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424B3 Filing
Top Ships (TOPS) 424B3Prospectus supplement
Filed: 26 Jul 04, 12:00am
Pursuant to Rule 424B3
Registration No. 333-117213
13,330,000 Shares Common Stock |
We are offering 12,258,570 shares of our common stock and a selling shareholder is offering 1,071,430 shares of our common stock. The underwriters have an option to purchase up to an additional 1,999,500 shares of common stock from us and the selling shareholder to cover over-allotments. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling shareholder.
This is our initial public offering. Our common stock has been approved for listing on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "TOPT." The initial public offering price is $11.00 per share.
INVESTING IN OUR COMMON STOCK INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 8.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
| Per Share | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Offering Price | $ | 11.00 | $ | 146,630,000 | ||
Underwriting Discount | $ | 0.66 | $ | 8,797,800 | ||
Proceeds to us (before expenses) | $ | 10.34 | $ | 126,753,614 | ||
Proceeds to selling shareholder | $ | 10.34 | $ | 11,078,586 |
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about July 28, 2004.
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
Hibernia Southcoast Capital
HARRISdirect
The date of this prospectus is July 23, 2004
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES | ii | |
THE INTERNATIONAL TANKER MARKET | ii | |
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY | 1 | |
RISK FACTORS | 8 | |
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS | 18 | |
USE OF PROCEEDS | 19 | |
DIVIDEND POLICY | 19 | |
CAPITALIZATION | 19 | |
DILUTION | 20 | |
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA | 21 | |
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 24 | |
THE INTERNATIONAL TANKER INDUSTRY | 44 | |
BUSINESS | 47 | |
MANAGEMENT | 61 | |
PRINCIPAL AND SELLING SHAREHOLDERS | 64 | |
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 64 | |
REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT | 64 | |
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE | 64 | |
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK | 66 | |
CERTAIN MARSHALL ISLANDS COMPANY CONSIDERATIONS | 68 | |
TAX CONSIDERATIONS | 71 | |
OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION | 79 | |
UNDERWRITING | 80 | |
LEGAL MATTERS | 83 | |
EXPERTS | 83 | |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 83 | |
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | F-1 |
We have not authorized anyone to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in the prospectus. Do not rely upon any information or representations made outside of this prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy (1) any securities other than shares of our common stock or (2) shares of our common stock in any circumstances in which our offer or solicitation is unlawful. The information contained in this prospectus may change after the date of this prospectus. Do not assume after the date of this prospectus that the information contained in this prospectus is still correct.
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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
TOP Tankers Inc. is a Marshall Islands company and our executive offices are located outside of the U.S. in Athens, Greece. A majority of our directors, officers and the experts named in the prospectus reside outside the U.S. In addition, a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of our directors, officers and experts are located outside of the U.S. As a result, you may have difficulty serving legal process within the U.S. upon us or any of these persons. You may also have difficulty enforcing, both in and outside the U.S., judgments you may obtain in U.S. courts against us or these persons in any action, including actions based upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal or state securities laws.
Furthermore, there is substantial doubt that the courts of the Marshall Islands or Greece would enter judgments in original actions brought in those courts predicated on U.S. federal or state securities laws.
THE INTERNATIONAL TANKER MARKET
Clarksons Research Studies, or CRS, a division of H. Clarkson & Co., Ltd., has provided us with industry statistical data that we use in the discussion of the tanker industry contained in the sections of this prospectus entitled "Prospectus Summary," "The International Tanker Industry" and "Business." We believe that the information and data supplied by CRS is accurate in all material respects and we have relied upon them for purposes of this prospectus. CRS has advised us that the statistical information contained herein is drawn from the CRS database and other sources. CRS has advised that
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This section summarizes some of the information and financial statements that appear later in this prospectus. As an investor or prospective investor, you should review carefully the risk factors and the more detailed information and financial statements that appear later.
We use the term deadweight, or dwt, in describing the size of tanker vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and supplies that a tanker can carry. When we refer to the tankers that we have agreed to purchase we use the names that we will rename them upon delivery.
General
We currently own and operate a fleet of 7 tankers, consisting of 2 double-hull Handymax tankers, 2 double-hull Suezmax tankers and 3 single-hull Handysize tankers, representing a carrying capacity of more than 454,000 dwt. We refer to these 7 tankers as our initial fleet. Our Handymax tankers carry refined petroleum products, such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and heating oil, our Suezmax tankers carry crude oil and our Handysize tankers carry mainly edible oils and some clean refined petroleum products. 80% of our initial fleet by dwt is double-hull.
We intend to acquire 10 double-hull tankers from their current owners for a total purchase price of $251.2 million, approximately $118.9 million of which will come from the net proceeds of this offering. We refer to these 10 tankers as our Identified Tankers. We have accepted our lender's offer letter to provide us with a new senior secured credit facility under which we can borrow up to $222.0 million. We expect to borrow $132.3 million under the new credit facility to finance the balance of the purchase price of the Identified Tankers. We expect to borrow the remainder to refinance all our existing senior secured debt, other than the existing debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels. The Identified Tankers consist of 8 Handymax tankers and 2 Suezmax tankers built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. and Halla Engineering & Heavy Industries Limited of the Republic of Korea, respectively. The Identified Tankers were built during 1991 and 1992. Unless indicated otherwise, references to our combined fleet are to our fleet of tankers after giving effect to the purchase of the Identified Tankers. Our acquisition of the Identified Tankers will increase the size of our combined fleet to 17 tankers, representing more than 1,100,000 dwt. 92% of our combined fleet will be double-hull design compared to 61% of the worldwide tanker fleet over 10,000 dwt, according to Clarksons Research Studies. We are a Marshall Islands company with our principal executive offices in Athens, Greece. Since our inception in 2000, we have increased the size and carrying capacity of our fleet from 2 vessels and approximately 60,000 dwt to our combined fleet of 17 tankers and approximately 1,100,000 dwt.
Our financial strategy is focused on maintaining a targeted level of leverage and distributing a portion of our annual net income as dividends to our shareholders. Following the completion of this offering and the acquisition of the Identified Tankers, we expect to have a ratio of indebtedness to total capital of approximately 59%. We intend to maintain a targeted ratio of indebtedness to total capital of approximately 50% when making additional vessel acquisitions. Our business strategy is focused on building and maintaining enduring relationships with oil companies, charterers and oil traders and other participants in the international tanker industry, including brokers, suppliers, classification societies, insurers and others. We seek to continue to create long-term value principally by acquiring and operating high quality, double-hull, refined petroleum products and crude oil tankers. Consistent with this strategy, our combined fleet will enable us to serve customers in both the crude oil and refined petroleum products sectors of the tanker industry. We intend to sell our single-hull tankers before the end of 2004.
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We believe we have established a reputation in the international tanker industry for operating and maintaining our fleet with high standards of performance, reliability and safety. We have assembled a management team comprised of executives who have extensive experience operating large and diversified fleets of tankers and other vessels and who have strong ties to a number of national, regional and international oil companies, charterers and oil traders.
Currently, our most significant customers, and the percentage of revenues we derived from them in 2003, include:
We have established TOP Tanker Management Inc., or TOP Tanker Management, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which will be responsible for all of the chartering, operational and technical management of our fleet under management agreements with us. Upon our acquisition of the Identified Tankers, TOP Tanker Management will subcontract the technical management of the Identified Tankers to Unicom Management, an unaffiliated ship management company based in Cyprus that is currently responsible for the technical management of the Identified Tankers. TOP Tanker Management will also subcontract the technical management of the initial fleet to V.Ships Management Limited, an unaffiliated ship management company based in the Isle of Man, and may subcontract the technical management of vessels acquired in the future to third-party technical management companies that are unaffiliated with us.
We intend to deploy all 4 of our Suezmax tankers and all 3 of our Handysize tankers in the spot charter market, and will deploy all 10 of our Handymax tankers under two-year time charter contracts that include profit sharing arrangements. Our tankers operating in the spot charter market combined with the profit sharing arrangements of our tankers that will operate under time charter contracts enables us to benefit from increasing spot charter rates. The profit sharing arrangements associated with our Handymax tankers provide for a guaranteed base rate, plus, up to approximately 50% of the difference between the base rate and the actual charter revenue that the vessels generate during that two-year period.
We believe we possess a number of competitive strengths that provide us with a strong position within the industry:
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We believe we can optimize return on our investments and maximize shareholder value through our strategy.
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predictable cash flows. Our time charter agreements may include profit sharing components which will give us the benefit of increased earnings in high charter rate environments.
We own our vessels through separate wholly-owned subsidiaries incorporated in the Marshall Islands. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, TOP Tanker Management, will act as manager for our combined fleet, providing services such as managing day-to-day vessel operations including supervising the crewing, supplying, maintaining and drydocking of vessels, as well as providing commercial management services regarding identifying suitable vessel charter opportunities and monitoring the performance of our third-party technical management subcontractors.
TOP Tankers Inc. (formerly Ocean Holdings, Inc.) was incorporated under the laws of the Marshall Islands in 2000. We maintain our principal executive offices at 109-111 Messogion Avenue, Politia Centre, Athens 115 26 Greece. Our telephone number at that address is (011) (30) (210) 69 30 288.
While we cannot assure you that we will continue to do so, and subject to the limitations discussed below, we currently intend to pay regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis, beginning with a dividend of $0.21 per share in January 2005. Declaration and payment of any dividend is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. The timing and amount of dividend payments will be dependent upon our earnings, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, restrictions in our loan agreements, the provisions of Marshall Islands law affecting the payment of distributions to shareholders and other factors. Because we are a holding company with no material assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries, our ability to pay dividends will depend on the earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to us. Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the payment of dividends other than from surplus or while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent.
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Common stock offered by us | 12,258,570 shares | |
Common stock sold directly to Sovereign Holdings concurrently with this offering | 20,000 shares(1) | |
Common stock offered by a selling shareholder | 1,071,430 shares | |
Underwriters' over-allotment option | 1,999,500 shares | |
Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering | 18,278,570 shares(2) | |
Use of proceeds | We expect to use approximately $118.9 million of the net proceeds of this offering to acquire tankers and approximately $5.1 million for working capital and general corporate purposes. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling shareholder. See "Use of Proceeds." | |
Nasdaq National Market listing | Our common stock has been approved for listing on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "TOPT." |
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Summary Consolidated Financial and Other Data
The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial data and other operating data of TOP Tankers Inc. The summary financial data in the table for the three years ended December 31, 2003 are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of TOP Tankers Inc. The financial data for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 are derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information included herein.
| Year Ended December 31, | Three Month Period Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | |||||||||||
INCOME STATEMENT DATA | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Voyage Revenues | $ | 13,344 | $ | 11,426 | $ | 23,085 | $ | 5,361 | $ | 7,728 | ||||||
Voyage Expenses | 4,413 | 3,311 | 5,937 | 1,534 | 1,651 | |||||||||||
Vessel operating expenses | 3,345 | 4,553 | 8,420 | 1,905 | 2,455 | |||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 455 | 816 | 1,815 | 387 | 663 | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,337 | 2,390 | 4,203 | 776 | 1,378 | |||||||||||
Total operating expenses(1) | 9,550 | 11,070 | 20,375 | 4,602 | 6,147 | |||||||||||
Operating income | 3,794 | 356 | 2,710 | 759 | 1,581 | |||||||||||
Net interest expense | 749 | 987 | 1,335 | 213 | 414 | |||||||||||
Other income (expense), net | (1,271 | ) | 894 | 364 | — | 60 | ||||||||||
Foreign currency gains (losses), net | 3 | (62 | ) | (105 | ) | (1 | ) | 17 | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,777 | $ | 201 | $ | 1,634 | $ | 545 | $ | 1,244 | ||||||
Basic and fully diluted earnings per share(2) | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.27 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.21 | ||||||
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding(2) | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||||||
Dividends per share(2) | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.39 | ||||||
BALANCE SHEET DATA, at end of period | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 1,746 | $ | 94 | $ | 2,343 | $ | 506 | ||||||||
Current assets, including cash | 2,778 | 845 | 4,862 | 4,351 | ||||||||||||
Total assets | 18,709 | 33,649 | 55,911 | 130,296 | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities, including current portion of long-term debt | 3,523 | 4,427 | 9,066 | 17,869 | ||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 2,000 | 2,600 | 4,085 | 13,385 | ||||||||||||
Total long-term debt, including current portion | 10,050 | 23,050 | 34,611 | 93,490 | ||||||||||||
Shareholders' equity | 7,136 | 8,772 | 16,319 | 32,322 | ||||||||||||
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
EBITDA(3) | $ | 3,863 | $ | 3,578 | $ | 7,172 | $ | 1,534 | $ | 3,036 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 5,201 | 2,409 | 4,930 | 464 | 817 | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (431 | ) | (18,296 | ) | (20,001 | ) | (16,591 | ) | (75,962 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (3,600 | ) | 14,235 | 17,320 | 16,417 | 73,308 | ||||||||||
Capital expenditures | ||||||||||||||||
Vessel (purchases) | — | (18,547 | ) | (19,550 | ) | (16,875 | ) | (75,846 | ) | |||||||
Drydocking costs | — | (510 | ) | (2,414 | ) | — | — | |||||||||
Weighted average long-term debt, including current portion | 11,251 | 22,997 | 32,991 | 26,986 | 39,892 | |||||||||||
FLEET DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Total number of vessels at end of period | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | |||||||||||
Average number of vessels(4) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 5.2 | |||||||||||
Total voyage days for fleet(5) | 730 | 961 | 1,517 | 302 | 469 | |||||||||||
Total time charter days for fleet | — | 160 | 543 | 90 | 225 | |||||||||||
Total spot market days for fleet | 730 | 801 | 974 | 212 | 244 | |||||||||||
Total calendar days for fleet(6) | 730 | 1,042 | 1,609 | 304 | 473 | |||||||||||
Fleet utilization(7) | 100.0 | % | 92.2 | % | 94.3 | % | 99.3 | % | 99.2 | % | ||||||
AVERAGE DAILY RESULTS | ||||||||||||||||
Time charter equivalent(8) | $ | 12,234 | $ | 8,444 | $ | 11,304 | $ | 12,672 | $ | 12,957 | ||||||
Vessel operating expenses(9) | 4,582 | 4,369 | 5,233 | 6,266 | 5,190 | |||||||||||
General and administrative expenses(10) | 623 | 783 | 1,128 | 1,273 | 1,402 | |||||||||||
Total vessel operating expenses(11) | 5,205 | 5,152 | 6,361 | 7,539 | 6,592 |
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The following table reconciles net cash from operating activities, as reflected in the consolidated statements of cash flows, to EBITDA:
| December 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net Cash from Operating Activities | $ | 5,201 | $ | 2,409 | $ | 4,930 | $ | 464 | $ | 817 | |||||||
Net increase (decrease) in current assets | (569 | ) | 214 | 1,768 | 2,516 | 1,326 | |||||||||||
Net (increase) decrease in current liabilities, excluding current portion of long-term debt | (199 | ) | (381 | ) | (3,154 | ) | (1,651 | ) | 497 | ||||||||
Payments for dry-docking costs | — | 510 | 2,414 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Write-off of a related party receivable | (1,288 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Net interest expense | 749 | 987 | 1,335 | 213 | 414 | ||||||||||||
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs | (31 | ) | (161 | ) | (121 | ) | (8 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||
EBITDA | $ | 3,863 | $ | 3,578 | $ | 7,172 | $ | 1,534 | $ | 3,036 | |||||||
| Year ended December 31, | Three month period ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Voyage revenues | $ | 13,344 | $ | 11,426 | $ | 23,085 | $ | 5,361 | $ | 7,728 | |||||||
Less: | |||||||||||||||||
Voyage expenses | (4,413 | ) | (3,311 | ) | (5,937 | ) | (1,534 | ) | (1,651 | ) | |||||||
Time charter equivalent revenue | $ | 8,931 | $ | 8,115 | $ | 17,148 | $ | 3,827 | $ | 6,077 | |||||||
Total voyage days | 730 | 961 | 1,517 | 302 | 469 | ||||||||||||
Average Daily Time Charter Equivalent | $ | 12,234 | $ | 8,444 | $ | 11,304 | $ | 12,672 | $ | 12,957 |
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You should consider carefully the following factors, as well as the other information set forth in this prospectus, before making an investment in our common stock. Some of the following risks relate principally to the industry in which we operate and our business in general. Other risks relate principally to the securities market and ownership of our stock. Any of the risk factors could significantly and negatively affect our business, financial condition or operating results and the trading price of our stock. You could lose all or part of your investment.
Industry Specific Risk Factors
The cyclical nature of the tanker industry may lead to volatile changes in charter rates and vessel values, which may adversely affect our earnings
If the tanker market, which has been cyclical, is depressed in the future when our vessels' charters expire or when we want to sell a vessel, our earnings and available cash flow may decrease. Our ability to recharter our vessels on the expiration or termination of their current charters and the charter rates payable under any renewal or replacement charters will depend upon, among other things, economic conditions in the tanker market. Fluctuations in charter rates and vessel values result from changes in the supply and demand for tanker capacity and changes in the supply and demand for oil and oil products.
The factors affecting the supply and demand for tanker vessels are outside of our control, and the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions are unpredictable. The factors that influence demand for tanker capacity include:
The factors that influence the supply of tanker capacity include:
If we violate environmental laws or regulations, the resulting liability may adversely affect our earnings and financial condition
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation designed to promote tanker safety, prevent oil spills and generally protect the environment. Local, national and foreign laws, as well as international treaties and conventions, can subject us to material liabilities in the event that there is a release of petroleum or other hazardous substances from our vessels.
For example, the United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, provides that owners, operators and bareboat charterers are strictly liable for the discharge of oil in U.S. waters, including the 200 nautical mile zone off the U.S. coasts. OPA provides for unlimited liability in some circumstances, such as a vessel operator's gross negligence or willful misconduct. However, in most cases OPA limits liability to the greater of $1,200 per gross ton or $10 million per vessel. OPA also permits states to set
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their own penalty limits. Most states bordering navigable waterways impose unlimited liability for discharges of oil in their waters.
The International Maritime Organization, or IMO, has adopted a similar liability scheme that imposes strict liability for oil spills, subject to limits that do not apply if the release is caused by the vessel owner's intentional or reckless conduct.
U.S. law, the law in many of the nations in which we operate, and international treaties and conventions that impact our operations also establish strict rules governing vessel safety and structure, training, inspections, financial assurance for potential cleanup liability and other matters. These requirements can limit our ability to operate, and substantially increase our operating costs. The U.S. has established strict deadlines for phasing-out single-hull oil tankers, and both the IMO and the European Union have proposed similar phase-out periods. Under OPA, all oil tankers that do not have double hulls will be phased out by 2015 and will not be permitted to come to United States ports or trade in United States waters. Our 3 Handysize tankers, or 8% by dwt of our combined fleet, will be prohibited from carrying crude oil and oil products in U.S. waters by January 1, 2010.
In December 2003, the IMO adopted a proposed amendment to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships to accelerate the phase out of single-hull tankers from 2015 to 2010 unless the relevant flag states extend the date to 2015. This proposed amendment will take effect in April 2005 unless objected to by a sufficient number of states. We do not know whether any of our vessels will be subject to this accelerated phase-out. This accelerated phase out, if adopted, could result in our 3 single-hull vessels being unable to carry crude oil and oil products in many markets after 2010. Moreover, the IMO or other regulatory bodies may adopt further regulations in the future that could adversely affect the useful lives of our tankers as well as our inability to generate income from them.
These requirements can affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. As a result of accidents such as the recent oil spill relating to the loss of the m.t.Prestige, a 26-year old single-hull tanker, we believe that regulation of the tanker industry will continue to become more stringent and more expensive for us and our competitors. Substantial violations of applicable requirements or a catastrophic release from one of our vessels could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations as well as our reputation in the crude oil and refined petroleum products sectors.
Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings
The fair market value of our tankers may increase and decrease depending on the following factors:
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If we sell tankers at a time when tanker prices have fallen, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount on our financial statements, with the result that we shall incur a loss and a reduction in earnings.
Company Specific Risk Factors
If we cannot complete the purchase of the Identified Tankers, we may use the proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes that you may not agree with
If we do not purchase some or all of the Identified Tankers, our management will have the discretion to apply the proceeds of this offering to acquire other vessels or for general corporate purposes that you may not agree with. Although we have entered into agreements to purchase 10 double-hull tankers in part with a portion of the net proceeds of this offering, it is possible that the sellers could breach the contracts or otherwise be unable to deliver some or all of the vessels. We do not expect to close the purchase of any of these tankers before the closing of this offering. We will not escrow the proceeds from this offering and will not return the proceeds to you if we do not purchase these vessels. It may take a substantial period of time before we can locate and purchase other suitable vessels. During this period, the portion of the proceeds of this offering originally planned for the acquisition of these 10 tankers will not be invested in newly-acquired vessels.
No assurance of dividends
While we cannot assure you that we will continue to do so, and subject to the limitations discussed below, we currently intend to pay regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis, beginning with a dividend of $0.21 per share in January 2005. We may incur other expenses or liabilities that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution as dividends. Our loan agreements may also prohibit our declaration and payment of dividends under some circumstances.
If we are not successful in acquiring the Identified Tankers, any unused net proceeds may be used for other corporate purposes or held pending investment in other vessels. Identifying and acquiring other vessels may take significant time. The result may be that proceeds of this offering are not invested in new vessels, or are so invested but only after some delay. In either case, we will not be able to earn charterhire consistent with our current anticipations, and our profitability and our ability to pay dividends will be affected.
In addition, the declaration and payment of dividends will be subject at all times to the discretion of our board. The timing and amount of dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, restrictions in our loan agreements, the provisions of Marshall Islands law affecting the payment of dividends and other factors. Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the payment of dividends other than from surplus or while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent. There can be no assurance that dividends will be paid in the anticipated amounts and frequency set forth in this prospectus.
If we fail to manage our planned growth properly, we may not be able to successfully expand our market share
With the acquisition of the 10 Identified Tankers, we will more than double the size of our fleet. This will impose significant additional responsibilities on our management and staff and may, if we assume technical management of the fleet from Unicom and V.Ships Management Limited, necessitate that we increase the number of our personnel. We will also have to increase our customer base to provide continued employment for the Identified Tankers.
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We intend to continue to grow our fleet after acquiring the Identified Tankers. Our growth will depend on:
Growing any business by acquisition presents numerous risks such as undisclosed liabilities and obligations, difficulty in obtaining additional qualified personnel, managing relationships with customers and suppliers and integrating newly acquired operations into existing infrastructures. We cannot give any assurance that we will be successful in executing our growth plans or that we will not incur significant expenses and losses in connection therewith.
A decline in the market value of our vessels could lead to a default under our loan agreements and the loss of our vessels
If the market value of our fleet declines, we may not be able to refinance our debt or obtain additional financing. Also, declining vessel values could cause us to breach some of the covenants under the financing agreements relating to our indebtedness. If we are unable to pledge additional collateral, our lenders could accelerate our debt and foreclose on our fleet.
Servicing future debt would limit funds available for other purposes such as the payment of dividends
To finance our fleet expansion program, we incurred secured indebtedness. We must dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to pay the principal and interest on our indebtedness. These payments limit funds otherwise available for working capital, capital expenditures and other purposes. As of December 31, 2003, we had total indebtedness of $34.6 million and a ratio of indebtedness to total capital of 67%. Following this offering and the acquisition of the Identified Tankers, we expect to have total indebtedness of $223.7 million, and a ratio of indebtedness to total capital of approximately 59%. We will need to take on additional indebtedness as we expand our fleet, which could increase our ratio of debt to equity. The need to service our debt may limit funds available for other purposes, including distributing cash to our shareholders, and our inability to service debt could lead to acceleration of our debt and foreclosure on our fleet.
Our loan agreements contain restrictive covenants that may limit our liquidity and corporate activities
Our loan agreements impose operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions may limit our ability to:
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Therefore, we may need to seek permission from our lenders in order to engage in some corporate actions. Our lenders' interests may be different from ours, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed. This may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interest.
Our loan agreements may prohibit or impose certain conditions on the payment of dividends
We have accepted our lender's offer letter to provide, subject to certain preconditions, a new senior secured credit facility to partially finance the acquisition of the Identified Tankers and to refinance all of our existing indebtedness, other than the debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels, either simultaneously with or after the closing of this offering. We cannot, however, guarantee that we will successfully refinance our debt. The terms of the new credit facility contain a number of financial covenants and general covenants that will require us to, among other things, maintain minimum vessel values; a minimum cash balance on deposit with the lender; minimum working capital and adequate insurance. We will not be permitted to pay dividends under the new credit facility if we are in default of any of these loan covenants or if we do not meet a specified debt coverage ratio. Furthermore, if we are not successful in refinancing our debt, some of our current loan agreements prohibit the payment of dividends without the consent of the lenders.
We depend on third party managers to manage our fleet
We intend to subcontract the technical management of our fleet, including crewing, maintenance and repair, to third party managers. While our wholly owned subsidiary, TOP Tanker Management, Inc., will have direct oversight responsibility for these third party managers, the loss of their services or their failure to perform their obligations could materially and adversely affect the results of our operations. Although we may have rights against these managers if they default on their obligations, you will have no recourse against these parties. Further, we expect that we will need to seek approval from our lenders to change these third party managers.
We are a holding company, and we depend on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us in order to satisfy our financial obligations or to make dividend payments
We are a holding company and our subsidiaries conduct all of our operations and own all of our operating assets. We have no significant assets other than the equity interests in our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make dividend payments depends on our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds to us. If we are unable to obtain funds from our subsidiaries our Board of Directors may exercise its discretion not to pay dividends or we will need to obtain funds from other sources to pay dividends. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain the necessary funds from other sources to pay dividends.
Our ability to obtain additional debt financing may be dependent on the performance of our then existing charters and the creditworthiness of our charterers
The actual or perceived credit quality of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability to obtain the additional capital resources that we will require to purchase additional vessels or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such capital. Our inability to obtain
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additional financing at all or at a higher than anticipated cost may materially affect our results of operation and our ability to implement our business strategy.
As we expand our business, we will need to improve our operations and financial systems, staff and crew; if we cannot improve these systems or recruit suitable employees, our performance may be adversely affected
Our current operating and financial systems may not be adequate as we implement our plan to expand the size of our fleet, and our attempts to improve those systems may be ineffective. In addition, as we expand our fleet, we will need to recruit suitable additional seafarers and shoreside administrative and management personnel. While we have not experienced any difficulty in recruiting to date, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to continue to hire suitable employees as we expand our fleet. If our crewing agent encounters business or financial difficulties, we may not be able to adequately staff our vessels. If we are unable to operate our financial and operations systems effectively or to recruit suitable employees as we expand our fleet, our performance may be adversely affected.
Our earnings may be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our tankers
We seek to deploy our tankers both on time charters and in the spot market in a manner that will optimize our earnings. Upon the acquisition of the Identified Tankers, all 10 of our Handymax tankers will be employed under two-year time charter contracts, expiring in 2006, that include profit sharing arrangements. Although these time charters provide relatively steady streams of revenue as well as a portion of the revenues generated by the charterer's deployment of the vessels in the spot market or otherwise, our tankers committed to time charters may not be available for spot voyages during an upturn in the tanker industry cycle, when spot voyages might be more profitable. The spot market is highly competitive, and spot market charter rates may fluctuate dramatically based on tanker, oil and oil products supply and demand and other factors. We cannot assure you that future spot market voyage charters will be available at rates that will allow us to operate our tankers profitably. As of the completion of this offering, the 2 Suezmax tankers that we are acquiring and the 2 Suezmax and 3 Handysize tankers in our current fleet will be available either for entry into new time charters or trading in the spot market. If we cannot employ these tankers on time charters or trade them in the spot market profitably, our results of operations and operating cash flow may suffer.
In the highly competitive international tanker market, we may not be able to compete for charters with new entrants or established companies with greater resources
We employ our vessels in a highly competitive market that is capital intensive and highly fragmented. Competition arises primarily from other vessel owners, including major oil companies as well as independent tanker companies, some of whom have substantially greater resources than we do. Competition for the transportation of oil and oil products can be intense and depends on price, location, size, age, condition and the acceptability of the vessel and its operators to the charterers. Due in part to the highly fragmented market, competitors with greater resources could enter and operate larger fleets through consolidations or acquisitions that may be able to offer better prices and fleets.
We depend upon a few significant customers for a large part of our revenues. The loss of one or more of these customers could adversely affect our financial performance
We have historically derived a significant part of our revenue from a small number of charterers. During 2003, approximately 47% of our revenue was derived from 2 charterers and, in 2002, approximately 65% of our revenue was derived from 3 charterers. Under a number of spot charters and 2 time charter contracts with Vitol and Petrobras, these companies provided 31% and 16% of our revenues in 2003, respectively. The occurrence of any problems with these charterers may adversely affect our revenues.
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We may be unable to attract and retain key management personnel and other employees in the tanker industry, which may negatively affect the effectiveness of our management and our results of operations
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the abilities and efforts of our management team. We intend to enter into employment contracts with our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, Evangelos Pistiolis and our Chief Financial Officer and Director, Stamatios Tsantanis. Our success will depend upon our ability to hire and retain key members of our management team. The loss of any of these individuals could adversely affect our business prospects and financial condition. Difficulty in hiring and retaining personnel could adversely affect our results of operations. We do not intend to maintain "key man" life insurance on any of our officers.
Risks involved with operating ocean going vessels could affect our business and reputation, which would adversely affect our revenues and stock price
The operation of an ocean-going vessel carries inherent risks. These risks include the possibility of:
Any of these circumstances or events could increase our costs or lower our revenues. The involvement of our vessels in an oil spill or other environmental disaster may harm our reputation as a safe and reliable tanker operator.
Our vessels may suffer damage and we may face unexpected drydocking costs, which could affect our cash flow and financial condition
If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility. The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial. We may have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover. The loss of earnings while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, would decrease our earnings.
Purchasing and operating previously owned, or secondhand, vessels may result in increased operating costs and vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings
While we inspect previously owned, or secondhand, vessels prior to purchase, this does not normally provide us with the same knowledge about their condition and cost of any required (or anticipated) repairs that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us. Also, we do not receive the benefit of warranties from the builders if the vessels we buy are older than one year.
In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel. As of March 31, 2004, all of the vessels in our initial fleet were more than 10 years of age. Older vessels are typically less fuel efficient and more costly to maintain than more recently constructed vessels due to improvements in engine technology. Cargo insurance rates increase with the age of a vessel, making older vessels less desirable to charterers.
Governmental regulations, safety or other equipment standards related to the age of vessels may require expenditures for alterations, or the addition of new equipment, to our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which the vessels may engage. We cannot assure you that, as our tankers age,
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market conditions will justify those expenditures or enable us to operate our tankers profitably during the remainder of their useful lives. If we sell vessels, we are not certain that the price for which we sell them will equal at least their carrying amount at that time.
We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if we lose our tankers
We procure insurance for our fleet against those types of risks commonly insured against by tanker owners and operators. These insurances include hull and machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, which includes environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, war risk insurance and insurance against loss of hire, which covers business interruptions that result in the loss of use of a vessel. We are in negotiations to purchase loss of hire insurance that would cover, subject to annual coverage limits, all of the vessels in our combined fleet, but we cannot guarantee that we will be successful in obtaining this insurance, or that such insurance will cover all of our vessels. We can give no assurance that we are adequately insured against all risks. We may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates for our fleet in the future. The insurers may not pay particular claims. Our insurance policies contain deductibles for which we will be responsible, limitations and exclusions which, although we believe are standard in the shipping industry, may nevertheless increase our costs or lower our revenue.
Our operations outside the United States expose us to global risks that may interfere with the operation of our vessels
We are an international company and primarily conduct our operations outside the United States. Changing economic, political and governmental conditions in the countries where we are engaged in business or where our vessels are registered affect us. In the past, political conflicts, particularly in the Arabian Gulf, resulted in attacks on tankers, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt shipping in the area. For example, in October 2002, the VLCCLimburg was attacked by terrorists in Yemen. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected vessels trading in regions such as the South China Sea. Following the terrorist attack in New York City on September 11, 2001, and the military response of the United States, the likelihood of future acts of terrorism may increase, and our vessels may face higher risks of being attacked in the Middle East region. In addition, future hostilities or other political instability in regions where our vessels trade could affect our trade patterns and adversely affect our operations and performance.
Maritime claimants could arrest our tankers, which could interrupt our cash flow
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against that vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a maritime lienholder may enforce its lien by arresting a vessel through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our tankers could interrupt our cash flow and require us to pay large sums of money to have the arrest lifted.
In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could try to assert "sister ship" liability against one vessel in our fleet for claims relating to another of our ships.
Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings
A government could requisition for title or seize our vessels. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes her owner. Also, a government could requisition our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes her charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels would negatively impact our revenues.
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Existing stockholders, who will hold approximately 27.1% of our common stock after this offering, can exert considerable control over us, which may limit your ability to influence our actions
Existing stockholders, including Sovereign Holdings Inc., or Sovereign Holdings, a company that is wholly owned by our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, Evangelos J. Pistiolis, and Kingdom Holdings Inc., or Kingdom Holdings, a company owned primarily by another member of the Pistiolis family and to a limited extent by a third party, will own, directly or indirectly, approximately 27.1% of the outstanding shares of our common stock after this offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. While the existing shareholders have no agreement, arrangement or understanding relating to the voting of their shares of common stock following the completion of this offering, they will have the power to exert considerable influence over our actions.
We may have to pay tax on United States source income, which would reduce our earnings
Under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or the Code, 50% of the gross shipping income of a vessel owning or chartering corporation, such as ourselves and our subsidiaries, that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not begin and end, in the United States may be subject to a 4% United States federal income tax without allowance for deduction, unless that corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under Section 883 of the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations recently promulgated thereunder.
Both before and after this offering, we expect that we and each of our subsidiaries will qualify for this statutory tax exemption and we will take this position for United States federal income tax return reporting purposes. However, there are factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause us to lose the benefit of this tax exemption after this offering and thereby become subject to United States federal income tax on our United States source income. For example, after this offering, we expect that Sovereign Holdings and Kingdom Holdings will own as much as 27.1% of our outstanding stock. There is therefore a risk that we could no longer qualify for exemption under Code Section 883 for a particular taxable year if other shareholders with a five percent or greater interest in our stock were, in combination with Sovereign Holdings and Kingdom Holdings, to own 50% or more of the outstanding shares of our stock on more than half the days during the taxable year. Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, we can give no assurances on our tax-exempt status or that of any of our subsidiaries.
If we or our subsidiaries are not entitled to this exemption under Section 883 for any taxable year, we or our subsidiaries could be subject for those years to an effective 2% United States federal income tax on the shipping income these companies derive during the year that is attributable to the transport of cargoes to or from the United States. The imposition of this taxation would have a negative effect on our business and would result in decreased earnings available for distribution to our shareholders.
If United States tax authorities were to treat us as a "Passive Foreign Investment Company," that could have adverse consequences on U.S. holders
A foreign corporation will be treated as a "passive foreign investment company" for United States federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of "passive income," or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation's assets produce, or are held for the production of, such types of "passive income." For purposes of these tests, "passive income" includes dividends, interest and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of trade or business. For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute "passive income." Those shareholders of a passive foreign investment company who are citizens or residents of the United States or domestic entities would be subject to an adverse United States federal income tax regime with
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respect to the income derived by the passive foreign investment company, the distributions they receive from the passive foreign investment company and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their shares in the passive foreign investment company.
Based on our operations as of the closing of this offering, we do not believe that we are, nor do we expect to become, a passive foreign investment company with respect to any taxable year. Since we expect to derive substantially all of our income each year from the time chartering and voyage chartering activities of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, we believe that such income will be treated for relevant United States federal income tax purposes as services income, rather than rental income. Correspondingly, such income should not constitute "passive income," and the assets that we or our wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of that income, in particular our vessels, should not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we are a passive foreign investment company in any taxable year. However, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service will accept this position or that we would not constitute a passive foreign investment company for any future taxable year if there were to be changes in the nature and extent of our operations. We are advised by our U.S. counsel, Seward & Kissel LLP, that they are unable to opine that we are not a passive foreign investment company.
Because we generate all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but incur a significant portion of our expenses in other currencies, exchange rate fluctuations could hurt our results of operations
We generate all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but incur approximately 22% of our expenses in currencies other than U.S. dollars. This difference could lead to fluctuations in net income due to changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the other currencies, in particular the Euro. Expenses incurred in foreign currencies against which the U.S. dollar falls in value can increase, decreasing our revenues. For example, in the 12 months ended June 25, 2004, the value of the U.S. dollar declined by 4.77% as compared to the Euro. We do not hedge these risks. Our operating results could suffer as a result.
We are incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, which does not have a well-developed body of corporate law
Our corporate affairs are governed by our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws and by the Marshall Islands Business Corporations Act, or BCA. The provisions of the BCA resemble provisions of the corporation laws of a number of states in the United States. However, there have been few judicial cases in the Republic of the Marshall Islands interpreting the BCA. The rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under the law of the Republic of the Marshall Islands are not as clearly established as the rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under statutes or judicial precedent in existence in certain United States jurisdictions. Shareholder rights may differ as well. While the BCA does specifically incorporate the non-statutory law, or judicial case law, of the State of Delaware and other states with substantially similar legislative provisions, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by the management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction.
Offering Specific Risks
There is no guarantee that an active and liquid public market for you to resell shares of our common stock will develop
The price of our common stock after this offering may be volatile, and may fluctuate due to factors such as:
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The crude oil and refined petroleum products tanker industry has been highly unpredictable and volatile. The market for common stock in this industry may be equally volatile.
Shares Eligible for Future Sale
Upon consummation of our offering, Sovereign Holdings and Kingdom Holdings will own up to 4,948,570 shares, or approximately 27.1%, of our outstanding common stock, which shares may be resold subject to the volume, manner of sale and notice requirements of Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a result of their status as our "affiliates". Furthermore, shares held by Sovereign Holdings will be subject to the underwriters' 360 day lock-up agreement, while shares held by Kingdom Holdings and our officers, directors and certain other shareholders will be subject to the underwriters' 180-day lock-up agreements. We refer you to the discussion under the heading "Shares Eligible for Future Sale" in this prospectus. Sales or the possibility of sales of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock by Sovereign Holdings and Kingdom Holdings in the public markets could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
This prospectus includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as "forward-looking statements." We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material.
All statements in this document that are not statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, such matters as:
When used in this document, the words "anticipate," "estimate," "project," "forecast," "plan," "potential," "will," "may," "should," and "expect" reflect forward-looking statements.
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The net proceeds of this offering are approximately $124.0 million after deducting the underwriting discount and the estimated expenses related to this offering. We intend to use approximately $118.9 million of the net proceeds to acquire the Identified Tankers and approximately $5.1 million for working capital and general corporate purposes. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling shareholder. If we cannot complete the purchase of the Identified Tankers, we may use the proceeds of this offering to purchase other vessels or for general corporate purposes. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 8.
While we cannot assure you that we will continue to do so, and subject to the limitations discussed below, we currently intend to pay regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis, beginning with a dividend of $0.21 per share in January 2005.
Declaration and payment of any dividend is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. The timing and amount of dividend payments will be dependent upon our earnings, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, restrictions in our loan agreements, the provisions of Marshall Islands law affecting the payment of distributions to shareholders and other factors. Because we are a holding company with no material assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries, our ability to pay dividends will depend on the earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to us. Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the payment of dividends other than from surplus or while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent.
The following table sets forth our consolidated capitalization at March 31, 2004, on a historical basis and as adjusted to give effect to the issuance by the Company of 12,258,570 shares of common stock in this offering and 20,000 shares being offered concurrently to Sovereign Holdings Inc. at an offering price, in each case, of $11.00 per share; the acquisition of the Identified Tankers for $251.2 million, the incurrence of $222.0 million of long term debt to finance, in part, the acquisition of the Identified Tankers and to refinance the Company's outstanding long term debt. The information set forth in the table assumes no exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option. There have been no significant changes in our capitalization since March 31, 2004.
| At March 31, 2004 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actual | As Adjusted | |||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||
Debt: | |||||||
Current portion of long term debt | $ | 13,385 | $ | 16,938 | |||
Total long term debt, net of current portion | 80,105 | 206,750 | |||||
Total debt | 93,490 | 223,688 | |||||
Stockholders' equity: | |||||||
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 million shares authorized; 6,000,000 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 18,278,570 issued and outstanding, as adjusted | 60 | 183 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 30,428 | 154,529 | |||||
Retained earnings | 1,834 | 1,834 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 32,322 | 156,546 | |||||
Total capitalization | $ | 125,812 | $ | 380,234 | |||
In connection with this offering, we will enter into a proposed new senior secured credit facility which is expected to provide for borrowings of up to $222.0 million, all of which would have been drawn had the closing of this offering occurred on March 31, 2004. Of the amount drawn, we expect to use $132.3 million to finance the remaining portion of our obligation related to the acquisition of the 10 Identified Tankers. The remainder will be used to refinance all our existing senior secured debt, other than the existing debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels.
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At March 31, 2004, we had net tangible book value of $30.0 million, or $4.99 per share. After giving effect to the sale of 12,258,570 shares of common stock that we are offering, the 20,000 shares sold directly in a private transaction to Sovereign Holdings, both at a price equal to $11.00 per share and assuming that the underwriters' over-allotment option is not exercised, the pro forma net tangible book value at March 31, 2004, would have been $165.0 million or $9.03 per share. This represents an immediate appreciation in net tangible book value of $4.04 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of net tangible book value of $1.97 per share to new investors. The following table illustrates the pro forma per share dilution and appreciation at March 31, 2004:
Initial public offering price per share | $ | 11.00 | |
Net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2004 | $ | 4.99 | |
Increase in net tangible book value attributable to new investors in this offering | $ | 4.04 | |
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering | $ | 9.03 | |
Dilution per share to new investors | $ | 1.97 | |
Net tangible book value per share of common stock is determined by dividing our tangible net worth, which consists of tangible assets less liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding. Dilution is determined by subtracting the net tangible book value per share of common stock after this offering from the public offering price per share. Dilution per share to new investors would be $1.78 if the underwriters exercise in full their over-allotment option.
The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis at March 31, 2004, the differences between the number of shares of common stock acquired from us, the total amount paid and the average price per share paid by the existing holders of shares of common stock and by you in this offering, based upon the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share.
| Pro Forma Shares Outstanding | | | | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Consideration | | |||||||||||
| Average Price Per Share | ||||||||||||
| Number | Percent | Amount | Percent | |||||||||
Existing stockholders | 6,000,000 | 31.2 | % | $ | 30,488,000 | 18.4 | % | $ | 5.08 | ||||
New investors | 12,278,570 | 68.8 | % | $ | 135,064,270 | 81.6 | % | $ | 11.00 | ||||
Total | 18,278,570 | 100.0 | % | $ | 165,552,270 | 100.0 | % | $ | 9.06 | ||||
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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial data and other operating data of TOP Tankers Inc. The selected financial data in the table for the three years ended December 31, 2003 are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of TOP Tankers Inc. We have not included financial information for the year ended December 31, 2000, our first year in operation, due to the undue burden and financial hardship of preparing such information. The financial data for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 are derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, which TOP Tankers Inc. considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and the results of operations for these periods. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year ending December 31, 2004. The following information should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our consolidated financial statements, and related notes thereto.
| Year Ended December 31, | Three Month Period Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
INCOME STATEMENT DATA | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Voyage Revenues | $ | 13,344 | $ | 11,426 | $ | 23,085 | $ | 5,361 | $ | 7,728 | |||||||
Voyage Expenses | 4,413 | 3,311 | 5,937 | 1,534 | 1,651 | ||||||||||||
Vessel operating expenses | 3,345 | 4,553 | 8,420 | 1,905 | 2,455 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 455 | 816 | 1,815 | 387 | 663 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,337 | 2,390 | 4,203 | 776 | 1,378 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses(1) | 9,550 | 11,070 | 20,375 | 4,602 | 6,147 | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 3,794 | 356 | 2,710 | 759 | 1,581 | ||||||||||||
Net interest expense | 749 | 987 | 1,335 | 213 | 414 | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense), net | (1,271 | ) | 894 | 364 | — | 60 | |||||||||||
Foreign currency gains (losses), net | 3 | (62 | ) | (105 | ) | (1 | ) | 17 | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,777 | $ | 201 | $ | 1,634 | $ | 545 | $ | 1,244 | |||||||
Basic and fully diluted earnings per share(2) | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.27 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.21 | |||||||
Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding(2) | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | ||||||||||||
Dividends per share(2) | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.39 | |||||||
BALANCE SHEET DATA, at end of period | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 1,746 | $ | 94 | $ | 2,343 | $ | 506 | |||||||||
Current assets, including cash | 2,778 | 845 | 4,862 | 4,351 | |||||||||||||
Total assets | 18,709 | 33,649 | 55,911 | 130,296 | |||||||||||||
Current liabilities, including current portion of long-term debt | 3,523 | 4,427 | 9,066 | 17,869 | |||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 2,000 | 2,600 | 4,085 | 13,385 | |||||||||||||
Total long-term debt, including current portion | 10,050 | 23,050 | 34,611 | 93,490 | |||||||||||||
Shareholders' equity | 7,136 | 8,772 | 16,319 | 32,322 | |||||||||||||
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OTHER FINANCIAL DATA | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
EBITDA(3) | $ | 3,863 | $ | 3,578 | $ | 7,172 | $ | 1,534 | $ | 3,036 | |||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 5,201 | 2,409 | 4,930 | 464 | 817 | ||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (431 | ) | (18,296 | ) | (20,001 | ) | (16,951 | ) | (75,962 | ) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (3,600 | ) | 14,235 | 17,320 | 16,417 | 73,308 | |||||||||||
Capital expenditures | |||||||||||||||||
Vessel (purchases) | — | (18,547 | ) | (19,550 | ) | (16,875 | ) | (75,846 | ) | ||||||||
Drydocking costs | — | (510 | ) | (2,414 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
Weighted average long-term debt, including current portion | 11,251 | 22,997 | 32,991 | 26,986 | 39,892 | ||||||||||||
FLEET DATA | |||||||||||||||||
Total number of vessels at end of period | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | ||||||||||||
Average number of vessels(4) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 5.2 | ||||||||||||
Total voyage days for fleet(5) | 730 | 961 | 1,517 | 302 | 469 | ||||||||||||
Total time charter days for fleet | — | 160 | 543 | 90 | 225 | ||||||||||||
Total spot market days for fleet | 730 | 801 | 974 | 212 | 244 | ||||||||||||
Total calendar days for fleet(6) | 730 | 1,042 | 1,609 | 304 | 473 | ||||||||||||
Fleet utilization(7) | 100.0 | % | 92.2 | % | 94.3 | % | 99.3 | % | 99.2 | % | |||||||
AVERAGE DAILY RESULTS | |||||||||||||||||
Time charter equivalent(8) | $ | 12,234 | $ | 8,444 | $ | 11,304 | $ | 12,672 | $ | 12,957 | |||||||
Vessel operating expenses(9) | 4,582 | 4,369 | 5,233 | 6,266 | 5,190 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses(10) | 623 | 783 | 1,128 | 1,273 | 1,402 | ||||||||||||
Total vessel operating expenses(11) | 5,205 | 5,152 | 6,361 | 7,539 | 6,592 |
The following table reconciles net cash from operating activities, as reflected in the consolidated statements of cash flows, to EBITDA:
| December 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net Cash from Operating Activities | $ | 5,201 | $ | 2,409 | $ | 4,930 | $ | 464 | $ | 817 | |||||||
Net increase (decrease) in current assets | (569 | ) | 214 | 1,768 | 2,516 | 1,326 | |||||||||||
Net (increase) decrease in current liabilities, excluding current portion of long-term debt | (199 | ) | (381 | ) | (3,154 | ) | (1,651 | ) | 497 | ||||||||
Payments for dry-docking costs | — | 510 | 2,414 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Write-off of a related party receivable | (1,288 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Net interest expense | 749 | 987 | 1,335 | 213 | 414 | ||||||||||||
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs included in net interest expense | (31 | ) | (161 | ) | (121 | ) | (8 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||
EBITDA | $ | 3,863 | $ | 3,578 | $ | 7,172 | $ | 1,534 | $ | 3,036 | |||||||
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| Year ended December 31, | Three month period ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Voyage revenues | $ | 13,344 | $ | 11,426 | $ | 23,085 | $ | 5,361 | $ | 7,728 | |||||||
Less: | |||||||||||||||||
Voyage expenses | (4,413 | ) | (3,311 | ) | (5,937 | ) | (1,534 | ) | (1,651 | ) | |||||||
Time charter equivalent revenue | $ | 8,931 | $ | 8,115 | $ | 17,148 | $ | 3,827 | $ | 6,077 | |||||||
Total voyage days | 730 | 961 | 1,517 | 302 | 469 | ||||||||||||
Average Daily Time Charter Equivalent | $ | 12,234 | $ | 8,444 | $ | 11,304 | $ | 12,672 | $ | 12,957 |
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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is a discussion of our financial condition and results of operations for: the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. You should read this section together with the consolidated financial statements including the notes to those financial statements for the periods mentioned above.
We are a provider of international seaborne transportation services, carrying refined petroleum products and crude oil. As of March 31, 2004, our fleet consisted of 7 tankers, comprised of 2 Suezmax tankers, 2 Handymax product tankers and 3 Handysize product tankers, with a total cargo carrying capacity of 454,090 deadweight tons, or dwt. We have entered into agreements to acquire 10 additional tankers, consisting of 2 Suezmax and 8 Handymax product tankers, which are expected to be integrated into our operations during the third quarter of 2004. On a combined basis, after giving effect to the acquisitions described above, our combined fleet will be comprised of 17 tankers including: 4 Suezmax, 10 Handymax product tankers and 3 Handysize product tankers with a total cargo carrying capacity of 1.1 million dwt.
We actively manage the deployment of our fleet between spot market voyage charters, which generally last from several days to several weeks, and time charters, which can last up to several years. A spot market voyage charter is generally a contract to carry a specific cargo from a load port to a discharge port for an agreed upon total amount. Under spot market voyage charters, we pay voyage expenses such as port, canal and fuel costs. A time charter is generally a contract to charter a vessel for a fixed period of time at a specified daily rate. Under time charters, the charterer pays voyage expenses such as port, canal and fuel costs. Under both types of charters, we pay for vessel operating expenses, which include crew costs, provisions, deck and engine stores, lubricating oil, insurance, maintenance and repairs. We are also responsible for the vessel's intermediate and special survey costs.
Vessels operating on time charters provide more predictable cash flows, but can yield lower profit margins than vessels operating in the spot market during periods characterized by favorable market conditions. Vessels operating in the spot market generate revenues that are less predictable but may enable us to capture increased profit margins during periods of improvements in tanker rates although we are exposed to the risk of declining tanker rates, which may have a materially adverse impact on our financial performance. We are constantly evaluating opportunities to increase the number of our tankers deployed on time charters, but only expect to enter into additional time charters if we can obtain contract terms that satisfy our criteria.
For discussion and analysis purposes only, we evaluate performance using time charter equivalent, or TCE, revenues. TCE revenues are voyage revenues minus voyage expenses. Voyage expenses primarily consist of port, canal and fuel costs that are unique to a particular voyage, which would otherwise be paid by a charterer under a time charter, as well as commissions. We believe that presenting voyage revenues, net of voyage expenses, neutralizes the variability created by unique costs associated with particular voyages or the deployment of tankers on time charter or on the spot market and presents a more accurate representation of the revenues generated by our tankers.
Our voyage revenues and voyage expenses are recognized ratably over the duration of the voyages and the lives of the charters, while vessel operating expenses are recognized on the accrual basis. We calculate daily TCE rates by dividing TCE revenues by voyage days for the relevant time period. We also generate demurrage revenue, which represents fees charged to charterers associated with our spot market voyages when the charterer exceeds the agreed upon time required to load or discharge a cargo. We calculate daily direct vessel operating expenses and daily general and administrative expenses
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for the relevant period by dividing the total expenses by the aggregate number of calendar days that we owned each tanker for the period.
We depreciate our tankers on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives determined to be 25 years from the date of their initial delivery from the shipyard, with the exception of the Handysize product tankerM/T Tireless, the useful life of which is estimated to be 28 years, which coincides with the validity of her class certificate. Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual value. We capitalize the total costs associated with a drydocking and amortize these costs on a straight-line basis over the period when the next drydocking becomes due, which is typically 30 to 60 months. Regulations and/or incidents may change the estimated dates of next drydockings.
"Same Fleet" data consist of financial and operational data only from those tankers that were part of our fleet for both complete periods under comparison. Management believes that this presentation facilitates analysis of operational and financial performance of tankers after they have been completely integrated into our operations. Same Fleet data are provided for comparison of the periods for: the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. The tankers which comprise the Same Fleet for periods not directly compared are not necessarily the same. As a result, comparison of Same Fleet data provided for periods which are not directly compared in the table below will not yield meaningful results.
Three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2003
VOYAGE REVENUES—Voyage revenues increased by $2.3 million, or 44.2%, to $7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $5.4 million for the prior period. This increase is due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet, and the overall stronger spot market during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. The average number of tankers in our fleet increased 52.9% to 5.2 tankers (0.2 Suezmax, 5.0 product) compared to 3.4 product tankers, the average size of the tankers in our fleet grew 24.7% to 45,900 dwt from 36,800 dwt, while our average daily TCE rate increased 2.2% to $12,957 from $12,672 during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period respectively.
VOYAGE EXPENSES—Voyage expenses, which primarily consist of port, canal and fuel costs that are unique to a particular voyage which would otherwise be paid by the charterer under a time charter contract, as well as commissions, increased $0.1 million, or 7.6%, to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1.5 million for the prior period. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet that operated on the spot market during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period, as well as the increase in the cost of fuel to operate the tankers.
NET VOYAGE REVENUES—
| Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2004 | |||||
Voyage revenues | $ | 5,361 | $ | 7,728 | |||
Less Voyage expenses | (1,534 | ) | (1,651 | ) | |||
Net voyage revenues | $ | 3,827 | $ | 6,077 | |||
Net voyage revenues, which are voyage revenues minus voyage expenses, increased by $2.3 million, or 58.8%, to $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $3.8 million for the prior period. This increase is the result of the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet,
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the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet, and the overall stronger spot market during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. The average number of tankers in our fleet increased 52.9%, to 5.2 tankers (0.2 Suezmax, 5.0 product) compared to 3.4 product tankers, the average size of the tankers in our fleet grew 24.7% to 45,900 dwt from 36,800 dwt, while our average daily TCE rate increased 2.2%, to $12,957 from $12,672, for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared the prior period respectively. The total increase in our net voyage revenues of $2.3 million resulted from a increase of $0.2 million in our Same Fleet revenues, to $3.4 million from $3.2 million, as well as an increase of $0.7 million, to $1.3 million from $0.6 million, from the tanker that we acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2003, and $1.4 million from the three tankers that we acquired after March 31, 2003. Tankers that are not considered Same Fleet tankers are the tankers we acquired after December 31, 2002. During 2004, we acquired the SuezmaxM/T Limitless and the SuezmaxM/T Endless in March. During 2003, we acquired the product tanker
M/T Fearless in February and the product tankerM/T Tireless in June. Our fleet consisted of 7 tankers, 2 Suezmax, 2 Handymax product tankers and 3 Handysize product tankers, on March 31, 2004 and 4 tankers, 1 Handymax product tanker and 3 Handysize product tankers, on March 31, 2003.
On an overall fleet basis:
We are constantly evaluating opportunities to deploy our tankers on time charters, but only expect to enter into additional time charters if we can obtain contract terms that satisfy our criteria. In June 2004, we renegotiated the time charter contract associated with theM/T Fearless to conform to the terms of the time charter contract describe below, as the vessels will be chartered to the same charterer. The time charter contract associated with theM/T Faithful expired on June 18, 2004 as the charterer did not exercise its option to extend the contract for 30 days. The following table summarizes
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the portion of our fleet as of June 15, 2004 currently operating on time charter contracts or committed to operate on time charter contracts:
Vessel | Expiration | Average Daily Rate | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
M/T Victorious(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,500(3) | ||
M/T Sovereign(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,500(3) | ||
M/T Invincible(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,500(3) | ||
M/T Vanguard(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,500(3) | ||
M/T Faithful | July 2006 | $14,250(4) | ||
M/T Fearless | May 2006 | $14,250(4) | ||
M/T Restless(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,250(4) | ||
M/T Spotless(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,250(4) | ||
M/T Doubtless(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,250(4) | ||
M/T Relentless(1) | August 2006(2) | $14,250(4) |
Of our net voyage revenues of $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, $3.4 million was attributable to our Same Fleet. Same Fleet for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 consisted of 1 Handymax product tanker and 2 Handysize product tankers. Same Fleet net voyage revenues increased by $0.2 million, or 6.3%, to $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $3.2 million for the prior period. This increase is attributable to an increase in our average daily spot tanker rate during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the average daily spot rate during the prior period.
On a Same Fleet basis:
27
generated by time charter contracts and $2.1 million, or 65.6%, of net voyage revenue generated in the spot market during the prior period.
VESSEL OPERATING EXPENSES—Vessel operating expenses, which include crew costs, provisions, deck and engine stores, lubricating oil, insurance, maintenance and repairs, increased by $0.6 million, or 28.9%, to $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1.9 million for the prior period. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 52.9%, as well as the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet, which grew 24.7%, between the periods. Daily vessel operating expenses per tanker decreased by $1,076 or 17.1%, to $5,190 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $6,266 for the prior period. This decrease is the result of lower expenses associated with repairs and maintenance during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. Same Fleet vessel operating expenses decreased $0.2 million, or 12.5%, to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1.6 million for the prior period. This decrease is the result of lower expenses associated with repairs and maintenance during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. Daily Same Fleet vessel operating expenses per tanker decreased $671, or 11.5%, to $5,187 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $5,858 for the prior period. We anticipate that vessel operating expenses and daily vessel operating expenses will increase in 2004 as a result of our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers, consisting of 2 Suezmax tankers and 8 Handymax tankers, and their integration into our fleet. The increase in vessel operating expenses will be the result of the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet as a result of our acquisitions and proposed acquisitions of tankers. The increase in daily vessel operating expenses will be the result of the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet, since larger tankers are inherently more expensive to operate. Our vessel operating expenses depend on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control and affect the entire shipping industry.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES—General and administrative expenses, which are primarily the fees that Primal Tankers Inc. charged to manage our vessels, increased by $0.3 million, or 71.0%, to $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $0.4 million for the prior period. This increase is due to an increase in the management fee charged by Primal Tankers Inc. as a result of the increase in the payroll expenses including the increase in the number of its personnel arising from the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased by 52.9% during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. Daily general and administrative expenses per tanker increased $129, or 10.1%, to $1,402 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1,273 for the prior period. General and administrative expenses are typically incurred prior to the acquisition of a vessel and remain for a period of time after the disposition of a vessel; therefore, during periods of changes in the average number of tankers in our fleet these daily expenses increase relative to the number of days that vessels are owned. We anticipate that general and administrative expenses will continue to increase in 2004 primarily as a result of our initial public offering, due to the costs associated with operating a public company, and as a result of our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers and the need to increase staff and infrastructure to commercially and technically manage these newly acquired tankers. Daily general and administrative
28
expenses per tanker are anticipated to continue to increase in 2004 as a result of our initial public offering due to the costs associated with operating a public company but the magnitude of the increase will be mitigated by the economies of scale associated with operating a larger fleet as a result of the acquisitions and proposed acquisitions described above.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION—Depreciation and amortization, which include depreciation of tankers as well as amortization of drydockings, increased by $0.6 million, or 77.8%, to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $0.8 million for the prior period. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisition of tankers after March 31, 2003, and the amortization of capitalized expenses associated with drydockings which took place after March 31, 2003 that occurred for the first time to vessels that are part of our fleet. We anticipate that depreciation and amortization will continue to increase in 2004 as a result of our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers, and the amortization associated with vessels that we will be drydocking for the first time since these vessels became part of our fleet.
| Three months ended March 31, | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2004 | ||||
Vessels depreciation expense | $ | 717 | $ | 1,088 | ||
Amortization of drydockings | $ | 59 | $ | 290 | ||
$ | 776 | $ | 1,378 | |||
Depreciation of vessels increased by $0.4 million, or 51.8%, to $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $0.7 million for the prior period. This increase is due to the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisitions of tankers after March 31, 2003. We anticipate that depreciation will continue to increase in 2004 due to our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers.
Amortization of drydockings increased by $0.2 million, or 392%, to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $0.1 million for the prior period. This increase is the result of the amortization of capitalized expenses associated with drydockings which took place after March 31, 2003, all of which relate to tankers which have capitalized drydocking expenditures for the first time since we acquired them. We anticipate that the amortization associated with drydockings will continue to increase in 2004 due to: the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the increase in costs associated with drydockings, and that we will be drydocking vessels for the first time since these vessels became part of our fleet. See the chart showing estimated survey and drydocking expenditures under "Liquidity and capital resources."
NET INTEREST EXPENSE—Net interest expense increased by $0.2 million, or 94.4%, to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $0.2 million for the prior period. This increase is the result of the increase in our weighted average outstanding debt as a result of our acquisitions of tankers after March 31, 2003, which increased 47.8% to $39.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $27.0 million for the prior period as well as the overall higher interest rate environment during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. Net interest expense is anticipated to continue to increase in 2004 as a result of the debt that we anticipate we will assume in connection with our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers.
FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINS OR LOSSES—We had foreign currency gains of $17,480 during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to a loss of $800 for the prior period.
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NET INCOME—Net income was $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to net income of $0.5 million for the prior period.
Year ended December 31, 2003 compared to the year ended December 31, 2002
VOYAGE REVENUES—Voyage revenues increased by $11.7 million, or 102%, to $23.1 million for 2003 compared to $11.4 million for the prior year. This increase is due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the overall stronger spot market during 2003 compared to the prior year. The average number of tankers in our fleet increased 51.7% to 4.4 tankers during 2003 compared to 2.9 tankers during the prior year, while our average daily TCE rate increased 33.9% to $11,304 during 2003 compared to $8,444 during the prior year.
VOYAGE EXPENSES—Voyage expenses, which primarily consist of port, canal and fuel costs that are unique to a particular voyage which would otherwise be paid by the charterer under a time charter contract, as well as commissions, increased $2.6 million, or 79.3%, to $5.9 million for 2003 compared to $3.3 million for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet during 2003 compared to the prior year, as well as the increase in the cost of fuel to operate the tankers.
NET VOYAGE REVENUES—
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2002 | |||||
Voyage revenues | $ | 23,085 | $ | 11,426 | |||
Less Voyage expenses | (5,937 | ) | (3,311 | ) | |||
Net voyage revenues | $ | 17,148 | $ | 8,115 | |||
Net voyage revenues, which are voyage revenues minus voyage expenses, increased by $9.0 million, or 111%, to $17.2 million for 2003 compared to $8.1 million for the prior year. This increase is the result of the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the overall stronger spot market during 2003 compared to the prior year. The average number of tankers in our fleet increased 51.7%, to 4.4 tankers compared to 2.9 tankers, while our average daily TCE rate increased 33.9%, to $11,304 from $8,444, for 2003 compared the prior year. The total increase in our net voyage revenues of $9.0 million resulted from a increase of $1.9 million in our Same Fleet revenues, to $7.1 million from $5.2 million, as well as an increase of $1.5 million, to $4.4 million from $2.9 million, from the tanker that we acquired during 2002, and $5.6 million from the tankers that we acquired during 2003. Tankers that are not considered Same Fleet tankers are the tankers we acquired after December 31, 2001. During 2003, we acquired the product tankerM/TFearless in February and the product tankerM/T Tireless in June. During 2002, we acquired the product tankerM/T Faithful, in February. Our fleet consisted of 5 tankers, 2 Handymax product and 3 Handysize product, on December 31, 2003 and 3 tankers, 1 Handymax product and 2 Handysize product tankers, on December 31, 2002.
On an overall fleet basis:
30
and $6.1 million, or 75.6%, of net voyage revenue generated in the spot market during the prior year.
Of our net voyage revenues of $17.2 million for 2003, $7.1 million was attributable to our Same Fleet. Same Fleet for the years 2003 and 2002 consisted of 2 Handysize product tankers. Same Fleet net voyage revenues increased by $1.9 million, or 36.5%, to $7.1 million for 2003 compared to $5.2 million for the prior year. This increase is attributable to an increase in our average daily spot tanker rate during 2003 compared to the average daily spot rate during the prior year.
On a Same Fleet basis:
VESSEL OPERATING EXPENSES—Vessel operating expenses, which include crew costs, provisions, deck and engine stores, lubricating oil, insurance, maintenance and repairs, increased by $3.9 million, or 86.2%, to $8.4 million for 2003 compared to $4.5 million for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 51.7% between the periods. The increase in vessel operating expenses relative to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the growth in the average size of the tankers that comprised our fleet during 2003 compared to 2002 is due to the lower vessel operating expenses during 2002. Our lower vessel operating expenses during 2002 is the result of one of our vessels undergoing a drydocking that year, during which time much of that vessel's maintenance and repairs that were performed during the drydocking and were capitalized with other drydocking costs. Daily vessel operating expenses per tanker increased by $864, or 19.8%, to $5,233 for 2003 compared to $4,369 for the prior year. This increase is the result of the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet, as larger tankers are inherently more expensive to operate, and as a result of the low vessel operating expenses incurred during 2002 described above. Same Fleet vessel operating expenses increased $0.9 million, or 29.0%, to $4.0 million for 2003 compared to $3.1 million for the prior year. This
31
increase is the result of: increases in the cost of maintenance and repairs, primarily due to currency exchange rate changes, as well as increases in provisions, insurance and crew wages. Daily Same Fleet vessel operating expenses per tanker increased $1,305, or 30.7%, to $5,558 for 2003 compared to $4,253 for the prior year. We anticipate that vessel operating expenses and daily vessel operating expenses will increase in 2004 as a result of our acquisition of 2 Suezmax tankers during the first quarter of 2004, and as a result of our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers, consisting of 2 Suezmax tankers and 8 Handymax product tankers, and their integration into our fleet. The increase in vessel operating expenses will be the result of the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet as a result of our acquisitions and proposed acquisitions of tankers. The increase in daily vessel operating expenses will be the result of the growth in the average size of the tankers in our fleet and the percentage of Suezmax tankers that comprise our fleet. Suezmax tankers are larger and inherently more expensive to operate than product tankers. Our vessel operating expenses depend on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control and affect the entire shipping industry.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES—General and administrative expenses, which is primarily the fees that Primal Tankers Inc. charged to manage our vessels, increased by $1.0 million, or 122%, to $1.8 million for 2003 compared to $0.8 million for the prior year. This increase is due to an increase in the management fee charged by Primal Tankers Inc. as a result of the increase in the payroll expenses including the increase in the number of its personnel arising from the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 51.7%, during 2003 compared to the prior year. Daily general and administrative expenses per tanker increased $345, or 44.1%, to $1,128 for 2003 compared to $783 for the prior year, this increase is due to an increase in the management fee charged by Primal Tankers Inc. as a result of the increase in the payroll expenses including the increase in the number of personnel arising from the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 51.7%, during 2003 compared to the prior year. General and administrative expenses are typically incurred prior to the acquisition of a vessel and remain for a period of time after the disposition of a vessel; therefore, during periods of changes in the average number of tankers in our fleet these daily expenses increase relative to the number of days that vessels are owned. We anticipate that general and administrative expenses will increase in 2004 primarily as a result of our initial public offering, due to the costs associated with operating a public company, and as a result of our acquisition of 2 Suezmax tankers and our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers and the need to increase staff and infrastructure to commercially and technically manage these newly acquired tankers. Daily general and administrative expenses per tanker are anticipated to increase in 2004 as a result of our initial public offering due to the costs associated with operating a public company but the magnitude of the increase will be mitigated by the economies of scale associated with operating a larger fleet as a result of the acquisitions and proposed acquisitions described above.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION—Depreciation and amortization, which include depreciation of tankers as well as amortization of drydockings, increased by $1.8 million, or 75.9%, to $4.2 million for 2003 compared to $2.4 million for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2003, and the amortization of capitalized expenses associated with drydockings that occurred for the first time to vessels that are part of our fleet. We anticipate that depreciation and amortization will increase in 2004 as a result of our acquisition of 2 Suezmax tankers during the first quarter of 2004 and our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers, the amortization associated with vessels that we will be drydocking for the first time since these vessels became part of our fleet.
| 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vessels depreciation expense | $ | 2,213 | $ | 3,604 | ||
Amortization of drydockings | $ | 177 | $ | 599 | ||
$ | 2,390 | $ | 4,203 | |||
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Depreciation of vessels increased by $1.4 million, or 62.8%, to $3.6 million for 2003 compared to $2.2 million for the prior period. This increase is due to the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2003 compared to the prior year. We anticipate that depreciation will increase in 2004 due to our acquisition of 2 Suezmax tankers during the first quarter of 2004 and as a result of our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers.
Amortization of drydockings increased by $0.4 million, or 238%, to $0.6 million for 2003 compared to $0.2 million for the prior year. This increase includes amortization associated with $2.4 million of capitalized expenditures relating to our tankers during 2003 compared to $0.5 million of capitalized expenditures during the prior year. Our capitalized expenditures of $2.4 million for 2003 had a weighted average amortization period of approximately 4 months during 2003 and have a weighted average amortization period of 38 months remaining as of December 31, 2003, all of which relate to tankers which have capitalized drydocking expenditures for the first time since we acquired them. We anticipate that the amortization associated with drydockings will increase in 2004 due to: the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the increase in costs associated with drydockings, and that we will be drydocking vessels for the first time since these vessels became part of our fleet. See the chart showing estimated survey and drydocking expenditures under "Liquidity and capital resources."
NET INTEREST EXPENSE—Net interest expense increased by $0.3 million, or 35.2%, to $1.3 million for 2003 compared to $1.0 million for the prior year. This increase is the result of the increase in our weighted average outstanding debt as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2003, which increased 43.5% to $33.0 million for 2003 compared to $23.0 million for the prior year. The magnitude of the increase in net interest expense relative to the increase in our weighted average outstanding debt was mitigated by the overall lower interest rate environment during 2003 compared to the prior year. Net interest expense is anticipated to increase in 2004 as a result of the debt that we have assumed in connection with our acquisition of 2 tankers during the first quarter of 2004 and the debt that we anticipate we will assume in connection with our proposed acquisition of 10 tankers.
FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINS OR LOSSES—We incurred a $105,000 foreign currency loss for 2003 compared to a loss of $62,000 for the prior year.
OTHER NET—We recognized a gain of $0.3 million during 2003 compared to a gain of $0.9 million during the prior year. These gains relate to the excess amount the Company received in connection with a claim for damages to its vessels compared to the actual costs associated with the repairs.
NET INCOME—Net income was $1.6 million for 2003 compared to net income of $0.2 million for the prior year.
Year ended December 31, 2002 compared to the year ended December 31, 2001
VOYAGE REVENUES—Voyage revenues decreased by $1.9 million, or 14.4%, to $11.4 million for 2002 compared to $13.3 million for the prior year. This decrease is due to the overall weaker spot market during 2002 compared to the prior year. The magnitude of the decrease was mitigated by the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 45.0% to 2.9 tankers during 2002 compared to 2.0 tankers during the prior year, while our average daily TCE rate decreased 31.0% to $8,444 during 2002 compared to $12,234 during the prior year.
VOYAGE EXPENSES—Voyage expenses, which primarily consist of port, canal and fuel costs that are unique to a particular voyage which would otherwise be paid by the charterer under a time charter contract, as well as commissions, decreased $1.1 million, or 25.0%, to $3.3 million for 2002 compared to $4.4 million for the prior year. This decrease is primarily the result of an increase in the deployment of our tankers operating on time charter contracts during 2002 compared to the prior year. Typically,
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tankers operating on time charter contract incur lower voyage expenses than those operating on the spot market, as the charterer not the owner is responsible for voyage expenses.
NET VOYAGE REVENUES—
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 2001 | |||||
Voyage revenues | $ | 11,426 | $ | 13,344 | |||
Less Voyage expenses | (3,311 | ) | (4,413 | ) | |||
Net voyage revenues | $ | 8,115 | $ | 8,931 | |||
Net voyage revenues, which are voyage revenues minus voyage expenses, decreased by $0.8 million, or 9.1%, to $8.1 million for 2002 compared to $8.9 million for the prior year. This decrease is the result of the overall weaker spot market during 2002 compared to the prior year. The magnitude of the decrease in net voyage revenues was mitigated by the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet. The average number of tankers in our fleet increased 45.0% to 2.9 tankers during 2002 compared to 2.0 tankers during the prior year, while our average daily TCE rate declined 31.0% to $8,444 compared to $12,234 for these same periods. The total decrease in our net voyage revenues of $0.8 million resulted from a decrease of $3.8 million in our Same Fleet net voyage revenues, to $5.2 million from $8.9 million, and the contribution of $2.9 million in net voyage revenues, from the tanker that we acquired during 2002. Tankers that are not considered Same Fleet tankers are the tankers we acquired after December 31, 2000: During 2002, we acquired the product tanker
M/T Faithful, in February. Our fleet consisted of 3 tankers, 1 Handymax product, 2 Handysize product, on December 31, 2002 and 2 Handysize product tankers on December 31, 2001.
On an overall fleet basis:
Of our net voyage revenues of $8.1 million for 2002, $5.2 million was attributable to our Same Fleet. Same Fleet for the years 2002 and 2001 consisted of 2 Handysize product tankers. Same Fleet net voyage revenues decreased by $3.7 million, or 41.5%, to $5.2 million for 2002 compared to $8.9 million for the prior year. This decrease is attributable to a decrease in our average daily spot rate during 2002 compared to the average daily spot rate for the prior year.
On a Same Fleet basis:
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VESSEL OPERATING EXPENSES—Vessel operating expenses, which include crew costs, provisions, deck and engine stores, lubricating oil, insurance, maintenance and repairs increased by $1.2 million, or 36.1%, to $4.5 million for 2002 compared to $3.3 million for the prior year. This increase is due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the growth in the average size of the tankers that comprised our fleet during 2002 compared to 2001. During 2002, the average number of tankers in our fleet increased 45.0% and the average size of the tankers in our fleet increased by 16.7% as a result of our acquisition of one Handymax product tanker during 2002. Larger tankers are typically more expensive to operate than smaller tankers. Daily vessel operating expenses per tanker decreased by $213, or 4.6%, to $4,369 for 2002 compared to $4,582 for the prior year. This decrease is primarily the result of a reduction in the expenses associated with maintenance and repairs during 2002 as one of our vessels underwent a drydocking that year, during which time much of that vessel's maintenance and repairs that were performed during the drydocking were capitalized with other drydocking costs. Same Fleet vessel operating expenses decreased $0.2 million, or 6.5%, to $3.1 million for 2002 compared to $3.3 million for the prior year. This decrease is primarily the result of a reduction in the expenses associated with maintenance and repairs in 2002 as one of our Same Fleet vessels underwent a drydocking during 2002, described above. Daily Same Fleet vessel operating expenses per tanker decreased $329, or 7.2%, to $4,253 for 2002 compared to $4,582 for the prior year.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES—General and administrative expenses, which is primarily the fees that Primal Tankers Inc. charged to manage our vessels, increased by $0.3 million, or 79.1%, to $0.8 million for 2002 compared to $0.5 million for the prior year. This increase is due to an increase in the management fee charged by Primal Tankers Inc. as a result of the increase in its payroll expenses including the increase in the number of its personnel arising from the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, which increased 45.0%, during 2002 compared to the prior year. Daily general and administrative expenses per tanker increased $160, or 25.7%, to $783 for 2002 compared to $623 for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to an increase in the management fee charged by Primal Tankers Inc., as a result of the increase in its payroll expenses including an increase in the number of personnel arising from the increase in the average number of tankers, in our fleet, which increased 45.0%, during 2002 compared to the prior year. General and administrative expenses are typically incurred prior to the acquisition of a vessel and remain for a period of time after the disposition of a vessel; therefore, during periods of changes in the size of our fleet these daily expenses increase relative to the number of days that vessels are owned.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION—Depreciation and amortization, which include depreciation of tankers as well as amortization of drydockings, increased by $1.1 million, or 178.7%, to $2.4 million for 2002 compared to $1.3 million for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to: the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet, the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2002, and the amortization associated with vessels that were drydocked for the first time since these vessels became part of our fleet.
| 2001 | 2002 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vessels depreciation expense | $ | 1,337 | $ | 2,213 | ||
Amortization of drydockings | $ | 0 | $ | 177 | ||
$ | 1,337 | $ | 2,390 | |||
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Depreciation of vessels increased by $0.9 million or 65.5% to $2.2 million for 2002 compared to $1.3 million for the prior year. This increase is due to the increase in the average number of tankers in our fleet and the increase in the book value of our fleet as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2002 compared to the prior year.
Amortization of drydockings was $0.2 million for 2002; during 2001 we had no amortization of drydockings. This increase is due to the amortization associated with $0.5 million of capitalized expenditures that occurred during 2002 that had an amortization period of approximately 8 months during 2002 and has an amortization period of 17 months remaining as of December 31, 2002.
NET INTEREST EXPENSE—Net interest expense increased by $0.2 million, or 31.8%, to $1.0 million for 2002 compared to $0.8 million for the prior year. This increase is the result of the increase in our weighted average outstanding debt as a result of our acquisitions of tankers during 2002, which increased 104% to $23.0 million during 2002 compared to $11.3 million for the prior year. The magnitude of the increase of net interest expense relative to the increase in our weighted average outstanding debt was mitigated by the overall lower interest rate environment during 2002 compared to the prior year.
FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINS OR LOSSES—We incurred a $62,000 foreign currency loss for 2002 compared to a gain of $3,000 for the prior year.
WRITE-OFF OF A RELATED PARTY RECEIVABLE—During 2000 the Company provided a short-term non interest-bearing loan to three related, through common ownership, ship owning companies, each owning a container vessel, for an amount of approximately $1.7 million, for working capital purposes. During 2001 these related companies sold their container vessels and became dormant. The proceeds from the sale of the container vessels were not sufficient to fully repay the amounts due the Company and an amount of $1.3 million was written-off as uncollectible.
OTHER NET—We recognized a gain of $0.9 million during 2002, which relates to the excess amount the Company received in connection with a claim for damages to one of its vessels compared to the actual costs associated with the repairs.
NET INCOME—Net income was $0.2 million for 2002 compared to $1.8 million for the prior year.
Liquidity and capital resources
Since our formation, our principal source of funds has been equity provided by our shareholders, operating cash flows and long-term borrowings. Our principal use of funds has been capital expenditures to establish and grow our fleet, maintain the quality of our tankers, comply with international shipping standards and environmental laws and regulations, fund working capital requirements, make principal repayments on outstanding loan facilities, and pay dividends. We expect to rely upon operating cash flows, long-term borrowings, the proceeds of this offering, as well as future equity financings to implement our growth plan. Assuming the completion of this offering, we believe that our current cash balance as well as operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the next year.
Our practice has been to acquire tankers using a combination of funds received from equity investors and bank debt secured by mortgages on our tankers. Our business is capital intensive and its future success will depend on our ability to maintain a high-quality fleet through the acquisition of newer tankers and the selective sale of older tankers. These acquisitions will be principally subject to management's expectation of future market conditions as well as our ability to acquire tankers on favorable terms.
We intend to operate a fleet that is 100% double-hull. As a result and in anticipation of the possible accelerated IMO phase out of single-hull tankers to 2010, we plan to sell our single-hull tankers before the end of 2004. The sale of these tankers will reduce the total deadweight tonnage of
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our combined fleet by approximately 8%. The Company does not believe that this reduction would materially affect our operations.
Cash decreased to $0.5 million as of March 31, 2004 compared to $2.3 million as of December 31, 2003. Working capital is current assets minus current liabilities, including the current portion of long-term debt. Working capital deficit was $13.6 million as of March 31, 2004, compared to a working capital deficit of $4.2 million as of December 31, 2003. The current portion of long-term debt included in our current liabilities was $13.4 million and $4.1 million as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively.
EBITDA, as defined inFootnote 3 to the "Selected consolidated financial and operating data" table above, increased by $1.5 million, or 98.0%, to $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1.5 million for the prior year period. This increase is due to the growth of our fleet and the overall stronger tanker market during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior year period, the increase was mitigated by the increase in vessel operating expenses and general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the prior period. Same Fleet EBITDA increased by $0.5 million, or 38.5%, to $1.8 million for 2004 from $1.3 million for the prior year.
EBITDA, increased by $3.6 million, or 100%, to $7.2 million for 2003 compared to $3.6 million for the prior year. This increase is due to the growth of our fleet and the overall stronger tanker market during 2003 compared to the prior year, the increase was mitigated by the increase in vessel operating expenses and general and administrative expenses for 2003 compared to the prior year. Same Fleet EBITDA increased by $0.2 million, or 11.2%, to $2.3 million for 2003 from $2.0 million for the prior year.
EBITDA, decreased by $0.3 million, or 7.4%, to $3.6 million for 2002 compared to $3.9 million for the prior year. This decrease is due to the decrease of net voyage revenue generated by our fleet as a result of the overall weaker tanker market as well as the increase in vessel operating expenses and general and administrative expenses for 2002 compared to the prior year. Same Fleet EBITDA decreased by $1.8 million, or 46.2%, to $2.1 million for 2002 compared to $3.9 million for the prior year.
As of March 31, 2004 we had six outstanding loans, A through F. These loans have maturity dates ranging from 2006 to 2012 and a combined outstanding balance of $93.5 million. (See tables below)
The scheduled annual principal payments for our outstanding loans are as follow:
| LOANS | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | |||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | D | E | F | TOTAL | |||||||||||||||
2004 | $ | 870 | $ | 413 | $ | 900 | $ | 882 | $ | 3,562 | $ | 2,275 | $ | 8,902 | |||||||
2005 | 1,160 | 550 | 1,200 | 1,175 | 4,375 | 4,250 | 12,710 | ||||||||||||||
2006 | 3,160 | 725 | 1,200 | 1,175 | 3,043 | 3,550 | 12,853 | ||||||||||||||
2007 | 1,160 | 1,200 | 1,175 | 2,640 | 3,150 | 9,325 | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 3,590 | 1,200 | 1,175 | 2,640 | 2,675 | 11,280 | |||||||||||||||
Thereafter | — | — | 5,100 | 5,581 | 13,240 | 14,500 | 38,421 | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL | $ | 9,940 | $ | 1,688 | $ | 10,800 | $ | 11,163 | $ | 29,500 | $ | 30,400 | $ | 93,491 |
The Company entered into the loans reflected in columns E and F above in March 2004 to partially finance the acquisition of vessels "Endless" and "Limitless" for a total purchase price of $75.8 million. These loans have a total original principal amount of $59.9 million, bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin, are secured by first preferred mortgages over the vesselsEndless andLimitless and are payable in varying quarterly and semi-annual installments from June 2004 through March 2012. The loan agreements contain, among other covenants, a restriction on the payment of dividends without the bank's prior consent. The remaining portion of the vessels' acquisition cost was financed by
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shareholders' contributions to additional paid-in capital during the three month period ended March 31, 2004.
The scheduled quarterly principal payments during 2004 for our outstanding loans are as follow:
| LOANS | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | D | E | F | TOTAL | |||||||||||||||
Q2 | $ | 290 | $ | 138 | $ | 300 | $ | 294 | $ | 1,187 | $ | — | $ | 2,209 | |||||||
Q3 | 290 | 137 | 300 | 294 | 1,188 | 2,275 | 4,484 | ||||||||||||||
Q4 | 290 | 138 | 300 | 294 | 1,187 | — | 2,209 | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL | $ | 870 | $ | 413 | $ | 900 | $ | 882 | $ | 3,562 | $ | 2,275 | $ | 8,902 |
In connection with our initial public offering, we have accepted our lender's offer letter to provide us with a new senior secured credit facility of up to $222.0 million and intend to use the proceeds of advances under the new credit facility to partially finance the acquisition of the Identified Tankers and to refinance all our existing senior secured debt, other than the existing debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels, either simultaneously with or shortly after the closing of the offering. We anticipate that we will enter into the new credit facility and complete the acquisitions of the Identified Tankers during the third quarter of 2004. The new credit facility will be divided into two tranches of $197 million and $25 million, respectively. The initial interest rate on the $197 million tranche will be 100 basis points over LIBOR. The interest rate on the $197 million tranche will be adjusted quarterly to 100 basis points over LIBOR if the ratio of the outstanding loan balance to the aggregate value of our vessels securing the loan is less than or equal to 60%; 112.5 basis points over LIBOR if this ratio is greater than 60% but less than 70%; or 125 basis points over LIBOR if this ratio is greater than 70%. The initial interest rate on the $25 million tranche will be 175 basis points over LIBOR and will increase to 200 basis points over LIBOR after December 31, 2004. The credit facility will allow us, subject to certain conditions, to defer up to two non-consecutive payments of the first ten scheduled principal payments on the $197 million tranche of $10 million each, provided that a fee of 1% shall be payable on any deferred installment and a maximum of $20,000,000 may be deferred at any time. We will be in default of our new credit facility if we fail to maintain certain financial performance measures such as: vessel market value to loan outstanding, minimum cash balances maintained with the lender and working capital. The only loan that we do not intend to refinance under the new credit facility is a loan entered into in June 2003 with Piraeus Bank A.E. for $2.1 million to partially finance the purchase of our Handysize tankerTireless, of which $1.6 million is currently outstanding. The loan is secured by a mortgage and related security on theTireless and requires that we make 12 quarterly installments of $137,500 and a final installment of $450,000. The loan bears interest at a rate of 200 basis points over LIBOR on the outstanding loan balance. The loan requires that the value of theTireless must be equal to or greater than 125% of the outstanding principal amount of the loan and contains other general loan covenants and events of default. The scheduled annual principal repayments through 2008 for our outstanding loans reflecting the refinancing of all of our existing senior secured loans during the third quarter of 2004, other than the loan respect of theTireless, will be as follows:
Year | A | B | C | D | E | F | NEW | TOTAL | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | $ | 290 | $ | 413 | $ | 300 | $ | 294 | $ | 1,187 | $ | 2,484 | ||||||||||||
2005 | 550 | $ | 32,500 | 33,050 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 725 | 32,500 | 33,225 | |||||||||||||||||||||
2007 | 20,000 | 20,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 20,000 | 20,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Thereafter | 117,000 | 117,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
TOTAL | $ | 290 | $ | 1,688 | $ | 300 | $ | 294 | $ | 1,187 | $ | 0 | $ | 222,000 | $ | 225,759 | ||||||||
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The scheduled quarterly principal repayments during 2004 for our outstanding loans reflecting the refinancing of all of our existing senior secured loans, other than the loan in respect of theTireless, during the third quarter of 2004 will be as follows:
2004 | A | B | C | D | E | F | NEW | TOTAL | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Q2 | $ | 290 | $ | 138 | $ | 300 | $ | 294 | $ | 1,187 | 2,209 | |||||||||||||
Q3 | 137 | 137 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Q4 | 138 | 138 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
TOTAL | $ | 290 | $ | 413 | $ | 300 | $ | 294 | $ | 1,187 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 2,484 | ||||||||
In addition to tanker acquisition, other major capital expenditures include funding our maintenance program of regularly scheduled intermediate survey or special survey drydocking necessary to preserve the quality of our tankers as well as to comply with international shipping standards and environmental laws and regulations. Although we have some flexibility regarding the timing of this maintenance, the costs are relatively predictable. Management anticipates that these tankers which are younger than 15 years are required to undergo in-water intermediate surveys 2.5 years after a special survey drydocking and that tankers are to be drydocked every five years, while tankers 15 years or older are to be drydocked for an intermediate survey every 2.5 years in which case the additional intermediate survey drydockings take the place of in-water surveys.
During the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, we had no off hire days associated with drydockings. During 2003 we had 83 off hire days associated with 2 drydockings. Each intermediate survey drydocking is estimated to require approximately 11 days and each special survey drydocking is estimated to require approximately 28 days. In addition to the costs described above, drydockings result in off hire time for a tanker, during which the tanker is unable to generate revenue. Off hire time includes the actual time the tanker is in the shipyard as well as ballast time to the shipyard from the port of last discharge. The ability to meet this maintenance schedule will depend on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations or to secure additional financing.
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES—increased 76.1% to $0.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to $0.5 million during the prior year period. This increase is primarily attributable to net income of $1.2 million and depreciation and amortization of $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to net income of $0.5 million and depreciation and amortization of $0.8 million during the prior year period.
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES—was $76.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $17.0 million during the prior year period. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, we expended $75.8 million for the acquisition of two tankers, compared to expending $16.9 million for the acquisition of one tanker during the prior year period.
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES—was $73.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $16.4 million during the prior year period. The change in cash provided by financing activities relates to the following:
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NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES—increased 104.0% to $4.9 million during 2003, compared to $2.4 million during the prior year. This increase is primarily attributable to net income of $1.7 million, other income of $0.3 million and depreciation and amortization of $4.2 million for 2003 compared to net income of $0.2 million, other income of $0.8 million and depreciation and amortization of $2.4 million during the prior year.
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES—was $20.0 million during 2003 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $18.3 million during the prior year. During 2003, we expended $19.6 million for the acquisition of two tankers, compared to expending $18.5 million for the acquisition of one tanker during the prior year.
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES—was $17.3 million during 2003 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $14.2 million during the prior year. The change in cash provided by financing activities relates to the following:
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES—decreased 53.8% to $2.4 million during 2002, compared to $5.2 million during the prior year. This decrease is primarily attributable to our net income of $0.2 million and depreciation and amortization of $2.4 million for 2002 compared to net income of $1.8 million and depreciation and amortization of $1.3 million for the prior year.
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES—was $18.3 million during 2002 compared to $0.04 million during the prior year. During 2002, we expended $18.5 million for the acquisition of one tanker; we made no acquisitions during the prior year.
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES—was $14.2 million during 2002 compared to net cash used by financing activities of $3.6 million during the prior year. The increase in cash provided by financing activity relates to the following:
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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Top Tanker Management, Inc. We have established TOP Tanker Management Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary, which will be responsible for all of the chartering, operational and technical management of our fleet under management agreements with us. Upon our acquisition of the Identified Tankers, TOP Tanker Management will subcontract the technical management of the Identified Tankers to Unicom Management, an unaffiliated ship management company based in Cyprus that is currently responsible for the technical management of the Identified Tankers. Top Tanker Management will also subcontract the technical management of the initial fleet to V.Ships Management Limited and may subcontract the technical management of vessels acquired in the future to third-party technical management companies that are unaffiliated with us. Prior to the completion of this offering, a related party, Primal Tankers Inc., was responsible for the commercial and technical management of our fleet. Because we will continue to utilize the services of third-party managers for the technical management of our fleet, we do not expect the addition of TOP Tanker Management to have a material financial impact on our operations.
Amendment of Company's Articles of Incorporation. On May 10, 2004, our Articles of Incorporation were amended. Under the amended articles of incorporation, our Company was renamed TOP Tankers Inc. and our authorized capital stock increased to 50,000,000 shares (all in registered form) of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. In addition, in connection with this offering, on May 21, 2004, we issued 6,000,000 shares at their par value. The earnings and dividends per share amounts included in the consolidated financial statements have been restated to reflect the issuance of the 6,000,000 shares.
Contemplated Acquisition of Ten Tanker Vessels. In April 2004, the Company entered into agreements to acquire 10 tanker vessels from unaffiliated entities for a total amount of $251.2 million. Under the terms of the agreements, the Company paid $250,000 which can be applied against the purchase price of one of these vessels. The acquisition is expected to be financed from the proceeds of this offering and from the new credit facility discussed below.
New Credit Facility. The Company has accepted an offer letter from a bank, in which the bank has agreed, subject to some preconditions, to provide the Company with a new senior secured credit facility to partially finance the acquisition of the ten Identified Tanker vessels and to refinance the balances of the Company's existing loans, with the exception of the loan relating to the vesselTireless. The new credit facility is expected to be in the committed amount of $222.0 million divided into 2 tranches of $197 million and $25 million, respectively. The $197 million tranche will be payable in 16 consecutive semi-annual installments of $10 million each, commencing no later than March 31, 2005, together with a final installment of $37 million. The $25 million tranche will be payable in 4 consecutive semi-annual installments of $6.25 million each, commencing no later than February 28, 2005. The facility will bear interest at LIBOR plus a spread and will be secured by a first priority mortgage over the vessels involved. The new credit facility, among others, will contain financial covenants requiring the Company to ensure that the aggregate value of the mortgaged vessels at all times exceed 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the new credit facility and to maintain minimum cash balances with the lender in the amount of $10 million on a monthly average basis and $5 million at all times. The Company will be permitted to pay dividends under the new credit facility so long as it is not in default of a loan covenant.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of those financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our
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financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Critical accounting policies are those that reflect significant judgments or uncertainties, and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We have described below what we believe are our most critical accounting policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and the methods of their application. For a description of all of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included herein.
Impairment of long-lived assets. We evaluate the carrying amounts and periods over which long-lived assets are depreciated to determine if events have occurred which would require modification to their carrying values or useful lives. In evaluating useful lives and carrying values of long-lived assets, we review certain indicators of potential impairment, such as undiscounted projected operating cash flows, tanker sales and purchases, business plans and overall market conditions. We determine undiscounted projected net operating cash flows for each tanker and compare it to the tanker carrying value. In the event that impairment occurred, we would determine the fair value of the related asset and we would record a charge to operations calculated by comparing the asset's carrying value to the estimated fair value. We estimate fair value primarily through the use of third party valuations performed on an individual tanker basis.
Depreciation. We record the value of our tankers at their cost (which includes acquisition costs directly attributable to the tanker and expenditures made to prepare the tanker for its initial voyage) less accumulated depreciation. We depreciate our tankers on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, estimated to be 25 years from date of initial delivery from the shipyard. We believe that a 25-year depreciable life is consistent with that of other ship owners. Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual scrap value. An increase in the useful life of the tanker or in the residual value would have the effect of decreasing the annual depreciation charge and extending it into later periods. A decrease in the useful life of the tanker or in the residual value would have the effect of increasing the annual depreciation charge.
Deferred drydock costs. Our tankers are required to be drydocked for major repairs and maintenance that cannot be performed while the tankers are operating approximately every 30 to 60 months. We capitalize the costs associated with the drydocks as they occur and amortize these costs on a straight line basis over the period between drydocks. Costs capitalized as part of the drydock include actual costs incurred at the drydock yard; cost of fuel consumed between the tanker's last discharge port prior to the drydock and the time the tanker leaves the drydock yard; cost of hiring riding crews to effect repairs on a ship and parts used in making such repairs that are reasonably made in anticipation of reducing the duration or cost of the drydock; cost of travel, lodging and subsistence of our personnel sent to the drydock site to supervise; and the cost of hiring a third party to oversee a drydock. We believe that these criteria are consistent with GAAP guidelines and industry practice, and that our policy of capitalization reflect the economics and market values of the tankers.
Allowance for doubtful accounts. Revenue is based on contracted charter parties and, although our business is with customers who we believe to be of the highest standard, there is always the possibility of dispute over terms and payment of freight. In such circumstances, we assess the recoverability of amounts outstanding and we estimate a provision if there is a possibility of non-recoverability. Although we believe our provisions to be based on fair judgment at the time of their creation, it is possible that an amount under dispute is not recovered and the estimated provision for doubtful recoverability is inadequate.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure of Market Risk
Interest Rate Fluctuation. The international tanker industry is a capital intensive industry, requiring significant amounts of investment. Much of this investment is provided in the form of
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long-term debt. Our debt usually contains interest rates that fluctuate with LIBOR. Increasing interest rates could adversely impact future earnings.
Our interest expense is affected by changes in the general level of interest rates. As an indication of the extent of our sensitivity to interest rate changes, an increase of 100 basis points would have decreased our net income and cash flows in the current year by approximately $54,434 based upon our debt level at March 31, 2004.
The following table sets forth the sensitivity of loans A through F in U.S. dollars to a 100 basis points increase in LIBOR during the next five years on the same basis.
Interest Expense Sensitivity to 100 Basis Point Change in LIBOR | | ||
---|---|---|---|
YEAR 1 | $ | 568,674 | |
YEAR 2 | 592,548 | ||
YEAR 3 | 476,105 | ||
YEAR 4 | 401,121 | ||
YEAR 5 | 351,121 | ||
TOTAL | $ | 2,389,569 | |
The following table sets forth the sensitivity of loans A through F incorporating the new credit facility which we anticipate that we will enter during the third quarter 2004 in U.S. dollars to a 100 basis points increase in LIBOR during the next five years on the same basis.
Interest Expense Sensitivity to 100 Basis Point Change in LIBOR | | ||
---|---|---|---|
YEAR 1 | $ | 1,170,790 | |
YEAR 2 | 1,838,792 | ||
YEAR 3 | 1,631,313 | ||
YEAR 4 | 1,428,333 | ||
YEAR 5 | 1,228,333 | ||
TOTAL | $ | 7,297,560 | |
Foreign Exchange Rate Risk. We generate all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but incur approximately 22% of our expenses in currencies other than U.S. dollars. For accounting purposes, expenses incurred in Euros are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of each transaction.
Inflation. Although inflation has had a moderate impact on our trading fleet's operating and voyage expenses in recent years, management does not consider inflation to be a significant risk to operating or voyage costs in the current economic environment. However, in the event that inflation becomes a significant factor in the global economy, inflationary pressures would result in increased operating, voyage and financing costs.
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THE INTERNATIONAL TANKER INDUSTRY
Overview
International seaborne crude oil and other refined petroleum products transportation services are provided by two main types of operators: fleets owned by independent companies and fleets owned by oil companies (both private and state-owned). Both types of owners operate under spot market voyage charters or charter contracts, both bareboat or time charter, with oil companies, oil traders, large oil consumers, refined petroleum products producers and government agencies.
The tanker industry is highly fragmented, but during the past several years has undergone consolidation driven in part by a significant and ongoing shift toward quality in vessels and vessel operators as charterers and regulators increasingly focus on safety and protection of the environment. As a result, oil companies acting as charterers, terminal operators, shippers and receivers are becoming increasingly selective in their acceptance of vessels and operators, and inspecting and vetting both vessels and companies on a periodic basis.
The quality of vessels and operators has improved during the past several years as charterers and regulators increasingly focus on safety and protection of the environment. National authorities and international conventions have historically regulated the oil and refined petroleum products transportation industry and, since 1990, the emphasis on environmental protection has increased. Legislation and regulations such as the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA 90, International Maritime Organization, or IMO, protocols and classification society procedures demand higher-quality vessel construction, maintenance, repair and operators. Limitations imposed by port states and the IMO on trading of single-hull vessels should accelerate the commercial obsolescence of these vessels. Charterers of all types, including oil companies, terminal operators, shippers and receivers, are becoming increasingly selective in their acceptance of vessels and operators, raising the barrier to entry for new participants in the industry and favoring existing shipowners with quality fleets and operations.
The crude oil and refined petroleum products tanker fleet has the following types of tankers, based on tanker carrying capacity, set forth below:
Vessel Type | Approximate Size Range (dwt) | |
---|---|---|
ULCCs (Ultra Large Crude Carriers) | 320,000 and larger | |
VLCCs (Very Large Crude Carriers) | 200,000 to 320,000 | |
Suezmax | 120,000 to 200,000 | |
Aframax | 80,000 to 120,000 | |
Panamax | 60,000 to 80,000 | |
Handymax | 30,000 to 60,000 | |
Handysize | 10,000 to 30,000 |
Additionally, tankers are differentiated by the type of cargo that they carry. The industry identifies tankers as either products tankers or crude oil tankers on the basis of various factors, including technical specifications and trading histories. Crude oil tankers carry crude oil and so-called "dirty" products such as fuel oils. Products tankers carry, among other cargoes, refined petroleum products such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naptha and gas oil, which are often referred to as "clean" products.
Products tankers are tankers that typically have cargo handling systems that are designed to transport several different refined products simultaneously, such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naptha and heating oil, from refineries to the ultimate consumer. Products tankers generally have coated cargo tanks that assist in tank cleaning between voyages involving different cargoes. This coating also protects the steel in the tanks from corrosive cargoes.
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Products tankers generally range in size from 10,000 dwt to 80,000 dwt, although there are some larger product carriers designed for niche long-range trades, such as from the Middle East to Southeast Asia.
Although products tankers can carry dirty products, they generally do not switch between clean and dirty cargoes because a vessel carrying dirty cargo must undergo a cleaning process prior to loading clean cargo. In addition, specified design, outfitting and technical factors tend to make some vessels better suited to handling the physical properties of distinct cargoes.
ULCCs and VLCCs carry the largest percentage of crude oil transported by sea. These large tankers are typically on long-haul voyages, but port constraints limit their trading routes. For example, only a few U.S. ports, such as the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port, are capable of handling a fully laden VLCC.
Suezmax tankers engage in a range of crude oil trades, most usually from West Africa to the United States, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean or Europe, within the Mediterranean, or within Asia. Most Aframax tankers carry dirty products in short regional trades, mainly within Northwest Europe, within the Caribbean, within the Mediterranean or within Asia. Panamax tankers, which are the largest tankers that can pass fully-loaded through the Panama Canal, take advantage of size restrictions on larger vessels in South and North American terminals. Three-quarters of the world's Panamax fleet transports dirty products and the remainder transports clean products.
Handymax and Handysize tankers carry the vast majority of clean products, comprising approximately 80% of all products tankers in terms of number of tankers. Handymax tankers comprise the largest concentration of products tankers because smaller tankers have the greatest flexibility in trade routes and port access. They can service many ports and utilize berthing facilities which cannot accommodate larger tankers due to size limitations or because those tankers require deeper water in which to operate. Also, port facilities may lack sufficient storage capacity to unload the large loads carried by larger tankers. At the same time, Handymax tankers can load a variety of different cargoes and thereby operate in a number of international oil and oil product trading routes.
Unlike the transportation of crude oil, which is typically mono-directional in that most oil is transported from a few centers of production to many regions of consumption, the transportation of refined petroleum products and other cargoes is multi-directional in that there are several areas of production and consumption. This global multi-directional trade pattern enables owners of vessels that transport refined petroleum products and other cargoes to engage in charters of triangulation in an attempt to maximize the revenue generating potential of their vessels and minimize non-revenue generating ballast voyages.
Industry fundamentals
Charter rates are strongly influenced by the demand for, and supply of, vessel capacity because of the highly competitive nature of the charter market. Small changes in vessel utilization have historically led to relatively large changes in charter rates.
Tanker demand. Tanker demand is expressed in "ton-miles" and is measured as the product of (a) the amount of cargo transported in tankers, multiplied by (b) the distance over which this cargo is transported. Tonnage of oil shipped is primarily a function of global oil consumption, which is driven by economic activity as well as the long-term impact of oil prices on the location and related volume of oil production. Tonnage of oil shipped is also influenced by transportation alternatives such as pipelines.
The distance over which oil is transported is the more variable element of the ton-mile demand equation. It is determined by seaborne trading and distribution patterns, which are principally influenced by the locations of production and the optimal economic distribution of the production to destinations for consumption. Seaborne trading patterns are also periodically influenced by geo-political events that divert tankers from normal trading patterns, as well as by inter-regional oil trading activity created by oil supply and demand imbalances.
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Tanker supply. The supply of tankers is a function of, new tanker deliveries, scrapping and conversion and loss of tonnage.
The level of newbuilding orders is a function primarily of newbuilding prices in relation to current and anticipated charter market conditions. Typically, delivery of a tanker occurs within 18 to 36 months after ordering. The correlation between the Suezmax and Handymax newbuilding orderbook and deliveries, and additional supply of tonnage competing in the world Suezmax and Handymax tanker market, is not precise since some of the newbuild tankers are expected to be employed in the offshore oil production industry or as coated products tankers that do not compete directly for crude oil shipping business.
Newbuilding deliveries of Suezmax and Handymax tankers occurred at an annual average rate of 21 tankers and 60 tankers, respectively, for the five year period from 1998 to 2003, according to Clarksons Research Studies, with deliveries for Suezmax tankers peaking in 2002 and 2003 with 24 tankers and deliveries for Handymax tankers peaking in 2003 with 105 tankers. There were 24 Suezmax and 105 Handymax tankers delivered in 2003 and there are an additional 27 Suezmax tankers and 134 Handymax tankers scheduled for delivery during 2004. At May 1, 2004, the Suezmax and Handymax newbuilding orderbook for delivery between 2004 and 2006 contained orders for 64 Suezmax tankers and 300 Handymax tankers, equivalent to 22% of the existing Suezmax fleet and 28% of the existing Handymax fleet by number of vessels, respectively.
At any point in time, the level of scrapping activity is a function primarily of scrapping prices in relation to current and prospective charter market conditions, as well as operating, repair and survey costs. Industry regulations also affect scrapping levels. For example, IMO regulations adopted in April 2001 change the phase-out age of single-hull tankers from 30 years in 2003 to 26 years in 2007. Insurance companies and customers rely to some degree on the survey and classification regime to provide reasonable assurance of a tanker's seaworthiness and tankers must be certified as "in-class" in order to continue to trade. Because the costs of maintaining a tanker in-class rise substantially as the age of the tanker increases, tanker owners often conclude that it is more economical to scrap a tanker that has exhausted its anticipated useful life than to upgrade it to maintain it in-class.
According to Clarksons Research Studies, scrapping of Suezmax and Handymax tankers occurred at an annual average rate of 17 tankers and 27 tankers, respectively, for the five-year period from 1998 to 2003. As a result of the decline in TCE rates in 1999, scrapping increased dramatically in the second half of 1999, with 23 Suezmax tankers and 12 Handymax tankers being scrapped in 1999. As TCE rates increased in 2000, tanker scrapping decreased, with a majority of the scrapping in 2000 occurring during the first six months of that year. As of December 31, 2003, 15 Suezmax and 45 Handymax tankers had been scrapped in 2003. The IMO regulations requiring the accelerated phase-out of single-hull tankers should result in the scrapping of approximately 8% of the world's existing Suezmax fleet and 20% of the world's existing Handymax fleet by the end of 2007.
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General
We currently own and operate a fleet of 7 tankers, consisting of 2 double-hull Handymax tankers, 2 double-hull Suezmax tankers and 3 single-hull Handysize tankers, representing a carrying capacity of more than 454,000 dwt. We refer to these 7 tankers as our initial fleet. Our Handymax tankers carry refined petroleum products, such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and heating oil, our Suezmax tankers carry crude oil and our Handysize tankers carry mainly edible oils and some clean refined petroleum products. 80% of our initial fleet by dwt is double-hull.
We intend to acquire 10 double-hull tankers from their current owners for a total purchase price of $251.2 million, approximately $118.9 million of which will come from the net proceeds of this offering. We have accepted our lender's offer letter to provide us with a new senior secured credit facility under which we can borrow up to $222.0 million. We expect to borrow $132.3 million under the new credit facility to finance the balance of the purchase price of the Identified Tankers. We expect to borrow the remainder to refinance all our existing senior secured debt, other than the existing debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels. We refer to these 10 tankers as our Identified Tankers. The Identified Tankers consist of 8 Handymax tankers and 2 Suezmax tankers built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. and Halla Engineering & Heavy Industries Limited of the Republic of Korea, respectively. The Identified Tankers were built during 1991 and 1992. Unless indicated otherwise, references to our combined fleet are to our fleet of tankers after giving effect to the purchase of the Identified Tankers. Our acquisition of the Identified Tankers will increase the size of our combined fleet to 17 tankers, representing more than 1,100,000 dwt. 92% of our combined fleet will be double-hull design compared to 61% of the worldwide tanker fleet over 10,000 dwt, according to Clarksons Research Studies. We are a Marshall Islands company with our principal executive offices in Athens, Greece. Since our inception in 2000, we have increased the size and carrying capacity of our fleet from 2 vessels and approximately 60,000 dwt to our combined fleet of 17 tankers and approximately 1,100,000 dwt.
Our financial strategy is focused on maintaining a targeted level of leverage and distributing a portion of our annual net income as dividends to our shareholders. Following the completion of this offering and the acquisition of the Identified Tankers, we expect to have a ratio of indebtedness to total capital of approximately 59%. We intend to maintain a targeted ratio of indebtedness to total capital of approximately 50% when making additional vessel acquisitions. Our business strategy is focused on building and maintaining enduring relationships with oil companies, charterers and oil traders and other participants in the international tanker industry, including brokers, suppliers, classification societies, insurers and others. We seek to continue to create long-term value principally by acquiring and operating high quality, double-hull, refined petroleum products and crude oil tankers. Consistent with this strategy, our combined fleet will enable us to serve customers in both the crude oil and refined petroleum products sectors of the tanker industry. We intend to sell our single-hull tankers before the end of 2004.
We believe we have established a reputation in the international tanker industry for operating and maintaining our fleet with high standards of performance, reliability and safety. We have assembled a management team comprised of executives who have extensive experience operating large and diversified fleets of tankers and other vessels and who have strong ties to a number of national, regional and international oil companies, charterers and oil traders.
Currently, our most significant customers, and the percentage of revenues we derived from them in 2003 include:
We have established TOP Tanker Management Inc., or TOP Tanker Management, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which will be responsible for all of the chartering, operational and technical management of
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our fleet under management agreements with us. Upon our acquisition of the Identified Tankers, TOP Tanker Management will subcontract the technical management of the Identified Tankers to Unicom Management, an unaffiliated ship management company based in Cyprus that is currently responsible for the technical management of the Identified Tankers. TOP Tanker Management will also subcontract the technical management of the initial fleet to V.Ships Management Limited and may subcontract the technical management of vessels acquired in the future to third-party technical management companies that are unaffiliated with us.
We intend to deploy all 4 of our Suezmax tankers and all 3 of our Handysize tankers in the spot charter market, and will deploy all 10 of our Handymax tankers under two-year time charter contracts that include profit sharing arrangements. Our tankers operating in the spot charter market combined with the profit sharing arrangements of our tankers that will operate under time charter contracts enables us to benefit from increasing spot charter rates. The profit sharing arrangements associated with our Handymax tankers provide for a guaranteed base rate, plus, up to approximately 50% of the difference between the base rate and the actual charter revenue that the vessels generate during that two-year period.
We believe we possess a number of competitive strengths that provide us with a strong position within the industry:
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enables us to switch efficiently between different cargoes such as dirty or clean refined petroleum products and edible oils, in a timely manner, thereby reducing ballast time between voyages and providing opportunities to engage in multi-directional chartering.
We believe we can optimize return on our investments and maximize shareholder value through our strategy.
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Our Fleet
Our combined fleet is comprised of the following vessels:
| Country Built | Year Built | Year Acquired | Hull Type | Dwt | Initial Fleet/Acquisition | Sister Ships(1) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude Oil Tankers Suezmax | |||||||||||||||
Timeless | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 154,970 | Acquisition | A | ||||||||
Flawless | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 154,970 | Acquisition | A | ||||||||
Endless | Brazil | 1992 | 2004 | DH | 135,915 | Initial Fleet | B | ||||||||
Limitless | Brazil | 1993 | 2004 | DH | 136,055 | Initial Fleet | B | ||||||||
Total Suezmax | 581,910 | ||||||||||||||
Product Tankers Handymax | |||||||||||||||
Restless | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Spotless | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 47,094 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Doubtless | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 47,076 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Victorious | Korea | 1991 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Relentless | Korea | 1992 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Sovereign | Korea | 1992 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Invincible | Korea | 1992 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Vanguard | Korea | 1992 | 2004 | DH | 47,084 | Acquisition | C | ||||||||
Fearless | China | 1992 | 2003 | DH | 44,646 | Initial Fleet | |||||||||
Faithful | Japan | 1992 | 2002 | DH | 45,720 | Initial Fleet | |||||||||
Total Handymax | 467,040 | ||||||||||||||
Handysize | |||||||||||||||
Tireless | Japan | 1980 | 2003 | SH | 31,766 | Initial Fleet | |||||||||
Prologue | Greece | 1985 | 2000 | SH | 29,990 | Initial Fleet | |||||||||
Yapi | Poland | 1989 | 2000 | SH | 29,998 | Initial Fleet | |||||||||
Total Handysize | 91,754 | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL COMBINED FLEET* | 1,140,704 |
DH = Double-hull tanker; SH = Single-hull tanker
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Fleet Characteristics
The vessels in our initial fleet have a total cargo capacity of approximately 454,000 dwt. The total cargo capacity of our combined fleet will be approximately 1,100,000 dwt, 92% of which will be double-hull design compared to 61% of the worldwide tanker fleet over 10,000 dwt. Seven of the vessels in our combined fleet are flagged in the Marshall Islands, 5 are flagged in Cyprus and 5 are flagged in Liberia. The 2 Suezmax tankers in our initial fleet are sister ships, as are the 2 Suezmax tankers and the 8 Handymax tankers we are acquiring. Sister ships enhance the revenue generating potential of our fleet by providing us with operational and scheduling flexibility. Sister ships also increases our operating efficiencies because technical knowledge can be applied to all vessels in a series and creates cost efficiencies and economies of scale when ordering spare parts, supplying and crewing these vessels. The vessels in our combined fleet that are sister ships are as follows:
Acquisition of 10 double-hull tankers from unaffiliated entities
We have entered into agreements to acquire 10 double-hull tankers from their current owners who are unaffiliated entities for a total purchase price of $251.2 million. The Identified Tankers consist of 8 Handymax tankers and 2 Suezmax tankers built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. and Halla Engineering & Heavy Industries Limited of the Republic of Korea. The Identified Tankers were built during 1991 and 1992. We have placed a cash deposit for the purchase of the Identified Tankers. Under the agreements, our acquisition of each tanker is subject to a number of conditions of delivery, including the successful completion of this offering for at least $90 million by July 30, 2004. We anticipate complete delivery of the Identified Tankers during the third quarter of 2004. We intend to apply approximately $118.9 million of the proceeds of this offering to finance these acquisitions. We plan to finance the balance of the purchase price through a senior secured credit facility under which we may borrow up to $222.0 million. The Identified Tankers are currently managed by Unicom Management, an unaffiliated ship management company based in Cyprus.
Chartering of the Fleet
We have entered into two-year time charter contracts for all 10 of our Handymax tankers which will commence upon the completion of this offering and our integration of these tankers into our fleet. Four of our Handymax tankers have a base rate of $14,500 per day. Should the vessels generate revenues in excess of the base rate over the duration of the time charter contact, we will receive 100% of the first $500 per day in excess of the base rate. Thereafter we will receive 50% of the excess. Six of our Handymax tankers have a base rate of $14,250 per day. Should the vessels generate revenues in excess of the base rate over the duration of the time charter contact, we will receive 100% of the first $250 per day in excess of the base rate. Thereafter we will receive 50% of the excess. Our 4 Suezmax tankers and our 3 Handysize tankers will operate on the spot market.
While our Suezmax tankers provide us with exposure to the spot voyage market, we will strive to enhance revenue stability by maintaining a significant part of our fleet in the Handymax sector. Spot voyage rates for Handymax tankers have historically exhibited a significantly lower degree of volatility than larger tankers. In addition, due to the cargo and trade route versatility of Handymax tankers there are often a number of time charters available at rates which have historically been more stable than Handymax tanker spot voyage rates. We anticipate that the relative stability of the Handymax sector coupled with our relatively low leverage may provide some degree of cash flow stability and support the sustainability of dividend payments.
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Customers
Under fixed period time charters and spot charters, we will provide services to many national, regional and international oil companies, charterers and oil traders, including Vitol, Petrobras and Glencore. In 2003, approximately 47% of our revenue for our fleet was derived from these 2 charterers:
Management of the Fleet
We have established TOP Tanker Management Inc., or TOP Tanker Management, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which will be responsible for all of the chartering, operational and technical management of our fleet, including crewing, maintenance, repair, capital expenditures, drydocking, vessel taxes, maintaining insurance and other vessel operating expenses under management agreements with our vessel owning subsidiaries. Prior to the completion of this offering, a related party, Primal Tankers Inc., or Primal, was responsible for the commercial and technical management of our initial fleet. Upon our acquisition of the Identified Tankers, TOP Tanker Management will subcontract the technical management of the Identified Tankers to Unicom Management, a ship management company based in Cyprus and will subcontract the technical management of the initial fleet to V.Ships Management Limited, a ship management company based in the Isle of Man. Under these agreements, TOP Tanker Management will pay Unicom Management and V.Ships Management monthly fees per vessel. Under the terms of these agreements, Unicom Management and V.Ships Management may be terminated at any time upon 3 months notice. The Identified Tankers currently are technically managed by Unicom Management. Top Tanker Management may subcontract the technical management of vessels acquired in the future to third-party technical management companies that are unaffiliated with us.
Crewing and Employees
As of the completion of this offering, we will have 2 employees, while our wholly-owned subsidiary, TOP Tanker Management, will employ approximately 11 employees, all of whom are shore-based. As of December 31, 2003, we had no employees. TOP Tanker Management will employ the senior officers onboard our vessels. TOP Tanker Management will ensure that all seamen have the qualifications and licenses required to comply with international regulations and shipping conventions, and that our vessels employ experienced and competent personnel.
Unicom Management and V.Ships Management will be responsible for the crewing of the fleet. Such responsibilities include training, transportation, compensation and insurance of the crew.
All of the employees of TOP Tanker Management are subject to a general collective bargaining agreement covering employees of shipping agents. These agreements set industry-wide minimum standards. We have not had any labor problems with our employees under this collective bargaining agreement and consider our workplace and labor union relations to be good.
Environmental and Other Regulation
Government regulation significantly affects the ownership and operation of our tankers. They are subject to international conventions, national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or are registered.
A variety of governmental and private entities subject our vessels to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections. These entities include the local port authorities (U.S. Coast Guard, harbor master or equivalent), classification societies, flag state administration (country of registry) and charterers, particularly terminal operators and oil companies. Certain of these entities require us to obtain permits, licenses and certificates for the operation of our tankers. Failure to maintain necessary
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permits or approvals could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of our vessels.
We believe that the heightened level of environmental and quality concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers is leading to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry. Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for vessels that conform to the stricter environmental standards. We are required to maintain operating standards for all of our vessels that will emphasize operational safety, quality maintenance, continuous training of our officers and crews and compliance with U.S. and international regulations. We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations; however, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels.
Environmental Regulation—IMO
In 1992, the International Maritime Organization, or IMO (the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of marine pollution by ships), adopted regulations that set forth pollution prevention requirements applicable to tankers. These regulations, which have been adopted by more than 150 nations, including many of the jurisdictions in which our tankers operate, provide, in part, that:
Also, under IMO regulations, a tanker must be of double-hull construction or a mid-deck design with double sided construction or be of another approved design ensuring the same level of protection against oil pollution if the tanker:
Effective September 2002, the IMO accelerated its existing timetable for the phase-out of single-hull oil tankers. These regulations require the phase-out of most single-hull oil tankers by 2015 or earlier, depending on the age of the tanker and whether it has segregated ballast tanks. After 2007, the maximum permissible age for single-hull tankers will be 26 years. Our 3 Handysize tankers, or 8% of our fleet by dwt, will be phased out from carrying oil and oil products as of 2015. Compliance with the new regulations regarding inspections of all tankers, however, could adversely affect our operations. Under current regulations, retrofitting will enable a tanker to operate until the earlier of 25 years of age and the anniversary date of its delivery in 2017. However, as a result of the oil spill in November 2002 relating to the loss of the m.t.Prestige, which was owned by a company not affiliated with us, in December 2003 the Marine Environmental Protection Committee of the IMO adopted a proposed amendment to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships to accelerate the phase out of single-hull tankers from 2015 to 2010 unless the relevant flag states extend
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the date to 2015. This proposed amendment will come into effect in April 2005 unless objected to by a sufficient number of member states.
The IMO has also negotiated international conventions that impose liability for oil pollution in international waters and a signatory's territorial waters. In September 1997, the IMO adopted Annex VI to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships to address air pollution from ships. Annex VI is expected to be ratified by the end of 2003, and will become effective 12 months after ratification. Annex VI, when it becomes effective, will set limits on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibit deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons. Annex VI also includes a global cap on the sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions. We are formulating a plan to comply with the Annex VI regulations once they come into effect. Compliance with these regulations could require the installation of expensive emission control systems and could have an adverse financial impact on the operation of our vessels. Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted that could adversely affect our ability to manage our ships.
Under the International Safety Management Code, or ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO, the party with operational control of a vessel is required to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We will rely upon the safety management system that we and our third party technical managers have developed.
The ISM Code requires that vessel operators obtain a safety management certificate for each vessel they operate. This certificate evidences compliance by a vessel's management with code requirements for a safety management system. No vessel can obtain a certificate unless its manager has been awarded a document of compliance, issued by each flag state, under the ISM Code. We have the requisite documents of compliance for our offices and safety management certificates for all of our tankers for which the certificates are required by the IMO. We are required to renew these documents of compliance and safety management certificates annually.
Noncompliance with the ISM Code and other IMO regulations may subject the shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports. For example, the U.S. Coast Guard and European Union authorities have indicated that vessels not in compliance with the ISM Code will be prohibited from trading in U.S. and European Union ports.
Although the United States is not a party to these conventions, many countries have ratified and follow the liability plan adopted by the IMO and set out in the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969. Under this convention, if the country in which the damage results is a party to the 1992 Protocol to the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused in the territorial waters of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject to certain complete defenses. Under an amendment to the Protocol that became effective on November 1, 2003, for vessels of 5,000 to 140,000 gross tons (a unit of measurement for the total enclosed spaces within a vessel), liability is limited to approximately $6.5 million plus $909 for each additional gross ton over 5,000. For vessels of over 140,000 gross tons, liability is limited to approximately $129.3 million. As the convention calculates liability in terms of a basket of currencies, these figures are based on currency exchange rates on May 10, 2004. The right to limit liability is forfeited under the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage where the spill is caused by the owner's actual fault and under the 1992 Protocol where the spill is caused by the owner's intentional or reckless conduct. Vessels trading to states that are parties to these conventions must provide evidence of insurance covering the liability of the owner. In jurisdictions where the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution
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Damage has not been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to that convention. We believe that our P&I insurance will cover the liability under the plan adopted by the IMO.
U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
The United States regulates the tanker industry with an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills, consisting primarily of the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade with the United States or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the United States, which include the U.S. territorial sea and the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. CERCLA applies to the discharge of hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.
Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers are "responsible parties" who are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels. These other damages are defined broadly to include:
OPA limits the liability of responsible parties to the greater of $1,200 per gross ton or $10 million per tanker that is over 3,000 gross tons (subject to possible adjustment for inflation). The act specifically permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries, and some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of pollutants within their waters. In some cases, states that have enacted this type of legislation have not yet issued implementing regulations defining tanker owners' responsibilities under these laws. CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of tankers, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup and removal of hazardous substances and for natural resource damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5 million.
These limits of liability do not apply, however, where the incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. These limits do not apply if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the substance removal activities. OPA and CERCLA each preserve the right to recover damages under existing law, including maritime tort law.
OPA also requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the limit of their potential strict liability under the act. The U.S. Coast Guard has enacted regulations requiring evidence of financial responsibility in the amount of $1,500 per gross ton for tankers, coupling the OPA limitation on liability of $1,200 per gross ton with the CERCLA liability limit of $300 per gross ton. Under these regulations, an owner or operator of more than one tanker is required to obtain a certificate of responsibility for each vessel in the fleet in an amount equal only to the financial responsibility requirement of the tanker having the greatest maximum strict liability under OPA and CERCLA. We have provided
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evidence of financial responsibility in the form of guarantees issued by a guarantor approved by the U.S. Coast Guard and received certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S. Coast Guard for each of our vessels that calls in U.S. waters.
We insure each of our vessels with pollution liability insurance in the maximum commercially available amount of $1.0 billion per incident per vessel. A catastrophic spill could exceed the insurance coverage available, in which event there could be a material adverse effect on our business.
OPA also amended the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to require owners or operators of tankers operating in the waters of the United States to file vessel response plans with the U.S. Coast Guard, and their tankers are required to operate in compliance with their U.S. Coast Guard approved plans. These response plans must, among other things:
Vessel response plans for our tankers operating in the waters of the United States have been approved by the U.S. Coast Guard. In addition, the U.S. Coast Guard has announced it intends to propose similar regulations requiring certain vessels to prepare response plans for the release of hazardous substances. We are responsible for ensuring our vessels comply with any additional regulations.
OPA does not prevent individual states from imposing their own liability regimes with respect to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries. In fact, most U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.
European Union Tanker Restrictions
In July 2003, in response to the m.t.Prestige oil spill in November 2002, the European Union adopted legislation that prohibits all single-hull tankers from entering into its ports or offshore terminals by 2010. The European Union has also banned all single-hull tankers carrying heavy grades of oil from entering or leaving its ports or offshore terminals or anchoring in areas under its jurisdiction. Commencing in 2005, certain single-hull tankers above 15 years of age will also be restricted from entering or leaving European Union ports or offshore terminals and anchoring in areas under European Union jurisdiction. The European Union is also considering legislation that would: (1) ban manifestly sub-standard vessels (defined as those more than 15 years old that have been detained by port authorities at least twice in a six month period) from European waters and create an obligation of port states to inspect vessels posing a high risk to maritime safety or the marine environment; and (2) provide the European Union with greater authority and control over classification societies, including the ability to seek to suspend or revoke the authority of negligent societies. The sinking of the m.t.Prestige and resulting oil spill in November 2002 has led to the adoption of other environmental regulations by certain European Union nations, which could adversely affect the remaining useful lives of all of our tankers and our ability to generate income from them. For example, Italy announced a ban of single-hull crude oil tankers over 5,000 dwt from most Italian ports, effective April 2001. Spain has announced a similar prohibition. It is impossible to predict what legislation or additional regulations, if any, may be promulgated by the European Union or any other country or authority.
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Vessel Security Regulations
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA) came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. Similarly, in December 2002, amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security. The new chapter is scheduled to go into effect in July 2004 and will impose various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the newly created International Ship and Port Facilities Security (ISPS) Code. Among the various requirements are:
The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt non-U.S. tankers from MTSA vessel security measures provided such vessels have on board, by July 1, 2004, a valid International Ship Security Certificate (ISSC) that attests to the vessel's compliance with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code. We will implement the various security measures addressed by the MTSA, SOLAS and the ISPS Code and ensure that our tankers attain compliance with all applicable security requirements within the prescribed time periods. We do not believe these additional requirements will have a material financial impact on our operations.
Inspection by Classification Societies
Every seagoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society. The classification society certifies that the vessel is "in class," signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
The classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and checks that are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state. These surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the regulations of the country concerned.
For maintenance of the class, regular and extraordinary surveys of hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment classed are required to be performed as follows:
Annual Surveys: For seagoing ships, annual surveys are conducted for the hull and the machinery, including the electrical plant, and where applicable for special equipment classed, at intervals of 12 months from the date of commencement of the class period indicated in the certificate.
Intermediate Surveys: Extended annual surveys are referred to as intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and one-half years after commissioning and each class renewal. Intermediate surveys may be carried out on the occasion of the second or third annual survey.
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Class Renewal Surveys: Class renewal surveys, also known as special surveys, are carried out for the ship's hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals indicated by the character of classification for the hull. At the special survey, the vessel is thoroughly examined, including audio-gauging to determine the thickness of the steel structures. Should the thickness be found to be less than class requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel renewals. The classification society may grant a one-year grace period for completion of the special survey. Substantial amounts of money may have to be spent for steel renewals to pass a special survey if the vessel experiences excessive wear and tear. In lieu of the special survey every four or five years, depending on whether a grace period was granted, a shipowner has the option of arranging with the classification society for the vessel's hull or machinery to be on a continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be surveyed within a five-year cycle.
At an owner's application, the surveys required for class renewal may be split according to an agreed schedule to extend over the entire period of class. This process is referred to as continuous class renewal.
All areas subject to survey as defined by the classification society are required to be surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals between surveys are prescribed elsewhere. The period between two subsequent surveys of each area must not exceed five years.
Most vessels are also dry-docked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections. If any defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a "recommendation" which must be rectified by the ship owner within prescribed time limits.
Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as "in class" by a classification society which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies. All our vessels are certified as being "in class" by the American Bureau of Shipping or Lloyd's Register of Shipping. All new and secondhand vessels that we purchase must be certified prior to their delivery under our standard contracts and memorandum of agreement. If the vessel is not certified on the date of closing, we have no obligation to take delivery of the vessel.
Risk of Loss and Liability Insurance
General
The operation of any cargo vessel includes risks such as mechanical failure, collision, property loss, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade. OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and demise charterers of any vessel trading in the United States exclusive economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the United States market. While we intend to carry loss of hire insurance to cover nearly 100% of our combined fleet, we may not be able to achieve or maintain this level of coverage. Furthermore, while we believe that our present insurance coverage is adequate, not all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates.
Hull and Machinery Insurance
We have obtained marine hull and machinery and war risk insurance, which includes the risk of actual or constructive total loss, for all of our vessels. The vessels are each covered up to at least fair market value, with deductibles of $100,000 per vessel per incident. We also arranged increased value coverage for each vessel. Under this increased value coverage, in the event of total loss of a vessel, we will be able recover for amounts not recoverable under the hull and machinery policy by reason of any under-insurance.
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Protection and Indemnity Insurance
Protection and indemnity insurance is provided by mutual protection and indemnity associations, or P&I Associations, which covers our third party liabilities in connection with our shipping activities. This includes third-party liability and other related expenses of injury or death of crew, passengers and other third parties, loss or damage to cargo, claims arising from collisions with other vessels, damage to other third-party property, pollution arising from oil or other substances, and salvage, towing and other related costs, including wreck removal. Protection and indemnity insurance is a form of mutual indemnity insurance, extended by protection and indemnity mutual associations, or "clubs." Subject to the "capping" discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is unlimited.
Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution is $1 billion per vessel per incident. The fourteen P&I Associations that comprise the International Group insure approximately 90% of the world's commercial tonnage and have entered into a pooling agreement to reinsure each association's liabilities. Each P&I Association has capped its exposure to this pooling agreement at $4.25 billion. As a member of a P&I Association, which is a member of the International Group, we are subject to calls payable to the associations based on its claim records as well as the claim records of all other members of the individual associations, and members of the pool of P&I Associations comprising the International Group.
Competition
We operate in markets that are highly competitive and based primarily on supply and demand. We compete for charters on the basis of price, vessel location, size, age and condition of the vessel, as well as on our reputation as an operator. We arrange our time charters and voyage charters in the spot market through the use of brokers, who negotiate the terms of the charters based on market conditions. We compete primarily with owners of tankers in the Suezmax and Handymax class sizes. Ownership of tankers is highly fragmented and is divided among major oil companies and independent tanker owners.
Legal Proceedings
Proceedings against us
We are party, as plaintiff or defendant, to a variety of lawsuits for damages arising principally from personal injury and property casualty claims. Most claims are covered by insurance, subject to customary deductibles. We believe that these claims will not, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on us, our financial condition or results of operations. From time to time in the future we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, principally personal injury and property casualty claims. Those claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. We have not been involved in any legal proceedings which may have, or have had a significant effect on our financial position, nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened which may have a significant effect on our financial position.
Properties
We have no freehold or leasehold interest in any real property. We lease office space in Athens, Greece from Pyramis Technical Co., SA which is wholly-owned by John Pistiolis, the father of our Chief Executive Officer.
New Credit Facility
We have accepted an offer letter from The Royal Bank of Scotland plc in which it has agreed, subject to some preconditions, to provide us with a new senior secured credit facility to partially finance the acquisition of the Identified Tankers and to refinance all of our existing senior secured indebtedness, other than the debt in respect of one of our Handysize vessels, theTireless. The new
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credit facility is expected to be in the committed amount of $222.0 million. The new credit facility will be divided into two tranches of $197 million and $25 million, respectively. The new credit facility is expected to be collateralized by mortgages and other related security on 16 of the 17 vessels in our combined fleet. The new credit facility will contain financial covenants requiring us to: ensure that the aggregate value of the mortgaged vessels at all times exceed 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the new credit facility; maintain minimum cash balances with the lender in the amount of $10 million on a monthly average basis and $5 million at all times; ensure that our total assets minus our debt will not at any time be less than $150 million and will at all times exceed a ratio of 35%; ensure that EBITDA will at all times exceed 120% of the aggregate of interest expenses and debt due at a particular period; and meet minimum working capital requirements. The credit facility also contains general covenants that will require us to maintain adequate insurance coverage and obtain the bank's consent before we incur new indebtedness that is secured by the mortgaged vessels. In addition, the new credit facility will prohibit us, without the lender's consent, from appointing a chief executive officer other than Evangelos Pistiolis and requires that the mortgaged vessels are managed by TOP Tanker Management, which will subcontract the technical management of the mortgaged vessels to V.Ships Management Limited, Unicom Management and any other company acceptable to the lender. We will be permitted to pay dividends under the new credit facility so long as we are not in default of a loan covenant. We expect to draw the full $222.0 million under new credit facility. If we draw that amount, we will be obligated to repay the principal amount of the loans under the $197 million tranche in 16 consecutive semi-annual installments of $10 million each, commencing no later than March 31, 2005, together with a final installment of $37 million and we will be obligated to repay the principal amount of the loans under the $25 million tranche in 4 consecutive semi-annual installments of $6.25 million each, commencing no later than February 28, 2005. The credit facility will allow us, subject to certain conditions, to defer up to two non-consecutive payments of the first ten scheduled principal payments on the $197 million tranche of $10 million each, provided that a fee of 1% shall be payable on any deferred installment and a maximum of $20,000,000 may be deferred at any time. The initial interest rate on the $197 million tranche will be 100 basis points over LIBOR. The interest rate on the $197 million tranche will be adjusted quarterly to 100 basis points over LIBOR if the ratio of the outstanding loan balance to the aggregate value of our vessels securing the loan is less than or equal to 60%; 112.5 basis points over LIBOR if this ratio is greater than 60% but less than 70%; or 125 basis points over LIBOR if this ratio is greater than 70%. The initial interest rate on the $25 million tranche will be 175 basis points over LIBOR and will increase to 200 basis points over LIBOR after December 31, 2004. A fee of 1.0% of the value of the loan will be payable upon the date that we sign the loan agreement, and a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum shall accrue on the amount of the undrawn balance from the date that we sign the offer letter which shall be payable one month in arrears and on the date of the drawdown. The new credit facility is conditioned on, among other things, our having raised net proceeds (after costs and expenses) of at least $124.0 million in this offering and the confirmation that at least 20% of the issued and outstanding shares are owned by members of the Pistiolis family immediately after the offering. The loans will mature 8 years after we enter into the credit facility. If the full committed amount is not fully drawn down by us prior to September 30, 2004, the undrawn amount will be cancelled by the bank.
The only loan that we do not intend to refinance under the new credit facility is a loan entered into in June 2003 with Piraeus Bank A.E. in the original principal amount of $2.1 million to partially finance the purchase of our Handysize tankerTireless, of which $1.6 million is currently outstanding. The loan is secured by a mortgage and related security on theTireless and requires that we repay the principal of the loan in 12 quarterly installments of $137,500 and a final installment of $450,000. The loan bears interest at a rate of 200 basis points plus LIBOR on the outstanding loan balance. Interest shall generally be payable with principal. The loan requires that the value of theTireless must be equal to or greater than 125% of the outstanding principal amount of the loan and contains other general loan covenants and events of default.
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Directors and Executive Officers
Set forth below are the names, ages and positions of our directors, executive officers and key employees. Our board of directors is elected annually on a staggered basis, and each director elected holds office for a three-year term. Officers are elected from time to time by vote of our board of directors and hold office until a successor is elected.
Name | Age | Position | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Thomas F. Jackson | 56 | Director and Chairman of the Board | ||
Evangelos J. Pistiolis | 31 | Director, President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Stamatios N. Tsantanis | 32 | Director and Chief Financial Officer | ||
Vangelis G. Ikonomou | 39 | Director | ||
Michael G. Docherty | 45 | Director | ||
Christopher J. Thomas | 44 | Director | ||
Roy Gibbs | 55 | Director | ||
Stavros Emmanuel | 62 | Chief Operating Officer of TOP Tanker Management Inc. | ||
George Goumopoulos | 55 | Chief Technical Officer of TOP Tanker Management Inc. | ||
George Economou | 64 | Secretary |
Biographical information with respect to each of our directors and executives is set forth below.
Thomas Jackson is the Chairman of our Board of Directors. In 2000, Mr. Jackson established Parlos Finance Corporation as a provider of financial consultancy services to Primal Tankers Inc. and other select shipping companies. From 1967 to 1999, Mr. Jackson served in a number of capacities with National Westminster Bank, including head of shipping in Greece. Mr. Jackson is an Associate of the Chartered Institute of Bankers (ACIB).
Evangelos J. Pistiolis founded our company in 2000, is our President and Chief Executive Officer and serves on our Board of Directors. Mr. Pistiolis graduated from Southampton Institute of Higher Education in 1999 where he studied shipping operations and from Technical University of Munich in 1994 with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering. His career in shipping started in 1992 when he was involved with the day to day operations of a small fleet of dry bulk carriers. From 1994 through 1995 he worked at Howe Robinson & Co. Ltd., a London shipbroker specializing in container vessels. While studying at the Southampton Institute of Higher Education, Mr. Pistiolis oversaw the daily operations of Compass United Maritime Container Vessels, a ship management company located in Greece.
Stamatios N. Tsantanis is our Chief Financial Officer and serves on our Board of Directors. Mr. Tsantanis has been employed with Alpha Finance, a member of the Alpha Bank group, a leading Greek financial institution, over the past five years. In his capacity as a senior investment banker he participated in a number of equity, debt and convertible securities offerings in Europe and the United States in the transportation sector and shipping in particular. Mr. Tsantanis holds a Masters degree in Shipping Trade and Finance from the City University Business School and an undergraduate degree in Shipping Economics from the University of Piraeus.
Vangelis G. Ikonomou serves on our Board of Directors. Mr. Ikonomou has been Chief Operating Officer of Primal Tankers Inc. since 2002. From 2000 to 2002, Mr. Ikonomou worked at George Moundreas Co. SA with primary responsibility for vessel sales and purchase activity and initiated
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shipping industry research and analysis. From 1993 to 2000, Mr. Ikonomou worked for Eastern Mediterranean Maritime Ltd., a ship management company, in the commercial and safety and quality departments.
Michael G. Docherty serves on our Board of Directors. Mr. Docherty is a founding partner of Independent Average Adjusters Ltd., an insurance claims adjusting firm located in Athens, Greece, which he co-founded in 1997. Mr. Docherty has 23 years of international experience handling maritime insurance claims.
Christopher J. Thomas serves on our Board of Directors. Since November 2001, Mr. Thomas has been an independent financial consultant to numerous international shipowning and operating companies. From 1999 to 2001, Mr. Thomas was the chief financial officer and a director of Excel Maritime Carriers Ltd., an international shipping company listed on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol "EXM." Prior to joining Excel, he was Financial Manager of Cardiff Marine Inc. Mr. Thomas holds a degree in Business Administration from Crawley University, England.
Roy Gibbs serves on our Board of Directors. Mr. Gibbs has been the chief executive officer of Standard Chartered Grindlays Bank, Greece, formerly ANZ Grindlays, since 1992. From 1988 to 1992, Mr. Gibbs was the chief manager of domestic banking at ANZ Grindlays, London. Prior to that he was assistant director for property, construction and shipping at ANZ London. Mr. Gibbs joined National and Grindlays Bank in 1965.
Captain Stavros Emmanuel is the Chief Operating Officer of TOP Tanker Management, Inc. Prior to joining TOP Tanker Management, Captain Emmanuel served as General Manager of Primal Tankers Inc., where his responsibilities included chartering, operations and technical management. Prior to joining Primal Tankers in 2000, Captain Emmanuel worked in various management capacities for Compass United Maritime Container Vessels. Captain Emmanuel obtained a Naval Officers degree from ASDEN Nautical Academy of Aspropirgos, Greece and earned a Master Mariners degree in 1971.
George Goumopoulos is the Chief Technical Officer of TOP Tanker Management, Inc. Prior to joining TOP Tanker Management, Mr. Goumopoulos served as Technical Manager of Primal Tankers Inc. From 1981 to 2003 Mr. Goumopoulos worked for Athenian Sea Carriers as Fleet Manager, Deputy Technical Manager and finally as Technical Manager. Mr. Goumopoulos holds a Bachelor degree from the University of Michigan, USA in Marine Engineering and Naval Architecture, where he also completed his postgraduate studies in the same fields. He holds a Diploma from NTUA (EMA Athens) in Marine Engineering and Electrical Engineering.
George Economou is our Secretary. Mr. Economou's principal occupation for the past 5 years is as an attorney. Mr. Economou is the senior partner of G.C. Economou & Associates, a Greek law firm, one of the senior partners of Chrysses Demetriades & Co., a Cyprus law firm, and an English Barrister practicing from Quadrant Chambers in London. He is an advocate of the Supreme Court of Greece (Areios Pagos) and an advocate of the Supreme Court of Cyprus. He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, a member of the Academy of Experts and a Qualified Dispute Resolver.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We have established an audit committee comprised of three members which will be responsible for reviewing our accounting controls and recommending to the board of directors the engagement of our outside auditors. Each member is an independent director. While we are exempt from Nasdaq National Market rules on independent directors, we intend to conform to those rules. We have established a compensation committee comprised of three members, which will be responsible for establishing executive officers' compensation and benefits. The members of the audit committee and the compensation committee are Messrs. Jackson, Docherty and Thomas.
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Compensation of Directors and Senior Management
We did not pay any compensation to members of senior management or our directors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 or for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003. We did not pay any benefits in 2002 or 2003. Beginning in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004, non-executive directors will receive annual fees in the aggregate amount of $220,000 plus reimbursement of their out-of-pocket expenses. We do not have a retirement plan for our officers or directors.
Equity Incentive Plan
We expect to adopt an equity incentive plan, or the Plan, which will entitle our officers, key employees and directors to receive options to acquire common stock. Under the Plan, a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock will be reserved for issuance under the Plan. The Plan will be administered by our board of directors. Under the terms of the Plan, our board of directors would be able to grant new options exercisable at a price per share to be determined by our board of directors. We expect that the price will be equal to the average daily closing price for our common stock over the 20 trading days following the closing of this offering. Under the terms of the Plan, no options would be able to be exercised until at least two years after the closing of this offering. Any shares received on exercise of the options would not be able to be sold until three years after the closing of this offering. All options will expire 10 years from the date of grant. The Plan will expire 10 years from the closing of this offering.
Employment Agreements
We intend to enter into employment agreements with Evangelos Pistiolis, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director and Stamatios Tsantanis, our Chief Financial Officer and Director, as well as our other senior executives. Each of these employment agreements is expected to have a maximum term of three years from the date of the closing of this offering.
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PRINCIPAL AND SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth information regarding (i) the owners of more than five percent of our common stock that we are aware of and (ii) the total amount of capital stock owned by all of our officers and directors, individually and as a group, in each case as of December 31, 2003, and after giving effect to this offering. All of the shareholders, including the shareholders listed in this table, are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held.
Title of Class | Identity of Person or Group | Amount Owned | Percent of Class Before Common Stock Offering | After Common Stock Offering(1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share | Sovereign Holdings Inc.* | 1,200,000 | 20 | % | 6.7 | % | |||
Kingdom Holdings Inc.** | 4,800,000 | 80 | % | 20.4 | %(2) | ||||
Evangelos Pistiolis*** | 1,200,000 | 20 | % | 6.7 | % | ||||
All officers and directors as a group | 1,200,000 | 20 | % | 6.7 | % |
We lease office space in Athens, Greece from Pyramis Technical Co., SA, which is wholly-owned by John Pistiolis, the father of our Chief Executive Officer. We believe that the rates of our lease are no greater than would be incurred with a third party on an arm's length basis. During 2000 we provided a short-term non interest bearing loan to three affiliated shipowning companies, each owning a container vessel, for an amount of approximately $1.7 million for working capital purposes. During 2001 these affiliated companies sold their container vessels and became dormant. The proceeds from the sales were not sufficient to fully repay the amounts due to us and an amount of approximately $1.3 million was written-off as uncollectible in the accompanying 2001 consolidated statement of income.
The registrar and transfer agent for the common stock is Computershare Investor Services LLC.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Upon completion of this offering, we will have 18,278,570 shares of common stock outstanding or 20,278,070 shares if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full. Of these shares, only the 13,330,000 shares sold in this offering, or 15,329,500 shares if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, will be freely transferable in the United States without restriction under the
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Securities Act, except for any shares purchased by one of our "affiliates", which will be subject to the resale limitations of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. After the consummation of this offering, Sovereign Holdings, a company wholly-owned by Evangelos Pistiolis, and Kingdom Holdings, a company wholly-owned primarily by another member of the Pistiolis family and to a limited extent by a third party will continue to own 4,948,570 shares of common stock which were acquired in private transactions not involving a public offering and these shares are therefore treated as "restricted securities" for purposes of Rule 144. The restricted securities held by Sovereign Holdings will be subject to the underwriters' 360-day lock-up agreement and the restricted securities held by Kingdom Holdings will be subject to the underwriter's 180-day lock-up agreement. Restricted securities may not be resold except in compliance with the registration requirements of the Securities Act or under an exemption from those registration requirements, such as the exemptions provided by Rule 144, Regulation S and other exemptions under the Securities Act.
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person or persons whose shares are aggregated, who owns shares that were acquired from the issuer or an affiliate at least one year ago, would be entitled to sell within any three-month period, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of (i) 1% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock, which would be approximately 1.3 million shares immediately after this offering, or (ii) an amount equal to the average weekly reported volume of trading in shares of our common stock on all national securities exchanges and/or reported through the automated quotation system of registered securities associations during the four calendar weeks preceding the date on which notice of the sale is filed with the Commission. Sales in reliance on Rule 144 are also subject to other requirements regarding the manner of sale, notice and availability of current public information about us. A person or persons whose shares are aggregated, who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at any time during the 90 days immediately preceding the sale may sell restricted securities in reliance on Rule 144(k) without regard to the limitations described above, provided that two years have expired since the later of the date on which the same restricted securities were acquired from us or one of our affiliates. As defined in Rule 144, an "affiliate" of an issuer is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, that same issuer.
Our directors and officers and some of our management employees have agreed during the period beginning from the date of the prospectus and continuing to and including the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus, not to offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any of our securities which are substantially similar to the common stock or which are convertible or exchangeable into securities which are substantially similar to the common stock, without the prior written consent of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
As a result a result of these lock-up agreements and rules of the Securities Act, the restricted shares will be available for sale in the public market, subject to certain volume and other restrictions, as mentioned above, as follows:
Days After the Date of this Prospectus | Number of Shares Eligible for Sale | Comment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Date of prospectus | 13,330,000 | Shares not locked up and eligible for sale freely or under Rule 144 | ||
180 days | 17,058,570 | Lock-up released; shares eligible for sale under Rule 144 | ||
360 days | 18,278,570 | Lock-up released; shares eligible for sale under Rule 144 |
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and no prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future sales or the availability of shares for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Nevertheless, sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, including shares issued upon the exercise of options that may be granted under any employee stock option or employee stock award plan of ours, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock.
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Under our articles of incorporation, our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 million shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of which 6,000,000 shares are issued and outstanding. All of our shares of stock are in registered form.
Common Stock
As of the date of this prospectus, we have 6,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding out of 50,000,000 shares authorized to be issued. Upon consummation of this offering, we will have outstanding 18,278,570 shares of common stock or 20,278,070 shares if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full. Each outstanding share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of shares of common stock are entitled to receive ratably all dividends, if any, declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for dividends. Holders of common stock do not have conversion, redemption or preemptive rights to subscribe to any of our securities. All outstanding shares of common stock are, and the shares to be sold in this offering when issued and paid for will be, fully paid and nonassessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of preferred stock which we may issue in the future.
Other Matters
Our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws. Our purpose, as stated in Section B of our Articles of Incorporation, is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may now or hereafter be organized under the Marshall Islands Business Corporations Act. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws do not impose any limitations on the ownership rights of our shareholders.
Under our bylaws, annual shareholder meetings will be held at a time and place selected by our board of directors. The meetings may be held in our outside of the Marshall Islands. Special meetings may be called by shareholders holding not less than one-tenth of all the outstanding shares entitled to vote at such meeting. Our board of directors may set a record date between 15 and 60 days before the date of any meeting to determine the shareholders that will be eligible to receive notice and vote at the meeting.
Directors. Our directors are elected by a majority of the votes cast by shareholders entitled to vote. There is no provision for cumulative voting.
The board of directors must consist of at least one member. Shareholders may change the number of directors only by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding common stock. The board of directors may change the number of directors only by a majority vote of the entire board. Each director shall be elected to serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, except in the event of his death, resignation, removal, or the earlier termination of his term of office. The board of directors has the authority to fix the amounts which shall be payable to the members of our board of directors for attendance at any meeting or for services rendered to us.
Dividends. While we cannot assure you that we will continue to do so, and subject to the limitations discussed below, we currently intend to pay regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis, beginning with a dividend of $0.21 per share in January 2005.
Declaration and payment of any dividend is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. The timing and amount of dividend payments will be dependent upon our earnings, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, restrictions in our loan agreements, the provisions of Marshall Islands law affecting the payment of distributions to shareholders and other factors. Because we are a
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holding company with no material assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries, our ability to pay dividends will depend on the earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to us. Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the payment of dividends other than from surplus or while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent.
Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal and Payment. Under the Business Corporation Act of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or BCA, our shareholders have the right to dissent from various corporate actions, including any merger or sale of all or substantially all of our assets not made in the usual course of our business, and receive payment of the fair value of their shares. In the event of any further amendment of the articles, a shareholder also has the right to dissent and receive payment for his or her shares if the amendment alters certain rights in respect of those shares. The dissenting shareholder must follow the procedures set forth in the BCA to receive payment. In the event that we and any dissenting shareholder fail to agree on a price for the shares, the BCA procedures involve, among other things, the institution of proceedings in the circuit court in the judicial circuit in the Marshall Islands in which our Marshall Islands office is situated. The value of the shares of the dissenting shareholder is fixed by the court after reference, if the court so elects, to the recommendations of a court-appointed appraiser.
Shareholders' Derivative Actions. Under the BCA, any of our shareholders may bring an action in our name to procure a judgment in our favor, also known as a derivative action, provided that the shareholder bringing the action is a holder of common stock both at the time the derivative action is commenced and at the time of the transaction to which the action relates.
Anti-takeover Provisions of our Charter Documents. Several provisions of our articles of incorporation and by-laws may have anti-takeover effects. These provisions are intended to avoid costly takeover battles, lessen our vulnerability to a hostile change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize shareholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire us. However, these anti-takeover provisions, which are summarized below, could also discourage, delay or prevent (1) the merger or acquisition of our company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise, that a shareholder may consider in its best interest and (2) the removal of incumbent officers and directors.
Blank Check Preferred Stock
Under the terms of our articles of incorporation, our board of directors has authority, without any further vote or action by our shareholders, to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. Our board of directors may issue shares of preferred stock on terms calculated to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or the removal of our management.
Classified Board of Directors
Our articles of incorporation provide for the division of our board of directors into three classes of directors, with each class as nearly equal in number as possible, serving staggered, three-year terms. Approximately one-third of our board of directors will be elected each year. This classified board provision could discourage a third party from making a tender offer for our shares or attempting to obtain control of our company. It could also delay shareholders who do not agree with the policies of the board of directors from removing a majority of the board of directors for two years.
Election and Removal of Directors
Our articles of incorporation prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors. Our by-laws require parties other than the board of directors to give advance written notice of nominations for the election of directors. Our articles of incorporation also provide that our directors may be removed only
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for cause and only upon the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote for those directors. These provisions may discourage, delay or prevent the removal of incumbent officers and directors.
Limited Actions by Shareholders
Our articles of incorporation and our by-laws provide that any action required or permitted to be taken by our shareholders must be effected at an annual or special meeting of shareholders or by the unanimous written consent of our shareholders. Our articles of incorporation and our by-laws provide that, subject to certain exceptions, only our board of directors may call special meetings of our shareholders and the business transacted at the special meeting is limited to the purposes stated in the notice. Accordingly, a shareholder may be prevented from calling a special meeting for shareholder consideration of a proposal over the opposition of our board of directors and shareholder consideration of a proposal may be delayed until the next annual meeting.
CERTAIN MARSHALL ISLANDS COMPANY CONSIDERATIONS
Our corporate affairs are governed by our articles of incorporation and bylaws and by the Business Corporation Act of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or BCA. The provisions of the BCA resemble provisions of the corporation laws of a number of states in the United States. For example, the BCA allows the adoption of various anti-takeover measures such as shareholder "rights" plans. While the BCA also provides that it is to be in interpreted according to the laws of the State of Delaware and other states with substantially similar legislative provisions, there have been few, if any, court cases interpreting the BCA in the Marshall Islands and we can not predict whether Marshall Islands courts would reach the same conclusions as U.S. courts. Thus, you may have more difficulty in protecting your interests in the face of actions by the management, directors or controlling stockholders than would stockholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction which has developed a substantial body of case law. The following table provides a comparison between the statutory provisions of the BCA and the Delaware General Corporation Law relating to shareholders' rights.
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Marshall Islands | Delaware | |||||||||
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Shareholder Meetings | ||||||||||
• | Held at a time and place as designated in the bylaws | • | May be held at such time or place as designated in the certificate of incorporation or the bylaws, or if not so designated, as determined by the board of directors | |||||||
• | May be held within or without the Marshall Islands | • | May be held within or without Delaware | |||||||
• | Notice: | • | Notice: | |||||||
• | Whenever shareholders are required to take action at a meeting, written notice shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting and indicate that it is being issued by or at the direction of the person calling the meeting | • | Whenever stockholders are required to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any | |||||||
• | A copy of the notice of any meeting shall be given personally or sent by mail not less than 15 nor more than 60 days before the meeting | • | Written notice shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the meeting | |||||||
Shareholder's Voting Rights | ||||||||||
• | Any action required to be taken by meeting of shareholders may be taken without meeting if consent is in writing and is signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote | • | Stockholders may act by written consent to elect directors | |||||||
• | Any person authorized to vote may authorize another person to act for him by proxy | • | Any person authorized to vote may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy | |||||||
• | Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, a majority of shares entitled to vote constitutes a quorum. In no event shall a quorum consist of fewer than one third of the shares entitled to vote at a meeting | • | For non-stock companies, certificate of incorporation or bylaws may specify the number of members to constitute a quorum. In the absence of this, one-third of the members shall constitute a quorum | |||||||
• | No provision for cumulative voting | • | For stock corporations, certificate of incorporation or bylaws may specify the number to constitute a quorum but in no event shall a quorum consist of less than one-third of shares entitled to vote at a meeting. In the absence of such specifications, a majority of shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum | |||||||
• | The certificate of incorporation may provide for cumulative voting | |||||||||
Directors | ||||||||||
• | Board must consist of at least one member | • | Board must consist of at least one member | |||||||
• | Number of members can be changed by an amendment to the bylaws, by the shareholders, or by action of the board | • | Number of board members shall be fixed by the bylaws, unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, in which case a change in the number shall be made only by amendment of the certificate | |||||||
• | If the board is authorized to change the number of directors, it can only do so by an absolute majority (majority of the entire board) | |||||||||
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Dissenter's Rights of Appraisal | ||||||||||
• | Shareholder's have a right to dissent from a merger or sale of all or substantially all assets not made in the usual course of business, and receive payment of the fair value of their shares | • | Appraisal rights shall be available for the shares of any class or series of stock of a corporation in a merger or consolidation | |||||||
• | A holder of any adversely affected shares who does not vote on or consent in writing to an amendment to the articles of incorporation has the right to dissent and to receive payment for such shares if the amendment: | |||||||||
• | Alters or abolishes any preferential right of any outstanding shares having preference; or | |||||||||
• | Creates, alters, or abolishes any provision or right in respect to the redemption of any outstanding shares; or | |||||||||
• | Alters or abolishes any preemptive right of such holder to acquire shares or other securities; or | |||||||||
• | Excludes or limits the right of such holder to vote on any matter, except as such right may be limited by the voting rights given to new shares then being authorized of any existing or new class | |||||||||
Shareholder's Derivative Actions | ||||||||||
• | An action may be brought in the right of a corporation to procure a judgement in its favor, by a holder of shares or of voting trust certificates or of a beneficial interest in such shares or certificates. It shall be made to appear that the plaintiff is such a holder at the time of bringing the action and that he was such a holder at the time of the transaction of which he complains, or that his shares or his interest therein devolved upon him by operation of law | • | In any derivative suit instituted by a stockholder or a corporation, it shall be averred in the complaint that the plaintiff was a stockholder of the corporation at the time of the transaction of which he complains or that such stockholder's stock thereafter devolved upon such stockholder by operation of law | |||||||
• | Complaint shall set forth with particularity the efforts of the plaintiff to secure the initiation of such action by the board or the reasons for not making such effort | |||||||||
• | Such action shall not be discontinued, compromised or settled, without the approval of the High Court of the Republic | |||||||||
• | Attorney's fees may be awarded if the action is successful | |||||||||
• | Corporation may require a plaintiff bringing a derivative suit to give security for reasonable expenses if the plaintiff owns less than 5% of any class of stock and the shares have a value of less than $50,000 |
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The following is a discussion of the material Marshall Islands and United States federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a U.S. Holder, as defined below, with respect to the common stock. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning common stock to all categories of investors, some of which, such as dealers in securities and investors whose functional currency is not the United States dollar, may be subject to special rules. This discussion deals only with holders who purchase common stock in connection with this offering. You should consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under United States federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of common stock.
Marshall Islands Tax Considerations
In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, the following are the material Marshall Islands tax consequences of our activities to us and shareholders of our common stock. We are incorporated in the Marshall Islands. Under current Marshall Islands law, we are not subject to tax on income or capital gains, and no Marshall Islands withholding tax will be imposed upon payments of dividends by us to our shareholders.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, our United States counsel, the following are the material United States federal income tax consequences to us of our activities and to U.S. Holders, as defined below, of our common stock. The following discussion of United States federal income tax matters is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or the Code, judicial decisions, administrative pronouncements, and existing and proposed regulations issued by the United States Department of the Treasury, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, the discussion is based, in part, on the description of our business as described in "Business" above and assumes that we conduct our business as described in that section. Except as otherwise noted, this discussion is based on the assumption that we will not maintain an office or other fixed place of business within the United States. References in the following discussion to "we" and "us" are to TOP Tankers Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
United States Federal Income Taxation of Our Company
Taxation of Operating Income: In General
Unless exempt from United States federal income taxation under the rules discussed below, a foreign corporation is subject to United States federal income taxation in respect of any income that is derived from the use of vessels, from the hiring or leasing of vessels for use on a time, voyage or bareboat charter basis, from the participation in a pool, partnership, strategic alliance, joint operating agreement, code sharing arrangements or other joint venture it directly or indirectly owns or participates in that generates such income, or from the performance of services directly related to those uses, which we refer to as "shipping income," to the extent that the shipping income is derived from sources within the United States. For these purposes, 50% of shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States constitutes income from sources within the United States, which we refer to as "U.S.-source shipping income."
Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States is considered to be 100% from sources within the United States. We do not expect to engage in transportation that produces income which is considered to be 100% from sources within the United States.
In the absence of exemption from tax under Section 883, our gross U.S. source shipping income would be subject to a 4% tax imposed without allowance for deductions as described below.
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Exemption of Operating Income from United States Federal Income Taxation
Under section 883 of the Code, we will be exempt from United States federal income taxation on our U.S.-source shipping income, if both
The Marshall Islands, the jurisdiction where our ship-owning subsidiaries are incorporated, grant an "equivalent exemption" to United States corporations. Therefore, we will be exempt from United States federal income taxation with respect to our U.S.-source shipping income if either the 50% Ownership Test or the Publicly-Traded Test is met. Prior to this offering the 50% Ownership Test will be satisfied. After this offering, it may be difficult to satisfy the 50% Ownership Test due to the widely-held ownership of our stock. However, assuming that the common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market, we anticipate being able to satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test, as discussed below.
Treasury regulations under Code Section 883 were promulgated by the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, in final form in August 2003. These regulations apply to taxable years beginning thirty days or more after the date published in the Federal Register. As a result, such regulations will be effective for calendar year taxpayers, like us, beginning with the calendar year 2004.
These regulations provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be "primarily traded" on an established securities market if the number of shares of each class of stock that are traded during any taxable year on all established securities markets in that country exceeds the number of shares in each such class that are traded during that year on established securities markets in any other single country. Upon completion of our offering, we anticipate that our common stock, which will be the sole class of our issued and outstanding stock, will be "primarily traded" on the Nasdaq National Market.
Under the regulations, our stock will be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market if one or more classes of our stock representing 50% or more of our outstanding shares, by total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote and total value, is listed on the market. With respect to each class relied upon to meet the more than 50% test, (i) the stock is traded on the market, other than in minimal quantities, on at least 60 days during the taxable year; and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of our stock, in each class, traded during the taxable year is at least 10% of the average number of shares of the stock outstanding, in each class, during the taxable year. While we believe we will satisfy these tests and our stock will therefore be "regularly traded," there can be no assurance that we will satisfy such thresholds. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the regulations provide, in pertinent part, that each class of our stock will not be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or more of each class of our outstanding shares of the stock are owned, actually or constructively under specified stock attribution rules, on more than half the days during the taxable year by persons who each own 5% or more of the value of each class of our outstanding stock, which we refer to as the "5 Percent Override Rule."
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For purposes of being able to determine the persons who own 5% or more of our stock, or "5% Shareholders," the regulations permit us to rely on those persons that are identified on Schedule 13G and Schedule 13D filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or the "SEC," as having a 5% or more beneficial interest in our common stock. The final regulations further provide that an investment company identified on a SEC Schedule 13G or Schedule 13D filing which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, will not be treated as a 5% shareholder for such purposes.
In the event the 5 Percent Override Rule is triggered, the final regulations provide that the 5 Percent Override Rule will not apply if we can establish that among the closely-held group of 5% Shareholders, there are sufficient 5% Shareholders that are considered to be qualified shareholders for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5% Shareholders in the closely-held group from owning 50% or more of each class of our stock for more than half the number of days during such year.
We currently anticipate that after this offering is completed, we will be able to satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test and will not be subject to the 5 Percent Override Rule. However, we can give no assurance this will be the case.
Under the regulations, if we do not satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test and therefore are subject to the 5 Percent Override Rule or the 50% Ownership Test, we would have to satisfy certain substantiation requirements regarding the identity of our shareholders in order to qualify for the Code Section 883 exemption. These requirements are onerous and there is no assurance that we would be able to satisfy them. As Code Section 883 has been the subject of legislative modifications in prior years that have had the effect of limiting its general availability, there can be no assurance that future legislation, changes in the ownership of our stock or inability to meet substantiation requirements would not preclude us from being entitled to the tax exemption provided in Code Section 883 for any taxable year. At this time, we are not aware of any legislation currently pending before the United States Congress which would affect the general availability of Code Section 883.
To the extent the benefits of Code Section 883 are unavailable with respect to any item of U.S. source income, our U.S. source shipping income, to the extent not considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed below, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions. Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of our shipping income would be treated as being derived from U.S. sources, the maximum effective rate of U.S. federal income tax on our shipping income would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
To the extent the benefits of the Code Section 883 exemption are unavailable and our U.S. source shipping income is considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as described below, any such "effectively connected" U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, would be subject to the U.S. federal corporate income tax currently imposed at rates of up to 35%. In addition, we may be subject to the 30% "branch profits" taxes on earnings effectively connected with the conduct of such trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the conduct of its U.S. trade or business.
Our U.S. source shipping income would be considered "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business only if:
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We do not intend to have, or permit circumstances that would result in having any vessel operating to the United States on a regularly scheduled basis. Based on the foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations and other activities, we believe that none of our U.S. source shipping income will be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.
United States Taxation of Gain on Sale of Vessels
Regardless of whether we qualify for exemption under Code Section 883, we will not be subject to United States federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under United States federal income tax principles. In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer outside of the United States. It is expected that any sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States.
United States Federal Income Taxation of U.S. Holders
As used herein, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of common stock that
If a partnership holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding our common stock, you should consult your tax advisor.
Distributions
Subject to the discussion of passive foreign investment companies below, any distributions made by us with respect to our common stock to a U.S. Holder will generally constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or "qualified dividend income" as described in more detail below, to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be treated first as a nontaxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder's tax basis in his common stock on a dollar for dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain. Because we are not a United States corporation, U.S. Holders that are corporations will not be entitled to claim a dividends received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from us. Dividends paid with respect to our common stock will generally be treated as "passive income" or, in the case of certain types of U.S. Holders, "financial services income," for purposes of computing allowable foreign tax credits for United States foreign tax credit purposes.
Dividends paid on our common stock to a U.S. Holder who is an individual, trust or estate (a "U.S. Individual Holder") should be treated as "qualified dividend income" that is taxable to such U.S. Individual Holders at preferential tax rates (through 2008) provided that (1) the common stock is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as the Nasdaq National Market); (2) we are not a passive foreign investment company, a foreign personal holding company or a foreign investment company for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year (which we do not believe we are or will be); and (3) the U.S. Individual Holder has owned the common stock for more than 60 days in the 120-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the common stock becomes ex-dividend. Special rules may apply to any "extraordinary dividend"—generally, a dividend in an amount which is equal to or in excess of ten percent of a shareholder's adjusted basis in a share of common stock—paid by us. If we pay an "extraordinary dividend" on our common stock that is treated as "qualified dividend income," then any loss derived by a U.S. Individual Holder from the sale or exchange of such common stock will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of such dividend. Therefore, there is no assurance that any dividends paid on our common stock will be eligible for these preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Individual Holder. Any dividends paid by the Company which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a U.S. Individual Holder.
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Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of Common Stock
Assuming we do not constitute a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder's tax basis in such stock. Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Such capital gain or loss will generally be treated as U.S.-source income or loss, as applicable, for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant Tax Consequences
Special United States federal income tax rules apply to a U.S. Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a passive foreign investment company for United States federal income tax purposes. In general, we will be treated as a passive foreign investment company with respect to a U.S. Holder if, for any taxable year in which such holder held our common stock, either
For purposes of determining whether we are a passive foreign investment company, we will be treated as earning and owning our proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of our subsidiary corporations in which we own at least 25 percent of the value of the subsidiary's stock. Income earned, or deemed earned, by us in connection with the performance of services would not constitute passive income. By contrast, rental income would generally constitute "passive income" unless we were treated under specific rules as deriving our rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.
Based on our current operations and future projections, we do not believe that we are, nor do we expect to become, a passive foreign investment company with respect to any taxable year. Although there is no legal authority directly on point, and we are not relying upon an opinion of counsel on this issue, our belief is based principally on the position that, for purposes of determining whether we are a passive foreign investment company, the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from the time chartering and voyage chartering activities of our wholly-owned subsidiaries should constitute services income, rather than rental income. Correspondingly, such income should not constitute passive income, and the assets that we or our wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, should not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we were a passive foreign investment company. We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and Internal Revenue Service pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. However, in the absence of any legal authority specifically relating to the statutory provisions governing passive foreign investment companies, the Internal Revenue Service or a court could disagree with our position. In addition, although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a passive foreign investment company with respect to any taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future.
As discussed more fully below, if we were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether
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the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us as a "Qualified Electing Fund," which election we refer to as a "QEF election." As an alternative to making a QEF election, a U.S. Holder should be able to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our common stock, as discussed below.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Timely QEF Election
If a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election, which U.S. Holder we refer to as an "Electing Holder," the Electing Holder must report each year for United States federal income tax purposes his pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and our net capital gain, if any, for our taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received from us by the Electing Holder. The Electing Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common stock will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the common stock and will not be taxed again once distributed. An Electing Holder would generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock. A U.S. Holder would make a QEF election with respect to any year that our company is a passive foreign investment company by filing one copy of IRS Form 8621 with his United States federal income tax return and a second copy in accordance with the instructions to such form. If we were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, we would provide each U.S. Holder with all necessary information in order to make the qualified electing fund election described below.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a "Mark-to-Market" Election
Alternatively, if we were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year and, as we anticipate, our stock is treated as "marketable stock," a U.S. Holder would be allowed to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our common stock, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury Regulations. If that election is made, the U.S. Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common stock at the end of the taxable year over such holder's adjusted tax basis in the common stock. The U.S. Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common stock over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in his common stock would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount. Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common stock would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included by the U.S. Holder.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election
Finally, if we were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder who does not make either a QEF election or a "mark-to-market" election for that year, whom we refer to as a "Non-Electing Holder," would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder on our common stock in a taxable year in excess of 125 percent of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing Holder's holding period for the common stock), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock. Under these special rules:
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These penalties would not apply to a pension or profit sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow money or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of our common stock. If a Non-Electing Holder who is an individual dies while owning our common stock, such holders successor generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such stock.
United States Federal Income Taxation of "Non-U.S. Holders"
A beneficial owner of common stock that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to herein as a "Non-U.S. Holder."
Dividends on Common Stock
Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax on dividends received from us with respect to our common stock, unless that income is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States. If the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of a United States income tax treaty with respect to those dividends, that income is taxable only if it is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Stock
Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock, unless:
If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a United States trade or business for United States federal income tax purposes, the income from the common stock, including dividends and the gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the stock that is effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to regular United States federal income tax in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the taxation of U.S. Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, your earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income, which are subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within the United States to you will be subject to information reporting requirements and backup withholding tax if you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder and you:
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Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8ECI or W-8IMY, as applicable.
If you sell your common stock to or through a United States office or broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both United States backup withholding and information reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of perjury, or you otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your common stock through a non-United States office of a non-United States broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you outside the United States then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment. However, United States information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, even if that payment is made to you outside the United States, if you sell your common stock through a non-United States office of a broker that is a United States person or has some other contacts with the United States.
Backup withholding tax is not an additional tax. Rather, you generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that exceed your income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the Internal Revenue Service.
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OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
We estimate the expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of our common stock in this offering, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, as follows:
SEC Registration Fee | $ | 29,139 | |
Printing and Engraving Expenses | 350,000 | ||
Legal Fees and Expenses | 750,000 | ||
Accountants' Fees and Expenses | 475,000 | ||
Nasdaq Entry Fee | �� | 100,000 | |
Blue Sky Fees and Expenses | 5,000 | ||
Transfer Agent's Fees and Expenses | 10,000 | ||
Financial Advisor's Fees | 1,000,000 | ||
Miscellaneous Costs | 25,000 | ||
Total | $ | 2,749,139 | |
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Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated July 23, 2004 between ourselves and the underwriters, each of the underwriters named below has severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to each named underwriter, the number of shares set forth opposite the name of each underwriter.
Underwriters | Number of Shares | |
---|---|---|
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.(1) | 9,054,750 | |
Hibernia Southcoast Capital, Inc.(2) | 3,999,000 | |
Harrisdirect, LLC(3) | 276,250 | |
Total | 13,330,000 | |
Over-Allotment Option
We and the selling shareholder have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,999,500 additional common shares at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus less underwriting discounts and commissions. The first $5 million of common shares purchased pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option will be from the selling shareholder. This option may be exercised at any time, and from time to time, to cover over-allotments, if any. To the extent that the option is exercised, each underwriter will be obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase a number of additional shares proportionate to the underwriter's initial commitment as indicated in the preceding table, and we and the selling shareholder will be obligated, pursuant to the option, to sell these shares to the underwriters.
Commissions and Expenses
The underwriters have advised us that the underwriters propose to offer our common stock directly to the public at the public offering price on the cover of this prospectus and to selected dealers, who may include the underwriters, at such offering price less a selling concession not in excess of $0.396 per share. After this offering, the underwriters may change the public offering price and other offering terms.
The Company has agreed to pay to DZ Financial Markets LLC, a member of the NASD and an affiliate of DZ Bank AG, a $1.0 million fee for advisory services relating to this offering.
The following table summarizes the underwriting discounts and commissions that we and the selling shareholder will pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option to purchase up to 1,999,500 additional shares. The underwriting fee is the difference between the initial price to the public and the amount the underwriters pay us and the selling shareholder for the shares.
| No Exercise | Full Exercise | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paid by us | $ | 8,090,656 | $ | 9,110,327 | |||
Paid by selling shareholder | 707,144 | 1,007,144 | |||||
Total | $ | 8,797,800 | $ | 10,117,471 | |||
We estimate that the total expenses of this offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions paid by us, will be approximately $2,749,139.
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Listing
Our common stock has been approved for listing on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "TOPT."
Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
The underwriters may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions, and penalty bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of our common stock, in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act:
These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the Nasdaq National Market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Neither we, the selling shareholder nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. In addition, neither we, the selling shareholder nor the underwriters make any representation that the underwriters will engage in these stabilizing transactions or that any transaction, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Lock-Up Agreements
We have agreed that, without the prior written consent of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., we will not, directly or indirectly, offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of or sell or grant options, rights
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or warrants with respect to, any of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, for a period of 360 days from the date of this prospectus.
Our executive officers and directors and all of our current stockholders holding all of our common stock will have entered into lock-up agreements under which they will have agreed not to, without the prior written consent of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., directly or indirectly, offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of any of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, except for shares sold in this offering by the selling shareholder, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus. This excludes shares held by our Chief Executive Officer who has entered into a 360 day lock-up agreement.
Indemnification
We and the selling shareholder have severally agreed to indemnify the underwriters against liabilities relating to this offering, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act and liabilities arising from breaches of the representations and warranties contained in the underwriting agreement, and to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make for these liabilities.
The selling shareholder may be deemed to be an underwriter under the Securities Act. As such it, as well as the remaining underwriters, may incur liability for any untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material fact required to be stated in the registration statement to which this prospectus form a part.
Public Offering Price
There has been no public market for our common stock prior to this offering. We and the underwriters negotiated the initial offering price. In determining the price, we and the underwriters considered a number of factors in addition to prevailing market conditions, including:
We and the underwriters considered these and other relevant factors in relation to the price of similar securities of generally comparable companies. Neither we nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our common stock, or that our common stock will trade in the public market at or above the initial offering price.
Internet Distributions
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by Harrisdirect, LLC, which is an underwriter participating in this offering. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for the sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by Harrisdirect, LLC on the same basis as other allocations. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters for sale to their online brokerage account holders.
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The validity of the common stock will be passed upon for us by Seward & Kissel LLP, New York, New York with respect to matters of U.S. and Republic of Marshall Islands law. The underwriters have been represented by Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, New York, New York.
The consolidated financial statements of TOP Tankers Inc. at December 31, 2003 and 2002, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003, appearing in this prospectus and registration statement have been audited by Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A., Athens, Greece, independent auditors, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The sections in this prospectus entitled "Prospectus Summary" and "The International Tanker Market," have been reviewed by Clarksons Research Studies, which has confirmed to us that they accurately describe the international tanker market, subject to the availability and reliability of the data supporting the statistical information presented in this prospectus, as indicated in the consent of Clarksons Research Studies filed as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form F-1 under the Securities Act of which this prospectus is a part.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form F-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the common stock offered hereby. For the purposes of this section, the term registration statement means the original registration statement and any and all amendments including the schedules and exhibits to the original registration statement or any amendment. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement we filed. Each statement made in this prospectus concerning a document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement is qualified by reference to that exhibit for a complete statement of its provisions. The registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules, may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 1024, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330, and you may obtain copies at prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549. The SEC maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC.
We will furnish holders of common stock with annual reports containing audited financial statements and a report by our independent public accountants, and intend to furnish quarterly reports containing selected unaudited financial data for the first three quarters of each fiscal year. The audited financial statements will be prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles and those reports will include a "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section for the relevant periods. As a "foreign private issuer," we will be exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders, but, will be required to furnish those proxy statements to shareholders under Nasdaq National Market rules. Those proxy statements are not expected to conform to Schedule 14A of the proxy rules promulgated under the Exchange Act. In addition, as a "foreign private issuer," we will be exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to short swing profit reporting and liability.
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TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| Page | |
---|---|---|
Report of Ernst & Young, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-2 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2003 | F-3 | |
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 | F-4 | |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 | F-5 | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 | F-6 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | F-7 | |
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2004 (unaudited) | F-22 | |
Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Income for the three month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 | F-23 | |
Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 | F-24 | |
Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Cash Flows for the three month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 | F-25 | |
Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements | F-26 |
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders of
TOP TANKERS INC.
(Formerly Ocean Holdings Inc.)
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TOP TANKERS INC., a Marshall Islands company, (the "Company"), as of December 31, 2002 and 2003 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003. Our audits also included the condensed financial information listed in the Index as Schedule I: Item 8(b). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of TOP TANKERS INC. at December 31, 2002 and 2003 and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
/s/ Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A. |
Athens, Greece
May 21, 2004
F-2
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| 2002 | 2003 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS | |||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 94 | 2,343 | |||||
Accounts receivable trade | 129 | 818 | |||||
Insurance claims | 278 | 1,065 | |||||
Inventories (Note 4) | 289 | 509 | |||||
Prepayments and other | 55 | 127 | |||||
Total current assets | 845 | 4,862 | |||||
FIXED ASSETS: | |||||||
Vessels (Notes 5 and 8) | 36,396 | 55,946 | |||||
Accumulated depreciation (Note 5) | (4,268 | ) | (7,872 | ) | |||
Net Book Value | 32,128 | 48,074 | |||||
Total fixed assets | 32,128 | 48,074 | |||||
OTHER NON CURRENT ASSETS: | |||||||
Deferred charges, net (Note 6) | 508 | 2,356 | |||||
Due from related parties (Note 3) | 168 | 319 | |||||
Restricted cash | — | 300 | |||||
Total assets | 33,649 | 55,911 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | |||||||
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 8) | 2,600 | 4,085 | |||||
Accounts payable, trade | 1,144 | 3,027 | |||||
Due to related parties (Note 3) | 309 | 105 | |||||
Accrued liabilities (Note 7) | 374 | 694 | |||||
Unearned revenue | — | 1,155 | |||||
Total current liabilities | 4,427 | 9,066 | |||||
LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current portion (Note 8) | 20,450 | 30,526 | |||||
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 6,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2002 and 2003. (Notes 13 and 17d) | 60 | 60 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital (Note 13) | 6,867 | 13,351 | |||||
Retained earnings | 1,845 | 2,908 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 8,772 | 16,319 | |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 33,649 | 55,911 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
F-3
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REVENUES: | ||||||||
Voyage revenues | 13,344 | 11,426 | 23,085 | |||||
EXPENSES: | ||||||||
Voyage expenses (Note 10) | 4,413 | 3,311 | 5,937 | |||||
Vessel operating expenses (Note 10) | 3,345 | 4,553 | 8,420 | |||||
Depreciation (Note 5) | 1,337 | 2,213 | 3,604 | |||||
Amortization of deferred charges (Note 6) | — | 177 | 599 | |||||
Management fees charged by a related party (Note 3) | 384 | 673 | 1,686 | |||||
General and administrative expenses | 71 | 143 | 129 | |||||
Operating income | 3,794 | 356 | 2,710 | |||||
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES): | ||||||||
Interest and finance costs (Notes 8 and 11) | (779 | ) | (993 | ) | (1,336 | ) | ||
Interest income | 30 | 6 | 1 | |||||
Foreign currency gains (losses), net | 3 | (62 | ) | (105 | ) | |||
Write-off of a related party receivable (Note 3) | (1,288 | ) | — | — | ||||
Other, net (Note 12) | 17 | 894 | 364 | |||||
Total other income (expenses), net | (2,017 | ) | (155 | ) | (1,076 | ) | ||
Net Income | 1,777 | 201 | 1,634 | |||||
Earnings per share, basic and diluted (Notes 14 and 17d) | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.27 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares, basic and diluted | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
F-4
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| Comprehensive Income | Capital Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BALANCE, December 31, 2000 | 60 | 4,588 | 1,211 | 5,859 | ||||||||
Net income | 1,777 | — | — | 1,777 | 1,777 | |||||||
Dividends paid (US dollars 0.08 per share) | — | — | — | (500 | ) | (500 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income | 1,777 | |||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2001 | 60 | 4,588 | 2,488 | 7,136 | ||||||||
Net income | 201 | — | — | 201 | 201 | |||||||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | — | — | 2,279 | — | 2,279 | |||||||
Dividends paid (US dollars 0.14 per share) | — | — | — | (844 | ) | (844 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income | 201 | |||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2002 | 60 | 6,867 | 1,845 | 8,772 | ||||||||
Net income | 1,634 | — | — | 1,634 | 1,634 | |||||||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | — | — | 6,484 | — | 6,484 | |||||||
Dividends paid (US dollars 0.10 per share) | — | — | — | (571 | ) | (571 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income | 1,634 | |||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2003 | 60 | 13,351 | 2,908 | 16,319 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
F-5
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars)
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | |||||||||
Net income | 1,777 | 201 | 1,634 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||
Depreciation | 1,337 | 2,213 | 3,604 | ||||||
Amortization of dry-docking costs | — | 177 | 599 | ||||||
Amortization and write off of deferred financing costs | 31 | 161 | 121 | ||||||
Write-off of a related party receivable | 1,288 | — | — | ||||||
(Increase) Decrease in: | |||||||||
Accounts receivable | 568 | 87 | (689 | ) | |||||
Insurance claims | 38 | (278 | ) | (787 | ) | ||||
Inventories | (7 | ) | (48 | ) | (220 | ) | |||
Due from related parties | (61 | ) | — | — | |||||
Prepayments and other | 31 | 25 | (72 | ) | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in: | |||||||||
Accounts payable | (306 | ) | 497 | 1,883 | |||||
Due to related parties | — | 385 | (204 | ) | |||||
Accrued liabilities | (224 | ) | 228 | 320 | |||||
Unearned revenue | 729 | (729 | ) | 1,155 | |||||
Payments for dry-docking | — | (510 | ) | (2,414 | ) | ||||
Net Cash from Operating Activities | 5,201 | 2,409 | 4,930 | ||||||
Cash Flows from (used in) Investing Activities: | |||||||||
Vessel acquisitions | — | (18,547 | ) | (19,550 | ) | ||||
Advances to related parties | (431 | ) | 251 | (151 | ) | ||||
Increase in restricted cash | — | — | (300 | ) | |||||
Net Cash used in Investing Activities | (431 | ) | (18,296 | ) | (20,001 | ) | |||
Cash Flows from (used in) Financing Activities: | |||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt | — | 15,550 | 25,850 | ||||||
Principal payments of long-term debt | (3,100 | ) | (2,550 | ) | (3,059 | ) | |||
Repayment of long-term debt | — | — | (11,230 | ) | |||||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | — | 2,279 | 6,484 | ||||||
Payment of financing costs | — | (200 | ) | (154 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid | (500 | ) | (844 | ) | (571 | ) | |||
Net Cash from (used in) Financing Activities | (3,600 | ) | 14,235 | 17,320 | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 1,170 | (1,652 | ) | 2,249 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 576 | 1,746 | 94 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 1,746 | 94 | 2,343 | ||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION | |||||||||
Interest paid | 851 | 727 | 1,045 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
F-6
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of United States Dollars—
except share and per share data, unless otherwise stated)
1. Basis of Presentation and General Information:
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Top Tankers Inc. (formerly Ocean Holdings Inc.) ("Ocean") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the "Company"). Ocean was formed on January 10, 2000, under the laws of Marshall Islands and is the sole owner of all outstanding shares of the following subsidiaries:
The Company is engaged in the ocean transportation of petroleum cargoes worldwide through the ownership and operation of the tanker vessels mentioned above.
The operations of the vessels are managed by Primal Tankers Inc. (the "Manager"), a related Liberian corporation, which is wholly owned by the father of the Company's Chief Executive Officer, Evangelos Pistiolis. Prior to the initial public offering discussed in Note 17(f), Evangelos Pistiolis owned approximately 20% of the Company's common stock. The Manager has an office in Greece located at 109-111, Messogion Avenue 115 26 Athens Greece. The Manager provides the Company with a wide range of shipping services such as technical support and maintenance, insurance consulting, chartering, financial and accounting services, in exchange for a fixed fee (Note 3).
F-7
Gross revenues for 2001, 2002 and 2003 included revenues deriving from charter agreements with significant charterers as follows (in percentages of total gross revenues):
Charterer | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 12 | % | — | 31 | % | |||
B | — | 20 | % | 16 | % | |||
C | 10 | % | — | — | ||||
D | 14 | % | — | — | ||||
E | — | 21 | % | — | ||||
F | — | 24 | % | — |
2. Significant Accounting Policies:
F-8
equivalents. Restricted cash relates to minimum cash deposits required to be maintained with a bank for loan compliance purposes, which amounted to $300 at December 31, 2003.
F-9
are depreciated from the date of their acquisition through their remaining estimated useful life). The useful life of the vessel Tireless is estimated to 28 years, which coincides with the validity of the class certificate. However, when regulations place limitations over the ability of a vessel to trade on a worldwide basis, its useful life is adjusted to end at the date such regulations become effective.
F-10
time charters. The Company does not have discrete financial information to evaluate the operating results for each such type of charter. Although revenue can be identified for these types of charters, management cannot and does not identify expenses, profitability or other financial information for these charters. As a result, management, including the chief operating decision maker, reviews operating results solely by revenue per day and operating results of the fleet and thus the Company has determined that it operates under one reportable segment.
In December 2003, the FASB issued FIN No. 46 (revised December 2003), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46-R") to address certain FIN 46 implementation issues. The effective dates and impact of FIN 46 and FIN 46-R are as follows:
F-11
The adoption of the provisions applicable to SPEs and all other variable interests obtained after January 31, 2003 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements. The adoption of the provisions of FIN 46R are not expected to have any impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
3. Transactions with Related Parties:
F-12
4. Inventories:
The amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
| 2002 | 2003 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bunkers | 155 | 242 | ||
Lubricants | 80 | 147 | ||
Consumable stores | 54 | 120 | ||
289 | 509 | |||
5. Vessels:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
| Vessel Cost | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Book Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2000 | 17,849 | (718 | ) | 17,131 | |||
—Depreciation for the year | — | (1,337 | ) | (1,337 | ) | ||
Balance, December 31, 2001 | 17,849 | (2,055 | ) | 15,794 | |||
—Acquisitions | 18,547 | — | 18,547 | ||||
—Depreciation for the year | — | (2,213 | ) | (2,213 | ) | ||
Balance, December 31, 2002 | 36,396 | (4,268 | ) | 32,128 | |||
—Acquisitions | 19,550 | — | 19,550 | ||||
—Depreciation for the year | — | (3,604 | ) | (3,604 | ) | ||
Balance, December 31, 2003 | 55,946 | (7,872 | ) | 48,074 | |||
Cost of vessels at December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 includes $849, $1,296 and $1,296, respectively, of amounts capitalized in accordance with the accounting policy discussed in Note 2i.
At December 31, 2003 vessels Med Prologue, Yapi and Tireless were operating under voyage charters, while vessels Faithful and Fearless were operating under time charters expiring in July and August 2004, respectively.
F-13
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND 2003
(Expressed in thousands of United States Dollars—
except share and per share data, unless otherwise stated)
6. Deferred Charges:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
| Dry-docking | Financing Costs | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2000 | — | 167 | 167 | ||||
—Amortization for the year | — | (31 | ) | (31 | ) | ||
Balance, December 31, 2001 | — | 136 | 136 | ||||
—Additions | 510 | 200 | 710 | ||||
—Write-off due to loan refinancing | — | (136 | ) | (136 | ) | ||
—Amortization for the year | (177 | ) | (25 | ) | (202 | ) | |
Balance, December 31, 2002 | 333 | 175 | 508 | ||||
—Additions | 2,414 | 154 | 2,568 | ||||
—Write-off due to loan repayment | — | (84 | ) | (84 | ) | ||
—Amortization for the year | (599 | ) | (37 | ) | (636 | ) | |
Balance, December 31, 2003 | 2,148 | 208 | 2,356 | ||||
The amortization for dry-docking costs is separately reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The amortization of financing costs is included in interest and finance costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
7. Accrued Liabilities:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
| 2002 | 2003 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interest on long-term debt | 82 | 165 | |||
Vessels' operating and voyage expenses | 24 | 105 | |||
Crew payroll | 247 | 419 | |||
General and administrative expenses | 21 | 5 | |||
Total | 374 | 694 | |||
F-14
8. Long-term Debt:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
Borrower(s) | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(a) Helidona and Olympos | — | 10,230 | ||||
(b) Gramos | — | 11,456 | ||||
(c) Kalidromo | — | 1,825 | ||||
(d) Rupel | — | 11,100 | ||||
(e) Helidona, Olympos and Vermio | 23,050 | — | ||||
Total | 23,050 | 34,611 | ||||
Less—current portion | (2,600 | ) | (4,085 | ) | ||
Long-term portion | 20,450 | 30,526 | ||||
Loan (a): Loan for an amount of $10,520, obtained in September 2003, to refinance the then outstanding loan balances of Helidona and Olympos, from the loan discussed under (e) below, of an equal amount. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and the average interest rate (including the margin) during 2003 was 3.11%, while at December 31, 2003 the interest rate (including the margin) was 2.72%. The outstanding balance of the loan ($10,230) as of December 31, 2003 is payable in 17 equal quarterly installments from January 2004 to January 2008, plus an additional payment of $2,000 payable together with the ninth installment and a balloon payment of $3,300 payable together with the last installment.
Loan (b): Loan for an amount of $11,750, obtained in July 2003, to assist Gramos in financing the acquisition of vessel Faithful from Vermio. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and the average interest rate (including the margin) during 2003 was 3.46%, while at December 31, 2003 the interest rate was fixed at 4.86% (including the margin) through 2008. The outstanding balance of the loan ($11,456) as of December 31, 2003 is payable in 27 equal quarterly installments, from January 2004 to July 2010, plus a balloon payment of $3,525 payable together with the last installment
Loan (c): Loan for an amount of $2,100, obtained in June 2003, to partially finance the acquisition cost of the vessel Tireless. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and the average interest rate (including the margin) during 2003 and at December 31, 2003 was 3.16%. The outstanding balance of the loan ($1,825) as at December 31, 2003 is payable in 10 equal quarterly installments from March 2004 to June 2006, plus a balloon payment of $450 payable together with the last installment.
Loan (d): Loan for an amount of $12,000, obtained in February 2003, to partially finance the acquisition cost of the vessel Fearless. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and the average interest rate (including the margin) during 2003 was 3.69%, while at December 31, 2003 the interest rate was fixed at 4.08% (including the margin) through 2008. The outstanding balance of the loan ($11,100) as at December 31, 2003 is payable in 25 equal quarterly consecutive installments from February 2004 to February 2010, plus a balloon payment of $3,600 payable together with the last installment.
F-15
Loan (e): In January 2002, Helidona, Olympos and Vermio together with Ocean concluded a loan for an amount of $25,000 to refinance the Helidona's and Olympos' indebtedness of $10,050, to partially finance the acquisition cost of the vessel Faithful and to provide the Company with working capital.
Of the amount outstanding at December 31, 2002, of $23,050, $1,300 was paid as scheduled in April and July 2003. In July 2003 an amount of $11,230 was repaid due to the sale of vessel Faithful from Vermio to Gramos, both of which are subsidiaries of the Company. In September 2003, the then outstanding balance of $10,520 was refinanced by the loan discussed under (a) above. The average interest rate during 2002 and 2003 was 3.11% and 3.21%, respectively, while at December 31, 2002 the interest rate was 3.07%.
The loans refinanced from the proceeds of the above loan were (i) the balance ($6,550) of a loan obtained in August 2000 by Helidona, to partially finance the acquisition cost of vessel Yapi, with average interest rate during 2001 of 5.64% and (ii) the balance ($3,500) of a loan obtained in February 2000 by Olympos, to partially finance the acquisition cost of vessel Med Prologue, with average interest rate during 2001 of 5.25%.
The loans are secured as follows:
The loan agreements contain ship finance covenants including restrictions as to changes in management and ownership of the vessels, additional indebtedness, mortgaging of vessels and payment of dividends without the bank's prior consent as well as minimum requirements regarding hull cover ratio. In addition, the borrowing companies must maintain minimum average quarterly liquidity of $1,200 with the lending banks, as defined in the loan agreements. The Company has obtained the required consents from the lending banks for the payment of the dividends referred to in Notes 13 and 17c.
Interest expense for 2001, 2002 and 2003 amounted to $709, $797 and $1,128, respectively and is included in interest expense and finance costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
F-16
The annual principal payments required to be made after December 31, 2003, are as follows:
| Amount | |
---|---|---|
2004 | 4,085 | |
2005 | 4,085 | |
2006 | 6,260 | |
2007 | 3,535 | |
2008 | 5,965 | |
2009 and thereafter | 10,681 | |
34,611 | ||
9. Contingencies:
Various claims, suits, and complaints, including those involving government regulations and product liability, arise in the ordinary course of the shipping business. In addition, losses may arise from disputes with charterers, agents, insurance and other claims with suppliers relating to the operations of the Company's vessels. Currently, management is not aware of any such claims or contingent liabilities, which should be disclosed, or for which a provision should be established in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
The Company accrues for the cost of environmental liabilities when management becomes aware that a liability is probable and is able to reasonably estimate the probable exposure. Currently, management is not aware of any such claims or contingent liabilities, which should be disclosed, or for which a provision should be established in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. A minimum of up to $1 billion of the liabilities associated with the individual vessels actions, mainly for sea pollution, are covered by the Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Club insurance.
F-17
10. Voyage and Vessel Operating Expenses
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated statements of income are analyzed as follows:
Voyage Expenses | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Port charges | 1,730 | 1,197 | 1,824 | ||||
Bunkers | 2,182 | 1,667 | 3,367 | ||||
Commissions | 501 | 447 | 746 | ||||
Total | 4,413 | 3,311 | 5,937 | ||||
Vessel Operating Expenses | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crew wages and related costs | 1,499 | 2,145 | 3,638 | ||||
Insurance | 398 | 695 | 1,323 | ||||
Repairs and maintenance | 783 | 883 | 1,874 | ||||
Spares and consumable stores | 658 | 818 | 1,559 | ||||
Taxes (Note 15) | 7 | 12 | 26 | ||||
Total | 3,345 | 4,553 | 8,420 | ||||
11. Interest and Finance Costs:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated statements of income are analyzed as follows:
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interest on long-term debt | 709 | 797 | 1,128 | ||||
Bank charges | 39 | 35 | 87 | ||||
Amortization and write-off of financing fees | 31 | 161 | 121 | ||||
Total | 779 | 993 | 1,336 | ||||
12. Other, net:
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insurance claims recoveries | — | 886 | 364 | ||||
Miscellaneous | 17 | 8 | 0 | ||||
Total | 17 | 894 | 364 | ||||
Insurance claim recoveries represent the excess amount the Company received in connection with claims for damages to its vessels compared to actual costs associated with the repairs.
F-18
13. Common Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital
The Company's common stock since inception and prior to the amendment of its articles of incorporation discussed in Note 17d consisted of 500 shares authorized, issued and outstanding, of no par value. The holders of the shares are entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and to receive all dividends, if any.
The amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as additional paid-in capital, represent payments made by the stockholders at various dates to finance vessel acquisitions in excess of the amounts of bank loans obtained and advances for working capital purposes. These capital contributions amounted to $0, $2,279, and $6,484 during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002, and 2003, respectively.
The Company declared and paid dividends of $500, $844, and $571 during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively.
14. Earnings Per Common Share
The components of the calculation of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share are as follows:
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Income: | ||||||||||
Income available to common shareholders | $ | 1,777 | $ | 201 | $ | 1,634 | ||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||
Weighted average common shares—diluted | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||||
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.27 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.27 |
15. Income Taxes:
Under the laws of the countries of the companies' incorporation and/or vessels' registration, the companies are not subject to tax on international shipping income, however, they are subject to registration and tonnage taxes, which have been included in Vessel operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (the "Code"), U.S. source income from the international operations of ships is generally exempt from U.S. tax if the company operating the ships meets certain requirements. Among other things, in order to qualify for this exemption, the company operating the ships must be incorporated in a country, which grants an equivalent exemption from income taxes to U.S. corporations. All the company's ship-operating subsidiaries satisfy these initial criteria. In addition, these companies must be more than 50% owned by individuals who are residents, as defined, in the countries of incorporation or another foreign country that grants an equivalent exemption to U.S. corporations. These companies also currently satisfy the more than 50%
F-19
beneficial ownership requirement. In addition, upon completion of the public offering of the Company's shares, the management of the Company believes that by virtue of a special rule applicable to situations where the ship operating companies are beneficially owned by a publicly traded company like the Company, the more than 50% beneficial ownership requirement can also be satisfied based on the trading volume and the anticipated widely-held ownership of the Company's shares, but no assurance can be given that this will remain so in the future, since continued compliance with this rule is subject to factors outside the Company's control.
16. Financial Instruments:
The principal financial assets of the Company consist of cash on hand and at banks and accounts receivable due from charterers. The principal financial liabilities of the Company consist of long-term bank loans and accounts payable due to suppliers.
17. Subsequent Events:
F-20
among others, includes restriction as to the payment of dividends without the bank's prior consent. The remaining portion of the vessel acquisition cost was financed by shareholders' contributions to additional paid-in capital.
F-21
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND MARCH 31, 2004 (UNAUDITED)
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| December 31, 2003 | March 31, 2004 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (see Note) | (Unaudited) | |||||
ASSETS | |||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 2,343 | 506 | |||||
Accounts receivable trade | 818 | 1,838 | |||||
Insurance claims | 1,065 | 842 | |||||
Inventories | 509 | 977 | |||||
Prepayments and other | 127 | 188 | |||||
Total current assets | 4,862 | 4,351 | |||||
FIXED ASSETS: | |||||||
Vessels | 55,946 | 131,792 | |||||
Accumulated depreciation | (7,872 | ) | (8,960 | ) | |||
Net Book Value | 48,074 | 122,832 | |||||
Total fixed assets | 48,074 | 122,832 | |||||
OTHER NON CURRENT ASSETS: | |||||||
Deferred charges, net | 2,356 | 2,378 | |||||
Due from related parties | 319 | 435 | |||||
Restricted cash | 300 | 300 | |||||
Total assets | 55,911 | 130,296 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | |||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 4,085 | 13,385 | |||||
Accounts payable, trade | 3,027 | 3,009 | |||||
Due to related parties | 105 | 365 | |||||
Accrued liabilities | 694 | 796 | |||||
Unearned revenue | 1,155 | 314 | |||||
Total current liabilities | 9,066 | 17,869 | |||||
LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current portion | 30,526 | 80,105 | |||||
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||||
Common stock, $0.01par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 6,000,000 shares issued and outstanding. | 60 | 60 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 13,351 | 30,428 | |||||
Retained earnings | 2,908 | 1,834 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 16,319 | 32,322 | |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 55,911 | 130,296 | |||||
Note:
The balance sheet at December 31, 2003 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.
F-22
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE THREE MONTH PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 2003 AND 2004
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| March 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2004 | |||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||
REVENUES: | |||||||
Voyage revenues | 5,361 | 7,728 | |||||
EXPENSES: | |||||||
Voyage expenses | 1,534 | 1,651 | |||||
Vessel operating expenses | 1,905 | 2,455 | |||||
Depreciation | 717 | 1,088 | |||||
Amortization of deferred charges | 59 | 290 | |||||
Management fees charged by a related party | 353 | 511 | |||||
General and administrative expenses | 34 | 152 | |||||
Operating income | 759 | 1,581 | |||||
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES): | |||||||
Interest and finance costs | (214 | ) | (414 | ) | |||
Interest income | 1 | — | |||||
Foreign currency gains (losses), net | (1 | ) | 17 | ||||
Other, net | — | 60 | |||||
Total other income (expenses), net | (214 | ) | (337 | ) | |||
Net Income | 545 | 1,244 | |||||
Earnings per share, basic and diluted | 0.09 | 0.21 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares, basic and diluted | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | |||||
F-23
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THE THREE MONTH PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 2003 AND 2004
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except share and per share data)
| Comprehensive Income | Capital Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BALANCE, December 31, 2002 | 60 | 6,867 | 1,845 | 8,772 | ||||||||
Net income | 545 | — | — | 545 | 545 | |||||||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | — | — | 5,175 | — | 5,175 | |||||||
Dividends paid (US dollars 0.01 per share) | — | — | — | (48 | ) | (48 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income | 545 | |||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2003 (Unaudited) | 60 | 12,042 | 2,342 | 14,444 | ||||||||
| Comprehensive Income | Capital Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BALANCE, December 31, 2003 | 60 | 13,351 | 2,908 | 16,319 | ||||||||
Net income | 1,244 | — | 1,244 | 1,244 | ||||||||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | — | — | 17,077 | — | 17,077 | |||||||
Dividends paid (US dollars 0.39 per share) | — | — | — | (2,318 | ) | (2,318 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income | 1,244 | |||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2004 (Unaudited) | 60 | 30,428 | 1,834 | 32,322 | ||||||||
F-24
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE THREE MONTH PERIODS ENDED MARCH 31, 2003 AND 2004
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars)
| March 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2004 | |||||
| (Unaudited) | ||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | |||||||
Net income | 545 | 1,244 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||
Depreciation | 717 | 1,088 | |||||
Amortization of dry-docking costs | 59 | 290 | |||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 8 | 18 | |||||
(Increase) Decrease in: | |||||||
Accounts receivable | (2,221 | ) | (1,020 | ) | |||
Insurance claims | 49 | 223 | |||||
Inventories | (266 | ) | (468 | ) | |||
Prepayments and other | (78 | ) | (61 | ) | |||
Increase (Decrease) in: | |||||||
Accounts payable | 1,148 | (18 | ) | ||||
Due to related parties | 313 | 260 | |||||
Accrued liabilities | 190 | 102 | |||||
Unearned revenue | — | (841 | ) | ||||
Net Cash from Operating Activities | 464 | 817 | |||||
Cash Flows from (used in) Investing Activities: | |||||||
Vessel acquisitions | (16,875 | ) | (75,846 | ) | |||
Advances to related parties | (76 | ) | (116 | ) | |||
Net Cash used in Investing Activities | (16,951 | ) | (75,962 | ) | |||
Cash Flows from (used in) Financing Activities: | |||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt | 12,000 | 59,900 | |||||
Principal payments of long-term debt | (650 | ) | (1,021 | ) | |||
Contributions to additional paid-in capital | 5,175 | 17,077 | |||||
Payment of financing costs | (60 | ) | (330 | ) | |||
Dividends paid | (48 | ) | (2,318 | ) | |||
Net Cash from Financing Activities | 16,417 | 73,308 | |||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (70 | ) | (1,837 | ) | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 94 | 2,343 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 24 | 506 | |||||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION | |||||||
Interest paid | 167 | 336 | |||||
F-25
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2004
(Expressed in thousands of United States Dollars—
except share and per share data, unless otherwise stated)
1. Basis of Presentation and General Information:
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Top Tankers Inc. (formerly Ocean Holdings Inc.) ("Ocean") and its wholly owned subsidiaries (the "Company") and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.
In the opinion of the management, all adjustments (consisting of adjustments of a normal recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations have been included. Operating results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results that might be expected for any interim period or the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004. The financial statements presented in this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the prospectus.
Ocean was formed on January 10, 2000, under the laws of Marshall Islands and is the sole owner of all outstanding shares of the following subsidiaries:
F-26
2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Interpretation No. 46 (FIN 46), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities—An Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin ("ARB") No. 51." This interpretation provides guidance on how to identify variable interest entities and how to determine whether or not those entities should be consolidated. FIN 46 applies to variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003. FIN 46 also applies in the first fiscal quarter or interim period ending after December 15, 2003 for variable interest entities created before February 1, 2003. The adoption of FIN 46 did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial position.
3. Transactions with Related Parties:
The operations of the vessels are managed by Primal Tankers Inc. (the "Manager"), a related Liberian corporation which is wholly owned by the father of the Company's Chief Executive Officer. The shipowning companies have a management agreement with the Manager, under which management services are provided in exchange for a fixed monthly fee per vessel, which is renewed annually. The fees charged by the Manager during the quarter ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 amounted to $353 and $511, respectively, and they are separately reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. At December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2004 the amounts due to Manager totaled $105 and $365, respectively and are separately reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. During the quarters ended March 31, 2003 and 2004, the Company advanced to the Manager $76 and $116, respectively, deposits as a security for the performance by the shipowning companies of their obligations under the management agreements. Such deposit will be refunded to the Company six months after the termination of the management agreements free of interest. Either party giving to the other three- month notice in writing may terminate the management agreement. These advances amounted to $319 and $435 at December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2004, respectively and are separately reflected under Other Non-Current Assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
F-27
4. Inventories:
Inventories at December 31, 2003 and at March 31, 2004 are analyzed as follows:
| 2003 | 2004 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bunkers | 242 | 696 | ||
Lubricants | 147 | 193 | ||
Consumable stores | 120 | 88 | ||
509 | 977 | |||
5. Vessels:
The movement in vessels cost and accumulated depreciation during the quarter ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 is analyzed as follows:
| Vessel Cost | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Book Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2002 | 36,396 | (4,268 | ) | 32,128 | |||
Acquisitions | 16,875 | — | 16,875 | ||||
Depreciation for the period | — | (717 | ) | (717 | ) | ||
Balance, March 31, 2003 (unaudited) | 53,271 | (4,985 | ) | 48,286 | |||
| Vessel Cost | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Book Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2003 | 55,946 | (7,872 | ) | 48,074 | |||
Acquisitions | 75,846 | — | 75,846 | ||||
Depreciation for the period | — | (1,088 | ) | (1,088 | ) | ||
Balance, March 31, 2004 (unaudited) | 131,792 | (8,960 | ) | 122,832 | |||
�� |
Acquisitions during the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 represent the acquisition cost of vessel Fearless. Acquisitions during the three-month period ended March 31, 2004 represent the acquisition cost of vessels Limitless and Endless.
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6. Deferred Charges:
The movement in deferred charges during the quarter ended March 31, 2003 and 2004 is analyzed as follows:
| Dry-docking | Financing Costs | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2002 | 333 | 175 | 508 | ||||
—Additions | — | 60 | 60 | ||||
—Amortization for the period | (59 | ) | (8 | ) | (67 | ) | |
Balance, March 31, 2003 (unaudited) | 274 | 227 | 501 | ||||
| Dry-docking | Financing Costs | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 2003 | 2,148 | 208 | 2,356 | ||||
—Additions | — | 330 | 330 | ||||
—Amortization for the period | (290 | ) | (18 | ) | (308 | ) | |
Balance, March 31, 2004 (unaudited) | 1,858 | 520 | 2,378 | ||||
Additions to financing costs during the first quarter of 2003 relate to the long-term loan obtained to partly finance the acquisition cost of the vessel Fearless. Additions to financing costs during the first quarter of 2004 relate to long-term loans obtained to partly finance the acquisition cost of the vessels Limitless and Endless. The amortization for dry-docking costs is separately reflected in the consolidated statements of income. The amortization of financing costs is included in interest and finance costs in the consolidated statements of income.
7. Long-term Debt:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
| Borrower(s) | December 31, 2003 | March 31, 2004 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Helidona and Olympos | 10,230 | 9,940 | |||||
Gramos | 11,456 | 11,163 | |||||
Kalidromo | 1,825 | 1,687 | |||||
Rupel | 11,100 | 10,800 | |||||
Mytikas | — | 30,400 | |||||
Litochoro | — | 29,500 | |||||
Total | 34,611 | 93,490 | |||||
Less-current portion | (4,085 | ) | (13,385 | ) | |||
Long-term portion | 30,526 | 80,105 | |||||
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The balances of the above term loans as at March 31, 2004, are repayable in quarterly installments through 2012. During the first quarter of 2004 the Company concluded two long-term loans to partly finance the acquisition cost of vessels Endless and Limitless as discussed below:
Mytikas: Loan for an amount of $30,400, obtained in March 2004, to partially finance the acquisition cost of vessel Limitless. The outstanding balance of the loan ($30,400) at March 31, 2004 is payable in 16 varying semi-annual instalments from September 2004 to March 2012, plus a balloon payment of $6,800 payable together with the last installment. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin (2.72% at March 31, 2004).
Litochoro: Loan for an amount of $29,500, obtained in March 2004, to partially finance the acquisition cost of vessel Endless. The outstanding balance of the loan ($29,500) at March 31, 2004 is payable in 30 varying quarterly instalments from June 2004 to September 2011, plus a balloon payment of $5,980 payable together with the last installment. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin (2.49% at March 31, 2004).
The loans are secured as follows:
The loan agreements contain ship finance covenants including restrictions as to changes in management and ownership of the vessels, additional indebtedness, mortgaging of vessels and payment of dividends without the bank's prior consent as well as minimum requirements regarding hull cover ratio. In addition, the borrowing companies must maintain minimum average quarterly liquidity of $1,200 with the lending banks, as defined in the loan agreements. The Company has obtained the required consents from the lending banks for the payment of the dividends referred to in Note 10.
Interest expense for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004, amounted to $197 and $379, respectively.
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The annual principal payments required to be made after March 31, 2004, are as follows:
Year ending December 31, | Amount | |
---|---|---|
2004 | 8,901 | |
2005 | 12,710 | |
2006 | 12,852 | |
2007 | 9,325 | |
2008 | 11,280 | |
2009 and thereafter | 38,422 | |
93,490 | ||
8. Voyage and Vessel Operating Expenses:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three-month periods ended March 31, are analyzed as follows:
Voyage Expenses | 2003 | 2004 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Port charges | 459 | 370 | |||
Bunkers | 864 | 1,039 | |||
Commissions | 211 | 242 | |||
Total | 1,534 | 1,651 | |||
Vessel Operating Expenses | 2003 | 2004 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crew wages and related costs | 773 | 1,121 | |||
Insurance | 242 | 435 | |||
Repairs and maintenance | 581 | 417 | |||
Spares and consumable stores | 292 | 428 | |||
Taxes | 17 | 54 | |||
Total | 1,905 | 2,455 | |||
F-31
TOP TANKERS INC.
(FORMERLY OCEAN HOLDINGS INC.)
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2004
(Expressed in thousands of United States Dollars—
except share and per share data, unless otherwise stated)
9. Interest and Finance Costs:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three month periods ended March 31, are analyzed as follows:
| 2003 | 2004 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interest on long-term debt | 197 | 379 | |||
Bank charges | 9 | 17 | |||
Amortization of financing fees | 8 | 18 | |||
Total | 214 | 414 | |||
10. Common Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital
The Company's common stock since inception and prior to the amendment of its articles of incorporation consisted of 500 shares authorized, issued and outstanding, of no par value. The holders of the shares are entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and to receive all dividends, if any.
The amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as additional paid-in capital, represent payments made by the stockholders at various dates to finance vessel acquisitions in excess of the amounts of bank loans obtained and advances for working capital purposes. These capital contributions amounted to $5,175 and $17,077 during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
The Company declared and paid dividends of $48 and $2,318 during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
11. Earnings Per Common Share:
The components of the calculation of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share are as follows:
| 2003 | 2004 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Net income: | ||||||
Income available to common shareholders | $ | 545 | $ | 1,244 | ||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||
Weighted average common shares—diluted | 6,000,000 | 6,000,000 | ||||
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.21 | ||
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.21 |
12. Subsequent Events:
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incorporation the Company was renamed to TOP Tankers Inc. and currently, its authorized capital stock consists of to 50,000,000 registered and/or bearer shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share and 20,000,000 registered preferred shares with par value of $0.01. In addition the Company within the context of its initial public offering discussed below, on May 21, 2004, cancelled the 500 shares of Ocean and issued 6,000,000 shares at their par value. The financial statements for all periods presented have been restated to reflect the issuance of the 6,000,000 shares.
F-33
Through and including August 17, 2004 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
13,330,000 Shares
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
July 23, 2004
Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
Hibernia Southcoast Capital
HARRISdirect