Accounting Standards and Significant Accounting Policies | Significant Accounting Policies Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements ASU No. 2014-09 In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("Topic 606") . Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 605, Revenue Recognition ("Topic 605"), and requires the recognition of revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the considerations to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Topic 606 also includes Subtopic 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs - Contracts with Customers, which requires the deferral of incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Collectively, we refer to Topic 606 and Subtopic 340-40 as the "new standard." We early adopted the requirements of the new standard as of February 1, 2017, utilizing the full retrospective method of transition. Adoption of the new standard resulted in changes to our accounting policies for revenue recognition, trade and other receivables, and deferred commissions as detailed below. We applied the new standard using a practical expedient where the consideration allocated to the remaining performance obligations or an explanation of when we expect to recognize that amount as revenue for all reporting periods presented before the date of the initial application is not disclosed. The impact of adopting the new standard on our fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016 revenues is not material. The primary impact of adopting the new standard relates to the deferral of incremental commission costs of obtaining subscription contracts. Under Topic 605, we deferred only direct and incremental commission costs to obtain a contract and amortized those costs over the term of the related subscription contract, which was generally between three and five years. Under the new standard, we defer all incremental commission costs to obtain the contract. We amortize these costs over a period of benefit that we have determined to be five years. ASU No. 2016-09 In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and classification in the statement of cash flows. As of February 1, 2017, we adopted the applicable provisions of ASU No. 2016-09 as follows: • The guidance requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded as income tax benefit or expense in the statement of operations when the awards vest or are settled, and eliminates the requirement to reclassify cash flows related to excess tax benefits from operating activities to financing activities on the statement of cash flows. We adopted the guidance prospectively effective February 1, 2017. Amounts previously recorded to Additional paid-in capital related to windfall tax benefits prior to February 1, 2017 remain in Stockholders' equity. • The guidance eliminates the requirement that excess tax benefits must be realized (through a reduction in income taxes payable) before companies can recognize them. We have applied the modified retrospective transition method upon adoption. The previously unrecognized excess tax effects were recorded as a deferred tax asset in the amount of $448.0 million , of which $447.8 million was fully offset by a valuation allowance, and the remaining $0.2 million resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment to Accumulated deficit as of February 1, 2017. ASU No. 2016-18 In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, Restricted Cash (Topic 230) , which requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period for the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning February 1, 2018. We early adopted ASU No. 2016-18 retrospectively, effective February 1, 2017. As a result of including restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts presented on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, net cash flows for the three months ended April 30, 2016 increased by $1 million . We adjusted our condensed consolidated financial statements from amounts previously reported due to the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 and ASU No. 2016-18. Select condensed consolidated balance sheet line items, which reflect the adoption of the new ASU's are as follows (in thousands): January 31, 2017 As previously reported Adjustments As adjusted Assets Trade and other receivables, net $ 383,908 $ 25,872 a $ 409,780 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 88,336 (21,746 ) a 66,590 Deferred costs 27,537 23,793 a 51,330 Deferred costs, noncurrent 43,310 73,939 a 117,249 Liabilities Unearned revenue $ 1,097,417 $ (11,205 ) a $ 1,086,212 Unearned revenue, noncurrent 135,970 (639 ) a 135,331 Select unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations line items, which reflect the adoption of the new ASUs are as follows (in thousands): Three months ended April 30, 2016 As previously reported Adjustments As adjusted Revenues: Subscription services $ 280,003 $ 165 a $ 280,168 Professional services 65,427 2,082 a 67,509 Total revenues 345,430 2,247 a 347,677 Costs and expenses: Sales and marketing 127,491 128 a 127,619 Operating loss (73,649 ) 2,119 a (71,530 ) Net loss $ (80,622 ) $ 2,119 a $ (78,503 ) Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.41 ) $ 0.01 a $ (0.40 ) Select unaudited condensed consolidated statement of cash flows line items, which reflect the adoption of the new ASUs are as follows (in thousands): Three months ended April 30, 2016 As previously reported Adjustments As adjusted Cash flows from operating activities Net loss $ (80,622 ) $ 2,119 a $ (78,503 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Amortization of deferred costs 5,873 4,566 a 10,439 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Trade and other receivables, net 101,047 (2,728 ) a 98,319 Deferred costs (4,788 ) (4,438 ) a (9,226 ) Prepaid expenses and other assets (776 ) 3,164 a, b 2,388 Unearned revenue 26,269 (1,332 ) a 24,937 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 161,466 1,351 b 162,817 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 104,517 1,351 b 105,868 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of period $ 404,604 $ 1,351 b $ 405,955 a Adjusted to reflect the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. b Adjusted to reflect the adoption of ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, Restricted Cash. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Except for the accounting policies for revenue recognition, trade and other receivables, and deferred commissions that were updated as a result of adopting ASU No. 2014-09, there have been no changes to our significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2017 , filed with the SEC on March 20, 2017, that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. Revenue Recognition We derive our revenues primarily from subscription services and professional services. Revenues are recognized when control of these services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services. We determine revenue recognition through the following steps: • Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer • Identification of the performance obligations in the contract • Determination of the transaction price • Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract • Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation Subscription Services Revenues Subscription services revenues primarily consist of fees that provide customers access to one or more of our cloud applications for finance, human resources, and analytics, with routine customer support. Revenue is generally recognized over time on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. Our subscription contracts are generally three years or longer in length, billed annually in advance, and non-cancelable. Professional Services Revenues Professional services revenues primarily consist of fees for deployment and optimization services, as well as training. The majority of our consulting contracts are billed on a time and materials basis and revenue is recognized over time as the services are performed. For contracts billed on a fixed price basis, revenue is recognized over time based on the proportion performed. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Some of our contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, we account for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. We determine the standalone selling prices based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including the value of our contracts, the cloud applications sold, customer demographics, geographic locations, and the number and types of users within our contracts. Trade and Other Receivables Trade and other receivables are primarily comprised of trade receivables that are recorded at the invoice amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is not material. Other receivables represent unbilled receivables related to subscription and professional services contracts. Deferred Commissions Sales commissions earned by our sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. These costs are deferred and then amortized over a period of benefit that we have determined to be five years. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Amortization expense is included in Sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , which requires the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet by lessees for those leases currently classified as operating leases under ASC Topic 840 Leases. The guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning February 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements of the standard and cannot currently estimate the financial statement impact of adoption. In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory (Topic 740) , which requires entities to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Prior to the issuance of this ASU, existing guidance prohibited the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset had been sold to an outside party. The guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning February 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements of the standard and cannot currently estimate the financial statement impact of adoption. |