| Cover | Sep. 09, 2020 |
| Cover [Abstract] | |
| Document Type | 8-K |
| Amendment Flag | false |
| Document Period End Date | Sep. 9, 2020 |
| Entity File Number | 001-33451 |
| Entity Registrant Name | ALBIREO PHARMA, INC. |
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001322505 |
| Entity Tax Identification Number | 90-0136863 |
| Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE |
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 10 Post Office Square |
| Entity Address, Address Line Two | Suite 1000 |
| Entity Address, City or Town | Boston |
| Entity Address, State or Province | MA |
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 02109 |
| City Area Code | 857 |
| Local Phone Number | 254-5555 |
| Written Communications | false |
| Soliciting Material | false |
| Pre-commencement Tender Offer | false |
| Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer | false |
| Title of 12(b) Security | Common Stock |
| Trading Symbol | ALBO |
| Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ |
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | false |
