LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES As of September 30, 2018 , the Company had $1.2 billion in loans receivable outstanding. Loans held for sale totaled $2.2 million at September 30, 2018 . The portfolios of loans receivable at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, consist of the following: September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount Amount (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 37,689 $ 38,972 Construction 134,436 95,625 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 130,491 126,250 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 291,700 270,472 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 518,561 416,317 Residential – Multifamily 52,038 47,832 Consumer 14,934 16,249 Total Loans $ 1,179,849 $ 1,011,717 An age analysis of past due loans by class at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 as follows: September 30, 2018 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Current Total Loans > 90 Days and Accruing (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ — $ 128 $ 14 $ 142 $ 37,547 $ 37,689 $ — Construction — — 1,365 1,365 133,071 134,436 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — — — 130,491 130,491 — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied — — 290 290 291,410 291,700 — Residential – 1 to 4 Family 928 1,417 2,345 516,216 518,561 — Residential – Multifamily — — — — 52,038 52,038 — Consumer 134 — — 134 14,800 14,934 — Total Loans $ 134 $ 1,056 $ 3,086 $ 4,276 $ 1,175,573 $ 1,179,849 $ — December 31, 2017 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Current Total Loans > 90 Days and Accruing (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ — $ — $ 17 $ 17 $ 38,955 $ 38,972 $ — Construction — — 1,392 1,392 94,233 95,625 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — 155 155 126,095 126,250 — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied — — 597 597 269,875 270,472 — Residential – 1 to 4 Family — 352 2,292 2,644 413,673 416,317 — Residential – Multifamily — — — — 47,832 47,832 — Consumer 92 — 81 173 16,076 16,249 — Total Loans $ 92 $ 352 $ 4,534 $ 4,978 $ 1,006,739 $ 1,011,717 $ — Allowance For Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) We maintain the ALLL at a level that we believe to be appropriate to absorb estimated probable credit losses incurred in the loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date. We established our allowance in accordance with guidance provided in Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") - Contingencies (ASC 450) and Receivables (ASC 310). Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires significant judgment reflecting the best estimate of credit losses related to specifically identified impaired loans as well as probable loan losses in the remaining loan portfolio. These evaluations are inherently subjective, as they require material estimates and may be susceptible to significant change. The allowance for loan and lease losses is reviewed by the management of the Company monthly and discussed with the audit committee at least quarterly. Our allowance for loan losses includes a formula-based component and an asset-specific component. The asset-specific component of the allowance relates to loans considered to be impaired, which includes loans that have been modified in troubled debt restructuring (TDRs) as well as nonperforming loans. To determine the asset-specific component of the allowance, the loans are evaluated individually based on the borrower's ability to repay amounts owed, collateral, relative risk grade of the loans, and other factors given current events and conditions. The Company generally measures the asset-specific allowance as the difference between the fair value (net realizable value) and the recorded investment of a loan. The formula-based component of the allowance incorporates historical valuation allowance and general valuation allowance. The historical loss experience is measured by type of credit and internal risk grade, loss severity, specific homogeneous risk pools. A historical loss ratio and valuation allowance are established for each pool of similar loans and updated periodically based on actual charge-off experience and current events. The general valuation allowance is based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. It is generally determined by evaluating, among other things: (i) the experience, ability and effectiveness of the Bank's lending management and staff; (ii) the effectiveness of the Bank's loan policies, procedures and internal controls; (iii) changes in asset quality; (iv) changes in loan portfolio volume; (v) the composition and concentrations of credit; (vi) the impact of competition on loan structuring and pricing; (vii) the effectiveness of the internal loan review function; (viii) the impact of environmental risks on portfolio risks; (ix) the impact of rising interest rates on portfolio risk; and (x) national and local economic trends and conditions, and industry conditions. Management evaluates the degree of risk that each one of these components has on the quality of the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis. Each component is determined to have either a high, high-moderate, moderate, low-moderate or low degree of risk. The results are then input into a "general allocation matrix" to determine an appropriate general valuation allowance. When evaluating the adequacy of the allowance, the assessment is highly judgmental as the measurement relies upon estimates such as loss severity, asset valuations, default rates, the amounts and timing of interest or principal payments or other factors that are reflective of current and expected market conditions. These estimates are, in turn, dependent on factors such as the duration of current overall economic conditions, industry, portfolio, or borrower-specific factors, the expected outcome of insolvency proceedings as well as, in certain circumstances, other economic factors, including the level of future home prices. All of these estimates and assumptions require significant management judgment and certain assumptions are highly subjective. The following tables present the information regarding the allowance for loan and lease losses and associated loan data: Real Estate Mortgage Commercial and Industrial Construction Commercial Owner Occupied Commercial Non-owner Occupied Residential 1 to 4 Family Residential Multifamily Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses (amounts in thousands) Three months ended Sept.30, 2018 June 30, 2018 $ 539 $ 1,998 $ 1,961 $ 5,260 $ 6,666 $ 619 $ 230 17,273 Charge-offs — — — — — — (1 ) (1 ) Recoveries 10 — 12 6 18 — — 46 Provisions 298 30 (12 ) (314 ) 575 32 (9 ) 600 Ending Balance at Sept. 30, 2018 $ 847 $ 2,028 $ 1,961 $ 4,952 $ 7,259 $ 651 $ 220 $ 17,918 Allowance for loan losses Nine months ended Sept. 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 $ 684 $ 2,068 $ 2,017 $ 4,630 $ 6,277 $ 627 $ 230 16,533 Charge-offs — (27 ) — (49 ) — — (19 ) (95 ) Recoveries 40 — 153 61 26 — — 280 Provisions 123 (13 ) (209 ) 310 956 24 9 1,200 Ending Balance at Sept. 30, 2018 $ 847 $ 2,028 $ 1,961 $ 4,952 $ 7,259 $ 651 $ 220 $ 17,918 Allowance for loan losses Individually evaluated for impairment $ 14 $ 71 $ 49 $ 194 $ 14 $ — $ — $ 342 Collectively evaluated for impairment 833 1,957 1,912 4,758 7,245 651 220 17,576 Balance at Sept. 30, 2018 $ 847 $ 2,028 $ 1,961 $ 4,952 $ 7,259 $ 651 $ 220 $ 17,918 Loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ 14 $ 5,690 $ 3,320 $ 11,716 $ 2,294 $ — $ — $ 23,034 Collectively evaluated for impairment 37,675 128,746 127,171 279,984 516,267 52,038 14,934 1,156,815 Balance at Sept. 30, 2018 $ 37,689 $ 134,436 $ 130,491 $ 291,700 $ 518,561 $ 52,038 $ 14,934 $ 1,179,849 Real Estate Mortgage Commercial and Industrial Construction Commercial Owner Occupied Commercial Non-owner Occupied Residential 1 to 4 Family Residential Multifamily Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses (amounts in thousands) Three months ended Sept. 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 $ 1,202 $ 2,258 $ 1,835 $ 4,915 $ 5,422 $ 699 $ 228 16,559 Charge-offs — (687 ) — (621 ) — (50 ) — (1,358 ) Recoveries 3 — 25 102 10 — — 140 Provisions (549 ) 454 (33 ) 225 386 18 (1 ) 500 Ending Balance at Sept. 30, 2017 $ 656 $ 2,025 $ 1,827 $ 4,621 $ 5,818 $ 667 $ 227 $ 15,841 Allowance for loan losses Nine months ended Sept. 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 $ 1,188 $ 2,764 $ 2,082 $ 3,889 $4,916 $ 505 $ 236 $ 15,580 Charge-offs (134 ) (687 ) (430 ) (622 ) (118 ) (50 ) — (2,041 ) Recoveries 45 — 94 148 15 — — 302 Provisions (443 ) (52 ) 81 1,206 1,005 212 (9 ) 2,000 Ending Balance at Sept. 30, 2017 $ 656 $ 2,025 $ 1,827 $ 4,621 $ 5,818 $ 667 $ 227 $ 15,841 Allowance for loan losses Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 124 $ 55 $ 208 $ 15 $ — $ — $ 402 Collectively evaluated for impairment 656 1,901 1,772 4,413 5,803 667 227 15,439 Balance at Sept. 30, 2017 $ 656 $ 2,025 $ 1,827 $ 4,621 $ 5,818 $ 667 $ 227 $ 15,841 Loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ 18 $ 6,146 $ 3,881 $ 12,523 $ 4,339 $ — $ 17 $ 26,924 Collectively evaluated for impairment 28,028 81,679 110,265 262,791 377,128 50,532 15,999 926,422 Balance at Sept. 30, 2017 $ 28,046 $ 87,825 $ 114,146 $ 275,314 $ 381,467 $ 50,532 $ 16,016 $ 953,346 Impaired Loans A loan is considered impaired when, based on the current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the payments of principal and interest as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management's opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when a loan is 90 days past due, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection, as required by regulatory provisions. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. All our impaired loans are assessed for recoverability based on an independent third-party full appraisal to determine the net realizable value (“NRV”) based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less cost to sell and other costs or the present value of discounted cash flows in the case of certain impaired loans that are not collateral dependent. The following tables provide further detail on impaired loans and the associated ALLL at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 : September 30, 2018 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance (amounts in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial $ — $ — $ — Construction — — — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 290 290 — Residential – 1 to 4 Family 1,417 1,417 — Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — 1,707 1,707 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial 14 19 14 Construction 5,690 10,180 71 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,320 3,350 49 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,426 11,426 194 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 877 877 14 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — 21,327 25,852 342 Total: Commercial and Industrial 14 19 14 Construction 5,690 10,180 71 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,320 3,350 49 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,716 11,716 194 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 2,294 2,294 14 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — $ 23,034 $ 27,559 $ 342 December 31, 2017 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance (amounts in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial $ 17 $ 21 $ — Construction 1,365 5,856 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 155 155 — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 277 277 — Residential – 1 to 4 Family 2,292 2,354 — Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer 81 81 — 4,187 8,744 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial — — — Construction 4,587 4,684 135 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,635 3,665 58 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 12,124 13,941 250 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 919 919 15 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — 21,265 23,209 458 Total: Commercial and Industrial 17 21 — Construction 5,952 10,540 135 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,790 3,820 58 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 12,401 14,218 250 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 3,211 3,273 15 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer 81 81 — $ 25,452 $ 31,953 $ 458 The following table presents by loan portfolio class, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 : Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 2017 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 15 $ — $ 22 $ — Construction 5,735 48 10,760 51 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,465 41 3,955 49 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,773 155 14,392 153 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 2,302 10 4,410 20 Residential – Multifamily — — — — Consumer — — 17 — Total $ 23,290 $ 254 $ 33,556 $ 273 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 2017 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 16 $ 1 $ 23 $ 1 Construction 5,830 145 8,863 152 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 3,605 137 4,018 146 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,988 451 13,733 463 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 2,751 37 4,420 63 Residential – Multifamily — — — — Consumer 20 — 18 1 Total $ 24,210 $ 771 $ 31,075 $ 826 Troubled debt restructuring (TDRs) A TDR is a loan the terms of which have been restructured in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. TDRs result from our loss mitigation activities that include rate reductions, extension of maturity, or a combination of both, which are intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. TDRs are classified as impaired loans and are included in the impaired loan disclosures. TDRs are also evaluated to determine whether they should be placed on non-accrual status. Once a loan becomes a TDR, it will continue to be reported as a TDR until it is repaid in full, foreclosed, sold or it meets the criteria to be removed from TDR status. At the time a loan is modified in a TDR, we consider the following factors to determine whether the loan should accrue interest: • Whether there is a period of current payment history under the current terms, typically 6 months; • Whether the loan is current at the time of restructuring; and • Whether we expect the loan to continue to perform under the restructured terms with a debt coverage ratio that complies with the Bank’s credit underwriting policy of 1.25 times debt service. We also review the financial performance of the borrower over the past year to be reasonably assured of repayment and performance according to the modified terms. This review consists of an analysis of the borrower’s historical results; the borrower’s projected results over the next four quarters; and current financial information of the borrower and any guarantors. The projected repayment source needs to be reliable, verifiable, quantifiable and sustainable. In addition, all TDRs are reviewed quarterly to determine the amount of any impairment. At the time of restructuring, the amount of the loan principal for which we are not reasonably assured of repayment is charged-off, but not forgiven. As September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , we reported TDR loans of $20.2 million and $ 21.2 million , respectively. There were no new loans modified as a TDR and no additional commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017 , respectively. Performing TDRs (not reported as non-accrual loans) totaled $19.9 million and $20.9 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Nonperforming TDRs were $290,000 and $277,000 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Loans modified in a TDR are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of impairment of TDRs, including those that have experienced a subsequent default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses. For the TDR loans, we had specific reserves of $323,000 and $457,000 in the allowance at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. TDRs are generally included in nonaccrual loans and may return to performing status after a minimum of six consecutive monthly payments under restructured terms and also meeting other performance indicators. Credit Quality Indicators : As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to the risk grades of loans, the level of classified loans, net charge-offs, nonperforming loans (see details above) and the general economic conditions in the region. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 7 . Grades 1 through 4 are considered “Pass”. A description of the general characteristics of the seven risk grades is as follows: 1. Good : Borrower exhibits the strongest overall financial condition and represents the most creditworthy profile. 2. Satisfactory (A) : Borrower reflects a well-balanced financial condition, demonstrates a high level of creditworthiness and typically will have a strong banking relationship with the Bank. 3. Satisfactory (B) : Borrower exhibits a balanced financial condition and does not expose the Bank to more than a normal or average overall amount of risk. Loans are considered fully collectable. 4. Watch List : Borrower reflects a fair financial condition, but there exists an overall greater than average risk. Risk is deemed acceptable by virtue of increased monitoring and control over borrowings. Probability of timely repayment is present. 5. Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM) : Financial condition is such that assets in this category have a potential weakness or pose unwarranted financial risk to the Bank even though the asset value is not currently impaired. The asset does not currently warrant adverse classification but if not corrected could weaken and could create future increased risk exposure. Includes loans that require an increased degree of monitoring or servicing as a result of internal or external changes. 6. Substandard : This classification represents more severe cases of #5 (OAEM) characteristics that require increased monitoring. Assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral. Asset has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that impairs the ability to repay debt and jeopardizes the timely liquidation or realization of the collateral at the asset’s net book value. 7. Doubtful : Assets which have all the weaknesses inherent in those assets classified #6 (Substandard) but the risks are more severe relative to financial deterioration in capital and/or asset value; accounting/evaluation techniques may be questionable and the overall possibility for collection in full is highly improbable. Borrowers in this category require constant monitoring, are considered work-out loans and present the potential for future loss to the Bank. An analysis of the credit risk profile by internally assigned grades as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is as follows: At September 30, 2018 Pass OAEM Substandard Doubtful Total (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 37,610 $ 79 $ — $ — $ 37,689 Construction 121,078 5,447 7,911 — 134,436 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 128,162 2,329 — — 130,491 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 291,275 — 425 — 291,700 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 516,255 764 1,542 — 518,561 Residential – Multifamily 52,038 — — — 52,038 Consumer 14,934 — — — 14,934 Total $ 1,161,352 $ 8,619 $ 9,878 $ — $ 1,179,849 At December 31, 2017 Pass OAEM Substandard Doubtful Total (amounts in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 38,875 $ 97 $ — $ — $ 38,972 Construction 82,351 5,056 8,218 — 95,625 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 123,491 2,604 155 — 126,250 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 269,736 — 736 — 270,472 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 413,327 560 2,430 — 416,317 Residential – Multifamily 47,832 — — — 47,832 Consumer 16,168 — 81 — 16,249 Total $ 991,780 $ 8,317 $ 11,620 $ — $ 1,011,717 |