UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) | ||
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| Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
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For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 | ||
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| Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
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For the transition period from to . |
Commission File No. 333-125338
DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland |
| 30-0309068 |
(State or other jurisdiction |
| (I.R.S. Employer |
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518 Seventeenth Street, 17th Floor |
| 80202 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
| (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (303) 228-2200
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
As of October 31, 2007, 107,930,440 shares of common stock of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc., par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.
Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.
Form 10-Q
September 30, 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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2
DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share information)
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| As of |
| As of |
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| September 30, |
| December 31, |
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| 2006 |
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ASSETS |
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Investments in real property: |
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Land |
| $ | 289,380 |
| $ | 56,102 |
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Building and improvements |
| 700,657 |
| 168,936 |
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Intangible lease assets |
| 131,661 |
| 34,184 |
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Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
| (23,090 | ) | (2,591 | ) | ||
Total net investments in real property |
| 1,098,608 |
| 256,631 |
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Investments in real estate securities |
| 206,592 |
| 48,179 |
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Debt related investments |
| 102,672 |
| 28,256 |
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Total net investments |
| 1,407,872 |
| 333,066 |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
| 289,569 |
| 67,317 |
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Restricted cash |
| 12,052 |
| 1,782 |
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Subscriptions receivable |
| 2,780 |
| 43,067 |
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Other assets, net |
| 27,280 |
| 7,739 |
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Total Assets |
| $ | 1,739,553 |
| $ | 452,971 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
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Liabilities: |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses (including $2,246 and $4,305 due to affiliates as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively) |
| $ | 12,372 |
| $ | 6,469 |
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Dividends payable |
| 14,576 |
| 2,729 |
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Mortgage notes |
| 671,737 |
| 84,450 |
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Master repurchase facility |
| — |
| 10,919 |
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Short term borrowings |
| 40,000 |
| — |
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Financing obligations |
| 92,359 |
| 39,017 |
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Intangible lease liabilities, net |
| 24,427 |
| 4,180 |
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Unsettled securities purchases |
| — |
| 8,246 |
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Other liabilities (including $0 and $1,128 due to affiliates as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively) |
| 18,477 |
| 3,167 |
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Total Liabilities |
| 873,948 |
| 159,177 |
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Minority Interests |
| 19,027 |
| 10,249 |
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Stockholders’ Equity: |
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Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |
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| — |
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Common stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 103,038,975 and 32,304,902 shares issued and outstanding, as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively |
| 1,030 |
| 323 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
| 927,271 |
| 286,391 |
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Distributions in excess of earnings |
| (29,393 | ) | (4,142 | ) | ||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
| (52,330 | ) | 973 |
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Total Stockholders’ Equity |
| 846,578 |
| 283,545 |
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Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |
| $ | 1,739,553 |
| $ | 452,971 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share information)
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| September 30, |
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REVENUE: |
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Rental revenue |
| $ | 22,643 |
| $ | 1,337 |
| $ | 44,050 |
| $ | 1,361 |
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Securities income |
| 4,561 |
| 305 |
| 10,425 |
| 305 |
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Debt related income |
| 2,569 |
| — |
| 6,453 |
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Gain on sale of securities |
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| 28 |
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| 28 |
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Total Revenue |
| 29,773 |
| 1,670 |
| 60,928 |
| 1,694 |
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EXPENSES: |
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Rental expense |
| 5,846 |
| 409 |
| 11,764 |
| 411 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
| 9,815 |
| 554 |
| 19,447 |
| 567 |
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General and administrative expenses |
| 1,236 |
| 366 |
| 2,948 |
| 690 |
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Asset management fees, related party |
| 2,660 |
| 203 |
| 5,851 |
| 223 |
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Total Operating Expenses |
| 19,557 |
| 1,532 |
| 40,010 |
| 1,891 |
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Operating Income (Loss) |
| 10,216 |
| 138 |
| 20,918 |
| (197 | ) | ||||
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Other Income (Expenses): |
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Interest income |
| 3,375 |
| 455 |
| 8,563 |
| 680 |
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Interest expense |
| (11,951 | ) | (521 | ) | (20,323 | ) | (521 | ) | ||||
Income (Loss) Before Minority Interests |
| 1,640 |
| 72 |
| 9,158 |
| (38 | ) | ||||
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Minority Interests |
| 304 |
| 3 |
| 428 |
| 66 |
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NET INCOME |
| $ | 1,944 |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 9,586 |
| $ | 28 |
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WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING |
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Basic |
| 97,051 |
| 7,657 |
| 77,572 |
| 3,333 |
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Diluted |
| 97,071 |
| 7,677 |
| 77,592 |
| 3,353 |
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NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE |
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Basic |
| $ | 0.02 |
| $ | 0.01 |
| $ | 0.12 |
| $ | 0.01 |
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Diluted |
| $ | 0.02 |
| $ | 0.01 |
| $ | 0.12 |
| $ | 0.01 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
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| Accumulated |
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| Additional |
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| Other |
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| Common Stock |
| Paid-in |
| Excess of |
| Comprehensive |
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| Amount |
| Capital |
| Earnings |
| Income (Loss) |
| Equity |
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Balances, December 31, 2006 |
| 32,305 |
| $ | 323 |
| $ | 286,391 |
| $ | (4,142 | ) | $ | 973 |
| $ | 283,545 |
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Comprehensive income (loss): |
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Net income |
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| 9,586 |
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| 9,586 |
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Net unrealized loss from available-for-sale securities |
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| (41,193 | ) | (41,193 | ) | |||||
Cash flow hedging derivatives |
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| — |
| — |
| — |
| (12,110 | ) | (12,110 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive income (loss) |
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| (43,717 | ) | |||||
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Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs |
| 70,876 |
| 708 |
| 642,166 |
| — |
| — |
| 642,874 |
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Redemptions of common stock |
| (142 | ) | (1 | ) | (1,293 | ) |
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| (1,294 | ) | |||||
Amortization of stock based compensation |
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| 7 |
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| 7 |
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Distributions on common stock |
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| (34,837 | ) | — |
| (34,837 | ) | |||||
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Balances, September 30, 2007 |
| 103,039 |
| $ | 1,030 |
| $ | 927,271 |
| $ | (29,393 | ) | $ | (52,330 | ) | $ | 846,578 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
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| 2006 |
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OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
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Net income |
| $ | 9,586 |
| $ | 28 |
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Minority interests |
| (428 | ) | (66 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Real estate depreciation and amortization |
| 19,004 |
| 567 |
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Other depreciation and amortization |
| 675 |
| 31 |
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Gain on sale of securities |
| — |
| (28 | ) | ||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Increase in restricted cash |
| (10,133 | ) | (320 | ) | ||
Increase in other assets |
| (10,823 | ) | (1,198 | ) | ||
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
| 8,930 |
| 2,416 |
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Increase in other liabilities |
| 1,759 |
| 2,269 |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
| 18,570 |
| 3,699 |
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INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
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Investment in real property |
| (839,010 | ) | (95,079 | ) | ||
Decrease (increase) in deferred acquisition costs |
| 709 |
| (96 | ) | ||
Investment in real estate securities |
| (207,851 | ) | (26,686 | ) | ||
Proceeds from sales of real estate securities |
| — |
| 972 |
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Investments in debt related investments |
| (87,069 | ) | (5,759 | ) | ||
Principal collections on debt related investments |
| 12,665 |
| — |
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Net cash used in investing activities |
| (1,120,556 | ) | (126,648 | ) | ||
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FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
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Decrease in accounts receivable, related party organization and offering costs |
| — |
| 201 |
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Mortgage note proceeds |
| 587,284 |
| 47,500 |
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Mortgage note principal repayments |
| (49 | ) | — |
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Repayment of master repurchase facility |
| (10,919 | ) | — |
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Short term borrowings |
| 40,000 |
| 500 |
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Financing obligation proceeds |
| 53,342 |
| — |
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Decrease in restricted cash |
| (136 | ) | — |
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Increase in deferred financing costs |
| (10,105 | ) | (154 | ) | ||
Proceeds from minority interest contributions |
| 23,802 |
| 2,780 |
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Proceeds from sale of common stock |
| 733,103 |
| 99,882 |
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Offering costs for issuance of common stock, related party |
| (66,551 | ) | (9,715 | ) | ||
Redemption of common shares |
| (1,295 | ) | — |
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Settlement of cash flow hedging derivative |
| (241 | ) | — |
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Distributions to minority interest holders |
| (14,587 | ) | — |
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Distributions to common stockholders |
| (9,417 | ) | (128 | ) | ||
Amortization of stock compensation |
| 7 |
| 4 |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 1,324,238 |
| 140,870 |
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NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
| 222,252 |
| 17,921 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period |
| 67,317 |
| 2 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period |
| $ | 289,569 |
| $ | 17,923 |
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Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
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Assumed mortgages |
| $ | 13,338 |
| $ | — |
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Amount issued in common stock pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan |
| $ | 13,582 |
| $ | 181 |
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Cash paid for interest |
| $ | 16,591 |
| $ | 396 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. ORGANIZATION
Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (the “Company”) is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments. The Company’s targeted investments include (1) direct investments in real properties, consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, lodging and other properties, primarily located in North America, (2) investments in real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”), collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and similar investments and (3) certain debt related investments, including mortgage notes secured by real estate, participations in mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt and other related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.
We operate in a manner to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. Our REIT status became effective during September 2007 when we filed our corporate tax return for the taxable year ended December 31, 2006. The Company utilizes an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of its assets through its operating partnership, Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”).
Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”). In addition, under the terms of certain dealer manager agreements, Dividend Capital Securities LLC (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate, serves as the dealer manager of our public and private offerings. The Advisor and its affiliates, including the Dealer Manager, receive various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to our public and private offerings and for the investment and management of our real estate assets.
On April 25, 2005, the Company sold 200 shares of common stock to an affiliate of the Advisor at a price of $10 per share. The Company subsequently contributed $2,000 to the Operating Partnership and is the sole general partner.
On May 4, 2005, our Operating Partnership issued 20,000 operating partnership units (“OP Units”) to the Advisor in exchange for $200,000, representing an approximate 99% limited partnership interest. On May 4, 2005, the Operating Partnership issued 100 Special Operating Partnership Units (“Special Units”) (see Note 15) to Dividend Capital Total Advisors Group LLC, the parent of the Advisor, in exchange for $1,000. As of September 30, 2007, the Operating Partnership was less than 0.1% owned by the Advisor and the parent of the Advisor and more than 99.9% owned by the Company. The holders of OP Units have the right to convert their OP Units into cash or, at the option of the Company, into an equal number of shares of common stock of the Company, or a combination of both, as allowed by the Operating Partnership’s agreement. The remaining rights of the holders of OP Units are limited and do not include the ability to replace the general partner or to approve the sale, purchase or refinancing of the Operating Partnership’s assets.
As of September 30, 2007, we had net investments of approximately $1.4 billion, comprised of approximately (1) $1.1 billion in real property, net of accumulated depreciation, (2) $206.6 million in real estate securities, net of dispositions, and (3) $102.7 million in debt related investments, net of repayments. As of December 31, 2006, we had net investments of approximately $333.1 million, comprised of approximately (1) $256.6 million in real property, net of accumulated depreciation, (2) $48.2 million in real estate securities, net of dispositions, and (3) $28.3 million in debt related investments.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Interim Financial Statements
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial statements. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items necessary for their fair presentation in conformity with GAAP. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as
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of December 31, 2006 and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 23, 2007.
Principles of Consolidation
Due to the Company’s control of the Operating Partnership through its sole general partnership interest and the limited rights of the limited partners, the Operating Partnership is consolidated with the Company and limited partner interests are reflected as minority interest in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures through which we are the primary beneficiary under Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - An Interpretation of ARB No. 51 (“FIN No. 46(R)”), or through which we have a controlling interest. In determining whether the Company has a controlling interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, our management considers factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity in which it will absorb the majority of the entity’s expected losses, if they occur, or receive the majority of the expected residual returns, if they occur, or both.
Judgments made by management with respect to our level of influence or control of an entity and whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity as defined by FIN No. 46(R) involve consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, the size of our investment (including loans) and our ability to participate in major policy making decisions. Management’s ability to correctly assess its influence or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our condensed consolidated financial statements and, consequently, our financial position and specific items in our results of operations that are used by our stockholders, lenders and others in their evaluation of us.
Generally, we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities (as defined in FIN No. 46(R)) when we own, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity. Our analysis of whether we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities is performed pursuant to various accounting pronouncements including: (1) Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 04-5, Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights, (2) Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements and (3) AICPA Statement of Position 78-9, Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures.
Investments in Real Property
We capitalize direct costs associated with the acquisition, development or improvement of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor. Costs associated with the pursuit of acquisitions or developments are capitalized as incurred and, if the pursuit is abandoned, these costs are expensed in the period in which the pursuit is abandoned. Costs associated with the improvement of our real property assets are also capitalized as incurred. However, costs incurred for repairs and maintaining our real property which do not extend the life of our assets are expensed as incurred. The results of operations for acquired real property are included in our condensed consolidated statements of operations from their respective acquisition dates.
Upon acquisition, the total cost of a property is allocated to land, building, building improvements, tenant improvements and intangible lease assets and liabilities pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141”). The allocation of the total cost to land, building, building improvements and tenant improvements is based on our estimate of their as-if vacant fair value. The as-if vacant fair value is calculated by using all available information such as the replacement cost of such assets, appraisals, property condition reports, market data and other related information. Pursuant to SFAS No. 141, the difference between the fair value and the face value of debt assumed in an acquisition is recorded as a premium or discount and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt assumed. The valuation of assumed liabilities is based on the current market rate for similar liabilities. The allocation of the total cost of a property to an intangible lease asset includes the value associated with the in-place leases which may include lost rent, leasing commissions, legal and other costs. In addition, the allocation of the total cost of a property requires assigning costs to an intangible asset or liability based on the difference between the present value of the contractual amounts for in-place leases and the present value of fair market lease rates measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease as of the date of the acquisition.
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For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized upon acquisition gross additional intangible assets for acquired in-place leases, above market leases, and intangible liabilities for acquired below market leases, of approximately $92.9 million, $5.8 million and $21.7 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recognized upon acquisition gross additional intangible assets for acquired in-place leases, above market leases, and intangible liabilities for acquired below market leases, of approximately $31.3 million, $2.9 million, and $4.4 million, respectively.
Above market lease assets are amortized as a reduction in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term. Below market lease liabilities are amortized as an increase in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term. Intangible in-place lease assets are amortized over the average term of leases for a property. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company amortized approximately $5.4 million and $10.4 million of intangible in-place lease assets, respectively, $585,000 and $1.2 million of above market lease assets, respectively, and $902,000 and $1.5 million of below market lease liabilities, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company amortized approximately $394,000 and $402,000 of intangible in-place lease assets, respectively, $96,000 and $99,000 of above market lease assets, respectively, and $69,000 and $71,000 of below market lease liabilities, respectively. In addition, we allocate a portion of the purchase price to the estimated value of customer relationships, if any. As of September 30, 2007 and 2006, we had not recorded any estimated value to customer relationships.
We write off any remaining intangible asset or liability balances when a tenant terminates a lease before the stated lease expiration date. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we wrote off intangible in-place lease assets of approximately $116,000 and above market lease assets of approximately $10,000, due to the early termination of a lease. In connection with this early termination, we recognized a one-time gain of $300,000, which is included in rental revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. There were no write-offs due to the termination of leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Real property assets, including land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements, lease commissions, and intangible lease assets and liabilities are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as follows:
Description |
| Depreciable Life |
|
Land |
| Not depreciated |
|
Building |
| 40 years |
|
Building and land improvements |
| 20 years |
|
Tenant improvements |
| Over lease term |
|
Lease commissions |
| Over lease term |
|
Intangible in-place lease assets |
| Average term of leases for property |
|
Above/below market assets/liabilities |
| Over lease term |
|
Impairment — Investments in Real Property
We review our investments in real property individually on a quarterly basis to determine their appropriate classification, as well as whether there are indicators of impairment in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”). The investments in real property are either classified as held-for-sale or held and used based on outlined criteria in SFAS No. 144. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, all of our investments in real property have been analyzed and appropriately classified as held and used. These held and used assets are reviewed for indicators of impairment which may include, among others, the tenant’s inability to make rent payments, operating losses or negative operating trends at the property level, notification by a tenant that it will not renew its lease, a decision to dispose of a property or adverse changes in the fair value of any of our properties. If indicators of impairment exist on the held and used assets, we compare the future estimated undiscounted cash flows from the expected use of the property to its net book value to determine if impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is greater than the current net book value, in accordance with SFAS No. 144, we conclude no impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is lower than its current net book value, we recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the net book value of the property and its estimated fair value. If a property is classified as held-for-sale, we recognize an impairment loss if the current net book value of the property exceeds its fair value less selling costs. If our assumptions, projections or estimates regarding a property change in the future, we may have to record an impairment charge to reduce or further reduce the net book value of the property. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we did not record any impairment charges to our real properties.
9
Revenue Recognition - Real Property
We record rental revenue for the full term of each lease on a straight-line basis. Certain properties have leases that offer the customer a period of time where no rent is due or rent payments increase during the term of the lease. Accordingly, we record a receivable from tenants for rent that we expect to collect over the remaining lease term rather than currently, which is recorded as straight-line rents receivable. When we acquire a property, the term of existing leases is considered to commence as of the acquisition date for the purposes of this calculation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the total increase to rental revenue due to straight-line rent adjustments was approximately $816,000 and $1.5 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, the total increase to rental revenue due to straight-line rent adjustments was approximately $84,000 and $85,000, respectively.
Tenant recovery income includes payments from tenants for real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses and is recognized as rental revenue. Tenant recovery income recognized as rental revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, was approximately $4.7 million and $9.1 million, respectively. Tenant recovery income recognized as rental revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, was approximately $283,000 and $287,000, respectively.
In connection with real property acquisitions, we may acquire leases with rental rates above and/or below the market rental rates. Such differences are recorded as an intangible asset or liability pursuant to SFAS No. 141 and amortized to rental revenue over the life of the respective leases.
Investments in Real Estate Securities
Investments in real estate securities consist primarily of securities such as common equities, preferred equities, convertible preferred securities, CMBS, CDOs and other related securities types. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS No. 115”), requires the Company to classify its investments in real estate securities as either trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity investments. Although the Company generally intends to hold most of its investments in real estate securities until maturity, it may, from time to time sell any of these assets as part of its overall management of its portfolio. Accordingly, SFAS No. 115 requires the Company to classify all of its real estate securities assets as available-for-sale. All assets classified as available-for-sale are reported at estimated fair value based upon market prices from independent sources, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component within stockholders’ equity, referred to as other comprehensive income (loss).
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, all of the Company’s investments in real estate securities were classified as available-for-sale in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of each of these dates, the Company’s investments in real estate securities were comprised entirely of (1) preferred equity securities and (2) CMBS and CDOs.
Impairment – Investments in Real Estate Securities
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Staff Position No. 115-1/124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments (“FSP FAS No. 115-1/124-1”), we evaluate debt and equity securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than carrying value, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to hold an investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value. Unrealized losses on real estate securities that are considered other than temporary, as measured by the amount of decline in fair value attributable to other-than-temporary factors, are recognized in income and the cost basis of the real estate securities is adjusted. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, those debt and equity securities with losses were only temporary, and therefore no other-than-temporary impairment losses were recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue Recognition-Real Estate Securities
Discounts or premiums on our investments in securities are accreted into interest income on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon a comparison of actual and expected cash flows, through the expected maturity date (if any) of the securities. Depending on the nature of the investment, changes to expected cash flows may result in a prospective change to yield or a retrospective change which would include a catch up adjustment. Interest income with respect to non-discounted
10
securities or loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Upon settlement of securities, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of settlement.
Debt Related Investments
Debt related investments consist primarily of real estate related whole mortgage loans, participating mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt, bridge loans, and other debt related investment types. As of September 30, 2007, the Company’s debt related investments consisted of (1) a senior participating interest in one mortgage loan, (2) four B-notes and (3) one mezzanine loan. As of December 31, 2006, the Company’s debt related investments consisted of (1) a senior participating interest in one mortgage loan and (2) two B-notes. Debt related investments are considered held for investment, as the Company has both the intent and ability to hold these investments until maturity. Accordingly, these assets are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments, sales of partial interests in loans, and unfunded commitments unless such loans or investments are deemed to be impaired.
Impairment — Debt Related Investments
We review our debt related investments on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine if impairment exists in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan (“SFAS No. 114”). A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. When a loan is deemed impaired, the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, there was no impairment losses recognized for our debt related investments in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue Recognition-Debt Related Investments
Interest income on debt related investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on an accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. Anticipated exit fees, where collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Fees on commitments that expire unused are recognized at expiration. Fees received in exchange for the credit enhancement of another lender, either subordinate or senior to us, in the form of a guarantee are recognized over the term of that guarantee using the straight-line method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments such as money market mutual funds or investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we have not realized any losses in such cash accounts or investments and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists primarily of property-related escrow accounts, deposits related to potential future financing activities and cash held in operating accounts to which we have subordinate rights to another party. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we have not realized any losses in such restricted cash accounts or investments and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk.
Subscriptions Receivable
Subscriptions receivable consists of subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock through our public offering for which we had not yet received the cash proceeds as of the balance sheet date. The Company records subscriptions receivable in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 85-1, Classifying Notes Received for Capital Stock. All cash proceeds not collected as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were collected in the respective subsequent period.
11
Collectibility of Receivables
We evaluate the collectibility of our rent and other receivables on a regular basis based on factors including, among others, payment history, the financial strength of the tenant or borrower and any guarantors, the value of the underlying collateral, the operations and operating trends of the underlying collateral, if any, the asset type and current economic conditions. If our evaluation of these factors indicates we may not recover the full value of the receivable, we provide a reserve against the portion of the receivable that we estimate may not be recovered. This analysis requires us to determine whether there are factors indicating a receivable may not be fully collectible and to estimate the amount of the receivable that may not be collected. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we had allowances included in the caption other assets, net, of approximately $100,000 and $70,000, respectively. If our assumptions or estimates regarding the collectibility of a receivable change in the future, we may have to record allowances to reduce or further reduce the carrying value of the receivable.
Stock-Based Compensation
On January 12, 2006, the Company adopted a stock-based equity incentive plan (see Note 13). As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company had granted 45,000 options and 30,000 options, respectively, to its independent directors pursuant to the equity incentive plan. The Company accounts for its equity incentive plan under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) and its related interpretations. Options granted under our equity incentive plan are valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and are amortized to salary expense on a straight-line basis over the benefit period. Such expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as reported in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity consists of changes in the fair value of available-for-sale real estate securities investments and changes in the fair value of interest rate hedges.
Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Common Share
Basic net income (loss) per common share is determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share includes the effects of potentially issuable common stock, but only if dilutive, including the presumed exchange of OP Units.
Income Taxes
We qualified as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), as amended, beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006 when we filed our corporate tax return in September 2007. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income taxes on net income that we distribute to our stockholders. We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual distribution requirements. We believe we are organized and operate in such a manner and intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes. Our taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corporation, is subject to federal, state, and local taxes.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the periods they are determined to be necessary.
New Accounting Pronouncements
On July 13, 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”). This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements. FIN 48 also prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and derecognition, classification of interest and penalties, accounting in interim
12
periods, disclosure and transition. This interpretation is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 and it did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
3. INVESTMENTS IN REAL PROPERTY
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we acquired 42 real properties with a gross investment amount of approximately $861.8 million, comprising approximately 6.4 million net rentable square feet. These assets included (1) six office and office/R&D properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $136.8 million, comprising approximately 948,000 net rentable square feet, (2) nine industrial properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $154.8 million, comprising approximately 2.8 million net rentable square feet and (3) 27 retail properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $570.2 million, comprising approximately 2.6 million net rentable square feet. These properties were acquired using a combination of (1) net proceeds from our public and private offerings, (2) debt financings, (3) available cash, and (4) minority interest equity contributions. The results of operations for the acquired properties are included in our condensed consolidated statements of operations from the respective dates of acquisition.
The table below summarizes the Company’s investments in real property as of September 30, 2007 (amounts in thousands):
Real Property |
| Land |
| Building and |
| Intangible |
| Gross |
| Intangible |
| Total |
| ||||||
Total Office and Office/R&D Properties |
| $ | 72,388 |
| $ | 152,236 |
| $ | 43,421 |
| $ | 268,045 |
| $ | (2,836 | ) | $ | 265,209 |
|
Total Industrial Properties |
| 41,288 |
| 213,856 |
| 28,263 |
| 283,407 |
| (3,211 | ) | 280,196 |
| ||||||
Total Retail Properties |
| 175,704 |
| 334,565 |
| 59,977 |
| 570,246 |
| (20,101 | ) | 550,145 |
| ||||||
Total |
| $ | 289,380 |
| $ | 700,657 |
| $ | 131,661 |
| $ | 1,121,698 |
| $ | (26,148 | ) | $ | 1,095,550 |
|
Accumulated depreciation/amortization |
| — |
| (10,073 | ) | (13,017 | ) | (23,090 | ) | 1,721 |
| (21,369 | ) | ||||||
Total Net Book Value |
| $ | 289,380 |
| $ | 690,584 |
| $ | 118,644 |
| $ | 1,098,608 |
| $ | (24,427 | ) | $ | 1,074,181 |
|
4. INVESTMENTS IN REAL ESTATE SECURITIES
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company acquired real estate securities classified as available-for-sale through purchases in the open market with an aggregate cost of approximately $199.6 million. These purchases consisted of (1) preferred equity securities of various real estate operating companies and real estate investment trusts with an approximate cost of $82.6 million and (2) CMBS and CDOs with an approximate cost of $117.0 million. These assets were acquired using a combination of net proceeds from the Company’s public offering and available cash.
As of September 30, 2007, the fair market value of our real estate securities was approximately $206.6 million, consisting of a fair market value of approximately (1) $91.6 million for our investments in preferred equity securities and (2) $115.0 million for our investments in CMBS and CDOs. As of September 30, 2007, there was a net unrealized loss of approximately $40.2 million related to our real estate securities investments, which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity as other comprehensive income (loss), consisting of (1) an unrealized loss of approximately $11.1 million for our investments in preferred equity securities and (2) an unrealized loss of approximately $29.1 million for our CMBS and CDOs.
Our investments in CMBS and CDOs have contractual maturities ranging from 2016 through 2052.
5. DEBT RELATED INVESTMENTS
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company acquired approximately $87.1 million in debt related investments, and had a partial repayment of approximately $4.4 million on one of its B-notes and a full repayment of approximately $8.3 million on one of its senior participating interests in a mortgage loan. The debt related investments acquired included (1) investments in senior participating interests in mortgage loans of approximately $32.2 million, (2) investments in B-notes of approximately $35.0 million and (3) an investment in mezzanine debt of approximately $19.9
13
million. The Company acquired these investments at an aggregate net discount of approximately $77,000, which will be amortized to debt related income over the related term of the investments.
Under one of the loan agreements for the mortgage loans described above, the Company has a conditional obligation to fund additional aggregate borrowings of approximately $7.3 million over the terms of the respective loans.
6. MORTGAGE NOTES
The aggregate principal amount of mortgage notes as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, was approximately $671.7 million and $84.5 million, respectively. Mortgage notes were secured by real property with an aggregate net book value of approximately $998.2 million and $128.8 million as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. As of September 30, 2007, approximately $242.4 million of mortgage notes were subject to interest rates at spreads of 0.95% to 1.60% over one-month LIBOR, and approximately $429.3 million of mortgage notes were subject to fixed interest rates ranging from 5.25% to 7.90%. As of December 31, 2006, all mortgage notes were subject to fixed interest rates ranging from 5.60% to 6.05%. The weighted average interest rate for mortgage notes as of September 30, 2007 was 5.94%. All mortgage notes were payable monthly and were interest only as of September 30, 2007, with the exception of three mortgage notes, which were fully amortizing, and had outstanding balances as of September 30, 2007 totaling approximately $13.3 million. Mortgage notes outstanding as of September 30, 2007 had maturity dates ranging from June 2009 through September 2036.
7. MASTER REPURCHASE FACILITY
On October 26, 2006, the Company closed a master repurchase facility with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “REPO Facility”). The REPO Facility provided a borrowing capacity of $200 million with an initial maturity date of October 2007, subject to extension, with a final maturity date of October 2009. In addition, the Company entered into a guarantee agreement (the “Guarantee Agreement”) with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. on October 26, 2006 in connection with the REPO Facility.
On August 13, 2007, we gave notice to JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. of our intent to repay approximately $1.8 million in remaining outstanding borrowings under the REPO Facility, which we repaid on August 15, 2007. On August 17, 2007, we terminated the REPO Facility and the Guarantee Agreement. The Company did not incur any penalties in connection with the termination of the REPO Facility and the Guarantee Agreement.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we had incurred interest expense, including REPO Facility non-usage and exit fees and amortization of related loan costs, of approximately $544,000 and $1.0 million, respectively. All of the associated loan costs for the REPO Facility have been written off as of September 30, 2007, and are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations, as interest expense. The REPO Facility required interest at spreads of 0.05% to 2.15% over one-month LIBOR.
As of December 31, 2006, we had aggregate borrowings on the REPO Facility of approximately $10.9 million at a weighted average rate of LIBOR plus 0.68%. The one-month LIBOR as of December 31, 2006 was 5.32%. These transactions are presented as secured borrowing obligations under the caption of master repurchase facility in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2006, the carrying values of the real estate securities, debt related investments, and investments in real property pledged as collateral under the REPO Facility were approximately $3.0 million, $7.0 million, and $10.2 million, respectively.
8. SHORT TERM BORROWINGS
In July 2006, the Company established a securities margin account with an independent, third-party commercial lender intended to enable the Company to borrow funds for various purposes secured by the Company’s preferred equity securities (Note 4). Pursuant to this securities margin account, the Company has the capacity to borrow up to 65% of the market value of any eligible real estate security held in the account. As of September 30, 2007, $40 million was outstanding on the securities margin account. The borrowings were used for general corporate and investment purposes. Borrowings associated with this securities margin account are charged interest at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus 50 basis points. As of December 31, 2006, no amounts were outstanding on this securities margin account.
14
9. FINANCING OBLIGATIONS
The Operating Partnership is currently offering undivided tenancy-in-common interests in certain properties to accredited investors in a private placement exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which is included in financing obligations in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. We anticipate that these tenancy-in-common interests may serve as replacement properties for investors seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Code. Additionally, the tenancy-in-common interests sold to accredited investors will be 100% leased by the Operating Partnership. Additionally, the Operating Partnership will be given a purchase option giving it the right, but not the obligation, to acquire the tenancy-in-common interests from the investors at a later point in time in exchange for partnership units in the Operating Partnership under Section 721 of the Code (under a prior program administered by the Operating Partnership, such options were granted in the lease itself, and the Operating Partnership continues to hold these options as well).
The Operating Partnership will pay certain up-front fees and reimburse certain related expenses to our Advisor, the Dealer Manager and Dividend Capital Exchange Facilitators LLC (the “Facilitator”) for raising capital through the private placement. Our Advisor is obligated to pay all of the offering and marketing related costs associated with the private placement. However, the Operating Partnership is obligated to pay our Advisor a non-accountable expense allowance which equals 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through the private placement. In addition, the Operating Partnership is obligated to pay the Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of gross equity proceeds raised and a commission of up to 5% of gross equity proceeds raised through the private placement. The Dealer Manager may re-allow such commissions and a portion of such dealer manager fee to participating broker dealers. The Operating Partnership is also obligated to pay a transaction facilitation fee to the Facilitator, an affiliate of our Advisor, of up to 2.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through the private placement.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we raised approximately $53.3 million from the sale of undivided tenancy-in-common interests in five properties, which is included in financing obligations in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets pursuant to SFAS No. 98, Accounting for Leases (“SFAS No. 98”). We have leased the undivided interests sold to unrelated third parties, and in accordance with SFAS No. 98, rental payments made to third parties under the lease agreements are recognized as imputed interest expense using the interest method. In addition, the Operating Partnership is separately granted an option to purchase each undivided tenancy-in-common interest after a certain period of time in exchange for Operating Partnership units (under a prior program administered by the Operating Partnership, such options were granted in the lease itself, and the Operating Partnership continues to hold these options as well).
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded imputed interest expense related to the above financing obligations of approximately $1.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Additionally, we incurred approximately $1.3 million and $3.0 million of rental expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, under various lease agreements with these third-party investors. A portion of such amounts was accounted for as an increase of the principal outstanding balance of the financing obligations and a portion was accounted for as an increase to accrued interest in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The various lease agreements in place as of September 30, 2007 contain expiration dates ranging from April 2018 to March 2022.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Operating Partnership incurred upfront costs of approximately $1.8 million and $5.3 million, respectively, payable to our Advisor and other affiliates for effecting these transactions which are accounted for as deferred loan costs. Such deferred loan costs are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and amortized to interest expense over the life of the financing obligation. If the Operating Partnership elects to exercise any purchase option as described above and issue OP Units, the unamortized up-front fees and expense reimbursements paid to affiliates will be recorded against minority interest of the Operating Partnership as a selling cost of the OP Units. If the Operating Partnership does not elect to exercise any such purchase option, we will continue to account for these transactions as a financing obligation because we will continue to sublease 100% of the properties and will therefore not meet the definition of “active use” set forth in SFAS No. 98.
As of September 30, 2007, the Operating Partnership had not exercised any purchase options to buy any tenancy-in-common interests it had previously sold.
10. HEDGING ACTIVITIES
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company entered into a zero-cost collar to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates associated with the floating rate mortgage note entered into related to the acquisition of 40 Boulevard. At inception, the collar was not designated as part of a qualifying hedging relationship under the requirements of
15
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. As a result, a $115,000 unrealized loss, equaling the entire change in value of the collar, was recorded in other income and expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Accordingly, at September 30, 2007, the collar, with a negative fair value of $115,000, was included in other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company did not have any hedging activities prior to this transaction.
During April 2007, the Company entered into two, $50.0 million 90-day, forward-starting swaps to mitigate the effect on cash outflows attributable to changes in the 10-year LIBOR swap-rate related to the $110.0 million fixed-rate, mortgage note issued in conjunction with the acquisition of Beaver Creek, Centerton Square, and Mt. Nebo Pointe (the “DDR Portfolio”). These forward-starting interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges. These swaps were terminated in April 2007, when the Company entered into a rate-lock agreement with the lender. The hedge had a realized loss of approximately $241,000, which was recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. This amount is being amortized over the life of the note into interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations, and as of September 30, 2007, approximately $10,000 had been amortized.
During May 2007, the Company entered into a two-year, LIBOR-based, interest rate cap to protect against adverse changes in the LIBOR swap rate above the strike rate of the cap on the variable-rate mortgage note issued in conjunction with the acquisition of Fortune Concourse in May 2007. This interest rate cap is designated as a cash flow hedge. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an unrealized loss of approximately $5,000 related to this interest rate cap, which was recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity.
During July 2007, the Company entered into four, LIBOR-based, forward-starting swaps with maturities ranging from February 2018 to February 2019 in anticipation of expected future fixed-rate debt issuances of approximately $350.0 million. These swaps hedge against changes in the LIBOR forward curve between the trade date of the swaps and the issuance dates of the debt by locking in the interest component of the fixed-rate. All of these forward-starting interest rate swaps have been designated as cash flow hedges. As of September 30, 2007, the aggregate unrealized loss relating to these swaps was approximately $11.8 million, which was recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity.
During August 2007, the Company entered into a two-year, LIBOR-based, interest rate cap to protect against adverse changes in the LIBOR (as defined below) swap rate above the strike rate of the cap on the variable-rate mortgage note issued in conjunction with the acquisition of the New England Retail Portfolio in August 2007 for $194.0 million. This interest rate cap has been designated as a cash flow hedge. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an unrealized loss of approximately $32,000 related to this hedge, which was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity.
11. MINORITY INTERESTS
Minority interests consisted of the following as of September 30, 2007 (amounts in thousands):
|
| September 30, |
| |
Joint Venture Partnership Interests |
| $ | 18,904 |
|
OP Units |
| 122 |
| |
Special Units |
| 1 |
| |
Total |
| $ | 19,027 |
|
Joint Venture Partnership Interests
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company had entered into seven joint ventures that are consolidated by the Company in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company presents contributions, distributions and equity in earnings of the respective joint venture partners as minority interests. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006, joint venture partners had contributed approximately $23.8 million and $2.8 million, respectively, in equity to these joint ventures and had received distributions from these joint
16
ventures of approximately $14.6 million and $0, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, joint venture partners had collectively participated in approximately $304,000 and $431,000, respectively, in net losses of their respective joint ventures. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, joint venture partners had collectively participated in approximately $4,000 and $3,000, respectively, in losses of their respective joint ventures.
OP Units
On May 4, 2005, the Operating Partnership issued 20,000 OP Units to the Advisor in exchange for $200,000, representing an approximate 99.0% limited partnership interest.
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Operating Partnership was less than 0.1% owned by the Advisor and the parent of the Advisor and the remaining interests were owned by the Company. OP Units are redeemable at the option of the unit holder. The Operating Partnership has the option of redeeming the OP Units for cash or for shares of common stock, or a combination of both.
Operating Partnership Special Units
On May 4, 2005, the Operating Partnership issued 100 Special Units (see Note 15) to the parent of the Advisor for consideration of $1,000. The holder of the Special Units does not participate in the profits and losses of the Operating Partnership. Amounts distributable to the holder of the Special Units will depend on operations and the amount of net sales proceeds received from real property and real estate securities dispositions or upon other events. In general, after holders of OP Units, in aggregate, have received cumulative distributions equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions, the holder of the Special Units and the holders of OP Units will receive 15% and 85%, respectively, of the net sales proceeds received by the Operating Partnership upon the disposition of the Operating Partnership’s assets.
12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
On May 27, 2005, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC in connection with an initial public offering of our common stock. The registration statement was declared effective on January 27, 2006. Pursuant to the registration statement, we are offering for sale up to $2.0 billion in shares of common stock, 75% of which are being offered to stockholders at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which are being offered to participants in our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. We reserve the right to reallocate the shares between the primary offering and our distribution reinvestment plan. On June 11, 2007, we filed another registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC in connection with the proposed offering of up to $2.0 billion in shares of common stock, 75% of which we expect will be offered to stockholders at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which we expect will be offered to participants in our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the second registration statement has not been declared effective by the SEC.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 70.9 million shares of common stock were issued in connection with our initial public offering for net proceeds of approximately $642.9 million. The net proceeds from the sale of these shares were transferred to our Operating Partnership on a one-for-one basis for OP Units. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 142,000 shares of common stock were redeemed for approximately $1.3 million.
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by stockholders, including election of our directors. Our articles of incorporation do not provide for cumulative voting in the election of our directors. Therefore, the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect the entire board of directors.
Distributions
We accrue and pay distributions on a quarterly basis. Our board of directors declares the following quarter’s annualized distribution before the first day of the quarter. We calculate our distributions based upon daily record and distribution declaration dates so stockholders will be eligible to earn distributions immediately upon purchasing shares of our common stock or upon purchasing OP Units. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we accrued distributions at an
17
annualized amount per share of $0.60, which was paid on October 11, 2007. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, we accrued distributions at an annualized amount per share of $0.55, which was paid on October 13, 2006.
13. EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
We have adopted an equity incentive plan which we use to attract and retain qualified independent directors, employees, advisors and consultants providing services to us who are considered essential to our long-range success by offering these individuals an opportunity to participate in our growth through awards in the form of, or based on, our common stock. On April 3, 2006, each of our three independent directors was automatically granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares of our common stock under the equity incentive plan with an exercise price equal to $11.00 per share. These options vest 20% upon the grant date and 20% each year for the following four years.
In connection with the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, on August 27, 2007, each of our three independent directors was granted 5,000 shares of our common stock under the equity incentive plan with an exercise price equal to $11.00 per share. These options vest 100% two years after the grant date.
The equity incentive plan provides that no more than 5 million shares of our common stock will be available for issuance under the equity incentive plan. No more than 200,000 shares may be made subject to stock options and stock appreciation rights under the equity incentive plan to any individual in any calendar year, and no more than 200,000 may be made subject to awards other than stock options and stock appreciation rights under the equity incentive plan to any individual in any single calendar year. The term of these options shall not exceed the earlier of ten years from the date of grant, the date of removal for cause, or three months from the director’s resignation. The exercise price for options to be issued under the equity incentive plan shall be the greater of (1) $11.00 per share or (2) the fair market value of the shares on the date they are granted.
Options granted under our equity incentive plan are amortized to salary expense on a straight-line basis over the benefit period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we incurred approximately $7,000 of such expense, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2007, approximately $44,000 of such expense remained unrecognized, which reflects the unamortized portion of the value of such options issued pursuant to the equity incentive plan.
14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Our Advisor
Our day-to-day activities are managed by our Advisor, an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an Advisory Agreement. Our Advisor is considered to be a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of our Advisor serve as our executives. The responsibilities of our Advisor include the selection of our real property, real estate securities and debt related investments, the negotiations for these investments, the asset management of these investments and the selection of prospective joint venture partners.
We have entered into an Advisory Agreement with our Advisor pursuant to which we pay certain acquisition fees to the Advisor. For each real property acquired in the operating stage, the acquisition fee will be an amount equal to 1.0%. For each real property acquired prior to or during the development or construction stage, the acquisition fee will be an amount equal to up to 4.0% of the total project cost (which will be the amount actually paid or allocated to the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a property exclusive of acquisition fees and acquisition expenses). During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $3.6 million and $1.0 million in acquisition fees, respectively, which are accounted for as part of the historical cost of the acquired properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $10.3 million and $1.7 million in acquisition fees, respectively, which are accounted for as part of the historical cost of the acquired properties.
We also pay our Advisor an asset management fee in connection with the asset and portfolio management of real property, real estate securities and debt related investments. The Advisor’s asset management fee is payable as follows:
18
Prior to the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):
For Direct Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee will consist of (i) a monthly fee not to exceed one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of Direct Real Properties; and (ii) a monthly fee not to exceed 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Direct Real Properties; provided, however, that the aggregate monthly fee to be paid to the Advisor pursuant to these subclauses (i) and (ii) in aggregate shall not exceed one-twelfth of 0.75% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of all Direct Real Properties.
For Product Specialist Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee will consist of (i) a monthly fee not to exceed one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of Product Specialist Real Properties; and (ii) a monthly fee not to exceed 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Product Specialist Real Properties.
After the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):
For all real properties, the asset management fee will consist of: (i) a monthly fee not to exceed one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of all real property assets within our portfolio; and (ii) a monthly fee not to exceed 8.0% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all real property assets within our portfolio.
“Direct Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired directly by us without the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor.
“Dividend Coverage Ratio”: shall mean, as to any given fiscal quarter, the total amount of distributions made by us in that fiscal quarter divided by the aggregate funds from operations for that fiscal quarter.
“Dividend Coverage Ratio Date”: shall be the date on which our dividend coverage ratio has been less than or equal to 1.00 for two consecutive fiscal quarters.
“Product Specialist Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired by us pursuant to the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor pursuant to a contractual arrangement.
In addition, the asset management fee for all real property assets (acquired both prior to and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date) includes a fee of 1.0% of the sales price of individual real property assets upon disposition.
For securities and debt related assets, the asset management fee consists of a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 1.0% of the aggregate value of the securities and debt related assets within our portfolio.
For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $2.7 million and $203,000 in aggregate asset management fees, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $5.9 million and $223,000 in aggregate asset management fees, respectively.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, our Advisor is obligated to advance all of our organizational and offering costs subject to its right to be reimbursed for such costs by us in an amount up to 1.5% of the aggregate gross offering proceeds raised in our public offering of common stock. Such organizational and offering costs include, but are not limited to, actual legal, accounting, printing and other expenses attributable to preparing the SEC registration statements, qualification of the shares for sale in the states and filing fees incurred by our Advisor, as well as reimbursements for marketing, salaries and direct expenses of its employees while engaged in registering and marketing the shares, other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee.
Offering costs incurred in connection with the issuance of equity securities are deducted from stockholders’ equity, and organizational costs associated with the formation of the Company are expensed as incurred and are included as part of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our Advisor incurred reimbursable offering costs of approximately $9.5 million and $1.7 million, respectively. In aggregate, as of September 30, 2007, the Advisor had incurred reimbursable offering costs of approximately $20.6 million. As of September 30, 2007, we had incurred in aggregate, approximately $15.1 million in such reimbursable offering costs, which have been included as a reduction to additional paid-in
19
capital in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. As of September 30, 2007, of the $15.1 million in reimbursable offering costs we incurred, approximately $302,000 had not yet been reimbursed to the Advisor, which have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2006, of the $4.8 million in reimbursable offering costs we incurred, approximately $851,000 had not yet been reimbursed to the Advisor, which have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As of September 30, 2007, approximately $5.5 million of reimbursable offering costs incurred by the Advisor are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets of the Company, due to the fact that the Company is not obligated to reimburse these costs to the Advisor until the corresponding aggregate gross offering proceeds are raised in our public offering of common stock.
In addition to the reimbursement of organizational and offering costs, we are also obligated, subject to certain limitations, to reimburse our Advisor for certain other expenses incurred on our behalf for providing services contemplated in the Advisory Agreement, provided that the Advisor does not receive a specific fee for the activities which generate the expenses to be reimbursed. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we incurred approximately $411,000 and $106,000, respectively, of these expenses which we reimbursed to the Advisor. Such reimbursements are included as general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Dealer Manager
We have entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager pursuant to which we pay a dealer manager fee of up to 2.5% of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our initial public offering of common stock to the Dealer Manager as compensation for managing the offering. The Dealer Manager may re-allow a portion of such fees to broker-dealers who participate in the offering. We also pay up to a 6.0% sales commission of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our initial public offering of common stock. As of September 30, 2007, all sales commissions had been re-allowed to participating broker-dealers. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we incurred fees payable to the Dealer Manager of approximately $17.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively, for dealer manager fees and approximately $35.5 million and $5.1 million, respectively, for sales commissions. Such amounts are considered a cost of raising capital and as such are included as a reduction of additional paid-in capital in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. Of these costs, we accrued approximately $514,000 and $345,000 for dealer manager fees and $401,000 and $549,000 for sales commissions as of September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. These amounts are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as accounts payable and accrued expenses.
The Facilitator
The Facilitator is responsible for the facilitation of transactions associated with the Operating Partnership’s private placement. The Facilitator is considered a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of the Facilitator serve as our executives. We have entered into an agreement with the Facilitator whereby we pay a transaction facilitation fee associated with the Operating Partnership’s private placement. We pay the Facilitator up to 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through the Operating Partnership’s private placement for transaction facilitation. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we incurred approximately $800,000 for such fees payable to the Facilitator. In accordance with SFAS No. 98, these fees, as well as the other fees associated with the Operating Partnership’s private placement, are recorded as deferred loan costs and amortized over the life of the financing obligation. We did not incur any fees payable to the Facilitator during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Dividend Capital Investments LLC and DCT Industrial Trust Inc.
In addition to utilizing its own management team, the Advisor actively seeks to form strategic alliances with recognized leaders in the real estate and investment management industries. These alliances are intended to allow the Advisor to leverage the organizational infrastructure of experienced real estate developers, operators and investment managers and to potentially give us access to a greater number of real property and real estate securities investment opportunities. The use of product specialists or other service providers will not eliminate or reduce the Advisor’s fiduciary duty to the Company. The Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all of the matters entrusted to it under the Advisory Agreement.
The Advisor’s product specialists are and will be compensated through a combination of (a) reallowance of acquisition, disposition, asset management and/or other fees paid by us to the Advisor and (b) potential profit participation in connection
20
with specific portfolio asset(s) identified by them and invested in by us. We may also enter into joint ventures, partnerships or similar arrangements with the Advisor’s product specialists for the purpose of acquiring portfolio assets and, in such cases, the product specialists may or may not make an equity capital contribution to any such arrangement.
On June 12, 2006, our Advisor had entered into a product specialist agreement with Dividend Capital Investments LLC (“DCI”) in connection with investment management services related to our investments in real estate securities assets. Pursuant to this agreement, a portion of the asset management fee that our Advisor receives from us related to securities investments will be reallowed to DCI in exchange for services provided.
On September 1, 2006, our Advisor entered into a product specialist agreement with DCT Industrial Trust Inc. (“DCT”), previously known as Dividend Capital Trust Inc., in connection with acquisition and asset management services related to our industrial real property investments. Pursuant to this agreement, a portion of the acquisition and asset management fees that our Advisor receives from us related to specific industrial real property investments will be reallowed to DCT in exchange for services provided.
In addition, on September 1, 2006, the Company, through TRT Industrial Fund I LLC, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a joint venture agreement (“DCT Joint Venture I”) with DCT Industrial Fund II LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DCT, for the acquisition, operation and management of up to $150 million in industrial real property assets (the “Industrial Portfolio”). On March 26, 2007, we entered into an amendment to the DCT Joint Venture I. Pursuant to the terms of the amendment, the DCT Joint Venture I was amended to expand the total amount of industrial properties to be acquired under the agreement from its original amount of up to $150 million to a total amount of up to approximately $208.5 million.
The term of the DCT Joint Venture I is eight years and contains certain liquidation provisions, as well as certain termination rights should either of the parties fail to perform its obligations there under. In connection with the DCT Joint Venture I, the Company has granted to DCT, subject to certain exceptions, exclusivity rights that will generally restrict the Company from (a) pursuing similar agreements with other industrial operating partners within the United States during the term of the DCT Joint Venture I and (b) directly acquiring or developing industrial assets within the United States during the term of the DCT Joint Venture I.
The DCT Joint Venture I also contains provisions for entering into one additional joint venture agreement under similar terms for the calendar years 2007 and 2008.
On March 27, 2007, the Company, through TRT Industrial Fund II LLC, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a new joint venture (“DCT Joint Venture II”) with DCT Industrial Fund III LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DCT. The DCT Joint Venture II is intended to acquire up to approximately $175 million in industrial properties by December 31, 2007 and is subject to similar terms as the DCT Joint Venture I, as discussed above.
As of September 30, 2007, we had acquired 14 properties pursuant to the terms of the DCT Joint Venture I, eight of which were acquired by the DCT Joint Venture I, and six of which were acquired 100% by us pursuant to the terms of the DCT Joint Venture I. As of December 31, 2006, we had acquired ten properties pursuant to the DCT Joint Venture I, four of which were acquired by the joint venture between us and DCT, and six of which were acquired 100% by us. As of September 30, 2007, the DCT Joint Venture II had acquired five properties.
Acquisitions pursuant to the DCT Joint Venture I and the DCT Joint Venture II made during the nine months ended September 30, 2007, were generally funded from (1) equity contributions from the Company to the respective joint venture using proceeds from the Company’s public and private offerings (2) an equity contribution from DCT to the respective joint venture and (3) debt financing either assumed or issued by the respective joint venture. The purchase price of each asset in the Industrial Portfolio was subject to majority approval by the Company’s independent directors.
15. SPECIAL UNITS
Dividend Capital Total Advisors Group LLC, which is the parent of the Advisor, is the holder of the Special Units. As such, Dividend Capital Total Advisors Group LLC may be entitled to receive certain cash distributions so long as the Special Units remain outstanding, as well as a potential one-time payment, in the form of a promissory note, upon the redemption of the Special Units.
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So long as the Special Units remain outstanding, the holder of the Special Units will receive 15.0% of the net sales proceeds received by the Operating Partnership on dispositions of its assets and dispositions of real property held by joint ventures or partnerships in which the Operating Partnership owns an interest after the other holders of OP Units, including the Company, have received, in the aggregate, cumulative distributions from operating income, sales proceeds or other sources equal to our capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on the Company’s net contributions.
In addition, the Special Units will be redeemed by the Operating Partnership, resulting in a one-time payment, in the form of a promissory note, to the holder of the Special Units, upon the earliest to occur of the following events:
(1) The listing of the Company’s common stock on a national or other securities exchange or The Nasdaq National Market or the receipt by our stockholders of securities that are listed on a national securities exchange or the Nasdaq National Market in exchange for our common stock (“Listing Liquidity Event”); or
(2) The termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement (“Advisory Agreement Termination Event”), (a) for “cause,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, (b) in connection with a merger, sale of assets or transaction involving the Company pursuant to which a majority of the Company’s directors then in office are replaced or removed, (c) by the Advisor for “good reason,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, or (d) by the Company or the Operating Partnership other than for “cause.”
Upon a Listing Liquidity Event, the one-time cash payment to the holder of the Special Units will be the amount that would have been distributed with respect to the Special Units as described above if the Operating Partnership had distributed to the holders of OP Units upon liquidation an amount equal to the market value of the listed shares based upon the average closing price or, if the average closing price is not available, the average of bid and asked prices, for the 30 day period beginning 150 days after such Listing Liquidity Event. Upon an Advisory Agreement Termination Event (other than for “cause,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement), the one-time payment to the holder of the Special Units will be the amount that would have been distributed with respect to the Special Units as described above if the Operating Partnership sold all of its assets for their then fair market values (as determined by appraisal, except for cash and those assets which can be readily marked to market), paid all of its liabilities and distributed any remaining amount to the holders of OP Units in liquidation of the Operating Partnership. Upon an Advisory Agreement Termination Event for “cause,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, the one-time cash payment to the holder of the Special Units will be $1.
Upon a Listing Liquidity Event or an Advisory Agreement Termination Event (other than for “cause”), the one time payment to the holder of the Special Units will be made in the form of a non-interest bearing promissory note that will be repaid using the entire net proceeds from each sale of the Operating Partnership’s assets in connection with or following the occurrence of the particular event. Payments may not be made under a promissory note issued in connection with an Advisory Agreement Termination Event until either (a) the closing of asset sales that result in aggregate, cumulative distributions to the holders of the OP Units, including the Company, in an amount equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such net contributions or (b) a Listing Liquidity Event (each a “Subsequent Liquidity Event”). In addition, the amount of the promissory note issued in connection with an Advisory Agreement Termination Event will be subject to reduction as of the date of the Subsequent Liquidity Event by an amount that will ensure that, in connection with the Subsequent Liquidity Event, the holder of the promissory note does not receive in excess of 15% of the distributions that are made or are deemed to be made after holders of the OP Units, including the Company, have received or are deemed to have received aggregate, cumulative distributions equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on such net contributions.
Except as described above, the holder of the Special Units shall not be entitled to receive any redemption or other payment from the Company or the Operating Partnership including any participation in the quarterly distributions that the Company makes to its stockholders. In addition, it is possible that certain of the Company’s stockholders would receive more or less than the 6.5% cumulative non-compounded annual pre-tax return on net contributions described above prior to the commencement of distributions to the holder of the Special Units or the redemption of the Special Units.
16. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Reconciliations of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic net income per common share to the numerator and denominator used to calculate diluted net income per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 are as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
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|
| For the Three Months Ended |
| For the Nine Months Ended |
| ||||||||
|
| September 30, |
| September 30, |
| September 30, |
| September 30, |
| ||||
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||||
Net income |
| $ | 1,944 |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 9,586 |
| $ | 28 |
|
Minority interests share in net income (loss) |
| — |
| — |
| 2 |
| — |
| ||||
Net income before minority interests |
| $ | 1,944 |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 9,588 |
| $ | 28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding-basic |
| 97,051 |
| 7,657 |
| 77,572 |
| 3,333 |
| ||||
Incremental weighted average shares effect of conversion of OP units |
| 20 |
| 20 |
| 20 |
| 20 |
| ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted |
| 97,071 |
| 7,677 |
| 77,592 |
| 3,353 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net income per common share-basic |
| $ | 0.02 |
| $ | 0.01 |
| $ | 0.12 |
| $ | 0.01 |
|
Net income per common share-diluted |
| $ | 0.02 |
| $ | 0.01 |
| $ | 0.12 |
| $ | 0.01 |
|
17. INCOME TAXES
We are organized and operate in a manner to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Our REIT status became effective during September 2007, when we filed our corporate tax return for the taxable year ended December 31, 2006. In order for a former C corporation to elect to be a REIT, it must distribute 100% of its C corporation earnings and profits and agree to be subject to federal tax at the corporate level to the extent of any subsequently recognized built-in gains within a ten year period. We did not have any built-in gains at the time of our conversion to REIT status. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income taxation at the corporate level to the extent we distribute 100% of our REIT taxable income annually, as defined in the Code, to our stockholders and satisfy other requirements. To continue to qualify as a REIT for federal tax purposes, we must distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income annually. No material provisions have been made for federal income taxes in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of the January 1, 2007 adoption date or as of September 30, 2007. The Company expects no significant increases or decreases in unrecognized tax benefits due to changes in tax positions within one year of September 30, 2007. The Company has no interest or penalties relating to income taxes recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 or in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2007.
18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We and our Operating Partnership are not presently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or our investments, other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes the costs, if any, incurred by our Operating Partnership and us related to litigation will not materially affect our financial position, operating results or liquidity.
19. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of a Business Enterprise and Related Information (“SFAS No. 131”) establishes standards for the way that public entities report information about operating segments in their annual financial statements. We have the following business segments: (1) investments in real property, (2) investments in real estate securities, and (3) debt related investments. The following table sets forth components of net operating income (“NOI”) of our segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 (amounts in thousands):
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Three months ended September 30, 2007:
|
| Real Property |
| Real Estate Securities |
| Debt |
| Total |
| ||||
Revenue |
| $ | 22,643 |
| $ | 4,561 |
| $ | 2,569 |
| $ | 29,773 |
|
Gain on sale of securities |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| ||||
Operating expenses (1) |
| (5,846 | ) | — |
| — |
| (5,846 | ) | ||||
Asset management fees, related party (2) |
| (1,869 | ) | (535 | ) | (256 | ) | (2,660 | ) | ||||
Net operating income |
| $ | 14,928 |
| $ | 4,026 |
| $ | 2,313 |
| $ | 21,267 |
|
Nine months ended September 30, 2007:
|
| Real Property |
| Real Estate Securities |
| Debt |
| Total |
| ||||
Revenue |
| $ | 44,050 |
| $ | 10,425 |
| $ | 6,453 |
| $ | 60,928 |
|
Gain on sale of securities |
| — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| — |
| ||
Operating expenses (1) |
| (11,764 | ) | — |
| — |
| (11,764 | ) | ||||
Asset management fees, related party (2) |
| (3,753 | ) | (1,425 | ) | (673 | ) | (5,851 | ) | ||||
Net operating income |
| $ | 28,533 |
| $ | 9,000 |
| $ | 5,780 |
| $ | 43,313 |
|
Three months ended September 30, 2006:
|
| Real Property |
| Real Estate Securities |
| Debt |
| Total |
| ||||
Revenue |
| $ | 1,337 |
| $ | 305 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,642 |
|
Gain on sale of securities |
| — |
| 28 |
| — |
| 28 |
| ||||
Operating expenses (1) |
| (409 | ) | — |
| — |
| (409 | ) | ||||
Asset management fees, related party (2) |
| (143 | ) | (60 | ) | — |
| (203 | ) | ||||
Net operating income |
| $ | 785 |
| $ | 273 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,058 |
|
Nine months ended September 30, 2006:
|
| Real Property |
| Real Estate Securities |
| Debt |
| Total |
| ||||
Revenue |
| $ | 1,361 |
| $ | 305 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,666 |
|
Gain on sale of securities |
| — |
| 28 |
| — |
| 28 |
| ||||
Operating expenses (1) |
| (411 | ) | — |
| — |
| (411 | ) | ||||
Asset management fees, related party (2) |
| (163 | ) | (60 | ) | — |
| (223 | ) | ||||
Net operating income |
| $ | 787 |
| $ | 273 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,060 |
|
(1) Includes property operating expenses, and excludes depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense and interest expense.
(2) See Note 14 — Related Party Transactions for discussion of asset management fees paid to our Advisor.
We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental performance measure because NOI reflects the operating performance of our real properties, real estate securities, and debt related investments and excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of the property such as interest income, depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, interest expense and minority interests. However, NOI should not be viewed as an alternative measure of our financial performance as a whole, since it does exclude such items which could materially impact our results of operations. Further, our NOI may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies, as they may use different methodologies for calculating NOI. Therefore, we believe net income, as defined by GAAP, to be the
24
most appropriate measure to evaluate our overall financial performance. The following table is a reconciliation of our NOI to our reported net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 (amounts in thousands):
|
| For the Three |
| For the Nine |
| ||
|
| Months Ended |
| Months Ended |
| ||
|
| September 30, 2007 |
| September 30, 2007 |
| ||
Net operating income |
| $ | 21,267 |
| $ | 43,313 |
|
Interest income |
| 3,375 |
| 8,563 |
| ||
Depreciation and amortization |
| (9,815 | ) | (19,447 | ) | ||
General and administrative expenses |
| (1,236 | ) | (2,948 | ) | ||
Interest expense |
| (11,951 | ) | (20,323 | ) | ||
Minority interests |
| 304 |
| 428 |
| ||
Net income |
| $ | 1,944 |
| $ | 9,586 |
|
|
| For the Three |
| For the Nine |
| ||
|
| Months Ended |
| Months Ended |
| ||
|
| September 30, 2006 |
| September 30, 2006 |
| ||
Net operating income |
| $ | 1,058 |
| $ | 1,060 |
|
Interest income |
| 455 |
| 680 |
| ||
Depreciation and amortization |
| (554 | ) | (567 | ) | ||
General and administrative expenses |
| (366 | ) | (690 | ) | ||
Interest expense |
| (521 | ) | (521 | ) | ||
Minority interests |
| 3 |
| 66 |
| ||
Net income |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 28 |
|
The following table reflects our total assets by business segment as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 (amounts in thousands):
|
| As of September 30, |
| As of December 31, |
| ||
Segment assets: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Investments in real property, net |
| $ | 1,098,608 |
| $ | 256,631 |
|
Investments in real estate securities |
| 206,592 |
| 48,179 |
| ||
Debt related investments |
| 102,672 |
| 28,256 |
| ||
Total segment assets, net |
| $ | 1,407,872 |
| $ | 333,066 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Non-segment assets: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 289,569 |
| $ | 67,317 |
|
Other non-segment assets (1) |
| 42,112 |
| 52,588 |
| ||
Total assets |
| $ | 1,739,553 |
| $ | 452,971 |
|
(1) Other non-segment assets primarily consist of corporate assets including subscriptions receivable, certain loan costs, including loan costs associated with our financing obligations, deferred acquisition costs, and restricted cash.
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20. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Real Property Acquisitions
New England Retail Portfolio Acquisition (Second Closing Properties)
On October 18, 2007, we acquired the remaining three retail properties included in the New England Retail Portfolio, which are located in the Northeast Region of the United States.
The total acquisition cost of the three properties acquired on October 18, 2007 was approximately $47.3 million (consisting of an approximate $46.8 million purchase price and an additional approximate $461,000 relating to due diligence and other closing costs). The total acquisition cost was paid as follows: (i) proceeds from the Company’s public offering, (ii) available cash and (iii) the assumption of debt by the Company.
The aggregate amount of the debt assumed by the Company was $25.7 million with interest rates ranging from 5.24% to 6.76% and maturities ranging from October 2022 to December 2029.
Pursuant to an advisory agreement between the Company and the Advisor, upon closing on the three properties, the Company paid to the Advisor an acquisition fee in the amount of $468,000 (equal to 1% of the approximate $46.8 million purchase price). The Advisor will also receive an asset management fee consisting of a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 0.56% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) prior to the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined in Note 14). After the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date, the asset management fee will consist of: (i) a monthly fee not to exceed one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation); and (ii) a monthly fee not to exceed 8.0% of the aggregate monthly net operating income of the properties included in the New England Retail Portfolio.
Greenwood Center Acquisition
On October 29, 2007, we purchased Greenwood Center for a total acquisition cost of approximately $22.6 million (which excludes an acquisition fee of approximately $226,000 paid to the Advisor). The acquisition cost for Greenwood Center was funded by an equity contribution from us using proceeds from our public offerings and available cash.
Probable Westport Drive Industrial Building Acquisition
Pursuant to the terms of the amendment to the DCT Joint Venture II, we expect to acquire Westport Drive, an industrial property located in the Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania market, during January 2008 for a total purchase price of approximately $24.8 million (which excludes an expected acquisition fee of approximately $248,000 to be paid to the Advisor). A deposit of $500,000 was put into an escrow account in connection with the intended acquisition, which became non-refundable on October 12, 2007. This acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and there is no guarantee that we will be able to acquire this property per the terms described above or at all.
We expect to fund the Westport Drive acquisition pursuant to DCT Joint Venture II from (1) equity contributions from us to the respective joint venture using proceeds from the Company’s public offering and (2) equity contributions from DCT to the respective joint venture.
Probable 455 DeGuigne Road Office Building Acquisition
On October 12, 2007, a joint venture between a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours and Westcore Properties AC, LLC, which we refer to as DeGuigne Ventures, LLC, made a deposit of $250,000 into an escrow account in connection with the intended acquisition of a single tenant office building located in the Sunnyvale, California market, which we refer to as the 455 DeGuigne Road Office Building. The escrow account has been established pursuant to a purchase agreement entered into by and between DeGuigne Ventures, LLC and the seller. The deposited amount of $250,000 became non-refundable on November 9, 2007.
DeGuigne Ventures, LLC anticipates the closing of the 455 DeGuigne Road Office Building to occur in November 2007 for a total purchase price of approximately $18.3 million (which excludes an expected acquisition fee of approximately $183,000 to be paid to the Advisor). The acquisition cost for the 455 DeGuigne Road Office Building will be funded as follows: (i) an equity contribution from us using proceeds from our public and private offerings and available cash, (ii) an equity contribution from Westcore to DeGuigne Ventures, LLC and (iii) assumption of a secured fixed rate loan of approximately $9.0 million.
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There is no assurance that DeGuigne Ventures, LLC will be able to purchase the 455 DeGuigne Road Office Building for the terms set forth herein or at all.
Refinancing of Mortgage Note
On October 5, 2007, the Company refinanced the floating rate debt with LaSalle Bank to fixed rate debt for two of the properties included within the New England Retail Portfolio that we acquired on August 1, 2007. The aggregate loan amount released on the LaSalle Bank loans in connection with the refinancing of the debt on these two properties was approximately $34.4 million. The aggregate amount of the new fixed rate, interest only debt entered into on October 5, 2007, for these two properties was approximately $26.4 million at an interest rate of 6.33% with a maturity date of November 1, 2017.
Hedging Activity
On October 22, 2007, the Company partially terminated the two-year, LIBOR-based, interest rate cap for $194.0 million that was entered into in August 2007 in conjunction with the New England Retail Portfolio acquisition. The partial termination of approximately $34.4 million of the interest rate cap was done in connection with the refinancing of two of the New England Retail Portfolio properties from the LaSalle Bank loans that were entered into on August 1, 2007. As of a result of this transaction, the current notional amount of the interest rate cap is approximately $159.6 million, which corresponds to the aggregate remaining outstanding balance of the loans with LaSalle Bank financing the New England Retail Portfolio properties. The fees incurred in connection with the partial termination of the interest rate cap were nominal.
Partial Repayment of Mortgage Note
On November 9, 2007, the Company fully repaid the debt associated with two of the properties included in the LaSalle Bank loans for the New England Retail Portfolio. The principal amount of the mortgage note repaid was approximately $37.7 million.
Proceeds from Public Offering
As of October 31, 2007, we had approximately 107.9 million shares of our common stock outstanding held by a total of approximately 19,800 stockholders, and had received approximately $1.1 billion in gross proceeds from our public offering.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of December 31, 2006 and for the year then ended, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 23, 2007.
Forward-Looking Information
This report includes certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Such forward-looking statements relate to, without limitation, our future capital expenditures, distributions and acquisitions (including the amount and nature thereof), other development trends of the real estate industry, business strategies, and the expansion and growth of our operations. These statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” “continue,” or the negative of these words, or other similar words or terms. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
27
statements. Among the factors that may cause our results to vary are general economic and business (particularly real estate) conditions being less favorable than expected, the potential impact of terrorist attacks on the national, regional and local economies, the business opportunities that may be presented to and pursued by us, changes in laws or regulations (including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs), risk of acquisitions, availability and creditworthiness of prospective customers, availability of capital (debt and equity), interest rate fluctuations, competition, supply and demand for properties in our current and any proposed market areas, customers’ ability to pay rent at current or increased levels, accounting principles, policies and guidelines applicable to REITs, environmental, regulatory and/or safety requirements, customer bankruptcies and defaults, the availability and cost of comprehensive insurance, including coverage for terrorist acts, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Investors should also refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, filed with the SEC on March 23, 2007, and Part II—Other Information—Item 1A—”Risk Factors,” as updated under Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of risk factors that could lead to actual results materially different from those described in the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.
Overview
We were formed as a Maryland corporation on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments. Our operating segments include (1) direct investments in real property, consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily and other properties, primarily located in North America, (2) investments in real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, CMBS, CDOs and similar investments and (3) certain debt related investments, including mortgage notes secured by real estate, participations in mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt and other related investments. For a more detailed discussion of our operating segments, see Note 19 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
On January 27, 2006, we commenced an initial public offering of up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which are being offered at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which are being offered pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. On April 3, 2006, we satisfied the minimum offering requirements of our public offering. As of September 30, 2007, we had accepted subscriptions from approximately 19,000 stockholders, issued approximately 103.0 million shares of our common stock and received approximately $928.3 million in net proceeds, net of redemptions of common stock.
As of September 30, 2007, we had invested in 56 real properties at a total gross investment amount of approximately $1.1 billion, comprising approximately 9.6 million net rentable square feet. These assets included (1) ten office and office/R&D properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $268.0 million, comprising approximately 1.9 million net rentable square feet, (2) 19 industrial properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $283.4 million, comprising approximately 5.1 million net rentable square feet and (3) 27 retail properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $570.2 million, comprising approximately 2.6 million net rentable square feet. These properties are located in 19 distinct markets throughout the United States. These properties were acquired using a combination of (1) net proceeds from our public and private offerings, (2) debt financings, (3) available cash and (4) minority interest equity contributions.
As of September 30, 2007, we had invested in various real estate securities, net of dispositions, at a total approximate cost of $246.8 million, including (1) preferred equity securities of various real estate operating companies and real estate investment trusts primarily in the retail, office, multifamily, lodging and diversified real estate sectors with an approximate cost of $102.7 million and (2) CMBS and CDOs with an approximate cost of $144.1 million. The total cost of these purchases was paid using a combination of (1) net proceeds from the Company’s public and private offerings, (2) borrowings from our REPO Facility and (3) available cash.
As of September 30, 2007, we had acquired approximately $115.4 million in debt related investments, and had received repayments of approximately $12.7 million. These debt related investments, net of repayments, included (1) an investment in a senior participating interest in one mortgage loan of approximately $30.8 million, (2) investments in four B-notes of approximately $51.9 million and (3) an investment in mezzanine debt of approximately $20.0 million.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Significant Sources of Capital
The following discussion describes our significant sources of capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We did not commence formal business operations until the acquisition of our first real property on June 28, 2006. We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, and proceeds from our public and private offerings will be sufficient to satisfy our financial requirements for the next twelve months.
Public Offering
On May 27, 2005, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC in connection with an initial public offering of our common stock. The registration statement was declared effective on January 27, 2006. Pursuant to the registration statement, we are offering for sale up to $2.0 billion in shares of common stock, 75% of which are being offered to stockholders at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which are being offered to participants in our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. On June 11, 2007, we filed another registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC in connection with the proposed offering of up to $2.0 billion in shares of common stock, 75% of which we expect will be offered to stockholders at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which we expect will be offered to participants in our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the registration statement has not been declared effective by the SEC.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 70.9 million shares of common stock were issued and approximately 142,000 shares were redeemed, in connection with the initial public offering. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we raised proceeds of approximately $642.9 million and redeemed approximately $1.3 million. The net proceeds from the sale of these shares were transferred to our Operating Partnership on a one-for-one basis for OP Units.
Debt Financings
Mortgage Notes—During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we obtained aggregate mortgage debt financing in the amount of approximately $587.3 million; all of these mortgage notes had interest only terms, with the exception of three mortgage notes, which were fully amortizing. We incurred interest expense, including the amortization of related loan costs, of approximately $12.1 million and $20.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. For a summary of these mortgage debt financings and their related terms, see Note 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Master Repurchase Facility (the “REPO Facility”)—On October 26, 2006, we closed a master repurchase facility with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. The REPO Facility provided a borrowing capacity of $200 million with an initial maturity during October 2007, subject to extension, with a final maturity date during October 2009. In addition, the Company entered into a guarantee agreement (the “Guarantee Agreement”) with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. on October 26, 2006 in connection with the REPO Facility.
On August 13, 2007, we gave notice to JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. of our intent to repay approximately $1.8 million in remaining outstanding borrowings under the REPO Facility, which we repaid with cash on hand on August 15, 2007. On August 17, 2007, we terminated the REPO Facility and the Guarantee Agreement. We did not incur any penalties in connection with the termination of the REPO Facility and Guarantee Agreement.
Short Term Borrowings—During July 2006, we established a securities margin account with an independent, third-party commercial lender to enable us to borrow funds for various purposes secured by our preferred securities investments. Pursuant to this securities margin account, we have the capacity to borrow up to 65% of the market value of any eligible real estate security held in the account. On July 30, 2007, we borrowed $40 million, which was outstanding as of September 30, 2007. The borrowings were used for general corporate and investment purposes.
The U.S. credit markets have recently experienced significant dislocations and liquidity disruptions which have caused the spreads on prospective debt financings to widen considerably. We currently do not have any prospective real property, securities or debt related acquisitions for which we are committed that are either dependent upon receiving debt financing or for which the rates have not already been fixed. However, continued turmoil in the credit markets may negatively impact our ability to access additional debt financing at reasonable terms, which may negatively affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make acquisitions. Due to the recent market events, many of our securities investments which we may use in the future as collateral for prospective borrowings are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden developments, which could lower their values. This reduction in value could subsequently result in the potential reduced ability or the inability to leverage these assets.
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The Operating Partnership’s Private Placement
The Operating Partnership is currently offering undivided tenancy-in-common interests in our properties to accredited investors in a private placement exempt from registration under the Securities Act. We anticipate that these tenancy-in-common interests may serve as replacement properties for stockholders seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Code. Additionally, the tenancy-in-common interests sold to stockholders are 100% leased by the Operating Partnership. Additionally, the Operating Partnership will be given a purchase option giving it the right to acquire the tenancy-in-common interests from the stockholders commencing at the beginning of the 24th month and terminating at the end of the 36th month of the closing of the sale of tenancy-in-common interests, in exchange for OP units under Section 721 of the Internal Revenue Code (under a prior program administered by the Operating Partnership, the purchase options commenced at the beginning of the 15th month and terminating at the end of the 24th month of the lease, and the Operating Partnership continues to hold these options as well). During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we raised approximately $53.3 million pursuant to our Operating Partnership’s private placement.
Minority Interest Contributions
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our joint venture partners contributed approximately $23.8 million in equity capital to our consolidated joint ventures in connection with the acquisition of certain of our real properties.
Cash Flow from Operations
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our cash provided by operating activities was approximately $18.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively.
Significant Uses of Capital
The following discussion describes our significant uses of capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We did not commence formal business operations until the acquisition of our first real property on June 28, 2006.
Real Property Acquisitions
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we acquired 42 real properties with a gross investment amount of approximately $861.8 million, comprising approximately 6.4 million net rentable square feet. These assets included (1) six office and office/R&D properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $136.8 million, comprising approximately 948,000 net rentable square feet, (2) nine industrial properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $154.8 million, comprising approximately 2.8 million net rentable square feet and (3) 27 retail properties with a total gross investment amount of approximately $570.2 million, comprising approximately 2.6 million net rentable square feet. These properties were acquired using a combination of (1) net proceeds from our public and private offerings, (2) debt financings, (3) available cash and (4) minority interest equity contributions. The results of operations for the acquired properties are included in our condensed consolidated statements of operations from the respective dates of acquisition.
Real Estate Securities Acquisitions
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company acquired real estate securities classified as available-for-sale through purchases in the open market with an aggregate cost of approximately $199.6 million. These purchases consisted of (1) preferred equity securities of various real estate operating companies and real estate investment trusts with an approximate cost of $82.6 million and (2) CMBS and CDOs with an approximate cost of $117.0 million. These purchases were paid using net proceeds from the Company’s public offering.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, spreads in the U.S. credit markets widened, which caused us to recognize unrealized losses related to our real estate securities investments. As of September 30, 2007, there was a net unrealized loss of approximately $40.2 million related to our real estate securities investments, which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity as other comprehensive income (loss), consisting of (1) an unrealized loss of approximately $11.1 million for our investments in preferred equity securities and (2) an unrealized loss of approximately $29.1 million for our CMBS and CDOs. We believe that one of the key drivers for the widening credit spreads and resulting net unrealized losses on these investments has been the recent significant dislocation and liquidity disruption in the sub-prime residential mortgage market.
30
We have not invested in any real estate securities, including CMBS and CDOs, which contain assets that could be classified as sub-prime residential mortgages. As such, we currently do not have direct exposure to the sub-prime residential lending market and we are not currently aware of any material deterioration in the performance of the underlying loans that comprise our CMBS and CDO assets. As of the date of this report, the aggregate of our CMBS and CDO securities assets represents less than 10% of our total assets. However, the values of many of the securities that we hold are sensitive to the volatility of the credit markets, and many of our securities may be adversely affected by future developments. In addition, to the extent that turmoil in the credit market continues and/or intensifies, it may have the potential to materially affect both the value of our securities portfolio and/or the availability or the terms of financing that we may anticipate utilizing in order to leverage our securities portfolio.
If we were forced to liquidate our securities portfolio into the current market, we could experience significant losses on these investments. However, we currently have the intention and the ability to hold our real estate securities assets to maturity, although from time to time we may sell any of these assets as part of our overall management of the investment portfolio.
The recent market volatility has also made the valuation of certain of our securities assets more difficult, particularly our CMBS and CDO assets. Management’s estimate of the value of these investments incorporates a combination of independent pricing agency and third-party dealer valuations, as well as comparable sales transactions. However, the methodologies that we use in valuing individual investments are generally based on a variety of estimates and assumptions specific to the particular investments, and therefore actual results related to the investments often vary materially from such estimates and assumptions.
Because there is significant uncertainty in the valuation of, or in the stability of the value of, certain of our securities holdings, the fair value estimates of such investments as reflected in our results of operations may not reflect the prices that we would obtain if such investments were actually sold. Furthermore, due to the recent market events, many of our investments are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden developments which could have a material adverse affect on the value of these investments.
We currently do not know the full extent to which the recent U.S. credit markets disruption will affect us. However, we currently do not expect the market developments of which we are aware to have a materially negative impact on our business or our results of operations. Based upon our available cash balances and outstanding borrowings, we believe we have sufficient liquidity to hold our real estate securities assets to maturity, and we are not dependent upon selling these investments in order to fund our operations or to meet our existing debt service requirements. Moreover, these market developments may produce a number of attractive investment opportunities for us in the future.
Debt Related Investments
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company acquired approximately $87.1 million in debt related investments, and had a partial repayment of approximately $4.4 million on one of its B-notes and a full repayment of approximately $8.3 million on one of its mortgage loans. The debt related investments acquired included (1) investments in mortgage loans of approximately $32.2 million, (2) investments in B-notes of approximately $35.0 million and (3) an investment in mezzanine debt of approximately $19.9 million. The Company acquired these investments at a net discount of approximately $77,000, which will be amortized to debt related income over the related term of the investments. There was no debt related investment activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Debt Service Requirements
As of September 30, 2007, we had total outstanding debt and short-term borrowings of approximately $711.7 million. These borrowings consisted of (1) approximately $671.7 million in secured, non-recourse mortgage notes and (2) approximately $40.0 million in borrowings using our securities margin account. In addition, we had financing obligations of approximately $92.4 million related to the Operating Partnership’s private placement. All of our borrowings require monthly payments of interest only, with the exception of three mortgage notes, which were fully amortizing and had an aggregate outstanding balance as of September 30, 2007 of approximately $13.3 million. Currently, our cash flows from operations are sufficient to satisfy these monthly debt service requirements and financing obligations and we anticipate that cash flows from operations will continue to be sufficient to satisfy our regular monthly debt service and quarterly financing obligation lease payments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our interest expense was approximately $20.3 million, including accrued interest of approximately $4.3 million, non-usage fees under our terminated REPO Facility and the
31
amortization of deferred loan costs. As of September 30, 2006, we had total outstanding debt of approximately $48.0 million, and interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 totaled approximately $522,000.
Distributions
The payment of distributions is determined by our board of directors and may be adjusted at its discretion at any time. Distribution levels are set by our board of directors at a level it believes to be appropriate and sustainable based upon a review of a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the evaluation of existing assets within our portfolio, anticipated acquisitions, projected levels of additional capital to be raised, debt to be incurred in the future and the anticipated results of operations. In June 2007, our board of directors set the distribution level at an annualized $0.60 per share or OP Unit for the quarter ended September 30, 2007.
The total amount of distributions for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was approximately $34.8 million and was satisfied by two sources: (1) a cash distribution to stockholders of approximately $14.1 million and (2) a common stock issuance of approximately $20.7 million pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.
We funded our distributions for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 of $34.8 million from a combination of (1) funds from operations of approximately $27.4 million and (2) short-term borrowings using our securities margin account and borrowings under our terminated REPO Facility of approximately $7.4 million. Our long-term strategy is to fund the payment of distributions entirely from funds from operations.
Results of Operations
Summary
As a result of the acquisition of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments discussed previously, and based on the fact that we did not formally commence business operations until June 2006, the results of our operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 reflect significant increases compared with our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2007 compared to Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2006
Rental Revenue
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned rental revenue of approximately $44.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively. This increase of approximately $42.7 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
Securities Income
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned income from investments in real estate securities of approximately $10.4 million and $305,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, this income was derived from dividend income earned on preferred equity securities and interest earned on CMBS and CDOs of approximately $4.2 million and $6.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, this income was derived from dividend income earned on preferred equity securities.
Debt Related Income
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we earned income from debt related investments of approximately $6.5 million. We earned approximately $3.1 million from our investments in four B-notes, $2 million from our investments in senior participating interests in two mortgage loans, and $1.4 million from our investment in a mezzanine loan. We did not have any income from debt related investments during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
32
Rental Expense
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we incurred rental expense of approximately $11.8 million and $411,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $11.4 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
Depreciation and Amortization
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized depreciation and amortization expense of approximately $19.4 million and $567,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $18.8 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
General and Administrative Expenses
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recorded general and administrative expenses of approximately $2.9 million and $690,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $2.2 million is primarily attributable to increased general corporate expenses as a result of our growth.
Asset Management Fees, Related Party
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our Advisor earned approximately $5.9 million in asset management fees, which was comprised of (1) real property asset management fees of approximately $3.8 million, (2) real estate securities asset management fees of approximately $1.4 million and (3) debt related asset management fees of approximately $673,000. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $223,000, which was comprised of (1) real property asset management fees of approximately $164,000, (2) real estate securities asset management fees of approximately $54,000 and (3) debt related asset management fees of approximately $5,000.
For a detailed discussion of the asset management fees we pay to our Advisor, see Note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Interest Income
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned interest income of approximately $8.6 million and $680,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $7.9 million is attributable to increased cash balances, that are primarily a result of net proceeds from our public and private offerings, being held in interest bearing bank accounts and money market mutual funds.
Interest Expense
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we incurred interest expense of approximately $20.3 million. Interest expense resulted primarily from approximately (1) $15.4 million related to the issuance of mortgage notes associated with our real property acquisitions, (2) $3.5 million for imputed interest expense on financing obligations associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement, (3) $1.0 million for borrowings on our terminated REPO Facility and (4) $363,000 for short term borrowings associated with our securities margin account. Interest expense incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was approximately $521,000, and resulted from the issuance of mortgage notes associated with the acquisition of two real properties during the period.
Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2007 compared to Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2006
Rental Revenue
During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned rental revenue of approximately $22.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively. This increase of approximately $21.3 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
Securities Income
For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned income from investments in real estate securities of approximately $4.6 million and $305,000, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2007, this
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income was derived from dividend income earned on preferred equity securities and interest earned on CMBS and CDOs of approximately $2 million and $2.6 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2006, income from investments in real estate securities was derived from dividend income earned on preferred equity securities.
Debt Related Income
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, we earned income from debt related investments of approximately $2.6 million. We earned approximately $1.2 million from our investments in four B-Notes, $816,000 from our investments in senior participating interests in two mortgage loans, and $539,000 from our investment in a mezzanine loan.
Rental Expense
During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we incurred rental expense of approximately $5.8 million and $409,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $5.4 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
Depreciation and Amortization
During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized depreciation and amortization expense of approximately $9.8 million and $554,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $9.2 million is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 53 real properties from October 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007.
General and Administrative Expenses
During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized general and administrative expenses of approximately $1.2 million and $366,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $830,000 is primarily attributable to increased general corporate expenses as a result of our growth.
Asset Management Fees, Related Party
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, our Advisor earned approximately $2.7 million in asset management fees, which was comprised of (1) real property asset management fees of approximately $1.9 million, (2) real estate securities asset management fees of approximately $535,000 and (3) debt related asset management fees of approximately $256,000. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, our Advisor earned approximately $203,000, which was comprised of (1) real property asset management fees of approximately $148,000, (2) real estate securities asset management fees of approximately $50,000 and (3) debt related asset management fees of approximately $5,000.
For a detailed discussion of the asset management fees we pay to our Advisor, see Note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Interest Income
During the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we earned interest income of approximately $3.4 million and $455,000, respectively. This increase of approximately $2.9 million is attributable to increased cash balances, that are primarily a result of net proceeds from our public and private offerings, being held in interest bearing bank accounts and money market mutual funds.
Interest Expense
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we incurred interest expense of approximately $12.0 million. Interest expense resulted primarily from approximately (1) $9.4 million related to the issuance of mortgage notes associated with our real property acquisitions, (2) $1.7 million for imputed interest expense on financing obligations associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement, (3) $544,000 for borrowings on our terminated REPO Facility and (4) $363,000 for short term borrowings associated with our securities margin account. Interest expense incurred during the three months ended September 30, 2006 was approximately $521,000, and resulted from the issuance of mortgage notes associated with the acquisition of two real properties during the period.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Supplemental Earnings Measures
Funds from Operations
We believe that net income, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure. However, we consider funds from operations, or FFO, as defined by NAREIT, to be a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance. FFO is defined as net income, calculated in accordance with GAAP, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization, less gains (or losses) from dispositions of real estate held for investment purposes and adjustments to derive our pro rata share of FFO of consolidated and unconsolidated joint ventures. We consider FFO to be a useful measure for reviewing our comparative operating and financial performance because, by excluding all operating real estate depreciation and amortization and gains or losses related to sales of previously depreciated operating real estate, FFO can help the investing public compare the operating performance of a company’s real estate between periods or to other companies. The following table presents the calculation of our FFO reconciled from net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (amounts in thousands, except per share information):
Calculation of Funds from Operations
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| Nine months ended |
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| September 30, |
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| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
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Reconciliation to Funds from Operations: |
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Net Income |
| $ | 1,944 |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 9,586 |
| $ | 28 |
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Add: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
| 9,815 |
| 554 |
| 19,447 |
| 567 |
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Minority interest share of net income (loss) |
| (304 | ) | (3 | ) | (428 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||
Less: |
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FFO attributable to minority interest |
| (434 | ) | (14 | ) | (1,196 | ) | 48 |
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FFO attributable to common stock |
| $ | 11,021 |
| $ | 612 |
| $ | 27,409 |
| $ | 577 |
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FFO per share - basic |
| $ | 0.11 |
| $ | 0.08 |
| $ | 0.35 |
| $ | 0.17 |
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FFO per share - diluted |
| $ | 0.11 |
| $ | 0.08 |
| $ | 0.35 |
| $ | 0.17 |
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Subsequent Events
See subsequent events discussion in Note 20 in our condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Inflation
The real estate market has not been affected significantly by inflation in the past several years due to the relatively low inflation rate. With the exception of leases with tenants in multifamily properties, we expect to include provisions in the majority of our tenant leases designed to protect us from the impact of inflation. These provisions will include reimbursement billings for operating expense pass-through charges, real estate tax and insurance reimbursements, or in some cases, annual
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reimbursement of operating expenses above a certain allowance. Due to the generally long-term nature of these leases, annual rent increases may not be sufficient to cover inflation and rent may be below market. Leases in multifamily properties generally turn over on an annual basis and do not typically present the same issue regarding inflation protection due to their short-term nature.
Critical Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as set forth in Item 7. to Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 23, 2007.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We may be exposed to interest rate changes primarily as a result of short-and long-term debt used to maintain liquidity, fund capital expenditures and expand our investment portfolio and operations. We will seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs. We may use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets. Also, we will be exposed to both credit risk and market risk.
Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty will owe us, which creates credit risk for us. If the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we will owe the counterparty and, therefore, do not have credit risk. We will seek to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties.
Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of a financial instrument that results from a change in interest rates. The market risk associated with interest-rate contracts is managed by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken. With regard to variable rate financing, the Advisor will assess our interest rate cash flow risk by continually identifying and monitoring changes in interest rate exposures that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities.
The Advisor maintains risk management control systems to monitor interest rate cash flow risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations as well as our potential offsetting hedge positions. While this hedging strategy is designed to minimize the impact on our net income and funds from operations from changes in interest rates, the overall returns on our investments may be reduced. Our board of directors has established policies and procedures regarding our use of derivative financial instruments for hedging or other purposes.
As of September 30, 2007, derivatives with an aggregate negative fair value of $12.0 million were included in other liabilities and derivatives with an aggregate positive fair value of $17,000 were included in other assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, a loss of $88,000 and $115,000, respectively, was recorded as a result of a collar hedge that was not designated as part of a qualifying hedging relationship under the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. See Note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the direction of our President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer), we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and on a timely basis. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that our disclosure controls and procedures will detect or uncover every situation involving failure of persons within Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. or its affiliates to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our periodic reports. Based on this evaluation, our President and Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.
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We are not aware of any material pending legal proceedings.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS AND OUR CORPORATE STRUCTURE
If we are delayed or unable to find suitable investments, we may not be able to achieve our investment objectives and make distributions to our stockholders.
We could suffer from delays in identifying suitable investments. Because we are conducting our public offering on a “best efforts” basis over time, our ability to commit to purchase specific assets will also depend, in part, on the amount of proceeds we have received at a given time. If we are delayed or unable to find suitable investments, we may not be able to achieve our investment objectives or make distributions to our stockholders.
Our board of directors determines our major policies and operations which increases the uncertainties faced by our stockholders.
Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding acquisitions, dispositions, financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification, redemptions and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the stockholders. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter, our stockholders have a right to vote only on limited matters. Our board’s broad discretion in setting policies and our stockholders’ inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks our stockholders face, especially if our board of directors and our stockholders disagree as to what course of action is in the best interest of stockholders.
The availability and timing of cash distributions to our stockholders is uncertain.
We expect to make quarterly distributions to our stockholders. However, we bear all expenses incurred in our operations, which are deducted from cash funds generated by operations prior to computing the amount of cash distributions to our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such funds for working capital. We cannot assure our stockholders that sufficient cash will be available to make distributions to our stockholders or that the amount of distributions will increase over time. Should we fail for any reason to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, we would not qualify for the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs.
We are uncertain of our sources for funding our future capital needs; if we cannot obtain debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, our ability to acquire new real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments to expand our operations will be adversely affected.
The net proceeds from our public offering will be used for investments in real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments, operating expenses and for payment of various fees and expenses such as acquisition fees, asset management fees and property management fees. We do not anticipate that we will maintain any permanent working capital reserves. Accordingly, in the event that we develop a need for additional capital in the future for acquisitions, the improvement of our real properties or for any other reason, these sources of funding may not be available to us. Consequently, if we cannot obtain debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, our ability to acquire new real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments to expand our operations will be adversely affected. As a result, we would be less able to achieve portfolio diversification and our investment objectives, which may negatively impact our results of operations and reduce our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Maryland law and our organizational documents limit our stockholders’ right to bring claims against our officers and directors.
Maryland law provides that a director will not have any liability as a director so long as he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interest, and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. In addition, our charter provides that, subject to the
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applicable limitations set forth therein or under Maryland law, no director or officer will be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages. Our charter also provides that we will generally indemnify our directors, our officers, our Advisor and its affiliates for losses they may incur by reason of their service in those capacities unless their act or omission was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, they actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or, in the case of any criminal proceeding, they had reasonable cause to believe the act or omission was unlawful. Moreover, we may enter into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and some of our executive officers. As a result, we and our stockholders may have more limited rights against these persons than might otherwise exist under common law. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by these persons in some cases. However, our charter does provide that we may not indemnify or hold harmless our directors, our Advisor and its affiliates unless they have determined that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests, they were acting on our behalf or performing services for us, the liability was not the result of negligence or misconduct by our non-independent directors, our Advisors and its affiliates or gross negligence or willful misconduct by our independent directors, and the indemnification is recoverable only out of our net assets or the proceeds of insurance and not from the stockholders.
The limit on the percentage of shares of our common stock that any person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination that may have benefited our stockholders.
Our charter restricts the direct or indirect ownership by one person or entity to no more than 9.8% of the value of our then outstanding capital stock (which includes common stock and any preferred stock we may issue) and no more than 9.8% of the value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our then outstanding common stock. This restriction may discourage a change of control of us and may deter individuals or entities from making tender offers for shares of our common stock on terms that might be financially attractive to stockholders or which may cause a change in our management. This ownership restriction may also prohibit business combinations that would have otherwise been approved by our board and stockholders. In addition to deterring potential transactions that may be favorable to our stockholders, these provisions may also decrease our stockholders’ ability to sell their shares of our common stock.
We may issue preferred stock or other classes of common stock, which issuance could adversely affect the holders of our common stock issued pursuant to our public offering.
Investors in our public offering do not have preemptive rights to any shares issued by us in the future. We may issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock or other classes of common stock with rights that could dilute the value of our stockholders’ shares of common stock. This would increase the number of stockholders entitled to distributions without simultaneously increasing the size of our asset base. Our charter authorizes us to issue 1,200,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 1,000,000,000 shares of capital stock are designated as common stock and 200,000,000 shares of capital stock are designated as preferred stock. Our board of directors may increase the aggregate number of authorized shares of capital stock or the number of authorized shares of capital stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. If we ever created and issued preferred stock with a distribution preference over common stock, payment of any distribution preferences of outstanding preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of distributions on our common stock. Further, holders of preferred stock are normally entitled to receive a preference payment in the event we liquidate, dissolve or wind up before any payment is made to our common stockholders, likely reducing the amount common stockholders would otherwise receive upon such an occurrence. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of preferred stock or a separate class or series of common stock may render more difficult or tend to discourage:
• A merger, offer or proxy contest;
• The assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities; and/or
• The removal of incumbent management.
We may acquire co-ownership interests in real property that are subject to certain co-ownership agreements which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, relative to if the co-ownership agreements did not exist.
We may acquire co-ownership interests, especially in connection with the Operating Partnership’s intended private placements, such as tenancy-in-common interests in real property, which are subject to certain co-ownership agreements. The co-ownership agreements may limit our ability to encumber, lease, or dispose of our co-ownership interest. Such agreements could affect our ability to turn our investments into cash and could affect cash available for distributions to our stockholders. The
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co-ownership agreements could also impair our ability to take actions that would otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders and, therefore, may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, relative to if the co-ownership agreements did not exist.
Our UPREIT structure may result in potential conflicts of interest with limited partners in the Operating Partnership whose interests may not be aligned with those of our stockholders.
Limited partners in the Operating Partnership have the right to vote on certain amendments to the Operating Partnership Agreement, as well as on certain other matters. Persons holding such voting rights may exercise them in a manner that conflicts with the interests of our stockholders. As general partner of the Operating Partnership, we are obligated to act in a manner that is in the best interest of all partners of the Operating Partnership. Circumstances may arise in the future when the interests of limited partners in the Operating Partnership may conflict with the interests of our stockholders. These conflicts may be resolved in a manner stockholders do not believe are in their best interest.
The Operating Partnership’s private placements of tenancy-in-common interests in real properties could subject us to liabilities from litigation or otherwise.
The Operating Partnership offers undivided tenancy-in-common interests in real properties to accredited investors in private placements exempt from registration under the Securities Act. We anticipate that these tenancy-in-common interests may serve as replacement properties for investors seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Code. Additionally, any tenancy-in-common interests sold to investors pursuant to such private placements would be 100% leased by the Operating Partnership. Additionally, the Operating Partnership will be given a purchase option giving it the right to acquire the tenancy-in-common interests from the investors at a later time in exchange for OP Units under Section 721 of the Code (under a prior program administered by the Operating Partnership, such options were granted in the lease itself, and the Operating Partnership continues to hold these options as well). Investors who acquire tenancy-in-common interests pursuant to such private placements may do so seeking certain tax benefits that depend on the interpretation of, and compliance with, extremely technical tax laws and regulations. As the general partner of the Operating Partnership, we may become subject to liability, from litigation or otherwise, as a result of such transactions, including in the event an investor fails to qualify for any desired tax benefits.
RISKS RELATED TO THE ADVISOR AND AFFILIATES
We depend on the Advisor and its key personnel and if any of such key personnel were to cease employment with the Advisor, our business could suffer.
Our ability to make distributions and achieve our investment objectives is dependent upon the performance of the Advisor in the acquisition, disposition and management of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments, the selection of tenants for our real properties and the determination of any financing arrangements. In addition, our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of certain of the Advisor’s key personnel, including John E. Biallas, Troy J. Bloom, John A. Blumberg, John R. Chambers, Thomas I. Florence, James R. Giuliano III, Andrea L. Karp, Michael J. Kelly, Karen B. Kulvin, Gregory M. Moran, Glenn R. Mueller, Ph.D., Gary M. Reiff, Sonya J. Rosenbach, Joshua J. Widoff and Evan H. Zucker, each of whom would be difficult to replace. We currently do not have key man life insurance on any of the Advisor’s key personnel. If the Advisor were to lose the benefit of the experience, efforts and abilities of one or more of these individuals, our operating results could suffer.
Our Advisor’s product specialists may recommend that we enter into transactions with entities that have a relationship or affiliation with them, and our stockholders will not be able to assess the Advisor’s product specialists’ qualifications when deciding whether to make an investment in shares of our common stock.
The Advisor utilizes third party product specialists to assist the Advisor in fulfilling its responsibilities. The strategic alliances between the Advisor and the product specialists provide, in accordance with industry standards, that the product specialists must adhere to a standard of care of commercial reasonableness when performing services on our behalf. The Advisor’s product specialists generally do not owe fiduciary duties to us and may have time constraints and other conflicts of interest due to relationships or affiliations they have with other entities. As a result, these product specialists may recommend that we enter into transactions with such entities, in which case we will not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. Our stockholders will not be able to assess the qualifications of the Advisor’s product specialists when deciding whether to make an investment in shares of our common stock. Therefore, our
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stockholders may not be able to determine whether the Advisor’s product specialists are sufficiently qualified or otherwise desirable to work with.
Certain of the Advisor’s management personnel and potential product specialists face conflicts of interest relating to time management and there can be no assurance that the Advisor’s affiliates will devote adequate time to our business activities or that the Advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.
Certain of the Advisor’s management personnel and potential product specialists may also provide services to other Dividend Capital affiliated entities and, in the case of the potential product specialists, to unrelated third parties. We are not able to estimate the amount of time that such management personnel and potential product specialists will devote to our business. As a result, certain of the Advisor’s management personnel and potential product specialists may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between our business and their other activities. During times of significant activity in other programs and ventures, the time they devote to our business may decline and be less than we would require. We expect that as our real estate activities expand, in addition to the product specialists it will retain, the Advisor will attempt to hire additional employees who would devote substantially all their time to our business. However, there can be no assurance that the Advisor’s affiliates will devote adequate time to our business activities or that the Advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.
We may compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities and DCT Industrial Trust for opportunities to acquire or sell investments, which may have an adverse impact on our operations.
We may compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities and DCT Industrial Trust for opportunities to acquire or sell certain types of real properties. We may also buy or sell real properties at the same time as other Dividend Capital affiliated entities and DCT Industrial Trust are buying or selling properties. In this regard, there is a risk that the Advisor will purchase a real property that provides lower returns to us than a real property purchased by another Dividend Capital affiliated entity or DCT Industrial Trust. Certain of our affiliates own and/or manage real properties in geographical areas in which we expect to own real properties. Therefore, our real properties may compete for tenants with other real properties owned and/or managed by other Dividend Capital affiliated entities or DCT Industrial Trust. The Advisor may face conflicts of interest when evaluating tenant leasing opportunities for our real properties and other real properties owned and/or managed by Dividend Capital affiliated entities or DCT Industrial Trust and these conflicts of interest may have a negative impact on our ability to attract and retain tenants.
We may also compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities for opportunities to acquire or sell certain types of real estate securities. Dividend Capital Investments acts as one of the Advisor’s product specialists with respect to our investments in real estate securities. Dividend Capital Investments is also the investment manager for two additional Dividend Capital affiliated entities, and certain non-affiliated entities, which invest in the same type of securities as those in which we intend to invest.
As a result of our potential competition with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities or DCT Industrial Trust, certain investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us may not in fact be available. This competition may also result in conflicts of interest that are not resolved in our favor.
The time and resources that Dividend Capital affiliated entities devote to us may be diverted and we may face additional competition due to the fact that Dividend Capital affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another entity that makes the same types of investments that we target.
Dividend Capital affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another investment entity that makes the same types of investments as those we target. As a result, the time and resources they could devote to us may be diverted. For example, the Dealer Manager is currently involved in offerings for other Dividend Capital affiliated entities. In addition, we may compete with any such investment entity for the same investors and investment opportunities. We may also co-invest with any such investment entity. Even though all such co-investments will be subject to approval by our independent directors, they could be on terms not as favorable to us as those we could achieve co-investing with a third party.
The Advisor and its affiliates, including our officers and some of our directors, face conflicts of interest caused by compensation arrangements with us and other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, which could result in actions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders.
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The Advisor and its affiliates receive substantial fees from us in return for their services and these fees could influence the Advisor’s advice to us. Among other matters, the compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:
• Public offerings of equity by us, which allow the Dealer Manager to earn additional dealer manager fees and the Advisor to earn increased acquisition fees and asset management fees;
• Property sales, which allow the Advisor to earn additional asset management fees and possibly additional real estate sales commissions; and
• Property acquisitions from other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, which may allow the Advisor or its affiliates to earn additional acquisition fees and asset management fees.
Further, our Advisor may recommend that we invest in a particular asset or pay a higher purchase price for the asset than it would otherwise recommend if it did not receive an acquisition fee. Certain potential acquisition fees and asset management fees paid to the Advisor and management and leasing fees paid to the Property Manager would be paid irrespective of the quality of the underlying real estate or property management services during the term of the related agreement. As a component of the asset management fee, our Advisor is also entitled to a monthly net operating income-based fee and a fee equal to a percentage of the sales price of a property upon its sale. These fees may incentivize the Advisor to recommend the sale of a property or properties that may not be in our best interest at the time. Investments with higher net operating income growth potential are generally riskier or more speculative. In addition, the premature sale of an asset may add concentration risk to the portfolio or may be at a price lower than if we held on to the property. Moreover, the Advisor has considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of acquisition, disposition and leasing transactions. In evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to earn these fees may lead the Advisor to place undue emphasis on criteria relating to its compensation at the expense of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher short-term compensation. Considerations relating to our affiliates’ compensation from us and other Dividend Capital affiliated entities could result in decisions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders, which could hurt our ability to pay our stockholders distributions or result in a decline in the value of their investment.
The Advisor may have conflicting fiduciary obligations if we acquire properties with its affiliates or other related entities; as a result, in any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
The Advisor may cause us to acquire an interest in a property from its affiliates or DCT Industrial Trust or through a joint venture with its affiliates or DCT Industrial Trust or to dispose of an interest in a property to its affiliates or DCT Industrial Trust. In these circumstances, the Advisor will have a conflict of interest when fulfilling its fiduciary obligation to us. In any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
The fees we pay to affiliates in connection with our public offering and in connection with the acquisition and management of our investments were not determined on an arm’s length basis and therefore we do not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
Assuming we raise $2,000,000,000 in gross offering proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock (including $1,500,000,000 pursuant to the primary offering and $500,000,000 pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan), we will pay an aggregate of up to approximately 7.8% of the gross offering proceeds (approximately $155,000,000) in fees, commissions and offering expense reimbursement to the Advisor, the Dealer Manager and other of our affiliates in exchange for their services and to reimburse funds advanced on our behalf. Substantially all of the sales commissions (up to $90,000,000) are expected to be reallowed to third party broker dealers participating in the offering. The fees to be paid to the Advisor, the Dealer Manager and other affiliates for services they provide us were not determined on an arm’s length basis. As a result, the fees have been determined without the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
We may purchase real estate assets from third parties who have existing or previous business relationships with affiliates or other related entities of the Advisor; as a result, in any such transaction, we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
We may purchase assets from third parties that have existing or previous business relationships with affiliates of the Advisor. DCT Industrial Trust, Dividend Capital Investments, the officers, directors or employees of such entities and the
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principals of the Advisor who also perform services for other Dividend Capital affiliated entities or DCT Industrial Trust may have a conflict in representing our interests in these transactions on the one hand and the interests of such affiliates in preserving or furthering their respective relationships on the other hand. In any such transaction, we will not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.
RISKS RELATED TO INVESTMENTS IN REAL PROPERTY
Changes in global, national, regional or local economic, demographic, or real estate market conditions may adversely affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
We are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of real property including changes in global, national, regional or local economic, demographic or real estate market conditions. We are unable to predict future changes in national, regional or local economic, demographic or real estate market conditions. For example, a recession or rise in interest rates could make it more difficult for us to lease real properties or dispose of them. In addition, rising interest rates could also make alternative interest bearing and other investments more attractive and therefore potentially lower the relative value of our existing real estate investments. Furthermore, it has been well publicized that the U.S. credit markets have recently experienced significant dislocations and liquidity disruptions. To the extent that these conditions persist and/or deteriorate, it may negatively impact the financial condition of the tenants that occupy our real properties, and, as a result, their ability to pay us rents. These conditions, or others we cannot predict, may adversely affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
Changes in supply of or demand for similar real properties in a particular area may increase the price of real property assets we seek to purchase.
The real estate industry is subject to market forces and we are unable to predict certain market changes including changes in supply of or demand for similar real properties in a particular area. For example, if demand for the types of real property assets in which we seek to invest were to sharply increase or supply of those assets were to sharply decrease, the prices of those assets could rise significantly. Any potential purchase of an overpriced asset could decrease our rate of return on these investments and result in lower operating results and overall returns to our stockholders.
Our operating expenses may increase in the future and to the extent such increases cannot be passed on to tenants, our cash flow and our operating results would decrease.
Operating expenses, such as expenses for fuel, utilities, labor and insurance, are not fixed and may increase in the future. There is no guarantee that we will be able to pass such increases on to tenants. To the extent such increases cannot be passed on to tenants, any such increase would cause our cash flow and our operating results to decrease.
A real property that incurs a vacancy could be difficult to sell or re-lease.
A real property may incur a vacancy either by the continued default of a tenant under its lease or the expiration of one of our leases. In addition, certain of the real properties we acquire may have some level of vacancy at the time of closing. Certain other real properties may be specifically suited to the particular needs of a tenant and may become vacant. Therefore, we may have difficulty obtaining a new tenant for any vacant space we have in our real properties. If the vacancy continues for a long period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues resulting in lower cash distributions to stockholders. In addition, the resale value of the real property could be diminished because the market value may depend principally upon the value of the leases of such real property.
We are dependent on tenants for revenue and our inability to lease our real properties or to collect rent from our tenants may adversely affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
Certain of our real properties may be occupied by a single tenant. As a result, the success of those real properties will depend on the financial stability of a single tenant. Lease payment defaults by such tenants could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions to stockholders and could force us to find an alternative source of revenue to pay any mortgage loan on the real property. In the event of such a tenant default, we may also experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-letting our real property. If a lease is terminated, we may be unable to lease the real property for the rent previously received or sell the real property without incurring a loss.
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We may not have funding for future tenant improvements which may adversely affect the value of our assets, our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
When a tenant at one of our real properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract one or more new tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds to construct new tenant improvements in the vacated space. Substantially all of the net proceeds from our public offering will be invested in real properties and real estate securities, and we do not anticipate that we will maintain permanent working capital reserves. We do not currently have an identified funding source to provide funds which may be required in the future for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments in order to attract new tenants. If we do not establish sufficient reserves for working capital or obtain adequate secured financing to supply necessary funds for capital improvements or similar expenses, we may be required to defer necessary or desirable improvements to our real properties. If we defer such improvements, the applicable real properties may decline in value, and it may be more difficult for us to attract or retain tenants to such real properties or the amount of rent we can charge at such real properties may decrease. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will have any sources of funding available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged real property in the future.
Our real properties are subject to property taxes that may increase in the future, which could adversely affect our cash flow.
Our real properties are subject to real and personal property taxes that may increase as tax rates change and as the real properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Certain of our leases provide that the property taxes, or increases therein, are charged to the lessees as an expense related to the real properties that they occupy while other leases will generally provide that we are responsible for such taxes. In any case, as the owner of the properties, we are ultimately responsible for payment of the taxes to the applicable government authority(ies). If real property taxes increase, our tenants may be unable to make the required tax payments, ultimately requiring us to pay the taxes even if otherwise stated under the terms of the lease. If we fail to pay any such taxes, the applicable taxing authority may place a lien on the real property and the real property may be subject to a tax sale. In addition, we will generally be responsible for real property taxes related to any vacant space.
Uninsured losses or premiums for insurance coverage relating to real property may adversely affect our stockholders’ returns.
We attempt to adequately insure all of our real properties against casualty losses. There are types of losses, generally catastrophic in nature, such as losses due to wars, acts of terrorism, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution or environmental matters that are uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments. Risks associated with potential terrorism acts could sharply increase the premiums we pay for coverage against property and casualty claims. Additionally, mortgage lenders sometimes require commercial property owners to purchase specific coverage against terrorism as a condition for providing mortgage loans. These policies may not be available at a reasonable cost, if at all, which could inhibit our ability to finance or refinance our real properties. In such instances, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses. Changes in the cost or availability of insurance could expose us to uninsured casualty losses. In the event that any of our real properties incurs a casualty loss which is not fully covered by insurance, the value of our assets will be reduced by any such uninsured loss. In addition, we cannot assure our stockholders that funding will be available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged real property in the future.
We compete with numerous other parties or entities for real property investments and tenants and may not compete successfully.
We compete with numerous other persons or entities seeking to buy real property assets or to attract tenants to real properties we already own. These persons or entities may have greater experience and financial strength. There is no assurance that we will be able to acquire real property assets or attract tenants on favorable terms, if at all. For example, our competitors may be willing to offer space at rental rates below our rates, causing us to lose existing or potential tenants and pressuring us to reduce our rental rates to retain existing tenants or convince new tenants to lease space at our properties. Each of these factors could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, value of our investments and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
Delays in the acquisition, development and construction of real properties may have adverse effects on our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.
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Delays we encounter in the selection, acquisition and development of real properties could adversely affect our stockholders’ returns. Where properties are acquired prior to the start of construction or during the early stages of construction, it will typically take several months to complete construction and rent available space. Therefore, our stockholders could suffer delays in the distribution of cash distributions attributable to those particular real properties. Delays in completion of construction could give tenants the right to terminate preconstruction leases for space at a newly developed project. We may incur additional risks when we make periodic progress payments or other advances to builders prior to completion of construction. Each of those factors could result in increased costs of a project or loss of our investment. In addition, we will be subject to normal lease-up risks relating to newly constructed projects. Furthermore, the price we agree to for a real property will be based on our projections of rental income and expenses and estimates of the fair market value of real property upon completion of construction. If our projections are inaccurate, we may pay too much for a property.
Actions of joint venture partners could negatively impact our performance.
We enter into joint ventures with third parties, including with entities that are affiliated with the Advisor. We may also purchase and develop properties in joint ventures or in partnerships, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements with the sellers of the properties, affiliates of the sellers, developers or other persons. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with a direct investment in real estate, including, for example:
• The possibility that our venture partner, co-tenant or partner in an investment might become bankrupt;
• That such venture partner, co-tenant or partner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals which are or which become inconsistent with our business interests or goals; or
• That such venture partner, co-tenant or partner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives.
Actions by such a joint venture partner or co-tenant might have the result of subjecting the property to liabilities in excess of those contemplated and may have the effect of reducing our stockholders’ returns.
Under certain joint venture arrangements, neither venture partner may have the power to control the venture, and an impasse could be reached, which might have a negative influence on the joint venture and decrease potential returns to our stockholders. In the event that a venture partner has a right of first refusal to buy out the other partner, it may be unable to finance such buy-out at that time. It may also be difficult for us to sell our interest in any such joint venture or partnership or as a co-tenant in a particular property. In addition, to the extent that our venture partner or co-tenant is an affiliate of the Advisor, certain conflicts of interest will exist.
Costs of complying with governmental laws and regulations related to environmental protection and human health and safety may be high.
All real property investments and the operations conducted in connection with such investments are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on customers, owners or operators for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal.
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removing or remediating hazardous or toxic substances on such real property. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, the presence of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell, rent or pledge such real property as collateral for future borrowings. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which real property may be used or businesses may be operated. Some of these laws and regulations have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards as of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require us to incur material expenditures. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenants’ operations, the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our real properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our real properties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply, and which may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. In connection with the acquisition and
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ownership of our real properties, we may be exposed to such costs in connection with such regulations. The cost of defending against environmental claims, of any damages or fines we must pay, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements or of remediating any contaminated real property could materially and adversely affect our business, lower the value of our assets or results of operations and, consequently, lower the amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
The costs associated with complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act may reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Investment in real properties may also be subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended. Under this act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The act has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities” that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The act’s requirements could require us to remove access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. We will attempt to acquire properties that comply with the act or place the burden on the seller or other third party, such as a tenant, to ensure compliance with the act. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner. Any monies we use to comply with the act will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Real properties are illiquid investments and we may be unable to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions or sell a property if or when we decide to do so.
Real properties are illiquid investments and we may be unable to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. In addition, the real estate market is affected by many factors, such as general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and other factors, including supply and demand, that are beyond our control. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any real property for the price or on the terms set by us, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. We cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a real property. Also, we may acquire real properties that are subject to contractual “lock-out” provisions that could restrict our ability to dispose of the real property for a period of time.
We may be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make improvements before a property can be sold. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will have funds available to correct such defects or to make such improvements.
In acquiring a real property, we may agree to restrictions that prohibit the sale of that real property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that real property. Our real properties may also be subject to resale restrictions. All these provisions would restrict our ability to sell a property.
Real property investments made outside of the United States will be subject to currency rate exposure and risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets.
We may invest in Canada and Mexico, and potentially elsewhere on a limited basis, to the extent that opportunities exist that may help us meet our investment objectives. To the extent that we invest in real property located outside of the United States, in addition to risks inherent in the investment in real estate generally discussed in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007, we will also be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets including, but not limited to, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, political and economic instability in certain geographic locations, difficulties in managing international operations, potentially adverse tax consequences, additional accounting and control expenses and the administrative burden associated with complying with a wide variety of foreign laws. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely impact the fair values and earnings streams of our international holdings and therefore the returns on our non-dollar denominated investments. To the extent that we make real property investments outside of the United States, our principal currency exposures are expected be to the Mexican Peso and the Canadian Dollar, although to the extent that we make investments in other foreign countries we would be subject to additional currency exposure. Although we may hedge our foreign currency risk subject to the REIT income qualification tests, we may not be able to do so successfully and may incur losses on these investments as a result of exchange rate fluctuations.
RISKS RELATED TO INVESTMENTS IN REAL ESTATE SECURITIES AND DEBT RELATED INVESTMENTS
Our investments in real estate common equity securities will be subject to specific risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities and may be subject to the general risks of investing in subordinated real estate securities.
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We may invest in real estate common equity securities of both publicly traded and private real estate companies. Investments in real estate common equity securities will involve special risks relating to the particular issuer of the equity securities, including the financial condition and business outlook of the issuer. Issuers of real estate common equity securities generally invest in real estate or real estate related assets and are subject to the inherent risks associated with real estate related investments discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including risks relating to rising interest rates.
Real estate common equity securities are generally unsecured and may also be subordinated to other obligations of the issuer. As a result, investments in real estate common equity securities are subject to risks of (i) limited liquidity in the secondary trading market, (ii) substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing interest rates, (iii) subordination to the prior claims of banks and other senior lenders to the issuer, (iv) the operation of mandatory sinking fund or call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that could cause the issuer to reinvest redemption proceeds in lower yielding assets, (v) the possibility that earnings of the issuer may be insufficient to meet its debt service and distribution obligations and (vi) the declining creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn. These risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding real estate common equity securities and the ability of the issuers thereof to repay principal and interest or make distribution payments.
Our investments in real estate preferred equity securities involve a greater risk of loss than traditional debt financing.
We invest in real estate preferred equity securities, which involve a higher degree of risk than traditional debt financing due to a variety of factors, including that such investments are subordinate to traditional loans and are not secured by property underlying the investment. Furthermore, should the issuer default on our investment, we would only be able to proceed against the entity in which we have an interest, and not the property owned by such entity and underlying our investment. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment.
The mortgage loans in which we invest and the mortgage loans underlying the mortgage backed securities in which we invest will be subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us.
Commercial mortgage loans are secured by multifamily or other types of commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure and risks of loss that are greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single family residential property. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by a property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income producing property can be affected by, among other things: tenant mix, success of tenant businesses, property management decisions, property location and condition, competition from comparable types of properties, changes in laws that increase operating expense or limit rents that may be charged, any need to address environmental contamination at the property, the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the property, changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, declines in regional or local real estate values, declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to our stockholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process which could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
The CMBS and CDOs in which we invest are subject to several types of risks.
CMBS are bonds which evidence interests in, or are secured by, a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of commercial mortgage loans. CDOs are a type of collateralized debt obligation that is backed by commercial real estate assets, such as CMBS, commercial mortgage loans, B-notes, or mezzanine paper. Accordingly, the mortgage backed securities we invest in are subject to all the risks of the underlying mortgage loans.
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In a rising interest rate environment, the value of CMBS and CDOs may be adversely affected when payments on underlying mortgages do not occur as anticipated, resulting in the extension of the security’s effective maturity and the related increase in interest rate sensitivity of a longer-term instrument. The value of CMBS and CDOs may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes adversely affecting the mortgage securities markets as a whole. In addition, CMBS and CDOs are subject to the credit risk associated with the performance of the underlying mortgage properties. In certain instances, third party guarantees or other forms of credit support can reduce the credit risk.
CMBS and CDOs are also subject to several risks created through the securitization process. Subordinate CMBS and CDOs are paid interest only to the extent that there are funds available to make payments. To the extent the collateral pool includes a large percentage of delinquent loans, there is a risk that interest payment on subordinate CMBS and CDOs will not be fully paid. Subordinate securities of CMBS and CDOs are also subject to greater credit risk than those CMBS and CDOs that are more highly rated.
The mezzanine loans in which we invest would involve greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by income-producing real properties.
We may invest in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by second mortgages on the underlying real property or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of either the entity owning the real property or the entity that owns the interest in the entity owning the real property. These types of investments involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage lending secured by income producing real property because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.
We may make investments in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities, which will be subject to currency rate exposure and risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets.
Some of our real estate securities investments may be denominated in foreign currencies and, therefore, we expect to have currency risk exposure to any such foreign currencies. A change in foreign currency exchange rates may have an adverse impact on returns on our non-U.S. dollar denominated investments. Although we may hedge our foreign currency risk subject to the REIT income qualification tests, we may not be able to do so successfully and may incur losses on these investments as a result of exchange rate fluctuations. To the extent that we invest in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities, in addition to risks inherent in the investment in securities generally discussed in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007, we will also be subject to risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets including, but not limited to, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, political and economic instability in certain geographic locations, difficulties in managing international operations, potentially adverse tax consequences, additional accounting and control expenses and the administrative burden of complying wide variety of foreign laws.
We expect a portion of our real estate securities investments to be illiquid and we may not be able to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions.
Certain of the real estate securities that we may purchase in connection with privately negotiated transactions will not be registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited. The mezzanine and bridge loans we may purchase will be particularly illiquid investments due to their short life, their unsuitability for securitization and the greater difficulty of recoupment in the event of a borrower’s default.
Interest rate and related risks may cause the value of our real estate securities investments to be reduced.
Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities such as preferred and debt securities, and to a lesser extent dividend paying common stocks, will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates. Generally, when market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities will decline, and vice versa. Our investment in such securities means that the net asset value and market price of the common shares may tend to decline if market interest rates rise.
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During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below-market interest rate, increase the security’s duration and reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension risk. During periods of declining interest rates, an issuer may be able to exercise an option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled, which is generally known as call or prepayment risk. If this occurs, we may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known as reinvestment risk. Preferred and debt securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to repurchase the security prior to its stated maturity. An issuer may redeem an obligation if the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. These risks may reduce the value of our real estate securities investments.
Recent market conditions and the risk of continued market deterioration may cause the value of our real estate securities and preferred equity investments to be reduced.
It has been well publicized that recently the U.S. credit markets and the sub-prime residential mortgage market have experienced severe dislocations and liquidity disruptions. Sub-prime mortgage loans have recently experienced increased rates of delinquency, foreclosure and loss. These and other related events have had a significant impact on the capital markets associated not only with sub-prime mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) and asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and CDOs, but also with the U.S. credit and financial markets as a whole.
We have not invested in any real estate securities, including CMBS and CDOs, that contain assets that could be classified as sub-prime residential mortgages. As such, we currently do not have direct exposure to the sub-prime residential lending market and we are not currently aware of any deterioration in the performance of the underlying loans that comprise our CMBS and CDO assets. As of the date of this report, the aggregate of our CMBS and CDO securities assets represents less than 10% of our total assets. However, the values of many of the securities that we hold are sensitive to the volatility of the credit markets, and many of our securities may be adversely affected by future developments. In addition, to the extent that turmoil in the credit market continues and/or intensifies, it may have the potential to materially affect both the value of our securities portfolio and/or the availability or the terms of financing that we may anticipate utilizing in order to leverage our securities portfolio.
If we were forced to liquidate our securities portfolio into the current market, we could experience significant losses on these investments. However, we currently have the intention to hold our real estate securities assets to maturity, although from time to time we may sell any of these assets as part of our overall management of the investment portfolio.
The recent market volatility has also made the valuation of certain of our securities assets more difficult, particularly our CMBS and CDO assets. Management’s estimates of the value of these investments incorporates a combination of independent pricing agency and third-party dealer valuations, as well as comparable sales transactions. However, the methodologies that we use in valuing individual investments are generally based on a variety of estimates and assumptions specific to the particular investments, and actual results related to the investments therefore often vary materially from such assumptions or estimates.
Because there is significant uncertainty in the valuation of, or in the stability of the value of, certain of our securities holdings, the fair values of such investments as reflected in our results of operations may not reflect the prices that we would obtain if such investments were actually sold. Furthermore, due to the recent market events, many of our investments are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden developments which could have a material adverse affect on the value of these investments.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH DEBT FINANCING
Recent turmoil in the credit markets could affect our ability to obtain debt financing on reasonable terms.
The U.S. credit markets have recently experienced significant dislocations and liquidity disruptions which have caused the spreads on prospective debt financings to widen considerably. We currently do not have any prospective real property, securities or debt-related acquisitions for which we are committed that are either dependent upon receiving debt financing or for which the rates have not already been fixed. However, continued turmoil in the credit markets may negatively impact our ability to access additional debt financing at reasonable terms, which may negatively affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make acquisitions. Due to the recent market events, many of our securities investments which we may use in the future as collateral for prospective borrowings are subject to rapid changes in value
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caused by sudden developments, which could lower their values. This reduction in value could subsequently result in the potential reduced ability or the inability to leverage these assets.
We have incurred mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which may increase our business risks, could hinder our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
To date we have and we intend to continue to finance a portion of the purchase price of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments by borrowing funds. Under our charter, we have a limitation on borrowing which precludes us from borrowing in excess of 300% of the value of our net assets. Net assets for purposes of this calculation are defined to be our total assets (other than intangibles), valued at cost prior to deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities. Generally speaking, the preceding calculation is expected to approximate 75% of the sum of (a) the aggregate cost of our real property assets before non-cash reserves and depreciation and (b) the aggregate cost of our securities assets. In addition, we may incur mortgage debt and pledge some or all of our real properties as security for that debt to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties or for working capital. We may also borrow funds to satisfy the REIT tax qualification requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. Furthermore, we may borrow if we otherwise deem it necessary or advisable to ensure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
High debt levels will cause us to incur higher interest charges, which would result in higher debt service payments and could be accompanied by restrictive covenants. If there is a shortfall between the cash flow from a property and the cash flow needed to service mortgage debt on that property, then the amount available for distributions to stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in lenders initiating foreclosure actions. In that case, we could lose the property securing the loan that is in default, thus reducing the value of our stockholders’ investment. For tax purposes, a foreclosure on any of our properties will be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we will recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but we would not receive any cash proceeds. We have given certain partial guarantees to lenders of mortgage debt to the entities that own our properties. When we give a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgage contains cross collateralization or cross default provisions, a default on a single property could affect multiple properties. If any of our properties are foreclosed upon due to a default, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected.
Higher mortgage rates may make it more difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire and the amount of cash distributions we can make to our stockholders.
If mortgage debt is unavailable on reasonable terms as a result of increased interest rates or other factors, we may not be able to finance the initial purchase of properties. In addition, if we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance such debt when the loans come due, or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when we refinance debt, our income could be reduced. We may be unable to refinance debt at appropriate times, which may require us to sell properties on terms that are not advantageous to us, or could result in the foreclosure of such properties. If any of these events occur, our cash flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise more capital by issuing securities or by borrowing more money.
Increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our debt payments and therefore negatively impact our operating results.
Interest we pay on our debt obligations will reduce cash available for distributions. To date, we have incurred approximately $282.4 million of variable rate debt, for which increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, which would reduce our cash flows and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. If we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties and/or securities at times which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments.
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Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property, discontinue insurance coverage, or replace the Advisor as our advisor. In addition, loan documents may limit our ability to replace the Property Manager or terminate certain operating or lease agreements related to the property. These or other limitations may adversely affect our flexibility and our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
If we enter into financing arrangements involving balloon payment obligations, it may adversely affect our ability to refinance or sell properties on favorable terms, and to make distributions to our stockholders.
Many of our financing arrangements may require us to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. Our ability to make a balloon payment at maturity will be uncertain and may depend upon our ability to obtain additional financing or our ability to sell the particular property. At the time the balloon payment is due, we may or may not be able to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan or sell the particular property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment. The effect of a refinancing or sale could affect the rate of return to stockholders and the projected time of disposition of our assets. In an environment of increasing mortgage rates, if we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance such debt if mortgage rates are higher at a time a balloon payment is due. In addition, payments of principal and interest made to service our debts, including balloon payments, may leave us with insufficient cash to pay the distributions that we are required to pay to maintain our qualification as a REIT.
Our derivative financial instruments that we may use to hedge against interest rate fluctuations may not be successful in mitigating our risks associated with interest rates and could reduce the overall returns to our stockholders.
We have utilized derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on certain of our loans secured by our real properties, but no hedging strategy can protect us completely. We have also entered into four, LIBOR-based, forward-starting swaps to hedge our exposure to variability in the cash outflows of expected future fixed-rate debt issuances of approximately $350 million due to fluctuations in the USD-LIBOR swap rate. We cannot assure our stockholders that our hedging strategy and the derivatives that we use will adequately offset the risk of interest rate volatility or that our hedging transactions will not result in losses. In addition, the use of such instruments may reduce the overall return on our investments. These instruments may also generate income that may not be treated as qualifying REIT income for purposes of the 75% or 95% REIT income tests.
Failure to qualify as a REIT could adversely affect our operations and our ability to make distributions.
We are organized and operate in a manner to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Our REIT status became effective during September 2007, when we filed our corporate tax return for the taxable year ended December 31, 2006. Although we do not intend to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service as to our REIT status, we have received the opinion of our special U.S. federal income tax counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, with respect to our qualification as a REIT. This opinion has been issued in connection with our public offering. Investors should be aware, however, that opinions of counsel are not binding on the Internal Revenue Service or on any court. The opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP represents only the view of our counsel based on our counsel’s review and analysis of existing law and on certain representations as to factual matters and covenants made by us, including representations relating to the values of our assets and the sources of our income. Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher & Flom LLP has no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed in its opinion or of any subsequent change in applicable law. Furthermore, both the validity of the opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and our qualification as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex provisions of the Code, for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. The complexity of these provisions and of the applicable income tax regulations that have been promulgated under the Code is greater in the case of a REIT that holds its assets through a partnership, as we do. Moreover, no assurance can be given that legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not change the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT or the federal income tax consequences of that qualification. See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—REIT Qualification” in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007.
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If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT for any taxable year, we would be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, we would generally be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we lose our REIT status. Losing our REIT status would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional tax liability. In addition, distributions to stockholders would no longer be deductible in computing our taxable income and we would no longer be required to make distributions. To the extent that distributions had been made in anticipation of our qualifying as a REIT, we might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable corporate income tax. In addition, although we intend to operate in a manner to qualify as a REIT, it is possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause our board of directors to recommend that we revoke our REIT election.
We believe that the Operating Partnership will be treated for federal income tax purposes as a partnership and not as an association or as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. If the Internal Revenue Service were successfully to determine that the Operating Partnership were properly treated as a corporation, the Operating Partnership would be required to pay federal income tax at corporate rates on its net income, its partners would be treated as stockholders of the Operating Partnership and distributions to partners would constitute distributions that would not be deductible in computing the Operating Partnership’s taxable income. In addition, we could fail to qualify as a REIT, with the resulting consequences described above. See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—Federal Income Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership—Classification as a Partnership” in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007.
To qualify as a REIT, we must meet annual distribution requirements, which may result in us distributing amounts that may otherwise be used for our operations.
To obtain the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs, we normally will be required each year to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our real estate investment trust taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for distributions paid and by excluding net capital gains. We will be subject to federal income tax on our undistributed taxable income and net capital gain and to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions we pay with respect to any calendar year are less than the sum of (i) 85% of our ordinary income, (ii) 95% of our capital gain net income and (iii) 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. These requirements could cause us to distribute amounts that otherwise would be spent on acquisitions of properties and it is possible that we might be required to borrow funds or sell assets to fund these distributions. Although we intend to make distributions sufficient to meet the annual distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income taxation on the earnings that we distribute, it is possible that we might not always be able to do so.
Recharacterization of sale-leaseback transactions may cause us to lose our REIT status.
We may purchase real properties and lease them back to the sellers of such properties. While we will use our best efforts to structure any such sale-leaseback transaction such that the lease will be characterized as a “true lease,” thereby allowing us to be treated as the owner of the property for federal income tax purposes, we cannot assure our stockholders that the IRS will not challenge such characterization. In the event that any such sale-leaseback transaction is challenged and recharacterized as a financing transaction or loan for federal income tax purposes, deductions for depreciation and cost recovery relating to such property would be disallowed. If a sale-leaseback transaction were so recharacterized, we might fail to satisfy the REIT qualification “asset tests” or the “income tests” and, consequently, lose our REIT status effective with the year of recharacterization. Alternatively, the amount of our REIT taxable income could be recalculated which might also cause us to fail to meet the distribution requirement for a taxable year.
Our stockholders may have current tax liability on distributions if our stockholders elect to reinvest in shares of our common stock.
Even if our stockholders participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, our stockholders will be deemed to have received, and for income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in shares of our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. As a result, unless our stockholders are a tax-exempt entity, our stockholders may have to use funds from other sources to pay their tax liability on the value of the common stock received.
Distributions payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates that apply to other corporate distributions.
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Tax legislation enacted in 2003 generally reduces the maximum tax rate for distributions payable by corporations to individuals to 15% through 2008. Distributions payable by REITs, however, generally continue to be taxed at the normal rate applicable to the individual recipient, rather than the 15% preferential rate. Although this legislation does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or distributions paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate distributions could cause investors who are individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay distributions, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock. See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders—Distributions Generally” in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007.
In certain circumstances, we may be subject to federal and state income taxes as a REIT, which would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Even if we qualify and maintain our status as a REIT, we may be subject to federal income taxes or state taxes. For example, net income from a “prohibited transaction” will be subject to a 100% tax. We may not be able to make sufficient distributions to avoid excise taxes applicable to REITs. We may also decide to retain income we earn from the sale or other disposition of our property and pay income tax directly on such income. In that event, our stockholders would be treated as if they earned that income and paid the tax on it directly. However, stockholders that are tax-exempt, such as charities or qualified pension plans, would have no benefit from their deemed payment of such tax liability. We may also be subject to state and local taxes on our income or property, either directly or at the level of the companies through which we indirectly own our assets. Any federal or state taxes we pay will reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
Distributions to tax-exempt investors may be classified as unrelated business taxable income.
Neither ordinary nor capital gain distributions with respect to our common stock nor gain from the sale of common stock should generally constitute unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt investor. However, there are certain exceptions to this rule. In particular:
· Part of the income and gain recognized by certain qualified employee pension trusts with respect to our common stock may be treated as unrelated business taxable income if shares of our common stock are predominately held by qualified employee pension trusts, and we are required to rely on a special look-through rule for purposes of meeting one of the REIT share ownership tests, and we are not operated in a manner to avoid treatment of such income or gain as unrelated business taxable income;
· Part of the income and gain recognized by a tax exempt investor with respect to our common stock would constitute unrelated business taxable income if the investor incurs debt in order to acquire the common stock; and
· Part or all of the income or gain recognized with respect to our common stock by social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans which are exempt from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17), or (20) of the Code may be treated as unrelated business taxable income.
See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—Treatment of Tax Exempt Stockholders” section of our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007 for further discussion of this issue if our stockholders are a tax-exempt investor.
Our investments in other REITs and real estate partnerships subject us to the tax risks associated with the tax status of such entities.
We intend to invest in the securities of other REITs and real estate partnerships. Such investments are subject to the risk that any such REIT or partnership may fail to satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT or a partnership, as the case may be, in any given taxable year. In the case of a REIT, such failure would subject such entity to taxation as a corporation, may require such REIT to incur indebtedness to pay its tax liabilities, may reduce its ability to make distributions to us, and may render it ineligible to elect REIT status prior to the fifth taxable year following the year in which it fails to so qualify. In the case of a partnership, such failure could subject such partnership to an entity level tax and reduce the entity’s ability to make distributions to us. In addition, such failures could, depending on the circumstances, jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.
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Complying with the REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities.
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of shares of our common stock. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits.
Complying with the REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
To qualify as a REIT, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified REIT real estate assets, including shares of stock in other REITs, certain mortgage loans, and mortgage backed securities. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than governmental securities and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 20% of the value of our total securities can be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—Operational Requirements—Asset Tests” in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct such failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter to avoid losing our REIT status and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.
Liquidation of assets may jeopardize our REIT status.
To qualify as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our investments to satisfy our obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, ultimately jeopardizing our status as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% tax on any resultant gain if we sell assets that are treated as dealer property or inventory.
Legislative or regulatory action could adversely affect investors.
In recent years, numerous legislative, judicial and administrative changes have been made to the federal income tax laws applicable to investments in REITs and similar entities. Additional changes to tax laws are likely to continue to occur in the future, and we cannot assure our stockholders that any such changes will not adversely affect the taxation of a stockholder. Any such changes could have an adverse effect on an investment in shares of our common stock. We urge our stockholders to consult with their own tax advisor with respect to the status of legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in shares of our common stock.
Recharacterization of transactions under the Operating Partnership’s intended private placements could result in a 100% tax on income from prohibited transactions, which would diminish our cash distributions to our stockholders.
The Internal Revenue Service could recharacterize transactions under the Operating Partnership’s intended private placements such that the Operating Partnership could be treated as the bona fide owner, for tax purposes, of properties acquired and resold by the entity established to facilitate the transaction. Such recharacterization could result in the income realized on these transactions by the Operating Partnership being treated as gain on the sale of property that is held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for the sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. In such event, such gain would constitute income from a prohibited transaction and would be subject to a 100% tax. If this occurs, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected.
Foreign investors may be subject to FIRPTA on the sale of common shares if we are unable to qualify as a “domestically controlled” REIT.
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A foreign person disposing of a U.S. real property interest, including shares of a U.S. corporation whose assets consist principally of U.S. real property interests, is generally subject to a tax, known as FIRPTA, on the gain recognized on the disposition. FIRPTA does not apply, however, to the disposition of stock in a REIT if the REIT is a “domestically controlled REIT.” A domestically controlled REIT is a REIT in which, at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of its shares is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. holders. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will qualify as a domestically controlled REIT. If we were to fail to so qualify, gain realized by a foreign investor on a sale of our common stock would be subject to FIRPTA unless our common stock was traded on an established securities market and the foreign investor did not at any time during a specified testing period directly or indirectly own more than 5% of the value of our outstanding common stock. See “Federal Income Tax Considerations—Special Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Stock holders—Non-Dividend Distributions” in our Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Share Redemption Program
We have established a share redemption program that provides our stockholders with limited interim liquidity. The share redemption program will be immediately terminated if our shares of common stock are listed on a national or other securities exchange or the NASDAQ National Market, or if a secondary market is otherwise established.
After our stockholders have held shares of our common stock for a minimum of one year, our share redemption program may provide a limited opportunity for our stockholders to have their shares of common stock redeemed, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price of the shares of our common stock being redeemed and the amount of the discount will vary based upon the length of time that our stockholders have held their shares of our common stock subject to redemption, as described in the following table:
Share Purchase Anniversary |
| Redemption Price as a |
|
Less than 1 year |
| No Redemption Allowed |
|
1 year |
| 92.5 | % |
2 years |
| 95.0 | % |
3 years |
| 97.5 | % |
4 years and longer |
| 100.0 | % |
In the event that our stockholders seek to redeem all of their shares of our common stock, shares of our common stock purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan may be excluded from the foregoing one-year holding period requirement, in the discretion of the board of directors. In addition, for purposes of the one-year holding period, holders of OP Units who exchange their OP Units for shares of our common stock shall be deemed to have owned their shares as of the date they were issued their OP Units. The board of directors reserves the right in its sole discretion at any time and from time to time to (a) waive the one-year holding period in the event of the death or disability (as such term is defined in the Code) of a stockholder, as well as the annual limitation discussed below, (b) reject any request for redemption for any reason or no reason, or (c) reduce the number of shares of our common stock allowed to be purchased under the share redemption program. At any time we are engaged in an offering of shares of our common stock, the per share price for shares of our common stock redeemed under our redemption program will never be greater than the then-current offering price of our shares of our common stock sold in the primary offering. We are not obligated to redeem shares of our common stock under the share redemption program. We presently intend to limit the number of shares to be redeemed during any consecutive twelve month period to no more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve month period. The aggregate amount of redemptions under our share redemption program is not expected to exceed the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. However, to the extent that the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not sufficient to fund redemption requests pursuant to the five percent limitation outlined above, the board of directors may, in its sole discretion, choose to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common stock. Such sources of funds could include cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities investments as of the end of the applicable quarter, to the extent that such funds are not otherwise dedicated to a particular use, such as working capital, cash distributions to stockholders or purchases of real property or real estate securities. The board of directors may also increase the annual limit above five percent but, in any event, the number of shares of our common stock that we may redeem will be limited by the funds available from purchases pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities investments as of the end of the applicable quarter.
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The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the share redemption program at any time if it determines that the funds available to fund the share redemption program are needed for other business or operational purposes or that amendment, suspension or termination of the share redemption program is in the best interest of our stockholders. In addition, the board of directors may determine to modify the share redemption program to redeem shares at the then-current net asset value per share (provided that any offering will then also be conducted at net asset value per share), as calculated in accordance with policies and procedures developed by our board of directors. If the board of directors decides to amend, suspend or terminate the share redemption program, we will provide stockholders with no less than 30 days’ prior written notice. Therefore, our stockholders may not have the opportunity to make a redemption request prior to any potential termination of our share redemption program.
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we redeemed 86,560 shares of common stock pursuant to our share redemption program, as further described in the table below:
Period |
| Total Number of |
| Average Price |
| Total Number of |
| Maximum Number of |
| |
July 1 – July 31, 2007 |
| 600 |
| $ | 9.12 |
| 600 |
| — |
|
August 1 – August 31, 2007 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |
September 1 – September 30, 2007 |
| 85,960 |
| 9.13 |
| 85,960 |
| — |
| |
Total: |
| 86,560 |
| $ | 9.13 |
| 86,560 |
| 574,135 |
|
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
On August 16, 2007, we held our annual meeting of stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) in Denver, Colorado for the purpose of: (i) electing individuals to serve as directors of the Company as provided in the Company’s Charter, (ii) adopting the specific Charter amendments required by the state of Pennsylvania as described in the Proxy Statement, and (iii) ratifying the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007. The total number of shares of common stock entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting was 76,380,456, of which 41,283,082 shares, or 54%, were present by proxy.
The following sets forth the results of the election of directors:
Name of director |
| For |
| Withheld |
|
John A. Blumberg |
| 40,560,385 |
| 722,697 |
|
Charles B. Duke |
| 40,567,684 |
| 715,398 |
|
Daniel J. Sullivan |
| 40,562,604 |
| 720,478 |
|
John P. Woodberry |
| 40,552,335 |
| 730,747 |
|
There was no solicitation in opposition to the foregoing nominees by stockholders. The terms of office for John A. Blumberg, Charles B. Duke, Daniel J. Sullivan and John P. Woodberry continued after the Annual Meeting.
The adoption of the specific Charter amendments required by the state of Pennsylvania as described in the Proxy Statement was approved by our stockholders with 39,038,082 votes “For”, 226,549 votes “Against” and 2,018,451 votes “Abstained”.
The ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007 was approved by our stockholders with 38,698,679 votes “For”, 347,333 votes “Against” and 2,237,070 votes “Abstained”.
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None.
10.1 | Sale and Purchase Agreement between Boulevard 40 Office LLC, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (40 Boulevard).† | |
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| 10.2 | Assignment and Assumption of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (40 Boulevard).† |
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| 10.3 | Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (40 Boulevard).† |
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| 10.4 | Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc, and Jones Lang LaSalle Americas (Illinois) LP, as property manager (40 Boulevard).† |
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| 10.5 | Sale and Purchase Agreement between New Tower Trust Company Multi-Employer, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase I).† |
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| 10.6 | Sale and Purchase Agreement between Washington Commons Phase II Limited Partnership, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase II).† |
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| 10.7 | Sale and Purchase Agreement between Washington Commons Phase III Limited Partnership, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase III).† |
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| 10.8 | Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase I).† |
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| 10.9 | Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase II).† |
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| 10.10 | Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase III).† |
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| 10.11 | Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (Washington Commons).† |
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| 10.12 | Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and HP Office Management EU, LLC, as property manager (Washington Commons).† |
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| 10.13 | Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement between Principal Life Insurance Company, as seller, and an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust, Inc., as buyer (Bandera Road).† |
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| 10.14 | Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Countrywide Commercial Real Estate Finance Inc. (Bandera Road).† |
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| 10.15 | Management Agreement between an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Cencor Realty Services, as property manager (Bandera Road).† |
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10.16 | First Amendment to Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund I LLC and DCT Industrial Fund II LLC. † | |
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| 10.17 | Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund II LLC and DCT Industrial Fund III LLC. † |
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| 10.18 | Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between affiliates of a joint venture between affiliates of DCT Industrial Trust Inc. and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Column Financial, Inc. (DCT Joint Venture I Financing).† |
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| 10.19 | Partnership Agreement of TRT DDR Venture I General Partnership between DDR TRT GP LLC and TRT-DDR Joint Venture I Owner LLC. † |
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| 10.20 | Contribution and Sale Agreement between JDN Real Estate-Apex L.P., JDN Development Company, Inc., Developers Diversified Realty Corporation, Mt. Nebo Pointe LLC, Centerton Square LLC, as contributors, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Developers Diversified Realty Corporation and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (DDR Portfolio) † |
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| 10.21 | Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Developers Diversified Realty Corporation and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Wachovia Bank, National Association (DDR Portfolio). † |
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| 10.22 | Real Estate Sale Agreement between Westcore Properties AC, LLC, as buyer, and Concourse Fortune Associates LLC, as seller (Fortune Concourse). † |
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| 10.23 | Assignment of Purchase and Sale Agreement between Westcore Properties AC, LLC, as assignor, and Westcore-TRT Fortune Concourse LLC, as assignee, a joint venture between affiliates of Westcore Properties AC, LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Fortune Concourse). † |
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| 10.24 | Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Westcore Properties AC, LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Wellcorp Properties LLC, as property manager (Fortune Concourse). † |
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| 10.25 | Purchase and Sale Agreement between Tedeschi Realty Corporation and various entities affiliated with Tedeschi Realty Corporation, as sellers, and an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc., as buyer (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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| 10.26 | Promissory note secured by deeds of trust between Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and LaSalle Bank National Association (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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| 10.27 | Form of Management Agreement between various affiliates of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and KeyPoint Partners LLC, as property manager (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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| 10.28 | Termination of Master Repurchase Facility Letter Agreement (REPO Facility). † |
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| 31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer * |
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| 31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Accounting Officer * |
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| 32.1 | Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer * |
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| 32.2 | Section 1350 Certification of Principal Accounting Officer * |
† Previously filed.
* Filed herewith.
57
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC. | |
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Date: November 14, 2007 | /s/ JAMES R. GIULIANO, III |
| James R. Giuliano, III |
| President and Chief Financial Officer |
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Date: November 14, 2007 | /s/ SONYA J. ROSENBACH |
| Sonya J. Rosenbach |
| Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer |
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10.1 |
| Sale and Purchase Agreement between Boulevard 40 Office LLC, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (40 Boulevard).† |
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10.2 |
| Assignment and Assumption of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (40 Boulevard).† |
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10.3 |
| Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (40 Boulevard).† |
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10.4 |
| Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc, and Jones Lang LaSalle Americas (Illinois) LP, as property manager (40 Boulevard).† |
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10.5 |
| Sale and Purchase Agreement between New Tower Trust Company Multi-Employer, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase I).† |
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10.6 |
| Sale and Purchase Agreement between Washington Commons Phase II Limited Partnership, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase II).† |
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10.7 |
| Sale and Purchase Agreement between Washington Commons Phase III Limited Partnership, as seller, and Alliance Commercial Partners LLC, as buyer (Washington Commons, Phase III).† |
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10.8 |
| Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase I).† |
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10.9 |
| Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase II).† |
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10.10 |
| Assignment of Sale and Purchase Agreement between Alliance Commercial Partners, LLC, as assignor, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Washington Commons, Phase III).† |
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10.11 |
| Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (Washington Commons).† |
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10.12 |
| Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Alliance Commercial Partners LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and HP Office Management EU, LLC, as property manager (Washington Commons).† |
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10.13 |
| Real Estate Purchase and Sale Agreement between Principal Life Insurance Company, as seller, and an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust, Inc., as buyer (Bandera Road).† |
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10.14 |
| Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Countrywide Commercial Real Estate Finance Inc. (Bandera Road).† |
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10.15 |
| Management Agreement between an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Cencor Realty Services, as property manager (Bandera Road).† |
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10.16 |
| First Amendment to Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund I LLC and DCT Industrial Fund II LLC.† |
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10.17 |
| Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund II LLC and DCT Industrial Fund III LLC. † |
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10.18 |
| Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between affiliates of a joint venture between affiliates of DCT Industrial Trust Inc. and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Column Financial, Inc. (DCT Joint Venture I Financing).† |
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10.19 |
| Partnership Agreement of TRT DDR Venture I General Partnership between DDR TRT GP LLC and TRT-DDR Joint Venture I Owner LLC. † |
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10.20 |
| Contribution and Sale Agreement between JDN Real Estate-Apex L.P., JDN Development Company, Inc., Developers Diversified Realty Corporation, Mt. Nebo Pointe LLC, Centerton Square LLC, as contributors, and a joint venture between an affiliate of Developers Diversified Realty Corporation and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (DDR Portfolio) † |
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10.21 |
| Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Developers Diversified Realty Corporation and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Wachovia Bank, National Association (DDR Portfolio). † |
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10.22 |
| Real Estate Sale Agreement between Westcore Properties AC, LLC, as buyer, and Concourse Fortune Associates LLC, as seller (Fortune Concourse). † |
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10.23 |
| Assignment of Purchase and Sale Agreement between Westcore Properties AC, LLC, as assignor, and Westcore-TRT Fortune Concourse LLC, as assignee, a joint venture between affiliates of Westcore Properties AC, LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (Fortune Concourse). † |
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10.24 |
| Management Agreement between a joint venture between an affiliate of Westcore Properties AC, LLC and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Wellcorp Properties LLC, as property manager (Fortune Concourse). † |
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10.25 |
| Purchase and Sale Agreement between Tedeschi Realty Corporation and various entities affiliated with Tedeschi Realty Corporation, as sellers, and an affiliate of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc., as buyer (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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10.26 |
| Promissory note secured by deeds of trust between Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and LaSalle Bank National Association (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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10.27 |
| Form of Management Agreement between various affiliates of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and KeyPoint Partners LLC, as property manager (New England Retail Portfolio). † |
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10.28 |
| Termination of Master Repurchase Facility Letter Agreement (REPO Facility). † |
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31.1 |
| Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer * |
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31.2 |
| Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Accounting Officer * |
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32.1 |
| Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer * |
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32.2 |
| Section 1350 Certification of Principal Accounting Officer * |
† Previously filed.
* Filed herewith.
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