Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (a) Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of ExlService Holdings and all of its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The non-controlling interest at March 31, 2016 represents the minority partner’s interest in the operations of ExlService Colombia S.A.S. ("Exl Colombia") and the profits associated with the minority partner’s interest in those operations, in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, respectively. The non-controlling interest in such operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was insignificant and is included under general and administrative expenses in the unaudited consolidated statements of income. (b) Use of Estimates The preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the unaudited consolidated statements of income during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on management’s best assessment of the current business environment, actual results may be different from those estimates. The significant estimates and assumptions that affect the financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowance for doubtful receivables, service tax receivables, assets and obligations related to employee benefit plans, deferred tax valuation allowances, income-tax uncertainties and other contingencies, valuation of derivative financial instruments, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization periods, purchase price allocation, recoverability of long-term assets including goodwill and intangibles, and estimates to complete the fixed price contracts. (c) Other current assets Other current assets consists of the following: March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Derivative instruments $ 3,831 $ 3,009 Advances to suppliers 1,534 1,545 Receivables from statutory authorities 9,372 8,676 Others 5,009 1,989 Other current assets $ 19,746 $ 15,219 (d) Accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consists of the following: March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Accrued expenses $ 25,264 $ 26,238 Derivative instruments 413 1,226 Client liability account 2,972 2,217 Other current liabilities 9,252 4,569 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 37,901 $ 34,250 (e) Non-current liabilities Non-current liabilities consists of the following: March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Derivative instruments $ 568 $ 1,132 Unrecognized tax benefits 3,112 3,066 Deferred rent 6,864 6,515 Retirement benefits 1,472 1,441 Other non-current liabilities 1,549 5,501 Non-current liabilities $ 13,565 $ 17,655 (f) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss For the Company, accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of amortization of actuarial gain/(loss) on retirement benefits and changes in the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments. In addition, the Company enters into foreign currency exchange contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC topic 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" ("ASC 815"). Changes in the fair values of contracts that are deemed effective are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss until the settlement of those contracts. The balances as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows: December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 Cumulative currency translation adjustments $ (67,030 ) $ (68,063 ) Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges, net of taxes of $1,035 and $657 2,826 824 Retirement benefits, net of taxes of ($194) and ($201) 117 (86 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (64,087 ) $ (67,325 ) (g) Other Income, net Other income, net consists of the following: Three months ended March 31, 2016 2015 Interest and dividend income* $ 2,222 $ 1,402 Interest expense (385 ) (283 ) Change in fair value of earn-out consideration** 250 — Other, net 707 59 Other income, net $ 2,794 $ 1,178 * Includes unrealized gain of $1,525 and $42 on investments carried under ASC topic 825, "Financial Instruments" ("ASC 825"), fair value option for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 respectively. ** Reduction in the Company's liability of earn-out consideration related to its acquisition of RPM Direct, LLC and RPM Data Solutions, LLC (the "RPM Acquisition") from $4,060 as of December 31, 2015 to $3,810 as of March 31, 2016 recognized as other income. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. The new standard is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is not permitted. The comprehensive new standard will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance and require revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Adoption of the new rules could affect the timing of revenue recognition for certain transactions of the Company. ASU No. 2014-09 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 using either one of two methods: (i) retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented with the option to elect certain practical expedients as defined within ASU No. 2014-09; or (ii) retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU No. 2014-09 recognized at the date of initial application and providing certain additional disclosures as defined per ASU No. 2014-09. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption and the implementation approach to be used. In January 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities". This guidance makes targeted improvements to existing US GAAP for financial instruments, including requiring equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; requiring entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; requiring separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset and requiring entities to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk (also referred to as “own credit”) when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option. The new guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption of the own credit provision is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASU No. 2016-02 requires the identification of arrangements that should be accounted for as leases by lessees. In general, for lease arrangements exceeding a twelve month term, these arrangements must now be recognized as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet of the lessee. Under ASU No. 2016-02, a right-of-use asset and lease obligation will be recorded for all leases, whether operating or financing, while the income statement will reflect lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. The balance sheet amount recorded for existing leases at the date of adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 must be calculated using the applicable incremental borrowing rate at the date of adoption. In addition, ASU No. 2016-02 requires the use of the modified retrospective method, which will require adjustment to all comparative periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and the implementation approach to be used. In March 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging: Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships, which clarifies that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as a hedging instrument does not, in and of itself, require de-designation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity has the option to apply ASU No. 2016-05 on either a prospective basis or a modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-05 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting.” Among other things, the amendments in ASU No. 2016-07 eliminate the requirement that when an investment qualifies for use of the equity method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence, an investor must adjust the investment, results of operations, and retained earnings retroactively on a step-by-step basis as if the equity method had been in effect during all previous periods that the investment had been held. The amendments require that the equity method investor add the cost of acquiring the additional interest in the investee to the current basis of the investor’s previously held interest and adopt the equity method of accounting as of the date the investment becomes qualified for equity method accounting. Therefore, upon qualifying for the equity method of accounting, no retroactive adjustment of the investment is required. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The amendments should be applied prospectively upon their effective date to increases in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence that result in the adoption of the equity method. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net). ASU No. 2016-08 clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. The guidance includes indicators to assist an entity in determining whether it controls a specified good or service before it is transferred to the customers. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718). ASU No. 2016-09 identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted but all of the guidance must be adopted in the same period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. |