Derivative Financial Instruments | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | ' |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure | ' |
Derivative Financial Instruments |
Mark to Market |
Commodity Derivatives. Alon selectively utilizes commodity derivatives to manage its exposure to commodity price fluctuations and uses crude oil and refined product commodity derivative contracts to reduce risk associated with potential price changes on committed obligations. Alon does not speculate using derivative instruments. Credit risk on Alon’s derivative instruments is substantially mitigated by transacting with counterparties meeting established collateral and credit criteria. |
Fair Value Hedges |
Fair value hedges are used to hedge price volatility in certain refining inventories and firm commitments to purchase inventories. The level of activity for fair value hedges is based on the level of operating inventories. The gain or loss on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as fair value hedges, as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, is recognized currently in earnings in the same period. |
As of September 30, 2013, Alon has accounted for certain commodity contracts as fair value hedges with contract purchase volumes of 1,323 thousand barrels of crude oil with remaining contract terms through May 2019. |
Cash Flow Hedges |
To designate a derivative as a cash flow hedge, Alon documents at the inception of the hedge the assessment that the derivative will be highly effective in offsetting expected changes in cash flows from the item hedged. This assessment, which is updated at least quarterly, is generally based on the most recent relevant historical correlation between the derivative and the item hedged. If, during the term of the derivative, the hedge is determined to be no longer highly effective, hedge accounting is prospectively discontinued and any remaining unrealized gains or losses, based on the effective portion of the derivative at that date, are reclassified to earnings when the underlying transactions occur. |
Commodity Derivatives. As of September 30, 2013, Alon has accounted for certain commodity swap contracts as cash flow hedges with contract purchase volumes of 7,200 thousand barrels of crude oil and net contract sales volumes of 7,200 thousand barrels of refined products with the longest remaining contract term of fifteen months. Related to these transactions in Other Comprehensive Income ("OCI"), Alon recognized unrealized gains (losses) of $(4,131) and $(21,032) for the three months ended and $7,625 and $(37,879) for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. There were no amounts reclassified from OCI into cost of sales as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedge accounting. |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, there was no hedge ineffectiveness recognized in income. No component of the derivative instruments’ gains or losses was excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. |
Interest Rate Derivatives. Alon selectively utilizes interest rate related derivative instruments to manage its exposure to floating-rate debt instruments. Alon periodically uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its floating to fixed rate position by converting certain floating-rate debt to fixed-rate debt. As of September 30, 2013, Alon did not have any outstanding interest rate swap agreements. |
Alon recognized in OCI unrealized gains of $1,028 and $2,853 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, for the fair value measurement of the interest rate swap agreements. |
The following table presents the effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of financial position: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Asset Derivatives | | Liability Derivatives | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance Sheet | | | | Balance Sheet | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Location | | Fair Value | | Location | | Fair Value | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (futures and forwards) | Accounts receivable | | $ | 4,830 | | | Accrued liabilities | | $ | (4,749 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | | $ | 4,830 | | | | | $ | (4,749 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | Accounts receivable | | $ | 10,593 | | | Other non-current liabilities | | $ | (1,454 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value hedges | | | — | | | Other non-current liabilities | | (11,466 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | | 10,593 | | | | | (12,920 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | | $ | 15,423 | | | | | $ | (17,669 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Asset Derivatives | | Liability Derivatives | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance Sheet | | | | Balance Sheet | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Location | | Fair Value | | Location | | Fair Value | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (futures and forwards) | Accounts receivable | | $ | 2,743 | | | Accrued liabilities | | $ | (671 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | | $ | 2,743 | | | | | $ | (671 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | Accounts receivable | | $ | 2,287 | | | Accrued liabilities | | $ | (773 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value hedges | | | — | | | Other non-current liabilities | | (1,720 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | | 2,287 | | | | | (2,493 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | | $ | 5,030 | | | | | $ | (3,164 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
The following tables present the effect of derivative instruments on Alon’s consolidated statements of operations and accumulated other comprehensive income: |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | | Gain (Loss) Recognized | | Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) | | Gain (Loss) Reclassified | | | | | | | |
in OCI | from Accumulated OCI into | | | | | | | |
| Income (Ineffective | | | | | | | |
| Portion and Amount | | | | | | | |
| Excluded from | | | | | | | |
| Effectiveness Testing) | | | | | | | |
| | | | Location | | Amount | | Location | | Amount | | | | | | | |
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | | $ | (4,131 | ) | | Cost of sales | | $ | 11,339 | | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | $ | (4,131 | ) | | | | $ | 11,339 | | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | | $ | (21,032 | ) | | Cost of sales | | $ | (28,029 | ) | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Interest rate swap | | 1,028 | | | Interest expense | | (1,014 | ) | | | | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | $ | (20,004 | ) | | | | $ | (29,043 | ) | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | | Gain (Loss) Recognized | | Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) | | Gain (Loss) Reclassified | | | | | | | |
in OCI | from Accumulated OCI into | | | | | | | |
| Income (Ineffective | | | | | | | |
| Portion and Amount | | | | | | | |
| Excluded from | | | | | | | |
| Effectiveness Testing) | | | | | | | |
| | | | Location | | Amount | | Location | | Amount | | | | | | | |
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | | $ | 7,625 | | | Cost of sales | | $ | 21,333 | | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | $ | 7,625 | | | | | $ | 21,333 | | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | | $ | (37,879 | ) | | Cost of sales | | $ | (50,381 | ) | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Interest rate swap | | 2,853 | | | Interest expense | | (3,023 | ) | | | | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | $ | (35,026 | ) | | | | $ | (53,404 | ) | | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
|
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships: |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income | | | | | | |
| | | For the Three Months Ended | | For the Nine Months Ended | | | | | | |
| | | September 30, | | September 30, | | | | | | |
| Location | | 2013 | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | | | | | |
Fair value hedges | Cost of sales | | $ | (7,888 | ) | | $ | (2,351 | ) | | $ | (9,746 | ) | | $ | (2,351 | ) | | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | | $ | (7,888 | ) | | $ | (2,351 | ) | | $ | (9,746 | ) | | $ | (2,351 | ) | | | | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income | | | | | | |
| | | For the Three Months Ended | | For the Nine Months Ended | | | | | | |
| | | September 30, | | September 30, | | | | | | |
| Location | | 2013 | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | | | | | |
Commodity contracts (futures & forwards) | Cost of sales | | $ | (1,757 | ) | | $ | 11,294 | | | $ | 8,762 | | | $ | 26,869 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | Cost of sales | | — | | | (5,810 | ) | | — | | | (18,016 | ) | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Commodity contracts (swaps) | Unrealized losses on commodity swaps | | — | | | (5,017 | ) | | — | | | (37,458 | ) | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Commodity contracts (call options) | Other income (loss), net | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (7,297 | ) | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total derivatives | | | $ | (1,757 | ) | | $ | 467 | | | $ | 8,762 | | | $ | (35,902 | ) | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities |
Alon's derivative financial instruments are subject to master netting arrangements to manage counterparty credit risk associated with derivatives, however, Alon does not offset on its consolidated balance sheets the fair value amounts recorded for derivative instruments under these agreements. |
The following table presents offsetting information regarding Alon's derivatives by type of transaction as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012: |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities) | | Gross Amounts offset in the Statement of Financial Position | | Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) Presented in the Statement of Financial Position | | Gross Amounts Not offset in the Statement of Financial Position | | Net Amount |
| | | Financial Instruments | | Cash Collateral Pledged | |
As of September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity Derivative Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Futures & forwards | $ | 4,830 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,830 | | | $ | (4,749 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 81 | |
|
Swaps | 10,593 | | | — | | | 10,593 | | | — | | | — | | | 10,593 | |
|
Commodity Derivative Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Futures & forwards | $ | (4,749 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | (4,749 | ) | | $ | 4,749 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
|
Swaps | (1,454 | ) | | — | | | (1,454 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (1,454 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2012 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commodity Derivative Assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Futures & forwards | $ | 2,743 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,743 | | | $ | (671 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,072 | |
|
Swaps | 2,287 | | | — | | | 2,287 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,287 | |
|
Commodity Derivative Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Futures & forwards | $ | (671 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | (671 | ) | | $ | 671 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
|
Swaps | (773 | ) | | — | | | (773 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (773 | ) |
|
Compliance Program Price Risk |
Alon is exposed to market risk related to the volatility in the price of credits needed to comply with various governmental and regulatory programs. The most significant programs impacting operations are those that require Alon to blend biofuels into the products produced. Alon is obligated to blend biofuels into the products produced at a rate that is at least equal to the required annual quotas. To the degree Alon is unable to blend at the applicable rate, biofuel credits (primarily RINs) must be purchased to cover this deficit. Alon is exposed to the volatility in the market price of these credits, and Alon manages that risk by purchasing biofuel credits when prices are deemed favorable utilizing fixed price purchase contracts. Some of these contracts are derivative instruments; however, Alon elects the normal purchase and sale exception and does not record these contracts at their fair values. |
The cost of meeting Alon's obligations under these compliance programs was $1,178 and $9,194 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. These amounts are reflected in cost of sales. |