Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Business Combinations Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Business and Basis of Presentation |
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The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of LiqTech International, Inc. (“Parent”) and its subsidiaries. The terms "Company", “us", "we" and "our" as used in this report refer to Parent and its subsidiaries, which are set forth below. The Company engages in the development, design, production, marketing and sale of liquid filters, diesel particulate air filters and kiln furniture in United States, Canada, Europe, Asia and South America. Set forth below is a description of Parent and each of its subsidiaries: |
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LiqTech International, Inc., a Nevada corporation organized in July 2004, formerly known as Blue Moose Media, Inc. |
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LiqTech USA, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent formed in May 2011. |
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LiqTech International AS, a Danish corporation, incorporated on January 15, 2000 (“LiqTech Int. DK”), a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech USA, engages in development, design, application, marketing and sales of membranes on ceramic diesel particulate and liquid filters and catalytic converters in Europe, Asia and South America. |
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LiqTech NA, Inc. (“LiqTech NA”), incorporated in Delaware on July 1, 2005, a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech USA as of December 31, 2013, prior to December 31, 2013 LiqTech NA, Inc. was owned 90% by LiqTech International AS and 10% by LiqTech USA, LiqTech NA, Inc. engages in the production, marketing and sale of ceramic diesel particulate and liquid filters and kiln furniture in United States and Canada. |
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LiqTech Asia (“LiqTech Asia”) a 60% owned subsidiary of LiqTech Int. DK, incorporated in South Korea on July 20, 2006, is currently a dormant subsidiary. |
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LiqTech Germany (“LiqTech Germany”) a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech Int. DK, incorporated in Germany on December 9, 2011, engages in marketing and sale of liquid filters in Germany. |
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LiqTech PTE Ltd, (“LiqTech Sing”) a 95% owned subsidiary of LiqTech Int. DK, incorporated in Singapore on January 19, 2012, engages in marketing and sale of liquid filters in Singapore and other countries in the area. |
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The accompanying financial statements are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows at March 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the periods then ended have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted. It is suggested that these condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s December 31, 2013 audited financial statements. The results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. |
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Consolidation -- The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Company. The non-controlling interests in the net assets of the subsidiaries are recorded in equity. The non-controlling interests of the results of operations of the subsidiaries are included in the results of operations and recorded as the non-controlling interest in subsidiaries. All material inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in the consolidation. |
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Functional Currency / Foreign currency translation -- The functional currency of LiqTech International, Inc., LiqTech USA, Inc. and LiqTech NA is the U.S. Dollar. The Functional Currency of LiqTech Int DK is the Danish Krone (“DKK”), the functional currency of LiqTech Germany is the Euro and the functional currency of LiqTech Singapore is the Singapore Dollar, the functional Currency of LiqTech Asia is South Korean Won. The Company’s reporting currency is U.S. Dollar for the purpose of these financial statements. The foreign subsidiaries balance sheet accounts are translated into U.S. Dollars at the period-end exchange rates and all revenue and expenses are translated into U.S. Dollars at the average exchange rates prevailing during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. Translation gains and losses are deferred and accumulated as a component of other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses that arose from exchange rate fluctuations from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the statement of operations as incurred. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents -- The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company had no balances held in financial institution in the United States in excess of federally insured amounts at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Allowance for Loan Losses Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Accounts Receivable -- Accounts receivables consist of trade receivables arising in the normal course of business. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts which reflects the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. The Company determines the allowance based on known troubled accounts, historical experience, and other currently available evidence. |
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The roll forward of the allowance for doubtful accounts for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 is as follows: |
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| | 2014 | | | 2013 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts at the beginning of the period | | $ | 608,356 | | | $ | 1,243,500 | |
Bad debt expense | | | - | | | | 72,548 | |
Amount of receivables written off | | | - | | | | (770,738 | ) |
Effect of currency translation | | | (221 | ) | | | 63,046 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts at the end of the period | | $ | 608,135 | | | $ | 608,356 | |
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Inventory -- Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or market, as determined on the first-in, first-out method. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Property and Equipment -- Property and equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized, upon being placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial statement purposes on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from three to ten years (See Note 3). |
Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Long-Term Investments -- Investments in non-consolidated companies are included in long-term investments in the consolidated balance sheet and are accounted for under the cost method and equity method. For these non-quoted investments, we regularly review the assumptions underlying the operating performance and cash flow forecasts based on information requested from these privately held companies. Generally, this information may be more limited, may not be as timely as and may be less accurate than information available from publicly traded companies. Assessing each investment's carrying value requires significant judgment by management. If it is determined that there is an-other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of a non-public equity security, we write-down the investment to its fair value and record the related write-down as an investment loss in the consolidated statement of operations. |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Intangible Assets -- Definite life intangible assets include patents. The Company accounts for definite life intangible assets in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification, (“ASC”) Topic 350, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” and amortized the patents on a straight line basis over the estimated useful life of two to ten years. |
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Revenue Recognition and Sales Incentives -- The Company accounts for revenue recognition in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements” (SAB 101), FASB ASC 605 Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when rights and risk of ownership have passed to the customer, when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, product has been shipped or delivered to the customer, the price and terms are finalized, and collections of resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Products are primarily shipped FOB shipping point at which time title passes to the customer. In some instances the Company uses common carriers for the delivery of products. In these arrangements, sales are recognized upon delivery to the customer. The Company's revenue arrangements with its customers often include early payment discounts and such sales incentives are recorded against sales. |
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The Company has received various grants from government entities for development and use of silicon carbide membranes in various water filtration and treatment applications. Revenues from grants are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the percentage of project costs incurred to date to estimated total project costs for each grant multiplied by the grant income on a project by project basis. This method is used because management considers costs incurred to be the best available measure of progress on contracts in process. |
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Project costs of the grants include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to the project. Project costs are capitalized and accreted into cost of sales based on the percentage of the project completed. Should a loss be estimated on an incomplete project it would be recorded in the period in which such a loss is determined. Changes in estimated profitability of a project are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. The aggregate of costs incurred and income recognized on incomplete projects are recorded as costs in excess of billings and are shown as a current asset. The aggregate of billings in excess of related costs incurred and income recognized on projects is shown as a current liability. |
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In Denmark, Value Added Tax (“VAT”) of 25% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities. |
Advertising Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Advertising Cost -- Cost incurred in connection with advertising of the Company’s products is expensed as incurred. Such costs amounted to $3,462 and $11,788, for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
Research, Development, and Computer Software, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Research and Development Cost -- The Company expenses research and development costs for the development of new products as incurred. Included in operating expense for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 were $100,586, and $146,985, respectively, of research and development costs. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Income Taxes -- The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes. This statement requires an asset and liability approach for accounting for income taxes. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Loss Per Share -- The Company calculates earnings (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260 Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per common share (EPS) are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per common share are based on shares outstanding (computed as under basic EPS) and potentially dilutive common shares. Potential common shares included in the diluted earnings per share calculation include in-the-money stock options that have been granted but have not been exercised. |
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Stock Options and rewards - During the years presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has granted options and restricted stocks. The Company accounts for options and restricted stocks in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock and Reward Compensation. Non-cash compensation costs of $161,018 and $31,369 have been recognized for the vesting of options and restricted stocks granted to employees and directors with an associated recognized tax benefit of $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See note 10. |
Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments -- The Company accounts for fair value measurements for financial assets and financial liabilities in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820. The authoritative guidance, which, among other things, defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as the exit price, representing the amount that would either be received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: |
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● Level 1. Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; |
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● Level 2. Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and |
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● Level 3. Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. |
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Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, investments, accounts payable, accrued expenses, capital lease obligations and notes payable approximates their recorded values due to their short-term maturities. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Accounting Estimates -- The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimated. |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements -- In March 2013, the FASB issued guidance on a parent’s accounting for the cumulative translation adjustment upon derecognition of a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity. This new guidance requires that the parent release any related cumulative translation adjustment into net income only if the sale or transfer results in the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in which the subsidiary or group of assets had resided. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning July 1, 2014. We do not anticipate material impacts on our financial statements upon adoption. |