The following table sets forth certain consolidated summary historical financial information concerning the financial position of Naugatuck Valley Financial and its subsidiary, Naugatuck Valley Savings, at the dates and for the periods indicated. The financial data is derived in part from, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements and related notes of Naugatuck Valley Financial appearing later in this annual report.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Financial Condition Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 355,346 | | $ | 265,449 | | $ | 243,956 | | $ | 227,998 | | $ | 201,105 | |
Securities held to maturity | | | 5,002 | | | 5,168 | | | 1,561 | | | 1,364 | | | 596 | |
Securities available for sale | | | 58,047 | | | 31,096 | | | 37,166 | | | 32,512 | | | 20,407 | |
Loans receivable, net | | | 259,427 | | | 203,820 | | | 180,378 | | | 166,046 | | | 158,456 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 8,951 | | | 7,575 | | | 9,775 | | | 18,158 | | | 12,643 | |
Deposits | | | 240,846 | | | 193,366 | | | 183,455 | | | 173,231 | | | 156,662 | |
FHLB advances | | | 57,059 | | | 15,826 | | | 34,990 | | | 31,119 | | | 23,372 | |
Total capital | | | 50,964 | | | 51,571 | | | 21,217 | | | 19,850 | | | 17,497 | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | (In thousands, except per share data) | |
Operating Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest and dividend income | | $ | 15,908 | | $ | 12,713 | | $ | 12,644 | | $ | 13,178 | | $ | 12,631 | |
Interest expense | | | 4,941 | | | 3,559 | | | 4,241 | | | 5,299 | | | 6,178 | |
Net interest income | | | 10,967 | | | 9,154 | | | 8,403 | | | 7,879 | | | 6,453 | |
Provision for loan losses | | | 32 | | | - | | | 45 | | | 231 | | | 80 | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | | 10,935 | | | 9,154 | | | 8,358 | | | 7,648 | | | 6,373 | |
Noninterest income | | | 1,517 | | | 1,078 | | | 1,115 | | | 972 | | | 743 | |
Noninterest expense | | | 10,097 | | | 9,803 | | | 6,845 | | | 5,820 | | | 5,392 | |
Income before provision for income taxes | | | 2,355 | | | 429 | | | 2,628 | | | 2,800 | | | 1,724 | |
Provision for income taxes | | | 450 | | | 14 | | | 822 | | | 880 | | | 542 | |
Net income | | $ | 1,905 | | $ | 415 | | $ | 1,806 | | $ | 1,920 | | $ | 1,182 | |
Net income per share | | $ | 0.26 | | $ | 0.07 | (1) | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | |
__________________
(1) | Net income per share is for the fourth quarter 2004. Before September 30, 2004, Naugatuck Valley Financial did not exist and Naugatuck Valley Savings operated as a mutual institution and, accordingly, had no per share data. |
| | At or For the Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | | |
Performance Ratios: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average assets | | | 0.62 | % | | 0.16 | % | | 0.77 | % | | 0.91 | % | | 0.65 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average equity | | | 3.66 | | | 1.42 | | | 8.59 | | | 10.23 | | | 6.95 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest rate spread (1) | | | 3.68 | | | 3.78 | | | 3.77 | | | 3.77 | | | 3.50 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin (2) | | | 3.87 | | | 3.85 | | | 3.85 | | | 3.90 | | | 3.71 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest expense to average assets | | | 3.27 | | | 3.81 | | | 2.94 | | | 2.75 | | | 2.96 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Efficiency ratio (3) | | | 80.61 | | | 95.47 | | | 71.62 | | | 65.20 | | | 74.43 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividend payout ratio (4) | | | 61.54 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | | | 111.20 | | | 104.98 | | | 103.69 | | | 105.20 | | | 105.87 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average equity to average assets | | | 16.87 | | | 11.37 | | | 9.02 | | | 8.86 | | | 9.35 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital Ratios: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total capital to risk-weighted assets | | | 17.88 | % | | 23.61 | % | | 16.21 | % | | 15.37 | % | | 14.74 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets | | | 17.07 | | | 22.52 | | | 14.96 | | | 14.12 | | | 13.47 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tier 1 capital to adjusted total assets (5) | | | 12.93 | | | 14.78 | | | 8.64 | | | 8.30 | | | 8.40 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity to total assets | | | 14.34 | | | 19.43 | | | 8.70 | | | 8.71 | | | 8.70 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset Quality Ratios: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans | | | 0.72 | % | | 0.89 | % | | 0.99 | % | | 1.19 | % | | 1.16 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of nonperforming loans | | | 638.78 | | | 306.88 | | | 199.78 | | | 162.91 | | | 144.66 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans outstanding during the period | | | 0.01 | | | (0.01 | ) | | 0.13 | | | 0.05 | | | (0.02 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonperforming loans as a percent of total loans | | | 0.11 | | | 0.29 | | | 0.50 | | | 0.73 | | | 0.80 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total assets | | | 0.10 | | | 0.25 | | | 0.46 | | | 0.58 | | | 0.72 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Number of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposit accounts | | | 25,592 | | | 22,599 | | | 22,447 | | | 22,059 | | | 21,823 | |
Full service customer service facilities | | | 6 | | | 5 | | | 5 | | | 4 | | | 4 | |
_________________________
(1) | Represents the difference between the weighted average yield on average interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. |
(2) | Represents net interest income as a percent of average interest-earning assets. |
(3) | Represents noninterest expense (less intangible amortization) divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income. |
(4) | | Represents dividends declared per share divided by basic net income per share. |
(5) | | Data for 2003 represents Tier 1 capital to average assets. |
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The objective of this section is to help the reader understand our views on our financial condition and results of operations. You should read this discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the financial statements that appear at the end of this annual report.
Overview
Income. We have two primary sources of pre-tax income. The first is net interest income, which is the difference between interest income, the income that we earn on our loans and investments, and interest expense, the interest that we pay on our deposits and borrowings.
To a much lesser extent, we also recognize pre-tax income from fees and service charges, which is the compensation we receive from providing products and services. Our primary noninterest income comes from fees and service charges on loan and deposit accounts. We also earn income from bank owned life insurance, sales of loans and investments and investment advisory services.
Expenses. The expenses we incur in operating our business consist of compensation, taxes and benefits, office occupancy, computer processing fees, advertising and professional fees and other expenses.
Compensation, taxes and benefits consist primarily of the salaries and wages paid to our employees and directors, payroll taxes and expenses for retirement and other employee benefits.
Occupancy expenses, which are the fixed and variable costs of buildings and equipment, consist primarily of lease payments, real estate taxes, depreciation charges, maintenance, and costs of utilities.
Computer processing fees includes fees paid to our third-party data processing servicer and our network security expenses.
Professional fees include fees paid for our attorneys, accountants and consultants.
Other expenses include expenses for insurance (including Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance), postage, expenses associated with being a public company, expenses related to checking accounts, supervisory examinations and other miscellaneous operating activities.
Critical Accounting Policies
We consider accounting policies involving significant judgments and assumptions by management that have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets or on income to be critical accounting policies. We consider the following to be critical accounting policies: allowance for loan losses and deferred income taxes.
Allowance for Loan Losses. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Management reviews the level of the allowance on a quarterly basis, at a minimum, and establishes the provision for loan losses based on the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency levels, loss experience, economic conditions, and other factors related to the collectibility of the loan portfolio.
Although we believe that we use the best information available to establish the allowance for loan losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on estimates that are susceptible to change as a result of changes in economic conditions and other factors. We engage an independent review of our commercial loan portfolio annually and adjust our loan ratings based upon this review. In addition, our banking regulators as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may
require us to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on its judgments about information available to it at the time of its examination. See notes 2 and 4 of the notes to the financial statements included in this annual report.
Deferred Income Taxes. We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. If current available information raises doubt as to the realization of the deferred tax assets, a valuation allowance is established. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We exercise significant judgment in evaluating the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting tax liabilities and assets, including projections of future taxable income. These judgments and estimates are reviewed periodically as regulatory and business factors change. See note 11 of the notes to the financial statements in this annual report.
Operating Strategy
At Naugatuck Valley Financial we are driven to grow and become more profitable by delivering the products our customers want, expanding our branch facilities and providing superior service. We manage our assets and liabilities using strategies to increase our net interest margin and limit interest rate risk. In order to decrease our reliance on net interest income, we continue to pursue initiatives to increase non-interest income. In addition, we apply conservative underwriting practices to maintain the quality of our loan portfolio and we are dedicated to regulatory compliance.
New products, branch expansion and superior service
We currently offer a wide array of products designed to meet the financial needs of existing and potential customers. We continue to enhance delivery of these products through branch expansion and through the training of existing employees and hiring of new employees skilled in the delivery of superior customer service. We have improved the presentation of our internet banking and bill pay systems and maintain a “voice response” inquiry phone line to provide service to customers without internet access. During 2005, we supplemented our existing product offerings with an overdraft privilege product, a tiered money market account, a bump-up certificate of deposit product, the origination of reverse mortgages and a brokerage arrangement for mortgages which do not meet our underwriting standards.
In addition, we have expanded and improved our branch facilities in the Greater Naugatuck Valley of Connecticut. During 2005, we opened a new branch in Seymour and moved our Shelton Branch to a larger and more convenient location. Early in 2006, we broke ground for a new office in the Southford section of Southbury. During 2006, we will improve the accessibility and convenience of our Beacon Falls branch with enhancements to the drive-up and ATM facilities. We will continue to upgrade our current branch facilities and to pursue expansion in the Greater Naugatuck Valley in future years through de novo branching and branch acquisitions. We also may consider exploring expansion opportunities in surrounding counties.
We differentiate ourselves from our larger competitors through our community orientation and through the delivery of superior customer service. We provide sales training to our customer contact employees and provide incentives for them to cross sell and maintain high levels of service. We have also increased marketing expenditures to more effectively “get the word out” about our products, services and image. We have been successful in attracting new employees with skill sets needed to help us to accomplish our goal of profitable growth. During 2005, we hired an experienced Chief Lending Officer, a commercial and industrial lender and two employees experienced in the origination of residential mortgages. In addition, we also supplemented our financial staff with an experienced controller.
Asset and liability management
Historically, we have pursued a strategy of maintaining a high loan-to-asset ratio. This strategy requires us to prudently deploy our sources of funds, primarily deposits, into new loans. As of December 31, 2005, our loan to asset ratio was 73%, down from 77% as of December 31, 2004. During 2005 we experienced significant loan and deposit growth as a result of the sales efforts of our employees combined with focused marketing efforts. We are
experienced in operating with a high loan-to-asset ratio and this experience served us well in 2005 as we successfully managed our net interest margin and net interest income by investing funds in high quality residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and small business and development loans.
We utilize a number of tools to increase net interest income and decrease interest rate risk. These tools include the purchase of short-term investments and the pursuit of a leverage strategy under which we fund our investments with lower cost borrowings.
Increasing non-interest income
We strive to decrease reliance on net interest income by increasing our sources and amount of non-interest income. Income from investment advisory services grew in 2005 and was supplemented with new income from our overdraft protection services, reverse mortgages and the brokerage arrangement for mortgages that do not meet our underwriting standards. We also increased our investment in bank-owned life insurance during 2005 which provides an additional source of non-interest income. We intend to continue to explore opportunities to increase non-interest income in the future.
Credit quality
We are dedicated to strict adherence to our conservative underwriting standards that we believe allows us to limit charge-offs and limit additions to our loan loss reserves in the future. At the same time we are committed to the maintenance of adequate loan loss reserves.
Regulatory compliance and protection of confidential customer data
We operate in a highly regulated industry and understand the importance of regulatory compliance to the safety and soundness of our bank system. We have an excellent record of compliance and it is our goal to maintain that record. We have also taken steps necessary to assure that all of our customers personal data is safeguarded from unauthorized access.
Balance Sheet
Loans. Our principal lending activity is the origination of loans secured by real estate primarily located in our market area. We originate real estate loans secured by one- to four-family residential homes and, to a much lesser but growing extent, we originate multi-family and commercial real estate and construction loans. At December 31, 2005, real estate loans totaled $215.5 million, or 81.6% of total loans compared to $174.8 million, or 84.0% of total loans at December 31, 2004 and $159.7 million, or 86.3% of total loans at December 31, 2003. Real estate loans have increased since December 31, 2001 due to historically low interest rates, our expanding branch network and significant growth in both residential and commercial real estate development, which we believe is attributable to the availability of lower cost land in the Greater Naugatuck Valley area and the expansion of commuting patterns out of southwestern Connecticut.
The largest segment of our real estate loans is one- to four-family residential loans. At December 31, 2005, these loans totaled $156.9 million and represented 72.8% of real estate loans and 59.4% of total loans compared to $134.8 million, which represented 77.1% of real estate loans and 64.8% of total loans, at December 31, 2004. One- to four-family residential loans increased $22.1 million, or 16.4%, from December 31, 2004 to December 31, 2005 and increased $3.4 million, or 2.6%, from December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2004, reflecting a large volume of loan originations offset by loan repayments. In periods of low and falling interest rates, loan demand increases, but repayments of loans also increase as borrowers refinance in order to benefit from lower available interest rates.
Multi-family and commercial real estate loans are the second largest segment of our real estate loan portfolio. This portfolio was $33.6 million and represented 15.6% of real estate loans and 12.7% of total loans at December 31, 2005 compared to $22.6 million, which represented 12.9% of real estate loans and 10.8% of total loans, at December 31, 2004. Multi-family and commercial real estate loans increased $11.0 million, or 49.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $8.3 million, or 58.1%, in the year ended December 31, 2004 due to significant new development within parts of our market area and increased market share.
We also originate construction loans secured by residential and commercial real estate. This portfolio was $24.9 million and represented 11.6% of real estate loans and 9.5% of total loans at December 31, 2005 compared to $17.5 million, which represented 10.0% of real estate loans and 8.4% of total loans at December 31, 2004. Construction loans increased $7.4 million, or 42.6%, for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $3.4 million, or 24.1%, in the year ended December 31, 2004 primarily due to significant new development within parts of our market area and increased market share.
We originate commercial business loans secured by business assets other than real estate, such as business equipment, inventory and accounts receivable and letters of credit. Commercial business loans totaled $9.7 million, and represented 3.7% of total loans at December 31, 2005, compared to $5.0 million, representing 2.4% of total loans, at December 31, 2004.
We also originate a variety of consumer loans, including second mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit and loans secured by savings accounts and automobiles. Consumer loans totaled $38.8 million and represented 14.7% of total loans at December 31, 2005, compared to $28.3 million, which represented 13.6% of total loans at December 31, 2004. The $10.5 million, or 36.9%, increase for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the $7.3 million, or 34.4%, increase for the 2004 fiscal year was due to targeted increased marketing activities and competitive pricing on our home equity products.
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 156,900 | | | 59.44 | % | $ | 134,785 | | | 64.75 | % | $ | 131,353 | | | 70.98 | % | $ | 132,134 | | | 77.85 | % | $ | 126,482 | | | 78.07 | % |
Construction | | | 24,943 | | | 9.45 | | | 17,486 | | | 8.40 | | | 14,094 | | | 7.62 | | | 6,888 | | | 4.06 | | | 6,526 | | | 4.03 | |
Multi-family and commercial real estate | | | 33,608 | | | 12.73 | | | 22,559 | | | 10.84 | | | 14,273 | | | 7.71 | | | 10,285 | | | 6.06 | | | 7,172 | | | 4.43 | |
Total real estate loans | | | 215,451 | | | 81.62 | | | 174,830 | | | 83.99 | | | 159,720 | | | 86.31 | | | 149,307 | | | 87.97 | | | 140,180 | | | 86.52 | |
Commercial business loans | | | 9,728 | | | 3.69 | | | 4,989 | | | 2.40 | | | 4,240 | | | 2.29 | | | 1,693 | | | 1.00 | | | 875 | | | 0.54 | |
Consumer loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Savings accounts | | | 785 | | | 0.30 | | | 679 | | | 0.33 | | | 592 | | | 0.32 | | | 519 | | | 0.31 | | | 738 | | | 0.46 | |
Personal | | | 212 | | | 0.08 | | | 217 | | | 0.10 | | | 139 | | | 0.08 | | | 153 | | | 0.09 | | | 116 | | | 0.07 | |
Automobile | | | 160 | | | 0.06 | | | 98 | | | 0.05 | | | 143 | | | 0.08 | | | 181 | | | 0.11 | | | 291 | | | 0.18 | |
Home equity | | | 37,628 | | | 4.25 | | | 27,342 | | | 13.13 | | | 20,212 | | | 10.92 | | | 17,873 | | | 10.53 | | | 19,815 | | | 12.23 | |
Total consumer loans | | | 38,785 | | | 14.69 | | | 28,336 | | | 13.61 | | | 21,086 | | | 11.40 | | | 18,726 | | | 11.03 | | | 20,960 | | | 12.94 | |
Total loans | | | 263,964 | | | 100.00 | % | | 208,155 | | | 100.00 | % | | 185,046 | | | 100.00 | % | | 169,726 | | | 100.00 | % | | 162,015 | | | 100.00 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan losses | | | 1,878 | | | | | | 1,829 | | | | | | 1,810 | | | | | | 1,994 | | | | | | 1,856 | | | | |
Undisbursed construction loans | | | 2,258 | | | | | | 2,094 | | | | | | 2,519 | | | | | | 1,168 | | | | | | 1,071 | | | | |
Deferred loan origination fees | | | 401 | | | | | | 412 | | | | | | 339 | | | | | | 518 | | | | | | 632 | | | | |
Loans receivable, net | | $ | 259,427 | | | | | $ | 203,820 | | | | | $ | 180,378 | | | | | $ | 166,046 | | | | | $ | 158,456 | | | | |
The following table sets forth certain information at December 31, 2005 regarding the dollar amount of loans repricing or maturing during the periods indicated. The table does not include any estimate of prepayments which significantly shorten the average life of all loans and may cause our actual repayment experience to differ from that shown below. Demand loans having no stated maturity are reported as due in one year or less.
| | At December 31, 2005 | |
| | Real Estate Loans | | Commercial Business Loans | | Consumer Loans | | Total Loans | |
| | (In thousands) | |
One year or less | | $ | 34,232 | | $ | 5,442 | | $ | 19,686 | | $ | 59,360 | |
More than one year to five years | | | 34,685 | | | 2,591 | | | 3,399 | | | 40,675 | |
More than five years | | | 146,534 | | | 1,695 | | | 15,700 | | | 163,929 | |
Total | | $ | 215,451 | | $ | 9,728 | | $ | 38,785 | | $ | 263,964 | |
The following table sets forth the dollar amount of all loans at December 31, 2005 that are due after December 31, 2006 and have either fixed interest rates or floating or adjustable interest rates. The amounts shown below exclude applicable loans in process, nonperforming loans and deferred loan fees, net.
| | Fixed-Rates | | Floating or Adjustable- Rates | | Total | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 122,673 | | $ | 21,633 | | $ | 144,306 | |
Construction | | | 5,068 | | | 995 | | | 6,063 | |
Multi-family and commercial | | | 3,138 | | | 27,712 | | | 30,850 | |
Commercial business loans | | | 1,693 | | | 2,593 | | | 4,286 | |
Consumer loans | | | 17,160 | | | 1,939 | | | 19,099 | |
Total | | $ | 149,732 | | $ | 54,872 | | $ | 204,604 | |
The following table shows loan origination activity during the periods indicated.
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | |
Total loans at beginning of period | | $ | 208,155 | | $ | 185,046 | | $ | 169,726 | |
Loans originated: | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | | 42,144 | | | 30,002 | | | 64,689 | |
Construction | | | 27,695 | | | 20,598 | | | 13,489 | |
Multi-family and commercial | | | 23,389 | | | 10,865 | | | 5,365 | |
Commercial business loans | | | 6,308 | | | 3,962 | | | 3,196 | |
Consumer loans | | | 24,664 | | | 18,416 | | | 14,307 | |
Total loans originated | | | 124,200 | | | 83,843 | | | 101,046 | |
Loans purchased | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Deduct: | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate loan principal repayments | | | (52,607 | ) | | (44,622 | ) | | (67,857 | ) |
Loan sales | | | — | | | (1,927 | ) | | (8,851 | ) |
Other repayments | | | (15,784 | ) | | (14,185 | ) | | (9,018 | ) |
Net loan activity | | | 55,809 | | | 23,109 | | | 15,320 | |
Total loans at end of period | | $ | 263,964 | | $ | 208,155 | | $ | 185,046 | |
Allowance for Loan Losses and Asset Quality. The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for the probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. We evaluate the need to establish allowances against losses on loans on a quarterly basis. When additional allowances are needed a provision for loan losses is charged against earnings. The recommendations for increases or decreases to the allowance are presented by management to the Board of Directors.
The allowance for loan losses is established to recognize the inherent losses associated with lending activities. Loss and risk factors are based on our historical loss experience and industry averages and may be adjusted for significant factors that in management’s judgment affect the collectibility of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. These significant factors may include changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in existing general economic and business conditions affecting our primary lending area, credit quality trends, collateral value, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, specific industry conditions within portfolio segments, recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, duration of the current business cycle, and bank regulatory examination results.
Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses consists of the following procedures. The loan portfolio is segregated first between passed and classified assets.
Passed Assets. Our assets designated as pass or bankable with care by our internal classification system are aggregated by loan category and an allowance percentage is assigned based on estimated inherent losses associated with each type of lending. Our passed and bankable with care assets are loans for which the borrower is established and represents a reasonable credit risk.
We retain a general loan loss allowance on loans classified as passed. This portion of our allowance is determined based on our historical loss experience, delinquency trends, and management’s evaluation of the loan portfolio and may be adjusted for significant factors that in management’s judgment affect the collectibility of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. These significant factors may include changes in general economic and business conditions affecting our primary lending areas, credit quality trends, collateral value, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, duration of the current business cycle and bank regulatory examination results. These factors are reviewed regularly to ensure their relevance in the prevailing business environment.
Classified Assets. Our assets classified internally as special mention, substandard or doubtful (all regulatory classifications for problem assets) by our internal classification system are individually evaluated by management and an allowance percentage, increasing as the probability of loss increases, is assigned to each classified asset based on the collateral value and loan balance. The level of the allowance percentage is further dependent on whether the loan is secured by real estate, secured by assets other than real estate or unsecured. Loans classified as loss are charged off and, if the loan is secured by real estate collateral, the real estate is transferred to foreclosed real estate.
The loss factors allowance percentages which are presently used to determine the reserve level were updated in 2005 based on various risk factors such as type of loan, collateral and loss history. These factors are subject to ongoing evaluation to ensure their relevance to our loan portfolio in the current economic environment.
When we determine that a loan is troubled and where, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due, the excess of the recorded investment in the loan over the fair market value of any collateral, net of estimated costs to sell the asset, is classified as loss, and we classify the remainder of the loan balance is classified as substandard the remainder.
We identify loans which may require charge off as a loss are identified by reviewing all delinquent loans, significant credits, loans classified as substandard, doubtful, loss, or special mention by our internal classification system, all classified loans, and other loans that management may have concerns about collectibility, such as loans to a specific industry. For individually reviewed loans, a borrower’s inability to service a credit according to the contractual terms based on the borrower’s cash flow and or a shortfall in collateral value would result in the recording of a charge off of the loan or the portion of the loan that was impaired.
Our banking regulators, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. The examinations may require us to make additional provisions for loan losses based on judgments different from ours. In addition, we engage an independent consultant to review our commercial loan portfolio and make recommendations based on their review as to the classification of specific credits in the portfolio.
The following table sets forth the breakdown of the allowance for loan losses based on the components of our allowance at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, 2005 | | At December 31, 2004 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | |
Passed assets | | $ | 1,425 | | $ | 1,343 | |
Classified assets | | | 450 | | | 389 | |
Unallocated | | | 3 | | | 97 | |
Total | | $ | 1,425 | | $ | 1,829 | |
At December 31, 2005, our allowance for loan losses represented 0.72% of total gross loans and 638.78% of nonperforming loans. The allowance for loan losses increased $49,000 from December 31, 2004 to December 31, 2005. The increase in the allowance was the result of net recoveries and provisions for loan losses.
At December 31, 2004, our allowance for loan losses represented 0.89% of total gross loans and 306.88% of nonperforming loans. The allowance for loan losses increased $19,000 from December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2004 due to net recoveries.
Total nonperforming loans decreased during the year ended December 31, 2005 due to improved asset quality and favorable economic conditions. The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $32,000 during the year ended December 31, 2005. There were no additions to the provisions made in the 2004 period.
Although we believe that we use the best information available to establish the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be adversely affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the determinations. Furthermore, while we believe we have established our allowance for loan losses in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, there can be no assurance that regulators, in reviewing our loan portfolio, will not request us to increase our allowance for loan losses. In addition, because further events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that the existing allowance for loan losses is adequate or that increases will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above. Any material increase in the allowance for loan losses may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Summary of Loan Loss Experience. The following table sets forth an analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated. Where specific loan loss allowances have been established, any difference between the loss allowance and the amount of loss realized has been charged or credited to current income.
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance at beginning of period | | $ | 1,829 | | $ | 1,810 | | $ | 1,994 | | $ | 1,856 | | $ | 1,749 | |
Provision for loan losses | | | 32 | | | — | | | 45 | | | 231 | | | 80 | |
Less: Charge offs: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate loans | | | — | | | — | | | 265 | | | 112 | | | 28 | |
Commercial business loans | | | 3 | | | 51 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Consumer loans | | | 1 | | | 5 | | | 2 | | | 5 | | | 3 | |
Total charge-offs | | | 4 | | | 56 | | | 267 | | | 117 | | | 31 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plus: Recoveries: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate loans | | | 18 | | | 43 | | | 38 | | | 23 | | | 57 | |
Commercial business loans | | | 3 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Consumer loans | | | — | | | 32 | | | — | | | 1 | | | 1 | |
Total recoveries | | | 21 | | | 75 | | | 38 | | | 24 | | | 58 | |
Net charge-offs (recoveries) | | | (17 | ) | | (19 | ) | | 229 | | | 93 | | | (27 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance at end of period | | $ | 1,878 | | $ | 1,829 | | $ | 1,810 | | $ | 1,994 | | $ | 1,856 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance to nonperforming loans | | | 638.78 | % | | 306.88 | % | | 199.78 | % | | 162.91 | % | | 144.66 | % |
Allowance to total loans outstanding at the end of the period | | | 0.72 | % | | 0.89 | % | | 0.99 | % | | 1.19 | % | | 1.16 | % |
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans outstanding during the period | | | 0.01 | % | | (0.01 | )% | | 0.13 | % | | 0.05 | % | | (0.02 | )% |
The following table sets forth the breakdown of the allowance for loan losses by loan category at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | Amount | | % of Allowance to Total Allowance | | % of Loans in Category to Total Loans | | Amount | | % of Allowance to Total Allowance | | % of Loans in Category to Total Loans | | Amount | | % of Allowance to Total Allowance | | % of Loans in Category to Total Loans | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 724 | | | 38.55 | % | | 59.44 | % | $ | 864 | | | 47.25 | % | | 64.75 | % | $ | 927 | | | 51.22 | % | | 70.98 | % |
Construction | | | 376 | | | 20.02 | | | 9.45 | | | 142 | | | 7.76 | | | 8.40 | | | 185 | | | 10.22 | | | 7.62 | |
Multi-family and commercial real estate | | | 379 | | | 20.18 | | | 12.73 | | | 374 | | | 20.45 | | | 10.84 | | | 321 | | | 17.73 | | | 7.71 | |
Commercial business | | | 113 | | | 6.02 | | | 3.69 | | | 50 | | | 2.73 | | | 2.40 | | | 92 | | | 5.08 | | | 2.29 | |
Consumer loans | | | 283 | | | 15.07 | | | 14.69 | | | 302 | | | 16.51 | | | 13.61 | | | 232 | | | 12.82 | | | 11.40 | |
Unallocated | | | 3 | | | 0.16 | | | — | | | 97 | | | 5.30 | | | — | | | 53 | | | 2.93 | | | — | |
Total allowance for loan losses | | $ | 1,878 | | | 100.00 | % | | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,829 | | | 100.00 | % | | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,810 | | | 100.00 | % | | 100.00 | % |
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | Amount | | % of Allowance to Total Allowance | | % of Loans in Category to Total Loans | | Amount | | % of Allowance to Total Allowance | | % of Loans in Category to Total Loans | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 1,566 | | | 78.54 | % | | 77.85 | % | $ | 1,633 | | | 87.98 | % | | 78.07 | % |
Construction | | | 100 | | | 5.02 | | | 4.06 | | | 44 | | | 2.37 | | | 4.03 | |
Multi-family and commercial real estate | | | 148 | | | 7.42 | | | 6.06 | | | 37 | | | 1.99 | | | 4.43 | |
Commercial business | | | 59 | | | 2.96 | | | 1.00 | | | 4 | | | 0.22 | | | 0.54 | |
Consumer loans | | | 78 | | | 3.91 | | | 11.03 | | | 83 | | | 4.47 | | | 12.93 | |
Unallocated | | | 43 | | | 2.16 | | | — | | | 55 | | | 2.96 | | | — | |
Total allowance for loan losses | | $ | 1,994 | | | 100.00 | % | | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,856 | | | 100.00 | % | | 100.00 | % |
Nonperforming and Classified Assets. When a loan becomes 90 days delinquent, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status at which time the accrual of interest ceases, the interest previously accrued to income is reversed and the loan is placed on a cash basis. Payments on a nonaccrual loan are applied to the outstanding principal and interest as determined at the time of collection of the loan.
We consider repossessed assets and loans that are 90 days or more past due to be nonperforming assets. Real estate that we acquire as a result of foreclosure or by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is classified as foreclosed real estate until it is sold. When property is acquired it is recorded at the lower of its cost, which is the unpaid balance of the loan, or fair market value at the date of foreclosure. Holding costs and declines in fair value after acquisition of the property are charged against income.
Nonperforming assets totaled $341,000, or 0.10% of total assets, at December 31, 2005, which was a decrease of $323,000, or 48.6%, from December 31, 2004. Nonaccrual loans accounted for 86.2% of the total nonperforming assets at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2005, $40,000 of the allowance for loan losses was related to nonaccrual real estate loans.
Nonperforming assets totaled $664,000, or 0.25% of total assets, at December 31, 2004, which was a decrease of $450,000, or 40.4%, from December 31, 2003. Nonaccrual loans accounted for 89.8% of the total nonperforming assets at December 31, 2004. At December 31, 2004, $74,000 of the allowance for loan losses was related to nonaccrual real estate loans.
Under current accounting guidelines, a loan is defined as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We consider one- to four-family mortgage loans and consumer loans to be homogeneous and only evaluate them for impairment separately when they are delinquent or classified. Other loans are evaluated for impairment on an individual basis. At December 31, 2005, no loans were considered impaired.
The following table provides information with respect to our nonperforming assets at the dates indicated. We did not have any troubled debt restructurings or any accruing loans past due 90 days or more at the dates presented.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Nonaccrual loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 165 | | $ | 474 | | $ | 500 | | $ | 1,041 | | $ | 1,217 | |
Multi-family and commercial real estate | | | 120 | | | 119 | | | 315 | | | 117 | | | — | |
Commercial business | | | 9 | | | 3 | | | 15 | | | — | | | — | |
Consumer | | | — | | | — | | | 76 | | | 66 | | | 66 | |
Total | | | 294 | | | 596 | | | 906 | | | 1,224 | | | 1,283 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Foreclosed real estate | | | 47 | | | 68 | | | 208 | | | 108 | | | 160 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets | | $ | 341 | | $ | 664 | | $ | 1,114 | | $ | 1,332 | | $ | 1,443 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming loans to total loans | | | 0.11 | % | | 0.29 | % | | 0.50 | % | | 0.73 | % | | 0.80 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming loans to total assets | | | 0.08 | % | | 0.22 | % | | 0.37 | % | | 0.54 | % | | 0.64 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets to total assets | | | 0.10 | % | | 0.25 | % | | 0.46 | % | | 0.58 | % | | 0.72 | % |
Other than disclosed above, there are no other loans at December 31, 2005 that we have serious doubts about the ability of the borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms.
Interest income that would have been recorded for the years ended December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 had nonaccruing loans been current according to their original terms amounted to $20,900 and $44,600, respectively. Income related to nonaccrual loans included in interest income for the years ended December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 amounted to $19,600 and $20,000, respectively.
Federal regulations require us to regularly review and classify our assets. In addition, our regulators have the authority to identify problem assets and, if appropriate, require them to be classified. There are three classifications for problem assets: substandard, doubtful and loss. “Substandard assets” must have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. “Doubtful assets” have the weaknesses of substandard assets with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values questionable, and there is a high possibility of loss. An asset classified “loss” is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset of the institution is not warranted. The regulations also provide for a “special mention” category, described as assets which do not currently expose us to a sufficient degree of risk to warrant classification but do possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving our close attention. When we classify an asset as substandard or doubtful, we must establish a general allowance for loan losses. If we classify an asset as loss, we must charge off such amount.
The following table shows the aggregate amounts of our classified assets at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | |
Special mention assets | | $ | 5,197 | | $ | 3,022 | |
Substandard assets | | | 1,360 | | | 2,058 | |
Doubtful assets | | | 10 | | | — | |
Loss assets | | | — | | | — | |
Total classified assets | | $ | 6,567 | | $ | 5,080 | |
Special mention assets at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 did not include any nonaccrual loans. Substandard assets at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 included nonaccrual loans of $284,000 and $581,000, respectively. All doubtful assets at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were nonaccrual loans and all loss assets at December 31, 2005 were nonaccrual loans.
Delinquencies. The following table provides information about delinquencies in our loan portfolios at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | 30-59 Days Past Due | | 60-89 Days Past Due | | 30-59 Days Past Due | | 60-89 Days Past Due | | 30-59 Days Past Due | | 60-89 Days Past Due | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
One- to four-family | | $ | 792 | | $ | 498 | | $ | 2,017 | | $ | 581 | | $ | 999 | | $ | 670 | |
Multi-family and commercial real estate | | | — | | | — | | | 510 | | | 150 | | | 272 | | | 62 | |
Commercial business | | | 164 | | | — | | | 64 | | | 15 | | | 20 | | | — | |
Consumer loans | | | 7 | | | — | | | 135 | | | 12 | | | 61 | | | 75 | |
Total | | $ | 963 | | $ | 498 | | $ | 2,726 | | $ | 758 | | $ | 1,352 | | $ | 807 | |
Securities. Our securities portfolio consists primarily of U.S. Government and agency obligations as well as mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations with maturities of 30 years or less. Securities increased by $26.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2005 primarily due to the purchase of securities funded primarily through Federal Home Loan Bank advances. Securities decreased by $2.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2004 primarily due to the sale of $9.3 million of securities with a weighted average rate of 3.56%. This was partially offset by the purchase of new securities using proceeds from the stock offering. Substantially all of our mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations were issued either by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. Our securities portfolio also includes a private label collateralized mortgage obligation along with municipal obligations, money market preferred obligations and, to a lesser extent, corporate obligations and interest-bearing balances (certificates of deposits) at other institutions. The interest-bearing balances are all held-to-maturity and all mature within three years.
The following table sets forth the amortized costs and fair values of our securities portfolio at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value | | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government and agency obligations | | $ | 8,497 | | $ | 8,369 | | $ | 15,072 | | $ | 15,210 | | $ | 22,861 | | $ | 23,356 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | 22,544 | | | 22,082 | | | 12,249 | | | 12,092 | | | 7,865 | | | 7,748 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations | | | 4,199 | | | 4,098 | | | 3,812 | | | 3,794 | | | 6,031 | | | 6,062 | |
Municipal obligations | | | 8,715 | | | 8,769 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Money market preferred obligations | | | 6,000 | | | 6,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Corporate obligations | | | 1,928 | | | 1,923 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Held-to-maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government and agency obligations | | | 1,202 | | | 1,189 | | | 703 | | | 708 | | | 706 | | | 722 | |
Interest-bearing balances | | | 3,800 | | | 3,800 | | | 4,465 | | | 4,465 | | | 855 | | | 855 | |
Total | | $ | 56,885 | | $ | 56,230 | | $ | 36,301 | | $ | 36,269 | | $ | 38,318 | | $ | 38,743 | |
At December 31, 2005, we did not own any securities, other than U.S. Government and agency securities, that had an aggregate book value in excess of 10% of our total capital at that date.
The following table sets forth the final maturities and weighted average yields of securities at December 31, 2005. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are secured by mortgages and as a result produce monthly principal repayments which are not reflected in the table below. Certain mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and money market preferred obligations have adjustable interest rates and reprice within the various maturity ranges. These repricing schedules are not reflected in the table below. At December 31, 2005, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations with adjustable rates totaled $26.5 million.
| | Less Than One Year | | More than One Year to Five Years | | More than Five Years to Ten Years | | More than Ten Years | | Total | |
| | Carrying Value | | Weighted Average Yield | | Carrying Value | | Weighted Average Yield | | Carrying Value | | Weighted Average Yield | | Carrying Value | | Weighted Average Yield | | Carrying Value | | Weighted Average Yield | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government and agency obligations | | $ | 6,806 | | | 4.22 | % | $ | 7,404 | | | 4.13 | % | $ | 965 | | | 5.52 | % | $ | — | | | — | % | $ | 15,175 | | | 4.26 | % |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | — | | | 1,836 | | | 3.70 | | | — | | | — | | | 20,246 | | | 4.44 | | | 22,082 | | | 4.38 | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 4,098 | | | 4.17 | | | 4,098 | | | 4.17 | |
Municipal obligations | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 8,769 | | | 4.77 | | | 8,769 | | | 4.77 | |
Money market preferred obligations | | | 6,000 | | | 3.66 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 6,000 | | | 3.66 | |
Corporate obligations | | | — | | | — | | | 192 | | | 5.21 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,923 | | | 5.21 | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | | 12,806 | | | 3.96 | | | 11,163 | | | 4.25 | | | 965 | | | 5.52 | | | 33,113 | | | 4.49 | | | 58,047 | | | 4.34 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Held-to-maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Government and agency obligations | | | — | | | | | | 1,202 | | | 4.10 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,202 | | | 4.10 | |
Interest-bearing balances | | | 2,470 | | | 2.34 | | | 1,330 | | | 3.16 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,800 | | | 2.63 | |
Total held-to-maturity securities | | | 2,470 | | | 2.34 | | | 2,532 | | | 3.61 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,002 | | | 2.98 | |
Total | | $ | 15,276 | | | 3.70 | | $ | 13,695 | | | 4.13 | | $ | 965 | | | 5.52 | | $ | 33,113 | | | 4.49 | | $ | 63,049 | | | 4.24 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bank Owned Life Insurance. During 2003, we purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. We purchased $2.5 million of additional policies in the fourth quarter of 2005. Bank owned life insurance is recorded as an asset at the lower of its cash surrender value or the amount that can be realized.
Deposits. Our primary source of funds are retail deposit accounts held principally by individuals and businesses within our market area. The deposit base is comprised of certificate accounts, regular savings accounts, checking and NOW accounts and money market savings accounts. At December 31, 2005, we had no brokered deposits. Total deposits increased $47.5 million or 24.6% in the year ended December 31, 2005. During that time period, certificate accounts increased 50.8%, regular savings accounts increased by 16.9%, checking and NOW accounts increased by 26.5% while money market deposit accounts decreased by 35.3%. The increases in our deposit accounts were primarily due to increased advertising and more aggressive pricing. The decrease in money market accounts was primarily due to the transfer of funds to a new savings product with higher pricing.
The following table sets forth the balances of our deposit products at the date indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | |
Certificate accounts | | $ | 122,431 | | $ | 81,200 | | $ | 86,192 | |
Regular savings accounts | | | 51,375 | | | 43,941 | | | 40,185 | |
Checking and NOW accounts | | | 46,825 | | | 37,003 | | | 32,723 | |
Money market savings accounts | | | 20,215 | | | 31,222 | | | 24,355 | |
Total | | $ | 240,846 | | $ | 193,366 | | $ | 183,455 | |
The following table indicates the amount of jumbo certificate accounts by time remaining until maturity at December 31, 2005. Jumbo certificate accounts require minimum deposits of $100,000.
Maturity Period | | Certificate Accounts | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | |
Three months or less | | $ | 2,610 | |
Over three through six months | | | 6,104 | |
Over six through twelve months | | | 6,442 | |
Over twelve months | | | 16,845 | |
Total | | $ | 32,001 | |
The following table sets forth the certificate accounts classified by rates at the dates indicated.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | |
0.00 - 0.99% | | $ | 2,416 | | $ | 13,094 | | $ | 15,170 | |
1.00 - 1.99 | | | 17,633 | | | 31,371 | | | 34,215 | |
2.00 - 2.99 | | | 16,699 | | | 14,704 | | | 14,026 | |
3.00 - 3.99 | | | 50,729 | | | 14,228 | | | 12,953 | |
4.00 - 4.99 | | | 34,954 | | | 6,884 | | | 8,546 | |
5.00 - 5.99 | | | — | | | 919 | | | 1,282 | |
Total | | $ | 122,431 | | $ | 81,200 | | $ | 86,192 | |
The following table sets forth the amount and maturities of certificate accounts at December 31, 2005.
| | Amount Due | | | | | |
| | Less Than One Year | | More Than One Year to Two Years | | More Than Two Years to Three Years | | More Than Three to Four Years | | More Than Four Years | | Total | | Percent of Total Certificate Accounts | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0.00 - 0.99% | | $ | 2,367 | | $ | 49 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 2,416 | | | 1.97 | % |
1.00 - 1.99 | | | 14,386 | | | 2,985 | | | 262 | | | — | | | — | | | 17,633 | | | 14.40 | |
2.00 - 2.99 | | | 14,249 | | | 1,533 | | | 917 | | | — | | | — | | | 16,699 | | | 13.64 | |
3.00 - 3.99 | | | 28,306 | | | 11,660 | | | 7,707 | | | 2,813 | | | 243 | | | 50,729 | | | 41.43 | |
4.00 - 4.99 | | | 3,886 | | | 20,840 | | | 4,678 | | | 1,262 | | | 4,288 | | | 34,954 | | | 28.55 | |
Total | | $ | 63,194 | | $ | 37,067 | | $ | 13,564 | | $ | 4,075 | | $ | 4,531 | | $ | 122,431 | | | 100.00 | % |
The following table sets forth the savings activity for the periods indicated.
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | |
Beginning balance | | $ | 193,366 | | $ | 183,455 | | $ | 173,231 | |
Increase before interest credited | | | 44,086 | | | 7,654 | | | 7,376 | |
Interest credited | | | 3,394 | | | 2,257 | | | 2,848 | |
Net increase in savings deposits | | | 47,480 | | | 9,911 | | | 10,224 | |
Ending balance | | $ | 240,846 | | $ | 193,366 | | $ | 183,455 | |
Borrowings. We borrow funds from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston during periods of low liquidity to match fund increases in our fixed-rate mortgage portfolio and to provide long-term fixed-rate funding with the goal of decreasing our exposure to an increase in interest rates. In 2005 we also borrowed funds from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston to purchase securities. In addition, we occasionally borrow short-term from correspondent banks to cover temporary cash needs. At December 31, 2005, we had the ability to borrow a total of $2.5 million from a correspondent bank, $1.9 million of which was borrowed at such date.
The following table presents certain information regarding our Federal Home Loan Bank advances during the periods and at the dates indicated.
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | |
Maximum amount of advances outstanding at any month end during the period | | $ | 57,059 | | $ | 34,643 | | $ | 34,990 | |
Average advances outstanding during the period | | | 38,530 | | | 27,379 | | | 27,765 | |
Weighted average interest rate during the period | | | 3.93 | % | | 4.59 | % | | 5.02 | % |
Balance outstanding at end of period | | $ | 57,059 | | $ | 15,826 | | $ | 34,990 | |
Weighted average interest rate at end of period | | | 4.20 | % | | 4.42 | % | | 4.37 | % |
Capital. Total capital decreased by $600,000, or 1.2%, to $51.0 million at December 31, 2005 from $51.6 million at December 31, 2004. Total capital increased $30.4 million, or 143.4%, to $51.6 million at December 31, 2004 from $21.2 million at December 31, 2003. Our average equity to average assets ratio was 16.87% at December 31, 2005 compared to 11.37% at December 31, 2004 and 9.02% at December 31, 2003. Total capital increased in 2003 and 2004 primarily due to net income in 2003 and the minority stock issuance in 2004. The decrease in 2005 was due to net income of $1.9 million, $1.8 million in capital adjustments related to the Company’s 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, year-to-date dividends of $500,000 paid to stockholders, a net increase to the unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities of $427,000 and $218,000 in capital adjustments related to the release of 19,889 shares of our employee stock ownership plan.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | % Change 2005/2004 | | % Change 2004/2003 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 1,905 | | $ | 415 | | $ | 1,806 | | | 359.04 | % | | (77.02 | )% |
Return on average assets | | | 0.62 | % | | 0.16 | % | | 0.77 | % | | 287.50 | % | | (79.22 | )% |
Return on average equity | | | 3.66 | % | | 1.42 | % | | 8.59 | % | | 157.75 | % | | (83.47 | )% |
2005 v. 2004. Net income increased primarily due to an increase in net interest income and non-interest income. These increases were partially offset by increases in non-interest expense and increases in tax and loan loss provisions.
2004 v. 2003. Net income decreased primarily due to an increase in noninterest expense. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily the result of a charitable contribution expense of $1.5 million to establish the Naugatuck Valley Savings and Loan Foundation and a prepayment fee of $498,000 paid to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston for the early payoff of $9.6 million in advances.
Net Interest Income.
2005 v. 2004. Net interest income increased $1.9 million, or 19.8%, to $11.0 million for 2005. The increase in net interest income for 2005 was the result of an increase in the average balances of interest earning assets combined with an increase in the average rate earned on these assets, partially offset by higher cost of funds.
Interest and dividend income for 2005 was $15.9 million, compared to $12.7 million for 2004, an increase of $3.2 million, or 25.1%. This increase was the result of an increase in the average balances of interest earning assets of 19.1% combined with an increase in the average rate earned on these assets of 27 basis points over the 2004 rates. The increase in interest earning assets is attributed primarily to an increase in the loan and investment portfolios. The average balances in the loan portfolio increased by 18.4% to $225.8 million in 2005, up from $190.7 million in 2004, while the average balance of investments increased by 59.1% to $53.0 million in 2005 from $33.3 million in 2004.
Interest expense for 2005 was $4.9 million compared to $3.6 million for 2004, an increase of $1.3 million or 38.8%. This increase resulted from a 37 basis point increase in the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities to 1.94% in 2005 from 1.57% in 2004 due to rising market rates on deposits and borrowings along with increases in the average balances of deposits and borrowings of $28.1 million, or 12.4%, to $254.5 million in 2005 from $226.4 in 2004. The increase in the average interest-bearing liabilities was due to increases in certificates of deposit, regular savings, checking and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank, partially offset by a decrease in the average balance of money market savings accounts.
2004 v. 2003. Net interest income increased $751,000, or 8.9%, to $9.2 million for 2004. This increase in net interest income for 2004 can be attributed primarily to a lower cost of funds along with higher balances of interest earning assets.
Interest and dividend income for 2004 was $12.7 million, compared to $12.6 million for 2003, an increase of $69,000, or 0.55%. This increase is attributable to an increase in average interest-earning assets of $19.2 million, or 8.8%, from $218.5 million in 2003 to $237.7 million in 2004, partially offset by a 44 basis point decrease in the average yield from 5.79% to 5.35%. The increase in the average balance was primarily in the loan portfolio.
Interest expense for 2004 was $3.6 million compared to $4.2 million for 2003, a decrease of $682,000 or 16.1%. This decrease resulted from a 44 basis point decrease in the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities to 1.57% in 2004 from 2.01% in 2003 due to a decline in market interest rates, partially offset by an increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities of $15.6 million, or 7.4%, to $226.4 million in 2004 from $210.8 in 2003. The increase in the average interest-bearing liabilities was due to increases in regular savings, checking and money market savings accounts.
Average Balances and Yields. The following table presents information regarding average balances of assets and liabilities, the total dollar amounts of interest income and dividends, the total dollar amount of interest expense and the resulting average yields and costs. The yields and costs for the periods indicated are derived by dividing income or expense by the average balances of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods presented. For purposes of this table, average balances have been calculated using the average of daily balances and nonaccrual loans are included in average balances only. During the 2005 period, we held tax-exempt municipal securities with an average balance of $6.3 million. The yields below do not reflect the tax benefits of these securities.
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | |
| | Average Balance | | Interest and Dividends | | Yield/ Cost | | Average Balance | | Interest and Dividends | | Yield/ Cost | | Average Balance | | Interest and Dividends | | Yield/ Cost | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 225,804 | | $ | 13,642 | | | 6.04 | % | $ | 190,713 | | $ | 11,240 | | | 5.89 | % | $ | 171,796 | | $ | 11,052 | | | 6.43 | % |
Fed Funds sold | | | 1,756 | | | 56 | | | 3.19 | | | 11,726 | | | 174 | | | 1.48 | | | 6,024 | | | 64 | | | 1.06 | |
Investment securities | | | 52,987 | | | 2,102 | | | 3.97 | | | 33,307 | | | 1,245 | | | 3.74 | | | 39,150 | | | 1,480 | | | 3.78 | |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | | 2,481 | | | 108 | | | 4.35 | | | 1,950 | | | 54 | | | 2.77 | | | 1,562 | | | 48 | | | 3.07 | |
Total interest-earning assets | | | 283,028 | | | 15,908 | | | 5.62 | | | 237,696 | | | 12,713 | | | 5.35 | | | 218,532 | | | 12,644 | | | 5.79 | |
Noninterest-earning assets | | | 25,386 | | | | | | | | | 19,731 | | | | | | | | | 14,534 | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 308,414 | | | | | | | | $ | 257,427 | | | | | | | | $ | 233,066 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Certificate accounts | | $ | 99,487 | | $ | 2,772 | | | 2.79 | | $ | 84,890 | | $ | 1,784 | | | 2.10 | | $ | 89,938 | | $ | 2,315 | | | 2.57 | |
Regular savings accounts and escrow | | | 51,326 | | | 360 | | | 0.70 | | | 48,929 | | | 209 | | | 0.43 | | | 40,905 | | | 229 | | | 0.56 | |
Checking and NOW accounts | | | 39,857 | | | 46 | | | 0.12 | | | 37,620 | | | 49 | | | 0.13 | | | 30,544 | | | 81 | | | 0.27 | |
Money market savings accounts | | | 25,160 | | | 245 | | | 0.97 | | | 27,547 | | | 261 | | | 0.95 | | | 21,599 | | | 223 | | | 1.03 | |
Total interest-bearing deposits | | | 215,830 | | | 3,423 | | | 1.59 | | | 198,986 | | | 2,303 | | | 1.16 | | | 182,986 | | | 2,848 | | | 1.56 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
FHLB advances | | | 38,530 | | | 1,512 | | | 3.92 | | | 27,379 | | | 1,256 | | | 4.59 | | | 27,765 | | | 1,393 | | | 5.02 | |
Other borrowings | | | 161 | | | 6 | | | 3.73 | | | 16 | | | — | | | | | | — | | | — | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | | | 254,521 | | | 4,941 | | | 1.94 | | | 226,381 | | | 3,559 | | | 1.57 | | | 210,751 | | | 4,241 | | | 2.01 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest-bearing liabilities | | | 1,869 | | | | | | | | | 1,767 | | | | | | | | | 1,285 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 256,390 | | | | | | | | | 228,148 | | | | | | | | | 212,036 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital | | | 52,024 | | | | | | | | | 29,279 | | | | | | | | | 21,030 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and capital | | $ | 308,414 | | | | | | | | $ | 257,427 | | | | | | | | $ | 233,066 | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | $ | 10,967 | | | | | | | | $ | 9,154 | | | | | | | | $ | 8,403 | | | | |
Interest rate spread | | | | | | | | | 3.68 | % | | | | | | | | 3.78 | % | | | | | | | | 3.77 | % |
Net interest margin | | | | | | | | | 3.87 | % | | | | | | | | 3.85 | % | | | | | | | | 3.85 | % |
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | | | | | | | | | 111.20 | % | | | | | | | | 105.00 | % | | | | | | | | 103.69 | % |
Rate/Volume Analysis. The following table sets forth the effects of changing rates and volumes on our net interest income. The rate column shows the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). The volume column shows the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate). For purposes of this table, changes attributable to changes in both rate and volume that cannot be segregated have been allocated proportionately based on the changes due to rate and the changes due to volume. The net column represents the sum of the prior columns.
| | 2005 Compared to 2004 | | 2004 Compared to 2003 | |
| | Increase (Decrease) Due to | | | | Increase (Decrease) Due to | | | |
| | Volume | | Rate | | Net | | Volume | | Rate | | Net | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Interest income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 2,114 | | $ | 288 | | $ | 2,402 | | $ | 789 | | $ | (601 | ) | $ | 188 | |
Fed Funds sold | | | 340 | | | (458 | ) | | (118 | ) | | 77 | | | 33 | | | 110 | |
Investment securities | | | 775 | | | 82 | | | 857 | | | (218 | ) | | (17 | ) | | (235 | ) |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | | 17 | | | 37 | | | 54 | | | 10 | | | (4 | ) | | 6 | |
Total interest income | | | 3,247 | | | (52 | ) | | 3,195 | | | 658 | | | (589 | ) | | 69 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Certificate accounts | | | 341 | | | 647 | | | 988 | | | (124 | ) | | (407 | ) | | (531 | ) |
Regular savings accounts | | | 11 | | | 140 | | | 151 | | | 28 | | | (48 | ) | | (20 | ) |
Checking and NOW accounts | | | 3 | | | (6 | ) | | (3 | ) | | 27 | | | (59 | ) | | (32 | ) |
Money market savings accounts | | | (24 | ) | | 8 | | | (16 | ) | | 54 | | | (16 | ) | | 38 | |
Total deposit expense | | | 332 | | | 788 | | | 1,120 | | | (16 | ) | | (529 | ) | | (545 | ) |
FHLB advances | | | 397 | | | (141 | ) | | 256 | | | (19 | ) | | (118 | ) | | (137 | ) |
Other borrowings | | | — | | | 6 | | | 6 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Total interest expense | | | 729 | | | 653 | | | 1,382 | | | (35 | ) | | (647 | ) | | (682 | ) |
Net interest income | | $ | 2,518 | | $ | (705 | ) | $ | 1,813 | | $ | 693 | | $ | 58 | | $ | 751 | |
Provision for Loan Losses.
2005 v. 2004. In 2005, a $32,000 provision was made to the allowance for loan losses. The provision in 2005 is due to the increasing size of the loan portfolio, in particular, the increasing size of our construction, multi-family and commercial real estate and commercial business loan portfolios. In addition, there was an increase in the allowance due to net recoveries. During 2005 there was a decrease in nonperforming loans and assets. As a result there was an increase in the ratio of the allowance to nonperforming loans and assets.
2004 v. 2003. In 2004, no provision was made to the allowance for loan losses. During 2004 there was a decrease in nonperforming loans and assets as well as improved asset quality ratios. Although no provision for loan losses was made in 2004, there was an increase in the allowance due to net recoveries. As a result there was an increase in the ratio of the allowance to nonperforming loans.
An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses is presented under “-Allowance for Loan Losses and Asset Quality.”
Noninterest Income. The following table shows the components of noninterest income and the percentage changes from 2005 to 2004 and from 2004 to 2003.
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | % Change 2005/2004 | | % Change 2004/2003 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Fees for services | | $ | 974 | | $ | 872 | | $ | 851 | | | 11.70 | % | | 2.47 | % |
Income from bank owned life insurance | | | 218 | | | 201 | | | 133 | | | 8.46 | | | 51.13 | |
Gain on sale of mortgages | | | — | | | 5 | | | 14 | | | (100.00 | ) | | (64.29 | ) |
Gain (loss) on sale of investments | | | 47 | | | (156 | ) | | 1 | | | 130.13 | | | (15,700.00 | ) |
Income from investment advisory services, net | | | 167 | | | 93 | | | 45 | | | 79.57 | | | 106.67 | |
Other income | | | 111 | | | 63 | | | 71 | | | 76.19 | | | (11.27 | ) |
Total | | $ | 1,517 | | $ | 1,078 | | $ | 1,115 | | | 40.72 | % | | (3.32)% | |
2005 v. 2004. Income from investment advisory services increased $74,000, or 79.6%, to $167,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to $93,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004 due to increased volume in this area. Fees for services increased by $102,000 or 11.7% to $974,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005 up from $872,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The 2004 period included a net loss on sale of investments of $156,000, while the 2005 period included a gain of $47,000. An increase of $17,000, or 8.5%, in income earned from investments in bank-owned life insurance was also recorded in the 2005 period.
2004 v. 2003. Income from investment advisory services totaled $93,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $45,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. Income from bank owned life insurance increased to $201,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004 up from $133,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The overall decrease of 3.32% in non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2004 was primarily due to the $156,000 loss on the sale of investments.
Noninterest Expense. The following table shows the components of noninterest expense and the percentage changes from 2005 to 2004 and from 2004 to 2003.
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | % Change 2005/2004 | | % Change 2004/2003 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation, taxes and benefits | | $ | 5,912 | | $ | 4,636 | | $ | 4,024 | | | 27.52 | % | | 15.21 | % |
Charitable contributions | | | 34 | | | 1,587 | | | 50 | | | (97.86 | ) | | 3,074.00 | |
Office occupancy | | | 1,538 | | | 1,191 | | | 1,140 | | | 29.14 | | | 4.47 | |
Computer processing | | | 624 | | | 547 | | | 507 | | | 14.08 | | | 7.89 | |
Prepayment fee on Federal Home Loan Bank advances | | | — | | | 498 | | | — | | | (100.00 | ) | | N/A | |
Advertising | | | 523 | | | 318 | | | 240 | | | 64.47 | | | 32.50 | |
Professional fees | | | 448 | | | 272 | | | 143 | | | 64.71 | | | 90.21 | |
Office supplies | | | 232 | | | 190 | | | 201 | | | 22.11 | | | (5.47 | ) |
(Gain) Loss on foreclosed real estate, net | | | (35 | ) | | (57 | ) | | 2 | | | (38.60 | ) | | (2,950.00 | ) |
Other expenses | | | 821 | | | 621 | | | 538 | | | 32.21 | | | 15.43 | |
Total | | $ | 10,097 | | $ | 9,803 | | $ | 6,845 | | | 3.00 | % | | 43.21 | % |
Other expenses for all periods include, among other items, insurance, postage and expenses related to checking accounts. Expenses associated with being a public company and supervisory examinations are included in the 2005 and 2004 periods.
2005 v. 2004 The increase in noninterest expense increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.3 million in compensation costs, an increase of $347,000 in office occupancy expenses, an increase of $205,000 in advertising expenditures, an increase of $176,000 in legal, accounting and consulting fees and an increase of $77,000 in computer processing costs. The increase in advertising expense relates to more aggressive advertising for deposit products, while the increase in legal, accounting and consulting fees are the result of being a public
company. The compensation costs in the 2005 periods include expenses related to the adoption of the equity incentive plan previously approved by shareholders. Occupancy expenses increased in both 2005 periods as a result of the opening of new branches in January and July 2005. The 2004 period included a charitable contribution of $1.5 million to establish the Naugatuck Valley Savings and Loan Foundation and a prepayment charge of $498,000 on the early payoff of $9.6 million of FHLB borrowings.
2004 v. 2003. Compensation, taxes and benefits increased due to salary increases, benefits increases and additional compensation related to new employees and resulting payroll taxes. The increase in employees is the result of additional back-office staff and new employees to staff the office in Seymour. Charitable contributions increased in 2004 due to the formation and funding of the Naugatuck Valley Savings and Loan Foundation. The increase in professional fees is primarily the result of increases in legal, consulting and accounting services associated with the new holding company structure.
Income Taxes
2005 v. 2004. Income taxes increased due to a higher level of taxable income in the 2005 period. The 2004 period included the charitable contribution resulting from the formation and funding of the Naugatuck Valley Savings and Loan Foundation. The Company continues to benefit from income exempt from income taxes including income from bank-owned life insurance and municipal securities, along with deferred tax benefits related to tax bad debt reserves in the calculation of the effective tax rate. The effective tax rate for 2005 was 19.1% compared to 3.3% for 2004.
2004 v. 2003. Income taxes decreased due to a lower level of taxable income primarily due to the charitable contribution resulting from the formation and funding of Naugatuck Valley Savings and Loan Foundation, an increase in non-taxable income, and deferred tax benefits related to tax bad debt reserves. The effective tax rate for 2004 was 3.3% compared to 31.3% for 2003.
Market Risk Analysis
Qualitative Aspects of Market Risk. Our most significant form of market risk is interest rate risk. We manage the interest rate sensitivity of our interest-bearing liabilities and interest-earning assets in an effort to minimize the adverse effects of changes in the interest rate environment. Deposit accounts typically react more quickly to changes in market interest rates than mortgage loans because of the shorter maturities of deposits. As a result, sharp increases in interest rates may adversely affect our earnings while decreases in interest rates may beneficially affect our earnings. To reduce the potential volatility of our earnings, we have sought to improve the match between assets and liability maturities (or rate adjustment periods), while maintaining an acceptable interest rate spread, by originating adjustable-rate mortgage loans for retention in our loan portfolio, variable-rate home equity lines and variable-rate commercial loans and by purchasing variable-rate investments and investments with expected maturities of less than 10 years. In 2002-2004 we sold a small percentage of our originations of longer term fixed-rate one- to four-family mortgage loans in the secondary market based on prevailing market interest rate conditions, an analysis of the composition and risk of the loan portfolio, liquidity needs and interest rate risk management goals. We did not sell any loans in 2005. Generally, loans are sold without recourse and with servicing retained. We currently do not participate in hedging programs, interest rate swaps or other activities involving the use of off-balance sheet derivative financial instruments.
Our Asset/Liability Committee communicates, coordinates and controls all aspects of asset/liability management. The committee establishes and monitors the volume and mix of assets and funding sources with the objective of managing assets and funding sources.
Quantitative Aspects of Market Risk. We use an interest rate sensitivity analysis prepared by the Office of Thrift Supervision to review our level of interest rate risk. This analysis measures interest rate risk by computing changes in net portfolio value of our cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items in the event of a range of assumed changes in market interest rates. Net portfolio value represents the market value of portfolio equity and is equal to the market value of assets minus the market value of liabilities, with adjustments made for off-balance sheet items. This analysis assesses the risk of loss in market risk sensitive instruments in the event of a sudden and sustained a 100 to 300 basis point increase or a 100 to 200 basis point decrease in market interest rates with no effect given to any steps that we might take to counter the effect of that interest rate movement. We measure interest rate risk by modeling the changes in net portfolio value over a variety of interest rate scenarios.
The following table, which is based on information that we provide to the Office of Thrift Supervision, presents the change in our net portfolio value at December 31, 2005 that would occur in the event of an immediate change in interest rates based on Office of Thrift Supervision assumptions, with no effect given to any steps that we might take to counteract that change.
Basis Point (“bp”) | | Net Portfolio Value | | Net Portfolio Value as % of Present Value of Assets |
Change in Rates | | $ Amount | | $ Change | | % Change | | NPV Ratio | | Change |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
300 bp | | $ | 34,847 | | | $ | (17,063 | ) | | | (33 | )% | | | 10.39 | % | | | (4.07 | )% |
200 | | | 40,579 | | | | (11,331 | ) | | | (22 | ) | | | 11.83 | | | | (2.63 | ) |
100 | | | 46,417 | | | | (5,493 | ) | | | (11 | ) | | | 13.22 | | | | (1.24 | ) |
0 | | | 51,910 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 14.46 | | | | — | |
(100) | | | 55,471 | | | | 3,561 | | | | 7 | | | | 15.20 | | | | 0.74 | |
(200) | | | 54,958 | | | | 3,048 | | | | 6 | | | | 14.98 | | | | 0.52 | |
The Office of Thrift Supervision uses certain assumptions in assessing the interest rate risk of savings associations. These assumptions relate to interest rates, loan prepayment rates, deposit decay rates, and the market values of certain assets under differing interest rate scenarios, among others. As with any method of measuring interest rate risk, certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the foregoing table. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable-rate mortgage loans, have features that restrict changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, expected rates of prepayments on loans and early withdrawals from certificates could deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the table.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is the ability to meet current and future short-term financial obligations. Our primary sources of funds consist of deposit inflows, loan repayments and maturities and sales of investment securities and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and mortgage prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.
Each quarter we project liquidity availability and demands on this liquidity for the next 90 days. We regularly adjust our investments in liquid assets based upon our assessment of (1) expected loan demand, (2) expected deposit flows, (3) yields available on interest-earning deposits and securities, and (4) the objectives of our asset/liability management program. Excess liquid assets are invested generally in interest-earning deposits, Federal funds and short- and intermediate-term U.S. Government agency obligations.
Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents and interest-bearing deposits. The levels of these assets depend on our operating, financing, lending and investing activities during any given period. At December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, cash and cash equivalents totaled $9.0 million, $7.6 million and $9.8 million, respectively, including Federal funds of $29,000, $23,000 and $5.0 million, respectively. Securities classified as available for sale, which provide additional sources of liquidity, totaled $58.0 million, $31.1 million and $37.2 million at December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively. At December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, we had the ability to borrow a total of $112.3 million, $95.9 million and $97.1 million, respectively, from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston, of which $57.1 million, $15.8 million and $35.0 million was outstanding, respectively. At December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, we had arranged overnight lines of credit of $2.5 million with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston for all periods. We had no overnight advances outstanding with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston on these dates. In addition, at December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, we had ability to borrow $2.5 million, $2.0 million and $2.0 million respectively from a correspondent bank, of which $1.9 million was outstanding on this line at December 31, 2005. There were no advances outstanding of this line at December 31, 2004 or December 31, 2003.
At December 31, 2005, we had $18.2 million in unused line availability on home equity lines of credit, $3.3 million in unadvanced commercial lines, $2.9 million in mortgage commitments, $3.8 million in commercial mortgage loan commitments, $15.0 million in unadvanced construction mortgage commitments, $2.0 million in letters of credit, $850,000 in commercial business loan commitments and $210,000 in overdraft line of credit availability. Certificates of deposit due within one year of December 31, 2005 totaled $63.2 million, or 26.2% of total deposits. If these deposits do not remain with us, we will be required to seek other sources of funds, including other certificates of deposit and lines of credit. Depending on market conditions, we may be required to pay higher rates on such deposits or other borrowings than we currently pay on the certificates of deposit due on or before December 31, 2006. We believe, however, based on past experience, that a significant portion of our certificates of deposit will remain with us. We have the ability to attract and retain deposits by adjusting the interest rates offered.
Historically, we have remained highly liquid, with our liquidity position increasing substantially over the past two fiscal years. We expect that all of our liquidity needs, including the contractual commitments set forth in the table below, the estimated costs of our branch expansion plans and increases in loan demand can be met by our currently available liquid assets and cash flows. If loan demand were to increase at a pace greater than expected, or any unforeseen demand or commitment were to occur, we would access our borrowing capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston. We expect that our currently available liquid assets and our ability to borrow from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston would be sufficient to satisfy our liquidity needs without any material adverse effect on our liquidity. We are not aware of any trends and/or demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that could result in a material decrease in liquidity.
The following table presents certain of our contractual obligations at December 31, 2005.
| | Payments Due by Period | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5 years | | More than 5 years | |
| | (In thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt obligations | | $ | 57,059 | | $ | 35,503 | | $ | 10,955 | | $ | 8,671 | | $ | 1,930 | |
Operating lease obligations | | | 1,887 | | | 149 | | | 301 | | | 316 | | | 1,121 | |
Total | | $ | 58,946 | | $ | 35,652 | | $ | 11,256 | | $ | 8,987 | | $ | 3,051 | |
Our primary investing activities are the origination of loans and the purchase of securities. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we originated $124.2 million of loans and purchased $51.1 million of securities. In 2004, we originated $83.8 million of loans and purchased $24.4 million of securities. In 2003, we originated $101.0 million of loans and purchased $20.5 million of securities. During the year ended December 31, 2005, these activities were funded primarily by an increase in deposits of $47.5 million, net advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston of $41.2 million, proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities of $23.0 million and proceeds from held-to-maturity securities of $665,000. During the year ended December 31, 2004, these activities were funded primarily by the net proceeds from the stock issuance of $31.6 million, proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities of $26.2 million, an increase of deposits of $9.9 million and proceeds from the sale of loans of $1.9 million. During 2003, these activities were funded primarily by the proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities of $14.4 million, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston of $13.9 million, an increase of deposits of $10.2 million, proceeds from the sale of loans of $8.9 million and uninvested cash and cash equivalents of $8.0 million.
Historically, our investment portfolio had been funded by excess liquidity when deposit inflows exceed loan demand. During 2005, we implemented two leverage strategies with the objective of enhancing earnings. In the first strategy, we borrowed $28.8 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston on a short term basis to fund the purchase of a like amount of long term securities. In the second strategy, we have borrowed up to $11.0 million short-term from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston throughout the year to fund the purchase of same term money market preferred securities. Both strategies were accretive to earnings.
Financing activities consist primarily of activity in deposit accounts and in Federal Home Loan Bank advances. We experienced a net increase in total deposits of $47.5 million, $9.9 million and $10.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Deposit flows are affected by the overall level of interest rates, the interest rates and products offered by us and our local competitors and other factors. We generally
manage the pricing of our deposits to be competitive and to increase core deposit relationships. Occasionally, we offer promotional rates on certain deposit products in order to attract deposits. We experienced an increase in Federal Home Loan Bank advances of $41.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, a decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank advances of $19.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 and an increase in Federal Home Loan Bank advances of $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in advances in 2005 was primarily used for our lending and investing activities. During 2004, $9.6 million of advances with an average rate of 5.29% were prepaid in an effort to reduce the cost of funds.
We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the Office of Thrift Supervision, including a risk-based capital measure. The risk-based capital guidelines include both a definition of capital and a framework for calculating risk-weighted assets by assigning balance sheet assets and off-balance sheet items to broad risk categories. At December 31, 2005, we exceeded all of our regulatory capital requirements. We are considered “well capitalized” under regulatory guidelines. See note 13 of the notes to the financial statements in this annual report.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of operations, we engage in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, are not recorded in our financial statements. These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate, and liquidity risk. Such transactions are used primarily to manage customers’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments, unused lines of credit, amounts due mortgagors on construction loans, amounts due on commercial loans, commercial letters of credit and commitments to sell loans. See note 15 of the notes to the financial statements in this annual report.
For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we engaged in no off-balance-sheet transactions reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, approved issuing a Staff Position to delay the requirement to record impairment losses under EITF 03-1, but broadened the scope to include additional types of securities. As proposed, the delay would have applied only to those debt securities described in paragraph 16 of EITF 03-1, the Consensus that provides guidance for determining whether an investment’s impairment is other than temporary and should be recognized in income. On June 29, 2005, the FASB directed the EITF to issue EITF Issue 03-1-a, “Implementation Guidance for the Application of Paragraph 16 of EITF Issue No. 03-1,” as final. On November 3, 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position, or FSP, FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.” The FSP addresses determining when an investment is considered impaired and whether that impairment is other than temporary, and measuring an impairment loss. The FSP also addresses the accounting after an entity recognizes another-than-temporary impairment, and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that the entity did not recognize as other-than-temporary impairments. The FSP is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect a significant effect on its financial statements when the FSP is adopted.
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.123(R), “Share-Based Payment”, that will require compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the grant-date fair value of equity or liability instruments issued. Statement 123(R) replaces Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”, and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) in the third quarter of 2005. See note 2 and note 10 of the notes to the financial statements in this annual report for details on the impact of SFAS 123 (R) on the Company’s financial statements.
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board also issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29.” Statement No. 153 amends APB Opinion 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions,” to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange.
Statement No. 153 is effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company does not engage in exchanges of nonmonetary assets and expects no change to its financial statements as a result of this standard.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154 -Accounting Changes and Error Corrections. SFAS No. 154, a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20- Accounting Changes and FASB Statement No. 3 - Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements. SFAS No. 154 requires retrospective application for voluntary changes in accounting principles unless it is impracticable to do so. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. Early application is permitted for accounting changes and corrections of errors during fiscal years beginning after June 1, 2005. At this time, the Company is uncertain how the application of SFAS 154 will impact prior period financial statements for the implementation of future accounting pronouncements.
In July 2005, the FASB issued an exposure draft titled Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions, an Interpretation of SFAS No. 109 - Accounting for Income Taxes. This exposure draft addresses accounting for tax uncertainties that arise when a position that an entity takes on its tax return may be different from the position that the taxing authority may take, and provides guidance about the accounting for tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions, classification of a liability recognized for those tax positions, and interim reporting considerations. The proposed interpretation is not expected to be issued until the first quarter of 2006, at which time the FASB will decide on a revised effective date and transition period. The Company does not anticipate any change in its financial statements as a result of the exposure draft.
Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices
We have prepared the financial statements and related financial data presented in this report in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The primary impact of inflation on our operations is reflected in increased operating costs. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on our performance than do general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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See notes to consolidated financial statements.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company realized gross gains of $47,046 compared with realized gross gains of $23,787 and gross losses of $179,952 for the year ended December 31, 2004, and realized gross gains of $6,213 and gross losses of $5,377 on sales of investment securities during the year ended December 31, 2003. There were no gross losses realized in 2005.