INCOME TAXES | Income Taxes The Company’s provision for income taxes was $51,854 , $65,214 , and $45,553 , for the years ended March 31, 2020 , 2019 , and 2018 , respectively. This represents effective tax rates of 22.0% , 29.1% , and 20.9% for the years ended March 31, 2020 , 2019 , and 2018 , respectively. The primary drivers of the Company’s effective tax rate being higher than the federal statutory rate of 21.0% for the year ended March 31, 2020 were the provision for state taxes, certain non-deductible expenses including limits on deductibility of executive compensation under IRC Section 162(m) and limits on the deductibility of certain meal and entertainment expense items. The decrease in the Company’s tax rate during the year ended March 31, 2020 relative to the year ended March 31, 2019 was primarily as a result of vesting of stock that occurred in April and May, 2019, as well as decreased state tax expense. The Tax Act reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% for all corporations effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017. For fiscal year companies, the change in law requires the application of a blended rate, which in the Company’s case is approximately 31.5% for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2018 . Beginning with the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 , the applicable statutory rate is 21.0% . The provision (benefit) for income taxes on operations for the years ended March 31, 2020 , 2019 , and 2018 is comprised of the following approximate values: Year Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Current: Federal $ 39,796 $ 47,101 $ 34,638 State and local 10,217 22,094 9,768 Foreign 11,495 6,706 7,716 Subtotal 61,508 75,901 52,122 Deferred: Federal (6,317 ) (10,665 ) (2,398 ) State and local (2,104 ) (1,997 ) (646 ) Foreign (1,233 ) 1,975 (3,525 ) Subtotal (9,654 ) (10,687 ) (6,569 ) Total $ 51,854 $ 65,214 $ 45,553 The provision for income taxes on operations for the years ended March 31, 2020 , 2019 , and 2018 is reconciled to the income taxes computed at the statutory federal income tax rate (computed by applying the federal corporate rate of 21% for 2020 and 2019, and 31.5% for 2018 to consolidated operating income before provision for income taxes) as follows: Year Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Federal income tax provision computed at statutory rate $ 49,486 21.0 % $ 47,107 21.0 % $ 68,618 31.5 % State and local taxes, net of federal tax effect 10,819 4.6 % 12,944 5.8 % 7,600 3.5 % Tax impact from foreign operations (1,083 ) (0.5 )% (2,098 ) (0.9 )% (3,972 ) (1.8 )% Nondeductible expenses 4,721 2.0 % 3,797 1.7 % 1,414 0.6 % Stock compensation (7,269 ) (3.1 )% (8 ) — % (16,173 ) (7.4 )% Uncertain tax positions, true-up items, and other (4,820 ) (2.0 )% 2,159 0.9 % (1,203 ) (0.6 )% Enactment of the Tax Act — — % 1,313 0.6 % (10,731 ) (4.9 )% Total $ 51,854 22.0 % $ 65,214 29.1 % $ 45,553 20.9 % Deferred income taxes arise principally from temporary differences between book and tax recognition of income, expenses, and losses relating to financing and other transactions. The deferred income taxes on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2020 and 2019 , comprise the following: As of March 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Deferred tax assets: Deferred compensation expense/accrued bonus $ 53,397 $ 48,501 Allowance for doubtful accounts 1,078 675 US foreign tax credits 2,478 2,523 Operating lease liabilities 27,977 — Other, net 15,497 16,396 Total deferred tax assets 100,427 68,095 Deferred tax asset valuation allowance (11,097 ) (11,369 ) Total deferred tax assets 89,330 56,726 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangibles (49,166 ) (51,676 ) Accounts receivable and work in process (561 ) (1,647 ) Operating lease right-of-use assets (25,131 ) — Other, net (8,629 ) (8,607 ) Total deferred tax liabilities (83,487 ) (61,930 ) Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) $ 5,843 $ (5,204 ) The Company has various foreign net operating losses totaling $9,936 that do not expire. A valuation allowance is required when it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has determined that deferred tax assets related to US foreign tax credits and certain foreign deferred tax assets are not likely to be realized. The Company’s credit carryforwards as of March 31, 2020 were primarily driven as a result of U.S. Tax Reform. The Company assessed the realizability of these foreign tax credits based on currently enacted and proposed legislation issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service, and recorded a full valuation allowance of $2,478 and $2,523 against these assets for March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. The Company does not expect to utilize these foreign tax credits in the future as the Company does not currently project future foreign source income.These foreign tax credits will expire in various years through 2030. In addition, certain deferred tax assets related to tax deductible goodwill from previous acquisitions and net operating losses generated from these deductions were not more likely than not realizable; therefore, the Company maintained valuation allowances for March 31, 2020 and 2019 of $8,619 and $8,846 , respectively. The change in the total valuation allowance was a decrease of $272 and a decrease of $1,965 during the years ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company had recorded liabilities for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the amounts of $1,845 and $1,093 , net of any future tax benefit of such interest, respectively. Unrecognized tax positions totaled $9,947 and $4,960 as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. If the income tax impacts from these tax positions are ultimately realized, such realization would affect the income tax provision and effective tax rate. A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax position as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows: As of March 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Unrecognized tax position at the beginning of the year $ 4,960 $ 4,563 (Decrease)/increase related to prior year tax positions (230 ) 397 Increases related to tax positions taken in the current year 5,217 — Unrecognized tax position at the end of the year $ 9,947 $ 4,960 In the next 12 months, certain uncertain tax positions may reverse as the related statutes expire, but the Company does not anticipate a material change. Prior to the IPO, the Company filed as a member of the ORIX USA consolidated federal income tax group and did so through the date of the IPO for fiscal 2016. Following the IPO, the Company files a consolidated federal income tax return separate from ORIX USA, as well as consolidated and separate returns in state and local jurisdictions. As of March 31, 2020, all of the federal income tax returns filed since 2017 by the Company are still subject to adjustment upon audit. The Company also files combined and separate income tax returns in many states, which are also open to adjustment. The Company is currently under New York City audit for the years ended March 31, 2016, March 31, 2017, and March 31, 2018, and Minnesota audit for the years ended March 31, 2016, March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2018. Additionally, ORIX USA is currently under Illinois audit for the years ended March 31, 2013, March 31, 2014, and March 31, 2015, Minnesota audit for the years ended March 31, 2013, March 31, 2014, March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016, and Wisconsin audit for the years ended March 31, 2013, March 31, 2014, March 31, 2015, and March 31, 2016. |