UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended July 1, 2006
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 0-51333
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
Delaware | | 32-0047154 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1933 Milmont Drive
Milpitas, California 95035
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)
(408) 240-8300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of August 8, 2006, there were 27,746,835 shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share.
INDEX
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.Financial Statements
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
CURRENT ASSETS: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 58,820 | | | $ | 29,099 | |
Short-term investments | | | 156,508 | | | | 25,065 | |
Accounts receivable | | | 46,565 | | | | 49,700 | |
Inventories | | | 47,271 | | | | 40,649 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 6,504 | | | | 6,504 | |
Deferred cost of sales | | | 1,161 | | | | 8,665 | |
Prepaids and other current assets | | | 8,221 | | | | 4,111 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 325,050 | | | | 163,793 | |
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT—Net | | | 4,026 | | | | 2,588 | |
INTANGIBLE ASSETS—Net | | | 8,785 | | | | 9,421 | |
OTHER ASSETS | | | 2,898 | | | | 240 | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL | | $ | 340,759 | | | $ | 176,042 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 30,481 | | | $ | 28,226 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 7,992 | | | | 7,434 | |
Sales tax payable | | | 802 | | | | 857 | |
Income taxes payable | | | — | | | | 3,179 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 3,583 | | | | 11,771 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 42,858 | | | | 51,467 | |
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES | | | 304 | | | | 304 | |
DEFERRED RENT | | | 16 | | | | 28 | |
DEFERRED REVENUE | | | 2,192 | | | | 978 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 45,370 | | | | 52,777 | |
| | |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 14) | | | | | | | | |
| | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 120,000,000 shares authorized; 27,737,379 and 23,040,449 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively | | | 28 | | | | 23 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 391,029 | | | | 231,972 | |
Deferred stock-based compensation | | | — | | | | (1,805 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | | (40 | ) | | | 1 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (95,628 | ) | | | (106,926 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 295,389 | | | | 123,265 | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL | | $ | 340,759 | | | $ | 176,042 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except for share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
REVENUE | | $ | 88,648 | | | $ | 43,960 | | | $ | 173,040 | | | $ | 74,449 | |
COST OF REVENUE (a) | | | 68,465 | | | | 34,772 | | | | 133,363 | | | | 59,333 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
GROSS PROFIT | | | 20,183 | | | | 9,188 | | | | 39,677 | | | | 15,116 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
OPERATING EXPENSES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development (a) | | | 2,542 | | | | 497 | | | | 4,340 | | | | 845 | |
Sales and marketing (a) | | | 6,447 | | | | 3,698 | | | | 11,295 | | | | 6,679 | |
General and administrative (a) | | | 4,583 | | | | 1,881 | | | | 8,113 | | | | 3,530 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 13,572 | | | | 6,076 | | | | 23,748 | | | | 11,054 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS | | | 6,611 | | | | 3,112 | | | | 15,929 | | | | 4,062 | |
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)—Net: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in fair value of embedded derivatives in preferred stock (Note 13) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (4,192 | ) |
Interest income | | | 2,014 | | | | 17 | | | | 2,678 | | | | 19 | |
Interest expense | | | — | | | | (746 | ) | | | — | | | | (1,528 | ) |
Other income—net | | | 618 | | | | — | | | | 862 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other income (expense)—net | | | 2,632 | | | | (729 | ) | | | 3,540 | | | | (5,701 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX PROVISION | | | 9,243 | | | | 2,383 | | | | 19,469 | | | | (1,639 | ) |
INCOME TAX PROVISION | | | (3,917 | ) | | | (1,200 | ) | | | (8,171 | ) | | | (1,533 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME (LOSS) | | $ | 5,326 | | | $ | 1,183 | | | $ | 11,298 | | | $ | (3,172 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.19 | | | $ | 0.18 | | | $ | 0.43 | | | $ | (0.58 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.18 | | | $ | 0.07 | | | $ | 0.41 | | | $ | (0.58 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SHARES USED IN NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 27,692,918 | | | | 6,433,701 | | | | 25,983,657 | | | | 5,499,442 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | | 29,250,002 | | | | 16,457,415 | | | | 27,751,304 | | | | 5,499,442 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
____________ (a) Includes charges for stock-based compensation: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenue | | $ | 819 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 1,525 | | | $ | 48 | |
Research and development | | | 973 | | | | 19 | | | | 1,484 | | | | 36 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 1,369 | | | | 67 | | | | 2,223 | | | | 132 | |
General and administrative | | | 978 | | | | 33 | | | | 1,664 | | | | 65 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 4,139 | | | $ | 142 | | | $ | 6,896 | | | $ | 281 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands) (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 11,298 | | | $ | (3,172 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,326 | | | | 1,746 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable, net of writeoffs | | | 2 | | | | (87 | ) |
Provision for inventory | | | — | | | | 1,503 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (2,288 | ) | | | (1,784 | ) |
Accretion for preferred stock dividends recorded as interest expense | | | — | | | | 1,087 | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 6,896 | | | | 281 | |
Changes in fair value of embedded derivatives in preferred stock | | | — | | | | 4,192 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | 3,133 | | | | (10,206 | ) |
Inventories | | | (6,622 | ) | | | (6,507 | ) |
Prepaids and other assets (exclusive of excess tax benefits of stock option exercises) | | | (202 | ) | | | (631 | ) |
Prepaid asset relating to excess tax benefit of stock option exercises (Note 16) | | | (4,278 | ) | | | — | |
Accounts payable | | | 2,255 | | | | 8,074 | |
Sales tax payable | | | (55 | ) | | | 236 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 546 | | | | 297 | |
Income taxes payable | | | (3,179 | ) | | | 799 | |
Deferred cost of sales | | | 7,504 | | | | — | |
Deferred revenue | | | (6,973 | ) | | | 1,155 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | 9,363 | | | | (3,017 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of marketable securities | | | (199,270 | ) | | | — | |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities | | | 67,787 | | | | — | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (2,005 | ) | | | (352 | ) |
Expenditures for intangibles | | | (123 | ) | | | (49 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (133,611 | ) | | | (401 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings under line of credit, net | | | — | | | | (14,061 | ) |
Repurchase of common stock from Founders | | | — | | | | (6,000 | ) |
Payment of notes payable to related parties | | | — | | | | (1,493 | ) |
Redemption of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock | | | — | | | | (24,738 | ) |
Excess tax benefit of stock options exercised (Note 16) | | | 12,448 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon ESPP purchase | | | 829 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | | | 2,240 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial public offering—net of issuance costs | | | — | | | | 68,501 | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon follow on offering—net of issuance costs | | | 138,452 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 153,969 | | | | 22,209 | |
| | | | | | | | |
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | | 29,721 | | | | 18,791 | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—Beginning of period | | | 29,099 | | | | 17,111 | |
| | | | | | | | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—End of period | | $ | 58,820 | | | $ | 35,902 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
NON CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | |
Deferred compensation related to stock option grants, net of cancellations | | $ | — | | $ | 386 | |
| | | | | | | |
Increase to additional-paid in capital resulting from excess tax benefit of stock option exercised (Notes 2 and 16) | | $ | 12,448 | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | |
Reclassification of embedded derivatives in preferred stock to additional paid-in capital (Note 13) | | $ | — | | $ | (107,831 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Issuance of common stock in connection with conversion of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock | | $ | — | | $ | 9 | |
| | | | | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock as payment for accrued liabilities | | $ | — | | $ | 50 | |
| | | | | | | |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF OTHER CASH FLOW INFORMATION: | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for income taxes | | $ | 6,035 | | $ | 2,520 | |
| | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | — | | $ | 414 | |
| | | | | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Rackable Systems, Inc. (“Rackable Systems” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware in December 2002 in connection with the acquisition of substantially all the assets and liabilities of Rackable Systems’ predecessor company referred to herein as Old Rackable. The principal business of Rackable Systems is the design, manufacture and implementation of highly scalable compute servers and high-capacity storage systems, which are sold to customers such as large Internet businesses, and companies in vertical markets such as semiconductor design, enterprise software, federal government, entertainment, financial services, oil and gas, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company in accordance with the published rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) applicable to interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures included in financial statements prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been omitted in these interim statements as allowed by such SEC rules and regulations. However, management believes that the disclosures herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 22, 2006.
If the last day of the calendar quarter does not end on a Saturday, Rackable Systems’ fiscal quarter ends on the first Saturday following the last day of the calendar quarter. To simplify the presentation, the interim periods are shown as ending on June 30, 2006 and 2005 although the interim periods actually ended on July 1, 2006 and July 2, 2005, respectively. The three and six month interim periods for both 2006 and 2005 consisted of 13 and 26 weeks, respectively.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns, allowance for obsolete inventory, depreciation, amortization and certain accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information—The interim financial information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 is unaudited and has been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, such unaudited information includes all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for fair presentation of the interim financial information. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of results for any subsequent periods.
Short-term Investments—Short term investments consist of investments in marketable debt securities, primarily U.S. Agency Notes and Municipal Bonds. At June 30, 2006, all of Rackable Systems’ marketable debt securities were classified as available-for-sale and were carried at fair market value. The unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Short-term investments consist of the following at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of June 30, 2006 | | Purchase/ Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gain | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | | Aggregate Fair Value |
Municipal bonds | | $ | 77,681 | | $ | — | | $ | (7 | ) | | $ | 77,674 |
Federal Agency Notes | | | 78,867 | | | — | | | (33 | ) | | | 78,834 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 156,548 | | $ | — | | $ | (40 | ) | | $ | 156,508 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
As of December 31, 2005 | | Purchase/ Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gain | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | | Aggregate Fair Value |
Municipal bonds | | $ | 12,096 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 12,096 |
Federal Agency Notes | | | 12,968 | | | 1 | | | — | | | | 12,969 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 25,064 | | $ | 1 | | $ | — | | | $ | 25,065 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
6
Product Warranty—Rackable Systems’ warranty period for its products is generally one to three years. Rackable Systems accrues for estimated warranty costs concurrent with the recognition of revenue. The initial warranty accrual is based upon Rackable Systems’ historical experience and is included in accrued expenses and cost of revenue. The amounts charged and accrued against the warranty reserve for three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Balance—beginning of period | | $ | 880 | | | $ | 701 | | | $ | 726 | | | $ | 550 | |
| | | | |
Current period accrual | | | 695 | | | | 219 | | | | 1,067 | | | | 521 | |
Warranty expenditures charged to accrual | | | (749 | ) | | | (110 | ) | | | (967 | ) | | | (261 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance—end of period | | $ | 826 | | | $ | 810 | | | $ | 826 | | | $ | 810 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Concentration of Credit Risk—Financial instruments that potentially subject Rackable Systems to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of trade accounts receivable. Accounts receivable from two customers accounted for 36% and 27% of total accounts receivable at June 30, 2006 and accounts receivable from three customers accounted for 46%, 23% and 14% of total accounts receivable at December 31, 2005.
Revenue from customers representing 10% or more of total revenue was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Customer A | | 36 | % | | — | % | | 33 | % | | — | % |
Customer B | | 30 | % | | 32 | % | | 31 | % | | 30 | % |
Customer C | | 1 | % | | — | % | | 10 | % | | — | % |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments—The fair values of cash and cash equivalents reported in the accompanying balance sheets approximate their carrying value. Rackable Systems accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS 133”) and its related interpretations, and complies with SFAS No. 138,Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS 138”). SFAS 133 and SFAS 138 establish accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts (collectively referred to as derivatives) and hedging activities. These standards require that Rackable Systems record derivatives at their fair values on the balance sheet. Rackable Systems had two non-hedged derivatives embedded in its Series A mandatorily redeemable preferred stock at March 31, 2005 and none at June 30, 2005 (see Note 13). Changes in the fair value of these embedded derivatives are recognized in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six month period ended June 30, 2005.
Statement of Cash Flows- Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R),Shared-Based Payment(“SFAS 123R”), the Company presented tax benefits related to the excess of tax deductions from employee’s exercises of stock options over the stock-based compensation cost recognized for those options as operating cash flows in the statement of cash flows. In accordance with SFAS 123R, such excess tax benefits are now classified as financing cash flows. During the six month period ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded $12.4 million of excess tax benefit from stock option exercises as financing cash flows.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share—Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period (excluding shares subject to repurchase). Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period, determined using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive securities, composed of incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and the redemption or conversion of preferred stock, are included in diluted net income per share to the extent such shares are dilutive. Diluted net loss per share was the same as basic net loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2005. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company had
7
securities outstanding which could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future, but the incremental shares from the assumed exercise of these securities were excluded in the computation of diluted net loss per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards—In May of 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150,Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity(“SFAS 150”). SFAS 150 requires issuers to classify as liabilities (or assets in some circumstances) certain financial instruments that embody obligations. Financial instruments within the scope of SFAS 150 shall be initially measured at fair value and subsequently revalued with changes in value being reflected in interest cost. SFAS 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. Restatement is not permitted. Upon the adoption of SFAS 150 on July 1, 2003, the Company reclassified the carrying amount of the Series A mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, including cumulative accretion to redemption value, from mezzanine debt to long-term liabilities. Accretion to redemption value subsequent to the adoption of SFAS 150 has been recorded to interest expense in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six month period ended June 30, 2005.
In November 2004, SFAS No. 151,Inventory Costs, was issued. This statement amends the guidance in Accounting Research Bulletin (“ARB”) No. 43, Chapter 4,Inventory Pricing, to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). In addition, this statement requires that allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. This statement is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The adoption of this interpretation had no impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153 (“SFAS 153”),Exchanges of Non-monetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29 (“APB 29”),Accounting for Non-monetary Transactions. The guidance in APB 29 is based on the principle that exchanges of non-monetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that Opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS 153 amends APB 29 to eliminate the exception for non-monetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of non-monetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A non-monetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange. This statement is effective for non-monetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005, and should be applied prospectively. The adoption of SFAS 153 had no material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In May 2005, SFAS No. 154,Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, was issued. This statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of changes in accounting principle, unless this would be impracticable. This statement also makes a distinction between “retrospective application” of an accounting principle and the “restatement” of financial statements to reflect the correction of an error. This statement is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of this interpretation had no impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
In June 2005, the FASB ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 05-06 “Determining the Amortization Period for Leasehold Improvements” (“EITF 05-06”). EITF 05-06 provides that the amortization period used for leasehold improvements acquired in a business combination or purchased after the inception of a lease be the shorter of (a) the useful life of the assets or (b) a term that includes required lease periods and renewals that are reasonably assured upon the acquisition or the purchase. The Company does not believe the adoption of EITF 05-06 will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In July 2006, the FASB issued interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxeseffective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting for interim periods, disclosure and transition. The Company will decide on a policy for interest and penalty classification by the end of 2006 and adopt the Interpretation beginning with our fiscal year 2007. Management does not expect the adoption of this interpretation to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
8
3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-Based Benefit Plans
Rackable Systems adopted the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”) in April 2005. The 2005 Plan is the successor equity incentive program to the 2002 Stock Option Plan (the “2002 Plan”). The 2005 Plan became effective on June 9, 2005 and the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to stock awards under the 2005 Plan is 4,001,844 shares. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan is subject to an annual increase on the first anniversary of the Company’s initial public offering and annually on each January 1st thereafter as defined in the 2005 Plan. On June 9, 2006 the total shares of common stock reserved for the 2005 Plan was increased by 1,184,841 shares. In the six months ended June 30, 2006, Rackable Systems granted 237,000 options under the 2005 Plan.
Rackable Systems adopted the 2006 New Recruit Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”) in January 2006 which allows the Company to grant nonstatutory stock awards for up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock. The 2006 Plan provides for the grant of the following Stock Awards: (i) nonstatutory stock options, (ii) stock purchase awards, (iii) stock bonus awards, (iv) stock appreciation rights, (v) stock unit awards, and (vi) other stock awards. The exercise price of each nonstatutory stock option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the common stock subject to the option on the date the option is granted. Stock awards expire ten years from the date of grant, or such shorter period specified in the option agreement. In the six months ended June 30, 2006, Rackable Systems granted 759,000 options under the 2006 Plan.
Rackable Systems adopted the 2005 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan (“2005 NE”) in April 2005. The 2005 NE became effective in June 2005 and the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be initially issued pursuant to the 2005 NE is 66,667 shares. In the six months ended June 30, 2006, Rackable Systems granted 15,498 options under the 2005 NE.
Rackable Systems adopted the 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2005 ESPP”) in April 2005. The 2005 ESPP became effective in June 2005 and the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be initially issued pursuant to the 2005 ESPP is 400,000 shares. The number of shares of common stock reserved for the 2005 ESPP is subject to an annual increase on January 1st of each year as defined by the plan. On January 1, 2006 the total shares of common stock reserved for the 2005 ESPP was increased by 230,404 shares. There were 80,907 shares issued under the 2005 ESPP on February 14, 2006.
In connection with the stock options granted to employees under the 2002 Plan, Rackable Systems recorded cumulative deferred stock-based compensation, net of cancellations, of $2.7 million, which represents the difference between the option exercise price and the deemed fair market value of the common stock determined for financial reporting purposes on the grant date. The unamortized portion of the $2.7 million at December 31, 2005 was $1.8 million. Compensation costs for the portion of awards for which the required service period has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that were outstanding as of December 31, 2005 shall be recognized as the remaining required services are rendered. The compensation costs relating to unvested awards is based on the grant date fair value of those awards as calculated under SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”(“SFAS 123”), adjusted for forfeitures as required by SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”).
Adoption of SFAS 123R
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company’s stock-based employee compensation plans were accounted for under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”), and related Interpretations, as permitted by SFAS 123. The Company recognized stock- based compensation cost in its statement of operations for periods prior to January 1, 2006 for certain options granted prior to the Company’s initial public offering of its common stock in June 2005 based upon the intrinsic value, the difference between the deemed fair value of the Company’s common stock and the exercise price at the date of grant.
On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R which eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB 25 to stock compensation awards issued to employees. The new standard requires enterprises to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
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SFAS 123R was effective for the Company’s fiscal quarter beginning January 1, 2006, and requires the use of the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method, SFAS 123R is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that was outstanding as of the date of adoption shall be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption is based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS 123. Additionally, under SFAS 123R, the 2005 ESPP is considered a compensatory plan, which requires the recognition of compensation cost for grants made under the ESPP. The Company recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards.
The pro forma effects on net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB 25) are as follows (amounts in thousands, except for per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months ended June 30, 2005 | | | Six Months ended June 30, 2005 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 1,183 | | | $ | (3,172 | ) |
Employee stock-based compensation as reported | | | 142 | | | | 281 | |
Stock-based compensation determined under the fair value based method for all awards—net of tax | | | (640 | ) | | | (1,168 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net income (loss) | | $ | 685 | | | $ | (4,059 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share – as reported | | $ | 0.18 | | | $ | (0.58 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share – pro forma | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | (0.74 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share – as reported | | $ | 0.07 | | | $ | (0.58 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share – pro forma | | $ | 0.04 | | | $ | (0.74 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
As a result of adopting SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, the Company’s income before income taxes and net income for the three months ended June 30, 2006 are $4.0 million and $2.3 million, respectively, lower and for the six months ended June 30, 2006 are $6.6 million and $3.9 million, respectively, lower than if it had continued to account for share-based compensation under APB 25. Basic and diluted net income per share for the three months ended June 30, 2006 would have been $0.09 and $0.08 higher, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2006 would have been $0.15 and $0.14 higher, respectively, if the Company had not adopted SFAS 123R.
In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2006, cash flows from operating activities would have been $12.4 million higher and cash flows from financing activities would have been $12.4 million lower had the Company not adopted SFAS 123R.
Determining Fair Value
Valuation and amortization method—The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula and a multiple option award approach. This fair value is then amortized ratably over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.
Expected Term—The Company’s expected term represents the period that the Company’s stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on an analysis of the relevant industry sector post-vest termination rates and the exercise factors.
Expected Volatility—Expected volatility for purposes of pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123 for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2005, were based on the stock volatilities of the Company’s peer group because the Company’s stock was not publicly-traded until June 2005. Upon the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company reevaluated the assumptions used to estimate volatility, and determined that it would use a combination of the implied and historical volatility for both the Company and its peer group.
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Expected Dividend—The Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model calls for a single expected dividend yield as an input which is not applicable to the Company.
Risk-Free Interest Rate—The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation method on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term. Where the expected term of the Company’s stock-based awards do not correspond with the terms for which interest rates are quoted, the Company performed a straight-line interpolation to determine the rate from the available term maturities.
Estimated Forfeitures—The estimated forfeiture rate was based on an analysis of the relevant industry sector pre-vest termination rate due to the fact that the Company’s historical forfeiture rates were unusually low, approximately 2%, given that a substantial portion of the Company’s stock options were granted subsequent to its initial public offering in June 2005.
Fair Value—The fair value of the Company’s stock options granted to employees for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2006 was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2006 | | | Six months ended June 30, 2006 | |
Option Plan Shares | | | | | | | | |
Expected term (in years) | | | 5.77 | | | | 5.61 | |
Volatility | | | 0.59 | | | | 0.56 | |
Expected dividend | | | — | | | | — | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 5.0 | % | | | 4.8 | % |
Estimated annual forfeitures | | | 8.3 | % | | | 8.3 | % |
Weighted-average fair value | | $ | 26.32 | | | $ | 22.07 | |
| | |
ESPP Shares | | | | | | | | |
Expected term (in years) | | | 0.5 – 1.0 | | | | 0.5 – 1.0 | |
Volatility | | | 0.49 | | | | 0.49 | |
Expected dividend | | | — | | | | — | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 4.7 | % | | | 4.7 | % |
Weighted-average fair value | | $ | 14.25 | | | $ | 14.25 | |
Stock Compensation Expense
Stock Compensation Expense— The following table shows total stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statement of operations, and the recognized tax benefit related thereto, for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2006.
| | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | Three Months ended June 30, 2006 | | | Six Months ended June 30, 2006 | |
Cost of revenue | | $ | 819 | | | $ | 1,525 | |
Research and development | | | 973 | | | | 1,484 | |
Selling and marketing | | | 1,369 | | | | 2,223 | |
General and administrative | | | 978 | | | | 1,664 | |
Income tax benefit | | | (1,754 | ) | | | (2,894 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,385 | | | $ | 4,002 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As required by SFAS 123R, management made an estimate of expected forfeitures and is recognizing compensation costs only for those equity awards expected to vest.
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Stock Options and Awards Activities
The following is a summary of option activity for our stock option plans (in thousand, except per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term in Years |
Outstanding at December 31, 2005 | | 3,506,778 | | | $ | 7.30 | | |
Granted | | 1,011,498 | | | $ | 39.42 | | |
Exercised | | (880,173 | ) | | $ | 3.43 | | n/a |
Forfeitures and cancellations | | (64,716 | ) | | $ | 17.64 | | n/a |
| | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at June 30, 2006 | | 3,573,387 | | | $ | 17.16 | | 8.53 |
| | | | | | | | |
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2006 | | 3,205,064 | | | $ | 16.58 | | 8.53 |
| | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at June 30, 2006 | | 513,174 | | | $ | 5.68 | | 7.36 |
| | | | | | | | |
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2006 was $22.07. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2006 was $30.2 million, consisting of $27.0 million exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and $3.2 million exercised during the three months ended June 30, 2006. The total intrinsic value of options outstanding at June 30, 2006 was $83.6 million. The total intrinsic value of options vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2006 was $76.6 million.
As of June 30, 2006, there was $22.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.52 years.
At June 30, 2006, the total compensation cost related to options to purchase the Company’s common stock under the 2005 ESPP but not yet recognized was approximately $631,000. This cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of approximately 1.7 years.
The following table shows the shares issued, and their respective weighted-average purchase price per share, pursuant to the 2005 ESPP during the six months ended June 30, 2006.
| | | |
Purchase date | | | February 14, 2006 |
Shares issued | | | 80,907 |
Weighted-average purchase price per share | | $ | 10.24 |
| | | |
4. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Rackable Systems’ comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities classified as available-for-sale. The net unrealized loss on marketable securities was $40,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and the unrealized gain was $1,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005.
5. DEFERRED REVENUE AND DEFERRED COST OF GOODS SOLD
Rackable Systems accounts for its revenue under the provisions of SAB No. 104,Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements (“SAB 104”). Under the provisions of SAB 104, revenue is recorded at the later of the time of shipment when title and risk of loss passes to the customer or when customer acceptance periods expire, generally within 15 days of receipt by the customer. At June 30, 2006, Rackable Systems had deferred product revenue and related deferred product costs of $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively, related to shipments to customers pending acceptances. In addition, at June 30, 2006, Rackable Systems had deferred revenue of approximately $45,000 associated with customer orders and payments that were received but for which the products had not yet been shipped. At December 31, 2005, Rackable Systems had deferred revenue and related deferred product costs of $5.3 million and $4.5 million, respectively, related to shipments to customers pending acceptances. Rackable Systems also deferred $5.4 million relating to a sale to a customer for systems shipped uncompleted, at the request of the customer, as of December 31, 2005. Deferred cost of sales for the uncompleted shipments was approximately $4.2 million as of December 31, 2005 and are included in current assets. The remaining deferred revenue of $4.2 million at June 30, 2006 and $2.1 million at December 31, 2005, pertains to revenue from extended warranty arrangements that are recognized ratably over the warranty period and professional support services which had not been completed as of the balance sheet dates.
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6. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
Finished goods | | $ | 6,324 | | | $ | 3,980 | |
Evaluation units, net | | | 1,460 | | | | 828 | |
Work in process | | | 5,262 | | | | 8,111 | |
Raw materials | | | 38,943 | | | | 31,635 | |
Reserves | | | (4,718 | ) | | | (3,905 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total inventories | | $ | 47,271 | | | $ | 40,649 | |
| | | | | | | | |
7. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
Leasehold improvements | | $ | 628 | | | $ | 415 | |
Manufacturing equipment | | | 827 | | | | 506 | |
Furniture and fixtures | | | 345 | | | | 310 | |
Computer equipment | | | 2,602 | | | | 1,754 | |
Construction in progress | | | 1,140 | | | | 572 | |
Vehicles | | | 118 | | | | 98 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 5,660 | | | | 3,655 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (1,634 | ) | | | (1,067 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | $ | 4,026 | | | $ | 2,588 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment totaled $338,000 and $145,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment totaled $567,000 and $276,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
Intangible assets subject to amortization: | | | | | | | | |
Patents | | $ | 4,862 | | | $ | 4,738 | |
Customer list | | | 2,791 | | | | 2,791 | |
Customer backlog | | | 156 | | | | 156 | |
Other | | | 25 | | | | 25 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 7,834 | | | | 7,710 | |
Accumulated amortization | | | (5,357 | ) | | | (4,597 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Amortized intangible assets, net | | | 2,477 | | | | 3,113 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Intangible assets not subject to amortization: | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | 2,821 | | | | 2,821 | |
Tradename | | | 3,487 | | | | 3,487 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 6,308 | | | | 6,308 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total intangible assets, net | | $ | 8,785 | | | $ | 9,421 | |
| | | | | | | | |
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Amortization expense for customer list, patents and other intangibles was as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 |
Customer list | | $ | 140 | | $ | 140 | | $ | 280 | | $ | 279 |
Patents | | | 240 | | | 231 | | | 476 | | | 461 |
Other | | | 2 | | | — | | | 4 | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 382 | | $ | 371 | | $ | 760 | | $ | 740 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company considers all goodwill to be related to the high density compute server segment.
9. OTHER ASSETS
In June 2006 Rackable Systems invested $350,000 in an early-stage technology company located in the US. This minority interest investment of less than 20% is accounted for under the cost method and is included within Other Assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2006.
10. ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 |
Accrued commission | | $ | 1,064 | | $ | 1,204 |
Accrued payroll and related expenses | | | 3,231 | | | 2,802 |
Accrued warranty | | | 826 | | | 726 |
Accrued estimated sales and use tax reserve | | | 1,650 | | | 1,150 |
Other accrued expenses | | | 1,221 | | | 1,552 |
| | | | | | |
Total accrued expenses | | $ | 7,992 | | $ | 7,434 |
| | | | | | |
In December 2005, we identified potential state sales and use tax liabilities relating to certain of our product sales to customers outside of California. We estimated the gross tax liability to the states identified to be $1.15 million which was recorded in Accrued estimated sales and use tax reserve as of December 31, 2005. We also quantified the exposure relating to interest and estimated collection exposures and, accordingly, recorded a $426,000 charge to general and administrative expense in the fourth quarter of 2005 with an offsetting increase to Other accrued expenses as of December 31, 2005. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, we increased our estimated the gross tax liability by $500,000 to $1.65 million which was recorded in Accrued estimated sales and use tax reserve. There was no change in Other accrued expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2006 for the exposure relating to interest and estimated collection exposures of $426,000. We believe that we have the right to recover the sales tax from these customers, and accordingly have recorded a receivable for $1.65 million which is included in other current assets as of June 30, 2006.
11. BORROWINGS UNDER LINE OF CREDIT
Rackable Systems has a line of credit agreement with a bank that provides for borrowings not to exceed the lesser of $20,000,000 or the sum of 80% of eligible accounts receivable and loans from the bank in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000, provided that such loans shall only be available as long as Rackable Systems maintains profitability in each of the two preceding fiscal quarters, less the amount of all outstanding letters of credit, foreign exchange reserves and all amounts utilized for cash management services. The line of credit agreement matures on August 30, 2006 and provides an aggregate sub-limit of $5,000,000 for letters of credit, cash management services and reserves, as defined, and foreign exchange contracts. Borrowings under the line of credit bear interest at prime. The line of credit agreement contains financial covenants that specify minimum profitability and tangible net worth requirements. There were no borrowings under the line of credit at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005. There was $20,000,000 available for borrowings under the line of credit at June 30, 2006.
12. MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
In connection with Rackable Systems’ initial public offering of its common stock, the sole holder of Rackable Systems’ Series A redeemable preferred stock elected, pursuant to the terms thereof, to convert each share of Series A preferred stock into conversion units, each conversion unit consisting of one share of Series B redeemable preferred stock and 0.467 shares of common stock (a “Conversion Unit”), and then immediately distribute the shares of Series B preferred stock and common stock to its members. Upon the closing of Rackable Systems’ initial public offering of its common stock in June 2005, each share of Series B preferred stock was redeemed for cash. Consequently, Rackable Systems issued 9,016,000 shares of common stock and paid $24,738,000 to the Series B preferred stockholders. As of December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006, there were no outstanding shares of preferred stock.
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Effective July 1, 2003, upon the adoption of SFAS No. 150,Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity, Rackable Systems reclassified the aggregate carrying value of Series A preferred stock at that date, totaling approximately $21,400,000, net of deferred compensation of $1,839,000 associated with 800,000 shares of Series A preferred stock issued to two company executives, to long-term liabilities. Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 150, Rackable Systems recorded accretion for preferred stock dividends of approximately $490,000 and $1.1 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2005, which is included as a component of interest expense in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
13. EMBEDDED DERIVATIVES IN PREFERRED STOCK
The Series A preferred stock redemption feature that provides for settlement of the common stock portion of the Conversion Unit in cash at the option of the holder effectively provides the holder of Series A preferred stock with a call option that is considered an embedded call option derivative under SFAS No. 133. Consequently, the common stock portion of the Conversion Unit must be bifurcated and accounted for separately. On December 23, 2002 (first issuance date), the fair value of the embedded call option was approximately $3.8 million, recorded as a liability at the date of issuance, reducing the recorded value of Series A preferred stock. On February 13, 2003 (second issuance date), the fair value of the embedded call option was approximately $412,000, recorded as a liability at the second issuance date, reducing the recorded value of the second issuance of Series A preferred stock. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Rackable Systems is required to adjust the carrying value of such embedded call option to fair value at each reporting date and recognize the change in fair value in the Statement of Operations. As a result Rackable Systems recognized expense of approximately $0 and $4.2 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively, recorded as a component of changes in fair value of embedded derivatives in preferred stock in the Statements of Operations. In February 2005, Rackable Investment LLC, the sole holder of all outstanding shares Series A preferred stock, relinquished its option to receive cash in lieu of common stock upon redemption of the Series A preferred stock held by it. As a result, because the common stock portion of the conversion unit can only be settled in common stock, the carrying amount of the embedded call option as of the date of the rescission of the right to take cash ($107.8 million) was reclassified from liabilities to additional paid-in capital.
The Series A preferred stock redemption feature that provided for redemption at the greater of (i) the face value (plus any accumulated or accrued but unpaid dividends thereon) or (ii) product of the face value multiplied by 1.25 effectively provided the holders of the Series A preferred stock with a put option that was considered an embedded derivative under SFAS No. 133. Consequently the embedded put option was bifurcated and accounted for separately. On December 23, 2002 (first issuance date), the fair value of the embedded put option was $128,000, recorded as a liability at the date of issuance, reducing the recorded value of the Series A preferred stock. On February 13, 2003 (second issuance date), the fair value of the embedded derivative was insignificant. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Rackable Systems was required to adjust the carrying value of the embedded put option to fair value at each reporting date and recognize the change in fair value in the Statement of Operations. At December 31, 2005, the estimated fair value of the put option in the Series A preferred stock was $0. As a result, during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2005, Rackable Systems recognized income of approximately $0 and $12,000, respectively, recorded as a component of changes in fair value of embedded derivatives in preferred stock in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. At December 31, 2005, the estimated fair value of the put option in the Series A preferred stock was $0.
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Indemnification Agreements—The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements with its customers and certain other business partners in the ordinary course of business. These agreements include provisions for indemnifying the customer against any claim brought by a third party to the extent any such claim alleges that the Company’s product infringes a patent, copyright or trademark, or misappropriates a trade secret, of that third party. The agreements generally limit the scope of the available remedies in a variety of industry- standard methods, including but not limited to product usage and geography-based limitations, a right to control the defense or settlement of any claim, and a right to replace or modify the infringing products to make them non-infringing. The Company has not incurred significant expenses related to these indemnification agreements and no material claims for such indemnifications are outstanding as of June 30, 2006. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements, if any, to be de minimus; accordingly, no liability has been recorded with respect to such indemnifications as of June 30, 2006.
General—From time to time, the Company is party to certain other claims and legal proceedings that arise in the course of business. There are no such matters at June 30, 2006 which, in the opinion of management, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
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15. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
The Company has reserved the following shares of authorized but unissued common stock as of June 30, 2006:
| | |
Options available for grant under stock option plans | | 1,495,124 |
Employee stock purchase plan | | 549,497 |
Options issued and outstanding under stock option plans | | 3,573,387 |
| | |
Total | | 5,618,008 |
| | |
In March 2006, Rackable Systems completed a second follow-on public offering. Aggregate net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs, were approximately $138.5 million.
16. INCOME TAXES
Provisions for income taxes were $3.9 million and $8.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively, and $1.2 million and $1.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. The effective tax rate approximates the federal and state net statutory income tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 differs from the federal and state net statutory income tax rates mainly due to permanent tax differences associated with the accounting for embedded derivatives and preferred stock dividends recorded as interest expense.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded $12.4 million of excess tax benefits related to stock option exercises as a financing cash inflows and a change to prepaids and other assets of $4.3 million associated with the benefit from excess tax deductions as an operating cash outflow.
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17. ENTERPRISE AND RELATED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Rackable Systems is managed by its executive officers in Milpitas, California and has no long-lived assets outside of the United States. Rackable Systems operates in two reportable business segments: the design, developing and marketing of customized high-density compute servers and high-capacity storage systems. Rackable Systems’ chief operating decision maker is the CEO. Sales revenue from both domestic and international customers, and on a percentage basis by country, (based on the address of the customer on the invoice) was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months ended June 30, | | | Six Months ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Domestic revenue | | $ | 84,577 | | | $ | 39,599 | | | $ | 152,279 | | | $ | 69,850 | |
International revenue | | | 4,071 | | | | 4,361 | | | | 20,761 | | | | 4,599 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 88,648 | | | $ | 43,960 | | | $ | 173,040 | | | $ | 74,449 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue by country: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
United States | | | 95 | % | | | 90 | % | | | 88 | % | | | 94 | % |
Ireland | | | 2 | % | | | — | | | | 10 | % | | | — | |
Others | | | 3 | % | | | 10 | % | | | 2 | % | | | 6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales revenue for the high-density compute server and high-capacity storage system segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months ended June 30, | | Six Months ended June 30, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 |
Compute servers | | $ | 78,599 | | $ | 37,806 | | $ | 157,393 | | $ | 66,515 |
Storage systems | | | 10,049 | | | 6,154 | | | 15,647 | | | 7,934 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 88,648 | | $ | 43,960 | | $ | 173,040 | | $ | 74,449 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue for the compute servers segment includes two product lines (Foundation Series and Scale Out Series). The storage segment includes only one product line (Foundation Series Storage Server). Revenue by product line for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months ended June 30, | | Six Months ended June 30, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 |
Foundation Series Compute Server | | $ | 63,683 | | $ | 34,502 | | $ | 137,709 | | $ | 58,579 |
Scale Out Series Compute Server | | | 14,916 | | | 3,304 | | | 19,684 | | | 7,936 |
Foundation Series Storage Server | | | 10,049 | | | 6,154 | | | 15,647 | | | 7,934 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 88,648 | | $ | 43,960 | | $ | 173,040 | | $ | 74,449 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenue information by segment and product line is not available. Accordingly, only revenue by segment is reported.
18. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In February 2005, the Company entered into an agreement with Rackable Investment LLC, the Company’s controlling stockholder, in which Rackable Investment LLC gave up its right to take cash in lieu of common stock upon redemption of the Series A preferred stock held by it. In consideration for this, the Company agreed (1) not to take a number of corporate actions without Rackable Investment LLC’s consent, including pricing or consummating a contemplated initial public offering, (2) to amend the registration rights agreement between the Company and Rackable Investment LLC and the Company’s founders that provides Rackable Investment LLC with additional registration rights in the event of another
17
offering, and (3) to amend the voting agreement with Rackable Investment LLC to clarify the provisions of that agreement. As a result, the carrying amount of the embedded derivative related to the common stock conversion unit of the Series A preferred stock was reclassified to additional paid-in capital in February 2005 (Note 13).
In February 2005, the Company repurchased a total of 816,083 shares of its common stock from the three founders of Old Rackable for approximately $6,000,000 in cash. Such shares had been issued to the three founders in connection with the purchase of Old Rackable in December 2002 and represented approximately 18% of the common stock in the Company held by the founders.
18
ITEM 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, risks and uncertainties, including the risk factors set forth in this discussion, especially under the caption “Factors That May Affect Operating Results” in this Form 10-Q. Generally, the words “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “believe” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q are made as of the filing date with the Securities and Exchange Commission and future events or circumstances could cause results that differ significantly from the forward-looking statements included here. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on these statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether, as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the condensed financial statements and notes thereto in Item 1 above and with our financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2005, contained the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 22, 2006.
Company Overview
We develop, market and sell server and storage systems purpose-built for large-scale data center deployments. Recently, enterprises have begun to deploy large-scale computing and storage farms by aggregating large numbers of relatively inexpensive, open-standard modular computing and storage systems, also known as “scale out” systems. These scale out systems typically run low-cost operating systems such as Linux and Windows and, we believe, enable enterprises to meet their computing and storage requirements at a lower total cost of ownership and provide enterprises with greater flexibility and scalability.
We have developed innovative technologies in the areas of chassis and cabinet design, power distribution techniques and hardware-based remote management technology. Our Foundation Series compute server uses our half-depth design, enabling back-to-back mounting for higher server density and improved thermal management. Sales of our Foundation Series compute servers in the first half of 2006 and 2005 accounted for 80% and 79% of our total revenue, respectively. In August 2004, we expanded our product line to include the Scale Out Series of compute servers as an additional offering in our product line, which we designed to further increase density levels, improve thermal management, and enhance cable management and system serviceability. Our Scale Out Series revenue for the first half of 2006 and 2005 accounted for 11% and 10%, respectively, of our total revenue. During the same periods, our compute servers represented approximately 91% and 89% of total revenue, respectively. We also offer low-cost, high-capacity storage systems, which leverage many of our core server technologies, to help enterprises cost-effectively meet their increasing data storage requirements. Our storage servers represented approximately 9% and 11% of our total revenue for the first half of 2006 and 2005, respectively.
We market our systems primarily through our direct sales force predominantly to enterprises within the United States. In the first half of 2006 and 2005, international sales were 12% and 6% of our sales, respectively. We are in the early stages of developing an international sales and operational presence, focusing initially on Ireland and China. We focus our sales and marketing activities on enterprises that typically purchase hundreds of servers and tens or hundreds of terabytes of storage per year. To date, we have sold our products to over 250 customers. We have concentrated our marketing efforts on leading Internet companies, as well as customers with high-performance computing requirements in vertical markets such as semiconductor design, enterprise software, federal government, media, financial services, oil and gas exploration, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.
In June 2005, we completed our initial public offering. Aggregate net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs, were approximately $67.4 million. We used $27.7 million of the offering proceeds to redeem all of our outstanding shares of preferred stock and to repay the promissory notes and accrued interest of approximately $3.0 million previously issued to our founders. In addition, we used $14.1 million of the offering proceeds to repay our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank. In December 2005, we completed a follow-on public offering, and aggregate net proceeds to us from that offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and issuance costs, were approximately $46.2 million. In March 2006, we completed a second follow-on public offering. Aggregate net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs, were approximately $138.5 million.
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Fiscal Periods
If the last day of the calendar quarter does not end on a Saturday, our fiscal quarter ends on the first Saturday following the last day of the calendar quarter. For presentation purposes, we refer to the end of the quarter and year as the last day of the calendar quarter and year. Consequently, references to interim periods in this discussion as ending on June 30, 2006 and 2005, actually ended on July 1, 2006 and July 2, 2005, respectively. Our 2005 fiscal year ended on December 31, 2005.
Accounting for Fair Value of Embedded Derivative
On December 23, 2002, in connection with a reorganization that involved a venture capital investment in our company, we issued 20,000,000 shares of our Series A preferred stock for a total consideration of $20.0 million. On February 13, 2003, we issued an additional 1,000,000 shares of Series A preferred stock for a total consideration of $1.0 million.
The shares of Series A preferred stock were redeemable for, or convertible into, Series B preferred stock and common stock. The Series B preferred stock was redeemable for cash. In connection with our initial public offering, the holder of the Series A preferred stock, Rackable Investment LLC, converted all of the shares of Series A preferred stock into Series B preferred stock and common stock, and we redeemed the Series B preferred stock for cash. The redemption feature for the cash portion provided for redemption at the amount equal to the purchase price plus any accumulated or accrued but unpaid dividends, but no less than 125% of the purchase price. This effectively provided the holders of the Series A preferred stock with a put option that was considered an embedded derivative under SFAS No. 133. Consequently the embedded put option was bifurcated and accounted for separately. In addition, under our certificate of incorporation at the time, the holders of the Series A preferred stock had the option to take cash in lieu of the common stock issuable upon redemption of the Series A preferred stock, valued at fair market value. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, we adjusted the carrying value of this embedded call option derivative to fair value at each reporting date and recognized the change in fair value in the statements of operations. We determined the fair value of the embedded call option derivative based upon the fair value of the underlying common stock.
In February 2005, the holder of the Series A preferred stock relinquished its option to receive cash in lieu of common stock upon redemption of the Series A preferred stock held by it. As a result, because the common stock portion of the conversion unit could only be settled in common stock, the carrying amount of the embedded call option as of the date of the rescission of the right to take cash, $107.8 million, was reclassified from liabilities to additional paid-in capital. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative was $0 and $4.2 million, respectively. In connection with the closing of our initial public offering and redemption of our outstanding shares of preferred stock, we eliminated the Series A and B preferred stock from our authorized capital stock.
For a discussion of our other critical accounting policies, see “Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments and Estimates” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 22, 2006.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our financial results, as a percentage of revenue, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Revenue | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % |
Cost of revenue | | 77.2 | % | | 79.1 | % | | 77.1 | % | | 79.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | 22.8 | % | | 20.9 | % | | 22.9 | % | | 20.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | 2.9 | % | | 1.1 | % | | 2.5 | % | | 1.1 | % |
Sales and marketing | | 7.3 | % | | 8.4 | % | | 6.5 | % | | 9.0 | % |
General and administrative | | 5.2 | % | | 4.3 | % | | 4.7 | % | | 4.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | 15.4 | % | | 13.8 | % | | 13.7 | % | | 14.8 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from operations | | 7.4 | % | | 7.1 | % | | 9.2 | % | | 5.5 | % |
Other income (expense): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in fair value of embedded derivatives in preferred stock | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (5.6 | )% |
Interest income | | 2.3 | % | | — | | | 1.5 | % | | — | |
Interest expense | | — | | | (1.7 | )% | | — | | | (2.1 | )% |
Other income, net | | 0.7 | % | | — | | | 0.5 | % | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other income (expense), net | | 3.0 | % | | (1.7 | )% | | 2.0 | % | | (7.7 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income tax provision | | 10.4 | % | | 5.4 | % | | 11.2 | % | | (2.2 | )% |
Income tax provision | | (4.4 | )% | | (2.7 | )% | | (4.7 | )% | | (2.1 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | 6.0 | % | | 2.7 | % | | 6.5 | % | | (4.3 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparison of the Three Months and Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2005
Revenue.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
Total revenue | | $ | 88,648 | | $ | 43,960 | | $ | 44,688 | | 102 | % | | $ | 173,040 | | $ | 74,449 | | $ | 98,591 | | 132 | % |
Revenue growth for the three months and the six months ended June 30, 2006 was primarily due to increase in units sold to repeat and new customers. Sales growth continued to be strong across our product lines. Sales of our Foundation Series compute servers for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 increased by 85% or $29.2 million and 135% or $79.1 million compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. In second quarter of fiscal 2006, we achieved record revenue for sales of our Scale Out Series compute servers. Sales of our Scale Out Series compute servers for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 increased by 351% or $11.6 million and 148% or $11.7 million compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. In second quarter of fiscal 2006, we also achieved record revenue for sales of our Foundation Series storage servers. Sales of our Foundation Series storage servers for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 increased by 63% or $3.9 million and 97% or $7.7 million compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
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Cost of revenue and gross profit.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | $ | | % | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | $ | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
Cost of revenue | | $ | 68,465 | | | $ | 34,772 | | | $ | 33,693 | | 97 | % | | $ | 133,363 | | | $ | 59,333 | | | $ | 74,030 | | 125 | % |
Gross profit | | $ | 20,183 | | | $ | 9,188 | | | $ | 10,995 | | 120 | % | | $ | 39,677 | | | $ | 15,116 | | | $ | 24,561 | | 162 | % |
Gross margin | | | 22.8 | % | | | 20.9 | % | | | n/a | | 9 | % | | | 22.9 | % | | | 20.3 | % | | | n/a | | 13 | % |
Cost of product revenue primarily consists of the costs to manufacture our finished products and the costs we pay to our suppliers for processors, memory and other components used in our systems. Our costs to manufacture products include both the cost of our in-house manufacturing organization as well as the cost of our third-party contract manufacturers. The increase in cost of revenue was due primarily to the material cost resulting from the increase in units sold, increased investment across our manufacturing and service and support functions and the effect of increased stock-based compensation expenses per our adoption of SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006. Cost of revenue included a stock-based compensation charge of $819,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to a charge of $23,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005 and $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to a charge of $48,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
The improvement in gross profit and gross margin was primarily attributable to economies of scale from higher production volumes and higher storage server sales which on average have slightly higher gross margins than our compute servers. The improvement was partially offset by higher stock-based compensation expense from SFAS 123R in 2006.
Operating expenses.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
OPERATING EXPENSES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | $ | 2,542 | | $ | 497 | | $ | 2,045 | | 411 | % | | $ | 4,340 | | $ | 845 | | $ | 3,495 | | 414 | % |
Sales and marketing | | $ | 6,447 | | $ | 3,698 | | $ | 2,749 | | 74 | % | | $ | 11,295 | | $ | 6,679 | | $ | 4,616 | | 69 | % |
General and administrative | | $ | 4,583 | | $ | 1,881 | | $ | 2,702 | | 144 | % | | $ | 8,113 | | $ | 3,530 | | $ | 4,583 | | 130 | % |
Research and development expense. Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $730,000 of the increase in research and development expense for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount and realignment of a technical sales group into engineering functions. Materials and professional service expenses also increased $117,000 and $120,000, respectively, due to an increase in ongoing engineering activities. In addition, with the adoption of SFAS 123R, charges due to stock-based compensation were $973,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $19,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $1.4 million of the increase in research and development expense for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount and realignment of a technical sales group into engineering functions. Materials and professional service expenses also increased $243,000 and $171,000, respectively, due to an increase in ongoing engineering activities. Given the additional headcount, facility allocation expense increased $84,000. In addition, with the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006, charges due to stock-based compensation were $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $36,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005. We expect research and development expense to increase, in absolute dollars, in future periods as we expand our research and development organization and continue our engineering investments in the area of storage, remote management and power systems.
Sales and marketing expense. Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $823,000 of the increase in sales and marketing expense for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount. As a result of higher sales, commission expense accounted for $176,000 of the increase. With increased selling and marketing activities, travel, advertising and press release expense cumulatively increased $235,000. In addition, as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R, charges due to stock-based compensation under SFAS 123R were $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $67,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005.
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Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $1.2 million of the increase in sales and marketing expense for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount. As a result of higher sales, commission expense accounted for $791,000 of the increase and travel expense accounted $122,000 of the increase. With increased marketing activities, advertising and public relation expenses increased $168,000. In addition, as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006, charges due to stock-based compensation under SFAS 123R were $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $132,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005. We expect sales and marketing expense to increase, in absolute dollars, in future periods as we continue investment in our sales force in the United States and internationally.
General and administrative expense. Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $375,000 of the increase in general and administrative expense for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount and change in management compensation. Legal expense increased $587,000 due to an ongoing litigation suit brought by us against one company. As a result of being a public company, audit and tax services, professional services and insurance expenses increased $228,000, $153,000 and $87,000 respectively. With the adoption of SFAS 123R in January 2006, charges due to stock-based compensation were $978,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $33,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Payroll, bonuses and related fringe benefits accounted for $772,000 of the increase in general and administrative expense for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 and were due to an increase in headcount. As a result of being a public company, audit and tax services, professional services and insurance expenses increased $472,000, $344,000 and $188,000 respectively. Legal expense increased $598,000 mainly driven by the ongoing litigation against the one company. With the adoption of SFAS 123R, charges due to stock-based compensation were $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to $65,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
Other Income/(Expense).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | | $ | | % | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | | $ | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)—Net: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in fair value of embedded derivatives | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | n/a | | | $ | — | | $ | (4,192 | ) | | $ | 4,192 | | (100 | )% |
Interest income | | $ | 2,014 | | $ | 17 | | | $ | 1,997 | | 11747 | % | | $ | 2,678 | | $ | 19 | | | $ | 2,659 | | 13995 | % |
Interest expense | | $ | — | | $ | (746 | ) | | $ | 746 | | (100 | )% | | $ | — | | $ | (1,528 | ) | | $ | 1,528 | | (100 | )% |
Other Income, net | | $ | 618 | | $ | — | | | $ | 618 | | 100 | % | | $ | 862 | | $ | — | | | $ | 862 | | 100 | % |
Change in fair value of embedded derivatives. Derivative accounting associated with our preferred stock ceased in February 2005. See “Accounting for Fair Value of Embedded Derivatives” in “Company Overview” for additional details.
Interest income. The increases in interest income were due to higher average cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances related to the proceeds from our initial public offering in June 2005 and our follow-on offerings in December 2005 and March 2006.
Interest expense. The decreases in interest expense were primarily related to redemption of our mandatorily redeemable preferred stock in June 2005 in connection with our initial public offering. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, interest expense included accretion of preferred stock dividends recorded as interest expense in the amount of $490,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. In addition, with the proceeds from our initial public offering and follow-on offerings, we eliminated borrowings under our line of credit facility.
Other income-net. Other income, net was primarily related to foreign exchange gains of approximately $619,000 recorded during the second quarter of 2006 and $867,000 for the first six months of 2006 resulting from balances held in Euros during the first quarter and the first month of the second quarter, associated with collection from the first quarter 2006 international revenues.
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Provision for income taxes.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | $ | | | % | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | $ | | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
Tax provision | | $ | (3,917 | ) | | $ | (1,200 | ) | | $ | (2,717 | ) | | 226 | % | | $ | (8,171 | ) | | $ | (1,533 | ) | | $ | (6,638 | ) | | 433 | % |
The effective tax rate of 42.4% and 42.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively, approximated the statutory income tax rate. The effective tax rate of 50.4% and (93.5)% for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively, differed from the statutory income tax rate for the periods mainly due to permanent tax differences associated with our accounting for embedded derivates and accretion of preferred stock dividends recorded as interest expense.
Stock based compensation.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | Change | | | Six months ended June 30, | | Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | | | 2006 | | 2005 | | $ | | % | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | | | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
Stock-based compensation | | $ | 4,139 | | $ | 142 | | $ | 3,997 | | 2815 | % | | $ | 6,896 | | $ | 281 | | $ | 6,615 | | 2354 | % |
The reason for the increases in stock-based compensation expense is the adoption of SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 123R requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees, directors and non-employees including employee stock options and employee stock purchases based on estimated fair value. Prior to 2006, we used the intrinsic-value method of accounting for stock based compensation arrangements for employees, directors and non-employees. Under the intrinsic-value method of accounting for stock based compensation, we recognized compensation cost to the extent the fair value of the underlying common stock exceeds the exercise price of the stock options at the date of grant.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
We ended the second quarter of 2006 with $215.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as compared to $54.2 million at December 31, 2005, an increase of $161.1 million from six months ago. This increase was primarily due to $138.5 million net proceeds raised from the issuance of common stock in connection with our follow-on offering completed in March 2006, $9.4 million of net cash provided by operating activities and $3.1 million of proceeds from the issuance of common stock from stock option exercises and our ESPP program. We expect to finance our operations for the next twelve months primarily through available operating cash flows and cash reserves. There was $20,000,000 available for borrowings under the line of credit at June 30, 2006. We invest a large portion of our available cash in highly liquid, short-term investment grade government and agency debt securities with maturities of less than three months.
The following table summarizes Rackable System’s statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Statements of Cash Flows Data: | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | $ | 9,363 | | | $ | (3,017 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (133,611 | ) | | | (401 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 153,969 | | | | 22,209 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 29,721 | | | | 18,791 | |
Cash and cash equivalents—Beginning of period | | | 29,099 | | | | 17,111 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents—End of period | | $ | 58,820 | | | $ | 35,902 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2006 was $9.4 million, as compared to net cash of $3.0 million used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2005. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the $6.6 million increase in our inventory was partially offset by an increase in our accounts payable of $2.3 million and a decrease in accounts receivable of $3.1 million. The increase in inventory was mainly due to higher raw material purchases at June 30, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005. Our income before taxes for the six months ended
24
June 30, 2006 was reduced by $6.9 million of non-cash charges for stock based compensation. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, net cash used in operating activities of $3.0 million resulted from a net loss of $3.2 million that was partially offset by $4.2 million of non-cash charges pertaining to changes in fair value of embedded derivatives. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2005, cash was used in operating activities to fund net working capital increases in accounts receivable of $10.2 million and inventory of $6.5 million. These were partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $8.1 million.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, we presented as operating cash flows the tax benefits from option exercises related to the excess of tax deductions from employees exercises of stock options over the related stock-based compensation cost recognized for financial reporting purposes. In accordance with SFAS 123R, such tax benefits are classified as financing cash flows. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded $12.4 million of excess tax benefits related to stock option exercises as a financing cash inflows and a change to prepaids and other assets of $4.3 million associated with the benefit from excess tax deductions as an operating cash outflow. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2006, cash flows from operating activities would have been $12.4 million higher had we not adopted SFAS 123R.
We anticipate that accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable will continue to increase to the extent our business expands.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was $133.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to cash used in investing activities of $401,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, cash used in investing activities consisted of purchases of short-term marketable securities of $199.3 million, primarily attributed to net proceeds of $138.5 million received from the issuance of common stock from the completion of our follow-on offering in March 2006, and $2.0 million used for capital expenditures for computer hardware, office equipment and software applications. These were partially offset by sales and net maturities of our short-term marketable securities of $67.8 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, we used cash in investing activities of $401,000 for capital and intangible expenditures.
In general, we are not a capital intensive company. However, we do expect capital investments to increase moderately in the near future as we implement a new enterprise resource planning and financial system and we invest in our infrastructure and systems to improve our process controls and procedures in anticipation of becoming Sarbanes-Oxley compliant by the end of 2006.
Financing Activities
Net cash generated from financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2006 was $154.0 million, as compared to $22.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. In the first quarter of 2006, we successfully completed a follow-on offering receiving net proceeds of $138.5 million. We invested the proceeds in short-term investments. In accordance with SFAS 123R, the cash flows resulting from the excess tax benefits from employee’s exercises of stock options (as discussed above) are classified as financing cash flows. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded $12.4 million of excess tax benefits related to stock option exercises. In the six months ended June 30, 2005, we repurchased common stock from our Founders for $6.0 million and primarily financed our operations through our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank.
Credit Facility
We extended our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank in August 2005. The line of credit agreement provides for borrowings not to exceed the lesser of $20,000,000 or the sum of 80% of eligible accounts receivable and loans from the bank in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000, provided that such loans shall only be available as long as we maintain profitability in each of the two preceding fiscal quarters, less the amount of all outstanding letters of credit, foreign exchange reserves and all amounts utilized for cash management services. The line of credit agreement matures on August 30, 2006 and provides an aggregate sub-limit of $5,000,000 for letters of credit, cash management services and reserves, as defined, and foreign exchange contracts. Borrowings under the line of credit bear interest at prime and are secured by substantially all of our assets, including intellectual property rights. The line of credit agreement contains financial covenants that specify minimum profitability and tangible net worth requirements. There was $20,000,000 available for borrowings under the line of credit at June 30, 2006.
We expect to experience growth in our operating expenses for the foreseeable future to execute our business strategy. We intend to fund these activities with our cash reserves, available borrowings under our line of credit and cash generated
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from operations, if any. This increase in operating expenses may not result in an increase in our revenue and our anticipated revenue may not be sufficient to support these increased expenditures. We anticipate that operating expenses and working capital will constitute a material use of our cash resources.
Contractual Obligations and Contingent Liabilities and Commitments
The following are contractual commitments at June 30, 2006, associated with debt obligations, lease obligations, and contractual commitments (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1 - 3 years |
Operating leases | | $ | 1,557 | | $ | 500 | | $ | 1,057 |
Purchase obligations | | | 313 | | | 313 | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,870 | | $ | 813 | | $ | 1,057 |
| | | | | | | | | |
In July 2004, we entered into a five-year lease agreement for our corporate headquarters located in Milpitas, California.
In February 2006, we agreed to purchase 2,500 board pairs from a supplier. As of June 30, 2006, there was a remaining commitment of $312,500 for the year ending December 31, 2006.
Other than the obligations, liabilities and commitments described above, we have no significant unconditional purchase obligations or similar instruments. We are not a guarantor of any other entities’ debt or other financial obligations. We have no off-balance sheet transactions.
We believe that our current cash balance will be sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next 12 months. If we require additional capital resources to grow our business internally or to acquire complementary technologies and businesses at any time in the future, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain other debt financing. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities could result in more dilution to our stockholders. Financing arrangements may not be available to us, or may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us.
Related Party Transactions
In February 2005, the Company entered into an agreement with Rackable Investment LLC, the Company’s controlling stockholder, in which Rackable Investment LLC gave up its right to take cash in lieu of common stock upon redemption of the Series A preferred stock held by it. In consideration for this, the Company agreed (1) not to take a number of corporate actions without Rackable Investment LLC’s consent, including pricing or consummating a contemplated initial public offering, (2) to amend the registration rights agreement between the Company and Rackable Investment LLC and the Company’s founders that provides Rackable Investment LLC with additional registration rights in the event of another offering, and (3) to amend the voting agreement with Rackable Investment LLC to clarify the provisions of that agreement. As a result, the carrying amount of the embedded derivative related to the common stock conversion unit of the Series A preferred stock was reclassified to additional paid-in capital in February 2005 (Note 13).
In February 2005, the Company repurchased a total of 816,083 shares of its common stock from the three founders of Old Rackable for approximately $6,000,000 in cash. Such shares had been issued to the three founders in connection with the purchase of Old Rackable in December 2002 and represented approximately 18% of the common stock in the Company held by the founders.
Risks Related To Our Business and Industry
Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and will continue to fluctuate in the future, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past, and we believe that they will continue to fluctuate in the future, due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. For example, our revenues grew from $18.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 to $34.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, but declined to $33.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2004 and to $23.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2004.
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Although our revenues have increased on a quarterly basis since the fourth quarter of 2004, we expect our revenues will fluctuate on a quarterly basis in future periods, and we have projected that revenues for the third quarter of 2006 may be lower than revenues in the second quarter of 2006. If in future periods our operating results do not meet the expectations of investors or analysts who choose to follow our company, our stock price may fall. Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include the following:
| • | | fluctuations in the buying patterns and sizes of customer orders from one quarter to the next; |
| • | | timing of delivery of our products; |
| • | | addition of new customers or loss of existing customers; |
| • | | our ability to enhance our products with new and better functionality; |
| • | | costs associated with obtaining components to satisfy customer demand; |
| • | | productivity and growth of our sales force; |
| • | | new product announcements or introductions or changes in pricing by our competitors; |
| • | | the portion of our revenues that result from the sale of server products and storage products; |
| • | | technology and intellectual property issues associated with our products; and |
| • | | general economic trends, including changes in information technology spending or geopolitical events such as war or incidents of terrorism. |
We are substantially dependent on a concentrated number of customers, specifically Internet companies, that purchase in large quantities. If we are unable to maintain or replace our relationships with customers and diversify our customer base, our revenues may fluctuate and our growth may be limited.
Historically, a significant portion of our revenues has come from a limited number of customers. There can be no guarantee that we will be able to sustain our revenue levels from these customers because our revenues have largely been generated in connection with these customers’ decisions to deploy large-scale server and storage farms and their capacity requirements may become fulfilled. For example, our largest customer in fiscal 2002 accounted for 32% of our revenues, but this customer only accounted for 6% of our revenues in fiscal 2003 and none of our revenues in fiscal 2004. Similarly, our largest customer in fiscal 2004 accounted for 36% of our revenues, but only accounted for 1% of our revenues in fiscal 2003. In 2005 our three largest customers accounted for approximately 60% of our revenues. In the first half of 2006 our three largest customers account for 74% of our revenues. Moreover, the proportion of our revenues derived from a limited number of customers may be even higher in any future quarter. If we cannot maintain or replace the customers that purchase large amounts of our products, or if they do not purchase products at the levels or at the times that we anticipate, our ability to maintain or grow our revenues will be adversely affected.
In 2005 and the first half of 2006, a substantial majority of our revenues were generated from companies that compete in the Internet services market. A significant part of our growth has been due to the fact that these companies are doing well and in many cases expanding, and, as a result, have been purchasing large quantities of products from us. If economic factors change for these Internet companies, as they have before, our ability to maintain or grow our revenues will be adversely affected.
We face intense competition from the leading enterprise computing companies in the world as well as from emerging companies. If we are unable to compete effectively, we might not be able to achieve sufficient market penetration, revenue growth or profitability.
The markets for compute server products and storage products are highly competitive. Our most significant competitors, Dell, Inc., Hewlett-Packard Company, International Business Machines Corporation and Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the compute server market and EMC Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Company, Hitachi Data Systems, Ltd. and Network Appliance, Inc. in the storage market, represent some of the most established companies in the computer industry. These competitors have the following advantages over us:
| • | | substantially greater market presence and greater name recognition; |
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| • | | substantially greater financial, technical, research and development, sales and marketing, manufacturing, distribution and other resources; |
| • | | longer operating histories; |
| • | | a broader offering of products and services; |
| • | | more established relationships with customers, suppliers and other technology companies; and |
| • | | the ability to acquire technologies or consolidate with other companies in the industry to compete more effectively. |
Because these competitors have greater financial strength than we do and are able to offer a more diversified bundle of products and services, they may have the ability to severely undercut the pricing of our products, which would make us uncompetitive or force us to reduce our average selling prices, negatively impacting our margins. In addition, we have on occasion lost sales opportunities due to a competitor undercutting the pricing of our products or maintaining superior brand recognition. These competitors may be able to develop products that are superior to the commercially available components that we incorporate into our products, or may be able to offer products that provide significant price advantages over those we offer. For instance, a competitor could use its resources to develop proprietary motherboards with specifications and performance that are superior in comparison with the platforms that are currently available to the marketplace, which could give that competitor a distinct technological advantage. In addition, if our competitors’ products become more accepted than our products, our competitive position will be impaired.
As the enterprise computing industry evolves, we expect to encounter additional competitors, including companies in adjacent technology businesses such as storage and networking infrastructure and management, companies providing technology that is complementary to ours in functionality, such as datacenter management software, contract manufacturers, and other emerging companies that may announce server product offerings. Moreover, our current and potential competitors, including companies with whom we currently have strategic alliances, may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with other third parties. If this occurs, new competitors or alliances may emerge that could negatively impact our competitive position.
Our products incorporate open standard, commoditized components and materials that we obtain in spot markets, and, as a result, our cost structure and our ability to respond in a timely manner to customer demand are sensitive to volatility of the market prices for these components and materials.
A significant portion of our operating expenses is directly related to the pricing of commoditized materials and components utilized in the manufacture of our products, such as memory, hard drives and central processing units, or CPUs. As part of our procurement model, we do not enter into long-term supply contracts for these materials and components, but instead purchase these materials and components in a competitive bid purchase order environment with suppliers or on the open market at spot prices. As a result, our cost structure is affected by the availability and price volatility in the marketplace for these components and materials, especially for dynamic random access memory, or DRAM, and new versions of hard drives and CPUs that are introduced by our suppliers. This volatility makes it difficult to predict expense levels and operating results and may cause them to fluctuate significantly. In addition, if we are successful in growing our business, we may not be able to continue to procure components solely on the spot market, which would require us to enter into contracts with component suppliers to obtain these components. This could increase our costs and decrease our gross margins.
In addition, because our procurement model involves our ability to maintain a low inventory and to acquire materials and components as needed, and because we do not enter into long-term supply contracts for these materials and components, we may be in a position in which our ability to effectively and efficiently respond to customer orders may be constrained by the then-current availability or the terms and pricing of these materials and components. Our industry has experienced component shortages and delivery delays in the past, and in the future we may experience shortages or delays of critical components as a result of strong demand in the industry or other factors. As one example, DRAM can represent a significant portion of our cost of revenues, and both the price and availability of various kinds of DRAM are subject to substantial volatility in the spot market. In the past, we have encountered situations where we were forced to pay higher prices than we anticipated for DRAM, and we have encountered situations where DRAM was in tight supply and we were unable to deliver customer orders on their anticipated delivery dates. As another example, the industry in the past has experienced a shortage of selected Intel chips, which caused some of our motherboard suppliers to reduce or suspend shipments of motherboards using these chips. This impacted our ability to ship selected configurations to some of our customers, and in some cases accelerated
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a transition to other platforms. If shortages or delays arise, the prices of these components may increase or the components may not be available at all. We may not be able to secure enough components at reasonable prices or of acceptable quality to build new products to meet customer demand, which could adversely affect our business and financial results.
We intend to expand our operations and increase our expenditures in an effort to grow our business. If we are not able to manage this growth and expansion, or if our business does not grow as we expect, our operating results may suffer.
We intend to continue to grow our business by entering new markets, developing new product and service offerings and pursuing new customers. In connection with this growth, we expect that our annual operating expenses will increase over the next several years as we expand our sales and marketing, research and development, manufacturing and production infrastructure, and our customer service and support efforts. Our failure to timely or efficiently expand operational and financial systems and to implement or maintain effective internal controls and procedures could result in additional operating inefficiencies that could increase our costs and expenses more than we had planned and might cause us to lose the ability to take advantage of market opportunities, enhance existing products, develop new products, satisfy customer requirements, respond to competitive pressures or otherwise execute our business plan. Additionally, if we do increase our operating expenses in anticipation of the growth of our business and this growth does not meet our expectations, our financial results will be negatively impacted.
If we acquire or invest in other companies, assets or technologies and we are not able to integrate them with our business, or we do not realize the anticipated financial and strategic goals for any of these transactions, our financial performance may be impaired.
If appropriate opportunities present themselves, we may consider acquiring or making investments in companies, assets or technologies that we believe are strategic. We do not have any experience in doing so, and if we do succeed in acquiring or investing in a company, asset or technology, we will be exposed to a number of risks, including:
| • | | we may find that the acquired company, asset or technology does not further our business strategy, that we overpaid for the company, asset or technology or that the economic conditions underlying our acquisition decision have changed; |
| • | | we may have difficulty integrating the assets, technologies, operations or personnel of an acquired company, or retaining the key personnel of the acquired company; |
| • | | our ongoing business and management’s attention may be disrupted or diverted by transition or integration issues and the complexity of managing geographically or culturally diverse enterprises; |
| • | | we may encounter difficulty entering and competing in new product or geographic markets or increased competition, including price competition or intellectual property litigation; and |
| • | | we may experience significant problems or liabilities associated with product quality, technology and legal contingencies relating to the acquired business or technology, such as intellectual property or employment matters. |
In addition, from time to time we may enter into negotiations for acquisitions or investments that are not ultimately consummated. These negotiations could result in significant diversion of management time, as well as substantial out-of-pocket costs. If we were to proceed with one or more significant acquisitions or investments in which the consideration included cash, we could be required to use a substantial portion of our available cash. To the extent we issue shares of capital stock or other rights to purchase capital stock, including options and warrants, existing stockholders might be diluted and earnings per share might decrease. In addition, acquisitions and investments may result in the incurrence of debt, large one-time write-offs, such as of acquired in-process research and development costs, and restructuring charges.
We have begun to expand our sales into international markets and intend to further expand our sales into additional international markets, which may be more difficult than we expect, and if we are unable to do so successfully, our revenues and operating results may be adversely impacted.
One component of our growth strategy is to expand into international markets, which includes our establishment of a subsidiary in Ireland during September 2005. However, we have limited experience in selling our systems overseas, and we may encounter unexpected difficulties in doing so. If we are not able to successfully expand into international markets, our ability to grow
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our business will be adversely affected. Some of the factors that may impact our ability to initiate and maintain sales in foreign markets include:
| • | | our ability to establish international manufacturing, support and service, which could be costly and time consuming; |
| • | | our ability to establish channel relationships with resellers in international markets; |
| • | | adoption of new laws or changes to existing international laws; |
| • | | our ability to service international installations; |
| • | | currency fluctuations; and |
| • | | political and economic instability. |
Our business depends on decisions by potential customers to adopt our modular, open standard-based products and to replace their legacy server systems with our products, and they may be reluctant to do so, which would limit our growth.
Our business depends on companies moving away from large proprietary RISC/UNIX servers, to servers based on modular, open standard-based architecture, including servers that run on Linux and Microsoft Windows operating systems and that utilize commercially available x86 processor architectures. If enterprises do not continue to adopt this open standard-based approach, the market for our products may not grow as we anticipate and our revenues would be adversely affected. Excluding sales to Microsoft Corporation, we believe that a majority of the server systems that we sold in 2004 and 2005 ran on the Linux operating system, and are subject to the GNU General Public License. Pending litigation involving the SCO Group’s claim against IBM that Linux is an unauthorized derivative work of the UNIX® operating system, if it results in a ruling that users of Linux must pay royalties to SCO or others, could impede broader Linux adoption and could materially harm our ability to sell our products based on the Linux operating system. In addition, the GNU General Public License is a subject of litigation, and it is possible that a court could hold these licenses to be unenforceable in that litigation or that a party could prove a claim for proprietary rights in the Linux operating system or other programs developed and distributed under these licenses. Any ruling by a court that these licenses are not enforceable, or that the Linux operating system or significant portions of it may not be copied, modified or distributed subject only to the minimal restrictions contained in these licenses, could also impede broader Linux adoption and limit our ability to sell our products based on the Linux operating system. Further, because potential customers have often invested significant capital and other resources in existing systems, many of which run mission-critical applications, customers may be hesitant to make dramatic changes to their datacenter systems. The failure of our customers and potential customers to replace their legacy server systems and adopt open standard-based modular technologies could have a material adverse impact on our ability to maintain or generate additional revenues.
We rely primarily on our direct sales force to generate revenues, and may be unable to hire additional qualified sales personnel in a timely manner or retain our existing sales representatives.
To date, we have relied primarily on our direct sales force to sell our products in the United States. Because we are looking to expand our customer base and grow our sales to existing customers, we will need to continue to hire qualified sales personnel if we are to achieve our anticipated revenue growth. The competition for qualified sales personnel in our industry, and particularly in Silicon Valley, is very intense. If we are unable to hire, train, deploy and manage qualified sales personnel in a timely manner, our ability to grow our business will be impaired. For example, in the past, it has taken us up to six months to hire a qualified sales executive and it may take a newly hired sales executive up to nine months after hiring to become productive, resulting in aggregate lag time between the commencement of the search to productivity in excess of one year. In addition, if we are unable to retain our existing sales personnel, our ability to maintain or grow our current level of revenues will be adversely affected.
We are developing a channel strategy to generate additional sales and revenues, and the failure to implement this strategy successfully might affect our ability to sustain revenue growth and may harm our business and operations.
An increasing portion of our sales strategy is to develop our sales efforts through the use of resellers and other third parties to sell our systems. We may not be successful in building or expanding relationships with these third parties. Further, even if we do develop and expand these relationships, they may conflict with our direct sales efforts in some territories.
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Ineffective marketing of our products by our resellers or disruptions in our distribution channels could lead to decreased sales or slower than expected growth in revenues and might harm our business and operations.
Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects, and may increase the risk of your investment.
Our company has only been in existence since October 1999, and much of our growth has occurred since December 2002. Our limited operating history may make it difficult to evaluate our current business and our future prospects. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries. If we do not address these risks successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.
Our sales cycle requires us to expend a significant amount of resources, and could have an adverse effect on the amount, timing and predictability of future revenues.
The sales cycle of our products, beginning from our first customer contact to closing of the sale, often ranges from three to six months. We may expend significant resources during the sales cycle and ultimately fail to close the sale. The success of our product sales process is subject to factors over which we have little or no control, including:
| • | | the timing of our customers’ budget cycles and approval processes; |
| • | | our customers’ existing use of, or willingness to adopt, open standard server products, or to replace their existing servers or expand their processing capacity with our products; |
| • | | the announcement or introduction of competing products; and |
| • | | established relationships between our competitors and our potential customers. |
We expend substantial time, effort and money educating our current and prospective customers as to the value of our products. Even if we are successful in persuading lower-level decision makers within our customers’ organizations of the benefits of our products, senior management might nonetheless elect not to buy our products after months of sales efforts by our employees or resellers. If we are unsuccessful in closing sales after expending significant resources, our revenues and operating expenses will be adversely affected.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property adequately, we may not be able to compete effectively.
Our intellectual property is critical to our success and our ability to compete. If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, our competitors might gain access to our technology. Unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our proprietary technology despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property. In September 2005, we filed a patent infringement action against one defendant in response to which the defendant counterclaimed that two of our patents are invalid and not infringed. In addition, we previously initiated two patent infringement actions against six defendants, seeking to enforce our intellectual property rights. We obtained consent judgments and permanent injunctions against five of the defendants, and reached a confidential settlement with the sixth. However, litigation is inherently uncertain, and there is no assurance that any litigation we initiate will have a successful outcome. Monitoring unauthorized use of our technology is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent unauthorized use of our technology, particularly in foreign countries where we have two patent applications pending but do not have any issued patents, and the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as the laws of the United States. Any claims or litigation that we have initiated or that we may initiate in the future to protect our proprietary technology could be time consuming and expensive and divert the attention of our technical and management resources whether or not the claims or litigation are decided in our favor. We currently have seven patents issued in the United States and 17 utility patent applications pending. Patents may not be issued from these patent applications, and even if patents are issued, they may not benefit us or give us adequate protection from competing products. For example, issued patents might be circumvented or challenged, as is the case in the current patent infringement action, and could be declared invalid or unenforceable. Moreover, if other companies develop unpatented proprietary technology similar to ours or competing technologies, our competitive position will be weakened.
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If we are found to have violated the intellectual property rights of others, we could be required to indemnify our customers, resellers or suppliers, redesign our products, pay significant royalties and enter into license agreements with third parties.
Our industry is characterized by a large number of patents, copyrights, trade secrets and trademarks and by frequent litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violation of intellectual property rights. As we continue our business, expand our product lines and our product functionality, and expand into new jurisdictions around the world, third parties may assert that our technology or products violate their intellectual property rights. Although we have no knowledge of being in infringement, we cannot assure you that we are not in infringement of third party patents. Any claim, regardless of its merits, could be expensive and time consuming to defend against, and would divert the attention of our technical and management resources. Successful intellectual property claims against us could result in significant financial liability or prevent us from operating our business or portions of our business. In addition, resolution of claims may require us to redesign our technology, to obtain licenses to use intellectual property belonging to third parties, which we may not be able to obtain on reasonable terms, to cease using the technology covered by those rights, and to indemnify our customers, resellers or suppliers. Any of these events could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we lose the services of one or more members of our current executive management team or other key employees, or if we are unable to attract additional executives or key employees, we may not be able to execute on our business strategy.
Our future success depends in large part upon the continued service of our executive management team and other key employees. In particular, Thomas K. Barton, our chief executive officer, and Todd R. Ford, our president, are critical to the overall management of our company as well as to the development of our culture and our strategic direction. Giovanni Coglitore, our chief technology officer and one of our founders, plays a key role in our future technology and product development. All of our employees are “at will” and their employment can be terminated by us or them at any time. The loss of services of any of these executives or of one or more other members of our executive management or sales team or other key employees could seriously harm our business. Competition for qualified executives is intense, particularly in Silicon Valley, and if we are unable to continue expanding our management team or successfully integrate new additions to our management team in a manner that enables us to scale our business and operations effectively, our ability to operate effectively and efficiently could be limited.
If we fail to maintain or expand our relationships with our suppliers, we may not have adequate access to new or key technology necessary for our products, and, as a result, our ability to deliver leading-edge products may be impaired.
In addition to the technologies we develop, our suppliers develop product innovations at our direction that are requested by our customers. In many cases, we retain the ownership of the intellectual property developed by these suppliers. In addition, we rely heavily on our component suppliers, such as Intel and Advanced Micro Devices, to provide us with leading-edge components. If we are not able to maintain or expand our relationships with our suppliers or continue to leverage their research and development capabilities to develop new technologies desired by our customers, our ability to deliver leading-edge products may be impaired and we could be required to incur additional research and development expenses.
We depend on our Foundation Series servers for substantially all of our revenues. If the market acceptance of our Foundation Series servers does not continue, or if we are unsuccessful in introducing our Scale Out Series servers, we may not be able to achieve or sustain our anticipated growth.
We sold our first Foundation Series servers in February 2000. For fiscal 2005 and the first half of 2006, sales of our Foundation Series product line accounted for approximately 93% and 89%, respectively, of our revenues. We launched our Scale Out Series product line in August 2004 as an additional offering in our product line, which accounted for approximately 7% and 11% of our revenues in fiscal 2005 and the first half of 2006, respectively. While we expect this series to contribute to future revenues, we are not certain if this contribution will continue or grow. If our Scale Out Series compute servers fail to achieve market acceptance, or if we are unsuccessful in developing improved products or products to replace or supplement our current product line, we may not grow our business and revenues as we expect. In addition, while it is not our intention, there is the risk that sales of our Scale Out Series compute servers will, in some cases, replace sales of our Foundation Series compute servers, which would decrease the ability of our Scale Out Series compute servers to increase our revenues. Further, because our customers are engaged in large-scale data center implementations, if customers believe that new generations of our products will become available in the near future, this perception may cause customers to delay or cancel existing orders, which would affect our ability to generate revenues in accordance with forecasted levels.
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We rely on contract manufacturers to manufacture our products, and our failure to successfully manage our relationships with these contract manufacturers could impair our ability to deliver our systems in a manner consistent with required volumes or delivery schedules, which could damage our relationships with our customers and decrease our revenues.
We rely on a small number of contract manufacturers to assemble and test a majority of our products. In 2004, we relied on Sanmina-SCI Corporation to manufacture a majority of our products. During 2005, Synnex manufactured a majority of our products. None of these third-party contract manufacturers are obligated to perform services or supply products to us for any specific period, or in any specific quantities, except as may be provided in a particular purchase order. Moreover, none of our contract manufacturers has provided contractual assurances to us that adequate capacity will be available to us to meet future demand for our products. If our contract manufacturers are not able to maintain our high standards of quality, are not able to increase capacity as needed, or are forced to shut down a factory, our ability to deliver quality products to our customers on a timely basis may decline, which would damage our relationships with customers, decrease our revenues and negatively impact our growth.
Our customers require a high degree of reliability in our products and services, and if we cannot meet their expectations our relationships with our customers could be damaged and demand for our products and services will decline.
Because our customers rely on our products and services for their enterprise or mission critical applications, any failure to provide high quality products and reliable services, whether caused by our own failure or failures by our suppliers or contract manufacturers, could damage our reputation and reduce demand for our products and services. In addition, delays in our ability to fill product orders as a result of quality control issues, such as an increase in failure rates or the rate of product returns, may negatively impact our relationships with our customers and harm our revenues and growth.
If we are not able to recover sales and use taxes from past sales to several of our customers, we may have to pay those taxes out of our funds and record an additional charge to our operating results.
In December 2005, we identified potential state sales and use tax liabilities relating to certain of our product sales to customers outside of California. We estimated the gross tax liability to the states identified to be $1.15 million which was recorded in Accrued expenses as of December 31, 2005. We also quantified the exposure relating to interest and estimated collection exposures and, accordingly, recorded a $426,000 charge to general and administrative expense in the fourth quarter of 2005 with an offsetting increase to Accrued expenses as of December 31, 2005. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, we increased our estimated gross tax liability by $500,000 to $1.65 million which was recorded in Accrued expenses. There was no change in Accrued expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2006 for the exposure relating to interest and estimated collection exposures of $426,000. Although we believe that we have the right to recover the sales tax from these customers, and accordingly have recorded a receivable for $1.65 million (included in other current assets), if we are not able to recover these sales taxes from these customers, we will record an additional charge to our operating results and need to pay these taxes out of our funds.
Maintaining and improving our financial controls and the requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management’s attention and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board members.
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and The NASDAQ Stock Market Rules, or Nasdaq rules. The requirements of these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and may also place undue strain on our personnel, systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. This can be difficult to do. For example, in connection with our audit for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm noted a reportable condition with respect to the method of accounting that we applied to the embedded derivatives related to our mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, the preferred stock issued to two executives in exchange for promissory notes and certain stock options. As a result, audit adjusting entries were required for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004. Due to the magnitude of the adjustments, this reportable condition was determined to be a material weakness. The accounting for equity and derivative instruments is complex, and the relevant accounting implications must be closely monitored, researched and evaluated. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, significant resources and management oversight are required. As a result of this and similar activities, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the Nasdaq National Market.
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In connection with these efforts, we are implementing a new Enterprise Resource Planning system, or ERP system in 2006. If we are unable to implement the ERP system and similar Sarbanes-Oxley compliance-related activities in a timely and efficient manner, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns and we may encounter difficulties in accurately reporting on our financial performance on a timely basis, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Nasdaq rules, we are required to maintain an independent board. If we are unable to maintain adequate directors’ and officers’ insurance, our ability to recruit and retain qualified directors, especially those directors who may be deemed independent for purposes of Nasdaq rules, and officers will be significantly curtailed.
ITEM 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest rate risk represents the risk of changes in value of a financial instrument caused by fluctuations in interest rates. We did not have material indebtedness for borrowed money as of June 30, 2006. The annual interest rate on our credit facility is the prime rate plus 1%. If and when we do enter into future borrowing arrangements or borrow under our existing revolving credit facility, we may seek to manage exposure to interest rate changes by using a mix of debt maturities and variable- and fixed-rate debt, together with interest rate swaps where appropriate, to fix or lower our borrowing costs. We do not make material sales or have material purchase obligations outside of the United States and therefore do not generally have exposure to foreign currency exchange risks.
Our exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006, our cash equivalents consisted of money market funds and our short-term investments consisted of debt securities with effective maturities of three months and less. We do not believe that an immediate 10% increase in interest rates would have a material effect on the fair market value of our portfolio at December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006. Since we believe we have the ability to liquidate this portfolio, we do not expect our operating results or cash flows to be materially affected to any significant degree by a sudden change in market interest rates on our investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006, we had no material foreign currency exchange risk.
ITEM 4.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based on our management’s evaluation (with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer), as of the end of the period covered by this report, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are effective as of June 30, 2006 to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2006, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.Legal Proceedings
On September 2, 2005, we filed suit against Supermicro Computer, Inc. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, claiming that Supermicro’s products infringe two patents held by us. The complaint seeks monetary damages and injunctive relief. On September 22, 2005, in its answer to this suit, Supermicro Computer claimed that the two patents held by us are invalid. During the second quarter of 2006, discovery in the case continued. From time to time, we may be subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. We previously discussed this suit in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006
ITEM 1A.Risk Factors
We include in Part I, Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Risks Related to Our Operations” a description of risk factors related to our business in order to enable readers to assess, and be appropriately apprised of, many of the risks and uncertainties applicable to the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We do not claim that the risks and uncertainties set forth in that section are all of the risks and uncertainties facing our business, but do believe that they reflect the more important ones.
The risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC on February 22, 2006, have not substantively changed, except for as follows:
1. The risk factors “We are substantially dependent on a concentrated number of customers, specifically Internet companies, that purchase in large quantities. If we are unable to maintain or replace our relationships with customers and diversify our customer base, our revenues may fluctuate and our growth may be limited,” “We depend on our Foundation Series servers for substantially all of our revenues. If the market acceptance of our Foundation Series servers does not continue, or if we are unsuccessful in introducing our Scale Out Series servers, we may not be able to achieve or sustain our anticipated growth,” and “If we are not able to recover sales and use taxes from past sales to several of our customers, we may have to pay those taxes out of our funds and record an additional charge to our operating results” have been updated as set forth in Part I, Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Risks Related to Our Business” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, to include second quarter of 2006 financial information.
2. The risk factor “Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and will continue to fluctuate in the future, which could cause our stock price to decline” has been updated to reflect our third quarter financial projections.
3. The risk factor “Our products incorporate open standard, commoditized components and materials that we obtain in spot markets, and, as a result, our cost structure and our ability to respond in a timely manner to customer demand are sensitive to volatility of the market prices for these components and materials” has been updated to note that our cost structure can be affected by the availability and price volatility of DRAM and new versions of hard drives and CPUs released by our suppliers.
4. As a result of the receipt of aggregate net proceeds from our follow-on public offering in March 2006, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs, of approximately $138.5 million, we believe that the risks cited in the risk factor entitled “Our cash balance and short term investments may decrease significantly during a quarter and if we are unable to raise additional capital or improve our cash position from operating activities in such a quarter, our business may be harmed” have decreased substantially.
5. As a result of our follow-on public offering in March 2006, the stock ownership of our major stockholders decreased. As a result, the risks set forth in the risk factor entitled “Our existing principal stockholders, executive officers and directors have substantial control over our company, which may prevent stockholders from influencing significant corporate decisions” have decreased substantially.
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6. As a result of the sales by the selling stockholders in our follow-on public offering in March 2006, together with the expiration of lock-up agreements entered into in connection with our follow-on public offering in December 2005, we believe that the risks set forth in the risk factor “A significant portion of our total outstanding common stock is restricted from immediate resale but may be sold into the market in the near future. If there are substantial sales of our common stock, the price of our common stock could decline” have decreased substantially.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 31, 2006, our stockholders approved the following items:
(a) The election of the following individuals as directors of the Company.
| | | | |
| | For | | Withheld |
Thomas K. Barton | | 15,848,872 | | 9,735 |
Gary A. Griffiths | | 15,847,351 | | 11,256 |
Michael J. Maulick | | 15,847,371 | | 11,236 |
Hagi Schwartz | | 15,847,371 | | 11,236 |
Ronald D. Verdoorn | | 15,848,851 | | 9,756 |
(b) The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as independent registered public accounting firm for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2006.
| | | | |
For | | Against | | Abstain |
15,854,111 | | 2,012 | | 2,484 |
ITEM 6. Exhibits
See Index to Exhibits following the signature page to this Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by reference here.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
RACKABLE SYSTEMS, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ Madhu Ranganathan |
By: | | Madhu Ranganathan |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Duly authorized and principal financial officer) |
Dated: August 14, 2006
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Exhibit Index
| | |
Number | | Exhibit |
3.1 | | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1) |
| |
3.2 | | Bylaws, as amended (2) |
| |
4.1 | | Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 |
| |
10.1 | | Officer Compensation Changes in Second Quarter 2006 (3) |
| |
31.1 | | Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). |
| |
31.2 | | Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a). |
| |
32.1* | | Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. §1350). |
* | The certification attached as Exhibit 32.1 accompanies the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed “filed” by Rackable Systems for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
(1) | Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Rackable Systems, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 12, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. |
(2) | Filed as Exhibit 3.6 to Rackable Systems, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-122576) and incorporated herein by reference. |
(3) | Described in Item 1.01 of Rackable Systems, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 12, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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