Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES A summary of the significant accounting policies and practices used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements is as follows: Basis of presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company and all of its majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Investments in 50% or less owned partnerships and affiliates are accounted for using the equity method unless it is determined that the Company has control of the entity, in which case the entity would be consolidated. The Company had one joint venture investment accounted for using the equity method as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash and short-term investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. At times, the Company may have deposits with institutions in excess of federally insured limits. We monitor the cash balances in our bank accounts and adjust the balance as appropriate. To date, we have not experienced loss or lack of access to our invested cash or cash equivalents; however, we can provide no assurance that access to our cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial market. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had restricted cash of $1.1 million and $1.2 million, respectively, related to restricted purchaser escrow deposits and cash held in escrow as collateral for letters of credit. Trade Receivables Trade receivables are recorded at the amount invoiced. We reduce accounts receivable by estimating an allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in the future. Management determines the estimated allowance for uncollectible amounts based on their judgements in evaluating the aging of the receivables and the financial condition of our clients, which may be dependent on the type of client and the client’s current financial condition. Real estate inventories Real estate inventories include land, land development costs, construction and other costs. Real estate held for development and use is stated at cost, or when circumstances or events indicate that the real estate is impaired, at estimated fair value. Real estate held for sale is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Land, land development and indirect land development costs are accumulated by specific project and allocated to various units within that project using specific identification and allocation based upon the relative sales value, unit or area methods. Direct construction costs are assigned to units based on specific identification. Construction costs primarily include direct construction costs and capitalized field overhead. Other costs are comprised of fees, capitalized interest and real estate taxes. We also use our best estimate at the end of a reporting period to capitalize estimated construction and development costs. Costs incurred to sell real estate are capitalized to the extent they are reasonably expected to be recovered from the sale of the project and are tangible assets or services performed to obtain regulatory approval of sales. Other selling costs are expensed as incurred. If the project is considered held for sale, it is valued at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. The evaluation takes into consideration the current status of the property, carrying costs, costs of disposition, various restrictions and any other circumstances that may affect fair value including management’s plans for the property. For assets held for development and use, a write-down to estimated fair value is recorded when the net carrying value of the property exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Estimated fair value is based on comparable sales of real estate in the normal course of business under existing and anticipated market conditions. These evaluations are made on a property-by-property Capitalized interest and real estate taxes Interest and real estate taxes incurred relating to the development of lots and parcels are capitalized to real estate inventories during the active development period, which generally commences when borrowings are used to acquire real estate assets and ends when the properties are substantially complete or the property becomes inactive. A project becomes inactive when development and construction activities have been suspended indefinitely. Interest is capitalized based on the interest rate applicable to specific borrowings or the weighted average of the rates applicable to other borrowings during the period. Interest and real estate taxes capitalized to real estate inventories are expensed as a component of cost of sales as related units are settled. The following table is a summary of interest and real estate taxes incurred, capitalized and expensed for units settled: Twelve Months Ended December 31 2017 2016 Total interest incurred and capitalized $ 4,223 $ 3,227 Total real estate taxes incurred and capitalized 354 240 Total interest and real estate taxes incurred and capitalized $ 4,577 $ 3,467 Interest expensed as a component of cost of sales $ 2,604 $ 1,833 Real estate taxes expensed as a component of cost of sales 267 235 Interest and real estate taxes expensed as a component of cost of sales $ 2,871 $ 2,068 The amount of interest from entity level borrowings that we are able to capitalize in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 835 is dependent upon the average accumulated expenditures that exceed project specific borrowings. Additionally, when a project becomes inactive, its interest, real estate taxes and indirect production overhead costs are no longer capitalized but rather expensed in the period they are incurred. The following is a breakdown of the interest and real estate taxes expensed in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods presented: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2017 2016 Interest incurred and expensed from entity level borrowings $ — $ 876 Interest incurred and expensed for inactive projects 41 5 Real estate taxes incurred and expensed for inactive projects — 5 $ 41 $ 886 Fixed assets Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and are depreciated on the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows: Furniture and fixtures 7 years Office equipment and vehicles 5 years Leasehold improvements life of related lease Computer equipment 3 years Capitalized software 3 years When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from their separate accounts and any gain or loss on sale is reflected in operations. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in a business acquisition. Following an acquisition, we perform an analysis to value the acquired company’s tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities. With respect to identifiable intangible assets, we consider backlog, non-compete We test our goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, and more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. We believe the methodology that we use to review impairment of goodwill, which includes a significant amount of judgment and estimates, provides us with a reasonable basis to determine whether impairment has occurred. We perform our annual goodwill impairment review during our fiscal fourth quarter and our first annual review will be performed in 2018. In addition, we regularly evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred that may indicate a potential change in recoverability of goodwill. We perform interim goodwill impairment reviews between our annual reviews if certain events and circumstances have occurred, including a deterioration in general economic conditions, an increased competitive environment, a change in management, key personnel, strategy or customers, negative or declining cash flows, or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior periods. The impairment test for goodwill is a two-step non-cash Warranty reserve Warranty reserves for units settled are established to cover potential costs for materials and labor with regard to warranty-type claims expected to arise during the typical one-year two-year Years ended 2017 2016 Balance at beginning of period $ 287 $ 312 Additions 178 233 Releases and/or charges incurred (207 ) (258 ) Balance at end of period $ 258 $ 287 Revenue recognition We recognize revenues and related profits or losses from the sale of residential properties and units, finished lots and land sales when closing has occurred, full payment is reasonably assured, title and possession of the property has transferred to the buyer and we have no significant continuing involvement in the property. Other revenues include revenue from land sales, rental revenue from leased multi-family units, which is recognized ratably over the terms of the respective leases and revenue from construction services which is recognized under the percentage-of-completion We consider revenue to be from homebuilding when there is a structure built or being built on the lot at closing when cash receipt is reasonably assured and the title is transferred along with the risks and rewards of ownership. Sales of lots occur, and are included in other revenues, when we sell raw land or finished home sites in advance of any home construction. Revenues generated through real estate professional services such as management and administrative support, environmental design, engineering and remediation are recognized when the services have been provided, the benefits of the services are transferred to the customer and our performance obligations are satisfied. Advertising costs The total amount of advertising costs charged to operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $568, of which $560 was charged to sales and marketing and $8 was charged to general and administrative expenses. The total amount of advertising costs charged to operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $586, of which $542 was charged to sales and marketing and $44 was charged to general and administrative expenses. Stock compensation As discussed in Note 14, the Company sponsors stock option plans and restricted stock award plans. The Company accounts for its share-based awards pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Share Based Payments Income taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted on December 22, 2017 with an effective date of January 1, 2018. The results of the Tax Act include, among others, a reduction to the corporate federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%, the repeal of the Alternative Minimum Tax, and the allowance of net operating losses arising in tax years ending after 2017 to be carried forward indefinitely, subject to limitation. The law introduces substantial changes to the Internal Revenue Code, with extensive implications for our federal current and deferred income tax provision. For further information, see Note 19 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement included in this report. Loss per share The weighted average shares and share equivalents used to calculate basic and diluted loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are presented on the consolidated statement of operations. Restricted stock awards, stock options and warrants for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are included in the diluted loss per share calculation using the treasury stock method and average market prices during the periods, unless the restricted stock award, stock options and warrants would be anti-dilutive. As a result of net losses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, diluted net loss per share excludes the effects of common stock equivalents consisting of restricted stock awards and warrants, which are anti-dilutive. The following number of shares have been excluded from consideration in the calculation of diluted net loss per share were: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2017 2016 Restricted stock awards 83 — Warrants 11 — 94 — As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, warrants of 763 and 851, respectively; stock options of 666 and 404, respectively; and restricted stock awards of zero and 22, respectively; were excluded from the table above as the shares related were considered anti-dilutive Comprehensive income (loss) For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, comprehensive income (loss) equaled net income (loss); therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive income (loss) is not included in the consolidated financial statements. Segment reporting During 2017 and 2016, we operated our business through three segments: Homebuilding, Multi-family and Real Estate Services. We are focused on the Washington, D.C. market. In 2018, we revised our business strategy and transitioned our business operations to three operating segments; Homebuilding, Asset Management and Real Estate Services. In our Homebuilding segment, we develop properties with the intent to sell as fee-simple for-sale move-up, move-up low-end high-end In our Multi-family segment we focus on projects ranging from approximately 75 to 200 units in locations that are supply constrained with demonstrated demand for stabilized assets. We seek opportunities in the multi-family rental market where our experience and core capabilities can be leveraged. We will either position the assets for sale when completed or operate the asset within our own portfolio. Operating the asset for our own account affords us the flexibility of converting the units to condominiums in the future. In our Real Estate Services segment we pursue projects in all aspects of real estate management including strategic planning, land development, entitlement, property management, sales and marketing, workout and turnaround strategies, financing and general construction. We are able to provide a wide range of construction management, environmental assessments and remediation services, and general contracting services to other property owners. The following disclosure includes the Company’s three reportable segments of Homebuilding, Multi-family and Real Estate Services. Each of these segments operates within the Company’s single Washington, D.C. reportable geographic segment. Homebuilding Multi-Family Real Estate Total Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2017 Gross revenue $ 43,399 $ — $ 2,031 $ 45,430 Gross profit 2,814 — (268 ) 2,546 Net (loss) income (4,348 ) — (430 ) (4,778 ) Total assets 47,474 — 3,684 51,158 Depreciation, amortization, and stock based compensation 409 — 177 586 Interest expense — — 41 41 Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2016 Gross revenue $ 40,696 $ — $ 884 $ 41,580 Gross profit 2,460 — 457 2,917 Net (loss) income (7,219 ) — 457 (6,762 ) Total assets 59,688 — 133 59,821 Depreciation, amortization, and stock based compensation 258 — 10 268 Interest expense 881 — — 881 The Company allocates sales, marketing and general and administrative expenses to the individual segments based upon specifically allocable costs. Use of estimates The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates are utilized in the valuation of real estate inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, analysis of goodwill impairment, valuation of equity-based compensation, capitalization of costs, consolidation of variable interest entities and warranty reserves. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior year consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to the current year presentation. The impact of the reclassifications made to prior year amounts is not material and did not affect net loss. Recent accounting pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 provides a guidance. ASU No. 2014-09 will require issued ASU 2015-14, which deferred of ASU 2014-09 for one 2014-09 In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases”. The core and a right-of-use asset representing term. ASU 2016-02 is effective In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments Statement of Cash Flows Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash Statement of Cash Flows In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business ASU 2017-01 is ASU 2017-01 should ASU 2017-01 to In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, 2017-04 In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation—Stock ASU 2017-09 is ASU 2017-09 to Other accounting pronouncements issued or effective during the year ended December 31, 2017 are not applicable to us or are not anticipated to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. |