QuickLinks -- Click here to rapidly navigate through this documentFiled pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-125335

ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
a Delaware Limited Liability Company
November 10, 2005
The Securities being offered by Advanced BioEnergy, LLC are
Limited Liability Company Membership Units:
Minimum Offering Amount | | $33,662,500 | | Minimum Number of Units | | 3,366,250 |
Maximum Offering Amount | | $67,325,000 | | Maximum Number of Units | | 6,732,500 |
Offering Price: $10 per Unit Minimum Purchase Requirement: 2,500 Units ($25,000) Additional Increments: 100 Units ($1,000)
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We are offering limited liability company membership units in Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. If we are successful in this offering, and are able to obtain the debt financing that we seek, we intend to use the offering proceeds to pay for a portion of the construction and start-up costs of a 100 million gallons per year dry mill corn-processing ethanol plant to be located near Fairmont, Nebraska in Fillmore County. Depending on the level of equity we raise in this offering, we will need to obtain debt financing, incentives and other grants ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 in order to fully capitalize the project. (See "Estimated Sources of Funds")
We are offering the units at a purchase price of $10 per unit. The minimum purchase requirement is 2,500 units for a minimum investment of $25,000. Additional units may be purchased in increments of 100. The units are subject to substantial transfer restrictions. The offering will end no later than November 10, 2006. If we sell the maximum number of units prior to November 10, 2006, the offering will end on the date that the maximum number of units have been sold. We may also decide to end the offering any time after we have sold the minimum number of units and prior to November 10, 2006. If we decide to abandon the project for any reason, we will terminate the offering.
Investments will be held in escrow until the earliest of (1) our receipt of $33,662,500 or more in offering proceeds and a written debt financing commitment for an amount ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 depending on the amount of incentives and other grants we receive; (2) November 10, 2006; or (3) our termination or abandonment of the offering. We are registering the units for sale in Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. We are selling the units directly to investors on a best efforts basis without using an underwriter. We are exempt from broker-dealer registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, South Dakota and Wisconsin. We will register as an issuer-dealer in Florida and Nebraska and have registered issuer-dealer agents selling the offering in these states and in Kansas.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
These securities are speculative securities and involve a significant degree of risk (see "RISK FACTORS" starting on page 8), and will constitute an investment in an illiquid security since no public or other market for the units now exists or is expected to develop.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY | | 1 |
RISK FACTORS | | 8 |
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS | | 22 |
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE | | 23 |
DILUTION | | 23 |
CAPITALIZATION | | 26 |
DISTRIBUTION POLICY | | 27 |
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA | | 28 |
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATION | | 29 |
ESTIMATED SOURCES OF FUNDS | | 34 |
ESTIMATED USE OF PROCEEDS | | 36 |
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS | | 39 |
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS | | 64 |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT | | 66 |
UNITS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS | | 67 |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION | | 68 |
INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES | | 69 |
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS | | 70 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | | 72 |
DESCRIPTION OF MEMBERSHIP UNITS | | 78 |
SUMMARY OF OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT | | 82 |
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR UNITS | | 86 |
LEGAL MATTERS | | 96 |
EXPERTS | | 97 |
TRANSFER AGENT | | 97 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | | 97 |
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | | F-1 |
EXHIBITS:
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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary only highlights selected information from this prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should carefully read the entire prospectus and the financial statements, and attached exhibits before you decide whether to invest.
The Company
We were formed on January 4, 2005 and are organized as a Delaware limited liability company. Our ownership interests are represented by membership interests, which are designated as units. Our principal address and location is 137 N. 8th Street, Geneva, Nebraska 68361. Our telephone number is (877) 651-1166 or (402) 759-3773.
We are a development-stage company with no prior operating history. We do not expect to generate any revenue until we begin operating the plant. The purpose of this offering is to raise equity to help fund the construction and start-up costs of a 100 million gallons per year dry mill corn-processing ethanol plant to be located near Fairmont, Nebraska.
The Offering
We are offering a minimum of 3,366,250 units and a maximum of 6,732,500 units at a purchase price of $10 per unit. You must purchase a minimum of 2,500 units to participate in the offering. You may purchase additional units in increments of 100 units. Our minimum aggregate offering amount is $33,662,500 and our maximum aggregate offering amount is $67,325,000. The offering will close upon the earliest occurrence of (1) our acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the maximum amount of $67,325,000; (2) November 10, 2006; or (3) our termination or abandonment of the offering. We may close the offering any time after the acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the minimum amount of $33,662,500 prior to November 10, 2006. After the offering, there will be 3,991,250 units issued and outstanding if we sell the minimum number of units offered in this offering and 7,357,500 units issued and outstanding if we sell the maximum number of units offered in this offering. This includes 625,000 units issued in our previous private placement, of which 450,000 units were issued to our seed capital unit holders, 50,000 units were issued to our development consultant (including 42,500 restricted units) and 125,000 restricted units were issued to two of our directors as a development fee.
We plan to register the offering in the following states: Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. We may also offer or sell our units in other states in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the laws of other states. However, we may not generally solicit investors in any jurisdictions other than Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. This limitation may result in the offering being unsuccessful. Our directors listed on page 7 of this prospectus will sell the units directly to investors without the use of an underwriter. We are exempt from broker-dealer registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. We will register as an issuer-dealer in Florida and Nebraska and have registered issuer-dealer agents selling the offering in these states and in Kansas. We will not pay commissions to our directors for these sales.
The Project
If we are able to fully capitalize the project as described in our financing plan below, we will use the offering proceeds to build and operate a 100 million gallons per year dry mill corn-processing ethanol plant near Fairmont, Nebraska. We expect the ethanol plant will annually process approximately 36 million bushels of corn into 100 million gallons of ethanol, 321,429 tons of distillers grains for animal feed and 296,000 tons of carbon dioxide. Distillers grains and carbon dioxide are the principal by-products of the ethanol manufacturing process.
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We have entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Fagen, Inc. of Granite Falls, Minnesota, for the design and construction of our proposed ethanol plant for a price of $98,000,000, exclusive of any change orders we may approve. We have also entered into a Phase I and Phase II Engineering Services Agreement with Fagen Engineering, LLC for the performance of certain engineering and design services. Fagen Engineering, LLC was formed in 1996 to assist Fagen, Inc. with the construction process and is a design engineering firm. Fagen Engineering, LLC and Fagen, Inc. are each owned by Ron Fagen. We expect Fagen, Inc. to build our plant using the technology of ICM, Inc. of Colwich, Kansas. Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. have developed, designed and built numerous ethanol plants throughout the country. We expect to execute a definitive design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc. which will set forth in detail the design and construction services provided by Fagen, Inc. in exchange for a lump sum price equal to the $98,000,000 set forth in our letter of intent. Construction of the project is expected to take 15 months from the date our offering closes. We anticipate completion of plant construction during summer of 2007.
Once the plant is operational, we intend to sell all of the ethanol and distillers grains produced at the facility. There are no current plans to capture and market the carbon dioxide, however, at some point in the future we may decide it is feasible to do so. We are currently in the process of identifying a nationally recognized ethanol marketer to market and sell our plant's entire ethanol output and are seeking referrals from ethanol industry sources, conducting interviews and accepting proposals. We expect to review the proposals received and approve an agreement with an experienced ethanol marketer. We anticipate that the ethanol marketing agreement will provide for compensation to the marketer in the amount of $.01 per gallon, and that all transportation of ethanol will be coordinated by the ethanol marketer. We also expect that the agreement will be for a term of one to three years. However, the agreement has not yet been executed and the terms of the definitive agreement may differ significantly from what we expect. We may try to market our distillers grains to the local livestock markets surrounding the plant; however, if the local markets are unable to support purchases of our distillers grains at the prices we desire, we will market the distillers grains through an experienced distillers grains marketer.
In the future, we may explore the possibility of developing and building one or more additional ethanol plants in the United States. It is possible that we will take advantage of an opportunity which could result in our issuing additional equity and incurring additional significant debt obligations. If we decide to build one or more additional plants, we may not be successful. Even if we are successful in building additional plants, the profitability of the operations of those additional plants will affect the value of your investment in this offering. We are in the preliminary stages of considering and identifying these opportunities.
Our Financing Plan
We estimate the total project will cost approximately $132,500,000. Our letter of intent with Fagen, Inc. provides that the proposed plant will cost $98,000,000, excluding any change orders we may approve. We expect that costs and expenses incidental to construction will cost approximately an additional $19,500,000 plus an additional $15,000,000 for start-up inventories and working capital.
We raised $1,500,000 of seed capital in a private placement for the purpose of funding our development, organizational and offering expenses. We intend to raise a minimum of $33,662,500 and a maximum of $67,325,000 in this offering. Depending on the level of equity raised in this offering and the amount of any grants we may be awarded, we will need to obtain debt financing, grants and incentives ranging from approximately $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 in order to fully capitalize the project. (See "Estimated Sources of Funds") We have no contracts or commitments with any bank, lender or financial institution for this debt financing. We anticipate receiving a $350,000 Community Development Block Grant, however there are no assurances that we will be able to obtain the necessary debt financing, other financing or grants sufficient to capitalize the project. The level of debt we require may be reduced by any grants or tax increment financing awarded to us. Depending on the
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number of units sold, we may also seek third party credit providers to provide subordinate debt for the construction and initial operating expenses of the project.
Financial Information
We are a development-stage company with no operating history and no revenues. Please see "SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA" for a summary of our finances and the index to our financial statements for our detailed financial information.
Membership in Advanced BioEnergy and Our Amended and Restated Operating Agreement
If you purchase 2,500 or more of our units, you will become a member in Advanced BioEnergy upon approval by our board of directors and your written agreement to be bound by our amended and restated operating agreement. Our amended and restated operating agreement governs Advanced BioEnergy, our board of directors and our members. Each member will have one vote per unit owned. Members may vote on a limited number of issues, such as dissolving the company, amending the amended and restated operating agreement, and electing future directors.
As a unit holder, you will have a capital account to which your contributions will be credited. We will increase unit holders' accounts by the holders' allocated shares of our profits and other applicable items of income or gain. We will decrease capital accounts by the share of our losses and other applicable items of expenses or losses and any distributions that are made. Generally, we will allocate our profits and losses based upon the ratio each unit holder's units bear to total units outstanding.
In the opinion of our counsel, we will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As such, we will not pay any federal income taxes at the company level and will instead allocate net income to unit holders. Our unit holders must then include that income in his or her taxable income. This means that each unit holder must pay taxes upon the allocated shares of our income regardless of whether we make a distribution in that year. Our unit holder may be able to deduct his or her allocated share of any loss. However, this is subject to a number of rules which may restrict an investor's ability to deduct the loss including rules related to at-risk and passive losses and basis.
The transfer of units is restricted by our amended and restated operating agreement. Generally, unless a transfer is permitted under our amended and restated operating agreement or by operation of law, such as upon death, units cannot be transferred without the prior written approval of a majority of directors. Except in limited circumstances, directors may not approve transfers until the plant is substantially operational. Based upon our estimated completion time of summer 2007, we expect units will not be eligible for transfer for at least 15 months from the date of this prospectus, and possibly longer. We will not be generating revenue during that time. Your investment in Advanced BioEnergy may never be liquid.
Management of Advanced BioEnergy
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that Advanced BioEnergy is exclusively managed by our board of directors. Our initial board of directors consists of nine individuals. Directors are elected by the members. Our amended and restated operating agreement requires the initial board to consist of a minimum of three to a maximum of 13 directors. At the first annual or special meeting of the members following the date on which substantial operations of the ethanol plant commences, the number of directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine. Directors are elected by plurality vote of the members which means that the nominees receiving the greatest number of votes relative to all other nominees are elected as directors.
Nominations for directors may be made by the nominating committee of the board of directors or by the board of directors as a whole. Members may also nominate candidates for our board by giving advance written notice to Advanced BioEnergy with information about the nominee and the
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nominating member. Any board nomination made by a member must be accompanied by a nominating petition signed by unit holders representing at least 5% of our outstanding units and must be delivered to the secretary of the company not less than 60 nor more than 90 days prior to our annual meeting.
At the first members' meeting following commencement of substantial operations at the plant, the number of directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine. If this reduction in the number of directors requires the removal of any director, John T. Porter, Robert W. Holmes and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall not be included in the directors removed at that time. After the expiration of the initial terms of the directors, at each annual meeting of the members, directors shall be elected by the members for staggered terms of three years and until a successor is elected and qualified. Prior to that meeting, our initial board will separately identify the director positions to be elected and will classify each position as Group I, Group II or Group III. Group I directors will serve an initial term of one year with successor directors elected to three year terms. Group II directors will serve an initial term of two years with successor directors elected to three year terms. Group III directors will serve an initial term of three years with successor directors elected to three year terms. Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that John T. Porter shall be classified in Group I, Robert W. Holmes shall be classified in Group II and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall be classified in Group III.
Distributions to Unit Holders
Following completion of the seed capital private placement on April 14, 2005, the initial board of directors authorized a unit distribution to all of our unit holders equal to two units for every one unit issued and outstanding in order to compensate those initial unit holders for the risk associated with each of their seed capital investments in Advanced BioEnergy. In addition, we have transferred both unrestricted and restricted units to our project development consultant and restricted units to two of our directors in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop our project. You should not rely on our past unit distributions for an indication of our future distributions. We have not made any cash distributions since our inception and we do not intend to declare any additional unit distributions or any cash distributions until after we begin generating revenue and satisfy any loan covenants required by our lenders. We will not begin generating any revenue until we begin operation of the ethanol plant. Subject to loan covenants and restrictions, we intend to distribute our "net cash flow" to holders of our units in proportion to their units held after we begin operation of the ethanol plant. By net cash flow, we mean our gross cash proceeds received, less any portion that our board of directors, in its sole discretion, shall determine should be used to pay or establish reserves for our expenses, debt obligations, capital improvements, replacements and contingencies.
Suitability of Investors
Investing in the units involves a high degree of risk. Accordingly, the purchase of units is suitable only for persons of substantial financial means that have no need for liquidity in their investments and can bear the economic risk of loss of any investment in the units. Units will be sold only to persons that meet these and other requirements. You cannot invest in this offering unless you meet one of the following suitability tests: (1) You have annual income from whatever source of at least $45,000 and a net worth of at least $45,000 exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles; or (2) You have a net worth of at least $100,000 exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles. Even if you represent that you meet the suitability standards set forth above, the board of directors reserves the right to reject any subscription for any reason, including if the board determines that the units are not a suitable investment for you.
Subscription Period
The offering will close upon the earliest of (1) our acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the maximum amount of $67,325,000; (2) November 10, 2006; or (3) our termination or abandonment of the offering. We may, in our discretion, close the offering at any time after we have sold units for
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the aggregate minimum offering amount of $33,662,500 and prior to November 10, 2006. We may admit members to Advanced BioEnergy and continue to offer any remaining units to reach the maximum number to be sold until the offering closes. We reserve the right to cancel or modify the offering, to reject subscriptions for units in whole or in part, and to waive conditions to the purchase of units. Additionally, in our sole discretion, we may also determine that it is not necessary to sell all available units.
Subscription Procedures
Before purchasing any units, investors must:
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- read and complete the subscription agreement included as exhibit C to this prospectus;
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- draft a check payable to "Geneva State Bank", Escrow Agent for Advanced BioEnergy, LLC" in the amount of not less than 10% of the amount due for the units for which subscription is sought, which amount will be deposited in the escrow account;
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- sign a full recourse promissory note and security agreement under which you will be liable for the remaining balance of the purchase price and if you do not timely repay the indebtedness upon the terms agreed, we will seek to recover the indebtedness plus interest plus any amounts we spend to collect the balance including attorney fees; and
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- deliver to us these items and an executed copy of the signature page to our amended and restated operating agreement.
Once we sell the minimum aggregate offering amount of $33,662,500, we will give you written demand for payment and you will have 20 days to pay the balance of the purchase price. If we acquire sufficient equity proceeds to release funds from escrow prior to your initial investment, but the offering has not yet been terminated, then you must pay the full purchase price at the time of subscription for the total number of units you wish to purchase.
In the subscription application, an investor must make representations to us concerning, among other things, that he or she has received our prospectus, exhibits and any supplements, agrees to be bound by the amended and restated operating agreement, and understands that the units are subject to significant transfer restrictions. The subscription application also requires information about the nature of your desired ownership, your state of residence, and your taxpayer identification or Social Security Number. We encourage you to read the subscription agreement carefully and in its entirety.
Escrow Procedures
Proceeds from subscriptions for the units will be deposited in an interest-bearing escrow account that we have established with Geneva State Bank, as escrow agent, under a written escrow agreement.Geneva State Bank is acting only as an escrow agent in connection with the offering described herein and has not endorsed, recommended or guaranteed the purchase, value or repayment of the securities being offered. We will not release funds from the escrow account until specific conditions are satisfied. Those conditions are (1) the subscription proceeds in the escrow account equals or exceeds the minimum offering amount of $33,662,500, exclusive of interest; (2) we obtain a written debt financing commitment for debt financing ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 depending on the level of equity raised and the amount of subordinated debt; (3) we elect, in writing, to terminate the escrow agreement; and 4) an affidavit prepared by our escrow agent has been sent to the states in which we have registered units stating that the conditions set out in (1) and (2) have been met and we have received approval to break escrow from those states requiring consent.
You should be aware that a commitment for debt financing is not a binding loan agreement and the lender may not be required to provide us the debt financing as set forth in the commitment. A commitment is an agreement to lend, subject to certain terms and conditions and subject to the
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negotiation, execution and delivery of loan and loan-related documentation satisfactory to the lender. The agreement is conditional and a lender could later decline the loan if the terms and conditions set forth in the debt financing commitment letter are not satisfied.
In the event that we are unable to meet the requirements for releasing funds from escrow prior to November 10, 2006, or we elect to terminate or abandon the offering prior to closing of the offering for any other reason, your investment will be promptly returned to you plus nominal interest, less a deduction of $75.00 per investor for escrow agent fees and your proportionate share of a monthly maintenance escrow agent fee payable in the amount of 1/4800 times the average monthly balance of the escrow account. If we are able to sell units equal to or exceeding the minimum aggregate offering amount of $33,662,500 prior to November 10, 2006, we may demand and collect the subscription proceeds payable to us after November 10, 2006. Even if we are successful in releasing funds from escrow, we may allow the offering to continue until November 10, 2006 or the sale of the maximum number of units.
Important Notices to Investors
This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to purchase any securities in any jurisdiction in which, or to any person to whom, it would be unlawful to do so.
Investing in our units involves significant risk. Please see "RISK FACTORS" beginning on page 8 to read about important risks you should consider before purchasing units in Advanced BioEnergy. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:
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- we are a development-stage company and have not yet generated any revenue and do not expect to generate revenue until plant operations begin;
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- cash distributions depend upon our future financial and operational performance and will be affected by debt covenants, reserves, and operating expenditures;
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- our project and future plant operations are subject to construction risks, fluctuations in the prices of grain, utilities and ethanol, which are affected by various factors including weather, production levels, supply, demand, changes in technology, and government support and regulations;
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- we are very dependent on Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. for the construction, design and technology for our plant and any loss of our relationships with Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc., may cause us to delay or abandon the project;
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- conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us, our members, our directors and the companies upon which we will depend;
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- the units are subject to a number of transfer restrictions, and no public market exists for our units and none is expected to develop;
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- member's voting rights are limited and we are managed by a board of directors and officers; and
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- we may elect to terminate or abandon the offering prior to November 10, 2006 if we have not sold the minimum offering amount of $33,662,500 or we have not received a written debt financing commitment ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500, which will be necessary to fully capitalize the project.
No representations or warranties of any kind are intended or should be inferred with respect to economic returns or tax benefits of any kind that may accrue to the investors of the securities.
These securities have not been registered under the securities laws of any state other than the states of Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin and may be offered
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and sold in other states in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the laws of those other states.
In making an investment decision, investors must rely upon their own examination of the entity creating the securities and the terms of the offering, including the merits and risks involved. Investors should not invest any funds in this offering unless they can afford to lose their entire investment. There is no public market for the resale of the units in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, there are substantial restrictions on the transferability of the units within state securities laws and the amended and restated operating agreement to which the units are subject. Investors should be aware that they will be required to bear the financial risks of this investment for an indefinite period of time.
During the course of the offering of the units and prior to the sale of the units, each prospective purchaser and his or her representatives, if any, are invited to ask questions of our representatives concerning the terms and conditions of this offering, us, our business, and other relevant matters. We will provide the requested information to the extent that we possess such information or can acquire it without unreasonable effort or expense. Prospective purchasers or representatives having questions or desiring additional information should contact us at (877) 651-1166 or(402) 759-3773 or at our current business address: Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, 137 N. 8th Street, Geneva, Nebraska 68361. Also, unless you are a resident of Florida or Kansas, you may contact any of the following board members involved in the sale of our units directly at the phone numbers listed below:
NAME
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Troy Otte | | Director | | (402) 362-3885 |
John E. Lovegrove | | Director | | (402) 366-4484 |
Robert E. Bettger | | Director | | (402) 268-3101 |
Larry L. Cerny | | Secretary and Director | | (402) 759-1165 |
Richard W. Hughes | | Director | | (402) 759-4615 |
Keith E. Spohn | | Director | | (402) 947-8061 |
If you are a resident of, or an entity with its principal place of business in, the state of Florida, please contact only Robert E. Bettger or Troy Otte at their telephone numbers listed above for more information as those directors have been designated as our registered issuer-dealer agents in your state.
If you are a resident of, or an entity with its principal place of business in, the state of Kansas, please contact only Robert E. Bettger or Larry L. Cerny at their telephone numbers listed above for more information as those directors have been designated as our registered issuer-dealer agents in your state.
In Nebraska, we have registered the directors listed above as issuer-dealer agents selling the offering.
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RISK FACTORS
The purchase of units involves substantial risks and the investment is suitable only for persons with the financial capability to make and hold long-term investments not readily converted into cash. Investors must, therefore, have adequate means of providing for their current and future needs and personal contingencies. Prospective purchasers of the units should carefully consider the Risk Factors set forth below, as well as the other information appearing in this prospectus, before making any investment in the units. Investors should understand that there is a possibility that they could lose their entire investment in us.
Risks Related to the Offering
Failure to sell the minimum number of units will result in the failure of this offering, which means your investment may be returned to you with nominal interest.
We are attempting to raise funds to construct a 100 million gallons per year dry mill corn-processing ethanol plant. We must sell 3,366,250 units in order to reach our minimum offering amount. There is a substantial risk that we may not be able to sell this minimum amount of units necessary to close this offering. If we do not sell units with a purchase price of at least $33,662,500 by November 10, 2006, we cannot close the offering and must return investors' money with nominal interest, less expenses for escrow agency fees. This means that from the date of an investor's investment, the investor would earn a nominal rate of return on the money he, she, or it deposits with us in escrow. We do not expect the termination date to be later than November 10, 2006.
We are not experienced in selling securities and no one has agreed to assist us or purchase any units that we cannot sell ourselves, which may result in the failure of this offering.
We are making this offering on a "best efforts" basis, which means that we will not use an underwriter or placement agent. We have no firm commitment from any prospective buyer to purchase our units and there can be no assurance that the offering will be successful. We plan to offer the units directly to investors in the states of Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. We plan to advertise in local media and by mailing information to area residents. We may also hold informational meetings throughout Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. Our directors have significant responsibilities in their primary occupations in addition to trying to raise capital. Most of our directors have no broker-dealer experience and most have limited or no experience with public offerings of securities. There can be no assurance that our directors will be successful in securing investors for the offering.
Proceeds of this offering are subject to promissory notes due after the offering is closed.
As much as 90% of the total offering proceeds of this offering could be subject to promissory notes that may not be due until after the offering is closed. The success of our offering will depend on the investors' ability to pay the outstanding balances on these promissory notes. In order to become a member in Advanced BioEnergy, each investor must, among other requirements, submit a check in the amount of 10% of the total amount due for the number of units for which subscription is sought, and a promissory note for the remaining 90% of the total amount due for the units. That balance will become due within 20 days of the date of our notice that our sales of units, including the amounts owed under the promissory notes, have exceeded the minimum escrow deposit of $33,662,500. We will take a security interest in the units. We intend to retain the initial 10% down payment and to seek damages from any investor who defaults on the promissory note obligation. Nonetheless, the success of the offering depends on the payment of these amounts by the obligors.
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Investors will not be allowed to withdraw their investments, which means that you should invest only if you are willing to have your investment unavailable to you for an indefinite period of time.
Investors will not be allowed to withdraw their investments for any reason, absent a rescission offer tendered by us. We do not anticipate making a rescission offer. This means that from the date of your investment through November 10, 2006, your investment will be unavailable to you. You should only invest in us if you are willing to have your investment be unavailable for this period of time, which could be up to one year. If our offering succeeds, and we convert your cash investment into units, your investment will be denominated in our units until you transfer those units. There are significant transfer restrictions on our units. You will not have a right to withdraw from Advanced BioEnergy and demand a cash payment from us.
Risks Related to Our Financing Plan
Even if we raise the minimum amount of equity in this offering, we may not obtain the debt financing necessary to construct and operate our ethanol plant, which would result in the failure of the project and Advanced BioEnergy.
We do not have contracts or commitments with any bank, lender or financial institution for debt financing, and we will not release funds from escrow until we secure a written debt financing commitment sufficient to construct and operate the ethanol plant. If debt financing on acceptable terms is not available for any reason, we will be forced to abandon our business plan and return your investment from escrow plus nominal interest less deduction for escrow agency fees. Depending on the level of equity raised in this offering, we expect to require approximately $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 in grants, incentives, and senior or subordinated long term debt from one or more commercial banks or other lenders (see "Estimated Sources of Funds"). We expect to receive a $350,000 Community Development Block Grant, however because the amounts of equity and grant funding are not yet known, the exact amount and nature of total debt is also unknown.
If we do not sell the minimum amount of units, the offering will not close. Even though we must receive a debt financing commitment as a condition of closing escrow, the agreements to obtain debt financing may not be fully negotiated when we close on escrow. A commitment for debt financing is not a binding loan agreement and the lender may not be required to provide us the debt financing as set forth in the commitment. A commitment is an agreement to lend, subject to certain terms and conditions and subject to the negotiation, execution and delivery of loan and loan-related documentation satisfactory to the lender. The agreement is conditional and a lender could later decline the loan if the terms and conditions set forth in the debt financing commitment letter are not satisfied. We expect that we will be required to use the funds raised from this offering prior to receiving the debt financing funds putting your investment at risk.
Any agreements with lenders may require us to abide by restrictive loan covenants that may hinder our ability to operate.
Our debt load and service requirements necessary to implement our business plan will result in substantial debt service requirements. Our debt load and service requirements could have important consequences which could hinder our ability to operate, including our ability to:
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- incur additional indebtedness;
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- make capital expenditures or enter into lease arrangements in excess of prescribed thresholds;
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- make distributions to unit holders, or redeem or repurchase units;
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- make certain types of investments;
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- create liens on our assets;
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- utilize the proceeds of asset sales; and
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- merge or consolidate or dispose of all, or substantially all, of our assets.
In the event that we are unable to pay our debt service obligations, our creditors could force us to (1) reduce or eliminate distributions to unit holders (even for tax purposes) or (2) reduce or eliminate needed capital expenditures. It is possible that we could be forced to sell assets, seek to obtain additional equity capital or refinance or restructure all or a portion of our debt. In the event that we would be unable to refinance our indebtedness or raise funds through asset sales, sales of equity or otherwise, our ability to operate our plant would be greatly affected and we may be forced to liquidate.
Risks Related to Advanced BioEnergy as a Development-Stage Company
We have no operating history, which could result in errors in management and operations causing a reduction in the value of your investment.
We were recently formed and have no history of operations. We cannot provide assurance that we can manage start-up effectively and properly staff operations, and any failure to manage our start-up effectively could delay the commencement of plant operations. A delay in start-up operations is likely to further delay our ability to generate revenue and satisfy our debt obligations. Our proposed operations are subject to all the risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise. We anticipate a period of significant growth, involving the construction and start-up of operations of the plant. This period of growth and the start-up of the plant are likely to be a substantial challenge to us. If we fail to manage start-up effectively, you could lose all or a substantial part of your investment.
We have little to no experience in the ethanol industry, which increases the risk of our inability to build and operate the ethanol plant.
We are presently, and for some time, are likely to continue to be, dependent upon our founding members, some of whom will serve as our initial directors. Most of these individuals are experienced in business generally but many of our founding members have very little or no experience in raising capital from the public, organizing and building an ethanol plant, and governing and operating a public company. With the exception of John T. Porter, most of the directors have no expertise in the ethanol industry. In addition, certain directors on our board are presently engaged in business and other activities which impose substantial demand on the time and attention of such directors. You should not purchase units unless you are willing to entrust all aspects of our management to our board of directors.
We will depend on Fagen, Inc. for expertise in beginning operations in the ethanol industry and any loss of this relationship could cause us delay and added expense, placing us at a competitive disadvantage.
We will be dependent on our relationship with Fagen, Inc. and its employees. Any loss of this relationship with Fagen, Inc., particularly during the construction and start-up period for the plant, may prevent us from commencing operations and result in the failure of our business. The time and expense of locating new consultants and contractors would result in unforeseen expenses and delays. Unforeseen expenses and delays may reduce our ability to generate revenue and profitability and significantly damage our competitive position in the ethanol industry such that you could lose some or all of your investment.
If we fail to finalize critical agreements, such as the design-build agreement, ethanol and distiller's grains marketing agreements and utility supply agreements, or if the final agreements are unfavorable when compared to what we currently anticipate, our project may fail or be harmed in ways that reduce the value of your investment.
You should be aware that this prospectus makes reference to documents or agreements that are not yet final or executed, and plans that have not been implemented. In some instances such documents or agreements are not even in draft form. The definitive versions of those agreements, documents, plans or proposals may contain terms or conditions that vary significantly from the terms and conditions described. These tentative agreements, documents, plans or proposals may not materialize or, if they do materialize, may not prove to be profitable.
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Our lack of business diversification could result in the devaluation of our units if our revenues from our primary products decrease.
We expect our business to solely consist of ethanol and distillers grains production and sales. We do not have any other lines of business or other sources of revenue if we are unable to complete the construction and operation of the plant. Our lack of business diversification could cause you to lose all or some of your investment if we are unable to generate revenues by the production and sales of ethanol and distillers grains since we do not expect to have any other lines of business or alternative revenue sources.
We have a history of losses and may not ever operate profitably.
For the period of January 4, 2005 through June 30, 2005, we incurred an accumulated net loss of $615,445. We will continue to incur significant losses until we successfully complete construction and commence operations of the plant. There is no assurance that we will be successful in completing this offering or in our efforts to build and operate an ethanol plant. Even if we successfully meet all of these objectives and begin operations at the ethanol plant, there is no assurance that we will be able to operate profitably.
Risks Related to Construction of the Ethanol Plant
We will depend on Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. to design and build our ethanol plant, however, we currently have no binding design build agreement with them and their failure to perform could force us to abandon business, hinder our ability to operate profitably or decrease the value of your investment.
We will be highly dependent upon Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. to design and build the plant, but we have no definitive binding design build agreement with either company. We have entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Fagen, Inc. for various design and construction services. We have also entered into a phase I and phase II engineering services agreement with Fagen Engineering, LLC for certain engineering and design work to allow us to obtain these services prior to the execution of the design-built agreement. Fagen Engineering, LLC and Fagen, Inc. are both owned by Ron Fagen. Fagen Engineering, LLC provides engineering services for projects constructed by Fagen, Inc. Fagen, Inc. has indicated its intention to deliver to us a proposed design-build contract, in which it will serve as our general contractor and will engage ICM, Inc. to provide technology and other services. We anticipate that we will execute a definitive binding design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc. to construct the plant. However, there is no assurance that such an agreement will be executed.
If we do not execute a definitive, binding design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc., or if Fagen, Inc. terminates its relationship with us after initiating construction, there is no assurance that we would be able to obtain a replacement general contractor. Any such event may force us to abandon our business.
We expect to be highly dependent upon Fagen, Inc.'s and ICM, Inc.'s experience and ability to train personnel in operating the plant. If the plant is built and does not operate to the level anticipated by us in our business plan, we will rely on Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. to adequately address such deficiency. There is no assurance that Fagen, Inc. and/or ICM, Inc. will be able to address such deficiency in an acceptable manner. Their failure to address deficiencies could cause us to halt or discontinue production of ethanol, which could damage ability to generate revenues and reduce the value of your units.
We may need to increase cost estimates for construction of the ethanol plant, and such increase could result in devaluation of our units if ethanol plant construction requires additional capital.
We anticipate that Fagen, Inc. will construct the plant for a fixed contract price, based on the plans and specifications in the anticipated design-build agreement. We have based our capital needs on a design for the plant that will cost approximately $98,000,000 with additional start-up and development
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costs of approximately $34,500,000 for a total project completion cost of approximately $132,500,000. This price includes construction period interest. The estimated cost of the plant is based on preliminary discussions, and there is no assurance that the final cost of the plant will not be higher. There is no assurance that there will not be design changes or cost overruns associated with the construction of the plant. The rising price of steel could affect the final cost of construction of the ethanol plant. In addition, shortages of steel could affect the final completion date of the project. Advances and changes in technology may require changes to our current plans in order to remain competitive. We may determine that it is necessary to change the design of the plant in order to implement new technology. Any significant increase in the estimated construction cost of the plant could delay our ability to generate revenues and reduce the value of your units because our revenue stream may not be able to adequately support the increased cost and expense attributable to increased construction costs.
Construction delays could result in devaluation of our units if our production and sale of ethanol and its by-products are similarly delayed.
We currently expect our plant to be operating in summer 2007; however, construction projects often involve delays in obtaining permits, construction delays due to weather conditions, or other events that delay the construction schedule. In addition, changes in interest rates or the credit environment or changes in political administrations at the federal, state or local level that result in policy change towards ethanol or this project, could cause construction and operation delays. If it takes longer to construct the plant than we anticipate, it would delay our ability to generate revenue and make it difficult for us to meet our debt service obligations. This could reduce the value of the units.
Defects in plant construction could result in devaluation of our units if our plant does not produce ethanol and its by-products as anticipated.
There is no assurance that defects in materials and/or workmanship in the plant will not occur. Under the terms of the anticipated design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc., we expect Fagen, Inc. to warrant that the material and equipment furnished to build the plant will be new, of good quality and free from material defects in material or workmanship at the time of delivery. Though we expect the design-build agreement to require Fagen, Inc. to correct all defects in material or workmanship for a period of one year after substantial completion of the plant, material defects in material or workmanship may still occur. Such defects could delay the commencement of operations of the plant, or, if such defects are discovered after operations have commenced, could cause us to halt or discontinue the plant's operation. Halting or discontinuing plant operations could delay our ability to generate revenues and reduce the value or your units.
The plant site may have unknown environmental problems that could be expensive and time consuming to correct, which may delay or halt plant construction and delay our ability to generate revenue.
We have secured four options to purchase real estate located near Fairmont, Nebraska, two of which constitute our primary site and two of which we acquired as a potential alternative site.Our board of directors reserves the right to change the location of the plant site, in their sole discretion, for any reason. The historical use of the two sites has been the planting of row crops. We have ordered a phase 1 environmental study which has not yet been completed. However, given the historical agricultural use of the property we have no reason to believe that there is a material risk of environmental problems. Soil studies have also been completed and the results were satisfactory. However, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter hazardous conditions at the Fairmont site or any alternative site that may delay the construction of the plant. We do not anticipate Fagen, Inc. will be responsible for any hazardous conditions encountered at the plant site. Upon encountering a hazardous condition, Fagen, Inc. may suspend work in the affected area. If we receive notice of a hazardous condition, we may be required to correct the condition prior to continuing construction. The presence of a hazardous condition will likely delay construction of the plant and may require significant expenditure of our resources to correct the condition. In addition, Fagen, Inc. will be entitled to an adjustment in price
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and time of performance if it has been adversely affected by the hazardous condition. If we encounter any hazardous conditions during construction that require time or money to correct, such event could delay our ability to generate revenues and reduce the value or your units.
Any delay or unanticipated cost in providing rail infrastructure to the plant could significantly impact our ability to operate the plant and reduce the value of your investment.
Rail service is available in Fairmont, Nebraska from the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad (BNSF). However, we have not negotiated the purchase of a rail spur and right-of-way owned by Fillmore Western, which is located near our primary proposed plant site. If we are unable to secure an option to purchase this spur and right-of-way, we may have to move our site to an alternate location currently being considered by our board of directors or some other yet to be determined location. Our budget currently includes $3,110,000 in rail infrastructure costs. Increased costs for rail access or a delay in obtaining rail access could significantly impact our ability to operate the plant since we expect to ship most or all of our ethanol and distillers grains by rail. As a result, the value of your investment could decline.
Risks Related to Ethanol Production
Our financial performance will be dependent on corn prices and market prices for ethanol and distillers dried grains, and the value of your investment in us may be directly affected by changes in these market prices.
Our results of operations and financial condition will be significantly affected by the cost and supply of corn and by the selling price for ethanol and distillers grains. Changes in the price and supply of these commodities are subject to and determined by market forces over which we have no control. The availability and price of corn will significantly influence our financial performance. We will purchase our corn in the cash market and hedge corn price risk through futures contracts and options to reduce short-term exposure to price fluctuations.See "DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS—Corn Feedstock Supply." There is no assurance that our hedging activities will successfully reduce the risk caused by price fluctuation which may leave us vulnerable to high corn prices. Hedging activities themselves can result in costs because price movements in corn contracts are highly volatile and are influenced by many factors that are beyond our control. We may incur such costs and they may be significant.
Generally, higher corn prices will produce lower profit margins. This is especially true if market conditions do not allow us to pass through increased corn costs to our customers. There is no assurance that we will be able to pass through higher corn prices. If a period of high corn prices were to be sustained for some time, such pricing may reduce our ability to generate revenues because of the higher cost of operating and could potentially lead to the loss of some or all of your investment.
Our revenues will be exclusively dependent on the market prices for ethanol and distillers grains. These prices can be volatile as a result of a number of factors. These factors include the overall supply and demand, the price of gasoline, level of government support, and the availability and price of competing products. For instance, the price of ethanol tends to increase as the price of gasoline increases, and the price of ethanol tends to decrease as the price of gasoline decreases. Any lowering of gasoline prices will likely also lead to lower prices for ethanol, which may decrease our ethanol sales and reduce revenues, causing a reduction in the value of your investment.
We believe that ethanol production is expanding rapidly at this time. Increased production of ethanol may lead to lower prices. The increased production of ethanol could have other adverse effects. For example, the increased production could lead to increased supplies of by-products from the production of ethanol, such as distillers grains. Those increased supplies could outpace demand, which would lead to lower prices for those by-products. Also, the increased production of ethanol could result
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in increased demand for corn. This could result in higher prices for corn and corn production creating lower profits. There can be no assurance as to the price of ethanol or distillers grains in the future. Any downward changes in the price of ethanol and/or distillers grains may result in less income which would decrease our revenues and you could lose some or all of your investment as a result.
Our ability to successfully operate is dependent on the availability of energy and water at anticipated prices.
Adequate energy and water is critical to plant operations. We have not yet entered into any definitive agreements to obtain energy and water resources and we may have to pay more than we expect to access efficient energy and water resources. As a result, our ability to make a profit may decline.
We will depend on others for sales of our products, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage and reduce profitability.
We expect to hire a third-party marketing firm to market all of the ethanol we plan to produce. We currently expect to market our own distillers grains by selling to local livestock, poultry and swine markets. However, if the local markets do not provide an adequate outlet for our distillers grains at the prices we desire, we expect to contract with a broker to market and sell a portion or all of our distillers grains. As a result, we expect to be dependent on the ethanol broker and any distillers grains broker we engage. There is no assurance that we will be able to enter into contracts with any ethanol broker or distillers grains broker on terms that are favorable to us. If the ethanol or distillers grains broker breaches the contract or does not have the ability, for financial or other reasons to market all of the ethanol or distillers grains we produce, we will not have any readily available means to sell our products. Our lack of a sales force and reliance on third parties to sell and market our products may place us at a competitive disadvantage. Our failure to sell all of our ethanol and distillers dried grains feed products may result in less income from sales, reducing our revenue stream, which could reduce the value of your investment.
We have no current plan to sell the raw carbon dioxide we produce to a third party processor resulting in the loss of a potential source of revenue.
At this time, we have no agreement to sell the raw carbon dioxide we produce. We cannot provide any assurances that we will sell our raw carbon dioxide at any time in the future. If we do not enter into an agreement to sell our raw carbon dioxide, we will have to emit it into the air. Although emission of carbon dioxide does not violate current laws, this will result in the loss of a potential source of revenue.
Changes and advances in ethanol production technology could require us to incur costs to update our ethanol plant or could otherwise hinder our ability to compete in the ethanol industry or operate profitably.
Advances and changes in the technology of ethanol production are expected to occur. Such advances and changes may make the ethanol production technology installed in our plant less desirable or obsolete. These advances could also allow our competitors to produce ethanol at a lower cost than us. If we are unable to adopt or incorporate technological advances, our ethanol production methods and processes could be less efficient than our competitors, which could cause our plant to become uncompetitive or completely obsolete. If our competitors develop, obtain or license technology that is superior to ours or that makes our technology obsolete, we may be required or we may determine that it is in the best interests of our company to incur significant costs to enhance or acquire new technology so that our ethanol production remains competitive. Alternatively, we may be required to seek third-party licenses, which could also result in significant expenditures. We cannot guarantee or assure you that third-party licenses will be available or, once obtained, will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. These costs could negatively impact our financial performance by increasing our operating costs and reducing our net income, all of which could reduce the value of your investment.
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Risks Related to Ethanol Industry
Competition from the advancement of technology may lessen the demand for ethanol and negatively impact our profitability, which could reduce the value of your investment.
Alternative fuels, gasoline oxygenates and ethanol production methods are continually under development. A number of automotive, industrial and power generation manufacturers are developing more efficient engines, hybrid engines and alternative clean power systems using fuel cells or clean burning gaseous fuels. Vehicle manufacturers are working to develop vehicles that are more fuel efficient and have reduced emissions using conventional gasoline. Vehicle manufacturers have developed and continue to work to improve hybrid technology, which powers vehicles by engines that utilize both electric and conventional gasoline fuel sources. In the future, the emerging fuel cell industry offers a technological option to address increasing worldwide energy costs, the long-term availability of petroleum reserves and environmental concerns. Fuel cells have emerged as a potential alternative to certain existing power sources because of their higher efficiency, reduced noise and lower emissions. Fuel cell industry participants are currently targeting the transportation, stationary power and portable power markets in order to decrease fuel costs, lessen dependence on crude oil and reduce harmful emissions. If the fuel cell and hydrogen industries continue to expand and gain broad acceptance, and hydrogen becomes readily available to consumers for motor vehicle use, we may not be able to compete effectively. This additional competition could reduce the demand for ethanol, which would negatively impact our profitability, causing a reduction in the value of your investment.
Corn-based ethanol may compete with cellulose-based ethanol in the future, which could make it more difficult for us to produce ethanol on a cost-effective basis and could reduce the value of your investment.
Most ethanol is currently produced from corn and other raw grains, such as milo or sorghum—especially in the Midwest. The current trend in ethanol production research is to develop an efficient method of producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass, such as agricultural waste, forest residue, municipal solid waste, and energy crops. This trend is driven by the fact that cellulose-based biomass is generally cheaper than corn, and producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass would create opportunities to produce ethanol in areas which are unable to grow corn. Although current technology is not sufficiently efficient to be competitive, a May 2000 report by the U.S. Department of Energy entitled "Outlook for Biomass Ethanol Production and Demand" indicates that new conversion technologies may be developed in the future. If an efficient method of producing ethanol from cellulose-based biomass is developed, we may not be able to compete effectively. We do not believe it will be cost-effective to convert the ethanol plant we are proposing into a plant which will use cellulose-based biomass to produce ethanol. If we are unable to produce ethanol as cost-effectively as cellulose-based producers, our ability to generate revenue will be negatively impacted and your investment could lose value.
As domestic ethanol production continues to grow, ethanol supply may exceed demand causing ethanol prices to decline and the value of your investment to be reduced.
The number of ethanol plants being developed and constructed in the United States continues to increase at a rapid pace. As these plants begin operations, we expect domestic ethanol production to significantly increase. If the demand for ethanol does not grow at the same pace as increases in supply, we would expect the price for ethanol to decline. Declining ethanol prices will result in lower revenues and may reduce or eliminate profits causing the value of your investment to be reduced.
Consumer resistance to the use of ethanol based on the belief that ethanol is expensive, adds to air pollution, harms engines and takes more energy to produce that it contributes may affect the demand for ethanol which could affect our ability to market our product and reduce the value of your investment.
Certain individuals believe that use of ethanol will have a negative impact on retail prices. Many also believe that ethanol adds to air pollution and harms car and truck engines. Still other consumers
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believe that the process of producing ethanol actually uses more fossil energy, such as oil and natural gas, than the amount of ethanol that is produced. These consumer beliefs could potentially be wide-spread. If consumers choose not to buy ethanol, it would affect the demand for the ethanol we produce which could lower demand for our product and negatively affect our profitability.
Competition from ethanol imported from Caribbean basin countries may be a less expensive alternative to our ethanol, which would cause us to lose market share and reduce the value of your investment.
Ethanol produced or processed in certain countries in Central America and the Caribbean region is eligible for tariff reduction or elimination upon importation to the United States under a program known as the Caribbean Basin Initiative. Large ethanol producers, such as Cargill, have expressed interest in building dehydration plants in participating Caribbean Basin countries, such as El Salvador, which would convert ethanol into fuel-grade ethanol for shipment to the United States. Ethanol imported from Caribbean Basin countries may be a less expensive alternative to domestically produced ethanol. Competition from ethanol imported from Caribbean Basin countries may affect our ability to sell our ethanol profitably, which would reduce the value of your investment.
Competition from ethanol imported from Brazil may be a less expensive alternative to our ethanol, which would cause us to lose market share and reduce the value of your investment.
Brazil is currently the world's largest producer and exporter of ethanol. In Brazil, ethanol is produced primarily from sugarcane, which is also used to produce food-grade sugar. Brazil experienced a dramatic increase in ethanol production and trade in 2004, exporting approximately 112 million gallons to the U.S. alone. Ethanol imported from Brazil may be a less expensive alternative to domestically produced ethanol, which is primarily made from corn. Tariffs presently protecting U.S. ethanol producers may be reduced or eliminated. Competition from ethanol imported from Brazil may affect our ability to sell our ethanol profitably, which would reduce the value of your investment.
Risks Related to Regulation and Governmental Action
Loss of or ineligibility for favorable tax benefits for ethanol production could hinder our ability to operate at a profit and reduce the value of your investment in us.
The ethanol industry and our business are assisted by various federal ethanol tax incentives, including those included in the Energy Policy Act of 2005. The provision of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 likely to have the greatest impact on the ethanol industry is the creation of a 7.5 billion gallon per year Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS). The RFS will begin at 4 billion gallons per year in 2006, increasing to 7.5 billion gallons per year by 2012. The RFS helps support a market for ethanol that might disappear without this incentive. The elimination or reduction of tax incentives to the ethanol industry could reduce the market for ethanol, which could reduce prices and our revenues by making it more costly or difficult for us to produce and sell ethanol. If the federal tax incentives are eliminated or sharply curtailed, we believe that a decreased demand for ethanol will result, which could result in the failure of the business and the potential loss of some or all of your investment.
Another important provision involves an expansion in the definition of who qualifies as a small ethanol producer. Historically, small ethanol producers were allowed a 10-cents-per-gallon production income tax credit on up to 15 million gallons of production annually. The size of the plant eligible for the tax credit was limited to 30 million gallons. Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 the size limitation on the production capacity for small ethanol producers increases from 30 million to 60 million gallons. Because we intend to build a plant with the capacity to annually produce 100 million gallons of ethanol, we do not expect to qualify for this tax credit which could hinder our ability to compete with other plants who will receive the tax credit.
The state of Nebraska has established a production tax credit for newly constructed facilities in production prior to June 30, 2004. As the program is currently structured, we are not eligible for these
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production tax credits since our plant did not become operational by the June 30, 2004 production deadline. The program is scheduled to expire on June 30, 2012. Our inability to qualify for this production tax credit may make it more difficult to compete with other facilities in Nebraska which are eligible to receive the tax credit. This could negatively impact our profitability, causing a reduction in the value of your investment.
A change in environmental regulations or violations thereof could result in the devaluation of our units and a reduction in the value of your investment.
We will be subject to extensive air, water and other environmental regulations and we will need to obtain a number of environmental permits to construct and operate the plant. In addition, it is likely that our senior debt financing will be contingent on our ability to obtain the various environmental permits that we will require.
We are in the process of applying for the permits necessary for construction and operation of our plant and do not anticipate a problem receiving all required environmental permits. However, if for any reason any of these permits are not granted, construction costs for the plant may increase, or the plant may not be constructed at all.
Additionally, environmental laws and regulations, both at the federal and state level, are subject to change and changes can be made retroactively. Consequently, even if we have the proper permits at the present time, we may be required to invest or spend considerable resources to comply with future environmental regulations or new or modified interpretations of those regulations, which may reduce our profitability and you may lose some or all of your investment.
Risks Related to the Units
There has been no independent valuation of the units, which means that the units may be worth less than the purchase price.
We have determined the unit purchase price without independent valuation. We established the offering prices based on our estimate of capital and expense requirements, not based on perceived market value, book value, or other established criteria. We did not obtain an independent appraisal opinion on the valuation of the units. The units may have a value significantly less than the offering prices and there is no guarantee that the units will ever obtain a value equal to or greater than the offering price.
No public trading market exists for our units and we do not anticipate the creation of such a market, which means that it will be difficult for you to liquidate your investment.
There is currently no established public trading market for our units and an active trading market will not develop despite this offering. To maintain partnership tax status, you may not trade the units on an established securities market or readily trade the units on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof). We, therefore, do not expect to apply for listing of the units on any securities exchange or on the NASDAQ Stock Market. As a result, you should not expect to readily sell your units.
We have placed significant restrictions on transferability of the units, limiting an investor's ability to withdraw from the company.
The units are subject to substantial transfer restrictions pursuant to our amended and restated operating agreement. In addition, transfers of the units may be restricted by state securities laws. As a result, investors may not be able to liquidate their investments in the units and, therefore, may be required to assume the risks of investments in us for an indefinite period of time. See "SUMMARY OF OUR OPERATING AGREEMENT."
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To help ensure that a secondary market does not develop, our amended and restated operating agreement prohibits transfers without the approval of our board of directors. The board of directors will not approve transfers unless they fall within "safe harbors" contained in the publicly-traded partnership rules under the tax code, which include, without limitation, the following:
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- transfers by gift to the member's descendants;
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- transfer upon the death of a member;
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- transfers between family members; and
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- transfers that comply with the "qualifying matching services" requirements.
There is no assurance that an investor will receive cash distributions which could result in an investor receiving little or no return on his or her investment.
Distributions are payable at the sole discretion of our board of directors, subject to the provisions of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, our amended and restated operating agreement and the requirements of our creditors. We do not know the amount of cash that we will generate, if any, once we begin operations. Cash distributions are not assured, and we may never be in a position to make distributions. See "DESCRIPTION OF MEMBERSHIP UNITS." Our board may elect to retain future profits to provide operational financing for the plant, debt retirement and possible plant expansion or the construction of additional plants. This means that you may receive little or no return on your investment and be unable to liquidate your investment due to transfer restrictions and lack of a public trading market. This could result in the loss of your entire investment.
The presence of members holding 25% or more of the outstanding units is required to take action at a meeting of our members.
In order to take action at a meeting, a quorum of members holding at least 25% of the outstanding units must be represented in person, by proxy or by mail ballot. See "SUMMARY OF OUR OPERATING AGREEMENT." Assuming a quorum is present, members take action by a vote of the majority of the units represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter. The requirement of a 25% quorum protects the company from actions being taken when less than 25% of the members have not considered the matter being voted upon. However, this also means that the unit holders of a minority of outstanding units could pass a vote and take an action which would then bind all unit holders. Conversely, the requirement of a 25% quorum also means that members will not be able to take actions which may be in the best interests of the Company if we cannot secure the presence in person, by proxy, or by mail ballot of members holding 25% or more of the outstanding units.
These units will be subordinate to company debts and other liabilities, resulting in a greater risk of loss for investors.
The units are unsecured equity interests and are subordinate in right of payment to all our current and future debt. In the event of our insolvency, liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of our affairs, all of our debts, including winding-up expenses, must be paid in full before any payment is made to the holders of the units. In the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, or reorganization, all units will be paid ratably with all our other equity holders, and there is no assurance that there would be any remaining funds after the payment of all our debts for any distribution to the holders of the units.
These units will be diluted in value and will be subject to further dilution in value.
As of June 30, 2005 (the date of our unaudited financial statements), we had issued a total of 150,000 membership units to our founders and seed capital investors for $10 per unit. We also transferred 2,500 unrestricted units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC. Following completion of
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our seed capital private placement on April 14, 2005, we performed a membership unit distribution to all of our unit holders, equal to two additional membership units for every one membership unit issued and outstanding. In addition, we paid a development fee equal to 125,000 restricted membership units to two of our directors, and we transferred 42,500 restricted units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC in exchange for consulting services. After we performed the distribution of two units for every one unit issued and outstanding, the distribution to our directors, and the transfer of units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, there were 625,000 units outstanding. The issuance of these units is dilutive to the units offered in the registered offering.
All current unit holders will realize an immediate increase of at least $5.84 per unit in the pro forma net tangible book value of their units if the minimum is sold at a price of $10 per unit, and an increase of at least $6.33 if the maximum is sold at a price of $10 per unit. Purchasers of units in this offering will realize an immediate dilution of at least $1.08 per unit in the net tangible book value of their units if the minimum is sold at a price of $10 per unit, and a decrease of at least $0.59 per unit if the maximum is sold at a price of $10 per unit.
We may, in the future, adopt a unit incentive plan or otherwise grant units, options or warrants in order to attract and retain key personnel to operate our plant. Such actions if taken could lower the value of your units and cause additional dilution to your investment and a reduction in your equity interest.
We may decide to build one or more additional ethanol plants which could affect our profitability and result in the loss of a portion or all of your investment.
In the future, we may explore the possibility of developing and building one or more additional ethanol plants in the United States. If we decide to take advantage of one or more of these opportunities, this may result in our issuing additional equity, which could dilute the units issued in this offering and cause us to incur additional significant debt obligations in order to fund the new construction. Any proposed additional plants may also impose substantial additional demands on the time and attention of our directors. Since we are only in the preliminary stages of considering the possibility of developing and building additional ethanol plants, we do not know in what states additional plants might be located. If we decide to build one or more additional plants, we may not be successful which could lead to an unrecoverable investment by us and you could lose a portion or all of your investment. Even if we are successful in building additional plants, the profitability of the operations of those additional plants will affect the value of your investment in this offering. In the event we do develop and build additional ethanol plants and those plants are more or less profitable than the plant we plan to build in Fairmont, Nebraska, it may have an effect on the value of your investment and you may lose a portion or all of your investment.
You may have limited access to information regarding our business because our operating agreement does not require us to deliver an annual report to security holders. We will not be required to furnish proxy statements, our directors, officers and beneficial owners will not be required to report their ownership of units, and our obligations to file periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission could be automatically suspended under certain circumstances.
Except for our duty to deliver audited annual financial statements to our members pursuant to our amended and restated operating agreement, we are not required to deliver an annual report to security holders and do not currently intend to do so. We also will not currently be required to furnish proxy statements to security holders and our directors, officers and beneficial owners will not currently be required to report their beneficial ownership of units to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. This means that your access to information regarding our business will be limited. However, as of effectiveness of our registration statement, we will be required to file periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission which will be immediately available to the public for inspection and copying. These reporting
19
obligations will be automatically suspended under Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 if we have less than 300 members. If this occurs, we will no longer be obligated to file periodic reports with the SEC and your access to our business information would then be even more restricted.
Risks Related to Tax Issues
EACH PROSPECTIVE MEMBER SHOULD CONSULT HIS OR HER OWN TAX ADVISOR CONCERNING THE IMPACT THAT HIS OR HER PARTICIPATION IN THE COMPANY MAY HAVE ON HIS OR HER FEDERAL INCOME TAX LIABILITY AND THE APPLICATION OF STATE AND LOCAL INCOME AND OTHER TAX LAWS TO HIS OR HER PARTICIPATION IN THIS OFFERING.
IRS classification of the company as a corporation rather than as a partnership would result in higher taxation and reduced profits, which could reduce the value of your investment in us.
We are a Delaware limited liability company that has elected to be taxed as a partnership for federal and state income tax purposes, with income, gain, loss, deduction and credit passed through to the holders of the units. However, if for any reason the IRS would successfully determine that we should be taxed as a corporation rather than as a partnership, we would be taxed on our net income at rates of up to 35% for federal income tax purposes, and all items of our income, gain, loss, deduction and credit would be reflected only on our tax returns and would not be passed through to the holders of the units. If we were to be taxed as a corporation for any reason, distributions we make to investors will be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of our earnings and profits, and the payment of dividends would not be deductible by us, thus resulting in double taxation of our earnings and profits. See "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR UNITS—Partnership Status." If we pay taxes as a corporation, we will have less cash to distribute as a distribution to our Unit holders.
The IRS May Classify Your Investment as Passive Activity Income, Resulting in Your Inability to Deduct Losses Associated with Your Investment.
It is likely that an investor's interest in us will be treated as a "passive activity." If an investor is either an individual or a closely held corporation, and if the investor's interest is deemed to be "passive activity," then the investor's allocated share of any loss we incur will be deductible only against income or gains the investor has earned from other passive activities. Passive activity losses that are disallowed in any taxable year are suspended and may be carried forward and used as an offset against passive activity income in future years. These rules could restrict an investor's ability to currently deduct any of our losses that are passed through to such investor.
Income allocations assigned to an investor's units may result in taxable income in excess of cash distributions, which means you may have to pay income tax on your investment with personal funds.
Investors will pay tax on their allocated shares of our taxable income. An investor may receive allocations of taxable income that result in a tax liability that is in excess of any cash distributions we may make to the investor. Among other things, this result might occur due to accounting methodology, lending covenants that restrict our ability to pay cash distributions, or our decision to retain the cash generated by the business to fund our operating activities and obligations. Accordingly, investors may be required to pay some or all of the income tax on their allocated shares of our taxable income with personal funds.
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An IRS audit could result in adjustments to our allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction causing additional tax liability to our members.
The IRS may audit the income tax returns of the Company and may challenge positions taken for tax purposes and allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction to investors. If the IRS were successful in challenging our allocations in a manner that reduces loss or increases income allocable to investors, you may have additional tax liabilities. In addition, such an audit could lead to separate audits of an investor's tax returns, especially if adjustments are required, which could result in adjustments on your tax returns. Any of these events could result in additional tax liabilities, penalties and interest to you, and the cost of filing amended tax returns.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
Our directors and officers have other business and management responsibilities which may cause conflicts of interest in the allocation of their time and services to our project.
Our directors and officers have other management responsibilities and business interests apart from our project. Therefore, our directors and officers may experience conflicts of interest in allocating their time and services between us and their other business responsibilities.
Our directors, officers or other affiliates may hold a substantial percentage of our units which may result in a conflict of interest between their responsibilities to us as directors and their own personal interests.
In addition, conflicts of interest may arise if the directors and officers, or other affiliates, either individually or collectively, hold a substantial percentage of the units because of their position to substantially influence our business and management.
We entered into a consulting agreement with BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, Lake Preston, South Dakota, as a project development and equity consultant. BioEnergy Capital Consultants is owned and operated by one of our directors, John T. Porter, along with Paul Casper of Lake Preston, South Dakota. In exchange for services and as provided in our agreement, we have issued a total of 50,000 membership units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, 42,500 of which are subject to restrictions on ownership including a Lock-Up Agreement executed by BioEnergy Capital Consultants on November 4, 2005 impairing the transfer of these units until May 10, 2008.
Our directors, Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes each hold a substantial percentage of our outstanding units. Mr. Stephenson currently owns a total of 205,000 of our units while Mr. Holmes is the beneficial owner of 115,000 units through the Holmes Residuary Trust. These totals include restricted units we have transferred to Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes pursuant to a project development fee agreement where we agreed to pay them together, a total fee equal to one percent of the total project cost. To date, we have issued Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes, together, a total of 125,000 restricted membership units in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop Advanced BioEnergy. These 125,000 membership units are subject to certain restrictions on ownership including a Lock-Up Agreement impairing the transfer of these units until May 10, 2008. Mr. Stephenson may be entitled to additional units up to 1% of total project cost on the date the plant begins producing ethanol if the actual project development cost exceeds the estimated cost used for purposes of the previous distribution of 125,000 units to Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes.
Our director, Robert W. Holmes, is the current president of our primary depository, Timberwood Bank, Tomah, Wisconsin.
The agreements with BioEnergy Capital Consultants LLC and Mr. Stephenson & Mr. Holmes were not negotiated at arms length and may or may not be as favorable to us as those generally available from an unaffiliated third party. In addition, these arrangements could cause Mr. Porter, Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes conflicts of interest in decision-making related to our financing plan.
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These conflicts could threaten our ability to capitalize the project if these directors put their personal interests ahead of our best interests related to funding the project.
We may have conflicting financial interests with Fagen, Inc., which could cause Fagen, Inc. to put its financial interests ahead of ours.
Fagen, Inc. is expected to advise our directors and has been, and is expected to be, involved in substantially all material aspects of our formation, capital formation and operations to date. Most of the cost of our project will be paid to Fagen, Inc. for the design and construction of our ethanol plant. Fagen, Inc. may experience conflicts of interest that cause it to put its financial interest in the design and construction of our plant ahead of our best interests. In addition, because of the extensive roles that Fagen, Inc. and/or ICM, Inc. will have in the construction and operation of the plant, it may be difficult or impossible for us to enforce claims that we may have against Fagen, Inc. and/or ICM, Inc. Such conflicts of interest may reduce our profitability and the value of the units and could result in reduced distributions to investors.
Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc., and their affiliates, may also have conflicts of interest because employees or agents of Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. are involved as owners, creditors, builders, designers and in other capacities with other ethanol plants in the United States. Affiliates of Fagen, Inc. have a substantial ownership interest in U.S. BioEnergy. U.S. BioEnergy is currently developing a 100 million gallons per year ethanol plant in Albert City, Iowa, and in the future may develop or acquire other plants in our geographic area. We cannot require Fagen, Inc. or ICM, Inc. to devote their full time or attention to our activities. As a result, Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. may have, or come to have, a conflict of interest in allocating personnel, materials and other resources to our plant.
Before making any decision to invest in us, investors should read this entire prospectus, including all of its exhibits, and consult with their own investment, legal, tax and other professional advisors.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Throughout this prospectus, we make "forward-looking statements" that involve future events, our future performance, and our expected future operations and actions. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as "may," "should," "plan," "future," "intend," "could," "estimate," "predict," "hope," "potential," "continue," "believe," "expect" or "anticipate" or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements are generally located in the material set forth under the headings "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATIONS," "PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION," "RISK FACTORS," "USE OF PROCEEDS" and "DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS," but may be found in other locations as well. These forward-looking statements generally relate to our plans and objectives for future operations and are based upon management's reasonable estimates of future results or trends. Although we believe that our plans and objectives reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we may not achieve such plans or objectives. Actual results may differ from projected results due, but not limited to, unforeseen developments, including developments relating to the following:
- •
- the availability and adequacy of our cash flow to meet its requirements, including payment of loans;
- •
- economic, competitive, demographic, business and other conditions in our local and regional markets;
- •
- changes or developments in laws, regulations or taxes in the ethanol, agricultural or energy industries;
- •
- actions taken or not taken by third-parties, including our suppliers and competitors, as well as legislative, regulatory, judicial and other governmental authorities;
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- •
- competition in the ethanol industry;
- •
- the loss of any license or permit;
- •
- the loss of our plant due to casualty, weather, mechanical failure or any extended or extraordinary maintenance or inspection that may be required;
- •
- changes in our business strategy, capital improvements or development plans;
- •
- the availability of additional capital to support capital improvements and development; and
- •
- other factors discussed under the section entitled "RISK FACTORS" or elsewhere in this prospectus.
You should read this prospectus completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus have been compiled as of the date of this prospectus and should be evaluated with consideration of any changes occurring after the date of this prospectus. Except as required under federal securities laws and SEC rules and regulations, we will not update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future.
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
There is no established market for our units. We established the offering price without an independent valuation of the units. We established the offering price based on our estimate of capital and expense requirements, not based on perceived market value, book value, or other established criteria. The units may have a value significantly less than the offering price and there is no guarantee that the units will ever obtain a value equal to or greater than the offering price.
DILUTION
As of the date of this prospectus, we have a total of 625,000 units outstanding. The following chart sets forth the units issued since our inception through the date of this prospectus:
Issuance Event
| | Number of Units Issued
|
---|
Seed Capital Private Placement | | 150,000 |
Transfer to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC | | 2,500 |
Unit Distribution of 2 Units for every 1 Unit outstanding to Seed Capital Investors and BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC | | 305,000 |
Transfer to Stephenson and Holmes pursuant to Project Development Agreement | | 125,000 |
Transfer to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC pursuant to Consulting Agreement | | 42,500 |
| |
|
TOTAL: | | 625,000 |
As of June 30, 2005 (the end of our most recent fiscal quarter and the date of our unaudited financial statements) our seed capital members had contributed a total of $1,500,000 in exchange for 150,000 units at a purchase price of $10 per unit. We have distributed an additional 305,000 units through a distribution to our seed capital investors equal to two units for every one unit issued and outstanding, 125,000 units through a transfer to Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes pursuant to the project development agreement and a total of 50,000 units including 5,000 shares from the unit distribution discussed above to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC.
The total number of units outstanding as of June 30, 2005 is 625,000. The units, as of June 30, 2005, had a net tangible book value of $1,927,139 or $3.08 per unit. The net tangible book value per
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unit represents members' equity less intangible assets which includes deferred offering and financing costs, divided by the number of units outstanding.
All current unit holders will realize an immediate increase of at least $5.84 per unit in the pro forma net tangible book value of their units if the minimum is sold at a price of $10 per unit, and an increase of at least $6.33 if the maximum is sold at a price of $10 per unit. Purchasers of units in this offering will realize an immediate dilution of at least $1.08 per unit in the net tangible book value of their units if the minimum is sold at a price of $10 per unit, and a decrease of at least $0.59 per unit if the maximum is sold at a price of $10 per unit.
An investor purchasing units in this offering will receive units diluted by the purchases of units by our seed capital investors, the distribution to our seed capital investors equal to two units for every one unit issued and outstanding and the other unit issuances occurring prior to the date of this offering as described above. The presence of these previously sold units will dilute the relative ownership interests of the units sold in this offering because these earlier investors received a relatively greater share of our equity for less consideration than investors are paying for units issued in this offering. Generally, all investors in this offering will notice immediate dilution. We have and will continue to use this previously contributed capital to finance development costs and for initial working capital purposes. We intend to use any remaining balance for the same purposes as those of this offering.
The following table illustrates the increase to existing unit holders and the dilution to purchasers in the offering in the net tangible book value per unit assuming the minimum or the maximum number of units is sold.
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| | Minimum
| | Maximum
| |
---|
Pro forma net tangible book value per unit at June 30, 2005 | | $ | 3.08 | | $ | 3.08 | |
Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per unit attributable to the sale of 3,366,250 (minimum) and 6,732,500 (maximum) units at $10 per unit. | | $ | 5.84 | | $ | 6.33 | |
Net tangible book value per unit at June 30, 2005, as adjusted for the sale of units | | $ | 8.92 | | $ | 9.41 | |
Dilution per unit to new investors in this offering | | $ | (1.08 | ) | $ | (0.59 | ) |
We may seek additional equity financing in the future, which may cause additional dilution to investors in this offering and a reduction in their equity interest. The holders of the units purchased in this offering will have no preemptive rights on any units to be issued by us in the future in connection with any such additional equity financing. If we sell additional units the sale or exercise price could be higher or lower than what investors are paying in this offering. If we sell additional units at a lower price it could lower the value of an existing investor's units.
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CAPITALIZATION
We have issued a total of 150,000 units to our seed capital investors at a price of $10 per unit, for total unit proceeds of $1,500,000. In addition, we distributed 2,500 units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants for services provided as our project development and equity consultant. Following the close of the seed capital private placement, we issued an additional 305,000 units as a result of a distribution of two units for every one unit issued and outstanding to all of the unit holders, payment of a total project development fee to Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes equal to 125,000 restricted units in Advanced BioEnergy for their efforts to organize and develop the company, and the transfer of 42,500 restricted units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC for a total of 50,000 units including 5,000 shares from the unit distribution discussed above to that consultant. If the minimum offering of $33,662,500 is attained, we will have received total membership proceeds, including proceeds from our previous seed capital private placement, of $35,162,500 at the end of this offering, less offering expenses. If the maximum offering of $67,325,000 is attained, we will have total membership proceeds, including proceeds from our previous seed capital private placement of $68,825,000 at the end of this offering, less offering expenses.
Capitalization Table
The following table sets forth our capitalization at June 30, 2005 on an actual and pro forma basis to reflect the units offered in this offering.
| |
| | Pro Forma(1)
| |
---|
| | Actual
| | Minimum
| | Maximum
| |
---|
Long-term Debt(2) | | $ | | | $ | 97,337,500 | | $ | 63,675,000 | |
Unit holders' equity: | | | 3,180,538 | | | 36,843,038 | | | 70,505,538 | |
| Accumulated deficit | | | (615,445 | ) | | (615,445 | ) | | (615,445 | ) |
Total Unit holder's equity (deficit) | | | 2,565,093 | | | 36,227,593 | | | 69,890,093 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total Capitalization | | $ | 2,565,093 | | $ | 133,565,093 | | $ | 133,565,093 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
- (1)
- As adjusted to reflect receipt of gross proceeds prior to deducting offering expenses and securing a debt financing commitment.
- (2)
- Less any grants, tax increment financing or other incentives we are awarded.
Our seed capital private placement was made directly by us without use of an underwriter or placement agent and without payment of commissions or other remuneration. The aggregate sales proceeds, after payment of offering expenses in immaterial amounts, were applied to our working capital and other development and organizational purposes.
With respect to the exemption from registration of issuance of securities claimed under Rule 506 and Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, neither we nor any person acting on our behalf offered or sold the securities by means of any form of general solicitation or advertising. Prior to making any offer or sale, we had reasonable grounds to believe and believed that each prospective investor was capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment and were able to bear the economic risk of the investment. Each purchaser represented in writing that the securities were being acquired for investment for such purchaser's own account, and agreed that the securities would not be sold without registration under the Securities Act or exemption therefrom. Each purchaser agreed that a legend was placed on each certificate evidencing the securities stating the securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and setting forth restrictions on their transferability.
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DISTRIBUTION POLICY
Following completion of the seed capital private placement, the initial board of directors authorized a unit distribution to all of our unit holders equal to two units for every one unit issued and outstanding in order to compensate those initial unit holders for the risk associated with each of their seed capital investments in Advanced BioEnergy. In addition, we made distributions of restricted units to our project development consultant and two of our directors in exchange for project development services. You should not rely on our past unit distributions for an indication of our future distribution policy. We have not made any cash distributions since our inception and we do not intend to declare any additional unit distributions or any cash distributions until after we begin generating revenue and satisfy any loan covenants required by our lenders. We do not expect to generate earnings until the proposed ethanol plant is operational, which is expected to occur approximately 15 months after we close the offering. Distributions are payable at the sole discretion of our board of directors. We do not know the amount of cash that we will generate, if any, once we begin operations. After operation of the proposed ethanol plant begins, subject to any loan covenants or restrictions with any senior and term lenders, we may elect to make a distribution by distributing "net cash flow" to our members in proportion to the units that each member holds relative to the total number of units outstanding. "Net cash flow," means our gross cash proceeds less any portion, as determined by the board of directors in their sole discretion, used to pay or establish reserves for operating expenses, debt payments, capital improvements, replacements and contingencies. However, there can be no assurance that we will ever be able to pay any distributions to the unit holders including you. Our board may elect to retain future profits to provide operational financing for the plant, debt retirement, implementation of new technology and various expansion plans including the possible construction of additional plants and development of new product lines. Additionally, our lenders may further restrict our ability to make distributions during the initial period of the term debt.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table summarizes important financial information from our June 30, 2005 unaudited financial statements. You should read this table in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
| | From Inception (January 4, 2005) to June 30, 2005
| |
---|
Statement of Operations Data: | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | — | |
Operating expenses: | | | | |
| Start up expenses | | | 501,275 | |
| Accounting | | | 2,260 | |
| Consulting fees | | | 57,754 | |
| Legal | | | 28,957 | |
| Dues | | | 44 | |
| Directors meetings and expenses | | | 19,738 | |
| Office | | | 2,510 | |
| Insurance | | | 22 | |
| Utilities | | | 2,093 | |
| Advertising and promotion | | | 770 | |
| Miscellaneous | | | 22 | |
| |
| |
| | $ | (615,445 | ) |
| |
| |
Deficit accumulated during the development stage | | $ | (615,445 | ) |
| |
| |
| | June 30, 2005
| |
---|
Balance Sheet Data: | | | | |
Assets: | | | | |
| Current Assets: | | | | |
| Cash | | $ | 1,184,564 | |
| Prepaid consulting fees | | | 416,667 | |
| |
| |
| Total Current Assets | | | 1,601,231 | |
| Other Assets: | | | | |
| | Land option deposits | | | 30,000 | |
| | Deposits | | | 700 | |
| | Deferred Offering and financing costs | | | 637,954 | |
| | Prepaid consulting fees | | | 416,667 | |
| |
| |
| | | 1,085,321 | |
| |
| |
Total Assets | | $ | 2,686,552 | |
| |
| |
Liabilities and members' equity: | | | | |
| Current liabilities | | $ | | |
| | Accounts Payable | | $ | 121,459 | |
Members' equity | | | | |
| Contributed member's equity | | | 3,180,538 | |
| Deficit accumulations during development stage | | | (615,445 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | 2,565,093 | |
| |
| |
Total liabilities and members' equity | | $ | 2,686,552 | |
| |
| |
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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATION
Overview
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual events or results may differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements. The following discussion of the financial condition and results of our operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We are a start-up Delaware limited liability company formed on January 4, 2005, for the purpose of constructing and operating a 100 million gallons per year ethanol plant to produce ethanol and distillers grains near Fairmont, Nebraska. We do not expect to generate any revenue until the plant is completely constructed and operational. We expect to build the plant on a site located near Fairmont, Nebraska.Our board of directors reserves the right to change the location of the plant site, in their sole discretion, for any reason. We anticipate the final plant site will have access to both truck and rail transportation.
Based upon engineering specifications produced by Fagen, Inc., the plant will annually consume approximately 36 million bushels of corn and annually produce approximately 100 million gallons of fuel grade ethanol and 321,429 tons of distillers grains for animal feed. We currently estimate that it will take 15 months from the date that we close the offering, which includes obtaining our debt financing, and obtaining all necessary permits, to complete the construction of the plant.
We expect the project will cost approximately $132,500,000 to complete. This includes approximately $98,000,000 to build the plant and an additional $34,500,000 in other capital expenditures, start-up costs, working capital and interest. We are still in the development phase, and until the proposed ethanol plant is operational, we will generate no revenue. We anticipate that accumulated losses will continue to increase until the ethanol plant is operational.
In the future, we may explore the possibility of developing and building one or more additional ethanol plants in the United States. If we decide to take advantage of one or more of these opportunities, this may result in our issuing additional equity, which could dilute the units issued in this offering and cause us to incur additional significant debt obligations in order to fund the new construction. Any proposed additional plants may also impose substantial additional demands on the time and attention of our directors. Since we are only in the preliminary stages of considering the possibility of developing and building additional ethanol plants, we do not know where additional plants might be located, but it is possible that they would not be located in the state of Nebraska. If we decide to build one or more additional plants, we may not be successful which could lead to a decline in our profitability and you could lose a portion or all of your investment. Even if we are successful in building additional plants, the profitability of the operations of those additional plants will affect the value of your investment in this offering. In the event we do develop and build additional ethanol plants and those plants are more or less profitable than the plant we plan to build in Fairmont, Nebraska, it may have a negative effect on the value of your investment and you may lose a portion or all of your investment.
Plan of Operations Until Start-Up of Ethanol Plant
We expect to spend the next 12 months focused on three primary activities: (1) project capitalization; (2) site acquisition and development; and (3) plant construction. Assuming the successful completion of this offering and the related debt financing, we expect to have sufficient cash on hand to cover all costs associated with construction of the project, including, but not limited to, site acquisition and development, utilities, construction and equipment acquisition. In addition, we expect our seed capital proceeds to supply us with enough cash to cover our costs through this period, including
29
staffing, office costs, audit, legal, compliance and staff training. We estimate that we will need approximately $132,500,000 to complete the project.
Project capitalization
We will not close the offering until we receive subscriptions for the minimum aggregate offering amount of $33,662,500 however, offering must end by November 10, 2006. Even if we successfully sell the minimum by November 10, 2006, we will only release funds from escrow, once we have secured a written debt financing commitment for debt financing ranging from a minimum of $63,675,000 to a maximum of $97,337,500 depending on the level of equity raised and any grant funding received. A debt financing commitment only obligates the lender to lend us the debt financing that we need if we satisfy all the conditions of the commitment. These conditions may include, among others, the total cost of the project being within a specified amount, the receipt of engineering and construction contracts acceptable to the lender, evidence of the issuance of all permits, acceptable insurance coverage and title commitment, the contribution of a specified amount of equity and attorney opinions. At this time, we do not know what business and financial conditions will be imposed on us. We may not satisfy the loan commitment conditions before closing, or at all. If this occurs we may:
- •
- commence construction of the plant using all or a part of the equity funds raised while we seek another debt financing source;
- •
- hold the equity funds raised indefinitely in an interest-bearing account while we seek another debt financing source; or
- •
- return the equity funds, if any, to investors with accrued interest, after deducting the currently indeterminate expenses of operating our business or partially constructing the plant before we return the funds.
In any of these situations, we may not successfully construct and commence operations of our proposed plant and may terminate operations. As a result, you could lose all or part of your investment.
Site acquisition and development
During and after the offering, we expect to continue work principally on the preliminary design and development of our proposed ethanol plant, obtaining the necessary construction permits, identifying potential sources of debt financing and negotiating the corn supply, ethanol and distillers grains marketing, utility and other contracts. We plan to fund these initiatives using the $1,500,000 of seed capital that we raised. We believe that our existing funds will permit us to continue our preliminary activities through the end of this offering. If we are unable to close on this offering by that time or otherwise obtain other funds, we may need to discontinue operations.
Plant construction and start-up of plant operations
We expect to complete construction of the proposed plant and commence operations approximately 15 months after construction commences. Our work will include completion of the final design and development of the plant. We also plan to negotiate and execute finalized contracts concerning the construction of the plant, provision of necessary electricity, natural gas and other power sources and marketing agreements for ethanol and distillers grains. Assuming the successful completion of this offering and our obtaining the necessary debt financing, we expect to have sufficient cash on hand to cover construction and related start-up costs necessary to make the plant operational. We estimate that we will need approximately $98,000,000 to construct the plant and a total of approximately $132,500,000 to cover all capital expenditures necessary to complete the project, make the plant operational and produce revenue.
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Trends and Uncertainties Impacting the Ethanol Industry and Our Future Operations
If we are able to build the plant and begin operations, we will be subject to industry-wide factors that affect our operating and financial performance. These factors include, but are not limited to, the available supply and cost of corn from which our ethanol and distillers grains will be processed; the cost of natural gas, which we will use in the production process; dependence on our ethanol marketer and distillers grains marketer to market and distribute our products; the intensely competitive nature of the ethanol industry; possible legislation at the federal, state and/or local level; changes in federal ethanol tax incentives and the cost of complying with extensive environmental laws that regulate our industry.
We expect ethanol sales to constitute the bulk of our future revenues. Ethanol prices have recently been much higher than their 10 year average. However, due to the increase in the supply of ethanol from the number of new ethanol plants scheduled to begin production and the expansion of current plants, we do not expect current ethanol prices to be sustainable in the long term. Areas where demand may increase are new markets in New Jersey, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, North Carolina, South Carolina, Michigan, Nashville, Baton Rouge and Houston. Minnesota may also generate additional demand due to the recent passage of state legislation mandating a 20% ethanol blend in its gasoline. Montana passed a similar mandate this year, but it will not go into effect until 60 million gallons of ethanol are produced in the state.
We expect to benefit from federal ethanol supports and federal tax incentives. Changes to these supports or incentives could significantly impact demand for ethanol. In late July 2005, the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate passed the Energy Policy Act of 2005, containing a Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS"). President George W. Bush signed the measure in to law on August 8, 2005. The RFS is a national flexible program that does not require that any renewable fuels be used in any particular area or state, allowing refiners to use renewable fuel blends in those areas where it is most cost-effective. The RFS will begin at 4 billion gallons in 2006, and increase to 7.5 billion gallons by 2012. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, the Act is expected to lead to about $6 billion in new investment in ethanol plants across the country. An increase in the number of new plants will bring an increase in the supply of ethanol. Thus, while this Act may cause ethanol prices to increase in the short term due to additional demand, future supply could outweigh the demand for ethanol in the future. This would have a negative impact on our earnings in the long term.
Although the Act did not impose a national ban of MTBE, its failure to include liability protection for manufacturers of MTBE could result in refiners and blenders using ethanol as an oxygenate rather than MTBE to satisfy the reformulated gasoline oxygenate requirement. While this may create increased demand in the short-term, we do not expect this to have a long term impact on the demand for ethanol as the Act repeals the Clean Air Act's 2% oxygenate requirement for reformulated gasoline immediately in California and 270 days after enactment elsewhere.
Demand for ethanol may also increase as a result of increased consumption of E85 fuel. E85 fuel is a blend of 70% to 85% ethanol and gasoline. According to the Energy Information Administration, E85 consumption is projected to increase from a national total of 11 million gallons in 2003 to 47 million gallons in 2025. E85 is used as an aviation fuel and as a hydrogen source for fuel cells. In the United States, there are currently about 3 million flexible fuel vehicles capable of operating on E85 and 400 retail stations supplying it. Automakers have indicated plans to produce an estimated 2 million more flexible fuel vehicles per year.
Ethanol production continues to grow as additional plants become operational. Demand for ethanol has been supported by higher oil prices and its refined components and by clean air standards mandated by federal agencies have required highly populated areas to blend ethanol into their gasoline supplies as an oxygenate. The intent of the air standards is to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere. These mandates have been challenged in several metropolitan areas, and are currently being reviewed by the courts. In the future, the combination of additional supply, successful challenges
31
to the clean air standards and stagnant or reduced demand may damage our ability to generate revenues and maintain positive cash flows.
The current Nebraska ethanol incentive program requires ethanol production prior to June 30, 2004. Because we were not operational as of June 30, 2004, we do not qualify for the Nebraska ethanol production tax credit of $0.18 per gallon. This may cause our plant to be less competitive than other Nebraska ethanol plants that are eligible to receive the tax credit or ethanol plants operating in other states that provide ethanol supports or tax incentives. The current program is scheduled to expire on June 30, 2012.
Consumer resistance to the use of ethanol may affect the demand for ethanol which could affect our ability to market our product and reduce the value of your investment. Certain individuals believe that use of ethanol will have a negative impact on prices at the pump. Many also believe that ethanol adds to air pollution and harms car and truck engines. Still other consumers believe that the process of producing ethanol actually uses more fossil energy, such as oil and natural gas, than the amount of ethanol that is produced. These consumer beliefs could potentially be wide-spread. If consumers choose not to buy ethanol, it would affect the demand for the ethanol we produce which could negatively affect our abilty sell our product and negatively affect our profitability.
Technology Developments
A new technology has recently been introduced, to remove corn oil from concentrated thin stillage (a by-product of "dry milling" ethanol processing facilities) which would be used as an animal feed supplement or possibly as an input for bio-diesel production. Although the recovery of oil from the thin stillage may be economically feasible, it fails to produce the advantages of removing the oil prior to the fermentation process. The FWS Group of Companies, headquartered out of Canada with offices in the United States, is currently working on a starch separation technology that would economically separate a corn kernel into its main components. The process removes the germ, pericarp and tip of the kernel leaving only the endosperm of kernel for the production of ethanol. This technology has the capability to reduce drying costs and the loading of volatile organic compounds. The separated germ would also be available through this process for other uses such as high oil feeds or bio-diesel production. Each of these new technologies is currently in its early stages of development. There is no guarantee that either technology will be successful or that we will be able to implement the technology in our ethanol plant.
Trends and Uncertainties Impacting the Corn and Natural Gas Markets and Our Future Cost of Goods Sold
We expect our future cost of goods sold will consist primarily of costs relating to the corn and natural gas supplies necessary to produce ethanol and distillers grains for sale. The 2004 corn crop was the largest corn crop on record with national production at approximately 11.8 billion bushels. This allowed ethanol plants to purchase corn cheaply throughout 2005, which widened profit margins for many ethanol plants in the current year. We do not expect corn prices to remain this low. The USDA has projected the 2005 corn crop to be 10.64 billion bushels, which is a 10% decrease from last years corn crop. Variables such as planting dates, rainfall, and temperatures will likely cause market uncertainty and create corn price volatility throughout the year. Although we do not expect to begin operations until summer 2007, we expect these same factors will continue to cause volatility in the price of corn, which will significantly impact our cost of goods sold.
Natural gas is also an important input commodity to our manufacturing process. We estimate that our natural gas usage will be approximately 10% to 15% of our annual total production cost. We use natural gas to dry our distillers grain products to moisture contents at which they can be stored for long periods of time, and can be transported greater distances. Dried distillers grains have a much broader market base, including the western cattle feedlots, and the dairies of California and Florida. Recently, the price of natural gas has risen along with other energy sources. Natural gas prices are
32
considerably higher than the 10-year average. In late August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused dramatic damage to areas of Louisiana, which is the location of one of the largest natural gas hubs in the United States. As the damage from the hurricane became apparent, natural gas prices substantially increased. It is currently unknown how the damage will affect intermediate and long term prices of natural gas. Future hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico could cause similar or greater uncertainty. We look for continued volatility in the natural gas market. Any ongoing increases in the price of natural gas will increase our cost of production and may negatively impact our future profit margins.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2005, we have total assets of $2,686,552 consisting primarily of cash, prepaid consulting fees and deferred offering and financing costs. We have current liabilities of $ 121,459 consisting primarily of our accounts payable. Since our inception through June 30, 2005, we have an accumulated deficit of $ 615,445. Total members' equity as of June 30, 2005, was $ 2,565,093. Since our inception, we have generated no revenue from operations. For the period from inception to June 30, 2005, we had a net loss of $615,445, primarily due to start-up business costs.
Based on our business plan and current construction cost estimates, we believe the total project will cost approximately $132,500,000. We are seeking to raise a minimum of $33,662,500 and a maximum of $67,325,000 of equity in this offering. Depending on the level of equity raised in this offering, we expect to require debt financing, incentives and grants ranging from a minimum of $63,675,000 to a maximum of $97,337,500.
We hope to attract the senior bank loan from a major bank, with participating loans from other banks, to construct the proposed ethanol plant. We expect the senior loan will be a construction loan secured by all of our real property, including receivables and inventories. Based on our knowledge of similar loans made in the industry and preliminary discussions with potential lenders, we anticipate that we will pay near prime rate on this loan, plus annual fees for maintenance and observation of the loan by the lender, however, there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain debt financing or that adequate debt financing will be available on the terms we currently anticipate. If we are unable to obtain senior debt in an amount necessary to fully capitalize the project, we may have to seek subordinated debt financing.
We do not have contracts or commitments with any bank, lender or financial institution for debt financing and there is no assurance that we will be able to secure such financing. Completion of the project relies entirely on our ability to attract these loans and close on this offering.
Critical Accounting Policies
Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses.
We will defer offering costs until the sale of units is completed. Upon issuance of the units, these costs will be netted against the proceeds received. If the offering is not completed, such costs will be expensed.
Grants, Government Programs, Tax Credits and Tax Increment Financing
We are seeking approximately $7,000,000 in tax increment financing from the Village of Fairmont, Nebraska. Tax increment financing is a program created by state statute and provides city councils the power to use all of the real property tax resulting from the increase in taxable valuation due to the construction of new industrial or commercial facilities to provide economic incentives. We must obtain approval from the city council of the Village of Fairmont, Nebraska, or any other governing body of the
33
city in which we locate the plant in order to receive tax increment financing. There is no guarantee that tax increment financing will be approved. If it is not approved, we will require additional equity.
We expect to receive a $350,000 Community Development Block Grant, which must be used for infrastructure costs. We expect that Fillmore County will act as an intermediary if we are awarded the Community Development Block Grant funds. We are also in the process of applying for a low interest loan or grant through the Nebraska Light Rail Assistance Program for rail infrastructure costs. This program makes funds available for grants or low interest loans for light rail projects in the state of Nebraska. We have not yet received firm commitments or approvals for the Community Development Block Grant or from the Nebraska Light Rail Assistance Program and we have no assurance that these funds will be available to us.
We plan to apply for tax incentives available under the Employment and Investment Growth Act available for economic development in Nebraska.
We plan to apply for a project development grant from the USDA. Although we may apply under several programs simultaneously and may be awarded grants or other benefits from more than one program, it must be noted that some combinations of programs are mutually exclusive. Under some state and federal programs, awards are not made to applicants in cases where construction on the project has started prior to the award date. There is no guarantee that applications will result in awards of grants or loans.
The state of Nebraska has established a production tax credit of 18 cents per gallon of ethanol produced during a 96 consecutive month period by newly constructed facilities in production prior to June 30, 2004. The tax credit is only available to offset Nebraska motor fuels excise taxes. The tax credit is transferable to third parties. No producer is eligible to receive tax credits for more than 15,625,000 gallons of ethanol produced in one year and no producer will receive tax credits for more than 125 million gallons of ethanol produced over the consecutive 96 month period. As the program is currently structured, we are not eligible for these production tax credits since our plant did not become operational by the June 30, 2004 production deadline. This may cause our plant to be less competitive than other Nebraska plants that are eligible to participate in the program and receive tax credits or cash payments in exchange for transfer of the credits. The program is scheduled to expire on June 30, 2012.
A legislative bill was introduced in the 2005 Nebraska legislature that offered any new Nebraska ethanol producer not in production on or before the effective date of the act a tax credit of 8 cents per gallon of ethanol up to 75 million gallons over 72 consecutive months with a maximum credit of $6,000,000 per plant. The bill has been carried over until the 2006 legislative session. There is no assurance that the Nebraska legislature will approve this ethanol incentive legislation or any other type of ethanol incentive legislation. In addition, we cannot guarantee that our project will be able to benefit from any ethanol incentive program that may be enacted by the Nebraska legislature.
ESTIMATED SOURCES OF FUNDS
The following tables set forth various estimates of our sources of funds, depending upon the amount of units sold to investors and based upon various levels of equity that our lenders may require. The information set forth below represents estimates only and actual sources of funds could vary
34
significantly due to a number of factors, including those described in the section entitled, "RISK FACTORS" and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Sources of Funds(1)
| | Maximum 6,732,500 Units Sold
| | Percent
| |
---|
Unit Proceeds | | $ | 67,325,000 | | 50.81 | % |
Seed Capital Proceeds | | | 1,500,000 | | 1.13 | % |
Tax Increment Financing | | | 7,000,000 | | 5.28 | % |
Grants | | | 500,000 | | 0.38 | % |
Senior Debt Financing | | | 56,175,000 | | 42.40 | % |
| |
| |
| |
Total Sources of Funds | | $ | 132,500,000 | | 100.00 | % |
| |
| |
| |
Sources of Funds(1)
| | If 5,121,000 Units Sold
| | Percent
| |
---|
Unit Proceeds | | $ | 51,210,000 | | 38.65 | % |
Seed Capital Proceeds | | | 1,500,000 | | 1.13 | % |
Tax Increment Financing | | | 7,000,000 | | 5.28 | % |
Grants | | | 500,000 | | 0.38 | % |
Senior Debt Financing | | | 72,290,000 | | 54.56 | % |
| |
| |
| |
Total Sources of Funds | | $ | 132,500,000 | | 100.00 | % |
| |
| |
| |
Sources of Funds(1)
| | Minimum 3,366,250 Units Sold
| | Percent
| |
---|
Unit Proceeds | | $ | 33,662,500 | | 25.41 | % |
Seed Capital Proceeds | | | 1,500,000 | | 1.13 | % |
Tax Increment Financing | | | 7,000,000 | | 5.28 | % |
Grants | | | 500,000 | | 0.38 | % |
Senior Debt Financing | | | 89,837,500 | | 67.80 | % |
| |
| |
| |
Total Sources of Funds | | $ | 132,500,000 | | 100.00 | % |
| |
| |
| |
- (1)
- We expect to obtain debt financing, incentives and other grants ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500 depending on the equity raised in this offering. For the tables set forth above, we have assumed grants of 500,000, however we have no definitive agreements for these funds. We have also assumed $7,000,000 from the Village of Fairmont for tax increment financing, however, we have not yet entered into any written definitive agreement for these funds. Given these assumptions for grants and other incentives, our range of debt financing for purposes of the tables above is $56,175,000 to $89,837,500 depending on the level of equity assumed. Although, we have also assumed senior debt financing in this range, we have not yet received a written commitment from a lender or entered into definitive documents for these funds. We expect that senior debt financing will consist of a term loan and a revolving line of credit secured by all of our real property and personal property.
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ESTIMATED USE OF PROCEEDS
The gross proceeds from this offering, before deducting offering expenses, will be $33,662,500 if the minimum amount of equity offered is sold, and $67,325,000 if the maximum number of units offered is sold for $10 per unit. We estimate the offering expenses to be approximately $738,039. Therefore, we estimate the net proceeds of the offering to be $32,924,461 if the minimum amount of equity is raised, and $66,586,961 if the maximum number of units offered is sold.
| | Maximum Offering
| | Minimum Offering
|
---|
Offering Proceeds ($10 per unit) | | $ | 67,325,000 | | $ | 33,662,500 |
Less Estimated Offering Expenses(1) | | $ | 738,039 | | $ | 738,039 |
Net Proceeds from Offering | | $ | 66,586,961 | | $ | 32,924,461 |
- (1)
- Estimated Offering Expenses are as follows:
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fees | | $ | 7,924 |
Legal fees and expenses | | | 205,000 |
Consulting fees | | | 200,000 |
Accounting fees | | | 40,000 |
Blue Sky filing fees | | | 42,615 |
Printing expenses | | | 35,000 |
Advertising | | | 140,000 |
Directors and Officers Liability Insurance | | | 57,500 |
Miscellaneous Expenses | | | 10,000 |
| |
|
Total | | $ | 738,039 |
| |
|
We intend to use the net proceeds of the offering to construct and operate a 100 million gallons per year ethanol plant. We must supplement the proceeds of this offering with debt financing to meet our stated goals. We estimate that the total expenditures for the construction of the plant and start up expenses will be approximately $132,500,000. We expect to pay Fagen, Inc. $98,000,000 to build our ethanol plant.
The following table describes our proposed use of proceeds. The actual use of funds is based upon contingencies, such as the estimated cost of plant construction, the suitability and cost of the proposed site, the regulatory permits required and the cost of debt financing and inventory costs, which are driven by the market. Therefore, the following figures are intended to be estimates only, and the actual use of funds may vary significantly from the descriptions given below depending on contingencies such as those described above. However, we anticipate that any variation in our use of proceeds will occur in
36
the level of proceeds attributable to a particular use (as set forth below) rather than a change from one of the uses set forth below to a use not identified in this prospectus.
Use of Proceeds
| | Amount
| | Percent
| |
---|
Plant construction | | $ | 98,000,000 | | 73.962 | % |
Land | | | 1,700,000 | | 1.283 | % |
Site Development Costs | | | 4,230,000 | | 3.193 | % |
Railroad Infrastructure | | | 3,110,000 | | 2.347 | % |
Fire Protection / Water Supply | | | 950,000 | | 0.717 | % |
Water treatment system | | | 580,000 | | 0.438 | % |
Administrative Building | | | 350,000 | | 0.264 | % |
Office Equipment | | | 100,000 | | 0.076 | % |
Computers, Software, Network | | | 180,000 | | 0.136 | % |
Construction performance bond | | | 550,000 | | 0.415 | % |
Construction insurance costs | | | 200,000 | | 0.151 | % |
Construction contingency | | | 1,740,000 | | 1.313 | % |
Capitalized interest | | | 2,000,000 | | 1.509 | % |
Rolling stock | | | 400,000 | | 0.302 | % |
Start up costs: | | | | | | |
| Financing costs | | | 800,000 | | 0.604 | % |
| Organization costs | | | 1,660,000 | | 1.253 | % |
| Pre Production period costs | | | 950,000 | | 0.717 | % |
| Inventory—Spare parts | | | 600,000 | | 0.453 | % |
| Inventory—Working capital | | | 6,000,000 | | 4.528 | % |
| Inventory—corn | | | 4,000,000 | | 3.02 | % |
| Inventory—chemicals and ingredients | | | 650,000 | | 0.491 | % |
| Inventory—Ethanol | | | 2,950,000 | | 2.226 | % |
| Inventory—Distillers Grains | | | 800,000 | | 0.604 | % |
| |
| |
| |
| Total | | $ | 132,500,000 | | 100 | % |
We expect the total funding required for the plant to be $132,500,000, which includes $98,000,000 to build the plant and $34,500,000 for other project development costs including land, site development, utilities, start-up costs, capitalized fees and interest, inventories and working capital. Our use of proceeds is measured from our date of inception and we have already incurred some of the related expenditures. If the plant is constructed near Fairmont, Nebraska, we expect the land to cost approximately $1,700,000. We have already secured four options near Fairmont, Nebraska. Two of these options make up the site which we are considering as our primary site and the other two make up our alternate site which we are considering, and may use, depending on the resolution of certain development issues and whether we are able to complete the purchase of a rail spur related to the primary site.We reserve the right to chose either site or a completely different site in the discretion of our board of directors. We anticipate site development to cost an additional $4,230,000. The construction of the plant itself is by far the single largest expense at $98,000,000. If the plant is constructed near Fairmont, Nebraska, rail improvements, such as siding and switches may need to be installed at an estimated cost of $3,110,000. The estimated cost of the administration building and furnishings is $450,000. Total estimated construction costs including bringing utilities and rail to the site are $114,090,000 or approximately $1.14 per gallon of annual denatured ethanol production capacity, assuming full capacity production.
In addition to the cost to build the ethanol plant and bring rail and utilities to the site, we will need to incur other significant costs to build and operate the facility successfully. Start-up inventories of ethanol, corn, distillers grains, chemicals, yeast, denaturant and spare parts and working capital are
37
estimated to be $15,000,000. Preproduction costs are estimated to be $950,000. We estimate operating costs, including office labor and insurance coverage to be $983,000.
For purposes of estimating capitalized interest and financing costs, we have assumed debt financing of approximately $65,000,000. We determined this amount of debt financing based upon an assumed equity amount of $43,500,000, grants totaling $500,000, tax increment financing totaling $7,000,000 and seed capital proceeds of $1,500,000. If any of these assumptions changes, we will need to revise the level of term debt accordingly. Loan interest during construction will be capitalized and is estimated to be $2,000,000, based upon senior debt of $65,000,000. We have estimated our financing costs of $800,000 based upon this same level of term debt.
Organizational costs, including, but not limited to, offering expenses of $738,039, are estimated to be $1,660,000 (this number does not include pre-production period costs of $950,000). The total project cost is estimated at $132,500,000 or approximately $1.33 per gallon of annual denatured ethanol production capacity at 100 million gallons per year.
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
We are a development-stage Delaware limited liability company formed for the purpose of raising capital to develop, construct, own and operate a 100 million gallons per year dry mill corn-based ethanol plant near Fairmont, Nebraska. The ethanol plant is expected to annually process approximately 36 million bushels of corn per year into 100 million gallons of denatured fuel grade ethanol, 321,429 tons of dried distillers grains with solubles and 296,000 tons of raw carbon dioxide gas.
The following diagram depicts the plant we anticipate building:

Primary Product—Ethanol
Ethanol is a chemical produced by the fermentation of sugars found in grains and other biomass. Ethanol can be produced from a number of different types of grains, such as wheat and milo, as well as from agricultural waste products such as rice hulls, cheese whey, potato waste, brewery and beverage wastes and forestry and paper wastes. However, according to the Renewable Fuels Association, approximately 85 percent of ethanol in the United States today is produced from corn, and approximately 90 percent of ethanol is produced from a corn and other input mix. Corn produces large quantities of carbohydrates, which convert into glucose more easily than most other kinds of biomass. The U.S. Department of Energy estimated domestic ethanol production at approximately 3.25 billion gallons in 2004. We anticipate entering into an agreement with a company to market our ethanol.
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We anticipate that our business will be that of the production and marketing of ethanol and distillers dried grains. We do not have any other lines of business or other sources of revenue if we are unable to complete the construction and operation of the plant, or if we are not able to market ethanol and its by-products.
Description of Dry Mill Process
Our plant will produce ethanol by processing corn or possibly other raw grains such as grain sorghum or milo. The corn and other grains will be received by rail and by truck, then weighed and unloaded in a receiving building. It will then be transported to storage bins. Thereafter, it will be converted to a scalper to remove rocks and debris before it is transported to a hammermill or grinder where it is grounded into a mash and conveyed into a slurry tank for enzymatic processing. Then, water, heat and enzymes are added to break the ground grain into a fine slurry. The slurry will be heated for sterilization and pumped to a liquefaction tank where additional enzymes are added. Next, the grain slurry is pumped into fermenters, where yeast is added, to begin a batch fermentation process. A vacuum distillation system will divide the alcohol from the grain mash. Alcohol is then transported through a rectifier column, a side stripper and a molecular sieve system where it is dehydrated. The 200 proof alcohol is then pumped to farm shift tanks and blended with five percent denaturant, usually gasoline, as it is pumped into storage tanks. The 200 proof alcohol and five percent denaturant constitute ethanol.
Corn mash from the distillation stripper is pumped into one of several decanter-type centrifuges for dewatering. The water ("thin stillage") is then pumped from the centrifuges to an evaporator where it is dried into thick syrup. The solids that exit the centrifuge or evaporators (the "wet cake") are conveyed to the distillers dried grains dryer system. Syrup is added to the wet cake as it enters the dryer, where moisture is removed. The process will produce distillers grains, which is processed corn mash that can be used as animal feed.
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The following flow chart illustrates the dry mill process:
Source: Renewable Fuels Association

We expect that the ethanol production technology we will use in our plant will be supplied by Fagen, Inc. and/or ICM, Inc. and that they will either own the technology or have obtained any license to utilize the technology that is necessary.
Thermal Oxidizer
Ethanol plants such as ours may produce odors in the production of ethanol and its primary by-product, distillers dried grains with solubles, which some people may find to be unpleasant. We intend to eliminate odors by routing dryer emissions through thermal oxidizers. We expect thermal oxidation to significantly reduce any unpleasant odors caused by the ethanol and distillers grains manufacturing process. We expect thermal oxidation, which burns emissions, will eliminate a significant amount of the volatile organic carbon compounds in emissions that cause odor in the drying process and allow us to meet the applicable permitting requirements. We also expect this addition to the ethanol plant to reduce the risk of possible nuisance claims and any related negative public reaction against us.
By-Products
The principal by-product of the ethanol production process is distillers grains, a high protein, high-energy animal feed supplement primarily marketed to the dairy and beef industry and also to the poultry and swine markets. Distillers grains contain bypass protein that is superior to other protein supplements such as cottonseed meal and soybean meal. According to a 1986 study by the University of Nebraska reported in "Nebraska Company Extension Study MP51—Distillers Grains," bypass proteins
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are more digestible to the animal, thus generating greater lactation in milk cows and greater weight gain in beef cattle. Dry mill ethanol processing creates three forms of distillers grains: distillers wet grains with solubles ("distillers wet grains"), distillers modified wet grains with solubles ("distillers modified wet grains") and distillers dry grains. Distillers wet grains is processed corn mash that contains approximately 70% moisture and has a shelf life of approximately three days. Therefore, it can be sold only to farms within the immediate vicinity of an ethanol plant. Distillers modified wet grains are distillers wet grains that have been dried to approximately 50% moisture. It has a slightly longer shelf life of approximately three weeks and is often sold to nearby markets. Distillers dried grains are distillers wet grains that have been dried to 10% moisture. Distillers dried grains has an almost indefinite shelf life and may be sold and shipped to any market regardless of its proximity to an ethanol plant.
We plan to initially market our distillers grains to the local livestock poultry and swine markets surrounding the plant, however, if the local markets prove insufficient to absorb our distillers grains at the prices we desire, we will engage a company to market our distillers grains nationally.
The plant is expected to produce approximately 296,000 tons annually of raw carbon dioxide as another by-product of the ethanol production process. At this time, we do not intend to capture and market our carbon dioxide gas.
Corn Feedstock Supply
We anticipate that our plant will need approximately 36 million bushels of grain per year for our dry milling process. The corn supply for our plant will be obtained primarily from local markets. Traditionally, corn grown in the area has been fed locally to livestock or exported for feeding or processing. In the year 2004, in the nine county area surrounding the anticipated location of our plant, corn production was approximately 206 million bushels. The chart below describes the amount of corn grown in Fillmore and surrounding counties for 2000 through 2004:
County
| | 2004 Corn Production (bushels)
| | 2003 Corn Production (bushels)
| | 2002 Corn Production (bushels)
| | 2001 Corn Production (bushels)
| | 2000 Corn Production (bushels)
|
---|
Clay, NE | | 24,518,100 | | 23,195,000 | | 21,941,000 | | 23,235,000 | | 19,886,000 |
Fillmore, NE | | 29,080,600 | | 27,122,000 | | 23,981,000 | | 24,886,000 | | 23,944,000 |
Hamilton, NE | | 34,958,800 | | 34,891,000 | | 34,123,000 | | 32,212,000 | | 29,637,000 |
Jefferson, NE | | 12,312,000 | | 9,411,000 | | 7,358,000 | | 10,264,000 | | 7,332,000 |
Nuckolls, NE | | 10,730,000 | | 8,864,000 | | 7,377,000 | | 9,060,000 | | 6,789,000 |
Saline, NE | | 16,447,400 | | 13,228,000 | | 12,044,000 | | 13,192,000 | | 11,018,000 |
Seward, NE | | 22,425,400 | | 18,102,000 | | 14,304,000 | | 17,491,000 | | 15,604,000 |
Thayer, NE | | 18,658,800 | | 16,672,000 | | 14,389,000 | | 16,430,000 | | 13,186,000 |
York, NE | | 36,867,500 | | 34,973,000 | | 31,077,000 | | 32,978,000 | | 30,451,000 |
Total | | 205,998,600 | | 186,458,000 | | 166,594,000 | | 179,748,000 | | 157,847,000 |
We will be dependent on the availability and price of corn. The price at which we will purchase corn will depend on prevailing market prices. Although the area surrounding the plant produces a significant amount of corn and we do not anticipate problems sourcing corn, there is no assurance that a shortage will not develop, particularly if there are other ethanol plants competing for corn, an extended drought or other production problem. In addition, our financial projections assume that we can purchase grain for prices near the ten-year average for corn in the area of the plant. We have determined that the average price of corn in this same nine-county area over the last ten years is $2.36 per bushel.
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The following chart shows the ten-year average corn price in the nine-county area surrounding our plant:
County
| | 10-Year Average Corn Price ($/Bu.)
|
---|
Clay, NE | | $ | 2.36 |
Fillmore, NE | | $ | 2.36 |
Hamilton, NE | | $ | 2.38 |
Jefferson. NE | | $ | 2.35 |
Nuckolls, NE | | $ | 2.37 |
Saline, NE | | $ | 2.36 |
Seward, NE | | $ | 2.33 |
Thayer, NE | | $ | 2.37 |
York, NE | | $ | 2.37 |
Total / Avg. | | $ | 2.36 |
Grain prices are primarily dependent on world supply and demand and on U.S. and global corn crop production, which can be volatile as a result of a number of factors, the most important of which are weather, current and anticipated stocks and prices, export prices and supports and the government's current and anticipated agricultural policy. The price of grain has fluctuated significantly in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future. Because the market price of ethanol is not related to grain prices, ethanol producers are generally not able to compensate for increases in the cost of grain feedstock through adjustments in prices charged for their ethanol. We, therefore, anticipate that our plant's profitability will be negatively impacted during periods of high corn prices.
Grain origination and risk management
We anticipate establishing ongoing business relationships with local farmers and grain elevators to acquire the corn needed for the project. We have no contracts, agreements or understandings with any grain producer in the area. Although we anticipate procuring grains from these sources, there can be no assurance that such grains can be procured on acceptable terms, or if at all.
We expect to hire a commodities manager to ensure the consistent scheduling of corn deliveries and to establish and fill forward contracts through grain elevators. The commodities manager will utilize forward contracting and hedging strategies, including certain derivative instruments such as futures and option contracts, to manage our commodity risk exposure and optimize finished product pricing on our behalf. We anticipate that most of our grain will be acquired in this manner. We intend to use forward contracting and hedging strategies to help guard against price movements that often occur in corn markets. Hedging means protecting the price at which we buy corn and the price at which we will sell our products in the future. It is a way to attempt to reduce the risk caused by price fluctuation. The effectiveness of such hedging activities will depend on, among other things, the cost of corn and our ability to sell enough ethanol and distillers grains to use all of the corn subject to futures and option contracts we have purchased as part of our hedging strategy. Although we will attempt to link hedging activities to sales plans and pricing activities, such hedging activities themselves can result in costs because price movements in corn contracts are highly volatile and are influenced by many factors that are beyond our control. We may incur such costs and they may be significant.
Ethanol Demand and Supply
According to the Renewable Fuels Association, demand for fuel ethanol in the United States reached a new high in 2004 of 3.57 billion gallons per year. In its report titled, "Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005", the Renewable Fuels Association anticipates demand for ethanol to remain strong.
43
The supply of domestically produced ethanol is at an all-time high. In 2004, 81 ethanol plants located in 20 states produce a record 3.41 billion gallons, a 21% increase from 2003 and 109% increase from 2000. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, at the end of 2004, 16 plants and 2 major expansions were under construction, representing an additional 750 million gallons of production capacity. The following table shows 2005 projected U.S. ethanol production capacity by state:
Ethanol Production Capacity Ranked by State
(Largest to Smallest Production Capacity as of July 2005)
Rank
| | State
| | Ethanol Production Capacity (Million Gallons Per Year)
|
---|
1 | | Iowa | | 1,632.5 |
2 | | Illinois | | 816.0 |
3 | | Minnesota | | 523.6 |
4 | | Nebraska | | 523.0 |
5 | | South Dakota | | 458.0 |
6 | | Wisconsin | | 210.0 |
7 | | Kansas | | 164.5 |
8 | | Missouri | | 105.0 |
9 | | Indiana | | 102.0 |
10 | | North Dakota | | 83.5 |
11 | | Tennessee | | 67.0 |
12 | | Michigan | | 50.0 |
13 | | Colorado | | 43.5 |
14 | | California | | 31.4 |
15 | | New Mexico | | 30.0 |
15 | | Texas | | 30.0 |
16 | | Kentucky | | 27.0 |
17 | | Wyoming | | 5.0 |
18 | | Ohio | | 3.0 |
19 | | Washington | | 0.7 |
| | United States Total | | 4,905.7 |
Sources:Renewable Fuels Association, Washington, DC. Nebraska Energy Office, Lincoln, NE.
The ethanol industry is heavily dependent on several economic incentives to produce ethanol, including federal ethanol supports. The most recent ethanol supports are contained in the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which was signed into law on August 8, 2005 and is expected to favorably impact the ethanol industry by enhancing both the production and use of ethanol. The provision of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 likely to have the greatest impact on the ethanol industry is the creation of a 7.5 billion gallon Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS). The RFS will begin at 4 billion gallons in 2006, increasing to 7.5 billion gallons by 2012. The RFS is a national flexible program that does not require that any renewable fuels be used in any particular area or state, allowing refiners to use renewable fuel blends in those areas where it is most cost-effective. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, the bill is expected to lead to about $6 billion in new investment in ethanol plants across the country. An increase in the number of new plants will bring an increase in the supply of ethanol. Thus, while this bill may cause ethanol prices to increase in the short term due to additional demand, future supply could outweigh the demand for ethanol in the future. This would have a negative impact on our earnings. Alternatively, since the RFS begins at 4 billion gallons in 2006 and national production is expected to exceed this amount, there could be a short-term oversupply until the RFS requirements exceed national production. This would have an immediate adverse effect on our earnings.
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The following chart illustrates the RFS program adopted by the Energy Policy Act of 2005.

Source: American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE)
Historically, ethanol sales have also been favorably affected by the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990, particularly the Federal Oxygen Program which became effective November 1, 1992. The Federal Oxygen Program requires the sale of oxygenated motor fuels during the winter months in certain major metropolitan areas to reduce carbon monoxide pollution. Ethanol use has increased due to a second Clean Air Act program, the Reformulated Gasoline Program. This program became effective January 1, 1995, and requires the sale of reformulated gasoline in nine major urban areas to reduce pollutants, including those that contribute to ground level ozone, better known as smog. The two major oxygenates added to reformulated gasoline pursuant to these programs are MTBE and ethanol, however MTBE has been groundwater contamination and has been banned from use by many states. Although the Energy Policy Act of 2005 did not impose a national ban of MTBE, its failure to include liability protection for manufacturers of MTBE is expected to result in refiners and blenders using ethanol as an oxygenate rather than MTBE to satisfy the reformulated gasoline oxygenate requirement. While this may create increased demand in the short-term, we do not expect this to have a long term impact on the demand for ethanol as the Act repeals the Clean Air Act's 2% oxygenate requirement for reformulated gasoline immediately in California and 270 days after enactment elsewhere.
The use of ethanol as an alternative fuel source has been aided by federal tax policy. On October 22, 2004, President Bush signed H.R. 4520, which contained the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit ("VEETC") and amended the federal excise tax structure effective as of January 1, 2005. Prior to VEETC, ethanol-blended fuel was taxed at a lower rate than regular gasoline (13.2 cents on a 10% blend). Under VEETC, the ethanol excise tax exemption has been eliminated, thereby allowing the full federal excise tax of 18.4 cents per gallon of gasoline to be collected on all gasoline and allocated to the highway trust fund. This is expected to add approximately $1.4 billion to the highway trust fund revenue annually. In place of the exemption, the bill creates a new volumetric ethanol excise tax credit of 5.1 cents per gallon of ethanol blended at 10%. Refiners and gasoline blenders apply for this credit on the same tax form as before only it is a credit from general revenue, not the highway trust fund. Based on volume, the VEETC is expected to allow much greater refinery flexibility in blending ethanol since it makes the tax credit available on all ethanol blended with all gasoline, diesel and ethyl tertiary butyl ether ("ETBE"), including ethanol in E-85 and the E-20 in Minnesota. The VEETC is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2010.
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The Energy Policy Act of 2005 expands who qualifies for the small ethanol producer tax credit. Historically, small ethanol producers were allowed a 10-cents-per-gallon production income tax credit on up to 15 million gallons of production annually. The size of the plant eligible for the tax credit was limited to 30 million gallons. Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 the size limitation on the production capacity for small ethanol producers increases from 30 million to 60 million gallons. The credit can be taken on the first 15 million gallons of production. The tax credit is capped at $1.5 million per year per producer. We anticipate that our annual production will exceed production limits of 60 million gallons per year and that we will be ineligible for the credit.
In addition, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 creates a new tax credit that permits taxpayers to claim a 30% credit (up to $30,000) for the cost of installing clean-fuel vehicle refueling equipment, such as an E85 fuel pump, to be used in a trade or business of the taxpayer or installed at the principal residence of the taxpayer. Under the provision, clean fuels are any fuel of at least 85% of the volume of which consists of ethanol, natural gas, compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and hydrogen and any mixture of diesel fuel and biodiesel containing at least 20% biodiesel. The provision is effective for equipment placed in service December 31, 2005 and before January 1, 2010. While it is unclear how this credit will affect the demand for ethanol in the short term, we expect it will help raise consumer awareness of alternative sources of fuel and could positively impact future demand for ethanol.
Ethanol supply is also affected by ethanol produced or processed in certain countries in Central America and the Caribbean region. Ethanol produced in these countries is eligible for tariff reduction or elimination upon importation to the United States under a program known as the Caribbean Basin Initiative ("CBI"). Large ethanol producers, such as Cargill, have expressed interest in building dehydration plants in participating Caribbean Basin countries, such as El Salvador, which would convert ethanol into fuel-grade ethanol for shipment to the United States. Ethanol imported from Caribbean Basin countries may be a less expensive alternative to domestically produced ethanol. The International Trade Commission recently announced the 2005 CBI import quota of 240.4 million gallons of ethanol. Last year, legislation was introduced in the Senate that would limit the transshipment of ethanol through the CBI. It is possible that similar legislation will be introduced this year, however, there is no assurance or guarantee that such legislation will be introduced or that it will be successfully passed. Enactment of the legislation would decrease the total supply of ethanol in the U.S. market relative to demand and increase domestic prices.
The ethanol industry and our business depend upon continuation of the federal ethanol supports discussed above. These incentives have supported a market for ethanol that might disappear without the incentives. Alternatively, the incentives may be continued at lower levels than at which they currently exist. The elimination or reduction of such federal ethanol supports would make it more costly for us to sell our ethanol and would likely reduce our net income and the value of your investment.
Ethanol Markets in General
Ethanol has important applications. Primarily, ethanol can be used as an oxygenate capable of reducing air pollution and improving automobile performance. The ethanol industry is heavily dependent on several economic incentives to produce ethanol.
Local ethanol markets
Local markets will be limited and must typically be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Although local markets will be the easiest to service, they may be oversold, which depresses the ethanol price.
Regional ethanol markets
Typically, a regional market is one that is outside of the local market, yet within the neighboring states. This market will likely be serviced by rail, and is within a 450-mile radius of the ethanol plant.
46
Because ethanol use results in less air pollution than regular gasoline, regional markets typically include large cities that are subject to anti-smog measures in either carbon monoxide or ozone non-attainment areas, such as Chicago, St. Louis, Denver, and Minneapolis.
Generally, the regional market is good business to develop. The freight is reasonable, the competition, while aggressive, is not too severe, and the turn-around time on rail cars is favorable. Regional pricing tends to follow national pricing less the freight difference. As with national markets, the use of a group-marketing program or a broker is advantageous, especially in the first one to three years of operation.
In addition to rail, we may try to service this market by truck. Occasionally, there are opportunities to obtain backhaul rates from local trucking companies. These are rates that are reduced since the truck is loaded both ways. Normally, the trucks drive to the refined fuels terminals empty and load gasoline product for delivery. A backhaul is the opportunity to load the truck with ethanol to return to the terminal.
National ethanol markets
According to the Renewable Fuels Association, demand for fuel ethanol in the United States reached a new high in 2004 of 3.57 billion gallons per year. In its report titled, "Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005", the Renewable Fuels Association anticipates demand for ethanol to remain strong. The passage of the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit ("VEETC"), is expected to provide the flexibility necessary to expand ethanol blending into higher blends of ethanol such as E85, E diesel and fuel cell markets. In addition, the recent implementation of a Renewable Fuels Standard contained in the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which was signed into law on August 8, 2005 is expected to favorably impact the ethanol industry by enhancing both the production and use of ethanol.
Historically, ethanol sales have also been favorably affected by the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990, particularly the Federal Oxygen Program which became effective November 1, 1992. The Federal Oxygen Program required the sale of oxygenated motor fuels during the winter months in certain major metropolitan areas to reduce carbon monoxide pollution. Ethanol use increased due to a second Clean Air Act program, the Reformulated Gasoline Program. This program became effective January 1, 1995, and required the sale of reformulated gasoline in nine major urban areas to reduce pollutants, including those that contribute to ground level ozone, better known as smog. The two major oxygenates added to reformulated gasoline pursuant to these programs are MTBE and ethanol, however MTBE has been groundwater contamination and has been banned from use by many states. After implementing a methyl tertiary butyl ether ("MTBE") ban to curtail further water contamination, the states of California, New York and Connecticut now account for more than 1.4 billion gallons of annual ethanol demand. Twenty- four other state legislatures have phased out MTBE.
Although the Energy Policy Act of 2005 did not impose a national ban of MTBE, its failure to include liability protection for manufacturers of MTBE is expected to result in refiners and blenders using ethanol as an oxygenate rather than MTBE to satisfy the reformulated gasoline oxygenate requirement. While this may create increased demand in the short-term, we do not expect this to have a long term impact on the demand for ethanol as the Act also repeals the Clean Air Act's 2% oxygenate requirement for reformulated gasoline immediately in California and 270 days after enactment elsewhere.
Project Location , Proximity to Markets and Our Primary Competition
We currently lease commercial office space from an unrelated third party. Our business office is located at 137 North 8th Street, Geneva, Nebraska. We pay monthly rent of $700.00 and the term of our lease is up to and including December 31, 2006.
We anticipate building our plant near Fairmont, Nebraska, in southeastern Nebraska.We reserve the right, in the sole discretion of our board of directors, to select a different location for the plant. We have
47
purchased four real estate options. Two of these options make up our primary plant site. The remaining two options make up our alternative site, which is approximately one mile from our primary site. On February 7, 2005, we acquired a real estate option from Duane V. Lott, a resident of Nebraska, to purchase approximately 87 acres of land near Fairmont, Nebraska. We paid $5,000 for this option. Under the option agreement, we may purchase approximately 87 acres at a total purchase price of $478,500.00. We have until August 1, 2006 to exercise the option.
On February 18, 2005, we acquired a real estate option from WDB, Inc., a Nebraska corporation, to purchase between 75 and 112 acres of land near Fairmont, Nebraska. We paid $10,000 for this option. This option allows us to purchase between 75 and 112 acres for $6,000 per acre. We have until August 1, 2006 to exercise this option. In connection with this real estate option, we entered into a Planting Agreement for Crop Year 2005 with Bettger Brothers Partnership on March 28, 2005. Under this Planting Agreement, Bettger Brothers Partnership agrees to plant soybeans on the property subject to the option granted by WDB, Inc. for crop year 2005 and agrees not to plant seed corn or commercial corn. In exchange, we have agreed to pay Bettger Brothers Partnership $150 per plantable acre for loss of potential profit.
On April 26, 2005, we acquired a real estate option from Doris Gwen Ogden to purchase approximately 148 acres in Fillmore County, Nebraska. We paid $10,000 for this option. This option agreement allows us to purchase approximately 148 acres for a total purchase price of $740,000. We have until August 1, 2006 to exercise this option.
On April 13, 2005 we acquired a real estate option from L&K Land, Inc. to purchase approximately 103 acres in Fillmore County, Nebraska. We paid $5,000 for this option. Under this option, we may purchase approximately 103 acres for $566,500.00. We have until August 1, 2006 to exercise this option. Each of these options allows us to apply the option price towards the total purchase price in the event we exercise the option.
We selected our anticipated primary plant site because of the site's location relative to existing grain production, accessibility to road and rail transportation, and its proximity to major population centers. The site is near the mainline BNSF railroad. In addition, the site is also in close proximity the intersection of U.S. Highways 6 and 81.
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The map below shows the approximate location of our proposed primary plant site:

There can be no assurance that we will not encounter hazardous conditions at the plant site. We are relying on Fagen, Inc. to determine the adequacy of the site for construction of the ethanol plant. We may encounter hazardous conditions at the chosen site that may delay the construction of the ethanol plant. We do not expect that Fagen, Inc. will be responsible for any hazardous conditions encountered at the site. Upon encountering a hazardous condition, Fagen, Inc. may suspend work in the affected area. If we receive notice of a hazardous condition, we may be required to correct the condition prior to continuing construction. The presence of a hazardous condition will likely delay construction of the ethanol plant and may require significant expenditure of our resources to correct the condition. In addition, it is anticipated that Fagen, Inc. will be entitled to an adjustment in price if it has been adversely affected by the hazardous condition. If we encounter any hazardous conditions during construction that require time or money to correct, such event may have a material adverse effect on our operations, cash flows and financial performance.
Transportation and delivery
The plant is expected to have the facilities to receive grain by truck and rail and to load ethanol and distillers grains onto trucks and rail cars. In terms of freight rates, rail is considerably more cost effective than truck transportation to the more distant markets. We expect that the BNSF Railroad will provide rail service to the proposed site. However, we will still need to establish rail access directly to the plant from the main rail line if we proceed with the purchase of our primary site. We are negotiating the purchase of a rail spur and right of way near this site. We may or may not be successful in these negotiations. Our cost of rail infrastructure is currently estimated at approximately $3,110,000. This estimate may change depending on whether or not we are able to purchase the rail spur and right
49
of way or that if we do if the purchase is on favorable terms. We are in the process of applying for a low interest loan or grant for rail infrastructure costs, through the Nebraska Light Rail Assistance Program. We have not yet received a grant or entered into any written agreements for this low interest loan and there is no assurance that we will do so.
We have engaged TranSystems Corporation of Kansas City, Missouri, to assist us with the rail engineering and design services necessary to install rail infrastructure for a 100 million gallons per year ethanol plant.
Our Primary Competition
The local market within the state of Nebraska is currently oversold. Nebraska currently has 11 ethanol plants producing an aggregate of 523 million gallons of ethanol per year. In addition, there are a number of ethanol plants in Nebraska under construction or in the planning stage. This includes a 50 million gallons per year plant currently planned for Adams, Nebraska, which is approximately 60 miles from our anticipated plant site.
We expect that it will be necessary to market our ethanol primarily on a regional and national basis. We anticipate that we will be able to reach the best available market through the use of an experience ethanol marketer and by the truck and rail delivery methods we expect to utilize.
We expect our regional market to include the surrounding states of South Dakota, Colorado, Kansas, and Missouri. The Renewable Fuels Association indicates that South Dakota has current annual production capacity of 458 million gallons, Colorao has current annual production capacity of 45 million gallons, Kansas has current annual production capacity of 164.5 million gallons, and Missouri has current annual production capacity of 105 million gallons. We also expect that additional ethanol producers will enter the market if the demand for ethanol continues to increase. Although we believe that the regional market is not currently oversold, we anticipate that we will also need to market our ethanol on a national basis.
According to the table below provided by the Renewable Fuels Association, on a national level there are numerous other production facilites with which we will be in direct competition, many of whom have greater resources than we do. Our plant will compete with other ethanol producers on the basis of price, and to a lesser extent, delivery service. We believe that we can compete favorably with other ethanol producers due to our proximity to ample grain supplies at favorable prices.
According to the Renewable Fuels Association, during the last 20 years, ethanol production capacity in the United States has grown from almost nothing to an estimated 4 billion gallons per year and plans to construct new plants or to expand existing plants have been announced which would increase capacity by approximately 1.1 billion gallons per year. This increase in capacity may continue in the future. We cannot determine the effect of this type of an increase upon the demand or price of ethanol.
The table below provided by the Renewable Fuels Association reflects that the ethanol industry has grown nationally to approximately 85 production facilities in the United States. The largest ethanol producers include Abengoa Bioenergy Corp., Archer Daniels Midland Company ("ADM"), Aventine Renewable Energy, Inc., Cargill, Inc., New Energy Corp. and VeraSun Energy Corporation, all of which are capable of producing more ethanol than we expect to produce. In addition, ADM recently announced that it intends to increase its ethanol production capacity by 500 million gallons. There are also several regional entities recently formed, or in the process of formation, of similar size and with similar resources to ours.
The following table identifies most of the producers in the United States along with their production capacities.
50
U.S. FUEL ETHANOL PRODUCTION CAPACITY
million gallons per year (mmgy)
COMPANY
| | LOCATION
| | FEEDSTOCK
| | Current Capacity (mmgy)
| | Under Construction/ Expansions (mmgy)
|
---|
Abengoa Bioenergy Corp. | | York, NE | | Corn/milo | | 55 | | |
| | Colwich, KS | | | | 25 | | |
| | Portales, NM | | | | 30 | | |
ACE Ethanol, LLC | | Stanley, WI | | Corn | | 30 | | |
Adkins Energy, LLC* | | Lena, IL | | Corn | | 40 | | |
AGP* | | Hastings, NE | | Corn | | 52 | | |
Agra Resources Coop. d.b.a EXOL* | | Albert Lea, MN | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Agri-Energy, LLC* | | Luverne, MN | | Corn | | 21 | | |
Alchem Ltd. LLLP | | Grafton, ND | | Corn | | 10.5 | | |
Al-Corn Clean Fuel* | | Claremont, MN | | Corn | | 30 | | |
Amaizing Energy, LLC*^ | | Denison, IA | | Corn | | | | 40 |
Archer Daniels Midland | | Decatur, IL | | Corn | | 1070 | | |
| | Cedar Rapids, IA | | Corn | | | | |
| | Clinton, IA | | Corn | | | | |
| | Columbus, NE | | Corn | | | | |
| | Marshall, MN | | Corn | | | | |
| | Peoria, IL | | Corn | | | | |
| | Wallhalla, ND | | Corn/barley | | | | |
Aventine Renewable Energy, Inc. | | Pekin, IL | | Corn | | 100 | | |
| | Aurora, NE | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Badger State Ethanol, LLC* | | Monroe, WI | | Corn | | 48 | | |
Big River Resources, LLC * | | West Burlington, IA | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Broin Enterprises, Inc. | | Scotland, SD | | Corn | | 9 | | |
Bushmills Ethanol*^ | | Atwater, MN | | Corn | | | | 40 |
Cargill, Inc. | | Blair, NE | | Corn | | 85 | | |
| | Eddyville, IA | | Corn | | 35 | | |
Central MN Ethanol Coop* | | Little Falls, MN | | Corn | | 20.5 | | |
Central Wisconsin Alcohol | | Plover, WI | | Seed corn | | 4 | | |
Chief Ethanol | | Hastings, NE | | Corn | | 62 | | |
Chippewa Valley Ethanol Co.* | | Benson, MN | | Corn | | 45 | | |
Commonwealth Agri-Energy, LLC* | | Hopkinsville, KY | | Corn | | 23 | | |
Corn, LP*^ | | Goldfield, IA | | Corm | | | | 50 |
Corn Plus, LLP* | | Winnebago, MN | | Corn | | 44 | | |
Dakota Ethanol, LLC* | | Wentworth, SD | | Corn | | 50 | | |
DENCO, LLC* | | Morris, MN | | Corn | | 21.5 | | |
East Kansas Agri-Energy, LLC* | | Garnett, KS | | Corn | | 35 | | |
ESE Alcohol Inc. | | Leoti, KS | | Seed corn | | 1.5 | | |
Ethanol2000, LLP* | | Bingham Lake, MN | | Corn | | 30 | | |
Frontier Ethanol, LLC^ | | Gowrie, IA | | Corn | | | | 60 |
Front Range Energy, LLC^ | | Windsor, CO | | Corn | | | | 40 |
Glacial Lakes Energy, LLC* | | Watertown, SD | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Golden Cheese Company of California* | | Corona, CA | | Cheese whey | | 5 | | |
Golden Grain Energy L.L.C.* | | Mason City, IA | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Golden Triangle Energy, LLC* | | Craig, MO | | Corn | | 20 | | |
Grain Processing Corp. | | Muscatine, IA | | Corn | | 20 | | |
Granite Falls Energy, LLC^ | | Granite Falls, MN | | Corn | | | | 45 |
Great Plains Ethanol, LLC* | | Chancellor, SD | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Hawkeye Renewables, LLC | | Iowa Falls, IA | | Corn | | 45 | | 50 |
| | Fairbank, IA | | Corn | | | | 100 |
Heartland Corn Products* | | Winthrop, MN | | Corn | | 36 | | |
Heartland Grain Fuels, LP* | | Aberdeen, SD | | Corn | | 9 | | |
| | Huron, SD | | Corn | | 12 | | 18 |
Horizon Ethanol, LLC^ | | Jewell, IA | | Corn | | | | 60 |
Husker Ag, LLC* | | Plainview, NE | | Corn | | 24 | | |
Illinois River Energy, LLC^ | | Rochelle, IL | | Corn | | | | 50 |
Iowa Ethanol, LLC* | | Hanlontown, IA | | Corn | | 55 | | |
Iroquois Bio-Energy Company, LLC^ | | Rensselaer, IN | | Corn | | | | 40 |
James Valley Ethanol, LLC | | Groton, SD | | Corn | | 50 | | |
KAAPA Ethanol, LLC* | | Minden, NE | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Land O' Lakes* | | Melrose, MN | | Cheese whey | | 2.6 | | |
Lincolnland Agri-Energy, LLC* | | Palestine, IL | | Corn | | 40 | | |
51
Lincolnway Energy, LLC*^ | | Nevada, IA | | Corn | | | | 50 |
Liquid Resources of Ohio | | Medina, OH | | Waste beverage | | 3 | | |
Little Sioux Corn Processors, LP* | | Marcus, IA | | Corn | | 49 | | |
Merrick/Coors | | Golden, CO | | Waste beer | | 1.5 | | |
MGP Ingredients, Inc. | | Pekin, IL | | Corn/wheat starch | | 78 | | |
| | Atchison, KS | | | | | | |
Michigan Ethanol, LLC | | Caro, MI | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Mid-Missouri Energy, Inc.* | | Malta Bend, MO | | Corn | | 45 | | |
Midwest Grain Processors* | | Lakota, IA | | Corn | | 50 | | 45 |
| | Riga, MI | | Corn | | | | 57 |
Midwest Renewable Energy, LLC | | Sutherland, NE | | Corn | | 15 | | |
Minnesota Energy* | | Buffalo Lake, MN | | Corn | | 18 | | |
New Energy Corp. | | South Bend, IN | | Corn | | 102 | | |
North Country Ethanol, LLC* | | Rosholt, SD | | Corn | | 20 | | |
Northeast Missouri Grain, LLC* | | Macon, MO | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Northern Lights Ethanol, LLC* | | Big Stone City, SD | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Northstar Ethanol, LLC^ | | Lake Crystal, MN | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Otter Creek Ethanol, LLC* | | Ashton, IA | | Corn | | 55 | | |
Panhandle Energies of Dumas, LP^ | | Dumas, TX | | Corn/Grain Sorghum | | | | 30 |
Parallel Products | | Louisville, KY | | Beverage Waste | | 5.4 | | |
| | R. Cucamonga, CA | | | | | | |
Permeate Refining | | Hopkinton, IA | | Sugars & starches | | 1.5 | | |
Phoenix Biofuels | | Goshen, CA | | Corn | | 25 | | |
Pine Lake Corn Processors, LLC* | | Steamboat Rock, IA | | Corn | | 20 | | |
Platte Valley Fuel Ethanol, L.L.C. | | Central City, NE | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Pro-Corn, LLC* | | Preston, MN | | Corn | | 40 | | |
Prairie Horizon Agri-Energy, LLC^ | | Phillipsburg, KS | | Corn | | | | 40 |
Quad-County Corn Processors* | | Galva, IA | | Corn | | 23 | | |
Red Trail Energy, LLC^ | | Richardton, ND | | Corn | | | | 50 |
Reeve Agri-Energy | | Garden City, KS | | Corn/milo | | 12 | | |
Siouxland Energy & Livestock Coop* | | Sioux Center, IA | | Corn | | 22 | | |
Sioux River Ethanol, LLC* | | Hudson, SD | | Corn | | 55 | | |
Sterling Ethanol, LLC^ | | Sterling, CO | | Corn | | | | 42 |
Tall Corn Ethanol, LLC* | | Coon Rapids, IA | | Corn | | 49 | | |
Tate & Lyle | | Loudon, TN | | Corn | | 67 | | |
The Anderson Albion Ethanol LLC^ | | Albion, MI | | Corn | | | | 55 |
Trenton Agri Products, LLC | | Trenton, NE | | Corn | | 30 | | |
United WI Grain Producers, LLC* | | Friesland, WI | | Corn | | 40 | | |
US BioEnergy Corp. ^ | | Albert City, IA | | Corn | | | | 100 |
| | Lake Odessa, MI | | Corn | | | | 45 |
U.S. Energy Partners, LLC | | Russell, KS | | Milo/wheat starch | | 40 | | |
Utica Energy, LLC | | Oshkosh, WI | | Corn | | 48 | | |
VeraSun Energy Corporation | | Aurora, SD | | Corn | | 120 | | |
VeraSun Fort Dodge, LLC^ | | Ft. Dodge, IA | | Corn | | | | 110 |
Voyager Ethanol, LLC* | | Emmetsburg, IA | | Corn | | 50 | | |
Western Plains Energy, LLC* | | Campus, KS | | Corn | | 45 | | |
Western Wisconsin Renewable Energy, LLC*^ | | Boyceville, WI | | Corn | | | | 40 |
Wind Gap Farms | | Baconton, GA | | Brewery Waste | | 0.4 | | |
Wyoming Ethanol | | Torrington, WY | | Corn | | 5 | | |
Xethanol BioFuels, LLC | | Blairston, IA | | Corn | | 5 | | |
Total Existing Capacity | | | | | | 4075.4 | | |
| | | | | |
| | |
Total Under Construction/ Expansions | | | | | | | | 1147.0 |
| | | | | | | |
|
Total Capacity | | | | | | 5222.4 | | |
| | | | | |
| | |
* | | farmer-owned | | Renewable Fuels Association |
^ | | under construction | | Last Updated: September 2005 |
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Competition from Alternative Fuels
Alternative fuels and alternative ethanol production methods are continually under development. The major oil companies have significantly greater resources than we have to develop alternative products and to influence legislation and public perception of ethanol. New ethanol products or methods of ethanol production developed by larger and better-financed competitors could provide them competitive advantages and harm our business.
Ethanol Pricing
The following chart illustrates the historical relationship between the price of crude oil, retail gasoline and ethanol:

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Ethanol price histories for the nearby regional markets for our proposed plant are presented in the following table:
Ethanol Average Prices
|
---|
State
| | City
| | 5 Year 1999-2003
| | 3 Year 2001-2003
| | 1 Year 2003
| | Recent 52 Weeks 01/13/05
|
---|
CO | | Denver | | $ | 1.32 | | $ | 1.37 | | $ | 1.35 | | $ | 1.78 |
NE | | Lincoln | | $ | 1.28 | | $ | 1.32 | | $ | 1.31 | | $ | 1.71 |
KS | | Kansas City | | $ | 1.27 | | $ | 1.31 | | $ | 1.31 | | $ | 1.70 |
| | Average | | $ | 1.29 | | $ | 1.33 | | $ | 1.32 | | $ | 1.73 |
Source: Hart's Renewable-Fuel News
Historic prices may not be indicative of future prices. On March 23, 2005, the Chicago Board of Trade ("CBOT") launched the CBOT Denatured Fuel Ethanol futures contract. The new contract is designed to address the growing demand for an effective hedging instrument for domestically produced ethanol. Since we expect to engage a third party marketing firm to sell all of our ethanol we do not expect to directly use the new ethanol futures contract. However, it is possible that any ethanol marketing firm we engage may use the new ethanol futures contracts to manage ethanol price volatility.
Utilities
The production of ethanol is a very energy intensive process that uses significant amounts of electricity and natural gas. Water supply and quality are also important considerations. On April 5, 2005, we entered into an Energy Management Agreement and an Agency Authorization Agreement with U.S. Energy Services, Inc. to manage our energy supplies for our ethanol plant. As a part of this agreement, U.S. Energy Services, Inc. has agreed to solicit bids and negotiate, execute and administer energy supply contracts, interstate transportation contracts and LDC transportation contracts on our behalf. We plan to enter into agreements with local gas, electric, and water utilities to provide our needed energy and water. There can be no assurance that those utilities will be able to reliably supply the gas, electricity, and water that we need.
If there is an interruption in the supply of energy or water for any reason, such as supply, delivery, or mechanical problems, we may be required to halt production. If production is halted for an extended period of time, it may have a material adverse effect on our operations, cash flows, and financial performance.
Natural gas
In order to operate a 100 million gallon ethanol plant, Advanced BioEnergy will require 3,000,000 MMBTU of natural gas per year. The plant will produce process steam from its own boiler system and dry the distillers dried grains by-product via a direct gas-fired dryer. U.S. Energy has identified three possible natural gas providers that could supply gas to the plant and is currently soliciting bids from suppliers and existing gas distribution utilities to build, operate, manage and maintain our natural gas services. The price we will pay for natural gas has not yet been determined. Recently, natural gas prices increased sharply as Hurricane Katrina devastated operations and impacted infrastructure on the Gulf Coast. Natural gas prices have risen from approximately $3.006.50/mcf mmbtu to nearly approximately $5.0012.00/mcf. mmbtu.
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Source: Energy Information Administration
There is still considerable uncertainty as to the extent of infrastructure damage and the ultimate amount of lost production from Hurricane Katrina. Therefore, we are uncertain as to how Hurricane Katrina will impact long term natural gas prices.
Electricity
In the State of Nebraska, electricity is supplied by Nebraska Public Power District, a utility owned by the people of Nebraska. In the region where the ethanol plant will be located, Nebraska Public Power District is the generation and transmission wholesaler to the local public power district, Perennial Public Power District. We have not entered into any agreements with Nebraska Public Power District or Perennial Public Power District to provide electricity to the site. We have entered into an agreement with U.S. Energy Services, Inc. to help manage our energy supplies. Electric power for the ethanol plant site has been investigated by U.S. Energy regarding capacity and reliability in the region for the plant's peak demand of approximately 9MW. Nebraska Public Power District high voltage transmission lines are located less than a mile from the proposed site of our ethanol plant. U.S. Energy is negotiating to access these lines. The price at which we will be able to purchase electric services has not yet been determined, however, preliminary estimates on the delivered cost of electricity are from $0.037 to $0.0385 per kWh.
Water
We will require approximately 1,100,000 gallons per day, or approximately 775 gallons per minute, of water. We anticipate that we will have adequate water supply from the agricultural wells located on the primary and alternate site. Each site has two agricultural wells that are currently used for pivot irrigation purposes. These wells will have to be converted from agricultural to industrial uses prior to our use. Depending on water quality, we may have to drill one additional deeper well to mix water with the supply in place.
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Much of the water used in an ethanol plant is recycled back into the process. There are, however, certain areas of production where fresh water is needed. Those areas include boiler makeup water and cooling tower water. Boiler makeup water is treated on-site to minimize all elements that will harm the boiler and recycled water cannot be used for this process. Cooling tower water is deemed non-contact water because it does not come in contact with the mash, and, therefore, can be regenerated back into the cooling tower process. The makeup water requirements for the cooling tower are primarily a result of evaporation. Depending on the type of technology utilized in the plant design, much of the water can be recycled back into the process, which will minimize the discharge water. This will have long-term effect of lowering wastewater treatment costs. Many new plants today are zero or near zero effluent facilities. We anticipate our plant design incorporating a bio-methanator wastewater treatment process resulting in a zero discharge of plant process water. The bio-methanator system that we intend to use is designed and constructed by Phoenix Bio-Systems. The bio-methanator is a water recovery system that allows the plant to be a zero process water discharge facility. It is currently used in 38 plants in states such as Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Kansas and Illinois. The bio-methanator is a biological and anaerobic process that removes the organic acid from reclaimed water, which in turn comes from the evaporator condensate. Organic acid is a byproduct of yeast fermentation, and if the water was returned back to the cook process without its removal, it would reduce the effectiveness of the yeast's ability to promote fermentation, which would lower our ethanol yield. The result of the biological processes produces biogas, or methane, which is used as fuel in the drying process. Although we have no knowledge of any failures of a bio-methanator, we have no assurance that it will perform as anticipated and any failures would cause a decrease in our ethanol yield.
Employees
Prior to completion of the plant construction and commencement of operations, we intend to hire approximately 45 full-time employees. Approximately five of our employees will be involved primarily in management and administration and the remainder will be involved primarily in plant operations. As of the date of this prospectus, we have two full-time hourly office employees.
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The following table represents some of the anticipated positions within the plant and the minimum number of individuals we expect will be full-time personnel:
Position
| | # Full-Time Personnel
|
---|
General Manager | | 1 |
Plant Manager | | 1 |
Bookkeeper | | 1 |
Secretary | | 1 |
Commodity Specialist | | 1 |
Lab Manager | | 1 |
Lab Assistant | | 2 |
Utilities, Maintenance and Safety Manager | | 1 |
Licensed Boiler Operator | | 2 |
Welder | | 1 |
Electrician | | 1 |
Electrician Technician | | 1 |
Maintenance Worker | | 4 |
Production Team Leaders | | 6 |
Team Production I | | 6 |
Team Production II | | 6 |
Rail Attendant | | 2 |
Truck Attendant | | 4 |
Grain Sampling & Records | | 1 |
Entry Level Floater | | 2 |
| TOTAL | | 45 |
The positions, titles, job responsibilities and number allocated to each position may differ when we begin to employ individuals for each position.
We intend to enter into written confidentiality and assignment agreements with our officers and employees. Among other things, these agreements will require such officers and employees to keep all proprietary information developed or used by us in the course of our business strictly confidential.
Our success will depend in part on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel at a competitive wage and benefit level. We must hire qualified managers, accounting, human resources and other personnel. We operate in a rural area with low unemployment. There is no assurance that we will be successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel at a wage and benefit structure at or below those we have assumed in our project. If we are unsuccessful in this regard, we may not be competitive with other ethanol plants and your investment may lose value.
Strategic Partners
Fagen, Inc.
We have entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Fagen, Inc. in connection with the design, construction and operation of the proposed plant. We also entered into a Phase I and Phase II Engineering Services Agreement with a related entity, Fagen, Engineering, LLC, to perform certain engineering and design work. Fagen, Inc. was founded by Ron Fagen, CEO and President, and originally began in 1972 as Fagen-Pulsifer Building, Inc. It became Fagen, Inc. in 1988. Fagen, Inc. has more than 25 years experience in the ethanol industry and been involved in the construction of more ethanol plants than any other company in this industry. Fagen. Inc. employed over 1000 construction workers last year and employs approximately 120 personnel at its headquarters and two regional offices. The family-owned company posted $315 million in sales in fiscal year 2004. It is expected that fiscal
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year 2005 sales will top $375 million. Fagen, Inc. continues to design and construct a number of ethanol plants around the country. Fagen, Inc.'s other construction commitments could cause Fagen, Inc. to run out of sufficient resources to timely construct our plant. This could result in construction delays if Fagen, Inc. is not able to perform according to the timetable we anticipate.
Fagen Engineering, LLC was formed in 1996 to assist Fagen, Inc. with the construction process. Fagen Engineering LLC is a full-service design engineering firm. Fagen, Inc. and Fagen Engineering, LLC are both owned by Ron Fagen.
The expertise of Fagen, Inc. in integrating process and facility design into a construction and operationally efficient facility is very important. Fagen, Inc. also has knowledge and support to assist our management team in executing a successful start-up. Fagen has also expressed an interest in making a significant equity investment. However, Fagen, Inc. has no legal obligation to do so and they may decide not to make an investment at all. If they do make a future investment, we do not know what the amount of investment will be, what criteria they will consider important or if they will buy registered units as part of this offering. Fagen, Inc. is a meaningful project participant because of its potential investment in our project and its desire to facilitate the project's successful transition from start-up to day-to-day profitable operation.
Letter of intent with Fagen, Inc.
We have executed a letter of intent with Fagen, Inc. who has agreed to enter into good faith negotiations with us to prepare definitive agreements for financial, design and construction services. We have not entered into a legally binding design-build agreement. We expect to pay Fagen, Inc. $98,000,000 in exchange for the following services:
- •
- Providing a preliminary design and construction schedule and a guaranteed maximum price for the design and construction of the plant;
- •
- Assisting us with site evaluation and selection;
- •
- Designing and building the plant; and
- •
- Assisting us in locating appropriate operational management for the plant.
We will be responsible for fees and expenses related to financing, such as printing and publication expenses, legal fees, ratings, credit enhancements, trustee or agent fees and any registration fees.
Phase I and Phase II Engineering Services Agreement with Fagen Engineering, LLC
Although, we have not yet entered into a design-build agreement with Fagen, Inc., we have executed a Phase I and Phase II Engineering Services Agreement with Fagen Engineering, LLC an entity related to our design-builder Fagen, Inc. for the performance of certain engineering and design work. Fagen Engineering, LLC performs the engineering services for projects constructed by Fagen, Inc. In exchange for the following engineering and design services, we have agreed to pay Fagen Engineering, LLC $92,500, which will be credited against the total design build costs:
- •
- Phase I design package consisting of the engineering and design of the plant site, including the following drawings:
- •
- Cover sheet
- •
- Property layout drawing
- •
- Grading, drainage and erosion control plan drawing
- •
- Roadway alignment drawing
- •
- Culvert cross sections and details
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- •
- Phase II design package consisting of the engineering and design of site work and utilities for the plant, including the following:
- •
- Cover sheet
- •
- Property layout and drawing
- •
- Site grading and drainage drawing
- •
- Roadway alignment
- •
- Utility layout (fire loop)
- •
- Utility layout (potable water)
- •
- Utility layout (well water)
- •
- Utility layout (sanitary sewer)
- •
- Utility layout (utility water blowdown)
- •
- Utility layout (natural gas)
- •
- Geometric layout
- •
- Site utility piping tables drawing
- •
- Tank farm layout drawing
- •
- Tank farm details drawing
- •
- Sections and details drawing (if required)
- •
- Miscellaneous details drawing (if required)
ICM, Inc.
We have not entered into any legally binding agreements with ICM, Inc. ICM, Inc. is a full-service engineering, manufacturing and merchandising firm based in Colwich, Kansas and founded in 1995 by President and CEO, Dave Vander Griend. Based on discussions we have had with both Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. and provisions found in our Letter of Intent with Fagen, Inc., we expect that ICM, Inc. will serve as the principal subcontractor for the plant and to provide the process engineering operations for Fagen, Inc. ICM, Inc.'s merchandising operation currently procures and markets various grain products. We have also entered into a binding agreement with ICM, Inc. to provide environmental consulting services on a time and materials basis.
ICM, Inc. has been involved in the research, design and construction of ethanol plants for many years. Principals of ICM, Inc. each have over 20 years of experience in the ethanol industry and have been involved in the design, fabrication and operations of many ethanol plants. ICM employs over 100 engineers, professional and industry experts, 35 craftsmen, welders and painters and 30 full-time field employees that oversee the process. IMC, Inc. has been involved in sixty ethanol plant projects. At least twenty of the projects involved a partnership between IMC, Inc. and Fagen, Inc. Again, Fagen, Inc. generally uses ICM, Inc. as part of its design team. Fagen, Inc. and ICM, Inc. could lack the capacity to serve our plant due to the increased number of plants that they are designing and building at any one time. In addition, due to the large number of plants that ICM, Inc. is currently designing, ICM, Inc. may not be able to devote as much time to the advancement of new technology as other firms that have more available personnel resources.
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Construction and timetable for completion of the project
Assuming this offering is successful, and we are able to complete the debt portion of our financing, we estimate that the project will be completed approximately 15 months after we close on this offering. This schedule further assumes that two months of detailed design will occur prior to closing and a 15 month construction schedule followed by two months of commissioning. During the period of commissioning, we expect preliminary testing, training of personnel and start-up of operations at our plant to occur. This schedule also assumes that bad weather, and other factors beyond our control do not upset our timetable as there is no additional time built into our construction schedule for unplanned contingencies. There can be no assurance that the timetable that we have set will be followed, and factors or events beyond our control could hamper our efforts to complete the project in a timely fashion.
Regulatory Permits
We will be subject to extensive air, water and other environmental regulations and we will need to obtain a number of environmental permits to construct and operate the plant. In addition, it is likely that our senior debt financing will be contingent on our ability to obtain the various required environmental permits. We have engaged ICM, Inc. to coordinate and assist us with obtaining all environmental permits, and to advise us on general environmental compliance. We are anticipating that Fagen, Inc. will be responsible for all necessary construction permits.
Of the permits described below, we must obtain the Minor Construction Permit for air emissions and the Construction Storm Water Discharge Permit prior to starting construction. The remaining permits will be required shortly before or shortly after we can begin to operate the plant. If for any reason any of these permits are not granted, construction costs for the plant may increase, or the plant may not be constructed at all. In addition to the state requirements, the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") could impose conditions or other restrictions in the permits that are detrimental to us or which increase permit requirements or the testing protocols and methods necessary to obtain a permit either before, during or after the permitting process. The State of Nebraska and the EPA could also modify the requirements for obtaining a permit. Any such event would likely have a material adverse impact on our operations, cash flows and financial performance.
Even if we receive all required permits from the State of Nebraska, we may also be subject to regulations on emissions from the EPA. Currently, the EPA's statutes and rules do not require us to obtain separate EPA approval in connection with the construction and operation of the proposed plant. Additionally, environmental laws and regulations, both at the federal and state level, are subject to change, and changes can be made retroactively. It is possible that more stringent federal or state environmental rules or regulations could be adopted, which could increase our operating costs and expenses. It also is possible that federal or state environmental rules or regulations could be adopted that could have an adverse effect on the use of ethanol. For example, changes in the environmental regulations regarding ethanol's use due to currently unknown effects on the environment could have an adverse effect on the ethanol industry. Consequently, even if we have the proper permits at the present time, we may be required to invest or spend considerable resources to comply with future environmental regulations or new or modified interpretations of those regulations to the detriment of our financial performance.
Minor construction permit for air emissions
Our preliminary estimates indicate that this facility will be considered a minor source of regulated air pollutants. There are a number of emission sources that are expected to require permitting. These sources include the boiler, ethanol process equipment, storage tanks, scrubbers, and baghouses. The types of regulated pollutants that are expected to be emitted from our plant include PM10, CO, NOx
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and VOCs. The activities and emissions mean that we are expected to obtain a minor construction permit for the facility emissions. Because of regulatory requirements, we anticipate that we will agree to limit production levels to a certain amount, which may be slightly higher than the production levels described in this document (currently projected at 100 million gallons per year at the nominal rate with the permit at a slightly higher rate) in order to avoid having to obtain Title V air permits. These production limitations will be a part of the minor construction permit. If we exceed these production limitations, we could be subjected to very expensive fines, penalties, injunctive relief and civil or criminal law enforcement actions. Exceeding these production limitations could also require us to pursue a Title V air permit. There is also a risk that further analysis prior to construction, a change in design assumptions or a change in the interpretation of regulations may require us to file for a Title V air permit. If we must obtain a Title V air permit, then we will experience significantly increased expenses and a significant delay in obtaining a subsequently sought Title V air permit. There is also a risk that the State might reject a Title V air permit application and request additional information, further delaying startup and increasing expenses. Even if we obtain a minor construction permit prior to construction, the air quality standards may change, thus forcing us to later apply for a Title V air permit. There is also a risk that the area in which the plant is situated may be determined to be a nonattainment area for a particular pollutant. In this event, the threshold standards that require a Title V permit may be changed, thus requiring us to file for and obtain a Title V air permit. The cost of complying and documenting compliance should a Title V air permit be required is also higher. It is also possible that in order to comply with applicable air regulations or to avoid having to obtain a Title V permit, we would have to install additional air pollution control equipment such as additional or different scrubbers.
Air pollution standard
There are a number of standards which may affect the construction and operation of the plant going forward. The Prevention of Significant Deterioration ("PSD") regulation creates more stringent and complicated permit review procedures for construction permits. It is possible, but not expected, that the plant may exceed applicable PSD levels for NOx, CO, and VOCs.
Waste Water National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permits (INPDES Permits)
We expect that we will use water to cool our closed circuit systems in the proposed plant. Although the water in the cooling system will be re-circulated to decrease facility water demands, a certain amount of water will be continuously replaced to make up for evaporation and to maintain a high quality of water in the cooling tower. In addition, there will be occasional blowdown water that will have to be discharged. The exact details regarding the source of water and the amount of non-process and other wastewater that needs to be discharged will not be known until tests confirm the water quality and quantity for the site. Although unknown at this time, the quality and quantity of the water source and the specific requirements imposed by the Nebraska DEQ for discharge will materially affect the financial performance of the Company. We expect to apply for a Nebraska Pretreatment Permit (NPP) for the discharge of the non-process waste water. We expect to file for a permit to allow the discharge of wastewater from a manufacturing or commercial operation. We expect to apply for a NPDES wastewater construction site permit prior to construction. This permit will require submission of plans and specifications with the Nebraska DEQ. We do not expect to require a permit for the land application or discharge of process wastewater based on the design proposed by our engineers. On June 15, 2005, we engaged HDR Engineering, Inc. to provide us with Waste Management option screening and to assist us in obtaining these permits, however, there can be no assurances that these permits will be granted to us. If these permits are not granted, then our plant may not be allowed to operate. However, we anticipate receiving the permits because Nebraska has no statute or regulation governing or limiting the withdrawal of water from wells, and because we will not be transferring water from one water district or basin to another, no well withdrawal permit will be sought or required.
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Storm Water Discharge Permit and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Program (General NPDES Permits)
Before we can begin construction of our proposed ethanol plant, we must obtain a construction storm water discharge permit from the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality ("General Permit NER 100000"). This permit application must be filed 90 days before construction begins. In connection with this permit, we must have a Pollution Prevention Plan in place that outlines various measures we plan to implement to prevent storm water pollution. The plan must be submitted, but need not be approved by the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality. We anticipate, but there can be no assurances, that we will be able to obtain a General Permit NER 100000. We must also file a separate application for a General Permit NER000000 for industrial storm water discharges. The application for the General Permit for industrial storm water discharges, NER000000, must be filed 24 hours prior to the start of operations. We anticipate, but there can be no assurances, that we will be able to obtain a General Permit NER000000 storm water discharge permit. Our agreement with HDR Engineering, Inc. includes providing assistance to us in obtaining this permit.
New source performance standards
The plant will be subject to New Source Performance Standards for both the plant's distillation processes and the storage of volatile organic compounds used in the denaturing process. These duties include initial notification, emissions limits, compliance, monitoring requirements, and record keeping requirements.
Spill prevention, control, and countermeasures plan
Before we can begin operations, we must prepare and implement a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure ("SPCC") plan in accordance with federal guidelines. This plan will address oil pollution prevention regulations and must be reviewed and certified by a professional engineer. The SPCC must be reviewed and updated every three years.
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Requirements
Because ethanol is made from potentially human-consumable alcohol, we must comply with applicable Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms regulations before we can begin operations. These regulations require that we first make application for and obtain an alcohol fuel producer's permit. The application must include information identifying the principal persons involved in our venture and a statement as to whether any of them have ever been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor under federal or state law. The term of the permit is indefinite until terminated, revoked or suspended. The permit also requires that we maintain certain security measures. We must also secure an operations bond. There are other taxation requirements related to special occupational tax and a special stamp tax. We expect to apply for this permit prior to commencement of construction of the plant.
Risk management plan
We are currently in the process of determining whether anhydrous ammonia or aqueous ammonia will be used in our production process. Under the Clean Air Act, stationary sources with processes that contain more than a threshold quantity of a regulated substance are required to prepare and implement a Risk Management Plan. If we use anhydrous ammonia, we must establish a plan to prevent spills or leaks of the ammonia and an emergency response program in the event of spills, leaks, explosions or other events that may lead to the release of the ammonia into the surrounding area. The same requirement may also be true for denaturant. This determination will be made as soon as the exact chemical makeup of the denaturant is obtained. We will need to conduct a hazardous assessment and prepare models to assess the impact of an ammonia and/or denaturant release into the surrounding area. The program will be presented at one or more public meetings. However, if we use aqueous
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ammonia, the risk management program will only be needed for the denaturant. In addition, it is likely that we will have to comply with the prevention requirements under OSHA's Process Safety Management Standard. These requirements are similar to the Risk Management Plan requirements. The Risk Management Plan should be filed before use.
Environmental Protection Agency
Even if we receive all Nebraska environmental permits for construction and operation of the plant, we will also be subject to oversight activities by the EPA. There is always a risk that the EPA may enforce certain rules and regulations differently than Nebraska's environmental administrators. Nebraska or EPA rules and regulations are subject to change, and any such changes may result in greater regulatory burdens.
Nuisance
Ethanol production has been known to produce an odor to which surrounding residents could object. Ethanol production may also increase dust in the area due to operations and the transportation of grain to the plant and ethanol and distillers dried grains from the plant. Such activities may subject us to nuisance, trespass, or similar claims by employees or property owners or residents in the vicinity of the plant. To help minimize the risk of nuisance claims based on odors related to the production of ethanol and its by-products, we intend to install a thermal oxidizer in the plant. See "DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS—Thermal Oxidizer" for additional information. Nonetheless, any such claims or increased costs to address complaints may have a material adverse effect on us, our operations, cash flows, and financial performance.
We are not currently involved in any litigation involving nuisance or any other claims.
Endangered Species
Nebraska's Nongame and Endangered Species Conservation Act requires that the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources review a proposed site to determine if it will have a negative impact on endangered species. It is possible that this review will result in requirements being imposed in order to reduce or eliminate the impact on an endangered or threatened species. It is possible that such requirements might increase costs and reduce our profitability and the value of your investment.
Archeological and Historical Sites
The State Historic Preservation Office of the Nebraska State Historical Society will be asked to review the site plan and proposed use of the site to determine if it will negatively impact any archeological or historical site. It is possible that this review will result in requirements being imposed in order to reduce or eliminate the impact on an archaeological or historical site. It is possible that such requirements might increase costs and reduce our profitability and the value of your investment.
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DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that our initial board of directors will be comprised of no fewer than three and no more than 13 members. However, at the first annual or special meeting of the members following the date on which substantial operations of the ethanol plant commences, the number of directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine. The initial board of directors will serve until the first annual or special meeting of the members following the date on which substantial operations of the ethanol plant commences. The amended and restated operating agreement provides that if the reduction in the number of directors at the first annual or special meeting requires the removal of any director, John T. Porter, Robert W. Holmes and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall not be included in the directors removed at that time. The amended and restated operating agreement further provides for a staggered board of directors, where, upon the expiration of the initial board, the first group of directors shall serve for one year, the second group shall serve for two years, and the third group shall serve for three years. The successors for each group of directors shall be elected for a 3-year term and at that point, one-third of the total number of directors will be elected by the members each year. The directors shall be placed into groups by resolution of the initial board of directors prior to the expiration of the initial term. Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that John T. Porter will be in Group I; Robert W. Holmes will be in Group II; and Revis L. Stephenson, III will be in Group III. The groups for the remaining directors will be determined at a later date.
Identification of Directors, Executive Officers and Significant Employees
The following table shows our directors and officers as of the date of this prospectus:
Board Member
| | Office
|
---|
Revis L. Stephenson, III | | Chairman and Director |
Robert W. Holmes | | Treasurer and Director |
Larry L. Cerny | | Secretary and Director |
Troy Otte | | Director |
John E. Lovegrove | | Director |
Robert E. Bettger | | Director |
John T. Porter | | Director |
Richard W. Hughes | | Director |
Keith E. Spohn | | Director |
Business Experience of Directors and Officers
The following is a brief description of the business experience and background of our officers and directors.
Revis L. Stephenson III, Chairman—Age 39, 1850 Fox Ridge Road, Orono, MN. Mr. Stephenson has 15 years experience in the investment industry. During his career he has gained experience in the public and private markets where his responsibilities included placement of equity and debt, assisting with structuring, and pricing. Mr. Stephenson been Vice President Institutional Sales, for the fixed income originations group of a New York based financial services firm since June of 2002. Prior to that, he was Vice President Investments for MJSK Securities for 5 years. He was also with Piper Jaffray Inc., where he left as Managing Director, Investments, for 7 years before joining MJSK Securities. Mr. Stephenson received a bachelors of Science from the University of Minnesota in Economics. Mr. Stephenson has served as our director since our inception.
Robert W. Holmes, Treasurer—Age 58, 206 Dawnee Street, Tomah, WI.Mr. Holmes founded Timberwood Bank in 2003, where he is currently Chairman of the Board, President and a principal
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shareholder. For 5 years prior, he managed an insurance agency which he also founded.Mr. Holmes has served as our director since our inception.
Larry L. Cerny, Secretary—Age 64, 810 N 8th Street., Geneva, NE.Mr. Cerny owned and operated a supermarket in Geneva for 35 years. He was part-owner of supermarkets in Minden, Waverly, Falls City, Hickman, and Neligh, NE, and Sabetha, KS. In 1972, he co-founded Geotechnical Services Inc., a geotech and environmental engineering firm, with offices in Omaha, Lincoln, and Grand Island, NE, Wichita, KS, and Des Moines, IA where Mr.Cerny has served as Chairman of the Board for the past 20 years.Mr. Cerny has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
Robert E. Bettger, Director—Age 57, 910 9th Street, Fairmont, NE.For the past 5 years, Mr. Bettger has owned and operated a farm near Fairmont that consists of 5000 acres of irrigated corn and soybeans, including hybrid seed production for Pioneer Hybrid International.Mr. Bettger has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
Richard W. Hughes, Director—Age 52, 810 N 1st St., Geneva, NE.For the past 5 years, Mr. Hughes has owned and operated a family farm in the Geneva area consisting of 1500 acres of corn and soybeans. Mr. Hughes is active in Boy Scouts and Rotary Club.Mr. Hughes has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
John E. Lovegrove, Director—Age 50, 902 Road F, Fairmont, NE. Mr. Lovegrove has been a life long farmer in Fillmore County, NE. He operates a family farm along with two brothers consisting of 8000 acres of irrigated corn, soybeans and Pioneer Hy-Brid International seed corn. Mr. Lovegrove has been a member of the Fairmont School Board and active on the Community Church Board.Mr. Lovegrove has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
Troy Otte, Director—Age 37, 429 Florida Court, York, NE. Mr. Otte has been an active farmer in the Fillmore County, NE area since 1990. His current operation consists of 1600 acres of corn, soybeans, and wheat, with both irrigated and dry land acres.Mr. Otte has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
John T. (Jack) Porter, Director—Age 64, 4424 South 179th Street, Omaha, NE.Mr. Porter and Paul Casper are equal owners of BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC a South Dakota Limited Liability Company, which they formed in January of 2004. BioEnergy Capital Consultants specializes in providing consulting services to ethanol plants. BioEnergy Capital Consultants has provided services to eight other ethanol plants, which are currently under construction or in the process of raising capital. In 2003, Mr. Porter worked for Value Add Ventures, a company which provides project development and equity consulting to ethanol plants, and from 2000 through 2002 he had his own agricultural consulting firm called Evergreen Consulting Group.Mr. Porter has served as our director since our inception.
Keith E. Spohn, Director—Age 56, 706 Road C, Friend, NE. Mr. Spohn has been farming since 1969. For the past 5 years his farming operations have included 4,000 acres of corn, soybeans and seed corn. Mr. Spohn has served as our director since April 6, 2005.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our units as of the date of this prospectus, by each person or entity known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of the outstanding units:
Title of Class
| | Name and Address
| | Amount and nature of beneficial owner
| | Percent of Class
| |
---|
Membership Unit | | Revis L. Stephenson, III 1850 Fox Ridge Road Orono, MN 55356 | | 205,000 | | 32.8 | % |
Membership Unit | | Holmes Residuary Trust(1) 206 Dawnee Street Tomah, WI 54660 | | 115,000 | | 18.4 | % |
Membership Unit | | BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC(2) 44095 212th Street Lake Preston, SD 57249 | | 50,000 | | 8.0 | % |
- (1)
- Our director, Robert W. Holmes, is the creator of the Holmes Residuary Trust.
- (2)
- Our director, John T. Porter, and Paul Casper are the principal owners of BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC.
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Security Ownership of Management
As of the date of this prospectus, our directors and officers own membership units as follows:
UNITS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
| |
| |
| |
| | Percentage of Total After the Offering(2)
| |
---|
| |
| | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Owner(1)
| |
| |
---|
Title of Class
| | Name and Address of Beneficial Owner
| | Percent of Class Prior to Offering
| | Maximum Units Sold in Offering
| | Minimum Units Sold in Offering
| |
---|
Membership Units | | Revis L. Stephenson, III 1850 Fox Ridge Road Orono, MN 55356 | | 205,000 | (3) | 32.8 | % | 2.8 | % | 5.1 | % |
Membership Units | | Robert W. Holmes(4) 206 Dawnee Street Tomah, WI 54660 | | 115,000 | (5) | 18.4 | % | 1.6 | % | 2.9 | % |
Membership Units | | John T. Porter(6) 44095 212th Street Lake Preston, SD 57249 | | 50,000 | (7) | 8.0 | % | 0.68 | % | 1.3 | % |
Membership Units | | Troy Otte 429 Florida Court York, NE 68467 | | 19,500 | | 3.1 | % | 0.27 | % | 0.49 | % |
Membership Units | | Richard Hughes(9) 801 N. 1st Geneva, NE 68361 | | 19,500 | | 3.1 | % | 0.27 | % | 0.49 | % |
Membership Units | | Robert Bettger 910 9th Avenue Fairmont, NE 68354 | | 18,000 | | 2.9 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.45 | % |
Membership Units | | John E. Lovegrove 902 Road F Fairmont, NE 68354 | | 18,000 | | 2.9 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.45 | % |
Membership Units | | Larry L. Cerny(8) 810 N. Street Geneva, NE 68361 | | 15,000 | | 2.4 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.38 | % |
Membership Units | | Keith Spohn 706 County Road C Friend, NE 68359 | | 15,000 | | 2.4 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.38 | % |
Membership Units | | All Directors and Officers as a Group | | 475,000 | | 76.0 | % | 6.5 | % | 11.94 | % |
- (1)
- Includes the units issued to the directors and officers through the close of the seed capital private placement on April 14, 2005; the units distributed to directors and officers in the unit distribution to all of our unit holders; and units issued to directors and officers in exchange for consulting and project development services.
- (2)
- Assumes no additional purchases in this offering.
- (3)
- Includes restricted units.
- (4)
- Units are owned by the Holmes Residuary Trust and Robert Holmes, our director, is the creator of the trust.
- (5)
- Includes restricted units.
- (6)
- Units are owned by BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC and John T. Porter, our director, is a principal owner of that business.
- (7)
- Includes restricted units.
- (8)
- Units are owned by the Larry L. Cerny Trust and Larry L. Cerny, our director, is the creator of the trust.
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- (9)
- Units are owned by Richard and Kay Hughes.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Revis L. Stephenson, III is currently serving as our chairman and Robert W. Holmes is currently serving as our Treasurer. We entered into a project development fee agreement with Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes, to pay them together, a total fee equal to one percent of the total project cost. Based on our current estimated project cost of $132,500,000, we currently estimate the total fee we will pay at $1,325,000 or 132,500 units. We have already transferred 125,000 of these units to Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop Advanced BioEnergy. We may be obligated to pay additional units to Mr. Stephenson upon substantial completion of the project if the actual total cost of the project exceeds $125,000,000. Likewise, Mr. Stephenson may be required to forfeit units back to Advanced BioEnergy if the actual total project cost is less than $125,000,000.
These 125,000 membership units are subject to the following restrictions:
- •
- upon the dissolution, bankruptcy or insolvency of Advanced BioEnergy generally to pay debts as they become due, or an assignment by Advanced BioEnergy for the benefit of creditors, or the commencement of any case or proceeding in respect of Advanced BioEnergy under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similarly laws, Mr. Holmes and Mr. Stephenson shall return the restricted units to Advanced BioEnergy without payment of consideration by Advanced BioEnergy and the restricted units shall be deemed to have been forfeited by Mr. Holmes and Mr. Stephenson;
- •
- upon voluntary resignation as a member of Advanced BioEnergy's board of directors by Mr. Holmes and/or Mr. Stephenson, Mr. Holmes and/or Mr. Stephenson shall return the restricted units to Advanced BioEnergy without payment of consideration by Advanced BioEnergy and such restricted units shall be deemed to have been forfeited by Mr. Holmes and/or Mr. Stephenson; and
- •
- the restricted units may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, encumbered or otherwise alienated or hypothecated unless the restrictions have lapsed.
All of the above restrictions on the units shall lapse on the date upon which our ethanol plant begins producing ethanol for sale. Additionally, the number of units subject to the restriction concerning voluntary resignation of Mr. Stephenson and/or Mr. Holmes shall be reduced by one-third following the filing of this Form SB-2, the execution of definitive debt financing documents, and the production of ethanol for sale.
These units and others received by Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes in the distribution of 2 units for every one unit issued and outstanding, are also subject to an agreement executed by Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes wherein they have agreed that the units are subject to restrictions on transfer up to May 10, 2008.
We entered into a consulting agreement with BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, Lake Preston, South Dakota, as a project development consultant. BioEnergy Capital Consultants is owned and operated by one of our directors, John T. Porter, along with Paul Casper of Lake Preston, South Dakota. In exchange for services and as provided in our agreement, we transferred 2,500 unrestricted membership units in Advanced BioEnergy to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC. Following our previous seed capital private placement, we performed a unit distribution to all unit holders, including BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC equal to two additional membership units for every one membership unit issued and outstanding. Subsequent to performing this distribution, BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC received an additional 42,500 membership units in Advanced BioEnergy for a total of 50,000 membership units. The additional 42,500 membership units are restricted and will be returned to
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Advanced BioEnergy without payment of consideration if construction of the ethanol plant has not commenced on or before December 31, 2007 and if Advanced BioEnergy is no longer actively pursuing the ethanol plant project, or if Advanced BioEnergy files Articles of Dissolution prior to beginning construction of the ethanol plant.
These arrangements could cause Mr. Porter, Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes conflicts of interest in decision-making related to our financing plan. These conflicts could threaten our ability to capitalize the project if these directors put their personal interests ahead of our best interests related to funding the project.
Employment Agreements
In the future, we may enter into employment agreements with our executive officers or other employees that we may hire. Any employment agreement with any officer or director will be approved by a majority of independent directors.
Reimbursement of Expenses
We reimburse our officers and directors for expenses incurred in connection with their service. Our reimbursement policy is to reimburse our officers and directors for out-of-pocket expenses.
INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that none of our directors or members will be liable to us for any breach of their fiduciary duty. This could prevent both us and our unit holders from bringing an action against any director for monetary damages arising out of a breach of that director's fiduciary duty or negligent business decisions. This provision does not affect possible injunctive or other equitable remedies to enforce a director's duty of loyalty for acts or omissions not taken in good faith, involving misconduct or a knowing violation of the law, or for any transaction from which the director derived an improper financial benefit. It also does not eliminate or limit a director's liability for participating in unlawful payments or distributions or redemptions, or for violations of state or federal securities laws. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the small business issuer pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is contrary to public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, and is, therefore, unenforceable.
No director of Advanced BioEnergy shall be personally liable to Advanced BioEnergy or its members for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty by such director; provided that the provision shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director for the following: (1) receipt of an improper financial benefit to which the director is not entitled; (2) liability for receipt of distributions in violation of the articles of organization, operating agreement, or the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act; (3) a knowing violation of law; or (4) acts or omissions involving fraud, bad faith or misconduct. To the maximum extent permitted under the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act and other applicable law, Advanced BioEnergy, its receiver, or its trustee (however in the case of a receiver or trustee only to the extent of Company property) is required to indemnify, save, and hold harmless and pay all judgments and claims against each director relating to any liability or damage incurred by reason of any act performed or omitted to be performed by such director or officer in connection with the business of Advanced BioEnergy. The indemnification includes reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by a director or officer in connection with the defense of any action based on covered acts or omissions. Attorneys' fees may be paid as incurred, including those for liabilities under federal and state securities laws, as permitted by law. To the maximum extent permitted by law, in the event of an action by a unit holder against any director, including a derivative suit, we must indemnify, hold
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harmless and pay all costs, liabilities, damages and expenses of the director, including attorneys' fees incurred in the defense of the action. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, no director shall be indemnified by Advanced BioEnergy in contradiction of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act. Advanced BioEnergy may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person in his or her official capacity against any liability asserted against and incurred by the person arising from the capacity, regardless of whether Advanced BioEnergy would otherwise be required to indemnify the person against the liability.
Generally, under Delaware law, a member or manager is not personally obligated for any debt or obligation of a company solely because they are a member or manager of a company. However, Delaware law allows a member or manager to agree to become personally liable for any or all debts, obligations, and liabilities if the operating agreement provides. Our operating agreement provides that no member or director of Advanced BioEnergy shall be personally liable for any debt, obligation or liability solely by reason of being a member or director or both.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Transactions with Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes
Revis L. Stephenson, III is currently serving as our chairman and Robert W. Holmes is currently serving as our Treasurer. We entered into a project development fee agreement with Revis L. Stephenson, III and Robert W. Holmes for the payment of a development fee equal to one percent of the total project cost which is currently estimated at $1,325,000 or 132,500 units. Following completion of our seed capital private placement, we paid these two directors a development fee equal to 125,000 restricted membership units in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop our company. These units are restricted pursuant to the Project Development Fee Agreement between us and Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes and pursuant to the Lock-Up Agreement. We may be obligated to pay additional units to Mr. Stephenson upon substantial completion of the project if the actual total cost of the project exceeds $125,000,000. Likewise, Mr. Stephenson may be required to forfeit units back to Advanced BioEnergy if the actual total project cost is less than $125,000,000. The terms of our agreement with Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes may or may not be as favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties. However, a majority of our independent directors approved this agreement with Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes abstaining. This included at least two directors who have no interest in the transaction and had access to our legal counsel. We believe that all future transactions with Mr. Stephenson and Mr. Holmes will be no less favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties and will also be approved by the majority of independent directors.
Robert W. Holmes is currently the president of our primary bank depository, Timberwood Bank of Tomah, Wisconsin. The terms of our arrangements with Timberwood Bank may or may not be as favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties. However, a majority of our independent directors ratified this agreement including at least two directors who have no interest in the transaction and had access to our legal counsel. We believe that all future transactions will be no less favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties and will also be approved by the majority of independent directors.
Transaction with BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC
We entered into a consulting agreement with BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, Lake Preston, South Dakota, as a project development and equity consultant. BioEnergy Capital Consultants is owned and operated by one of our directors, John T. Porter, along with Paul Casper of Lake Preston, South Dakota. Upon execution of the agreement and in anticipation of the receipt of consulting services we transferred 2,500 unrestricted membership units to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC. Following our
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previous seed capital private placement, we performed a unit distribution to all of our unit holders, including BioEnergy Capital Consultants equal to two membership units for every one membership unit issued and outstanding. Subsequent to the distribution of two units for every one unit issued and outstanding, BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC received an additional 42,500 membership units for a total of 50,000 membership units. In exchange, BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC provided, and is continuing to provide to us, assistance with negotiation of various contracts, assistance in the planning of our equity marketing effort, and assistance in securing debt financing services up until the date of the closing of a loan transaction to finance construction of the project. The additional 42,500 membership units are restricted and will be returned to us without payment of consideration if construction of the ethanol plant has not commenced on or before December 31, 2007, and if we are no longer actively pursuing the ethanol plant project, or if we file Articles of Dissolution prior to beginning construction of the Project. The entire 50,000 units are subject to a Lock-Up Agreement that restricts transfer of the units until May 10, 2005. In addition, we agreed to pay to BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC, $1,500.00 weekly up until the equity drive has been completed and, thereafter, $375.00 daily for certain identified services.
The terms of our agreement with BioEnergy Capital Consultants may or may not be as favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties. However, a majority of our independent directors approved this agreement with BioEnergy Capital Consultants. This included at least two directors who have no interest in the transaction and had access to our legal counsel. We believe that all future transactions with BioEnergy Capital Consultants will be no less favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties and will also be approved by the majority of independent directors.
Transactions with WDB, Inc. and Bettger Brothers Partnership
We acquired an option to purchase real estate from WDB, Inc., which is owned in part by one of our directors, Robert Bettger. We paid $10,000 for the option which allows us to purchase between 75 and 112 acres for $6,000 per acre. The real estate makes up a portion of our anticipated plant site. In connection with this real estate option, we entered into a planting agreement with Bettger Brothers Partnership, which is also owned in part by Robert Bettger, wherein Bettger Brothers Partnership. In that agreement, Bettger Brothers Partnership agreed to change its planned crop rotation and plant soybeans for the crop year 2006 instead of hybrid seed corn in exchange for our agreement to compensate them for associated lost profits. We would not have had the ability to access the site if it was planted with hybrid seed corn due to the nature of the crop. By this agreement, we gained the access to the property that we will require in order to prepare the site for construction.
These agreements may or may not be as favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties. However, a majority of our independent directors ratified these agreement including at least two directors who have no interest in the transaction and had access to our legal counsel. We believe that all future transactions will be no less favorable to us as those generally available from unaffiliated third parties and will also be approved by the majority of independent directors.
Transactions with Directors in Seed Capital Offering
During our seed capital offering we issued membership units to certain investors, some of who were directors and some who later became directors. These membership units were issued in exchange
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for payment of the purchase price of $10.00 per membership unit. The number of units purchased by each of our current initial directors and the purchase price paid is detailed in the chart below.
Name of Member
| | Number of Units Purchased in Seed Capital Offering
| | Purchase Price
|
---|
Revis L. Stephenson, III | | 35,000 | | $ | 350,000 |
Holmes Residuary Trust | | 30,000 | | $ | 300,000 |
Robert E. Bettger | | 6,000 | | $ | 60,000 |
Larry L. Cerny Trust | | 5,000 | | $ | 50,000 |
Richard W. Hughes | | 6,500 | | $ | 65,000 |
John E. Lovegrove | | 6,000 | | $ | 60,000 |
Troy Otte | | 6,500 | | $ | 65,000 |
Keith E. Spohn | | 5,000 | | $ | 50,000 |
| |
| |
|
Total | | 100,000 | | $ | 1,000,000 |
- *
- Does not include any units issued to our directors as a part of the subsequent distribution of two units for every one unit issued and outstanding. Also does not include any units issued to Revis L. Stephenson, III, the Holmes Residuary Trust, or BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC in exchange for services provided to the Company.
The per unit price paid by our initial directors in the seed capital offering is the same price that the units were offered to other investors in our seed capital offering. A majority of our directors approved the subscription agreements executed by each of our initial directors for the purchase of these membership units.
Lock-Up Agreement with Revis Stephenson III, Holmes Residuary Trust and BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC.
We have entered into a Lock-Up Agreement with Revis Stephenson, III, the Holmes Residuary Trust and BioEnergy Capital Consultants as a condition of registering units in the state of Nebraska. The Lock-Up Agreement restricts certain transfers of certain units owned by these parties prior to May 10, 2008. The agreement restricts transfers of 170,000 units owned by Revis Stephenson, III, 85,000 units owned by the Holmes Residuary Trust and 50,000 units owned by BioEnergy Capital Consultants. Under the Lock-Up Agreement, these parties agreed to put a restrictive legend in the unit certificates and file the agreement with the Company. The Lock-Up Agreement does not impair the unit holders voting rights or rights to receive distributions associated with these units.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Before purchasing any units, an investor must execute a subscription agreement, a promissory note and security agreement and sign our amended and restated operating agreement. Our amended and restated operating agreement is attached as exhibit B to this prospectus. The subscription agreement, promissory note and security agreement, and signature page are attached as exhibit C to this prospectus. The subscription agreement will contain, among other provisions, an acknowledgement that the investor received a prospectus, and that the investor agrees to be bound by our amended and restated operating agreement. All subscriptions are subject to approval by our directors and we reserve the right to reject any subscription agreement. See "PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION UNITS—Suitability of Investors, Subscription Period and Subscription Procedure."
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The Offering
We are offering, on a best efforts basis, a maximum of 6,735,500 units and a minimum of 3,366,250 units at a purchase price of $10 per unit. You must purchase a minimum of 2,500 units to participate in the offering. Following the initial minimum purchase, you may purchase additional units in increments of 100 units. Our board of directors determined the offering price for the units arbitrarily, without any consultation with third parties. The offering price of the units is not, therefore, based on customary valuation or pricing techniques for new issuances. We anticipate our directors, as listed on page 7 of this prospectus, will sell our units in this offering, without the use of an underwriter. We will not pay commissions to our directors for these sales. Our directors will rely on the safe harbor from broker-dealer registration set out in Rule 3a4-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We will rely on similar safe harbors from broker-dealer registration in Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. We will register as an issuer-dealer in Florida and Nebraska, and have registered issuer-dealer agents in those states and also in Kansas.
Our minimum offering amount is $33,662,500 and our maximum offering amount is $67,325,000. The offering will close upon the earliest occurrence of (1) our acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the maximum amount of $67,325,000; (2) on November 10, 2006. However, we may close the offering any time after the acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the minimum amount of $33,662,500; or (3) we may elect to abandon or terminate the offering. After the offering, there will be 7,357,500 units issued and outstanding if we sell the maximum number of units offered in this offering and 3,991,250 units issued and outstanding if we sell the minimum number of units offered in this offering. This includes 625,000 units previously issued in our seed capital private placement.
Our directors and officers will be allowed to purchase the units that are being offered. These units may be purchased for the purpose of satisfying the minimum amount of units required to close the offering. Units purchased by these individuals and entities will be subject to the same restrictions regarding transferability as described in this prospectus and our amended and restated operating agreement, and will, therefore, be purchased for investment, rather than resale.
You should not assume that we will sell the $33,662,500 minimum only to unaffiliated third party investors. We may sell units to affiliated or institutional investors that may acquire enough units to influence the manner in which we are managed. These investors may influence the business in a manner more beneficial to them than to other investors.
We plan to register the offering in the following states: Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin, state securities regulatory bodies. We may also offer or sell our units in other states in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the laws of those other states. However, we may not generally solicit investors in any jurisdictions other than Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wisconsin. This limitation may result in the offering being unsuccessful.
We are expecting to incur expenses, including organization costs and pre production period costs in the amount of approximately $2,610,000 to complete this offering.
Suitability of Investors
Investing in the units offered hereby involves a high degree of risk. Accordingly, the purchase of units is suitable only for persons of substantial financial means that have no need for liquidity in their investments and can bear the economic risk of loss of any investment in the units. Units will be sold only to persons that meet these and other requirements. You cannot invest in this offering unless you meet one of the following suitability tests: (1) you have annual income from whatever source of at least $45,000 and you have a net worth of at least $45,000 exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles; or (2) you have a net worth of at least $100,000 exclusive of home, furnishings and
73
automobiles. For married persons, the tests will be applied on a joint husband and wife basis regardless of whether the purchase is made by one spouse or the husband and wife jointly. Even if you represent that you meet the suitability standards set forth above, the board of directors reserves the right to reject any subscription for any reason, including if the board determines that the units are not a suitable investment for you.
Each subscriber must make written representations that he/she/it:
- •
- has received a copy of our prospectus and the exhibits thereto;
- •
- has been informed that our units are sold in reliance upon a federal securities registration; Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky and Florida securities registrations; and exemptions from securities registrations in various other states, and understands that our units can only be sold to a person meeting requirements of suitability;
- •
- has been informed that the securities purchased have not been registered under the securities laws of any state other than the States of Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky and Florida, and that we are relying in part upon the representations of the subscriber;
- •
- has been informed that the securities subscribed for have not been approved or disapproved by the Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky and Florida Securities Departments or any other regulatory authority;
- •
- intends to purchase the units for investment and not for resale;
- •
- understands that there is no present market for our units and that there are significant restrictions on the transferability of our units;
- •
- has been encouraged to seek the advice of his legal counsel and accountants or other financial advisers with respect to the tax and other considerations relating to the purchase of units;
- •
- has received a copy of our operating agreement and understands that upon closing the escrow, the subscriber and the membership units will be bound by the operating agreement;
- •
- understands that our units are subject to substantial restrictions on transfer and that in order to sell the units the subscriber must sell or distribute them pursuant to the terms of the operating agreement, and the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and applicable state securities laws;
- •
- meets the suitability test outlined in the agreement and is capable of bearing the economic risk of the investment, including the possible total loss of the investment;
- •
- understands that we will place a restrictive legend on any certificate representing any unit;
- •
- understands that we may place a stop transfer order with its registrar and stock transfer agent (if any) covering all certificates representing any of the membership units;
- •
- may not transfer or assign the subscription agreement, or any of the subscriber's interest herein;
- •
- has written his, her, or its correct taxpayer identification number on the subscription agreement;
- •
- is not subject to back up withholding either because he, she or it has not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") that he, she or it is subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or the IRS has notified him, her or it that he is no longer subject to backup;
- •
- understands that execution of the attached promissory note and security agreement will allow us to pursue the obligor for payment of the amount due thereon by any legal means, including, but
74
We will rely on these representations and others in determining whether an investor understands and has knowledge of the material terms and nature of the investment.
Subscription Period
The offering must close upon the earlier occurrence of (1) our acceptance of subscriptions for units equaling the maximum amount of $67,325,000; or (2) on November 10, 2006. However, we may close the offering any time prior to November 10, 2006 upon the sale of the minimum aggregate offering amount of $33,662,500; or (3) we elect to abandon or terminate the offering. We may admit members and continue to offer any remaining units to reach the maximum number to be sold until the offering closes. We reserve the right to cancel or modify the offering, to reject subscriptions for units in whole or in part and to waive conditions to the purchase of units. Additionally, in our sole discretion, we may also determine that it is not necessary to sell all available units. Investors will not be allowed to withdraw their investments, which means that you should invest only if you are willing to have your investment unavailable to you for an indefinite period of time.
This offering may be terminated for a variety of reasons, most of which are discussed in detail in the section entitled "RISK FACTORS." In the event of termination of this offering prior to its successful closing, funds invested with us will be returned with nominal interest, less escrow fees. In that event, we intend to return those funds promptly after the termination of the offering.
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Subscription Procedures
Before purchasing any units, you must complete the subscription agreement included as exhibit C to this prospectus, draft a check payable to "Geneva State Bank, Escrow Agent for Advanced BioEnergy, LLC" in the amount of not less than 10% of the amount due for the units for which subscription is sought, which amount will be deposited in the escrow account; sign a full recourse promissory note and security agreement for the balance due; and deliver to us these items and an executed copy of the signature page of our amended and restated operating agreement. Our amended and restated operating agreement is attached as exhibit B to this prospectus. The subscription agreement, promissory note and security agreement, and signature page are attached as exhibit C to this prospectus.
In the subscription application, an investor must make representations to us concerning, among other things, that he or she has received our prospectus and any supplements, agrees to be bound by the amended and restated operating agreement and understands that the units are subject to significant transfer restrictions. The subscription application also requires information about the nature of your desired ownership, your state of residence, and your taxpayer identification or Social Security Number. We encourage you to read the subscription agreement carefully.
Once we receive subscriptions for the minimum amount of the offering, we will mail written notice to our investors that full payment under the promissory note is due within 20 days. We will deposit funds paid in satisfaction of the promissory notes into our escrow account where they will be held until we satisfy the conditions for releasing funds from escrow.
The promissory note is full recourse which means that you will be liable for the balance due and that if you do not timely repay the indebtedness upon the terms agreed, we will pursue you by any legal means to recover the indebtedness. This includes, but is not limited to, acquisition of a judgment against you for the amount due plus interest plus any amounts we spend to collect the balance. We will also seek from you any attorney fees we incur in collecting the balance. Unpaid amounts due will accrue interest at a rate of 12% per year. We will also retain the initial 10% payment made by the subscriber. Pursuant to the terms of the promissory note, we will not be required to give you notice of default under the terms of the promissory note, but upon your failure to make timely payment, we will immediately have the right to pursue you for payment of the balance due by any legal means. By signing the promissory note you will also grant to us a purchase money security interest in any units you own or hereafter acquire to secure your promise to pay the balance due. You also agree to allow us to retain possession of any certificates representing these units to allow us to perfect our security interest. This means that if you default on your obligation to pay us, you could lose your right to any of our units that you presently own or hereafter acquire.
If you subscribe to purchase units after we have received subscriptions for the aggregate minimum offering amount of $33,662,500, you will be required to pay the full purchase price immediately upon subscription.
We may, in our sole discretion, reject or accept all or any part of your subscription agreement. We might not consider acceptance or rejection of your application until after we have received applications totaling at least $33,662,500 from investors or until a future date near the end of this offering. If we accept your subscription and meet the conditions for releasing funds from escrow, as soon as possible thereafter, our board will approve your membership, your subscription will be credited to your capital account in accordance with our amended and restated operating agreement and we will issue to you a membership unit certificate signifying the ownership of your membership units. If we reject your subscription, we will promptly return your subscription, check, and signature page promptly after the rejection.
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Investors will not be allowed to withdraw their investments for any reason, absent a rescission offer tendered by us. We do not anticipate making a rescission offer. This means that from the date of your investment through November 10, 2006, your investment will be unavailable to you.
Changes in the offering's material terms after the registration statement's effectiveness will terminate the original offer and subscribers would then be entitled to a refund. Material changes include the following: (1) extension of the offering beyond the year currently contemplated; (2) change in the offering price other than that disclosed in this prospectus; (3) change in the minimum purchase required of investors; (4) change in the amount of proceeds necessary to release the proceeds in escrow; and (5) material change in the application of proceeds.
If you are deemed the beneficial owner of 5% or more of our issued and outstanding units you may have reporting obligations under Section 13 and Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act. If you anticipate being a beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding units you should consult legal counsel to determine what filing and reporting obligations may be required under the federal securities laws.
Escrow Procedures
Proceeds from subscriptions for the units will be deposited in an interest-bearing escrow account that we have established with the Geneva State Bank, as escrow agent under a written escrow agreement. We will not release funds from the escrow account until specific conditions are satisfied. The conditions are (1) the subscription proceeds in the escrow account equals or exceeds $33,662,500, exclusive of interest; (2) our receipt of a written debt financing commitment for debt financing ranging from $63,675,000 to $97,337,500, depending on the amount necessary to fully capitalize the project; (3) we elect, in writing, to terminate the escrow agreement; and (4) we have sent an affidavit prepared by our escrow agent to the states in which our units are registered stating that conditions (1) and (2) have been met and we have received consent from any state requiring it.
We will invest the escrow funds in short-term certificates of deposit issued by a bank, short-term securities issued by the United States government, money market funds, repurchase agreements or other financial vehicles including those available through the escrow agent. We will pay our escrow agent a monthly maintenance fee in the amount of 1/4800 times the average monthly balance of the escrow account to be paid from interest only. Even if we are successful in releasing funds from escrow, we intend to allow the offering to continue until November 10, 2006 or some earlier date, at our discretion. If we sell units for the aggregate minimum offering price of $33,662,500 prior to November 10, 2006, we may demand and collect the balance of the purchase price payable on these units after November 10, 2006. We may terminate the offering prior to closing the offering in which event we will promptly return your investment along with your portion of the total interest earned on the account, less your portion of the monthly escrow fees and escrow fees of $75.00 per investor, after the termination of the offering under the following scenarios:
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- if we determine in our sole discretion to terminate the offering prior to November 10, 2006; or
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- if we do not raise the $33,662,500 minimum aggregate offering amount by November 10, 2006.
In the event that the interest earned on our escrow account is insufficient to pay the escrow fees, we will be responsible for paying the difference so that you will receive no less than your original investment.
Delivery of Unit Certificates
If we satisfy the conditions for releasing funds from escrow, we will issue certificates for the units subscribed in the offering upon such release. Unless otherwise specifically provided in the subscription agreement, we will issue certificates for any subscription signed by more than one subscriber as joint
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tenants with full rights of survivorship. We will imprint the certificates with a conspicuous legend referring to the restrictions on transferability and sale of the units. See "DESCRIPTION OF MEMBERSHIP UNITS—Restrictive Legend on Membership Certificates."
Summary of Promotional and Sales Material
In addition to and apart from this prospectus, we may use certain sales material in connection with this offering. The material may include a brochure, question-and-answer booklet, speech for public seminars, invitations to seminars, news articles, public advertisements and audio-visual materials. In certain jurisdictions, such sales materials may not be available. This offering is made only by means of this prospectus and other than as described herein, we have not authorized the use of any other sales material. Although the information contained in such sales materials does not conflict with any of the information contained in this prospectus, such material does not purport to be complete and should not be considered as a part of this prospectus or of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or as incorporated in this prospectus or the registration statement by reference.
DESCRIPTION OF MEMBERSHIP UNITS
An investor in us is both a holder of units and a member of the limited liability company at the time of acceptance of the investment. We elected to organize as a limited liability company rather than a corporation because we wish to qualify for partnership tax treatment for federal and state income tax purposes with our earnings or losses passing through to our members and subject to taxation at the member level. See "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR UNITS." As a unit holder and a member of the limited liability company, an investor will be entitled to certain economic rights, such as the right to the distributions that accompany the units and to certain other rights, such as the right to vote at our member meetings. In the event that an investor's membership in the limited liability company later terminates, that investor may continue to own units and retain economic rights such as the right to the distributions. However, termination of the membership would result in the loss of other rights such as the right to vote at our member meetings.
Membership Units
Ownership rights in us are evidenced by units. There is one class of membership units in Advanced BioEnergy. We cannot issue any other class of units with preferred rights without amendment of our amended and restated operating agreement which requires approval of our members. As of the date of this prospectus, there are 625,000 units outstanding and 16 unit holders. Each unit represents a pro rata ownership interest in our capital, profits, losses and distributions. Unit holders who are also members have the right to vote and participate in our management as provided in the amended and restated operating agreement. We maintain a membership register at our principal office setting forth the name, address, capital contribution and number of units held by each member.
Restrictive Legend on Membership Certificate
We will place restrictive legends on your membership certificate or any other document evidencing ownership of our units. The language of the legend will be similar to the following:
The transferability of the units represented by this certificate is restricted. Such units may not be sold, assigned, or transferred, nor will any assignee, vendee, transferee or endorsee thereof be recognized as having acquired any such units for any purposes, unless and to the extent such sale, transfer, hypothecation or assignment is permitted by, and is completed in strict accordance with, applicable state and federal law and the terms and conditions set forth in the Operating Agreement.
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The securities represented by this certificate may not be sold, offered for sale or transferred in the absence of an effective registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and under applicable state securities laws, or an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Company that such transaction is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and under applicable state securities laws.
Voting Limitations
Each member is entitled to one vote per unit owned. Members may vote units in person or by proxy at a meeting of the unit holders, on all matters coming before a member vote. Members do not have cumulative voting or pre-emptive rights.
Loss of Membership Rights
Although we are managed by our directors, our amended and restated operating agreement provides that certain transactions, such as amending our amended and restated operating agreement or dissolving the company, require member approval. An investor in us is both a holder of units and a member of the limited liability company at the time of acceptance of the investment. Each member has the following rights:
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- to receive a share of our profits and losses;
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- to receive distributions of our assets, if and when declared by our directors;
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- to participate in the distribution of our assets in the event we are dissolved or liquidated;
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- to access information concerning our business and affairs at our place of business; and
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- to vote on matters coming before a vote of the members.
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that if your membership is terminated, then you will lose all your rights to vote your units and the right to access information concerning our business and affairs at our place of business. Under our amended and restated operating agreement, information that will be available exclusively to members includes state and federal tax returns and a current list of the names, addresses and capital account information of each member and unit holder. This information is available upon request by a member for purposes reasonably related to that person's interest as a member. In addition, a member's use of this information is subject to certain safety, security and confidentiality procedures established by us.
Investors whose membership has been terminated but who continue to own units will continue to have the right to a share of our profits and losses and the right to receive distributions of our assets and to participate in the distribution of our assets in the event we are dissolved or liquidated. These unit holders will also have access to company information that is periodically submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. See "DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS."
Your membership interest may be terminated in accordance with the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act if you make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, seek reorganization, liquidation or similar relief under any law, or seek or consent to the appointment of a trustee, receiver or liquidator. Your membership may also be terminated under the Delaware Limited Liability Act 120 days after a proceeding is commenced against you seeking reorganization, liquidation or similar relief or 90 days after a trustee, receiver or liquidator is appointed without your consent. In addition, if you are an individual, you will cease to be a member upon your death or if you have been declared incompetent by a court of law. If you are a corporation, trust, limited liability company, or partnership, you will cease to be a member at the time your existence is terminated. If you are an estate, then your membership will terminate when the fiduciary of the estate
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distributes all of your units. Accordingly, it is possible to be a unit holder of Advanced BioEnergy, but not a member.
If you transfer your units, and the transfer is permitted by the amended and restated operating agreement, or has been approved by the board of directors, then the transferee will be admitted as a subsituted member of Advanced BioEnergy only if the transferee:
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- agrees to be bound by our amended and restated operating agreement;
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- pays or reimburses us for legal, filing and publication costs that we incur relating to admitting such transferee as a new member, if any;
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- delivers, upon our request, any evidence of the authority such person or entity has to become a member of Advanced BioEnergy; and
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- delivers, upon our request, any other materials needed to complete transferee's transfer.
The board of directors, in its discretion, may prohibit the transferee from becoming a member if he or she does not comply with these requirements. The restrictive legend on our membership certificates and the language of our amended and restated operating agreement will alert subsequent transferees of our units as to the restrictions on transferability of our units and the events by which a member may lose membership rights. Investers who transfer units to transferees who do not become substituted members will not retain the rights to vote, access information or share in profits and losses as they do not continue as members when units are transferred to a third party.
Distributions
Distributions are payable at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to the provisions of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, our amended and restated operating agreement and the requirements of our creditors. Our board has no obligation to distribute profits, if any, to members. Following completion of the seed capital private placement, the initial board of directors authorized a unit distribution to the all of our unit holders equal to two units for every one unit issued and outstanding in order to compensate those initial unit holders for the risk associated with each of their seed capital investments in Advanced BioEnergy. In addition, we made distributions of restricted units to our project development consultant and two of our directors in exchange for project development services. We have not made any cash distributions since our inception and we do not intend to declare any additional unit distributions or any cash distributions until after we begin generating revenue and satisfy any loan covenants required by our lenders.
Unit holders are entitled to receive distributions of cash or property if and when a distribution is declared by our directors. Distributions will be made to investors in proportion to the number of units investors own as compared to all of our units that are then issued and outstanding. Our directors have the sole authority to authorize distributions based on available cash (after payment of expenses and resources), however, we will attempt to distribute an amount approximating the additional federal and state income tax attributable to investors as a result of profits allocated to investors. The Delaware Limited Liability Company Act also limits distributions to the extent that our liabilities to unsecured creditors exceed the fair value of our assets.
We do not expect to generate revenues until the proposed plant is operational. After operation of the proposed plant begins, we anticipate, subject to any loan covenants or restrictions with our senior and subordinated lenders, distributing a portion of our net cash flow to our members in proportion to the units held and in accordance with our amended and restated operating agreement. By net cash flow, we mean our gross cash proceeds received less any portion, as determined by our directors in their sole discretion, used to pay or establish reserves for our expenses, debt payments, capital
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improvements, replacements and contingencies. Our board may elect to retain future profits to provide operational financing for the plant, debt retirement and possible plant expansion.
We do not know the amount of cash that we will generate, if any, once we begin operations. At the start, we will generate no revenues and do not expect to generate any operating revenue until the proposed ethanol plant is operating fully. Cash distributions are not assured, and we may never be in a position to make distributions. Whether we will be able to generate sufficient cash flow from our business to make distributions to members will depend on numerous factors, including:
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- successful and timely completion of construction since we will not generate any revenue until our plant is constructed and operational;
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- required principal and interest payments on any debt and compliance with applicable loan covenants which will reduce the amount of cash available for distributions;
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- our ability to operate our plant at full capacity which directly impacts our revenues;
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- adjustments and amounts of cash set aside for reserves and unforeseen expenses; and
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- state and federal regulations and subsidies, and support for ethanol generally which can impact our profitability and the cash available for distributions.
Capital Accounts and Contributions
The purchase price paid for our units constitutes a capital contribution for purposes of becoming a unit holder and will be credited to your capital account. As a unit holder, your capital account will be increased according to your share of our profits and other applicable items of income or gain specially allocated to you pursuant to the special allocation rules described below. In addition, we will increase your capital account for the amount of any of our liabilities that are assumed by you or are secured by any property which we distribute to you. We will decrease your capital account for your share of our losses and other applicable items of expenses or losses specially allocated to you pursuant to the special allocation rules described below. We will also decrease your capital account in an amount equal to the value of any property we distribute to you. In addition, we will decrease your capital account for the amount of any of your liabilities that are assumed by us or are secured by property you have contributed to us. In the event you transfer your units and we have approved such transfer, then your capital account, to the extent it relates to the units transferred, will be transferred to the transferee. Our amended and restated operating agreement does not require you to make additional capital contributions to us. Interest will not accrue on your capital contributions, and you have no right to withdraw or be repaid your capital contributions made to us.
Allocation of Profits and Losses
Except as otherwise provided in the special allocation rules described below, profits and losses that we recognize will be allocated to you in proportion to the number of units you hold. Our profits and losses will be determined by our directors on either a daily, monthly, quarterly or other basis permitted under the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, and corresponding Treasury Regulations.
Special Allocation Rules
The amount of profits and losses that we allocate to you is subject to a number of exceptions referred to as special allocations. These include special allocations required by the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations aimed at highly leveraged limited liability companies that allocate taxable losses in excess of a unit holder's actual capital contributions. Because we do not anticipate the allocation of taxable losses in excess of any unit holder's actual capital contributions, we do not anticipate making any special allocations pursuant to these provisions. However, in the event special
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allocations are made, our amended and restated operating agreement also requires that, as soon as possible thereafter, our directors make offsetting special allocations in any manner they deem appropriate that, after such offsetting allocations are made, each Unit holder's capital account balance is equal to the capital account balance that that unit holder would have had if special allocations required by the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations were not made to that unit holder's capital account.
Restrictions on Transfers of Units
The units will be subject to certain restrictions on transfers pursuant to our amended and restated operating agreement. In addition, transfers of the units may be restricted by state securities laws. As a result, investors may not be able to liquidate their investments in the units and therefore may be required to assume the risks of investing in us for an indefinite period of time. Investment in us should be undertaken only by those investors who can afford an illiquid investment.
We have restricted the ability to transfer units to ensure that we are not deemed a "publicly traded partnership" and thus taxed as a corporation. Under our amended and restated operating agreement, no transfer may occur without the approval of the board of directors. The board of directors will only permit transfers that fall within "safe harbors" contained in the publicly traded partnership rules under the Internal Revenue Code, to include the following:
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- transfers by gift to the member's descendants;
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- transfers upon the death of a member;
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- certain other transfers provided that for the applicable tax year, the transfers in the aggregate do not exceed 2% of the total outstanding units; and
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- transfers that comply with the "qualified matching services" requirements.
Any transfer in violation of the publicly traded partnership requirements or our amended and restated operating agreement will be null and void. Furthermore, there is no public or other market for these securities. We do not anticipate such a market will develop.
The units are unsecured equity interests and are subordinate in right of payment to all of our current and future debt. In the event of our insolvency, liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of our affairs, all of our debts, including winding-up expenses, must be paid in full before any payment is made to the unit holders. There is no assurance that there would be any remaining funds for distribution to the unit holders, after the payment of all of our debts.
SUMMARY OF OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
Statements contained in this section of the prospectus regarding the contents of our Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, which is discussed as our operating agreement throughout this prospectus, are not necessarily complete, and reference is made to the copy of our Operating Agreement filed as Exhibit B to this prospectus.
Binding Nature of the Agreement
We will be governed primarily according to the provisions of our amended and restated operating agreement and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act. Among other items, our amended and restated operating agreement contains provisions relating to the election of directors, restrictions on transfers, member voting, and other company governance matters. If you invest in Advanced BioEnergy, you will be bound by the terms of this agreement. Its provisions may not be amended without the approval the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the units constituting a
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quorum, represented either in person or by proxy or mail ballot, at any regular or special meeting of the members.
Management
Initially, the total number of initial directors of Advanced BioEnergy shall be a minimum of three and a maximum of 13. At the first annual or special meeting of the Members following the date on which substantial operations of the ethanol plant commences, the number of directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine. If this reduction in the number of directors requires the removal of any director, John T. Porter, Robert W. Holmes and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall not be included in the directors removed at that time. This means that you will not have any direct control over the management or operation of our business. The current directors and their business experience are set out in further detail in "DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS, AND CONTROL PERSONS."
No matter may be submitted to the members for approval without the prior approval of the board of directors. This means that the board of directors controls virtually all of our affairs. We do not expect to develop a vacancy on the board of directors until after substantial operation of the ethanol plant commences.
Our amended and restated operating agreement is unlike the articles of incorporation or bylaws of typical public companies whose shares trade on NASDAQ or a stock exchange. Our units do not trade on an exchange and we are not governed by the rules of NASDAQ or a stock exchange concerning company governance.
The directors must elect a chairman who will preside over any meeting of the board of directors, and a vice-chairman who shall assume the chairman's duties in the event the chairman is unable to act.
According to our amended and restated operating agreement, the directors may not take the following actions without the unanimous consent of the members:
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- cause or permit Advanced BioEnergy to engage in any activity that is inconsistent with our purposes;
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- knowingly act in contravention or the amended and restated operating agreement or act in a manner that would make it impossible for us to carry on our ordinary business, except as otherwise provided in the amended and restated operating agreement;
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- possess our property or assign rights in specific company property other than for Advanced BioEnergy's purpose; or
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- cause us to voluntarily take any action that would cause our bankruptcy.
In addition, without the consent of a majority of the membership voting interests the directors do not have the authority to cause Advanced BioEnergy to:
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- merge, consolidate, exchange or otherwise dispose of at one time, all or substantially all of our property, except for a liquidating sale of the property in connection with our dissolution;
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- confess a judgment against us in an amount in excess of $500,000;
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- issue units at a purchase price of less than $10 per unit;
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- issue more than 20,000,000 units; or
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- cause us to acquire any equity or debt securities of any director or any of its affiliates, or otherwise make loans to any director or any of its affiliates.
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Replacement of Directors
Our board of directors is presently controlled by our founders, and replacing the directors may be difficult to accomplish under our amended and restated operating agreement. Pursuant to the amended and restated operating agreement, our initial board of directors will be comprised of no fewer than three and no more than 13 members. However, at the first annual or special meeting of the members following the date on which substantial operations of the ethanol plant commences, the number of directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine. The amended and restated operating agreement provides that if the reduction in the number of directors at the first annual or special meeting requires the removal of any director, John T. Porter, Robert W. Holmes and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall not be included in the directors removed at that time.
Our amended and restated operating agreement defines a procedure to replace the board in staggered terms, where, upon the expiration of the initial board, the first group of directors shall serve for one year, the second group shall serve for two years, and the third group shall serve for three years. The successors for each group of directors shall be elected for a 3-year term and, at that point, one-third of the total number of directors will be elected by the members each year. The directors shall be placed into groups by resolution of the initial board of directors prior to the expiration of the initial term. The amended and restated operating agreement provides that John T. Porter will be in Group I, Robert W. Holmes will be in Group II and Revis L. Stephenson will be in Group III. These procedures provide that replacement directors may be nominated either by the board of directors or by the members upon timely delivery of a petition signed by investors holding at least five percent of the outstanding units, provided that the members also meet other requirements, all of which are described in our amended and restated operating agreement. In order for a petition to be considered timely, it must be delivered to our secretary not more than 90 days, nor less than 60 days prior to the annual meeting of our members.
Members' Meetings and Other Members' Rights
There will be an annual meeting of members at which the board of directors will give our annual company report. Members will address any appropriate business including the election of directors to those director seats becoming vacant under the then adopted staggered term format. In addition, members owning an aggregate of 30% of the units may demand in writing that the board call a special meeting of members for the purpose of addressing appropriate member business. The board of directors may also call a special meeting of members at any time.
Member meetings shall be at the place designated by the board or members calling the meeting. Members of record will be given notice of member meeting neither more than 60 days nor less than five days in advance of such meetings.
In order to take action at a meeting, members holding at least 25% of the outstanding units must be represented in person, by proxy or by mail ballot. Voting by proxy or by mail ballot shall be permitted on any matter if it is authorized by our directors. Assuming a quorum is present, members take action by a vote of the majority of the units represented at the meeting (in person, by proxy or by mail ballot) and entitled to vote on the matter, unless the vote of a greater or lesser proportion or number is otherwise required by our amended and restated operating agreement or by the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act. Our amended and restated operating agreement requires the vote of a greater number of units on the following matters:
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- the affirmative vote of a 75% majority in interest is necessary to dissolve, wind up and liquidate the Company;
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- a proposed amendment to the amended and restated operating agreement requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the membership voting interests constituting the quorum;
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- •
- no amendment to the amended and restated operating agreement shall be approved without the consent of each member adversely affected if such amendment would modify the limited liability of a member, or alter the membership economic interest of a member
There are no other instances where the vote of a greater or lesser proportion or number is otherwise required by the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act.
For the purpose of determining the members entitled to notice of or to vote at any members' meeting, members entitled to receive payment of any distribution, or to make a determination of members for any other purpose, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed (or otherwise delivered) or the date on which the resolution declaring the distribution is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for determination of the members.
Members do not have dissenter's rights. This means that in the event we merge, consolidate, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our property, unit holders do not have the right to dissent and seek payment for their units.
We will maintain our books, accountings and records at our principal office. A member may inspect them during normal business hours. Our books and accountings will be maintained in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Unit Transfer Restrictions
A unit holder's ability to transfer units is restricted under the amended and restated operating agreement. Unit holders may not transfer their units prior to the time that our ethanol plant is substantially operational unless such transfer is:
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- to the investor's administrator or trustee to whom such units are transferred involuntarily by operation of law, such as death; or
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- made without consideration to or in trust for the investor's descendants or spouse.
Once we begin substantial operation of the proposed ethanol plant, investors may transfer their units to any person or organization only if such transfer meets the conditions precedent to a transfer under our amended and restated operating agreement and:
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- has been approved by our directors in accordance with the terms of the amended and restated operating agreement; or
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- the transfer is made to any other member or to any affiliate or related party of another member or the transferring member.
Our amended and restated operating agreement contains the following conditions precedent to transfer:
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- Unless the transfer is involuntary by operation of law, the transferor and transferee shall execute and deliver to the Company such documents and instruments as may be necessary or appropriate in the opinion of our counsel to effect such transfer;
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- The transferor and transferee shall furnish us with the transferee's taxpayer identification number, sufficient information to determine the transferee's initial tax basis in the units transferred, and any other information reasonably necessary to permit us to file all required federal and state tax returns and other legally required information statements or returns;
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- Unless the transfer is involuntary by operation of law, the transferor shall provide an opinion of counsel, which opinion and counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Directors that the transfer will not cause Advanced BioEnergy to be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940;
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- •
- Unless otherwise approved by the directors and members representing in the aggregate a 75% majority of the membership voting interests, no transfer of units shall be made except upon terms which would not, in the opinion of counsel chosen by and mutually acceptable to the directors and the transferor member, result in the termination of Advanced BioEnergy within the meaning of Section 708 of the Code or similar rules that apply;
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- No notice or request initiating the transfer procedures may be given by any member after a dissolution event has occurred;
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- No person shall transfer any unit if, in the determination of the directors, such transfer would cause Advanced BioEnergy to be treated as a publicly traded partnership within the meaning of Section 7704(b) of the Code.
To maintain partnership tax status, the units may not be traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market. We do not intend to list the units on the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ Stock Market or any other stock exchange. To help ensure that a market does not develop, our amended and restated operating agreement prohibits transfers without the approval of the directors. The directors will generally approve transfers so long as the transfers fall within "safe harbors" contained in the publicly traded partnership rules under the Internal Revenue Code. If any person transfers units in violation of the publicly traded partnership rules or without our prior consent, the transfer will be null and void. These restrictions on transfer could reduce the value of an investor's units.
Amendments
Our amended and restated operating agreement may be amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the units constituting a quorum, represented either in person or by proxy or mail ballot, at any regular or special meeting of the members. No amendment may adversely affect a member's economic interest or modify the liability of a member, without that member's consent. The amended and restated operating agreement defines economic interest as a member's share of profits and losses, the right to receive distributions of the company's assets and the right to information concerning the business and affairs of the company.
Dissolution
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides that a voluntary dissolution of Advanced BioEnergy may be affected only upon the prior approval of a 75% super majority of all units entitled to vote.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR UNITS
This section of the prospectus describes the material federal income tax risks and consequences of your participation in Advanced BioEnergy. No information regarding state and local taxes is provided.EACH PROSPECTIVE MEMBER SHOULD CONSULT HIS OR HER OWN TAX ADVISOR CONCERNING THE IMPACT THAT HIS OR HER INVESTMENT IN ADVANCED BIOENERGY MAY HAVE ON HIS OR HER FEDERAL INCOME TAX LIABILITY AND THE APPLICATION OF STATE AND LOCAL INCOME AND OTHER TAX LAWS TO HIS OR HER INVESTMENT IN ADVANCED BIOENERGY. Although we will furnish unit holders with such information regarding Advanced BioEnergy as is required for income tax purposes, each unit holder will be responsible for preparing and filing his or her own tax returns.
The following summary of the tax aspects is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), existing Treasury Department regulations ("Regulations"), and administrative rulings and judicial decisions interpreting the Code. Significant uncertainty exists regarding certain tax
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aspects of limited liability companies. Such uncertainty is due, in part, to continuing changes in federal tax law that have not been fully interpreted through regulations or judicial decisions. Tax legislation may be enacted in the future that will affect Advanced BioEnergy and a unit holder's investment in Advanced BioEnergy. Additionally, the interpretation of existing law and regulations described here may be challenged by the Internal Revenue Service during an audit of our information return. If successful, such a challenge likely would result in adjustment of a unit holder's individual return.
The tax opinion contained in this section and the opinion attached as exhibit 8.1 to the registration statement constitutes the opinion of our tax counsel, Brown, Winick, Graves, Gross, Baskerville and Schoenebaum, P.L.C., regarding our classification for federal income tax purposes. An opinion of legal counsel represents an expression of legal counsel's professional judgment regarding the subject matter of the opinion. It is neither a guarantee of any indicated result nor an undertaking to defend any indicated result should that result be challenged by the Internal Revenue Service. This opinion is in no way binding on the Internal Revenue Service or on any court of law.
In the opinion attached as exhibit 8.1 to the registration statement, our tax counsel has also confirmed as correct their representation to us that the statements and legal conclusions contained in this section regarding general federal income tax consequences of owning our units as a result of our partnership tax classification are accurate in all material respects. The tax consequences to us and our members are highly dependent on matters of fact that may occur at a future date and are not addressed in our tax counsel's opinion. With the exception of our tax counsel's opinion that we will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, this section represents an expression of our tax counsel's professional judgment regarding general federal income tax consequences of owning our units, insofar as it relates to matters of law and legal conclusions. This section is based on the assumptions and qualifications stated or referenced in this section. It is neither a guarantee of the indicated result nor an undertaking to defend the indicated result should it be challenged by the Internal Revenue Service. No rulings have been or will be requested from the Internal Revenue Service concerning any of the tax matters we describe. Accordingly, you should know that the opinion of our tax counsel does not assure the intended tax consequences because it is in no way binding on the Internal Revenue Service or any court of law. The Internal Revenue Service or a court may disagree with the following discussion or with any of the positions taken by us for federal income tax reporting purposes, and the opinion of our tax counsel may not be sufficient for an investor to use for the purpose of avoiding penalties relating to a substantial understatement of income tax under Section 6662(d). See "FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR units—Interest on Underpayment of Taxes; Accuracy-Related Penalties; Negligence Penalties" below.
Investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors with specific reference to their own tax and financial situations, including the application and effect of state, local and other tax laws, and any possible changes in the tax laws after the date of this prospectus. This section is not to be constructed as a substitute for careful tax planning.
Partnership Status
Our tax counsel has opined that, assuming we do not elect to be treated as a corporation, we will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. This means that we will not pay any federal income tax and the unit holders will pay tax on their shares of our net income. Under recently revised Treasury regulations, known as "check-the-box" regulations, an unincorporated entity such as a limited liability company will be taxed as partnership unless the entity is considered a publicly traded limited partnership or the entity affirmatively elects to be taxed as a corporation.
We will not elect to be taxed as a corporation and will endeavor to take steps as are feasible and advisable to avoid classification as a publicly traded limited partnership. Congress has shown no
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inclination to adopt legislation that would jeopardize the tax classification of the many entities that have acted in reliance on the check-the-box regulations.
As a partnership, if we fail to qualify for partnership taxation, we would be treated as a "C corporation" for federal income tax purposes. As a C corporation, we would be taxed on our taxable income at corporate rates, currently at a maximum rate of 35%. Distributions would generally be taxed again to unit holders as corporate dividends. In addition, unit holders would not be required to report their shares of our income, gains, losses or deductions on their tax returns until such are distributed. Because a tax would be imposed upon us as a corporate entity, the cash available for distribution to unit holders would be reduced by the amount of tax paid, in which case the value of the units would be reduced.
Publicly Traded Partnership Rules
To qualify for taxation as a partnership, we cannot be a publicly traded partnership under Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code. Generally, Section 7704 provides that a publicly traded partnership will be taxed as a corporation if its interests are:
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- traded on an established securities market; or
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- readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent.
Although there is no legal authority on whether a limited liability company is subject to these rules, in the opinion of our counsel, we are subject to the publicly traded partnership rules because we elected to be classified and taxed as a partnership.
We will seek to avoid being treated as a publicly traded partnership. Under Section 1.7704-1(d) of the Treasury Regulations, interests in a partnership are not considered traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market unless the partnership participates in the establishment of the market or the inclusion of its interests in a market, or the partnership recognizes any transfers made on the market by redeeming the transferor partner or admitting transferee as a partner.
We do not intend to list the units on the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ Stock Market or any other stock exchange. In addition, with limited exception, our amended and restated operating agreement prohibits any transfer of units without the approval of our directors. Our directors intend to approve transfers that fall within safe harbor provisions of the Treasury Regulations, so that we will not be classified as a publicly traded partnership. These safe harbor provisions generally provide that the units will not be treated as readily tradable on a secondary market, or the substantial equivalent, if the interests are transferred:
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- in "private" transfers;
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- pursuant to a qualified matching service; or
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- in limited amounts that satisfy a two percent test.
Private transfers include, among others:
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- transfers by gifts in which the transferee's tax basis in the units is determined by reference to the transferor's tax basis in the interests transferred;
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- transfers at death, including transfers from an estate or testamentary trust;
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- transfers between members of a family as defined in Section 267(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code;
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- •
- transfers from retirement plans qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code or an IRA; and
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- "block transfers." A block transfer is a transfer by a unit holder and any related persons as defined in the Internal Revenue Code in one or more transactions during any thirty-calendar-day period of units that in the aggregate represents more than two percent of the total interests in partnership capital or profits.
Transfers through a qualified matching service are also disregarded in determining whether interests are readily tradable. A matching service is qualified only if:
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- it consists of a computerized or printed system that lists customers' bid and/or ask prices in order to match unit holders who want to sell with persons who want to buy;
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- matching occurs either by matching the list of interested buyers with the list of interested sellers or through a bid and ask process that allows interested buyers to bid on the listed interest;
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- the seller cannot enter into a binding agreement to sell the interest until the 15th calendar day after his interest is listed, which time period must be confirmable by maintenance of contemporaneous records;
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- the closing of a sale effectuated through the matching service does not occur prior to the 45th calendar day after the interest is listed;
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- the matching service displays only quotes that do not commit any person to buy or sell an interest at the quoted price (nonfirm price quotes), or quotes that express an interest in acquiring an interest without an accompanying price (nonbinding indications of interest), and does not display quotes at which any person is committed to buy or sell an interest at the quoted price;
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- the seller's information is removed within 120 days of its listing and is not reentered into the system for at least 60 days after its deletion; and
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- the sum of the percentage interests transferred during the entity's tax year, excluding private transfers, cannot exceed ten percent of the total interests in partnership capital or profits.
In addition, interests are not treated as readily tradable if the sum of the percentage of the interests transferred during the entity's tax year, excluding private transfers, do not exceed two percent of the total interests in partnership capital or profits. We expect to use a combination of these safe harbor provisions to avoid being treated as a publicly traded partnership.
After we commence operations, we may decide to implement a qualified matching service in order to provide a mechanism for our members to transfer limited quantities of our membership units. A qualified matching service typically involves the use of a computerized or printed listing system that lists customers' bids and/or ask prices to match members who want to dispose of their membership interests with persons who want to buy such interests. If we decide to do so, in addition to the tax laws described above, we must also comply with securities laws and rules regarding exemption from registration as a broker-dealer. Alternatively, we may determine to use an alternative trading service to handle qualified matching service matters for us. If we manage a qualified matching service ourselves, we will not undertake activities that are allowed by the tax laws, if such activities would disqualify us for exemption from registration as a broker-dealer. For example, while the tax rules allow interested buyers and interested sellers to locate each other via a qualified matching service, we could not directly participate in the match making without registering as a broker-dealer. We have no intention of registering as a broker-dealer. Therefore, among other restrictions, we must not have any involvement in matching interested buyers with interested sellers. This may make it difficult for our members to find buyers for their units.
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Tax Treatment of Our Operations; Flow-Through of Taxable Income and Loss.
We expect to pay no federal income tax. Instead, as members, investors will be required to report on investors' income tax return investors' allocable share of the income, gains, losses and deductions we have recognized without regard to whether cash distributions are received.
Tax Consequences to Our Unit Holders
We have adopted a fiscal year ending September 30 for accounting and tax purposes. As a unit holder, for your taxable year with which or within which our taxable year ends you will be required to report on your own income tax return, your distributive share of our income, gains, losses and deductions regardless of whether you receive any cash distributions. To illustrate, a unit holder reporting on a calendar year basis will include his or her share of our taxable income or loss for our taxable year ending September 30, 2005 on his or her 2005 income tax return. A unit holder with a June 30 fiscal year will report his share of our September 30, 2005 taxable income or loss on his income tax return for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2006. We will provide each unit holder with an annual Schedule K-1 indicating such holder's share of our income, loss and separately stated components.
Tax Treatment of Distributions
Distributions made by us to a member will not be taxable to the member for federal income tax purposes as long as distributions do not exceed the member's basis in his or her units immediately before the distribution. Cash distributions in excess of unit basis, which is unlikely to occur, are treated as gain from the sale or exchange of the units under the rules described below for unit dispositions.
Initial Tax Basis of Units and Periodic Basis Adjustments
Under Section 722 of the Internal Revenue Code, investors' initial basis in the units investors purchase will be equal to the sum of the amount of money investors paid for investors' units. Here, an investor's initial basis in each unit purchased will be $10.
An investor's' initial basis in the units will be increased to reflect the investor's distributive share of our taxable income, tax-exempt income, gains and any increase in the investor's share of recourse and qualified non-recourse indebtedness. If the investor makes additional capital contributions at any time, the adjusted basis of the investor's units will be increased by the amount of any cash contributed or the adjusted basis in any property contributed if additional units are not distributed to investors.
The basis of an investor's units will be decreased, but not below zero, by:
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- the amount of any cash we distribute to the investors;
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- the basis of any other property distributed to the investor;
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- the investor's distributive share of losses and nondeductible expenditures that are "not properly chargeable to capital account;" and
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- any reduction in the investor's share of certain items of our debt.
The unit basis calculations are complex. A member is only required to compute unit basis if the computation is necessary to determine his tax liability, but accurate records should be maintained. Typically, basis computations are necessary at the following times:
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- the end of a taxable year during which we suffered a loss, for the purpose of determining the deductibility of the member's share of the loss;
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- upon the liquidation or disposition of a member's interest, or
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- upon the non-liquidating distribution of cash or property to an investor, in order to ascertain the basis of distributed property or the taxability of cash distributed.
Except in the case of a taxable sale of a unit or Advanced BioEnergy's liquidation, exact computations usually are not necessary. For example, a unit holder who regularly receives cash distributions that are less than or equal to his or her share of our taxable income will have a positive unit basis at all times. Consequently, no computations are necessary to demonstrate that cash distributions are not taxable under Section 731(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code. The purpose of the basis adjustments is to keep track of a member's tax investment in us, with a view toward preventing double taxation or exclusion from taxation of income items upon ultimate disposition of the units.
Tax Credits to Unit Holders
Small Ethanol Producer Tax Credit
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 signed into law by President Bush on August 8, 2005 expands the definition of a "small ethanol producer" from 30 million gallons per year to 60 million gallons per year. Small ethanol producers are allowed a tax credit on up to 15 million gallons of ethanol production annually. The tax credit is capped at $1.5 million per year per producer. The credit is effective for taxable years ending after the date of enactment. Even as amended under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, we do not expect to be classified as a small ethanol producer for purposes of the tax credit because we expect to produce approximately 100 million gallons of ethanol per year.
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If in the future the small producers tax credit is expanded and we become eligible to receive the credit, we expect that we would be classified as a partnership for tax purposes and we would expect to pass the tax credits through to our unit holders. Unit holders would then be able to report and utilize the tax credits on their own income tax returns. However, there is no assurance that such tax legislation will be introduced or passed by the Congress or enacted into law by the President. Further, even if such legislation is enacted, our production may still exceed any expanded production limits, making us ineligible for the credit.
The small ethanol producers tax credit originally scheduled to expire in 2007 has been extended through 2010. Although Congress may further extend or make permanent the credit, there is no assurance that the tax credit will be extended beyond 2010.
Deductibility of Losses; Basis, At-Risk and Passive Loss Limitations
Generally, a unit holder may deduct losses allocated to him, subject to a number of restrictions. An investor's ability to deduct any losses we allocate to the investor is determined by applying the following three limitations dealing with basis, at-risk and passive losses:
Basis. An investor may not deduct an amount exceeding the investor's adjusted basis in the investor's units pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 704(d). If the investor's share of the Company's losses exceed the investor's basis in the investor's units at the end of any taxable year, such excess losses, to the extent that they exceed the investor's adjusted basis, may be carried over indefinitely and deducted to the extent that at the end of any succeeding year the investor's adjusted basis in the investor's units exceeds zero.
At-Risk Rules. Under the "at-risk" provisions of Section 465 of the Internal Revenue Code, if an investor is an individual taxpayer, including an individual partner in a partnership, or a closely-held corporation, the investor may deduct losses and tax credits from a trade or business activity, and thereby reduce the investor's taxable income from other sources, only to the extent the investor is considered "at risk" with respect to that particular activity. The amount an investor is considered to have "at risk" includes money contributed to the activity and certain amounts borrowed with respect to the activity for which the investor may be liable.
Passive Loss Rules. Section 469 of the Internal Revenue Code may substantially restrict an investor's ability to deduct losses and tax credits from passive activities. Passive activities generally include activities conducted by pass-through entities, such as a limited liability company, certain partnerships or S corporations, in which the taxpayer does not materially participate. Generally, losses from passive activities are deductible only to the extent of the taxpayer's income from other passive activities. Passive activity losses that are not deductible may be carried forward and deducted against future passive activity income or may be deducted in full upon disposition of a unit holder's entire interest in us to an unrelated party in a fully taxable transaction. It is important to note that "passive activities" do not include dividends and interest income that normally is considered to be "passive" in nature. For unit holders who borrow to purchase their units, interest expense attributable to the amount borrowed will be aggregated with other items of income and loss from passive activities and subjected to the passive activity loss limitation. To illustrate, if a unit holder's only passive activity is our limited liability company, and if we incur a net loss, no interest expense on the related borrowing would be deductible. If that unit holder's share of our taxable income were less than the related interest expense, the excess would be nondeductible. In both instances, the disallowed interest would be suspended and would be deductible against future passive activity income or upon disposition of the unit holder's entire interest in our limited liability company to an unrelated party in a fully taxable transaction.
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Passive Activity Income
If we are successful in achieving our investment and operating objectives, investors may be allocated taxable income from us. To the extent that an investor's share of our net income constitutes income from a passive activity, as described above, such income may generally be offset by the investor's net losses and credits from investments in other passive activities.
Alternative Minimum Tax
Individual taxpayers are subject to an "alternative minimum tax" if such tax exceeds the individual's regular income tax. Generally, alternative minimum taxable income is the taxpayer's adjusted gross income increased by the amount of certain preference items less certain itemized deductions. We may generate certain preference items. Depending on a member's other items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit, the impact of the alternative minimum tax on a member's overall federal income tax liability may vary from no impact to a substantial increase in tax. Accordingly, each prospective investor should consult with his tax advisor regarding the impact of an investment in Advanced BioEnergy on the calculation of his alternative minimum tax, as well as on his overall federal income tax liability.
Allocations of Income and Losses
Your distributive share of our income, gain, loss or deduction for federal income tax purposes generally is determined in accordance with our amended and restated operating agreement. Under Section 704(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, however, the Internal Revenue Service will respect our allocation, or a portion of it, only if it either has "substantial economic effect" or is in accordance with the "partner's interest in the partnership." If the allocation or portion thereof contained in our amended and restated operating agreement does not meet either test, the Internal Revenue Service may reallocate these items in accordance with its determination of each member's economic interest in us. Treasury Regulations contain guidelines as to whether partnership allocations have substantial economic effect. The allocations contained in the amended and restated operating agreement comply with the Treasury Regulations' test for having substantial economic effect. New unit holders will be allocated a proportionate share of income or loss for the year in which they became unit holders. The amended and restated operating agreement permits our directors to select any method and convention permissible under Internal Revenue Code Section 706(d) for the allocation of tax items during the time any person is admitted as a unit holder. In addition, the amended and restated operating agreement provides that upon the transfer of all or a portion of a unit holder's units, other than at the end of the fiscal year, the entire year's net income or net loss allocable to the transferred units will be apportioned between the transferor and transferee.
Tax Consequences Upon Disposition of Units
Gain or loss will be recognized on a sale of our units equal to the difference between the amount realized and the unit holder's basis in the units sold. The amount realized includes cash and the fair market value of any property received plus the member's share of our debt. Although unlikely, since debt is included in an investor's basis, it is possible that an investor could have a tax liability upon the sale of the investor's units that exceeds the proceeds of sale.
Gain or loss recognized by a unit holder on the sale or exchange of a unit held for more than one year generally will be taxed as long-term capital gain or loss. However, to the extent the amount realized on the sale or exchange is attributable to unrealized receivables or inventory owned by us, such amount realized will not be treated as realized from the sale of a capital asset and will give rise to ordinary gain or loss. Unrealized receivables are defined under Internal Revenue Code Section 751(c) to include receivables not previously included in income under the company's method of accounting
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and certain items of depreciation recapture. We will assist those members that sell units in determining that portion of the amount realized that is attributable to unrealized receivables or inventory of our company.
Effect of Tax Code Section 754 Election on Unit Transfers
The adjusted basis of each unit holder in his units, "outside basis," initially will equal his proportionate share of our adjusted basis in our assets, "inside basis." Over time, however, it is probable that changes in unit values and cost recovery deductions will cause the value of a unit to differ materially from the unit holder's proportionate share of the inside basis. Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code permits a partnership to make an election that allows a transferee who acquires units either by purchase or upon the death of a unit holder to adjust his share of the inside basis to fair market value as reflected by the unit price in the case of a purchase or the estate tax value of the unit in the case of an acquisition upon death of a unit holder. Once the amount of the transferee's basis adjustment is determined, it is allocated among our various assets pursuant to Section 755 of the Internal Revenue Code.
A Section 754 election is beneficial to the transferee when his outside basis is greater than his proportionate share of the entity's inside basis. In this case, a special basis calculation is made solely for the benefit of the transferee that will determine his cost recovery deductions and his gain or loss on disposition of property by reference to his higher outside basis. The Section 754 election will be detrimental to the transferee if his outside basis is less than his proportionate share of inside basis.
If we make a Section 754 election, Treasury Regulations require us to make the basis adjustments. In addition, these regulations place the responsibility for reporting basis adjustments on us. We must report basis adjustments by attaching statements to our partnership returns. In addition, we are required to adjust specific partnership items in light of the basis adjustments. Consequently, amounts reported on the transferee's Schedule K-1 are adjusted amounts.
Transferees are subject to an affirmative obligation to notify us of their bases in acquired interests. To accommodate concerns about the reliability of the information provided, we are entitled to rely on the written representations of transferees concerning either the amount paid for the partnership interest or the transferee's basis in the partnership interest under Section 1014 of the Internal Revenue Code, unless clearly erroneous.
Our amended and restated operating agreement provides our directors with authority to determine whether or not a Section 754 election will be made. Depending on the circumstances, the value of units may be affected positively or negatively by whether or not we make a Section 754 election. If we decide to make a Section 754 election, the election will be made on a timely filed partnership income tax return and is effective for transfers occurring in the taxable year of the return in which the election is made. Once made, the Section 754 election is irrevocable unless the Internal Revenue Service consents to its revocation.
Our Dissolution and Liquidation may be Taxable to Investors Unless our Properties are Distributed In-Kind
Our dissolution and liquidation will involve the distribution to investors of the assets, if any, remaining after payment of all of our debts and liabilities. Upon dissolution, investors' units may be liquidated by one or more distributions of cash or other property. If investors receive only cash upon the dissolution, gain would be recognized by investors to the extent, if any, that the amount of cash received exceeds investors' adjusted bases in investors' units. We will recognize no gain or loss if we distribute our own property in a dissolution event. However, since our primary asset will likely be the ethanol plant, it is unlikely that we will make a distribution in kind.
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Reporting Requirements
The IRS requires taxpayers who sell or exchange a membership unit to notify us in writing within 30 days, or for transfers occurring on or after December 16 of any year, by January 15 of the following year. The IRS reporting requirement is limited to Section 751(a) exchanges, wherein the amount of any money, or the fair market value of any property, received by a Member in exchange for all or a part of his interest in us is attributable to our unrealized receivables or inventory. The written notice required by the IRS must include the names and addresses of both parties to the exchange, the identifying numbers of the transferor, and if known, of the transferee, and the exchange date. Currently the IRS imposes a penalty of $50 for failure to file the written notice unless reasonable cause can be shown.
Tax Information to Members
We will annually provide each member with a Schedule K-1 (or an authorized substitute). Each member's Schedule K-1 will set out the holder's distributive share of each item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit to be separately stated. Each member must report all items consistently with Schedule K-1 or, if an inconsistent position is reported, must notify the IRS of any inconsistency by filing Form 8062 "Notice of Inconsistent Treatment or Administrative Adjustment Request" with the original or amended return in which the inconsistent position is taken.
Audit of Income Tax Returns
The Internal Revenue Service may audit our income tax returns and may challenge positions taken by us for tax purposes and may seek to change our allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction to investors. If the IRS were successful in challenging our allocations in a manner that reduces loss or increases income allocable to investors, investors may have additional tax liabilities. In addition, such an audit could lead to separate audits of an investor's tax returns, especially if adjustments are required, which could result in adjustments on an investors' tax returns. Any of these events could result in additional tax liabilities, penalties and interest to investors, and the cost of filing amended tax returns.
Generally, investors are required to file their tax returns in a manner consistent with the information returns filed by us, such as Schedule K-1, or investors may be subject to possible penalties, unless they file a statement with their tax returns describing any inconsistency. In addition, we will select a "tax matters member" who will have certain responsibilities with respect to any Internal Revenue Service audit and any court litigation relating to us. Investors should consult their tax advisors as to the potential impact these procedural rules may have on them.
Prior to 1982, regardless of the size of a partnership, adjustments to a partnership's items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit had to be made in separate proceedings with respect to each partner individually. Because a large partnership sometimes had many partners located in different audit districts, adjustments to items of income, gains, losses, deductions or credits of the partnership had to be made in numerous actions in several jurisdictions, sometimes with conflicting outcomes. The Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 ("TEFRA") established unified audit rules applicable to all but certain small partnerships. These rules require the tax treatment of all "partnership items" to be determined at the partnership, rather than the partner, level. Partnership items are those items that are more appropriately determined at the partnership level than at the partner level, as provided by regulations. Since we will be taxed as a partnership, the TEFRA rules are applicable to our members and us.
The Internal Revenue Service may challenge the reporting position of a partnership by conducting a single administrative proceeding to resolve the issue with respect to all partners. But the Internal Revenue Service must still assess any resulting deficiency against each of the taxpayers who were partners in the year in which the understatement of tax liability arose. Any partner of a partnership can request an administrative adjustment or a refund for his own separate tax liability. Any partner also has
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the right to participate in partnership-level administrative proceedings. A settlement agreement with respect to partnership items binds all parties to the settlement. The TEFRA rules establish the "Tax Matters Member" as the primary representative of a partnership in dealings with the Internal Revenue Service. The Tax Matters Member must be a "member-manager" which is defined as a company member who, alone or together with others, is vested with the continuing exclusive authority to make the management decisions necessary to conduct the business for which the organization was formed. In our case, this would be a member of the board of directors who is also a unit holder of the company. Our amended and restated operating agreement provides for board designation of the Tax Matters Member. Currently, Revis L. Stephenson, III is serving as our Tax Matters Member. The Internal Revenue Service generally is required to give notice of the beginning of partnership-level administrative proceedings and any resulting administrative adjustment to all partners whose names and addresses are furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
Interest on Underpayment of Taxes; Accuracy-Related Penalties; Negligence Penalties
If we incorrectly report an investor's distributive share of our net income, such may cause the investor to underpay his taxes. If it is determined that the investor underpaid his taxes for any taxable year, the investor must pay the amount of taxes he underpaid plus interest on the underpayment and possibly penalties from the date the tax was originally due. Under recent law changes, the accrual of interest and penalties may be suspended for certain qualifying individual taxpayers if the IRS does not notify an investor of amounts owing within 18 months of the date the investor filed his income tax return. The suspension period ends 21 days after the Internal Revenue Service sends the required notice. The rate of interest is compounded daily and is adjusted quarterly.
Under Section 6662 of the Internal Revenue Code, penalties may be imposed relating to the accuracy of tax returns that are filed. A 20% penalty is imposed with respect to any "substantial understatement of income tax" and with respect to the portion of any underpayment of tax attributable to a "substantial valuation misstatement" or to "negligence." All those penalties are subject to an exception to the extent a taxpayer had reasonable cause for a position and acted in good faith.
The Internal Revenue Service may impose a 20% penalty with respect to any underpayment of tax attributable to negligence. An underpayment of taxes is attributable to negligence if such underpayment results from any failure to make a reasonable attempt to comply with the provisions of the Code, or any careless, reckless, or intentional disregard of the federal income tax rules or regulations. In addition, regulations provide that the failure by a taxpayer to include on a tax return any amount shown on an information return is strong evidence of negligence. The disclosure of a position on the taxpayer's return will not necessarily prevent the imposition of the negligence penalty.
State and Local Taxes
In addition to the federal income tax consequences described above, investors should consider the state and local tax consequences of an investment in us. This prospectus makes no attempt to summarize the state and local tax consequences to an investor. Investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding state and local tax obligations.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the issuance of the units offered will be passed upon for us by Brown, Winick, Graves, Gross, Baskerville and Schoenebaum, P.L.C.
We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings.
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EXPERTS
McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our financial statements as of March 31, 2005 and for the period then ended as stated in their report appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and registration statement. We have included our financial statements in the prospectus and elsewhere in this registration statement in reliance on the report from McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
TRANSFER AGENT
We will serve as our transfer agent and registrar.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement on Form SB-2 (the "Registration Statement") under the Securities Act, with respect to the offer and sale of membership units pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus, filed as a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules thereto in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission. Statements made in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract, agreement or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are summaries of the terms of such contracts, agreements or documents and are not necessarily complete. Reference is made to each such exhibit for a more complete description of the matters involved and such statements shall be deemed qualified in their entirety by such reference. The registration statement including the exhibits and schedules thereto are filed with the Commission and may be inspected, without charge, and copies may be obtained at prescribed rates, at the public reference facility maintained by the Commission at its principal office at Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. The Commission also maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission.
Except for our duty to deliver audited annual financial statements to our members pursuant to our amended and restated operating agreement, we are not required to deliver an annual report to security holders and currently do not intend to do so. We do not intend to register securities under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 at this time and will not be required to comply with the rules regarding proxy solicitations unless we later become subject to such rules under Section 12. Our directors, officers and beneficial owners will also not be required to report their beneficial ownership of units to the Commission pursuant to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 unless we later become subject to such requirements under Section 12. However, as of effectiveness of our registration statement, we will be required to file periodic reports with the Commision pursuant to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our quarterly reports will be made on Form 10-QSB, and our annual reports are made on Form 10-KSB. As of the date of this prospectus, our filing will be made pursuant to Regulation S-B for small business filers. We will also make current reports on Form 8-K. Each filing we make with the Commission is immediately available to the public for inspection and copying at the Commission's public reference facilities and the web site of the Commission referred to above or by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our reporting obligations will be automatically suspended if we have less than 300 securities holders. If this occurs, we will no longer be obligated to file periodic reports with the Commission and your access to business informatin will then be limted.
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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| | Page
|
---|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | | F-2 |
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF MARCH 31, 2005 | | |
| BALANCE SHEET | | F-3 |
| STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS | | F-4 |
| STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY | | F-5 |
| STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS | | F-6 |
| NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | | F-7 |
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF JUNE 30, 2005 | | |
| BALANCE SHEET | | F-11 |
| STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS | | F-12 |
| STATEMENT OF MEMBERS' EQUITY | | F-13 |
| STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS | | F-14 |
| NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | | F-15 |
F-1
McGladrey & Pullen
Certified Public Accountants
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors
Advanced BioEnergy, LLC
Fairmont, Nebraska
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC (a development stage company) (the Company) as of March 31, 2005, and the related statements of operations, changes in members' equity and cash flows for the period from January 4, 2005 (date of inception) to March 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC as of March 31, 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from January 4, 2005 (date of inception) to March 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Des Moines, Iowa
May 2, 2005
F-2
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
BALANCE SHEET
March 31, 2005
ASSETS | | | | |
CURRENT ASSETS | | | | |
| Cash | | $ | 894,618 | |
| |
| |
OTHER ASSETS | | | | |
| Land option deposits | | | 15,000 | |
| Deferred offering costs | | | 68,515 | |
| |
| |
| | | 83,515 | |
| |
| |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 978,133 | |
| |
| |
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY | | | | |
CURRENT LIABILITIES | | | | |
| Accounts payable | | $ | 72,725 | |
| |
| |
MEMBERS' EQUITY | | | | |
| Contributed capital, $10 par value, authorized 10,000,000 units, issued and outstanding 307,500 units | | | 1,025,000 | |
| Deficit accumulated during development stage | | | (119,592 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | 905,408 | |
| |
| |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY | | $ | 978,133 | |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-3
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception)
to March 31, 2005
REVENUES | | $ | — | |
OPERATING EXPENSES | | | | |
| Start up expenses | | | 72,480 | |
| Accounting | | | 1,680 | |
| Consulting fees | | | 10,683 | |
| Legal | | | 19,519 | |
| Directors meetings and expenses | | | 12,221 | |
| Office | | | 1,806 | |
| Utilities | | | 1,181 | |
| Miscellaneous | | | 22 | |
| |
| |
| | | 119,592 | |
| |
| |
DEFICIT ACCUMULATED DURING DEVELOPMENT STAGE | | $ | (119,592 | ) |
| |
| |
Weighted Average Units Outstanding | | | 108,102 | |
| |
| |
Net Loss Per Unit — Basic and Diluted | | $ | (1.11 | ) |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-4
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY
Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception)
to March 31, 2005
MEMBERS' EQUITY—January 4, 2005 | | $ | — | |
Issuance of 307,500 membership units | | | 1,025,000 | |
Deficit accumulated during development stage | | | (119,592 | ) |
| |
| |
MEMBERS' EQUITY—March 31, 2005 | | $ | 905,408 | |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-5
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception)
to March 31, 2005
OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
| Deficit accumulated during development stage | | $ | (119,592 | ) |
| Increase in accounts payable | | | 49,331 | |
| |
| |
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | (70,261 | ) |
| |
| |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
| Payment of land option deposits | | | (15,000 | ) |
| |
| |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
| Contributed capital | | | 1,000,000 | |
| Payment of deferred offering costs | | | (20,121 | ) |
| |
| |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | 979,879 | |
| |
| |
NET INCREASE IN CASH | | | 894,618 | |
CASH—beginning of period | | | — | |
| |
| |
CASH—end of period | | $ | 894,618 | |
| |
| |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH OPERATING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | |
| Accounts payable incurred for deferred offering costs | | $ | 23,394 | |
| Consulting services classified as deferred offering costs received in exchange for 7,500 membership units | | $ | 25,000 | |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-6
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2005
NOTE A: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY—Advanced BioEnergy, LLC is a development stage Delaware limited liability company (the Company). The Company was organized in January 2005 to pool investors to build a 100 million gallons per year ethanol plant to be located near Fairmont, Nebraska. Construction is projected to begin in 2006. As of March 31, 2005, the Company is in the development stage with its efforts being principally devoted to organizational and equity raising activities.
USE OF ESTIMATES—The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
FISCAL REPORTING PERIOD—The Company has adopted a fiscal year ending October 31 for financial reporting purposes.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company's cash balances are maintained in bank depositories and exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts.
DEFERRED OFFERING COSTS—The Company defers costs incurred to raise equity financing until that financing occurs. At the time of issuance of such new equity, these costs will be netted against the proceeds received. If the financing does not occur, such costs will be expensed. These costs totaled $68,515 at March 31, 2005.
INCOME TAXES—The Company is organized as a limited liability company under Delaware law. Under this type of organization, the Company is treated as a partnership for federal and state income tax purposes with its earnings or losses passing through to the members and subject to taxation at the member level. Accordingly, no income tax provision or benefit is reflected in these financial statements.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND START UP COSTS—The company expenses all organizational and start up costs as they are incurred.
MEMBER'S EQUITY—All unit disclosures within the financial statements and parenthetical disclosures within the footnotes have been retroactively adjusted for the unit distributions discussed in Note B.
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER UNIT—Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per unit are computed using the weighted-average number of units outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per unit is the same as basic loss per unit as no equivalent units existed at March 31, 2005. The effect of the unit distribution discussed in Note B has been retroactively applied to the weighted average units outstanding in the earnings (loss) per unit computation.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS—The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued Statement No. 123 (Revised),Share-Based Payment (FAS123(R)). This Statement establishes standards for accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs
F-7
liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity's equity instruments, or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. Statement No. 123(R) covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements, including share options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights and employee share purchase plans. FAS 123(R) replaces existing requirements under FASB Statement No. 123 and eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions using the intrinsic value method prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25. For the Company, FAS 123(R) is effective as of the first interim or annual reporting period that begins after December 15, 2005.
NOTE B: MEMBERS' EQUITY
The Company was formed on January 4, 2005 to have a perpetual life. It was initially capitalized by its members who contributed an aggregate of $550,000 for 55,000 (retroactively adjusted to 165,000) membership units. The Company will initially have one class of membership units with the board of directors having the authority to create additional classes of units if deemed necessary.
As specified in its amended and restated operating agreement, the Company is authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 membership units with any additional units requiring the consent of a majority of the members.
The Company issued a confidential private placement memorandum (seed capital offering) in February 2005, for the sale of 150,000 (retroactively adjusted to 450,000) membership units, including the 55,000 (retroactively adjusted to 165,000) originally contributed, at $10 per unit or $1,500,000, with no stated minimum requirement. The minimum investment for a potential investor is 5,000 units or $50,000, with increments of 500 units or $5,000, thereafter. The entire purchase amount is due upon subscribing. As of March 31, 2005 the Company had collected $1,000,000, including the $550,000 originally contributed, for 100,000 (retroactively adjusted to 300,000) membership units and issued an additional 2,500 (retroactively adjusted to 7,500) units for services to be provided. Subsequent to March 31, 2005 the Company received subscriptions for the balance of the $1,500,000 and closed the offering on April 14, 2005 for the purpose of funding the development, organizational and offering expenses.
The initial board of directors authorized a unit distribution to the seed capital members equal to two additional units for every one unit issued and outstanding at the time the seed capital offering is closed. This has been accounted for similar to a stock split with retroactive adjustment to the number of shares outstanding as of March 31, 2005.
The Company intends to file a Form SB-2 Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in May 2005. Management anticipates that this offering will be for a minimum of 3,366,250 and a maximum of 6,732,500 membership units for sale at $10 per unit. However, there can be no assurance that such units will be sold.
Income and losses are allocated to all members based upon their respective percentage of units held.
The transfer of units is restricted by the Company's operating agreement. Generally, unless a transfer is permitted under our operating agreement or by operation of law, such as upon death, units cannot be transferred without the prior written approval of a majority of directors.
NOTE C: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company pays a member for project coordination services during the development stage and related equity financing activities. As of March 31, 2005 the Company had incurred consulting charges of $31,750 that has been included in deferred offering costs. See the consulting agreement terms in Note D.
F-8
The Company had accounts payable to related parties totaling $3,631 as of March 31, 2005.
A member of the Company is currently the president of the Company's primary bank depository.
NOTE D: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The total cost of the project, including the construction of the ethanol plant and start-up expenses, is expected to be approximately $132,500,000. The Company anticipates funding the development of the ethanol plant by raising equity of at least $33,662,500 and securing financing for up to $98,837,500. The amount of debt financing needed depends on the amount of equity raised in the offering. Currently, the Company has signed a letter of intent with an unrelated contractor to design and build the ethanol plant at a total contract price of approximately $98,000,000 which is contingent upon raising the equity and obtaining adequate financing.
The Company has no contracts or commitments with any bank, lender, or financial institution for this debt financing. There are no assurances that the Company will be able to obtain the necessary debt financing, other financing or grants sufficient to capitalize the project
In February 2005, the Company entered into a contract to have the option to purchase approximately 87 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $478,500. The Company deposited $5,000 of earnest money with an unrelated party for this option. The initial option shall extend until August 1, 2006. If the option is exercised during the time permitted, the $5,000 deposit will be applied to the purchase price.
During February 2005, the Company entered into another agreement to have the option to purchase up to 112 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $6,000 per acre. The Company deposited $10,000 of earnest money with an unrelated party for this option. The initial option shall extend until August 1, 2006. If the option is exercised during the time permitted, the $10,000 deposit will be applied to the purchase price.
In March 2005, the Company signed an agreement with a related party for assistance with negotiation of contracts, planning the equity marketing effort and securing debt financing. The agreement begins upon execution and shall continue through the closing date as defined in the agreement. The development consultant will receive compensation as follows: 2,500 (retroactively restated to 7,500) unrestricted membership units (valued at $25,000) at execution, $1,500 per week from execution through the closing of the equity financing and $375 per day after the closing of the equity financing, plus reimbursement of approved expenses up to a weekly maximum reimbursement of $750.
In addition, the development consultant will receive a bonus of 42,500 restricted membership units within 30 days of the close of the seed capital offering. If the Company does not begin construction of the project on or before December 31, 2007 or files Articles of Dissolution before beginning construction of the project, the consultant is required to return the restricted units to the Company without payment of consideration.
The Company may only terminate this agreement for cause as defined in the consulting agreement. The consultant may terminate this agreement with fourteen days' written notice.
In March 2005, the Company signed an agreement with an unrelated party for initial railroad engineering services. The estimated cost of the services is $7,000, which is to be billed on an actual
F-9
time and materials basis. As of March 31, 2005 the Company had incurred charges of $6,889 which are included in accounts payable.
The Company signed an agreement with an unrelated entity for consulting and energy management services relative to supplies of natural gas and electricity of the plant commencing April 1, 2005 and continuing for twenty-four months after the plant's completion date. This agreement may be terminated by either party after the initial term by sixty days' written notice. The fees include $35,000 payable upon the April 1, 2005 commencement and $3,500 per month beginning after start up of the plant plus approved travel expenses.
In March 2005, the Company signed a planting agreement, in concurrence with the land purchase options, with an unrelated agricultural producer for $190 per acre plus specified actual expenses for loss of profit and fertilizer costs incurred to the date of the agreement from a requested crop rotation change. As of March 31, 2005, the Company has included $20,900 of these expenses in accounts payable. In addition, the Company is responsible for any crop damages that may occur as a result of plant site exploration subsequent to the planting of the crop.
The Company has an agreement to compensate the original two members of the Company for development fees in a total sum of 1% of the total project cost to be paid in member units in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop the Company. These fees are currently estimated at $1,325,000 or 132,500 units of which 125,000 units were issued subsequent to March 31, 2005 and any additional units will be issued upon substantial completion of construction of the plant based on the actual project costs. These membership units will be considered restricted until certain requirements within the agreement are reached.
If the Company files Articles of Dissolution or another event prevents successful ethanol production by the Company, these members will be required to return the restricted units to the Company without payment of consideration.
NOTE E: SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In April 2005, the Company entered into two contracts to have the option to purchase approximately 103 acres and 148 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $566,500 and $740,000, respectively. The Company deposited $5,000 and $10,000 of earnest money with an unrelated party for these options. The options extend until August 1, 2006. If the options are exercised during the time permitted, the deposits will be applied to the purchase price.
F-10
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited)
June 30, 2005
ASSETS | | | | |
CURRENT ASSETS | | | | |
| Cash | | $ | 1,184,564 | |
| Prepaid consulting fees | | | 416,667 | |
| |
| |
| | TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS | | | 1,601,231 | |
OTHER ASSETS | | | | |
| Land option deposits | | | 30,000 | |
| Deposits | | | 700 | |
| Deferred offering and financing costs | | | 637,954 | |
| Prepaid consulting fees | | | 416,667 | |
| |
| |
| | | 1,085,321 | |
| |
| |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 2,686,552 | |
| |
| |
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY | | | | |
CURRENT LIABILITIES | | | | |
| Accounts payable | | $ | 121,459 | |
MEMBERS' EQUITY | | | | |
| Contributed capital, $10 par value, authorized 20,000,000 units, issued and outstanding 625,000 | | | 3,180,538 | |
| Deficit accumulated during development stage | | | (615,445 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | 2,565,093 | |
| |
| |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY | | $ | 2,686,552 | |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements.
F-11
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2005
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2005
| | Period From Inception (Jan 4, 2005) to June 30, 2005
| |
---|
REVENUES | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
OPERATING EXPENSES | | | | | | | |
| Start up expenses | | | 428,795 | | | 501,275 | |
| Accounting | | | 580 | | | 2,260 | |
| Consulting fees | | | 47,071 | | | 57,754 | |
| Legal | | | 9,438 | | | 28,957 | |
| Dues | | | 44 | | | 44 | |
| Directors meetings and expenses | | | 7,517 | | | 19,738 | |
| Office | | | 704 | | | 2,510 | |
| Insurance | | | 22 | | | 22 | |
| Utilities | | | 912 | | | 2,093 | |
| Advertising and promotion | | | 770 | | | 770 | |
| Miscellaneous | | | — | | | 22 | |
| |
| |
| |
| | | 495,853 | | | 615,445 | |
| |
| |
| |
DEFICIT ACCUMULATED DURING DEVELOPMENT STAGE | | $ | (495,853 | ) | $ | (615,445 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
Weighted Average Units Outstanding | | | 467,810 | | | 291,911 | |
Net Loss Per Unit—Basic and Diluted | | $ | (1.06 | ) | $ | (2.11 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements.
F-12
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception)
to June 30, 2005
MEMBERS' EQUITY—January 4, 2005 | | | — | |
Issuance of 307,500 membership units | | $ | 1,025,000 | |
Net loss | | | (119,592 | ) |
| |
| |
MEMBERS' EQUITY—March 31, 2005 | | | 905,408 | |
Issuance of 317,500 membership units | | | 2,175,000 | |
Costs of raising capital incurred in connection with private placement memorandum | | | (19,462 | ) |
Net loss | | | (495,853 | ) |
| |
| |
MEMBERS' EQUITY—June 30, 2005 | | $ | 2,565,093 | |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements.
F-13
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2005
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2005
| | Period From Inception (Jan 4, 2005) to June 30, 2005
| |
---|
OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | |
| Deficit accumulated during development stage | | $ | (495,853 | ) | $ | (615,445 | ) |
| Charges to net loss not affecting cash | | | | | | | |
| Consulting services exchanged for membership units | | | 416,666 | | | 416,666 | |
| Increase (decrease) in accounts payable | | | (9,919 | ) | | 35,587 | |
| |
| |
| |
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | (89,106 | ) | | (163,192 | ) |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | |
| Payment of deposit | | | (700 | ) | | (700 | ) |
| Payment of land option deposits | | | (15,000 | ) | | (30,000 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | (15,700 | ) | | (30,700 | ) |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | |
| Contributed capital | | | 500,000 | | | 1,500,000 | |
| Payment of deferred offering costs | | | (105,248 | ) | | (121,544 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | 394,752 | | | 1,378,456 | |
| |
| |
| |
NET INCREASE IN CASH | | | 289,946 | | | 1,184,564 | |
CASH—beginning of period | | | 894,618 | | | — | |
| |
| |
| |
CASH—end of period | | $ | 1,184,564 | | $ | 1,184,564 | |
| |
| |
| |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |
| Accounts payable incurred for deferred offering costs | | $ | 85,872 | | $ | 85,872 | |
| |
| |
| |
See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements.
F-14
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the period ended June 30, 2005
NOTE A: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY— Advanced BioEnergy, LLC is a development stage Delaware limited liability company (the Company). The Company was organized in January 2005 to pool investors to build a 100 million gallon ethanol plant to be located near Fairmont, Nebraska. Construction is projected to begin in 2006. As of June 30, 2005, the Company is in the development stage with its efforts being principally devoted to organizational and equity raising activities.
The accompanying financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2005 are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and operating results for the interim periods. These unaudited financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto, for the period from inception (January 4, 2005) to March 31, 2005. The results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year.
USE OF ESTIMATES — The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
FISCAL REPORTING PERIOD — The Company has adopted a fiscal year ending September 30 for financial reporting purposes.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company's cash balances are maintained in bank depositories and exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts.
PREPAID CONSULTING FEES — In May 2005, the Company agreed to compensate the original two members in the form of the restricted equity units valued at $1.25 million for their past and continued efforts in developing the project. These efforts include the filing of the SB-2 registration form, securing of debt financing and beginning of plant operations. As the members continue to provide services and achieve the selected milestones, the earned portion of the compensation will be expensed as start up expenses. As of June 30, 2005, $416,666 had been earned and expensed with the remaining $833,334 being included in current and other assets.
DEFERRED OFFERING AND FINANCING COSTS — The Company defers costs incurred to raise equity and debt financing until the related equity or debt is issued. At the time of issuance of such new equity, the deferred offering costs will be netted against the proceeds received. Once the debt financing is secured and principal payment begins, the deferred financing costs will be amortized over the term of the debt. If the equity and debt financing does not occur, such costs will be expensed. These costs totaled $637,954 at June 30, 2005.
During the quarter ended June 30, 2005 the Company reclassified $19,462 of deferred offering costs against the equity raised under the private placement memorandum.
INCOME TAXES — The Company is organized as a limited liability company under Delaware law. Under this type of organization, the Company is treated as a partnership for federal and state
F-15
income tax purposes with its earnings or losses passing through to the members and subject to taxation at the member level. Accordingly, no income tax provision or benefit is reflected in these financial statements.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND START UP COSTS — The Company expenses all organizational and start up costs as they are incurred.
DEPOSITS — To secure office space, the Company was required to pay one month's rent in advance in the form of a refundable deposit. The deposit is recorded at cost.
MEMBER'S EQUITY — All unit disclosures within the financial statements and parenthetical disclosures within the footnotes have been retroactively adjusted for the unit distributions discussed in Note B.
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER UNIT — Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per unit are computed using the weighted-average number of units outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per unit is the same as basic loss per unit as no equivalent units existed at June 30, 2005. The effect of the unit distribution discussed in Note B has been retroactively applied to the weighted average units outstanding in the earnings (loss) per unit computation. The weighted average units outstanding have been reduced by the restricted units that are also discussed in Note B.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PROUNCEMENTS — The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued Statement No. 123 (Revised),Share-Based Payment (FAS123(R)). This Statement establishes standards for accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which and entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity's equity instruments, or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. Statement No. 123(R) covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements, including share options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights and employee share purchase plans. FAS 123(R) replaces existing requirements under FASB Statement No. 123 and eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions using the intrinsic value method prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25. For the Company, FAS 123(R) is effective as of the first interim or annual reporting period that begins after December 15, 2005.
NOTE B: MEMBERS' EQUITY
The Company was formed on January 4, 2005 to have a perpetual life. It was initially capitalized by its members who contributed an aggregate of $550,000 for 55,000 (retroactively adjusted to 165,000) membership units. The Company will initially have one class of membership units with the board of directors having the authority to create additional classes of units if deemed necessary.
As specified in its amended and restated operating agreement, the Company is authorized to issue up to 20,000,000 membership units with any additional units requiring the consent of a majority of the members.
The Company issued a confidential private placement memorandum (seed capital offering) in February 2005, for the sale of 150,000 (retroactively adjusted to 450,000) membership units, including the 55,000 (retroactively adjusted to 165,000) originally contributed, at $10 per unit or $1,500,000, with no stated minimum requirement. The minimum investment for a potential investor is 5,000 units or $50,000, with increments of 500 units or $5,000, thereafter. The entire purchase amount is due upon subscribing. As of March 31, 2005 the Company had collected $1,000,000, including the $550,000 originally contributed, for 100,000 (retroactively adjusted to 300,000) membership units and issued an additional 2,500 (retroactively adjusted to 7,500) units for services to be provided. The Company received subscriptions for the balance of the $1,500,000 and closed the offering on April 14, 2005 for the purpose of funding the development, organizational and offering expenses.
F-16
The initial board of directors authorized a unit distribution to the seed capital members equal to two additional units for every one unit issued and outstanding at the time the seed capital offering is closed. This has been accounted for similar to a stock split with retroactive adjustment to the number of shares outstanding.
Subsequent to the unit distribution, the Company issued 42,500 restricted membership units to a related development consultant company for services discussed in Note C. The restriction on the units provide for the return of the units if the Company does not begin construction of the project on or before December 31, 2007 or files Articles of Dissolution before beginning construction of the project.
The Company also issued an additional 125,000 restricted membership units to the two initial members of the Company for services discussed in Note D. The restrictions on these units are removed equally upon the Company reaching three separate milestones. These milestones relate to filing of Form SB-2 with the Securities and Exchange Commission, executing a definitive financing agreement, and production of ethanol from the completed project. At June 30, 2005, 83,333 units remain restricted from the original issuance of 125,000 units.
The Company intends to file a finalized Form SB-2 Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in November 2005. Management anticipates that this offering will be for a minimum of 3,366,250 and a maximum of 6,732,500 membership units for sale at $10 per unit. However, there can be no assurance that such units will be sold.
Income and losses are allocated to all members based upon their respective percentage of units held.
The transfer of units is restricted by the Company's operating agreement. Generally, unless a transfer is permitted under our operating agreement or by operation of law, such as upon death, units cannot be transferred without the prior written approval of a majority of directors.
NOTE C: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company paid the development consultant company for assistance with negotiation of contracts, planning of the equity marketing effort and securing of debt financing. As of June 30, 2005 the Company had incurred consulting charges of $459,000, which include 42,500 units issued for services valued at $425,000 that has been included in deferred offering costs. See the agreement terms in Note D.
The Company had accounts payable to related parties totaling $6,071 as of June 30, 2005.
A member of the Company is currently the president of the Company's primary bank depository.
NOTE D: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The total cost of the project, including the construction of the ethanol plant and start-up expenses, is expected to approximate $132,500,000. The Company anticipates funding the development of the ethanol plant by raising equity of at least $33,662,500 and securing financing for up to $98,837,500 million. The amount of debt financing needed depends on the amount of equity raised in the offering. Currently, the Company has signed a letter of intent with an unrelated contractor to design and build the ethanol plant at a total contract price of approximately $98,000,000 which is contingent upon raising the equity and obtaining adequate financing. In May 2005 the Company received a summary of proposed terms from a financial institution for this debt financing with no formal commitment rendered as of June 30, 2005.
F-17
There are no assurances that the Company will be able to obtain the necessary debt financing, other financing or grants sufficient to capitalize the project.
In February 2005, the Company entered into a contract to have the option to purchase approximately 87 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $478,500. The Company deposited $5,000 of earnest money with an unrelated party for this option. The initial option shall extend until August 1, 2006. If the option is exercised during the time permitted, the $5,000 deposit will be applied to the purchase price.
During February 2005, the Company entered into another agreement to have the option to purchase up to 112 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $6,000 per acre. The Company deposited $10,000 of earnest money with a related party for this option. The initial option shall extend until August 1, 2006. If the option is exercised during the time permitted, the $10,000 deposit will be applied to the purchase price.
In April 2005, the Company entered into two contracts to have the option to purchase approximately 103 acres and 148 acres of land in Fillmore County, Nebraska, for $566,500 and $740,000, respectively. The Company deposited $5,000 and $10,000, respectively, of earnest money with unrelated parties for these options. The options extend until August 1, 2006. If the options are exercised during the time permitted, the deposits will be applied to the purchase price.
In March 2005, the Company signed an agreement with a related party for assistance with negotiation of contracts, planning of the equity marketing effort and securing of debt financing. The agreement begins upon execution and shall continue through the closing date as defined in the agreement. The development consultant will receive compensation as follows: 2,500 (retroactively restated to 7,500) unrestricted membership units (valued at $25,000) at execution, $1,500 per week from execution through the closing of the equity financing and $375 per day after the closing of the equity financing, plus reimbursement of approved expenses up to a weekly maximum reimbursement of $750. In addition, the development consultant received a bonus of 42,500 restricted membership units (valued at $425,000) subsequent to the close of the seed capital offering. The Company may only terminate this agreement for cause as defined in the consulting agreement. The consultant may terminate this agreement with fourteen days' written notice.
In March 2005, the Company signed an agreement with an unrelated party for initial railroad engineering services. The estimated cost of the services is $7,000, which is to be billed on an actual time and materials basis. As of June 30, 2005 the Company had incurred charges of approximately $7,000 which are included in accounts payable.
The Company signed an agreement with an unrelated entity for consulting and energy management services relative to supplies of natural gas and electricity of the plant commencing April 1, 2005 and continuing for twenty-four months after the plant's completion date. This agreement may be terminated by either party after the initial term by sixty days' written notice. The fees include $35,000 payable upon the April 1, 2005 commencement and $3,500 per month beginning after start up of the plant plus approved travel expenses.
In March 2005, the Company signed a planting agreement, in concurrence with the land purchase options, with a related agricultural producer for $190 per acre plus specified actual expenses for loss of profit and fertilizer costs incurred to the date of the agreement from a requested crop rotation change. As of June 30, 2005, the Company has included approximately $21,000 of these expenses in accounts
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payable. In addition, the Company is responsible for any crop damages that may occur as a result of plant site exploration subsequent to the planting of the crop.
The Company has an agreement to compensate the original two members of the Company for development fees in a total sum of 1% of the total project cost to be paid in member units in exchange for their efforts to organize and develop the project. These fees are currently estimated at $1,325,000 or 132,500 units of which 125,000 units were issued on May 19, 2005 and any additional units will be issued upon substantial completion of construction of the plant based on the actual project costs. These membership units will be considered restricted until certain requirements within the agreement are reached. If the Company files Articles of Dissolution or another event prevents successful ethanol production by the Company, these members will be required to return the restricted units to the Company without payment of consideration.
In April 2005, the Company entered into an environmental permitting consulting agreement with an unrelated party under a time and materials payment basis with total costs estimated to be between $31,700 and $51,700.
In June 2005, the Company entered into an 18 month operating lease for office space beginning July 1, 2005 and ending November 30, 2006. Lease terms consist of $700 monthly payments plus Company reimbursement of mutually agreed upon leasehold improvements made by the Lessor in excess of $5,000. Minimum lease payments in future years ending June 30, 2006 and 2007 will equal $8,400 and $4,200, respectively.
In June 2005 the Company retained the services of a legal firm specializing in the areas of environmental permitting, securities, tax incentives and financing at an initial retainer of $7,500.
F-19
EXHIBIT A
CERTIFICATE OF FORMATION
OF
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
This Certificate of Formation of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC (the "Company"), dated as of December29, 2004, is being duly executed and filed by Revis Stephenson, an Authorized Person, to form a limited liability company under the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, Del. Code, tit. 6, Section 18-101et seq., as amended from time to time (the "Act").
- 1.
- Name. The name the limited liability company formed hereby is "Advanced BioEnergy, LLC."
- 2.
- Registered Office. The address of the initial registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware is The Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.
- 3.
- Registered Agent. The name and address of the registered agent for service of process on the Company in the State of Delaware is The Corporation Trust Company, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate of Formation as of the date first above written.
| | AUTHORIZED PERSON |
| | /s/ REVIS L. STEPHENSON Revis Stephenson |
State of Delaware Secretary of State Division of Corporations Delivered 08:00 AM: 01/04/2005 Filed 08:00 AM 01/04/2005 SRV 050003702 - 3907248 FILE | | |
EXHIBIT B
AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
Dated Effective June 30, 2005
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
| | Page
|
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SECTION 1: THE COMPANY | | 1 |
| 1.1 | Formation | | 1 |
| 1.2 | Name | | 1 |
| 1.3 | Purpose; Powers | | 1 |
| 1.4 | Principal Place of Business | | 1 |
| 1.5 | Term | | 2 |
| 1.6 | Registered Agent | | 2 |
| 1.7 | Title to Property | | 2 |
| 1.8 | Payment of Individual Obligations | | 2 |
| 1.9 | Independent Activities; Transactions With Affiliates | | 2 |
| 1.10 | Definitions | | 2 |
SECTION 2. CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS | | 7 |
| 2.1 | Original Capital Contributions | | 7 |
| 2.2 | Additional Capital Contributions; Additional Units | | 7 |
| 2.3 | Capital Accounts | | 7 |
SECTION 3. ALLOCATIONS | | 8 |
| 3.1 | Profits | | 8 |
| 3.2 | Losses | | 8 |
| 3.3 | Special Allocations | | 8 |
| 3.4 | Curative Allocations | | 9 |
| 3.5 | Loss Limitation | | 10 |
| 3.6 | Other Allocation Rules | | 10 |
| 3.7 | Tax Allocations: Code Section 704(c) | | 10 |
| 3.8 | Tax Credit Allocations | | 11 |
SECTION 4. DISTRIBUTIONS | | 11 |
| 4.1 | Net Cash Flow | | 11 |
| 4.2 | Amounts Withheld | | 11 |
| 4.3 | Limitations on Distributions | | 11 |
| | | | |
i
SECTION 5. MANAGEMENT | | 11 |
| 5.1 | Directors | | 11 |
| 5.2 | Number of Total Directors | | 11 |
| 5.3 | Election of Directors | | 12 |
| 5.4 | Committees | | 13 |
| 5.5 | Authority of Directors | | 13 |
| 5.6 | Director as Agent | | 14 |
| 5.7 | Restriction on Authority of Directors | | 15 |
| 5.8 | Director Meetings and Notice | | 15 |
| 5.9 | Action Without a Meeting | | 15 |
| 5.10 | Quorum; Manner of Acting | | 16 |
| 5.11 | Voting; Potential Financial Interest | | 16 |
| 5.12 | Duties and Obligations of Directors | | 16 |
| 5.13 | Chairman and Vice Chairman | | 16 |
| 5.14 | President and Chief Executive Officer | | 16 |
| 5.15 | Chief Financial Officer | | 16 |
| 5.16 | Secretary; Assistant Secretary | | 17 |
| 5.17 | Vice President | | 17 |
| 5.18 | Delegation | | 17 |
| 5.19 | Execution of Instruments | | 17 |
| 5.20 | Limitation of Liability; Indemnification of Directors | | 17 |
| 5.21 | Compensation; Expenses of Directors | | 18 |
| 5.22 | Loans | | 18 |
SECTION 6. ROLE OF MEMBERS | | 18 |
| 6.1 | One Membership Class | | 18 |
| 6.2 | Members | | 18 |
| 6.3 | Additional Members | | 18 |
| 6.4 | Rights or Powers | | 18 |
| 6.5 | Voting Rights of Members | | 18 |
| 6.6 | Member Meetings | | 19 |
| 6.7 | Conduct of Meetings | | 19 |
| 6.8 | Notice of Meetings; Waiver | | 19 |
| 6.9 | Quorum and Proxies | | 19 |
| 6.10 | Voting; Action by Members | | 19 |
| 6.11 | Record Date | | 19 |
| 6.12 | Termination of Membership | | 19 |
| 6.13 | Continuation of the Company | | 19 |
| 6.14 | No Obligation to Purchase Membership Interest | | 19 |
| 6.15 | Waiver of Dissenters Rights | | 19 |
SECTION 7. ACCOUNTING, BOOKS AND RECORDS | | 20 |
| 7.1 | Accounting, Books and Records | | 20 |
| 7.2 | Delivery to Members and Inspection | | 20 |
| 7.3 | Reports | | 20 |
| 7.4 | Tax Matters | | 20 |
SECTION 8. AMENDMENTS | | 21 |
| 8.1 | Amendments | | 21 |
| | | | |
ii
SECTION 9. TRANSFERS | | 21 |
| 9.1 | Restrictions on Transfers | | 21 |
| 9.2 | Permitted Transfers | | 21 |
| 9.3 | Conditions Precedent to Transfers | | 22 |
| 9.4 | Prohibited Transfers | | 23 |
| 9.5 | No Dissolution or Termination | | 23 |
| 9.6 | Prohibition of Assignment | | 23 |
| 9.7 | Rights of Unadmitted Assignees | | 23 |
| 9.8 | Admission of Substituted Members | | 24 |
| 9.9 | Representations Regarding Transfers | | 24 |
| 9.10 | Distribution and Allocations in Respect of Transferred Units | | 25 |
| 9.11 | Additional Members | | 25 |
SECTION 10. DISSOLUTION AND WINDING UP | | 25 |
| 10.1 | Dissolution | | 25 |
| 10.2 | Winding Up | | 25 |
| 10.3 | Compliance with Certain Requirements of Regulations; Deficit Capital Accounts | | 26 |
| 10.4 | Deemed Distribution and Recontribution | | 26 |
| 10.5 | Rights of Unit Holders | | 26 |
| 10.6 | Allocations During Period of Liquidation | | 26 |
| 10.7 | Character of Liquidating Distributions | | 27 |
| 10.8 | The Liquidator | | 27 |
| 10.9 | Forms of Liquidating Distributions | | 27 |
SECTION 11. MISCELLANEOUS | | 27 |
| 11.1 | Notices | | 27 |
| 11.2 | Binding Effect | | 27 |
| 11.3 | Construction | | 27 |
| 11.4 | Headings | | 27 |
| 11.5 | Severability | | 27 |
| 11.6 | Incorporation By Reference | | 28 |
| 11.7 | Variation of Terms | | 28 |
| 11.8 | Governing Law | | 28 |
| 11.9 | Waiver of Jury Trial | | 28 |
| 11.10 | Counterpart Execution | | 28 |
| 11.11 | Specific Performance | | 28 |
iii
AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") is entered into and shall be effective as of the Effective Date (as hereinafter defined), by and among Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "Company"), each of the Persons (as hereinafter defined) who are identified as Members on the attached Exhibit "A" and who have executed a counterpart of this Agreement and a Subscription Agreement, and any other Persons as may from time-to-time be subsequently admitted as a Member of the Company in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.10.
WHEREAS, the Company's organizers caused to be filed with the State of Delaware, a Certificate of Formation dated January 4, 2005, pursuant to the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the "Act"); and
WHEREAS, the Company's organizers adopted an Operating Agreement of the Company dated February 18, 2005, pursuant to the Act and amended and restated the Operating Agreement on May 19, 2005; and
WHEREAS, the Members desire to amend and restate the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated May 19, 2005 to revise and set forth their respective rights, duties, and responsibilities with respect to the Company and its business and affairs.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
SECTION 1. THE COMPANY
1.1 Formation. The initial Members formed the Company as a Delaware limited liability company by filing a Certificate of Formation with the Delaware Secretary of State, Division of Corporations on January 4, 2005, pursuant to the provisions of the Act. To the extent that the rights or obligations of any Member are different by reason of any provision of this Agreement than they would be in the absence of such provision, this Agreement shall, to the extent permitted by the Act, control.
1.2 Name. The name of the Company shall be "Advanced BioEnergy, LLC" and all business of the Company shall be conducted in such name.
1.3 Purpose; Powers. The nature of the business and purposes of the Company are: (i) to own, construct, operate, lease, finance, contract with, and/or invest in ethanol production and co-product production facilities as permitted under the applicable laws of the State of Delaware; (ii) to engage in the processing of corn, grains and other feedstock into ethanol and any and all related co-products, and the marketing of all products and co-products from such processing; and (iii) to engage in any other business and investment activity in which a Delaware limited liability company may lawfully be engaged, as determined by the Directors. The Company has the power to do any and all acts necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental or convenient to or in furtherance of the purpose of the Company as set forth in this Section 1.3 and has, without limitation, any and all powers that may be exercised on behalf of the Company by the Directors pursuant to Section 5 hereof.
1.4 Principal Place of Business. The Company shall continuously maintain a principal place of business in Nebraska. The principal place of business of the Company shall be at 4424 South 179th Street, Omaha, Nebraska, 68135, or elsewhere as the Directors may determine. Any documents
1
required by the Act to be kept by the Company shall be maintained at the Company's principal place of business.
1.5 Term. The term of the Company commenced on the date the Certificate of Formation (the "Certificate") of the Company was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State, Division of Corporations, and shall continue until the winding up and liquidation of the Company and its business is completed following a Dissolution Event as provided in Section 10 hereof.
1.6 Registered Agent. The Company shall continuously maintain a registered office and a registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware. The name and address of the Registered Agent shall be The Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.
1.7 Title to Property. All Property owned by the Company shall be owned by the Company as an entity and no Member shall have any ownership interest in such Property (as hereinafter defined) in his/her/its individual name. Each Member's interest in the Company shall be personal property for all purposes. At all times after the Effective Date, the Company shall hold title to all of its Property in the name of the Company and not in the name of any Member.
1.8 Payment of Individual Obligations. The Company's credit and assets shall be used solely for the benefit of the Company, and no asset of the Company shall be Transferred or encumbered for, or in payment of, any individual obligation of any Member.
1.9 Independent Activities; Transactions With Affiliates. The Directors shall be required to devote such time to the affairs of the Company as may be necessary to manage and operate the Company, and shall be free to serve any other Person or enterprise in any capacity that the Director may deem appropriate in its discretion. Neither this Agreement nor any activity undertaken pursuant hereto shall (i) prevent any Member or Director or its Affiliates, acting on its own behalf, from engaging in whatever activities it chooses, whether the same are competitive with the Company or otherwise, and any such activities may be undertaken without having or incurring any obligation to offer any interest in such activities to the Company or any Member; or (ii) require any Member or Director to permit the Company or Director or Member or its Affiliates to participate in any such activities, and as a material part of the consideration for the execution of this Agreement by each Member, each Member hereby waives, relinquishes, and renounces any such right or claim of participation. To the extent permitted by applicable law and subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Directors are hereby authorized to cause the Company to purchase Property from, sell Property to or otherwise deal with any Member (including any Member who is also a Director), acting on its own behalf, or any Affiliate of any Member; provided that any such purchase, sale or other transaction shall be made on terms and conditions which are no less favorable to the Company than if the sale, purchase or other transaction had been made with an independent third party.
1.10 Definitions. Capitalized words and phrases used in this Agreement have the following meanings:
(a) "Act" means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, as amended from time to time (or any corresponding provision or provisions of any succeeding law).
(b) "Adjusted Capital Account Deficit" means, with respect to any Unit Holder, the deficit balance, if any, in such Unit Holder's Capital Account as of the end of the relevant Fiscal Year, after giving effect to the following adjustments: (i) Credit to such Capital Account any amounts which such Unit Holder is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the next to the last sentences in Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5) of the Regulations; and (ii) Debit to such Capital Account the items described in Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5) and 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6) of the Regulations. The foregoing definition is intended to comply with the
2
provisions of Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) "Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person: (i) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person; (ii) any officer, director, general partner, member or trustee of such Person; or (iii) any Person who is an officer, director, general partner, member or trustee of any Person described in clauses (i) or (ii) of this sentence. For purposes of this definition, the terms "controlling," "controlled by" or "under common control with" shall mean the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person or entity, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, or the power to elect at least 50% of the directors, members, or persons exercising similar authority with respect to such Person or entities.
(d) "Agreement" means this Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, as amended from time to time.
(e) "Assignee" means a transferee of Units who is not admitted as a substituted member pursuant to Section 9.8.
(f) "Capital Account" means the separate capital account maintained for each Unit Holder in accordance with Section 2.3.
(g) "Capital Contributions" means, with respect to any Member, the amount of money (US Dollars) and the initial Gross Asset Value of any assets or property (other than money) contributed by the Member (or such Member's predecessor in interest) to the Company (net of liabilities secured by such contributed property that the Company is considered to assume or take subject to under Code Section 752) with respect to the Units in the Company held or purchased by such Member, including additional Capital Contributions.
(h) "Certificate" means the Certificate of Formation of the Company filed with the Delaware Secretary of State, Division of Corporations.
(i) "Code" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
(j) "Company" means Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
(k) "Company Minimum Gain" has the meaning given the term "partnership minimum gain" in Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d) of the Regulations.
(l) "Debt" means (i) any indebtedness for borrowed money or the deferred purchase price of property as evidenced by a note, bonds, or other instruments; (ii) obligations as lessee under capital leases; (iii) obligations secured by any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien or charge of any kind existing on any asset owned or held by the Company whether or not the Company has assumed or become liable for the obligations secured thereby; (iv) any obligation under any interest rate swap agreement; (v) accounts payable; and (vi) obligations under direct or indirect guarantees of (including obligations (contingent or otherwise) to assure a creditor against loss in respect of) indebtedness or obligations of the kinds referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v), above provided that Debt shall not include obligations in respect of any accounts payable that are incurred in the ordinary course of the Company's business and are not delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.
(m) "Depreciation" means, for each Fiscal Year, an amount equal to the depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction allowable with respect to an asset for such Fiscal Year, except that if the Gross Asset Value of an asset differs from its adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes at the beginning of such Fiscal Year, Depreciation shall be an amount which
3
bears the same ratio to such beginning Gross Asset Value as the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction for such Fiscal Year bears to such beginning adjusted tax basis; provided, however, that if the adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes of an asset at the beginning of such Fiscal Year is zero, Depreciation shall be determined with reference to such beginning Gross Asset Value using any reasonable method selected by the Directors.
(n) "Director" means any Person who (i) is referred to as such in Section 5.1 of this Agreement or has become a Director pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and (ii) has not ceased to be a Director pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. "Directors" mean all such Persons. For purposes of the Act, the Directors shall be deemed to be the "managers" (as such term is defined and used in the Act) of the Company.
(o) "Dissolution Event" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10.1 hereof.
(p) "Effective Date" means June 30, 2005.
(q) "Facilities" shall mean the ethanol production and co-product production facilities in Nebraska or such other location as may be determined by the Directors to be constructed and operated by the Company pursuant to the Business Plan.
(r) "Fiscal Year" means (i) any twelve-month period commencing on October 1 and ending on September 30 and (ii) the period commencing on the immediately preceding October 1 and ending on the date on which all Property is distributed to the Unit Holders pursuant to Section 10 hereof, or, if the context requires, any portion of a Fiscal Year for which an allocation of Profits or Losses or a distribution is to be made.
(s) "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in effect in the United States of America from time to time.
(t) "Gross Asset Value" means with respect to any asset, the asset's adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except as follows: (i) The initial Gross Asset Value of any asset contributed by a Member to the Company shall be the gross fair market value of such asset, as determined by the Directors provided that the initial Gross Asset Values of the assets contributed to the Company pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof shall be as set forth in such section; (ii) The Gross Asset Values of all Company assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective gross fair market values (taking Code Section 7701(g) into account), as determined by the Directors as of the following times: (A) the acquisition of an additional interest in the Company by any new or existing Member in exchange for more than ade minimis Capital Contribution; (B) the distribution by the Company to a Member of more than ade minimis amount of Company property as consideration for an interest in the Company; and (C) the liquidation of the Company within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g), provided that an adjustment described in clauses (A) and (B) of this paragraph shall be made only if the Directors reasonably determine that such adjustment is necessary to reflect the relative economic interests of the Members in the Company; (iii) The Gross Asset Value of any item of Company assets distributed to any Member shall be adjusted to equal the gross fair market value (taking Code Section 7701(g) into account) of such asset on the date of distribution as determined by the Directors; and (iv) The Gross Asset Values of Company assets shall be increased (or decreased) to reflect any adjustments to the adjusted basis of such assets pursuant to Code Section 734(b) or Code Section 743(b), but only to the extent that such adjustments are taken into account in determining Capital Accounts pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m) and subparagraph (vi) of the definition of "Profits" and "Losses" or Section 3.3(c) hereof; provided, however, that Gross Asset Values shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subparagraph (iv) to the extent that an adjustment pursuant to subparagraph (ii) is required in connection with a transaction that would otherwise result in an
4
adjustment pursuant to this subparagraph (iv). If the Gross Asset Value of an asset has been determined or adjusted pursuant to subparagraph (ii) or (iv), such Gross Asset Value shall thereafter be adjusted by the Depreciation taken into account with respect to such asset, for purposes of computing Profits and Losses.
(u) "Issuance Items" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(h) hereof.
(v) "Liquidation Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.6 hereof.
(w) "Liquidator" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.8 hereof.
(x) "Losses" has the meaning set forth in the definition of "Profits" and "Losses."
(y) "Member" means any Person (i) whose name is set forth as such on Exhibit "A" initially attached hereto or has become a Member pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and (ii) who is the owner of one or more Units.
(z) "Members" means all such Members.
(aa) "Membership Economic Interest" means collectively, a Member's share of "Profits" and "Losses," the right to receive distributions of the Company's assets, and the right to information concerning the business and affairs of the Company provided by the Act. The Membership Economic Interest of a Member is quantified by the unit of measurement referred to herein as "Units."
(bb) "Membership Interest" means collectively, the Membership Economic Interest and Membership Voting Interest.
(cc) "Membership Register" means the membership register maintained by the Company at its principal office or by a duly appointed agent of the Company setting forth the name, address, the number of Units, and Capital Contributions of each Member of the Company, which shall be modified from time to time as additional Units are issued and as Units are transferred pursuant to this Agreement.
(dd) "Membership Voting Interest" means collectively, a Member's right to vote as set forth in this Agreement or required by the Act. The Membership Voting Interest of a Member shall mean as to any matter to which the Member is entitled to vote hereunder or as may be required under the Act, the right to one (1) vote for each Unit registered in the name of such Member as shown in the Membership Register.
(ee) "Net Cash Flow" means the gross cash proceeds of the Company less the portion thereof used to pay or establish reserves for all Company expenses, debt payments, capital improvements, replacements, and contingencies, all as reasonably determined by the Directors. "Net Cash Flow" shall not be reduced by depreciation, amortization, cost recovery deductions, or similar allowances, but shall be increased by any reductions of reserves previously established.
(ff) "Nonrecourse Deductions" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.704-2(b)(1) of the Regulations.
(gg) "Nonrecourse Liability" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.704-2(b)(3) of the Regulations.
(hh) "Officer" or "Officers" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.18 hereof.
(ii) "Permitted Transfer" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.2 hereof.
(jj) "Person" means any individual, partnership (whether general or limited), joint venture, limited liability company, corporation, trust, estate, association, nominee or other entity.
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(kk) "Profits and Losses" mean, for each Fiscal Year, an amount equal to the Company's taxable income or loss for such Fiscal Year, determined in accordance with Code Section 703(a) (for this purpose, all items of income, gain, loss, or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Code Section 703(a)(1) shall be included in taxable income or loss), with the following adjustments (without duplication): (i) Any income of the Company that is exempt from federal income tax and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits or Losses pursuant to this definition of "Profits" and "Losses" shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (ii) Any expenditures of the Company described in Code Section 705(a)(2)(b) or treated as Code Section 705(a)(2)(b) expenditures pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i), and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits or Losses pursuant to this definition of "Profits" and "Losses" shall be subtracted from such taxable income or loss; (iii) In the event the Gross Asset Value of any Company asset is adjusted pursuant to subparagraphs (ii) or (iii) of the definition of Gross Asset Value, the amount of such adjustment shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the Gross Asset Value of the asset) or an item of loss (if the adjustment decreases the Gross Asset Value of the asset) from the disposition of such asset and shall be taken into account for purposes of computing Profits or Losses; (iv) Gain or loss resulting from any disposition of Property with respect to which gain or loss is recognized for federal income tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the Gross Asset Value of the Property disposed of, notwithstanding that the adjusted tax basis of such Property differs from its Gross Asset Value; (v) In lieu of the depreciation, amortization, and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss, there shall be taken into account Depreciation for such Fiscal Year, computed in accordance with the definition of Depreciation; (vi) To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Company asset pursuant to Code Section 734(b) is required, pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts as a result of a distribution other than in liquidation of a Unit Holder's interest in the Company, the amount of such adjustment shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis) from the disposition of such asset and shall be taken into account for purposes of computing Profits or Losses; and (vii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this definition, any items which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 3.3 and Section 3.4 hereof shall not be taken into account in computing Profits or Losses. The amounts of the items of Company income, gain, loss or deduction available to be specially allocated pursuant to Sections 3.3 and Section 3.4 hereof shall be determined by applying rules analogous to those set forth in subparagraphs (i) through (vi) above.
(ll) "Property" means all real and personal property acquired by the Company, including cash, and any improvements thereto, and shall include both tangible and intangible property.
(mm) "Regulations" means the Income Tax Regulations, including Temporary Regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations are amended from time to time.
(nn) "Regulatory Allocations" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.4 hereof.
(oo) "Related Party" means the adopted or birth relatives of any Person and such Person's spouse (whether by marriage or common law), if any, including without limitation great-grandparents, grandparents, parents, children (including stepchildren and adopted children), grandchildren, and great-grandchildren thereof, and such Person's (and such Person's spouse's) brothers, sisters, and cousins and their respective lineal ancestors and descendants, and any other ancestors and/or descendants, and any spouse of any of the foregoing, each trust created for the exclusive benefit of one or more of the foregoing, and the successors, assigns, heirs, executors, personal representatives and estates of any of the foregoing.
(pp) "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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(qq) "Tax Matters Member" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4 hereof.
(rr) "Transfer" means, as a noun, any voluntary or involuntary transfer, sale, pledge or hypothecation or other disposition and, as a verb, voluntarily or involuntarily to transfer, give, sell, exchange, assign, pledge, bequest or hypothecate or otherwise dispose of.
(ss) "Units" or "Unit" means an ownership interest in the Company representing a Capital Contribution made as provided in Section 2 in consideration of the Units, including any and all benefits to which the holder of such Units may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
(tt) "Unit Holders" means all Unit Holders.
(uu) "Unit Holder" means the owner of one or more Units.
(vv) "Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt" has the same meaning as the term "partner nonrecourse debt" in Section 1.704-2(b)(4) of the Regulations.
(ww) "Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain" means an amount, with respect to each Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Company Minimum Gain that would result if such Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Section 1.704-2(i)(3) of the Regulations.
(xx) "Unit Holder Nonrecourse Deductions" has the same meaning as the term "partner nonrecourse deductions" in Sections 1.704-2(i)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(2) of the Regulations.
SECTION 2. CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS
2.1 Original Capital Contributions. The name, address, original Capital Contribution, and initial Units quantifying the Membership Interest of each Member are set out in Exhibit A attached hereto, and shall also be set out in the Membership Register.
2.2 Additional Capital Contributions; Additional Units. No Unit Holder shall be obligated to make any additional Capital Contributions to the Company or to pay any assessment to the Company, other than any unpaid amounts on such Unit Holder's original Capital Contributions, and no Units shall be subject to any calls, requests or demands for capital. Subject to Section 5.7, additional Membership Economic Interests quantified by additional Units may be issued in consideration of Capital Contributions as agreed to between the Directors and the Person acquiring the Membership Economic Interest quantified by the additional Units. Each Person to whom additional Units are issued shall be admitted as a Member in accordance with this Agreement. Upon such Capital Contributions, the Directors shall cause Exhibit A and the Membership Register to be appropriately amended.
2.3 Capital Accounts. A Capital Account shall be maintained for each Unit Holder in accordance with the following provisions:
(a) To each Unit Holder's Capital Account there shall be credited (i) such Unit Holder's Capital Contributions; (ii) such Unit Holder's distributive share of Profits and any items in the nature of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 3.3 and Section 3.4; and (iii) the amount of any Company liabilities assumed by such Unit Holder or which are secured by any Property distributed to such Unit Holder;
(b) To each Unit Holder's Capital Account there shall be debited (i) the amount of money and the Gross Asset Value of any Property distributed to such Unit Holder pursuant to any provision of this Agreement; (ii) such Unit Holder's distributive share of Losses and any items in the nature of expenses or losses which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 3.3 and 3.4 hereof; and (iii) the amount of any liabilities of such Unit Holder assumed by the Company or which are secured by any Property contributed by such Unit Holder to the Company;
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(c) In the event Units are Transferred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the Transferred Units; and
(d) In determining the amount of any liability for purposes of subparagraphs (a) and (b) above there shall be taken into account Code Section 752(c) and any other applicable provisions of the Code and Regulations.
The foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b), and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Regulations. In the event the Directors shall determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts, or any debits or credits thereto (including, without limitation, debits or credits relating to liabilities which are secured by contributed or distributed property or which are assumed by the Company or any Unit Holders), are computed in order to comply with such Regulations, the Directors may make such modification, provided that it is not likely to have a material effect on the amounts distributed to any Person pursuant to Section 10 hereof upon the dissolution of the Company. The Directors also shall (i) make any adjustments that are necessary or appropriate to maintain equality between the Capital Accounts of the Unit Holders and the amount of capital reflected on the Company's balance sheet, as computed for book purposes, in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(q), and (ii) make any appropriate modifications in the event unanticipated events might otherwise cause this Agreement not to comply with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b).
SECTION 3. ALLOCATIONS
3.1 Profits. After giving effect to the special allocations in Section 3.3 and Section 3.4 hereof, Profits for any Fiscal Year shall be allocated among the Unit Holders in proportion to Units held.
3.2 Losses. After giving effect to the special allocations in Section 3.3 and 3.4 hereof, Losses for any Fiscal Year shall be allocated among the Unit Holders in proportion to Units held.
3.3 Special Allocations. The following special allocations shall be made in the following order:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback. Except as otherwise provided in Section 1.704-2(f) of the Regulations, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 3, if there is a net decrease in Company Minimum Gain during any Fiscal Year, each Unit Holder shall be specially allocated items of Company income and gain for such Fiscal Year (and, if necessary, subsequent Fiscal Years) in an amount equal to such Unit Holder's share of the net decrease in Company Minimum Gain, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(g). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Unit Holder pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with sections 1.704-2(f)(6) and 1.704-2(j)(2) of the Regulations. This Section 3.3(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in Section 1.704-2(f) of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(b) Unit Holder Minimum Gain Chargeback. Except as otherwise provided in Section 1.704-2(i)(4) of the Regulations, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 3, if there is a net decrease in Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to a Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt during any Fiscal Year, each Unit Holder who has a share of the Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to such Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Section 1.704-2(i)(5) of the Regulations, shall be specially allocated items of Company income and gain for such Fiscal Year (and, if necessary, subsequent Fiscal Years) in an amount equal to such Unit Holder's share of the net decrease in Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(4). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to
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the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Unit Holder pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Sections 1.704-2(i)(4) and 1.704-2(j)(2) of the Regulations. This Section 3.3(b) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in Section 1.704-2(i)(4) of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Qualified Income Offset. In the event any Member unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5), or 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6) of the Regulations, items of Company income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Member in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the Regulations, the Adjusted Capital Account Deficit as soon as practicable, provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 3.3(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that the Member would have an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit after all other allocations provided for in this Section 3 have been tentatively made as if this Section 3.3(c) were not in the Agreement.
(d) Gross Income Allocation. In the event any Member has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Member is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement; and (ii) the amount such Member is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5) of the Regulations, each such Member shall be specially allocated items of Company income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible, provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 3.3(d) shall be made only if and to the extent that such Member would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Section 3 have been made as if Section 3.3(c) and this Section 3.3(d) were not in this Agreement.
(e) Nonrecourse Deductions. Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year or other period shall be specially allocated among the Members in proportion to Units held.
(f) Unit Holder Nonrecourse Deductions. Any Unit Holder Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year shall be specially allocated to the Unit Holder who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt to which such Unit Holder Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(1).
(g) Section 754 Adjustments. To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Company asset, pursuant to Code Section 734(b) or Code Section 743(b) is required, pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(2) or 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts as the result of a distribution to a Unit Holder in complete liquidation of such Unit Holder's interest in the Company, the amount of such adjustment to Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis) and such gain or loss shall be specially allocated to the Unit Holders in accordance with their interests in the Company in the event Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(2) applies, or to the Unit Holder to whom such distribution was made in the event Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4) applies.
(h) Allocations Relating to Taxable Issuance of Company Units. Any income, gain, loss or deduction realized as a direct or indirect result of the issuance of Units by the Company to a Unit Holder (the "Issuance Items") shall be allocated among the Unit Holders so that, to the extent possible, the net amount of such Issuance Items, together with all other allocations under this Agreement to each Unit Holder shall be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each such Unit Holder if the Issuance Items had not been realized.
3.4 Curative Allocations. The allocations set forth in Sections 3.3(a), 3.3(b), 3.3(c), 3.3(d), 3.3(e), 3.3(f), 3.3(g) and 3.5 (the "Regulatory Allocations") are intended to comply with certain requirements
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of the Regulations. It is the intent of the Members that, to the extent possible, all Regulatory Allocations shall be offset either with other Regulatory Allocations or with special allocations of other items of Company income, gain, loss or deduction pursuant to this Section 3.4. Therefore, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 3 (other than the Regulatory Allocations), the Directors shall make such offsetting special allocations of Company income, gain, loss or deduction in whatever manner it determines appropriate so that, after such offsetting allocations are made, each Member's Capital Account balance is, to the extent possible, equal to the Capital Account balance such Member would have had if the Regulatory Allocations were not part of the Agreement and all Company items were allocated pursuant to Sections 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3(h).
3.5 Loss Limitation. Losses allocated pursuant to Section 3.2 hereof shall not exceed the maximum amount of Losses that can be allocated without causing any Unit Holder to have an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit at the end of any Fiscal Year. In the event some but not all of the Unit Holders would have Adjusted Capital Account Deficits as a consequence of an allocation of Losses pursuant to Section 3.2 hereof, the limitation set forth in this Section 3.5 shall be applied on a Unit Holder by Unit Holder basis and Losses not allocable to any Unit Holder as a result of such limitation shall be allocated to the other Unit Holders in accordance with the positive balances in such Unit Holder's Capital Accounts so as to allocate the maximum permissible Losses to each Unit Holder under Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) of the Regulations.
3.6 Other Allocation Rules.
(a) For purposes of determining the Profits, Losses, or any other items allocable to any period, Profits, Losses, and any such other items shall be determined on a daily, monthly, or other basis, as determined by the Directors using any permissible method under Code Section 706 and the Regulations thereunder.
(b) The Unit Holders are aware of the income tax consequences of the allocations made by this Section 3 and hereby agree to be bound by the provisions of this Section 3 in reporting their shares of Company income and loss for income tax purposes.
(c) Solely for purposes of determining a Unit Holder's proportionate share of the "excess nonrecourse liabilities" of the Company within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.752-3(a)(3), the Unit Holders' aggregate interests in Company profits shall be deemed to be as provided in the capital accounts. To the extent permitted by Section 1.704-2(h)(3) of the Regulations, the Directors shall endeavor to treat distributions of Net Cash Flow as having been made from the proceeds of a Nonrecourse Liability or a Unit Holder Nonrecourse Debt only to the extent that such distributions would cause or increase an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit for any Unit Holder.
(d) Allocations of Profits and Losses to the Unit Holders shall be allocated among them in the ratio which each Unit Holder's Units bears to the total number of Units issued and outstanding.
3.7 Tax Allocations: Code Section 704(c). In accordance with Code Section 704(c) and the Regulations thereunder, income, gain, loss, and deduction with respect to any Property contributed to the capital of the Company shall, solely for tax purposes, be allocated among the Unit Holders so as to take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such Property to the Company for federal income tax purposes and its initial Gross Asset Value (computed in accordance with the definition of Gross Asset Value). In the event the Gross Asset Value of any Company asset is adjusted pursuant to subparagraph (ii) of the definition of Gross Asset Value, subsequent allocations of income, gain, loss, and deduction with respect to such asset shall take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such asset for federal income tax purposes and its Gross Asset Value in the same manner as under Code Section 704(c) and the Regulations thereunder. Any elections or other decisions relating to such allocations shall be made by the Directors in any manner that reasonably reflects the purpose and intention of this Agreement. Allocations pursuant to this Section 3.7 are solely for purposes of federal,
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state, and local taxes and shall not affect, or in any way be taken into account in computing, any Unit Holder's Capital Account or share of Profits, Losses, other items, or distributions pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.
3.8 Tax Credit Allocations. All credits against income tax with respect to the Company's property or operations shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with their respective membership interests in the Company for the Fiscal Year during which the expenditure, production, sale, or other event giving rise to the credit occurs. This Section 3.8 is intended to comply with the applicable tax credit allocation principles of section 1.704-1(b)(4)(ii) of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
SECTION 4. DISTRIBUTIONS
4.1 Net Cash Flow. The Directors, in their discretion, shall make distributions of Net Cash Flow, if any, to the Members. Except as otherwise provided in Section 10 hereof, Net Cash Flow, if any, shall be distributed to the Unit Holders in proportion to Units held subject to, and to the extent permitted by, any loan covenants or restrictions on such distributions agreed to by the Company in any loan agreements with the Company's lenders from time to time in effect. In determining Net Cash Flow, the Directors shall endeavor to provide for cash distributions at such times and in such amounts as will permit the Unit Holders to make timely payment of income taxes.
4.2 Amounts Withheld. All amounts withheld pursuant to the Code or any provision of any state, local or foreign tax law with respect to any payment, distribution or allocation to the Company or the Unit Holders shall be treated as amounts paid or distributed, as the case may be, to the Unit Holders with respect to which such amount was withheld pursuant to this Section 4.2 for all purposes under this Agreement. The Company is authorized to withhold from payments and distributions, or with respect to allocations, to the Unit Holders and to pay over to any federal, state and local government or any foreign government, any amounts required to be so withheld pursuant to the Code or any provisions of any other federal, state or local law or any foreign law, and shall allocate any such amounts to the Unit Holders with respect to which such amount was withheld.
4.3 Limitations on Distributions. The Company shall make no distributions to the Unit Holders except as provided in this Section 4 and Section 10 hereof. Notwithstanding any other provision, no distribution shall be made if it is not permitted to be made under the Act.
SECTION 5. MANAGEMENT
5.1 Directors. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Directors shall direct the business and affairs of the Company, and shall exercise all of the powers of the Company except such powers as are by this Agreement conferred upon or reserved to the Members. The Directors shall adopt such policies, rules, regulations, and actions not inconsistent with law or this Agreement as it may deem advisable. Subject to Section 5.7 hereof or any other express provisions hereof, the business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of the Directors and not by its Members. The amendment or repeal of this section or the adoption of any provision inconsistent therewith shall require the approval of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests.
5.2 Number of Total Directors. The total number of initial Directors of the Company shall be a minimum of three (3) and a maximum of thirteen (13). At the first annual or special meeting of the Members following the date on which substantial operations of the Facilities commence, the number of Directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine (9). The Members may increase or decrease this fixed number of Directors last approved and may change from a fixed number to a variable range or visa versa by majority vote at any annual or special meeting.
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5.3 Election of Directors.
(a) Election of Directors and Terms. The initial Directors shall be appointed by the initial Members and shall include the individuals set forth on Exhibit "B" attached hereto. The initial Directors shall serve until the first special or annual meeting of the Members following the date on which substantial operations of the Facilities commence, and in all cases until a successor is elected and qualified, or until the earlier death, resignation, removal or disqualification of any such Director. In accordance with Section 5.2, at the first annual or special meeting of the Members following the date on which substantial operations of the Facilities commence, the number of Directors shall be reduced and become fixed at nine (9). If this reduction in the number of Directors requires the removal of any Director, John T. Porter, Robert W. Holmes and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall not be included in the Directors removed at that time. After the expiration of the initial terms of the Directors, at each annual meeting of the Members, Directors shall be elected by the Members for staggered terms of three (3) years and until a successor is elected and qualified. The initial Directors shall conduct a lottery to separately identify the Director positions to be elected and so classify each such Director position as Group I, Group II or Group III, with such classification to serve as the basis for the staggering of terms among the elected Directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, John T. Porter shall be classified in Group I; Robert W. Holmes shall be in classified in Group II and Revis L. Stephenson, III shall be classified in Group III. The terms of Group I Directors shall expire first (initial term of one year with successors elected to three year terms thereafter), followed by those of Group II Directors (initial term of two years with successors elected to three year terms thereafter), and then Group III Directors (initial and subsequent terms of three years).
(b) Nominations for Directors. One or more nominees for Director positions up for election shall be named by the then current Directors or by a nominating committee established by the Directors. Nominations for the election of Directors may also be made by any Member entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors. However, any Member that intends to nominate one or more persons for election as Directors at a meeting may do so only if written notice of such Member's intent to make such nomination or nominations has been given, either by personal delivery or by United Stated mail, postage prepaid, to the Secretary of the Company not less than sixty (60) days nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the annual meeting of the Company. Each such notice to the Secretary shall set forth:
(i) the name and address of record of the Member who intends to make the nomination;
(ii) a representation that the Member is a holder of record of Units of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice;
(iii) the name, age, business and residence addresses, and principal occupation or employment of each nominee;
(iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the Member and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nomination or nominations are to be made by the Members;
(v) such other information regarding each nominee proposed by such Member as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission;
(vi) the consent of each nominee to serve as a Director of the Company if so elected; and
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(vii) a nominating petition signed an dated by the holders of at least five percent (5%) of the then outstanding Units and clearly setting forth the proposed nominee as a candidate of the Director's seat to be filled at the next election of Directors.
The Company may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Company to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a Director of the Company. The presiding Officer of the meeting may, if the facts warrant, determine that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedures, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded. The amendment or repeal of this Section or the adoption of any provision inconsistent therewith shall require the approval of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests. Whenever a vacancy occurs other than from expiration of a term of office or removal from office, a majority of the remaining Directors shall appoint a new Director to fill the vacancy for the remainder of such term.
5.4 Committees. A resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors may establish committees having the authority of the Directors in the management of the business of the Company to the extent consistent with this Agreement and provided in the resolution. A committee shall consist of one or more persons, who need not be Directors, appointed by affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors present. Committees may include a compensation committee and/or an audit committee, in each case consisting of one or more independent Directors or other independent persons. Committees are subject to the direction and control of the Directors and vacancies in the membership thereof shall be filled by the Directors. A majority of the members of the committee present at a meeting is a quorum for the transaction of business, unless a larger or smaller proportion or number is provided in a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors present.
5.5 Authority of Directors. Subject to the limitations and restrictions set forth in this Agreement, the Directors shall direct the management of the business and affairs of the Company and shall have all of the rights and powers which may be possessed by a "manager" under the Act including, without limitation, the right and power to do or perform the following and, to the extent permitted by the Act or this Agreement, the further right and power by resolution of the Directors to delegate to the Officers or such other Person or Persons to do or perform the following:
(a) Conduct its business, carry on its operations and have and exercise the powers granted by the Act in any state, territory, district or possession of the United States, or in any foreign country which may be necessary or convenient to effect any or all of the purposes for which it is organized;
(b) Acquire by purchase, lease, or otherwise any real or personal property which may be necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company;
(c) Operate, maintain, finance, improve, construct, own, grant operations with respect to, sell, convey, assign, mortgage, and lease any real estate and any personal property necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company;
(d) Execute any and all agreements, contracts, documents, certifications, and instruments necessary or convenient in connection with the management, maintenance, and operation of the business, or in connection with managing the affairs of the Company, including, executing amendments to this Agreement and the Certificate in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, both as Directors and, if required, as attorney-in-fact for the Members pursuant to any power of attorney granted by the Members to the Directors;
(e) Borrow money and issue evidences of indebtedness necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company, and secure the same by mortgage, pledge, or other lien on any Company assets;
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(f) Execute, in furtherance of any or all of the purposes of the Company, any deed, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, mortgage note, promissory note, bill of sale, contract, or other instrument purporting to convey or encumber any or all of the Company assets;
(g) Prepay in whole or in part, refinance, recast, increase, modify, or extend any liabilities affecting the assets of the Company and in connection therewith execute any extensions or renewals of encumbrances on any or all of such assets;
(h) Care for and distribute funds to the Members by way of cash income, return of capital, or otherwise, all in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and perform all matters in furtherance of the objectives of the Company or this Agreement;
(i) Contract on behalf of the Company for the employment and services of employees and/or independent contractors, such as lawyers and accountants, and delegate to such Persons the duty to manage or supervise any of the assets or operations of the Company;
(j) Engage in any kind of activity and perform and carry out contracts of any kind (including contracts of insurance covering risks to Company assets and Directors' and Officers' liability) necessary or incidental to, or in connection with, the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company, as may be lawfully carried on or performed by a limited liability company under the laws of each state in which the Company is then formed or qualified;
(k) Take, or refrain from taking, all actions, not expressly proscribed or limited by this Agreement, as may be necessary or appropriate to accomplish the purposes of the Company;
(l) Institute, prosecute, defend, settle, compromise, and dismiss lawsuits or other judicial or administrative proceedings brought on or in behalf of, or against, the Company, the Members or the Directors or Officers in connection with activities arising out of, connected with, or incidental to this Agreement, and to engage counsel or others in connection therewith;
(m) Purchase, take, receive, subscribe for or otherwise acquire, own, hold, vote, use, employ, sell, mortgage, lend, pledge, or otherwise dispose of, and otherwise use and deal in and with, shares or other interests in or obligations of domestic or foreign corporations, associations, general or limited partnerships, other limited liability companies, or individuals or direct or indirect obligations of the United States or of any government, state, territory, government district or municipality or of any instrumentality of any of them;
(n) Agree with any Person as to the form and other terms and conditions of such Person's Capital Contribution to the Company and cause the Company to issue Membership Economic Interests and Units in consideration of such Capital Contribution; and
(o) Indemnify a Member or Directors or Officers, or former Members or Directors or Officers, and to make any other indemnification that is authorized by this Agreement in accordance with, and to the fullest extent permitted by, the Act.
5.6 Director as Agent. Notwithstanding the power and authority of the Directors to manage the business and affairs of the Company, no Director shall have authority to act as agent for the Company for the purposes of its business (including the execution of any instrument on behalf of the Company) unless the Directors have authorized the Director to take such action. The Directors may also delegate authority to manage the business and affairs of the Company (including the execution of instruments on behalf of the Company) to such Person or Persons (including to any Officers) designated by the Directors, and such Person or Persons (or Officers) shall have such titles and authority as determined by the Directors.
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5.7 Restrictions on Authority of Directors.
(a) The Directors shall not have authority to, and they covenant and agree that they shall not, do any of the following acts without the unanimous consent of the Members:
(i) Cause or permit the Company to engage in any activity that is not consistent with the purposes of the Company as set forth in Section 1.3 hereof;
(ii) Knowingly do any act in contravention of this Agreement or which would make it impossible to carry on the ordinary business of the Company, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement;
(iii) Possess Company Property, or assign rights in specific Company Property, for other than a Company purpose; or
(iv) Cause the Company to voluntarily take any action that would cause a bankruptcy of the Company.
(b) The Directors shall not have authority to, and they covenant and agree that they shall not cause the Company to, without the consent of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests:
(i) Merge, consolidate, exchange or otherwise dispose of at one time all or substantially all of the Property, except for a liquidating sale of the Property in connection with the dissolution of the Company;
(ii) Confess a judgment against the Company in an amount in excess of $500,000;
(iii) Issue Units at a purchase price of less than $10.00 per Unit;
(iv) Issue more than an aggregate of 20,000,000 Units; and
(v) Cause the Company to acquire any equity or debt securities of any Director or any of its Affiliates, or otherwise make loans to any Director or any of its Affiliates.
The actions specified herein as requiring the consent of the Members shall be in addition to any actions by the Director that are specified in the Act as requiring the consent or approval of the Members. Any such required consent or approval may be given by a vote of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests.
5.8 Director Meetings and Notice. Meetings of the Directors shall be held at such times and places as shall from time to time be determined by the Directors. Meetings of the Directors may also be called by the Chairman of the Company or by any two or more Directors. If the date, time, and place of a meeting of the Directors has been announced at a previous meeting, no notice shall be required. In all other cases, five (5) days' written notice of meetings, stating the date, time, and place thereof and any other information required by law or desired by the Person(s) calling such meeting, shall be given to each Director. Any Director may waive notice of any meeting. A waiver of notice by a Director is effective whether given before, at, or after the meeting, and whether given orally, in writing, or by attendance. The attendance of a Director at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, unless such Director objects at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of business on the grounds that the meeting is now lawfully called or convened and does not participate thereafter in the meeting.
5.9 Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Directors may also be taken by a written action signed by one hundred percent (100%) of all Directors authorized to vote on the matter as provided by this Agreement, provided that a copy of such written action shall be promptly given to all such Directors. The Directors may participate in any meeting of the Directors by means of telephone conference or similar means of communication by which all persons participating in the meeting can simultaneously hear each other.
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5.10 Quorum; Manner of Acting. Not less than fifty percent (50%) of the Directors authorized to vote on a matter as provided by this Agreement shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any Directors' meeting. Each Director shall have one (1) vote at meetings of the Directors. The Directors shall take action by the vote of a majority of the number of Directors constituting a quorum as provided by this Agreement.
5.11 Voting; Potential Financial Interest. No Director shall be disqualified from voting on any matter to be determined or decided by the Directors solely by reason of such Director's (or his/her Affiliate's) potential financial interest in the outcome of such vote, provided that the nature of such Director's (or his/her Affiliate's) potential financial interest was reasonably disclosed at the time of such vote.
5.12 Duties and Obligations of Directors. The Directors shall cause the Company to conduct its business and operations separate and apart from that of any Director or any of its Affiliates. The Directors shall take all actions which may be necessary or appropriate (i) for the continuation of the Company's valid existence as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of Delaware and each other jurisdiction in which such existence is necessary to protect the limited liability of Members or to enable the Company to conduct the business in which it is engaged, and (ii) for the accomplishment of the Company's purposes, including the acquisition, development, maintenance, preservation, and operation of Company Property in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and applicable laws and regulations. Each Director shall have the duty to discharge the foregoing duties in good faith, in a manner the Director believes to be in the best interests of the Company, and with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would exercise under similar circumstances. The Directors shall be under no other fiduciary duty to the Company or the Members to conduct the affairs of the Company in a particular manner.
5.13 Chairman and Vice Chairman. Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Directors, the Chairman shall preside at meetings of the Members and the Directors; shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Directors are carried into effect; may maintain records of and certify proceedings of the Directors and Members; and shall perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Directors. The Vice Chairman shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairman, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman and shall perform such other duties as the Directors or the Chairman may from time to time prescribe. The Directors may designate more than one Vice Chairmen, in which case the Vice Chairmen shall be designated by the Directors so as to denote which is most senior in office.
5.14 President and Chief Executive Officer. Until provided otherwise by a resolution of the Directors, the Chairman shall also act as the interim President and CEO of the Company (herein referred to as the "President"; the titles of President and CEO shall constitute a reference to one and the same office and Officer of the Company), and the Chairman may exercise the duties of the office of Chairman using any such designations. The Directors shall appoint someone other than the Chairman as the President of the Company not later than the commencement of operations of the Facilities, and such President shall perform such duties as the Directors may from time to time prescribe, including without limitation, the management of the day-to-day operations of the Facilities.
5.15 Chief Financial Officer. Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Directors, the Chief Financial Officer of the Company shall be the Treasurer of the Company and shall keep accurate financial records for the Company; shall deposit all monies, drafts, and checks in the name of and to the credit of the Company in such banks and depositories as the Directors shall designate from time to time; shall endorse for deposit all notes, checks, and drafts received by the Company as ordered by the Directors, making proper vouchers therefore; shall disburse Company funds and issue checks and drafts in the name of the Company as ordered by the Directors, shall render to the President and the Directors, whenever requested, an account of all such transactions as Chief Financial
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Officer and of the financial condition of the Company, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Directors or the President from time to time.
5.16 Secretary; Assistant Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Directors and of the Members and shall maintain records of, and whenever necessary, certify all proceedings of the Directors and of the Members. The Secretary shall keep the required records of the Company, when so directed by the Directors or other person or person authorized to call such meetings, shall give or cause to be given notice of meetings of the Members and of meetings of the Directors, and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Chairman or the Directors may prescribe from time to time. An Assistant Secretary, if any, shall perform the duties of the Secretary during the absence or disability of the Secretary.
5.17 Vice President. The Company may have one or more Vice Presidents. If more than one, the Directors shall designate which is most senior. The most senior Vice President shall perform the duties of the President in the absence of the President.
5.18 Delegation. Unless prohibited by a resolution of the Directors, the President, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Secretary (individually, an "Officer" and collectively, "Officers") may delegate in writing some or all of the duties and powers of such Officer's management position to other Persons. An Officer who delegates the duties or powers of an office remains subject to the standard of conduct for such Officer with respect to the discharge of all duties and powers so delegated.
5.19 Execution of Instruments. All deeds, mortgages, bonds, checks, contracts and other instruments pertaining to the business and affairs of the Company shall be signed on behalf of the Company by (i) the Chairman; or (ii) when authorized by resolutions(s) of the Directors, the President; or (iii) by such other person or persons as may be designated from time to time by the Directors.
5.20 Limitation of Liability; Indemnification of Directors. To the maximum extent permitted under the Act and other applicable law, no Member, Director or Officer of this Company shall be personally liable for any debt, obligation or liability of this Company merely by reason of being a Member, Director, Officer or all of the foregoing. No Director or Officer of this Company shall be personally liable to this Company or its Members for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty by such Director or Officer; provided that this provision shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a Director or Officer for any of the following: (i) for any breach of the duty of loyalty to the Company or its Members; (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of law; or (iii) for a transaction from which the Director or Officer derived an improper personal benefit or a wrongful distribution in violation of Section 807 of the Act. To the maximum extent permitted under the Act and other applicable law, the Company, its receiver, or its trustee (in the case of its receiver or trustee, to the extent of Company Property) shall indemnify, save and hold harmless, and pay all judgments and claims against each Director or Officer relating to any liability or damage incurred by reason of any act performed or omitted to be performed by such Director, or Officer, in connection with the business of the Company, including reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by such Director in connection with the defense of any action based on any such act or omission, which attorneys' fees may be paid as incurred, including all such liabilities under federal and state securities laws as permitted by law. To the maximum extent permitted under the Act and other applicable law, in the event of any action by a Unit Holder against any Director or Officer, including a derivative suit, the Company shall indemnify, save harmless, and pay all costs, liabilities, damages and expenses of such Director or Officer, including reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in the defense of such action. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, no Director or Officer shall be indemnified by the Company to the extent prohibited or limited (but only to the extent limited) by the Act. The Company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any Person in such Person's official capacity against any liability asserted against and incurred by such Person in or arising from that
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capacity, whether or not the Company would otherwise be required to indemnify the Person against the liability.
5.21 Compensation; Expenses of Directors. No Member or Director shall receive any salary, fee, or draw for services rendered to or on behalf of the Company merely by virtue of their status as a Member or Director, it being the intention that, irrespective of any personal interest of any of the Directors, the Directors shall have authority to establish reasonable compensation of all Directors for services to the Company as Directors, Officers, or otherwise. Except as otherwise approved by or pursuant to a policy approved by the Directors, no Member or Director shall be reimbursed for any expenses incurred by such Member or Director on behalf of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, by resolution by the Directors, the Directors may be paid as reimbursement therefor, their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Directors. In addition, the Directors, by resolution, may approve from time to time, the salaries and other compensation packages of the Officers of the Company.
5.22 Loans. Any Member or Affiliate may, with the consent of the Directors, lend or advance money to the Company. If any Member or Affiliate shall make any loan or loans to the Company or advance money on its behalf, the amount of any such loan or advance shall not be treated as a contribution to the capital of the Company but shall be a debt due from the Company. The amount of any such loan or advance by a lending Member or Affiliate shall be repayable out of the Company's cash and shall bear interest at a rate not in excess of the prime rate established, from time to time, by any major bank selected by the Directors for loans to its most creditworthy commercial borrowers, plus four percent (4%) per annum. If a Director, or any Affiliate of a Director, is the lending Member, the rate of interest and the terms and conditions of such loan shall be no less favorable to the Company than if the lender had been an independent third party. None of the Members or their Affiliates shall be obligated to make any loan or advance to the Company.
SECTION 6. ROLE OF MEMBERS
6.1 One Membership Class. There shall initially be one class of Membership Interests and one class of Units.
6.2 Members. Each Person who desires to become a Member must complete and execute a signature page to this Agreement in the form of Exhibit "C" attached hereto and such other documents as may be required by the Directors. Each prospective Member must be approved and admitted to the Company by the Board of Directors. The Membership Interests of the Members shall be set forth on Exhibit "A" to this Agreement.
6.3 Additional Members. No Person shall become a Member without the approval of the Directors. The Directors may refuse to admit any Person as a Member in their sole discretion. Any such admission must comply with the requirements described in this Agreement and will be effective only after such Person has executed and delivered to the Company such documentation as determined by the Directors to be necessary and appropriate to effect such admission including the Member's agreement to be bound by this Agreement.
6.4 Rights or Powers. Except as otherwise expressly provided for in this Agreement, the Members shall not have any right or power to take part in the management or control of the Company or its business and affairs or to act for or bind the Company in any way.
6.5 Voting Rights of Members. The Members shall have voting rights as defined by the Membership Voting Interest of such Member and in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Members do not have a right to cumulate their votes for any matter entitled to a vote of the Members, including election of Directors.
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6.6 Member Meetings. Meetings of the Members shall be called by the Directors, and shall be held at the principal office of the Company or at such other place as shall be designated by the person calling the meeting. Members representing an aggregate of not less than thirty percent (30%) of the Membership Voting Interests may also in writing demand that the Directors call a meeting of the Members. Regular meetings of the Members shall be held not less than once per Fiscal Year.
6.7 Conduct of Meetings. Subject to the discretion of the Directors, the Members may participate in any meeting of the Members by means of telephone conference or similar means of communication by which all persons participating in the meeting can simultaneously hear and speak with each other.
6.8 Notice of Meetings; Waiver. Notice of the meeting, stating the place, day and hour of the meeting, shall be given to each Member in accordance with Section 11.1 hereof at least five (5) days and no more than sixty (60) days before the day on which the meeting is to be held. A Member may waive the notice of meeting required hereunder by written notice of waiver signed by the Member whether given before, during or after the meeting. Attendance by a Member at a meeting is waiver of notice of that meeting, unless the Member objects at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened and thereafter does not participate in the meeting.
6.9 Quorum and Proxies. The presence (in person or by proxy or mail ballot) of Members representing an aggregate of at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the Membership Voting Interests is required for the transaction of business at a meeting of the Members. Voting by proxy or by mail ballot shall be permitted on any matter if authorized by the Directors.
6.10 Voting; Action by Members. If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter (including units represented in person, by proxy or by mail ballot) shall constitute the act of the Members, unless the vote of a greater or lesser proportion or numbers is otherwise required by this Agreement.
6.11 Record Date. For the purpose of determining Members entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of Members or any adjournment of the meeting, or Members entitled to receive payment of any distribution, or to make a determination of Members for any other purpose, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed (or otherwise delivered) or the date on which the resolution declaring the distribution is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for determination of Members.
6.12 Termination of Membership. The membership of a Member in the Company shall terminate upon the occurrence of events described in the Act, including registration and withdrawal. If for any reason the membership of a Member is terminated, the Member whose membership has terminated loses all Membership Voting Interests and shall be considered merely as Assignee of the Membership Economic Interest owned before the termination of membership, having only the rights of an unadmitted Assignee provided for in Section 9.7 hereof.
6.13 Continuation of the Company. The Company shall not be dissolved upon the occurrence of any event that is deemed to terminate the continued membership of a Member. The Company's affairs shall not be required to be wound up. The Company shall continue without dissolution.
6.14 No Obligation to Purchase Membership Interest. No Member whose membership in the Company terminates, nor any transferee of such Member, shall have any right to demand or receive a return of such terminated Member's Capital Contributions or to require the purchase or redemption of the Member's Membership Interest. The other Members and the Company shall not have any obligation to purchase or redeem the Membership Interest of any such terminated Member or transferee of any such terminated Member.
6.15 Waiver of Dissenters Rights. Each Member hereby disclaims, waives and agrees, to the fullest extent permitted by law or the Act, not to assert dissenters' or similar rights under the Act.
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SECTION 7. ACCOUNTING, BOOKS AND RECORDS
7.1 Accounting, Books and Records. The books and records of the Company shall be kept, and the financial position and the results of its operations recorded, in accordance with GAAP. The books and records shall reflect all the Company transactions and shall be appropriate and adequate for the Company's business. The Company shall maintain at its principal place of business all of the following: (i) A current list of the full name and last known business or residence address of each Member and Assignee set forth in alphabetical order, together with the Capital Contributions, Capital Account and Units of each Member and Assignee; (ii) The full name and business address of each Director; (iii) A copy of the Certificate and any and all amendments thereto together with executed copies of any powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate or any amendments thereto have been executed; (iv) Copies of the Company's federal, state, and local income tax or information returns and reports, if any, for the six most recent taxable years; (v) A copy of this Agreement and any and all amendments thereto together with executed copies of any powers of attorney pursuant to which this Agreement or any amendments thereto have been executed; and (vi) Copies of the financial statements of the Company, if any, for the six most recent Fiscal Years. The Company shall use the accrual method of accounting in preparation of its financial reports and for tax purposes and shall keep its books and records accordingly.
7.2 Delivery to Members and Inspection. Any Member or its designated representative shall have reasonable access during normal business hours to the information and documents kept by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1. The rights granted to a Member pursuant to this Section 7.2 are expressly subject to compliance by such Member with the safety, security and confidentiality procedures and guidelines of the Company, as such procedures and guidelines may be established from time to time. Upon the request of any Member for purposes reasonably related to the interest of that Person as a Member, the Directors shall promptly deliver to the requesting Member, at the expense of the requesting Member, a copy of the information required to be maintained under Section 7.1. Each Member has the right, upon reasonable request for purposes reasonably related to the interest of the Person as a Member and for proper purposes, to: (i) inspect and copy during normal business hours any of the Company records described in Section 7.1; and (ii) obtain from the Directors, promptly after their becoming available, a copy of the Company's federal, state, and local income tax or information returns for each Fiscal Year. Each Assignee shall have the right to information regarding the Company only to the extent required by the Act.
7.3 Reports. The chief financial officer of the Company shall be responsible for causing the preparation of financial reports of the Company and the coordination of financial matters of the Company with the Company's accountants. The Company shall cause to be delivered to each Member the financial statements listed below, prepared, in each case (other than with respect to Member's Capital Accounts, which shall be prepared in accordance with this Agreement) in accordance with GAAP consistently applied. As soon as practicable following the end of each Fiscal Year (and in any event not later than one hundred and twenty (120) days after the end of such Fiscal Year) and at such time as distributions are made to the Unit Holders pursuant to Section 10 hereof following the occurrence of a Dissolution Event, a balance sheet of the Company as of the end of such Fiscal Year and the related statements of operations, Unit Holders' Capital Accounts and changes therein, and cash flows for such Fiscal Year, together with appropriate notes to such financial statements and supporting schedules, all of which shall be audited and certified by the Company's accountants, and in each case, to the extent the Company was in existence, setting forth in comparative form the corresponding figures for the immediately preceding Fiscal Year end (in the case of the balance sheet) and the two (2) immediately preceding Fiscal Years (in the case of the statements).
7.4 Tax Matters. The Directors shall, without any further consent of the Unit Holders being required (except as specifically required herein), make any and all elections for federal, state, local, and foreign tax purposes as the Directors shall determine appropriate and represent the Company and the
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Unit Holders before taxing authorities or courts of competent jurisdiction in tax matters affecting the Company or the Unit Holders in their capacities as Unit Holders, and to file any tax returns and execute any agreements or other documents relating to or affecting such tax matters, including agreements or other documents that bind the Unit Holders with respect to such tax matters or otherwise affect the rights of the Company and the Unit Holders. The Directors shall designate a Person to be specifically authorized to act as the "Tax Matters Member" under the Code and in any similar capacity under state or local law; provided, however, that the Directors shall have the authority to designate, remove and replace the Tax Matters Member who shall act as the tax matters partner within the meaning of and pursuant to Regulations Sections 301.6231(a)(7)-1 and -2 or any similar provision under state or local law. Necessary tax information shall be delivered to each Unit Holder as soon as practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year of the Company but not later than three (3) months after the end of each Fiscal Year.
SECTION 8. AMENDMENTS
8.1 Amendments. Amendments to this Agreement may be proposed by the Board of Directors or any Member. Following such proposal, the Board of Directors shall submit to the Members a verbatim statement of any proposed amendment, providing that counsel for the Company shall have approved of the same in writing as to form, and the Board of Directors shall include in any such submission a recommendation as to the proposed amendment. The Board of Directors shall seek the written vote of the Members on the proposed amendment or shall call a meeting to vote thereon and to transact any other business that it may deem appropriate. A proposed amendment shall be adopted and be effective as an amendment hereto only if approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Membership Voting Interests constituting the quorum. Notwithstanding any provision of this Section 8.1 to the contrary, this Agreement shall not be amended without the consent of each Member adversely affected if such amendment would modify the limited liability of a Member, or alter the Membership Economic Interest of a Member.
SECTION 9. TRANSFERS
9.1 Restrictions on Transfers. Except as otherwise permitted by this Agreement, no Member shall Transfer all or any portion of its Units. In the event that any Member pledges or otherwise encumbers all or any part of its Units as security for the payment of a Debt, any such pledge or hypothecation shall be made pursuant to a pledge or hypothecation agreement that requires the pledgee or secured party to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Section 9. In the event such pledgee or secured party becomes the Unit Holder hereunder pursuant to the exercise of such party's rights under such pledge or hypothecation agreement, such pledgee or secured party shall be bound by all terms and conditions of this Operating Agreement and all other agreements governing the rights and obligations of Unit Holders. In such case, such pledgee or secured party, and any transferee or purchaser of the Units held by such pledgee or secured party, shall not have any Membership Voting Interest attached to such Units unless and until the Directors have approved in writing and admitted as a Member hereunder, such pledgee, secured party, transferee or purchaser of such Units.
9.2 Permitted Transfers. Subject to the conditions and restrictions set forth in this Section 9, a Unit Holder may:
(a) at any time Transfer all or any portion of its Units:
(i) to the transferor's administrator or trustee to whom such Units are transferred involuntarily by operation of law or judicial decree, or;
(ii) without consideration to or in trust for descendants or the spouse of a Member; and
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(b) at any time following the date on which substantial operations of the Facilities commence, Transfer all or any portion of its Units:
(i) to any Person approved by the Directors in writing,
(ii) to any other Member or to any Affiliate or Related Party of another Member; or
(iii) to any Affiliate or Related Party of the transferor.
Any such Transfer set forth in this Section 9.2 and meeting the conditions set forth in Section 9.3 below is referred to in this Agreement as a "Permitted Transfer."
9.3 Conditions Precedent to Transfers In addition to the conditions set forth above, no Transfer of a Membership Interest shall be effective unless and until all of the following conditions have been satisfied:
(a) Except in the case of a Transfer involuntarily by operation of law, the transferor and transferee shall execute and deliver to the Company such documents and instruments of Transfer as may be necessary or appropriate in the opinion of counsel to the Company to effect such Transfer. In the case of a Transfer of Units involuntarily by operation of law, the Transfer shall be confirmed by presentation to the Company of legal evidence of such Transfer, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to the Company. In all cases, the transferor and/or transferee shall pay all reasonable costs and expenses connected with the Transfer and the admission of the Transferee as a Member and incurred as a result of such Transfer, including but not limited to, legal fees and costs.
(b) The transferor and transferee shall furnish the Company with the transferee's taxpayer identification number, sufficient information to determine the transferee's initial tax basis in the Units transferred, and any other information reasonably necessary to permit the Company to file all required federal and state tax returns and other legally required information statements or returns. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to make any distribution otherwise provided for in this Agreement with respect to any transferred Units until it has received such information.
(c) Except in the case of a Transfer of any Units involuntarily by operation of law, either (i) such Units shall be registered under the Securities Act, and any applicable state securities laws, or (ii) the transferor shall provide an opinion of counsel, which opinion and counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Directors, to the effect that such Transfer is exempt from all applicable registration requirements and that such Transfer will not violate any applicable laws regulating the Transfer of securities.
(d) Except in the case of a Transfer of Units involuntarily by operation of law, the transferor shall provide an opinion of counsel, which opinion and counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Directors, to the effect that such Transfer will not cause the Company to be deemed to be an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
(e) Unless otherwise approved by the Directors and Members representing in the aggregate a 75% majority of the Membership Voting Interests, no Transfer of Units shall be made except upon terms which would not, in the opinion of counsel chosen by and mutually acceptable to the Directors and the transferor Member, result in the termination of the Company within the meaning of Section 708 of the Code or cause the application of the rules of Sections 168(g)(1)(B) and 168(h) of the Code or similar rules to apply to the Company. If the immediate Transfer of such Unit would, in the opinion of such counsel, cause a termination within the meaning of Section 708 of the Code, then if, in the opinion of such counsel, the following action would not precipitate such termination, the transferor Member shall be entitled to (or required, as the case may be) (i) immediately Transfer only that portion of its Units as may, in the opinion of such
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counsel, be transferred without causing such a termination and (ii) enter into an agreement to Transfer the remainder of its Units, in one or more Transfers, at the earliest date or dates on which such Transfer or Transfers may be effected without causing such termination. The purchase price for the Units shall be allocated between the immediate Transfer and the deferred Transfer or Transfers pro rata on the basis of the percentage of the aggregate Units being transferred, each portion to be payable when the respective Transfer is consummated, unless otherwise agreed by the parties to the Transfer. In the case of a Transfer by one Member to another Member, the deferred purchase price shall be deposited in an interest-bearing escrow account unless another method of securing the payment thereof is agreed upon by the transferor Member and the transferee Member(s).
(f) No notice or request initiating the procedures contemplated by Section 9.3 may be given by any Member after a Dissolution Event has occurred. No Member may sell all or any portion of its Units after a Dissolution Event has occurred.
(g) No Person shall Transfer any Unit if, in the determination of the Directors, such Transfer would cause the Company to be treated as a "publicly traded partnership" within the meaning of Section 7704(b) of the Code.
The Directors shall have the authority to waive any legal opinion or other condition required in this Section 9.3 other than the Member approval requirement set forth in Section 9.3(e).
9.4 Prohibited Transfers. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not permitted under this Section shall be null and void and of no force or effect whatsoever; provided that, if the Company is required to recognize such a Transfer (or if the Directors, in their sole discretion, elect to recognize such a Transfer), the Units Transferred shall be strictly limited to the transferor's Membership Economic Interests as provided by this Agreement with respect to the transferred Units, which Membership Economic Interests may be applied (without limiting any other legal or equitable rights of the Company) to satisfy any debts, obligations, or liabilities for damages that the transferor or transferee of such Interest may have to the Company. In the case of a Transfer or attempted Transfer of Units that is not permitted under this Section, the parties engaging or attempting to engage in such Transfer shall be liable to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and the other Members from all cost, liability, and damage that any of such indemnified Members may incur (including, without limitation, incremental tax liabilities, lawyers' fees and expenses) as a result of such Transfer or attempted Transfer and efforts to enforce the indemnity granted hereby.
9.5 No Dissolution or Termination. The transfer of a Membership Interest pursuant to the terms of this Article shall not dissolve or terminate the Company. No Member shall have the right to have the Company dissolved or to have such Member's Capital Contribution returned except as provided in this Agreement.
9.6 Prohibition of Assignment. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article, Transfer of a Membership Interest may be made if the Membership Interest sought to be sold, exchanged or transferred, when added to the total of all other Membership Interests sold, exchanged or transferred within the period of twelve (12) consecutive months prior thereto, would result in the termination of the company under Section 708 of the Internal Revenue Code. In the event of a transfer of any Membership Interests, the Members will determine, in their sole discretion, whether or not the Company will elect pursuant to Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code (or corresponding provisions of future law) to adjust the basis of the assets of the Company.
9.7 Rights of Unadmitted Assignees. A Person who acquires Units but who is not admitted as a substituted Member pursuant to Section 9.8 hereof shall be entitled only to the Membership Economic Interests with respect to such Units in accordance with this Agreement, and shall not be entitled to the Membership Voting Interest with respect to such Units. In addition, such Person shall have no right to
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any information or accounting of the affairs of the Company, shall not be entitled to inspect the books or records of the Company, and shall not have any of the rights of a Member under the Act or this Agreement.
9.8 Admission of Substituted Members. As to Permitted Transfers, a transferee of Units shall be admitted as a substitute Member provided that such transferee has complied with the following provisions: (a) The transferee of Units shall, by written instrument in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Directors; (i) accept and adopt the terms and provisions of this Agreement, including this Section 9, and (ii) assume the obligations of the transferor Member under this Agreement with respect to the transferred Units. The transferor Member shall be released from all such assumed obligations except (x) those obligations or liabilities of the transferor Member arising out of a breach of this Agreement, (y) in the case of a Transfer to any Person other than a Member or any of its Affiliates, those obligations or liabilities of the transferor Member based on events occurring, arising or maturing prior to the date of Transfer, and (z) in the case of a Transfer to any of its Affiliates, any Capital Contribution or other financing obligation of the transferor Member under this Agreement; (b) The transferee pays or reimburses the Company for all reasonable legal, filing, and publication costs that the Company incurs in connection with the admission of the transferee as a Member with respect to the Transferred Units; and (c) Except in the case of a Transfer involuntarily by operation of law, if required by the Directors, the transferee (other than a transferee that was a Member prior to the Transfer) shall deliver to the Company evidence of the authority of such Person to become a Member and to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, and the transferee and transferor shall each execute and deliver such other instruments as the Directors reasonably deem necessary or appropriate to effect, and as a condition to, such Transfer.
9.9 Representations Regarding Transfers.
(a) Each Member hereby covenants and agrees with the Company for the benefit of the Company and all Members, that (i) it is not currently making a market in Units and will not in the future make a market in Units, (ii) it will not Transfer its Units on an established securities market, a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Code Section 7704(b) (and any Regulations, proposed Regulations, revenue rulings, or other official pronouncements of the Internal Revenue Service or Treasury Department that may be promulgated or published thereunder), and (iii) in the event such Regulations, revenue rulings, or other pronouncements treat any or all arrangements which facilitate the selling of Company interests and which are commonly referred to as "matching services" as being a secondary market or substantial equivalent thereof, it will not Transfer any Units through a matching service that is not approved in advance by the Company. Each Member further agrees that it will not Transfer any Units to any Person unless such Person agrees to be bound by this Section 9 and to Transfer such Units only to Persons who agree to be similarly bound.
(b) Each Member hereby represents and warrants to the Company and the Members that such Member's acquisition of Units hereunder is made as principal for such Member's own account and not for resale or distribution of such Units. Each Member further hereby agrees that the following legend, as the same may be amended by the Directors in their sole discretion, may be placed upon any counterpart of this Agreement, the Certificate, or any other document or instrument evidencing ownership of Units:
THE TRANSFERABILITY OF THE MEMBERSHIP UNITS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE IS RESTRICTED. SUCH UNITS MAY NOT BE SOLD, ASSIGNED, OR TRANSFERRED, NOR WILL ANY ASSIGNEE, VENDEE, TRANSFEREE OR ENDORSEE THEREOF BE RECOGNIZED AS HAVING ACQUIRED ANY SUCH UNITS FOR ANY PURPOSES, UNLESS AND TO THE EXTENT SUCH SALE, TRANSFER, HYPOTHECATION, OR ASSIGNMENT IS PERMITTED BY, AND IS
24
COMPLETED IN STRICT ACCORDANCE WITH, THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN THE OPERATING AGREEMENT OF THE COMPANY.
THE UNITS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, OR TRANSFERRED IN ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION OR EXEMPTION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND UNDER APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.
9.10 Distribution and Allocations in Respect of Transferred Units. If any Units are Transferred during any Fiscal Year in compliance with the provisions of this Section 9, Profits, Losses, each item thereof, and all other items attributable to the Transferred Units for such Fiscal Year shall be divided and allocated between the transferor and the transferee by taking into account their varying interests during the Fiscal Year in accordance with Code Section 706(d), using any conventions permitted by law and selected by the Directors. All distributions on or before the date of such Transfer shall be made to the transferor, and all distributions thereafter shall be made to the transferee. Solely for purposes of making such allocations and distributions, the Company shall recognize such Transfer to be effective as of the first day of the month following the month in which all documents to effectuate the transfer have been executed and delivered to the Company, provided that, if the Company does not receive a notice stating the date such Units were transferred and such other information as the Directors may reasonably require within thirty (30) days after the end of the Fiscal Year during which the Transfer occurs, then all such items shall be allocated, and all distributions shall be made, to the Person, who according to the books and records of the Company, was the owner of the Units on the last day of such Fiscal Year. Neither the Company nor any Member shall incur any liability for making allocations and distributions in accordance with the provisions of this Section 9.10 whether or not the Directors or the Company has knowledge of any Transfer of ownership of any Units.
9.11 Additional Members. Additional Members may be admitted from time to time upon the approval of the Directors. Any such additional Member shall pay such purchase price for his/her/its Membership Interest and shall be admitted in accordance with such terms and conditions, as the Directors shall approve. All Members acknowledge that the admission of additional Members may result in dilution of a Member's Membership Interest. Prior to the admission of any Person as a Member, such Person shall agree to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and shall sign and deliver an Addendum to this Agreement in the form of Exhibit C, attached hereto. Upon execution of such Addendum, such additional Members shall be deemed to be parties to this Agreement as if they had executed this Agreement on the original date hereof, and, along with the parties to this Agreement, shall be bound by all the provisions hereof from and after the date of execution hereof. The Members hereby designate and appoint the Directors to accept such additional Members and to sign on their behalf any Addendum in the form of Exhibit C, attached hereto.
SECTION 10. DISSOLUTION AND WINDING UP
10.1 Dissolution. The Company shall dissolve and shall commence winding up and liquidating upon the first to occur of any of the following (each a "Dissolution Event"): (i) The affirmative vote of a 75% majority in interest of the Membership Voting Interests to dissolve, wind up, and liquidate the Company; or (ii) The entry of a decree of judicial dissolution pursuant to the Act. The Members hereby agree that, notwithstanding any provision of the Act, the Company shall not dissolve prior to the occurrence of a Dissolution Event.
10.2 Winding Up. Upon the occurrence of a Dissolution Event, the Company shall continue solely for the purposes of winding up its affairs in an orderly manner, liquidating its assets, and satisfying the claims of its creditors and Members, and no Member shall take any action that is inconsistent with, or not necessary to or appropriate for, the winding up of the Company's business and affairs, PROVIDED that all covenants contained in this Agreement and obligations provided for in this
25
Agreement shall continue to be fully binding upon the Members until such time as the Property has been distributed pursuant to this Section 10.2 and the Certificate has been canceled pursuant to the Act. The Liquidator shall be responsible for overseeing the prompt and orderly winding up and dissolution of the Company. The Liquidator shall take full account of the Company's liabilities and Property and shall cause the Property or the proceeds from the sale thereof (as determined pursuant to Section 10.8 hereof), to the extent sufficient therefor, to be applied and distributed, to the maximum extent permitted by law, in the following order: (a) First, to creditors (including Members and Directors who are creditors, to the extent otherwise permitted by law) in satisfaction of all of the Company's Debts and other liabilities (whether by payment or the making of reasonable provision for payment thereof), other than liabilities for which reasonable provision for payment has been made; and (b) Second, except as provided in this Agreement, to Members in satisfaction of liabilities for distributions pursuant to the Act; (c) Third, the balance, if any, to the Unit Holders in accordance with the positive balance in their Capital Accounts calculated after making the required adjustment set forth in clause (t) of the definition of Gross Asset Value in Section 1.10 of this Agreement, after giving effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all periods.
10.3 Compliance with Certain Requirements of Regulations; Deficit Capital Accounts. In the event the Company is "liquidated" within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g), distributions shall be made pursuant to this Section 10 to the Unit Holders who have positive Capital Accounts in compliance with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(b)(2). If any Unit Holder has a deficit balance in his Capital Account (after giving effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all Fiscal Years, including the Fiscal Year during which such liquidation occurs), such Unit Holder shall have no obligation to make any contribution to the capital of the Company with respect to such deficit, and such deficit shall not be considered a debt owed to the Company or to any other Person for any purpose whatsoever. In the discretion of the Liquidator, a pro rata portion of the distributions that would otherwise be made to the Unit Holders pursuant to this Section 10 may be: (a) Distributed to a trust established for the benefit of the Unit Holders for the purposes of liquidating Company assets, collecting amounts owed to the Company, and paying any contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Company. The assets of any such trust shall be distributed to the Unit Holders from time to time, in the reasonable discretion of the Liquidator, in the same proportions as the amount distributed to such trust by the Company would otherwise have been distributed to the Unit Holders pursuant to Section 10.2 hereof; or (b) Withheld to provide a reasonable reserve for Company liabilities (contingent or otherwise) and to reflect the unrealized portion of any installment obligations owed to the Company, provided that such withheld amounts shall be distributed to the Unit Holders as soon as practicable.
10.4 Deemed Distribution and Recontribution. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 10, in the event the Company is liquidated within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g) but no Dissolution Event has occurred, the Property shall not be liquidated, the Company's Debts and other liabilities shall not be paid or discharged, and the Company's affairs shall not be wound up.
10.5 Rights of Unit Holders. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, each Unit Holder shall look solely to the Property of the Company for the return of its Capital Contribution and has no right or power to demand or receive Property other than cash from the Company. If the assets of the Company remaining after payment or discharge of the debts or liabilities of the Company are insufficient to return such Capital Contribution, the Unit Holders shall have no recourse against the Company or any other Unit Holder or Directors.
10.6 Allocations During Period of Liquidation. During the period commencing on the first day of the Fiscal Year during which a Dissolution Event occurs and ending on the date on which all of the assets of the Company have been distributed to the Unit Holders pursuant to Section 10.2 hereof (the
26
"Liquidation Period"), the Unit Holders shall continue to share Profits, Losses, gain, loss and other items of Company income, gain, loss or deduction in the manner provided in Section 3 hereof.
10.7 Character of Liquidating Distributions. All payments made in liquidation of the interest of a Unit Holder in the Company shall be made in exchange for the interest of such Unit Holder in Property pursuant to Section 736(b)(1) of the Code, including the interest of such Unit Holder in Company goodwill.
10.8 The Liquidator. The "Liquidator" shall mean a Person appointed by the Directors(s) to oversee the liquidation of the Company. Upon the consent of a majority in interest of the Members, the Liquidator may be the Directors. The Company is authorized to pay a reasonable fee to the Liquidator for its services performed pursuant to this Section 10 and to reimburse the Liquidator for its reasonable costs and expenses incurred in performing those services. The Company shall indemnify, save harmless, and pay all judgments and claims against such Liquidator or any officers, Directors, agents or employees of the Liquidator relating to any liability or damage incurred by reason of any act performed or omitted to be performed by the Liquidator, or any officers, Directors, agents or employees of the Liquidator in connection with the liquidation of the Company, including reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by the Liquidator, officer, Director, agent or employee in connection with the defense of any action based on any such act or omission, which attorneys' fees may be paid as incurred, except to the extent such liability or damage is caused by the fraud, intentional misconduct of, or a knowing violation of the laws by the Liquidator which was material to the cause of action.
10.9 Forms of Liquidating Distributions. For purposes of making distributions required by Section 10.2 hereof, the Liquidator may determine whether to distribute all or any portion of the Property in-kind or to sell all or any portion of the Property and distribute the proceeds therefrom.
SECTION 11. MISCELLANEOUS
11.1 Notices. Any notice, payment, demand, or communication required or permitted to be given by any provision of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been delivered, given, and received for all purposes (i) if delivered personally to the Person or to an officer of the Person to whom the same is directed, or (ii) when the same is actually received, if sent by regular or certified mail, postage and charges prepaid, or by facsimile, if such facsimile is followed by a hard copy of the facsimile communication sent promptly thereafter by registered or certified mail, postage and charges prepaid, addressed as follows, or to such other address as such Person may from time to time specify by notice to the Members and the Directors: (a) If to the Company, to the address determined pursuant to Section 1.4 hereof; (b) If to the Directors, to the address set forth on record with the company; (c) If to a Member, either to the address set forth in Section 2.1 hereof or to such other address that has been provided in writing to the Company.
11.2 Binding Effect. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, every covenant, term, and provision of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Members and their respective successors, transferees, and assigns.
11.3 Construction. Every covenant, term, and provision of this Agreement shall be construed simply according to its fair meaning and not strictly for or against any Member.
11.4 Headings. Section and other headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and are not intended to describe, interpret, define, or limit the scope, extent, or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
11.5 Severability. Except as otherwise provided in the succeeding sentence, every provision of this Agreement is intended to be severable, and, if any term or provision of this Agreement is illegal or invalid for any reason whatsoever, such illegality or invalidity shall not affect the validity or legality of the remainder of this Agreement. The preceding sentence of this Section 11.5 shall be of no force or
27
effect if the consequence of enforcing the remainder of this Agreement without such illegal or invalid term or provision would be to cause any Member to lose the material benefit of its economic bargain.
11.6 Incorporation By Reference. Every exhibit, schedule, and other appendix attached to this Agreement and referred to herein is incorporated in this Agreement by reference unless this Agreement expressly otherwise provides.
11.7 Variation of Terms. All terms and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the Person or Persons may require.
11.8 Governing Law. The laws of the State of Delaware shall govern the validity of this Agreement, the construction of its terms, and the interpretation of the rights and duties arising hereunder.
11.9 Waiver of Jury Trial. Each of the Members irrevocably waives to the extent permitted by law, all rights to trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim arising out of or relating to this Agreement.
11.10 Counterpart Execution. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same effect as if all of the Members had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one agreement.
11.11 Specific Performance. Each Member agrees with the other Members that the other Members would be irreparably damaged if any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms and that monetary damages would not provide an adequate remedy in such event. Accordingly, it is agreed that, in addition to any other remedy to which the nonbreaching Members may be entitled, at law or in equity, the nonbreaching Members shall be entitled to injunctive relief to prevent breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and specifically to enforce the terms and provisions hereof in any action instituted in any court of the United States or any state thereof having subject matter jurisdiction thereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed and entered into this Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company as of the day first set forth above.
| | COMPANY: |
| | ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC |
| | By: | /s/ REVIS L. STEPHENSON III
|
| | Its: | Chairman |
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EXHIBIT "A"
Membership List
Revis L. Stephenson, III 1850 Fox Ridge Road Orono, MN 55356 | | 205,000 |
Holmes Residuary Trust 206 Dawnee Street Tomah, WI 54660 | | 115,000 |
BioEnergy Capital Consultants, LLC 44095 212th Street Lake Preston, SD 57249 | | 50,000 |
Troy Otte 429 Florida Court York, NY 68467 | | 19,500 |
Richard W. and Kay Hughes 801 N. 1st Geneva, NE 68361 | | 19,500 |
Robert E. Bettger 910 9th Street Fairmont, NE 68354 | | 18,000 |
John E. Lovegrove 902 Road F Fairmont, NE 68354 | | 18,000 |
Larry L. Cerny Trust 810 N. Street Geneva, NE 68361 | | 15,000 |
Keith E.Spohn 706 Road C Friend, NE 68359 | | 15,000 |
Joan Blonigan-Christanson P.O. Box 108, 18750 Hwy 715 Blomkest, MN 56216 | | 30,000 |
Terry and Jill Bonk (JTROS) 2494 Canton Court Mendota Heights, MN 55120 | | 30,000 |
PetMer Partnership c/o Piper Jaffray Gary Petrucci 800 Nicollet Mall J06S01 Minneapolis, MN 55402 | | 15,000 |
Netsch Limited Partnership 1001 Cross Timbers Road Suite 2014 Flower Mound, TX 75028 | | 30,000 |
Robert and Janet Mackey (JTROS) 916 East Gregory Street Pensacola, FL 32502 | | 30,000 |
Ray Habelman 16237 Hwy 21 Tomah, WI 54660 | | 15,000 |
| |
|
TOTAL | | 625,000 |
| |
|
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EXHIBIT "B"
Initial Board of Directors
Initial Board of Directors
| | Addresses of Initial Board of Directors
|
---|
Revis L. Stephenson, III | | 1850 Fox Ridge Road Orono, MN 55356 |
Robert W. Holmes | | 206 Dawnee Street Tomah, WI 54660 |
John T. Porter | | 4424 South 179th Street Omaha, NE 68135 |
Robert E. Bettger | | 910 9th Street Fairmont, NE 68354 |
Larry L. Cerny | | 810 N 8th Street Geneva, NE 68361 |
Richard W. Hughes | | 810 N. 1st Street Geneva, NE 68361 |
John E. Lovegrove | | 902 Road F Fairmont, NE 68354 |
Troy Otte | | 429 Florida Court York, NE 68467 |
Keith E. Spohn | | 706 Road C Friend, NE 68359 |
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EXHIBIT "C"
MEMBER SIGNATURE PAGE
ADDENDA TO THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
The undersigned does hereby represent and warrant that the undersigned, as a condition to becoming a Member in Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, has received a copy of the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated June 30, 2005, and, if applicable, all amendments and modifications thereto, and does hereby agree that the undersigned, along with the other parties to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, shall be subject to and comply with all terms and conditions of said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement in all respects as if the undersigned had executed said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement on the original date thereof and that the undersigned is and shall be bound by all of the provisions of said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement from and after the date of execution hereof.
Individuals: | | Entities: |
| | | | |
| |
|
Name of Individual Member (Please Print) | | Name of Entity (Please Print) |
| | | | |
| |
|
Signature of Individual | | Print Name and Title of Officer |
| | | | |
| |
|
Name of Joint Individual Member (Please Print) | | Signature of Officer |
| | | | |
| | |
Signature of Joint Individual Member | | |
Agreed and Accepted on Behalf of the Company and its Members: | | |
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC | | |
By: | | | | |
| |
| | |
Its: | | | | |
| |
| | |
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Exhibit C
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
Limited Liability Company Membership Units
$10.00 per Unit
Minimum Investment of 2,500 Units ($25,000)
100 Unit Increments Thereafter ($1,000)
The undersigned subscriber, desiring to become a member of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC ("Advanced BioEnergy"), a Delaware limited liability company, with its principal place of business at 137 N. 8th Street, Geneva, Nebraska 68361, hereby subscribes for the purchase of the membership interests of Advanced BioEnergy, and agrees to pay the related purchase price, identified below.
A. SUBSCRIBER INFORMATION. Please print your individual or entity name and address. Joint subscribers should provide their respective names. Your name and address will be recorded exactly as printed below.
1. | | Subscriber's Printed Name X; | |
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2. | | Title, if applicable: X; | |
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3. | | Subscriber's Address: X; | |
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| | Street X; | |
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| | City, State, Zip Code X; | |
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4. | | Email Address: X; | |
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B. NUMBER OF UNITS PURCHASED. You must purchase at least 2500 units. We presently have 634,650 units outstanding. The maximum number of units to be sold is 6,732,500.
C. PURCHASE PRICE. Indicate the dollar amount of your investment (minimum investment is $25,000).
1.Total Purchase Price ($10.00 Per Unit multiplied by the number in box B above.) | | = | | 2.1st Installment (10% of the Total Purchase Price) | | + | | 3.2nd Installment (90% of the Total Purchase Price) |
| | = | |
| | + | |
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D. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUBSCRIBERS:
You should read the Prospectus dated [Date of Effectiveness] (the "Prospectus") in its entirety including exhibits for a complete explanation of an investment in Advanced BioEnergy, LLC. To subscribe, you must:
INSTRUCTIONS IF YOU ARE SUBSCRIBINGPRIOR TO THE COMPANY'S RELEASE OF FUNDS FROM ESCROW:If you are subscribing prior to the Company's release of funds from escrow, you must follow Steps 1 through 5 below:
1. Complete all information required in this Subscription Agreement, and date and sign the Subscription Agreement on page 6 and the Member Signature Page to our Amended and Restated Operating Agreement attached to this Subscription Agreement as Exhibit A.
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2. Immediately provide your personal (or business) check for the first installment of ten percent (10%) of your investment amount made payable to Geneva State Bank, escrow agent for Advanced BioEnergy LLC. You will determine this amount in box C.2 on page 1 of this Subscription Agreement.
3. Execute the Promissory Note and Security Agreement on page 7 of this Subscription Agreement evidencing your commitment to pay the remaining ninety percent (90%) due for the Units that is attached to this Subscription Agreement and grant Advanced BioEnergy, LLC a security interest in your Units.
4. Deliver each of the original executed documents referenced in Items 1 and 3 of these Instructions, together with your personal or business check described in Item 2 of these Instructions to either of the following:
Advanced BioEnergy, LLC | | Geneva State Bank |
137 N. 8th Street | | Attn: Aaron Schardt |
Geneva, Nebraska 68361 | | 896 "G" Street Geneva, Nebraska 68361 |
5. Upon written notice from Advanced BioEnergy, LLC stating that its sales of Units have exceeded the Minimum Offering amount of $33,662,500, you must, within twenty (20) days secure an additional personal (or business) check for the second installment of ninety percent (90%) of your investment amount made payable to Geneva State Bank, escrow agent for Advanced BioEnergy, LLC in satisfaction of the Promissory Note and Security Agreement. You will determine this amount in box C.3 on page 1 of this Subscription Agreement. You must deliver this check to the same address set forth above in Instruction 4 within twenty (20) days of the date of Advanced BioEnergy's written notice. If you fail to pay the second installment pursuant to the Promissory Note and Security Agreement, Advanced BioEnergy shall be entitled to retain your first installment and to seek other damages, as provided in the Promissory Note and Security Agreement.
Your funds will be placed in Advanced BioEnergy's escrow account at Geneva State Bank. The funds will be released to Advanced BioEnergy or returned to you in accordance with the escrow arrangements described in the Prospectus. Advanced BioEnergy may, in its sole discretion, reject or accept any part or all of your subscription. If Advanced BioEnergy rejects your subscription, your Subscription Agreement and investment will be promptly returned to you, plus nominal interest, minus escrow fees. Advanced BioEnergy may not consider the acceptance or rejection of your subscription until a future date near the end of this offering.
INSTRUCTIONS IF YOU ARE SUBSCRIBINGAFTER THE COMPANY'S RELEASE OF FUNDS FROM ESCROW:If you are subscribing after the Company's release of funds from escrow, you must follow Steps 1 through 3 below:
1. Complete all information required in this Subscription Agreement, and date and sign the Subscription Agreement on page 6 and the Member Signature Page to our Amended and Restated Operating Agreement attached to this Subscription Agreement as Exhibit A.
2. Immediately provide your personal (or business) check for the entire amount of your investment (as determined in Box C.1 on page 1) made payable to "Advanced BioEnergy, LLC."
3. Deliver the original executed documents referenced in Item 1 of these Instructions, together with your personal or business check described in Item 2 of these Instructions to the following:
2
If you are subscribing after we have released funds from escrow and we accept your investment, your funds will be immediately at-risk as described in the Prospectus. Advanced BioEnergy may, in its sole discretion, reject or accept any part or all of your subscription. If Advanced BioEnergy rejects your subscription, your Subscription Agreement and investment will be returned to you promptly, plus nominal interest, minus escrow fees. Advanced BioEnergy may not consider the acceptance or rejection of your subscription until a future date near the end of this offering.
You may direct your questions to one of our directors listed below or to Advanced BioEnergy at 402-268-3101.
Director
| | Phone Number
|
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Troy Otte | | 402-362-3885 |
John E. Lovegrove | | 402-366-4484 |
Robert E. Bettger | | 402-268-3101 |
Larry L. Cerny | | 402-759-1165 |
Richard W. Hughes | | 402-759-4615 |
Keith E. Spohn | | 402-947-8061 |
If you are a resident of, or an entity with its principal place of business in, the state of Florida, please contact only Robert E. Bettger or Troy Otte at their telephone members listed above for more information as those directors have been designated as our registered issuer-dealer agents in your state.
If you are a resident of, or an entity with its principal place of business in, the state of Kansas, please contact only Robert E. Bettger or Larry L. Cerny at their telephone numbers listed above for more informaton as those directors have been designated as our registered issuer-dealer agents in your state.
In Nebraska, we have registered the directors listed above as issue-dealer agents selling the offering.
E. Additional Subscriber Information. The subscriber, named above, certifies the following under penalties of perjury:
1. | | Form of Ownership. Check the appropriate box (one only) to indicate form of ownership. If the subscriber is a Custodian, Corporation, Partnership or Trust, please provide the additional information requested. |
| | o | | Individual |
| | o | | Joint Tenants with Right of Survivorship (Both signatures must appear on Page 6.) |
| | o | | Corporation, Limited Liability Company or Partnership (Corporate Resolutions, Operating Agreement or Partnership Agreement must be enclosed.) |
| | o | | Trust |
| | | | Trustee's Name: |
| | | | Trust Date: |
| | o | | Other: Provide detailed information in the space immediately below. |
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| |
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| |
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2. | | Subscriber's Taxpayer Information. Check the appropriate box if you are a non-resident alien, a U.S. Citizen residing outside the United States or subject to backup withholding. Trusts should provide their taxpayer identification number. Custodians should provide the minor's Social Security Number. All individual subscribers should provide their Social Security Number. Other entities should provide their taxpayer identification number. |
| | o | | Check box if you are a non-resident alien |
| | o | | Check box if you are a U.S. citizen residing outside of the United States |
| | o | | Check this box if you are subject to backup withholding |
| | Subscriber's Social Security No. |
| | Joint Subscriber's Social Security No. |
| | Taxpayer Identification No. |
3. | | Member Report Address. If you would like duplicate copies of member reports sent to an address that is different than the address identified in section A, please complete this section. |
| | Address: |
4. | | State of Residence. |
| | State of Principal Residence: |
| | State where driver's license is issued: |
| | State where resident income taxes are filed: |
| | State(s) in which you have maintained your principal residence during the past three years: |
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| | a. b. c. |
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5. | | Suitability Standards. You cannot invest in Advanced BioEnergy unless you meet one, or more, of the following suitability tests (a, or b) set forth below. Please review the suitability tests and check the box(es) next to the following suitability test that you meet. For husbands and wives purchasing jointly, the tests below will be applied on a joint basis. |
| | a.o I (We) have annual income from whatever source of at least $45,000and a net worth of at least $45,000, exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles; or |
| | b.o I (We) have a net worth of at least $100,000, exclusive of home, furnishings and automobiles. |
6. | | Subscriber's Representations and Warranties. You must read and certify your representations and warranties and sign and date this Subscription Agreement. |
| | By signing below the subscriber represents and warrants to Advanced BioEnergy that he, she or it: |
initial here | | | | |
| | a. | | has received a copy of Advanced BioEnergy's Prospectus dated November 10, 2005 and the exhibits thereto; |
| | | | |
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| | b. | | has been informed that the Units of Advanced BioEnergy are offered and sold in reliance upon a federal securities registration; Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky and Florida securities registrations; and exemptions from securities registrations in various other states, and understands that the Units to be issued pursuant to this subscription agreement can only be sold to a person meeting requirements of suitability; |
| | c. | | has been informed that the securities purchased pursuant to this Subscription Agreement have not been registered under the securities laws of any state other than the States of Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas and Florida, and that Advanced BioEnergy is relying in part upon the representations of the undersigned Subscriber contained herein; |
| | d. | | has been informed that the securities subscribed for have not been approved or disapproved by the Nebraska, South Dakota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky and Florida Securities Departments or any other regulatory authority, nor has any regulatory authority passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the Prospectus; |
| | e. | | intends to acquire the Units for his/her/its own account without a view to public distribution or resale and that he/she/it has no contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement to sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of any Units or any portion thereof to any other person; |
| | f. | | understands that there is no present market for Advanced BioEnergy's membership units, that the membership units will not trade on an exchange or automatic quotation system, that no such market is expected to develop in the future and that there are significant restrictions on the transferability of the membership units; |
| | g. | | has been encouraged to seek the advice of his legal counsel and accountants or other financial advisers with respect to the tax and other considerations relating to the purchase of units; |
| | h. | | has received a copy of the Advanced BioEnergy Operating Agreement, dated June 30, 2005, and understands that upon closing the escrow by Advanced BioEnergy, the subscriber and the membership units will be bound by the provisions of the Operating Agreement which contains, among other things, provisions that restrict the transfer of membership units; |
| | i. | | understands that the Units are subject to substantial restrictions on transfer under state securities laws along with restrictions in the Advanced BioEnergy Operating Agreement and agrees that if the membership units or any part thereof are sold or distributed in the future, the subscriber shall sell or distribute them pursuant to the terms of the Operating Agreement, and the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and applicable state securities laws; |
| | j. | | meets the suitability test marked in Item 5 above and is capable of bearing the economic risk of this investment, including the possible total loss of the investment; |
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| | k. | | understands that Advanced BioEnergy will place a restrictive legend on any certificate representing any unit containing substantially the following language as the same may be amended by the Directors of Advanced BioEnergy in their sole discretion: |
| | | | | | THE TRANSFERABILITY OF THE UNITS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE IS RESTRICTED. SUCH UNITS MAY NOT BE SOLD, ASSIGNED, OR TRANSFERRED, NOR WILL ANY ASSIGNEE, VENDEE, TRANSFEREE, OR ENDORSEE THEREOF BE RECOGNIZED AS HAVING ACQUIRED ANY SUCH UNITS FOR ANY PURPOSES, UNLESS AND TO THE EXTENT SUCH SALE, TRANSFER, HYPOTHECATION, OR ASSIGNMENT IS PERMITTED BY, AND IS COMPLETED IN STRICT ACCORDANCE WITH, APPLICABLE STATE AND FEDERAL LAW AND THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT AS AGREED TO BY EACH MEMBER. |
| | | | | | THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, OR TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF EITHER AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND UNDER APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY THAT SUCH TRANSACTION IS EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND UNDER APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. |
| | l. | | understands that, to enforce the above legend, Advanced BioEnergy may place a stop transfer order with its registrar and stock transfer agent (if any) covering all certificates representing any of the membership units; |
| | m. | | may not transfer or assign this subscription agreement, or any of the subscriber's interest herein; |
| | n. | | has written his, her, or its correct taxpayer identification number under Item E.2 on this subscription agreement; |
| | o. | | is not subject to back up withholding either because he, she or it has not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") that he, she or it is subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or the IRS has notified him, her or it that he is no longer subject to backup withholding (Note this clause (p) should be crossed out if the backup withholding box in Item 2 is checked); |
| | p. | | understands that execution of the attached Promissory Note and Security Agreement will allow Advanced BioEnergy or its assigns to pursue the obligor for payment of the amount due thereon by any legal means, including, but not limited to, acquisition of a judgment against the obligor in the event that the subscriber defaults on that Promissory Note and Security Agreement; and |
| | q. | | Acknowledges that Advanced BioEnergy may retain possession of certificates representing subscriber's Units to perfect its security interest in those Units. |
6
Signature of Subscriber/Joint Subscriber:
Date: | |
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Individuals: | | | | Entities: |
Name of Individual Subscriber (Please Print) |
|
Name of Entity (Please Print) |
Signature of Individual |
|
Print Name and Title of Officer |
Name of Joint Individual Subscriber (Please Print) |
|
Signature of Officer |
Signature of Joint Individual Subscriber |
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| | | | |
ACCEPTANCE OF SUBSCRIPTION BY ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC:
Advanced BioEnergy, LLC hereby accepts the subscription for the above Units.
Dated this day of , 200 .
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
7
PROMISSORY NOTE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
Date of Subscription Agreement: , 200 .
$10.00 per Unit
Minimum Investment of 2,500 Units ($25,000), 100 Unit Increments Thereafter ($1,000)
| | Number of Units subscribed |
| | Total Purchase Price ($10.00 per Unit multiplied by number of Units subscribed) |
( ) | | Less Initial Payment (10% of Principal Amount) |
| | Principal Balance |
| | |
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby promises to pay to the order of Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Advanced BioEnergy"), at its principal office located at 137 N. 8th Street, Geneva, Nebraska 68361, or at such other place as required by Advanced BioEnergy, the Principal Balance set forth above in one lump sum to be paid without interest within 20 days following the call of the Advanced BioEnergy Board of Directors, as described in the Subscription Agreement. In the event the undersigned fails to timely make any payment owed, the entire balance of any amounts due under this full recourse Promissory Note and Security Agreement shall be immediately due and payable in full with interest at the rate of 12% per annum from the due date and any amounts previously paid in relation to the obligation evidenced by this Promissory Note and Security Agreement may be forfeited at the discretion of Advanced BioEnergy.
The undersigned agrees to pay to Advanced BioEnergy on demand, all costs and expenses incurred to collect any indebtedness evidenced by this Promissory Note and Security Agreement, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees. This Promissory Note and Security Agreement may not be modified orally and shall in all respects be governed by, construed, and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.
The provisions of this Promissory Note and Security Agreement shall inure to the benefit of Advanced BioEnergy and its successors and assigns, which expressly reserves the right to pursue the undersigned for payment of the amount due thereon by any legal means in the event that the undersigned defaults on obligations provided in this Promissory Note and Security Agreement.
The undersigned waives presentment, demand for payment, notice of dishonor, notice of protest, and all other notices or demands in connection with the delivery, acceptance, performance or default of this Promissory Note and Security Agreement.
The undersigned grants to Advanced BioEnergy, and its successors and assigns ("Secured Party"), a purchase money security interest in all of the undersigned's Membership Units of Advanced BioEnergy now owned or hereafter acquired. This security interest is granted as non-exclusive collateral to secure payment and performance on the obligation owed Secured Party from the undersigned evidenced by this Promissory Note and Security Agreement. The undersigned further authorizes Secured Party to retain possession of certificates representing such Membership Units and to take any other actions necessary to perfect the security interest granted herein.
Dated: , 200 .
OBLIGOR/DEBTOR: | | JOINT OBLIGOR/DEBTOR: |
Printed or Typed Name of Joint Obligor |
|
Printed or Typed Name of Obligor |
| | |
8
By: |
(Signature) | | By: |
(Signature) |
Officer Title if Obligor is an Entity | | | |
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| | | |
Address of Obligor | | | |
9
EXHIBIT "A"
MEMBER SIGNATURE PAGE
ADDENDA TO THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC
The undersigned does hereby represent and warrant that the undersigned, as a condition to becoming a Member in Advanced BioEnergy, LLC, has received a copy of the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated June 30, 2005, and, if applicable, all amendments and modifications thereto, and does hereby agree that the undersigned, along with the other parties to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, shall be subject to and comply with all terms and conditions of said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement in all respects as if the undersigned had executed said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement on the original date thereof and that the undersigned is and shall be bound by all of the provisions of said Amended and Restated Operating Agreement from and after the date of execution hereof.
Individuals: | | Entities: |
Name of Individual Member (Please Print) | |
Name of Entity (Please Print) |
Signature of Individual | |
Print Name and Title of Officer |
Name of Joint Individual Member (Please Print) | |
Signature of Officer |
Signature of Joint Individual Member | | |
Agreed and Accepted on Behalf of the Company and its Members: | | |
ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC | | |
MINIMUM 3,366,250 UNITS
MAXIMUM 6,732,500 UNITS

PROSPECTUS
November 10, 2005
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, units only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common shares.
No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of the units or possession or distribution of this prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions as to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus applicable to that jurisdiction.
Through and including February 8, 2006 (the 90th day after the effective date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPROSPECTUS SUMMARYRISK FACTORSFORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTSDETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICEDILUTIONCAPITALIZATIONDISTRIBUTION POLICYSELECTED FINANCIAL DATAMANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATIONESTIMATED SOURCES OF FUNDSESTIMATED USE OF PROCEEDSDESCRIPTION OF BUSINESSDIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONSSECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENTUNITS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY DIRECTORS AND OFFICERSEXECUTIVE COMPENSATIONINDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIESCERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONSPLAN OF DISTRIBUTIONDESCRIPTION OF MEMBERSHIP UNITSSUMMARY OF OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENTFEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING OUR UNITSLEGAL MATTERSEXPERTSTRANSFER AGENTADDITIONAL INFORMATIONINDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTSADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) BALANCE SHEET March 31, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception) to March 31, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception) to March 31, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception) to March 31, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS March 31, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited) June 30, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) Three Months Ended June 30, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) Period from January 4, 2005 (Date of Inception) to June 30, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) Three Months Ended June 30, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC (A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY) NOTES TO UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the period ended June 30, 2005CERTIFICATE OF FORMATION OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLCEXHIBIT BAMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC Dated Effective June 30, 2005ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLC AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTSAMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLCEXHIBIT "A" Membership ListEXHIBIT "B" Initial Board of DirectorsEXHIBIT "C" MEMBER SIGNATURE PAGE ADDENDA TO THE AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF ADVANCED BIOENERGY, LLCPROMISSORY NOTE AND SECURITY AGREEMENTMINIMUM 3,366,250 UNITS MAXIMUM 6,732,500 UNITSPROSPECTUS November 10, 2005