Revenue Recognition | 11. Revenue Recognition Nature of goods and services Following is a description of principal activities – separated by reportable segments – from which the Company generates its revenue. For more detailed information about reportable segments, see Note 10 – Business Segment, Geographic, and Concentration Risk Information . 1. Oncology Innovation Platform License fees and consulting revenue The Company out-licenses certain of its intellectual property (“IP”) and provides related consulting services to pharmaceutical companies in specific territories that allow the customer to use, develop, commercialize, or otherwise exploit the licensed IP. In accordance with Topic 606, the Company determines each of its performance obligations under the agreements and allocates the transaction price to those obligations accordingly. The Company’s obligations may include delivering the license of IP (if the license is deemed to be distinct), performing continued research and development on the licensed IP, manufacturing the licensed product, or maintaining the legal protection for the licensed IP throughout the duration of the agreement, among other obligations. Most of the Company’s revenue from its out-licensing is recognized at a point-in-time, when the performance obligation associated with an upfront payment or milestone is satisfied. Grant revenue The Company receives grant award funding to support its continuing research and development efforts. The Company considers these grants to be operating revenue as they support the Company’s primary operating activities. Revenue is recognized when the underlying performance obligation is satisfied, which is generally when all grant eligibility criteria are met at a point-in-time. 2. Global Supply Chain Platform The Company’s Global Supply Chain Platform manufactures API for use internally in its research and development and clinical studies and for sale to pharmaceutical customers globally. API revenue earned by the Global Supply Platform is recognized when the Company has satisfied its performance obligation, which is the shipment or delivery of drug product. The underlying contracts for these sales are generally purchase orders and the Company recognizes revenue at a point-in-time. The Company also generates revenue, to a lesser extent, by providing small to mid-scale cGMP manufacturing of clinical and commercial products for pharmaceutical and biotech companies and selling pharmaceutical products under 503B regulations set forth by the FDA. 3. Commercial Platform The Company’s Commercial Platform generates revenue by distributing specialty products through independent pharmaceutical wholesalers. The wholesalers then sell to an end-user, normally a hospital, alternative healthcare facility, or an independent pharmacy, at a lower price previously established by the end-user and the Company. Sales are initially recorded at the list price sold to the wholesaler. Because these prices will be reduced for the end-user, the Company records a contra asset in accounts receivable and a reduction to revenue at the time of the sale, using the difference between the list price and the estimated end-user contract price. Upon the sale by the wholesaler to the end-user, the wholesaler will chargeback the difference between the original list price and price at which the product was sold to the end-user and such chargeback is offset against the initial estimated contra asset. The significant estimates inherent in the initial chargeback provision relate to wholesale units pending chargeback and to the ultimate end-user contract selling price. The Company bases the estimate for these factors on product-specific sales and internal chargeback processing experience, as well as estimated wholesaler inventory stocking levels. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company’s chargeback provision totaled $2.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively, included as a reduction of accounts receivable. The Company offers cash discounts, which approximate 2% of the gross sales price, as an incentive for prompt customer payment, and, consistent with industry practice, the Company’s return policy permits customers to return products within a window of time before and after the expiration of product dating. The Company expects that its wholesale customers will make prompt payments to take advantage of the cash discounts, and expects customers to use their right of return. Therefore, at the time of sale, product revenue and accounts receivable are reduced by the full amount of the discount offered and the return expected. The Company considers payment performance and historical return rates and adjusts the accrual to reflect actual experience. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company’s accrual for cash discounts and return accrual included as a reduction of accounts receivable were not material to the consolidated financial statements. The Company also offers contractual allowances, generally rebates or administrative fees, to certain wholesale customers, group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”), and end-user customers, consistent with pharmaceutical industry practices. Settlement of rebates and fees may generally occur from one to five months from date of sale. The Company provides a provision for contractual allowances at the time of sale based on the historical relationship between sales and such allowances. Contractual allowances are reflected in the consolidated financial statements as a reduction of revenue and as accrued expenses. The Company estimates the variable transaction price at the time of the sale and recognizes revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied. The underlying contracts for these sales are generally purchase orders and the Company recognizes revenue at a point-in-time. Disaggregation of revenue The following represents the Company’s revenue for its reportable segment by country, based on the locations of the customer. Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (In Thousands) Oncology Innovation Platform Global Supply Chain Platform Commercial Platform Consolidated Total United States $ — $ 1,208 $ 8,694 $ 9,901 India — 962 — 962 Austria — 1,243 — 1,243 China 231 417 — 648 Spain 25,000 — — 25,000 Other foreign countries — 82 — 82 Total revenue $ 25,231 $ 3,911 $ 8,694 $ 37,836 Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 (In Thousands) Oncology Innovation Platform Global Supply Chain Platform Commercial Platform Consolidated Total United States $ — $ 636 $ 77 $ 713 India — 1,471 — 1,471 Austria — 1,002 — 1,002 China 233 79 — 312 Taiwan 500 — — 500 Other foreign countries — 583 — 583 Total revenue $ 733 $ 3,771 $ 77 $ 4,581 The Company also disaggregates its revenue by product group which can be found in Note 10 – Business Segment, Geographic, and Concentration Risk Information Contract balances The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers. The Company has not recorded any contract assets from contracts with customers. March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Accounts receivable, gross $ 10,397 $ 12,263 Allowance for doubtful accounts, chargebacks, and other deductions (2,552 ) (3,795 ) Accounts receivable, net $ 7,845 $ 8,468 Deferred revenue $ 5,740 $ 1,202 Total contract liabilities $ 5,740 $ 1,202 The following tables illustrate accounts receivable balances by reportable segments. March 31, 2018 (In Thousands) Oncology Innovation Platform Global Supply Chain Platform Commercial Platform Consolidated Total Accounts receivable, gross $ 19 $ 3,320 $ 7,057 $ 10,397 Allowance for doubtful accounts, chargebacks, and other deductions — (73 ) (2,479 ) (2,552 ) Accounts receivable, net $ 19 $ 3,247 $ 4,578 $ 7,845 December 31, 2017 (In Thousands) Oncology Innovation Platform Global Supply Chain Platform Commercial Platform Consolidated Total Accounts receivable, gross $ 49 $ 4,553 $ 7,661 $ 12,263 Allowance for doubtful accounts, chargebacks, and other deductions — (84 ) (3,711 ) (3,795 ) Accounts receivable, net $ 49 $ 4,469 $ 3,950 $ 8,468 As of March 31, 2018, $5.0 million of the deferred revenue balance relates to out-license revenue included in the non-refundable upfront fee payment of $30.0 million from the collaboration agreement with Almirall, S.A. This payment was allocated to two distinct performance obligations, $25.0 million to the execution and delivery of the license, and $5.0 million to the delivery of certain clinical data for the licensed IP. The Company satisfied its performance obligation to license the IP to the licensee during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and recognized $25.0 million of revenue accordingly. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had not satisfied its performance obligation to deliver the clinical data and therefore, $5.0 million of this license payment was recorded as deferred revenue on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The remaining $0.7 million of deferred revenue relates to customer deposits made by customers of the Global Supply Chain Platform. As of December 31, 2017, the $1.2 million contract liability related to customer deposits made by customers of the Global Supply Chain Platform. The Company satisfied its performance obligations allocated to these contract liabilities in the three months ended March 31, 2018. There were no other material changes to contract balances during the three months ended March 31, 2018. Performance obligations and transaction price allocation Product sales The contracts related to product sales in the Global Supply Chain and Commercial Platforms include a single performance obligation, which is the shipment or delivery of products. The Company records revenue allocated to these performance obligations at a point-in-time, when the underlying obligation is satisfied. Contracts for product sales under the Commercial Platform include variable consideration with the single performance obligation. The transaction price is determined using the method described as a significant judgment below and is allocated directly to the single performance obligation. Contracts for product sales under the Global Supply Chain Platform include a fixed transaction price and a single performance obligation. Therefore, the transaction price is allocated to the single obligation and there are no further allocation methods or assumptions used. Any remaining performance obligations related to product sales are the result of customer deposits and are reflected in the deferred revenue contract liability balance above. There were no remaining performance obligations related to the Commercial Platform as of March 31, 2018. License fees and consulting revenue The Company analyzes each of its out-licensing contracts with customers to identify each of the performance obligations within the contract. Each out-license contains multiple performance obligations. The Company has determined that each of its out-license agreements with customers are classified as functional licenses and are capable of being distinct, because the IP that is licensed carries standalone value and is not expected to be altered through the life of the agreement. Therefore, for each of its out-licenses, the Company has determined that the execution of the license and delivery of the IP to the licensee is a distinct performance obligation. As such, the Company records revenue at a point-in-time for its out-licensing if any of the transaction price is allocated to the obligation, including up-front license payments. Revenue recognized at a point-in-time for the execution of a distinct license of IP amounted to $25.0 million and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Other performance obligations included in the Company’s out-license agreements include reaching milestone development and regulatory events by performing research and development activities over the licensed IP. The Company did not reach any milestone events during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and reached one milestone event during the three months ended March 31, 2017 resulting in $0.5 million of revenue recognized. The Company recorded the associated milestone payment as revenue at a point-in-time. One of the Company’s contracts includes consulting services including managing a customer’s research and development office, which is considered a distinct performance obligation. Revenue allocated to this performance obligation is recognized over-time as these services are provided. These services were not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. Certain out-license agreements include performance obligations to manufacture and provide drug product in the future when the licensed product is approved for commercial sale. To date, the Company has not satisfied any of these performance obligations as none of its drugs are approved by the regulatory agencies in each of the licensed territories. In addition to the multiple performance obligations, the Company’s out-license agreements include variable pricing. After the performance obligations are identified, the Company determines each portion of the transaction price, which generally include upfront fees, milestone payments, and royalty payments. The Company begins by allocating the payments set forth in the agreement to the performance obligation to which the consideration is related. Then, the Company considers whether or not that transaction price is fixed, variable, or subject to return. If any portion of the transaction price is constrained by more than one performance obligation, the Company allocated that portion of the transaction price to the performance obligation that will be satisfied later and will not recognize revenue until it is fully satisfied and the constraint on the transaction price no longer exists. There are no other significant methods employed to allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in a contract with a customer. The Company’s remaining performance obligations related to its out-license agreement include all of the above distinct obligations which might or might not be satisfied in the future, based on the clinical progression and commercialization of the licensed IP. The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations related to the license of intellectual property. Grant revenue The Company’s performance obligations related to its research and development grants are recorded at a point-in-time. Performance obligations in these contracts include various eligibility conditions that the Company must satisfy to maintain the grant agreement. Grant revenue is not signification to the consolidated financial statements. Performance obligations remaining as of March 31, 2018 were not material to the financial statements and do not significantly alter the Company’s business operations. Contracts for the grant revenue include a fixed transaction price and a single performance obligation. Therefore, the transaction price is allocated to the single obligation and there are no further allocation methods or assumptions used. Significant judgments used Specialty revenue from the Company’s Commercial Platform includes certain significant judgments due to the nature of the process to deliver the product to the end-user and the variable consideration involved. As described above, the Company sells product to wholesalers at a gross price higher than the price paid by the end-user. When the Company satisfies its performance obligation for these sales, which is the delivery of products to the customer, most often a wholesaler, the Company records the gross sales price to the wholesaler and estimates all other factors affecting the transaction price to record as a reduction to that revenue. Factors that determine the final net transaction price include chargebacks (the difference between the gross price to the wholesaler and the price at which the wholesaler sold to their customer), fees for service, cash discounts, rebates, returns, warranties, and other factors. The Company estimates all of these variables based on historical data obtained from previous sales finalized with the end-user customer. This is performed on a product-by-product basis and uses data obtained from the Company’s third-party logistics provider. At the time of sale, revenue is recorded net of each of these deductions. Through the normal course of business, the wholesaler will sell the product to the end-user, determining the actual chargeback, return products, and take advantage of cash discounts, charge fees for services, and claim warranties on products. The final transaction price per product is compared to the initial estimated net sale price and reviewed for accuracy. The final prices and other factors are immediately included in the Company’s historical data from which it will estimate the transaction price for future sales. Sales subject to these transaction price judgments amounted to $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The Company does not believe that the final transaction price of these sales will vary materially from the revenue recorded during the period. Significant judgments are used in the recognition of licensing fees. They often contain several performance obligation and a multi-faceted variable transaction price. Initially, significant judgment is involved to determine if the license is function or symbolic, which is based on its ability to be a distinct performance obligation. The Company considers all economic and regulatory characteristics of the licensed IP to determine if it has standalone value on the date of the license, which would make the license distinct and dictate that the Company recognizes any transaction price allocated to the license performance obligation, including upfront fees, at a point-in-time. The Company has determined that each of its out-licensing agreements is distinct, or capable of being distinct and as such, it represents its own performance obligation. There are also significant judgments used in allocating the transaction price of out-license agreements to the various performance obligations. Transaction prices included the out-license contract with customers often include upfront payments, regulatory and commercial milestone payments, and royalties once the licensed IP is approved for commercial sale. Due to the clinical stage of the drugs under these licenses, the Company has only recognized revenue related to upfront payments and certain milestone payments. The values of each of those payments is fixed, the judgment involved relates to the allocation of those payments to the proper performance obligations, considering if any of those payments are refundable or are contingent on any future events. Of the $30.0 million upfront license payment the Company received during the three months ended March 31, 2018, $5.0 million related to a separate performance obligation. Therefore, this amount was deferred and will be recognized when the future performance obligation is fulfilled. The Company did not use any other significant judgments related to out-license revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2018. Contract costs The Company has not recorded any contract assets from contracts with customers. Practical expedients used During the adoption of ASC 606, the Company applied the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-10-4, the Portfolio Approach The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations related to the license of intellectual property (“IP”). This practical expedient is applied because its out-licenses agreements include sales-based royalties in exchange for the license of IP accounted for in accordance with Topic 606 and there is significant uncertainty surrounding the future variable consideration that could be received. |