Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to estimated useful lives of depreciable assets, asset retirement obligations, the carrying amount of long-lived assets under construction in process, valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets, and recoverability of intangible assets. The Company is also required to make certain estimates with regard to the valuation of awards and forfeiture rates for its share-based award programs. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revision are reflected in the financial statements in the period they are deemed to be necessary. Accordingly actual results could differ from those estimates. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including PDV Spectrum Holding Company, LLC formed in April 2014. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2016 financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, cash flows, assets, liabilities or equity for the years presented. Cash and Cash Equivalents All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less of the time of purchase are considered cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates quoted market value and include amounts held in money market funds. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts An allowance for uncollectible receivables is estimated based on a combination of write-off history, aging analysis and any specific known troubled accounts. The Company reviews its allowance for uncollectible receivables on a quarterly basis. Past due balances meeting specific criteria are reviewed individually for collectability. At March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, management provided an allowance of $2,633 and $7,977 , respectively, for certain slow paying accounts. Inventory Inventories, which consist of vehicle-mounted devices and handsets, are valued at the lower of cost or market, with market being defined as replacement value using the First In, First Out method. Provisions are made periodically to reduce any excess, obsolete or slow moving inventory to its net realizable value. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the applicable lease term. The carrying amount at the balance sheet date of long-lived assets under construction in process include construction costs to date on capital projects that have not been completed, assets being constructed that are not ready to be placed into service, and assets that are not currently in service. These costs will be transferred to property and equipment when substantially all of the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed. Depreciation commences upon completion. Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations An asset retirement obligation is evaluated and recorded as appropriate on assets for which the Company has a legal obligation to retire. The Company records a liability for an asset retirement obligation and the associated asset retirement cost at the time the underlying asset is acquired and put into service. Subsequent to the initial measurement of the asset retirement obligation, the obligation is adjusted at the end of each period to reflect the passage of time and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation, if any. The Company enters into long-term leasing arrangements primarily for tower site location s. The Company constructs assets at these locations and, in accordance with the terms of many of these agreements, the Company is obligated to restore the premises to their original condition at the conclusion of the agreements, generally at the demand of the other party to these agreements. The Company recognizes the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation and capitalizes that cost as part of the cost basis of the related asset, depreciating it over the useful life of the related asset . As of March 31, 2016, the Company had an asset retirement obligation of $ 203,546 . Intangible Assets Intangible assets are wireless licenses that will be used to provide the exclusive right to utilize designated radio frequency spectrum to provide wireless communication services. While licenses are issued for only a fixed time, generally ten years, such licenses are subject to renewal by the FCC. License renewals have occurred routinely and at nominal cost. There are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of the company’s wireless licenses. As a result, the wireless licenses are treated as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The Company evaluates the useful life determination for wireless licenses each year to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. The licenses are tested for impairment on an aggregate basis, as the Company will be utilizing the wireless licenses on an integrated basis as a part of developing its nationwide network. The Company considers estimates of valuation methods to perform the test of the fair values of wireless licenses annually including market based and discounted cash flow approaches. Patent Costs Costs to acquire a patent on certain aspects of the Company’s technology have been capitalized. These amounts are amortized, subject to periodic evaluation for impairment, over statutory lives following award of the patent. Gross patent costs are $570,994 at March 31, 2016 and $558,696 at March 31, 2015 and the associated accumulated amortization amounted to $348,634 and $337,914 , respectively. Amortization expense was $10,720 , $34,609 , and $42,830 for the years ended March 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively. The amortization expense is estimated to aggregate $15,000 per year over the next five year period. Renewal costs are expensed when incurred. Long-Lived Asset Impairment The Company evaluates long-lived assets, other than intangible assets with indefinite lives, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Asset groups are determined at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. When the carrying amount of a long-lived asset group is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over the estimated fair value. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value because of the short term maturity of these instruments. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue in the period that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the product has occurred or services have been rendered, it is able to determine the amount of revenue and when the collection of such amount is considered probable. In accordance with the guidance provided in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605-45-45, Revenue Recognition – Principal Agent Considerations, the Company has determined that it is the primary obligor with respect to the service revenue derived from sales of the Company’s software applications through its Tier I domestic carrier partners. As a result, revenue is recorded at the gross amount billed to end-user customers for sales through these carrier partners. The Company recognized service revenue for its international carrier (which business relationship terminated in July 2015) on the net amount billed since it has determined that it is not the primary obligor. The Company also sells service and applications directly to end-users, which are billed and collected directly by the Company. In September 2014, Motorola paid the Company an upfront, fully-paid leasing fee of $7.5 million in order to lease a portion of the Company’s wireless spectrum licenses. The payment of the fee is accounted for as d eferred r evenue on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes leasing revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 840, Leases. The fee is amortized using the straight-line method over the lease term of approximately ten years, which represents the time period in which the benefits of the leased property are expected to be depleted. The Company evaluates certain transactions for its DispatchPlus service offering to determine whether they should be viewed as a Multiple Element Arrangement provided in ASC Topic 605-25. Judgment is required to properly identify the accounting units of the multiple deliverable transactions and to determine the manner in which revenue should be allocated among the units of accounting. Multiple deliverable arrangements are presumed to be bundled transactions, and the total consideration is measured and allocated to the separate transactions based on their relative selling price with certain limitations. The relative selling price for each deliverable is determined using vendor-specific objective evidence (“V SOE”) of selling price or third party evidence of selling price if VSOE does not exist. If neither VSOE nor third party evidence of selling price exist, the Company uses its best estimate of the selling price for the deliverable. The Company has determined that the rental of user devices in connection with service contracts for its DispatchPlus service a re multiple deliverable arrangements. Cost of Revenue The Company’s cost of revenue relating to sales of its software applications through its wireless carrier partners includes the portion of service revenue retained by its domestic carrier partners pursuant to its agreements with these parties, which may include network services, connectivity, SMS service, sales, marketing, billing and other ancillary services. With respect to its recently launched DispatchPlus service offering, the Company’s cost of revenue includes the costs of operating its dispatch network, and its cloud-based solutions and to a lesser degree, the costs associated with the sales of the relevant user devices. Shipping and Handling Costs Costs associated to shipping and handling of two-way radios to dealers or end-user customers are recognized as incurred and included in cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Indirect Sales Commissions Cash consideration given to a dealer is presumed to be a reduction of revenue unless the Company receives, or will receive, an identifiable benefit in exchange for the consideration, and the fair value of such benefit can be reasonably estimated, in which case the consideration will be recorded as a selling expense. The Company compensates its indirect sales representatives with an upfront commission and residual fees based on a customer’s continued use of its DispatchPlus s ervice . When a commission is earned solely due to the selling activity relating to the Company’s DispatchPlus service , the cost is recorded as a selling expense. The Company reviews and records the e stimated incentives payable to the indirect sales representatives as accrued expense on a monthly basis. Product Development Costs The Company charges all product and development costs to expense as incurred. Types of expense incurred in product and development include employee compensation, consulting, travel, facility costs and equipment and technology costs. Advertising and Promotional Expense The Company expenses advertising and promotional costs as incurred. Cooperative advertising reimbursements from vendors are recorded net of advertising and promotional expense in the period in which the related advertising and promotional expense is incurred. Advertising and promotional expense was $161,257 for the year ended March 31, 2016. No advertising costs were incurred in 2015 and 2014. Stock Compensation The Company accounts for restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units, and stock options in accordance with US GAAP, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense, based on the estimated fair value of awards granted to employees and directors. The Company estimates the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the requisite service periods. In the event the participant’s employment by or engagement with (as a director or otherwise) the Company terminates before exercise of the options granted, the stock options granted to the participant shall immediately expire and all rights to purchase shares thereunder shall immediately cease and expire and be of no further force or effect, other than applicable exercise rights for vested shares that may extend past the termination date as provided for in the participant’s applicable option award agreement. Additionally, the Compensation Committee adopted an Executive Severance Plan (the “Severance Plan”) in February 2015, and the Company subsequently entered into Severance Plan Participation Agreements with its executive officers and certain key employees. In addition to providing participants with severance payments, the Severance Plan provides for accelerated vesting and extends the exercise period for outstanding equity awards if the Company terminates a participant’s service for reasons other than cause, death or disability or the participant terminates his or her service for good reason, whether before or after a change of control (each of such terms as defined in the Severance Plan). To calculate option-based compensation, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company’s determination of fair value of option-based awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model is affected by assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables. The fair value of restricted stock , restricted stock units and performance units are measured based upon the quoted closing market price for the stock on the date of grant. The compensation cost for the restricted stock and restricted stock units is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The compensation cost for the performance units is recognized when the performance criteria are expected to be complete. No tax benefits were attributed to the share-based compensation expense because the Company maintained a full valuation allowance for all net d eferred tax assets. Income Taxes The Company follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, taxes consist of taxes currently payable plus those deferred due to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of certain assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes The Company recognizes the effect of tax positions only when they are more likely than not to be sustained. Management has determined that the C ompany had no uncertain tax positions that would require financial statement recognition or disclosure. The C ompany is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state or local income tax examinations for periods prior to 2012. Net Loss Per Share of Common Stock Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, preferred stock, convertible notes payable-affiliated entities, stock options, restricted stock and warrants are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods. Common stock equivalents resulting from potentially dilutive securities approximated 1,130,000 , 1,000,000 and 1,630,000 at March 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and have not been included in the dilutive weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, as their effects are anti-dilutive. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , ("ASU 2014-09") which supersedes current revenue recognition guidance, including most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services, and also requires additional disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The guidance, as stated in ASU 2014-09, is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date," which defers the effective date by one year, with early adoption on the original effective date permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential impact the new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements . This ASU requires management to assess an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern by incorporating and expanding upon certain principles that are currently in the U.S. auditing standards. Specifically, the ASU (1) provides a definition of the term substantial doubt, (2) requires an evaluation every reporting period including interim periods, (3) provides principles for considering the mitigating effect of management’s plans, (4) requires certain disclosures when substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of consideration of management’s plan, (5) requires an express statement and other disclosures when substantial doubt is not alleviated, and (6) requires an assessment for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). This standard is effective for the fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the potential impact it will have on its consolidated financial statements. In April 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs , which changes the presentation of debt issuance costs in the financial statements. ASU 2015-03 requires an entity to present such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs will continue to be reported as interest expense. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The guidance will be applied retrospectively to each period presented. The adoption of this standard update is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In July 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory: Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory , which changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to lower of cost and net realizable value. The ASU also eliminates the requirement for these entities to consider replacement cost or net realizable value less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. This guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. In September 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments , which requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, including the cumulative effect of the change in provisional amount as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The adjustments related to previous reporting periods since the acquisition date must be disclosed by income statement line item either on the face of the income statement or in the notes. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2015, with early application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The amendments are to be applied prospectively to adjustments that occur after the effective date. The amendments will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2016 and will be applied, as necessary, to future business combinations. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes . This update, which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes, requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as non-current in a classified statement of financial position. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Earlier adoption is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. This amendment may be applied either prospectively or retrospective ly to all periods presented. The Company decided to early adopt this ASU on a prospective basis with no impact on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Instruments and Financial Liabilities . This update requires that equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation) be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendments in this update also simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values. This update is effective for our fiscal y ear beginning April 1, 2018. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases . The ASU amends a number of aspects of lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize operating leases with a term greater than one year on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, measured at the present value of the lease pa yments. The ASU also requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements to increase the transparency and comparability among organizations. The accounting for lessors does not fundamentally change except for changes to conform and align guidance to the lessee guidance as well as to the new revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation, Improvements to Employee Share-Based payment Accounting (Topic 718) . This update is intended to provide simplification of the accounting for share based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. This update is effective for our fiscal year beginning April 1 , 2017. Early adoption is permitted. I n April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing . ASU 2016-10 is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the guidance in the FASB's new revenue standard on identifying performance obligations, and is also intended to improve the operability and understandability of the licensing implementation guidance. The effective date for ASU 2016-10 is the same as for ASU 2014-09 Management is evaluating the impact of the new guidance will have on its c onsolidated f inancial s tatements. Subsequent Events Evaluation by Management Management has evaluated subsequent events for disclosure and/or recognition in the financial statements through the date that the financial statements were issued. |