SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021, totaled $22.1 million, a decrease of $3.6 million, or 14%, as compared to $25.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. This was primarily due to a decrease of $4.4 million related to the costs of preparing to commercialize oral paclitaxel as significant pre-launch activities occurred in 2020, and slowed upon receipt of the CRL in 2021. This was partially offset by an increase of $0.7 million of general and administrative costs related to increased hiring, professional fees, IT costs, and other operational costs.
Interest expense totaled $4.9 million and $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Interest expense in the current period was incurred from the Senior Credit Agreement with Oaktree, while interest expense in the prior period was incurred from the debt with Perceptive.
Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021, was $0.2 million, compared to $2.9 million for the same period in 2020. The decrease was primarily attributable to foreign income tax withholdings on our revenue earned under our out-license arrangements in the prior year.
Net loss attributable to Athenex for the three months ended March 31, 2021, was $25.1 million or ($0.27) per diluted share, respectively, as compared to a net loss of $19.4 million or ($0.24) per diluted share, for the same period in 2020.
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $48.0 million, restricted cash of $16.5 million, and short-term investments of $123.2 million.
Financial Guidance
In terms of product sales guidance, the Company is limiting financial guidance to only the existing product portfolio, which excludes any proprietary products, until meaningful sales data from the proprietary product, Klisyri®, become available. In 2020, the Company recorded a significant amount of revenues from international customers as a result of the global pandemic. However, the Company does not see these revenues as recurring in nature. The Company continues to expand its product portfolio. The Company is affirming the guidance it provided on March 1, 2021, as it currently expects its product sales in 2021, excluding any royalties from Klisyri®, to be in line with 2020 levels.
Cash Conservation Update
Given uncertainty stemming from the CRL for oral paclitaxel, the Company identified and adopted certain cash conservation measures. Considering these initial measures, and based on our current operating plan, we now expect that our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments as of March 31, 2021, will enable us to meet our current operational liquidity needs and fund operations into 2H 2022.
Conference Call and Webcast Information
Athenex will host a conference call and live audio webcast today, Thursday, May 6, 2021, at 8:00 am Eastern Time to discuss the financial results and provide a business update.