| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates
The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to estimated useful lives of depreciable assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets, and recoverability of intangible assets. The Company is also required to make certain estimates with regard to the valuation of awards and forfeiture rates for its share-based award programs. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the financial statements in the applicable period , a ccordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including PDV Spectrum Holding Company, LLC formed in April 2014. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2015 and for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are unaudited. These unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP for interim financial information and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading and all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. In the opinion of management, the Company’s results for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any future financial period.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the corresponding amounts in the financial statements for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2015. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, cash flows, assets, liabilities or equity for the years presented.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase are considered cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates the quoted market value and include amounts held in money market funds.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
An allowance for uncollectible receivables is estimated based on a combination of write-off history, aging analysis and any specific known troubled accounts. The Company reviews its allowance for uncollectible receivables on a quarterly basis. Past due balances meeting specific criteria are reviewed individually for collectability. At December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, management provided an allowance of $600 and $7,977 , respectively, for certain slow paying accounts.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
The carrying amount at the balance sheet date of long-lived assets under construction in process include construction costs to date on capital projects that have not been completed and assets being constructed that are not ready to be placed into service. These costs will be transferred to property and equipment when substantially all of the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed. Depreciation commences upon completion.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are wireless licenses that provide the Company with the exclusive right to utilize designated radio frequency spectrum to provide wireless communication services. While licenses are issued for only a fixed time, generally ten years, such licenses are subject to renewal by the FCC. License renewals have occurred routinely and at nominal cost in the past . There are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of the Company’s wireless licenses. As a result, the Company has determined that the wireless licenses should be treated as an indefinite-lived intangible asset . T he Company will evaluate the useful life determination for its wireless licenses each year to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support their treatment as an indefinite useful life asset.
The licenses are tested for impairment on an aggregate basis, as the Company will be utilizing the wireless licenses on an integrated basis as part of developing its nationwide network. The Company performs the test of the fair values of the wireless licenses annually using a discounted cash flow approach.
Patent Costs
Costs to acquire a patent on certain aspects of the Company’s technology have been capitalized. These amounts are amortized, subject to periodic evaluation for impairment, over statutory lives following award of the patent.
Long-Lived Asset Impairment
The Company evaluates long-lived assets, other than intangible assets with indefinite lives, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Asset groups are determined at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. When the carrying amount of a long-lived asset group is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over the estimated fair value.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in the period that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the product has occurred or services have been rendered, it is able to determine the amount of revenue and when the collection of such amount is considered probable. In accordance with the guidance provided in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605-45-45, Revenue Recognition – Principal Agent Considerations, the Company has determined that it is the primary obligor with respect to the service revenue derived from sales of the Company’s software applications through its Tier I domestic carrier partners. As a result, revenue is recorded at the gross amount billed to end-user customers for sales through these carrier partners. The Company recognized service revenue for its international carrier (which business relationship terminated in July 2015) on the net amount billed since it has determined that it is not the primary obligor. The Company also sells service and applications directly to end-users, which are billed and collected directly by the Company.
In September 2014, Motorola paid the Company an upfront, fully-paid leasing fee of $7.5 million in order to lease a portion of the Company’s wireless spectrum licenses. The payment of the fee is accounted for as Deferred Revenue on the Company’s C onsolidated B alance S heets. The Company recognizes leasing revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 840, Leases. The fee is amortized using the straight-line method over the lease term of approximately ten years , which represents the time period in which the benefits of the leased property are expected to be depleted.
The Company evaluates certain transactions for its DispatchPlus service offering to determine whether they should be viewed as a Multiple Element Arrangement provided in ASC Topic 605-25. Multiple deliverable arrangements are presumed to be bundled transactions, and the total consideration is measured and allocated to the separate transactions based on their relative selling price with certain limitations. The Company has determined that the rental of user devices in connection with service contracts for its DispatchPlus service are multiple deliverable arrangements.
Cost of Revenue
The Company’s cost of revenue relating to sales of its software applications through its wireless carrier partners includes the portion of service revenue retained by its domestic carrier partners pursuant to its agreements with these parties, which may include network services, connectivity, SMS service, sales, marketing, billing and other ancillary services. With respect to its recently launched DispatchPlus service offering, the Company’s cost of revenue includes the costs of operating its dispatch network, and its cloud-based solutions and to a lesser degree, the costs associated with the sales of the relevant user devices.
Stock Compensation
The Company accounts for stock options in accordance with US GAAP, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense, based on the estimated fair value of awards granted to employees and directors. The Company estimates the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense in the Company’s statements of operations over the requisite service periods. In the event the participant’s employment by or engagement with (as a director or otherwise) the Company terminate s before exercise of the options granted, the stock options granted to the participant shall immediately expire and all rights to purchase shares thereunder shall immediately cease and expire and be of no further force or effect, other than applicable exercise rights for vested shares that may extend past the termination date as provided for in the participant’s applicable option award agreement. Additionally, the Compensation Committee adopted an Executive Severance Plan (the “Severance Plan”) in February 2015, and the Company subsequently entered into Severance Plan Participation Agreements with its executive officers and certain key employees. In addition to providing participants with severance payments, the Severance Plan provides for accelerated vesting and extends the exercise period for outstanding equity awards if the Company terminates a participant’s service for reasons other than cause, death or disability or the participant terminates his or her service for good reason, whether before or after a change of control (each of such terms as defined in the Severance Plan) .
To calculate option-based compensation, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company’s determination of fair value of option-based awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model is affected by assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables.
No tax benefits were attributed to the share-based compensation expense because the Company maintained a full valuation allowance for all net deferred tax assets.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , ("ASU 2014-09") which supersedes current revenue recognition guidance, including most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services, and also requires additional disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The guidance, as stated in ASU 2014-09, is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date," which defers the effective date by one year, with early adoption on the original effective date permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact the new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements. This ASU requires management to assess an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern by incorporating and expanding upon certain principles that are currently in the U.S. auditing standards. Specifically, the ASU (1) provides a definition of the term substantial doubt, (2) requires an evaluation every reporting period including interim periods, (3) provides principles for considering the mitigating effect of management’s plans, (4) requires certain disclosures when substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of consideration of management’s plan, (5) requires an express statement and other disclosures when substantial doubt is not alleviated, and (6) requires an assessment for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). This standard is effective for the fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In January 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-01, Extraordinary and Unusual Items , eliminating the concept of extraordinary items. The issuance is part of the FASB’s initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. Under the current guidance, an entity is required to separately classify, present and disclose events and transactions that meet the criteria for extraordinary classification. Under the new guidance, reporting entities will no longer be required to consider whether an underlying event or transaction is extraordinary, however, presentation and disclosure guidance for items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently was retained and expanded to include items that are both unusual in nature and infrequently occurring. The amendments are effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning April 1, 2016, although early adoption is permitted if applied from the beginning of a fiscal year. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which changes the presentation of debt issuance costs in the financial statements. ASU 2015-03 requires an entity to present such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs will continue to be reported as interest expense. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The guidance will be applied retrospectively to each period presented. The adoption of this standard update is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments , which requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, including the cumulative effect of the change in provisional amount as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The adjustments related to previous reporting periods since the acquisition date must be disclosed by income statement line item either on the face of the income statement or in the notes. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2015, with early application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The amendments are to be applied prospectively to adjustments that occur after the effective date. The amendments will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2016 and will be applied, as necessary, to future business combinations.
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying Consolidate d Financial Statements.
Net Loss Per Share of Common Stock
Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, preferred stock, convertible notes payable-affiliated entities, stock options and warrants are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods.
Common stock equivalents resulting from potentially dilutive securities approximated 1,100,000 and 1,000,000 at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively, and have not been included in the diluted weighted average shares outstanding, as their effects are anti-dilutive.
Subsequent Events Evaluation by Management
Management has evaluated subsequent events for disclosure and/or recognition in the financial statements through the date that the se financial statements were issued. |
