Document and Entity Information
Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Billions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Jan. 28, 2019 | Jun. 29, 2018 | |
Entity Information | |||
Document Type | 10-K | ||
Amendment Flag | false | ||
Entity Emerging Growth Company | false | ||
Entity Small Business | false | ||
Entity Shell Company | false | ||
Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2018 | ||
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2,018 | ||
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
Trading Symbol | FB | ||
Entity Registrant Name | FACEBOOK INC | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 1,326,801 | ||
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | ||
Entity Filer Category | Large Accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Public Float | $ 486 | ||
Well-known Seasoned Issuer | Yes | ||
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
Class A Common Stock | |||
Entity Information | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 2,385,533,940 | ||
Class B Common Stock | |||
Entity Information | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 468,455,860 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Current assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 10,019 | $ 8,079 |
Marketable securities | 31,095 | 33,632 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $229 and $189 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively | 7,587 | 5,832 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,779 | 1,020 |
Total current assets | 50,480 | 48,563 |
Property and equipment, net | 24,683 | 13,721 |
Intangible assets, net | 1,294 | 1,884 |
Goodwill | 18,301 | 18,221 |
Other assets | 2,576 | 2,135 |
Total assets | 97,334 | 84,524 |
Current liabilities: | ||
Accounts payable | 820 | 380 |
Partners payable | 541 | 390 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 5,509 | 2,892 |
Deferred revenue and deposits | 147 | 98 |
Total current liabilities | 7,017 | 3,760 |
Other liabilities | 6,190 | 6,417 |
Total liabilities | 13,207 | 10,177 |
Commitments and contingencies | ||
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Common stock, $0.000006 par value; 5,000 million Class A shares authorized, 2,385 million and 2,397 million shares issued and outstanding, as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively; 4,141 million Class B shares authorized, 469 million and 509 million shares issued and outstanding, as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. | 0 | 0 |
Additional paid-in capital | 42,906 | 40,584 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (760) | (227) |
Retained earnings | 41,981 | 33,990 |
Total stockholders' equity | 84,127 | 74,347 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ 97,334 | $ 84,524 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Current assets: | ||
Accounts receivable, allowances for doubtful accounts | $ 229 | $ 189 |
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.000006 | $ 0.000006 |
Class A Common Stock | ||
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.000006 | |
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 5,000,000,000 | 5,000,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares) | 2,385,000,000 | 2,397,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, outstanding (in shares) | 2,385,000,000 | 2,397,000,000 |
Class B Common Stock | ||
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.000006 | |
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 4,141,000,000 | 4,141,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares) | 469,000,000 | 509,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, outstanding (in shares) | 469,000,000 | 509,000,000 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Revenue | $ 55,838 | $ 40,653 | $ 27,638 |
Costs and expenses: | |||
Cost of revenue | 9,355 | 5,454 | 3,789 |
Research and development | 10,273 | 7,754 | 5,919 |
Marketing and sales | 7,846 | 4,725 | 3,772 |
General and administrative | 3,451 | 2,517 | 1,731 |
Total costs and expenses | 30,925 | 20,450 | 15,211 |
Income from operations | 24,913 | 20,203 | 12,427 |
Interest and other income (expense), net | 448 | 391 | 91 |
Income before provision for income taxes | 25,361 | 20,594 | 12,518 |
Provision for income taxes | 3,249 | 4,660 | 2,301 |
Net income | 22,112 | 15,934 | 10,217 |
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities | 1 | 14 | 29 |
Net income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders | $ 22,111 | $ 15,920 | $ 10,188 |
Earnings per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders: | |||
Basic (in dollars per share) | $ 7.65 | $ 5.49 | $ 3.56 |
Diluted (in dollars per share) | $ 7.57 | $ 5.39 | $ 3.49 |
Weighted average shares used to compute earnings per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders: | |||
Basic (in shares) | 2,890 | 2,901 | 2,863 |
Diluted (in shares) | 2,921 | 2,956 | 2,925 |
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses: | |||
Share-based compensation expense | $ 4,152 | $ 3,723 | $ 3,218 |
Cost of revenue | |||
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses: | |||
Share-based compensation expense | 284 | 178 | 113 |
Research and development | |||
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses: | |||
Share-based compensation expense | 3,022 | 2,820 | 2,494 |
Marketing and sales | |||
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses: | |||
Share-based compensation expense | 511 | 436 | 368 |
General and administrative | |||
Share-based compensation expense included in costs and expenses: | |||
Share-based compensation expense | $ 335 | $ 289 | $ 243 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | |||
Net income | $ 22,112 | $ 15,934 | $ 10,217 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax | (450) | 566 | (152) |
Change in unrealized gain/loss on available-for-sale investments and other, net of tax | (52) | (90) | (96) |
Comprehensive income | $ 21,610 | $ 16,410 | $ 9,969 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions | Total | Class A and Class B Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Impact of the adoption of new accounting pronouncement | $ 1,705 | $ 39 | $ 1,666 | ||
Common stock, shares outstanding beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015 | 2,845 | ||||
Total stockholders' equity, beginning at Dec. 31, 2015 | 44,218 | $ 0 | 34,886 | $ (455) | 9,787 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, shares | 3 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, value | 16 | 16 | |||
Issuance of common stock related to acquisitions, shares | 1 | ||||
Issuance of common stock related to acquisitions, value | 74 | 74 | |||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs, shares | 43 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs. value | 0 | ||||
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, value | (6) | (6) | |||
Share-based compensation, related to employee share-based awards | 3,218 | 3,218 | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (248) | (248) | |||
Net income | 10,217 | 10,217 | |||
Common stock, shares outstanding ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016 | 2,892 | ||||
Total stockholders' equity, ending at Dec. 31, 2016 | 59,194 | $ 0 | 38,227 | (703) | 21,670 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, shares | 3 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, value | 13 | 13 | |||
Issuance of common stock related to acquisitions, shares | 2 | ||||
Issuance of common stock related to acquisitions, value | 323 | 323 | |||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs, shares | 43 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs. value | 0 | ||||
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, shares | (21) | ||||
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, value | (3,246) | (1,702) | (1,544) | ||
Share-based compensation, related to employee share-based awards | 3,723 | 3,723 | |||
Share repurchases, shares | (13) | ||||
Share repurchases, value | (2,070) | (2,070) | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 476 | 476 | |||
Net income | 15,934 | 15,934 | |||
Common stock, shares outstanding ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017 | 2,906 | ||||
Total stockholders' equity, ending at Dec. 31, 2017 | 74,347 | $ 0 | 40,584 | (227) | 33,990 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Impact of the adoption of new accounting pronouncements | 141 | (31) | 172 | ||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, shares | 2 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, value | 15 | 15 | |||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs, shares | 44 | ||||
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs. value | 0 | ||||
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, shares | (19) | ||||
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, value | (3,208) | (1,845) | (1,363) | ||
Share-based compensation, related to employee share-based awards | 4,152 | 4,152 | |||
Share repurchases, shares | (79) | ||||
Share repurchases, value | (12,930) | (12,930) | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (502) | (502) | |||
Net income | 22,112 | 22,112 | |||
Common stock, shares outstanding ending (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018 | 2,854 | ||||
Total stockholders' equity, ending at Dec. 31, 2018 | $ 84,127 | $ 0 | $ 42,906 | $ (760) | $ 41,981 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Cash flows from operating activities | |||
Net income | $ 22,112 | $ 15,934 | $ 10,217 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,315 | 3,025 | 2,342 |
Share-based compensation | 4,152 | 3,723 | 3,218 |
Deferred income taxes | 286 | (377) | (457) |
Other | (64) | 24 | 30 |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||
Accounts receivable | (1,892) | (1,609) | (1,489) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (690) | (192) | (159) |
Other assets | (159) | 154 | 14 |
Accounts payable | 221 | 43 | 14 |
Partners payable | 157 | 95 | 67 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 1,417 | 309 | 1,014 |
Deferred revenue and deposits | 53 | 4 | 35 |
Other liabilities | (634) | 3,083 | 1,262 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 29,274 | 24,216 | 16,108 |
Cash flows from investing activities | |||
Purchases of property and equipment, net | (13,915) | (6,733) | (4,491) |
Purchases of marketable securities | (14,656) | (25,682) | (22,341) |
Sales of marketable securities | 12,358 | 9,444 | 13,894 |
Maturities of marketable securities | 4,772 | 2,988 | 1,261 |
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired, and purchases of intangible assets | (137) | (122) | (123) |
Other investing activities, net | (25) | (13) | 8 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (11,603) | (20,118) | (11,792) |
Cash flows from financing activities | |||
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | (3,208) | (3,246) | (6) |
Principal payments on capital lease and other financing obligations | 0 | 0 | (312) |
Repurchases of Class A common stock | (12,879) | (1,976) | 0 |
Net change in overdraft in cash pooling entities | 500 | 0 | 0 |
Other financing activities, net | 15 | (13) | 8 |
Net cash used in financing activities | (15,572) | (5,235) | (310) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | (179) | 232 | (63) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 1,920 | (905) | 3,943 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of the period | 8,204 | 9,109 | 5,166 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period | 10,124 | 8,204 | 9,109 |
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the consolidated balance sheets | |||
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 8,204 | 9,109 | 5,166 |
Cash paid during the period for: | |||
Interest | 1 | 0 | 11 |
Income taxes, net | 3,762 | 2,117 | 1,210 |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||
Net change in prepaids and liabilities related to property and equipment additions | 918 | 495 | 136 |
Settlement of acquisition-related contingent consideration liability | 0 | 102 | 33 |
Change in unsettled repurchases of Class A common stock | $ 51 | $ 94 | $ 0 |
Summary of Significant Accounti
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Description of Business Facebook was incorporated in Delaware in July 2004. Our mission is to give people the power to build community and bring the world closer together. We generate substantially all of our revenue from advertising. Basis of Presentation We prepared the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Facebook, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Use of Estimates Conformity with GAAP requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates form the basis for judgments we make about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, which are not readily apparent from other sources. We base our estimates and judgments on historical information and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments in several areas, including, but not limited to, those related to income taxes, loss contingencies, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, collectability of accounts receivable, fair value of financial instruments, leases, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, and revenue recognition. These estimates are based on management's knowledge about current events and expectations about actions we may undertake in the future. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Revenue Recognition On January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 605, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) , using the modified retrospective transition method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 605. The impact of adopting the new revenue standard was not material to our condensed consolidated financial statements and there was no adjustment to beginning retained earnings on January 1, 2018. Under Topic 606, revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We determine revenue recognition through the following steps: • identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; • identification of the performance obligations in the contract; • determination of the transaction price; • allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and • recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation. Revenue excludes sales and usage-based taxes where it has been determined that we are acting as a pass-through agent. Revenue disaggregated by revenue source for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 consists of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 (1) 2016 (1) Advertising $ 55,013 $ 39,942 $ 26,885 Payments and other fees 825 711 753 Total revenue $ 55,838 $ 40,653 $ 27,638 (1) As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method. Revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the billing address of our customer, consists of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 (1) 2016 (1) Revenue: US & Canada (2) $ 25,727 $ 19,065 $ 13,432 Europe (3) 13,631 10,126 6,792 Asia-Pacific 11,733 7,921 5,037 Rest of World (3) 4,747 3,541 2,377 Total revenue $ 55,838 $ 40,653 $ 27,638 (1) As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method. (2) United States revenue was $24.10 billion , $17.73 billion , and $12.58 billion for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 . (3) Europe includes Russia and Turkey, and Rest of World includes Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. Advertising Advertising revenue is generated by displaying ad products on Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and third-party affiliated websites or mobile applications. Marketers pay for ad products either directly or through their relationships with advertising agencies or resellers, based on the number of impressions delivered or the number of actions, such as clicks, taken by our users. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We recognize revenue from the display of impression-based ads in the contracted period in which the impressions are delivered. Impressions are considered delivered when an ad is displayed to users. We recognize revenue from the delivery of action-based ads in the period in which a user takes the action the marketer contracted for. For advertising revenue arrangements where we are not the principal, we recognize revenue on a net basis. We may accept a lower consideration than the amount promised per the contract for certain revenue transactions and certain customers may receive cash-based incentives or credits, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. We believe that there will not be significant changes to our estimates of variable consideration. Payments and Other Fees Payments revenue is comprised of the net fee we receive from developers using our Payments infrastructure. Other fees revenue consists primarily of revenue from the delivery of consumer hardware devices, as well as revenue from various other sources. Deferred Revenue and Deposits Deferred revenue consists of billings and payments from marketers in advance of revenue recognition. Deposits relate to unused balances held on behalf of our users who primarily use these balances to make purchases in games on our platform. Once this balance is utilized by a user, approximately 70% of this amount would then be payable to the developer and the balance would be recognized as revenue. The increase in the deferred revenue balance for the year ended December 31, 2018 was driven by prepayments from marketers, partially offset by revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period. Our payment terms vary by the products or services offered. The term between billings and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, we require payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer. Deferred revenue and deposits consists of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred revenue $ 117 $ 68 Deposits 30 30 Total deferred revenue and deposits $ 147 $ 98 Practical Expedients and Exemptions We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within marketing and sales on our consolidated statements of income. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. Cost of Revenue Our cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses associated with the delivery and distribution of our products. These include expenses related to the operation of our data centers, such as facility and server equipment depreciation, salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for employees on our operations teams, and energy and bandwidth costs. Cost of revenue also includes costs associated with partner arrangements, including traffic acquisition and content acquisition costs, credit card and other transaction fees related to processing customer transactions, and cost of consumer hardware device inventory sold. Content acquisition costs We license and pay to produce content in order to increase engagement on the platform. For licensed content, we capitalize the fee per title and record a corresponding liability at the gross amount of the liability when the license period begins, the cost of the title is known and the title is accepted and available for viewing. The amounts capitalized are limited to estimated net realizable value or fair value on a per title basis. The portion available for viewing within one year is recognized as prepaid expenses and other current assets and the remaining portion as other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. For original content, we capitalize costs associated with the production, including development costs and direct costs, if those amounts are recoverable. Capitalized original content costs are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalized costs are amortized in cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of income based on historical and estimated viewing patterns. Capitalized content costs are reviewed when an event or change in circumstances indicates a change in the expected usefulness of the content or that the fair value may be less than amortized cost. If such changes are identified, capitalized content assets will be stated at the lower of unamortized cost, net realizable value or fair value. In addition, unamortized costs for assets that have been, or are expected to be, abandoned are written off. Capitalized content acquisition costs have not been material to date. Income Taxes We record provision for income taxes for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Under this method, we recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We recognize the deferred income tax effects of a change in tax rates in the period of the enactment. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. These uncertain tax positions include our estimates for transfer pricing that have been developed based upon analyses of appropriate arms-length prices. Similarly, our estimates related to uncertain tax positions concerning research tax credits are based on an assessment of whether our available documentation corroborating the nature of our activities supporting the tax credits will be sufficient. Although we believe that we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions (including net interest and penalties), we can provide no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be materially different. We make adjustments to these reserves when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. On December 22, 2017, the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act) was enacted into law and the new legislation contains several key tax provisions that affected us, including a one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings and a reduction of the corporate income tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018, among others. We are required to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as determining the transition tax, re-measuring our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities as well as reassessing the net realizability of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (SAB 118), which allowed us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As a result, we previously provided a provisional estimate of the effect of the Tax Act in our financial statements. In the fourth quarter of 2018, we completed our analysis to determine the effect of the Tax Act and recorded immaterial adjustments as of December 31, 2018. See Note 12 in these notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. Advertising Expense Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and are included in marketing and sales expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. We incurred advertising expenses of $1.10 billion , $324 million , and $310 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively. Cash and Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities, and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of cash on deposit with banks and investments in money market funds with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase. We hold investments in marketable securities, consisting of U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities . We classify our marketable securities as available-for-sale investments in our current assets because they represent investments of cash available for current operations. Our available-for-sale investments are carried at estimated fair value with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders' equity. Unrealized losses are charged against interest and other income (expense), net when a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary. We have not recorded any such impairment charge in the periods presented. We determine realized gains or losses on sale of marketable securities on a specific identification method, and record such gains or losses as interest and other income (expense), net. We also maintain a multi-currency notional cash pool for our participating entities with a third-party bank provider. Actual cash balances are not physically converted and are not commingled between participating legal entities. As part of the notional cash pool agreement, the bank extends overdraft credit to our participating entities as needed, provided that the overall notionally pooled balance of all accounts in the pool at the end of each day is at least zero. We classify these overdraft balances within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We classify certain restricted cash balances within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets based upon the term of the remaining restrictions. Fair Value of Financial Instruments We apply fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: Level 1 -Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 -Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 -Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management's estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Our valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of money market funds and marketable debt securities were derived from quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. Accounts Receivable and Allowances Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amounts. We make estimates for the allowance for doubtful accounts and allowance for unbilled receivables based upon our assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of our customers, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. Property and Equipment Property and equipment, which includes amounts recorded under capital leases, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are described below: Property and Equipment Useful Life Network equipment Three to 25 years Buildings Three to 30 years Computer software, office equipment and other Two to five years Leased equipment and leasehold improvements Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term Land and assets held within construction in progress are not depreciated. Construction in progress is related to the construction or development of property and equipment that have not yet been placed in service for their intended use. The cost of maintenance and repairs is expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from their respective accounts, and any gain or loss on such sale or disposal is reflected in income from operations. Lease Obligations We enter into lease arrangements for office space, land, facilities, data centers, and equipment under non-cancelable capital and operating leases. Certain of the operating lease agreements contain rent holidays, rent escalation provisions, and purchase options. Rent holidays and rent escalation provisions are considered in determining the straight-line rent expense to be recorded over the lease term. The lease term begins on the date of initial possession of the leased property for purposes of recognizing lease expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. We do not assume renewals in our determination of the lease term unless the renewals are deemed to be reasonably assured at lease inception. We record assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred by third parties under build-to-suit lease arrangements to the extent that we are involved in the construction of structural improvements or bear construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. As of December 31, 2018, we completed our build-to-suit lease arrangements and properly derecognized the associated assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Loss Contingencies We are involved in legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax or government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the possible loss in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. We review the developments in our contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that has been previously recorded, and the matters and related possible losses disclosed. We make adjustments to our provisions and changes to our disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount. Business Combinations We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired users, acquired technology, and trade names from a market participant perspective, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is not to exceed one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. Long-Lived Assets, Including Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets We evaluate the recoverability of property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Recoverability of these assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of property and equipment and intangible assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value. We have not recorded any significant impairment charges during the years presented. We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our single reporting unit below its carrying value. As of December 31, 2018 , no impairment of goodwill has been identified. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. We routinely review the remaining estimated useful lives of property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets. If we reduce the estimated useful life assumption for any asset, the remaining unamortized balance is amortized or depreciated over the revised estimated useful life. Foreign Currency Generally, the functional currency of our international subsidiaries is the local currency. We translate the financial statements of these subsidiaries to U.S. dollars using month-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for revenue, costs, and expenses. Translation gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as a component of stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , we had a cumulative translation loss, net of tax of $466 million and $16 million , respectively. Net losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions were $213 million , $6 million , and $76 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively. These losses were recorded as interest and other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income. Credit Risk and Concentration Our financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. The majority of cash equivalents consists of short-term money market funds, which are managed by reputable financial institutions. Marketable securities consist of investments in U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities . Our investment policy limits investment instruments to U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities with the main objective of preserving capital and maintaining liquidity. Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers across different industries and countries. We generated 43% , 44% , and 46% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively, from marketers and developers based in the United States, with the majority of revenue outside of the United States coming from customers located in western Europe, China, Canada, Australia, and Brazil. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, and generally do not require collateral. We maintain an allowance for estimated credit losses. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , our bad debt expenses were $77 million , $48 million , and $66 million , respectively. In the event that accounts receivable collection cycles deteriorate, our operating results and financial position could be adversely affected. No customer represented 10% or more of total revenue during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 . Segments Our chief operating decision-maker is our Chief Executive Officer who makes resource allocation decisions and assesses performance based on financial information presented on a consolidated basis. There are no segment managers who are held accountable by the chief operating decision-maker, or anyone else, for operations, operating results, and planning for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Accordingly, we have determined that we have a single reportable segment and operating segment structure. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Topic 606, which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605. We adopted Topic 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. See Revenue Recognition above for further details. In October 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-16, Income Taxes ( Topic 740 ): Intra-Entity Transfers Other than Inventory (ASU 2016-16), which requires companies to recognize the income-tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs, rather than when the asset has been sold to an outside party. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the effective date, which was not material to our consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows ( Topic 230 ): Restricted Cash (ASU 2016-18), which requires companies to include amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in cash and cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the retrospective transition approach. The reclassified restricted cash balances from investing activities to changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the consolidated statements of cash flows were not material for all periods presented. In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) : Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASU 2017-01), which revises the definition of a business and provides new guidance in evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis. The new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02), which allows companies to reclassify stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The new standard is effective for us beginning January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We elected to early adopt the new standard at the beginning of the third quarter of 2018 using the aggregate portfolio approach. The amount of stranded tax effects that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings was not material. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02), as amended, which generally requires lessees to recognize operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. We will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and will not restate comparative periods. We will elect the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allows us to carryforward our historical lease classification, our assessment on whether a contract is or contains a lease, and our initial direct costs for any leases that exist prior to adoption of the new standard. We will also elect to combine lease and non-lease components and to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We estimate approximately $6 billion would be recognized as total right-of-use assets and total lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. Other than disclosed, we do not expect the new standard to have a material impact on our remaining consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04), which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective for us i |
Earnings per Share
Earnings per Share | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Earnings per Share | Earnings per Share We compute earnings per share (EPS) of Class A and Class B common stock using the two-class method required for participating securities. We consider restricted stock awards to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event of our declaration of a dividend for common shares. Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities are subtracted from net income in determining net income attributable to common stockholders. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of our Class A and Class B common stock outstanding, adjusted for outstanding shares that are subject to repurchase. For the calculation of diluted EPS, net income attributable to common stockholders for basic EPS is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities, such as awards under our equity compensation plans and inducement awards under separate non-plan restricted stock unit (RSU) award agreements. In addition, the computation of the diluted EPS of Class A common stock assumes the conversion of our Class B common stock to Class A common stock, while the diluted EPS of Class B common stock does not assume the conversion of those shares to Class A common stock. Diluted EPS attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the resulting net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of fully diluted common shares outstanding. RSUs with anti-dilutive effect were excluded from the EPS calculation and they were not material for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively. Basic and diluted EPS are the same for each class of common stock because they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights. The numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations for our common stock are calculated as follows (in millions, except per share amounts): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Class A Class B Class A Class B Class A Class B Basic EPS: Numerator Net income $ 18,411 $ 3,701 $ 13,034 $ 2,900 $ 8,270 $ 1,947 Less: Net income attributable to participating securities 1 — 12 2 24 5 Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 18,410 $ 3,701 $ 13,022 $ 2,898 $ 8,246 $ 1,942 Denominator Weighted average shares outstanding 2,406 484 2,375 528 2,323 548 Less: Shares subject to repurchase — — 2 — 6 2 Number of shares used for basic EPS computation 2,406 484 2,373 528 2,317 546 Basic EPS $ 7.65 $ 7.65 $ 5.49 $ 5.49 $ 3.56 $ 3.56 Diluted EPS: Numerator Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 18,410 $ 3,701 $ 13,022 $ 2,898 $ 8,246 $ 1,942 Reallocation of net income attributable to participating securities 1 — 14 — 29 — Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 3,701 — 2,898 — 1,942 — Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock — (16 ) — (13 ) — 14 Net income attributable to common stockholders for diluted EPS $ 22,112 $ 3,685 $ 15,934 $ 2,885 $ 10,217 $ 1,956 Denominator Number of shares used for basic EPS computation 2,406 484 2,373 528 2,317 546 Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 484 — 528 — 546 — Weighted average effect of dilutive securities: Employee stock options 2 2 4 4 6 6 RSUs 29 1 49 3 49 5 Shares subject to repurchase and other — — 2 — 7 3 Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation 2,921 487 2,956 535 2,925 560 Diluted EPS $ 7.57 $ 7.57 $ 5.39 $ 5.39 $ 3.49 $ 3.49 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities [Abstract] | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities | Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 2,713 $ 2,212 Money market funds 6,792 5,268 U.S. government securities 90 66 U.S. government agency securities 54 25 Certificate of deposits and time deposits 369 440 Corporate debt securities 1 68 Total cash and cash equivalents 10,019 8,079 Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 13,836 12,766 U.S. government agency securities 8,333 10,944 Corporate debt securities 8,926 9,922 Total marketable securities 31,095 33,632 Total cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities $ 41,114 $ 41,711 The gross unrealized losses on our marketable securities were $357 million and $289 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The gross unrealized gains for both periods were not significant. In addition, gross unrealized losses that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were $332 million and $169 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. As of December 31, 2018 , we considered the decreases in market value on our marketable securities to be temporary in nature and did not consider any of our investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired. The following table classifies our marketable securities by contractual maturities (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Due in one year $ 9,746 $ 7,976 Due after one year to five years 21,349 25,656 Total $ 31,095 $ 33,632 |
Fair Value Measurement
Fair Value Measurement | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |
Fair Value Measurement | Fair Value Measurement The following table summarizes, for assets or liabilities measured at fair value, the respective fair value and the classification by level of input within the fair value hierarchy (in millions): Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using Description December 31, Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 6,792 $ 6,792 $ — $ — U.S. government securities 90 90 — — U.S. government agency securities 54 54 — — Certificate of deposits and time deposits 369 — 369 — Corporate debt securities 1 — 1 — Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 13,836 13,836 — — U.S. government agency securities 8,333 8,333 — — Corporate debt securities 8,926 — 8,926 — Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 38,401 $ 29,105 $ 9,296 $ — Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using Description December 31, Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 5,268 $ 5,268 $ — $ — U.S. government securities 66 66 — — U.S. government agency securities 25 25 — — Certificate of deposits and time deposits 440 — 440 — Corporate debt securities 68 — 68 — Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 12,766 12,766 — — U.S. government agency securities 10,944 10,944 — — Corporate debt securities 9,922 — 9,922 — Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 39,499 $ 29,069 $ 10,430 $ — We classify our cash equivalents and marketable securities within Level 1 or Level 2 because we use quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs to determine their fair value. |
Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment consists of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Land $ 899 $ 798 Buildings 7,401 4,909 Leasehold improvements 1,841 959 Network equipment 13,017 7,998 Computer software, office equipment and other 1,187 681 Construction in progress 7,228 2,992 Total 31,573 18,337 Less: Accumulated depreciation (6,890 ) (4,616 ) Property and equipment, net $ 24,683 $ 13,721 Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $3.68 billion , $2.33 billion , and $1.59 billion during 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively. Property and equipment as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 includes $1.06 billion and $533 million , respectively, acquired under capital lease agreements, of which a substantial majority, is included in network equipment. Accumulated depreciation of property and equipment acquired under these capital leases was $217 million and $101 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Construction in progress includes costs mostly related to construction of data centers, network equipment infrastructure to support our data centers around the world, and office buildings. The construction of office buildings as of December 31, 2017 included our build-to-suit lease arrangements which were completed and derecognized during 2018. No interest was capitalized during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Intangible Assets During the year ended December 31, 2018 , we purchased certain intangible assets and completed several business acquisitions that were not material to our consolidated financial statements, either individually or in the aggregate. Accordingly, pro forma historical results of operations related to these business acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2018 have not been presented. We have included the financial results of these business acquisitions in our consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition. Goodwill generated from all business acquisitions completed during the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily attributable to expected synergies from future growth and potential monetization opportunities. The amount of goodwill generated during this period that was deductible for tax purposes was not material. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows (in millions): Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 18,122 Goodwill acquired 90 Effect of currency translation adjustment 9 Balance as of December 31, 2017 $ 18,221 Goodwill acquired 88 Effect of currency translation adjustment (8 ) Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 18,301 Intangible assets consist of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Acquired users 2.8 $ 2,056 $ (1,260 ) $ 796 $ 2,056 $ (971 ) $ 1,085 Acquired technology 1.2 1,002 (871 ) 131 972 (711 ) 261 Acquired patents 5.2 805 (565 ) 240 785 (499 ) 286 Trade names 1.4 629 (517 ) 112 629 (406 ) 223 Other 2.4 162 (147 ) 15 162 (133 ) 29 Total intangible assets 2.9 $ 4,654 $ (3,360 ) $ 1,294 $ 4,604 $ (2,720 ) $ 1,884 Amortization expense of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was $640 million , $692 million , and $751 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2018 , expected amortization expense for the unamortized acquired intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in millions): 2019 $ 553 2020 378 2021 273 2022 33 2023 26 Thereafter 31 Total $ 1,294 |
Liabilities
Liabilities | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Abstract] | |
Liabilities | Liabilities The components of accrued expenses and other current liabilities are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Accrued compensation and benefits $ 1,203 $ 790 Accrued property and equipment 1,531 685 Overdraft in cash pooling entities 500 — Accrued taxes 491 340 Other current liabilities 1,784 1,077 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 5,509 $ 2,892 The components of other liabilities are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Income tax payable $ 4,655 $ 5,372 Deferred tax liabilities 673 50 Other liabilities 862 995 Other liabilities $ 6,190 $ 6,417 |
Long-term Debt
Long-term Debt | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Long-term Debt | Long-term Debt In May 2016, we entered into a $2.0 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility, and any amounts outstanding under this facility will be due and payable on May 20, 2021. As of December 31, 2018 , no amounts had been drawn down and we were in compliance with the covenants under this facility. |
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Commitments and Contingencies | Commitments and Contingencies Commitments Leases We have entered into various non-cancelable operating lease agreements for certain of our offices, data centers, land, and colocations with original lease periods expiring between 2019 and 2093 . We are committed to pay a portion of the related actual operating expenses under certain of these lease agreements. Certain of these arrangements have free rent periods or escalating rent payment provisions, and we recognize rent expense under such arrangements on a straight-line basis. The following is a schedule, by years, of the future minimum lease payments required under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2018 (in millions): Operating Leases 2019 $ 698 2020 946 2021 1,055 2022 1,048 2023 1,054 Thereafter 9,850 Total minimum lease payments $ 14,651 Operating lease expense was $629 million , $363 million , and $269 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. We fully repaid all our capital lease obligations during 2016. Guarantee In 2018, we established a multi-currency notional cash pool for certain of our entities with a third-party bank provider. Actual cash balances are not physically converted and are not commingled between participating legal entities. As part of the notional cash pool agreement, the bank extends overdraft credit to our participating entities as needed, provided that the overall notionally pooled balance of all accounts in the pool at the end of each day is at least zero. In the unlikely event of a default by our collective entities participating in the pool, any overdraft balances incurred would be guaranteed by Facebook, Inc. Other contractual commitments We also have $6.17 billion of non-cancelable contractual commitments as of December 31, 2018 , primarily related to network infrastructure and our data center operations. These commitments are primarily due within five years . Contingencies Legal Matters Beginning on March 20, 2018, multiple putative class actions and derivative actions were filed in state and federal courts in the United States and elsewhere against us and certain of our directors and officers alleging violations of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duties, and other causes of action in connection with our platform and user data practices as well as the misuse of certain data by a developer that shared such data with third parties in violation of our terms and policies, and seeking unspecified damages and injunctive relief. Beginning on July 27, 2018, two putative class actions were filed in federal court in the United States against us and certain of our directors and officers alleging violations of securities laws in connection with the disclosure of our earnings results for the second quarter of 2018, and seeking unspecified damages. These two actions subsequently were transferred and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California with the putative securities class action described above relating to our platform and user data practices. We believe these lawsuits are without merit, and we are vigorously defending them. In addition, our platform and user data practices, as well as the events surrounding the misuse of certain data by a developer, became the subject of U.S. Federal Trade Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, state attorneys general, and other government inquiries in the United States, Europe, and other jurisdictions. Beginning on September 28, 2018, multiple putative class actions were filed in state and federal courts in the United States and elsewhere against us alleging violations of consumer protection laws and other causes of action in connection with a third-party cyber-attack that exploited a vulnerability in Facebook’s code to steal user access tokens and access certain profile information from user accounts on Facebook, and seeking unspecified damages and injunctive relief. We believe these lawsuits are without merit, and we are vigorously defending them. In addition, the events surrounding this cyber-attack became the subject of Irish Data Protection Commission, U.S. Federal Trade Commission and other government inquiries in the United States, Europe, and other jurisdictions. In addition, from time to time, we are subject to litigation and other proceedings involving law enforcement and other regulatory agencies, including in particular in Brazil and Europe, in order to ascertain the precise scope of our legal obligations to comply with the requests of those agencies, including our obligation to disclose user information in particular circumstances. A number of such instances have resulted in the assessment of fines and penalties against us. We believe we have multiple legal grounds to satisfy these requests or prevail against associated fines and penalties, and we intend to vigorously defend such fines and penalties. Although we believe that it is reasonably possible that we may incur a substantial loss in some of the cases, actions, or inquiries described above, we are currently unable to estimate the amount of such losses or a range of possible losses. We are also party to various other legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax or government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business. With respect to these matters, we evaluate the developments on a regular basis and accrue a liability when we believe a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We believe that the amount or any estimable range of reasonably possible or probable loss will not, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements. However, the outcome of these matters is inherently uncertain. Therefore, if one or more of these matters were resolved against us for amounts in excess of management's expectations, our results of operations and financial condition, including in a particular reporting period in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable, could be materially adversely affected. For information regarding income tax contingencies, see Note 12—Income Taxes. Indemnifications In the normal course of business, to facilitate transactions of services and products, we have agreed to indemnify certain parties with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to hold certain parties harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants, or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made by third parties. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers, directors, and certain employees, and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by us under these agreements have not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, as of December 31, 2018 , there was not at least a reasonable possibility we had incurred a material loss with respect to indemnification of such parties. We have not recorded any liability for costs related to indemnification through December 31, 2018 . |
Stockholders' Equity
Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Stockholders' Equity | Stockholders' Equity Common Stock Our certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. As of December 31, 2018 , we are authorized to issue 5,000 million shares of Class A common stock and 4,141 million shares of Class B common stock, each with a par value of $0.000006 per share. Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock are entitled to dividends when, as and if, declared by our board of directors, subject to the rights of the holders of all classes of stock outstanding having priority rights to dividends. As of December 31, 2018 , we have not declared any dividends and our credit facility contains restrictions on our ability to pay dividends. The holder of each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote, while the holder of each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes. Shares of our Class B common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares of our Class A common stock and generally convert into shares of our Class A common stock upon transfer. Class A common stock and Class B common stock are referred to as common stock throughout the notes to these financial statements, unless otherwise noted. As of December 31, 2018 , there were 2,385 million shares and 469 million shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock, respectively, issued and outstanding. Share Repurchase Program Our board of directors has authorized a share repurchase program that commenced in 2017 and does not have an expiration date. During the second quarter of 2018, we completed repurchases under the original authorization to purchase up to $6.0 billion of our Class A common stock. In April 2018, the authorization for the repurchase of our Class A common stock was increased by an additional $9.0 billion , and we completed repurchases under this authorization during the fourth quarter of 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , we repurchased and subsequently retired 79 million shares of our Class A common stock for $12.93 billion . In December 2018, our board of directors authorized an additional $9.0 billion of repurchases under this program. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased under this program depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and other investment opportunities, and shares may be repurchased through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. As of December 31, 2018 , $9.0 billion remained available and authorized for repurchases. Share-based Compensation Plans We maintain two share-based employee compensation plans: the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, which was amended in each of June 2016 and February 2018 (Amended 2012 Plan), and the 2005 Stock Plan (collectively, Stock Plans). Our Amended 2012 Plan serves as the successor to our 2005 Stock Plan and provides for the issuance of incentive and nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, performance shares, and stock bonuses to qualified employees, directors and consultants. Outstanding awards under the 2005 Stock Plan continue to be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2005 Stock Plan. Shares that are withheld in connection with the net settlement of RSUs or forfeited under our Stock Plans are added to the reserves of the Amended 2012 Plan. We account for forfeitures as they occur. As of December 31, 2018 , there were 83 million shares reserved for future issuance under our Amended 2012 Plan. The number of shares reserved for issuance under our Amended 2012 Plan increases automatically on January 1 of each of the calendar years during the term of the Amended 2012 Plan, which will continue through April 2026 unless terminated earlier by our board of directors or a committee thereof, by a number of shares of Class A common stock equal to the lesser of (i) 2.5% of the total issued and outstanding shares of our Class A common stock as of the immediately preceding December 31st or (ii) a number of shares determined by our board of directors. Pursuant to this automatic increase provision, our board of directors approved an increase of 60 million shares reserved for issuance effective January 1, 2019. The following table summarizes the activities of stock option awards under the Stock Plans for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Shares Subject to Options Outstanding Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value ( 1) (in thousands) (in years) (in millions) Balance as of December 31, 2017 3,078 $ 10.06 Stock options exercised (1,941 ) $ 7.90 Balances at December 31, 2018 1,137 $ 13.74 1.7 $ 133 Stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2018 1,137 $ 13.74 1.7 $ 133 (1) The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock option awards and the official closing price of our Class A common stock of $131.09 , as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on December 31, 2018 . There were no options granted, forfeited, or canceled for the year ended December 31, 2018 . The aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised in the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was $315 million , $359 million , and $309 million , respectively. The total grant date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was not material. The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Unvested RSUs (1) Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in thousands) Unvested at December 31, 2017 81,214 $ 110.49 Granted 38,283 $ 168.38 Vested (43,396 ) $ 106.59 Forfeited (8,803 ) $ 119.25 Unvested at December 31, 2018 67,298 $ 144.77 (1) Unvested shares at December 31, 2017 included an inducement award issued in connection with the WhatsApp acquisition in 2014, which was subject to the terms, restrictions, and conditions of a separate non-plan RSU award agreement. This inducement award was no longer outstanding as of December 31, 2018. The fair value as of the respective vesting dates of RSUs that vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was $7.57 billion , $6.76 billion , and $4.92 billion , respectively. As of December 31, 2018 , there was $8.96 billion of unrecognized share-based compensation expense, which was related to RSUs. This unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years based on vesting under the award service conditions. |
Interest and other income (expe
Interest and other income (expense), net | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract] | |
Interest and other income (expense), net | Interest and other income (expense), net The following table presents the detail of interest and other income (expense), net, for the periods presented (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Interest income $ 661 $ 398 $ 176 Interest expense (9 ) (6 ) (10 ) Foreign currency exchange losses, net (213 ) (6 ) (76 ) Other 9 5 1 Interest and other income (expense), net $ 448 $ 391 $ 91 |
Income Taxes
Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The components of income before provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 are as follows (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Domestic $ 8,800 $ 7,079 $ 6,368 Foreign 16,561 13,515 6,150 Income before provision for income taxes $ 25,361 $ 20,594 $ 12,518 The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Current: Federal $ 1,747 $ 4,455 $ 2,384 State 176 190 179 Foreign 1,031 389 195 Total current tax expense 2,954 5,034 2,758 Deferred: Federal 316 (296 ) (414 ) State 34 (33 ) (18 ) Foreign (55 ) (45 ) (25 ) Total deferred tax expense/(benefits) 295 (374 ) (457 ) Provision for income taxes $ 3,249 $ 4,660 $ 2,301 A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% to our effective tax rate is as follows (in percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 U.S. federal statutory income tax rate 21.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 % State income taxes, net of federal benefit 0.7 0.6 1.0 Research tax credits (1.0 ) (0.9 ) (0.7 ) Share-based compensation 0.3 0.4 1.0 Excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation (2.6 ) (5.8 ) (7.0 ) Effect of non-U.S. operations (5.9 ) (18.6 ) (12.8 ) Effect of U.S. tax law change (1) — 11.0 — Other 0.3 0.9 1.9 Effective tax rate 12.8 % 22.6 % 18.4 % (1) Due to the Tax Act which was enacted in December 2017, provisional one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings was accrued as of December 31, 2017. In addition, deferred taxes were derecognized for previous estimated tax liabilities that would arise upon repatriation of a portion of these earnings in the foreign jurisdictions. Our deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforward $ 1,825 $ 1,300 Tax credit carryforward 668 509 Share-based compensation 270 385 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 487 381 Other 153 131 Total deferred tax assets 3,403 2,706 Less: valuation allowance (600 ) (438 ) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 2,803 2,268 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization (1,401 ) (622 ) Purchased intangible assets (195 ) (309 ) Deferred taxes on foreign income — (88 ) Total deferred tax liabilities (1,596 ) (1,019 ) Net deferred tax assets $ 1,207 $ 1,249 The Tax Act reduces the U.S. statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% for our tax years beginning in 2018, which resulted in the re-measurement of the federal portion of our deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017 from the 35% to 21% tax rate. The valuation allowance was approximately $600 million and $438 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, mostly related to state tax credits that we do not believe will ultimately be realized. In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (SAB 118), which allowed us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As a result, we previously provided a provisional estimate of the effect of the Tax Act in our financial statements. In the fourth quarter of 2018, we completed our analysis to determine the effect of the Tax Act and recorded immaterial adjustments as of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018 , the U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards were $7.88 billion and $2.22 billion , which will begin to expire in 2033 and 2032 , respectively, if not utilized. We have federal tax credit carryforwards of $290 million , which will begin to expire in 2033 , if not utilized, and state tax credit carryforwards of $1.91 billion , most of which do not expire. Utilization of our net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to substantial annual limitations due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. Such annual limitations could result in the expiration of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards before their utilization. The events that may cause ownership changes include, but are not limited to, a cumulative stock ownership change of greater than 50% over a three -year period. The Tax Act imposes a mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings and generally eliminates US taxes on foreign subsidiary distribution. As a result, earnings in foreign jurisdictions are available for distribution to the U.S. without incremental U.S. taxes. The following table reflects changes in the gross unrecognized tax benefits (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Gross unrecognized tax benefits-beginning of period $ 3,870 $ 3,309 $ 3,017 Increases related to prior year tax positions 457 72 32 Decreases related to prior year tax positions (396 ) (34 ) (36 ) Increases related to current year tax positions 831 536 307 Decreases related to settlements of prior year tax positions (84 ) (13 ) (11 ) Gross unrecognized tax benefits-end of period $ 4,678 $ 3,870 $ 3,309 During all years presented, we recognized interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes on the consolidated statements of income. The amount of interest and penalties accrued as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $340 million and $154 million , respectively. If the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits of $4.68 billion as of December 31, 2018 were realized in a future period, this would result in a tax benefit of $2.94 billion within our provision of income taxes at such time. On July 27, 2015, the United States Tax Court (Tax Court) issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner (Tax Court Opinion), which concluded that related parties in a cost sharing arrangement are not required to share expenses related to share-based compensation. The Tax Court Opinion was appealed by the Commissioner to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (Ninth Circuit). On July 24, 2018, the Ninth Circuit issued an opinion (Ninth Circuit Opinion) that reversed the Tax Court Opinion. The Ninth Circuit Opinion was subsequently withdrawn and the case is being reheard. Since the Ninth Circuit Opinion was withdrawn, we continue to treat our share-based compensation expense in accordance with the Tax Court Opinion. We also continue to monitor developments in this case and any impact the final opinion could have on our consolidated financial statements. We are subject to taxation in the United States and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. The material jurisdictions in which we are subject to potential examination include the United States and Ireland. We are under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for our 2014 through 2016 tax years and by the Ireland tax authorities for our 2012 through 2015 tax years. Our 2017 tax year remains open to examination by the IRS. Our 2016 and subsequent tax years remain open to examination in Ireland. In July 2016, we received a Statutory Notice of Deficiency (Notice) from the IRS related to transfer pricing with our foreign subsidiaries in conjunction with the examination of the 2010 tax year. While the Notice applies only to the 2010 tax year, the IRS states that it will also apply its position for tax years subsequent to 2010, which, if the IRS prevails in its position, could result in an additional federal tax liability of an estimated, aggregate amount of approximately up to $5.0 billion in excess of the amounts in our originally filed U.S. return, plus interest and any penalties asserted. We do not agree with the position of the IRS and have filed a petition in the Tax Court challenging the Notice. As of December 31, 2018, we have not resolved this matter, and proceedings continue in the Tax Court. In March 2018, we received a second Notice from the IRS in conjunction with the examination of our 2011 through 2013 tax years. The IRS applied its position from the 2010 tax year to each of these years and also proposed new adjustments related to other transfer pricing with our foreign subsidiaries and certain tax credits that we claimed. If the IRS prevails in its position for these new adjustments, this could result in an additional federal tax liability of up to approximately $680 million in excess of the amounts in our originally filed U.S. return, plus interest and any penalties asserted. We do not agree with the positions of the IRS in the second Notice and have filed a petition in the Tax Court challenging the second Notice. We have previously accrued an estimated unrecognized tax benefit consistent with the guidance in ASC 740 that is lower than the potential additional federal tax liability from the positions taken by the IRS in the two Notices. In addition, if the IRS prevails in its positions related to transfer pricing with our foreign subsidiaries, the additional tax that we would owe would be partially offset by a reduction in the tax that we owe under the mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings from the Tax Act. We believe that adequate amounts have been reserved in accordance with ASC 740 for any adjustments to the provision for income taxes or other tax items that may ultimately result from these examinations. The timing of the resolution, settlement, and closure of any audits is highly uncertain, and it is reasonably possible that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change in the next 12 months. Given the number of years remaining that are subject to examination, we are unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits. If the taxing authorities prevail in the assessment of additional tax due, the assessed tax, interest, and penalties, if any, could have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. |
Geographical Information
Geographical Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract] | |
Geographical Information | Geographical Information The following table sets forth property and equipment, net by geographic area (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Property and equipment, net: United States $ 18,950 $ 10,406 Rest of the world (1) 5,733 3,315 Total property and equipment, net $ 24,683 $ 13,721 (1) No individual country, other than disclosed above, exceeded 10% of our total property and equipment, net for any period presented. For information regarding revenue disaggregated by geography, see Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Revenue Recognition. |
Summary of Significant Accoun_2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation We prepared the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Facebook, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates Conformity with GAAP requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates form the basis for judgments we make about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, which are not readily apparent from other sources. We base our estimates and judgments on historical information and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments in several areas, including, but not limited to, those related to income taxes, loss contingencies, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, collectability of accounts receivable, fair value of financial instruments, leases, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, and revenue recognition. These estimates are based on management's knowledge about current events and expectations about actions we may undertake in the future. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. |
Revenue Recognition | Under Topic 606, revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We determine revenue recognition through the following steps: • identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; • identification of the performance obligations in the contract; • determination of the transaction price; • allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and • recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation. Revenue excludes sales and usage-based taxes where it has been determined that we are acting as a pass-through agent. Advertising Advertising revenue is generated by displaying ad products on Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and third-party affiliated websites or mobile applications. Marketers pay for ad products either directly or through their relationships with advertising agencies or resellers, based on the number of impressions delivered or the number of actions, such as clicks, taken by our users. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We recognize revenue from the display of impression-based ads in the contracted period in which the impressions are delivered. Impressions are considered delivered when an ad is displayed to users. We recognize revenue from the delivery of action-based ads in the period in which a user takes the action the marketer contracted for. For advertising revenue arrangements where we are not the principal, we recognize revenue on a net basis. We may accept a lower consideration than the amount promised per the contract for certain revenue transactions and certain customers may receive cash-based incentives or credits, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. We believe that there will not be significant changes to our estimates of variable consideration. Payments and Other Fees Payments revenue is comprised of the net fee we receive from developers using our Payments infrastructure. Other fees revenue consists primarily of revenue from the delivery of consumer hardware devices, as well as revenue from various other sources. Deferred Revenue and Deposits Deferred revenue consists of billings and payments from marketers in advance of revenue recognition. Deposits relate to unused balances held on behalf of our users who primarily use these balances to make purchases in games on our platform. Once this balance is utilized by a user, approximately 70% of this amount would then be payable to the developer and the balance would be recognized as revenue. The increase in the deferred revenue balance for the year ended December 31, 2018 was driven by prepayments from marketers, partially offset by revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period. Our payment terms vary by the products or services offered. The term between billings and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, we require payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer. Deferred revenue and deposits consists of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred revenue $ 117 $ 68 Deposits 30 30 Total deferred revenue and deposits $ 147 $ 98 Practical Expedients and Exemptions We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within marketing and sales on our consolidated statements of income. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. Cost of Revenue Our cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses associated with the delivery and distribution of our products. These include expenses related to the operation of our data centers, such as facility and server equipment depreciation, salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation for employees on our operations teams, and energy and bandwidth costs. Cost of revenue also includes costs associated with partner arrangements, including traffic acquisition and content acquisition costs, credit card and other transaction fees related to processing customer transactions, and cost of consumer hardware device inventory sold. Content acquisition costs We license and pay to produce content in order to increase engagement on the platform. For licensed content, we capitalize the fee per title and record a corresponding liability at the gross amount of the liability when the license period begins, the cost of the title is known and the title is accepted and available for viewing. The amounts capitalized are limited to estimated net realizable value or fair value on a per title basis. The portion available for viewing within one year is recognized as prepaid expenses and other current assets and the remaining portion as other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. For original content, we capitalize costs associated with the production, including development costs and direct costs, if those amounts are recoverable. Capitalized original content costs are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalized costs are amortized in cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of income based on historical and estimated viewing patterns. Capitalized content costs are reviewed when an event or change in circumstances indicates a change in the expected usefulness of the content or that the fair value may be less than amortized cost. If such changes are identified, capitalized content assets will be stated at the lower of unamortized cost, net realizable value or fair value. In addition, unamortized costs for assets that have been, or are expected to be, abandoned are written off. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes We record provision for income taxes for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Under this method, we recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We recognize the deferred income tax effects of a change in tax rates in the period of the enactment. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. These uncertain tax positions include our estimates for transfer pricing that have been developed based upon analyses of appropriate arms-length prices. Similarly, our estimates related to uncertain tax positions concerning research tax credits are based on an assessment of whether our available documentation corroborating the nature of our activities supporting the tax credits will be sufficient. Although we believe that we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions (including net interest and penalties), we can provide no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be materially different. We make adjustments to these reserves when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. On December 22, 2017, the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act) was enacted into law and the new legislation contains several key tax provisions that affected us, including a one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings and a reduction of the corporate income tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018, among others. We are required to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as determining the transition tax, re-measuring our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities as well as reassessing the net realizability of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (SAB 118), which allowed us to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. As a result, we previously provided a provisional estimate of the effect of the Tax Act in our financial statements. In the fourth quarter of 2018, we completed our analysis to determine the effect of the Tax Act and recorded immaterial adjustments as of December 31, 2018. |
Advertising Expense | Advertising Expense Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and are included in marketing and sales expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities, and Restricted Cash | Cash and Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities, and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of cash on deposit with banks and investments in money market funds with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase. We hold investments in marketable securities, consisting of U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities . We classify our marketable securities as available-for-sale investments in our current assets because they represent investments of cash available for current operations. Our available-for-sale investments are carried at estimated fair value with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders' equity. Unrealized losses are charged against interest and other income (expense), net when a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary. We have not recorded any such impairment charge in the periods presented. We determine realized gains or losses on sale of marketable securities on a specific identification method, and record such gains or losses as interest and other income (expense), net. We also maintain a multi-currency notional cash pool for our participating entities with a third-party bank provider. Actual cash balances are not physically converted and are not commingled between participating legal entities. As part of the notional cash pool agreement, the bank extends overdraft credit to our participating entities as needed, provided that the overall notionally pooled balance of all accounts in the pool at the end of each day is at least zero. We classify these overdraft balances within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We classify certain restricted cash balances within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets based upon the term of the remaining restrictions. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments We apply fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: Level 1 -Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 -Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 -Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management's estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Our valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of money market funds and marketable debt securities were derived from quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. |
Accounts Receivable and Allowances | Accounts Receivable and Allowances Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amounts. We make estimates for the allowance for doubtful accounts and allowance for unbilled receivables based upon our assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of our customers, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. |
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment, which includes amounts recorded under capital leases, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are described below: Property and Equipment Useful Life Network equipment Three to 25 years Buildings Three to 30 years Computer software, office equipment and other Two to five years Leased equipment and leasehold improvements Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term Land and assets held within construction in progress are not depreciated. Construction in progress is related to the construction or development of property and equipment that have not yet been placed in service for their intended use. The cost of maintenance and repairs is expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from their respective accounts, and any gain or loss on such sale or disposal is reflected in income from operations. |
Lease Obligations | Lease Obligations We enter into lease arrangements for office space, land, facilities, data centers, and equipment under non-cancelable capital and operating leases. Certain of the operating lease agreements contain rent holidays, rent escalation provisions, and purchase options. Rent holidays and rent escalation provisions are considered in determining the straight-line rent expense to be recorded over the lease term. The lease term begins on the date of initial possession of the leased property for purposes of recognizing lease expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. We do not assume renewals in our determination of the lease term unless the renewals are deemed to be reasonably assured at lease inception. We record assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred by third parties under build-to-suit lease arrangements to the extent that we are involved in the construction of structural improvements or bear construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. |
Loss Contingencies | Loss Contingencies We are involved in legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax or government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the possible loss in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. We review the developments in our contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that has been previously recorded, and the matters and related possible losses disclosed. We make adjustments to our provisions and changes to our disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount. |
Business Combinations | Business Combinations We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired users, acquired technology, and trade names from a market participant perspective, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is not to exceed one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. |
Long-Lived Assets, Including Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets | Long-Lived Assets, Including Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets We evaluate the recoverability of property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Recoverability of these assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of property and equipment and intangible assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value. We have not recorded any significant impairment charges during the years presented. We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our single reporting unit below its carrying value. As of December 31, 2018 , no impairment of goodwill has been identified. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. We routinely review the remaining estimated useful lives of property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets. If we reduce the estimated useful life assumption for any asset, the remaining unamortized balance is amortized or depreciated over the revised estimated useful life. |
Foreign Currency | Foreign Currency Generally, the functional currency of our international subsidiaries is the local currency. We translate the financial statements of these subsidiaries to U.S. dollars using month-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for revenue, costs, and expenses. Translation gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as a component of stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , we had a cumulative translation loss, net of tax of $466 million and $16 million , respectively. Net losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions were $213 million , $6 million , and $76 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively. These losses were recorded as interest and other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income. |
Credit Risk and Concentration | Credit Risk and Concentration Our financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. The majority of cash equivalents consists of short-term money market funds, which are managed by reputable financial institutions. Marketable securities consist of investments in U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities . Our investment policy limits investment instruments to U.S. government securities, U.S. government agency securities, and corporate debt securities with the main objective of preserving capital and maintaining liquidity. Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers across different industries and countries. We generated 43% , 44% , and 46% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively, from marketers and developers based in the United States, with the majority of revenue outside of the United States coming from customers located in western Europe, China, Canada, Australia, and Brazil. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, and generally do not require collateral. We maintain an allowance for estimated credit losses. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , our bad debt expenses were $77 million , $48 million , and $66 million , respectively. In the event that accounts receivable collection cycles deteriorate, our operating results and financial position could be adversely affected. |
Segments | Segments Our chief operating decision-maker is our Chief Executive Officer who makes resource allocation decisions and assesses performance based on financial information presented on a consolidated basis. There are no segment managers who are held accountable by the chief operating decision-maker, or anyone else, for operations, operating results, and planning for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Accordingly, we have determined that we have a single reportable segment and operating segment structure. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted and Not Yet Adopted | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Topic 606, which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605. We adopted Topic 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. See Revenue Recognition above for further details. In October 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-16, Income Taxes ( Topic 740 ): Intra-Entity Transfers Other than Inventory (ASU 2016-16), which requires companies to recognize the income-tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs, rather than when the asset has been sold to an outside party. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the effective date, which was not material to our consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows ( Topic 230 ): Restricted Cash (ASU 2016-18), which requires companies to include amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in cash and cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the retrospective transition approach. The reclassified restricted cash balances from investing activities to changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the consolidated statements of cash flows were not material for all periods presented. In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) : Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASU 2017-01), which revises the definition of a business and provides new guidance in evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis. The new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02), which allows companies to reclassify stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The new standard is effective for us beginning January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We elected to early adopt the new standard at the beginning of the third quarter of 2018 using the aggregate portfolio approach. The amount of stranded tax effects that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings was not material. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02), as amended, which generally requires lessees to recognize operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. We will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and will not restate comparative periods. We will elect the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allows us to carryforward our historical lease classification, our assessment on whether a contract is or contains a lease, and our initial direct costs for any leases that exist prior to adoption of the new standard. We will also elect to combine lease and non-lease components and to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We estimate approximately $6 billion would be recognized as total right-of-use assets and total lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. Other than disclosed, we do not expect the new standard to have a material impact on our remaining consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04), which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of 2020 on a prospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |
Summary of Significant Accoun_3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Disaggregation of Revenue | Revenue disaggregated by revenue source for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 consists of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 (1) 2016 (1) Advertising $ 55,013 $ 39,942 $ 26,885 Payments and other fees 825 711 753 Total revenue $ 55,838 $ 40,653 $ 27,638 (1) As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method. Revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the billing address of our customer, consists of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 (1) 2016 (1) Revenue: US & Canada (2) $ 25,727 $ 19,065 $ 13,432 Europe (3) 13,631 10,126 6,792 Asia-Pacific 11,733 7,921 5,037 Rest of World (3) 4,747 3,541 2,377 Total revenue $ 55,838 $ 40,653 $ 27,638 (1) As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method. (2) United States revenue was $24.10 billion , $17.73 billion , and $12.58 billion for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 . (3) Europe includes Russia and Turkey, and Rest of World includes Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. |
Deferred Revenue and Deposits | Deferred revenue and deposits consists of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred revenue $ 117 $ 68 Deposits 30 30 Total deferred revenue and deposits $ 147 $ 98 |
Estimated Useful Lives of Property and Equipment | The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are described below: Property and Equipment Useful Life Network equipment Three to 25 years Buildings Three to 30 years Computer software, office equipment and other Two to five years Leased equipment and leasehold improvements Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term |
Earnings per Share (Tables)
Earnings per Share (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Numerators and Denominators of Basic and Diluted EPS Computations for Common Stock | The numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations for our common stock are calculated as follows (in millions, except per share amounts): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Class A Class B Class A Class B Class A Class B Basic EPS: Numerator Net income $ 18,411 $ 3,701 $ 13,034 $ 2,900 $ 8,270 $ 1,947 Less: Net income attributable to participating securities 1 — 12 2 24 5 Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 18,410 $ 3,701 $ 13,022 $ 2,898 $ 8,246 $ 1,942 Denominator Weighted average shares outstanding 2,406 484 2,375 528 2,323 548 Less: Shares subject to repurchase — — 2 — 6 2 Number of shares used for basic EPS computation 2,406 484 2,373 528 2,317 546 Basic EPS $ 7.65 $ 7.65 $ 5.49 $ 5.49 $ 3.56 $ 3.56 Diluted EPS: Numerator Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 18,410 $ 3,701 $ 13,022 $ 2,898 $ 8,246 $ 1,942 Reallocation of net income attributable to participating securities 1 — 14 — 29 — Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 3,701 — 2,898 — 1,942 — Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock — (16 ) — (13 ) — 14 Net income attributable to common stockholders for diluted EPS $ 22,112 $ 3,685 $ 15,934 $ 2,885 $ 10,217 $ 1,956 Denominator Number of shares used for basic EPS computation 2,406 484 2,373 528 2,317 546 Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 484 — 528 — 546 — Weighted average effect of dilutive securities: Employee stock options 2 2 4 4 6 6 RSUs 29 1 49 3 49 5 Shares subject to repurchase and other — — 2 — 7 3 Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation 2,921 487 2,956 535 2,925 560 Diluted EPS $ 7.57 $ 7.57 $ 5.39 $ 5.39 $ 3.49 $ 3.49 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, an_2
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities [Abstract] | |
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 2,713 $ 2,212 Money market funds 6,792 5,268 U.S. government securities 90 66 U.S. government agency securities 54 25 Certificate of deposits and time deposits 369 440 Corporate debt securities 1 68 Total cash and cash equivalents 10,019 8,079 Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 13,836 12,766 U.S. government agency securities 8,333 10,944 Corporate debt securities 8,926 9,922 Total marketable securities 31,095 33,632 Total cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities $ 41,114 $ 41,711 |
Marketable Securities by Contractual Maturities | The following table classifies our marketable securities by contractual maturities (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Due in one year $ 9,746 $ 7,976 Due after one year to five years 21,349 25,656 Total $ 31,095 $ 33,632 |
Fair Value Measurement (Tables)
Fair Value Measurement (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis | The following table summarizes, for assets or liabilities measured at fair value, the respective fair value and the classification by level of input within the fair value hierarchy (in millions): Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using Description December 31, Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 6,792 $ 6,792 $ — $ — U.S. government securities 90 90 — — U.S. government agency securities 54 54 — — Certificate of deposits and time deposits 369 — 369 — Corporate debt securities 1 — 1 — Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 13,836 13,836 — — U.S. government agency securities 8,333 8,333 — — Corporate debt securities 8,926 — 8,926 — Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 38,401 $ 29,105 $ 9,296 $ — Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using Description December 31, Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 5,268 $ 5,268 $ — $ — U.S. government securities 66 66 — — U.S. government agency securities 25 25 — — Certificate of deposits and time deposits 440 — 440 — Corporate debt securities 68 — 68 — Marketable securities: U.S. government securities 12,766 12,766 — — U.S. government agency securities 10,944 10,944 — — Corporate debt securities 9,922 — 9,922 — Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 39,499 $ 29,069 $ 10,430 $ — |
Property and Equipment (Tables)
Property and Equipment (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Property and Equipment | Property and equipment consists of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Land $ 899 $ 798 Buildings 7,401 4,909 Leasehold improvements 1,841 959 Network equipment 13,017 7,998 Computer software, office equipment and other 1,187 681 Construction in progress 7,228 2,992 Total 31,573 18,337 Less: Accumulated depreciation (6,890 ) (4,616 ) Property and equipment, net $ 24,683 $ 13,721 |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill | The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows (in millions): Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 18,122 Goodwill acquired 90 Effect of currency translation adjustment 9 Balance as of December 31, 2017 $ 18,221 Goodwill acquired 88 Effect of currency translation adjustment (8 ) Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 18,301 |
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | Intangible assets consist of the following (in millions): December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Acquired users 2.8 $ 2,056 $ (1,260 ) $ 796 $ 2,056 $ (971 ) $ 1,085 Acquired technology 1.2 1,002 (871 ) 131 972 (711 ) 261 Acquired patents 5.2 805 (565 ) 240 785 (499 ) 286 Trade names 1.4 629 (517 ) 112 629 (406 ) 223 Other 2.4 162 (147 ) 15 162 (133 ) 29 Total intangible assets 2.9 $ 4,654 $ (3,360 ) $ 1,294 $ 4,604 $ (2,720 ) $ 1,884 |
Estimated Amortization Expense for Unamortized Acquired Intangible Assets | As of December 31, 2018 , expected amortization expense for the unamortized acquired intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in millions): 2019 $ 553 2020 378 2021 273 2022 33 2023 26 Thereafter 31 Total $ 1,294 |
Liabilities (Tables)
Liabilities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Abstract] | |
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | The components of accrued expenses and other current liabilities are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Accrued compensation and benefits $ 1,203 $ 790 Accrued property and equipment 1,531 685 Overdraft in cash pooling entities 500 — Accrued taxes 491 340 Other current liabilities 1,784 1,077 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 5,509 $ 2,892 |
Other Liabilities | The components of other liabilities are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Income tax payable $ 4,655 $ 5,372 Deferred tax liabilities 673 50 Other liabilities 862 995 Other liabilities $ 6,190 $ 6,417 |
Commitments and Contingencies (
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments for Operating Leases | The following is a schedule, by years, of the future minimum lease payments required under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2018 (in millions): Operating Leases 2019 $ 698 2020 946 2021 1,055 2022 1,048 2023 1,054 Thereafter 9,850 Total minimum lease payments $ 14,651 |
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
Stockholders' Equity (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Stock Option Activity under Stock Plans | The following table summarizes the activities of stock option awards under the Stock Plans for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Shares Subject to Options Outstanding Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value ( 1) (in thousands) (in years) (in millions) Balance as of December 31, 2017 3,078 $ 10.06 Stock options exercised (1,941 ) $ 7.90 Balances at December 31, 2018 1,137 $ 13.74 1.7 $ 133 Stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2018 1,137 $ 13.74 1.7 $ 133 (1) The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock option awards and the official closing price of our Class A common stock of $131.09 , as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on December 31, 2018 . |
Restricted Stock Units Award Activity | The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Unvested RSUs (1) Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in thousands) Unvested at December 31, 2017 81,214 $ 110.49 Granted 38,283 $ 168.38 Vested (43,396 ) $ 106.59 Forfeited (8,803 ) $ 119.25 Unvested at December 31, 2018 67,298 $ 144.77 (1) Unvested shares at December 31, 2017 included an inducement award issued in connection with the WhatsApp acquisition in 2014, which was subject to the terms, restrictions, and conditions of a separate non-plan RSU award agreement. This inducement award was no longer outstanding as of December 31, 2018. |
Interest and other income (ex_2
Interest and other income (expense), net (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Interest and Other Income, Net | The following table presents the detail of interest and other income (expense), net, for the periods presented (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Interest income $ 661 $ 398 $ 176 Interest expense (9 ) (6 ) (10 ) Foreign currency exchange losses, net (213 ) (6 ) (76 ) Other 9 5 1 Interest and other income (expense), net $ 448 $ 391 $ 91 |
Income Taxes (Tables)
Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Components of Income Before Provision for Income Taxes | The components of income before provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 are as follows (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Domestic $ 8,800 $ 7,079 $ 6,368 Foreign 16,561 13,515 6,150 Income before provision for income taxes $ 25,361 $ 20,594 $ 12,518 |
Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes | The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Current: Federal $ 1,747 $ 4,455 $ 2,384 State 176 190 179 Foreign 1,031 389 195 Total current tax expense 2,954 5,034 2,758 Deferred: Federal 316 (296 ) (414 ) State 34 (33 ) (18 ) Foreign (55 ) (45 ) (25 ) Total deferred tax expense/(benefits) 295 (374 ) (457 ) Provision for income taxes $ 3,249 $ 4,660 $ 2,301 |
Reconciliation of U.S. Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate | A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% to our effective tax rate is as follows (in percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 U.S. federal statutory income tax rate 21.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 % State income taxes, net of federal benefit 0.7 0.6 1.0 Research tax credits (1.0 ) (0.9 ) (0.7 ) Share-based compensation 0.3 0.4 1.0 Excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation (2.6 ) (5.8 ) (7.0 ) Effect of non-U.S. operations (5.9 ) (18.6 ) (12.8 ) Effect of U.S. tax law change (1) — 11.0 — Other 0.3 0.9 1.9 Effective tax rate 12.8 % 22.6 % 18.4 % (1) Due to the Tax Act which was enacted in December 2017, provisional one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings was accrued as of December 31, 2017. In addition, deferred taxes were derecognized for previous estimated tax liabilities that would arise upon repatriation of a portion of these earnings in the foreign jurisdictions. |
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | Our deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforward $ 1,825 $ 1,300 Tax credit carryforward 668 509 Share-based compensation 270 385 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 487 381 Other 153 131 Total deferred tax assets 3,403 2,706 Less: valuation allowance (600 ) (438 ) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 2,803 2,268 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization (1,401 ) (622 ) Purchased intangible assets (195 ) (309 ) Deferred taxes on foreign income — (88 ) Total deferred tax liabilities (1,596 ) (1,019 ) Net deferred tax assets $ 1,207 $ 1,249 |
Schedule of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward | The following table reflects changes in the gross unrecognized tax benefits (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Gross unrecognized tax benefits-beginning of period $ 3,870 $ 3,309 $ 3,017 Increases related to prior year tax positions 457 72 32 Decreases related to prior year tax positions (396 ) (34 ) (36 ) Increases related to current year tax positions 831 536 307 Decreases related to settlements of prior year tax positions (84 ) (13 ) (11 ) Gross unrecognized tax benefits-end of period $ 4,678 $ 3,870 $ 3,309 |
Geographical Information (Table
Geographical Information (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract] | |
Revenue and Property and Equipment by Geographic Area | The following table sets forth property and equipment, net by geographic area (in millions): December 31, 2018 2017 Property and equipment, net: United States $ 18,950 $ 10,406 Rest of the world (1) 5,733 3,315 Total property and equipment, net $ 24,683 $ 13,721 (1) No individual country, other than disclosed above, exceeded 10% of our total property and equipment, net for any period presented. |
Summary of Significant Accoun_4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Disaggregated Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | $ 55,838 | $ 40,653 | $ 27,638 |
Advertising | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 55,013 | 39,942 | 26,885 |
Payments and other fees | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 825 | 711 | 753 |
US & Canada | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 25,727 | 19,065 | 13,432 |
Europe | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 13,631 | 10,126 | 6,792 |
Asia-Pacific | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 11,733 | 7,921 | 5,037 |
Rest Of World | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 4,747 | 3,541 | 2,377 |
UNITED STATES | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | $ 24,100 | $ 17,730 | $ 12,580 |
Total Revenue | Geographic concentration risk | UNITED STATES | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Concentration risk percentage | 43.00% | 44.00% | 46.00% |
Summary of Significant Accoun_5
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Deferred Revenue and Deposits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||
Deferred revenue | $ 117 | $ 68 |
Deposits | 30 | 30 |
Total deferred revenue and deposits | $ 147 | $ 98 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_6
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)segment | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | Jan. 01, 2019USD ($) | |
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Percentage of balance payable | 70.00% | |||
Advertising expense | $ 1,100,000,000 | $ 324,000,000 | $ 310,000,000 | |
Goodwill impairment | 0 | |||
Cumulative translation loss, net of tax | 466,000,000 | 16,000,000 | ||
Foreign currency exchange losses, net | 213,000,000 | 6,000,000 | 76,000,000 | |
Revenue | 55,838,000,000 | 40,653,000,000 | 27,638,000,000 | |
Bad debt expense | $ 77,000,000 | 48,000,000 | 66,000,000 | |
Number of reporting segments | segment | 1 | |||
Number of operating segments | segment | 1 | |||
Network equipment | Minimum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 3 years | |||
Network equipment | Maximum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 25 years | |||
Buildings | Minimum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 3 years | |||
Buildings | Maximum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 30 years | |||
Computer software, office equipment and other | Minimum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 2 years | |||
Computer software, office equipment and other | Maximum | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Useful life of property and equipment | 5 years | |||
UNITED STATES | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Revenue | $ 24,100,000,000 | $ 17,730,000,000 | $ 12,580,000,000 | |
Sales revenue | Geographic concentration risk | UNITED STATES | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Concentration risk percentage | 43.00% | 44.00% | 46.00% | |
Scenario, Forecast | Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 | ||||
Summary of Accounting Policies | ||||
Lease asset | $ 6,000,000,000 | |||
Lease liability | $ 6,000,000,000 |
Earnings per Share (Details)
Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Numerator | |||
Net income | $ 22,112 | $ 15,934 | $ 10,217 |
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities | 1 | 14 | 29 |
Net income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders | $ 22,111 | $ 15,920 | $ 10,188 |
Denominator | |||
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 2,890 | 2,901 | 2,863 |
Basic EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.65 | $ 5.49 | $ 3.56 |
Numerator | |||
Net income attributable to common stockholders | $ 22,111 | $ 15,920 | $ 10,188 |
Denominator | |||
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 2,890 | 2,901 | 2,863 |
Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation (in shares) | 2,921 | 2,956 | 2,925 |
Diluted EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.57 | $ 5.39 | $ 3.49 |
Class A Common Stock | |||
Numerator | |||
Net income | $ 18,411 | $ 13,034 | $ 8,270 |
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities | 1 | 12 | 24 |
Net income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders | $ 18,410 | $ 13,022 | $ 8,246 |
Denominator | |||
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) | 2,406 | 2,375 | 2,323 |
Less: Shares subject to repurchase (in shares) | 0 | 2 | 6 |
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 2,406 | 2,373 | 2,317 |
Basic EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.65 | $ 5.49 | $ 3.56 |
Numerator | |||
Net income attributable to common stockholders | $ 18,410 | $ 13,022 | $ 8,246 |
Reallocation of net income attributable to participating securities | 1 | 14 | 29 |
Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock | 3,701 | 2,898 | 1,942 |
Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Net income attributable to common stockholders for diluted EPS | $ 22,112 | $ 15,934 | $ 10,217 |
Denominator | |||
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 2,406 | 2,373 | 2,317 |
Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock (in shares) | 484 | 528 | 546 |
Shares subject to repurchase and other (in shares) | 0 | 2 | 7 |
Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation (in shares) | 2,921 | 2,956 | 2,925 |
Diluted EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.57 | $ 5.39 | $ 3.49 |
Class A Common Stock | Employee Stock Option | |||
Denominator | |||
Share based payment arrangements (in shares) | 2 | 4 | 6 |
Class A Common Stock | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | |||
Denominator | |||
Share based payment arrangements (in shares) | 29 | 49 | 49 |
Class B Common Stock | |||
Numerator | |||
Net income | $ 3,701 | $ 2,900 | $ 1,947 |
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities | 0 | 2 | 5 |
Net income attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders | $ 3,701 | $ 2,898 | $ 1,942 |
Denominator | |||
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) | 484 | 528 | 548 |
Less: Shares subject to repurchase (in shares) | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 484 | 528 | 546 |
Basic EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.65 | $ 5.49 | $ 3.56 |
Numerator | |||
Net income attributable to common stockholders | $ 3,701 | $ 2,898 | $ 1,942 |
Reallocation of net income attributable to participating securities | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock | (16) | (13) | 14 |
Net income attributable to common stockholders for diluted EPS | $ 3,685 | $ 2,885 | $ 1,956 |
Denominator | |||
Number of shares used for basic EPS computation (in shares) | 484 | 528 | 546 |
Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock (in shares) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Shares subject to repurchase and other (in shares) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Number of shares used for diluted EPS computation (in shares) | 487 | 535 | 560 |
Diluted EPS (in dollars per share) | $ 7.57 | $ 5.39 | $ 3.49 |
Class B Common Stock | Employee Stock Option | |||
Denominator | |||
Share based payment arrangements (in shares) | 2 | 4 | 6 |
Class B Common Stock | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | |||
Denominator | |||
Share based payment arrangements (in shares) | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, an_3
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 10,019 | $ 8,079 | $ 8,903 |
Marketable securities | 31,095 | 33,632 | |
Total cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities | 41,114 | 41,711 | |
Gross unrealized loss on marketable securities | (357) | (289) | |
Gross unrealized loss on securities in continuous loss position for 12 months or longer | (332) | (169) | |
Cash | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 2,713 | 2,212 | |
Money market funds | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 6,792 | 5,268 | |
U.S. government securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 90 | 66 | |
U.S. government agency securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 54 | 25 | |
Certificate of deposits and time deposits | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 369 | 440 | |
Corporate debt securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1 | 68 | |
U.S. government securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Marketable securities | 13,836 | 12,766 | |
U.S. government agency securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Marketable securities | 8,333 | 10,944 | |
Corporate debt securities | |||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||
Marketable securities | $ 8,926 | $ 9,922 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, an_4
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities - Contractual Maturities of Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities [Abstract] | ||
Due in one year | $ 9,746 | $ 7,976 |
Due after one year to five years | 21,349 | 25,656 |
Total | $ 31,095 | $ 33,632 |
Fair Value Measurement (Details
Fair Value Measurement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | $ 31,095 | $ 33,632 |
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities | 38,401 | 39,499 |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities | 29,105 | 29,069 |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities | 9,296 | 10,430 |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
Money market funds | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 6,792 | 5,268 |
Money market funds | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 6,792 | 5,268 |
Money market funds | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
Money market funds | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 90 | 66 |
U.S. government securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 90 | 66 |
U.S. government securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government agency securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 54 | 25 |
U.S. government agency securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 54 | 25 |
U.S. government agency securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government agency securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
Certificate of deposits and time deposits | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 369 | 440 |
Certificate of deposits and time deposits | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
Certificate of deposits and time deposits | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 369 | 440 |
Certificate of deposits and time deposits | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
Corporate debt securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 1 | 68 |
Corporate debt securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
Corporate debt securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 1 | 68 |
Corporate debt securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Cash equivalents | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 13,836 | 12,766 |
U.S. government securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 13,836 | 12,766 |
U.S. government securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government agency securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 8,333 | 10,944 |
U.S. government agency securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 8,333 | 10,944 |
U.S. government agency securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
U.S. government agency securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
Corporate debt securities | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 8,926 | 9,922 |
Corporate debt securities | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
Corporate debt securities | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | 8,926 | 9,922 |
Corporate debt securities | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Marketable securities | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Property and Equipment (Detail)
Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | $ 31,573,000,000 | $ 18,337,000,000 | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (6,890,000,000) | (4,616,000,000) | |
Property and equipment, net | 24,683,000,000 | 13,721,000,000 | |
Depreciation expense | 3,680,000,000 | 2,330,000,000 | $ 1,590,000,000 |
Assets acquired under capital lease agreements | 1,060,000,000 | 533,000,000 | |
Accumulated depreciation of property and equipment acquired under capital leases | 217,000,000 | 101,000,000 | |
Interest costs capitalized | 0 | 0 | $ 0 |
Land | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | 899,000,000 | 798,000,000 | |
Buildings | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | 7,401,000,000 | 4,909,000,000 | |
Leasehold improvements | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | 1,841,000,000 | 959,000,000 | |
Network equipment | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | 13,017,000,000 | 7,998,000,000 | |
Computer software, office equipment and other | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | 1,187,000,000 | 681,000,000 | |
Construction in progress | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment | |||
Property and equipment, gross | $ 7,228,000,000 | $ 2,992,000,000 |
Goodwill and Intangible Asset_2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Change in Carrying Amount (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Goodwill [Roll Forward] | ||
Goodwill beginning | $ 18,221 | $ 18,122 |
Goodwill acquired | 88 | 90 |
Effect of currency translation adjustment | (8) | 9 |
Goodwill ending | $ 18,301 | $ 18,221 |
Goodwill and Intangible Asset_3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Amortization expense | $ 640 | $ 692 | $ 751 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 2 years 10 months 23 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 4,654 | 4,604 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (3,360) | (2,720) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 1,294 | 1,884 | |
Acquired users | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 2 years 9 months 17 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 2,056 | 2,056 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (1,260) | (971) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 796 | 1,085 | |
Acquired technology | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 1 year 2 months 11 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 1,002 | 972 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (871) | (711) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 131 | 261 | |
Acquired patents | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 5 years 2 months 12 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 805 | 785 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (565) | (499) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 240 | 286 | |
Trade names | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 1 year 4 months 23 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 629 | 629 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (517) | (406) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 112 | 223 | |
Other | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Lives (in years) | 2 years 4 months 23 days | ||
Gross Carrying Amount | $ 162 | 162 | |
Accumulated Amortization | (147) | (133) | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 15 | $ 29 |
Goodwill and Intangible Asset_4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Maturity Schedule [Abstract] | ||
2,019 | $ 553 | |
2,020 | 378 | |
2,021 | 273 | |
2,022 | 33 | |
2,023 | 26 | |
Thereafter | 31 | |
Net Carrying Amount | $ 1,294 | $ 1,884 |
Liabilities (Details)
Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Accrued Liabilities and Other Current Liabilities [Abstract] | ||
Accrued compensation and benefits | $ 1,203 | $ 790 |
Accrued property and equipment | 1,531 | 685 |
Overdraft in cash pooling entities | 500 | 0 |
Accrued taxes | 491 | 340 |
Other current liabilities | 1,784 | 1,077 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 5,509 | 2,892 |
Other Liabilities [Abstract] | ||
Income tax payable | 4,655 | 5,372 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 673 | 50 |
Other liabilities | 862 | 995 |
Other liabilities | $ 6,190 | $ 6,417 |
Long-term Debt - Borrowings (De
Long-term Debt - Borrowings (Details) - Revolving Credit Facility - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2018 | May 31, 2016 |
Debt Instrument | ||
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity | $ 2,000,000,000 | |
Line of credit facility, amount outstanding | $ 0 |
Commitments and Contingencies_2
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Millions | Jul. 27, 2018claim | Dec. 31, 2018USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) |
Operating Leases | ||||
2,019 | $ 698 | |||
2,020 | 946 | |||
2,021 | 1,055 | |||
2,022 | 1,048 | |||
2,023 | 1,054 | |||
Thereafter | 9,850 | |||
Total minimum lease payments | 14,651 | |||
Operating lease expense | 629 | $ 363 | $ 269 | |
Other contractual commitments | ||||
Non-cancelable contractual commitment | $ 6,170 | |||
Contractual obligation, period | 5 years | |||
Number of class actions filed | claim | 2 |
Stockholders' Equity - Common S
Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock (Details) | Dec. 31, 2018vote$ / sharesshares | Dec. 31, 2017$ / sharesshares |
Class of Stock | ||
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 0.000006 | $ 0.000006 |
Class A Common Stock | ||
Class of Stock | ||
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 5,000,000,000 | 5,000,000,000 |
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 0.000006 | |
Common stock, number of votes by class | vote | 1 | |
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares) | 2,385,000,000 | 2,397,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, outstanding (in shares) | 2,385,000,000 | 2,397,000,000 |
Class B Common Stock | ||
Class of Stock | ||
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 4,141,000,000 | 4,141,000,000 |
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 0.000006 | |
Common stock, number of votes by class | vote | 10 | |
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares) | 469,000,000 | 509,000,000 |
Common stock, shares, outstanding (in shares) | 469,000,000 | 509,000,000 |
Stockholders' Equity - Share Re
Stockholders' Equity - Share Repurchase Program (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Jun. 30, 2018 | Apr. 30, 2018 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |||
Share repurchase program, authorized amount | $ 9,000,000,000 | $ 6,000,000,000 | $ 9,000,000,000 |
Shares repurchased (in shares) | 79 | ||
Shares repurchased | $ 12,930,000,000 | ||
Shares available for repurchase | $ 9,000,000,000 |
Stockholders' Equity - Share-ba
Stockholders' Equity - Share-based Compensation Plans (Detail) | Jan. 01, 2019shares | Dec. 31, 2018plansshares |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | ||
Share-based employee compensation plans, number | plans | 2 | |
2012 Plan | ||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | ||
2012 equity incentive plan shares reserved for future issuance (in shares) | 83,000,000 | |
Shares reserved for issuance increase percentage | 2.50% | |
Subsequent Event | ||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | ||
Shares reserved for issuance (in shares) | 60,000,000 |
Stockholders' Equity - Stock Op
Stockholders' Equity - Stock Option Award Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||
Aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised | $ 315 | $ 359 | $ 309 |
Employee Stock Option | |||
Number of Shares | |||
Beginning balance (in shares) | 3,078,000 | ||
Stock options exercised (in shares) | (1,941,000) | ||
Ending balance (in shares) | 1,137,000 | 3,078,000 | |
Stock options exercisable as of period end (in shares) | 1,137,000 | ||
Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||
Beginning Balance (in dollars per share) | $ 10.06 | ||
Stock options exercised (in dollars per share) | 7.90 | ||
Ending Balance (in dollars per share) | 13.74 | $ 10.06 | |
Stock options exercisable as of period end (in dollars per share) | $ 13.74 | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | |||
Balance at period end | 1 year 8 months 6 days | ||
Stock options exercisable as of period end | 1 year 8 months 6 days | ||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||
Balance at period end | $ 133 | ||
Stock options exercisable as of period end | $ 133 | ||
Options granted (in shares) | 0 | ||
Options forfeited or canceled (in shares) | 0 | ||
Class A Common Stock | |||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||
Share price (in dollars per share) | $ 131.09 |
Stockholders' Equity - RSU Awar
Stockholders' Equity - RSU Award Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) shares in Thousands | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2018$ / sharesshares | |
Number of Shares | |
Unvested at beginning of period (in shares) | shares | 81,214 |
Granted (in shares) | shares | 38,283 |
Vested (in shares) | shares | (43,396) |
Forfeited (in shares) | shares | (8,803) |
Unvested at end of period (in shares) | shares | 67,298 |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |
Unvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 110.49 |
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | 168.38 |
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | 106.59 |
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | 119.25 |
Unvested at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 144.77 |
Stockholders' Equity - Addition
Stockholders' Equity - Additional Award Disclosures (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Future period share-based compensation expense | $ 8,960 | ||
Future period share-based compensation expense period of recognition (in years) | 3 years | ||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Fair value of vested RSUs | $ 7,570 | $ 6,760 | $ 4,920 |
Interest and other income (ex_3
Interest and other income (expense), net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract] | |||
Interest income | $ 661 | $ 398 | $ 176 |
Interest expense | (9) | (6) | (10) |
Foreign currency exchange losses, net | (213) | (6) | (76) |
Other | 9 | 5 | 1 |
Interest and other income (expense), net | $ 448 | $ 391 | $ 91 |
Income Taxes - Schedule for In
Income Taxes - Schedule for Income Before Income Tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Domestic | $ 8,800 | $ 7,079 | $ 6,368 |
Foreign | 16,561 | 13,515 | 6,150 |
Income before provision for income taxes | $ 25,361 | $ 20,594 | $ 12,518 |
Income Taxes - Provision for I
Income Taxes - Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Current: | |||
Federal | $ 1,747 | $ 4,455 | $ 2,384 |
State | 176 | 190 | 179 |
Foreign | 1,031 | 389 | 195 |
Total current tax expense | 2,954 | 5,034 | 2,758 |
Deferred: | |||
Federal | 316 | (296) | (414) |
State | 34 | (33) | (18) |
Foreign | (55) | (45) | (25) |
Total deferred tax expense/(benefits) | 295 | (374) | (457) |
Provision for income taxes | $ 3,249 | $ 4,660 | $ 2,301 |
Income Taxes - Effective Incom
Income Taxes - Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Effective Income Tax Rate, Continuing Operations, Tax Rate Reconciliation [Abstract] | |||
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate | 21.00% | 35.00% | 35.00% |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | 0.70% | 0.60% | 1.00% |
Research tax credits | (1.00%) | (0.90%) | (0.70%) |
Share-based compensation | 0.30% | 0.40% | 1.00% |
Excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation | (2.60%) | (5.80%) | (7.00%) |
Effect of non-U.S. operations | (5.90%) | (18.60%) | (12.80%) |
Effect of U.S. tax law change | 0.00% | 11.00% | 0.00% |
Other | 0.30% | 0.90% | 1.90% |
Effective tax rate | 12.80% | 22.60% | 18.40% |
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax As
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Deferred tax assets: | ||
Net operating loss carryforward | $ 1,825 | $ 1,300 |
Tax credit carryforward | 668 | 509 |
Share-based compensation | 270 | 385 |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 487 | 381 |
Other | 153 | 131 |
Total deferred tax assets | 3,403 | 2,706 |
Less: valuation allowance | (600) | (438) |
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | 2,803 | 2,268 |
Deferred tax liabilities: | ||
Depreciation and amortization | (1,401) | (622) |
Purchased intangible assets | (195) | (309) |
Deferred taxes on foreign income | 0 | (88) |
Total deferred tax liabilities | (1,596) | (1,019) |
Net deferred tax assets | $ 1,207 | $ 1,249 |
Income Taxes - Unrecognized Ta
Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | |||
Gross unrecognized tax benefits-beginning of period | $ 3,870 | $ 3,309 | $ 3,017 |
Increases related to prior year tax positions | 457 | 72 | 32 |
Decreases related to prior year tax positions | (396) | (34) | (36) |
Increases related to current year tax positions | 831 | 536 | 307 |
Decreases related to settlements of prior year tax positions | (84) | (13) | (11) |
Gross unrecognized tax benefits-end of period | $ 4,678 | $ 3,870 | $ 3,309 |
Income Taxes - Narrative (Deta
Income Taxes - Narrative (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||
Jul. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Income Tax Disclosure | |||||
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate | 21.00% | 35.00% | 35.00% | ||
Valuation allowance, deferred tax assets | $ 600 | $ 438 | |||
Cumulative stock ownership change threshold | 50.00% | ||||
Change in ownership percentage over period | 3 years | ||||
Unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties accrued | $ 340 | 154 | |||
Unrecognized tax benefits | 4,678 | $ 3,870 | $ 3,309 | $ 3,017 | |
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate | 2,940 | ||||
Maximum | |||||
Income Tax Disclosure | |||||
Income tax examination, estimate of possible additional tax liability | $ 5,000 | ||||
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) | |||||
Income Tax Disclosure | |||||
Operating loss carryforwards | 7,880 | ||||
Tax credit carryforward | 290 | ||||
State and Local Jurisdiction | |||||
Income Tax Disclosure | |||||
Operating loss carryforwards | 2,220 | ||||
Tax credit carryforward | 1,910 | ||||
Tax Years 2011 Through 2013 | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) | |||||
Income Tax Disclosure | |||||
Income tax examination, estimate of possible additional tax liability | $ 680 |
Geographical Information - Prop
Geographical Information - Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Area | ||
Property and equipment, net | $ 24,683 | $ 13,721 |
UNITED STATES | ||
Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Area | ||
Property and equipment, net | 18,950 | 10,406 |
Rest of the world | ||
Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Area | ||
Property and equipment, net | $ 5,733 | $ 3,315 |
Uncategorized Items - fb-201812
Label | Element | Value |
Other Assets [Member] | ||
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | $ 100,000,000 |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | 107,000,000 |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | 95,000,000 |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member] | ||
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | 106,000,000 |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | 18,000,000 |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents | $ 10,000,000 |