Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Receivable As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $1.79 billion in loans receivable outstanding. Outstanding balances include $2.7 million and $1.9 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for net deferred loan costs, and unamortized discounts. The portfolios of loans receivable at December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, consist of the following, by portfolio segment: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 35,451 $ 32,383 Construction 157,556 192,357 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 141,742 125,950 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 369,909 377,452 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 449,682 444,820 Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment 524,167 476,210 Residential – Multifamily 103,324 95,556 Consumer 5,509 6,731 Total Loan receivable 1,787,340 1,751,459 Allowance for credit losses on loans (32,131) (31,845) Total loan receivable, net of allowance for credit losses on loans $ 1,755,209 $ 1,719,614 An age analysis of past due loans by class at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 as follows: December 31, 2023 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Current Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ — $ — $ 712 $ 712 $ 34,739 $ 35,451 Construction — — 1,091 1,091 156,465 157,556 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — 1,117 1,117 140,625 141,742 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied — 1,549 3,107 4,656 365,253 369,909 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 58 1,793 1,211 3,062 446,620 449,682 Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment — 440 — 440 523,727 524,167 Residential – Multifamily — — — — 103,324 103,324 Consumer 66 — — 66 5,443 5,509 Total Loans $ 124 $ 3,782 $ 7,238 $ 11,144 $ 1,776,196 $ 1,787,340 December 31, 2022 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Current Total Loans (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ — $ 89 $ — $ 89 $ 32,294 $ 32,383 Construction — — 1,091 1,091 191,266 192,357 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — 400 400 125,550 125,950 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied — — 14,553 14,553 362,899 377,452 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 58 — 162 220 444,600 444,820 Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment — — — — 476,210 476,210 Residential – Multifamily — — — — 95,556 95,556 Consumer 78 — 70 148 6,583 6,731 Total Loans $ 136 $ 89 $ 16,276 $ 16,501 $ 1,734,958 $ 1,751,459 The following table provides the amortized cost of loans on nonaccrual status: December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands) Nonaccrual with no ACL Nonaccrual with ACL Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due Over 90 Days Still Accruing Total Nonperforming Commercial and Industrial $ 277 $ 435 $ 712 $ — $ 712 Construction 1,091 — 1,091 — 1,091 Commercial - Owner Occupied 717 400 1,117 — 1,117 Commercial - Non-owner Occupied 3,107 — 3,107 — 3,107 Residential - 1 to 4 Family 1,211 — 1,211 — 1,211 Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment — — — — — Residential - Multifamily — — — — — Consumer — — — — — Total $ 6,403 $ 835 $ 7,238 $ — $ 7,238 December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands) Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due Over 90 Days Still Accruing Commercial and Industrial $ — $ — Construction 1,091 — Commercial - Owner Occupied 587 — Commercial - Non-owner Occupied 19,568 — Residential - 1 to 4 Family 417 — Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment — — Residential - Multifamily — — Consumer 70 — Total $ 21,733 $ — Allowance For Credit Losses (ACL) We maintain the ACL at a level that we believe to be appropriate to absorb estimated credit losses in the loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date. We established our allowance in accordance with guidance provided in Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("ASC 326"). The following tables present the information regarding the allowance for credit losses and associated loan data by portfolio segment under the CECL model in accordance with ASC 326: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 As of December 31, 2023 Real Estate Mortgage (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Construction Commercial Owner Occupied Commercial Non-owner Occupied Residential 1 to 4 Family Residential 1 to 4 Family Investment Residential Multifamily Consumer Total December 31, 2022 $ 390 $ 2,581 $ 2,298 $ 9,709 $ 6,076 $ 9,381 $ 1,347 $ 63 $ 31,845 Impact of adoption ASC 326 168 1,899 (171) (951) 1,782 (794) (128) 53 1,858 Charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Recoveries 15 — 3 — — — — — 18 Provisions (benefits) 353 (1,133) (335) (1,650) 1,203 196 (170) (54) (1,590) Ending Balance December 31 2023 $ 926 $ 3,347 $ 1,795 $ 7,108 $ 9,061 $ 8,783 $ 1,049 $ 62 $ 32,131 The increase in allowance for credit losses for construction is due to an increase in the vintage loss rate upon the implementation of CECL, partially offset by a decrease in loan balance during the year. The increase in the allowance for credit losses for residential 1 to 4 family is due to an increase in the vintage loss rate upon the implementation of CECL, as well as an increase in loan balance during the year. The decrease in allowance for credit losses for residential 1 to 4 family investment, and residential multifamily is due to lower vintage loss rates upon the implementation of CECL, partially offset by increases in loan balances during the year. The decrease in allowance for credit losses for commercial non-owner occupied is due to lower vintage loss rates upon the implementation of CECL, a decrease in loan balance, and a decrease in loss rates due to a decrease in non-performing loans. The following tables present the information regarding the allowance for loan losses and associated loan data by portfolio segment under the incurred loss model: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 As of December 31, 2022 Real Estate Mortgage (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Construction Commercial Owner Occupied Commercial Non-owner Occupied Residential 1 to 4 Family Residential 1 to 4 Family Investment Residential Multifamily Consumer Total December 31, 2021 $ 417 $ 2,662 $ 2,997 $ 7,476 $ 7,045 $ 7,925 $ 1,215 $ 108 $ 29,845 Charge-offs — — — — (66) — — — (66) Recoveries 14 100 18 — 134 — — — 266 Provisions (41) (181) (717) 2,233 (1,037) 1,456 132 (45) 1,800 Ending Balance December 31 2022 $ 390 $ 2,581 $ 2,298 $ 9,709 $ 6,076 $ 9,381 $ 1,347 $ 63 $ 31,845 Allowance for loan losses Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ 31 $ 500 $ 18 $ — $ — $ — $ 549 Collectively evaluated for impairment 390 2,581 2,267 9,209 6,058 9,381 1,347 63 31,296 Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 390 $ 2,581 $ 2,298 $ 9,709 $ 6,076 $ 9,381 $ 1,347 $ 63 $ 31,845 Loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 1,091 $ 587 $ 19,568 $ 417 $ — $ — $ 70 $ 21,733 Collectively evaluated for impairment 32,383 191,266 125,363 357,884 444,403 476,210 95,556 6,661 1,729,726 Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 32,383 $ 192,357 $ 125,950 $ 377,452 $ 444,820 $ 476,210 $ 95,556 $ 6,731 $ 1,751,459 Collateral-Dependent Loans The following table presents the collateral-dependent loans by portfolio segment and collateral type at December 31, 2023: (amounts in thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Commercial and Industrial $ 712 $ — $ — Construction 1,091 — — Commercial - Owner Occupied 1,117 — — Commercial - Non-owner Occupied 3,107 — — Residential - 1 to 4 Family 1,211 — — Residential - 1 to 4 Family Investment — — — Residential - Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — Total $ 7,238 $ — $ — Credit Quality Indicators : As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to the risk grades of loans, the level of classified loans, net charge-offs, nonperforming loans (see details above) and the general economic conditions in the region. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 7. Grades 1 through 4 are considered “Pass”. A description of the general characteristics of the seven risk grades is as follows: 1. Good : Borrower exhibits the strongest overall financial condition and represents the most creditworthy profile. 2. Satisfactory (A) : Borrower reflects a well-balanced financial condition, demonstrates a high level of creditworthiness and typically will have a strong banking relationship with the Bank. 3. Satisfactory (B) : Borrower exhibits a balanced financial condition and does not expose the Bank to more than a normal or average overall amount of risk. Loans are considered fully collectable. 4. Watch List : Borrower reflects a fair financial condition, but there exists an overall greater than average risk. Risk is deemed acceptable by virtue of increased monitoring and control over borrowings. Probability of timely repayment is present. 5. Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM) : Financial condition is such that assets in this category have a potential weakness or pose unwarranted financial risk to the Bank even though the asset value is not currently individually evaluated. The asset does not currently warrant adverse classification but if not corrected could weaken and could create future increased risk exposure. Includes loans that require an increased degree of monitoring or servicing as a result of internal or external changes. 6. Substandard : This classification represents more severe cases of #5 (OAEM) characteristics that require increased monitoring. Assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral. Asset has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that impairs the ability to repay debt and jeopardizes the timely liquidation or realization of the collateral at the asset’s net book value. 7. Doubtful : Assets which have all the weaknesses inherent in those assets classified #6 (Substandard) but the risks are more severe relative to financial deterioration in capital and/or asset value; accounting/evaluation techniques may be questionable and the overall possibility for collection in full is highly improbable. Borrowers in this category require constant monitoring, are considered work-out loans and present the potential for future loss to the Bank. The following tables provide an analysis of loans by portfolio segment based on the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses, as of December 31, 2023 under the current expected credit loss model. (Dollars in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans at Amortized Cost Basis As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Commercial and Industrial Pass $ 4,724 $ 1,269 $ 87 $ 759 $ 598 $ 7,154 $ 20,148 $ 34,739 OAEM — — — — — — — — Substandard — 435 — — — — 277 712 Doubtful — — — — — — — — $ 4,724 $ 1,704 $ 87 $ 759 $ 598 $ 7,154 $ 20,425 $ 35,451 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction Pass $ 323 $ 3,335 $ 4,499 $ 195 $ — $ — $ 148,113 $ 156,465 OAEM — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 1,091 — 1,091 Doubtful — — — — — — — — $ 323 $ 3,335 $ 4,499 $ 195 $ — $ 1,091 $ 148,113 $ 157,556 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial – Owner Occupied Pass $ 19,842 $ 36,030 $ 21,536 $ 7,104 $ 8,346 $ 45,249 $ 2,518 $ 140,625 OAEM — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 1,117 — 1,117 Doubtful — — — — — — — — $ 19,842 $ 36,030 $ 21,536 $ 7,104 $ 8,346 $ 46,366 $ 2,518 $ 141,742 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied Pass $ 19,123 $ 93,805 $ 37,002 $ 33,316 $ 54,484 $ 112,471 $ 1,180 $ 351,381 OAEM — — — — — 15,421 — 15,421 Substandard — — — 250 2,586 271 — 3,107 Doubtful — — — — — — — — $ 19,123 $ 93,805 $ 37,002 $ 33,566 $ 57,070 $ 128,163 $ 1,180 $ 369,909 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential – 1 to 4 Family Performing $ 58,358 $ 117,044 $ 61,580 $ 33,037 $ 25,623 $ 148,124 $ 4,705 $ 448,471 Nonperforming 155 — — 285 771 — — 1,211 $ 58,513 $ 117,044 $ 61,580 $ 33,322 $ 26,394 $ 148,124 $ 4,705 $ 449,682 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential – 1 to 4 Family Investment Performing $ 87,734 $ 138,884 $ 116,487 $ 50,119 $ 54,576 $ 76,367 $ — $ 524,167 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — $ 87,734 $ 138,884 $ 116,487 $ 50,119 $ 54,576 $ 76,367 $ — $ 524,167 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential – Multifamily Pass $ 2,292 $ 23,030 $ 27,006 $ 12,159 $ 9,989 $ 28,848 $ — $ 103,324 OAEM — — — — — — — $ — Substandard — — — — — — — $ — Doubtful — — — — — — — — $ 2,292 $ 23,030 $ 27,006 $ 12,159 $ 9,989 $ 28,848 $ — $ 103,324 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,493 $ 16 $ 5,509 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,493 $ 16 $ 5,509 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — An analysis of the credit risk profile by internally assigned grades under the incurred loss model as of December 31, 2022 is as follows: December 31, 2022 Pass OAEM Substandard Doubtful Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 32,383 $ — $ — $ — $ 32,383 Construction 191,266 — 1,091 — 192,357 Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 122,523 3,027 400 — 125,950 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 362,899 — 14,553 — 377,452 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 920,868 — 162 — 921,030 Residential – Multifamily 95,556 — — — 95,556 Consumer 6,661 — 70 — 6,731 Total $ 1,732,156 $ 3,027 $ 16,276 $ — $ 1,751,459 Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty At December 31, 2023, the Company did not make any modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table provides detail on impaired loans and the associated ALLL at December 31, 2022: December 31, 2022 Recorded Unpaid Related (Dollars in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial $ — $ — $ — Construction 1,091 5,808 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied — — — Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,116 11,116 — Residential – 1 to 4 Family 162 162 — Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer 70 70 — 12,439 17,156 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial and Industrial — — — Construction — — — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 587 587 31 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 8,452 8,452 500 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 255 255 18 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer — — — 9,294 9,294 549 Total: Commercial and Industrial — — — Construction 1,091 5,808 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 587 587 31 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 19,568 19,568 500 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 417 417 18 Residential – Multifamily — — — Consumer 70 70 — $ 21,733 $ 26,450 $ 549 The following table presents by loan portfolio class, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the year ended December 31, 2022: 2022 Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial $ 114 $ — Construction 1,129 — Real Estate Mortgage: Commercial – Owner Occupied 1,772 31 Commercial – Non-owner Occupied 11,108 645 Residential – 1 to 4 Family 541 20 Residential – Multifamily — — Consumer 42 1 Total $ 14,706 $ 697 At December 31, 2022, we reported performing TDR loans (not reported as non-accrual loans) of $5.5 million. Non-performing TDRs were zero at December 31, 2022. There were no new loans modified as a TDR and no additional commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2022. Loans to Related Parties : In the normal course of business, the Company has granted loans to its executive officers, directors and their affiliates (related parties). All loans to related parties were made in the ordinary course of business. An analysis of the activity of such related party loans for 2023 is as follows: 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of year $ 843 Advances 301 Less: repayments (448) Balance, end of year $ 696 Pledged Loans: At December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately $1.3 billion and $923.0 million, respectively, of unpaid principal balance of loans were pledged to the FHLBNY on borrowings (Note 7). This pledge consists of a blanket lien on residential mortgages and certain qualifying commercial real estate loans. Concentrations of Credit |