us a preferred home builder, employer and customer and ultimately enhance our overall business.
During 2010, we continued with the expansion of our Homex Community concept initially launched in 2008. The Homex Community is an initiative designed to improve the urban planning of our communities to offer our customers integrated communities attractive to a younger population. We believe a younger demographic prefers to live closer to the city, in an environment where families can enjoy a living experience that promotes social interaction and shopping, and where services and entertainment are convenient. The Homex Community is a concept for constructing cities which apply modern urban development models, as well as innovative techniques for social development, primarily focused on improving the quality of life and enhancing home and project appraisal. Homex Communities include commercial areas, special and general services and recreational spaces that facilitate social interaction.
In addition, Homex Communities follow CONAVI and INFONAVIT initiatives designed to promote green homes and orderly urban planning through increased project density resulting from vertical construction. As of year-end 2010, vertical prototypes represented approximately 30 percent of total Homex homes under construction. We believe we are one of the first developers to actively implement vertical prototypes in many Mexican cities, which has helped us drive sales. As a result, and based on our ongoing efforts to engage our customers in dialogue concerning the future of their communities, we believe the aforementioned community initiatives and improved building practices are tailored to our customers’ specific needs.
Mold Construction System
The Company employs cutting-edge construction technology based on aluminum molds that it has uses in some, but not all, of its projects. This technology has improved the efficiency of the construction process. Among the advantages of the molds are:
· shorter construction time;
· better quality and reduced reprocessing;
· the ability to re-use the same mold for several prototypes of homes, with an estimated life of 2,000 usages per mold;
· versatility, because it permits construction ranging from simple floors to apartment buildings using the same system;
· labor savings;
· compatibility among international suppliers;
· eco-friendliness because, unlike traditional construction methods, mold construction does not utilize timber and therefore reduces our carbon footprint and the impact of our operations on deforestation; and
· durability, due to the use of concrete.
During the year ended December 31, 2010 we used this technology in the construction of 36,160 homes. The Company intends to continue using this technology in the future.
Our Markets
We operate in geographically diverse markets throughout Mexico, from Tijuana in the north to Tuxtla in the south, including 140 developments in 21 states and 34 cities as of December 31, 2010, which states represent 78% of Mexico’s population, according to INEGI. For the year ended December 31, 2010, 18% of our revenues originated in Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 10% in the state of Jalisco. The remaining revenues originated in 31 other cities. As a diversified homebuilder, our national footprint covers: (i) capital cities, where we benefit from a stable demand from government employees; (ii) industrial cities, including Puebla, Monterrey, Guanajuato, Saltillo and Chihuahua, where we benefit from Mexico’s export-oriented economy; and (iii) tourism and service-oriented cities. During 2010, México’s service sector accounted for 60.8% of the country’s GDP, as the industry employs approximately 42.1% of the active population. Our geographic diversity within Mexico has enabled the Company to mitigate our risk exposure to any one region.
We seek to continue operations in markets where we have a strong presence and to expand into underserved markets where demand for housing is high. However, we do not anticipate expanding into any new markets in Mexico during 2011. Rather, we intend to take a conservative approach and focus on consolidating our presence in the markets where we have existing operations.
During 2009, the Company initiated operations in Brazil with the construction of a 1,300-unit affordable entry-level development in Sao Jose dos Campos, northeast of Sao Paulo and as of December 31, 2010 we had three projects under construction equivalent to approximately 6,000 homes in the cities of Sao Jose dos Campos, Marilia and Campo Grande.
Total Homes Closed
The following table sets forth information on our historical sales by country and state. During 2008, 91.5% and 8.5% of the homes we closed were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively, during 2009, 92.4% and 7.6% of the homes closed were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively, and during 2010, 89.2% and 10.8% of the homes closed were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively.
In 2010 and 2009, the Company recognized revenues outside Mexico in connection with 282 and 13 affordable entry-level homes, respectively, in Sao Jose dos Campos, northeast of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Presented below is a summary of homes closed:
|
| Years Ended December 31, |
| ||||||||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||||||
|
| Affordable |
| Middle- |
| Affordable |
| Middle- |
| Affordable |
| Middle- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Baja California |
| 2,797 |
| 419 |
| 3,648 |
| 206 |
| 1,081 |
| 235 |
|
Baja California Sur |
| 2,899 |
| 71 |
| 1,168 |
| 131 |
| 2,030 |
| 193 |
|
Chiapas |
| 974 |
| 104 |
| 1,427 |
| 232 |
| 2,305 |
| 249 |
|
Chihuahua |
| 650 |
| 36 |
| 98 |
| 58 |
| 365 |
| 105 |
|
Coahuila |
| 2,295 |
| — |
| 1,490 |
| 30 |
| 8 |
| — |
|
Durango |
| 746 |
| — |
| 1,318 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
Guanajuato |
| 235 |
| 287 |
| 1 |
| 134 |
| 535 |
| 97 |
|
Estado de Mexico |
| 7,926 |
| 722 |
| 13,919 |
| 898 |
| 10,237 |
| 978 |
|
Guerrero |
| 23 |
| 413 |
| 333 |
| 72 |
| 1,364 |
| 210 |
|
Hidalgo |
| 48 |
| 252 |
| — |
| 1 |
| — |
| 99 |
|
Jalisco |
| 5,680 |
| 323 |
| 4,608 |
| 526 |
| 5,797 |
| 440 |
|
Michoacán |
| 768 |
| 136 |
| 811 |
| 15 |
| 854 |
| 272 |
|
Morelos |
| 839 |
| 312 |
| 936 |
| 164 |
| — |
| — |
|
Nuevo Leon |
| 4,354 |
| 616 |
| 5,205 |
| 255 |
| 4,790 |
| 63 |
|
Oaxaca |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
Puebla |
| 1,427 |
| — |
| 1,945 |
| — |
| 1,104 |
| 7 |
|
Querétaro |
| 1,109 |
| — |
| 1,125 |
| — |
| 1,226 |
| — |
|
Quintana Roo |
| 1 |
| 584 |
| 81 |
| 265 |
| 339 |
| — |
|
Sinaloa |
| 913 |
| 135 |
| 1,114 |
| 62 |
| 1,621 |
| 130 |
|
Sonora |
| 1,057 |
| 116 |
| 97 |
| 227 |
| 718 |
| 64 |
|
Tamaulipas |
| 330 |
| 147 |
| 61 |
| 56 |
| 763 |
| 50 |
|
Veracruz |
| 4,226 |
| 95 |
| 3,135 |
| 151 |
| 3,288 |
| 383 |
|
Subtotal |
| 39,297 |
| 4,768 |
| 42,520 |
| 3,483 |
| 38,425 |
| 3,575 |
|
Brazil |
| 282 |
| — |
| 13 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
Total |
| 39,579 |
| 4,768 |
| 42,533 |
| 3,483 |
| 38,425 |
| 3,575 |
|
THE MEXICAN HOUSING MARKET
We have obtained the following information from public sources, including publications and materials from the Mexican Ministry of Social Development, or “SEDESOL” (Secretaría de Desarrollo Social), the Mexican Population Council, or CONAPO (Consejo Nacional de Población), INEGI, INFONAVIT, SHF, the Mexican Chamber of Industrial Housing Promoters and Development, or “CANADEVI” (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de la Vivienda), CONAVI (Comisión Nacional de Vivienda) and SOFTEC, S.C. Although we believe our sources and estimates are reliable, we have not independently verified the information or data from third parties and cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information from third parties or the information and data we have obtained ourselves.
General
The housing market in Mexico is influenced by several social, economic, industrial, and political factors, including demographics, housing supply, market segmentation, government policy, and available financing.
Demographics
National demographic trends drive demand for housing in Mexico. These trends include:
· sustained growth of a relatively young population;
· a high rate of new household formation;
· a high urban area growth rate; and
· a decrease in number of occupants per home.
According to INEGI, Mexico had a population of approximately 112.3 million in 2010 and estimates that this will grow to 113.6 million in 2011. CONAPO estimates that there will be approximately 28.7 million households in Mexico in 2011 and that there will be approximately 29.3 million households by year-end 2012, approximately 32.9 million by year-end 2018 and approximately 34 million by year-end 2020.
Mexico experienced a period of particularly high population growth during the 1970s and 1980s. The children born during this boom are contributing to the current increased demand for housing. The target consumer group for our homes is typically between 25 and 50 years old. In 2010, the 20-50 year-old age group represented approximately 49.7 million people or 44.3% of Mexico’s population. CONAPO estimates that by 2020, this age group will represent 44.3 million or 38.0% of Mexico’s population. The size stability of this group is expected to contribute to increased housing demand in Mexico.
Housing Supply
In 2010, CONAVI’s housing statistics indicated there was a shortage of 8.9 million homes in Mexico. This figure included the need for:
· 1.7 million new homes to accommodate multiple households currently living in a single home and households living in homes that must be replaced; and
· 7.2 million substandard homes in need of extensive repair and possible replacement.
CONAVI estimates that the growth of the Mexican population will generate a sustained demand for new homes of at least 550,000 units per year into the near future. To address the immediate shortage of 8.9 million homes as well as the anticipated new demand, the Mexican government committed to financing and/or building at least 1.1 million units in 2011.
Instituto de Vivienda del Distrito Federal (“INVI”)
INVI is a public, decentralized institution for the public administration in the Federal District (Distrito Federal), legally autonomous with its own working capital; its functions are the design, proposal, promotion, coordination, execution and evaluation of policies and housing programs focused mainly on families with limited economic resources, all of which is regulated within the General Development for the Federal District Program (Programa General de Desarrollo del Distrito Federal) derived from the Housing Law for the Federal District (Ley de Vivienda del Distrito Federal).
The mission of INVI is to satisfy the need for housing of families with limited economic resources located in the Federal District through the granting of mortgages for affordable entry-level homes, with the goal of creating 192,544 new housing units in the years 2007-2012. For the year ended December 31, 2010, INVI had granted 2,020 mortgages for new homes, and 8,694 credits for home improvements.
Market Segments
In general, Mexico’s developer-built (as opposed to self-built) housing market is divided into four segments according to cost: affordable entry-level, middle-income, residential and tourism. The developer-built housing market includes homes built by contractors and developers, which are generally financed by mortgage providers. These homes are built with official permits, have municipal services, and are located on land that is registered and titled by the homebuyer. Developers must obtain clear title to the land, proper zoning permits and any necessary financing commitments from lenders in addition to installing infrastructure.
Mexico’s developer-built housing market is categorized in the table below:
Housing Market Segments
Segment |
| Cost |
| Size |
| Characteristics |
Affordable entry-level |
| Between Ps.195,000 and Ps.540,000 (US$15,749-US$43,613) |
| 45 m2-76 m2 (484 sq. ft. -818 sq. ft.) |
| Kitchen; living, dining area; 1-3 bedrooms; 1 bath; parking; titled; all utilities available |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle-income |
| Between Ps.541,000 and Ps.1,885,000 (US$43,694-US$152,241) |
| 76 m2-172 m2 (818 sq. ft.-1,851 sq. ft.) |
| Kitchen, family room, living, dining room; 2-4 bedrooms; 2-4 baths; 1-4 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
| More than Ps.1,885,000 (US$152,241) |
| more than 172 m2 (1,851 sq. ft.) |
| Kitchen; family room; living room; dining room; 3-4 bedrooms; 3-5 baths; 3-6 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tourism |
| Between US$300,000 and US$950,000 |
| Between 1,500 sq. ft. and 2,150 sq. ft. |
| Kitchen; family room; living room; dining room; 3-4 bedrooms; 3-5 baths; 3-6 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available |
Government Policy and Available Financing
The size of the developer-built market depends to a great extent on the availability of mortgage financing. Over the last 20 years, Mexico has experienced fluctuations in the availability of mortgage financing, particularly from private sector sources. As a result, the supply of affordable entry-level and middle-income housing has also remained low during this period.
During the 1980s, Mexican government policy focused on encouraging investment by the private sector, reducing development costs, and stimulating construction. Mexican Housing Funds provided mortgage loan guarantees and direct payment and savings procedures. In 1994, Mexico experienced an economic crisis that led to the devaluation of the Mexican peso and a steep rise in interest rates. Smaller housing development companies went out of business, and the industry experienced a sharp fall in home sales between 1995 and 1996 due to diminished commercial bank lending.
Following the 1994 economic crisis, government policy sought to counterbalance the shortage of available financing and the increases in interest rates that resulted by focusing primarily on providing mortgages and construction financing via Mexican Housing Funds in the affordable entry-level segment. Government funds no longer provided development or sales activities and functioned instead as true savings-and-loan programs. Legislative reforms with regard to community-owned agricultural territories (ejidos), which made it possible to sell these formerly restricted properties, also increased the potential supply of land available for development. During this period, the government authorized the creation of sofoles, which underwrite mortgages with funds and guarantees provided by government agencies, private investment, national, foreign or development bank loans, or through the Mexican capital markets. Furthermore, the government encouraged industry growth and private sector lending by supporting consolidation in the housing development industry.
Between 1997 and 1998, home sales stabilized, growing slightly in 1997 due to improving economic conditions. During 1999 and 2000, mortgage financing increased due to stabilizing economic conditions. The level of available financing has continued to grow as a result of Mexican government policies. President Calderón’s administration’s goal is to finance six million mortgages during his administration. As of 2010, 5.7 million mortgages have been financed since Calderón took office in 2006, satisfying 95% of the administration’s goal. President Calderón’s administration has supported four objectives for the homebuilding industry, as originally set forth by President Fox:
· make more adequate land available, including infrastructure such as sewage and utilities;
· increase deregulation of the housing industry;
· encourage consolidation within the industry; and
· increase financing opportunities available to qualified homebuyers.
In conjunction with these efforts, the Mexican legislature amended existing tax regulations in order to allow individuals to deduct a portion of their mortgage loan interest payments from their personal income taxes beginning in 2003, which the administration expects will lead to increased mortgage financing activity.
The Mexican government implemented a new program to meet the housing needs of families in the very low end of the economic spectrum, a sector of the population whose monthly income would otherwise be insufficient for them to be able to afford the lower valued homes in the market. This program demonstrates the commitment of Mexican federal government to improving the quality of life for families in Mexico by providing affordable housing.
The actions taken by President Calderón’s administration to accelerate the housing and mortgage supply in Mexico has resulted in the emergence of an active housing industry supported by solid private and public institutions. The developer-built market has continued to expand due to higher levels of available mortgage financing, especially through Mexican Housing Funds such as INFONAVIT, SHF and FOVISSSTE. According to CONAVI, from 2000 to 2010 mortgage providers in Mexico granted 6,489,487 mortgages, a 12.9% compound annual growth rate from 331,880 in 2000 to 1,142,035 in 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2010, a total of 1,142,035 mortgages were granted by all public and private entities involved in the Mexican housing market, according to CONAVI.
President Calderón has indicated that he will continue to support and promote the housing industry on three main lines: urban development, very affordable housing and home improvement. His administration’s goal is for the Mexican Housing Funds to provide six million mortgages by 2012.
In early 2009, the Mexican federal government announced a stimulus bill, the “National Agreement in Favor of Personal Finance and Employment” (Acuerdo Nacional en Favor de la Economía Familiar y el Empleo), that contains assistance for the homebuilding industry. Under the bill, the government increased aid from Ps.5.2 billion to Ps.7.4 billion for a federal housing subsidy program designed to provide assistance to low-income families. In addition, the Mexican federal government, homebuilders and suppliers signed a separate agreement, the “National Housing Program” that confirms the housing industry’s importance to the Mexican economy during the 2008-2009 recession and economic slowdown.
Changes in the availability of mortgage financing from government agencies could adversely affect us. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risk Factors Related to Our Business—Decreases in the Amount of Mortgage Financing Provided by Mexican Housing Funds on Which We Depend, or Disbursement Delays, Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues.”
Sources of Mortgage Financing
Principal sources providing mortgage financing for Mexico’s housing market are:
· mortgage providers financed by mandatory employer or member contributions to public funds, including INFONAVIT & FOVISSSTE, serving private and public sector employees, respectively, and;
· SHF, which provides financing to credit-qualified homebuyers through financial intermediaries such as commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes through funds from the World Bank, the Mexican government, and its own portfolio;
· commercial banks and sofoles using their own funds; and
· direct subsidies from public housing agencies and state housing trusts, including the Mexican Fund for Popular Housing, or “FONHAPO” (Fideicomiso Fondo Nacional de Habitaciones Populares).
According to CONAVI, these mortgage providers originated 1,142,035 home mortgages in 2010 from which 845,229 mortgages were granted for new homes.
INFONAVIT
INFONAVIT was established by the Mexican government, labor unions and private sector employees in 1972 as a social service entity to administer the National Housing Fund for the benefit of private sector employees. INFONAVIT provides financing, primarily for affordable entry-level housing, to credit-qualified homebuyers. INFONAVIT makes loans for home construction, acquisition or improvement, to workers whose individual monthly earnings are generally less than five times the minimum monthly wage. It is funded through payroll contributions by private sector employers on behalf of their employees equal to 5.0% of their employees’ gross wages.
Homebuyers qualify for INFONAVIT loans according to a point system whereby points are awarded based on income, age, amount of monthly contributions, and number of dependents, among other factors. The total loan amount may equal 100% of the cost of a home, up to a maximum of between 300 and 350 times the Salario Mínimo General Mensual del Distrito Federal, the minimum monthly general wage in Mexico City, depending on geographical region. As of December 31, 2010, the daily minimum wage in the Federal District was Ps.57.46 (US$4.64). Repayment is calculated based on the borrower’s wages, for a term of up to 30 years, and is made by direct wage deductions by employers. INFONAVIT generally grants loans at variable annual interest rates, which are indexed to inflation and based on a borrower’s income.
INFONAVIT has a program called Apoyo INFONAVIT that is directed at assisting higher-income borrowers obtain mortgage financing. Apoyo INFONAVIT customers can use the amounts contributed via payroll deductions to their INFONAVIT accounts as collateral for mortgage loans held by private sector lenders. In addition, these customers can apply their monthly INFONAVIT contributions toward the monthly mortgage payments owed to private sector lenders.
In 2007, INFONAVIT inaugurated a program called Cofinanciamiento, or “Cofinavit”, which is meant to assist high-income borrowers in a manner similar to the Apoyo INFONAVIT program. This new program enables Cofinavit customers to obtain a mortgage loan granted by INFONAVIT in conjunction with a commercial bank or a sofol. In addition, the customers can use their individual contributions in their INFONAVIT accounts as part of the financing or as collateral for the mortgage loan. Apoyo INFONAVIT and Cofinavit do not have a maximum limit on the value of the home to be financed.
INFONAVIT also introduced a new program called “INFONAVIT Total” targeted at workers who qualify for the traditional INFONAVIT program. Through INFONAVIT Total, the loan recipient agrees to a partial assignment of the INFONAVIT mortgage loan to a commercial bank. The terms of the INFONAVIT Total mortgage loan are substantially equal to the traditional INFONAVIT loan, and INFONAVIT continues to administer and service the loans under this program, yet INFONAVIT shares the funding burden and the economic risks and benefits of the portfolio with the commercial bank participating in the program.
In addition, during late 2004 and early 2005, INFONAVIT initiated a mortgage financing system, enabling it to expedite the issuance of mortgages in response to public demand by reducing documentation necessary for initial processing thereby helping it to achieve its year-end goals. In addition, this new system enhances transparency and quality of service in connection with mortgage services.
Early in 2009, INFONAVIT launched a guarantee program (Garantía INFONAVIT) designed to provide assistance to borrowers who have lost their job, borrowers who have had their wages decreased, and borrowers suffering economic difficulties due to age or sickness. The program provides mortgage relief to borrowers who have lost their jobs by: (1) allowing for a one-year grace period with no interest or principal payment; (2) providing partial unemployment insurance, where borrowers pay a minimum required payment of 10.64 times the daily minimum wage in Mexico City and receive a 50% discount on their accrued interest payments; and (3) providing a payment protection program, where borrowers pay a minimum fee of 2% of their monthly mortgage and are protected for up to 6 months every 5 years. The guarantee program also provides relief to borrowers who have had their wages reduced by allowing these borrowers to take advantage of mortgage payment reductions of up to 25% monthly, reductions corresponding to the borrowers’ new salary, and other adjustments depending on the borrowers’ individual circumstances.
Additionally, the guarantee program provides assistance to borrowers seeking to prepay their mortgages by offering a 30% discount for prepayment of mortgages entered into prior to July 31, 1995, a 10% discount for mortgages in good standing that are at least two years old.
INFONAVIT provided approximately 41.6% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2010.
INFONAVIT has made a commitment to provide 480,000 new mortgages in 2011. In addition, this agency has agreed to guarantee mortgage loans granted to employees by commercial banks and sofoles in the case of job loss. INFONAVIT expects to continue to modernize its operations and increase available financing by focusing on reducing payment defaults, participating more closely with the private sector, and implementing a voluntary savings program. INFONAVIT has also recently begun securitizing its loan portfolio in order to contribute to the growth of the secondary mortgage market in Mexico and expand its available sources of funds.
The forecasted INFONAVIT lending goal for 2011-2015 period has been recently announced as follows:
Year |
| Mortgages |
|
2011 |
| 480,000 |
|
2012 |
| 490,000 |
|
2013 |
| 510,000 |
|
2014 |
| 530,000 |
|
2015 |
| 555,000 |
|
FOVISSSTE
The Mexican government established FOVISSSTE in 1972 as a pension fund on behalf of public sector employees to provide financing for affordable housing. FOVISSSTE obtains funds from Mexican government contributions equal to 5% of public sector employee wages. The Mexican government administers FOVISSSTE similarly to INFONAVIT and permits FOVISSSTE to co-finance mortgage loans with private sector lenders in order to maximize available funds.
FOVISSSTE mortgage financing is typically available for housing ranging from the affordable entry-level segment through the lower end of the middle-income segment. Eligible applicants can obtain FOVISSSTE mortgage loans to purchase new or used homes, remodel or repair existing homes, finance construction of self-built homes, and make down payments on homes not financed through FOVISSSTE. FOVISSSTE loans are granted based on seniority within the public sector and allocated on a first-come first-served basis that also takes into account wages, number of dependents, and geographic location. Once the program establishes a number of approved applicants, it allocates mortgage loans by state based on historical demand.
FOVISSSTE generally grants loans at variable interest rates, indexed to inflation, for a maximum amount of approximately Ps.803,544 (US$64,898). Repayment is calculated based on the borrower’s wages, for a term of up to 30 years, and is made by direct wage deductions.
FOVISSSTE has announced that it is seeking to increase the total number of mortgages it grants. During 2010, FOVISSSTE granted more than 91,050 mortgages. FOVISSSTE provided approximately 8.0% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2010.
FOVISSSTE’s forecasted lending goal for 2011 is to grant at least 90,000 mortgages.
SHF
SHF was created in 2002 as a public sector development bank. SHF obtains funds from the World Bank, the Mexican government, and SHF’s own portfolio and provides financing through intermediaries such as commercial banks and sofoles. In turn, financial intermediaries administer SHF-sponsored mortgage loans, including disbursement and servicing.
Traditionally, SHF has been an important source of construction financing for housing developers by providing loans to commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes (which in turn make direct bridge loans to developers). As of September 1, 2004, however, SHF provided funding for bridge loans only for homes with a purchase price of up to UDI 166,667 (approximately Ps.754,386 or
US$60,927 as of December 31, 2010). In lieu of funding bridge loans for homes with a higher purchase price of up to UDI 500,000 (approximately Ps.2,263,154 or US$182,782 as of December 31, 2010), SHF will provide guarantees to support efforts by commercial banks and sofoles to raise capital for the financing of bridge loans to build such homes.
In addition, SHF makes financing available to commercial banks and sofoles for the purpose of providing individual home mortgages for affordable entry-level and middle-income homes. Historically, SHF has only financed a total amount equal to 80% to 90% of a home’s value, generally for a maximum of approximately UDI 500,000 (approximately Ps. 2,263,154 or US$182,782 as of December 31, 2010). Beginning in 2005, however, in order to maximize the availability of affordable entry-level mortgages, SHF has replaced its financing of mortgages for homes with a purchase price greater than UDI 150,000 (approximately Ps.678,946 or US$54,835 as of December 31, 2010) with credit enhancements and loan guarantees for commercial banks and sofoles to support their capital-raising efforts for the financing of such individual mortgage loans. In terms of total homes financed, SHF provided approximately 3.5% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2010.
In connection with its mortgage financing operations, SHF also took an active role in issuing mortgage backed securities (Bonos Respaldados Por Hipotecas or “BORHIS”) as well as market making in these securities during 2010. In addition, SHF reviews issuances of BORHIS to ensure that they comply with market eligibility requirements and criteria, and provides information and analysis regarding historical information, risk of default, and market evolution concerning BORHIS issuances. By engaging in market-making activities and providing mortgage financing to underserved segments of the population, SHF also provided liquidity to the Mexican housing market. Additionally, SHF has committed to focus its strategy on the promotion of Self-Sustainable Housing Environments (Desarrollos Urbanos Integrales Sustentales) and in the re-population of urban areas.
Commercial Banks, Sofoles and Sofomes
Commercial banks generally target the middle-income and residential markets while sofoles generally target the affordable entry-level housing market and a portion of the middle-income housing market using SHF financing, and the balance of the middle-income housing market as well as the residential housing market using other sources of funding. Sofoles and sofomes provide mortgage loans to borrowers using funds from securities offerings on the Mexican stock market, loans from Mexican and foreign lenders, their own portfolios, and public agencies such as SHF. They are not allowed to accept deposits from the public.
Although commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes provide mortgage financing directly to homebuyers, the financing is commonly coordinated through the home builder. In order to obtain funding for construction, a home builder must submit proposals, including evidence of title to the land to be developed, architectural plans, necessary licenses and permits, and market studies demonstrating demand for the proposed housing. On approval, lenders provide construction financing and disburse funds at each stage of the housing development.
Commercial bank, sofol and sofom mortgage loans generally mature in 10 to 30 years, and payments are sometimes adjusted for increases in the monthly minimum wage and rates of inflation.
Commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes provided approximately 11.3% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2010.
Other Public Housing Agencies
Other public housing agencies such as FONHAPO, CONAVI and OREVIS (Organismos Estatales de Vivienda), operate at the federal and local levels and target mainly non-salaried workers earning less than 25 times the minimum annual wage, often through direct subsidies. These agencies lend directly to organizations such as state and municipal housing authorities, housing cooperatives, and credit unions representing low-income beneficiaries, as well as to individual borrowers. Financing is made available to both the self-built and developer-built markets. The total amount of available funds depends on the Mexican government budget.
Other public housing agencies provided approximately 35.6% of all mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2010.
Competition
The Mexican home development and construction industry is highly fragmented and includes a large number of regional participants and a few companies with a more national market presence, including publicly traded companies like Corporación GEO, S.A.B. de C.V., Consorcio ARA, S.A.B. de C.V, SARE, S.A.B. de C.V. and URBI Desarrollos Urbanos, S.A.B. de C.V.
All things considered, we estimate that approximately 1,417 different companies operate new home developments in Mexico. The following table sets forth the approximate operating information of the largest home builders in Mexico with which we compete based on public information and our estimates:
Competitor |
| 2010 Home Sales |
| 2010 Sales |
| Location in Mexico |
|
GEO |
| 56,093 |
| 19,154.4 |
| National |
|
URBI |
| 33,478 |
| 14,950.7 |
| North, Mexico City and Guadalajara areas |
|
ARA |
| 18,244 |
| 7,371.0 |
| National |
|
SARE |
| 2,684 |
| 2,341.4 |
| Mexico City region |
|
Source: Companies’ 2010 fourth quarter financial releases.
We believe that we are well-positioned to capture future growth opportunities in the affordable entry-level and middle-income housing segments because of our principal business strengths and strategies, as described above.
Seasonality
The Mexican affordable entry-level housing market experiences significant seasonality during the year, principally due to the operational and lending cycles of INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. The programs, budgets, and changes in the authorized policies of these mortgage lenders are approved during the first quarter of the year. Payment by these lenders for home deliveries is slow at the beginning of the year and increases gradually through the second and third quarters with a rapid acceleration in the fourth quarter. We build and deliver affordable entry-level homes based on the seasonality of this cycle because we do not begin construction of these homes until a mortgage provider commits mortgage financing to a qualified homebuyer in a particular development. Accordingly, we also tend to recognize significantly higher levels of revenue in the third and fourth quarters and our debt levels tend to be highest in the first and second quarters. We budget the majority of our purchases for the second half of the year to coincide with peak cash flows. We anticipate that our quarterly results of operations and our level of indebtedness will continue to experience variability from quarter to quarter in the future. Mortgage commitments from commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes for middle-income housing are generally not subject to significant seasonality. We do not expect significant changes in the overall seasonality of our results.
Marketing
We conduct advertising and promotional campaigns principally through print media, including billboards, fliers, and brochures designed specifically for the target market, as well as local radio and television. Moreover, we complement these campaigns with additional advertising efforts, including booths at shopping centers and other high traffic areas, to promote open houses and other events. In some locations, we work with the business to business (which allows us to present local employers and other groups with information on our communities to their employees or members) and our massive sales program (which consists in organizing massive events in which the benefits of acquiring a Homex home are explained in a communal recreation gathering, and prospects are contacted). We rely on positive word-of-mouth from satisfied customers for a large percentage of our sales.
Sales
In general, we make sales either at sales offices or model homes. Using data we gather through our marketing efforts, we open sales offices in areas where we identify demand. As of December 31, 2010, we operated 66 sales offices, one in each of the developments we have established. Similarly, once we have purchased land and planned a development in regions we have identified as underserved, we build and furnish model homes to display to prospective customers. We have sales offices in each of our branches where trained corporate sales representatives are available to provide customers with relevant information about our products, including financing, technical development characteristics, and information about our competitors and their products. We provide the same information through trained corporate sales representatives at model homes. We compensate our sales agents on an exclusively performance-based commission method, typically 2.3% of the total home price.
We provide our customers with assistance through our sales departments from the moment they contact us, during the process of obtaining financing, and through the steps of establishing title to their new home. We have specialized sales areas in each of our offices that advise customers on financing options, collecting necessary documentation, and applying for a loan. We also help
to design down payment plans tailored to each customer’s economic situation. Once houses are sold and delivered, our specialized teams are available to respond to technical questions or problems during the two-year warranty period following the delivery.
Customer Financing
We assist qualified homebuyers in obtaining mortgage financing by participating in all the stages of applying for and securing mortgage loans from housing funds, commercial banks Sofomes and Sofoles.
For sales of affordable entry-level homes, the process of obtaining customer financing generally occurs as follows:
· a potential homebuyer enters into an agreement by signing a purchase application and furnishes the necessary documentation to us;
· we review the documentation to determine whether all the requirements of the relevant mortgage provider have been met;
· we create an electronic credit file for each homebuyer and submit it to the relevant mortgage provider for approval;
· we supervise and administer each client file via our database through all the phases of its processing and arrange for signing the required documentation once approval has been obtained;
· the homebuyer makes any required down payment;
· once the home has been completed, the homebuyer signs the deed of transfer of title and the mortgage agreement; and
· we deliver the home to the homebuyer and register the title.
For sales of middle-income homes, the process of obtaining customer financing occurs as above, except that we collect a down payment of between 10% to 25% of a home’s total sale price immediately following the homebuyer’s execution of the purchase application, and the homebuyer signs the deed of transfer of title and the mortgage agreement when the home is at least 95% complete.
In all cases, the procedures and requirements for obtaining mortgage financing are determined by the mortgage provider.
We have not experienced and do not expect to experience losses resulting from rejections by homebuyers of their purchase applications because we generally have been able to locate other buyers immediately in these cases. However, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to continue to find replacement buyers in the future.
The purchase price of the homes we sell is denominated in pesos and is subject to an upward adjustment for the effects of inflation, except for the purchase price of homes in our tourism division which is denominated in US dollars. In cases where the price of a home is subject to adjustment and increases due to inflation, any difference is payable by the homebuyer.
Design
Most of the designs that we use in our construction are developed internally. Our architects and engineers are trained to design structures that maximize efficiency and minimize production costs. Our standardized modular designs, which focus on quality and size of construction, allow us to build our homes quickly and efficiently. By allowing our customers to upgrade finishing details on a custom basis after homes are delivered, we experience savings that allow us to build larger homes than our competitors.
We use advanced computer-assisted design systems and combine market research data in order to plan potential developments. We believe that our comprehensive design and planning systems, which are intended to reduce costs, maintain competitive prices, and increase sales, constitute a significant competitive advantage in the affordable entry-level housing market. In order to further enhance the residential nature of our communities, we often design our developments as gated communities, install infrastructure for security surveillance, and arrange street layouts to foster road safety. We continue to invest in the development of design and planning construction systems to further reduce costs and continue to meet clients’ needs.
Construction
We manage the construction of each development directly, coordinate the activities of our laborers and suppliers, oversee quality and cost controls, and ensure compliance with zoning and building codes. We have developed efficient, durable, and low-cost construction techniques, based on standardized tasks, which we are able to replicate at all of our developments. We pay each laborer according to the number of tasks completed. We generally subcontract preliminary site work and infrastructure development such as roads, sewage and utilities. Currently, we also subcontract the construction of a limited number of multi-unit middle-income apartment buildings in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.
Our designs are based on modular forms with defined parameters at each stage of construction, which are closely controlled by our central information technology systems. Our methods result in low construction costs and high quality products. We use substantially similar materials to build our middle-income homes, with higher quality components for certain finishing details and fixtures.
During 2007, the Company acquired cutting-edge construction technology based on aluminum molds; this new technology has improved the efficiency of the construction process. Among the advantages are the shorter construction time; better quality and reduced reprocessing; re-use of the same mold for several prototypes of homes, with an estimated life of 2,000 usages per mold; versatility, because the molds permit construction ranging from simple floors to apartment buildings using the same system; labor savings; compatibility among international suppliers; eco-friendliness because, unlike traditional construction methods, mold construction does not utilize timber; and durability, due to the use of concrete. As of December 31, 2010 we used this technology in the construction of 36,160 homes.
Materials and Suppliers
We maintain strict control over our building materials through a sophisticated electronic barcode identification system that tracks deliveries and monitors all uses of supplies. In general, we reduce costs by negotiating supply arrangements at the corporate level for the basic materials used in the construction of our homes, including concrete, concrete block, steel, windows, doors, roof tiles, and plumbing fixtures. We take advantage of economies of scale in entering into agreements for materials and services in every situation and seek to establish excellent working relationships with our suppliers. In order to better manage our working capital, we also arrange lines of credit for many of our suppliers through a factoring program sponsored by Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., or NAFINSA, a Mexican government-owned development bank, as well as certain additional financial institutions. We guarantee a portion of the financing provided to some of our suppliers for materials we buy from them during construction and repay these lenders directly with funds received when homes are delivered, which allows us to ensure suppliers are paid on time while minimizing our need to secure construction financing.
Our main suppliers include Cemex, S.A. de C.V., Lámina y Placa Comercial, S.A. de C.V., Aceros Turia, S.A. de C.V., Aceros de Toluca, S.A. de C.V., Electroferretera Orvi, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora Jama, S.A. de C.V., KS Tubería, S.A. de C.V., Prefabricados y Sistemas, S.A. de C.V., Industrial Bloquera Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Sanitarios Azulejos y Recubrimientos, S.A. de C.V., Mexicana de Laminación, S.A. de C.V., Coacero, S.A. de C.V., Aceros el Arbol, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Forestal el Nayar, S.A. de C.V., Materiales para Construcción los Grandes, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora de Acero Comercial, S.A. de C.V., Armasel, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora Tamex, S.A. de C.V., Masonite de México, S.A. de C.V., Termoplásticos del Centro, S.A. de C.V. and Logística Distribución y Servicios, S.A. de C.V.
Substantially all of the materials that we use are manufactured in Mexico and are delivered to our sites from the supplier’s local facilities on a time-efficient basis designed to keep low levels of inventory on hand. Our principal materials and supplies are readily available from multiple sources and we have not experienced any shortages or supply interruptions.
Labor
As of December 31, 2010 we had a total of approximately 23,085 employees, of whom 20,757 were employed in Mexico, 51 were employed in India and 2,277 in Brazil. Our total employees at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were 12,295 and 17,280, respectively. Approximately 51% of our employees as of December 31, 2010 were administrative and managerial personnel.
We hire local labor forces for specific housing developments in each region that we operate in, as well as experienced in-house personnel for supervisory and highly skilled work. We have an efficient information technology system that controls payroll costs. Our systems, using bar-coded identification cards, track the number of tasks completed by each employee according to the
parameters of our modular construction designs, assign salaries according to tasks and homes completed, and award incentives for each stage of the development based on team performance. We also streamline governmental and social security costs for our workforce using a strict attendance control system that captures information fed via our system through workers’ identification cards.
We have implemented programs throughout Homex to assist our employees in obtaining elementary and middle-school equivalency degrees. We believe that these programs enhance our ability to attract and retain high quality employees. In 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008 we were named as one of the top 100 “Great Places to Work” in Mexico by the Great Place to Work Institute, which is based in the United States.
As of December 31, 2010, all of our construction employees were members of a national labor union of construction workers. The economic terms of our collective bargaining agreements are negotiated on an annual basis. All other terms and conditions of these agreements are negotiated every other year. We believe that we have an excellent working relationship with our workforce. We have not experienced a labor strike or any significant labor-related delay to date.
Customer Services and Warranties
The Company holds insurance that covers defects, hidden or visible, during construction and which also covers the warranty period provided by the Company to homebuyers. As mentioned in Note 25 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, we provide a two-year warranty to all of our customers. This warranty could apply to damages derived either from our operations or from defects in materials supplied by third parties (such as electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or other circumstances outside our control.
For manufacturing defects, we do not recognize a warranty accrual in our consolidated financial statements since we obtain a security bond from our contractors that covers the claims related to the quality of their work. We withhold a guarantee deposit from them, which is reimbursed to our contractors once the warranty for manufacturing defects period expires. Generally, the warranty period lasts for one year after the contractors complete their work and covers any visible or hidden defect. We believe that at December 31, 2010 we had no unrecorded losses with respect to these warranties.
Community Services
We seek to foster brand loyalty after construction is complete, by strengthening community relations in the developments we build. As part of agreements with potential customers and governmental authorities, we donate land and build community infrastructure such as schools, day-care centers, churches, and green areas, often amounting to 10% to 15% of the total land area of the developments we construct. For a period of 18 months, we also provide for community development specialists to assist in promoting community relations in certain developments by organizing neighborhood events such as competitions for beautiful homes and gardens.
Risk Management
The Company is exposed both to general entrepreneurial risks and to industry-specific risks. Key areas of exposure are capacity and utilization risks, strategy-related risks, political risks, operational risks, procurement risks, wage policy risks, IT risks and financial and treasury management risks. The Company’s risk management strategy permits the exploitation of business opportunities that present themselves as long as a risk-return ratio in line with market conditions can be realized and the associated risks are an appropriate and sustainable component value creation.
Sensible management of entrepreneurial opportunities and business risks is an integral part of the Company’s corporate management and decision-making. Consequently, the Company’s system for the timely detection and management of risk consists of a large number of components that are systematically embedded in the entire organization and operational structure of the Company. There is no autonomous organizational structure; instead, risk management is regarded as a primary responsibility of the managers of all business entities and of the process and project managers in the Company. One of their management responsibilities is to ensure that the staff is also integrated into the risk management system.
The Risk Management Committee ensures, on behalf of the board of directors, that risks are identified and assessed continuously across the Company’s many functions and processes. The Committee reports to the board of directors and is responsible for refining and verifying the effectiveness of the Company’s risk management system. The Committee develops the Company’s risk policy and evaluates the Company’s compliance with this policy. In addition, the Committee disseminates the Company’s risk policy,
determines the documentation required to comply with the policy and initiates any reviews of specific aspects of the risk management system that may be necessary by the internal audit department.
All major potential risks to the Company’s profitability or continued existence are documented by a risk map. This risk map is regularly updated and extended, where appropriate. Potential interdependencies between risks are duly noted. This measure is designed to ensure that the timely detection, limitation and elimination of these risk systems are regularly reviewed and reinforced.
Over and above appropriate insurance solutions, contingency plans tailored to each individual risk situation are in place for the purpose of combating and controlling risks. An analysis of risks, together with the possibilities of limiting and overcoming them, also forms an integral part of the Company’s strategy development process and is incorporated into the Company’s operational planning.
Regulation
General
Our operations are subject to Mexican federal, state and local regulation as a corporation doing business in Mexico. Some of the most relevant statutes, regulations and agencies that govern our operations as a housing development company include the following:
· the Mexican General Human Settlements Law (Ley General de Asentamientos Humanos), which regulates urban development, planning and zoning and delegates to the Mexico City and state governments the authority to promulgate urban development laws and regulations within their jurisdiction, including the Urban Development Law (Ley de Desarrollo Urbano) of each state where we operate, which regulates state urban development.
· the Mexican Federal Housing Law (Ley Federal de Vivienda), which coordinates the activities of states, municipalities and the private sector within the context of the housing industry. As in effect, the Federal Housing Law seeks to encourage and promote the construction of affordable entry-level housing.
· local Building Regulations (Reglamentos de Construcción) and urban development plans promulgated by the states, Mexico City, and local municipalities, which control building construction, establish the required licenses and permits, and define local zoning and land-use requirements.
· the Mexican INFONAVIT Law (Ley del Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores), which requires that financing provided by INFONAVIT be granted only to homebuyers of registered developers that participate in public INFONAVIT bidding processes.
· the Federal Mortgage Society Organizational Law (Ley Orgánica de la Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal), which encourages the development of the primary and secondary home mortgage markets by authorizing SHF to grant home mortgage loans pursuant to the Federal Mortgage Society General Financing Conditions (Condiciones Generales de Financiamiento de Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal), which regulate the general terms and conditions on which these loans may be granted.
· the Mexican Federal Consumer Protection Law (Ley Federal de Protección al Consumidor), which promotes and protects consumer rights and seeks to establish equality and legal certainty in relationships between consumers and commercial suppliers.
Environmental
Our operations are subject to the Mexican General Environmental Protection Law (Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente), the Mexican General Waste Prevention and Management Law (Ley General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos), and the related regulations. The Mexican Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales) and the Mexican Federal Environmental Protection Agency (Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente) are the Mexican federal government authorities responsible for enforcing environmental regulations in Mexico, including environmental impact studies, which are required for obtaining land-use permits, investigations and audits, as well
as to provide guidelines and procedures regarding the generation, handling, disposal and treatment of hazardous and non-hazardous waste.
We are committed to conducting our business operations in a manner that minimizes their environmental impact. Our business processes include procedures that are intended to ensure compliance with the Mexican General Environmental Protection Law, the Mexican General Waste Prevention and Management Law, and the related regulations. In accordance with these laws, we build our homes with aluminum mold metal instead of wooden beams and treat waste water. We plant trees on the land of homes we sell and provide seedlings on land that we donate to our communities. Our internal teams conduct environmental studies for each project and produce environmental reports that are intended to identify environmental issues and assist in project planning in order to minimize adverse environmental effects, such as limiting the felling of trees during the process of urbanizing rural land for use in our developments. Our costs include the cost of complying with applicable environmental regulations. To date, the cost of complying and monitoring compliance with environmental regulations applicable to us has been immaterial.
Significant Subsidiaries
We are a holding company and conduct our operations through subsidiaries. The table below sets forth our principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
|
| Jurisdiction |
| Ownership |
|
|
| ||
Name of Company |
| Incorporation |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| Products/Services |
|
Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V. (“PICSA”) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level, middle-income and upper-income housing |
|
Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid. del Fideicomiso AAA Homex 80284 |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Financial services |
|
Administradora Picsa, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administrative services and promotion related to the construction industry |
|
Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administrative services |
|
Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Air transportation and lease services |
|
Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (DECANO) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Construction and development of housing complexes |
|
Homex Atizapán, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 67 | % | 67 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing |
|
Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (1) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing |
|
Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing |
|
Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing |
|
Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (2) |
| Mexico |
| 50 | % | 50 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing |
|
Opción Homex, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Sale, lease and acquisition of properties |
|
Homex Amuéblate, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Sale of housing-related products |
|
Homex Global, S.A. de C.V. (3) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Holding company for foreign investments |
|
Sofhomex, S.A. de C.V. S.F.O.M. E.R. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Financial services |
|
Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid. del Fideicomiso Homex 80584 |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Employee stock option plan administration |
|
HXMTD, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of upper-income tourism housing |
|
Homex Central Marcaria, S.A. de C.V. |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administration of industrial and intellectual property |
|
Homex Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. (4) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | — | % | Design and construction service for public or private services |
|
CRS Morelos, S.A. de C.V. (4) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | — | % | Construction services to government |
|
CT Prop, S. de R.L. de C.V. (5) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | — | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of tourism housing |
|
CT Loreto, S. de R.L. de C.V. (5) |
| Mexico |
| 100 | % | — | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of tourism housing |
|
(1) Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (“CBC”) owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Super Abastos Centrales y Comerciales, S.A. de C.V. and 50% of the outstanding stock of Promotora Residencial Huehuetoca, S.A. de C.V. (“Huehuetoca”), which are engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing. Huehuetoca is fully consolidated in accordance with MFRS B-8, Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements, since the Company has control over this subsidiary. Through October 20, 2009, CBC owned 100% of the outstanding stock of Comercializadora Cántaros, S.A. de C.V. That company was sold to a third party on that date.
(2) Hogares del Noroeste, S. A. de C.V. is a 50% owned and controlled subsidiary of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., which is engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing. This entity is fully consolidated in accordance with the guidance included in Bulletin B-8 Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Valuation of Permanent Investments, since the Company has control of this subsidiary.
(3) Homex Global, S.A. de C.V, (“Homex Global”) owns the outstanding stock of the following companies:
(a) Effective March 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Homex India Private Limited, a subsidiary located in India and that is to perform the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in India. This company had no significant operations during 2008, 2009 and 2010.
(b) Effective September 2007, Homex Global owned 15% of the outstanding stock of Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”, a company located in Cairo, Egypt that performs the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Egypt. Pursuant the application of MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments, effective January 1, 2009, this company was no longer considered an associate but another permanent investment. On December 31, 2009 the Company sold its total investment in this company to a third party.
(c) Effective February 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Desarrolladora de Sudamérica, S.A. de C.V., a Mexican company that had no operations from 2008 to 2010.
(d) Effective November 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding common stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes a Construcoes Limitada (“Homex Brasil”), through its subsidiaries Éxito Construcoes e Participacoes Limitada and HMX Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada. Through twenty three subsidiaries, Homex Brasil performs construction and development of entry-level housing in Sao Paulo, Brazil. During 2009, Homex Brasil started operations in Brazil with a 1,300-unit affordable entry-level development in Sao Jose dos Campos, northeast of Sao Paulo. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company had recognized revenues from its Brazilian operations of Ps. 173,272 and Ps. 7,741, respectively.
(4) These companies were incorporated in 2010; however, they had no significant operations during 2010.
(5) These companies were acquired in 2010. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—History and Development—Our Products” and Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements. CT Prop, S. de R.L. de C.V. owns 100% of the outstanding stock of CT Commercial Properties, S. de R.L. de C.V.
ITEM 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and their accompanying notes included elsewhere herein. Our consolidated financial statements are stated in thousands of historical pesos. Other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, is also stated in historical pesos. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“MFRS”), which differ in certain respects from US GAAP as described in Notes 28 through 30 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
This annual report contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this annual report, particularly in “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 3. Key Information.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with MFRS, which require that we make certain estimates and use certain assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on our best knowledge of current events, actual results may differ. Our critical accounting estimates are listed below:
Revenue and Cost Recognition
Pursuant to MFRS, prior to January 1, 2010, we recognized revenues from the sale of homes based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which required us to recognize revenues measured by the percentage of actual costs incurred to total estimated costs for each development and each project.
In December 2008, IMFRS 14 was issued by the CINIF to complement Bulletin D-7, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.
Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company stopped recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company began to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition will then more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” (or the “deposit accounting method”) in which revenues, costs and expenses should be recognized, when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
· the Company has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or or the assets ownership;
· the Company does not retain any continued participation of the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;
· the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;
· it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and
· the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.
The above conditions are typically met upon the completion of construction, and signing by the Company, the customer and (if applicable) the lender the legal contracts and deeds of ownership (escritura) over the property. At that time, the customer would have the legal right to take possession of the home.
This Interpretation was adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with these 2010 consolidated financial statements as required by MFRS B-1 Accounting Changes and Error Correction.
Pursuant to US GAAP, we apply ASC No. 360.20 for the substantial majority of our revenues. Revenues under US GAAP’s ASC 360.20 are recognized when all the following events occur: a) a sale is consummated; b) a significant initial down payment is received (when applicable); and c) the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured.
The principal remaining differences between ASC 360.20 and IMFRS 14 relate to: (1) revenues from FOVI and INVI financial institutions, which are typically recognized for MFRS purposes before they are recognized for US GAAP purposes, since for US GAAP purposes they do not yet comply with one of the ASC conditions above, specifically that a significant down payment is received, that is typically more than 10%, and (2) the deferral and thus recognition on a cash basis for US GAAP of unsecured home-buyer receivables.
The remaining variations in the Company’s gross profit and gross profit margin between MFRS and US GAAP principally relate to differences in amounts included in cost of sales. Under MFRS certain financing costs are included in interest expense that are considered a component of cost of sales for US GAAP. Furthermore, under both MFRS and US GAAP, certain other financing costs are capitalized and ultimately charged to cost of sales when inventory is sold. However, the method and amounts capitalized varies between MFRS and US GAAP and can result in varying gross profit margins and thus operating profits.
In 2010, revenues under MFRS were Ps.19,652 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.19,629 million. In 2009, restated revenues under MFRS were Ps.17,476 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.17,616 million. For a further discussion of revenue recognition policies under US GAAP, refer to Notes 28 through 30 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Total units closed and recognized as MFRS revenue in 2010 were 44,347 units (46,016 in 2009) compared to 44,277 units closed under US GAAP in 2010 (46,631 in 2009). Total units closed of 44,347 in 2010 represents a 3.6% decrease compared to total units closed in 2009 of 46,016. The decrease is attributable primarily due to the Company’s strategy of focusing on home prototypes in the affordable entry-level and middle-income segment, which produce higher revenue and profit margins. Thus, while the number of units has decreased, resulting revenues and profits have increased.
Impairment evaluation of inventories
The Company reviews the carrying amounts of its inventories annually or earlier when an impairment indicator suggests that such amounts might not be recoverable. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable an assessment is undertaken to determine whether carrying values are in excess of their net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated sales price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs for completion and effecting a sale.
Net realizable value for development properties is based on internal project evaluations where assumptions are made about the project’s expected revenues and expenses. Valuation of these projects is performed according to lower cost of market principle. If the carrying amount of a project exceeds the net realizable value, a provision is recorded to reflect the inventory at the recoverable amount in the balance sheet. Impairment losses are recognized in the income statement.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, no impairment was recognized with respect to our inventories.
Income Taxes
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statements, carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and, if necessary, establish a valuation allowance based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets resulting in additional income tax expense. Included as a component of our net deferred tax liabilities are tax loss carry-forward assets (“NOL carry-forwards”) of Ps. 3,099,644 (post-tax effected — Ps. 930,107) as of December 31, 2010 related to our operations in Mexico. We believe that it is more likely than not that such NOL carry-forwards will be ultimately recovered, primarily through the reversal of deferred tax liabilities. Accordingly, no valuation allowance has been recognized against these NOL carry-forwards in our consolidated financial statements, except by NOL carry-forwards mentioned in Note 24 f) to our consolidated financial statements. We also have tax loss carry-forward assets (“NOL carry-forwards”) of Ps. 415,805 (post-tax effected Ps. 141,374 ) as of December 31, 2010 related to our operations in Brazil. Given the start-up nature of our Brazilian operations, a valuation allowance has been recognized against these NOL carry-forwards in our consolidated financial statements. See Notes 3 and 24 to our consolidated financial statements.
On December 7, 2009, a tax reform bill was approved and published which reformed, amended and annulled certain tax dispositions that were effective on January 1, 2010. This new bill reform enacted and income tax rate (Impuesto Sobre la Renta, or “ISR”) effective as follows: (a) from 2010 to 2012, 30%; (b) for 2013, 29%; and (c) for 2014 and future years, 28%.
We establish reserves to remove some or all of the tax benefit of any of our tax positions at the time we determine that it becomes evident that the tax position is “more likely than not” to not be sustainable upon challenge by the tax authorities. For purposes of evaluating whether or not a tax position is uncertain, (1) we presume the tax position will be examined by the relevant taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, (2) the technical merits of a tax position are derived from authorities such as legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, rulings and case law and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the tax position, and (3) each tax position is evaluated without consideration of the possibility of offset or aggregation with other tax positions taken.
A number of years may elapse before a particular uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved or when a tax assessment is raised. The number of years subject to tax assessments varies depending on the tax jurisdiction and is generally five years for the countries in which the Company principally operates. The tax benefit that has been previously reserved because of a failure to meet the “more likely than not” recognition threshold would be recognized in our income tax expense in the first period in which: (1) the tax position meets such threshold, (2) the tax position, amount, and/or timing is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation, or (3) the statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired.
We have taken certain positions in our annual tax returns which are classified as uncertain tax positions for financial reporting purposes. Specifically, uncertain tax positions currently outstanding relate to our interpretation of the Mexican Income Tax Law (MITLA) related to the inclusion of certain debts in the calculation of the inflation adjustment, and the deduction of land by real estate developers. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, uncertain tax positions resulted in Ps. 604,139 and Ps. 421,843, respectively, in deferred tax assets which had been provided for through a full valuation allowance, and an additional current liability in the amount of Ps. 775,946 and Ps. 248,781 in our consolidated financial statements, respectively.
OPERATING RESULTS
The following table sets forth selected data for the periods indicated, stated in nominal pesos. The table also sets forth the data as a percentage of our total revenues:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 (restated) |
| 2008 (restated) |
| |||
|
| (in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.)) |
| |||||||
MFRS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 19,652,309 |
| Ps. | 17,476,489 |
| Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Cost of sales |
| 13,727,484 |
| 12,285,836 |
| 10,356,329 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,924,825 |
| 5,190,653 |
| 4,369,499 |
| |||
Selling and administrative expenses |
| 2,980,379 |
| 2,471,680 |
| 2,303,402 |
| |||
Income from operations |
| 2,944,446 |
| 2,718,973 |
| 2,066,097 |
| |||
Other (expenses) income, net |
| (142,765 | ) | 5,320 |
| (140,238 | ) | |||
Net comprehensive financing cost (1) |
| 314,742 |
| 148,511 |
| 508,673 |
| |||
Income tax expense |
| 906,997 |
| 994,389 |
| 456,256 |
| |||
Net income |
| Ps. | 1,579,942 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
|
| (as a percentage of sales) |
| ||||
MFRS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
| 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % |
Cost of sales |
| 69.9 | % | 70.3 | % | 70.3 | % |
Gross profit |
| 30.1 | % | 29.7 | % | 29.7 | % |
Selling and administrative expenses |
| 15.2 | % | 14.1 | % | 15.6 | % |
Income from operations |
| 15.0 | % | 15.6 | % | 14.0 | % |
Other (expenses) income, net |
| (0.7 | )% | 0.0 | % | (1.0 | )% |
Net comprehensive financing cost |
| 1.6 | % | 0.8 | % | 3.5 | % |
Income tax expense |
| 4.6 | % | 5.7 | % | 3.1 | % |
Net income |
| 8.0 | % | 9.0 | % | 6.5 | % |
(1) Represents interest income, interest expense, foreign exchange gains and losses and valuation effects of derivative instruments.
Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2009 - MFRS
Revenues
Total housing revenues in 2010 increased 7.4% to Ps. 18,465.2 million from Ps. 17,198.7 million in 2009, driven by higher average prices in the affordable-entry level segment and increased volume in the middle-income segment. Affordable entry-level homes (including our operations in Brazil) represented 67.6% of total revenues in 2010 compared to 78.9% in 2009. Middle-income homes represented 26.3% of total revenues in 2010 compared to 19.5% in 2009. In 2010, other revenues increased to Ps.1,187.0 million, compared to Ps.277.7 million in 2009. The increase is primarily a result of construction service contracts we entered into with the Mexican Federal Government.
Units closed in 2010 decreased 3.6% to 44,347 homes, from 46,016 homes in 2009 primarily due to the Company’s strategy of focusing on home prototypes in the affordable entry-level and middle-income segment, which produce higher revenue and profit margins. Thus, while the number of units closed has decreased, resulting revenues and profits have increased. Affordable entry-level sales volume decreased to 39,579 homes in 2010 or 89.2% of total sales volume compared to 92.4% in 2009. Middle-income sales volume increased 10.8% to 4,768 homes in 2010 compared to 3,483 homes in 2009, reflecting the Company’s strategy of focusing on home prototypes that can be financed through co-financing mortgage programs with INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE in response to commercial banks providing mortgages that are co-financed by such agencies.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased to 30.1% in 2010 from 29.7% in 2009 which includes the effects of MFRS D-6. Pursuant to the application of MFRS D-6, which was implemented in 2007, the Company is required to capitalize a portion of its CFC, which includes interest expense, exchange gains and losses and monetary position gains and losses and to apply capitalized CFC to cost of sales as the related inventory is sold in future periods.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company’s capitalized CFC that was applied to cost of sales increased 41.1% to Ps.758.3 million compared to Ps.537.4 million during the same period in 2009 primarily as a result of:
· a 71% increase in capitalized interest expense to Ps.789.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2010 from Ps.463.1 million as of December 31, 2009, reflecting the 28% increase in total debt in connection with an increased investment in construction-in-process inventory; and
· capitalized foreign exchange gain applied to cost of sales of Ps.27.9 million, compared to a loss of Ps.80.2 million during the same period in 2009, reflecting the appreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar.
Costs of sales increased by 11.7% for the year ended December 31, 2010 to Ps.13,727.4 million from Ps.12,285.8 million for the same period in 2009, due primarily to the increase in the Company’s capitalized CFC. On a pro-forma basis (without considering the application of MFRS D-6 in 2009 and 2010) Homex’s gross margin in 2010 was 34.0%, compared to 32.8% in 2009. The increase in gross margin was mainly driven by a higher average price in the Company’s affordable-entry and middle-income level segments homes as described under “Revenues” above.
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 20.6% to Ps.2,980.3 million in 2010 compared to Ps.2,471.7 million in 2009. As a percentage of total revenues, SG&A expenses increased to 15.2% in 2010 compared to 14.1% in 2009. The increase in SG&A was primarily a result of the addition of personnel in Homex’s international and tourism divisions, an expense which was not yet offset by revenue contributions from those divisions.
Income from Operations
In 2010, income from operations increased by 8.3% to Ps.2,944.4 million compared to Ps.2,718.9 million in 2009. On a pro-forma basis (without considering the application of MFRS D-6), the Company’s operating margin in 2010 increased 21 bps to 18.8% compared to 18.6% in 2009. The higher margin reflects the Company’s increased profitability as a result of higher average prices.
Net Comprehensive Financing Cost
Net comprehensive financing cost (comprised of interest income, interest expense, foreign exchange gains and losses, valuation effects of derivative instruments and monetary position gains and losses) increased to Ps.314.7 million in 2010 compared to Ps.148.5 million in 2009, substantially as a result of the following:
· net interest expense increased to Ps.177.2 million in 2010 from Ps.141.5 million in 2009, primarily due to an increase in the Company’s total debt of 28 percent;
· the Company had a foreign exchange loss of Ps.97.8 million in 2010 compared to a foreign exchange gain of Ps.59.5 million in 2009; and
· the net valuation effects of financial instruments decreased from Ps.66.4 million in 2009 to Ps.39.6 million in 2010 as a result of the changes in the mark-to-market of the Company’s financial instruments during the year.
Foreign Exchange Exposure and Currency Derivatives
As of December 31, 2010, Homex’s US Dollar denominated debt consisted of two US$250 million bonds issued in 2005 and 2009 with single principal payments due at maturity in 2015 and 2019, respectively. In connection with its US$250 million bond maturing in 2015, the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on this debt at an average rate of Ps.13.89 per U.S. dollar through 2012. In connection with its US$250 million bond maturing in 2019, the Company entered into a principal-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal amount of this debt at a rate of Ps.12.93 per U.S. dollar through 2019 and at an average weighted cost of 4.39%. In addition, the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on this debt at an average rate of Ps.11.67 per U.S. dollar through 2012.
The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, were Ps.39,654, Ps.66,451 and Ps.313,962, respectively.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense decreased by 8.8% to Ps.906.9 million in 2010 compared to Ps.994.3 million in 2009. The effective tax rate was 36% in 2010 compared to 39% in 2009. The decrease in the effective tax rate was attributable to charges recorded in 2009 related to the adoption of a new tax law in Mexico, along with fewer non-deductible tax items in 2010, partially offset by a higher statutory tax rate in 2010.
Net Income of controlling interest
Net income of controlling interest decreased 3.5% to Ps.1,511.7 million in 2010 compared to Ps.1,565.8 million in 2009, as a result of the factors described above.
Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2008 - MFRS
Revenues
Total housing revenues in 2009 increased 16.9% to Ps.17,198.7 million from Ps.14,715.7 million in 2008, driven both by increased sales volume and higher average prices in the affordable entry-level segment. Affordable entry-level homes represented 78.9% of total revenues in 2009 compared to 76.7% in 2008. Middle-income homes represented 19.5% of total revenues in 2009 compared to 23.3% in 2008. In 2009, other revenues increased to Ps.277.7 million, compared to Ps.100.0 million in 2008. The increase is mainly due to construction service contracts we entered into with the Mexican federal government.
Units closed in 2009 increased 9.6% to 46,016 homes, from 42,000 homes in 2008 primarily due to the Company’s focus on affordable entry-level and low-cost products in view of the availability of mortgage financing in this segment through INFONAVIT and others. Affordable entry-level sales volume increased to 42,533 homes in 2009 or 92.4% of total sales volume compared to 91.5% in 2008. Middle-income sales volume decreased 2.6% to 3,483 homes in 2009 compared to 3,575 homes in 2008, reflecting the Company’s strategy to reduce its exposure to the middle-income segment in light of economic conditions that affected mortgage financing availability for this segment as well as consumer confidence.
Gross Profit
Gross profit remained unchanged at 29.7% in 2009 compared to 2008. Pursuant to the application of MFRS D-6, which was implemented in 2007, the Company is required to capitalize a portion of its CFC, which includes interest expense, exchange gains and losses and monetary position gains and losses and to apply capitalized CFC to cost of sales as the related inventory is sold in future periods.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company’s capitalized CFC that was applied to cost of sales decreased 18.8% to Ps.537.4 million compared to Ps.662.0 million during the same period in 2008 primarily as a result of:
· a 39% increase in capitalized interest expense to Ps.463.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 from Ps.333.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase in capitalized interest expense that was applied to cost of sales was partially driven by the recognition of previous years’ capitalized interest expense on inventory pursuant the application of MFRS D-6 and a 29% increase in the Company’s total debt position in 2009; and.
· capitalized foreign exchange loss applied to cost of sales of Ps.80.2 million, compared to a loss of Ps.350.9 million during the same period in 2008. The decrease in the loss was a result of the appreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar during 2009.
Costs of sales increased by 18.6% for the year ended December 31, 2009 to Ps.12,285.8 million from Ps.10,356.3 million for the same period in 2008, due to primarily a higher CFC capitalization applied to cost of sales during 2009 as explained above. On a pro-forma basis (without considering the application of MFRS D-6 in 2008 and 2009) Homex’s gross margin in 2009 was 32.8%, compared to 34.2% in 2008. The decrease in gross margin was mainly driven by a decline in the percentage of our total revenues generated from sales of middle-income homes, from 23.3% in 2008 to 19.5% in 2009.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 7.3% to Ps.2,471.6 million in 2009 compared to Ps.2,303.4 million in 2008. As a percentage of total revenues, SG&A expenses decreased to 14.1% in 2009 compared to 15.6% in 2008. The increase in SG&A was primarily a result of the addition of personnel in our tourism and international divisions, an expense which was not offset by additional revenue contributions from those divisions.
Income from Operations
In 2009, income from operations increased by 31.6% to Ps.2,718.9 million compared to Ps.2,066.0 million in 2008. On a pro-forma basis (without considering the application of MFRS D-6), the Company’s operating margin in 2009 was stable at 18.6% compared to 18.5% in 2008.
Net Comprehensive Financing Cost
Net comprehensive financing cost (comprised of interest income, interest expense, foreign exchange gains and losses, valuation effects of derivative instruments and monetary position gains and losses) decreased to Ps.148.5 million in 2009 compared to Ps.508.6 million in 2008, substantially as a result of the following:
· net interest expense increased to Ps.141.5 million in 2009 from Ps.29.8 million in 2008, primarily due to an increase in the Company’s total debt of 29 percent;
· the Company had a foreign exchange gain of Ps.59.5 million in 2009 compared to a foreign exchange loss of Ps.164.8 million in 2008, which was caused by the appreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar; and
· the net valuation effects of financial instruments decreased from Ps.313.9 million in 2008 to Ps.66.4 million in 2009, partially due to the cancellation of a foreign currency derivative transaction in October 2008 and the fact that certain financial instruments entered into in 2009 qualified for “hedge accounting” treatment, while certain of the Company’s previous financial instruments did not qualify for such accounting treatment.
Foreign Exchange Exposure and Currency Derivatives
As of December 31, 2009, Homex’s US Dollar denominated debt was mainly limited to two US$250 million bonds issued in 2005 and 2009 with single principal payments due at maturity in 2015 and 2019, respectively. In connection with its US$250 million bond maturing in 2015, the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on this debt at an average rate of Ps.13.89 per U.S. dollar through 2012. In connection with its US$250 million bond maturing in 2019, the Company entered into a principal-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal amount of this debt at a rate of Ps.12.93 per U.S. dollar through 2019 and at an average weighted cost of 3.87%. In addition, the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on this debt at an average rate of Ps.11.67 per U.S. dollar through 2012.
The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, were Ps.66,451, Ps.313,962 and Ps.(147,977), respectively.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense increased by 117.9% to Ps.994.3 million in 2009 compared to Ps.456.2 million in 2008. The effective tax rate was 39% in 2009 compared to 31% in 2008. The increase in the effective tax rate was attributable to changes recorded related to the adoption of a new tax law in México, along with higher non-deductible tax items in 2009 compared to 2008.
Net Income of controlling interest
Net income of controlling interest increased 69% to Ps.1,565.8 million in 2009 compared to Ps.926.6 million in 2008, as a result of the factors described above.
Results of Operations —Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 —US GAAP
As disclosed in Note 28 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, until the adoption of IMFRS 14, the primary differences between the Company’s financial statements prepared under MFRS and US GAAP related to revenue and cost recognition for construction projects, although certain smaller differences existed for other accounts. However, pursuant to the adoption of IMFRS 14, the Company’s revenue recognition policy under MFRS is more similar to US GAAP.
In 2010, revenues under MFRS were Ps.19,652 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.19,629 million. In 2009, revenues under MFRS were Ps.17,476 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.17,616 million. Revenues under US GAAP’s ASC 360.20 are recognized when all the following events occur: a) a sale is consummated; b) a significant initial down payment is received (when applicable); and c) the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. Subsequent to the Company’s adoption of IMFRS 14, its revenue recognition policy under MFRS is more closely aligned to US GAAP, although certain differences still exist. The principal remaining differences between ASC 360.20 and IMFRS 14 relate to: (1) revenues from FOVI and INVI financial institutions, that are typically recognized for MFRS purposes before they are recognized for US GAAP purposes, since for US GAAP purposes they do not yet comply with one of the ASC conditions above, specifically that a significant down payment is received, that is typically more than 10%, and (2) the deferral and thus recognition on a cash basis for US GAAP of unsecured home-buyer receivables. For a further discussion of revenue recognition policies under US GAAP, refer to Note 28 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Total units closed and recognized as US GAAP revenue in 2010 were 44,277 units (46,631 in 2009) compared to 44,347 units closed under MFRS in 2010 (46,016 in 2009). The lower volume in units closed in 2010 is primarily attributable to the Company’s strategy of focusing on more profitable segments within the affordable entry-level and low middle-income segments. We reduced our exposure to the economic segment by focusing on home prototypes that can be financed through co-financing mortgage programs with INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE in response to commercial banks providing mortgages that are co-financed by such agencies. Total units closed of 44,277 in 2010 represents a 5% decrease compared to total units closed in 2009 of 46,631. In 2009, units closed increased by 11.9% over 2008. The proportion of units closed and units closed are generally consistent when evaluated by operating segment during both 2010 and 2009.
Gross profit margins were 30.1% for MFRS in 2010, compared to 29.9% for US GAAP. Gross profit margins were 29.7% for MFRS in 2009, compared to 28.1% for US GAAP. The remaining variations in the Company’s gross profit and gross profit margin between MFRS and US GAAP principally relate to differences in amounts included in cost of sales. Under MFRS certain financing costs are included in interest expense that are considered a component of cost of sales for US GAAP. Furthermore, under both MFRS and US GAAP, certain other financing costs are capitalized and ultimately charged to cost of sales when inventory is sold. However, the method and amounts capitalized varies between MFRS and US GAAP and can result in varying gross profit margins and thus operating profits.
Selling, general and administrative expenses are not significantly impacted by the differences between MFRS and US GAAP. Accordingly, fluctuations in US GAAP SG&A expenses during 2010 and 2009 are consistent with those described for MFRS discussed above.
CFC are different between MFRS and US GAAP for the reasons discussed above. These differences could result in periodic fluctuations in gross profit margins and CFC levels between the two accounting frameworks.
The Company’s effective tax rate is not significantly impacted by the differences between MFRS and US GAAP. The Company’s effective tax rate under MFRS was 36% in 2010 compared to 35% under US GAAP and 39% under MFRS in 2009 compared to 41% under US GAAP.
Refer to Note 28 through 30 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for a complete reconciliation of net income between MFRS and US GAAP.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, substantial liquidity and capital resource requirements, principally to finance development and construction of homes and for land inventory purchases.
Adverse economic conditions in the U.S. throughout the 2008 – 2010 period affected the mortgage banking sector in the U.S., therefore negatively impacting performance of the homebuilding industry in the country, impacting the financial positions of a majority of U.S. homebuilders. Our domestic mortgage system, as explained herein, differs from that of the U.S. The Mexican housing market differs from the U.S. housing industry in several significant respects. The housing market in Mexico is in an early stage of development compared to the U.S. housing industry, which, according to some economists, has been subjected to heightened price speculation that has led to an excess supply of housing and a lack of liquidity stemming from earlier excessive mortgage lending activity. The Mexican housing market on the other hand is characterized by a large deficit of housing stock driven in part by a growing young population, high rates of urban growth, new household formation, and a decreasing number of occupants per home. Additionally, the Mexican government has implemented housing policies and created agencies designed to address the housing deficit by making funds available to a large segment of the population. As a result, in the past few years, a significant market for companies like Homex in the affordable entry-level segment has emerged. Accordingly, Homex does not believe that the housing market in Mexico is suffering from the same impairment and liquidity issues currently facing the U.S. housing industry. Moreover, while it may be reasonably possible that the impairment and liquidity issues currently facing the U.S. housing industry may deteriorate further, Homex does not have any current reason to believe these specific problems will materially affect its operations and liquidity directly. However, no assurances can be given that impairment or liquidity issues in the United States will not affect our operations and liquidity in the future, or that impairment or liquidity issues will not arise in Mexico.
As of December 31, 2010, we had Ps.3,435.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and Ps.12,921.1 million of outstanding indebtedness for money borrowed (none of which was construction financing provided by sofoles for developments under construction), as compared to Ps.3,251.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and Ps.10,093.9 million of outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2009.
Although we do not commence construction of any development until the availability of mortgage financing for qualified homebuyers is determined, we do acquire land and perform licensing, permit-securing, and certain infrastructure development activities prior to receiving confirmation of the availability of mortgage financing. Historically, we have financed our development and construction activities through internally generated funds, commercial paper programs, bridge loans and long-term financing.
Our primary sources of liquidity are:
· cash flow from operations;
· financing from sellers of land and, to a lesser extent, suppliers of materials;
· commercial banks and other financial institutions; and
· down payments from homebuyers.
We believe that our working capital will be sufficient during the next 12 months to meet our liquidity requirements.
The table below sets forth information regarding our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2010:
Debt Outstanding as of December 31, 2010
Homex Debt |
| Aggregate Lender |
| Interest |
| Maturity |
| |
|
| (in thousands of |
|
|
|
|
| |
Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019(1) |
| Ps. | 3,095,425 |
|
|
|
|
|
Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015(2) |
| 3,095,425 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A credit line of Ps.2,078 million granted on June 26, 2008. |
| 2,078,000 |
| TIIE+1.50 | % | June 26, 2013 |
| |
Banco Nacional de México S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A line of credit of Ps.1,000 million granted on July 16, 2009. |
| 1,462,613 |
| TIIE+5.0 | % | July 16, 2013 |
| |
Bancomer, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A credit line granted by Bancomer, S.A. for Ps. 833,333 on July 26, 2010. |
| 833,333 |
| TIIE+3.60 | % | January 28, 2013 |
| |
Banco BTG Pactual, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Five lines of credit granted by Banco BTG Pactual, S.A. (Brazilian Financial Institution) from May through November 2010 for 50.0 million Brazilian Reals |
| 369,576 |
| 8.73 | % | June through November 2013 |
| |
Banco ABC Brasil, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Three lines of credit granted by Banco ABC Brasil S.A (Brazilian financial institution) in October and November 2010 for 16.5 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 122,704 |
| 7.35 | % | October and November 2012 |
| |
Banco Bradesco, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Six lines of credit granted by Banco Bradesco, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from June through December 2010 for 53.2 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 389,547 |
| 6.02 | % | During 2012 and 2013 |
| |
Banco BNDES, Brasil, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Line of credit line granted by BNDES Brasil, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) on June 29, 2010 for 0.2 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 5,993 |
| 12.12 | % | June 29, 2014 |
| |
Banco HSBC, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A credit line granted by HSBC México, S.A. on October 12, 2010 for Ps.50,000. |
| 50,000 |
| TIIE+5.50 | % | January 10, 2011 |
| |
BBVA Bancomer, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Four credit lines granted by BBVA Bancomer, S.A. in December 2010 for Ps 300,000. |
| 300,000 |
| TIIE+3.20 | % | April, 2011 |
| |
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Three credit lines granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A. in November and December 2010 for Ps. 78,000. |
| 73,570 |
| TIIE+5.00 | % | January and February 2011 |
| |
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A credit line granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A. on July 16, 2010 for Ps. 141,941. |
| 99,358 |
| TIIE+5.00 | % | July 15, 2011 |
| |
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Three credit lines granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A. for Ps. 95,000 in December 23, 2010. |
| 62,640 |
| TIIE+5.00 | % | February 21, 2011 |
| |
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Two credit lines granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A. on October 25 and December 8, 2010 for Ps. 71,966. |
| 6,394 |
| TIIE+5.00 | % | January and September 2011 |
| |
Banco Itaú BBA, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Seven credit lines granted by Banco Itaú BBA,S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from March through December 2010 for 11.7 million Brazilian Reals. The aforementioned credit lines replaced seven credit lines granted on May, September and October 2009 for 9.1 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 86,723 |
| 6.68 | % | February and June 2011 |
| |
Banco Fibra, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Three credit lines granted by Banco Fibra S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from January through September 2010 for 5.8 million Brazilian Reals. The aforementioned credit line replaced a revolving credit line granted on July 22, 2009 for 1.3 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 24,737 |
| 7.44 | % | January, July and August 2011 |
| |
Banco ABC Brasil, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A revolving credit line of credit granted by Banco ABC Brasil, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) on March 25, 2010 for 1 million Brazilian Reals. The aforementioned credit lines partially replaced three credit lines granted in August, October and November 2009 for 12 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 22,310 |
| 7.19 | % | October 21, 2011 |
| |
Banco HSBC, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Two credit lines granted by Banco HSBC, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) for 11.5 million Brazilian Reals on February 4, 2010. The aforementioned credit lines replaced a revolving credit line granted on November 23, 2009 for 1.5 million Brazilian Reals. |
| 85,521 |
| 9.09 | % | January and November 2011 |
| |
Banco Industrial e Comercial, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A revolving credit line granted by Banco Industrial e Comercial, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) for 5.0 million Brazilian Reals on May 7, 2010. |
| 22,686 |
| 10.03 | % | October 28, 2011 |
| |
Banco Pine, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Two credit lines granted by Banco Pine, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) for 10.0 million Brazilian Reals in March and April 2010. |
| 49,577 |
| 8.41 | % | March 2011 |
| |
Banco Votorantim, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
A revolving credit line granted by Banco Votorantim, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) for 7.0 million Brazilian Reals on December 20,2010. |
| 52,056 |
| 7.82 | % | December 20, 2011 |
| |
Banco Bradesco, S.A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Three credit lines granted by Banco Bradesco, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) for 2.5 million Brazilian Reals in July, September and November 2010. |
| 17,623 |
| 10.13 | % | December 2014 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in June 2007. |
| 149,540 |
| TIIE+0.80 | % | January 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in September 2008. |
| 34,713 |
| TIIE+0.80 | % | October 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in December 2008. |
| 39,141 |
| TIIE+3.50 | % | January 2014 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in March 2009. |
| 15,928 |
| TIIE+3.50 | % | April 2014 |
| |
Leases provided by Leasing Operations de México, S. de R.L. de C.V. in April, May, and August 2010. |
| 100,578 |
| 13.39 | % | During 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by GE Financial Mexico, S.A. de C.V. in September 2010. |
| 554 |
| 12.98 | % | October 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Banco Itau, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from May through October 2009, and from May through September 2010. |
| 11,934 |
| 20.69 | % | November 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Banco Bradesco, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) in November and December 2009 as well as in November 2010. |
| 48,088 |
| 15.91 | % | November and December 2012 through December 2013 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Banco Consorcio S.A. (Brazilian financial institution)from July through December 2010. |
| 1,373 |
| 23.91 | % | From January 2014 through November 2016 |
| |
Interest payable |
| 113,488 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Total debt |
| Ps. | 12,921,148 |
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
| Issued in an aggregate principal amount of US$250 million with a coupon rate of 9.50%. We entered into a principal-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal amount of this debt at a rate of Ps.12.93 per U.S. dollar and at an average weighted cost of 3.87%. In order to increase the amount of thresholds of these financial instruments and to avoid collateral margin calls, in May 2010 the Company changed its PO Swap rate from 3.87% to 4.39%. |
|
|
|
(2) |
| Issued in an aggregate principal amount of US$250 million with a coupon rate of 7.50%. We entered into a foreign exchange swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal amount of this debt at a rate of Ps.10.83 per U.S. dollar and at an average weighted cost of 2.92%. This swap was cancelled on July 5, 2008. |
|
|
|
(3) |
| “TIIE” refers to the 28-day Mexican interbank rate (Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio), which was 4.8750% as of December 31, 2010. |
Our total indebtedness increased to Ps.12,921.1 million as of December 31, 2010 from Ps.10,093.9 million as of December 31, 2009, mainly as a result of working capital requirements.
As of December 31, 2010, our short-term debt was Ps.1,898.1 million, mainly as a result of Ps.982.1 million of various revolving credit lines granted by financial institutions in Mexico and Brazil. Our long-term debt was Ps.11,023.0 million, which includes mainly the long-term portion of our equipment lease obligations in the amount of Ps.235.4 million, a line of credit granted by Bancomer, S.A. for Ps. 833.3, a line of credit granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A. for Ps.1,462.6, a line of credit granted by Grupo Financiero Inbursa S.A. for Ps.2,078.0 million, the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 in the aggregate principal amount of Ps.3,095.4 million and the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019 in the aggregate principal amount of Ps. 3,095.4 million.
On September 28, 2005, we issued US$250 million of Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 with a coupon rate of 7.50%, payable semiannually.
On December 11, 2009, we issued US$250 million of Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019 with a coupon rate of 9.50%, payable semiannually.
As of December 31, 2010, Homex’s U.S. dollar-denominated debt was mainly limited to the Company’s Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 and the Company’s Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019, both with a single principal payment at maturity. The Company has two interest-only swaps that effectively minimize short and mid-term exchange risk in interest payments on the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 and 2019. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the net fair value of these instruments were a liabiliity position of Ps 41.1 million and Ps. 4.7 million, respectively.
During 2008, the Company’s short and long-term net liabilities resulted in a negative foreign exchange position. As a result, the Company entered into hedging transactions, including foreign exchange derivative instruments designed to mitigate the risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates. As a result of 2008’s devaluation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar, the Company decided to cancel these derivative instruments. The Company’s statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2008 reflected a loss of Ps.404,601 related to these foreign exchange derivative transactions.
The net accumulated expense in the statement of income of the interest-only swap covering the 2015 bonds and the 2019 bonds was Ps.39,654 for the year ended December 31, 2010. The net accumulated income of the principal-only swap and the interest-only swaps covering the 2015 and 2019 bonds was Ps.(66,451) for the year ended December 31, 2009.
The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, were Ps.39,654, Ps.66,451 and Ps.313,962, respectively.
We have not paid dividends since the inception of the Company in 1998 and we do not foresee paying dividends in the near future.
Covenants
Loan covenants require the Company and its guarantor subsidiaries to meet certain obligations. These covenants cover changes in ownership control, restrictions on incurring additional debt that does not meet certain requirements established in the loan contracts, restrictions on the sale of assets and the sale of capital stock in subsidiaries, unless they meet certain requirements, restricted payments where dividends cannot be paid or capital reimbursed to equity unless they are made between the guarantor subsidiaries. In addition, the Company cannot pledge any of its assets or properties to guarantee any additional debt until certain limits.
Financial covenants, derived from the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015, the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019, and the credit lines with Inbursa, Banamex and Bancomer require the Company to maintain:
· | a total equity of at least Ps.10,000,000 thousand; the actual equity as of December 31, 2010 was Ps.12,320,511 thousand; |
|
|
· | a ratio of interest coverage (EBITDA) to the net financing expense of at least 3.0 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 3.17 to 1.0; |
|
|
· | a ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost) to EBITDA of less than 3.25 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 3.15 to 1.0; |
|
|
· | a ratio of leverage (liabilities) to equity of less than 2.50 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 1.97 to 1.0; and |
|
|
· | a ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost) to equity of less than 1.50 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 1.05 to 1.0. |
There are also restrictions applicable to additional debt based on EBITDA levels, such as EBITDA to interest expense, including payment of dividends, which should not be less than 2.25 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 2.82 to 1.0.
In computing the above covenants, we use Adjusted MFRS EBITDA as disclosed on page 11.
In the event the Company does not comply with any of the above provisions, there is a resulting limitation on its ability to pay dividends to its stockholders.
Included in its credit agreements with the aforementioned financial institutions, if the Company fails to comply with the terms and conditions of its covenants, an event of default may occur that may result in the amounts owing to these institutions together with interest accrued becoming due and payable. In addition, an event of default under any of the Company’s credit agreements may in turn trigger events of default under the Company’s other credit agreements which may result in the amounts outstanding under such agreements becoming due and payable. Acceleration or cross-default under any of our credit agreements could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants of its debt agreements.
The financial covenants of the leases from BBVA Bancomer require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain:
· | a liquidity ratio of current assets to short-term liabilities no less than 1.50 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 2.81 to 1.0; |
|
|
· | a financing ratio of total liabilities to equity no greater than 1.70 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 1.60 to 1.0; and |
· | a relation of operational income to net comprehensive financing cost at a minimum level of 2.0 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 2.02 to 1.0. |
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company was in compliance with these financial covenants.
The Company will utilize cash from operations and new debt financings to finance working capital needs throughout 2011. In 2011, the Company intends to follow a conservative strategy to improve cash generation and maintain a stable debt level while minimizing land investments and capital expenditures.
TREND INFORMATION
After two economically complicated and challenging years (2008 – 2009), during 2010 we witnessed a global economic recovery, in spite of sluggish growth in some developed economies and debt crises in certain European countries. In 2010, global GDP increased by approximately 3.9 percent, with developed markets growing at a rate of 2.3 percent and developing markets at a 6.2 percent rate, led by China and India.
The economic recovery in the U.S. and other markets related to Mexico’s economy, positively impacted Mexico’s economic performance. As a reflection, during 2010, Mexico’s market share of total U.S. imports increased to 12.06 percent during the January through November 2010, period from 11.29 percent during the same period of 2009. The U.S. recovery had a ripple-effect on Mexico’s export sector which for the year rose at record high level totaling $24.6 billion (a 30 percent year-over-year growth), derived from a 40 percent increase in oil exports and a 29 percent increase in the non-oil sectors. Mexican exports were favored especially in the manufacturing sector, which accounted for 77.6 percent of total exports. Additionally employment growth, consumer confidence and a more dynamic consumption trend translated into an increase in productivity during the year. Mexico’s economic activity indicator (IGAE) for the full year, the index registered an improvement of 5.6 percent compared to 2009. Positively, the Mexican Peso to U.S. dollar parity has maintained its appreciation trend and as of June 29, 2011 the exchange rate was 11.8389 pesos per dollar. As a reflection of the previously discussed factors, during the fourth quarter Mexico’s GDP grew by 4.6 percent, resulting in a yearly growth rate of 5.4 percent compared to a plunge of 6.5 percent during 2009 due to the global recession.
Despite of the positive economic performance of the country, during 2010, Sofoles contracted their lending by 43.4 percent, because of continued liquidity constraints for the entities and continued Non Performing Loan rates deterioration in their overall portfolios. On the other hand, Commercial banks mortgage lending started to slightly recover during the year and as of December 2010, commercial banks’ mortgage portfolio grew 10.6 percent to Ps.363 billion compared.
Sofoles negative performance could affect the Company’s profitability to the extent that some of the Company’s suppliers rely on sofoles financing. At the same time, the Company might benefit from Commercial banks positive performance to the extent that commercial banks might increase their mortgage lending mainly benefiting the Middle-Income market performance.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2010.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table sets forth information regarding our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2010:
|
| Payment Due by Period |
| |||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations |
| Total |
| Less than |
| 1-3 Year |
| 3-5 Years |
| More than |
| |||||
|
| (in thousands of pesos) |
| |||||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations |
| Ps. | 12,405,812 |
| Ps. | 1,618,211 |
| Ps. | 4,595,790 |
| Ps. | 3,096,386 |
| Ps. | 3,095,425 |
|
Capital (finance) leases |
| 401,849 |
| 166,419 |
| 231,925 |
| 3,505 |
| — |
| |||||
Total debt |
| 12,807,661 |
| 1,784,630 |
| 4,827,715 |
| 3,099,891 |
| 3,095,425 |
| |||||
Estimated interest (1) |
| 5,009,787 |
| 1,051,451 |
| 1,729,193 |
| 1,052,870 |
| 1,176,273 |
| |||||
Operating leases obligations (2) |
| 167,522 |
| 67,977 |
| 80,077 |
| 19,468 |
| — |
| |||||
Land suppliers |
| 819,582 |
| 778,141 |
| 41,441 |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Total |
| Ps. | 18,804,552 |
| Ps. | 3,682,199 |
| Ps. | 6,678,426 |
| Ps. | 4,172,229 |
| Ps. | 4,271,698 |
|
(1) | In estimating interest expense we used the applicable rate (see debt table in “—Liquidity and Capital Resources”) as of December 31, 2010. |
|
|
(2) | Operating leases are calculated in the nominal bases or future cash flows at the rate as of December 31, 2010. |
Contractual obligations increased by 16.7% from Ps.16,114,750 as of December 31, 2009 to Ps.18,804,551 as of December 31, 2010. This change was mainly due to working capital requirements.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS)
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2010 are described below:
Interpretation to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (IMFRS) 14, Construction, Sales and Services Agreements related to Real Estate
In December 2008 IMFRS 14 was issued by the Consejo Mexicano de Normas de la Información Financiera, A.C. (the Mexican Financial Information Standards Board or “CINIF”) to complement Bulletin’s D-7, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.
Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company stopped recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company began to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition will then more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” (or the “deposit accounting method”) in which revenues, costs and expenses should be recognized, when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
· the Company has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership;
· the Company does not retain any continued participation of the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;
· the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;
· it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and
· the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.
The above conditions are typically met upon the completion of construction, and signing by the Company, the customer and (if applicable) the lender the legal contracts and deeds of ownership (escritura) over the property. At that time, the customer would have the legal right to take possession of the home.
This Interpretation was adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with these 2010 consolidated financial statements as required by MFRS B-1 Accounting Changes and Error Corrections. The application of IMFRS 14 to the consolidated financial statements had the following effects with respect to the year ended December 31, 2009 consolidated balance sheet.
|
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash) |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
|
Trade accounts receivable |
| 13,038,211 |
| (12,518,737 | ) | 519,474 |
| |||
Inventories and land held for development |
| 14,919,763 |
| 8,949,784 |
| 23,869,547 |
| |||
Property and equipment |
| 1,110,582 |
| — |
| 1,110,582 |
| |||
Other assets |
| 2,245,192 |
| 225,337 |
| 2,470,529 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Total assets |
| Ps. | 34,565,164 |
| Ps. | (3,343,616 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Liabilities and equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current liabilities |
| 6,383,019 |
| (33,400 | ) | 6,349,619 |
| |||
Long-term liabilities |
| 10,006,772 |
| — |
| 10,006,772 |
| |||
Deferred income taxes |
| 4,952,410 |
| (993,065 | ) | 3,959,345 |
| |||
Equity |
| 13,222,963 |
| (2,317,151 | ) | 10,905,812 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Total liabilities and equity |
| Ps. | 34,565,164 |
| Ps. | (3,343,616 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
The application of IMFRS 14 to the consolidated financial statements had the following effects with respect to the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 consolidated statements of income:
For the year ended December 31, |
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 19,425,182 |
| Ps. | (1,948,693 | ) | Ps. | 17,476,489 |
|
Costs |
| 13,748,416 |
| (1,462,580 | ) | 12,285,836 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,676,766 |
| (486,113 | ) | 5,190,653 |
| |||
Operating income |
| 3,170,010 |
| (451,037 | ) | 2,718,973 |
| |||
Income before income taxes |
| 3,012,919 |
| (437,137 | ) | 2,575,782 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 1,182,992 |
| (188,603 | ) | 994,389 |
| |||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,829,927 |
| Ps. | (248,534 | ) | Ps. | 1,581,393 |
|
For the year ended December 31, |
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 18,850,496 |
| Ps. | (4,124,668 | ) | Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Costs |
| 13,473,257 |
| (3,116,928 | ) | 10,356,329 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,377,239 |
| (1,007,740 | ) | 4,369,499 |
| |||
Operating income |
| 2,999,593 |
| (933,496 | ) | 2,066,097 |
| |||
Income before income taxes |
| 2,331,182 |
| (913,996 | ) | 1,417,186 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 712,175 |
| (255,919 | ) | 456,256 |
| |||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,619,007 |
| Ps. | (658,077 | ) | Ps. | 960,930 |
|
Basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) of controlling interest before IMFRS 14 adjustments for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were Ps.5.50 and Ps. 4.72, respectively; after IMFRS adjustments EPS were Ps. 4.68 and Ps. 2.77, for the same periods, respectively.
The application of IMFRS 14 did not have significant effects on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, except for the presentation of the following items related to the operating activities: income before income tax, trade accounts receivable, inventories and land held for future developments, prepaid expenses and other assets and trade accounts payable.
MFRS C-1, Cash and cash equivalents
Mexican FRS C-1 was issued by the CINIF in November 2009 to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-1, Cash, and is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2010. The main differences between Mexican FRS C-1 and Mexican accounting Bulletin C-1 lie in the presentation of restricted cash and the substitution of the term “short-term investments” by the new term “liquid investments”, which are those investments whose maturities do not exceed three months.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have significant effects on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, except for the reclassification of restricted cash to cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 (see Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements).
IMFRS 19, Changes derived from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
On August 31, 2010, CINIF issued Interpretation to Mexican FRS 19, Changes derived from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) which became effective for financial statements issued on or after September 30, 2010 and requires the disclosures that must be made in the notes to the financial statements prepared under MFRS prior to the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. Since the Company is listed in the Mexican Stock Exchange it has the obligation to prepare and present its financial information under IFRS beginning 2012. The accounts that might have impact are: property and equipment, deferred taxes, labor obligations and equity.
At the date of the financial statements the Company is in the process of evaluating the effects that the adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2009 are described below:
MFRS B-7, Business Acquisitions
This MFRS substitutes Bulletin B-7 Business Acquisitions and was issued by the CINIF to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-7 Business Acquisitions. This standard establishes general rules for the initial recognition of net assets, non-controlling interests and other items, as of the acquisition date.
According to this statement, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from acquisition process, should not be part of the consideration, because these expenses are not an amount being shared by the business acquired.
In addition, MFRS B-7 requires a company to recognize non-controlling interests in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date.
MFRS B-8, Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements
The CINIF issued in December 2008, MFRS B-8 Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements which replaces Mexican Bulletin B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements and describes general rules for the preparation, presentation and disclosure of consolidated and combined financial statements.
The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) this rule defines “Specific-Purpose Entity” (SPE), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over a SPE, and when a company should consolidate this type of entity; (b) addresses that potential voting rights should be analyzed when evaluating the existence of control over an entity; and (c) set new terms for “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest,” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest.”
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments
MFRS C-7 was issued by CINIF in December 2008 and describes the accounting treatment for investments in associates and “other permanent investments”, which were previously treated within Bulletin B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements. This MFRS requires the recognition of a Specific-Purpose Entity, through equity method. Also, this MFRS establishes that potential voting rights should be considered when analyzing the existence of significant influence.
In addition, this rule defines a procedure and a limit for the recognition of losses in an associate.
The adoption of this MFRS required the Company to consider the associate in Egypt as another permanent investment effective January 1, 2009, and no longer as an associate, and therefore to stop applying the equity method of accounting to this company.
MFRS C-8, Intangible Assets
This rule substitutes Bulletin C-8 Intangible Assets. The new rule defines intangible assets as non-monetary items and broadens the criteria of identification, indicating that an intangible asset must be separable; this means that such asset could be sold, transferred, or used by the entity. In addition, intangible asset arises from legal or contractual rights, whether those rights are transferable or separable from the entity.
On the other hand, this standard establishes that preoperative costs should be eliminated from the capitalized balance, affecting retained earnings, and without restating prior financial statements.
This amount should be presented as an accounting change in consolidated financial statements.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
MFRS D-8, Share-Based Payments
MFRS D-8 establishes the recognition of share-based transactions. When an entity purchases goods or pay services through share-based transactions, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. According with MFRS D-8, if share-based payments cannot be settled with equity instruments, they have to be settled using an indirect method considering MFRS D-8 parameters, and thus recorded as a liability.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
IMFRS 18, Effects on Recognition from the 2010 Tax Reform Bill in Income Taxes
On December 15, 2009 the CINIF published the Interpretation 18 of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards with the objective to provide guidance in regards to the 2010 Tax Reform Bill about the accounting recognition that should be completed in the companies’ financial statements.
This IMFRS establishes certain parameters for the recognition of changes to the new Tax Reform, mainly in regards to Income Tax rates changes, changes to the consolidation regime (fundamentally related to tax losses), losses on stock transfers, special consolidation terms, distributed dividends not from Net Tax Profit Account (CUFIN), consolidation tax benefits and differences between CUFIN. The effects of the application of IMFRS 18 are disclosed in Note 24.
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2008 are described below:
MFRS B-2, Statement of Cash Flows
In November 2007, MFRS B-2 was issued by the CINIF to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12, Statement of Changes in Financial Position. This standard establishes that the statement of changes in financial position is substituted by a statement of cash flows as part of the basic financial statements. The main differences between both statements lie in the fact that the statement of cash flows shows the entity’s cash receipts and disbursements for the period, while the statement of changes in financial position showed the changes in the entity’s financial structure rather than its cash flows. In an inflationary environment, the amounts of both financial statements are expressed in constant Mexican pesos. However, in preparing the statement of cash flows, the entity must first eliminate the effects of inflation for the period and, accordingly, determine cash flows at constant Mexican pesos, while in the statement of changes in financial position, the effects of inflation for the period were not eliminated.
MFRS B-2 establishes that in the statement of cash flows, the entity must first present cash flows derived from operating activities, then from investing activities, the sum of these activities and finally cash flows derived from financing activities. The statement of changes in financial position first shows the entity’s operating activities, then financing activities and finally its investing activities. Under this new standard, the statement of cash flows may be determined by applying the direct or indirect method.
The transitory rules of MFRS B-2 establish that the application of this standard is prospective.
MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation
In July 2007, the CINIF issued MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. MFRS B-10 defines the two economic environments in Mexico that will determine whether or not entities must recognize the effects of inflation on financial information: i) inflationary, when inflation is equal to or higher than 26%; accumulated in the preceding three fiscal years (an 8% annual average); and ii) non-inflationary, when accumulated inflation for the preceding three fiscal years is less than the aforementioned accumulated 26%. Based on these definitions, the effects of inflation on financial information must be recognized only when entities operate in an inflationary environment.
This standard also establishes the accounting rules applicable whenever the economy changes from any type of environment to another. When the economy changes from an inflationary environment to a non-inflationary one, the entity must maintain in its financial statements the effects of inflation recognized through the immediate prior year, since the amounts of prior periods are taken as the base amounts of the financial statements for the period of change and subsequent periods. Whenever the economy changes from a non-inflationary environment to an inflationary one, the effects of inflation on the financial information are recognized retrospectively, meaning that all information for prior periods must be adjusted to recognize the accumulated effects of inflation of the periods in which the economic environment was considered non-inflationary.
This standard also abolishes the use of the specific-indexation method for the valuation of imported fixed assets and the replacement-cost method for the valuation of inventories, thus eliminating the result from holding non-monetary assets.
The Interpretation 9 of MFRS establishes that comparative financial statements for years prior to 2008 must be expressed in Mexican pesos with purchasing power at December 31, 2007, which was the last date on which the effects of inflation were recognized.
The realized result from holding non-monetary assets must be reclassified to retained earnings, while the unrealized portion must be maintained as such within equity, and reclassified to results of operations when the asset giving rise to it is realized. Whenever it is deemed impractical to separate the realized from the unrealized result from holding non-monetary assets, the full amount of this item may be reclassified to the retained earnings.
The effect of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s 2008 consolidated financial statements is the Company’s ceasing to recognize the effects of inflation on its financial information; therefore no monetary result was determined. The accumulated monetary position as of December 31, 2007 that was Ps. 346,641 was reclassified to the retained earnings.
MFRS B-15, Foreign Currency Translation
MFRS B-15 incorporates the concepts of recording currency, functional currency and reporting currency, and establishes the methodology to translate financial information of a foreign entity, based on those terms. Additionally, this rule is aligned with NIF B-10, which defines translation procedures of financial information from subsidiaries that operate in inflationary and non-inflationary environments. Prior to the application of this rule, translation of financial information from foreign subsidiaries was according to inflationary environments methodology.
The Company’s foreign operations in India and Brazil were measured in accordance with this MFRS and their figures are included in the consolidated financial statements.
MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits
MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant changes contained in MFRS D-3 are as follows:
i) shorter periods for the amortization of unamortized items such as transition obligations, with the option to credit or charge actuarial gains or losses directly to results of operations, as they accrue. As further disclosed in Note 14, during 2008 the Company prospectively changed the amortization periods for its transition liability from those of 10-22 year periods in prior years, to a four year period starting in 2008, resulting in Ps. 5,559 in additional labor costs being recognized in its 2008 statement of income;
ii) elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. As further disclosed in Note 14, upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008;
iii) accounting treatment of current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing, requiring that deferred employee profit-sharing be recognized using the asset and liability method established under MFRS D-4. The Company recorded a deferred profit sharing asset of Ps. 29,667 upon adoption of MFRS D-3. That asset has been adjusted to a value of Ps. 26,606 as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 there was no deferred profit sharing.
iv) current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the income statement rather than as part of taxes on profits.
The impact of the adoption of MFRS D-3 is as indicated above.
MFRS D-4, Taxes on Profit
The CINIF also issued Mexican FRS D-4, Taxes on Profits which replaces Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 Accounting for Income Taxes, asset Tax and Employee Profit-sharing. The most significant changes attributable to MFRS D-4 are as follows:
i) | the concept of permanent differences is eliminated. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred taxes on all differences in balance sheet accounts for financial and tax reporting purposes, regardless of whether they are permanent or temporary; |
ii) | because current and deferred employee profit-sharing is now considered as an ordinary expense under MFRS D-3, it is excluded from this standard; |
iii) | asset taxes are required to be recognized as a tax credit and, consequently, as a deferred income tax asset only in those cases in which there is certainty as to its future realization; and |
iv) | the cumulative effect of adopting Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 is to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in equity not yet taken to income. |
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2011 and will come into force in 2012 are described below:
Effective in 2011:
MFRS B-5, Reporting Financial Information by Segment
This MFRS replaces MFRS B-5, Reporting Financial Information by Segment and establishes the criteria to identify the entity’s segments to disclose as well as the disclosures about those segments. In addition, establishes disclosure requirements of certain of the Entity’s information.
The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) MFRS B-5 includes a managerial approach, while previous MFRS B-5, although it referred to managerial approach, required that the information to disclose were referred to identified segments based on the products or services, geographical areas and customers homogenous groups, also requiring that information would be segregated in primary and secondary information; (b) new MFRS does not require that business areas are subject to different risks amongst them, in order to qualify as operative segments, while previous MFRS B-5 did; (c) in accordance with new MFRS B-5, business areas in development stage could be catalogued as operative segment, while previous MFRS B-5 required operative segments to generate revenues; (d) MFRS B-5 requires to disclose by segments income interest and interest expense, as well as other comprehensive financial cost items, while previous MFRS B-5 did not require this information; and (e) MFRS B-5 requires to disclose the amounts of liabilities that are included in the usual information of an operative segment that the Company normally uses to make decisions, while previous MFRS B-5 did not require this and let management the option to do so or not.
MFRS C-4, Inventories
In November 2010, the CINIF issued MFRC C-4, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or January 1, 2011 and will replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-4, Inventories. Any accounting changes resulting from the adoption of this standard related to changes in the formula for assigning inventory costs are to be recognized retrospectively. Changes in valuation methods must be recognized prospectively.
The principal difference between Mexican accounting Bulletin C-4 and MFRS C-4 is that the new standard does not allow using direct costs as the inventory valuation method nor does it allow using the LIFO cost method as the formulas (former method) for the assignment of unit cost the inventories. MFRS C-4 established that inventories must be valued at the lower of either acquisition cost or net realizable value. Such standard also establishes that advances to suppliers for the acquisition of merchandise must be classified as inventories provided the risks and benefits are transferred to the Company. Lastly, MFRS C-4 includes guidelines for the valuation of the inventories of service suppliers.
At the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements, the Company is in the process of determining the effects of the adoption of this new standard on its financial information.
MFRS C-5, Prepaid Expenses
In November 2010, the CINIF issued MFRS C-5, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011.
MFRS C-5 will replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-5. Any accounting changes resulting from the adoption of this standard must be recognized retrospectively.
This standard establishes that the main characteristic of a prepaid expense is that it does not result in the transfer to the entity of the benefits and risks inherent to the goods or services to be received. Consequently, prepaid expenses must be recognized in the balance sheet as either current or non-current assets, depending on the item classification in the statement of financial position. Moreover, MFRS C-5 establishes that prepaid expenses made for good or services whose inherent benefits and risks have already been transferred to the entity must be carried to the appropriate caption.
At the date of issuance of the financial statements, the Company is in the process of determining the effects of the adoption of this new standard on its consolidated financial information.
MFRS C-6, Property, Plant and Equipment
MFRS C-6 was issued by the CINIF in December 2010 to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, Property, Machinery and Equipment, and will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, except for the changes related to the segregation of property, plant and equipment into separate components for those assets with different useful lives. For entities that have not performed this component segregation, the provisions of this new standard will be effective as of January 1, 2012.
Unlike Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, the scope of this standard includes the accounting treatment for assets to develop or maintain biological assets and assets related to the mining industry. Among other points, it establishes that for acquisitions of free-of-charge assets, the cost of the assets must be null, thus eliminating the option of performing appraisals. In the case of asset exchanges, MFRS C-6 requires entities to determine the commercial substance of the transaction. The depreciation of these assets must be applied against the components of the assets, and the amount to be depreciated is the cost of acquisition less the asset’s residual value. Prepaid expenses for the acquisition of assets are to be recognized as a component of the asset as of the time the benefits and risks inherent to such assets are transferred. In the case of retirement of assets, income is recognized when the requirements for income recognition outlined under the standard have been met. MFRS C-6 also outlines specific disclosures for public entities.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the effects that the adoption of these new standards will have on its consolidated financial statements.
Effective in 2012:
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
On January 27, 2009 the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores or CNBV) established through the Federation Official Gazette the requirements for the listed companies to prepare and reveal their financial information under IFRS beginning the year 2012. Likewise it was specified that early adoption for the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 is allowed.
The Company will begin to prepare and present its financial information under IFRS effective January 1, 2012.
U.S. GAAP
The United States Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) released the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or “ASC” for short, on January 15, 2008 and it became effective in the summer of 2009. At that time all previous US GAAP reference sources became obsolete. The ASC organizes thousands of U.S. GAAP pronouncements under approximately 90 accounting topic areas. The objective of this project was to arrive at a single source of authoritative U.S. accounting and reporting standards, other than guidance issued by the SEC. Below are references to various ASC’s, and their former US GAAP references.
The most relevant US GAAP standards that became effective for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010 are described below:
Effective in 2010:
No significant US GAAP standards were initially adopted in 2010.
Effective in 2009:
ASC 810.10 (formerly FAS 160)
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“FAS 160”). FAS 160 was codified as a component of ASC 810.10. ASC 810.10 requires non-controlling interests held by parties other than the parent in subsidiaries to be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity.
This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company’s US GAAP financial information included in Note 28 has been retrospectively adjusted for all periods to reflect the adoption of ASC 810.10.
ASC 805.10 (formerly FAS 141 (R))
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“FAS 141 (R)”). FAS 141 (R) was a revision of FAS 141 and was codified as a component of ASC 805.10. This new guidance requires that costs incurred to effect the acquisition (i.e., acquisition-related cost) be recognized separately from the acquisition. In addition, restructuring costs that the acquirer expected but was not obligated to incur, which included changes to benefit plans, were recognized as if they were a liability assumed at the acquisition date. This new guidance requires the acquirer to recognize those costs separately from the business combination. This new guidance is effective for the Company in 2009, and did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, primarily as no acquisitions occurred during the year.
ASC 815.10 (formerly FAS 161)
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“FAS 161”). FAS 161 was codified as a component of ASC 815.10. This new guidance requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivatives and hedging activities to improve the transparency of financial reporting. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. This new guidance increases year end disclosures but did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
ASC 350.10 (formerly FSP FAS 142-3)
In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 was codified as a component of ASC 350. This new guidance amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset. The new guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. This pronouncement did not have any impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operation.
ASC 323.10 (formerly EITF 08-6)
In November 2008, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations.” EITF 08-6 was codified as a component of ASC 323.10. This new guidance provides guidance on the application of the equity method. It states equity-method investments should be recognized using a cost accumulation model. Also, it requires that equity method investments as a whole be assessed for other-than-temporary impairments. This new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for transactions in an investee’s shares occurring or impairments recognized in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. During the years ended December 31, 2009, the Company’s equity method investments did not represent a significant component of its operations. Accordingly, the adoption of this EITF did not have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
ASC 350.30 (formerly EITF 08-7)
In November 2008, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF 08-7 “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets.” EITF 08-7 was codified as a component of ASC 350.30. This new guidance provides that intangible assets that an acquirer intends to use as defensive assets, intangible assets acquired in a business combination or an asset acquisition that an entity does not intend to actively use but does intend to prevent others from using, are a separate unit of account from the existing intangible assets of the acquirer. It also states that a defensive intangible asset should be amortized over the period that fair value of the defensive intangible asset diminishes. This new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for transactions occurring in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. This new guidance did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
ASC 855 (formerly FAS 165)
In May 2009, the FASB issued ASC 855, “Subsequent Events.” ASC 855 establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. In particular, ASC 855 sets forth (1) the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, (2) the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements and (3) the disclosures that an entity should make about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date. In accordance with ASC 855, an entity should apply the requirements to annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009. Subsequent events have been considered through the financial statements approval date specified in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.
Effective in 2008:
ASC 820.10 (formerly FAS 157)
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurement.” SFAS No. 157 was codified as a component of ASC 820.10. This guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for the measurement of fair value, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. The statement does not require any new fair value measures.
The statement is effective for fair value measures already required or permitted by other standards for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and it is required to be applied prospectively, except for certain financial instruments. Any transition adjustment will be recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption. When adopted in 2008, this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations at adoption.
ASC 820.10 (formerly FSP 157-3)
In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Assets When the Market of that Asset is not Active” (“FSP 157-3”). FSP 157-3 was codified as a component of ASC 820.10. This new guidance provides an example that clarifies and reiterates certain provisions of the existing fair value standard, including basing fair value on orderly transactions and usage of management and broker inputs. This new guidance was effective immediately and did not have a material impact on financial position or results of operations of the Company.
ASC 825.10 (formerly FAS 159)
In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (the “Statement” or “Statement 159”). FAS 159 was codified as a component of ASC 825.10. This guidance allows entities to voluntarily choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities (as well as certain nonfinancial instruments that are similar to financial instruments) at fair value (the “fair value option,” or “FVO”). The election is made on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, the Statement specifies that all subsequent changes in fair value for that instrument shall be reported in earnings (or another performance indicator for entities such as not-for-profit organizations that do not report earnings).
The fair value option will mitigate some of the volatility in reported earnings that results from the use of different measurement attributes to account for financial assets and financial liabilities. By electing the fair value option, an entity can achieve consistent accounting for related assets and liabilities without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions.
Statement 159 requires extensive disclosures whose primary objective is to facilitate comparison among entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar assets and liabilities, as well as, comparison of similar assets and liabilities for which an individual entity selects different measurement attributes.
The Statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007 (January 1, 2008 for the Company). The Company did not elect the Fair Value Option for any of its financial assets or liabilities, and therefore, the adoption of ASC 825.10 in 2008 had no impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows at adoption.
ITEM 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our board of directors currently consists of nine members and is responsible for managing our business. Each director is elected for a term of one year or until a successor has been appointed. Our board of directors meets quarterly. Pursuant to Mexican law, at least 25% of the members of the board of directors must be independent, as such term is defined by the Mexican Securities Market Law. As required by New York Stock Exchange regulations, a majority of the members of our board of directors are independent.
As of the date of this annual report, the members of our board of directors are as follows:
Name |
| Born |
| Position |
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 1961 |
| Chairman |
Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 1968 |
| Chief Executive Officer |
José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 1964 |
| Director |
Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack |
| 1960 |
| Director |
Z. Jamie Behar |
| 1957 |
| Director |
Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada |
| 1941 |
| Director |
Edward Lowenthal |
| 1944 |
| Director |
Rafael Matute Labrador |
| 1960 |
| Director |
Dennis G. Lopez |
| 1954 |
| Director |
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez is Chairman of Homex’s Board of Directors. Before co-founding our predecessor in 1989, Mr. de Nicolás founded and managed DENIVE, a clothing manufacturing company. Mr. de Nicolás has been a Board Member of the Mexican Stock Exchange since 2005, and has served as regional Chairman and regional Vice Chairman of the Mexican Chamber of Industrial Housing Promoters and Development, or CANADEVI (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de Vivienda) and as a member of the regional advisory board of financial institutions such as BBVA Bancomer, Banamex, HSBC (formerly BITAL) and IPADE Business School. Currently, Mr. de Nicolás oversees our main operations, focusing on land acquisition and developing new geographical markets.
Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Mr. de Nicolás served as Chief Strategic Officer and head of the Executive Committee from October 2006 to June 5, 2007. Mr. de Nicolás also served as the CEO of the Company from 1997 to September 2006. Prior to his appointment as CEO, Mr. de Nicolás served as regional manager, systems manager, and construction manager and supervisor. He holds an undergraduate degree in industrial engineering from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City and an MBA from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey in Guadalajara.
José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Nico Commodities S.A. de C.V. a global food trading company.Mr. de Nicolás served as Minister of Economic Development for the State Government of Sinaloa from June 2007 to December, 2010. Mr. de Nicolás was founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V., a sofol that became the third largest mortgage bank in Mexico from 1997 to 2007. Mr. de Nicolás also cofounded Homex and served as CEO from 1989 to 1997. Mr. de Nicolás is a member of the regional advisory board of NAFINSA, a Mexican government owned development bank. He is also member of the Board of Directors of Afore Coppel, a retirement fund administrator. In addition Mr. de Nicolás founded and was chairman of a non-profit organization for social assistance in the state of Sinaloa from 2002 to 2005. Mr. de Nicolás received a B.S. in finance and administration from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City.
Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack, is Co-founding Partner and Senior Managing Director of Nexxus Capital, S.A. He has more than 20 years of experience in investment banking and private equity. Before founding Nexxus Capital, Mr. Harvey held positions at Grupo Bursatil Mexicano, Fonlyser, Operadora de Bolsa, and Servicios Industriales Peñoles S.A. de C.V. His experience includes several private and public equity transactions and initial public offerings of several major Mexican corporations on the Mexican Stock Exchange (“BMV”) and international capital markets. Mr. Harvey is a member of the boards of directors of Nexxus Capital, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Sports World, S.A.B de C.V., Genomma Lab Internacional, S.A.B. de C.V., Harmon Hall Holding, S.D.R.L. de C.V., Crédito Real S.A. de C.V. SOFOM, E.N.R., Estudios Clínicos TJ Oriard and Grupo Hotelero Santa Fe, S.A. de C.V., among others. Mr. Harvey is also member of the investment committees of ZN México II, L.P., Nexxus Capital Private Equity Fund III, Nexxus Capital IV and Nexxus Capital Private Equity Fund V. Mr. Harvey received a B.S. in economics from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (“ITAM”) and an MBA with a concentration in finance from the University of Texas at Austin.
Z. Jamie Behar is Managing Director, Real Estate & Alternative Investments, for General Motors Investment Management Corporation (“GMIMCo”). She manages GMIMCo clients’ real estate investment portfolios, including private market and publicly-traded securities investments, as well as their alternative investment portfolios, totaling approximately US$9.0 billion. Ms. Behar is a member of the Boards of Directors of Sunstone Hotel Investors, Inc., a publicly listed hotel Company operating in the United States, and the Pension Real Estate Association (PREA), and serves on the advisory boards of several domestic and international private real estate investment entities.
Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada is CFO of Qualitas Cía. de Seguros, S.A.B de C.V., a Mexican insurance Company. Mr. Castillo is a member of the Board of Directors of Qualitas Compañía de Seguros, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Sports World S.A.B. de C. V., Banco Autofin México S.A., Institución de Banca Múltiple, Afianzadora Insurgentes, S.A. de C.V. and Afianzadora Aserta, S.A. de C.V.
Edward Lowenthal is President of Ackerman Management LLC, an investment management and advisory Company with particular focus on real estate and other asset-based investments. Previously, Mr. Lowenthal founded and was President of Wellsford Real Properties, Inc., or WRP, a publicly-owned real estate merchant banking Company now that merged with Reis, Inc., a real estate market information and analytics provider. He also founded and was trustee and President of Wellsford Residential Property Trust, a publicly-owned multi-family real estate investment trust that was merged into Equity Residential Properties Trust. Mr. Lowenthal is a member of the Board of Directors of several companies, including, Reis, Inc., where he is non-executive Chairman of the Board, Omega Healthcare Investors, Inc., a healthcare real estate investment trust and American Campus Communities, a publicly traded Real Estate Investment Trust which focuses solely on student housing in the United States. He also serves as non-executive Chairman of Tiburon Lockers, Inc., a privately held owner-operator of rental storage lockers for transportation, entertainment, sports and other venues.
Rafael Matute Labrador is Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer of Wal-Mart de Mexico. He has been a member of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors for Walmex since 1998; Mr. Matute is also a member of the Board of Directors for Banco Wal-Mart de México and Wal-Mart Foundation. He has also been member of Consultative Boards for Banorte, Banamex/Citibank; and NAFINSA. He has an MBA from the Instituto de Estudios Superiores de la Empresa (IESE), in Barcelona, Spain. He studied Management at IMD in Lausanne, Switzerland and at Chicago University (GSB).
Dennis G. Lopez is the Chief Investment Officer of Paris based AXA Real Estate, the second largest Global Real Estate Investment Manager with over US$55 billion of property assets under management. Mr. Lopez is responsible for AXA Real Estate’s Fund Management activities overseeing a team of 110 fund management professionals. The funds comprise a broad range of real estate investment strategies including: opportunistic, value added, core-plus, core, development properties, listed funds, regulated funds and separate accounts. Previously, Mr. Lopez was CEO of SUN Group, a private equity firm focused on real estate activities in India and Russia. Mr. Lopez had a career of over 25 years in Investment Banking and Real Estate Investment Management, where he has occupied senior positions as Global Head of Real Estate at Cambridge Place Investment Management, a London based hedge fund, and as a Managing Director at JP Morgan in New York and London. Mr. Lopez received his MBA from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA).
Secretary
The secretary of the board of directors is Jaime Cortés Rocha, who is not a member of the board of directors.
Audit Committee
Our Audit Committee consists of Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada (Chairman), Edward Lowenthal and Z. Jamie Behar. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Castillo has the attributes of an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC and that each member of the Audit Committee satisfies the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Our statutory auditor may attend Audit Committee meetings, although he does not have the right to vote. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee issues opinions to the board of directors regarding related party transactions; where if it deems appropriate, it recommends that independent experts be retained to render fairness opinions in connection with related party transactions and tender offers; reviews the critical accounting policies adopted by us and advises the board of directors on changes to such policies; assists the board of directors with planning and conducting internal audits; and prepares a yearly activity report for submission to the board of directors. The committee is also responsible for the appointment, retention, and oversight of the external auditing firm.
Executive Committee
Our Executive Committee consists of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Edward Lowenthal, Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack and Rafael Matute Labrador. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee acts on general planning and financial matters not reserved exclusively for action by the board of directors, including appointing and removing our CEO, members of management, and any of our employees; entering into credit agreements on our behalf; and convening shareholders’ meetings.
Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee
Our Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee consists of Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack and Edward Lowenthal. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee identifies individuals qualified to become Board Members and makes recommendations to the board of directors and shareholders regarding director nominees; develops and recommends to the board of directors a set of corporate governance principles applicable to the company; and oversees the evaluation of the Board and management. The committee also reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relevant to CEO compensation; evaluates the CEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives; determines and approves the CEO’s compensation level based on this evaluation; and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to non-CEO compensation, incentive-compensation plans and equity-based plans.
Risk Management Committee
Our Risk Management Committee consists of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Edward Lowenthal, Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack, Rafael Matute Labrador, and Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada. The committee reviews and approves the Company’s activities related to entering into hedging instruments. The committee also identifies and assesses other business risks associated with the Company’s operations.
Disclosure Committee
Our disclosure committee as approved by the board of directors is comprised of the Company’s top executives. This committee is chaired by the Investor Relations Officer and is comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Manager of Financial Reporting, and the Administrative and Accounting Officer and the General Counsel. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee establishes the criteria to identify relevant information and reviews before publishing all documents that are to be presented to the general public as well as to market analysts.
Ethics Committee
Our ethics committee, as approved by the board of directors is comprised of the Company’s top executives. This committee is comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, the Executive Director of Human Resources and Corporate Responsibility, the General Counsel, the Executive Director of Internal Control and an external counsel. Among other functions, the committee acts to ensure that the Company complies with its code of ethics and determines the sanctions if certain actions are considered to be not in compliance therewith. The Committee also receives and processes complaints from the Company’s personnel.
Senior Management
As of the date of this annual report, our senior management is as follows:
Name |
| Born |
| Position |
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 1961 |
| Chairman |
Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 1968 |
| Chief Executive Officer |
Carlos Moctezuma Velasco |
| 1965 |
| Chief Financial Officer |
Ramón Lafarga Bátiz |
| 1960 |
| Administrative and Accounting Officer |
Ana Cristina Herrera-Lasso Espinosa |
| 1964 |
| Vice President of Human Resources and Social Responsibility |
Rubén Izábal Gonz��lez |
| 1968 |
| Vice President—Construction |
Alberto Menchaca Valenzuela |
| 1969 |
| Vice President—Mexico Division |
Monica Lafaire Cruz |
| 1964 |
| Vice President—Sales and Marketing |
Alberto Urquiza Quiroz |
| 1962 |
| Vice President—International Division |
Carolina Silva Sánchez |
| 1981 |
| Vice President—Tourism Division |
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez is Chairman of Homex’s Board of Directors. Before co-founding our predecessor in 1989, Mr. de Nicolás founded and managed DENIVE, a clothing manufacturing company. Mr. de Nicolás has been a Board Member of the Mexican Stock Exchange since 2005, and has served as regional Chairman and regional Vice Chairman of the Mexican Chamber of Industrial Housing Promoters and Development, or CANADEVI (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de Vivienda) and as a member of the regional advisory board of financial institutions such as BBVA Bancomer, Banamex, HSBC (formerly BITAL) and IPADE Business School. Currently, Mr. de Nicolás oversees our main operations, focusing on land acquisition and developing new geographical markets.
Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Mr. de Nicolás served as Chief Strategic Officer and head of the Executive Committee from October 2006 to June 5, 2007. Mr. de Nicolás also served as the CEO of the Company from 1997 to September 2006. Prior to his appointment as CEO, Mr. de Nicolás served as regional manager, systems manager, and construction manager and supervisor. He holds an undergraduate degree in industrial engineering from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City and an MBA from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey in Guadalajara.
Carlos Moctezuma Velasco is Homex’s Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Moctezuma had served as Investor Relations Officer since April, 2004. Mr. Moctezuma was appointed Director of Strategic Planning for the Company in December of 2007. Prior to joining Homex, Mr. Moctezuma served as Senior Manager of Finance and Investor Relations Officer in Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V., a publicly traded Mexican wireless telecommunications company that was formerly a subsidiary of Verizon Communications. From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Moctezuma held various finance-related positions in Tubos de Acero de Mexico, S.A., including Manager of Investor Relations. Mr. Moctezuma is former President and co-founder of the Mexican Investor Relations Association (AMERI), having held various positions there from 2002 through 2008.
Ramón Lafarga Bátiz has been the Administrative and Accounting Officer of Homex since June 2007. Prior to this position, Mr. Lafarga served as Administrative Vice President from 1993 to 2006. His prior experience includes serving as CEO and partner in Lafarga Bátiz, Contadores Públicos, a public accounting firm, and partner and CEO of a private company specializing in computer equipment.
Ana Cristina Herrera-Lasso Espinosa has been Vice President of Human Resources and Corporate Social Responsibility since March, 2011. Ms. Herrera Lasso has worked in Human Capital Development at Homex since 2008. Prior to 2008, Cristina was Human Resources Director at Ferrero’s Group for 10 years, working in Mexico and in Europe where she oversaw the management and development of talent for more than 50 countries with a particular focus on emerging markets: South America, Africa and Asia. Ms. Herrera Lasso has worked in the banking sector, as well including positions with Banca Promex and HSBC and in retail, including Walmart Group. She holds an undergraduate degree in business administration from Universidad Anahuac in Mexico City, and a postgraduate in Finance from ITAM.
Rubén Izábal González has served as Vice President—Construction since 1997. Prior to joining Homex, Mr. Izabal served at different construction companies, including Gomez y Gonzales Constructores, Provisur S.A. de C.V., Promotoria de Vivienda del Pacifico, S.A. de C.V., and Constructor Giza, S.A. de C.V. Currently, Mr. Izabal oversees our construction operations, with a focus on the homebuilding process. Mr. Izabal earned an undergraduate degree in architecture from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores del Occidente in Guadalajara, Jalisco. Mr. Izabal also earned an associate degree in Business Management from Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.
Alberto Menchaca Valenzuela has served as Vice President—Mexico Division since January 2010. Prior to becoming Vice President—Mexico Division, Mr. Menchaca served as Vice President—Affordable Entry-Level division and as Chief Operations Officer from 2007 to 2009, as Vice President—Operations from 2000 to 2006 and as finance manager from 1996 to 2000. His prior experience includes work at Banco Mexicano, InverMexico and Banca Confia. Mr. Menchaca earned an undergraduate degree in agricultural engineering from Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro in Saltillo, Coahuila.
Mónica Lafaire Cruz has served as Vice President—Sales and Marketing since March 2011. Mónica Lafaire has served as director of Homex’s regional offices and manager of the trust Homex—Nafin. She was also responsible for implementing the supply chain program with NAFINSA. Besides her work at Homex, she taught finance, philosophy and management at Universidad Panamericana. Mónica Lafaire has a degree in business administration from La Salle University.
Alberto Urquiza Quiroz serves as Vice President—International Division. Mr. Urquiza also served as Vice president of NAFINSA, a Mexican development bank for five years, where he held several positions including Government Banking VP, Business Development VP and Mexico City Metropolitan Area VP. Prior thereto Mr. Alberto worked in Bancomer, one of the biggest banks in Mexico, for more than 15 years as Government Banking VP, Corporate Banking VP and Finance Engineer. He also owns a software company. He holds an undergraduate degree in business administration from Universidad Iberoamericana in Mexico City, an MBA from IPADE Business School and a postgraduate in Finance from ITAM.
Carolina Silva Sánchez has been the Vice President of Homex’s Tourism Division since February 2011. Prior to being appointed as Vice President of Homex’s Tourism Division, Mrs. Silva served as Corporate Affairs Officer directly reporting to Homex’s CEO from February 2005 to January 2011. Mrs. Silva has a degree in International Commerce from Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.
Compensation of Directors and Senior Management
Each member of the board of directors is paid a fee of US$12,500 for each board meeting that he or she attends, subject to an annual cap of US$50,000. In addition, members of the audit committee are also paid an annual compensation fee of US$25,000 (the chairman of the audit committee’s annual compensation is US$35,000 and members of the executive, corporate governance and compensation committees are paid an annual fee of US$5,000).
For 2010, the aggregate amount of compensation net of taxes paid to all directors, alternate directors and committee members was approximately US$620,511, which includes US$161,761 of variable compensation for directors paid during the second quarter of 2010.
For 2010, no compensation was paid to executive officers through the Long Term Executives Stock Option Plan.
We offer a bonus plan to our directors and senior management that is based on individual performance and our results of operations. This variable compensation can range from 30% to 50% of annual base compensation, depending on the employee’s level.
Since late 2007, we offer a stock option plan as an incentive to key executives of the Company. The shares for the stock option plan for executives (999,200 shares) were repurchased by the Company, through a trust especially created for this purpose. In 2007, 978,298 stock options were granted to the key executives at an exercise price of greater than the market value at the grant date of Ps.98.08. During 2008, a total of 29,929 options were exercised, and 335,853 options were cancelled upon departure of the related employees. In addition, during 2009 the Company increased the stock option plan by approving the issuance of 73,232 additional stock options and granted 321,549 options at an exercise price of Ps. 43.54. None of our executives own more than 1% of stock. During 2010 the Company did not increase any of its stock options plan; however a total of 126,691 stock options were exercised. While 612,516 were forfeited as the right to be exercised concluded on that date.
The executives have the right to exercise one-third of their total options granted per year. The right to exercise the option expired after one year from the grant date or, in some cases, after 180 days from the departure of the executive from the Company.
On October 27, 2009, certain modifications to the plan were made, as a result, the plan changed from a cash settled award to an equity settlement award.
The average fair value of all the stock options granted was Ps.39.30, Ps.15.63, and Ps.6.02 per stock option, as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Compensation cost related to vested stock option awards not yet recognized was Ps.4,212 at December 31, 2010. Compensation cost related to vested stock option awards totaled Ps. 10,638 at December 31, 2009. Total compensation cost related to vested stock option awards not yet recognized was Ps.3,687 at December 31, 2008, respectively.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2010 we had a total of approximately 23,085 employees, of whom 20,757 were employed in Mexico, 51 were employed in India and 2,277 in Brazil. Our total employees for the years ended 2009 and 2008 were 12,295 and 17,280, respectively. Of our total employees as of December 31, 2010, approximately 51% were white-collar and 49% were blue-collar.
Share Ownership
The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by our directors and senior management as of the date of this annual report. The table includes only those individuals who hold more than one percent of the outstanding shares of our capital stock.
Name |
| Number of |
| Percentage of |
|
Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 29,553,998 |
| 8.80 | % |
Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 28,076,298 |
| 8.36 | % |
José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 29,115,182 |
| 8.67 | % |
Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez |
| 22,165,499 |
| 6.60 | % |
ITEM 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS
As of December 31, 2010, there were 335,069,167 common shares issued and outstanding, with 169,680,498 shares held in the United States in the form of American Depositary Shares by six record holders. The remaining shares were held through Mexican custodians. Because certain of the shares are held by nominees, the number of record holders may not be representative of the number of beneficial holders.
On February 5, 2008, the de Nicolás family acquired 17,142,857 common shares of Homex from EIP in a private transaction. On April 25, 2008, pursuant to the investment policies of EIP’s investment fund, EIP sold approximately 11 million common shares of Homex in a private transaction. As of March 31, 2009, EIP had an ownership equivalent to 0.97% of the Company’s common shares. As of December 31, 2010, had no ownership interest of the Company’s common shares. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—History and Development—Our Relationship with Equity International Properties, Ltd.”
The de Nicolás family now holds 35.1% of Homex’s capital. The public float remains below 64.9%.
The table below sets forth information concerning the percentage of our capital stock owned by any person known to us to be the owner of 5% or more of any class of our voting securities, our directors and officers as a group and our other shareholders as of June 29, 2011. The Company’s major shareholders do not have different or preferential voting rights with respect to the shares they own.
|
| As of June 29, 2011 |
| ||
Identity of Shareholder |
| Number of Shares |
| % of Share Capital |
|
de Nicolás family(1) |
| 117,777,176 |
| 35.1 | % |
Total(2) |
| 335,869,550 |
| 100.0 | % |
(1) | Held by Ixe Banco, S.A. as trustee of Trust No. F/466 for the benefit of the de Nicolás family, including Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez and Ana Luz de Nicolás Gutiérrez. Voting and dispositive control over these shares is directed by a Technical Committee comprised of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez and Juan Carlos Torres Cisneros. |
|
|
(2) | Includes public shareholders that in the aggregate hold 64.9% of our share capital. |
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We have engaged, and in the future may engage, in transactions with our shareholders and companies affiliated with our shareholders. We believe that the transactions in which we have engaged with these parties have been made on terms that are no less favorable to us than those that could be obtained from unrelated third parties. We currently require that transactions with our shareholders and companies affiliated with our shareholders be approved by our board of directors after considering the recommendation of our audit committee or our corporate governance and compensation committee and, in certain cases, after an independent fairness opinion, as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law and other applicable laws.
Financing to Related Parties
No related party financing transactions were reported in 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Land Purchases from Related Parties
No related party land purchase transactions were reported in 2010, 2009 and 2008.
ITEM 8. Financial Information.
See “Item 18. Financial Statements.” For information on our dividend policy, see “Item 3. Key Information—Dividends.” For information on legal proceedings related to us, see “—Legal Proceedings.”
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
As of the date of this annual report, we are involved in certain legal proceedings incidental to the normal operation of our business. We do not believe that liabilities resulting from these proceedings are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flow, or results of operations.
ITEM 9. The Offer and Listing.
Our common shares have been traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C.V.) since June 29, 2004. The ADSs, each representing six common shares, have been trading on the New York Stock Exchange since June 29, 2004. On December 31, 2010, there were 335,069,167 outstanding common shares (of which 169,680,498 were represented by 28,280,083 ADSs held by six holders of record in the United States).
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the quarterly and monthly high and low closing sale prices of our common shares and ADSs as reported by the Mexican Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, respectively.
|
| Mexican Stock Exchange |
| NYSE |
| ||||
|
| High |
| Low |
| High |
| Low |
|
|
| (Ps.per share) |
| (US $ per ADS) |
| ||||
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st Quarter |
| 112.90 |
| 84.11 |
| 62.80 |
| 45.99 |
|
2nd Quarter |
| 120.10 |
| 100.49 |
| 69.85 |
| 58.58 |
|
3rd Quarter |
| 103.04 |
| 74.92 |
| 60.84 |
| 41.41 |
|
4th Quarter |
| 77.60 |
| 27.17 |
| 42.51 |
| 12.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st Quarter |
| 56.78 |
| 26.06 |
| 25.55 |
| 10.05 |
|
2nd Quarter |
| 65.83 |
| 33.58 |
| 29.21 |
| 14.54 |
|
3rd Quarter |
| 89.75 |
| 60.23 |
| 40.39 |
| 26.69 |
|
4th Quarter |
| 95.59 |
| 69.29 |
| 43.81 |
| 31.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st Quarter |
| 77.51 |
| 54.13 |
| 36.63 |
| 26.08 |
|
2nd Quarter |
| 64.70 |
| 52.23 |
| 31.83 |
| 24.05 |
|
3rd Quarter |
| 68.02 |
| 54.71 |
| 32.37 |
| 25.17 |
|
4th Quarter |
| 72.84 |
| 67.47 |
| 35.74 |
| 32.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January |
| 70.00 |
| 61.66 |
| 34.01 |
| 30.49 |
|
February |
| 65.54 |
| 55.10 |
| 32.26 |
| 27.23 |
|
March |
| 54.08 |
| 50.95 |
| 27.25 |
| 25.33 |
|
April |
| 57.01 |
| 53.19 |
| 28.92 |
| 27.23 |
|
May |
| 54.20 |
| 43.52 |
| 28.23 |
| 22.44 |
|
June |
| 48.69 |
| 43.18 |
| 24.92 |
| 21.75 |
|
On June 29, 2011, the last reported sale price of the common shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange was Ps.48.69 per common share and the last reported sale price of the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange was US$24.92 per ADS.
MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE
The Mexican Stock Exchange, located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Operating continuously since 1907, the Mexican Stock Exchange is organized as a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable). Securities are traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange each business day from 8:30 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., Mexico City time.
Since January 1999, all trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange has been effected electronically. The Mexican Stock Exchange may impose a number of measures to promote an orderly and transparent trading price of securities, including the operation
of a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer when price fluctuation exceeds certain limits. The Mexican Stock Exchange may also suspend trading in shares of a particular issuer as a result of:
· non-disclosure of material events; or
· changes in the offer or demand, volume traded, or prevailing share price, that are inconsistent with the shares’ historical performance and cannot be explained through publicly available information.
The Mexican Stock Exchange may reinstate trading in suspended shares when it deems that the material events have been adequately disclosed to public investors or when it deems that the issuer has adequately explained the reasons for the changes in offer and demand, volume traded, or prevailing share price. Under current regulations, the Mexican Stock Exchange may consider the measures adopted by other stock exchanges in order to suspend and/or resume trading in an issuer’s shares in cases where the relevant securities are simultaneously traded on a stock exchange outside Mexico.
Settlement on the Mexican Stock Exchange is effected two business days after a share transaction. Deferred settlement is not permitted without the approval of the CNBV, even where mutually agreed. Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange are on deposit with the Mexican Securities Depository, or “INDEVAL” (S.D. Indeval, S.A. de C.V., Institución para el Depósito de Valores, S.A. de C.V.), a privately owned securities depositary that acts as a clearinghouse, depositary, and custodian, as well as a settlement, transfer, and registration agent for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions, eliminating the need for physical transfer of securities.
Although the Mexican Securities Market Law (Ley del Mercado de Valores) provides for the existence of an over-the-counter market, no such market for securities in Mexico has developed.
Market Regulation and Registration Standards
In 1925, the Mexican Banking Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria) was established to regulate banking activity and in 1946 the CNBV was established to regulate stock market activity. In 1995, these two entities were merged to form the CNBV. The Mexican Securities Market Law, which took effect in 1975, introduced important structural changes to the Mexican financial system, including the organization of brokerage firms as corporations (sociedades anónimas). The Mexican Securities Market Law sets standards for authorizing companies to operate as brokerage firms, which authorization is granted at the discretion of the CNBV by resolution of its board of governors. In addition to setting standards for brokerage firms, the Mexican Securities Market Law authorizes the CNBV, among other things, to regulate the public offering and trading of securities and to impose sanctions for the illegal use of insider information and other violations of the Mexican Securities Market Law. The CNBV regulates the Mexican securities market, the Mexican Stock Exchange, and brokerage firms through a board of governors composed of 13 members.
Effective June 28, 2006, the Mexican Securities Market Law requires issuers to increase the protections offered to minority shareholders and to bring corporate governance practices in line with international standards. Such protections and corporate governance practices have been incorporated to our bylaws. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors — Risk Factors Related to Mexico Our Common Shares and ADSs—Minority Shareholders Have Different Rights Against Us, Our Directors, or Our Controlling Shareholders in Mexico.”
To offer securities to the public in Mexico, an issuer must meet specific qualitative and quantitative requirements. In addition, only securities that have been registered with the Mexican Securities Registry pursuant to CNBV approval may be listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. The CNBV’s approval for registration does not imply any kind of certification or assurance related to the investment quality of the securities, the solvency of the issuer, or the accuracy or completeness of any information delivered to the CNBV.
In March 2003, the CNBV issued certain general regulations applicable to issuers and other securities market participants. The general regulations, which repealed several previously enacted CNBV regulations (circulares), now provide a single set of rules governing issuers and issuer activity, among other things. The CNBV general regulations were amended to conform to the Mexican Securities Market Law by resolution of the CNBV published on September 6, 2004, September 22, 2006, and were updated on September 19, 2008, January 27, July 22 and December 29, 2009.
The general regulations state that the Mexican Stock Exchange must adopt minimum requirements for issuers to list their securities in Mexico. These requirements relate to matters such as operating history, financial and capital structure, and distribution.
The general regulations also state that the Mexican Stock Exchange must implement minimum requirements for issuers to maintain their listing in Mexico. These requirements relate to matters such as financial condition, trading minimums, and capital structure, among others. The Mexican Stock Exchange will review compliance with the foregoing requirements and other requirements on an annual, semi-annual and quarterly basis. The Mexican Stock Exchange must inform the CNBV of the results of its review and this information must, in turn, be disclosed to investors. If an issuer fails to comply with any of the foregoing requirements, the Mexican Stock Exchange will request that the issuer propose a plan to cure the violation. If the issuer fails to propose a plan, or if the plan is not satisfactory to the Mexican Stock Exchange, or if an issuer does not make substantial progress with respect to the corrective measures, trading of the relevant series of shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange will be temporarily suspended. In addition, if an issuer fails to propose a plan or ceases to follow the plan once proposed, the CNBV may suspend or cancel the registration of the shares.
Issuers of listed securities are required to file unaudited quarterly financial statements and audited annual financial statements as well as various periodic reports with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. Mexican issuers must file the following reports with the CNBV:
· an annual report prepared in accordance with CNBV regulations by no later than June 30 of each year (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 10-K and by foreign private issuers on Form 20-F);
· quarterly reports, within 20 days following the end of each of the first three quarters and 40 days following the end of the fourth quarter (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 10-Q); and
· current reports promptly upon the occurrence of material events (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 8-K and by foreign private issuers on Form 6-K).
Pursuant to the CNBV’s general regulations, the internal rules of the Mexican Stock Exchange were amended to implement an automated electronic information transfer system, or “SEDI” (Sistema Electrónico de Envío y Difusión de Información), for information required to be filed with the Mexican Stock Exchange. Issuers of listed securities must prepare and disclose their financial information via a Mexican Stock Exchange-approved electronic financial information system, or “SIFIC” (Sistema de Información Financiera Computarizada). Immediately upon its receipt, the Mexican Stock Exchange makes financial information prepared via SIFIC available to the public.
The CNBV’s general regulations and the rules of the Mexican Stock Exchange require issuers of listed securities to file information through SEDI that relates to any act, event, or circumstance that could influence an issuer’s share price. If listed securities experience unusual price volatility, the Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately request that the issuer inform the public as to the causes of the volatility or, if the issuer is unaware of the causes, that the issuer make a statement to that effect. In addition, the Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately request that issuers disclose any information relating to relevant material events, when it deems the information currently disclosed to be insufficient, as well as instruct issuers to clarify the information when necessary. The Mexican Stock Exchange may request issuers to confirm or deny any material events that have been disclosed to the public by third parties when it deems that the material event may affect or influence the securities being traded. The Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately inform the CNBV of any such requests. In addition, the CNBV may also make any of these requests directly to issuers. An issuer may defer the disclosure of material events under some circumstances, as long as:
· the issuer implements adequate confidentiality measures;
· the information is related to incomplete transactions;
· there is no misleading public information relating to the material event; and
· no unusual price or volume fluctuation occurs.
The CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange may suspend trading in an issuer’s securities:
· if the issuer does not disclose a material event; or
· upon price or volume volatility or changes in the offer or demand in respect of the relevant securities that are not consistent with the historic performance of the securities and cannot be explained solely through information made publicly available pursuant to the CNBV’s general regulations.
The Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately inform the CNBV and the general public of any such suspension. An issuer may request that the CNBV or the Mexican Stock Exchange resume trading, assuming the issuer demonstrates that the causes triggering the suspension have been resolved and that it is in full compliance with the periodic reporting requirements under the applicable law. If the issuer’s request has been granted, the Mexican Stock Exchange will determine the appropriate mechanism to resume trading. If trading in an issuer’s securities is suspended for more than 20 business days and the issuer is authorized to resume trading without conducting a public offering, the issuer must disclose via SEDI a description of the causes that resulted in the suspension and reasons why it is now authorized to resume trading before trading may resume.
Similarly, if an issuer’s securities are traded on both the Mexican Stock Exchange and a foreign securities exchange, the issuer must simultaneously file the information that it is required to file pursuant to the laws and regulations of the foreign jurisdiction with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange.
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law:
· members of the board of directors and principal officers of a listed issuer;
· shareholders controlling 10% or more of a listed issuer’s outstanding share capital, and the directors and principal officers of such shareholders;
· groups having significant influence on a listed issuer; and
· other insiders
must abstain from purchasing or selling securities of the issuer within 90 days from the most recent public tender of shares of the issuer for sale or purchase, respectively. Shareholders of issuers listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange must notify the Mexican Stock Exchange of any transactions made in or outside the Mexican Stock Exchange that result in a transfer of 10% or more but less than 30% of an issuer’s share capital on the day following the respective transaction.
The Mexican Securities Market Law requires any acquirer of more than 30% of an issuer’s outstanding share capital to make a public tender offer.
Any intended acquisition of a public company’s shares that results in the acquirer obtaining control of the company requires the potential acquirer to make a tender offer for 100% of the company’s outstanding share capital. These tender offers must be made at the same price for all tendering shareholders. The board of directors must give an opinion on any tender offer within 10 days after the tender offer notice.
In addition, the Mexican Securities Market Law requires shareholders holding 10% or more of a listed issuer’s share capital to notify the CNBV of any share transfer.
Pursuant to the January 27, 2009 CNBV regulations update, the Company must notify the CNBV by June 30 of each year the individual shareholdings by directors and executive officers of 1% or more of the Company’s share capital, or any other shareholdings of more than 5% of said capital.
Mexican Securities Market Law
The Mexican legislature issued an amended Mexican Securities Market Law effective June 28, 2006. The amendments provide, among other things, that:
· issuers must have a board of directors with at least five and not more than 21 members, of which 25% must qualify as “independent directors” under Mexican law;
· issuers’ boards of directors must approve related party transactions and material asset transactions;
· issuers must appoint and maintain an audit committee and a corporate governance committee; and
· issuers must provide additional protections for minority shareholders.
The Mexican Securities Market Law permits issuers to include anti-takeover defenses in their bylaws and provides for specified minority rights and protections, among other things.
The Mexican Securities Market Law does not permit issuers to implement mechanisms where common shares and limited or non-voting shares are jointly traded or offered to public investors, unless the limited or non-voting shares are convertible into common shares within a term of up to five years. In addition, the aggregate amount of shares with limited or non-voting rights may not exceed 25% of the aggregate amount of publicly-held shares, unless approved by the CNBV.
ITEM 10. Additional Information.
BYLAWS
Set forth below is a brief summary of certain significant provisions of (1) our bylaws, as amended by our shareholders in accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations, and (2) the Mexican Companies Law. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our bylaws, which have previously been filed with the SEC.
Organization and Register
We are a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable) organized in Mexico under the Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles, or the “Mexican Companies Law” and the Ley del Mercado de Valores, or the “Mexican Securities Market Law”. We were incorporated on March 30, 1998 and the duration of our corporate life is indefinite. Our corporate purpose, as fully described in Article 2 of our bylaws, is to act as a holding company. As such, our bylaws grant us the power to engage in various activities, which allow us to function as a holding company. These powers include, but are not limited to, the ability to (i) promote, establish, organize and administer all types of companies, mercantile or civil; (ii) acquire or dispose of stock or interests in other mercantile or civil companies, either by taking part in their formation or acquiring shares or interests in companies that are already in existence; (iii) receive from third parties and give to the companies of which it is a shareholder or partner or to any other third party, guidance or technical consulting services, including services in the fields of administration, accounting, merchandising or financing; (iv) obtain, acquire, utilize or dispose of any patent, brand or commercial name, franchise or rights in industrial property in Mexico or abroad; (v) obtain any type of financing or loan, with or without a specific guarantee, and grant loans to mercantile or civil companies or other persons in which the company has an interest or with others with which it has a business relationship; (vi) grant any type of guarantee and endorsement in respect to obligations or credit instruments, for the benefit of mercantile or civil companies or other persons with which the company has an interest or with which it maintains a business relationship; (vii) issue, subscribe, draw, accept and endorse all types of credit instruments, including obligations with or without a guarantee; (viii) acquire, rent, administer, sell, mortgage, pledge, encumber or dispose of goods, in whatever form, being movable or immovable, as well as rights over the same; (ix) execute any kind of act and formalize any kind of labor, civil, mercantile or administrative agreement or contract permitted by Mexican legislation, with real and corporate personalities that are either public or private, obtaining from these, concessions, permits and authorizations relating directly or indirectly to the company’s objectives as set forth in its bylaws, including, actively or passively entering into any agreement regarding any type of services, consulting work, supervisory work and technical direction that would be necessary or proper for the aforementioned goals; (x) issue treasury stock in accordance with Article 81 of the Mexican Securities Market Law; (xi) establish agencies or representatives and act as broker, agent, representative, mercantile mediator or distributor; and (xii) perform any acts necessary to accomplish the foregoing.
Directors
Our bylaws provide that our board of directors will consist of a minimum of five and a maximum of 21 members, as resolved by the relevant shareholders’ meeting. At least 25% of the members of our board of directors must be independent pursuant to Mexican law. At each shareholders’ meeting for the election of directors, holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital are entitled to appoint one member of the board of directors.
Pursuant to Mexican law, any director who has a conflict of interest with us relating to a proposed transaction must disclose the conflict and refrain from voting on the transaction or be liable for damages. Directors receive compensation as determined at the ordinary shareholders’ meetings.
Authority of the Board of Directors
The board of directors is our legal representative and is authorized to take any action in connection with our operations not expressly reserved to our shareholders. Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, the board of directors must approve, among other things:
· strategic decisions for the Company and its subsidiaries;
· any transactions outside the ordinary course of business to be undertaken with related parties;
· significant asset transfers or acquisitions;
· credit policies;
· granting material guarantees or collateral;
· designation of the Chief Executive Officer (or Director General); and
· any other important transactions.
Meetings of our board of directors are validly convened and held if a majority of its members are present. Resolutions passed at these meetings will be valid if approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the board of directors present at the meeting. If required, the chairman of the board of directors may cast a tie-breaking vote.
Voting Rights and Shareholders’ Meetings
Each common share entitles its holder to one vote at any meeting of our shareholders.
Under Mexican law and our bylaws, we may hold two types of shareholders’ meetings: ordinary and extraordinary.
Ordinary shareholders’ meetings are those called to discuss any issues not reserved for extraordinary shareholders’ meetings. An annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting must be held within the first four months following the end of each fiscal year to discuss, among other things:
· approving or modifying the report of the board of directors including the audited year-end financial statements, as well as the report of the Chief Executive Officer (or Director General);
· allocating profits, if applicable;
· appointing or ratifying the appointment of members of the board of directors and the secretary, and determining their compensation;
· appointing the chairman of the audit committee and of the corporate governance committee;
· designating the maximum amount that may be allocated to share repurchases;
· discussing the audit committee’s and corporate governance committee’s annual reports to the board of directors; and
· approving transactions of the Company and subsidiaries representing 20% or more of the consolidated assets of the Company.
Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings may be called to consider any of the following matters, among other things:
· extending the corporate duration of the Company;
· dissolution;
· increases or reductions of our fixed share capital;
· changes in the Company’s corporate purpose or nationality;
· transformation or merger;
· issues of preferred shares;
· share redemptions;
· delisting of our shares with the Mexican Securities Registry or with any stock exchange;
· any amendments to our bylaws; and
· any other matters for which applicable Mexican law or the bylaws specifically require an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting.
The board of directors, the audit committee and the corporate governance committee may call any shareholders’ meeting. Any shareholder or group of shareholders with voting rights representing at least 10% of our share capital may request in writing that the board of directors call a shareholders’ meeting to discuss the matters indicated in the written request. If the board of directors fails to call a meeting within 15 calendar days following the date of such written request, the shareholder or group of shareholders may request that a competent court call the meeting. A single shareholder may request a call for a shareholders’ meeting if no meeting has been held for two consecutive years or if matters to be dealt with at an ordinary shareholders’ meeting have not been considered.
Holders of 20% of our outstanding shares may oppose any resolution adopted at a shareholders’ meeting and file a petition for a court order to suspend the resolution temporarily within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the action was taken, provided that the challenged resolution violates Mexican law or our bylaws and the opposing shareholders neither attended the meeting nor voted in favor of the challenged resolution. In order to obtain such a court order, the opposing shareholder must deliver a bond to the court in order to secure payment of any damages that we may suffer as a result of suspending the resolution in the event that the court ultimately rules against the opposing shareholder. Shareholders representing at least 10% of the shares present at a shareholders’ meeting may request to postpone a vote on a specific matter on which they consider themselves to be insufficiently informed.
Notices of shareholders’ meetings must be published in the official gazette of Sinaloa and in one newspaper of general circulation in the country at least 15 calendar days prior to the date of the meeting. Each notice must set forth the place, date, and time of the meeting and the matters to be addressed and must be signed by whomever convenes the meeting. Shareholders’ meetings will be deemed validly held and convened without a prior notice or publication whenever all the shares representing our capital are duly represented. All relevant information relating to the shareholders’ meeting must be made available to shareholders starting on the date the notice is published.
To be admitted to any shareholders’ meeting, shareholders must be registered in our share registry or provide evidence of their status as shareholders as provided in our bylaws (including through certificates provided by INDEVAL and INDEVAL participants). Shareholders may appoint one or more attorneys-in-fact to represent them pursuant to general or special powers of attorney or by a proxy. Attorneys-in-fact may not be directors of Homex.
At or prior to the time of the publication of any notice of a shareholders’ meeting, we will provide copies of the notice to the depositary for distribution to the ADS holders. ADS holders are entitled to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of voting rights pertaining to the common shares.
Quorum
Ordinary shareholders’ meetings are legally convened pursuant to a first notice when a majority of our share capital is present or duly represented. Any number of shares present or duly represented at an ordinary meeting of shareholders convened pursuant to a second or subsequent notice constitutes a quorum. Resolutions at ordinary shareholders’ meetings are valid when approved by a majority of the shares present at the meeting.
Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings are regarded as legally convened pursuant to a first notice when at least 75% of the shares of our share capital are present or duly represented. A majority of shares must be present or duly represented at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting called pursuant to a second or subsequent notice to be considered legally convened. Resolutions at extraordinary shareholders’ meetings are valid when approved by one-half of our share capital.
Registration and Transfer
We have registered our common shares with the Mexican Securities Registry maintained by the CNBV, as required under the Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations issued by the CNBV. If we wish to cancel our registration, or if it is cancelled by the CNBV, our shareholders who are deemed to have “control” at that time will be required to make a public offer to purchase all outstanding shares, prior to the cancellation.
Our shareholders may hold our common shares as physical certificates or, upon registration, through institutions having accounts at INDEVAL. These accounts may be maintained by brokers, banks and other entities approved by the CNBV. In accordance with Mexican law, only holders listed in our share registry and those holding ownership certificates issued by INDEVAL and INDEVAL participants are recognized as our shareholders.
Changes in Share Capital and Pre-emptive Rights
Our minimum fixed share capital may be reduced or increased by a resolution of an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting, subject to the provisions of our bylaws, the Mexican General Business Corporations Law, the Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations issued thereunder. Our variable share capital may be reduced or increased by resolution of an ordinary shareholders’ meeting in compliance with the voting requirements of our bylaws.
In the event of a share capital increase, our shareholders will have a pre-emptive right to subscribe and pay for new stock issued as a result of the increase in proportion to their shareholder interest at that time, except if the new stock is issued for a public offering. This pre-emptive right must be exercised by subscribing and paying for the relevant shares within the time period set forth in the resolution authorizing the increase, which will be no less than 15 calendar days following the date of publication of the corresponding notice to our shareholders in the official gazette of Sinaloa and in one newspaper of general circulation in Culiacán, Sinaloa.
Share Repurchases
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law and our bylaws, we may repurchase our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange at the prevailing market price. Repurchased shares cannot be represented at any shareholders’ meeting. We are not required to create a special reserve for the repurchase of shares and we do not need the approval of our board of directors to effect share repurchases. However, we are required to obtain shareholder approval as described below. In addition, our board of directors must appoint an individual or group of individuals responsible for effecting share repurchases. These repurchases must be made subject to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law, and carried out, reported, and disclosed in the manner established by the CNBV.
If we intend to repurchase more than 1% of our outstanding common shares at a single trading session, we must inform the public of this intention at least 10 minutes before submitting our bid. If we intend to repurchase 3% or more of our outstanding common shares during a period of 20 trading days, we must conduct a public tender offer for those common shares.
We may not submit bids for repurchase during the first and the last 30 minutes of each trading session and we must inform the Mexican Stock Exchange of the results of any share repurchase no later than the following business day.
The amount allocated to share repurchases is determined annually by our shareholders at a general ordinary shareholders’ meeting and cannot exceed the aggregate amount of our net profits, including retained profits.
Delisting
If we decide to cancel the registration of our shares with the Mexican Securities Registry or if the CNBV orders such deregistration, we will be required to make a tender offer to purchase the shares held by minority shareholders prior to such cancellation. Shareholders deemed to have “control” will be secondarily responsible for making such tender offer. The price of the offer to purchase will be the higher of:
· the average trading price on the Mexican Stock Exchange during the last 30 days on which the shares were quoted prior to the date on which the tender offer is made; and
· the book value of the shares as reflected in our latest quarterly report filed with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange.
In order to make the repurchase, we must form a trust and contribute to it the amount required to secure payment of the purchase price offered pursuant to the tender offer to all of our shareholders that did not sell their shares pursuant to the tender offer. The trust must be in force for a period of at least six months from the date of delisting.
No later than 10 business days following the commencement of an offering, our board of directors must issue an opinion on the offering price reflecting the opinion of our audit committee and disclosing any potential conflicts of interest that any of the board members may have. The board’s resolution may be accompanied by a fairness opinion issued by an expert selected by us.
Ownership of Share Capital by Subsidiaries
Our subsidiaries may not, directly or indirectly, purchase our shares.
Redemption
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, shareholders are entitled to the redemption of their variable common shares, pro rata, by resolution of the shareholders’ meeting.
Liquidation
Upon our dissolution, one or more liquidators must be appointed at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting to wind-up our affairs. All shares will be entitled to participate equally in any distribution upon liquidation.
Appraisal Rights and Other Minority Protections
If shareholders approve a change in our corporate purpose, nationality, or corporate form, any voting shareholder who voted against these matters is entitled to the redemption of its common shares at book value pursuant to the last financial statements approved by our shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting. These redemption rights must be exercised within 15 days after the shareholders’ meeting at which the matter was approved.
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law and the Mexican General Business Corporations Law, our bylaws include a number of minority shareholder protections. These minority protections include provisions that permit:
· holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital to bring an action for civil liabilities against our directors and members of our senior management, provided that any recovery is for our benefit and not the benefit of the plaintiffs;
· holders of at least 10% of our shares who are entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) to request that a shareholders’ meeting be called in certain limited situations;
· holders of at least 10% of our shares who are entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) at any shareholders’ meeting to request that resolutions with respect to any matter on which they were not sufficiently informed to be postponed;
· holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital to appoint one member of our board of directors; and
· holders of at least 20% of our outstanding share capital to contest and suspend any shareholder resolution, subject to certain requirements under Mexican law.
In addition, pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, we are also subject to certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirement to maintain an audit committee and a corporate governance committee and that at least 25% of our directors qualify as independent. The CNBV is empowered to verify their independence.
The protections afforded to minority shareholders under Mexican law are generally different from those in the United States and other jurisdictions, although we believe the Mexican Securities Market Law has introduced higher corporate governance standards including director fiduciary duties with a comprehensive description of duties of care and loyalty. Mexican civil procedure does not provide for class-action lawsuits.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is anticipated to be more difficult for our minority shareholders to enforce rights against us or our directors or principal shareholders than it is for shareholders of a U.S. issuer.
Information to Shareholders
The Mexican General Business Corporations Law establishes that companies, acting through their board of directors, must annually present a report to shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting that includes:
· a report of the directors on the operations of the company and its subsidiaries during the preceding year, as well as on the policies followed by the directors and management;
· an opinion on the Chief Executive Officer’s report on the principal accounting and information policies and criteria followed in the preparation of the financial information;
· a statement of the financial condition of the company at the end of the fiscal year;
· a statement showing the results of operations of the company during the preceding year, as well as changes in the company’s financial condition and share capital during the preceding year; and
· the notes which are required to complete or clarify the above-mentioned information.
In addition, the Mexican Securities Market Law requires that information relating to matters to be discussed at shareholders’ meetings be made available to shareholders from the date on which the notice for the relevant meeting is published.
Restrictions Affecting Non-Mexican Shareholders
Foreign investment in capital stock of Mexican corporations is regulated by the 1993 Foreign Investment Law and by the 1998 Foreign Investment Regulations to the extent they are not inconsistent with the Foreign Investment Law. The Ministry of Economy and the National Foreign Investment Commission (Comisión Nacional Reguladora de la Inversión Extranjera) are responsible for the administration of the Foreign Investment Law and the Foreign Investment Regulations.
Our bylaws do not restrict the participation of non-Mexican investors in our capital stock. However, approval of the National Foreign Investment Commission must be obtained for foreign investors to acquire a direct or indirect participation in excess of 49% of the capital stock of a Mexican company that has an aggregate asset value that exceeds, at the time of filing the corresponding notice of acquisition, an amount determined annually by the National Foreign Investment Commission.
As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that non-Mexican shareholders agree to be considered Mexican citizens with respect to:
· shares held by them;
· property rights;
· concessions;
· participations or interests we own; and
· rights and obligations derived from any agreements we have with the Mexican government.
As required by Mexican law, our bylaws also provide that non-Mexican shareholders agree to refrain from invoking the protection of their governments in matters relating to their ownership of our shares. Therefore, a non-Mexican shareholder may not ask its government to introduce a diplomatic claim against the government of Mexico with respect to its rights as a shareholder. If the shareholder invokes such governmental protection, its shares could be forfeited to the Mexican government. Notwithstanding these provisions, shareholders do not forfeit any rights they may have under U.S. securities laws.
Summary of Differences between Mexican and U.S. Corporate Law
You should be aware that the Mexican General Business Corporations Law and the Mexican Securities Market Law, which apply to us, differ in material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. In order to highlight these differences, set forth below is a summary of provisions applicable to us (including modifications adopted pursuant to our bylaws) which differ in material respects from provisions of the corporate law of the State of Delaware.
Duties of Directors
Under the Mexican Securities Market Law, directors now have fiduciary duties of care and loyalty specified therein. The duties of directors of public companies are more extensive than the duties of directors of private companies. Actions against directors may be initiated by holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital, although any damages recovered from directors are awarded solely to the company.
Under the Mexican Securities Market Law, the business and affairs of a corporation are managed by or under the direction of its board of directors. In exercising their powers, directors are charged with a fiduciary duty of care to protect the interests of the corporation and a fiduciary duty of loyalty to act in the best interests of its shareholders.
The duty of care requires that directors act in an informed and deliberate manner, and inform themselves, prior to making a business decision, of all relevant material information reasonably available to them. The duty of care also requires that directors exercise care in overseeing and investigating the conduct of corporate employees. The duty of loyalty may be summarized as the duty to act in good faith, not out of self-interest, and in a manner which the director reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the shareholders.
Under the “business judgment rule,” courts generally do not question the business judgment of directors and officers. A party challenging the propriety of a decision of a board of directors bears the burden of rebutting the presumption afforded to directors by the business judgment rule. If the presumption is not rebutted, the business judgment rule attaches to protect the directors from liability for their decisions. Where, however, the presumption is rebutted, the directors bear the burden of demonstrating the fairness of the relevant transaction. However, when the board of directors takes defensive actions in response to a threat to corporate control and approves a transaction resulting in a sale of control of the corporation, Delaware courts subject directors’ conduct to enhanced scrutiny.
Under the Mexican Securities Market Law, directors are exempted from liability for their decisions when they act in good faith and in compliance with all legal and bylaw requirements, and based on information provided by management, having selected the best alternative, according to their best judgment and after considering the foreseeable negative effects. Mexican courts have not yet interpreted these new standards of conduct for directors.
Interested Directors
The Mexican Securities Market Law requires that our corporate governance committee issue an opinion with regard to transactions and arrangements with related parties, including directors. These transactions and arrangements must be approved by our board of directors, except for immaterial transactions or transactions with affiliates in the normal course of business and at market prices. Mexican law provides that a member of the board of directors can be liable for failing to disclose a conflict of interest and for voting on a transaction in which he or she has a conflict of interest.
Under Delaware law, a transaction entered into with regard to which a director has an interest would not be avoidable if:
· | the material facts with respect to such interested director’s relationship or interests are disclosed or are known to the board of directors, and the board of directors in good faith authorizes the transaction by the affirmative vote of a majority of the disinterested directors; |
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· | the material facts are disclosed or are known to the shareholders entitled to vote on the transaction, and the transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the majority of shares entitled to vote thereon; or |
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· | the transaction is fair to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified. Under Delaware law, an interested director could be held liable for a transaction in which the director derived an improper personal benefit. |
Dividends
Under Mexican law, prior to paying dividends a company must reserve at least 5% of its profits every year until it establishes a legal reserve equal to 20% of its capital share. Dividends may only be paid from retained earnings and only if losses for prior fiscal years have been paid. Dividends may also be subject to additional restrictions contained in the company’s bylaws. The payment of dividends must be approved at an annual general shareholders’ meeting. We do not currently expect to pay dividends.
Under Delaware law, subject to any restrictions contained in the company’s certificate of incorporation, a company may pay dividends out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and for the preceding fiscal year. Delaware law also provides that dividends may not be paid out of net profits at any time when capital is less than the capital represented by the outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.
Mergers, Consolidations, and Similar Arrangements
A Mexican company may merge with another company only if a majority of the shares representing its outstanding share capital approves the merger at a duly convened extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. Dissenting shareholders are not entitled to appraisal rights. Creditors have 90 days to oppose a merger judicially, provided they have a legal interest to oppose the merger.
Under Delaware law, with certain exceptions, a merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all the assets of a corporation must be approved by the board of directors and a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon. Under Delaware law, a shareholder of a corporation participating in certain major corporate transactions may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to appraisal rights pursuant to which the shareholder may receive payment in the amount of the fair market value of the shares held by the shareholder (as determined by a court) in lieu of the consideration the shareholder would otherwise receive in the transaction. Delaware law also provides that a parent corporation, by resolution of its board of directors and without any shareholder vote, may merge with any subsidiary of which it owns at least 90% of each class of capital share. Upon any such merger, dissenting shareholders of the subsidiary would have appraisal rights.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Our bylaws do not include anti-takeover provisions. The Mexican Securities Market Law permits public companies to include anti-takeover provisions in their bylaws that restrict the ability of third parties to acquire control of the company; provided, however, that:
· adoption of such provisions is not opposed by holders of 5% or more of our share capital;
· | no shareholder is excluded from the benefits that may derive from such provisions; |
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· | takeovers cannot be absolutely banned and any required approval from the company’s board of directors must be subject to established criteria and a deadline not to exceed three months; and |
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· | takeover procedures conform to compulsory tender offering rules. |
Under Delaware law, corporations can implement shareholder rights plans and other measures, including staggered terms for directors and super-majority voting requirements, to prevent takeover attempts. Delaware law also prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested shareholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder unless:
· prior to the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the board of directors of the corporation approves either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder;
· upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owns at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation, excluding shares held by directors, officers, and employee stock plans; or
· at or after the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a shareholders’ meeting by at least 66 2 / 3 % of the voting stock which is not owned by the interested shareholder.
Transactions with Significant Shareholders
Under Mexican law, a company’s board of directors must approve any potential transaction to be undertaken with any shareholders of the company or other companies affiliated with shareholders of the company. The board of directors must take the recommendation of the corporate governance committee into consideration in granting its approval and may also require an independent fairness opinion. In addition, pursuant to Mexican law, any shareholder who votes on a transaction in which the shareholder has a conflict of interest may be liable for damages if the transaction would not have been approved without the shareholder’s vote.
As a Mexican company, we may enter into business transactions with our significant shareholders, including asset sales, in which the significant shareholder receives a greater financial benefit than other shareholders with prior approval from our board of directors. Prior approval from our shareholders is not required for this kind of transaction.
No similar provision relating to transactions with significant shareholders exists under Delaware law.
Shareholders’ Suits
As mentioned above, holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital may bring derivative actions for civil liabilities against our directors, members of the audit committee, and the corporate governance committee. However, the grounds for shareholder derivative actions under Mexican law are limited, which effectively bars most of these suits in Mexico. In addition, subject to certain requirements, holders of at least 20% of a company’s outstanding share capital may contest and suspend any shareholder resolution that violates Mexican law or our bylaws. Class-action lawsuits are not permitted under Mexican law.
Class-actions and derivative actions are generally available to shareholders under Delaware law for, among other things, breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste and actions not taken in accordance with applicable law. In these kinds of actions, the court generally has discretion to permit the winning party to recover attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the action.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Under Mexican law, a company may indemnify directors or members of any committee of the board of directors, for actions taken within the scope of their duties, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts, reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding, except for breach of the duty of loyalty or unlawful acts.
Under Delaware law, a corporation may indemnify a director or officer of the corporation against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding by reason of a director’s or officer’s position if:
· the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner the director or officer reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; and
· with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, the director or officer had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.
Inspection of Corporate Records
Under Mexican law, at the time that a notice of shareholders’ meeting is published, shareholders are entitled to all information related to the matters to be discussed at the meeting.
Delaware law permits any shareholder to inspect or obtain copies of a corporation’s shareholder list and its other books and records for any purpose reasonably related to a person’s interest as a shareholder.
Shareholder Proposals
Under Mexican law and our bylaws, holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital are entitled to appoint one member of our board of directors.
Delaware law does not include a provision restricting the manner in which nominations for directors may be made by shareholders or the manner in which business may be brought before a meeting.
Calling of Special Shareholders’ Meetings
Under Mexican law and our bylaws, a shareholders’ meeting may be called by the board of directors, the chairman of the board of directors or of the audit committee or the corporate governance committee. Any shareholder or group of shareholders with voting rights representing at least 10% of our share capital may request in writing that the board of directors call a shareholders’ meeting to discuss the matters indicated in the written request. If the board of directors fails to call a meeting within 15 calendar days following the date of the written request, the shareholder or group of shareholders may request that a competent court call the meeting. A single shareholder may call a shareholders’ meeting if no meeting has been held for two consecutive years or if matters to be dealt with at an ordinary shareholders’ meeting have not been considered.
Delaware law permits the board of directors or any person who is authorized under a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws to call a special meeting of shareholders.
Cumulative Voting
Under Mexican law, cumulative voting for the election of directors is not permitted.
Under Delaware law, cumulative voting for the election of directors is permitted only if expressly authorized in the certificate of incorporation.
Approval of Corporate Matters by Written Consent
Mexican law permits shareholders to take action by unanimous written consent of the holders of all shares entitled to vote. These resolutions have the same legal effect as those adopted in a general or special shareholders’ meeting. The board of directors may also approve matters by unanimous written consent.
Delaware law permits shareholders to take action by written consent of holders of outstanding shares having more than the minimum number of votes necessary to take the action at a shareholders’ meeting at which all voting shares were present and voted.
Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation
Under Mexican law, it is not possible to amend a company’s certificate of incorporation (acta constitutiva). However, the provisions that govern a Mexican company are contained in its bylaws, which may be amended as described below.
Under Delaware law, amending a company’s certificate of incorporation, which is equivalent to a memorandum of association, must be made by a resolution of the board of directors setting forth the amendment, declaring its advisability, and either calling a special meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote or directing that the amendment proposed be considered at the next annual meeting of the shareholders. Delaware law requires that, unless a different percentage is provided for in the certificate of incorporation, a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon is required to approve the amendment of the certificate of incorporation at the shareholders’ meeting. If the amendment would alter the number of authorized shares or otherwise adversely affect the rights or preference of any class of a company’s stock, Delaware law provides that the holders of the outstanding shares of such affected class should be entitled to vote as a class upon the proposed amendment, regardless of whether such holders are entitled to vote by the certificate of incorporation. However, the number of authorized shares of any class may be increased or decreased, to the extent not falling below the number of shares then outstanding, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock entitled to vote, if so provided in the company’s certificate of incorporation or any amendment that created such class or was adopted prior to the issuance of such class or that was authorized by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of such class of stock.
Amendment of Bylaws
Under Mexican law, amending a company’s bylaws requires shareholder approval at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. Mexican law requires that at least 75% of the shares representing a company’s outstanding share capital be present at the meeting upon the first call (unless the bylaws require a higher threshold) and that the resolutions be approved by shares representing one-half of the company’s outstanding capital share.
Under Delaware law, holders of a majority of the voting rights of a corporation and, if so provided in the certificate of incorporation, the directors of the corporation, have the power to adopt, amend and repeal the bylaws of a corporation.
Staggered Board of Directors
Mexican law does not permit companies to have a staggered board of directors.
Delaware law permits corporations to have a staggered board of directors.
MATERIAL CONTRACTS
For further discussion of our material contracts, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
EXCHANGE CONTROLS
Mexican law does not restrict our ability to remit dividends and interest payments, if any, to non-Mexican holders of our securities. Payments of dividends to equity holders, to the extent made, generally will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax. Mexico has had a free market for foreign exchange since 1991, and the government has allowed the peso to float freely against the U.S. dollar since December 1994.
TAXATION
The following summary contains a description of:
· the material anticipated Mexican federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders, or holders that
· are not residents of Mexico for tax purposes; and
· will not hold the ADSs or common shares or a beneficial interest therein in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment, for tax purposes, in Mexico; and
· the material anticipated U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders that are U.S. holders, or holders that
· are citizens or residents of the United States;
· are corporations organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia; or
· that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the ADSs or common shares.
For purposes of Mexican taxation:
· individuals are residents of Mexico if they have established their principal place of residence in Mexico or, if they have established their principal place of residence outside Mexico, if their core of vital interests (centro de intereses vitales) is located in Mexico. An individual’s core of vital interests will be deemed to be located in Mexico if, among other things,
· at least 50% of the individual’s aggregate annual income derives from Mexican sources, or
· the individual’s principal center of professional activities is located in Mexico;
· individuals are residents of Mexico if they are state employees, regardless of the location of the individual’s core of vital interests; and
· legal entities are residents of Mexico if they maintain their principal place of business or their place of effective management in Mexico.
If non-residents of Mexico are deemed to have a permanent establishment in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to the permanent establishment will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable Mexican tax law.
In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs will be treated as the beneficial owners of the common shares represented by those ADSs.
The following summary does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase the ADSs or common shares. In particular, the summary of U.S. federal income tax consequences only addresses U.S. holders that will hold the ADSs or common shares as capital assets and does not address the tax treatment of U.S. holders that own or are treated as owning 10% or more of our outstanding voting shares. Further, this summary does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular investor or applicable to certain categories of U.S. holders such as banks, dealers, traders who elect to mark-to-market, tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, dealers in securities or currencies, expatriates, persons who hold the ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, synthetic security, conversion or integrated transaction, U.S. holders who have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, or U.S. holders liable for the alternative minimum tax. Potential U.S. holders should realize that the tax consequences for persons described in the preceding sentence may differ materially from those applicable to other U.S. holders. Finally, the summary does not address any U.S. or Mexican state or local tax considerations that may be relevant to non-resident holders and to U.S. holders.
The discussion of U.S. federal income tax considerations below assumes that we are not a passive foreign investment company, or “PFIC”. Based on our audited financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2010 taxable year. Furthermore, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate being a PFIC for our 2011 taxable year. However, this determination is made annually and it is possible that our status could change.
This summary is based upon the federal income tax laws of the U.S. and Mexico as in effect on the date of this annual report and the provisions of the income tax treaty between the U.S. and Mexico and the protocol thereto (the “Tax Treaty”), all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. However, this summary does not address all aspects of the federal income tax laws of the U.S. and Mexico. Prospective investors in the ADSs or common shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the U.S., Mexican, or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of the ADSs or common shares, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws and their entitlement to the benefits, if any, afforded by the Tax Treaty.
Taxation of Dividends
Mexican Tax Considerations
Under the provisions of the Mexican Income Tax Law (Ley del Impuesto Sobre la Renta), dividends paid to non-resident holders with respect to the common shares or the ADSs will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax.
Dividends paid from distributable earnings that have not been subject to corporate income tax are subject to a corporate-level dividend tax at a rate of 36.47% (gross-up of 30%). According to the tax reform bill approved on December, 7 2009, during 2010, 2011 and 2012 the rate will be 36.47% (gross-up of 30%) and during 2013, 35.52% (gross-up of 29%). From 2014 going forward, the rate will be 37.66% again. The corporate-level dividend tax on the distribution of earnings is not final and may be credited against income tax payable during the fiscal year in which the dividend tax was paid and for the following two years. Dividends paid from distributable earnings, after corporate income tax has been paid with respect to these earnings, are not subject to this corporate-level dividend tax.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
The gross amount of any dividend distributions paid with respect to the common shares represented by the ADSs, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, generally will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the date on which the distributions are received by the depositary and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to certain corporations under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To the extent that a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated as a non-taxable return of basis to the extent thereof, and thereafter as capital gain from the sale of ADSs or common shares.
Distributions, which will be made in pesos, will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date they are received by the depositary, whether or not they are converted into U.S. dollars. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to receipt. Dividend income generally will constitute foreign source “passive income” or, “general” category income (depending on whether the U.S. holder is predominantly engaged in the active conduct of a banking, insurance, financing or similar business) for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
In the event that Mexican taxes are withheld from dividend distributions, any such withheld taxes would be treated as part of the gross amount of the dividend includible in income for a U.S. holder for U.S. federal income tax purposes (to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits). U.S. holders may be entitled to credit such taxes against their U.S. federal income tax liability or, for those U.S. holders who so elect, to deduct such Mexican taxes in computing taxable income. The calculation of foreign tax credits and, in the case of U.S. holders that elect to deduct foreign taxes, the availability of deductions, are subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. federal income tax regulations and involve the application of rules that depend on U.S. holders’ particular circumstances. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential availability of foreign tax credits and deductions.
Distributions of additional common shares to holders of ADSs with respect to their ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Currently the maximum rate of tax imposed on certain dividends received by U.S. shareholders that are individuals is 15%, provided that certain holding period requirements are met. This reduced rate applies to dividends received before December 31, 2010 from “qualified foreign corporations.” We believe we are a “qualified foreign corporation” with respect to our ADSs because our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Therefore, we believe that dividends paid on our ADSs will constitute “qualified dividend income” and therefore qualify for the reduced rate. It is possible, however, that we will not continue to be considered a “qualified foreign corporation” and that our dividends will not continue to be eligible for this rate. Notwithstanding the previous rule, the term “qualified dividend income” will not include, among other dividends, any (i) dividends on any share of stock or ADS which is held by a taxpayer for 60 days or less during the 120-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share or shares backing the ADS become ex-dividend with respect to such dividends (as measured under section 246(c) of the Code); or (ii) dividends to the extent that the taxpayer is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. U.S. holders should consult their own advisors regarding the applicability of the 15% dividend rate in their particular circumstances.
Taxation of Dispositions of Shares or ADSs
Mexican Tax Considerations
Gain on the sale or other disposition of ADSs by a non-resident holder will generally not be subject to Mexican tax. Deposits and withdrawals of common shares in exchange for ADSs will not give rise to Mexican tax or transfer duties.
Gain on the sale of the common shares by a non-resident holder will not be subject to any Mexican tax if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or other stock exchange or securities markets approved by the Mexican Ministry of Finance and Public Credit. The exemption is not available when a person or a group of people control a company or own 10% or more of the capital stock of a company and sell 10% or more of the company’s stock in a period of 24 months in one or more transactions involving such shares.
Gain on sales or other dispositions of the common shares made by non-Mexican residents in other circumstances generally would be subject to Mexican tax at a rate of 25% based on the total amount of the transaction or, subject to certain requirements applicable to the seller, at a rate of 30% (30% in 2011 and 2012, 29% in 2013 and 28% in 2014) on gains realized from the disposition, regardless of the nationality or residence of the transferor, provided that the transferor is not a resident of a country with a preferential or territorial tax regime.
Under the Tax Treaty, a holder that is eligible to claim the benefits of the Tax Treaty will be exempt from Mexican tax on gains realized on a sale or other disposition of the common shares, in a transaction that is not carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or such other approved securities markets, so long as the holder did not own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of our share capital (including ADSs) during the twelve-month period preceding the sale or other disposition.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
Upon the sale or other disposition of the ADSs or common shares, a U.S. holder generally will recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale or other disposition and such U.S. holder’s tax basis in the ADSs or common shares. Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder on such sale or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, the ADSs or common shares have been held for more than one year. Currently, the top individual tax rate on adjusted net capital gains for sales and exchanges of capital assets before January 1, 2011 is 15%. The deduction of a capital loss is subject to limitations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Gain or loss generally will be treated as U.S. source gain or loss and a U.S. holder may be unable to credit any Mexican taxes imposed on these gains unless it has certain other income from foreign sources. Deposits and withdrawals of common shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Other Mexican Taxes
There are no Mexican inheritance, gift, succession or value-added taxes applicable to the purchase, ownership or disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders. However, gratuitous transfers of the ADSs or common shares may result in a Mexican federal tax obligation for the recipient in certain circumstances.
There are no Mexican stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by non-resident holders of the ADSs or common shares.
U.S. Backup Withholding Tax and Information Reporting Requirements
A U.S. holder may, under certain circumstances, be subject to “backup withholding” with respect to some payments to the U.S. holder, such as dividends or the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of the ADSs, unless the holder:
· is a corporation or comes within certain exempt categories, and demonstrates this fact when so required; or
· provides a correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules.
Any amount withheld under these rules will be creditable against the U.S. holder’s federal income tax liability.
Recently enacted legislation requires individual U.S. holders with an interest in any “specified foreign financial asset” to file a report to the IRS with information relating to the asset and the maximum value thereof during the taxable for any year in which the
aggregate value of all such assets is greater than US$50,000 (or such higher dollar amount as prescribed by Treasury regulations). Shares and ADSs would be treated as foreign financial assets unless held at a U.S. financial institution. Depending on the aggregate value of a U.S. holders investment in all categories of specified foreign financial assets, the U.S. Holder may be obligated to file an annual report under this provision. Penalties apply to any failure to file a required report. Additionally, in the event a U.S. holder does not file the information report relating to disclosure of specified foreign financial assets, the statute of limitations on the assessment and collection of U.S. federal income taxes of such U.S. holder for the related tax year will not close before such information is filed. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisor as to the possible application of this information reporting requirement and related statute of limitations tolling provision.
DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
We are subject to the information requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance therewith, we are required to file reports and other information with the SEC. These materials, including this Form 20-F and the exhibits thereto, may be inspected and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549.
ITEM 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Interest Rate Risk
In connection with our business activities, we have issued and hold financial instruments that currently expose us to market risks related to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates. At December 31, 2010, we had outstanding indebtedness of Ps.12,921.1 million, the majority of which bore interest at fixed interest rates. The interest rate on our variable rate debt is determined primarily by reference to the 28-day Mexican Interbank Rate, or TIIE (Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio). TIIE increases would, consequently, increase our interest payments.
The following table sets forth principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, average interest rates, and estimated fair market value of our debt obligation as of December 31, 2010. Fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
|
| Expected Maturity Dates as of December 31, (millions of dollars equivalent) |
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
|
| 2011 |
| 2012 |
| 2013 |
| 2014 |
| 2015 |
| After |
| Total |
| Fair Value |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed rate * |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 250 |
| 250 |
| 500 |
| 500 |
|
Average interest rate** |
| 8.5 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.5 | % | 8.5 | % |
|
|
|
|
Variable rate (Ps.) |
| 86 |
| 38 |
| 304 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 428 |
| 428 |
|
Average interest rate |
| 7.9 | % | 7.7 | % | 7.6 | % | 6.3 | % | — | % | — | % |
|
|
|
|
* Until July 5, 2008 our outstanding US$250 million Senior Guaranteed Notes included the principal-only swap effect, whereby at maturity date we were to pay pesos at a contractual fixed exchange rate of Ps.10.83 per dollar and receive U.S. dollars equivalent to the notional amount of US$250 million. This principal-only swap was cancelled on the aforementioned date.
** The average interest rate is calculated by the 7.5% interest rate related to the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 and the 9.5% interest rate related to the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019.
A hypothetical, instantaneous, and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in the average interest rate applicable to floating-rate liabilities held at December 31, 2010 would have increased our interest expense in 2010 by approximately Ps.53 million, over a twelve-month period.
Together with the issuance of the US$250 million long-term U.S. dollar-denominated Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015, Homex entered into a principal-only swap in an attempt to hedge and cover the economic and cash flow principal U.S. dollar exposure bearing a six-month weighted fixed rate of 2.92% exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. The underlying notes bear interest at a
rate of 7.5% payable semi-annually and are exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. The Company accounted for this swap at fair value in its consolidated financial statements. Because the agreement did not meet the requirements for hedge accounting, periodic mark-to-market measurement was made through the income statement. This principal-only swap was cancelled on July 5, 2008. In addition, the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on this debt at an average rate of Ps.13.95 per U.S. dollar through 2012.
Together with the issuance of the US$250 million long-term U.S. dollar-denominated Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019, Homex entered into a principal-only swap in an attempt to hedge and cover the economic and cash flow principal U.S. dollar exposure bearing a six-month weighted fixed rate in Mexican pesos of 3.87% exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. In order to increase the amount of thresholds of these financial instruments and to avoid collateral margin calls, in May 2011 the Company changed its PO Swap rate from 3.87% to 4.39%. The underlying notes bear interest at a rate of 9.5% payable semi-annually and are exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. The Company accounted for this swap at fair value in its consolidated financial statements. Because the agreement met the requirements for hedge accounting, periodic mark-to-market measurement was made. In addition, on the same date the Company entered into an interest-only swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk in respect of the interest payable on the first six interest payments on this debt.
We manage our exposure to changes in interest rates by efficiently timing construction and delivery of our homes and payments to our suppliers, thereby allowing us to reduce our borrowing needs for working capital. Our capital expenditures are financed either through our own resources or leveraging their return through operating leases.
Foreign Currency Risk
Because substantially all of our revenues are and will continue to be denominated in pesos, if the value of the peso decreases against the U.S. dollar, our cost of financing will increase. Severe depreciation of the peso may also result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets. This may limit our ability to transfer or convert pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our securities and any U.S. dollar-denominated debt that we may incur in the future.
The exchange rates in effect at December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were Ps.12.3817, Ps.13.0437 and Ps.13.7738, respectively, per U.S. dollar.
ITEM 12. Description of Securities other than Equity Securities.
Fees and Charges Our ADS Holders May Have to Pay
The JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorgan”), the depositary of our ADS program, collects fees directly from investors (or brokers or other intermediaries acting on behalf of investors) for depositing shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal. The depositary also collects fees for making distributions to investors, by deducting those fees from the amounts distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. In addition, the depositary collects an annual fee for depositary services, by deducting from cash distributions, by directly billing investors, or by charging the book-entry system accounts of investors (or brokers or other intermediaries acting on behalf of investors). The depositary may generally refuse to provide services until its fees for those services are paid, and may sell securities or other property to pay any such fees. The following table summarizes the fees and charges that a holder of our ADSs may have to pay, directly or indirectly, pursuant to the Deposit Agreement, which was filed with the SEC as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form F-6 filed on June 8, 2004:
Fee |
| Service |
$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) |
| · Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property · Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the Deposit Agreement is terminated |
|
|
|
$0.02 per ADS (or portion thereof) |
| Any cash distribution to registered ADS holders |
|
|
|
$1.50 per ADR (or portion thereof) |
| Permitted transfers of ADRs pursuant to the Deposit Agreement |
A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to the holder had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs. |
| Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to registered ADS holders |
|
|
|
A fee as incurred by the depositary |
| Delivery of ADSs or fees otherwise incurred by the Depositary in compliance with applicable law, rule or regulation |
|
|
|
Registration or transfer fees |
| · Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement) · Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars |
|
|
|
Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian may have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, e.g., stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes |
| As necessary |
From January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2010, we received no fees from JPMorgan related to our ADR facility.
ITEM 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.
Not applicable.
ITEM 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.
Not applicable.
ITEM 15. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Disclosure controls and procedures.
We carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2010.
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Management’s annual report on internal controls over financial reporting.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our board of directors, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other personnel, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting based on the framework governing Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20-F. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with Mexican FRS, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010.
Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, an independent registered public accounting firm, our independent auditor, issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting on June 29, 2011, except for internal control over financial reporting related to Note 32 of the consolidated financial statements as to which the date is September 16, 2011.
(c) Attestation Report of the registered public accounting firm.
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.
We have audited Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria).
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20-F. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20-F, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the COSO criteria.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the statements of income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010, and our report dated June 29, 2011, except for Note 32 as to which the date is September 16, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
| Mancera, S.C. |
| A member practice of |
| Ernst & Young Global |
|
|
|
|
| C.P.C. Alejandro Valdez Mendoza |
Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
June 29, 2011, except for internal control over financial reporting related to Note 32 of the consolidated financial statements as to which the date is September 16, 2011
(d) Changes in internal control over financial reporting.
We previously provided management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, which was filed under Item 15(b) of our 2009 Form 20-F on June 30, 2010. In that report, we concluded our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2009. As disclosed in Note 29, during 2010 we restated our previous years’ US GAAP consolidated financial information. Had the matters leading to this US GAAP restatement been known at the time that we initially prepared our 2009 internal control evaluation, our 2009 internal control conclusion likely would have been different. However, during 2010 we designed additional reconciliation control procedures that were implemented as part of our December 31, 2010 US GAAP reconciliation process. As of December 31, 2010 we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective.
Except for the matters described above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert.
Our audit committee consists of Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada (Chairman), Z. Jamie Behar and Edward Lowenthal. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Castillo has the attributes of an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC and that each member of the audit committee satisfies the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Our board of directors has also determined that Mr. Castillo is independent, as that term is defined in the listing rules of the New York Stock Exchange.
We have adopted a code of ethics, as defined in Item 16B of Form 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our code of ethics applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions, as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our web site at www.homex.com.mx. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our web site at the same address.
ITEM 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, our auditors continued to be Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global.
The following table summarizes the aggregate fees billed to us by Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively:
|
| Years ended December 31 |
| |||||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
|
| (in thousands of Mexican pesos) |
| |||||||
Audit fees |
| Ps. | 20,269 |
| Ps. | 16,972 |
| Ps. | 17,296 |
|
Audit-related fees |
| — |
| 3,807 |
| — |
| |||
Tax fees |
| — |
| 21 |
| 2,247 |
| |||
Total fees |
| Ps. | 20,269 |
| Ps. | 20,800 |
| Ps. | 19,543 |
|
Audit fees. Audit fees in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Mancera, S.C. and other Ernst & Young affiliated firms in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements and statutory and regulatory audits in Mexico, Brazil and India. This caption also includes Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 attestation services.
Audit-related fees. Audit-related fees in the above table are fees billed by Mancera, S.C. for work performed in connection with the offering of the US$250 million bond maturing in 2019 and filing of a shelf registration statement.
Tax fees. Tax fees in the above table include the aggregate fees billed by Mancera, S.C. for the review of 2008’s reports on our transfer pricing study and fees paid to Mancera, S.C. and other Ernst & Young affiliated firms for international tax services.
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures.
We have adopted pre-approval policies and procedures under which all audit and non-audit services provided by our external auditors must be pre-approved by the audit committee. Any service proposals submitted by external auditors need to be discussed and approved by the audit committee during its meetings, which take place at least four times a year. Once the proposed service is approved, we or our subsidiaries formalize the engagement of services. The approval of any audit and non-audit services to be provided by our external auditors is specified in the minutes of our audit committee. In addition, the members of our board of directors are briefed on matters discussed in the meetings of the audit committee.
ITEM 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.
Not applicable.
ITEM 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
We did not purchase any of our equity securities during 2010.
ITEM 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant
During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 and through the date of this Annual Report, the principal independent accountant engaged to audit our financial statements, Mancera S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, has not resigned, has not indicated that it has declined to stand for re-election after the completion of its current audit and has not been dismissed. For each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, Mancera S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, has not expressed reliance on another accountant or accounting firm in its report on our audited annual financial statements for such periods.
ITEM 16G. Corporate Governance
As a foreign private issuer with shares listed on the NYSE, we are subject to different corporate governance requirements than a U.S. company under the NYSE listing standards. Pursuant to Rule 303.A11 of the NYSE-listed company manual, we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standard.
It is our intention, however, to follow NYSE corporate governance standards to the extent we deem appropriate given the different regulatory framework to which we are subject in Mexico and in the United States and the different business environment in which we operate. Compliance with these higher standards of governance is not mandatory for us; however, we believe we are in substantial compliance with the majority of these requirements, thereby demonstrating our commitment to high standards of governance.
We are a Mexican corporation with shares listed on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, or “Mexican Stock Exchange”. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the Mexican Securities Market Law, and the general dispositions issued by the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. Although compliance is not mandatory, we also substantially comply with the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices (Código de Mejores Prácticas Corporativas), as amended in 2006.
The table below sets forth a description of the significant differences between corporate governance practices required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards and our regulations:
NYSE Rules |
| Mexican Rules |
|
|
|
Listed companies must have a majority of independent directors. |
| While not required under Mexican law, a majority of our directors are independent as defined under NYSE standards. |
|
|
|
Listed companies must have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. |
| Pursuant to Mexican law, we have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. |
|
|
|
Listed companies must have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. |
| Under Mexican law, we are not required to have a compensation committee. However, we have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. Our compensation committee does not issue a compensation report as contemplated by the NYSE standards, as we operate in Mexico where this practice is neither required nor customary. |
|
|
|
Listed companies must have an audit committee with a minimum of three members who are independent directors. |
| Under Mexican law, we are required to have an audit committee with independent members within the meaning of the NYSE standards with a charter that complies with applicable Mexican statutes, and substantially complies with the NYSE standards applicable to domestic companies where appropriate for us. |
|
|
|
Audit committees are required to prepare an audit committee report as required by the SEC to be included in the listed company’s annual proxy statement. |
| As a foreign private issuer, we are not required by the SEC to prepare and file proxy statements. In this regard, we are subject to Mexican securities law requirements. We have chosen to follow Mexican law and practice in this regard. |
|
|
|
Non-management directors must meet at executive sessions without management. |
| Our non-management directors meet at executive sessions. This is not required by either Mexican law or the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices. |
|
|
|
Listed companies must adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for directors or executive officers. |
| Companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange are not required to adopt a code of ethics. However, we have adopted a code of ethics. |
ITEM 17. Financial Statements.
Not applicable.
ITEM 18. Financial Statements.
See pages F-1 through F-74, incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibit No. |
|
|
1(1) |
| Our articles of incorporation (estatutos sociales) as amended through March 30, 1998, together with an English translation.* |
|
|
|
1(2) |
| Our bylaws (estatutos sociales) as amended through April 26, 2006, together with an English translation. + |
|
|
|
2(a)(1) |
| Form of Deposit Agreement, as amended, by and among us, JPMorgan Chase Bank as Depositary and the Holders and Beneficial Holders from time to time of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder, including form of American Depositary Receipt.** |
|
|
|
2(b)(1) |
| Indenture relating to 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Notes, dated September 28, 2005 by and between us, as Issuer, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. *** |
|
|
|
2(b)(2) |
| Form of First Supplemental Indenture to the Indenture Relating to the 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Notes, by and between us, as Issuer, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. **** |
|
|
|
2(b)(3) |
| Form of 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Note. **** |
|
|
|
2(b)(4) |
| Registration Rights Agreement dated September 28, 2005 by and among us, Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and certain financial institutions named therein. *** |
|
|
|
2(b)(5) |
| Indenture relating to 9.5% Senior Guaranteed Notes dated December 8, 2009 by and between us, as Issuer, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. ++ |
|
|
|
8 |
| List of Principal Subsidiaries.+++ |
|
|
|
12(a)(1) |
| CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 29, 2011.++++ |
|
|
|
12(a)(2) |
| CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 29, 2011.+++++ |
|
|
|
13 |
| Officer Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated September 16, 2011. |
* |
| Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-1/A (File No. 333-116257), originally filed with the SEC on June 23, 2004. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
** |
| Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-116278), originally filed with the SEC on June 8, 2004. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
*** |
| Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-4 (File No. 333-129100), originally filed with the SEC on October 18, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
**** |
| Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-4/A (File No. 333-129100), originally filed with the SEC on November 25, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
+ |
| Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 29, 2006. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
++ |
| Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 30, 2010. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
+++ |
| Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 30, 2011. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
++++ |
| Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 30, 2011. Incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
+++++ |
| Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 30, 2011. Incorporated herein by reference. |
SIGNATURE
The registrant, Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F/A and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Amendment No. 1 to its annual report on Form 20-F/A on its behalf.
| DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. | |
|
| |
| DE C.V. | |
|
| |
|
| |
| /s/ Carlos Moctezuma Velasco | |
| Name: Carlos Moctezuma Velasco | |
| Title: Chief Financial Officer | |
|
|
|
Dated: September 16, 2011 |
|
|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of their operations, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, which differ in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (see Notes 28, 29 and 30 to the consolidated financial statements).
As disclosed in Note 3a to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, during 2010, the Company adopted the Interpretation to Mexican Financial Reporting Standard (“IMFRS”) 14 Construction, Sales and Services Agreements related to Real Estate. The application of this IMFRS was retrospective in nature. Therefore the accompanying 2009 and 2008 consolidated financial statements were restated according to the provisions of Mexican Financial Reporting Standard (“MFRS”) B-1 Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.
As disclosed in Note 29 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the accompanying 2009 and 2008 USGAAP financial information has been restated for the correction of an error in the Company’s accounting for capitalized inventory costs. Also, as disclosed in Note 32 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the accompanying Supplemental Guarantor Information disclosed in Note 32 is also being restated for the correction of an error.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 29, 2011, except for internal control over financial reporting related to Note 32 of the consolidated financial statements as to which the date is September 16, 2011, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
| Mancera, S.C. |
| A member practice of |
| Ernst & Young Global |
|
|
|
|
| C.P.C. Alejandro Valdez Mendoza |
Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
June 29, 2011, except for Note 32 as
to which the date is September 16, 2011
DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Restated consolidated balance sheets
(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| 2010 |
|
|
|
|
| |||
|
| Convenience |
| As of December 31, |
| |||||
|
| Translation |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| |||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 5) |
| $ | 277,443 |
| Ps. | 3,435,222 |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
|
Trade accounts receivable, net (Note 6) |
| 159,525 |
| 1,975,203 |
| 519,474 |
| |||
Inventories (Note 7) |
| 1,392,083 |
| 17,236,366 |
| 12,104,350 |
| |||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net (Note 8) |
| 51,176 |
| 633,650 |
| 770,635 |
| |||
Total current assets |
| 1,880,227 |
| 23,280,441 |
| 16,645,875 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Land held for future development (Note 7) |
| 855,415 |
| 10,591,499 |
| 11,765,197 |
| |||
Property and equipment, net (Note 9) |
| 80,972 |
| 1,002,572 |
| 1,110,582 |
| |||
Goodwill (Note 3j) |
| 59,108 |
| 731,861 |
| 731,861 |
| |||
Other assets, net (Note 10) |
| 20,662 |
| 255,843 |
| 324,393 |
| |||
Deferred income taxes (Note 24) |
| 62,937 |
| 779,268 |
| 643,640 |
| |||
Total assets |
| $ | 2,959,321 |
| Ps. | 36,641,484 |
| Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Liabilities and equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current debt and current portion of long-term debt (Note 11) |
| $ | 139,602 |
| Ps. | 1,728,513 |
| Ps. | 270,595 |
|
Current portion of leases (Note 13) |
| 13,697 |
| 169,604 |
| 108,437 |
| |||
Trade accounts payable (Note 15) |
| 275,453 |
| 3,410,579 |
| 2,200,081 |
| |||
Land suppliers (Note 16) |
| 62,846 |
| 778,141 |
| 1,338,226 |
| |||
Advances from customers |
| 50,448 |
| 624,644 |
| 1,277,810 |
| |||
Taxes other than income taxes |
| 60,917 |
| 754,264 |
| 744,780 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 3,031 |
| 37,531 |
| 143,920 |
| |||
Employee statutory profit-sharing |
| 124 |
| 1,540 |
| 16,989 |
| |||
Provision for uncertain tax positions (Note 24f) |
| 62,668 |
| 775,946 |
| 248,781 |
| |||
Total current liabilities |
| 668,786 |
| 8,280,762 |
| 6,349,619 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Long-term debt (Note 11) |
| 871,253 |
| 10,787,601 |
| 9,460,163 |
| |||
Long-term leases (Note 13) |
| 19,014 |
| 235,430 |
| 254,679 |
| |||
Financial instruments (Note 12) |
| 41,041 |
| 508,160 |
| 119,084 |
| |||
Long-term land suppliers (Note 16) |
| 3,346 |
| 41,441 |
| 74,659 |
| |||
Employee benefits obligations (Note 14) |
| 7,307 |
| 90,478 |
| 98,187 |
| |||
Deferred income taxes (Note 24) |
| 353,513 |
| 4,377,101 |
| 3,959,345 |
| |||
Total liabilities |
| 1,964,260 |
| 24,320,973 |
| 20,315,736 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Equity (Note 17): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Common stock |
| 42,644 |
| 528,011 |
| 528,011 |
| |||
Additional paid-in capital |
| 265,784 |
| 3,290,861 |
| 3,290,861 |
| |||
Treasury stock, at cost |
| (7,944 | ) | (98,412 | ) | (103,928 | ) | |||
Retained earnings |
| 699,245 |
| 8,657,851 |
| 7,146,088 |
| |||
Derivative instruments (Note 12) |
| (26,709 | ) | (330,709 | ) | (87,872 | ) | |||
Other equity accounts |
| 6,702 |
| 82,984 |
| 10,906 |
| |||
Equity of controlling interest |
| 979,722 |
| 12,130,586 |
| 10,784,066 |
| |||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
| 15,339 |
| 189,925 |
| 121,746 |
| |||
Total equity |
| 995,061 |
| 12,320,511 |
| 10,905,812 |
| |||
Total liabilities and equity |
| $ | 2,959,321 |
| Ps. | 36,641,484 |
| Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Restated consolidated statements of income
(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.) except earnings per share)
|
| 2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
|
| Convenience |
| For the years ended December 31, |
| ||||||||
|
| Translation |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Revenues (Note 3b) |
| $ | 1,587,206 |
| Ps. | 19,652,309 |
| Ps. | 17,476,489 |
| Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Cost of sales (Note 3b) |
| 1,108,691 |
| 13,727,484 |
| 12,285,836 |
| 10,356,329 |
| ||||
Gross profit |
| 478,515 |
| 5,924,825 |
| 5,190,653 |
| 4,369,499 |
| ||||
Operating expenses (Note 21) |
| 240,708 |
| 2,980,379 |
| 2,471,680 |
| 2,303,402 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Income from operations |
| 237,807 |
| 2,944,446 |
| 2,718,973 |
| 2,066,097 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Other (expenses) income, net (Note 22) |
| (11,530 | ) | (142,765 | ) | 5,320 |
| (140,238 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net comprehensive financing cost (Note 7): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Interest expense (Note 23) |
| 27,469 |
| 340,115 |
| 325,710 |
| 187,221 |
| ||||
Interest income |
| (13,155 | ) | (162,887 | ) | (184,140 | ) | (157,351 | ) | ||||
Exchange loss (gain) |
| 7,904 |
| 97,860 |
| (59,510 | ) | 164,841 |
| ||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments (Note 12) |
| 3,203 |
| 39,654 |
| 66,451 |
| 313,962 |
| ||||
|
| 25,421 |
| 314,742 |
| 148,511 |
| 508,673 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Income before income tax |
| 200,856 |
| 2,486,939 |
| 2,575,782 |
| 1,417,186 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Income tax (Note 24) |
| 73,253 |
| 906,997 |
| 994,389 |
| 456,256 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Consolidated net income |
| $ | 127,603 |
| Ps. | 1,579,942 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net income of controlling interest |
| $ | 122,097 |
| Ps. | 1,511,763 |
| Ps. | 1,565,869 |
| Ps. | 926,635 |
|
Net income of non-controlling interest |
| 5,506 |
| 68,179 |
| 15,524 |
| 34,295 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Consolidated net income |
| $ | 127,603 |
| Ps. | 1,579,942 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |
| 334,870 |
| 334,748 |
| 334,830 |
| 334,870 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Basic and diluted earnings per share of controlling interest |
| $ | 0.36 |
| Ps. | 4.52 |
| Ps. | 4.68 |
| Ps. | 2.77 |
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Restated consolidated statements of changes in equity
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Common |
| Additional |
| Treasury stock, at |
| Retained |
| Derivative |
| Other |
| Equity |
| Equity |
| Total |
| |||||||||
Balances as of January 1, 2008 before adjustments due to IMFRS 14 adoption |
| Ps. | 528,011 |
| Ps. | 3,280,223 |
| Ps. | (99,342 | ) | Ps. | 5,581,198 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 342,828 |
| Ps. | 9,632,918 |
| Ps. | 208,212 |
| Ps. | 9,841,130 |
|
Effects in prior periods from changes due to IMFRS 14 adoption (Note 3a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (1,274,255 | ) |
|
|
|
| (1,274,255 | ) | (136,285 | ) | (1, 410,540 | ) | |||||||||
Balances as of January 1, 2008 as restated |
| 528,011 |
| 3,280,223 |
| (99,342 | ) | 4,306,943 |
| — |
| 342,828 |
| 8,358,663 |
| 71,927 |
| 8,430,590 |
| |||||||||
Reclassification to retained earnings from the accumulated monetary position (Note 3a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 346,641 |
|
|
| (346,641 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Initial adoption of MFRS D-3 Employee benefits (Notes 3a and 14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 33,764 |
| 33,764 |
|
|
| 33,764 |
| |||||||||
Comprehensive income as restated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 926,635 |
|
|
| 23,356 |
| 949,991 |
| 34,295 |
| 984,286 |
| |||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2008 as restated |
| 528,011 |
| 3,280,223 |
| (99,342 | ) | 5,580,219 |
| — |
| 53,307 |
| 9,342,418 |
| 106,222 |
| 9,448,640 |
| |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan |
|
|
|
|
| (3,188 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
| (3,188 | ) |
|
| (3,188 | ) | |||||||||
Shares repurchased (Note 17e) |
|
|
|
|
| (1,398 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
| (1,398 | ) |
|
| (1,398 | ) | |||||||||
Share-based compensation transactions (Note 17d) |
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
| 10,638 |
| |||||||||
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net of deferred taxes (Note 12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (87,872 | ) |
|
| (87,872 | ) |
|
| (87,872 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income as restated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1,565,869 |
| — |
| (42,401 | ) | 1,523,468 |
| 15,524 |
| 1,538,992 |
| |||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2009 as restated |
| 528,011 |
| 3,290,861 |
| (103,928 | ) | 7,146,088 |
| (87,872 | ) | 10,906 |
| 10,784,066 |
| 121,746 |
| 10,905,812 |
| |||||||||
Share-based options exercised (Note 17d) |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
| 5,516 |
| |||||||||
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net of deferred taxes (Note 12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (242,837 | ) |
|
| (242,837 | ) |
|
| (242,837 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1,511,763 |
| — |
| 72,078 |
| 1,583,841 |
| 68,179 |
| 1,652,020 |
| |||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2010 |
| Ps. | 528,011 |
| Ps. | 3,290,861 |
| Ps. | (98,412 | ) | Ps. | 8,657,851 |
| Ps. | (330,709 | ) | Ps. | 82,984 |
| Ps. | 12,130,586 |
| Ps. | 189,925 |
| Ps. | 12,320,511 |
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Restated consolidated statements of cash flows
(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| 2010 |
| For the years ended December 31, |
| ||||||||
|
| Translation |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||||
Cash flows (used in) generated by operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Income before income tax |
| $ | 200,856 |
| Ps. | 2,486,939 |
| Ps. | 2,575,782 |
| Ps. | 1,417,186 |
|
Items related to investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 37,605 |
| 465,614 |
| 483,409 |
| 425,021 |
| ||||
(Gain) loss on sale of property and equipment |
| (343 | ) | (4,246 | ) | 26,706 |
| (8,771 | ) | ||||
Interest income |
| (13,155 | ) | (162,887 | ) | (184,140 | ) | (157,351 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale of other investment |
| — |
| — |
| (11,676 | ) | — |
| ||||
Items related to financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Interest |
| 104,259 |
| 1,290,903 |
| 886,149 |
| 663,765 |
| ||||
Share-based payment transactions |
| — |
| — |
| 10,638 |
| — |
| ||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 3,203 |
| 39,654 |
| 66,451 |
| 313,962 |
| ||||
Deferred profit-sharing |
| — |
| — |
| 26,606 |
| 3,061 |
| ||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (13,797 | ) | (170,830 | ) | (184,346 | ) | 715,500 |
| ||||
|
| 318,628 |
| 3,945,147 |
| 3,695,579 |
| 3,372,373 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
(Increase) decrease in trade accounts receivable |
| (117,571 | ) | (1,455,729 | ) | 756,012 |
| (171,232 | ) | ||||
Increase in inventories and land held for future developments |
| (296,390 | ) | (3,669,816 | ) | (2,021,042 | ) | (5,995,116 | ) | ||||
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets |
| 12,506 |
| 154,845 |
| (271,821 | ) | 18,360 |
| ||||
Interest income collected |
| 13,155 |
| 162,887 |
| 184,140 |
| 157,351 |
| ||||
Increase (decrease) in trade accounts payable |
| 97,765 |
| 1,210,498 |
| (1,665,751 | ) | 409,198 |
| ||||
Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers |
| (47,918 | ) | (593,303 | ) | (1,318,577 | ) | (1,016,245 | ) | ||||
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities |
| (65,692 | ) | (813,374 | ) | 1,246,549 |
| 418,151 |
| ||||
(Decrease) increase in employee benefits obligations |
| (623 | ) | (7,709 | ) | 13,037 |
| 40,242 |
| ||||
Termination payments for derivative contracts |
| — |
| — |
| (123,271 | ) | (340,912 | ) | ||||
Income tax (paid) recovered |
| (2,718 | ) | (33,658 | ) | 43,272 |
| (123,531 | ) | ||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
| (88,858 | ) | (1,100,212 | ) | 538,127 |
| (3,231,361 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows used in investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Increase in the investment in associate |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| (27,727 | ) | ||||
Business acquisition |
| (23,460 | ) | (290,478 | ) | — |
| — |
| ||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| (22,585 | ) | (279,644 | ) | (89,352 | ) | (563,723 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| 6,557 |
| 81,192 |
| 30,625 |
| 98,720 |
| ||||
Net cash flows from investing activities |
| (39,488 | ) | (488,930 | ) | (58,727 | ) | (492,730 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows generated by financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Proceeds from new borrowings |
| 1,693,593 |
| 20,969,560 |
| 15,749,151 |
| 9,145,280 |
| ||||
Payments of notes payable |
| (1,446,715 | ) | (17,912,788 | ) | (13,337,871 | ) | (5,861,061 | ) | ||||
Interest paid |
| (102,219 | ) | (1,265,649 | ) | (874,911 | ) | (665,807 | ) | ||||
Shares repurchased |
| — |
| — |
| (4,586 | ) | — |
| ||||
Share-based payments exercised |
| 444 |
| 5,516 |
| — |
| — |
| ||||
Net cash flows from financing activities |
| 145,103 |
| 1,796,639 |
| 1,531,783 |
| 2,618,412 |
| ||||
Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents |
| 16,757 |
| 207,497 |
| 2,011,183 |
| (1,105,679 | ) | ||||
Translation adjustment |
| (1,913 | ) | (23,691 | ) | (27,952 | ) | 10,940 |
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
| 262,599 |
| 3,251,416 |
| 1,268,185 |
| 2,362,924 |
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
| $ | 277,443 |
| Ps. | 3,435,222 |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
| Ps. | 1,268,185 |
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to restated consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.),
except as otherwise indicated)
1. Nature of business
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is comprised of a group of companies engaged mainly in the promotion, design, development, construction and sale of affordable entry level and middle income residential housing. Substantially all sales are made in Mexico.
To carry out its activities, the Company engages in land acquisition, obtaining permits and licenses, designing, constructing, marketing and selling homes, obtaining individual financing for its customers and developing communities to satisfy housing needs in Mexico.
The Company participates in housing supply offers from the main housing funds in Mexico, such as the National Workers’ Housing Fund, or Instituto Nacional del Fondo de Ahorro para la Vivienda de los Trabajadores (“INFONAVIT”), the Social Security and Services Institute Public-Segment Workers’ Housing Fund, or Fondo de la Vivienda del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (“FOVISSSTE”) and the governmental mortgage providers such as the Federal Mortgage Society, or Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal (“SHF”). Additionally, the Company participates in the market, where mortgage financing is provided by commercial banks and cash transactions.
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, revenues obtained through INFONAVIT mortgage financing accounted for 75%, 76% and 76% respectively, of the Company’s total revenues, with other sources accounting for 25%, 24% and 24%, respectively.
Homex’s operations include 140 developments in 34 cities located in 21 Mexican states, which states represent 78% of Mexico’s population, according to the Mexican Institute of Statistics, Geography and Computer Sciences, or INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática). In 2009, 19% of Homex’s revenues originated in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 9% in the state of Jalisco. The remaining revenues were originated throughout 31 cities
Approximately Ps. 173,272 of the Company’s 2010 revenue originated in Brazil. For its Brazilian operations, the Company participates in housing supply offers with the governmental institution Caixa Economica Federal (“Caixa”) that is similar in nature to the INFONAVIT in Mexico in that it provides financing to lower income homebuyers.
The Company’s operations are on a seasonal basis: normally, the highest volume of sales takes place in the second half of the year. Construction times of real-estate developments vary depending on the type of housing: entry-level, middle-income or upper-income.
On April 27, 2011, the Financial Director (CFO), Carlos Moctezuma Velasco, and the Administrative and Accounting Officer, Ramón Lafarga Bátiz, authorized the issuance of the Company’s restated consolidated Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Mexican FRS) financial statements and notes as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. Those consolidated financial statements have been approved by the Audit Committee and, the Board of Directors on April 27, 2011, and by the Company’s stockholders at its meeting held on April 29, 2011.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements which consist of those Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements and notes, as supplemented by the accompanying US GAAP disclosures presented in Notes 28 through 32, were authorized for issuance herein by Gerardo de Nicolás (CEO), the CFO and the Controlling Director on June 29, 2011 (except with respect to Note 32 as to which the date was September 16, 2011), with subsequent events for the entire consolidated financial statements having been considered through those dates.
2. Basis of preparation
a) Convenience translation
The consolidated financial statements are stated in Mexican pesos, the currency of the country in which the Company is incorporated and operates. The statements’ translations of Mexican pesos into US dollar amounts are included solely for the convenience of readers in the United States of America and have been made at the rate of Ps. 12.3817 per one US dollar. Such translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts have been, could have been, or could in the future be, converted into US dollars at this or any other exchange rate.
b) Consolidation of financial statements
The consolidated financial statements include those of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries, whose shareholding percentage in their capital stock is shown below:
|
| Ownership percentage |
|
| ||
Company |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| Activity |
Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V. (“PICSA”) |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level, middle-income and upper-income housing |
Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid. del Fideicomiso AAA Homex 80284 |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Financial services |
Administradora Picsa, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administrative services and promotion related to construction industry |
Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administrative services |
Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Air transportation and lease services |
Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (DECANO) |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Construction and development of housing complexes |
Homex Atizapán, S.A. de C.V. |
| 67 | % | 67 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income |
Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (1) |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income |
Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level |
Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level |
Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (2) |
| 50 | % | 50 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing. |
Opción Homex, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Sale, lease and acquisition of properties |
Homex Amuéblate, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Sale of housing related products |
Homex Global, S.A. de C.V. (3) |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Holding company for foreign investments |
Sofhomex, S.A. de C.V. S.F.O.M. E.R. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Financial services |
Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid.del Fideicomiso Homex 80584 |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Employee stock option plan administration |
HXMTD, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of upper-income tourism housing |
Homex Central Marcaria, S.A. de C.V. |
| 100 | % | 100 | % | Administration of industrial and intellectual property |
Homex Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. (4) |
| 100 | % | — | % | Design and construction services for public or private services |
CRS Morelos, S.A. de C.V. (4) |
| 100 | % | — | % | Construction services to government |
CT Prop, S. de R.L de C.V. (5) |
| 100 | % | — | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of tourism housing. |
CT Loreto, S. de R.L. de C.V. (5) |
| 100 | % | — | % | Promotion, design, construction and sale of tourism housing. |
Significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated during the consolidation of these entities.
(1) Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (CBC) owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Super Abastos Centrales y Comerciales, S.A. de C.V. and 50% of the outstanding stock of Promotora Residencial Huehuetoca, S.A. de C.V. (Huehuetoca), which are engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing. Huehuetoca is fully consolidated in accordance MFRS B-8 Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements, since the Company has control over this subsidiary. Through October 20, 2009, CBC owned 100% of the outstanding stock of Comercializadora Cántaros, S.A. de C.V. That company was sold to a third party on that date.
(2) Hogares del Noroeste, S. A. de C.V. is a 50% owned and controlled subsidiary of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., which is engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing. This entity is fully consolidated in accordance with MFRS B-8, since the Company has control over this subsidiary.
(3) Homex Global, S.A. de C.V, (Homex Global) owns the outstanding stock of the following companies:
(a) Effective March 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Homex India Private Limited, a subsidiary located in India and that is to perform the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in India. This company had no significant operations during 2008, 2009 and 2010.
(b) Effective September 2007, Homex Global owned 15% of the outstanding stock of Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”, a company located in Cairo, Egypt that performs the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Egypt. Pursuant the application of MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments, effective January 1, 2009, this company was no longer considered an associate but another permanent investment. On December 31, 2009 the Company sold its total investment in this company to a third party.
(c) Effective February 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Desarrolladora de Sudamérica, S.A. de C.V., a Mexican company that had no significant operations during 2008, 2009 and 2010.
(d) Effective November 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding common stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes a Construcoes Limitada (Homex Brasil), through its subsidiaries Éxito Construcoes e Participacoes Limitada and HMX Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada. Through twenty three subsidiaries, Homex Brasil performs construction and development of entry-level housing in Sao Paulo, Brasil. During 2009, Homex Brasil started operations in Brazil with a 1,300-unit affordable entry-level development in San Jose dos Campos, northeast of Sao Paulo. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company had recognized revenues from its Brazilian operations of Ps. 173,272 and Ps. 7,741, respectively.
(4) These companies were incorporated in 2010; however they had no significant operations during the year.
(5) These companies were acquired in 2010 through the Loreto Bay business combination explained in Note 4 to the consolidated statements. CT Prop, S. de R.L. de C.V, owns 100% of the outstanding stock of CT Commercial Properties, S. de R.L. de C.V.
3. Summary of significant accounting policies
The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS).
a) New accounting standards
Effective in 2010:
Interpretation to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (IMFRS) 14, Construction, Sales and Services Agreements related to Real Estate
In December 2008 IMFRS 14 was issued by the Consejo Mexicano de Normas de Información Financiera, A.C. (the Mexican Financial Information Standards Board or “CINIF”) to complement Bulletin’s D-7, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.
Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company stopped recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company began to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition will then more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” (or “deposited accounting method”) in which revenues, costs and expenses should be recognized, when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
a) the Company has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership.
b) the Company does not retain any continued participation of the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;
c) the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;
d) it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and
e) the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.
The above conditions are typically met upon the completion of construction, and signing by the Company, the customer and (if applicable) the lender the legal contracts and deeds of ownership (escritura) over the property. At that time, the customer would have the legal right to take possession of the home.
This Interpretation was adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with these 2010 consolidated financial statements as required by MFRS B-1 Accounting Changes and Error Corrections. The application of IMFRS 14 to the consolidated financial statements had the following effects with respect to the year ended December 31, 2009 consolidated balance sheet:
|
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash) |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
|
Trade accounts receivable |
| 13,038,211 |
| (12,518,737 | ) | 519,474 |
| |||
Inventories and land held for development |
| 14,919,763 |
| 8,949,784 |
| 23,869,547 |
| |||
Property and equipment |
| 1,110,582 |
| — |
| 1,110,582 |
| |||
Other assets |
| 2,245,192 |
| 225,337 |
| 2,470,529 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Total assets |
| Ps. | 34,565,164 |
| Ps. | (3,343,616 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Liabilities and equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current liabilities |
| 6,383,019 |
| (33,400 | ) | 6,349,619 |
| |||
Long-term liabilities |
| 10,006,772 |
| — |
| 10,006,772 |
| |||
Deferred income taxes |
| 4,952,410 |
| (993,065 | ) | 3,959,345 |
| |||
Equity |
| 13,222,963 |
| (2,317,151 | ) | 10,905,812 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Total liabilities and equity |
| Ps. | 34,565,164 |
| Ps. | (3,343,616 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
The application of IMFRS 14 to the consolidated financial statements had the following effects with respect to the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 consolidated statements of income:
For the year ended December 31, |
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 19,425,182 |
| Ps. | (1,948,693 | ) | Ps. | 17,476,489 |
|
Costs |
| 13,748,416 |
| (1,462,580 | ) | 12,285,836 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,676,766 |
| (486,113 | ) | 5,190,653 |
| |||
Operating income |
| 3,170,010 |
| (451,037 | ) | 2,718,973 |
| |||
Income before income taxes |
| 3,012,919 |
| (437,137 | ) | 2,575,782 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 1,182,992 |
| (188,603 | ) | 994,389 |
| |||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,829,927 |
| Ps. | (248,534 | ) | Ps. | 1,581,393 |
|
For the year ended December 31, |
| As originally issued |
| Adjustment |
| As restated |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 18,850,496 |
| Ps. | (4,124,668 | ) | Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Costs |
| 13,473,257 |
| (3,116,928 | ) | 10,356,329 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,377,239 |
| (1,007,740 | ) | 4,369,499 |
| |||
Operating income |
| 2,999,593 |
| (933,496 | ) | 2,066,097 |
| |||
Income before income taxes |
| 2,331,182 |
| (913,996 | ) | 1,417,186 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 712,175 |
| (255,919 | ) | 456,256 |
| |||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,619,007 |
| Ps. | (658,077 | ) | Ps. | 960,930 |
|
Basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) of controlling interest before IMFRS 14 adjustments for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were Ps.5.50 and Ps. 4.72, respectively; after IMFRS adjustments EPS were Ps. 4.68 and Ps. 2.77, for the same periods, respectively.
The application of IMFRS 14 did not have significant effects on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, except for the presentation of the following items related to the operating activities: income before income tax, trade accounts receivable, inventories and land held for future developments, prepaid expenses and other assets and trade accounts payable.
MFRS C-1, Cash and cash equivalents
Mexican FRS C-1 was issued by the CINIF in November 2009 to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-1, Cash, and is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2010. The main differences between Mexican FRS C-1 and Mexican accounting Bulletin C-1 lie in the presentation of restricted cash and the substitution of the term “short-term investments” by the new term “liquid investments”, which are those investments whose maturities do not exceed three months.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have significant effects on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, except for the reclassification of restricted cash to cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 (see Note 5), with related effects on the consolidated statements of cash flows.
IMFRS 19, Changes derived from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
On August 31, 2010, CINIF issued Interpretation to Mexican FRS 19, Changes derived from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) which became effective for financial statements issued on or after September 30, 2010 and requires the disclosures that must be made in the notes to the financial statements prepared under MFRS prior to the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. Since the Company is listed in the Mexican Stock Exchange it has the obligation to prepare and present its financial information under IFRS beginning 2012.
At the date of the financial statements the Company is in the process of evaluating the effects that the adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.
Effective in 2009:
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2009 are described below:
MFRS B-7, Business Acquisitions
This MFRS substitutes Bulletin B-7 Business Acquisitions and was issued by the CINIF to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-7 Business Acquisitions. This standard establishes general rules for the initial recognition of net assets, non-controlling interests and other items, as of the acquisition date.
According to this statement, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from acquisition process, should not be part of the consideration, because these expenses are not an amount being shared by the business acquired.
In addition, MFRS B-7 requires a company to recognize non-controlling interests in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date.
MFRS B-8, Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements
The CINIF issued in December 2008, MFRS B-8 Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements which replaces Mexican Bulletin B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements and describes general rules for the preparation, presentation and disclosure of consolidated and combined financial statements.
The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) this rule defines “Specific-Purpose Entity” (SPE), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over a SPE, and when a company should consolidate this type of entity; (b) addresses that potential voting rights should be analyzed when evaluating the existence of control over an entity; and, (c) set new terms for “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest,” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest.”
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments
MFRS C-7 was issued by CINIF in December 2008 and describes the accounting treatment for investments in associates and “other permanent investments”, which were previously treated within Bulletin B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements. This MFRS requires the recognition of a Specific-Purpose Entity, through equity method. Also, this MFRS establishes that potential voting rights should be considered when analyzing the existence of significant influence.
In addition, this rule defines a procedure and a limit for the recognition of losses in an associate.
The adoption of this MFRS required the Company to consider the associate in Egypt as another permanent investment effective January 1, 2009, and no longer as an associate, and therefore to stop applying the equity method of accounting to this company.
MFRS C-8, Intangible Assets
This rule substitutes Bulletin C-8 Intangible Assets. The new rule defines intangible assets as non-monetary items and broadens the criteria of identification, indicating that an intangible asset must be separable; this means that such asset could be sold, transferred, or used by the entity. In addition, intangible asset arises from legal or contractual rights, whether those rights are transferable or separable from the entity.
On the other hand, this standard establishes that preoperative costs should be eliminated from the capitalized balance, affecting retained earnings, and without restating prior financial statements.
This amount should be presented as an accounting change in consolidated financial statements.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
MFRS D-8, Share-Based Payments
MFRS D-8 establishes the recognition of share-based transactions. When an entity purchases goods or pay services through share-based transactions, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. According with MFRS D-8, if share-based payments cannot be settled with equity instruments, they have to be settled using an indirect method considering MFRS D-8 parameters, and thus recorded as a liability.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
IMFRS 18, Effects on Recognition from the 2010 Tax Reform Bill in Income Taxes
On December 15, 2009 the CINIF published the Interpretation 18 of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards with the objective to provide guidance in regards to the 2010 Tax Reform Bill about the accounting recognition that should be completed in the companies’ financial statements.
This IMFRS establishes certain parameters for the recognition of changes to the new Tax Reform, mainly in regards to Income Tax rates changes, changes to the consolidation regime (fundamentally related to tax losses), losses on stock transfers, special consolidation terms, distributed dividends not from Net Tax Profit Account (CUFIN), consolidation tax benefits and differences between CUFIN. The effects of the application of IMFRS 18 are disclosed in Note 24.
Effective in 2008:
The most relevant standards that came into force in 2008 are described below:
MFRS B-2, Statement of Cash Flows
In November 2007, MFRS B-2 was issued by the CINIF to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12, Statement of Changes in Financial Position. This standard establishes that the statement of changes in financial position is substituted by a statement of cash flows as part of the basic financial statements. The main differences between both statements lie in the fact that the statement of cash flows shows the entity’s cash receipts and disbursements for the period, while the statement of changes in financial position showed the changes in the entity’s financial structure rather than its cash flows. In an inflationary environment, the amounts of both financial statements are expressed in constant Mexican pesos. However, in preparing the statement of cash flows, the entity must first eliminate the effects of inflation for the period and, accordingly, determine cash flows at constant Mexican pesos, while in the statement of changes in financial position, the effects of inflation for the period were not eliminated.
MFRS B-2 establishes that in the statement of cash flows, the entity must first present cash flows derived from operating activities, then from investing activities, the sum of these activities and finally cash flows derived from financing activities. The statement of changes in financial position first shows the entity’s operating activities, then financing activities and finally its investing activities. Under this new standard, the statement of cash flows may be determined by applying the direct or indirect method.
The transitory rules of MFRS B-2 establish that the application of this standard is prospective.
MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation
In July 2007, the CINIF issued MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. MFRS B-10 defines the two economic environments in Mexico that will determine whether or not entities must recognize the effects of inflation on financial information: i) inflationary, when inflation is equal to or higher than 26%; accumulated in the preceding three fiscal years (an 8% annual average); and ii) non-inflationary, when accumulated inflation for the preceding three fiscal years is less than the aforementioned accumulated 26%. Based on these definitions, the effects of inflation on financial information must be recognized only when entities operate in an inflationary environment.
This standard also establishes the accounting rules applicable whenever the economy changes from any type of environment to another. When the economy changes from an inflationary environment to a non-inflationary one, the entity must maintain in its financial statements the effects of inflation recognized through the immediate prior year, since the amounts of prior periods are taken as the base amounts of the financial statements for the period of change and subsequent periods. Whenever the economy changes from a non-inflationary environment to an inflationary one, the effects of inflation on the financial information are recognized retrospectively, meaning that all information for prior periods must be adjusted to recognize the accumulated effects of inflation of the periods in which the economic environment was considered non-inflationary.
This standard also abolishes the use of the specific-indexation method for the valuation of imported fixed assets and the replacement-cost method for the valuation of inventories, thus eliminating the result from holding non-monetary assets.
The Interpretation 9 of MFRS establishes that comparative financial statements for years prior to 2008 must be expressed in Mexican pesos with purchasing power at December 31, 2007, which was the last date on which the effects of inflation were recognized.
The realized result from holding non-monetary assets must be reclassified to retained earnings, while the unrealized portion must be maintained as such within equity, and reclassified to results of operations when the asset giving rise to it is realized. Whenever it is deemed impractical to separate the realized from the unrealized result from holding non-monetary assets, the full amount of this item may be reclassified to the retained earnings.
The effect of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s 2008 consolidated financial statements is the Company’s ceasing to recognize the effects of inflation on its financial information; therefore no monetary result was determined. The accumulated monetary position as of December 31, 2007 that was Ps. 346,641 was reclassified to the retained earnings.
MFRS B-15, Foreign Currency Translation
MFRS B-15 incorporates the concepts of recording currency, functional currency and reporting currency, and establishes the methodology to translate financial information of a foreign entity, based on those terms. Additionally, this rule is aligned with NIF B-10, which defines translation procedures of financial information from subsidiaries that operate in inflationary and non-inflationary environments. Prior to the application of this rule, translation of financial information from foreign subsidiaries was according to inflationary environments methodology.
The Company’s foreign operations in India and Brazil were measured in accordance with this MFRS and their figures are included in the consolidated financial statements.
MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits
MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant changes contained in MFRS D-3 are as follows:
i) shorter periods for the amortization of unamortized items such as transition obligations, with the option to credit or charge actuarial gains or losses directly to results of operations, as they accrue. As further disclosed in Note 14, during 2008 the Company prospectively changed the amortization periods for its transition liability from those of 10-22 year periods in prior years, to a four year period starting in 2008, resulting in Ps. 5,559 in additional labor costs being recognized in its 2008 statement of income;
ii) elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. As further disclosed in Note 14, upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008;
iii) accounting treatment of current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing, requiring that deferred employee profit-sharing be recognized using the asset and liability method established under MFRS D-4. The Company recorded a deferred profit sharing asset of Ps. 29,667 upon adoption of MFRS D-3. That asset has been adjusted to a value of Ps. 26,606 as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 there was no deferred profit sharing.
iv) current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the income statement rather than as part of taxes on profits.
The impact of the adoption of MFRS D-3 is as indicated above.
MFRS D-4, Taxes on Profit
The CINIF also issued Mexican FRS D-4, Taxes on Profits which replaces Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 Accounting for Income Taxes, asset Tax and Employee Profit-sharing. The most significant changes attributable to MFRS D-4 are as follows:
v) the concept of permanent differences is eliminated. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred taxes on all differences in balance sheet accounts for financial and tax reporting purposes, regardless of whether they are permanent or temporary;
vi) because current and deferred employee profit-sharing is now considered as an ordinary expense under MFRS D-3, it is excluded from this standard;
vii) asset taxes are required to be recognized as a tax credit and, consequently, as a deferred income tax asset only in those cases in which there is certainty as to its future realization; and
viii) the cumulative effect of adopting Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 is to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in equity not yet taken to income.
The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
b) Revenue and cost recognition
Home sales
Revenues, costs and expenses from the Company’s homes sales are recognized when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
a) the Company has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership.
b) the Company does not retain any continued participation of the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;
c) the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;
d) it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and
e) the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.
The above conditions are typically met upon the completion of construction, and signing by the Company, the customer and (if applicable) the lender, the legal contracts and deeds of ownership (escritura) over the property. At that time, the customer would have the legal right to take possession of the home.
The cost of sales represents the cost incurred in the development of housing revenues by the Company during the year. These costs include land, direct materials, labor and all the indirect costs related to the development of the project such as indirect labor, equipment, repairs, depreciation and the capitalization of the comprehensive financing costs.
Construction services
Construction services revenues and costs are recorded pursuant to the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the percentage of actual costs incurred to total estimated costs for each development and each project, in accordance to Bulletin D-7. Under this method, the estimated revenue for each development and project is multiplied by such percentage to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized. Management periodically evaluates the fairness of estimates used to determine the percentage of completion. If, as a result of such evaluation, it becomes apparent that estimated costs on uncompleted projects exceed expected revenues, a provision for estimated costs is recorded in the period in which such costs are determined.
During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company provided construction services only to Mexican government entities.
c) Recognition of the effects of inflation
Effective January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. Based on this Standard, the Company did not recognize the effects of inflation in the financial information for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Cumulative inflation in Mexico over 2008, 2009 and 2010 is less than 26% and therefore, in conformity with MFRS B-10, Mexico’s current economic environment is considered non-inflationary. Furthermore, the three year cumulative inflation in both of the Company’s foreign locations (Brazil and India) is also less than 26% through December 31, 2010. Accordingly, the Company’s financial information for 2010, 2009 and 2008 was prepared without recognizing the effects of inflation.
d) Use of estimates
In conformity with MFRS, the preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions in certain areas. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
e) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist basically of bank deposits and highly liquid investments with purchased maturities of less than 90 days. These investments are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which is similar to their market value.
f) Allowance for doubtful accounts
The Company’s policy is to provide for doubtful accounts based on balances of uncollected accounts receivable, applying several percentages based on their aging status.
g) Inventories and costs of sales
Construction-in-process, construction materials and land for development and future development are recorded at acquisition cost.
Land for future developments refers to land reserves to be developed by the Company.
MFRS D-6 establishes the determination of the amount from the comprehensive financing cost (CFC) that shall be capitalized. The land under development inventories and construction-in-process include the capitalized CFC. The Company capitalizes the CFC that results from the application of the weighted average rate of the debt to the weighted average of the construction-in-process investment and the land under development during the acquisition period. In regards to debt in foreign currency, the capitalized CFC includes the corresponding exchange gains and losses (see Note 7).
The Company reviews the carrying amounts of its inventories annually or earlier when an impairment indicator suggests that such amounts might not be recoverable. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable an assessment is undertaken to determine whether carrying values are in excess of their net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated sales price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs for completion and effecting a sale.
Net realizable value for development properties is based on internal project evaluations where assumptions are made about the project’s expected revenues and expenses. Valuation of these projects is performed according to lower cost of market principle. If the carrying amount of a project exceeds the net realizable value, a provision is recorded to reflect the inventory at the recoverable amount in the balance sheet.
Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement.
As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, no impairment has been recognized with respect to the Company’s inventories.
h) Property and equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at acquisition cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based on the remaining useful lives of the related assets, as follows:
|
| Years |
Buildings |
| 20 |
Machinery and equipment |
| 4 and 10 |
Transportation equipment |
| 4 |
Air transportation equipment |
| 10 |
Office furniture and equipment |
| 10 |
Computers |
| 4 |
Communication equipment |
| 4 |
The value of property and equipment is reviewed whenever there are indications of impairment. When the recovery value of an asset, which is the greater of its selling price and value in use (the present value of future cash flows), is lower than its net carrying value, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, no impairment losses have been recognized with respect to the Company’s property and equipment.
i) Leases
The Company classifies agreements to lease property and equipment as operating or capital, in conformity with the guidelines of Bulletin D-5, Leases.
Lease arrangements are recognized as capital leases if they meet at least one of the following conditions:
a) Under the agreement, the ownership of the leased asset is transferred to the lessee upon termination of the lease.
b) The agreement includes an option to purchase the asset at a reduced price.
c) The term of the lease is basically the same as the remaining useful life of the leased asset.
d) The present value of minimum lease payments is at least 90% of the market value of the leased asset, net of any benefit or scrap value.
When the lessor retains the risks or benefits inherent to the ownership of the leased asset, the agreements are classified as operating leases and rent is charged to results of operations.
j) Goodwill
Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the net assets acquired at the date of purchase in accordance with the purchase method of accounting.
Goodwill is recorded initially at acquisition cost.
Goodwill is not amortized; however, it is subject to annual impairment tests, and is adjusted for any impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to the affordable entry-level segment.
Goodwill as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 was Ps. 731,861.
k) Impairment of indefinite lived assets
The Company reviews the carrying amounts of assets with indefinite useful life annually or earlier when an impairment indicator suggests that such amounts might not be recoverable, considering the greater of the present value of future net cash flows using an appropriate discount rate, or the net sales price upon disposal. Impairment is recorded when the carrying amounts exceed the greater of the amounts mentioned above. The impairment indicators considered for these purposes are, among others, the operating losses or negative cash flows in the period if they are combined with a history or projection of losses; depreciation and amortization charged to results, which in percentage terms in relation to revenues are substantially higher than that of previous years; obsolescence; reduction in the demand for the products manufactured; competition; and other legal and economic factors.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, no impairment has been recognized with respect to the Company’s assets with indefinite lives.
l) Other assets
Expenses related to the placement of the various borrowings disclosed in Note 11 are recorded at cost. These amounts will be amortized under the straight-line method over the respective loan terms and disclosed in Note 10.
m) Employee retirement obligations
The Company grants seniority premiums and termination pay, covering all its employees. The related calculations are based on the provisions of the Mexican Federal Labor Law (FLL). Under FLL, workers are entitled to certain benefits at the time of their separation from the Company under certain circumstances. Seniority premiums and termination payments are recognized periodically using the projected unit-credit method and financial assumptions.
As disclosed in Note 14, effective January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS D-3. As a result of this adoption, the transition liability of labor obligations is now being amortized over a four-year period.
n) Derivative financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments are used for hedging purposes. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, all derivative instruments were recognized in the balance sheet at fair value, initially represented by the amount of consideration agreed (both assets and liabilities). Transaction costs and cash flow received or delivered to adjust these instruments to fair value at the beginning of the transaction, not related to premiums on options, are amortized during the respective term. The changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify as hedging instruments are recognized in income in valuation effects of derivative instruments caption. Financial instruments that qualify as hedging instruments are recognized in equity as part of other comprehensive income.
o) Liabilities, provisions, contingent assets and liabilities and commitments
Liability provisions are recognized whenever (i) the Company has current obligations (legal or assumed) derived from past events, (ii) the liability will probably give rise to a future cash disbursement for its settlement and (iii) the liability can be reasonably estimated.
The Company recognizes a liability for a loss contingency when it is probable (i.e. the probability that the event will occur is greater than the probability that it will not). That certain effects related to past events, will materialize and can be reasonably quantified. These events and the financial impact are also disclosed as lost contingencies in the consolidated financial statements when the risk of loss is deemed to be other than remote. The Company does not recognize an asset for a gain contingency until the gain is realized.
p) Deferred taxes
The Company recognizes deferred taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred taxes are recognized on all temporary differences between the book and tax values of assets and liabilities, using the enacted income tax or flat rate business tax (IETU) rate at the time the financial statements are issued, which is the enacted rate that will be in effect at the time the temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled.
Deferred tax assets are evaluated periodically in order to determine their recoverability.
q) Deferred employee statutory profit sharing
Beginning January 1, 2008 the Company uses MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits that considers the accounting treatment for Employee Statutory Profit-Sharing. This Standard establishes the Companies to use the asset and liability method to compute and recognize the deferred liability or asset for profit-sharing, in a similar manner as the deferred income tax computation, and establishes the initial recognition of the deferred profit-sharing, if any, to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in equity not yet taken to income.
Current year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the statement of income rather than as part of taxes on profits.
At year ended December 31, 2008, the deferred profit-sharing amounted Ps. 26,606. The initial recognition of the deferred profit-sharing under MFRS D-3 amounts Ps. 29,667 that was recorded in the other equity account. The deferred asset effect generated during 2008 amounts to Ps. 127,305, of which the Company created a valuation allowance of Ps. 100,699, which according with the Company’s projections were more likely than not to not be recovered. The deferred asset effect generated during 2009 was Ps. 52,392. The Company created a valuation allowance of Ps. 78,998 (Ps. 26,606 of 2008 and Ps. 52,392 of 2009), which according with the Company’s projections were more likely than not to not be recovered. At the year ended December 31, 2010, there was not deferred profit-sharing to be recognized.
r) Foreign currency balances and transactions
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated into Mexican pesos at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Exchange fluctuations are recorded as a component of net comprehensive financing cost (income) in the consolidated statements of income.
See Note 18 for the Company’s consolidated foreign currency position at the end of each year and the exchange rates used to translate foreign currency denominated balances.
s) Stock option plan
The Company implemented a plan through which certain of its executives and company officials receive remuneration in the form of share-based payment transactions, whereby these individuals render services as consideration for equity instruments.
Given the settlement feature contained within the plan, the awards were treated as “Liability Awards” from its implementation and through December 31, 2008. Compensation cost was measured by reference to the fair value of the awards at each balance sheet date. During 2009 and as a result of certain modifications made to the plan, the awards were modified so as to become equity-settled. The fair value of share based compensation is determined using an appropriate pricing model (see Note 17d).
t) Earnings per share
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income of controlling interest by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The Company does not have any dilutive securities beyond the stock options disclosed in Note 17d, the effects of which were immaterial in all periods. Accordingly basic and diluted earnings per share presented were the same during such periods.
u) Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income is represented by net income, the effect of the translation of the financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries and the effect of the change in the fair value of financial instruments that meet the criteria of hedge accounting.
v) Statement of income presentation
The costs and expenses reflected in the statement of income are presented according to their function, since this classification allows an adequate analysis of gross profits and operating margins. The Company’s operating income is presented because it is an important indicator of its overall performance and results, and includes ordinary income, operating costs and expenses. Other ordinary income (expenses) is therefore excluded.
w) Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 2009 and 2008 statements of income have been reclassified in order to conform with 2010 presentations. The effects of these reclassifications were recognized with retrospective application, in accordance with MFRS B-1, Accounting changes and error corrections.
|
| Original amounts |
| Reclassified amounts |
| ||
|
| 2009 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Interest expense |
| Ps. | 207,796 |
| Ps. | 163,641 |
|
Other expenses |
| — |
| 44,155 |
| ||
|
| Original amounts |
| Reclassified amounts |
| ||
|
| 2008 |
| 2008 |
| ||
Interest expense |
| Ps. | 90,007 |
| Ps. | 59,695 |
|
Other expenses |
| — |
| 30,312 |
| ||
x) Segment reporting
Segment reporting is presented in accordance with the information prepared for the internal decision making process. The information is presented according to the type of housing on sale by the Company and others.
4. Business acquisition
On December 22, 2009 the Company entered into an Equity Interest Purchase Agreement of three companies (all together Loreto Companies). In accordance to the agreement, the Company was to deposit US $5 million into an escrow account. At December 31, 2009 the Company had deposited US $0.5 million (equivalent to Ps. 6,533); the rest was deposited on January 15, 2010. Depending on the satisfaction of diverse legal requirements, of which the most relevant was to evidence that the title of the asset transferred to the entities that will own them, is free and clear from any encumbrance, the Company was going to acquire through the Loreto companies different assets (hotel, golf course and land). On July 20, 2010 the legal requirements for the majority of the assets were satisfied, and the Company was able to acquire 100% of the common shares of CT Prop, S. de R.L. de C.V., which owns 100% of the outstanding stock of CT Commercial Properties, S. de R.L. de C.V.
On December 31, 2010 the legal requirements for rest of the assets were fulfilled and the Company acquired the 100% of the common shares of CT Loreto, S. de R.L. de C.V.
At that date the Company had fully paid the total purchase price of US$ 22.5 million (Ps. 290,478). Part of the payment was done through a credit line granted by Banco Nacional de México, S.A., of which the outstanding balance as of December 31,2010 was Ps. 99,358 and will be paid during 2011 (see Note 11).
The fair value of the net assets and liabilities identified at the acquisition date is shown as follows:
|
| Fair value recognized |
| Adjustment to |
| Purchase price |
| |||
Land inventory |
| Ps. | 288,502 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 288,502 |
|
Golf course |
| 242,066 |
| (240,090 | ) | 1,976 |
| |||
Hotel |
| 119,073 |
| (119,073 | ) | — |
| |||
Other minor fixed assets |
| 14,918 |
| (14,918 | ) | — |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Net assets at fair value |
| Ps. | 664,559 |
| Ps. | (374,081 | ) | Ps. | 290,478 |
|
This business acquisition was recorded using the purchase method. Since net assets at fair value were greater than the purchase price, the Company adjusted the value of the acquired assets in accordance to the order established in MFRS B-7, allocating the adjustment to the non-monetary assets that were the hotel, golf course and other minor assets.
The results of operations of the three Loreto companies have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since the date of the acquisition. Among the main reasons for the acquisition of these companies was the Company to be able to develop a tourism development of 850 units including amenities such as a golf course and a hotel in the city of Loreto, Baja California Sur. The acquisition of these companies is expected to strength the Company’s position in the tourism domestic market, enhancing its presence in the Baja California Sur state.
Pro-forma financial information as if this business combination had been completed as of January 1, 2009 has not been presented as the pro-forma statement of operations figures for 2009 and 2010 would not be materially different from those presented herein.
5. Cash and cash equivalents
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Cash |
| Ps. | 121,593 |
| Ps. | 143,851 |
|
Cash equivalents |
| 3,313,629 |
| 3,107,565 |
| ||
|
| Ps. | 3,435,222 |
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents consist basically of bank deposits and highly liquid investments. Cash equivalents include restricted cash as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 for Ps. 127,530 and Ps. 129,342, respectively.
6. Trade accounts receivable
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
As promoter: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Due from customers and financing institutions (1) (2) (3) |
| Ps. | 1,581,158 |
| Ps. | 403,925 |
|
Construction services (4) |
| 488,169 |
| 198,755 |
| ||
Services and other |
| 46,894 |
| 48,919 |
| ||
|
| 2,116,221 |
| 651,599 |
| ||
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| (78,852 | ) | (57,279 | ) | ||
|
| 2,037,369 |
| 594,320 |
| ||
Trade accounts receivable, long-term (5) |
| (62,166 | ) | (74,846 | ) | ||
|
| Ps. | 1,975,203 |
| Ps. | 519,474 |
|
The Company does not believe that it has a significant concentration of credit risk. While some of its receivables are from homebuyers, the majority are from entities in the home finance business, whose characteristics differ from other receivables.
(1) These amounts include balances due from INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SOFOLES (Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado), commercial banks and homebuyers. With the exception of commercial banks, all such categories exceed 10% of accounts receivable balances as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
(2) The Company participates in a program referred to as “Programa de Entrega Anticipada de Vivienda INFONAVIT”. This program provides for factoring of INFONAVIT receivables without recourse, thereby providing for more timely collection.
(3) The Company participates in a factoring program with Mexico’s National Development Bank (NAFIN), which provided FOVISSSTE with a funding source to complement its housing programs. This program provides for factoring of FOVISSSTE receivables without recourse, thereby providing for more timely collection.
(4) This receivable is related to construction services provided by the Company to the Mexican Federal Government accounted using the percentage of completion method.
(5) The long-term trade account receivable is due to an agreement with the Housing Institute of the Federal District, or Instituto de Vivienda del Distrito Federal (“INVI”), on which it was agreed that the Company will receive monthly payments, including interest at a rate of TIIE plus 4%, during a five-year period, beginning June 2009, due to the sale of houses in Mexico City.
7. Inventories
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Land: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Titled land |
| Ps. | 9,701,296 |
| Ps. | 10,042,657 |
|
Contracted land |
| 2,467,273 |
| 2,673,289 |
| ||
Advances to land suppliers |
| 43,818 |
| 391,868 |
| ||
|
| 12,212,387 |
| 13,107,814 |
| ||
Land held for future developments |
| (10,591,499 | ) | (11,765,197 | ) | ||
Land |
| 1,620,888 |
| 1,342,617 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Other inventories: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Construction-in-process |
| 14,968,289 |
| 10,166,205 |
| ||
Construction materials |
| 576,499 |
| 512,355 |
| ||
Advances to suppliers |
| 70,690 |
| 83,173 |
| ||
Total other inventories |
| 15,615,478 |
| 10,761,733 |
| ||
Total inventories |
| Ps. | 17,236,366 |
| Ps. | 12,104,350 |
|
The Company’s policy is to locate and acquire land each year, classifying land currently being developed and land planned to be developed within the next year as part of current assets, and classifying all remaining land as non-current assets.
Due to the application of MFRS D-6 during 2010, 2009 and 2008, the net comprehensive financing cost (CFC) related to qualified assets for the same periods was Ps. 965,008, Ps. 563,154 and Ps. 1,250,080, respectively. Total CFC related to inventories sold and subsequently applied to cost of sales was Ps. 758,332 during 2010 (of which Ps. 432,819 is related to the current year CFC and Ps. 325,513 is related to prior years), Ps. 537,431 during 2009 (of which Ps. 239,597 is related to the current year CFC and Ps. 297,834 is related to prior years) and Ps. 662,080 during 2008 (of which Ps. 607,622 is related to 2008 CFC and Ps. 54,458 is related to prior year), respectively. The average period for the amortization of the capitalized comprehensive financing cost is 9 months. The annual capitalization rates are 8.50%, 6.50% and 24.30%, during each of 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the net comprehensive financing cost capitalized in inventories was as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Total accrued net comprehensive financing cost before capitalization |
| Ps. | 1,279,750 |
| Ps. | 711,665 |
| Ps. | 1,758,753 |
|
Comprehensive financing cost capitalized in inventories |
| (965,008 | ) | (563,154 | ) | (1,250,080 | ) | |||
Comprehensive financing cost after capitalization |
| Ps. | 314,742 |
| Ps. | 148,511 |
| Ps. | 508,673 |
|
8. Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Sales commissions paid in advance |
| Ps. | 321,415 |
| Ps. | 387,170 |
|
Sundry debtors |
| 73,555 |
| 126,927 |
| ||
Refundable taxes |
| 199,275 |
| 208,908 |
| ||
Other current assets |
| 27,033 |
| 32,049 |
| ||
Insurance and bond contracts |
| 6,404 |
| 9,613 |
| ||
Prepaid interest |
| 5,968 |
| 5,968 |
| ||
|
| Ps. | 633,650 |
| Ps. | 770,635 |
|
9. Property and equipment
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Buildings |
| Ps. | 253,412 |
| Ps. | 253,412 |
|
Machinery and equipment |
| 1,633,351 |
| 1,458,178 |
| ||
Transportation equipment |
| 114,471 |
| 102,251 |
| ||
Air transportation equipment |
| 75,203 |
| 75,203 |
| ||
Office furniture and equipment |
| 133,330 |
| 101,781 |
| ||
Computers |
| 123,416 |
| 99,802 |
| ||
Communication equipment |
| 43,189 |
| 38,490 |
| ||
|
| 2,376,372 |
| 2,129,117 |
| ||
Accumulated depreciation |
| (1,407,667 | ) | (1,050,426 | ) | ||
|
| 968,705 |
| 1,078,691 |
| ||
Land |
| 33,867 |
| 31,891 |
| ||
|
| Ps. | 1,002,572 |
| Ps. | 1,110,582 |
|
The amount of assets acquired via capitalized leases during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, was Ps. 49,667, Ps. 47,035 and Ps. 97,131, respectively.
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was Ps. 362,351, Ps. 371,402 and Ps. 323,727, respectively.
10. Other assets
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Debt issuance costs, net |
| Ps. | 148,166 |
| Ps. | 158,364 |
|
Trade accounts receivable, long-term (see Note 6) |
| 62,166 |
| 74,846 |
| ||
Financial instruments (see Note 12) |
| 19,804 |
| 4,375 |
| ||
Other |
| 13,032 |
| 11,976 |
| ||
Guarantee deposits |
| 12,675 |
| 29,305 |
| ||
Net value of the “BETA” trademark (1) |
| — |
| 45,527 |
| ||
|
| Ps. | 255,843 |
| Ps. | 324,393 |
|
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was Ps. 103,263, Ps. 112,007 and Ps. 101,294, respectively. The amortization of debt issuance of Ps. 57,736, Ps. 20,953 and Ps. 10,240 was allocated as interest expense as part of commissions and financing cost for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 respectively (see Note 23(3)). The expected amortization of debt issuance costs for the years 2011 to 2015 is as follows:
Year |
| Amortization |
| |
2011 |
| Ps. | 34,302 |
|
2012 |
| 22,855 |
| |
2013 |
| 19,210 |
| |
2014 |
| 18,419 |
| |
2015 and thereafter |
| 53,380 |
| |
|
| Ps. | 148,166 |
|
(1) “BETA” Trademark was allocated to the affordable entry-level segment. The amortization of Ps. 45,527, Ps. 91,054 and Ps. 91,054, for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, was allocated as part of the operating expenses.
11. Debt
a) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances of short-term indebtedness with financial institutions consist of the following:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
HSBC México, S.A. |
| Ps. | 50,000 |
| Ps. | — |
|
BBVA Bancomer, S.A. |
| 300,000 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
| 73,570 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
| 99,358 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Nacional de Mexico, S.A. |
| 62,640 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
| 6,394 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Itau BBA, S.A. |
| 86,723 |
| 68,535 |
| ||
Banco Fibra, S.A. |
| 24,737 |
| 9,569 |
| ||
Banco ABC Brasil, S.A. |
| 22,310 |
| 90,171 |
| ||
Banco HSBC, S.A. |
| 85,521 |
| 11,277 |
| ||
Banco Industrial e Comercial, S.A. |
| 22,686 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Pine, S.A. |
| 49,577 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Votorantim, S.A. |
| 52,056 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Bradesco, S.A. |
| 17,623 |
| — |
| ||
Interest payable |
| 28,921 |
| 881 |
| ||
Total |
| Ps. | 982,116 |
| Ps. | 180,433 |
|
b) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances of long-term debt with financial institutions consist of the following:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Bond issuance (“Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015”) by Credit Suisse First Boston and Merrill Lynch. These obligations are guaranteed by PICSA, DECANO and other subsidiary companies. They are USD denominated in the amount of US $250 million, with a fixed annual interest rate of 7.5%, payable on September 28, 2015. Interest is payable semiannually. |
| Ps. | 3,095,425 |
| Ps. | 3,260,925 |
|
Bond issuance (“Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019”) by Credit Suisse Securities LLC and HSBC Securities Inc. These obligations are guaranteed by PICSA, DECANO and CBC. They are USD denominated in the amount of US $250 million, with a fixed annual interest rate of 9.5%, payable on December 11, 2019. Interest is payable semiannually. |
| 3,095,425 |
| 3,232,500 |
| ||
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. |
| 1,462,613 |
| 888,738 |
| ||
GE Capital, S.A. |
| — |
| 4,520 |
| ||
Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. |
| 2,078,000 |
| 2,078,000 |
| ||
Bancomer, S.A. |
| 833,333 |
| — |
| ||
Banco BTG Pactual, S.A. |
| 369,576 |
| — |
| ||
Banco ABC Brasil, S.A. |
| 122,704 |
| — |
| ||
Banco Bradesco, S.A. |
| 389,547 |
| — |
| ||
Banco BNDES Brasil, S.A. |
| 5,993 |
| — |
| ||
Interest payable, primarily Senior Guaranteed Notes |
| 81,382 |
| 85,642 |
| ||
Total long-term debt |
| 11,533,998 |
| 9,550,325 |
| ||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| (746,397 | ) | (90,162 | ) | ||
Long-term debt balances |
| Ps. | 10,787,601 |
| Ps. | 9,460,163 |
|
Covenants
Loan covenants require the Company and its guarantor subsidiaries to meet certain obligations. These covenants cover changes in ownership control, restrictions on incurring additional debt that does not meet certain requirements established in the loan contracts, restrictions on the sale of assets and the sale of capital stock in subsidiaries, unless they meet certain requirements, and restricted payments where dividends cannot be paid or capital reimbursed to equity unless they are made between the guarantor subsidiaries.
Most significant financial covenants, contained within loan agreements, require the Company to maintain (based on MFRS financial information):
· A total of equity of at least Ps. 10,000,000;
· A ratio of interest coverage (EBITDA/net financing expense) over 3.0 times; and
· A ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost/EBITDA) of less than 3.25 to 1.0;
· A ratio of leverage (liabilities/equity) of less than 2.50 to 1.0;
· A ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost/equity) of less than 1.50 to 1.0;
There are also restrictions applicable to additional debt based on EBITDA levels. In the event the Company does not comply with any of the above provisions, it will be limited in its ability to pay dividends to its stockholders.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants contained within its debt agreements.
Debt maturities
As of December 31, 2010, long-term debt matures as follows:
Year |
| Amount |
| |
2012 |
| Ps. | 729,916 |
|
2013 |
| 3,865,874 |
| |
2014 |
| 961 |
| |
2015 |
| 3,095,425 |
| |
2019 |
| 3,095,425 |
| |
|
| Ps. | 10,787,601 |
|
The TIIE rates published in the Federal Official Gazette as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 were 4.8750% and 4.9150%, respectively. The exchange rate used to convert debt denominated in US Dollars and Brazilian Reals for the year ended December 31, 2010 were
12.3817 Mexican pesos and 7.4366 Mexican pesos, respectively. The exchange rate used to convert debt denominated in US Dollars and Brazilian Reals for the year ended December 31, 2009 were 13.0437 Mexican pesos and 7.5183 Mexican pesos, respectively.
12. Financial instruments
Financial Instruments Related to the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015
On July 6, 2008 the Company entered into derivative instruments in order to cover the possible changes in the exchange rate of future interest payments of the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 for US$250 million (“Interest-Only Swap”). This transaction does not meet hedge accounting requirements, and thus changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative have been and will be recorded in the Company’s current earnings as a component of comprehensive financing cost within the valuation effects of derivative instruments account. As of December 31, 2010 the fair value of this derivative was a liability position of Ps. 60,917 (US$ 4.9 million). As of December 31, 2009 the fair value of this derivative was a favorable asset position of Ps. 4,375 (US$ 0.3 million) (see Note 10).
The net accumulated expense in the statement of income of the Interest-Only Swap for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 was Ps. 68,572 and Ps. 61,600, respectively. The net accumulated income of the Interest-Only Swap was Ps. (90,639) for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Financial Instruments Related to the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019
As disclosed in Note 11, the Company’s Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019 are U.S. dollar denominated. In order to decrease the risk of future changes in the exchange rate between U.S. dollar and Mexican pesos, in December 11, 2009 the Company entered into a “Principal-Only Swap” with a notional value of US$250 million, which entitled the Company to receive this amount in 2019 in return for a payment in Mexican pesos at a fixed exchange rate of 12.93 Mexican pesos per U.S. Dollar. As part of this agreement, the Company will pay interest of 3.87% a year on the total notional amount of Ps. 3,232.5 million Mexican Pesos, in semiannual payments. In order to increase the amount of thresholds of these financial instruments and to avoid collateral margin calls, in May 2010 the Company changed its PO Swap rate from 3.87% to 4.39%.
In addition, on December 11, 2009 the Company entered into an “Interest-Only Swap” in order to cover the possible changes in the exchange rate of the first six interest payments of the Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019 for US$250 million (“Interest-Only Swap”).
The Principal-Only Swap transaction met hedge accounting requirements. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the fair value of this derivative was Ps. 447,243 (US$ 36.1 million) and Ps. 109,970 (US$ 8.4 million), respectively, and represented a liability.
The Interest-Only Swap transaction did not meet hedge accounting requirements. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of this derivative was Ps. 19,804 (US$ 1.6 million) and represented a favorable asset position (see Note 10). As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of this derivative was Ps. 9,114 (US$ 0.7 million) and represented a liability. The net accumulated gain in the statement of income of the Interest-Only Swap for the year ended December 31, 2010 was Ps. (28,918), and for the year ended December 31, 2009 was an expense of Ps. 4,851.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company had the following financial instruments:
As of December 31, 2010
Financial |
| Type |
| Notional |
| Fair value |
| Changes in |
| Changes in |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Interest-only swap (“2019”) |
| No hedge accounting |
| 47.50 million |
| Ps. | 19,804 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | (28,918 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Principal-only swap (“2019”) |
| Hedge accounting |
| 250.00 million |
| Ps. | (447,243 | ) | Ps. | (242,837 | ) | Ps. | — |
|
Interest-only swap (“2015”) |
| No hedge accounting |
| 37.50 million |
| (60,917 | ) | — |
| 68,572 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
| Ps. | (508,160 | ) | Ps. | (242,837 | ) | Ps. | 39,654 |
|
As of December 31, 2009
Financial |
| Type |
| Notional |
| Fair value |
| Changes in |
| Changes in |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Interest-only swap (“2015”) |
| No hedge accounting |
| 56.25 million |
| Ps. | 4,375 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 61,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Principal-only swap (“2019”) |
| Hedge accounting |
| 250.00 million |
| Ps. | (109,970 | ) | Ps. | (84,592 | ) | Ps. | — |
|
Interest-only swap (“2019”) |
| No hedge accounting |
| 71.25 million |
| (9,114 | ) | (3,280 | ) | 4,851 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
| Ps. | (119,084 | ) | Ps. | (87,872 | ) | Ps. | 66,451 |
|
Other Financial Instruments
During the normal course of operations the Company maintains net liability positions in foreign currency (US dollars) which are originated by its operations’ short and long-term liabilities. During 2008, the Company entered into hedging derivative financial instruments that were expected to mitigate the risk associated with the exchange loss in the acquisition of foreign currencies. However, due to the recent volatility in the exchange rate between the Mexican Peso and US dollar, the Company decided to cancel and or otherwise restructure all its hedging derivative financial instruments. The Company had an impact in its statement of income of approximately Ps. 404,601. The Company did not have these financial instruments during 2009 and 2010; therefore it did not have any impact in its statements of income for those years.
The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, were Ps. 33,094, Ps. 66,451 and Ps. 313,962, respectively.
13. Leases
a) Capital leases
As of December 31, 2010 there are contracts of capital leases of machinery and equipment for a 5 year period. The capital leases as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are shown as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in June 2007, with maturity in January 2013 and an interest rate at TIIE plus 0.80%. |
| Ps. | 149,540 |
| Ps. | 221,550 |
| |
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in September 2008, with maturity in October 2013 and interest rate at TIIE plus 0.80%. |
| 34,713 |
| 44,524 |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in December 2008, with maturity in January 2014 and interest rate at TIIE plus 3.50%. |
| 39,141 |
| 48,565 |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in March 2009, with maturity in April 2014 and interest rate at TIIE plus 3.50%. |
| 15,928 |
| 19,481 |
| |||
Leases provided by Leasing Operations de México, S. de R.L. de C.V. in April, May and August 2010, with maturities in April, May and October 2013 at an discounted interest rate of 13.39%. |
| 100,578 |
| — |
| |||
Financial leases provided by GE Financial Mexico, S.A. de C.V. in September 2010, with maturity in October 2013 and interest rate of 12.98%. |
| 554 |
| — |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Banco Itau, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from May through October 2009 and from May through September 2010 with maturities from May through November 2013 at an average interest rate of 20.69%. |
| 11,934 |
| 8,534 |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Banco Bradesco, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) in November and December 2009 as well as in November 2010 with maturities from November and December 2012 through December 2013 at an average interest rate of 15.91%. |
| 48,088 |
| 18,751 |
| |||
Financial leases provided by Banco Consorcio, S.A. (Brazilian financial institution) from July through December 2010 with maturities from January 2014 through November 2016 at an average interest rate of 23.91%. |
| 1,373 |
| — |
| |||
Interest payable |
| 3,185 |
| 1,711 |
| |||
Total capital leases |
| 405,034 |
| 363,116 |
| |||
Current portion of long-term capitalized leases |
| (169,604 | ) | (108,437 | ) | |||
Total long-term capital leases |
| Ps. | 235,430 |
| Ps. | 254,679 |
| |
Minimum compulsory payments relating to these contracts as of December 31, 2010, including interest payable monthly, are as follows:
Year |
| Total |
| |
2011 |
| Ps. | 169,604 |
|
2012 |
| 160,686 |
| |
2013 |
| 71,239 |
| |
2014 |
| 3,402 |
| |
2015 and thereafter |
| 103 |
| |
Total |
| Ps. | 405,034 |
|
Covenants
The most significant financial covenants of the leases require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain (based on MFRS financial information):
· A liquidity ratio of current assets to short-term liabilities no less than 1.50 to 1.0;
· A financing ratio of total liabilities (excluding deferred income taxes) to equity (excluding deferred income taxes) no greater than 1.70 to 1.0;
· A relation of operational income to net comprehensive financing cost at a minimum level of 2.0;
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company was in compliance with these financial covenants.
b) Operating leases
As of December 31, 2010 the Company had entered into agreements for the operating lease of machinery and equipment for a period of 5 to 6 years. The minimum compulsory payments relating to these agreements are as follows:
Year |
| 2010 |
| |
2011 |
| Ps. | 67,977 |
|
2012 |
| 49,873 |
| |
2013 |
| 30,204 |
| |
2014 |
| 10,796 |
| |
2015 |
| 8,672 |
| |
Total |
| Ps. | 167,522 |
|
Operating leases expensed for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 amounted to Ps. 64,982, Ps. 50,426 and Ps. 52,833, respectively.
14. Employee benefits obligations
The Company has a plan for covering seniority premiums which consists of a lump sum payment of 12 days’ wages for each year worked, calculated using the most recent salary, not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage established by law. Since 2005, the Company has recognized a liability for personal severance pay. The related liability and annual cost of such benefits are calculated by an independent actuary on the basis of formulas defined in the plans using the projected unit credit method.
As mentioned in Note 3, during 2008 the Company applied the provisions of new MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits which replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant effects of its application were as follows:
i) Additional labor cost of Ps. 5,559 being recognized in its 2008 statement of income as compared to prior period.
ii) Elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. Upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to shareholders equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008.
During 2010 the Company reduced its employee benefits obligations by canceling the non-statutory indemnity benefit contained its retirement plan. This curtailment resulting in a reduction of the net period pension cost during the year ended December 31, 2010.The benefit obligation that remains recorded as of December 31 2010 corresponds to the legal indemnity benefit due to termination or severance as well as seniority premiums.
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended 2010, 2009 and 2008, the present values of these obligations and the rates used for the calculations are as follows:
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2010 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Integration of Net Period Cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Labor cost |
| Ps. | 22,949 |
| Ps. | 1,875 |
| Ps. | 24,824 |
|
Financial cost |
| 10,964 |
| 562 |
| 11,526 |
| |||
Transition liability |
| 4,512 |
| 139 |
| 4,651 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan |
| 6,341 |
| 156 |
| 6,497 |
| |||
Actuarial losses |
| 48,328 |
| 2,674 |
| 51,002 |
| |||
Settlement effect / Curtailment |
| (86,507 | ) | (1,802 | ) | (88,309 | ) | |||
Net period cost |
| Ps. | 6,587 |
| Ps. | 3,604 |
| Ps. | 10,191 |
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2009 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Integration of Net Period Cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Labor cost |
| Ps. | 23,428 |
| Ps. | 1,932 |
| Ps. | 25,360 |
|
Financial cost |
| 10,605 |
| 478 |
| 11,083 |
| |||
Transition liability |
| 3,643 |
| 140 |
| 3,783 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan |
| 6,341 |
| 156 |
| 6,497 |
| |||
Actuarial gains |
| (3,437 | ) | (825 | ) | (4,262 | ) | |||
Net period cost |
| Ps. | 40,580 |
| Ps. | 1,881 |
| Ps. | 42,261 |
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2008 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority premium |
| Total |
| |||
Integration of Net Period Cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Labor cost |
| Ps. | 14,002 |
| Ps. | 1,748 |
| Ps. | 15,750 |
|
Financial cost |
| 9,084 |
| 309 |
| 9,393 |
| |||
Transition liability |
| 3,643 |
| 139 |
| 3,782 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan |
| 9,144 |
| 306 |
| 9,450 |
| |||
Actuarial losses (gains) |
| 78,392 |
| (367 | ) | 78,025 |
| |||
Net period cost |
| Ps. | 114,265 |
| Ps. | 2,135 |
| Ps. | 116,400 |
|
|
| Balances as of December 31, 2010 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Vested benefit obligations |
| Ps. | 87,002 |
| Ps. | 8,122 |
| Ps. | 95,124 |
|
Transition liability |
| (2,108 | ) | (211 | ) | (2,319 | ) | |||
Prior services and changes to the plan |
| (1,976 | ) | (350 | ) | (2,326 | ) | |||
Non-recognized actuarial gain |
| — |
| (1 | ) | (1 | ) | |||
Net projected liability |
| Ps. | 82,918 |
| Ps. | 7,560 |
| Ps. | 90,478 |
|
|
| Balances as of December 31, 2009 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Vested benefit obligations |
| Ps. | 116,356 |
| Ps. | 5,273 |
| Ps. | 121,629 |
|
Transition liability |
| (10,930 | ) | (418 | ) | (11,348 | ) | |||
Prior services and changes to the plan |
| (17,900 | ) | (594 | ) | (18,494 | ) | |||
Non-recognized actuarial gain |
| 6,286 |
| 114 |
| 6,400 |
| |||
Net projected liability |
| Ps. | 93,812 |
| Ps. | 4,375 |
| Ps. | 98,187 |
|
The changes in the balance of labor obligations for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 are as follows:
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2010 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Initial balance |
| Ps. | 93,812 |
| Ps. | 4,375 |
| Ps. | 98,187 |
|
Labor cost |
| 22,949 |
| 1,875 |
| 24,824 |
| |||
Financial cost |
| 10,964 |
| 562 |
| 11,526 |
| |||
Transition liability |
| 4,512 |
| 139 |
| 4,651 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan |
| 6,341 |
| 156 |
| 6,497 |
| |||
Actuarial losses |
| 48,328 |
| 2,674 |
| 51,002 |
| |||
Settlement effect / Curtailment |
| (86,507 | ) | (1,802 | ) | (88,309 | ) | |||
Benefits paid |
| (17,481 | ) | (419 | ) | (17,900 | ) | |||
Ending balance |
| Ps. | 82,918 |
| Ps. | 7,560 |
| Ps. | 90,478 |
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2009 |
| |||||||
|
| Severance pay |
| Seniority |
| Total |
| |||
Initial balance |
| Ps. | 82,184 |
| Ps. | 2,966 |
| Ps. | 85,150 |
|
Labor cost |
| 23,428 |
| 1,932 |
| 25,360 |
| |||
Financial cost |
| 10,605 |
| 478 |
| 11,083 |
| |||
Transition liability |
| 3,643 |
| 140 |
| 3,783 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan |
| 6,341 |
| 156 |
| 6,497 |
| |||
Actuarial gains |
| (3,437 | ) | (825 | ) | (4,262 | ) | |||
Benefits paid |
| (28,952 | ) | (472 | ) | (29,424 | ) | |||
Ending balance |
| Ps. | 93,812 |
| Ps. | 4,375 |
| Ps. | 98,187 |
|
The following is an analysis at December 31 of the Company’s liabilities that make up its labor obligations related to seniority premiums and employee termination payments for reasons other than corporate restructuring:
|
| Seniority premium |
| Severance pay |
| ||||||||||||||
|
| Defined |
| Plan |
| Pending |
| Defined |
| Plan |
| Pending |
| ||||||
|
| benefit |
| situation |
| amortized |
| benefit |
| situation |
| amortized |
| ||||||
Year |
| obligations |
| deficit |
| Items |
| obligations |
| deficit |
| Items |
| ||||||
2010 |
| Ps. | 8,122 |
| Ps. | 8,122 |
| Ps. | 562 |
| Ps. | 87,002 |
| Ps. | 87,002 |
| Ps. | 4,084 |
|
2009 |
| 5,273 |
| 5,273 |
| 1,176 |
| 116,356 |
| 116,356 |
| 35,367 |
| ||||||
2008 |
| 4,122 |
| 4,122 |
| 1,156 |
| 112,617 |
| 112,617 |
| 30,443 |
| ||||||
2007 |
| 5,125 |
| 5,125 |
| 1,452 |
| 111,052 |
| 111,052 |
| 35,376 |
| ||||||
2006 |
| 2,685 |
| 2,685 |
| 1,305 |
| 55,469 |
| 55,469 |
| 39,967 |
| ||||||
Beginning in 2008, the transition liability is being amortized over a five-year period.
The rates used in the actuarial analysis are as follow:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
Discounts of labor obligations |
| 7.98 | % | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % |
Salary increases |
| 4.79 | % | 4.50 | % | 4.50 | % |
Inflation rates |
| 3.75 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % |
At December 31, 2010, the Company has recognized accrued liabilities on trade accounts payable, as of other creditors, for the short-term direct benefits on vacation and vacation premium for Ps. 33,149 and Ps. 4,566, respectively.
15. Trade accounts payable
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Suppliers |
| Ps. | 2,164,013 |
| Ps. | 1,618,256 |
|
Revolving credit lines * |
| 867,924 |
| 220,853 |
| ||
Other creditors |
| 378,642 |
| 360,972 |
| ||
Total accounts payable |
| Ps. | 3,410,579 |
| Ps. | 2,200,081 |
|
* The Company established a trust that allows its suppliers and land suppliers to obtain financing from various financial institutions, in part through a factoring program sponsored by Nacional Financiera S.N.C. (“Nafinsa”). In relation to this program, the Company established a trust fund called Fideicomiso AAA-Homex with “Nafinsa”, which granted a line of credit for Ps.1,000,000 with a guarantee fund of Ps. 127,530 and Ps. 122,809, respectively (investment account), as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. Under this program, the AAA-Homex trust can make use of the Nafinsa line of credit to finance a portion of the accounts receivable of the Company’s suppliers. As mentioned in Note 2, the AAA Homex trust is a consolidated subsidiary of the Company. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, this factoring program encompassed approximately 4,542 and 4,270 suppliers and land suppliers, respectively, where the financing resources are covered by the suppliers themselves.
16. Land suppliers
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Short-term |
| Ps. | 646,070 |
| Ps. | 548,586 |
|
Short-term revolving credit line * |
| 132,071 |
| 789,640 |
| ||
Total short-term |
| Ps. | 778,141 |
| Ps. | 1,338,226 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Long-term land suppliers |
| Ps. | 41,441 |
| Ps. | 74,659 |
|
* See Note 15 above.
Land suppliers represent the outstanding balance payable to the Company’s suppliers of land currently in use or estimated to be developed. Long-term land suppliers represent payables with maturities of over twelve months.
17. Equity
a) Common stock issued at par value (historical Pesos) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 is as follows:
|
| Number of Shares |
| Amount |
| ||||||
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Fixed capital: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Sole series |
| 335,869,550 |
| 335,869,550 |
| Ps. | 425,443 |
| Ps. | 425,443 |
|
b) Retained earnings include the statutory legal reserve. The General Corporate Law requires that at least 5% of net income of the year be transferred to the legal reserve until the reserve equals 20% of capital stock at par value. The legal reserve may be capitalized but may not be distributed unless the entity is dissolved. The legal reserve must be replenished if it is reduced for any reason. The legal reserve as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted Ps. 105,602 and is included as part of the retained earnings.
c) The balances of the equity tax account as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Contributed capital account |
| Ps. | 4,287,837 |
| Ps. | 4,107,124 |
|
Earnings distributed in excess of the balances of the Net Tax Profit Account (CUFIN) will be subject to income tax payable by the companies at the rate in force. At December 31, 2010 the Company’s CUFIN balance is Ps. 835,767.
d) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company has a stock option plan that consists of 945,741 and 1,072,432 approved stock options of the Company, respectively.
A total of 978,298 stock options were initially granted to the key executives. During 2007 these grants were made at an exercise price of 98.08 Mexican pesos, which was in excess of the shares’ underlying fair value at the grant date. During 2008, a total of 29,929 options were exercised, and 335,853 options were cancelled upon separation of the related employees. In addition, during 2009 the Company increased the number of shares available in the stock option plan by 73,232 and granted 321,549 options at an exercise price of 43.54 Mexican pesos. During 2010 the Company did not increase any of the shares underlying its stock options plan, nor did it grant any new options. However a total of 126,691 stock options were exercised in 2010. Also during 2010, 612,516 options were forfeited as the right for them to be exercised concluded.
The executives have the right to exercise one-third of their total options granted per year. The right to exercise the option expires after one year from the grant date or, in some cases, after 180 days from the departure of the executive from the Company. Given the condition of the equity markets in 2008 and 2009, the Company’s Compensation Committee authorized the modification of the terms of the awards. Specifically, the duration of the program for options granted up to December 31, 2008, was extended whereby the exercise of awards if not made in the previously specified period, could be exercised one year following but not later than December 31, 2010.
During 2009, the Company also made changes to the underlying option grants made in 2007 and 2009 so as for them to now be ultimately settled with issuance of Company shares rather than with the payment of Company cash. Both of these events were considered substantive changes to the underlying terms of the previous stock option grants, and compensation expense related to these changes has been re-measured accordingly.
The following information is an analysis of stock option activity during the years:
|
| Options |
| Stock options |
| Average |
| |
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |
Stocks repurchased for future grant |
| 999,200 |
| — |
| Ps. | 99.42 |
|
Stock options granted |
| (978,298 | ) | 978,298 |
| 98.08 |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
| 20,902 |
| 978,298 |
| 98.08 |
| |
Stock options forfeited |
| 335,853 |
| (335,853 | ) | 98.08 |
| |
Stock options exercised |
| 29,929 |
| (29,929 | ) | 98.08 |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
| 386,684 |
| 612,516 |
| 98.08 |
| |
Shares repurchased for future option grants |
| 73,232 |
| — |
| 46.69 |
| |
Stock options granted |
| (321,549 | ) | 321,549 |
| 43.54 |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
| 138,367 |
| 934,065 |
| 79.30 |
| |
Stock options exercised |
| — |
| (126,691 | ) | 43.54 |
| |
Stock options forfeited |
| 612,516 |
| (612,516 | ) | 98.08 |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
| 750,883 |
| 194,858 |
| Ps. | 43.54 |
|
The weighted average exercise price of stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2010 is as follows:
|
| Number of options |
| Exercise price |
| |
Granted in 2009 |
| 194,858 |
| Ps. | 43.54 |
|
The average fair value of all the stock options outstanding was 39.30, 15.63 and 6.02 Mexican pesos per stock option, during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, 126,691 of the stock options granted in 2009 were exercised at an exercise price of Ps. 43.54, resulting in an increase of Ps. 5,516 in the equity.
Key assumptions used to calculate the fair value for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
Expected dividend yield |
| 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % |
Expected stock price volatility |
| 29.56 | % | 59.56 | % | 72.21 | % |
Risk-free interest rate |
| 4.21 | % | 5.54 | % | 7.72 | % |
Expected life of options in years |
| 2 years |
| 3 years |
| 2.5 years |
|
Model used |
| Black Scholes Merton |
| Black Scholes Merton |
| Black Scholes Merton |
|
Total compensation cost related to vested stock option awards not recognized was Ps. 4,212 at December 31, 2010. Compensation cost related to vested stock option awards totaled Ps. 10,638 at December 31, 2009. Total compensation cost related to vested stock option awards not recognized was Ps. 3,687 at December 31, 2008.
e) On March 10, 2008, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $250 million in treasury stock through market transaction. The Company did not repurchased treasury shares during 2010. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company repurchased 49,500 treasury shares for Ps. 1,398.
f) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, 800,383 and 187,867 shares remain in treasury, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, 999,200 shares legally remain in treasury.
18. Foreign currency balances and transactions
a) As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the foreign currency monetary position is as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||||||||
|
| Thousands of |
| Thousands of |
| Thousands of |
| Thousands of |
| ||||
Monetary assets |
| US$ | 246 |
| BR$ | 11,477 |
| US$ | 6,046 |
| BR$ | 10,444 |
|
Monetary liabilities |
| (508,901 | ) | (222,177 | ) | (563,074 | ) | (69,880 | ) | ||||
Monetary liability position, net |
| US$ | (508,655 | ) | BR$ | (210,700 | ) | US$ | (557,028 | ) | BR$ | (59,436 | ) |
Equivalent in Mexican pesos |
| Ps. | (6,298,014 | ) | Ps. | (1,566,892 | ) | Ps. | (7,265,706 | ) | Ps. | (446,858 | ) |
b) The exchange rates in effect at the dates of the consolidated balance sheets and issuance of the consolidated financial statements were as follows:
|
| (In Mexican pesos) |
| ||||
|
| December 31, |
| December 31, |
| June 29, 2011 |
|
U.S. dollar |
| 12.3817 |
| 13.0437 |
| 11.8389 |
|
Egyptian pound |
| 2.1182 |
| 2.3921 |
| 2.0136 |
|
Brazilian real |
| 7.4366 |
| 7.5183 |
| 7.5373 |
|
Indian rupee |
| 0.2714 |
| 0.2788 |
| 0.2612 |
|
19. Transactions and balances with related parties
a) For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, there are no balances from/to related parties.
b) Compensation paid to the Company’s key managerial personnel or relevant directors is as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Short and long-term direct benefits |
| Ps. | 196,788 |
| Ps. | 201,058 |
| Ps. | 191,148 |
|
Termination benefits |
| 2,422 |
| 6,508 |
| 35,276 |
| |||
Stock option compensation expense recorded |
| — |
| 10,638 |
| 616 |
| |||
|
| Ps. | 199,210 |
| Ps. | 218,204 |
| Ps. | 227,040 |
|
During 2007 and 2009, certain stock option benefits were granted to key employees as disclosed in Note 17d.
There were no post retirement benefits payments during the years presented herein.
20. Segment reporting
The Company generates separate reports by affordable entry-level, middle-income and other. The following segment reporting information is presented according to the information used by management for decision-making purposes. The Company segregates the financial information by segments, (affordable entry-level, middle-income and other) considering the operational and organizational structure of the business despite its geographical localization (which was established by house models as explained in the next paragraph), according to the provisions of Bulletin B-5 Segment reporting.
General description of the products or services
Mexico’s developer-built housing industry is divided into three segments according to cost: affordable entry-level, middle-income, and residential. The prices of affordable entry-level segment range between Ps. 195 and Ps. 540; those of the middle-income segment are between Ps. 541 and Ps. 1,885 and those of the residential segment are above Ps. 1,885. The Company’s focus is to provide affordable entry-level and middle-income housing for its customers. Therefore, the operating segments that are presented in detail are the affordable entry-level and the middle-income segments, in conformity with guidelines of Bulletin B-5.
Affordable entry-level developments range in size from 500 to 20,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 300 homes each. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, affordable entry-level homes had an average price of approximately Ps. 338, Ps. 326 and Ps. 297, respectively. A typical affordable entry-level home consists of a kitchen, living-dining area, one to three bedrooms, and one bathroom.
Middle-income developments range in size from 400 to 2,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 200 homes each. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, middle income homes had an average price of approximately Ps. 1,086, Ps. 978 and Ps. 958, respectively. A typical middle-income home consists of a kitchen, dining room, living room, two or three bedrooms, and two bathrooms.
Other includes revenues from construction services to government, sales and services to third parties and the tourism housing division.
The following table shows the operating results by each segment identified as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008:
Year ending December 31, 2010 |
| Entry-level |
| Middle-income |
| Other |
| Consolidated |
| ||||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 13,288,656 |
| Ps. | 5,176,573 |
| Ps. | 1,187,080 |
| Ps. | 19,652,309 |
|
Income from operations |
| 1,990,999 |
| 775,590 |
| 177,857 |
| 2,944,446 |
| ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 314,843 |
| 122,646 |
| 28,125 |
| 465,614 |
| ||||
Year ending December 31, 2009 |
| Entry-level |
| Middle-income |
| Other |
| Consolidated |
| ||||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 13,791,983 |
| Ps. | 3,406,806 |
| Ps. | 277,700 |
| Ps. | 17,476,489 |
|
Income from operations |
| 2,145,742 |
| 530,027 |
| 43,204 |
| 2,718,973 |
| ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 381,494 |
| 94,234 |
| 7,681 |
| 483,409 |
| ||||
Year ending December 31, 2008 |
| Entry-level |
| Middle-income |
| Other |
| Consolidated |
| ||||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 11,291,405 |
| Ps. | 3,424,362 |
| Ps. | 10,061 |
| Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Income from operations |
| 1,584,232 |
| 480,453 |
| 1,412 |
| 2,066,097 |
| ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 325,896 |
| 98,835 |
| 290 |
| 425,021 |
| ||||
The income from operations caption in the tables above were calculated as the total revenue from each segment, less allocated total consolidated operating cost and expenses. The allocation of total consolidated operating costs and expenses into the segments was based on the percentage that the sales in each segment represent of the total consolidated sales. Depreciation and amortization expense is allocated to each segment using the same basis as operating costs and expenses.
The Company has domestic operations in Mexico and international operations in Brazil and India. Mexican operating segments are disclosed above. India assets and operations are immaterial as of December 31, 2010. The Company´s operations in Brazil started in 2010. Brazil revenues are disclosed in Note 1, its pre-tax loss from operations is disclosed in Note 24 and, it had approximately Ps. 427,466 in current assets and Ps. 514,046 in long lived assets as of December 31, 2010.
The Company does not segregate its total assets by operating segment.
21. Operating expenses
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Administrative |
| Ps. | 1,567,707 |
| Ps. | 1,332,178 |
| Ps. | 1,259,870 |
|
Selling |
| 1,367,145 |
| 1,048,448 |
| 952,478 |
| |||
Amortization expense of BETA trademark |
| 45,527 |
| 91,054 |
| 91,054 |
| |||
|
| Ps. | 2,980,379 |
| Ps. | 2,471,680 |
| Ps. | 2,303,402 |
|
The table below shows the most significant operating expenses:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Salaries and other benefits |
| Ps. | 874,212 |
| Ps. | 711,366 |
| Ps. | 614,560 |
|
Office expenses |
| 103,281 |
| 88,271 |
| 99,411 |
| |||
Advertising |
| 90,944 |
| 72,044 |
| 203,211 |
| |||
22. Other (expenses) income
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Brazilian settlement (1) |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | (48,536 | ) |
Tax surcharges |
| (136,193 | ) | (44,155 | ) | (30,312 | ) | |||
Current profit-sharing |
| — |
| — |
| (67,707 | ) | |||
Deferred profit-sharing |
| — |
| — |
| (3,061 | ) | |||
Other (expense) income, net |
| (6,572 | ) | 49,475 |
| 9,378 |
| |||
|
| Ps. | (142,765 | ) | Ps. | 5,320 |
| Ps. | (140,238 | ) |
(1) See Note 25.
23. Interest expense
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Interest expense related to senior guaranteed notes (1) |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | — |
|
Other interest expense |
| 173,610 |
| 162,069 |
| 127,526 |
| |||
Commissions and financing costs (2) (3) |
| 166,505 |
| 163,641 |
| 59,695 |
| |||
|
| Ps. | 340,115 |
| Ps. | 325,710 |
| Ps. | 187,221 |
|
(1) As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 the interest expense related to senior guaranteed notes was Ps. 681,871, Ps. 288,156 and Ps. 269,052, respectively; however due to the MFRS D-6 application, these amounts were fully capitalized during the three years (see Note 7).
(2) Includes the commissions paid by the Company to INFONAVIT and Registro Único de Vivienda (RUV), when obtaining approval of individual financing for its customers. The commissions facilitate the home sales and cash inflows recovery, so the Company considers these commissions as part of the financing costs. The amounts expensed in 2010, 2009 and 2008 were Ps. 77,651, Ps. 66,131 (as restated) and Ps. 56,318 (restated), respectively.
(3) Due to anticipated payments made by the Company of short-term lines of credit during December 2010 and 2009 (see Note 11), the Company amortized Ps. 12,888 and Ps. 45,873, respectively, related to debt issuance costs previously capitalized in other assets.
24. Income tax, asset tax and Flat Rate Business Tax (IETU)
In accordance with Mexican tax law, the Company is subject to income tax (ISR) and Flat Rate Business Tax (“IETU”) and files its tax returns on an individual entity basis and the related tax results are combined in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The ISR is computed taking into consideration the taxable and deductible effects of inflation, such as depreciation calculated on restated asset values. Taxable income is increased or reduced by the effects of inflation on certain monetary assets and liabilities through the inflationary component, which is similar to the gain or loss from monetary position.
The Company files ISR and IETU tax returns on an individual entity basis and the related tax results are combined in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
On December 7, 2009 a tax reform bill was approved and published, which reformed, amended and annulled certain tax dispositions that were effective on January 1, 2010.
This tax reform bill enacted an ISR rate increase that is to be effective as follows:
a) for years 2010 to 2012, 30%;
b) for year 2013, 29%; and
c) for year 2014 and future years, 28%
In addition, certain changes to the consolidation regime are effective. However, the Company is not subject to such regime.
The IETU of the period is calculated applying the rate of 17.5% (16.5% for 2008, 17% for 2009 and 17.5% for 2010) based on income determined by cash flows less authorized credits.
The credits for the IETU are mainly composed of unamortized negative IETU base, salaries and social security contributions, and deductions from assets such as inventories and fixed assets, during the initial transition period.
The payment of IETU is required only to the extent that it exceeds the ISR for the same period. The ISR paid during the period will reduce the total IETU payable for the same period.
When the deductions exceed the accumulated income (negative IETU), no IETU is levied. The amount of the negative IETU multiplied by the applicable rate, results in an IETU credit, which can be offset against the ISR generated in the same period or against the IETU payable, if any, within the next ten years.
Based on projected tax calculations in the future it is estimated that the Company will be subject to the payment of the ISR only.
a) As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 the ISR consist of the following:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
ISR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Current |
| Ps. | 557,395 |
| Ps. | 279,974 |
| Ps. | 141,569 |
|
Deferred |
| 349,602 |
| 714,415 |
| 314,687 |
| |||
|
| Ps. | 906,997 |
| Ps. | 994,389 |
| Ps. | 456,256 |
|
To determine deferred ISR as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company applied the different tax rates that were in effect beginning in 2010, to temporary differences according to their estimated dates of reversal.
The operations in Brazil generated loss before taxes of Ps. 711,389 and taxes of Ps. 28,016 and they were computed and paid under Brazilian Tax regulations.
b) The reconciliation of the statutory and effective ISR rates expressed as a percentage of income before the ISR is:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
|
| % |
| % |
| % |
|
Statutory rate: |
| 30 |
| 28 |
| 28 |
|
Add effect of permanent differences mainly: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nondeductible expenses |
| 6 |
| 3 |
| 1 |
|
Difference between book and tax inflation effects |
| (6 | ) | 5 |
| 2 |
|
Tax losses allowance from Brazil operations |
| 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of change in statutory rate on deferred ISR * |
| — |
| 3 |
| — |
|
Effective tax rate |
| 36 |
| 39 |
| 31 |
|
* The effect of change in the statutory rate on deferred ISR represented an additional charge in the consolidated statement of income for 2009 of Ps. 78,624.
c) At December 31, 2010 and 2009 the main items comprising the asset (liability) balance of deferred ISR are:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Deferred ISR: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Effect of tax loss carryforwards |
| Ps. | 930,107 |
| Ps. | 617,150 |
|
Other creditors |
| 462,420 |
| 423,148 |
| ||
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| 22,830 |
| 31,485 |
| ||
Labor obligations |
| 26,143 |
| 23,565 |
| ||
Asset tax recoverable |
| 11,311 |
| 10,873 |
| ||
PTU liability incurred |
| 462 |
| 5,087 |
| ||
Derivative financial instruments |
| 107,346 |
| 32,032 |
| ||
Unbilled revenues on developments in progress |
| (133,680 | ) | (59,627 | ) | ||
Construction-in-process, inventories and taxable inventory (1) |
| (4,386,163 | ) | (3,772,069 | ) | ||
Property and equipment |
| (10,143 | ) | (68,429 | ) | ||
Other assets |
| (20,880 | ) | (134,269 | ) | ||
Prepaid expenses |
| (3,447 | ) | (2,808 | ) | ||
Deferred ISR liability |
| (2,993,694 | ) | (2,893,862 | ) | ||
Valuation allowance (see paragraph f below) |
| (604,139 | ) | (421,843 | ) | ||
Total deferred liability, net |
| Ps. | (3,597,833 | ) | Ps. | (3,315,705 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Asset |
| Ps. | 779,268 |
| Ps. | 643,640 |
|
Liability |
| (4,377,101 | ) | (3,959,345 | ) | ||
|
| Ps. | (3,597,833 | ) | Ps. | (3,315,705 | ) |
(1) In conformity with the Mexican Income Tax Law (MITLA) in force through December 31, 2004, the cost of sales was considered as a non-deductible expense and inventory purchases and production costs were considered as deductible items. This tax treatment in the MITLA gave rise to a temporary difference because of the difference in the book value of inventories and its corresponding tax value. Effective January 1, 2005, the MITLA considers cost of sales as a deductible item instead of inventory purchases and production costs. The MITLA established transition rules to be followed to include the December 31, 2004 inventory balance into taxable revenue. However, as result of the interpretation of the transition rules established by the MITLA, the Company did not include its inventory balance at December 31, 2004. Consequently, the Company recorded a taxable inventory as a deferred tax liability of Ps. 187,425 and Ps. 156,555 as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. This taxable inventory relates to the inventory item and tax law change described above as it is the source of income on which the Company did not pay taxes.
d) As of December 31, 2010 the tax loss carryforward expiring in the following ten years amounted to Ps. 3,099,644.
i. The asset tax, used to be a minimum income tax, was payable based on 1.25% of the average value of most assets net of certain liabilities. The balances as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 of the asset tax were Ps. 11,311 and Ps. 10,873, respectively.
ii. The loss carryforwards and recoverable IMPAC for which the deferred ISR asset and prepaid ISR, respectively, have been recognized can be recovered subject to certain conditions. Tax loss carryforwards and recoverable IMPAC for which the deferred ISR asset and prepaid ISR, respectively, have been recognized can be recovered, subject to certain conditions. The amounts as of December 31, 2010 and expiration dates are:
|
| Tax Loss |
| Recoverable |
| ||
Year of Expiration |
| Carry-forwards |
| IMPAC |
| ||
2012 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 377 |
|
2013 |
| — |
| 1,328 |
| ||
2014 |
| — |
| 2,216 |
| ||
2015 |
| — |
| 1,685 |
| ||
2016 |
| 49,249 |
| 1,550 |
| ||
2017 |
| — |
| 4,155 |
| ||
2018 |
| 692,063 |
| — |
| ||
2019 |
| 1,061,281 |
| — |
| ||
2020 |
| 1,297,051 |
| — |
| ||
|
| Ps. | 3,099,644 |
| Ps. | 11,311 |
|
Additionally for its Brazilian operations the Company has accumulated tax loss carry forward that at December 31, 2010 amount Ps. 141,374. Due to the uncertainty to recover these tax losses, an allowance for the total amount was recognized as of December 31, 2010.
e) The Federal tax authority has the right to perform reviews of the taxes paid by Mexican companies for a period of five years; therefore tax years beginning with 2005 are subject to possible review.
f) The Company has taken certain positions in its annual tax returns which are classified as uncertain tax positions for financial reporting purposes. Specifically, uncertain tax positions currently outstanding relate to the Company’s interpretation of the MITLA related to the inclusion of certain debts in the calculation of the inflation adjustment, and the deduction of land by real estate developers. As of December 31, 2009, uncertain tax positions result in Ps. 421,843 in deferred tax assets which have been provided for through a full valuation allowance, and an additional current liability in the amount of Ps. 248,781. As of December 31, 2010, uncertain tax positions result in Ps. 604,139 in deferred tax assets which have been provided for through a full valuation allowance, and an additional current liability in the amount of Ps. 775,946.
25. Contingencies and commitments
Construction guarantees
The Company provides a two-year warranty against construction defects to all of its customers which could be due to the Company’s own activities, to defects in the construction materials provided by third parties (electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or to other circumstances not within the control of the Company.
The Company is insured against any defect, hidden or visible, that could occur during the construction, and after the construction for a certain period of time. In addition, the contractors provide a surety against any hidden or visible defects which is refunded on the approval of customers. The contractors also provide a security fund to cover any probable claims from customers during the warranty period, which is returned to them once such period ends.
Insurance coverage expensed for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 amounted to Ps. 3,584, Ps. 3,226 and 2,904, respectively.
Settlement of Contingency
In July 2007, the Company entered into a Quota holders’ Agreement with Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada (“E.O.M”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to contribute 67% and E.O.M. agreed to contribute 33% of the projected 4.0 million Brazilian Reals capital stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes and Construcoes Imobiliarios Limitada. Following disagreements with E.O.M., the Company exercised its right to withdraw from the Quota holders’ Agreement.
In November 2008, the Company reached an agreement (“Brazilian settlement”) to end the Quota holders’ Agreement entered into with E.O.M in July 2007, and terminate all litigation that had been taking place in the previous months. The settlement of the dispute included the purchase of the 33% interest of members of the Khafif family in Homex Brasil, through E.O.M., for 8,352,941 Brazilian Reals, equivalent to approximate Ps. 48,536, which has been paid out as of December 31, 2010. The Company has treated the 2008 step acquisition of this non-controlling interest as a transaction between entities under common control, as is appropriate under MFRS. Because E.O.M. had negligible identifiable tangible or intangible assets as of the date of the transaction, the Company has recognized the entire amount of this transaction as a settlement expense (other expense) in the statement of income for 2008 (See Note 22).
The Company now operates in Brazil through its 100% subsidiary.
Commitment
At December 15, 2010 the Company through its subsidiary Homex India Private Limited, celebrated an investment agreement with Kotak Real Estate Fund - I, for which, in case of achieving certain conditions,
that are obtaining all the permits, licenses and necessary authorizations for the construction of a development in the city of Chennai, India, the Company will acquire all equity shares of KS Realty Constructions Private Limited (KS Realty), company that owns the land on which the project will be developed.
KS Realty has liabilities and other credits or debt for approximately 1,600 million rupees (US 36 million) that the Company shall pay in five installments, the first one in the closing date (for 50 million rupees) and the following four in six, fourteen, twenty and thirty six months after the closing date for 388 million rupees each.
At the date of the financial statements, the Company is still waiting on the conditions to be achieved in order to acquire all equity shares of KS Realty.
Other Contingencies
The Company is party to various legal disputes as a result of the normal course of construction business. The Company is of the opinion that the ultimate outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
26. Subsequent events
In November 12, 2010, the Company entered into a master agreement of cooperation with the Omar Kassem Alesayi Group from the Saudi Arabia Kingdom on which both parties agreed to join efforts in order to develop projects of entry-level homes during 2011 and onward. The first project will be developed in Al Qara in the city of Jeddah, with a total of 1,450 units under a co-development agreement with Aqarat Real Estate Development Company.
The Company will invest 55% of 10 million riyals (approximately US$ 2.7 million) in the joint venture.
At the date of the financial statements, the Company is still in the process of creating the entity for the joint venture and obtain the corresponding governmental authorization.
On April 27, 2011, the Company through one of its subsidiaries, entered into a short-term Credit Agreement with Credit Suisse AG, in an aggregate principal amount of US$150 million dollars due April 27, 2012, bearing a variable rate of LIBOR plus 3.50%. Upon the execution of this agreement and the proper documentation, the Company will enter into an Interest-Only Swap that will effectively convert floating amounts into peso denominated rate of approximately TIIE minus 0.825%. The use of proceeds is to repay or refinance indebtedness of the parent Company and/or its subsidiaries.
During the first quarter of the year, the Company paid and renewed some of its revolving credit lines. In addition the Company entered into two new revolving credit lines for working capital needs, one for Ps. 200,000 with Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A. and the other one for Ps. 200,000 with Banco Mercantil del Norte, S.A.
On May 26, 2011, the Company through its Brazilian subsidiary MCA Incorporacoes, S.A. celebrated a simple and guaranteed debentures issuance, through the issuance of 1,279 debentures for which it received R$ 127,300,000 (approximately Ps. 946.68 million or US$76.46 million). This amount was used to refinance liabilities for the Brazilian operations and is due on April 11, 2016.
27. New accounting principles
During 2009 and 2010, the following new accounting standards were issued under MFRS. All of these standards were adopted by the Company on January 1, 2011, except for the adoption of IFRS, which will be adopted on January 1, 2012. At the date of the financial statements, the Company is evaluating the effect of the observance that these new accounting standards will have on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial position; as well as disclosures to the consolidated financial statements.
Effective in 2011:
MFRS B-5, Reporting Financial Information by Segment
This MFRS replaces MFRS B-5, Reporting Financial Information by Segment and establishes the criteria to identify the entity’s segments to disclose as well as the disclosures about those segments. In addition, establishes disclosure requirements of certain of the Entity’s information.
The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) MFRS B-5 includes a managerial approach, while previous MFRS B-5, although it referred to managerial approach, required that the information to disclose were referred to identified segments based on the products or services, geographical areas and customers homogenous groups, also requiring that that information would be segregated in primary and secondary information; (b) new MFRS does not require that business areas are subject to different risks amongst them, in order to qualify as operative segments, while previous MFRS B-5 did; (c) in accordance to new MFRS B-5, business areas in development stage could be catalogued as operative segment, while previous MFRS B-5 required operative segments to generate revenues; (d) MFRS B-5 requires to disclose by segments income interest and interest expense, as well as other comprehensive financial cost items, while previous MFRS B-5 did not require this information; and (e) MFRS B-5 requires to disclose the amounts of liabilities that are included in the usual information of an operative segment that the Company normally uses to make decisions, while previous MFRS B-5 did not require this and let management the option to do so or not.
MFRS C-4, Inventories
In November 2010, the CINIF issued MFRS C-4, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011 and will replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-4, Inventories. Any accounting changes resulting from the adoption of this standard related to changes in the formula for assigning inventory costs are to be recognized retrospectively. Changes in valuation methods must be recognized prospectively.
The principal difference between Mexican accounting Bulletin C-4 and MFRS C-4 is that the new standard does not allow using direct costs as the inventory valuation method nor does it allow using the LIFO cost method as the formulas (former method) for the assignment of unit cost to the inventories. MFRS C-4 establishes that inventories must be valued at the lower of either acquisition cost or net realizable value. Such standard also establishes that advances to suppliers for the acquisition of merchandise must be classified as inventories provided the risks and benefits are transferred to the Company. Lastly, MFRS C-4 includes guidelines for the valuation of the inventories of service suppliers.
At the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements, the Company is in the process of determining the effects of the adoption of this new standard on its financial information.
MFRS C-5, Prepaid Expenses
In November 2010, the CINIF issued MFRS C-5, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. MFRS C-5 will replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-5. Any accounting changes resulting from the adoption of this standard must be recognized retrospectively.
This standard establishes that the main characteristic of a prepaid expense is that it does not result in the transfer to the entity of the benefits and risks inherent to the goods or services to be received. Consequently, prepaid expenses must be recognized in the balance sheet as either current or non-current assets, depending on the item classification in the statement of financial position. Moreover, MFRS C-5 establishes that prepaid expenses made for good or services whose inherent benefits and risks have already been transferred to the entity must be carried to the appropriate caption.
At the date of issuance of the financial statements, the Company is in the process of determining the effects of the adoption of this new standard on its consolidated financial information.
MFRS C-6, Property, Plant and Equipment
MFRS C-6 was issued by the CINIF in December 2010 to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, Property, Machinery and Equipment, and will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, except for the changes related to the segregation of property, plant and equipment into separate components for those assets with different useful lives. For entities that have not performed this component segregation, the provisions of this new standard will be effective as of January 1, 2012.
Unlike Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, the scope of this standard includes the accounting treatment for assets to develop or maintain biological assets and assets related to the mining industry. Among other points, it establishes that for acquisitions of free-of-charge assets, the cost of the assets must be null, thus eliminating the option of performing appraisals. In the case of asset exchanges, MFRS C-6 requires entities to determine the commercial substance of the transaction. The depreciation of these assets must be applied against the components of the assets, and the amount to be depreciated is the cost of acquisition less the asset’s residual value. Prepaid expenses for the acquisition of assets are to be recognized as a component of the asset as of the time the benefits and risks inherent to such assets are transferred. In the case of retirement of assets, income is recognized when the requirements for income recognition outlined under the standard have been met. MFRS C-6 also outlines specific disclosures for public entities.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the effects that the adoption of these new standards will have on its consolidated financial statements.
Effective in 2012:
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
On January 27, 2009 the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores or CNBV) established through the Federation Official Gazette the requirements for listed companies to prepare and present their financial information under IFRS beginning in 2012. Likewise it was specified that early adoption for the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 is allowed.
The Company will begin to prepare and present its financial information under IFRS effective January 1, 2012.
28. Summary of differences between Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) and US GAAP
The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with MFRS, which vary in certain significant respects from US GAAP. A reconciliation of the reported net income, equity and comprehensive income to US GAAP is presented in Note 29b and g.
Effective January 1, 2008, and as a result of adopting Standard B-10, Effects of inflation, the Company ceased recognizing the effects of inflation in its financial statements and considered the restated amounts of all non-monetary items as their carrying basis as of January 1, 2008. The Company has not reconciled inflation adjustments recorded prior to 2008, nor has it reconciled inflation adjustments still included in its non-monetary items, including depreciation.
The United States Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) released the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or “ASC” for short, on January 15, 2008 and it became effective in the summer of 2009. At that time all previous US GAAP reference sources became obsolete. The ASC organizes thousands of U.S. GAAP pronouncements under approximately 90 accounting topic areas. The objective of this project was to arrive at a single source of authoritative U.S. accounting and reporting standards, other than guidance issued by the SEC. Below are references to various ASC’s, and their former US GAAP references.
The differences between MFRS and US GAAP included in the reconciliation that affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company are as follows:
a) Revenue and cost recognition
The substantial majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from the construction of homes on Company owned land, and the related sale of such homes. Under US GAAP, the Company recognizes these revenues pursuant to ASC 360.20 (formerly FAS 66 Accounting for Sales of Real Estate Sales). Such revenues are recognized when all of the following events occur:
· a sale is consummated;
· a significant initial consideration is received (when applicable);
· the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured.
All such conditions typically occur at the time the title passes to the homebuyer, and he has the legal right to take possession of this property.
In situations where the Company sells customers a house with incremental improvements beyond the “basic” house, the Company recognizes amounts from the customer on a cash-basis when received, which is essentially cost recovery accounting.
Pursuant to MFRS, and the adoption of IMFRS 14, as of January 1, 2010, the Company uses what is often referred to as “completed contract method” of accounting for revenues and costs. The principal remaining difference between ASC 360.20 and IMFRS 14 relates to: (1) revenues from FOVI and INVI financial institutions, that are typically recognized for MFRS purposes before they are recognized for US GAAP purposes, since for US GAAP purposes they do not yet comply with one of the ASC conditions above, specifically that a significant down payment is received, that is typically more than 10%, and (2) the deferral and thus recognition on a cash basis for US GAAP of unsecured home-buyer receivables.
Approximately Ps. 246,846 and Ps. 198,755 of the Company’s revenues during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were derived from construction services performed pursuant to a formal contract with the Mexican Government, on Mexican Government owned land. Such revenues have been accounted for US GAAP purposes under a percentage-of-completion method of accounting pursuant to ASC 605.35 (formerly SOP 81-1 — “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts”), consistent with MFRS. For the year ended December 31, 2008, there were not construction services.
A reconciling item for the incremental revenues and costs associated with the above differences is included in the US GAAP reconciliation of net income and equity for all periods presented.
b) Deferred income taxes
The Company follows ASC740.10 (formerly SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”) for US GAAP purposes, which differs from the MFRS. Under MFRS, the effects of inflation on the deferred tax balance generated by monetary items are recognized in the result on monetary position. Under US GAAP, the deferred tax balance is classified as a non-monetary item. As a result, the consolidated statement of operations differs with respect to the presentation of the gain (loss) on monetary position and deferred income tax provision.
As a result of the differences related to the recognition of revenue, costs and interest capitalization as described below, the related deferred income tax presented under MFRS is different from the effect calculated in accordance with US GAAP.
Below is a reconciliation of deferred tax balances between MFRS and USGAAP:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Deferred income tax liability according to MFRS, net |
| Ps. | 3,597,833 |
| Ps. | 3,315,705 |
|
Effect of US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Accounts receivable |
| (64,578 | ) | (59,321 | ) | ||
Inventories |
| (56,797 | ) | (82,960 | ) | ||
Financial instruments |
| (2,947 | ) | — |
| ||
Business acquisition (negative goodwill) |
| 104,742 |
| — |
| ||
Other, net |
| 60,793 |
| 35,109 |
| ||
Deferred income tax liability according to US GAAP, net |
| Ps. | 3,639,046 |
| Ps. | 3,208,533 |
|
Deferred income tax balance sheet classification:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||||||||
|
| Current |
| Non-current |
| Current |
| Non-current |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Deferred tax assets |
| Ps. | 427,921 |
| Ps. | 1,062,437 |
| Ps. | 470,287 |
| Ps. | 225,670 |
|
Deferred tax liability |
| (4,530,764 | ) | (598,640 | ) | (3,936,522 | ) | 32,032 |
| ||||
Net deferred tax (liability) asset |
| Ps. | (4,102,843 | ) | Ps. | 463,797 |
| Ps. | (3,466,235 | ) | Ps. | 257,702 |
|
At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had Ps.463,797 and Ps. 257,702, respectively, of net long-term deferred tax assets. These amounts include net operating loss carryforwards as disclosed in Note 24. The Company believes that it is more likely than not those amounts will ultimately be recovered, primarily through the reversal of deferred tax liabilities. Accordingly, no valuation allowance has been provided under US GAAP for these amounts.
Bellow is the roll forward of the Company’s provision for uncertain tax positions:
Description |
| Beginning |
| Tax provisions |
| Potential tax |
| Ending |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Provision for uncertain tax positions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
2010 |
| Ps. | 248,781 |
| Ps. | 454,231 |
| Ps. | 72,934 |
| Ps. | 775,946 |
|
2009 |
| 102,969 |
| 132,828 |
| 12,984 |
| 248,781 |
| ||||
2008 |
| — |
| 102,969 |
| — |
| 102,969 |
| ||||
Please refer to the note 24 f)
c) Classification differences
Under MFRS the cash and restricted cash are shown on the same row as Cash and cash equivalents. Under USGAAP restricted cash is shown separately.
Under MFRS, advances for the purchase of land and construction materials are recorded as part of the cost of real estate inventories. Under US GAAP, such advances are classified as prepaid expenses.
Under MFRS, deferred taxes are classified as non-current. US GAAP requires a current or non-current classification based on the classification of the related asset or liability.
Under MFRS, the commissions paid by the Company to INFONAVIT and Registro Unico de Vivienda (RUV), when obtaining approval of individual financing for its clients, which facilitate home sales and cash inflows recovery are consider part of the financing costs; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as operating costs.
Under MFRS, amounts due under the Company’s factoring agreements are included in trade accounts payable; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as a borrowing from the financial intermediary.
Under MFRS, interest expense from the factoring program sponsored by Nafinsa is included in the net comprehensive financing cost; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as part of the cost of sales.
Under MFRS, profit- sharing costs are considered as an “other expense” For USGAAP purposes, employee statutory profit-sharing is classified as an operating expense.
Under MFRS, Ps. 48,536 of other expenses were reclassified to operating expenses for US GAAP purposes in 2008.
d) Inventory
Inventories under US GAAP are stated at cost. Inventories as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are as follows:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Land: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Titled land |
| Ps. | 9,727,606 |
| Ps. | 9,937,437 |
|
Contracted land |
| 2,467,273 |
| 2,673,289 |
| ||
|
| 12,194,879 |
| 12,610,726 |
| ||
Land held for future developments |
| (10,591,499 | ) | (10,912,389 | ) | ||
Land |
| 1,603,380 |
| 1,698,337 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Other inventories: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Construction-in-process |
| 14,943,516 |
| 10,089,257 |
| ||
Construction materials |
| 576,499 |
| 512,355 |
| ||
Total other inventories |
| 15,520,015 |
| 10,601,612 |
| ||
Total inventories |
| Ps. | 17,123,395 |
| Ps. | 12,299,949 |
|
e) Goodwill and backlog
The amount of goodwill under US GAAP related to a 2006 acquisition is greater than that reported under MFRS, due to the difference in the revenue recognition methods between MFRS and US GAAP and the amount of backlog recorded under US GAAP differed from the reported under MFRS. This backlog has been fully amortized as of December 31, 2010, and thus the difference in equity is presented below essentially relates to differences in the carrying value of goodwill between MFRS and US GAAP.
Goodwill is not amortized. However, it is subject to annual impairment tests as required by ASC 350.10 (formerly SFAS 142), and is adjusted for any impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to the affordable entry-level segment.
f) Labor obligations
The Company has recorded liabilities for the seniority premium and termination indemnity (severance) liabilities for its Mexican subsidiaries with employees (Administradora Picsa, Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste and Altos Mandos de Negocios). For its MFRS consolidated financial statements, the Company applies MFRS D-3. Significant assumptions (weighted-average rates) used in determining net periodic pension cost and the Company’s related plan obligations are described in Note 14.
Severance indemnities: Under MFRS, effective 2005 revised Bulletin D-3 requires the recognition of a severance indemnity liability calculated based on actuarial valuations. Recognition criteria under US GAAP are established in ASC712.10 (formerly SFAS No. 112, “Employers’ Accounting for Post-employment Benefits”), which requires that a liability for certain termination benefits provided under an ongoing benefit arrangement such as these statutorily mandated severance indemnities be recognized when the likelihood of future settlement is probable and the liability can be reasonably estimated. MFRS allows for the Company to amortize the transition
obligation related to the adoption of revised Bulletin D-3 over the expected service life of the employees, but beginning January 1, 2008 the transition obligation must be amortized at most in five years. However, US GAAP required the Company to recognize such effect upon initial adoption under ASC715.10, which results in an immaterial difference in the amount recorded under the two accounting principles.
Prior to the adoption of ASC715 (formerly SFAS No. 158), there was no difference in the liabilities recorded for pension plans and seniority premiums between MFRS and US GAAP.
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Unrecognized items: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Transition obligation |
| Ps. | 457 |
| Ps. | 9,613 |
|
Prior service cost |
| 170 |
| 9,522 |
| ||
Net actuarial loss (gain) |
| 1,707 |
| (17,634 | ) | ||
Unrecognized ítems |
| Ps. | 2,334 |
| Ps. | 1,501 |
|
For purposes of determining the cost of pension plans, seniority premiums and severance indemnities under US GAAP, the Company uses a December 31 measurement date for its seniority premiums and severance indemnities.
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Change in benefit obligations: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |
| Ps. | 121,639 |
| Ps. | 116,749 |
|
Net periodic cost |
| (9,440 | ) | 49,152 |
| ||
Benefits paid |
| (17,900 | ) | (29,424 | ) | ||
Other comprehensive income |
| 825 |
| (14,838 | ) | ||
Unfunded status |
| Ps. | 95,124 |
| Ps. | 121,639 |
|
Net periodic costs for 2010, 2009 and 2008 are summarized below:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Integration of Net Periodic Costs: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Labor cost |
| Ps. | 24,823 |
| Ps. | 25,360 |
| Ps. | 15,750 |
|
Financial cost |
| 11,527 |
| 11,083 |
| 9,393 |
| |||
Amortization of transition liability |
| 2,507 |
| 1,639 |
| 1,639 |
| |||
Actuarial losses |
| 47,921 |
| 9,902 |
| 78,518 |
| |||
Amortization of prior services adjustments |
| — |
| 1,168 |
| — |
| |||
Curtailment |
| (96,218 | ) | — |
| — |
| |||
Net periodic costs |
| Ps. | (9,440 | ) | Ps. | 49,152 |
| Ps. | 105,300 |
|
g) Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments
ASC 820.10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 - Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).
When possible the Company uses quoted prices to determine fair value. Where quoted prices are not available, the fair value is internally derived based upon appropriate valuation methodologies with respect to the amount and timing of future cash flows and estimated discount rates. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop estimates of fair value, so the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange. The effect of using different market assumptions or estimation methodologies could be material to the estimated fair values. Fair value presented herein is based on information available at December 31, 2010 and 2009. Although management is not aware of any factors
that would be significantly affect the fair value amounts, such amounts have not been updated since those dates. Therefore the current estimates of fair value at dates after December 31, 2010 and 2009 could differ significantly from these amounts.
The fair value of total debt, excluding capital leases and interest payables, is estimated for variable rate debt whereby changes in interest rates generally do not impact the fair value of the debt instrument, and quoted market prices are used for senior guaranteed notes at December 31, 2010 and 2009. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the carrying value of total debt is Ps.12,807,660 and Ps. 10,005,640, respectively. The fair value is Ps. 13,441,705 at December 31, 2010 and Ps. 9,484,226 at December 31, 2009.
The Company’s estimate of the derivative’s fair value was made using Level 2 evidence as per the ASC820.10 hierarchy discussed above.
ASC 820.10 requires the fair value of an asset or liability to be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Therefore, if market participants would consider counterparty credit risk in pricing the derivative contract, then an entity’s valuation methodology under US GAAP should incorporate the effect of this risk on fair value. MFRS does not specifically require the inclusion of the counterparty’s credit risk in the computation of fair value. The Company has incorporated the counterparty credit risk into the valuation of their derivative positions under US GAAP, but not under MFRS.
The Company determined the US GAAP fair value of its principal-only and interest-only swaps as of December 31, 2010 to be Ps. 494,054, resulting in a difference of Ps. 14,106 from the carrying value of Ps.508,160 shown in the December 31, 2010 MFRS balance sheet. Differences attributable to counterparty credit risk were immaterial during periods prior to 2009, and thus have not been reflected as reconciling items in those years.
h) Capitalization of net comprehensive financing cost
Under MFRS, the capitalization of net comprehensive financing cost (interest, foreign exchange gains and losses and monetary position gains and losses) incurred to finance investment projects is capitalized.
Under US GAAP, if interest is incurred during the construction of qualifying assets, capitalization is required as part of the cost of such assets. The Company applies the weighted-average interest rate on all outstanding debt to the balance of construction-in-progress additions during the period. Accordingly, a reconciling item for the capitalization of interest is included in the US GAAP reconciliation of net income and equity, and the effect of interest capitalized to the cost of inventories is included within operating income for US GAAP purposes.
In practice, the primary difference between financing cost capitalization methods applied for US GAAP and for MFRS purposes relates to the capitalization of foreign currency exchange movements (both gains and losses) for MFRS purposes, while for US GAAP purposes only interest costs are capitalized. As the amounts are capitalized to inventory and then ultimately released to cost of sales as the inventory is sold, resulting capitalized differences may at times ultimately impact the gross profit margin percentage comparisons between US GAAP and MFRS.
i) Business acquisition
Under MFRS, business acquisitions are recorded using the purchase method. If the net assets acquired at fair value are greater than the purchase price, the acquired assets are adjusted to their relative fair value purchase price in accordance to the order established in MFRS B-7, allocating the fair value adjustment to the non-monetary assets.
Under US GAAP, if net assets acquired at fair value are greater than the purchase price (“negative goodwill”), a gain from bargain purchase is recorded in the statement of income on the acquisition date.
j) Commitments and contingencies
The Company holds insurance that covers defects, hidden or visible, during construction and which also covers the warranty period provided by the Company to home buyers. As mentioned in Note 25 to the financial statements, the Company provides a two year warranty to all of our customers. This warranty could apply to damages derived either from Company operations or from defects in materials supplied by third parties (such as electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or other circumstances outside the Company’s control.
For manufacturing defects, the Company does not recognize a warranty accrual in the accompanying consolidated financial statements since it obtains a security bond from our contractors to cover the claims related to their work. The Company withholds a guarantee
deposit from them, which is reimbursed to the contractors once the warranty for manufacturing defects period expires. The Company believes that at December 31, 2010 and 2009, there were no unrecorded losses with respect to these warranties.
29. Reconciliation of MFRS net income and equity to US GAAP net income and equity and the presentation of condensed financial statements in accordance with US GAAP.
As discussed in Note 3a, during 2010 the Company retrospectively adopted the provisions of IMFRS 14. The reconciliation information presented below has been restated to include retrospectively adjusted MFRS financial information for all periods, and accordingly restated reconciliation items. However, and except as disclosed in the next paragraph, the ending US GAAP financial information has not changed from amounts previously presented.
While preparing its 2010 consolidated financial statements and specifically its adoption of IMFRS 14, the Company undertook additional reconciliation control procedures that identified certain inflationary effects that were capitalized into US GAAP inventory balances during previous years, which were not subsequently relieved when the related US GAAP inventory was sold. This error resulted in an overstatement of US GAAP inventory balances and US GAAP equity balances for multiple accounting periods. The correction of this error had no impact on revenues or net income during any of the three year periods presented herein. The Company has retrospectively adjusted its US GAAP financial information included herein so as correct this error. The impact of this adjustment is as follows:
|
| January 1, 2009 as |
| Correction |
| January 1, |
| |||
US GAAP inventory |
| Ps. | 12,678,921 |
| Ps. | (638,275 | ) | Ps. | 12,040,646 |
|
US GAAP deferred income tax liability |
| Ps. | 2,639,465 |
| Ps. | 178,753 |
| Ps. | 2,818,218 |
|
US GAAP equity |
| Ps. | 9,493,561 |
| Ps. | (459,522 | ) | Ps. | 9,034,039 |
|
a. Reconciliation of Consolidated Net Income for the Year
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Consolidated net income according to MFRS as restated |
| Ps. | 1,579,942 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues (Note 28a) |
| 14,981 |
| 181,205 |
| 167,589 |
| |||
Costs (Note 28a) |
| (11,626 | ) | (112,666 | ) | (156,691 | ) | |||
Labor obligations (Note 28f) |
| 19,630 |
| (6,692 | ) | 11,110 |
| |||
Capitalization of financing costs (Note 28h) |
| 196,601 |
| 26,544 |
| (518,542 | ) | |||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables (Note 28a) |
| (31,372 | ) | (37,712 | ) | (8,705 | ) | |||
Deferral of future involvement |
| (1,129 | ) | (365 | ) | 3,529 |
| |||
Prepaid sales commissions |
| 33,529 |
| (16,640 | ) | (22,303 | ) | |||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments (Note 28g) |
| 51,047 |
| (72,286 | ) | — |
| |||
Gain (negative goodwill) on business acquisition (Note 28i) |
| 374,078 |
| — |
| — |
| |||
Other items |
| — |
| — |
| 29,667 |
| |||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| 645,739 |
| (38,612 | ) | (494,346 | ) | |||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| (180,065 | ) | (42,775 | ) | 139,329 |
| |||
Total US GAAP adjustments |
| 465,674 |
| (81,387 | ) | (355,017 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 2,045,616 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
|
b. Reconciliation of Consolidated Equity
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Consolidated equity according to MFRS |
| Ps. | 12,320,511 |
| Ps. | 10,905,812 |
| Ps. | 9,448,641 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Revenues (Note 28a) |
| (71,085 | ) | (86,066 | ) | (267,271 | ) | |||
Costs (Note 28a) |
| 54,817 |
| 66,443 |
| 179,109 |
| |||
Backlog (goodwill) (Note 28e) |
| (237,001 | ) | (237,001 | ) | (237,001 | ) | |||
Labor obligations (Note 28f) |
| (4,646 | ) | (23,442 | ) | (31,588 | ) | |||
Prepaid sales commissions |
| 2,358 |
| (31,171 | ) | (14,531 | ) | |||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year (Note 28a) |
| (140,700 | ) | (109,328 | ) | (71,616 | ) | |||
Deferral of future involvement |
| (3,420 | ) | (2,291 | ) | (1,926 | ) | |||
Acquisition of non controlling interest |
| 79,438 |
| 79,438 |
| 79,438 |
| |||
Gain (negative goodwill) on business acquisition (Note 28i) |
| 374,078 |
| — |
| — |
| |||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments (Note 28g) |
| (21,239 | ) | (72,286 | ) | — |
| |||
Capitalization of financing costs (Note 28h) |
| (128,910 | ) | (325,511 | ) | (352,055 | ) | |||
Goodwill, net (Note 28e) |
| 86,754 |
| 86,754 |
| 86,754 |
| |||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| (9,556 | ) | (654,461 | ) | (630,687 | ) | |||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| (6,744 | ) | 173,312 |
| 216,085 |
| |||
Total US GAAP adjustments |
| (16,300 | ) | (481,149 | ) | (414,602 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Equity according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 12,304,211 |
| Ps. | 10,424,663 |
| Ps. | 9,034,039 |
|
c. Reconciliation of Consolidated Comprehensive Income
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Consolidated net income according to MFRS |
| Ps. | 1,579,942 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Comprehensive income adjustments |
| 72,078 |
| (42,400 | ) | 23,362 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Labor obligations |
| (825 | ) | 14,838 |
| 28,570 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Fair value adjustments for financial instruments hedges |
| (242,837 | ) | (87,872 | ) | — |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Net US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Net income |
| 465,674 |
| (81,387 | ) | (355,017 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Comprehensive income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 1,874,032 |
| Ps. | 1,384,572 |
| Ps. | 657,845 |
|
d. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets according to US GAAP
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| ||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Current assets |
| Ps. | 23,496,997 |
| Ps. | 17,751,648 |
|
Land for development |
| 10,591,499 |
| 10,912,389 |
| ||
Property and equipment |
| 1,376,650 |
| 1,110,582 |
| ||
Goodwill |
| 650,344 |
| 650,344 |
| ||
Other assets |
| 1,313,288 |
| 550,062 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Total assets |
| Ps. | 37,428,778 |
| Ps. | 30,975,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Liabilities and equity |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Current liabilities |
| Ps. | 12,875,279 |
| Ps. | 10,625,255 |
|
Long-term liabilities |
| 12,249,288 |
| 9,925,107 |
| ||
Equity |
| 12,304,211 |
| 10,424,663 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Total liabilities and equity |
| Ps. | 37,428,778 |
| Ps. | 30,975,025 |
|
Inflationary accounting was discontinued in Mexico as of December 31, 2007. It came to management attention that for the 2006 and 2007 periods, certain inflation adjustments may have been miss applied. These adjustments were reflected on current assets, current liabilities, long-term liabilities and equity balances as of December 31, 2009.
e. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations according to US GAAP
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 19,628,540 |
| Ps. | 17,615,888 |
| Ps. | 14,884,701 |
|
Costs |
| 13,754,383 |
| 12,658,080 |
| 10,398,464 |
| |||
Gross profit |
| 5,874,157 |
| 4,957,808 |
| 4,486,237 |
| |||
Operating income |
| 2,955,455 |
| 2,527,445 |
| 2,108,793 |
| |||
Income before income taxes |
| 3,132,676 |
| 2,534,550 |
| 894,612 |
| |||
Income taxes |
| 1,087,060 |
| 1,034,544 |
| 288,699 |
| |||
Consolidated net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 2,045,616 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
|
Less: income attributable to the non-controlling interests |
| 68,179 |
| (11,351 | ) | 38,131 |
| |||
Net income attributable to the controlling interests |
| Ps. | 1,977,437 |
| Ps. | 1,511,357 |
| Ps. | 567,782 |
|
Consolidated net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 2,045,616 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
|
Other comprehensive income |
| (171,584 | ) | (115,435 | ) | 51,932 |
| |||
Consolidated comprehensive income |
| 1,874,032 |
| 1,384,571 |
| 657,845 |
| |||
Less: comprehensive income attributable to the non-controlling interest |
| 68,179 |
| (11,351 | ) | 38,131 |
| |||
Comprehensive income attributable to the controlling interest |
| Ps. | 1,805,853 |
| Ps. | 1,395,922 |
| Ps. | 619,714 |
|
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |
| 334,748 |
| 334,830 |
| 334,870 |
| |||
Earnings per share of controlling interest according to US GAAP (basic and diluted) |
| Ps. | 5.91 |
| Ps. | 4.51 |
| Ps. | 1.70 |
|
f. Condensed statements of cash flows according to US GAAP
The following cash flow statements were prepared in accordance with ASC230 provided by operating, financing and investing activities, giving effect to the US GAAP adjustments, excluding the effect of inflation required by Bulletin B-10. The following information is presented in thousands of historical pesos and is not presented in pesos of constant purchasing power:
|
| 2010 |
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| |||
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 2,045,616 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
|
Non-cash items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Depreciation |
| 362,351 |
| 371,402 |
| 323,727 |
| |||
Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing |
| 529,665 |
| 781,178 |
| 150,191 |
| |||
Share-based payment transactions |
| — |
| 10,638 |
| — |
| |||
Amortization |
| 45,527 |
| 91,054 |
| 91,054 |
| |||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (170,830 | ) | (184,346 | ) | 715,500 |
| |||
Change in valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 70,008 |
| 66,451 |
| 313,962 |
| |||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
| (5,120,579 | ) | (2,965,678 | ) | (5,975,681 | ) | |||
Net cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities |
| (2,238,242 | ) | (329,295 | ) | (3,775,334 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Investments in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Property and equipment |
| (347,950 | ) | (95,465 | ) | (575,379 | ) | |||
Acquisition of Loreto |
| (290,478 | ) | — |
| — |
| |||
Net cash flows used in investing activities |
| (638,428 | ) | (95,465 | ) | (575,379 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Short-term (payments) borrowings, net |
| 743,662 |
| (1,672,256 | ) | 1,143,732 |
| |||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings |
| 2,477,964 |
| 4,168,004 |
| 2,377,795 |
| |||
Repayments of long-term borrowings |
| (164,854 | ) | (84,468 | ) | (237,508 | ) | |||
Shares—based options exercised |
| 5,516 |
| — |
| — |
| |||
Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan |
| — |
| (4,586 | ) | — |
| |||
Net cash flows provided by financing activities |
| 3,062,288 |
| 2,406,694 |
| 3,284,019 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| 185,618 |
| 1,981,934 |
| (1,066,694 | ) | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
| 3,122,074 |
| 1,140,140 |
| 2,206,834 |
| |||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 3,307,692 |
| Ps. | 3,122,074 |
| Ps. | 1,140,140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Supplemental cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Interest paid |
| Ps. | 1,265,649 |
| Ps. | 874,911 |
| Ps. | 665,807 |
|
Income tax paid |
| Ps. | 33,658 |
| Ps. | 16,403 |
| Ps. | 123,351 |
|
Income tax recovered |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 59,675 |
| Ps. | — |
|
Non-cash financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||
Capital lease obligation incurred |
| Ps. | 49,667 |
| Ps. | 47,035 |
| Ps. | 97,131 |
|
g. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity according to US GAAP
|
| Common |
| Additional |
| Treasury |
| Retained |
| Other |
| Equity of |
| Equity |
| Comprehensive |
| ||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2007 |
| Ps. | 528,011 |
| Ps. | 3,280,222 |
| Ps. | (99,342 | ) | Ps. | 4,640,215 |
| Ps. | (44,839 | ) | Ps. | 71,927 |
| Ps. | 8,376,194 |
| Ps. | 1,772,469 |
| ||||||||
Comprehensive income adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 23,362 |
|
|
| 23,362 |
| 23,362 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 28,570 |
|
|
| 28,570 |
| 28,570 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 567,782 |
|
|
| 38,131 |
| 605,913 |
| 605,913 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2008 |
| 528,011 |
| 3,280,222 |
| (99,342 | ) | 5,207,997 |
| 7,093 |
| 110,058 |
| 9,034,039 |
| 657,845 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Shares repurchased for stock option plan |
|
|
|
|
| (4,586 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
| (4,586 | ) |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation transactions |
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (87,872 | ) |
|
| (87,872 | ) | (87,872 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 14,838 |
|
|
| 14,838 |
| 14,838 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1,511,357 |
| (42,400 | ) | (11,351 | ) | 1,457,606 |
| 1,457,606 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2009 |
| 528,011 |
| 3,290,860 |
| (103,928 | ) | 6,719,354 |
| (108,341 | ) | 98,707 |
| 10,424,663 |
| 1,384,572 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Share based-payments exercised |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
Changes in fair value of derivative instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (220,982 | ) |
|
| (220,982 | ) | (220,982 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Ineffective financial instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (21,855 | ) |
|
| (21,855 | ) | (21,855 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (825 | ) |
|
| (825 | ) | (825 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1,977,437 |
| 72,078 |
| 68,179 |
| 2,117,694 |
| 2,117,694 |
| ||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2010 |
| Ps. | 528,011 |
| Ps. | 3,290,860 |
| Ps. | (98,412 | ) | Ps. | 8,696,791 |
| Ps. | (279,925 | ) | Ps. | 166,886 |
| Ps. | 12,304,211 |
| Ps. | 1,874,032 |
| ||||||||
30. Additional US GAAP disclosure information
a) Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes
The Company adopted the provisions of ASC740 (formerly FASB Interpretation No. 48,”Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN48) as of January 1, 2007).
The Company establishes reserves to remove some or all of the tax benefit of any of tax positions at the time it determines that it becomes uncertain based upon one of the following conditions: (1) the tax position is not “more likely than not” to be sustained, (2) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but for a lesser amount, or (3) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but not in the financial period in which the tax position was originally taken.
For purposes of evaluating whether or not a tax position is uncertain, (1) the Company presumes the tax position will be examined by the relevant taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, (2) the technical merits of a tax position are derived from authorities such as legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, rulings and case law and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the tax position, and (3) each tax position is evaluated without consideration of the possibility of offset or aggregation with other tax positions taken.
A number of years may elapse before a particular uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved or when a tax assessment is raised. The number of years subject to tax assessments varies depending on the tax jurisdiction and is generally five years for the countries in which the Company principally operates. The tax benefit that has been previously reserved because of a failure to meet the “more likely than not” recognition threshold would be recognized in our income tax expense in the first period when the uncertainty disappears under any one of the following conditions: (1) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, (2) the tax position, amount, and/or timing is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation, or (3) the statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired.
b) Recent accounting pronouncements
U.S. GAAP
The most relevant US GAAP standards that came into force in each of the three years ended December 31, 2010 are described below:
In 2010:
No significant US GAAP standards were initially adopted in 2010.
In 2009:
ASC 810.10 (formerly FAS 160)
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“FAS 160”). FAS 160 was codified as a component of ASC 810.10. ASC 810.10 requires non-controlling interests held by parties other than the parent in subsidiaries to be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity.
This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company’s US GAAP financial information included in Note 29 was previously retrospectively adjusted for all periods to reflect the adoption of ASC 810.10.
ASC 805.10 (formerly FAS 141 (R))
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“FAS 141 (R)”). FAS 141 (R) was a revision of FAS 141 and was codified as a component of ASC 805.10. This new guidance requires that costs incurred to effect the acquisition (i.e., acquisition-related cost) be recognized separately from the acquisition. In addition, restructuring costs that the acquirer expected but was not obligated to incur, which included changes to benefit plans, were recognized as if they were a liability assumed at the acquisition date. This new guidance requires the acquirer to recognize those costs separately from the business combination. This new guidance is effective for the Company in 2009, and did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, primarily as no acquisitions occurred during that year.
ASC 815.10 (formerly FAS 161)
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“FAS 161”). FAS 161 was codified as a component of ASC 815.10. This new guidance requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivatives and hedging activities to improve the transparency of financial reporting. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. This new guidance increases year end disclosures but did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
ASC 350.10 (formerly FSP FAS 142-3)
In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”). FSP FAS 142-3 was codified as a component of ASC 350. This new guidance amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset. The new guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. This pronouncement did not have any impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operation.
ASC 323.10 (formerly EITF 08-6)
In November 2008, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations”. EITF 08-6 was codified as a component of ASC 323.10. This new guidance provides guidance on the application of the equity method. It states equity-method investments should be recognized using a cost accumulation model. Also, it requires that equity method investments as a whole be assessed for other-than-temporary impairments. This new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for transactions in an investee’s shares occurring or impairments recognized in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. During the years ended December 31, 2009, the Company’s equity method investments did not represent a
significant component of its operations. Accordingly, the adoption of this EITF did not have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
ASC 350.30 (formerly EITF 08-7)
In November 2008, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF 08-7 “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets”. EITF 08-7 was codified as a component of ASC 350.30. This new guidance provides that intangible assets that an acquirer intends to use as defensive assets, intangible assets acquired in a business combination or an asset acquisition that an entity does not intend to actively use but does intend to prevent others from using, are a separate unit of account from the existing intangible assets of the acquirer. It also states that a defensive intangible asset should be amortized over the period that fair value of the defensive intangible asset diminishes. This new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for transactions occurring in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. This new guidance did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
ASC 855 (formerly FAS 165)
In May 2009, the FASB issued ASC 855, “Subsequent Events”. ASC 855 establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. In particular, ASC 855 sets forth (1) the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, (2) the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements and (3) the disclosures that an entity should make about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date. In accordance with ASC 855, an entity should apply the requirements to annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009. Subsequent events have been considered through the financial statement approval date specified in Note 1 above.
In 2008:
ASC 820.10 (formerly FAS 157)
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurement.” SFAS No. 157 was codified as a component of ASC 820.10. This guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for the measurement of fair value, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. The statement does not require any new fair value measures.
The statement is effective for fair value measures already required or permitted by other standards for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and it is required to be applied prospectively, except for certain financial instruments. Any transition adjustment will be recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption. When adopted in 2008, this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations at adoption.
ASC 820.10 (formerly FSP 157-3)
In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Assets When the Market of that Asset is not Active” (FSP 157-3). FSP 157-3 was codified as a component of ASC 820.10. This new guidance provides an example that clarifies and reiterates certain provisions of the existing fair value standard, including basing fair value on orderly transactions and usage of management and broker inputs. This new guidance was effective immediately and did not have a material impact on financial position or results of operations of the Company.
ASC 825.10 (formerly FAS 159)
In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (the “Statement” or “Statement 159”). FAS 159 was codified as a component of ASC 825.10. This guidance allows entities to voluntarily choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities (as well as certain nonfinancial instruments that are similar to financial instruments) at fair value (the “fair value option”, or “FVO”). The election is made on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, the Statement specifies that all subsequent changes in fair value for that instrument shall be reported in earnings (or another performance indicator for entities such as not-for-profit organizations that do not report earnings).
The fair value option will mitigate some of the volatility in reported earnings that results from the use of different measurement attributes to account for financial assets and financial liabilities. By electing the fair value option, an entity can achieve consistent accounting for related assets and liabilities without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions.
Statement 159 requires extensive disclosures whose primary objective is to facilitate comparison among entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar assets and liabilities, as well as, comparison of similar assets and liabilities for which an individual entity selects different measurement attributes.
The Statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007 (January 1, 2008 for the Company). The Company did not elect the Fair Value Option for any of its financial assets or liabilities, and therefore, the adoption of ASC 825.10 in 2008 had no impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows at adoption.
31. Valuation and qualifying accounts for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
Description |
| Beginning |
| Additions |
| Writte-off |
| Ending |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
2010 |
| Ps. | 57,279 |
| Ps. | 25,430 |
| Ps. | (3,857 | ) | Ps. | 78,852 |
|
2009 |
| 48,184 |
| 26,968 |
| (17,873 | ) | 57,279 |
| ||||
2008 |
| 89,318 |
| 29,173 |
| (70,307 | ) | 48,184 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts sundry debtors included within current assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
2010 |
| Ps. | 29,197 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 22,600 |
| Ps. | 6,597 |
|
2009 |
| 5,643 |
| 25,445 |
| 1,891 |
| 29,197 |
| ||||
2008 |
| — |
| 29,098 |
| 23,455 |
| 5,643 |
|
32. Supplemental guarantor information (restated)
Supplemental guarantor information
The Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 and 2019 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on an unsecured senior, joint and several basis, by each of the Company’s significant subsidiaries. Each of the guarantor subsidiaries (for Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015: Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S. A. de C. V. (PICSA), Desarrollodora de Casas del Noroeste, S. A. de C. V. (DECANO), Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (CBC), Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V., and for Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2019: PICSA, DECANO and CBC) is a wholly-owned subsidiary. The following condensed combining financial information includes the guarantor subsidiaries, non-guarantor-subsidiaries and the parent company for both Senior Guaranteed Notes 2005 and 2009. The wholly-owned guarantor subsidiaries column includes both the guarantors of our Senior Guaranteed Notes 2005 and the guarantors of our Senior Guaranteed Notes 2009.
Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for by the parent company under the equity method for purpose of the supplemental combining presentation. Earnings of subsidiaries are therefore reflected in the parent company’s investment account and earnings. The principal elimination entries eliminate the parent company’s investment in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions.
The Company restated certain combining figures contained in this Note. These changes relate only to the combining presentation, and in no way impact the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows previously reported under both MFRS and US GAAP. Presented at the end of Note 32 is a summary of the impact of the adjustments from amounts previously reported.
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information
Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2010
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Currents assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| Ps. | 3,070 |
| Ps. | 3,236,515 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 3,239,585 |
| Ps. | 68,107 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,307,692 |
|
Restricted cash |
| — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 127,530 |
|
|
| 127,530 |
| |||||||
Trade accounts receivable, net |
|
|
| 1,891,681 |
|
|
| 1,891,681 |
| 83,522 |
|
|
| 1,975,203 |
| |||||||
Accounts receivable from affiliates |
| 13,386,690 |
| 24,084,841 |
| (27,500,024 | ) | 9,971,507 |
| 11,250,946 |
| (21,222,453 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Inventories |
| 19,644 |
| 16,023,429 |
|
|
| 16,043,073 |
| 1,229,363 |
| (36,070 | ) | 17,236,366 |
| |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net |
| 14,613 |
| 252,535 |
|
|
| 267,148 |
| 366,502 |
|
|
| 633,650 |
| |||||||
Total current assets |
| 13,424,017 |
| 45,489,001 |
| (27,500,024 | ) | 31,412,994 |
| 13,125,970 |
| (21,258,523 | ) | 23,280,441 |
| |||||||
Land held for future development |
|
|
| 10,142,310 |
|
|
| 10,142,310 |
| 449,189 |
|
|
| 10,591,499 |
| |||||||
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
| 532,863 |
|
|
| 532,863 |
| 469,709 |
|
|
| 1,002,572 |
| |||||||
Investment in shares |
| 15,329,604 |
| 223,404 |
| (15,474,127 | ) | 78,881 |
| (895,470 | ) | 816,589 |
|
|
| |||||||
Other assets, net |
| 160,057 |
| 23,327 |
|
|
| 183,384 |
| 72,459 |
|
|
| 255,843 |
| |||||||
Goodwill |
| 731,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 731,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 731,861 |
| |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| 119,416 |
| 553,298 |
|
|
| 672,714 |
| 106,554 |
|
|
| 779,268 |
| |||||||
Total |
| Ps. | 29,764,955 |
| Ps. | 56,964,203 |
| Ps. | (42,974,151 | ) | Ps. | 43,755,007 |
| Ps. | 13,328,411 |
| Ps. | (20,441,934 | ) | Ps. | 36,641,484 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current debt and current portion of long-term debt |
| Ps. | 180,740 |
| Ps. | 824,967 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 1,005,707 |
| Ps. | 722,806 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 1,728,513 |
|
Current portion of leases |
|
|
| 143,765 |
|
|
| 143,765 |
| 25,839 |
|
|
| 169,604 |
| |||||||
Trade accounts payable |
| 16,838 |
| 2,938,721 |
|
|
| 2,955,559 |
| 455,020 |
|
|
| 3,410,579 |
| |||||||
Land suppliers |
|
|
| 636,322 |
|
|
| 636,322 |
| 141,819 |
|
|
| 778,141 |
| |||||||
Advances from customers |
|
|
| 327,049 |
|
|
| 327,049 |
| 297,595 |
|
|
| 624,644 |
| |||||||
Taxes other than income taxes |
| 159,145 |
| 173,195 |
|
|
| 332,340 |
| 421,924 |
|
|
| 754,264 |
| |||||||
Due to related parties |
| 8,492,240 |
| 29,138,914 |
| (27,500,024 | ) | 10,131,130 |
| 11,087,280 |
| (21,218,410 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Income taxes |
| 8,396 |
| 31,946 |
|
|
| 40,342 |
| (2,811 | ) |
|
| 37,531 |
| |||||||
Employee statutory profit-sharing |
|
|
| 1,350 |
|
|
| 1,350 |
| 190 |
|
|
| 1,540 |
| |||||||
Provision for uncertain tax positions |
|
|
| 756,235 |
|
|
| 756,235 |
| 19,711 |
|
|
| 775,946 |
| |||||||
Total current liabilities |
| 8,857,359 |
| 34,972,464 |
| (27,500,024 | ) | 16,329,799 |
| 13,169,373 |
| (21,218,410 | ) | 8,280,762 |
| |||||||
Long-term debt |
| 8,268,850 |
| 1,962.613 |
|
|
| 10,231,463 |
| 556,138 |
|
|
| 10,787,601 |
| |||||||
Long-term leases |
|
|
| 199,875 |
|
|
| 199,875 |
| 35,555 |
|
|
| 235,430 |
| |||||||
Financial instruments |
| 508,160 |
|
|
|
|
| 508,160 |
|
|
|
|
| 508,160 |
| |||||||
Long-term land suppliers |
|
|
| 41,441 |
|
|
| 41,441 |
|
|
|
|
| 41,441 |
| |||||||
Employee benefit obligations |
|
|
| 77,643 |
| 880 |
| 78,523 |
| 11,955 |
|
|
| 90,478 |
| |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
| 4,259,557 |
|
|
| 4,259,557 |
| 117,544 |
|
|
| 4,377,101 |
| |||||||
Total liabilities |
| 17,634,369 |
| 41,513,593 |
| (27,499,144 | ) | 31,648,818 |
| 13,890,565 |
| (21,218,410 | ) | 24,320,973 |
| |||||||
Equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Common stock |
| 528,011 |
| 5,325,597 |
| (5,325,597 | ) | 528,011 |
| 2,375,125 |
| (2,375,125 | ) | 528,011 |
| |||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
| 3,290,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 3,290,861 |
| (16,145 | ) | 16,145 |
| 3,290,861 |
| |||||||
Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan, at cost |
| (98,412 | ) |
|
|
|
| (98,412 | ) |
|
|
|
| (98,412 | ) | |||||||
Retained earnings |
| 8,657,851 |
| 10,125,013 |
| (10,149,410 | ) | 8,633,454 |
| (2,921,134 | ) | 2,945,531 |
| 8,657,851 |
| |||||||
Derivative instruments |
| (330,709 | ) |
|
|
|
| (330,709 | ) |
|
|
|
| (330,709 | ) | |||||||
Other equity accounts |
| 82,984 |
|
|
|
|
| 82,984 |
|
|
|
|
| 82,984 |
| |||||||
Equity of controlling interest |
| 12,130,586 |
| 15,450,610 |
| (15,475,007 | ) | 12,106,189 |
| (562,154 | ) | 586,551 |
| 12,130,586 |
| |||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 189,925 |
| 189,925 |
| |||||||
Total equity |
| 12,130,586 |
| 15,450,610 |
| (15,475,007 | ) | 12,106,189 |
| (562,154 | ) | 776,476 |
| 12,320,511 |
| |||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
| Ps. | 29,764,955 |
| Ps. | 56,964,203 |
| Ps. | (42,974,151 | ) | Ps. | 43,755,007 |
| Ps. | 13,328,411 |
| Ps. | (20,441,934 | ) | Ps. | 36,641,484 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information
Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2009
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Currents assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| Ps. | 1,568 |
| Ps. | 2,986,406 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 2,987,974 |
| Ps. | 134,100 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,122,074 |
|
Restricted cash |
| 6,533 |
|
|
|
|
| 6,533 |
| 122,809 |
|
|
| 129,342 |
| |||||||
Trade accounts receivable, net |
|
|
| 494,575 |
|
|
| 494,575 |
| 24,899 |
|
|
| 519,474 |
| |||||||
Accounts receivable from affiliates |
| 7,716,083 |
| 15,831,862 |
| (23,062,610 | ) | 485,335 |
| 4,130,235 |
| (4,615,570 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Inventories |
| 12,025 |
| 11,088,591 |
|
|
| 11,100,616 |
| 1,003,734 |
|
|
| 12,104,350 |
| |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net |
| 10,927 |
| 217,085 |
|
|
| 228,012 |
| 542,623 |
|
|
| 770,635 |
| |||||||
Total current assets |
| 7,747,136 |
| 30,618,519 |
| (23,062,610 | ) | 15,303,045 |
| 5,958,400 |
| (4,615,570 | ) | 16,645,875 |
| |||||||
Land held for future development |
|
|
| 11,581,115 |
|
|
| 11,581,115 |
| 184,082 |
|
|
| 11,765,197 |
| |||||||
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
| 716,059 |
|
|
| 716,059 |
| 394,523 |
|
|
| 1,110,582 |
| |||||||
Investment in shares |
| 12,261,682 |
| 217,471 |
| (12,029,822 | ) | 449,331 |
| 176,400 |
| (625,731 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Other assets, net |
| 195,714 |
| 23,287 |
|
|
| 219,001 |
| 105,392 |
|
|
| 324,393 |
| |||||||
Goodwill |
| 731,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 731,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 731,861 |
| |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
| 470,371 |
|
|
| 470,371 |
| 173,269 |
|
|
| 643,640 |
| |||||||
Total |
| Ps. | 20,936,393 |
| Ps. | 43,626,822 |
| Ps. | (35,092,432 | ) | Ps. | 29,470,783 |
| Ps. | 6,992,066 |
| Ps. | (5,241,301 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current debt and current portion of long-term debt |
| Ps. | 85,588 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 85,588 |
| Ps. | 185,007 |
| Ps. | — |
| Ps. | 270,595 |
|
Current portion of leases |
|
|
| 99,858 |
|
|
| 99,858 |
| 8,579 |
|
|
| 108,437 |
| |||||||
Trade accounts payable |
| 14,385 |
| 1,904,183 |
|
|
| 1,918,568 |
| 281,513 |
|
|
| 2,200,081 |
| |||||||
Land suppliers |
|
|
| 1,333,526 |
|
|
| 1,333,526 |
| 4,700 |
|
|
| 1,338,226 |
| |||||||
Advances from customers |
|
|
| 972,481 |
|
|
| 972,481 |
| 305,329 |
|
|
| 1,277,810 |
| |||||||
Taxes other than income taxes |
| 153,242 |
| 281,132 |
|
|
| 434,374 |
| 310,406 |
|
|
| 744,780 |
| |||||||
Due to related parties |
| 1,188,949 |
| 21,873,661 |
| (23,062,610 | ) |
|
| 4,615,570 |
| (4,615,570 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Income taxes |
| 7,589 |
| 113,791 |
|
|
| 121,380 |
| 22,540 |
|
|
| 143,920 |
| |||||||
Employee statutory profit-sharing |
|
|
| 16,799 |
|
|
| 16,799 |
| 190 |
|
|
| 16,989 |
| |||||||
Provision for uncertain tax positions |
|
|
| 240,460 |
|
|
| 240,460 |
| 8,321 |
|
|
| 248,781 |
| |||||||
Total current liabilities |
| 1,449,753 |
| 26,835,891 |
| (23,062,610 | ) | 5,223,034 |
| 5,742,155 |
| (4,615,570 | ) | 6,349,619 |
| |||||||
Long-term debt |
| 8,571,425 |
| 888,738 |
|
|
| 9,460,163 |
|
|
|
|
| 9,460,163 |
| |||||||
Long-term leases |
|
|
| 235,786 |
|
|
| 235,786 |
| 18,893 |
|
|
| 254,679 |
| |||||||
Financial instruments |
| 119,084 |
|
|
|
|
| 119,084 |
|
|
|
|
| 119,084 |
| |||||||
Long-term land suppliers |
|
|
| 14,368 |
|
|
| 14,368 |
| 60,291 |
|
|
| 74,659 |
| |||||||
Employee benefit obligations |
|
|
| 41,636 |
|
|
| 41,636 |
| 43,450 |
| 13,101 |
| 98,187 |
| |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| 12,065 |
| 3,659,974 |
|
|
| 3,672,039 |
| 287,306 |
|
|
| 3,959,345 |
| |||||||
Total liabilities |
| 10,152,327 |
| 31,676,393 |
| (23,062,610 | ) | 18,766,110 |
| 6,152,095 |
| (4,602,469 | ) | 20,315,736 |
| |||||||
Equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Common stock |
| 528,011 |
| 4,288,789 |
| (4,288,789 | ) | 528,011 |
| 995,558 |
| (995,558 | ) | 528,011 |
| |||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
| 3,290,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 3,290,861 |
|
|
|
|
| 3,290,861 |
| |||||||
Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan, at cost |
| (103,928 | ) |
|
|
|
| (103,928 | ) |
|
|
|
| (103,928 | ) | |||||||
Retained earnings |
| 7,146,088 |
| 7,661,640 |
| (7,741,033 | ) | 7,066,695 |
| (155,587 | ) | 234,980 |
| 7,146,088 |
| |||||||
Derivative instruments |
| (87,872 | ) |
|
|
|
| (87,872 | ) |
|
|
|
| (87,872 | ) | |||||||
Other equity accounts |
| 10,906 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,906 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,906 |
| |||||||
Equity of controlling interest |
| 10,784,066 |
| 11,950,429 |
| (12,029,822 | ) | 10,704,673 |
| 839,971 |
| (760,578 | ) | 10,784,066 |
| |||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 121,746 |
| 121,746 |
| |||||||
Total equity |
| 10,784,066 |
| 11,950,429 |
| (12,029,822 | ) | 10,704,673 |
| 839,971 |
| (638,832 | ) | 10,905,812 |
| |||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
| Ps. | 20,936,393 |
| Ps. | 43,626,822 |
| Ps. | (35,092,432 | ) | Ps. | 29,470,783 |
| Ps. | 6,992,066 |
| Ps. | (5,241,301 | ) | Ps. | 31,221,548 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information
Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2010
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Revenues |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 32,891,424 |
| Ps. | (13,640,630 | ) | Ps. | 19,250,794 |
| Ps. | 2,831,898 |
| Ps. | (2,430,383 | ) | Ps. | 19,652,309 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
| 26,555,668 |
| (13,280,553 | ) | 13,275,115 |
| 914,559 |
| (462,190 | ) | 13,727,484 |
| |||||||
Gross profit |
|
|
| 6,335,756 |
| (360,077 | ) | 5,975,679 |
| 1,917,339 |
| (1,968,193 | ) | 5,924,825 |
| |||||||
Operating expenses |
| 108,602 |
| 2,956,833 |
| (359,197 | ) | 2,706,238 |
| 2,206,249 |
| (1,932,108 | ) | 2,980,379 |
| |||||||
Income from operations |
| (108,602 | ) | 3,378,923 |
| (880 | ) | 3,269,441 |
| (288,910 | ) | (36,085 | ) | 2,944,446 |
| |||||||
Other (expense) income, net |
| (7,325 | ) | (64,337 | ) |
|
| (71,662 | ) | (71,103 | ) |
|
| (142,765 | ) | |||||||
Net comprehensive financing cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Interest expense |
| 1,309,617 |
| 246,410 |
| (1,080,005 | ) | 476,022 |
| 475,771 |
| (611,678 | ) | 340,115 |
| |||||||
Interest income |
| (825,320 | ) | (647,953 | ) | 1,080,005 |
| (393,268 | ) | (381,297 | ) | 611,678 |
| (162,887 | ) | |||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (309,250 | ) | 334,598 |
|
|
| 25,348 |
| 72,512 |
|
|
| 97,860 |
| |||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 39,654 |
|
|
|
|
| 39,654 |
|
|
|
|
| 39,654 |
| |||||||
|
| 214,701 |
| (66,945 | ) |
|
| 147,756 |
| 166,986 |
|
|
| 314,742 |
| |||||||
Income before income taxes |
| (330,628 | ) | 3,381,531 |
| (880 | ) | 3,050,023 |
| (526,999 | ) | (36,085 | ) | 2,486,939 |
| |||||||
Income tax (benefit) expense |
| (75,426 | ) | 928,212 |
|
|
| 852,786 |
| 53,744 |
| 467 |
| 906,997 |
| |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Equity in income of associated companies |
| 1,766,965 |
| 1,983 |
| (1,768,948 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,511,763 |
| Ps. | 2,455,302 |
| Ps. | (1,769,828 | ) | Ps. | 2,197,237 |
| Ps. | (580,743 | ) | Ps. | (36,552 | ) | Ps. | 1,579,942 |
|
Net income of controlling interest |
| 1,511,763 |
| 2,455,302 |
| (1,769,828 | ) | 2,197,237 |
| (580,743 | ) | (104,731 | ) | 1,511,763 |
| |||||||
Net (loss) income of non-controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 68,179 |
| 68,179 |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,511,763 |
| Ps. | 2,455,302 |
| Ps. | (1,769,828 | ) | Ps. | 2,197,237 |
| Ps. | (580,743 | ) | Ps. | (36,552 | ) | Ps. | 1,579,942 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information
Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 185,533 |
| Ps. | 27,225,467 |
| Ps. | (10,534,341 | ) | Ps. | 16,876,659 |
| Ps. | 2,422,910 |
| Ps. | (1,823,080 | ) | Ps. | 17,476,489 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
| 21,365,150 |
| (9,601,808 | ) | 11,763,342 |
| 522,614 |
| (120 | ) | 12,285,836 |
| |||||||
Gross profit |
| 185,533 |
| 5,860,317 |
| (932,533 | ) | 5,113,317 |
| 1,900,296 |
| (1,822,960 | ) | 5,190,653 |
| |||||||
Operating expenses |
| 162,876 |
| 2,280,626 |
| (182,555 | ) | 2,260,947 |
| 2,033,683 |
| (1,822,950 | ) | 2,471,680 |
| |||||||
Income from operations |
| 22,657 |
| 3,579,691 |
| (749,978 | ) | 2,852,370 |
| (133,387 | ) | (10 | ) | 2,718,973 |
| |||||||
Other income (expense), net |
| 2,439 |
| 16,501 |
| (98 | ) | 18,842 |
| (13,522 | ) |
|
| 5,320 |
| |||||||
Net comprehensive financing cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Interest expense |
| 756,754 |
| 611,905 |
| (1,004,678 | ) | 363,981 |
| 324,813 |
| (363,084 | ) | 325,710 |
| |||||||
Interest income |
| (570,557 | ) | (660,381 | ) | 1,004,678 |
| (226,260 | ) | (320,964 | ) | 363,084 |
| (184,140 | ) | |||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (429,273 | ) | 312,865 |
|
|
| (116,408 | ) | 56,898 |
|
|
| (59,510 | ) | |||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
| |||||||
|
| (176,625 | ) | 264,389 |
|
|
| 87,764 |
| 60,747 |
|
|
| 148,511 |
| |||||||
Income before income taxes |
| 201,721 |
| 3,331,803 |
| (750,076 | ) | 2,783,448 |
| (207,656 | ) | (10 | ) | 2,575,782 |
| |||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
| 61,497 |
| 939,866 |
|
|
| 1,001,363 |
| 20,908 |
| (27,882 | ) | 994,389 |
| |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Equity in income of associated companies |
| 1,425,645 |
| (46,507 | ) | (1,379,138 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,565,869 |
| Ps. | 2,345,430 |
| Ps. | (2,129,214 | ) | Ps. | 1,782,085 |
| Ps. | (228,564 | ) | Ps. | 27,872 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
|
Net income of controlling interest |
| 1,565,869 |
| 2,345,430 |
| (2,129,214 | ) | 1,782,085 |
| (228,564 | ) | 12,348 |
| 1,565,869 |
| |||||||
Net (loss) income of non-controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 15,524 |
| 15,524 |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,565,869 |
| Ps. | 2,345,430 |
| Ps. | (2,129,214 | ) | Ps. | 1,782,085 |
| Ps. | (228,564 | ) | Ps. | 27,872 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information
Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Revenues |
| Ps. | 664,806 |
| Ps. | 23,909,383 |
| Ps. | (10,582,176 | ) | Ps. | 13,992,013 |
| Ps. | 2,599,782 |
| Ps. | (1,865,967 | ) | Ps. | 14,725,828 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
| 18,755,810 |
| (8,911,344 | ) | 9,844,466 |
| 522,548 |
| (10,685 | ) | 10,356,329 |
| |||||||
Gross profit |
| 664,806 |
| 5,153,573 |
| (1,670,832 | ) | 4,147,547 |
| 2,077,234 |
| (1,855,282 | ) | 4,369,499 |
| |||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
| 164,305 |
| 2,689,781 |
| (644,298 | ) | 2,209,788 |
| 1,950,830 |
| (1,857,216 | ) | 2,303,402 |
| |||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
| 500,501 |
| 2,463,792 |
| (1,026,534 | ) | 1,937,759 |
| 126,404 |
| 1,934 |
| 2,066,097 |
| |||||||
Other (expense) income, net |
| 2,361 |
| (72,487 | ) | (215 | ) | (70,341 | ) | (69,897 | ) |
|
| (140,238 | ) | |||||||
Net comprehensive financing cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Interest expense |
| 411,606 |
| 492,129 |
| (669,995 | ) | 233,740 |
| 140,589 |
| (187,108 | ) | 187,221 |
| |||||||
Interest income |
| (173,079 | ) | (615,387 | ) | 669,995 |
| (118,471 | ) | (225,988 | ) | 187,108 |
| (157,351 | ) | |||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (88,086 | ) | 83,109 |
|
|
| (4,977 | ) | 169,818 |
|
|
| 164,841 |
| |||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
| |||||||
|
| 464,403 |
| (40,149 | ) |
|
| 424,254 |
| 84,419 |
|
|
| 508,673 |
| |||||||
Income before income tax |
| 38,459 |
| 2,431,454 |
| (1,026,749 | ) | 1,443,164 |
| (27,912 | ) | 1,934 |
| 1,417,186 |
| |||||||
Income tax (benefit) expense |
| 89,542 |
| 404,948 |
|
|
| 494,490 |
| (38,234 | ) |
|
| 456,256 |
| |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Equity in income of associated companies |
| 977,718 |
| (676,891 | ) | (300,827 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 926,635 |
| Ps. | 1,349,615 |
| Ps. | (1,327,576 | ) | Ps. | 948,674 |
| Ps. | 10,322 |
| Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
Net income of controlling interest |
| 926,635 |
| 1,349,615 |
| (1,327,576 | ) | 948,674 |
| 10,322 |
| (32,361 | ) | 926,635 |
| |||||||
Net (loss) income of non-controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 34,295 |
| 34,295 |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 926,635 |
| Ps. | 1,349,615 |
| Ps. | (1,327,576 | ) | Ps. | 948,674 |
| Ps. | 10,322 |
| Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2010
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Income before income tax |
| Ps. | (330,628 | ) | Ps. | 3,381,531 |
| Ps. | (880 | ) | Ps. | 3,050,023 |
| Ps. | (526,999 | ) | Ps. | (36,085 | ) | Ps. | 2,486,939 |
|
Items related to investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 67,456 |
| 341,138 |
|
|
| 408,594 |
| 57,020 |
|
|
| 465,614 |
| |||||||
Loss (gain) on sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| (3,631 | ) |
|
| (3,631 | ) | (615 | ) |
|
| (4,246 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
| (825,320 | ) | (647,953 | ) | 1,080,005 |
| (393,268 | ) | (381,297 | ) | 611,678 |
| (162,887 | ) | |||||||
Items related to financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Interest expense |
| 1,291,363 |
| 1,145,564 |
| (1,080,005 | ) | 1,356,922 |
| 545,659 |
| (611,678 | ) | 1,290,903 |
| |||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 39,654 |
|
|
|
|
| 39,654 |
|
|
|
|
| 39,654 |
| |||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (165,500 | ) |
|
|
|
| (165,500 | ) | (5,330 | ) |
|
| (170,830 | ) | |||||||
|
| 77,025 |
| 4,216,649 |
| (880 | ) | 4,292,794 |
| (311,562 | ) | (36,085 | ) | 3,945,147 |
| |||||||
Increase in trade accounts receivable |
|
|
| (1,397,106 | ) |
|
| (1,397,106 | ) | (58,623 | ) |
|
| (1,455,729 | ) | |||||||
Increase in inventories and land held for future developments |
| (7,619 | ) | (3,496,033 | ) |
|
| (3,503,652 | ) | (202,235 | ) | 36,071 |
| (3,669,816 | ) | |||||||
(Increase) Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets |
| (46,741 | ) | (37,640 | ) |
|
| (84,381 | ) | 239,226 |
|
|
| 154,845 |
| |||||||
Interest income collected |
| 434 |
| 50,164 |
|
|
| 50,598 |
| 112,289 |
|
|
| 162,887 |
| |||||||
Increase (Decrease) in trade accounts payable |
| 2,453 |
| 1,034,538 |
|
|
| 1,036,991 |
| 173,507 |
|
|
| 1,210,498 |
| |||||||
Increase/Decrease from/to affiliates |
|
|
| 4,491,370 |
|
|
| 4,491,370 |
| (3,698,349 | ) | (793,021 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers |
|
|
| (670,131 | ) |
|
| (670,131 | ) | 76,828 |
|
|
| (593,303 | ) | |||||||
Increase in other liabilities |
| (75,340 | ) | 132,337 |
|
|
| 56,997 |
| (870,371 | ) |
|
| (813,374 | ) | |||||||
Increase in employee benefits obligations |
|
|
| 36,007 |
| 880 |
| 36,887 |
| (31,495 | ) | (13,101 | ) | (7,709 | ) | |||||||
Income tax recovered (paid) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (33,658 | ) |
|
| (33,658 | ) | |||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
| (49,788 | ) | 4,360,155 |
|
|
| 4,310,367 |
| (4,604,443 | ) | (806,136 | ) | (1,100,212 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Business acquisition |
| (290,478 | ) |
|
|
|
| (290,478 | ) |
|
|
|
| (290,478 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
|
|
| (198,518 | ) |
|
| (198,518 | ) | (81,126 | ) |
|
| (279,644 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| 81,192 |
|
|
| 81,192 |
|
|
|
|
| 81,192 |
| |||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities |
| (290,478 | ) | (117,326 | ) |
|
| (407,804 | ) | (81,126 | ) |
|
| (488,930 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Proceeds from new borrowings |
| 13,195,852 |
| 6,526,353 |
|
|
| 19,722,205 |
| 1,247,355 |
|
|
| 20,969,560 |
| |||||||
Payments of notes payable |
| (13,096,493 | ) | (4,623,693 | ) |
|
| (17,720,186 | ) | (192,602 | ) |
|
| (17,912,788 | ) | |||||||
Net proceeds from affiliates |
| (92,802 | ) | (6,162,997 | ) | 1,080,005 |
| (5,175,794 | ) | 3,757,980 |
| 1,417,814 |
|
|
| |||||||
Interest income |
| 824,886 |
| 597,789 |
| (1,080,005 | ) | 342,670 |
| 269,008 |
| (611,678 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Interest paid |
| (501,724 | ) | (330,172 | ) |
|
| (831,896 | ) | (433,753 | ) |
|
| (1,265,649 | ) | |||||||
Shares repurchased |
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
| |||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities |
| 335,235 |
| (3,992,720 | ) |
|
| (3,657,485 | ) | 4,647,988 |
| 806,136 |
| 1,796,639 |
| |||||||
Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents |
| (5,031 | ) | 250,109 |
|
|
| 245,078 |
| (37,581 | ) |
|
| 207,497 |
| |||||||
Translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (23,691 | ) |
|
| (23,691 | ) | |||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year |
| 8,101 |
| 2,986,406 |
|
|
| 2,994,507 |
| 256,909 |
|
|
| 3,251,416 |
| |||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 3,070 |
| Ps. | 3,236,515 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,239,585 |
| Ps. | 195,637 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,435,222 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| ||||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Income before income tax |
| Ps. | 201,721 |
| Ps. | 3,331,803 |
| Ps. | (750,076 | ) | Ps. | 2,783,448 |
| Ps. | (207,656 | ) | Ps. | (10 | ) | Ps. | 2,575,782 |
| |
Items related to investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 112,007 |
| 300,472 |
|
|
| 412,479 |
| 70,930 |
|
|
| 483,409 |
| ||||||||
Loss (gain) on sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| 3,179 |
|
|
| 3,179 |
| 23,527 |
|
|
| 26,706 |
| ||||||||
Interest income |
| (570,557 | ) | (660,381 | ) | 1,187,472 |
| (43,466 | ) | (320,964 | ) | 180,290 |
| (184,140 | ) | ||||||||
Gain on sale of other investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (11,676 | ) |
|
| (11,676 | ) | ||||||||
Items related to financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Interest expense |
| 752,458 |
| 643,068 |
| (627,333 | ) | 768,193 |
| 304,930 |
| (186,974 | ) | 886,149 |
| ||||||||
Share-based payment transactions |
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
| ||||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
| ||||||||
Deferred profit-sharing |
|
|
| 24,646 |
|
|
| 24,646 |
| 1,960 |
|
|
| 26,606 |
| ||||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (182,525 | ) |
|
|
|
| (182,525 | ) | (1,821 | ) |
|
| (184,346 | ) | ||||||||
|
| 390,193 |
| 3,642,787 |
| (189,937 | ) | 3,843,043 |
| (140,770 | ) | (6,694 | ) | 3,695,579 |
| ||||||||
Increase in trade accounts receivable |
|
|
| 713,907 |
|
|
| 713,907 |
| 42,105 |
|
|
| 756,012 |
| ||||||||
Increase in inventories and land held for future developments |
| (5,651 | ) | (1,978,303 | ) |
|
| (1,983,954 | ) | (37,088 | ) |
|
| (2,021,042 | ) | ||||||||
(Increase) Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets |
| (175,621 | ) | (241,535 | ) |
|
| (417,156 | ) | 145,335 |
|
|
| (271,821 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income collected |
| 3,951 |
| 39,514 |
|
|
| 43,466 |
| 140,674 |
|
|
| 184,140 |
| ||||||||
(Decrease) Increase in trade accounts payable |
| (6,093 | ) | (1,673,088 | ) |
|
| (1,679,181 | ) | 13,430 |
|
|
| (1,665,751 | ) | ||||||||
Increase/decrease from/to affiliates |
| (185,533 | ) | 1,505,554 |
| 753,703 |
| 2,073,724 |
| (2,093,665 | ) | 19,941 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers |
|
|
| (1,317,359 | ) |
|
| (1,317,359 | ) | (1,218 | ) |
|
| (1,318,577 | ) | ||||||||
Increase in other liabilities |
| 138,548 |
| 774,719 |
| (5,726 | ) | 907,541 |
| 339,008 |
|
|
| 1,246,549 |
| ||||||||
Increase in employee benefits obligations |
|
|
| (2,551 | ) |
|
| (2,551 | ) | 2,487 |
| 13,101 |
| 13,037 |
| ||||||||
Payments of derivative instruments |
| (123,271 | ) |
|
|
|
| (123,271 | ) |
|
|
|
| (123,271 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax recovered (paid) |
|
|
| 59,675 |
|
|
| 59,675 |
| (16,403 | ) |
|
| 43,272 |
| ||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
| 36,523 |
| 1,523,320 |
| 558,040 |
| 2,117,884 |
| (1,606,105 | ) | 26,348 |
| 538,127 |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
|
|
| (62,924 | ) |
|
| (62,924 | ) | (26,428 | ) |
|
| (89,352 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| 28,396 |
|
|
| 28,396 |
| 2,229 |
|
|
| 30,625 |
| ||||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
| (34,528 | ) |
|
| (34,528 | ) | (24,199 | ) |
|
| (58,727 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Proceeds and payments from affiliates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Proceeds from new borrowings |
| 9,869,733 |
| 5,677,352 |
|
|
| 15,547,085 |
| 202,066 |
|
|
| 15,749,151 |
| ||||||||
Payments of notes payable |
| (7,237,583 | ) | (6,054,368 | ) |
|
| (13,291,951 | ) | (45,920 | ) |
|
| (13,337,871 | ) | ||||||||
Net proceeds from affiliates |
| (3,051,905 | ) | 833,374 |
| 629,432 |
| (1,589,099 | ) | 1,441,841 |
| 147,258 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Interest income |
| 566,606 |
| 620,867 |
| (1,187,473 | ) |
|
| 180,290 |
| (180,290 | ) |
|
| ||||||||
Interest paid |
| (171,122 | ) | (589,506 | ) |
|
| (760,628 | ) | (120,967 | ) | 6,684 |
| (874,911 | ) | ||||||||
Shares repurchased |
| (4,586 | ) |
|
|
|
| (4,586 | ) |
|
|
|
| (4,586 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities |
| (28,857 | ) | 487,719 |
| (558,040 | ) | (99,179 | ) | 1,657,310 |
| (26,348 | ) | 1,531,783 |
| ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents |
| 7,666 |
| 1,976,511 |
|
|
| 1,984,177 |
| 27,006 |
|
|
| 2,011,183 |
| ||||||||
Translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (27,952 | ) |
|
| (27,952 | ) | ||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year |
| 435 |
| 1,009,895 |
|
|
| 1,010,330 |
| 257,855 |
|
|
| 1,268,185 |
| ||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 8,101 |
| Ps. | 2,986,406 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 2,994,507 |
| Ps. | 256,909 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,251,416 |
| |
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Income before income tax |
| Ps. | 38,459 |
| Ps. | 2,431,454 |
| Ps. | (1,026,749 | ) | Ps. | 1,443,164 |
| Ps. | (27,912 | ) | Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 1,417,186 |
|
Items related to investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 101,294 |
| 273,349 |
|
|
| 374,643 |
| 50,378 |
|
|
| 425,021 |
| |||||||
Loss (gain) on sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| (8,893 | ) |
|
| (8,893 | ) | 122 |
|
|
| (8,771 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
| (173,079 | ) | (615,387 | ) | 730,563 |
| (57,903 | ) | (225,988 | ) | 126,540 |
| (157,351 | ) | |||||||
Items related to financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Interest expense |
| 404,279 |
| (268,575 | ) | 519,517 |
| 655,221 |
| 135,084 |
| (126,540 | ) | 663,765 |
| |||||||
Valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
| |||||||
Deferred profit-sharing |
|
|
| 7,899 |
|
|
| 7,899 |
| (4,838 | ) |
|
| 3,061 |
| |||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| 714,347 |
| (900 | ) |
|
| 713,447 |
| 2,053 |
|
|
| 715,500 |
| |||||||
|
| 1,399,262 |
| 1,818,947 |
| 223,331 |
| 3,441,540 |
| (71,101 | ) | 1,934 |
| 3,372,373 |
| |||||||
Increase in trade accounts receivable |
|
|
| (514,144 | ) |
|
| (514,144 | ) | 342,912 |
|
|
| (171,232 | ) | |||||||
Increase in inventories and land held for future developments |
| (1,491 | ) | (6,023,817 | ) |
|
| (6,025,308 | ) | 30,192 |
|
|
| (5,995,116 | ) | |||||||
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets |
| 69,194 |
| 88,342 |
|
|
| 157,536 |
| (139,176 | ) |
|
| 18,360 |
| |||||||
Interest income collected |
| 8,015 |
| 52,332 |
|
|
| 60,347 |
| 97,004 |
|
|
| 157,351 |
| |||||||
(Decrease) increase in trade accounts payable |
| (4,556 | ) | 186,802 |
|
|
| 182,246 |
| 226,952 |
|
|
| 409,198 |
| |||||||
Increase/decrease from/to affiliates |
| (664,806 | ) | 913,479 |
| 555,216 |
| 803,889 |
| (913,438 | ) | 109,549 |
|
|
| |||||||
Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers |
|
|
| (1,016,245 | ) |
|
| (1,016,245 | ) |
|
|
|
| (1,016,245 | ) | |||||||
Increase in other liabilities |
| 13,670 |
| 328,011 |
|
|
| 341,681 |
| 76,470 |
|
|
| 418,151 |
| |||||||
Increase in employee benefits obligations |
|
|
| 20,179 |
|
|
| 20,179 |
| 20,063 |
|
|
| 40,242 |
| |||||||
Payments of derivative instruments |
| (340,912 | ) |
|
|
|
| (340,912 | ) |
|
|
|
| (340,912 | ) | |||||||
Income tax recovered (paid) |
| 2,244 |
| (82,866 | ) |
|
| (80,622 | ) | (42,909 | ) |
|
| (123,531 | ) | |||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
| 480,620 |
| (4,228,980 | ) | 778,547 |
| (2,969,813 | ) | (373,031 | ) | 111,483 |
| (3,231,361 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Increase in the investment in associate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (27,727 | ) |
|
| (27,727 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
|
|
| (467,318 | ) |
|
| (467,318 | ) | (96,405 | ) |
|
| (563,723 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
|
|
| 98,421 |
|
|
| 98,421 |
| 299 |
|
|
| 98,720 |
| |||||||
Net cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
| (368,897 | ) |
|
| (368,897 | ) | (123,833 | ) |
|
| (492,730 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Cash flows generated by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Proceeds and payments from affiliates |
| (2,918,450 | ) | 3,023,300 |
| (555,216 | ) | (450,366 | ) | 559,956 |
| (109,590 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Proceeds from new borrowings |
| 5,593,465 |
| 3,551,493 |
|
|
| 9,144,958 |
| 322 |
|
|
| 9,145,280 |
| |||||||
Payments of notes payable |
| (2,915,465 | ) | (2,940,485 | ) |
|
| (5,855,950 | ) | (5,111 | ) |
|
| (5,861,061 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
| 165,064 |
| 563,055 |
| (730,563 | ) | (2,444 | ) | 128,984 |
| (126,540 | ) |
|
| |||||||
Interest paid |
| (406,523 | ) | (757,980 | ) | 507,232 |
| (657,271 | ) | (133,183 | ) | 124,647 |
| (665,807 | ) | |||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities |
| (481,909 | ) | 3,439,383 |
| (778,547 | ) | 2,178,927 |
| 550,968 |
| (111,483 | ) | 2,618,412 |
| |||||||
Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents |
| (1,289 | ) | (1,158,494 | ) |
|
| (1,159,783 | ) | 54,104 |
|
|
| (1,105,679 | ) | |||||||
Translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 10,940 |
|
|
| 10,940 |
| |||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year |
| 1,724 |
| 2,168,389 |
|
|
| 2,170,113 |
| 192,811 |
|
|
| 2,362,924 |
| |||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 435 |
| Ps. | 1,009,895 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 1,010,330 |
| Ps. | 257,855 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 1,268,185 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to
US GAAP
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2010
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income according to MFRS |
| Ps. | 1,511,763 |
| Ps. | 2,455,302 |
| Ps. | (1,769,828 | ) | Ps. | 2,197,237 |
| Ps. | (580,743 | ) | Ps. | (36,552 | ) | Ps. | 1,579,942 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 14,981 |
|
|
| 14,981 |
| |||||||
Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (11,626 | ) |
|
| (11,626 | ) | |||||||
Capitalization of interest |
| 149,298 |
| 37,650 |
|
|
| 186,948 |
| 9,653 |
|
|
| 196,601 |
| |||||||
Amortization of Backlog |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
| 15,974 |
|
|
| 15,974 |
| 3,656 |
|
|
| 19,630 |
| |||||||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables |
|
|
| (29,627 | ) |
|
| (29,627 | ) | (1,745 | ) |
|
| (31,372 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of future involvement |
|
|
| (1,129 | ) |
|
| (1,129 | ) |
|
|
|
| (1,129 | ) | |||||||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments |
| 51,047 |
|
|
|
|
| 51,047 |
|
|
|
|
| 51,047 |
| |||||||
Gain on business acquisition |
| 374,078 |
|
|
|
|
| 374,078 |
|
|
|
|
| 374,078 |
| |||||||
Prepaid sales commissions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 33,529 |
|
|
| 33,529 |
| |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| 574,423 |
| 22,868 |
|
|
| 597,291 |
| 48,448 |
|
|
| 645,739 |
| |||||||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| (160,178 | ) | (6,377 | ) |
|
| (166,555 | ) | (13,510 | ) |
|
| (180,065 | ) | |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments |
| 414,245 |
| 16,491 |
|
|
| 430,736 |
| 34,938 |
|
|
| 465,674 |
| |||||||
Net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 1,926,008 |
| Ps. | 2,471,793 |
| Ps. | (1,769,828 | ) | Ps. | 2,627,973 |
| Ps. | (545,805 | ) | Ps. | (36,552 | ) | Ps. | 2,045,616 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Consolidated equity according to MFRS U.S. GAAP adjustments |
| Ps. | 12,130,586 |
| Ps. | 15,450,610 |
| Ps. | (15,475,007 | ) | Ps. | 12,106,189 |
| Ps. | (562,154 | ) | Ps. | 776,476 |
| Ps. | 12,320,511 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (71,085 | ) |
|
| (71,085 | ) | |||||||
Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 54,817 |
|
|
| 54,817 |
| |||||||
Goodwill, net |
| 86,754 |
|
|
|
|
| 86,754 |
|
|
|
|
| 86,754 |
| |||||||
Backlog |
| (237,001 | ) |
|
|
|
| (237,001 | ) |
|
|
|
| (237,001 | ) | |||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
| (3,570 | ) |
|
| (3,570 | ) | (1,076 | ) |
|
| (4,646 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid sales commissions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2,358 |
|
|
| 2,358 |
| |||||||
Deferral of future involvement |
|
|
| (3,420 | ) |
|
| (3,420 | ) |
|
|
|
| (3,420 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of non controlling interest |
|
|
| 79,438 |
|
|
| 79,438 |
|
|
|
|
| 79,438 |
| |||||||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments |
| (21,239 | ) |
|
|
|
| (21,239 | ) |
|
|
|
| (21,239 | ) | |||||||
Gain on business acquisition |
| 374,078 |
|
|
|
|
| 374,078 |
|
|
|
|
| 374,078 |
| |||||||
Capitalization of interest |
| (97,894 | ) | (24,687 | ) |
|
| (122,581 | ) | (6,329 | ) |
|
| (128,910 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year |
|
|
| (140,700 | ) |
|
| (140,700 | ) |
|
|
|
| (140,700 | ) | |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| 104,698 |
| (92,939 | ) |
|
| 11,759 |
| (21,315 | ) |
|
| (9,556 | ) | |||||||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| 73,884 |
| (65,586 | ) |
|
| 8,298 |
| (15,042 | ) |
|
| (6,744 | ) | |||||||
Total U.S. GAAP adjustments |
| 178,582 |
| (158,525 | ) |
|
| 20,057 |
| (36,357 | ) |
|
| (16,300 | ) | |||||||
Equity according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 12,309,168 |
| Ps. | 15,292,085 |
| Ps. | (15,475,007 | ) | Ps. | 12,126,246 |
| Ps. | (598,511 | ) | Ps. | 776,476 |
| Ps. | 12,304,211 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to
US GAAP
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income according to MFRS |
| Ps. | 1,565,869 |
| Ps. | 2,345,430 |
| Ps. | (2,129,214 | ) | Ps. | 1,782,085 |
| Ps. | (228,564 | ) | Ps. | 27,872 |
| Ps. | 1,581,393 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| 223,553 |
|
|
| 223,553 |
| (42,348 | ) |
|
| 181,205 |
| |||||||
Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| (177,823 | ) |
|
| (177,823 | ) | 65,157 |
|
|
| (112,666 | ) | |||||||
Capitalization of interest |
| 98,177 |
| (71,633 | ) |
|
| 26,544 |
|
|
|
|
| 26,544 |
| |||||||
Amortization of Backlog |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
| (4,407 | ) |
|
| (4,407 | ) | (2,285 | ) |
|
| (6,692 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables |
|
|
| (35,772 | ) |
|
| (35,772 | ) | (1,940 | ) |
|
| (37,712 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of future involvement |
|
|
| (365 | ) |
|
| (365 | ) |
|
|
|
| (365 | ) | |||||||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments |
| (72,286 | ) |
|
|
|
| (72,286 | ) |
|
|
|
| (72,286 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid sales commissions |
|
|
| (20,529 | ) |
|
| (20,529 | ) | 3,889 |
|
|
| (16,640 | ) | |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| 25,891 |
| (86,976 | ) |
|
| (61,085 | ) | 22,473 |
|
|
| (38,612 | ) | |||||||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| 3,858 |
| (57,135 | ) |
|
| (53,277 | ) | 10,502 |
|
|
| (42,775 | ) | |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments |
| 29,749 |
| (144,111 | ) |
|
| (114,362 | ) | 32,975 |
|
|
| (81,387 | ) | |||||||
Net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 1,595,618 |
| Ps. | 2,201,319 |
| Ps. | (2,129,214 | ) | Ps. | 1,667,723 |
| Ps. | (195,589 | ) | Ps. | 27,872 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Consolidated equity according to MFRS U.S. GAAP adjustments |
| Ps. | 10,784,066 |
| Ps. | 11,950,429 |
| Ps. | (12,029,822 | ) | Ps. | 10,704,673 |
| Ps. | 839,971 |
| Ps. | (638,832 | ) | Ps. | 10,905,812 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| (77,981 | ) |
|
| (77,981 | ) | (8,138 | ) |
|
| (86,119 | ) | |||||||
Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| 57,862 |
|
|
| 57,862 |
| 6,039 |
|
|
| 63,901 |
| |||||||
Goodwill, net |
| 86,754 |
|
|
|
|
| 86,754 |
|
|
|
|
| 86,754 |
| |||||||
Backlog |
| (237,001 | ) |
|
|
|
| (237,001 | ) |
|
|
|
| (237,001 | ) | |||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
| (10,741 | ) |
|
| (10,741 | ) | (12,701 | ) |
|
| (23,442 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid sales commissions |
|
|
| (28,225 | ) |
|
| (28,225 | ) | (2,946 | ) |
|
| (31,171 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of future involvement |
|
|
| (2,291 | ) |
|
| (2,291 | ) |
|
|
|
| (2,291 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of non controlling interest |
|
|
| 79,438 |
|
|
| 79,438 |
|
|
|
|
| 79,438 |
| |||||||
Fair value adjustment to financial instruments |
| (72,286 | ) |
|
|
|
| (72,286 | ) |
|
|
|
| (72,286 | ) | |||||||
Capitalization of interest |
| (235,960 | ) | (89,547 | ) |
|
| (325,507 | ) |
|
|
|
| (325,507 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year |
|
|
| (101,848 | ) |
|
| (101,848 | ) | (7,480 | ) |
|
| (109,328 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| (458,493 | ) | (173,333 | ) |
|
| (631,826 | ) | (25,226 | ) |
|
| (657,052 | ) | |||||||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| 5,101 |
| 153,634 |
|
|
| 158,735 |
| 17,168 |
|
|
| 175,903 |
| |||||||
Total U.S. GAAP adjustments |
| (453,392 | ) | (19,699 | ) |
|
| (473,091 | ) | (8,058 | ) |
|
| (481,149 | ) | |||||||
Equity according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 10,330,674 |
| Ps. | 11,930,730 |
| Ps. | (12,029,822 | ) | Ps. | 10,231,582 |
| Ps. | 831,913 |
| Ps. | (638,832 | ) | Ps. | 10,424,663 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to
US GAAP
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||||
Consolidated net income according to MFRS |
| Ps. | 926,635 |
| Ps. | 1,349,615 |
| Ps. | (1,327,576 | ) | Ps. | 948,674 |
| Ps. | 10,322 |
| Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 960,930 |
|
US GAAP adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| 170,136 |
|
|
| 170,136 |
| (2,547 | ) |
|
| 167,589 |
| |||||||
Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting |
|
|
| (159,073 | ) |
|
| (159,073 | ) | 2,382 |
|
|
| (156,691 | ) | |||||||
Capitalization of interest |
| (234,125 | ) | (284,417 | ) |
|
| (518,542 | ) |
|
|
|
| (518,542 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of backlog |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Labor obligations |
|
|
| (23,779 | ) |
|
| (23,779 | ) | 34,889 |
|
|
| 11,110 |
| |||||||
Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables |
|
|
| (8,003 | ) |
|
| (8,003 | ) | (702 | ) |
|
| (8,705 | ) | |||||||
Deferral of future involvement |
|
|
| 3,529 |
|
|
| 3,529 |
|
|
|
|
| 3,529 |
| |||||||
Other items |
|
|
| 38,240 |
|
|
| 38,240 |
| (8,573 | ) |
|
| 29,667 |
| |||||||
Prepaid sales commissions |
|
|
| (22,642 | ) |
|
| (22,642 | ) | 339 |
|
|
| (22,303 | ) | |||||||
Effects of inflation on US GAAP adjustments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects |
| (234,125 | ) | (286,009 | ) |
|
| (520,134 | ) | 25,788 |
|
|
| (494,346 | ) | |||||||
Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments |
| 123,961 |
| (23,020 | ) |
|
| 100,941 |
| 38,388 |
|
|
| 139,329 |
| |||||||
Total US GAAP adjustments |
| (110,164 | ) | (309,029 | ) |
|
| (419,193 | ) | 64,176 |
|
|
| (355,017 | ) | |||||||
Net income according to US GAAP |
| Ps. | 816,471 |
| Ps. | 1,040,585 |
| Ps. | (1,327,576 | ) | Ps. | 529,481 |
| Ps. | 74,498 |
| Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
|
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2010
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| ||||||||
Operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Adjusted consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,926,008 |
| Ps. | 2,471,793 |
| Ps. | (1,769,828 | ) | Ps. | 2,627,973 |
| Ps. | (545,805 | ) | Ps. | (36,552) |
| Ps. | 2,045,616 |
| |
Non-cash items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Depreciation |
|
|
| 305,331 |
|
|
| 305,331 |
| 57,020 |
|
|
| 362,351 |
| ||||||||
Equity income in subsidiaries |
| (1,767,845 | ) | (1,983 | ) | 1,769,828 |
|
|
| (36,552 | ) | 36,552 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing |
| 84,752 |
| 444,516 |
|
|
| 529,268 |
| 397 |
|
|
| 529,665 |
| ||||||||
Shared-based payment transactions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Amortization |
| 45,527 |
|
|
|
|
| 45,527 |
|
|
|
|
| 45,527 |
| ||||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (165,500 | ) |
|
|
|
| (165,500 | ) | (5,330 | ) |
|
| (170,830 | ) | ||||||||
Changes in valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 70,008 |
|
|
|
|
| 70,008 |
|
|
|
|
| 70,008 |
| ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
| 80,425 |
| 1,557,611 |
| (1,080,005 | ) | 558,031 |
| (4,262,608 | ) | (1,417,814 | ) | (5,122,391 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities |
| 273,375 |
| 4,777,268 |
| (1,080,005 | ) | 3,970,638 |
| (4,792,878 | ) | (1,417,814 | ) | (2,240,054 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investments in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Acquisition of Loreto |
| (290,478 | ) |
|
|
|
| (290,478 | ) |
|
|
|
| (290,478 | ) | ||||||||
Property and equipment |
|
|
| (266,824 | ) |
|
| (266,824 | ) | (81,126 | ) |
|
| (347,950 | ) | ||||||||
Restricted cash |
| 6,533 |
|
|
|
|
| 6,533 |
| (4,721 | ) |
|
| 1,812 |
| ||||||||
Net cash flows used in investing activities |
| (283,945 | ) | (266,824 | ) |
|
| (550,769 | ) | (85,847 | ) |
|
| (636,616 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net Proceeds from affiliates |
| (92,802 | ) | (6,162,997 | ) | 1,080,005 |
| (5,175,794 | ) | 3,757,980 |
| 1,417,814 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Short term proceeds |
|
|
| 1,325,938 |
|
|
| 1,325,938 |
| 481,121 |
|
|
| 1,807,059 |
| ||||||||
Short-term (payments) borrowings, net |
| (42,582 | ) | (895,336 | ) |
|
| (937,918 | ) | (125,479 | ) |
|
| (1,063,397 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings |
| 141,940 |
| 1,569,789 |
|
|
| 1,711,729 |
| 766,235 |
|
|
| 2,477,964 |
| ||||||||
Repayments of long-term borrowings |
|
|
| (97,729 | ) |
|
| (97,729 | ) | (67,125 | ) |
|
| (164,854 | ) | ||||||||
Share repurchased for employee stock option plan |
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
|
|
|
|
| 5,516 |
| ||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities |
| 12,072 |
| (4,260,335 | ) | 1,080,005 |
| (3,168,258 | ) | 4,812,732 |
| 1,417,814 |
| 3,062,288 |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| 1,502 |
| 250,109 |
|
|
| 251,611 |
| (65,993 | ) |
|
| 185,618 |
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
| 1,568 |
| 2,986,406 |
|
|
| 2,987,974 |
| 134,100 |
|
|
| 3,122,074 |
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 3,070 |
| Ps. | 3,236,515 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,239,585 |
| Ps. | 68,107 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,307,692 |
| |
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| ||||||||
Operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Adjusted consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 1,595,618 |
| Ps. | 2,201,319 |
| Ps. | (2,129,214 | ) | Ps. | 1,667,723 |
| Ps. | (195,589 | ) | Ps. | 27,872 |
| Ps. | 1,500,006 |
| |
Non-cash items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Depreciation |
|
|
| 300,472 |
|
|
| 300,472 |
| 70,930 |
|
|
| 371,402 |
| ||||||||
Equity income in subsidiaries |
| (2,175,720 | ) | 46,507 |
| 2,129,214 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing |
| 77,503 |
| 705,190 |
|
|
| 782,693 |
| 1,106 |
|
|
| 783,799 |
| ||||||||
Shared-based payment transactions |
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
|
|
|
|
| 10,638 |
| ||||||||
Amortization |
| 91,054 |
|
|
|
|
| 91,054 |
|
|
|
|
| 91,054 |
| ||||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| (182,525 | ) |
|
|
|
| (182,525 | ) | (1,821 | ) |
|
| (184,346 | ) | ||||||||
Changes in valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
|
|
|
|
| 66,451 |
| ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
| 944,710 |
| (1,605,306 | ) | (629,431 | ) | (1,290,027 | ) | (1,491,206 | ) | (175,130 | ) | (2,956,364 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities |
| 427,729 |
| 1,648,181 |
| (629,431 | ) | 1,446,479 |
| (1,616,580 | ) | (147,258 | ) | (317,360 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investments in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Property and equipment |
|
|
| (69,037 | ) |
|
| (69,037 | ) | (26,428 | ) |
|
| (95,465 | ) | ||||||||
Restricted cash |
| (6,533 | ) |
|
|
|
| (6,533 | ) | 5,236 |
|
|
| (1,297 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows used in investing activities |
| (6,533 | ) | (69,037 | ) |
|
| (75,570 | ) | (21,192 | ) |
|
| (96,762 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net Proceeds from affiliates |
| (3,051,905 | ) | 833,374 |
| 629,431 |
| (1,589,100 | ) | 1,441,841 |
| 147,258 |
|
|
| ||||||||
Short-term (payments) borrowings, net |
| (585,434 | ) | (1,259,758 | ) |
|
| (1,845,192 | ) | 172,936 |
|
|
| (1,672,256 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings |
| 3,232,500 |
| 908,219 |
|
|
| 4,140,719 |
| 27,285 |
|
|
| 4,168,004 |
| ||||||||
Repayments of long-term borrowings |
|
|
| (84,468 | ) |
|
| (84,468 | ) |
|
|
|
| (84,468 | ) | ||||||||
Share repurchased for employee stock option plan |
| (15,224 | ) |
|
|
|
| (15,224 | ) |
|
|
|
| (15,224 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities |
| (420,063 | ) | 397,367 |
| 629,431 |
| 606,735 |
| 1,642,062 |
| 147,258 |
| 2,396,056 |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| 1,133 |
| 1,976,511 |
|
|
| 1,977,644 |
| 4,290 |
|
|
| 1,981,934 |
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
| 435 |
| 1,009,895 |
|
|
| 1,010,330 |
| 129,810 |
|
|
| 1,140,140 |
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 1,568 |
| Ps. | 2,986,406 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 2,987,974 |
| Ps. | 134,100 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 3,122,074 |
| |
Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP
Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))
|
| Parent |
| Wholly- |
| Eliminations |
| Parent |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| ||||||||
Operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Adjusted consolidated net income |
| Ps. | 816,471 |
| Ps. | 1,040,585 |
| Ps. | (1,327,576 | ) | Ps. | 529,481 |
| Ps. | 74,498 |
| Ps. | 1,934 |
| Ps. | 605,913 |
| |
Non-cash items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Depreciation |
|
|
| 273,349 |
|
|
| 273,349 |
| 50,378 |
|
|
| 323,727 |
| ||||||||
Equity income in subsidiaries |
| (2,004,466 | ) | 676,891 |
| 1,327,576 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing |
| 44,803 |
| 147,800 |
|
|
| 192,603 |
| (42,412 | ) |
|
| 150,191 |
| ||||||||
Amortization |
| 91,054 |
|
|
|
|
| 91,054 |
|
|
|
|
| 91,054 |
| ||||||||
Exchange (gain) loss |
| 714,347 |
| (900 | ) |
|
| 713,447 |
| 2,053 |
|
|
| 715,500 |
| ||||||||
Changes in valuation effects of derivative instruments |
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
|
|
|
|
| 313,962 |
| ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
| 317,423 |
| (6,503,903 | ) | 555,216 |
| (5,631,264 | ) | (480,118 | ) | 107,656 |
| (6,003,726 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities |
| 293,594 |
| (4,366,178 | ) | 555,216 |
| (3,517,368 | ) | (395,601 | ) | 109,590 |
| (3,803,379 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Investments in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Property and equipment |
|
|
| (478,975 | ) |
|
| (478,975 | ) | (96,404 | ) |
|
| (575,379 | ) | ||||||||
Restricted cash |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 28,045 |
|
|
| 28,045 |
| ||||||||
Net cash flows used in investing activities |
|
|
| (478,975 | ) |
|
| (478,975 | ) | (68,359 | ) |
|
| (547,334 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net Proceeds from affiliates |
| (2,918,449 | ) | 3,023,299 |
| (555,216 | ) | (450,366 | ) | 559,956 |
| (109,590 | ) |
|
| ||||||||
Short-term (payments) borrowings, net |
| 600,000 |
| 543,732 |
|
|
| 1,143,732 |
|
|
|
|
| 1,143,732 |
| ||||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings |
| 2,078,000 |
| 299,795 |
|
|
| 2,377,795 |
|
|
|
|
| 2,377,795 |
| ||||||||
Repayments of long-term borrowings |
| (54,434 | ) | (180,167 | ) |
|
| (234,601 | ) | (2,907 | ) |
|
| (237,508 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities |
| (294,883 | ) | 3,686,659 |
| (555,216 | ) | 2,836,560 |
| 557,049 |
| (109,590 | ) | 3,284,019 |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| (1,289 | ) | (1,158,494 | ) |
|
| (1,159,783 | ) | 93,089 |
|
|
| (1,066,694 | ) | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year |
| 1,724 |
| 2,168,389 |
|
|
| 2,170,113 |
| 36,721 |
|
|
| 2,206,834 |
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year |
| Ps. | 435 |
| Ps. | 1,009,895 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 1,010,330 |
| Ps. | 129,810 |
| Ps. |
|
| Ps. | 1,140,140 |
| |
A summary of the adjustments to the preceding tables from amounts previously reported is presented as follows:
|
| Parent Company |
| Wholly-owned |
| Eliminations |
| Parent Company |
| Non-guarantor |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in shares |
| 160,441 |
| — |
| (350,366 | ) | (189,925 | ) | 189,925 |
| — |
| — |
|
Trade accounts receivable net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (994,333 | ) | (994,333 | ) | — |
|
Trade accounts payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 994,333 |
| 994,333 |
|
|
|
Deferred tax assets |
| 69,985 |
| 602,729 |
| — |
| 672,714 |
| 106,554 |
| (779,268 | ) |
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
| (69,985 | ) | (602,729 | ) | — |
| (672,714 | ) | (106,554 | ) | 779,268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity- December 31 |
| (160,441 | ) | — |
| 350,366 |
| 189,925 |
| 436 |
| (190,361 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
| (135,762 | ) | — |
| 135,762 |
| — |
| 1,792,156 |
| (1,792,156 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash from operating activities |
| (2,457,570 | ) | 4,881,307 |
| 1.080,005 |
| 3,503,742 |
| (4,115,420 | ) | 611,678 |
| — |
|
Net cash from financing activities |
| 2,457,570 |
| (4,881,307 | ) | (1,080,005 | ) | (3,503,742 | ) | 4,115,420 |
| (611,678 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in shares |
| (2,029,087 | ) | — |
| 1,907,341 |
| (121,746 | ) | — |
| 121,746 |
| — |
|
Deferred tax assets |
| — |
| (405,816 | ) | (64,555 | ) | (470,371 | ) | (89,773 | ) | 560,144 |
| — |
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
| — |
| 405,816 |
| 64,555 |
| 470,371 |
| 89,773 |
| (560,144 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity- December 31 |
| 2,029,087 |
| — |
| (1,907,341 | ) | 121,746 |
| (63,134 | ) | (58,612 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
| (264,058 | ) | 560,139 |
| (296,081 | ) | — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash from operating activities |
| 1,086,384 |
| (485,605 | ) | 1,353,063 |
| 1,953,842 |
| (2,169,727 | ) | 215,885 |
| — |
|
Net cash from financing activities |
| (1,086,384 | ) | 485,605 |
| (1,353,063 | ) | (1,953,842 | ) | 2,169,727 |
| (215,885 | ) | — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
| (692,372 | ) | 536,255 |
| 156,117 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash from operating activities |
| (10,006,983 | ) | 10,499,391 |
| 1,509,069 |
| 2,001,477 |
| (2,239,541 | ) | 238,064 |
| — |
|
Net cash from financing activities |
| 10,006,983 |
| (10,499,391 | ) | (1,509,069 | ) | (2,001,477 | ) | 2,239,541 |
| (238,064 | ) | — |
|