SCHEDULE 14A
(Rule 14a–101)
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(Amendment No. 4)
Filed by the Registrantx Filed by a Party other than the Registrant¨
Check the appropriate box:
x | Preliminary Proxy Statement |
¨ | Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a–6(e)(2)) |
¨ | Definitive Proxy Statement |
¨ | Definitive Additional Materials |
¨ | Soliciting Material Under Rule 14a–12 |
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HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) |
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(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant) |
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
x | Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a–6(i)(1) and 0–11. |
| (1) | Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies: |
| (2) | Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies: |
| (3) | Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0– 11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined): |
Average of high and low prices for common stock on , 2006 ($ )
| (4) | Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: |
$38,600,000
$7,720
x | Fee paid previously with preliminary materials: |
¨ | Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0–11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the form or schedule and the date of its filing. |
| (1) | Amount previously paid: |
| (2) | Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.: |
This proxy statement is dated , 2006 and is first being mailed to Highbury stockholders on or about , 2006.
Highbury Financial Inc.
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000
Denver, CO 80202
To the Stockholders of Highbury Financial Inc.:
You are cordially invited to attend the annual meeting of the stockholders of Highbury Financial Inc. (“Highbury”) at 8:00 a.m., mountain time, on November 27, 2006, at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202.
At this meeting, you will be asked to consider and vote upon the following proposals:
| (1) | to adopt the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, among Highbury, Aston Asset Management LLC (“Aston”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc. (“AAIFS”), ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (“AAAMI”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc. (“Montag”), Tamro Capital Partners LLC (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management LLC (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC (“River Road” and together with AAAMHI, AAIFS, AAAMI, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”), and the transactions contemplated thereby – we refer to this proposal as the acquisition proposal; |
| (2) | to approve an amendment to the certificate of incorporation of Highbury to remove the preamble and sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth from the certificate of incorporation from and after the closing of the acquisition, as these provisions will no longer be applicable to Highbury – we refer to this proposal as the Article Fifth amendment; |
| (3) | to elect Russell L. Appel as Director to serve for a term of three years or until his successor is duly elected and qualified – we refer to this proposal as the director election proposal; and |
| (4) | to adjourn the meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to adopt the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth amendment. We refer to this proposal as the adjournment proposal. |
The first proposal must be approved by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in our initial public offering (“IPO”). The second proposal must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock as of the record date. The third proposal must be approved by a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. The fourth proposal must be approved by a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting.
The adoption of the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are not conditions to the acquisition proposal but, if the acquisition is not approved, the Article Fifth amendment will not be presented at the meeting for adoption.
Each Highbury stockholder who holds shares of common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO has the right to vote against the acquisition proposal and demand that Highbury convert such stockholder’s shares into cash equal to a pro rata portion of the funds held in the trust account including any interest earned on their pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable) into which a substantial portion of the net proceeds of Highbury’s IPO was deposited. As of October 24, 2006, the per share conversion price was approximately $5.71. These shares will be converted into cash only if the acquisition is consummated. However, if the holders of 20% (1,548,667) or more shares of common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO vote against the acquisition proposal and demand conversion of their shares no later than the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting, Highbury will not
consummate the acquisition. Prior to exercising conversion rights, Highbury stockholders should verify the market price of Highbury’s common stock, as they may receive higher proceeds from the sale of their common stock in the public market than from exercising their conversion rights. Shares of Highbury’s common stock are currently quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or the OTCBB, under the symbol HBRF. On October 24, 2006, the last sale price as quoted on the OTCBB of Highbury’s common stock was $5.71.
Highbury’s initial stockholders own an aggregate of approximately 19.6% of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock, and have agreed to vote all of their shares on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the vote of the majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares issued in the IPO. The initial stockholders have also indicated that they intend to vote “FOR” the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal.
Highbury’s board of directors has determined that the acquisition proposal is fair to and in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. Highbury’s board of directors has also determined that the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are also in the best interests of Highbury’s stockholders. Highbury’s board of directors unanimously recommends that you vote or give instruction to vote “FOR” the adoption of the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal, and the adjournment proposal.
Enclosed is a notice of annual meeting and proxy statement containing detailed information concerning the acquisition proposal, the transactions contemplated by the acquisition, as well as detailed information concerning the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal, and the adjournment proposal. Whether or not you plan to attend the annual meeting, we urge you to read this material carefully.
Your vote is important. Whether you plan to attend the annual meeting or not, please sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card as soon as possible in the envelope provided.
I look forward to seeing you at the meeting.
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Sincerely, |
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Richard S. Foote, |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has determined if this proxy statement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
SEE “RISK FACTORS” FOR A DISCUSSION OF VARIOUS FACTORS THAT YOU SHOULD CONSIDER IN CONNECTION WITH THE ACQUISITION.
Highbury Financial Inc.
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000
Denver, CO 80202
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON NOVEMBER 27, 2006
TO THE STOCKHOLDERS OF HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC.:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the annual meeting of stockholders of Highbury Financial Inc. (“Highbury”), a Delaware corporation, will be held at 8:00 a.m. mountain time, on November 27, 2006, at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202 for the following purposes:
| (1) | to consider and vote upon the adoption of the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, among Highbury, Aston Asset Management LLC (“Aston”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc. (“AAIFS”), ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., (“AAAMI”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc., (“Montag”), Tamro Capital Partners LLC, (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management LLC, (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, (“River Road” and together with AAAMHI, AAIFS, AAAMI, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”) and the transactions contemplated thereby; |
| (2) | to consider and vote upon an amendment to the certificate of incorporation of Highbury to remove the preamble and sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth from the certificate of incorporation from and after the closing of the acquisition, as these provisions will no longer be applicable to Highbury; |
| (3) | to elect Russell L. Appel as Director to serve for a term of three years or until his successor is duly elected and qualified; and |
| (4) | to consider and vote upon a proposal to adjourn the annual meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth amendment. |
These items of business are described in the attached proxy statement, which we encourage you to read in its entirety before voting. Only holders of record of Highbury’s common stock at the close of business on October 24, 2006 are entitled to notice of the annual meeting and to vote at the annual meeting and any adjournments or postponements of the annual meeting. Only the holders of record of Highbury common stock on that date are entitled to have their votes counted at the Highbury annual meeting and any adjournments or postponements of it. Highbury will not transact any other business at the annual meeting except for business properly brought before the annual meeting or any adjournment or postponement of it by Highbury’s board of directors.
A complete list of Highbury stockholders of record entitled to vote at the annual meeting will be available for ten days before the annual meeting at the principal executive offices of Highbury for inspection by stockholders during ordinary business hours for any purpose germane to the annual meeting.
Your vote is important regardless of the number of shares you own. The first proposal must be approved by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO. The second proposal must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock as of the record date. The third proposal must be approved by a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. The fourth proposal must be approved by a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting.
All Highbury stockholders are cordially invited to attend the annual meeting in person. However, to ensure your representation at the annual meeting, you are urged to complete, sign, date and return the enclosed proxy
card as soon as possible. If you are a stockholder of record of Highbury common stock, you may also cast your vote in person at the annual meeting. If your shares are held in an account at a brokerage firm or bank, you must instruct your broker or bank on how to vote your shares.
The board of directors of Highbury unanimously recommends that you vote “FOR” each of the proposals, which are described in detail in the accompanying proxy statement.
By Order of the Board of Directors
, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ANNEXES |
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A. | | Asset Purchase Agreement |
B. | | Side Letter Agreement among Highbury, Aston and Veredus |
C. | | Side Letter Agreement among Highbury, Aston and River Road |
D. | | Side Letter Agreement among Highbury, Aston and Montag |
E. | | Side Letter Agreement among Highbury, Aston and AAAMHI |
F. | | Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation |
G. | | Fairness Opinion issued to Highbury |
H. | | Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Aston |
I. | | Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement |
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SUMMARY OF THE MATERIAL TERMS OF THE ACQUISITION
| • | | Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the agreement, Highbury will acquire, through its affiliate, Aston Asset Management LLC, or Aston, substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds specified in the asset purchase agreement, which we sometimes refer to as the acquired business. The term “substantially all” is intended to indicate that Highbury and Aston are acquiring that portion of the business of the Sellers that is materially necessary for Aston to act as the adviser to the funds, and that any related assets retained by the Sellers are neither material nor unique with respect to such role. See the section entitled “The Asset Purchase Agreement.” |
| • | | The parties to the asset purchase agreement are Highbury, Aston, ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc, ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., Montag & Caldwell, Inc., Tamro Capital Partners LLC, Veredus Asset Management LLC, and River Road Asset Management, LLC. See the section entitled “The Asset Purchase Agreement.” ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. is a third-tier wholly-owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Holdings N.V. |
| • | | Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement and subject to the conditions set forth therein, including the approval of the board of trustees and shareholders of each fund, Aston will become the adviser to 19 no-load mutual funds, consisting of 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds with approximately $5.6 billion of assets under management as of June 30, 2006. As of October 24, 2006 assets under management for the 19 mutual funds totaled $5.5 billion. On April 20, 2006, the date the asset purchase agreement was entered into, the Target Funds had $6.1 billion of client assets under management. The largest amount of client assets under management of the acquired business at the end of any calendar quarter was $7.3 billionat the end of the second quarter of2004. Assets under management have continued to decrease as a result of net asset outflows and market fluctuations in the funds. A no-load mutual fund is a mutual fund whose shares are sold without a commission or sales charge. Currently, two of the 19 funds are sub-advised, both by sub-advisers not affiliated with the Sellers. Aston will delegate the day-to-day portfolio management of each fund to a sub-adviser. ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. and its affiliates, which currently serve as the investment advisers to the funds, will sub-advise most of the funds. In addition, the two current sub-advisers, plus an additional third-party sub-adviser, will sub-advise all or a portion of five of the funds. The investment advisory fee rate payable to Aston by each fund will be the same rate payable under the current investment advisory agreements with ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. and its affiliates. Aston will pay the sub-advisory fees to the sub-advisers out of the investment advisory fees Aston will receive from the funds. See the sections entitled “Acquired Business,” “The Acquisition Proposal—General Structure of the Acquired Business” and “The Acquisition Proposal—Description of Sub-Advisory Agreements.” |
| • | | Highbury will make a capital contribution to Aston of $38.6 million to pay the purchase price under the asset purchase agreement. See the section entitled “The Asset Purchase Agreement.” |
| • | | Highbury owns 65% of Aston and delegates the day-to-day operations of Aston to its officers, consisting of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, Gerald Dillenburg, Christine Dragon, Joseph Hays, Betsy Heaberg, David Robinow and John Rouse, whom we refer to as the Aston management members. The Aston management members collectively own 35% of Aston and will be responsible for the day-to-day operations of the acquired business following the acquisition, subject to management and control by Highbury as the manager member of Aston. Following the closing of the acquisition, 18.2% of the total revenues of Aston will be allocated to Highbury and distributions to Highbury will have priority over distributions to other members. See the section entitled “Aston Limited Liability Company Agreement.” |
| • | | Aston will be managed by a management committee consisting of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson and Gerald Dillenburg. Certain actions taken by Aston require the consent of Highbury as manager member of Aston. See the section entitled “Aston Limited Liability Company Agreement-Management of Aston.” |
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| • | | In addition to voting on the acquisition, the stockholders of Highbury will vote on proposals to amend Highbury’s certificate of incorporation to delete certain provisions that will no longer be applicable after the acquisition, to elect Russell L. Appel as Director, and to adjourn the annual meeting, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth amendment. See the sections entitled “Article Fifth Amendment Proposal,” “Director Election Proposal” and “Adjournment Proposal.” |
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE PROPOSALS
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Q. Why am I receiving this proxy statement? | | A. Highbury is holding the annual meeting of its stockholders to obtain approvals of the proposed acquisition, the amendment to the certificate of incorporation, the election of Russell L. Appel as a director and a proposal to allow for the adjournment of the annual meeting. This proxy statement contains important information about these proposals. You should read it carefully. |
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| | Highbury, Aston and the Sellers have agreed to a business combination under the terms of the asset purchase agreement, dated April 20, 2006, that are described in this proxy statement. This agreement is referred to as the asset purchase agreement. We encourage you to review the asset purchase agreement, as amended, a copy of which is attached to this proxy statement as Annex A. |
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| | In order to complete the acquisition, a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in our initial public offering, or the IPO, must vote to approve the asset purchase agreement. Highbury stockholders will also be asked to vote to approve an amendment to Highbury’s certificate of incorporation to make certain modifications to Article Fifth thereof, to elect Russell L. Appel as Director, and to vote on a proposal to allow for the adjournment of the annual meeting, but such approvals are not a condition to the acquisition. In order to approve the amendment to the certificate of incorporation, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock as of the record date, must vote to approve the amendment. Highbury’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as it will appear if the amendment to its certificate of incorporation is approved, is annexed as Annex F hereto. In order to elect Russell L. Appel as Director, the election must be approved by a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. In order to approve the adjournment proposal, the proposal must be approved by a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting. |
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| | Your vote is important. We encourage you to vote as soon as possible after carefully reviewing this proxy statement. |
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Q. Why is Highbury proposing the acquisition? | | A. Highbury was organized for the purpose of acquiring or acquiring control of, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase or other similar business combination, one or more financial services businesses. Highbury has entered into the asset purchase agreement to acquire substantially all of the acquired business through Aston which will act as adviser to the mutual funds. The acquired business manages 19 no-load mutual funds, consisting of 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds with approximately $5.5 billion of assets under management as of October 24, 2006. Aston intends to seek to expand its assets under management with a combination of internal growth, new product development and accretive acquisitions. |
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Q. What is being voted on? | | A. There are four proposals on which the Highbury stockholders are being asked to vote. The first proposal is to adopt and approve the asset purchase agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. We refer to this proposal as the acquisition proposal. |
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| | The second proposal is to approve an amendment to the certificate of incorporation to remove the preamble and sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth from the Certificate of Incorporation from and after the closing. The items being removed will no longer be operative upon consummation of the acquisition; therefore, this amendment is being proposed to revise the certificate of incorporation on a going-forward basis. We refer to this proposal as the Article Fifth Amendment. |
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| | The third proposal is to elect Russell L. Appel as Director. We refer to this proposal as the director election proposal. |
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| | The fourth proposal is to adjourn the annual meeting, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth Amendment. We refer to this proposal as the adjournment proposal. |
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Q. What is the makeup of the board of directors and how often are members elected? | | A. Our board of directors currently has three members, one of whom is up for election. One director stands for election each year. The term of office of the first class of directors, consisting of Russell L. Appel, will expire at our first annual meeting of stockholders onNovember 27, 2006. The term of office of the second class of directors, consisting of R. Bruce Cameron, will expire at the second annual meeting. The term of office of the third class of directors, consisting of Richard S. Foote, will expire at the third annual meeting. Each of our current directors has served on our board since our inception on July 13, 2005. Should Mr. Appel be elected, his term will expire at the annual meeting held in 2009. |
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Q. What if a nominee is unwilling or unable to serve? | | A. That is not expected to occur. If it does, proxies voted in favor of the original nominee will be voted for a substitute director nominated by the board of directors. |
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Q. How are directors compensated? | | A. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, the directors did not receive any compensation for their service as members of the board of directors. On August 1, 2005 our officers, directors and certain parties related to them purchased shares of our common stock in connection with our formation for an aggregate price of $25,000. On October 24, 2006, the market value of these shares based on the last sale price on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or the OTCBB, was $9,849,750. |
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Q. How often did the board meet in 2005? | | A. In 2005, the board of directors acted by written consent and held no meetings. |
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Q. Does Highbury have a policy with regard to board members’ attendance at annual meetings? | | A. Our directors are encouraged, but not required, to attend the annual stockholders’ meeting. |
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Q. What vote is required in order to adopt the acquisition proposal? | | A. The approval of the acquisition will require the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of Highbury’s common stock issued in our IPO. If the holders of 20% or more of the shares of the common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO, pursuant to its prospectus, dated January 25, 2006, vote against the acquisition and demand that Highbury convert their shares into a pro rata portion of Highbury’s trust account, calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed business combination and net of taxes payable, then the acquisition will not be consummated. No vote of the holders of Highbury’s warrants is necessary to adopt the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal or the adjournment proposal, and Highbury is not asking the warrant holders to vote on the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal or the adjournment proposal. The approvals of the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are not conditions to the consummation of the acquisition. If the acquisition proposal is not approved, however, the Article Fifth amendment will not be presented for approval. |
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Q. What vote is required in order to adopt the Article Fifth amendment? | | A. The approval of the Article Fifth amendment will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury’s common stock. The approval of the Article Fifth amendment is not a condition to the consummation of the acquisition. |
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Q. What vote is required in order to adopt the director election proposal? | | A. The approval of the director election proposal will require a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. The approval of the director election proposal is not a condition to the consummation of the acquisition. |
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Q. What vote is required in order to adopt the adjournment proposal? | | A. The approval of the adjournment proposal will require a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting. |
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Q. Does the Highbury board recommend voting in favor of the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal? | | A. Yes. After consideration of the terms and conditions of the asset purchase agreement, the amendments to the certificate of incorporation, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal, the board of directors of Highbury has determined that the acquisition and the transactions contemplated thereby are fair to and in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. The board of directors of Highbury has also determined that the amendments to the certificate of incorporation, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. The Highbury board of directors recommends that Highbury stockholders vote FOR each of (i) the acquisition proposal, (ii) the Article Fifth amendment, (iii) the director election proposal and (iv) the adjournment proposal. The members of Highbury’s board of directors have interests in the acquisition that are different from, or in addition to, your interests as a stockholder. For a description of such interests, please see the section entitled “Summary of the Proxy Statement – Interests of Highbury Directors and Officers in the Acquisition.” |
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| | For a description of the factors considered by Highbury’s board of directors in making its determination, see the section entitled “Highbury Board of Directors’ Reasons for Approval of the Acquisition.” |
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| | Highbury has obtained an opinion from Capitalink, L.C., or Capitalink, that the acquisition consideration is fair, from a financial point of view, to the stockholders of Highbury. The opinion was provided to our board of directors in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement and the determination by our board of directors to submit the acquisition to our stockholders for approval, subsequent to our board of director’s approval of the asset purchase agreement. For a description of the fairness opinion and the assumptions made, matters considered and procedures followed by Capitalink in rendering such opinion, see the section entitled “Fairness Opinion.” |
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Q. What will happen in the proposed acquisition? | | A. As a consequence of the acquisition, the acquired business will be owned by Aston, which will act as adviser to the mutual funds. The mutual funds will be re-branded The Aston Funds. Highbury owns 65% of the membership interests of Aston and is the manager member of Aston and, as such, Highbury is referred to as the manager member in this proxy statement. Highbury, as manager member, delegates the day-to-day operating authority of Aston to the management members of Aston, who are employees of Aston and hold an aggregate of 35% of the membership interests of Aston. Delegation of day-to-day operating authority to Aston is subject to management and control by Highbury as the manager member of Aston. |
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Q. What will Highbury’s business be after the acquisition? | | A. Following consummation of the acquisition Highbury will be an investment management holding company for which Aston will serve as the initial platform for internal growth and add-on acquisitions. Highbury intends to pursue acquisition opportunities and establish other accretive partnerships with high quality investment management firms over time. |
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Q. Did the officers and directors of Highbury make a determination as to the value of the acquired business? | | A. While they did not identify a specific value for the acquired business, prepare a detailed valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time of approval of the asset purchase agreement, Highbury’s officers and directors determined that the fair market value of the acquired business is in excess of the purchase price under the asset purchase agreement and in excess of 80% of our net assets based on an analysis of relative pricing terms. For a discussion of the factors they considered in making this determination, see the section entitled “The Acquisition Proposal-Management Analyses.” |
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Q. How do the Highbury insiders intend to vote their shares? | | A. All of the Highbury Inside Stockholders (including all of Highbury’s directors and executive officers and their affiliates) have agreed to vote the shares held by them on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO. In accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors, the Highbury Inside Stockholders will vote all shares they own for the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal. |
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Q. What will I receive in the proposed acquisition? | | A. Highbury stockholders will receive nothing in the acquisition. Highbury stockholders will continue to hold the shares of Highbury common stock that they owned prior to the acquisition. |
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Q. What will the Sellers receive in the proposed acquisition? | | A. At closing, the Sellers will receive an aggregate cash payment of $38.6 million, subject to a one-time adjustment equal to no more than $3.8 million in favor of Highbury or the Sellers based on post-closing revenue milestones. This contingent adjustment is payable in cash shortly after the second anniversary of the acquisition. See the section entitled “Acquisition Consideration.” |
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Q. How much of Aston will Highbury own after the acquisition? | | A. Highbury will own 65% of the membership interests of Aston after the acquisition. The remaining 35% of the membership interests will be owned by the Aston management members after the acquisition. |
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Q. What rights does Highbury have to Aston’s revenues? | | A. Pursuant to the limited liability company agreement of Aston, 72% of the revenues (which is referred to as the Operating Allocation) of Aston is allocated for use by the management of Aston to pay the operating expenses of Aston, including salaries and bonuses of all employees of Aston (including the Aston management members). No member of Highbury’s management will receive any salary, bonus or other payment from Aston. The remaining 28% of the revenues (which is referred to as the Owners’ Allocation) of Aston is allocated to the owners of Aston. The Owners’ Allocation is allocated among the members of Aston according to their relative ownership interests. Thus, Highbury is allocated 18.2% of the total revenues of Aston, and the Aston management team is allocated 9.8% of the total revenues of Aston. Highbury’s contractual share of revenues has priority over any distribution to Aston management members, and Highbury must be made whole for any reduction to its priority revenue share before any distributions are made to Aston management members. |
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Q. Do I have conversion rights? | | A. If you hold shares of common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO, then you have the right to vote against the acquisition proposal and demand that Highbury convert such shares into a pro rata portion of the trust account, including any interest earned on your pro rata share of the trust account, net of taxes payable, in which a substantial portion of the net proceeds of Highbury’s IPO are held. We sometimes refer to these rights to vote against the acquisition and demand conversion of the shares into a pro rata portion of the trust account, net of taxes payable, as conversion rights. |
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Q. How do I exercise my conversion rights? | | A. If you wish to exercise your conversion rights, you must affirmatively vote against the acquisition proposal and demand that Highbury convert your shares into cash prior to the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting. |
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| | Any action that does not include an affirmative vote against the acquisition will prevent you from exercising your conversion rights. You may demand conversion either by checking the box on the proxy card or by submitting your request in writing to Highbury at the address listed below. If you (i) initially vote for the acquisition proposal but then wish to vote against it and exercise your conversion rights or (ii) initially vote against the acquisition proposal and wish to |
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| | exercise your conversion rights but do not check the box on the proxy card providing for the exercise of your conversion rights or do not send a written request to Highbury to exercise your conversion rights or (iii) initially vote against the acquisition proposal but later wish to vote for it, you may request that Highbury send you another proxy card on which you may indicate your intended vote and, if that vote is against the acquisition proposal, exercise your conversion rights by checking the box provided for such purpose on the proxy card. Any corrected or changed proxy card or written demand for conversion rights must by received by Highbury prior to the close of the vote at the annual meeting. You may also attend the stockholder meeting and vote in person by ballot. However, if your shares are held in the name of your broker, bank or other nominee, you must get a proxy from the broker, bank or other nominee. This is the only way we can be sure that the broker, bank or other nominee has not already voted your shares. |
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| | If, notwithstanding your negative vote, the acquisition is completed, then you will be entitled to receive a pro rata portion of the trust account, including any interest earned thereon (net of taxes payable), calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the acquisition. As of October 24, 2006, there was approximately $44,457,721 in trust and taxes payable of $215,711, so you will be entitled to convert each share of common stock that you hold into approximately $5.71. If you exercise your conversion rights, then you will be exchanging your shares of Highbury common stock for cash and will no longer own these shares. You will be entitled to receive cash for these shares only if you affirmatively vote against the acquisition, demand that Highbury convert such stockholder’s shares into cash equal to a pro rata portion of the funds held in the trust account (net of taxes payable) prior to the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting, continue to hold these shares through the closing of the acquisition and then tender your stock certificate. |
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Q. What happens to the Highbury warrants I hold if I vote against the acquisition proposal and elect to convert my shares of common stock? | | A. Exercise of your conversion rights does not result in either the conversion or loss of your warrants. Your warrants will continue to be outstanding following the conversion of your common stock. However, in the event that Highbury does not consummate a business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, Highbury will be required to dissolve and liquidate and your Highbury warrants will become worthless. |
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Q. What if I object to the proposed acquisition? Do I have appraisal rights? | | A. Highbury stockholders do not have appraisal rights in connection with the acquisition under applicable Delaware corporation law. |
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Q. What happens to the funds in the trust account after consummation of the acquisition? | | A. Upon consummation of the acquisition, Highbury stockholders electing to exercise their conversion rights will receive their pro rata portion of the funds in the trust account including any interest earned on their share of the trust account (net of taxes payable). Highbury will contribute $38.6 million of the funds in the trust account to Aston as a capital contribution to pay the purchase price to the Sellers for the acquired business and will pay ThinkEquity Partners LLC, or TEP, and EarlyBird Capital, Inc., or EBC, an aggregate of $673,333, plus |
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| | accrued interest (net of taxes payable), less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury’s common stock that is converted, in connection with their deferred non-accountable expense allowance from Highbury’s IPO. The balance, if any, will be released to Highbury to be used for working capital to cover Highbury’s operating expenses going forward, and to the extent possible make additional acquisitions, service debt, if any, and if appropriate, repurchase stock. |
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Q. Who will manage Highbury? | | A. All of Highbury’s current officers and directors will continue in their current positions after the acquisition. However, Russell L. Appel’s position is subject to approval of the director election proposal. |
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Q. Who will manage Aston? | | A. A management committee consisting of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson and Gerald Dillenburg will generally manage the day-to-day affairs of Aston, subject to Highbury’s consent as the manager member in certain instances. In addition, Stuart Bilton will serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Kenneth Anderson will serve as President; Gerald Dillenburg will serve as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer; and Christine Dragon will serve as Chief Administrative Officer. See the section entitled “Aston Limited Liability Company Agreement — Management of Aston.” |
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Q. How do my rights as a shareholder of Highbury differ following the acquisition? | | A. There will be no material differences in your rights as a shareholder of Highbury following the acquisition. You will continue to have the same rights under the Delaware General Corporation Law that you have prior to the acquisition, including the right to elect Highbury’s directors. In addition, you will continue to have the same rights under the federal securities laws, including the right to submit proposals for consideration at Highbury’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, as described on page 158 which could, if approved, cause Highbury to take action as the manager member of Aston. Highbury will hold a controlling interest in Aston and act as manager member of Aston. Highbury’s board of directors will determine what actions to take as manager member of Aston, while the day-to-day affairs of Aston are managed by a management committee of Aston. |
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Q. What happens if the acquisition is not consummated? | | A. If the acquisition is not consummated by January 31, 2008 and if Highbury does not otherwise consummate a business combination by July 31, 2007 by locating another acquisition target, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, Highbury will be required to dissolve and liquidate. In any liquidation, the funds held in the trust account, plus any net interest earned thereon (net of taxes payable), together with any remaining out-of-trust net assets, will be distributed pro rata to the holders of Highbury’s common stock acquired in Highbury’s IPO. Holders of Highbury common stock acquired prior to the IPO and in the private placement which occurred contemporaneously with the IPO, including all of Highbury’s officers and directors, have waived any right to any liquidation distribution with respect to those shares. In a liquidation, holders of Highbury’s outstanding warrants would not receive any value for their warrants, and the warrants will expire. Although Highbury will have sufficient funds outside the trust account to search for potential acquisition targets and operate through July 31, 2007, it may not have sufficient funds outside the trust account to consummate a business combination with another target without obtaining additional funds. |
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| | Highbury retained $1,167,348 of the funds raised in its initial public offering outside of the trust account to pay for business, legal and accounting due diligence on prospective acquisitions including legal and accounting fees in connection with the proposed acquisition of the Target Business and general and administrative expenses. As of June 30, 2006, Highbury has spent $347,256 for costs related to the acquisition, $137,750 for directors’ and officers’ insurance and $143,832 for other operating expenses. Actual cash available to Highbury at June 30, 2006 was $566,986, including $25,000 of proceeds from the sale of common stock to the initial stockholders in August 2005, $100 received from the underwriters in connection with the unit purchase option and $3,376 of interest income. In addition, as of June 30, 2006, Highbury has accrued expenses, excluding income taxes payable, of $496,608 related to the investigation and pursuit of the transaction with the Sellers, as well as general and administrative expenses, including legal and accounting fees in connection with the proposed acquisition of the Target Business. |
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Q. When do you expect the acquisition to be completed? | | A. It is currently anticipated that the acquisition will be consummated promptly following the Highbury annual meeting on November 27, 2006. For a description of the conditions to completion of the acquisition, see the section entitled “The Asset Purchase Agreement — Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition.” |
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Q. What do I need to do now? | | A. Highbury urges you to read carefully and consider the information contained in this proxy statement, including the annexes, and to consider how the acquisition will affect you as a stockholder of Highbury. You should then vote as soon as possible in accordance with the instructions provided in this proxy statement and on the enclosed proxy card. |
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Q. How do I vote? | | A. If you are a holder of record of Highbury common stock, you may vote in person at the annual meeting or by submitting a proxy for the annual meeting. You may submit your proxy by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the accompanying preaddressed postage paid envelope. If you hold your shares in “street name,” which means your shares are held of record by a broker, bank or nominee, you must provide the record holder of your shares with instructions on how to vote your shares. |
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Q. If my shares are held in “street name,” will my broker, bank or nominee automatically vote my shares for me? | | A. No. Your broker, bank or nominee cannot vote your shares unless you provide instructions on how to vote in accordance with the information and procedures provided to you by your broker, bank or nominee. |
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Q. What will happen if I abstain from voting or fail to vote? | | A. Because an abstention is deemed to be a vote against a proposal under Delaware law, an abstention will have the same effect as a vote against the acquisition, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal. A failure to vote will have no effect on the approval or disapproval of the acquisition proposal and the adjournment proposal. An abstention or failure to vote will also have the effect of voting against the Article Fifth amendment. Neither an abstention or failure to vote on the acquisition proposal will have the effect of converting your shares of common stock into a pro rata portion of the trust account (net of taxes payable). |
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Q. Can I change my vote after I have mailed my signed proxy or direction form? | | A. Yes. Send a later-dated, signed proxy card to Highbury’s secretary at the address of Highbury’s corporate headquarters prior to the date of the annual meeting or attend the annual meeting in person and vote by ballot. You also may revoke your proxy by sending a notice of revocation to Highbury’s secretary. |
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Q. Do I need to send in my stock certificates? | | A. Highbury stockholders who do not elect to have their shares converted into a pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable) should not submit their stock certificates now or after the acquisition, because their shares will not be converted or exchanged in the acquisition. |
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| | Highbury stockholders who elect to have their shares converted should continue to hold their shares through the closing of the acquisition and then tender their stock certificates to Highbury. See the section entitled “Annual Meeting of Highbury Stockholders – Conversion Rights.” |
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Q. What should I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials? | | A. You may receive more than one set of voting materials, including multiple copies of this proxy statement and multiple proxy cards or voting instruction cards. For example, if you hold your shares in more than one brokerage account, you will receive a separate voting instruction card for each brokerage account in which you hold shares. If you are a holder of record and your shares are registered in more than one name, you will receive more than one proxy card. Please complete, sign, date and return each proxy card and voting instruction card that you receive in order to cast a vote with respect to all of your Highbury shares. |
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Q. What are the federal income tax consequences of the acquisition? | | A. No gain or loss will be recognized by Highbury or its stockholders as a result of the acquisition. A stockholder of Highbury who exercises conversion rights and effects a termination of the stockholder’s interest in Highbury will generally be required to recognize a capital gain or loss upon the exchange of that stockholder’s shares of common stock of Highbury for cash, if such shares were held as a capital asset on the date of the acquisition. Such gain or loss will be measured by the difference between the amount of cash received and the tax basis of that stockholder’s shares of Highbury common stock. No gain or loss will be recognized by non-converting stockholders of Highbury as a result of the acquisition. |
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| | For a description of the material federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, please see the information set forth in “Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Acquisition.” |
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Q. Who can help answer my questions? | | A. If you have questions about the acquisition or if you need additional copies of the proxy statement or the enclosed proxy card you should contact: |
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| | Richard S. Foote Highbury Financial Inc. 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000 Denver, CO 80202 Tel: (303) 357-4802 |
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| | You may also obtain additional information about Highbury from documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, by following the instructions in the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.” |
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SUMMARY OF THE PROXY STATEMENT
This summary highlights selected information from this proxy statement and does not contain all of the information that is important to you. To better understand the acquisition, you should read this entire document carefully, including the asset purchase agreement attached as Annex A to this proxy statement, the relevant side letters attached as Annexes B through E to this proxy statement, the Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation attached as Annex F, the fairness opinion attached as Annex G and the limited liability company agreement of Aston attached as Annex H to this proxy statement. We encourage you to read the asset purchase agreement, side letters and limited liability company agreement carefully. They are the legal documents that govern the acquisition and the other transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement. They are also described in detail elsewhere in this proxy statement.
Highbury Financial Inc.
Highbury is a blank check company organized as a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware on July 13, 2005. It was formed for the purpose of acquiring or acquiring control of, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase or other similar business combination, one or more financial services businesses. On January 31, 2006, it consummated a private placement to its officers and directors with proceeds of $1,000,002 and an IPO of its equity securities from which it derived proceeds, net of costs and expenses, of approximately $42.8 million for a total of approximately $43.8 million. Approximately $42.6 million of the net proceeds of the IPO and private placement and $673,333 of deferred compensation for TEP and EBC from the IPO were placed in a trust account. Such funds, with the interest earned thereon, will be released to Highbury upon consummation of the acquisition, less (a) any amount payable to Highbury stockholders that vote against the acquisition and elect to exercise their conversion rights and (b) an aggregate payment of $673,333, plus accrued interest (net of taxes payable), to TEP and EBC, less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury’s common stock that is converted. To the extent the aggregate amount of the purchase price of the business combination, related fees and expenses, and funds to be paid to converting stockholders exceed the amount in our trust account, Highbury will draw on its revolving line of credit. See the section entitled “Description of Credit Facility.”
The remainder of the net proceeds of the IPO, or approximately $1,167,348, has been or will be used by Highbury to pay the expenses incurred in its pursuit of a business combination as well as general and administrative expenses. As of June 30, 2006, Highbury had spent approximately $625,462 of that amount. As of June 30, 2006, Highbury had accrued expenses, excluding income taxes payable, of $496,608 related to the investigation and pursuit of the transaction with the Sellers, as well as general and administrative expenses. Other than its fundraising activities and the pursuit of a business combination, Highbury has not engaged in any business to date.
If Highbury does not consummate a business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, or this acquisition by January 31, 2008, it will promptly adopt a plan of dissolution and present it to its stockholders. Once the plan of dissolution is approved by Highbury’s stockholders it will distribute to its public stockholders the amount in its trust account including any interest earned thereon (net of taxes payable) plus remaining net assets after payment of its liabilities from non-trust account funds.
The Inside Stockholders have agreed to vote their shares of Highbury common stock in favor of a plan of dissolution.
The Highbury common stock, warrants to purchase common stock and units (each unit consisting of one share of common stock and two warrants to purchase common stock) are currently quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTCBB, under the symbols HBRF for the common stock, HBRFW for the warrants and HBRFU for the units.
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The mailing address of Highbury’s principal executive office is 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, CO 80202, and its telephone number is (303) 357–4802.
The Acquisition
Highbury and Aston are acquiring substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the 19 U.S. mutual funds specified in the asset purchase agreement. The term “substantially all” is intended to indicate that Highbury and Aston are acquiring that portion of the business of the Sellers that is materially necessary for Aston to act as the adviser to the funds, and that any related assets retained by the Sellers are neither material nor unique with respect to such role. Following the acquisition, Aston will delegate the day-to-day portfolio management of the funds to the Sellers or third-party sub-advisors pursuant to sub-advisory agreements. The form of the sub-advisory agreement between Aston and the Sellers is attached as Exhibit I to the asset purchase agreement included as Annex A to this proxy statement.
Highbury, Aston and the Sellers plan to complete the acquisition promptly after the Highbury annual meeting, provided that:
| • | | Highbury’s stockholders have approved the acquisition proposal; |
| • | | holders of 20% or more of the shares of common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO have not voted against the acquisition proposal and demanded conversion of their shares into cash; and |
| • | | the other conditions specified in the asset purchase agreement have been satisfied or waived. |
The consummation of this transaction will establish Highbury as an investment management holding company for which Aston will serve as the initial platform for internal growth and add-on acquisitions. We intend to continue to pursue acquisition opportunities and will seek to establish other accretive partnerships with high quality investment management firms over time. We will seek to provide permanent equity capital to fund buyouts from corporate parents, buyouts of founding or departing partners, growth initiatives or exit strategies for private equity funds. We intend to grant material equity interests to management teams to align their interests with those of our shareholders. Although we do not intend to integrate our acquisitions, we may work with potential future affiliates to execute add-on acquisitions. We will seek to augment and diversify our sources of revenue by investment style, asset class, distribution channel, client type and management team. An asset class is a specific category of assets or investments, such as stocks, bonds, cash, international securities or real estate. At this time, Highbury has no specific plans with respect to the structure or financing of future acquisitions. Such acquisitions may be funded with retained net income or the issuance of debt or equity.
Highbury’s Recommendations to Stockholders
After consideration of the terms and conditions of the asset purchase agreement, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal, the board of directors of Highbury has determined that the acquisition and the transactions contemplated thereby are fair to and in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. The board of directors of Highbury has also determined that the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. In reaching its decision with respect to the acquisition and the transactions contemplated thereby, the board of directors of Highbury reviewed various industry and financial data and the due diligence and evaluation materials in order to determine that the consideration to be paid to the Sellers was reasonable. Further, Highbury received an opinion from Capitalink, annexed as Exhibit G hereto, in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement after the board of directors’ approval of the acquisition, that, in its opinion,
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the acquisition consideration is fair to Highbury’s stockholders from a financial point of view. Accordingly, Highbury’s board of directors recommends that Highbury stockholders vote:
| • | | FOR the acquisition proposal; |
| • | | FOR the Article Fifth amendment; |
| • | | FOR the director election proposal; and |
| • | | FOR the adjournment proposal |
The Article Fifth Amendment
The amendment to Highbury’s certificate of incorporation is being proposed, upon consummation of the acquisition, to eliminate certain provisions which are applicable to Highbury only prior to its completion of a business combination. As a result of the amendment, after the acquisition, Article Fifth of the certificate of incorporation will be deleted.
The Director Election Proposal
The director election proposal is being proposed to elect Russell L. Appel as Director. The term of office of Mr. Appel, a member of the first class of directors, will expire at the annual meeting. Mr. Appel has served on our board of directors since inception.
The Adjournment Proposal
In the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth amendment, the Board of Directors may submit a proposal to adjourn the annual meeting to a later date, or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies.
The Acquired Business
Following the acquisition of the U.S. mutual fund business of ABN AMRO, which we refer to as the acquired business and which will operate as Aston Asset Management LLC, or Aston, in accordance with the asset purchase agreement, the acquired business will act as investment adviser to 19 no-load, open-end mutual funds with approximately $5.5 billion of assets under management as of October 24, 2006. On April 20, 2006, the date the asset purchase agreement was entered into, the Target Funds had $6.1 billion of client assets under management. The largest amount of client assets under management of the acquired business at the end of any calendar quarter was $7.3 billionat the end of the second quarter of2004. Open-end mutual funds are mutual funds with no restrictions on the amount of shares the fund will issue. If demand is high enough, the fund will continue to issue shares. Open-end funds also buy back shares when investors wish to sell.
The acquired business is engaged in the advisory, distribution, marketing, operation, compliance, administration and other functions of operating mutual funds. The acquired business contracts with institutional investment management firms in distinct investment styles to provide sub-advisory services related to portfolio management, research, and security selection and, typically will co-brand each mutual fund with the name of the sub-adviser in addition to the name of the acquired business. Investment styles are investment approaches taken by investment managers to reach their objectives. As investment adviser to the mutual funds, Aston will oversee the sub-advisers, will monitor the investment processes and compliance with the applicable fund prospectuses, and will provide sales, marketing, operations, compliance and administration functions to the mutual funds. In their capacities as sub-advisers, the sub-advisers will be responsible for the day-to-day research, investment
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decisions and portfolio management of each of the mutual funds. For a list of the Target Funds and their sub-advisers see “The Acquisition Proposal—Description of Sub-advisory Agreements.”
Highbury’s purchase of the acquired business is not conditioned on the retention of any of the management or employees of the acquired business after the consummation of the acquisition. Upon the consummation of the acquisition, however, Aston intends to offer employment to substantially all of the current management and employees of the acquired business.
Following completion of the acquisition, Aston will be the investment adviser to the Target Funds. Consistent with current practice, in addition to providing advisory, sales, marketing, operation, compliance, and administration services to the Target Funds, Aston will continue to oversee and monitor the investment processes of the sub-advisers to ensure compliance with the investment styles set forth in the fund prospectuses. The sub-advisers will be responsible for the underlying research, security selection and portfolio management processes without the need for Aston to approve each trade. Aston will also be responsible for identifying new investment managers in the marketplace that can be added to the mutual fund platform. These potential managers are screened by reviewing their investment process, the experience level and depth of the investment professionals, and the investment results relative to a benchmark. All of the Target Funds will utilize sub-advisers. A key part of Aston’s business strategy is focusing on mutual fund sales, marketing, operations, compliance and administration and Aston has intentionally chosen not to have its own internal investment processes.
Aston Limited Liability Company Agreement
Highbury formed Aston Asset Management LLC on April 19, 2006 and became the sole member of Aston. In connection with Highbury and Aston entering into the asset purchase agreement, the limited liability company agreement of Aston was amended and each of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, Gerald Dillenburg, Christine Dragon, Joseph Hays, Betsy Heaberg, David Robinow and John Rouse (collectively referred to herein as the Aston management members) was admitted as a member of Aston. Highbury owns 65% of the membership interests of Aston, and the Aston management members own 35% of the membership interests of Aston. Following consummation of the acquisition, as a result of this amendment to the limited liability company agreement to admit the new members, Highbury will incur a one-time non-cash compensation expense of approximately $20.8 million for the value of such ownership interests. Since none of the Aston management members have any ownership interest in the acquired business, the value of the ownership grant was deemed to be compensatory in nature and not purchase price consideration. For a description of the methodology Highbury used to determine the amount of the $20.8 million compensation expense, see footnote (s) of the section entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements.”
Pursuant to the limited liability company agreement, 72% of the revenues, or the Operating Allocation, of Aston is allocated for use by the Aston management members to pay operating expenses of Aston, including salaries and bonuses. The remaining 28% of the revenues, or Owners’ Allocation, of Aston is allocated to the owners of Aston. The Owners’ Allocation is allocated among the members of Aston according to their relative ownership interests. Currently, 18.2% of total revenues is allocated to Highbury and 9.8% of total revenues is allocated to the Aston management members.
Highbury’s contractual share of revenues has priority over the distributions to the Aston management members in the event Aston’s actual operating expenses exceed the Operating Allocation. As a result, excess expenses first reduce the portion of the Owners’ Allocation allocated to the Aston management members until the Aston management members’ allocation is eliminated, then Highbury’s allocation is reduced. Any reduction in the distribution of revenues to be paid to Highbury is required to be paid to Highbury out of any future excess Operating Allocation and the portion of future Owners’ Allocation allocated to the Aston management members with interest.
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Management of Highbury and Aston
As a result of the acquisition, Aston will own substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds specified in the asset purchase agreement, or the Target Funds. Aston will act as adviser to the mutual funds, which will be re-branded The Aston Funds. Highbury is the manager member and holds 65% of the membership interests of Aston, and the Aston management members hold the remaining 35% of the members interests.
The board of directors and officers of Highbury will remain unchanged following the acquisition. Aston will be managed by a management committee consisting of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson and Gerald Dillenburg. The primary officers of Aston will be Stuart Bilton, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Kenneth Anderson, President; Gerald Dillenburg, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer; and Christine Dragon, Chief Administrative Officer. Certain actions taken by Aston require the consent of Highbury as manager member of Aston. See the section entitled “Aston Limited Liability Company Agreement – Management of Aston.”
Highbury Inside Stockholders
On the record date, directors and executive officers of Highbury and their affiliates (referred to herein as the Highbury Inside Stockholders) beneficially owned and were entitled to vote 1,891,667 shares, or approximately 19.6% of Highbury’s outstanding common stock. These shares were issued to the Highbury Inside Stockholders prior to Highbury’s IPO and in the private placement that occurred contemporaneously with the IPO. In connection with its IPO, Highbury, TEP and EBC, the underwriters of the IPO, entered into agreements with each of the Highbury Inside Stockholders pursuant to which each Highbury Inside Stockholder agreed to vote the shares of Highbury common stock owned by him, including any shares acquired in, or following the IPO, on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the majority of votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO. The Highbury Inside Stockholders also, in connection with the IPO, placed the shares acquired prior to the IPO, other than the shares underlying the 166,667 units the Highbury Inside Stockholders purchased in the private placement, in escrow until January 31, 2009. In addition, the 166,667 units and shares and warrants comprising those units purchased by the Highbury Inside Stockholders in the private placement may not be sold, assigned or transferred until after the successful completion of a business combination by Highbury.
Acquisition Consideration
At the closing, Highbury will make a capital contribution to Aston of $38.6 million in cash, and Aston and Highbury will collectively pay $38.6 million in cash to AAAMHI. The asset purchase agreement provides for a contingent adjustment payment payable in cash shortly after the second anniversary of the closing of the acquisition. In the event the annualized investment advisory fee revenue generated under investment advisory contracts between Aston and the Target Funds or any other funds advised by Aston and sub-advised by the Sellers for the six months prior to the second anniversary of the date of the closing of the acquisition, or the Target Revenue:
| • | | exceeds $41.8 million, Aston and Highbury will collectively pay to AAAMHI the difference between the Target Revenue and $41.8 million, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million; or |
| • | | is less than $34.2 million, AAAMHI will pay to Aston and Highbury the difference between the $34.2 million and the Target Revenue, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million. |
As described on page A-32 the future annualized revenue will be determined based on the definition of “Approved Target Funds” which includes the existing funds and new funds or classes of funds which are advised by Purchaser and sub-advised by Sellers. As a result, in the event that Highbury were to acquire other mutual fund investment managers and the trustees of those mutual funds were to retain sub-advisers affiliated with the Sellers, such revenues would be counted for purposes of calculation of the future annualized revenue. Highbury
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has no present intention to enter into such a transaction. During the time the acquisition agreement, purchase price and contingent adjustment were being negotiated, Highbury estimated that the annualized investment advisory fee revenue of the acquired business was $38.0 million, taking into account projected decreases in assets under management from the level of assets under management at March 31, 2006 and agreed with AAAMHI to set a cap for the adjustment payment, whether payable by Highbury or the Sellers, at $3.8 million, or 10% of $38.0 million. The contingent adjustment payment will not be calculated until the second anniversary of the closing, and will be based on the investment advisory fees generated during the six months leading up to the second anniversary. In the investment management industry, a key measure of value is the revenue run rate of an acquired business. The revenue run rate is determined at a specific point in time by multiplying the amount of assets being managed by the investment adviser by the fee rate that the adviser is paid for its management of such assets. Highbury believes that the estimated revenue run rate at the time of acquisition is a more relevant measure of the value of an acquired business than the historical revenues of such business. The adjustment to the purchase price was based on changes in revenue from the estimated $38 million run rate. It is the estimated revenue run rate, not any historical revenue numbers, which served as a basis for Highbury’s agreement to pay $38.6 million for the acquired business and, therefore, as the basis for the contingent adjustment to the purchase price. The contingent adjustment payment from the Sellers to Highbury allows Highbury to recoup some of its purchase price for the acquired business if the revenues decline more than 10% from the $38 million projection. Similarly, an increase in revenue of more than 10% from the $38 million projection would result in an additional payment.
The projected revenue run rate of $38 million was based on the possibility of decreases in assets under management in the Target Funds after the asset purchase agreement was executed. This level of assets under management was materially lower than the average levels of assets under management in 2004 and 2005 as a result of the net asset outflows in the Target Funds since 2004. Because of this decline and the target revenue outlined in the contingent adjustment payment, Highbury could owe the Sellers a payment even if the acquired business’ revenue is lower than the revenue generated in 2004 and 2005. On April 20, 2006, the date the asset purchase agreement was entered into, the Target Funds had $6.1 billion of client assets under management. The largest amount of client assets under management of the acquired business at the end of any calendar quarter was $7.3 billionat the end of the second quarter of2004.
In 2005 and 2004, when the acquired business had total revenue of approximately $48.9 million and $49.2 million, respectively, the combined net income was not enough to pay the additional $3.8 million in consideration. However, as detailed in the Supplemental Financial Information, the profitability of the acquired business will change materially after the consummation of the acquisition as a result of changes in the sub-advisory fees and employee compensation expenses and other adjustments. Based on Highbury’s 18.2% allocation of Aston’s total revenues, Highbury would have received on a pro forma basis approximately $17.9 million of distributions from Aston in the two-year period of 2005 and 2004 combined. Such distributions, net of taxes and Company operating expenses, would have been more than adequate to pay the $3.8 million additional consideration. In the absence of any adjustments and based solely on the 2005 and 2004 actual historical results, the combined net income in the periods was not enough to pay the $3.8 million in contingent consideration.
As an example, if the acquisition had been consummated two years ago on July 30, 2004, Highbury would be obligated to pay the Sellers an adjustment payment of approximately $300,000 because the Target Revenue, based on the revenue shown on the unaudited combined statements of operations of the acquired business for the six months ended June 30, 2006 included in this Proxy Statement, was approximately $42.1 million annualized, or approximately $300,000 in excess of $41.8 million. If Highbury is required to make a contingent adjustment payment to the Sellers, because applicable revenues exceed the Target Revenue amount, Highbury expects to make the payment to Sellers using its net income, borrowings or revenues from other businesses it may acquire.
If Highbury has cash on hand after the consummation of the transaction, Highbury will use these funds to cover its operating expenses going forward, and to the extent possible make additional acquisitions, service debt, if any, and, if appropriate, repurchase stock.
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Fairness Opinion
Pursuant to an engagement letter dated April 28, 2006, we engaged Capitalink to render an opinion that the acquisition consideration is fair to our stockholders from a financial point of view and that the fair market value of the acquired business is at least equal to 80% of our net assets. Capitalink is an investment banking firm that, as part of its investment banking business, regularly is engaged in the evaluation of businesses and their securities in connection with mergers, acquisitions, corporate restructurings, private placements and other purposes. Our board of directors decided to use the services of Capitalink because it is a recognized investment banking firm that has substantial experience in such matters. We paid Capitalink a non-contingent fee in connection with the preparation and issuance of its opinion and will reimburse Capitalink for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including attorneys’ fees. We have also agreed to indemnify Capitalink against certain liabilities that may arise out of the rendering of the opinion.
Capitalink delivered its written opinion to our board of directors on May 31, 2006, which stated that, as of such date, and based upon and subject to the assumptions made, matters considered, and limitations on its review as set forth in the opinion, (i) the acquisition consideration is fair to our stockholders from a financial point of view, and (ii) the fair market value of the acquired business is at least equal to 80% of our net assets. The amount of such consideration was determined pursuant to negotiations between us and the Sellers and not pursuant to recommendations of Capitalink. The opinion was provided to the board of directors in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement and the determination by our board of directors to submit the acquisition to our stockholders for approval, subsequent to our board of directors’ decision to enter into the asset purchase agreement. Approval by the Highbury stockholders is a condition to the consummation of the business acquisition. The full text of Capitalink’s written opinion, attached hereto as Annex G, is incorporated by reference into this proxy statement. You are urged to read the Capitalink opinion carefully and in its entirety for a description of the assumptions made, matters considered, procedures followed and limitations on the review undertaken by Capitalink in rendering its opinion. The summary of the Capitalink opinion set forth in this proxy statement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the opinion.
Capitalink’s opinion is addressed to our board for its use in connection with its determination to recommend the acquisition proposal to its stockholders for approval. The Capitalink opinion was not available to, or used by, our board in connection with the approval of the acquisition agreement.
Approval of the Shareholders and Trustees of the Target Funds
The Sellers have agreed in the asset purchase agreement to hold a shareholder meeting as promptly as practicable, but no later than November 30, 2006, to obtain shareholder approval for the acquisition and to use their reasonable best efforts to cause the shareholders and trustees of the Target Funds to approve the acquisition. The trustees of the Target Funds approved the acquisition on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained.
Indemnification of Highbury
Subject to limited exceptions, Aston and Highbury’s sole remedy for its rights to indemnification under the asset purchase agreement is $9,000,000, subject to adjustment in the event of any contingent adjustment payment described above. Claims for indemnification may be asserted by Highbury and Aston once the damages exceed $300,000, at which time all claims (including those less than $300,000) may be asserted. However, claims with respect to a deficiency in the amount of working capital to be delivered at the closing are not subject to this threshold. The representations and warranties in the asset purchase agreement shall survive the closing and remain in full force and effect for a period of 24 months.
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Date, Time and Place of Annual Meeting of Highbury’s Stockholders
The annual meeting of the stockholders of Highbury will be held at 8:00 a.m., mountain time, on November 27, 2006, at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202 to consider and vote upon the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal.
Voting Power; Record Date
You will be entitled to vote or direct votes to be cast at the annual meeting if you owned shares of Highbury common stock at the close of business on October 24, 2006, which is the record date for the annual meeting. You will have one vote for each share of Highbury common stock you owned at the close of business on the record date. As of June 30, 2006, there were 9,635,000 shares of Highbury common stock outstanding. Highbury warrants do not have voting rights.
Quorum and Vote of Highbury Stockholders
A quorum of Highbury stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A quorum will be present at the Highbury annual meeting if a majority of the issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote at the meeting are represented in person or by proxy.
| • | | The approval of the acquisition proposal will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO. The acquisition will not be consummated if the holders of 20% (1,548,667 shares) or more of the common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO vote against the acquisition proposal and exercise their conversion rights. Abstentions, but not broker non-votes, will count as present for the purpose of establishing a quorum. |
| • | | The approval of the Article Fifth amendment will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock on the record date. Abstentions and broker non-votes will count as present for the purposes of establishing a quorum. |
| • | | The approval of the director election proposal will require a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. Abstentions, but not broker non-votes, will count as present for the purposes of establishing a quorum. |
| • | | The approval of the adjournment proposal will require a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting. |
Abstentions will have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment and the director election proposal. Broker non-votes will not have the effect of a vote “AGAINST” the acquisition proposal or the director election proposal but will have the effect of a vote “AGAINST” the Article Fifth amendment. Please note that you cannot seek conversion of your shares unless you affirmatively vote against the acquisition.
Relation of Proposals
The approval of the Article Fifth amendment, the director of election proposal and the adjournment proposal are not conditions to the consummation of the acquisition. If the acquisition proposal is not approved, the Article Fifth amendment will not be presented at the meeting for adoption.
Conversion Rights
Pursuant to Highbury’s certificate of incorporation, a holder of shares of Highbury’s common stock issued in its IPO may, if the stockholder votes against the acquisition, demand that Highbury convert such shares into
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cash. This demand must be made in writing prior to the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting. Demand may be made by checking the box on the proxy card provided for that purpose and returning the proxy card in accordance with the instructions provided. If properly demanded, Highbury will convert each share of common stock into a pro rata portion of the trust account including any interest earned on the stockholder’s pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable), calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed business combination. As of October 24, 2006, this amounted to approximately $5.71 per share. On October 24, 2006, the last sale price of Highbury’s common stock as quoted on the OTCBB was $5.71, which is equal to the conversion price on such date. If the per share conversion price is higher than the market price of Highbury’s common stock at the time of the stockholder vote, a stockholder might elect to convert his shares into his pro rata share of the trust account rather than approve the acquisition. In addition, if the acquisition is approved, the market price of our common stock following the consummation of the acquisition may be less than the conversion price. Prior to exercising conversion rights, our stockholders should verify the market price of our common stock as they may receive higher proceeds from the sale of their common stock in the public market than from exercising their conversion rights if the market price per share is higher than the conversion price. An improperly made demand for conversion may be remedied at any time until the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting. If you exercise your conversion rights, then you will be exchanging your shares of Highbury common stock for cash and will no longer own the shares. You will be entitled to receive cash for these shares only if you vote against the acquisition, properly demand conversion, continue to hold these shares through the effective time of the acquisition and then tender your stock certificate to Highbury. If the acquisition is not completed, these shares will not be converted into cash. If we are unable to complete the acquisition by January 31, 2008, or another business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, we will be forced to dissolve and liquidate and we expect that all public stockholders will receive at least the amount they would have received if they sought conversion of their shares and we consummated the acquisition.
The acquisition will not be consummated if the holders of 20% (1,548,667 shares) or more of the common stock issued in Highbury’s IPO exercise their conversion rights.
Appraisal Rights
Highbury stockholders do not have appraisal rights in connection with the acquisition.
Proxies
Proxies may be solicited by mail, telephone or in person. We have engaged Morrow & Co., Inc., or Morrow & Co., to assist us in the solicitation of proxies.
If you grant a proxy, you may still vote your shares in person if you revoke your proxy at or before the annual meeting.
TEP and EBC, the underwriters of Highbury’s IPO, assisted Highbury in holding presentations for certain of its stockholders, as well as other persons who might be interested in purchasing Highbury securities, regarding the acquisition. Upon consummation of the acquisition, Highbury will pay TEP and EBC an aggregate of $673,333, plus accrued interest (net of taxes payable), less approximately $0.11 per share of Highbury common stock that is converted, in connection with the deferred non-accountable expense allowance from Highbury’s IPO, which is currently being held in Highbury’s trust account. Highbury and its directors and executive officers and TEP and EBC may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies for the acquisition proposal.
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Interests of Highbury Directors and Officers and Other Proxy Participants in the Acquisition
When you consider the recommendation of Highbury’s board of directors in favor of adoption of the acquisition proposal, you should keep in mind that Highbury’s executive officers and members of Highbury’s board have interests in the acquisition transaction that are different from, or in addition to, your interests as a stockholder.
| • | | If the acquisition is not approved and Highbury is unable to complete another business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, Highbury will be required to dissolve and liquidate. In such event, the 1,891,667 shares of common stock and 333,334 warrants held by Highbury’s officers and directors and their affiliates that were acquired prior to the IPO and in the private placement that occurred contemporaneously with the IPO for a total consideration of $1,025,002 would be worthless because Highbury’s Inside Stockholders are not entitled to receive any liquidation proceeds with respect to such shares. Such securities had an aggregate market value of $11,128,086 based upon the last sale prices on the OTCBB on October 24, 2006. |
| • | | Highbury’s officers and directors, who acquired shares of Highbury common stock and Highbury units prior to Highbury’s initial public offering for a total consideration of $1,025,002, will benefit if the acquisition is approved. Additionally, in light of the relatively small amount of consideration paid by the Highbury Inside Stockholders they will likely benefit even if the acquisition causes the market price of Highbury’s securities to significantly decrease. This may influence their motivation for promoting the acquisition and/or soliciting proxies in favor of the acquisition proposal. |
| • | | After the completion of the acquisition, R. Bruce Cameron and Richard S. Foote will continue to serve as members of the board of directors of Highbury and they and R. Bradley Forth will continue to serve as our officers. If the director election proposal is approved, Russell L. Appel will continue to serve as a member of the board of directors of Highbury. As such, in the future they may receive cash compensation, board fees, stock options or stock awards if the Highbury board of directors so determines. Highbury currently has no intention to pay any compensation or fees to any of our officers or directors, although our board may elect to do so in the future. |
| • | | If Highbury dissolves and liquidates prior to the consummation of a business combination, Richard S. Foote, our current President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, and R. Bruce Cameron, our current Chairman of the Board, are each personally liable for ensuring that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced by the claims of vendors for services rendered or products sold to us as well as claims of prospective target businesses for fees and expenses of third parties that Highbury agrees in writing to pay in the event Highbury does not complete a business combination. This arrangement was entered into to ensure that, in the event of liquidation, the trust fund is not reduced by claims of creditors. Based on Highbury’s estimated debts and obligations, it is not currently expected that Mr. Foote and Mr. Cameron will have any exposure under this arrangement in the event of liquidation due to a binding written agreement that Highbury has entered into with one of its vendors that caps its fees and expenses in the event a business combination is not consummated. Highbury is not aware of any claims that may result in a claim for indemnification with respect to any fees or expenses to be paid by Highbury. Highbury has obtained an agreement from each of its vendors waiving such vendor’s right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of the public stockholders. |
| • | | The 166,667 units purchased by the Highbury Inside Stockholders in the private placement, and the shares and warrants comprising the units they purchased in the private placement are subject to a lock-up agreement until after the consummation of our initial business combination. The Highbury Inside Stockholders may therefore have personal and financial interests different from those of the public stockholders in that they cannot sell the securities issued in the private placement, for which |
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| they paid an aggregate $1,000,002 until we have completed an acquisition and they will have no rights to receive distributions from Highbury upon Highbury’s dissolution if Highbury fails to consummate a business combination. This may influence their motivation in completing an acquisition in a timely manner to secure the release of their securities. |
| • | | An aggregate payment of $673,333, plus accrued interest (net of taxes payable), will be paid to TEP and EBC, less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury common stock that is converted, upon the consummation of a business combination, as deferred compensation from the IPO. TEP and EBC may have financial interests different from the public stockholders due to this deferred compensation that is only payable upon consummation of a business combination. This may influence their motivation for promoting the acquisition and/or soliciting proxies in favor of the acquisition proposal. |
In addition, the exercise of our directors’ and officers’ discretion in agreeing to changes or waivers in the terms of the acquisition may result in a conflict of interest when determining whether such changes or waivers are appropriate and in our stockholders’ best interest.
Conditions to the Closing of the Acquisition
Consummation of the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement and the related transactions are conditioned on the Highbury stockholders adopting the acquisition proposal. If stockholders owning 20% or more of the shares sold in the IPO vote against the transaction and properly exercise their right to convert their shares purchased in the IPO into a pro rata portion of the funds held in trust (net of taxes payable) by Highbury for the benefit of the holders of shares purchased in the IPO, then the acquisition cannot be consummated.
In addition, the consummation of the acquisition is conditioned upon the following, among other things:
| • | | no injunction, restraining order or other ruling or order being issued by any governmental authority preventing the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | the delivery by each party to the other party of a certificate to the effect that the representations and warranties of the delivering party are true and correct in all material respects as of the closing and all covenants contained in the acquisition agreement have been materially complied with by the delivering party; |
| • | | requisite consents, waivers, authorizations and approvals set forth in the asset purchase agreement having been obtained; |
| • | | requisite approval of the stockholders of the Target Funds shall have been obtained with respect to Target Funds having assets under management representing at least 90% of the assets under management as of April 20, 2006, the date of the asset purchase agreement, of all of the Target Funds of new investment advisory agreements with Aston and of sub-advisory agreements between Aston and the sub-advisers. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained; and |
| • | | the execution and delivery by the applicable sub-advisers and Aston of sub-advisory agreements in the form and with such terms as attached to the asset purchase agreement, which is included as Exhibit A to this Proxy Statement. |
The Sellers’ Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition
The obligations of the Sellers to consummate the transactions contemplated by the purchase agreement, in addition to the conditions described above, are conditioned upon, among other things, the receipt by Sellers of a
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legal opinion substantially in the form annexed to the asset purchase agreement, which is customary for transactions of this nature, from Bingham McCutchen LLP, counsel to Highbury.
Highbury’s Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition
The obligations of Highbury to consummate the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement, in addition to the conditions described above in the second paragraph of this section, are conditioned upon each of the following, among other things:
| • | | there shall have been no material adverse effect with respect to any Seller or any Target Fund since the date of the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | the working capital of the acquired business of the Sellers shall be at least $3.5 million at the closing; |
| • | | one of the interested trustees of the Target Funds shall have resigned; |
| • | | Highbury shall have received a legal opinion substantially in the form annexed to the asset purchase agreement, which is customary for transactions of this nature, from Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, counsel to Sellers; and |
| • | | Highbury shall have received “comfort” letters from Ernst & Young LLP, dated the date of distribution of this proxy statement and the date of consummation of the acquisition, in forms customary for transactions of this nature, confirming that certain financial data in this proxy statement, other than the numbers in the actual financial statements, are derived from the financial statements and/or accounting records of the acquired business and the Target Funds. |
Termination, Amendment and Waiver
The asset purchase agreement may be terminated at any time, but not later than the closing, as follows:
| • | | by mutual written consent of AAAMHI, on the one hand, and Highbury and Aston, on the other hand; |
| • | | by either Highbury and Aston or the Sellers if a government entity shall have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action, in each case permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement, and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become final and non-appealable; |
| • | | by Highbury and Aston at any time when a Seller is in breach of any covenant or if any representation or warranty of any Seller is false or misleading (except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect), unless such breach is cured within specified periods; |
| • | | by the Sellers at any time when Highbury or Aston is in breach of any covenant or if any representation or warranty of Highbury or Aston is false or misleading (except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect), unless such breach is cured within specified periods; |
| • | | by Highbury or Aston in the event that the Sellers have not delivered required financial information to the Highbury Entities within 90 days following the signing; |
| • | | by either Highbury, Aston or the Sellers if the Closing has not occurred on or before December 31, 2006; provided, however, that such right to terminate the asset purchase agreement shall not be available to any party whose breach of any covenant or agreement pursuant to the asset purchase agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the closing to occur on or before such date; or |
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| • | | by either Highbury, Aston or the Sellers if the requisite approvals of the trustees and the stockholders of the Target Funds are not received on or before December 31, 2006. The trustees of the Target Funds gave their approval on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained. |
The asset purchase agreement does not specifically address the rights of a party in the event of a refusal or wrongful failure of the other party to consummate the acquisition. In such event, the non-wrongful party would be entitled to assert its legal rights for breach of contract against the wrongful party.
If permitted under applicable law, either the Sellers, Aston, or Highbury may waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties made to such party contained in the asset purchase agreement and waive compliance with any agreements or conditions for its benefit contained in the asset purchase agreement. We cannot assure you that any or all of the conditions will be satisfied or waived. However, the condition that the holders of less than 20% of the shares of Highbury common stock issued in its IPO demand conversion cannot be waived.
Quotation
Highbury’s outstanding common stock, warrants and units are quoted on the OTCBB. Highbury will use its best efforts to cause the common stock, warrants and units outstanding prior to the acquisition to continue to be quoted on the OTCBB following the completion of the acquisition.
Tax Consequences of the Acquisition
For a description of the material federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, please see the information set forth in “Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Acquisition.”
Accounting Treatment
The transaction will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting as a purchase of assets in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired will be recorded on Highbury’s balance sheet. The difference between the purchase price, plus capitalized transaction costs, and the net fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities will be recorded as goodwill or other intangible assets. The identifiable intangible assets are of indefinite life and will not be amortized for accounting purposes, but instead will be tested at least annually for impairment.
Regulatory Matters
The acquisition and the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement are not subject to any additional federal or state regulatory requirement or approval, provided that execution of advisory agreements between Aston and each Target Fund is subject to the approval of the trustees and shareholders of each Target Fund in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act.
Risk Factors
In evaluating the acquisition proposal and the Article Fifth amendment, you should carefully read this proxy statement and especially consider the factors discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors.”
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheets combine the historical balance sheets of the acquired business and Highbury as of June 30, 2006, giving effect to the transactions described in the asset purchase agreement as if they had occurred on June 30, 2006.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations combine (i) the historical statement of operations of Highbury for the period beginning July 13, 2005, the date of Highbury’s inception, to December 31, 2005 and the historical combined statement of operations of the acquired business for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2005, (ii) the historical statement of operations of Highbury and the historical combined statement of operations of the acquired business each, for the six months ended June 30, 2006, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2006 and (iii) the historical statement of operations of the acquired business, for the six months ended June 30, 2005, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2005. In all cases, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations assume Highbury’s initial public offering was consummated on the first day of the reporting period. We have adopted this convention so that the presentation of shares outstanding is consistent across all periods presented.
We have included financial information taking into account the following two scenarios: (i) no stockholders elect to convert their shares of common stock in connection with the acquisition and (ii) stockholders holding 1,548,666 shares of our outstanding common stock elect to convert their shares in connection with the acquisition. If stockholders holding 1,548,667 or more shares of our outstanding common stock elect to convert their shares, the acquisition will not be consummated.
We are providing this information to aid you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the acquisition. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements described above should be read in conjunction with the historical financial statements of Highbury and the historical combined statement of the acquired business and the related notes thereto. The pro forma adjustments are preliminary, and the unaudited pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of the financial position or results of operations that may have actually occurred had the acquisition taken place on the dates noted, or the future financial position or operating results of Highbury. In addition, the allocation of the acquisition purchase price shown in the pro forma adjustments is preliminary and will be subject to a final determination upon closing of the acquisition. The final determination of the purchase price allocation may result in material allocation differences when compared to this preliminary allocation and the impact of the revised allocation may have a material effect on the actual results of the operation and financial position of the combined entities.
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,825,615 | | $ | 566,986 | | | $ | 43,890,907 | (a) | | $ | 7,023,677 | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,325,615 | )(b) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (38,600,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,000,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 347,256 | (h) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (673,333 | )(d) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (8,139 | )(e) | | | | |
| | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, held in trust | | | — | | | 43,890,907 | | | | (43,890,907 | )(a) | | | — | |
Advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 3,650,918 | | | — | | | | (3,650,918 | )(f) | | | — | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | — | | | 105,355 | | | | — | | | | 105,355 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 9,476,533 | | | 44,563,248 | | | | (46,910,749 | ) | | | 7,129,032 | |
| | | | |
Goodwill | | | 10,518,750 | | | — | | | | (10,518,750 | )(g) | | | 23,618,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | 23,618,000 | (c) | | | | |
| | | | |
Other intangible assets, net | | | 22,045,000 | | | — | | | | (22,045,000 | )(g) | | | — | |
Identifiable intangibles | | | — | | | — | | | | 13,032,000 | (c) | | | 13,032,000 | |
Deferred acquisition costs | | | — | | | 756,965 | | | | (756,965 | )(h) | | | — | |
Deferred tax assets, net | | | — | | | 128,175 | | | | (128,175 | )(i) | | | — | |
Other assets | | | 1,635 | | | — | | | | 448,365 | (c) | | | 450,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | (43,261,274 | ) | | $ | 44,229,032 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | — | | $ | 496,608 | | | $ | (409,709 | )(h) | | $ | 86,899 | |
Accounts payable - affiliates | | | 1,408,688 | | | — | | | | (1,408,688 | )(f) | | | — | |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | 477,547 | | | — | | | | (477,547 | )(f) | | | — | |
Income taxes payable | | | — | | | 68,185 | | | | (128,175 | )(i) | | | (59,990 | ) |
Common stock warrants | | | — | | | 14,238,000 | | | | — | | | | 14,238,000 | |
Underwriters’ purchase option | | | — | | | 788,000 | | | | — | | | | 788,000 | |
| | | | |
Deferred underwriting fees | | | — | | | 673,333 | | | | (673,333 | )(d) | | | — | |
Deferred investment income | | | — | | | 112,795 | | | | (8,139 | )(e) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | (104,656 | )(j) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 1,886,235 | | | 16,376,921 | | | | (3,210,247 | ) | | | 15,052,909 | |
| | | | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 765,612 | | | — | | | | (765,612 | )(f) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 2,651,847 | | | 16,376,921 | | | | (3,975,859 | ) | | | 15,052,909 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, subject to possible conversion | | | — | | | 8,657,910 | | | | (8,657,910 | )(k) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock | | | | | | 964 | | | | — | | | | 964 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 39,390,071 | | | 25,834,808 | | | | (2,325,615 | )(b) | | | 34,492,718 | |
| | | | | | | | | | (1,501,635 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,000,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (999,071 | )(f) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (10,518,750 | )(g) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (22,045,000 | )(g) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 8,657,910 | (k) | | | | |
| | | | |
Income (deficit) accumulated | | | | | | (5,422,215 | ) | | | 104,656 | (j) | | | (5,317,559 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 39,390,071 | | | 20,413,557 | | | | (30,627,505 | ) | | | 29,176,123 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | (43,261,274 | ) | | $ | 44,229,032 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,825,615 | | $ | 566,986 | | | $ | 43,890,907 | (a) | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,325,615 | )(b) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (38,600,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,000,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 347,256 | (h) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (673,333 | )(d) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (8,139 | )(e) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 167,334 | (l) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (8,657,910 | )(m) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (104,656 | )(n) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 1,571,555 | (o) | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, held in trust | | | — | | | 43,890,907 | | | | (43,890,907 | )(a) | | | — | |
Advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 3,650,918 | | | — | | | | (3,650,918 | )(f) | | | — | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | — | | | 105,355 | | | | — | | | | 105,355 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 9,476,533 | | | 44,563,248 | | | | (53,934,426 | ) | | | 105,355 | |
| | | | |
Goodwill | | | 10,518,750 | | | — | | | | (10,518,750 | )(g) | | | 23,618,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | 23,618,000 | (c) | | | | |
| | | | |
Other intangible assets, net | | | 22,045,000 | | | — | | | | (22,045,000 | )(g) | | | — | |
Identifiable intangibles | | | — | | | — | | | | 13,032,000 | (c) | | | 13,032,000 | |
Deferred acquisition costs | | | — | | | 756,965 | | | | (756,965 | )(h) | | | — | |
Deferred tax assets, net | | | — | | | 128,175 | | | | (128,175 | )(i) | | | — | |
Other assets | | | 1,635 | | | — | | | | 448,365 | (c) | | | 450,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | (50,284,951 | ) | | $ | 37,205,355 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | — | | $ | 496,608 | | | $ | (409,709 | )(h) | | $ | 86,899 | |
Accounts payable - affiliates | | | 1,408,688 | | | — | | | | (1,408,688 | )(f) | | | — | |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | 477,547 | | | — | | | | (477,547 | )(f) | | | — | |
Income taxes payable | | | — | | | 68,185 | | | | (86,378 | )(i) | | | (18,193 | ) |
Common stock warrants | | | — | | | 14,238,000 | | | | — | | | | 14,238,000 | |
Underwriters’ purchase option | | | — | | | 788,000 | | | | — | | | | 788,000 | |
Deferred underwriting fees | | | — | | | 673,333 | | | | (673,333 | )(d) | | | — | |
Deferred investment income | | | — | | | 112,795 | | | | (8,139 | )(e) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | (104,656 | )(n) | | | | |
Revolving line of credit | | | — | | | — | | | | 1,571,555 | (o) | | | 1,571,555 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 1,886,235 | | | 16,376,921 | | | | (1,596,895 | ) | | | 16,666,261 | |
| | | | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 765,612 | | | — | | | | (765,612 | )(f) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 2,651,847 | | | 16,376,921 | | | | (2,362,507 | ) | | | 16,666,261 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, subject to possible conversion | | | — | | | 8,657,910 | | | | (8,657,910 | )(m) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock | | | | | | 964 | | | | (155 | )(m) | | | 809 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 39,390,071 | | | 25,834,808 | | | | (2,325,615 | )(b) | | | 26,002,297 | |
| | | | | | | | | | (1,501,635 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (2,000,000 | )(c) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (999,071 | )(f) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (10,518,750 | )(g) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (22,045,000 | )(g) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 167,334 | (l) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 155 | (m) | | | | |
| | | | |
Income (deficit) accumulated | | | | | | (5,422,215 | ) | | | (41,797 | )(i) | | | (5,464,012 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 39,390,071 | | | 20,413,557 | | | | (39,264,534 | ) | | | 20,539,094 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | (50,284,951 | ) | | $ | 37,205,355 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
27
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
JULY 13, 2005 (INCEPTION) - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (HIGHBURY)
JANUARY 1, 2005 - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (ACQUIRED BUSINESS)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 48,927,074 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 48,927,074 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 40,405,752 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 40,405,742 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 8,521,322 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,521,322 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 5,194,449 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,194,449 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 3,318,263 | | | | 2,452 | | | | — | (p) | | | 3,320,715 | |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | | — | | | | 71,477 | (q) | | | 71,477 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 32,282,295 | | | | 2,452 | | | | 71,477 | | | | 32,356,224 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (23,760,973 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (71,477 | ) | | | (23,834,902 | ) |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 133,524 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 133,524 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (23,627,449 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (71,477 | ) | | | (23,701,378 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,341,358 | )(s) | | | (8,341,358 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (23,627,449 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | 8,269,881 | | | | (15,360,020 | ) |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | | — | | | | (871,969 | )(t) | | | (871,969 | ) |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | | — | | | | 905,397 | (t) | | | 905,397 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (23,627,449 | ) | | $ | (2,452 | ) | | $ | 8,236,453 | | | $ | (15,393,448 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | | 1,725,000 | | | | | | | | 9,635,000 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1.60 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | | 1,725,000 | | | | | | | | 9,635,000 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1.60 | ) |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
28
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
JULY 13, 2005 (INCEPTION) - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (HIGHBURY)
JANUARY 1, 2005 - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (ACQUIRED BUSINESS)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 48,927,074 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 48,927,074 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 40,405,752 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 40,405,752 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 8,521,322 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,521,322 | |
| | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 5,194,449 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,194,449 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 3,318,263 | | | | 2,452 | | | | — | (p) | | | 3,320,715 | |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | | — | | | | 71,477 | (q) | | | 71,477 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 32,282,295 | | | | 2,452 | | | | 71,477 | | | | 32,356,224 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (23,760,973 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (71,477 | ) | | | (23,834,902 | ) |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 133,524 | | | | — | | | | (273,566 | )(r) | | | (140,042 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (23,627,449 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (345,043 | ) | | | (23,974,944 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,341,358 | )(s) | | | (8,341,358 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (23,627,449 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) | | | 7,996,315 | | | | (15,633,586 | ) |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | | — | | | | (973,341 | )(t) | | | (973,341 | ) |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | | — | | | | 905,397 | (t) | | | 905,397 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (23,627,449 | ) | | $ | (2,452 | ) | | $ | 8,064,259 | | | $ | (15,565,642 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | | 1,725,000 | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1.92 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | | 1,725,000 | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1.92 | ) |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
29
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 21,740,330 | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 21,740,330 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 15,986,720 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 15,986,720 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 5,753,610 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,753,610 | |
| | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,220,163 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,220,163 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,851,856 | | | 260,674 | | | | — | (p) | | | 2,112,530 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | — | | | | 35,739 | (q) | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,072,019 | | | 260,674 | | | | 35,739 | | | | 4,368,432 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 1,681,591 | | | (260,674 | ) | | | (35,739 | ) | | | 1,385,178 | |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 150,279 | | | 721,921 | | | | 112,795 | (j) | | | 210,052 | |
| | | | | | | | | | (774,943 | )(r) | | | | |
Loss from derivative liabilities - warrants | | | — | | | (5,537,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,537,000 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities - UPO | | | — | | | (174,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (174,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 1,831,870 | | | (5,249,753 | ) | | | (697,887 | ) | | | (4,115,770 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | — | | | | 576,048 | (s) | | | 576,048 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 1,831,870 | | | (5,249,753 | ) | | | (1,273,935 | ) | | | (4,691,818 | ) |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | 298,185 | | | | (298,185 | )(v) | | | 151,317 | |
| | | | | | | | | | 151,317 | (t) | | | | |
| | | | |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | — | | | | 226,349 | (t) | | | 226,349 | |
Income taxes–other deferred | | | — | | | (128,175 | ) | | | 128,175 | (v) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 1,831,870 | | $ | (5,419,763 | ) | | $ | (1,481,591 | ) | | $ | (5,069,484 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | | | | | 9,635,000 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | | | | | $ | (0.53 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | | | | | 9,635,000 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | | | | | $ | (0.53 | ) |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
30
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 21,740,330 | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 21,740,330 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 15,986,720 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 15,986,720 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 5,753,610 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,753,610 | |
| | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,220,163 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,220,163 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,851,856 | | | 260,674 | | | | — | (p) | | | 2,112,530 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | — | | | | 35,739 | (q) | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,072,019 | | | 260,674 | | | | 35,739 | | | | 4,368,432 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 1,681,591 | | | (260,674 | ) | | | (35,739 | ) | | | 1,385,178 | |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 150,279 | | | 721,921 | | | | (941,262 | )(r) | | | (69,062 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities - warrants | | | — | | | (5,537,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,537,000 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities - UPO | | | — | | | (174,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (174,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 1,831,870 | | | (5,249,753 | ) | | | (977,001 | ) | | | (4,394,884 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | — | | | | 576,048 | (s) | | | 576,048 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 1,831,870 | | | (5,249,753 | ) | | | (1,553,049 | ) | | | (4,970,932 | ) |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | 298,185 | | | | (298,185 | )(v) | | | 47,889 | |
| | | | | | | | | | 47,889 | (t) | | | | |
| | | | |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | — | | | | 226,349 | (t) | | | 226,349 | |
Income taxes–other deferred | | | — | | | (128,175 | ) | | | 128,175 | (v) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 1,831,870 | | $ | (5,419,763 | ) | | $ | (1,657,277 | ) | | $ | (5,245,170 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | | | | | $ | (0.65 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | | | | | $ | (0.65 | ) |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
31
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 25,932,436 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 25,932,436 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 21,676,346 | | | — | | | — | | | | 21,676,346 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,256,090 | | | — | | | — | | | | 4,256,090 | |
| | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,612,580 | | | — | | | — | | | | 2,612,580 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,531,404 | | | — | | | — | | | | 1,531,404 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | — | | | 35,739 | (q) | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,143,984 | | | — | | | 35,739 | | | | 4,179,723 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 112,106 | | | — | | | (35,739 | ) | | | 76,367 | |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 48,913 | | | — | | | — | | | | 48,913 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 161,019 | | | — | | | (35,739 | ) | | | 125,280 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | — | | | 26,728 | (s) | | | 26,728 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 161,019 | | | — | | | (62,467 | ) | | | 98,552 | |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | — | | | (189,830 | )(t) | | | (189,830 | ) |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | — | | | 226,349 | (t) | | | 226,349 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 161,019 | | $ | — | | $ | (98,986 | ) | | $ | 62,033 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | 9,635,000 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 0.01 | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,411,357 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 0.01 | |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
32
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Acquired Business | | Highbury Financial Inc. | | Pro Forma Adjustments | | | Pro Forma Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 25,932,436 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 25,932,436 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 21,676,346 | | | — | | | — | | | | 21,676,346 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,256,090 | | | — | | | — | | | | 4,256,090 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,612,580 | | | — | | | — | | | | 2,612,580 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,531,404 | | | — | | | — | | | | 1,531,404 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | — | | | — | | | 35,739 | (q) | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,143,984 | | | — | | | 35,739 | | | | 4,179,723 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 112,106 | | | — | | | (35,739 | ) | | | 76,367 | |
| | | | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income / (expense) | | | 48,913 | | | — | | | (117,975 | )(r) | | | (69,062 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 161,019 | | | — | | | (153,714 | ) | | | 7,305 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | — | | | — | | | 26,728 | (s) | | | 26,728 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 161,019 | | | — | | | (180,442 | ) | | | (19,423 | ) |
| | | | |
Income taxes–current | | | — | | | — | | | (233,547 | )(t) | | | (233,547 | ) |
Income taxes–intangible-related deferred | | | — | | | — | | | 226,350 | | | | 226,350 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 161,019 | | $ | — | | $ | (173,245 | ) | | $ | (12,226 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | |
Net income (loss) per share - basic | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,086,334 | (u) |
Net income (loss) per share - diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (0.00 | ) |
See notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
33
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF TRANSACTION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The asset purchase agreement provides for the acquisition of the acquired business by Aston, with funds provided by a capital contribution from Highbury for an aggregate purchase price of $38,600,000, payable in cash at the closing. Highbury, Aston and the Sellers plan to complete the acquisition promptly after the Highbury annual meeting, provided that:
| • | | Highbury’s stockholders have approved the acquisition proposal; |
| • | | the Trustees of the Target Funds have approved the acquisition (such approval was obtained on May 9, 2006); |
| • | | the stockholders of the Target Funds have approved the acquisition (such approval was obtained for all of the Target Funds on September 20, 2006); |
| • | | holders of less than 20% of the IPO shares properly elect to convert their shares into cash; and |
| • | | the other conditions specified in the asset purchase agreement have been satisfied or waived. |
NOTE 2. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS
Adjustments included in the column under the heading “Pro forma Adjustments” include the following:
| a. | To reflect the funds held in the trust account by Highbury that will be released in connection with the acquisition. |
| b. | To reflect the difference between the acquired business’ cash of $5,825,615 and the acquired cash of $3,500,000. |
| c. | To reflect the purchase price, the costs of the acquisition and the related allocation thereof to the fair values of assets and liabilities acquired: |
| | | |
Purchase price | | $ | 38,600,000 |
Costs of the acquisition | | | 2,000,000 |
| | | |
| | $ | 40,600,000 |
| | | |
Working capital | | $ | 3,500,000 |
Fixed assets | | | 450,000 |
Goodwill | | | 23,618,000 |
Identifiable intangibles | | | 13,032,000 |
| | | |
| | $ | 40,600,000 |
| | | |
The purchase price (i) excludes up to $3.8 million that would be payable if the annualized investment advisory fee revenue generated under investment advisory contracts for the six months prior to the second anniversary of the closing of the acquisition exceeds $41.8 million and (ii) includes up to $3.8 million that would be refundable if the annualized investment advisory fee revenue generated under investment advisory contracts for the six months prior to the second anniversary of the closing of the acquisition is less than $34.2 million. This increase or decrease in consideration will be recorded when the contingency is resolved and additional consideration is receivable or refundable. Highbury will record any additional consideration issued as an additional cost of the acquired entity and such amount will increase the allocation to goodwill. If Highbury receives a refund of amounts paid, the amount refunded will be recorded as a decrease in the cost of the acquired entity and such amount will decrease the allocation to goodwill.
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Highbury currently believes the total costs of the acquisition will be approximately $2,000,000 including, but not limited to, legal fees and expenses, accounting fees, proxy solicitation costs and printing fees. These costs will be paid from the funds available to Highbury. As of June 30, 2006, $756,965 of such costs have been accrued and recorded as deferred acquisition costs on Highbury’s balance sheet. As of June 30, 2006, $347,256 of such costs have been paid.
The purchase price and the other costs of the acquisition of the acquired business are allocated based on the fair value of net assets acquired. Highbury will acquire $3.5 million of cash and approximately $450,000 of fixed assets, including furniture and equipment, information technology resources and other assets. In connection with this transaction, AAAMHI has committed to pay Highbury or Aston up to $250,000 for the purchase of new furniture and equipment and up to $175,000 for the purchase of new information technology systems and infrastructure. These assets are not reflected on the balance sheet of the acquired business as of June 30, 2006 but will be in place at the closing of the transaction. Highbury estimates that the fair market value of all other fixed assets acquired is approximately $25,000. See Note (q) for additional information about the fixed assets acquired.
A substantial amount of the purchase price is allocated to identifiable intangibles, which are the acquired mutual fund advisory contracts. In determining the allocation of the purchase price to the acquired mutual fund advisory contracts, Highbury has analyzed the present value of the acquired business’ existing mutual fund advisory contracts based on a number of factors including: the acquired business’ historical and potential future operating performance; the historical and potential future rates of new business from new and existing clients and attrition among existing clients; the stability and longevity of existing advisory and sub-advisory relationships; the acquired business’ recent, as well as long-term, investment performance; the characteristics of the acquired business’ products and investment styles; the stability and depth of the management team; and the acquired business’ history and perceived franchise or brand value.
Highbury has determined that the acquired mutual fund advisory contracts of the acquired business meet the indefinite life criteria outlined in FAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, because Highbury assumes there is no foreseeable limit on the contract period due to the likelihood of continued renewal at little or no cost and therefore expects the cash flows generated by these assets to continue indefinitely.
The Target Funds represent 19 separate series of a single Delaware business trust which is an indefinite life vehicle. The terms of Aston’s advisory contracts with the Target Funds will provide for the periodic review and renewal of the advisory contracts. Since the formation of the Target Funds, their advisory contracts with their adviser have typically been continually renewed at little or no cost to the acquired business.
Highbury has no basis to believe these contracts will not be renewed continually in the future. Highbury expects that new funds may be created within the business trust in the future to satisfy demand in the market and understands that mutual funds may be merged or closed over time, although there are no such plans now. As a result, Highbury believes that Aston’s mutual funds may change over time but expects that revenues under investment advisory contracts with the mutual funds will continue to generate cash flows for Aston. Accordingly, Highbury does not intend to amortize these intangible assets, but instead will review these assets at least annually for impairment.
Aston’s advisory agreements with the Target Funds give the Funds’ trustees the authority to terminate the advisory contracts at any time. Such a termination event might occur if, for example, Aston fails to maintain adequate compliance functions, has insufficient resources to manage the Target Funds or engages in fraudulent activities. In the event of such a termination, Highbury may
35
determine that the intangible assets have been impaired and recognize an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of the intangible assets to their then-fair value. Each reporting period, Highbury will assess whether events or circumstances have occurred which indicate that the indefinite life criteria are no longer met. If the indefinite life criteria are no longer met, Highbury will assess whether the carrying value of the assets exceeds their fair value, and an impairment loss will be recorded in an amount equal to any such excess.
The excess of purchase price for the acquisition of the acquired business over the fair value of net assets acquired, including acquired mutual fund advisory contracts, is reported as goodwill. Goodwill will not be amortized, but will instead be reviewed for impairment. Highbury will assess goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that the recorded goodwill may be impaired. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss will be recorded in an amount equal to that excess.
In addition to a termination of Aston’s advisory contracts as discussed above, there are many risks related to the financial services industry and Aston which could negatively impact Aston in the future and potentially lead to impairment charges. The financial services industry faces regulatory risk and Aston may experience reduced revenues and profitability if its services are not regarded as compliant with regulatory statutes. In addition, downward pressure on Aston’s fees as a result of price competition in the mutual fund industry or a market or general economic downturn could lead to losses of revenue and profitability. For more information on risks which may cause the goodwill or intangible assets to be impaired and lead to an impairment charge, please see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to the Financial Services Industry and Aston.”
This purchase price allocation is preliminary and will be subject to a final determination upon closing of the acquisition of the acquired business by Highbury. The final determination of the purchase price allocation may result in material allocation differences when compared to this preliminary allocation and the impact of the revised allocation may have a material effect on the actual results of operation and financial position of the combined entities.
| d. | To reflect payment of the underwriters’ deferred compensation of $673,333. |
| e. | To reflect payment of accrued interest on the underwriters’ deferred compensation. |
| f. | To remove assets and liabilities of the acquired business that Highbury will not acquire. |
| g. | Goodwill and other intangibles of the acquired business will be eliminated under purchase accounting. As explained in Note (c), Highbury has established new values for the goodwill and other intangibles as of the closing of the acquisition. |
| h. | To reverse accrual of deferred acquisition costs (a portion of the $2,000,000 of estimated costs of acquisition described in Note (c) above) and adjust for amounts paid prior to the acquisition. |
| i. | To reflect deductibility of expenses previously deferred and tax effect of recognition or return of income in Note (j) or Note (n). |
| j. | To reflect recognition of deferred investment income. |
| k. | After the consummation of the acquisition no common stock will be subject to potential conversion. |
| l. | To reflect reduction in payment of underwriters’ deferred compensation by approximately $0.11 per share that the shareholders elect to convert in connection with the business combination. |
| m. | To reflect maximum possible conversion of 1,548,666 shares by owners of Highbury’s common stock into cash upon consummation of the acquisition. After the conversion, these shares will no longer be outstanding. If holders of more than 1,548,666 shares vote against the acquisition and elect to convert their shares to cash, the acquisition will not be consummated. |
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| n. | To reflect payment of pro rata interest earned on the trust account (gross of taxes payable) to holders of Highbury’s common stock who elect to convert their shares into cash upon consummation of the acquisition. |
| o. | To reflect cash drawn on the revolving credit facility to be available to Highbury upon consummation of the acquisition. |
| p. | In connection with the transaction, the acquired business will relocate and enter into a new lease agreement. Highbury expects the annual obligations under a new lease agreement to be approximately $350,000. If such a lease agreement had been in place for the acquired business during the periods presented in the pro forma analysis, occupancy costs (included in other operating costs) would have been reduced by $72,926 for the year ended December 31, 2005, and $63,518 and $30,002 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005, respectively. |
| q. | To reflect depreciation of fixed assets of the acquired business according to the following schedule: |
| | | | | |
Type of Asset | | Fair Value of Assets | | Useful Life (years) |
Information technology | | $ | 175,000 | | 4 |
Furniture and equipment | | | 250,000 | | 11 |
Other | | | 25,000 | | 5 |
| | | | | |
| | $ | 450,000 | | |
| r. | To reflect pro forma interest income (expense) incurred by the combined business for the period presented. Cash deficits incur interest expense at an annualized rate of 7.75% for the entire period of presentation, assuming the principal balance remains unchanged throughout the period. This interest expense is equal to the JPMorgan Chase Bank U.S. Prime Rate as of June 30, 2006 minus 0.50% and is consistent with the terms outlined in the Credit Agreement executed by Highbury with City National Bank on August 21, 2006. In the event Highbury has cash on hand after the transaction, Highbury’s cash balances may be eligible to earn interest. However, given the uncertainty regarding the use of cash after the business combination, interest income earned by Highbury in the period ended June 30, 2006 has been excluded and no interest income (in excess of interest income earned by the acquired business in the applicable period) has been included in the pro forma financial statements for the “Assumes No Conversion” scenarios. |
| s. | Equal to Aston management’s 35% share of the income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes of the acquired business. Upon consummation of the transaction, as a result of the amendment to the limited liability company amendment to admit the Aston management members, Highbury will incur a one-time, non-cash compensation charge of approximately $20.8 million. Since this is a non-recurring item, it has not been included in the accompanying pro forma statements of operations. |
To establish the $20.8 million compensation charge for financial reporting purposes, Highbury used an asset-based approach. Based on the purchase price of $38.6 million, our management team determined that the minimum value of Highbury’s 65% manager membership interest in Aston was $38.6 million, and therefore the minimum valuation for 100% of Aston was approximately $59.4 million. Our management team then concluded that the value of the Aston management members’ 35% interest was equal to the difference between these two values, or approximately $20.8 million.
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| t. | Highbury’s estimated income tax liabilities for both GAAP and cash purposes are based on assumed federal and Colorado state income tax rates of 34.00% and 4.63%, respectively. Since Colorado state income taxes are deductible for federal income tax purposes, Highbury’s estimated effective tax rate is 37.06%. On the statement of operations, income taxes – current are equal to the total tax liability calculated on a cash basis. These calculations are shown in the following tables, and the results are indicated in the line entitled “total tax liability – current.” On the statement of operations, income taxes – deferred are equal to the difference between total tax liability calculated for GAAP purposes and the total tax liability calculated on a cash basis. These calculations are also shown in the following tables. The results of the calculations of the total tax liability calculated for GAAP purposes are indicated in the line entitled “Total tax liability (benefit) – GAAP” and the difference between these first two calculations is indicated in the line entitled “deferred tax liability (benefit).” |
This deferred tax liability is created as a result of the anticipated amortization of intangibles for cash tax purposes going forward. The goodwill impairment and intangible asset impairment charges taken by the acquired business in 2005 will not create current or future income tax benefits for the combined company. Upon consummation of the transaction, Highbury will record goodwill and intangible assets to the balance sheet of the acquired business to reflect the value of the assets acquired in the transaction. As explained in footnote (c) above, Highbury intends to amortize the intangible assets for cash tax purposes which will reduce Highbury’s annual cash income taxes and create a recurring tax benefit. Furthermore, Highbury has determined that the acquired mutual fund client relationships meet the indefinite life criteria outlined in FAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” and as such, Highbury will not amortize these intangible assets for GAAP purposes, but will instead review these assets at least annually for impairment. Highbury expects this difference in amortization schedules will create an annual deferred tax liability for GAAP purposes. Because Highbury does not anticipate impairment of the acquired assets in the future, Highbury does not expect this recurring tax benefit to reverse. Although the acquired business has historically provided a full valuation allowance for its deferred tax asset, Highbury does not believe that it will make such a provision after the transaction as a result of the increased profitability of the acquired business on a pro forma basis.
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RECONCILIATION OF CURRENT AND DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
FOR THE INDICATED PERIODS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | Year Ended December 31, 2005 | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP | | $ | (4,691,818 | ) | | $ | 98,552 | | | $ | (15,360,020 | ) |
| | | |
Permanent differences: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Minority interest adjustment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,319,354 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities | | | 5,711,000 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Taxable income - GAAP | | | 1,019,182 | | | | 98,552 | | | | 90,209 | |
| | | |
Colorado state income tax liability | | | 47,188 | | | | 4,563 | | | | 4,177 | |
Federal income tax liability | | | 330,478 | | | | 31,956 | | | | 29,251 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - GAAP | | | 377,666 | | | | 36,519 | | | | 33,428 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) - GAAP | | $ | (5,069,484 | ) | | $ | 62,033 | | | $ | (15,393,448 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP | | $ | (4,691,818 | ) | | $ | 98,552 | | | $ | (15,369,020 | ) |
Addback: goodwill impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Addback: intangible asset impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Less: minority interest adjustment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,319,354 | ) |
Addback: loss from derivative liabilities | | | 5,711,000 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Less: goodwill amortization | | | (610,833 | ) | | | (610,833 | ) | | | (2,443,333 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash taxable income | | | 408,349 | | | | (512,281 | ) | | | (2,353,124 | ) |
| | | |
Colorado state income tax liability | | | 18,907 | | | | (23,719 | ) | | | (108,950 | ) |
Federal income tax liability | | | 132,410 | | | | (166,111 | ) | | | (763,019 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - current | | | 151,317 | | | | (189,830 | ) | | | (871,969 | ) |
| | | |
Deferred tax liability for goodwill amortization | | | 226,349 | | | | 226,349 | | | | 905,397 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - GAAP | | $ | 377,666 | | | $ | 36,519 | | | $ | 33,428 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
39
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | Year Ended December 31, 2005 | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP | | $ | (4,970,932 | ) | | $ | (19,423 | ) | | $ | (15,633,586 | ) |
| | | |
Permanent differences: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Minority interest adjustment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,319,354 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities | | | 5,711,000 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Taxable income - GAAP | | | 740,068 | | | | (19,423 | ) | | | (183,357 | ) |
| | | |
Colorado state income tax liability | | | 34,265 | | | | (899 | ) | | | (8,489 | ) |
Federal income tax liability | | | 239,973 | | | | (6,298 | ) | | | (59,455 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - GAAP | | | 274,238 | | | | (7,197 | ) | | | (67,944 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) - GAAP | | $ | (5,245,170 | ) | | $ | (12,226 | ) | | $ | (15,565,642 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP | | $ | (4,970,932 | ) | | $ | (19,423 | ) | | $ | (15,633,586 | ) |
Addback: goodwill impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Addback: intangible asset impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Less: minority interest adjustment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,319,354 | ) |
Addback: loss from derivative liabilities | | | 5,711,000 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Less: goodwill amortization | | | (610,833 | ) | | | (610,833 | ) | | | (2,443,333 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash taxable income | | | 129,235 | | | | (630,256 | ) | | | (2,626,690 | ) |
| | | |
Colorado state income tax liability | | | 5,984 | | | | (29,181 | ) | | | (121,616 | ) |
Federal income tax liability | | | 41,905 | | | | (204,366 | ) | | | (851,725 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - current | | | 47,889 | | | | (233,547 | ) | | | (973,341 | ) |
| | | |
Deferred tax liability for goodwill amortization | | | 226,349 | | | | 226,350 | | | | 905,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total tax liability - GAAP | | $ | 274,238 | | | $ | (7,197 | ) | | $ | (67,944 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| u. | Uses treasury stock method based on weighted average common stock price of $5.63 for the period from March 1, 2006 through June 30, 2006. Highbury has 15,820,000 warrants outstanding, all of which are exercisable for $5.00 per share, as of June 30, 2006. The effect of the 336,667 units included in the underwriters purchase option has not been considered in diluted income per share calculations since the option is out-of-the money based on Highbury’s weighted average common stock price for the period. |
| v. | To remove income taxes of Highbury as a stand-alone entity. |
40
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
As supplemental information, we provide below a non-GAAP performance measure that we refer to as “Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results”. The Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results apply the adjustments described below to our unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations included in this Proxy Statement under the heading ”Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements”, which are derived from (i) the historical statement of operations of Highbury for the period beginning July 13, 2005, the date of Highbury’s inception, to December 31, 2005, and the historical combined statement of operations of the acquired business for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2005, (ii) the historical statement of operations of Highbury and the historical combined statement of operations of the acquired business, each for the six months ended June 30, 2006, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2006 and (iii) the historical statement of operations of the acquired business, for the six months ended June 30, 2005, giving effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2005. The Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results are not pro forma financial information and are not included in the historical financial statements of Highbury, the historical combined financial statements of the acquired business or the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements. Because the contractual provisions supporting the adjustments described in the footnotes to the Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results will take effect upon the closing of the acquisition, the supplemental non-GAAP financial information provided below constitutes forward-looking statements.
The Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results reflect adjustments to our Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Results of Operations for (i) Highbury for the period beginning July 13, 2005, the date of Highbury’s inception, to December 31, 2005, and the acquired business for the period ended December 31, 2005, as if the following agreements had been entered into on January 1, 2005, (ii) Highbury and the acquired business, for the six months ended June 30, 2006, as if such agreements had been entered into on January 1, 2006 and (iii) the acquired business for the six months ended June 30, 2005, as if such agreements had been entered into on January 1, 2005: (a) the Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement entered into between AAAMI and Aston as of September 1, 2006 (described further in footnote (a) below), (ii) new fee-sharing agreements with investment sub-advisers affiliated with the Sellers to be entered into upon consummation of the business acquisition (as described further in footnote (b) below, the execution of these agreements on the pricing terms reflected in this Proxy Statement is a condition to the closing of the acquisition), and (iii) Aston’s limited liability company agreement, whereby 72% of gross revenues are allocated to cover the operating expenses of the acquired business (described further in footnote (c) below). In addition, the Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results reflect adjustments to minority interest and income taxes related to the foregoing adjustments (described further in footnotes (d) and (e), respectively, below).
We have included this non-GAAP financial information taking into account the following two scenarios: (i) no stockholders elect to convert their shares of common stock in connection with the acquisition and (ii) stockholders holding 1,548,666 shares of our outstanding common stock elect to convert their shares in connection with the acquisition. If stockholders holding 1,548,667 or more shares of our outstanding common stock elect to convert their shares, the acquisition will not be consummated.
The Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results should be read in conjunction with the historical financial statements of Highbury, the historical combined financial statements of the acquired business and the related notes thereto, the unaudited condensed combined financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Acquired Business.” This supplemental non-GAAP financial information is provided in addition to, but not as a substitute for, our operating results and those of the acquired business calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP and our Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X.
41
We are providing this information to aid you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the acquisition because we believe that these agreements will have a substantial effect on the results of operations of the combined company and because we considered the impact of the limited liability company agreement and the new sub-advisory fee arrangements, and related minority interest and income tax impacts, in connection with our entering into the asset purchase agreement. The information is intended to provide you with an estimate of the effect these agreements would have had on the results of operations of the combined company for the periods presented. The Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results presented are not meant to estimate or project future results of operations, should not be considered in isolation and have limitations as an analytic tool. Some of these limitations are that had these agreements been in effect during the periods presented, the actual results of operations may have been different, and that the Supplemental Adjusted Operating Results are not necessarily indicative of the financial results that may have actually occurred.
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SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
JULY 13, 2005 (INCEPTION) - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (HIGHBURY)
JANUARY 1, 2005 - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (ACQUIRED BUSINESS)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 48,927,074 | | | $ | 1,298,437 | (a) | | $ | 50,225,511 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 40,405,752 | | | | (14,082,567 | ) (b) | | | 26,323,185 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 8,521,322 | | | | 15,381,004 | | | | 23,902,326 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 5,194,449 | | | | 1,254,994 | (c) | | | 6,449,443 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 3,320,715 | | | | — | | | | 3,320,715 | |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 71,477 | | | | — | | | | 71,477 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 32,356,224 | | | | 1,254,994 | | | | 33,611,218 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (23,834,902 | ) | | | 14,126,010 | | | | (9,708,892 | ) |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | 133,524 | | | | — | | | | 133,524 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (23,701,378 | ) | | | 14,126,010 | | | | (9,575,368 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | (8,341,358 | ) | | | 4,944,104 | (d) | | | (3,397,254 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (15,360,020 | ) | | | 9,181,906 | | | | (6,178,114 | ) |
Income taxes—current | | | (871,969 | ) | | | 3,402,429 | (e) | | | 2,530,460 | |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 905,397 | | | | (1 | ) (e) | | | 905,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (15,393,448 | ) | | $ | 5,779,478 | | | $ | (9,613,970 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
43
SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
JULY 13, 2005 (INCEPTION) - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (HIGHBURY)
JANUARY 1, 2005 - DECEMBER 31, 2005 (ACQUIRED BUSINESS)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 48,927,074 | | | $ | 1,298,437 | (a) | | $ | 50,225,511 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 40,405,752 | | | | (14,082,567 | ) (b) | | | 26,323,185 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 8,521,322 | | | | 15,381,004 | | | | 23,902,326 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 5,194,449 | | | | 1,254,994 | (c) | | | 6,449,443 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 3,320,715 | | | | — | | | | 3,320,715 | |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | | 13,344,050 | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | | 10,425,533 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 71,477 | | | | — | | | | 71,477 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 32,356,224 | | | | 1,254,994 | | | | 33,611,218 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (23,834,902 | ) | | | 14,126,010 | | | | (9,708,892 | ) |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | (140,042 | ) | | | — | | | | (140,042 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (23,974,944 | ) | | | 14,126,010 | | | | (9,848,934 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | (8,341,358 | ) | | | 4,944,104 | (d) | | | (3,397,254 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (15,633,586 | ) | | | 9,181,906 | | | | (6,451,680 | ) |
Income taxes—current | | | (973,341 | ) | | | 3,402,429 | (e) | | | 2,429,088 | |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 905,397 | | | | (1 | ) (e) | | | 905,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (15,565,642 | ) | | $ | 5,779,478 | | | $ | (9,786,164 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
44
SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 21,740,330 | | | $ | 684,735 | (a) | | $ | 22,425,065 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 15,986,720 | | | | (4,497,345 | ) (b) | | | 11,489,375 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 5,753,610 | | | | 5,182,080 | | | | 10,935,690 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,220,163 | | | | 548,914 | (c) | | | 2,769,077 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 2,112,530 | | | | — | | | | 2,112,530 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 35,739 | | | | — | | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,368,432 | | | | 548,914 | | | | 4,917,346 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 1,385,178 | | | | 4,633,166 | | | | 6,018,344 | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | 210,052 | | | | — | | | | 210,052 | |
Loss from derivative liabilities—warrants | | | (5,537,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,537,000 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities—UPO | | | (174,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (174,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (4,115,770 | ) | | | 4,633,166 | | | | 517,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | 576,048 | | | | 1,621,608 | (d) | | | 2,197,656 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (4,691,818 | ) | | | 3,011,558 | | | | (1,680,260 | ) |
Income taxes—current | | | 151,317 | | | | 1,115,957 | (e) | | | 1,267,274 | |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 226,349 | | | | — | (e) | | | 226,349 | |
Income taxes—other deferred | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (5,069,484 | ) | | $ | 1,895,601 | | | $ | (3,173,883 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
45
SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 21,740,330 | | | $ | 684,735 | (a) | | $ | 22,425,065 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 15,986,720 | | | | (4,497,345 | ) (b) | | | 11,489,375 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 5,753,610 | | | | 5,182,080 | | | | 10,935,690 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,220,163 | | | | 548,914 | (c) | | | 2,769,077 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 2,112,530 | | | | — | | | | 2,112,530 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 35,739 | | | | — | | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,368,432 | | | | 548,914 | | | | 4,917,346 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 1,385,178 | | | | 4,633,166 | | | | 6,018,344 | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | (69,062 | ) | | | — | | | | (69,062 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities—warrants | | | (5,537,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,537,000 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities—UPO | | | (174,000 | ) | | | — | | | | (174,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | (4,394,884 | ) | | | 4,633,166 | | | | 238,282 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | 576,048 | | | | 1,621,608 | (d) | | | 2,197,656 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (4,970,932 | ) | | | 3,011,558 | | | | (1,959,374 | ) |
Income taxes—current | | | 47,889 | | | | 1,115,957 | (e) | | | 1,163,846 | |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 226,349 | | | | — | (e) | | | 226,349 | |
Income taxes—other deferred | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (5,245,170 | ) | | $ | 1,895,601 | | | $ | (3,349,569 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
46
SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES NO CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 25,932,436 | | | $ | 619,920 | (a) | | $ | 26,552,356 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 21,676,346 | | | | (8,450,562 | ) (b) | | | 13,225,784 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,256,090 | | | | 9,070,482 | | | | 13,326,572 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,612,580 | | | | 1,712,189 | (c) | | | 4,324,769 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,531,404 | | | | — | | | | 1,531,404 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 35,739 | | | | — | | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,179,723 | | | | 1,712,189 | | | | 5,891,912 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 76,367 | | | | 7,358,293 | | | | 7,434,660 | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | 48,913 | | | | — | | | | 48,913 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 125,280 | | | | 7,358,293 | (d) | | | 7,483,573 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | 26,728 | | | | 2,575,403 | | | | 2,602,131 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 98,552 | | | | 4,782,890 | | | | 4,881,442 | |
Income taxes—current | | | (189,830 | ) | | | (3,172,406 | ) (e) | | | (3,362,236 | ) |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 226,349 | | | | 4,944,745 | (e) | | | 5,171,094 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 62,033 | | | $ | 3,010,551 | | | $ | 3,072,584 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
47
SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTED OPERATING RESULTS
ASSUMES MAXIMUM CONVERSION
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Combined | | | Supplemental Adjustments | | | Supplemental Combined | |
Revenue | | $ | 25,932,436 | | | $ | 619,920 | (a) | | $ | 26,552,356 | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees | | | 21,676,346 | | | | (8,450,562 | ) (b) | | | 13,225,784 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,256,090 | | | | 9,070,482 | | | | 13,326,572 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,612,580 | | | | 1,712,189 | (c) | | | 4,324,769 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 1,531,404 | | | | — | | | | 1,531,404 | |
Depreciation and other amortization | | | 35,739 | | | | — | | | | 35,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,179,723 | | | | 1,712,189 | | | | 5,891,912 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 76,367 | | | | 7,358,293 | | | | 7,434,660 | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income/(expense) | | | (69,062 | ) | | | — | | | | (69,062 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes | | | 7,305 | | | | 7,358,293 | | | | 7,365,598 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | 26,728 | | | | 2,575,403 | (d) | | | 2,602,131 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | (19,423 | ) | | | 4,782,890 | | | | 4,763,467 | |
Income taxes—current | | | (233,547 | ) | | | 1,772,339 | (e) | | | 1,538,792 | |
Income taxes—intangible-related deferred | | | 226,350 | | | | (1 | ) (e) | | | 226,349 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (12,226 | ) | | $ | 3,010,552 | | | $ | 2,998,326 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NOTES TO SUPPLEMENTAL
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1. SUPPLEMENTAL ADJUSTMENTS
Adjustments included in the column under the heading “Supplemental Adjustments” include the following:
| a. | To reflect revenue to be earned by the acquired business according to an Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement entered into between AAAMI and Aston as ofSeptember 1, 2006. Pursuant to the terms of Aston’s limited liability company agreement, 72% of the revenue generated under this agreement will be retained by Aston in the operating allocation to cover any costs associated with providing services under this new agreement. This increase in the operating allocation, and hence the operating expenses of Aston, is one component of the overall increase in compensation and related expenses detailed in the supplemental adjustment reflected in footnote (c). Highbury does not expect any actual additional costs to be material. The adjustment is factually supportable because the economic terms are outlined in the agreement and in the funds’ prospectus and directly attributable to the transaction because, although the Sellers are divesting the acquired business, they wish to have the acquired business continue to provide the services to the money market funds, other than the Target Funds after the consummation of the business combination. The agreement has a five-year term, with certain termination provisions, but management expects to retain this relationship and the related revenues for an indefinite period after the consummation of the transaction, consistent with the expectations related to the advisory contracts of the Target Funds. For a description of the material terms of the Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement, please see “The Acquisition — Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement.” |
49
| b. | To reflect new fee-sharing agreements with investment sub-advisers affiliated with the Sellers to be entered into upon consummation of the business acquisition. Pursuant to the sub-advisory agreements that the acquired business will enter into with ABN AMRO and its affiliated advisers, the acquired business and the affiliated managers will share net advisory fees equally after payment of third-party distribution fees. The following tables reconcile the historical advisory fees paid to affiliates to the fees that would be payable under the new sub-advisory agreements. The supporting calculation only incorporates advisory fee revenues and distribution and sub-advisory fees for the Target Funds for which affiliates of the Sellers will serve as sub-advisers after the consummation of the business combination. All advisory fee revenues and distribution and sub-advisory fees related to the two Target Funds for which MFS and Optimum serve as sub-advisers have been excluded from this analysis because there will be no change in the sub-advisory agreements and, therefore, no change in the fee-sharing arrangements on these funds. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | Year Ended December 31, 2005 | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees, after adjustment to sub-advisor fee sharing arrangement upon consummation of the business acquisition | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net advisory fees from funds managed by affiliates | | $ | 17,403,798 | | | $ | 20,796,201 | | | $ | 41,078,847 | |
Less: third party distribution fees for funds managed by affiliates | | | (1,964,376 | ) | | | (2,636,477 | ) | | | (5,290,395 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | | 15,439,422 | | | | 18,159,724 | | | | 35,788,452 | |
Less: sub-advisory fees paid to affiliates | | | (7,719,711 | ) | | | (9,079,862 | ) | | | (17,894,226 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net revenue to the acquired business | | | 7,719,711 | | | | 9,079,862 | | | | 17,894,226 | |
| | | |
Distribution and sub-advisory fees, before adjustment to sub-advisor fee sharing arrangement upon consummation of the business acquisition | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net advisory fees from funds managed by affiliates | | | 17,403,798 | | | | 20,796,201 | | | | 41,078,847 | |
Less: third party distribution fees for funds managed by affiliates | | | (1,964,376 | ) | | | (2,636,477 | ) | | | (5,290,395 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | | 15,439,422 | | | | 18,159,724 | | | | 35,788,452 | |
Less: sub-advisory fees paid to affiliates | | | (12,217,056 | ) | | | (17,530,424 | ) | | | (31,976,793 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net revenue to the acquired business | | | 3,222,366 | | | | 629,300 | | | | 3,811,659 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Supplemental adjustment | | $ | 4,497,345 | | | $ | 8,450,562 | | | $ | 14,082,567 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The acquired business will enter into the new sub-advisory agreements with the Sellers at the time of the closing of the acquisition. The execution of these agreements on the pricing terms reflected in this Proxy Statement is a condition to the closing of the acquisition. Historically, the acquired business received a portion of the investment advisory fees that the Target Funds paid to the investment advisers by the Target Funds.
The sub-advisory services to be provided by the affiliates of the Sellers following the transaction are the same investment management services historically provided to the Target Funds by such affiliates. The continuity of such investment management services was a principal reason for ABN AMRO and the mutual fund shareholders and trustees to approve the acquisition. The sub-advisers received $12.2 million, $17.5 million and $32.0 million in fees for their services during the six months ending June 30, 2006 and 2005 and during the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively. Had the new sub-advisory agreements with these affiliates been in place during those
50
historical time periods, the sub-advisers would have received $7.7 million, $9.1 million and $17.9 million, respectively, for providing the same services.
As set forth in the “Form of Investment Advisory Agreement” included herein as Exhibit M to the asset purchase agreement, Aston, as the investment adviser to the Target Funds shall:
| (i) | manage the investment and reinvestment of the assets of each Fund; |
| (ii) | continuously review, supervise and administer the investment program of each Fund; |
| (iii) | determine in its discretion, the assets to be held uninvested; |
| (iv) | provide the Trust with records concerning the Adviser’s activities which are required to be maintained by the Trust; |
| (v) | render regular reports to the Trust’s officers and Board of Trustees concerning the Adviser’s discharge of the foregoing responsibilities; |
| (vi) | determine from time to time what securities and other investments will be purchased, retained, sold or exchanged by each Fund and what portion of the assets of the Fund’s portfolio will be held in the various securities and other investments in which the Fund invests, and shall implement those decisions, all subject to the provisions of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, as amended from time to time, the 1940 Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder by the SEC and interpretive guidance issued thereunder by the SEC staff and any other applicable federal and state law, as well as the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Fund referred to above, and any other specific policies adopted by the Board and communicated to the Adviser; |
| (vii) | provide advice and recommendations with respect to other aspects of the business and affairs of the Funds; |
| (viii) | exercise voting rights, rights to consent to corporate action and any other rights pertaining to a Fund’s portfolio securities subject to such direction as the Board may provide; and |
| (ix) | perform such other functions of investment management and supervision as may be directed by the Board. |
51
These duties are substantially the same as the duties outlined in the current investment advisory agreements between each of the Target Funds and its investment adviser. The “Form of Sub-Investment Advisory Agreement” included herein as Exhibit I to the asset purchase agreement outlines the delegation of certain of these duties of the investment adviser to the investment sub-adviser after the consummation of the business combination. With reference to the list above, the table below outlines the current allocation of responsibilities between the investment advisers and the acquired business and the allocation of responsibilities according to the new sub-advisory agreements. For further clarity, the table also outlines the current allocation of responsibilities between the investment advisers to the Target Funds and the acquired business. This illustration is included to show that the services to be provided after the consummation of the business combination are identical to the services provided on a historical basis. The reference in the column “Services” refers to the services listed above.
| | | | |
| | |
| | Provider of Services |
Service | | Currently | | After Consummation of the Business Combination |
(i) | | Investment advisor, with oversight from acquired business | | Investment sub-advisor, with oversight from Aston |
(ii) | | Acquired business | | Aston |
(iii) | | Investment advisor, with oversight from acquired business | | Investment sub-advisor, with oversight from Aston |
(iv) | | Acquired business | | Aston |
(v) | | Acquired business | | Aston |
(vi) | | Investment advisor, with oversight from acquired business | | Investment sub-advisor, with oversight from Aston |
(vii) | | Acquired business | | Aston |
(viii) | | Investment advisor, with oversight from acquired business | | Investment sub-advisor, with oversight from Aston |
(ix) | | Acquired business | | Aston |
After the consummation of the business combination, Aston will provide all of the services that the acquired business has historically provided to the Target Funds. As such, Highbury does not expect Aston to incur any additional or different types of costs than those incurred on a historical basis by the acquired business.
The affiliates of the Sellers will be performing the same investment management services for the Target Funds after the consummation of the acquisition as they currently provide. However, as a result of the new sub-advisory agreements, they will receive a smaller share of the net advisory fees after payments of third-party distribution fees than they currently receive. Highbury believes the sub-advisers are willing to perform the services for lower fees because: (i) the new fee arrangements continue to provide sources of revenue to the sub-advisers, (ii) the new fee arrangements are consistent with fee levels charged by the sub-advisers to other clients not affiliated with the Sellers or the acquired business, (iii) the new fee arrangements are consistent with fee arrangements Aston could obtain from other sub-advisers not affiliated with the Sellers, (iv) the historical share of advisory revenues received by the affiliates of the Sellers was not determined based on arm’s-length negotiation as the acquired business and the affiliates of the Sellers were part of a commonly controlled corporate group and (v) the new sub-advisory agreements were determined based on arm’s length negotiation between Highbury and the sub-advisers affiliated with the Sellers.
Because the Target Funds were introduced over a period of 13 years and are managed by five different affiliates of the Sellers, the historical fee sharing agreements between the acquired business and each investment adviser with respect to each Target Fund have varied among the funds and over time. In addition, since the acquired business and the investment advisers have been part of a commonly controlled corporate entity, the historical fee sharing arrangements have not been reflective of market terms but rather internal allocations that have also varied. As a
52
result, the data required to perform a fund-by-fund comparison of the historical fee sharing arrangements and the new sub-advisory agreements is not available.
Highbury determined the supplemental adjustment reflected in footnote (b) based on a comparison of the aggregate historical advisory fees paid to the affiliates of the Sellers (but excluding the sub-advisers who are not affiliates of the Sellers) and the aggregate sub-advisory fees that would have been paid to the affiliates of the Sellers in the same periods under the new sub-advisory agreements. The difference between the two aggregate payments is the amount of the supplemental adjustment in each of the periods. Because the contractual payments to the sub-advisers can be calculated based on the new sub-advisory agreements to be executed upon the consummation of the business combination this adjustment is factually supportable. The adjustment is also directly attributable to the transaction because it is through this transaction that Aston will become the investment adviser to the Target Funds and enter into the new sub-advisory agreements with the affiliates of the Seller. Finally, consistent with the disclosure in footnote (c) within the Section “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements” regarding the indefinite-lived intangible assets, Highbury expects these sub-advisory contracts to continue indefinitely. However, if any such sub-advisory contract is terminated, Highbury and the Aston management team are confident that the sub-adviser could be replaced on economic terms no less favorable to Aston than the sub-advisory contract to be put in place upon consummation of the business combination.
| c. | Under the terms of Aston’s limited liability company agreement, 72% of gross revenues are allocated to cover the operating expenses of the acquired business. If actual cash operating expenses are less than the full 72% allocation would provide, the excess allocation may be applied as the Aston management members determine. Based on the contractual expenses of the acquired business, there is additional operating allocation available. For this analysis, Highbury has assumed these funds will be paid as compensation. |
| d. | Equal to Aston management’s 35% share of the income (loss) before minority interest and income taxes of the acquired business. |
| e. | Highbury’s estimated income tax liabilities for both accrual and cash purposes are based on assumed federal and Colorado state income tax rates of 34.00% and 4.63%, respectively. Since Colorado state income taxes are deductible for federal income tax purposes, Highbury’s estimated effective tax rate is 37.06%. On the statement of operations, income taxes – current are equal to the total tax liability calculated on a cash basis. On the statement of operations, income taxes – deferred are equal to the difference between total tax liability calculated on an accrual basis and the total tax liability calculated on a cash basis. |
53
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this proxy statement, before you decide whether to vote or instruct your vote to be cast to adopt the acquisition proposal. We will face a variety of risk factors that are substantial and inherent in the investment management business, including market liquidity, credit, operational, legal and regulatory risks. The following are some of the more important factors that could affect us following the acquisition.
Risks Related to the Acquisition
Our working capital will be reduced if Highbury stockholders exercise their right to convert their shares into cash. This would reduce or eliminate our cash after the acquisition.
Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, holders of shares issued in our IPO may vote against the acquisition and demand that we convert their shares into a pro rata share of the trust account including any interest earned on their pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable), where a substantial portion of the net proceeds of the IPO are held. We will not consummate the acquisition if holders of 1,548,667 or more shares of common stock issued in our IPO exercise these conversion rights. To the extent the acquisition is consummated and holders demand to so convert their shares, there will be a corresponding reduction in the amount of funds available to us and depending on the number of shares that are converted, we may draw down on our revolving credit facility. As of October 24, 2006, the maximum amount of funds that could be disbursed to our stockholders upon the exercise of their conversion rights was approximately $8,848,399, or approximately 20% of the funds held in the trust account, net of taxes payable. Any payment upon exercise of conversion rights will reduce or eliminate our cash after the acquisition which may limit our ability to implement our business plan.
If Highbury stockholders fail to vote or abstain from voting on the acquisition proposal, they may not exercise their conversion rights to convert their shares of common stock of Highbury into a pro rata portion of the trust account.
Highbury stockholders holding shares of Highbury stock issued in our IPO who vote against the acquisition proposal may demand that we convert their shares into a pro rata portion of the trust account including any interest earned on their pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable) calculated as of the date that is two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed acquisition. Highbury stockholders who seek to exercise this conversion right must vote against the business combination, demand that Highbury convert their shares into cash prior to the close of the stockholder meeting and continue to hold these shares through the closing of the acquisition. Any Highbury stockholder who fails to vote or who abstains from voting on the acquisition proposal may not exercise his conversion rights and will not receive a pro rata portion of the trust account upon conversion of his shares.
If we do not consummate a business combination and dissolve, payments from the trust account to our public stockholders may be delayed.
We currently believe that our dissolution and any plan of distribution subsequent to the expiration of the 18- and 24-month deadlines would proceed in approximately the following manner:
| • | | our board of directors will, consistent with our obligation in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to dissolve, prior to the passing of such deadline, convene and adopt a specific plan of distribution, which it will then vote to recommend to our stockholders, at such time it will also cause to be prepared a preliminary proxy statement setting out the plan of distribution as well as the board’s recommendation of our dissolution and the plan; |
| • | | upon such deadline, we would file our preliminary proxy statement with the Security and Exchange Commission; |
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| • | | if the Securities and Exchange Commission does not review the preliminary proxy statement, then, 10 days following the passing of such deadline, we will mail the proxy statements to our stockholders, and 30 days following the passing of such deadline we will convene a meeting of our stockholders, at which they will either approve or reject our dissolution and plan of distribution; and |
| • | | if the Securities and Exchange Commission does review the preliminary proxy statement, we currently estimate that we will receive such comments within approximately 30 days following the passing of such deadline. We will mail the proxy statements to our stockholders following the conclusion of the comment and review process (the length of which we cannot predict with any certainty, and which may be substantial) and we will convene a meeting of our stockholders at which they will either approve or reject our dissolutions and plan of distribution. |
In the event we seek stockholder approval for our dissolution and plan of distribution and do not obtain such approval, we will nonetheless continue to pursue stockholder approval for our dissolution. Our Inside Stockholders, including our officers and directors have agreed to vote in favor of a plan of dissolution.
These procedures, or a vote to reject our dissolution and any plan of distribution by our stockholders, may result in substantial delays in the liquidation of our trust account to our public stockholders as part of our dissolution and plan of distribution.
Furthermore, creditors may seek to interfere with the distribution of the trust account pursuant to federal or state creditor and bankruptcy laws, which could delay the actual distribution of such funds or reduce the amount ultimately available for distribution to our public stockholders. If we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, the funds held in our trust account will be subject to applicable bankruptcy law and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and senior to claims of our public stockholders. To the extent bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, we cannot assure you we will be able to return to our public stockholders the liquidation amounts due to them. Accordingly, the actual per share amount distributed from the trust account to our public stockholders could be significantly less than approximately $5.71 per share due to claims of creditors. Any claims by creditors could cause additional delays in the distribution of trust funds to the public stockholders beyond the time periods required to comply with Delaware General Corporation Law procedures and federal securities laws and regulations.
Our stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them.
If we are unable to complete the proposed acquisition, we will dissolve and liquidate pursuant to Section 275 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Under Sections 280 through 282 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against a corporation to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution. Pursuant to Section 280, if a corporation complies with certain procedures intended to ensure that it makes reasonable provision for all claims against it, including a 60-day notice period during which any third-party claims can be brought against the corporation, a 90-day period during which the corporation may reject any claims brought, and an additional 150-day waiting period before any liquidating distributions are made to stockholders, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder’s pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution. Although we will seek stockholder approval to liquidate the trust account to our public stockholders as part of our plan of dissolution and liquidation, we will seek to conclude this process as soon as possible and as a result do not intend to comply with those procedures. Accordingly, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution and any liability of our stockholders would extend beyond the third anniversary of such dissolution. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that third parties will not seek to recover from our public stockholders amounts owed to them by us.
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Additionally, if we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders in our dissolution could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a “preferential transfer” or a “fraudulent conveyance.” As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by our stockholders in our dissolution.
If we are forced to dissolve and liquidate before we complete a business combination and distribute the trust account, our public stockholders will receive less than $6.00 per share and our warrants will expire worthless.
If we are unable to complete a business combination within the prescribed time frames and are forced to dissolve and distribute our assets, the per-share distribution to our public stockholders will be less than $6.00. If we were to expend all of the net proceeds of this offering and the private placement, other than the proceeds deposited in the trust account, the per share liquidation price as of October 24 would be $5.71, or $0.29 less than the per unit offering price in our IPO of $6.00, assuming that amount was not further reduced by claims of creditors. We cannot assure you that the actual per share liquidation price will not be less than $5.71. In the event that our board of directors recommends and our stockholders approve our dissolution and the distribution of our assets and it is subsequently determined that our reserves for claims and liabilities to third parties are insufficient, stockholders who receive funds from our trust account could be liable up to such amounts to creditors. Furthermore, there will be no distribution with respect to our outstanding warrants which will expire worthless if we dissolve and liquidate before the completion of a business combination. For a more complete discussion of the effects on our stockholders if we are unable to complete a business combination, see the section below entitled “Other information Related to Highbury - Plan of Dissolution and Distribution and Distribution of Assets if no Business Combination.”
As the conversion price for Highbury’s common stock may be higher than the market price for Highbury’s common stock at the time of the stockholder meeting to approve the acquisition, stockholders may be inclined to vote against the acquisition proposal and elect to convert their shares.
As of October 24, 2006, the per share conversion price was approximately $5.71 and the last sale price of Highbury’s common stock as quoted on the OTCBB was $5.71. If the per share conversion price is higher than the market price of Highbury’s common stock at the time of the stockholder vote, a stockholder might elect to convert his shares into his pro rata share of the trust account rather than approve the acquisition. In addition, if the acquisition is approved, the market price of our common stock following the consummation of the acquisition may be less than the conversion price.
As our board of directors did not undertake analyses typically used in determining the value of the acquired business at the time it approved the asset purchase agreement, there is a risk that our board of directors did not have adequate information to exercise its business judgment in approving the asset purchase agreement.
At the time our board of directors approved the asset purchase agreement, Highbury’s management did not determine the fair market value of the acquired business nor did they compare the acquired business to comparable companies, or the transaction to comparable transactions. Management did not prepare a valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time Highbury entered into the asset purchase agreement. Because the board did not undertake analyses typically used in determining the value of the acquired business there is a risk that the board did not have adequate information to exercise its business judgment in approving the asset purchase agreement.
Our current directors and executive officers own shares of common stock and warrants and have other interests in the acquisition that are different from yours. If the acquisition is not approved the securities held by them will become worthless. Consequently, they may have a conflict of interest in determining whether particular changes to the acquisition or waivers of the terms thereof are appropriate.
Our Inside Stockholders, including our officers and directors, own in the aggregate 1,725,000 shares of Highbury common stock that they purchased prior to our IPO. These 1,725,000 shares will not be released from
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escrow until January 31, 2009. Additionally, the Inside Stockholders own 166,667 shares of common stock and 333,334 warrants underlying the 166,667 units they purchased in a private placement prior to Highbury’s IPO. The 1,725,000 shares of common stock purchased prior to the IPO and the 166,667 units purchased in the private placement were acquired for a total consideration of $1,025,002. Highbury’s officers and directors will benefit if the acquisition is approved. Additionally, in light of the amount of consideration paid by the Highbury inside stockholders, they will likely benefit even if the acquisition causes the market price of Highbury’s securities to significantly decrease. This may influence their motivation for promoting the acquisition and/or soliciting proxies in favor of the acquisition proposal. As of October 24, 2006, the securities they purchased prior to our IPO and in the private placement had an aggregate market value of $11,128,086, based on the last reported sales on the OTCBB on that day. The private placement units, and the shares and warrants comprising such units, may not be sold, assigned or transferred until after we complete a business combination. Our executives and directors are not entitled to receive any of the cash proceeds that may be distributed upon our liquidation with respect to shares they acquired prior to our IPO and in the private placement. Therefore, if the acquisition is not approved and we are forced to dissolve and liquidate, the shares and warrants held by our officers and directors will be worthless. In addition, if we dissolve and liquidate prior to the consummation of a business combination, R. Bruce Cameron, our current chairman of the board, and Richard S. Foote, our chief executive officer and president, are personally liable for ensuring that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced by the claims of vendors for services rendered or products sold to us as well as claims of prospective target businesses for fees and expenses of third parties that we agree in writing to pay in the event we do not complete a combination with such businesses. Based on representations made to us by Richard Foote and R. Bruce Cameron, we currently believe they are capable of funding a shortfall in our trust account to satisfy their foreseeable indemnification obligations, but we have not asked them to reserve for such an eventuality. Despite our belief, we cannot assure you that they will be able to satisfy those obligations.
These personal and financial interests of our directors and officers may have influenced their decision as members of our board of directors to approve our business combination with the Sellers. In considering the recommendations of our board of directors to vote for the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment and the adjournment proposal, you should consider these interests. Additionally, the exercise of our directors’ and officers’ discretion in agreeing to changes or waivers in the terms of the acquisition may result in a conflict of interest when determining whether such changes or waivers are appropriate and in our stockholders’ best interest.
If we are unable to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock underlying our warrants, our warrants may have little or no value and the market for our warrants may be limited.
No warrants will be exercisable and we will not be obligated to issue shares of common stock unless at the time a holder seeks to exercise such warrant, a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the common stock has been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us, we have agreed to use our best efforts to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of our warrants until the expiration of our warrants. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so. If the prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, our warrants may not be exercisable before they expire and we will not net-cash settle the warrants. Thus, our warrants may be deprived of any value. The market for our warrants may be limited, and the warrants may expire worthless. Even if warrant holders are not able to exercise their warrants because there is no current prospectus or the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, we can exercise our redemption rights.
We may choose to redeem our outstanding warrants when a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not current and the warrants are not exercisable.
We may redeem the warrants issued as a part of our units (including warrants issued and outstanding as a result of the exercise of the purchase option that we agreed to sell to TEP and EBC and the warrants sold in the
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private placement) at any time after the warrants become exercisable in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, if and only if, the last sales price of our common stock equals or exceeds $8.50 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending three business days before we send the notice of redemption. Redemption of the warrants could force the warrant holders (i) to exercise the warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for the holders to do so, (ii) to sell the warrants at the then current market price when they might otherwise wish to hold the warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of the warrants. In addition, we may exercise our right to redeem outstanding warrants when a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon the exercise of such warrants is not current, thus rendering the warrants unexercisable.
Our outstanding warrants may be exercised in the future, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders. This might have an adverse effect on the market price of the common stock.
Outstanding redeemable warrants to purchase an aggregate of 15,820,000 shares of common stock will become exercisable after the later of the consummation of the business combination and the first anniversary of the IPO. These warrants will be exercised only if the $5.00 per share exercise price is below the market price of our common stock. To the extent they are exercised, additional shares of our common stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to our stockholders and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our shares.
We may experience volatility in earnings due to how we are required to account for our warrants and underwriters’ purchase option.
Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock,” or EITF No. 00-19, the fair value of the warrants issued as part of the units issued in our initial public offering, and of the option to purchase units granted to the underwriters of our initial public offering, must be reported as a liability. Both the warrant agreement and the unit purchase option provide for us to attempt to register the shares underlying the warrants and units and the warrant agreement is silent as to the penalty to be incurred in the absence of our ability to deliver registered shares to the warrant holders or the option holders upon exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, we are required to assume that this situation could give rise to us ultimately having to net cash settle the warrants or options, thereby necessitating the treatment of the warrants and purchase option as a liability. Further, EITF No. 00-19 requires us to record the warrant and purchase option liability at each reporting date at its then estimated fair value, with any changes being recorded through our statement of operations as other income/expense. The warrants and purchase option will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as they are exercised, expire or we are otherwise able to modify the applicable agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, we could experience volatility in our net income due to changes that occur in the value of the warrant and purchase option liability at each reporting date.
Risks Related to the Financial Services Industry and Aston
The financial services industry faces substantial regulatory risks and after the consummation of our acquisition of the acquired business, we may experience reduced revenues and profitability if our services are not regarded as compliant with the regulatory regime.
The financial services industry is subject to extensive regulation. Many regulators, including U.S. government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities commissions and attorneys general, are empowered to conduct administrative proceedings and investigations that can result in, among other things, censure, fine, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders, prohibitions against engaging in some lines of
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business or the suspension or expulsion of an investment adviser. The requirements imposed by regulators are designed to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and not to protect our stockholders.
Governmental and self-regulatory organizations, including the SEC, the NASD and national securities exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange, impose and enforce regulations on financial services companies. The types of regulations to which investment advisers and managers are subject are extensive and include, among other things: recordkeeping; fee arrangements; client disclosure; custody of customer assets; and the conduct of officers and employees.
The regulatory environment in which we will operate is also subject to modifications and further regulations. New laws or regulations or changes in the enforcement of existing laws or regulations applicable to us also may adversely affect our business, and our ability to function in this environment will depend on our ability to constantly monitor and react to these changes. For example, the growing trend of separating the fees mutual fund managers pay brokerage firms for investment research from brokerage commissions may trigger restrictions under the Investment Advisers Act.
After the consummation of the acquisition, we may face legal liability that may result in reduced revenues and profitability.
In recent years, the volume of claims and amount of damages claimed in litigation and regulatory proceedings against financial services firms has been increasing. After our initial business combination, Aston’s investment advisory contracts may include provisions designed to limit its and our exposure to legal claims relating to services, but these provisions may not protect us or may not be adhered to in all cases. We may also be subject to claims arising from disputes with employees for alleged discrimination or harassment, among other things. The risk of significant legal liability is often difficult to assess or quantify and its existence and magnitude often remain unknown for substantial periods of time. As a result, we may incur significant legal expenses in defending against litigation. Substantial legal liability or significant regulatory action against us or Aston could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations or cause significant harm to the reputation of Aston, which could seriously harm our business.
There have been a number of highly publicized cases involving fraud or other misconduct by employees in the financial services industry in recent years, and we run the risk that employee misconduct could occur. It is not always possible to deter or prevent employee misconduct and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in all cases.
After the consummation of the acquisition, we will face strong competition from financial services firms, many of whom have the ability to offer clients a wider range of products and services than we may be able to offer, which could lead to pricing pressures that could have a material adverse affect on our revenue and profitability.
After consummation of the acquisition, we will compete with other firms - both domestic and foreign - in a number of areas, including the quality of our employees, transaction execution, products and services, innovation, reputation and price. We may fail to attract new business and may lose clients if, among other reasons, we are not able to compete effectively. We will also face significant competition as a result of a recent trend toward consolidation in the investment management industry. In the past several years, there has been substantial consolidation and convergence among companies in this industry. In particular, a number of large commercial banks, insurance companies and other broad-based financial services firms have established or acquired broker-dealers or have merged with other financial institutions. Many of these firms have the ability to offer a wide range of products such as loans, deposit-taking and insurance, brokerage, investment management and investment banking services, which may enhance their competitive positions. They also have the ability to support investment management activity with commercial banking, investment banking, insurance and other financial services revenue in an effort to gain market share, which could result in pricing pressure on the acquired
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business. The passage of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act in 1999 reduced barriers to large institutions’ providing a wide range of financial services products and services. We believe, in light of increasing industry consolidation and the regulatory overhaul of the financial services industry, that competition will continue to increase from providers of financial services products.
The investment advisory fees we receive may decrease in a market or general economic downturn, which would decrease our revenues and net income.
Because we are acquiring an investment advisory business, our net income and revenues are likely to be subject to wide fluctuations, reflecting the effect of many factors on our assets under management, including: general economic conditions; securities market conditions; the level and volatility of interest rates and equity prices; competitive conditions; liquidity of global markets; international and regional political conditions; regulatory and legislative developments; monetary and fiscal policy; investor sentiment; availability and cost of capital; technological changes and events; outcome of legal proceedings; changes in currency values; inflation; credit ratings; and the size, volume and timing of transactions. These and other factors subject the acquired business to an increased risk of asset volatility.
As an investment management firm, our business could be expected to generate lower revenue in a market or general economic downturn. The investment advisory fees we receive are based on the market value of the assets under management. Accordingly, a decline in the prices of securities would be expected to cause our revenue and income to decline by:
| • | | causing the value of the assets under management to decrease, which would result in lower investment advisory fees; or |
| • | | causing some of our clients to withdraw funds from our investment management business in favor of investments they perceive as offering greater opportunity and lower risk, which also would result in lower investment advisory fees. |
Aston’s investment advisory contracts will be subject to termination on short notice. Termination of a significant number of investment advisory contracts will have a material impact on our results of operations.
Aston will derive almost all of its revenue from investment advisory contracts with the Target Funds. These contracts are typically terminable by the Fund trustees without penalty upon relatively short notice (generally not longer than 60 days). We cannot be certain that Aston’s management will be able to retain the Target Funds as clients of the acquired business. Because the Target Funds all have the same trustees, it is possible that all the contracts with them could be terminated simultaneously. If the trustees of the Target Funds terminated Aston’s investment advisory contracts, Aston, and consequently Highbury, would lose substantially all of its revenues. If such a termination were to occur immediately following closing, then Highbury would be harmed by an amount equal to the value of its membership interest in Aston, which Capitalink estimates as of May 31, 2006 to be between $70.0 million and $96.0 million.
To the extent Aston is forced to compete on the basis of price, we may not be able to maintain our current fee structure.
The investment management business is highly competitive and has relatively low barriers to entry. To the extent Aston is forced to compete on the basis of price, we may not be able to maintain our current fee structure. Although the acquired business’ investment management fees vary from product to product, historically it has competed primarily on the performance of its products and not on the level of its investment management fees relative to those of its competitors. In recent years, however, there has been a trend toward lower fees in the investment management industry. In order to maintain our fee structure in a competitive environment, we must be able to continue to provide clients with investment returns and service that make investors willing to pay our fees. In addition, the board of trustees of the mutual funds managed by Aston must make certain findings as to
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the reasonableness of these fees. We cannot be assured that we will succeed in providing investment returns and service that will allow us to maintain the acquired business’ current fee structure. Fee reductions on existing or future new business could have an adverse effect on our profit margins and results of operations.
Termination of the acquired business’ sub-advisory contracts could have a material adverse impact on the Target Funds’ performance, and consequently, on Aston’s revenues and operating results.
As of October 24, 2006, the acquired business managed 19 no-load mutual funds, comprised of 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds, with approximately $5.5 billion of assets under management. The acquired business currently utilizes seven different entities to manage the equity funds, of which five are affiliates of the Sellers and two are independent. Upon consummation of the transaction, Aston will enter into long-term contracts with each of these entities pursuant to which they will sub-advise the funds. The sub-advisory contracts with the Sellers’ affiliates, which will not be terminable by the sub-advisers for five years, include limited non-compete provisions and certain capacity guarantees in appropriate products to benefit the acquired business. While this arrangement is intended to ensure that the investment philosophy and process guiding the mutual funds in the future are consistent with their historical investment philosophy and process, there can be no assurances that there will be a stable ownership transition for the Target Funds. In addition, if one or more of these sub-advisory contracts is terminated, it could have a material adverse impact on the Target Funds’ performance and on Aston’s revenues and operating results.
Aston will depend on third-party distribution channels to market our investment products and access our client base. A substantial reduction in fees received from third-party intermediaries could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The potential investor base for mutual funds and managed accounts is limited, and our ability to distribute mutual funds and access clients for managed accounts will be highly dependent on access to the distribution systems and client bases of national and regional securities firms, banks, insurance companies, defined contribution plan administrators and other intermediaries, which generally offer competing internally and externally managed investment products. For open-end funds, such intermediaries are paid for their services to fund shareholders, in part, through Rule 12b-1 fees. Rule 12b-1 fees are those fees designated for promotions, sales, or any other activity connected with the distribution of the fund’s shares. In the case of no-load funds, Rule 12b-1 fees are usually, but not always, 0.25% of net assets and are used to cover advertising and marketing costs. Access to such distribution systems and client bases is substantially dependent upon our ability to charge Rule 12b-1 fees to our funds. To the extent that recent regulatory initiatives prohibit or limit the imposition of Rule 12b-1 or similar fees, our access to these distribution systems and client bases may be foreclosed in the future. To a lesser extent, the managed account business depends on referrals from financial planners and other professional advisers, as well as from existing clients. We cannot assure you that these channels and client bases will continue to be accessible to Aston. The inability to have such access could have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
While we expect the acquired business to continue to diversify and add new distribution channels for its mutual funds and managed accounts, a significant portion of the growth in its assets under management in recent years has been accessed through intermediaries. As of June 30, 2006, substantially all of the assets under management of the acquired business were attributable to accounts that it accessed through third-party intermediaries. These intermediaries generally may terminate their relationships on short notice. Loss of any of the distribution channels afforded by these intermediaries, and the inability to access clients through new distribution channels, could decrease assets under management and adversely affect our results of operations and growth. In addition, in the case of managed accounts offered through intermediaries to their customers, such intermediaries may reduce the fees that they remit to us as part of the arrangements they have with the acquired business. A substantial reduction in fees received from third-party intermediaries could have a material adverse affect on our business.
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After completion of the acquisition, a change of control of our company would automatically terminate our investment management agreements with our clients, unless our managed account clients consent and, in the case of fund clients, the funds’ board of trustees and shareholders voted to continue the agreements.
The consummation of the acquisition is conditioned upon approval by the boards of directors and stockholders of the Target Funds of the new investment advisory agreements with Aston and new sub-advisory agreements with respect to each Target Fund. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained.
Under the Investment Company Act, an investment management agreement with a fund must provide for its automatic termination in the event of its assignment. Under the Investment Advisers Act, a client’s investment management agreement may not be “assigned” by the investment adviser without the client’s consent. An investment management agreement is considered under both acts to be assigned to another party when a controlling block of the adviser’s securities is transferred. After consummation of the acquisition, an assignment of our investment management agreements may occur if, among other things, we sell or issue a certain number of additional common shares in the future. We cannot be certain that our clients will consent to assignments of our investment management agreements or approve new agreements with us if a change of control occurs. This restriction may discourage potential purchasers from considering an acquisition of a controlling interest in Highbury.
If the adviser’s advisory contracts are assigned, the selling adviser may receive a benefit in connection with its sale of its business only if certain conditions are met.
If an adviser sells its business and, as a result, the adviser’s advisory contracts with registered investment companies are assigned, the selling adviser may receive a benefit in connection with its sale of its business only if certain conditions are met following the sale and assignment of the advisory contracts. Among these conditions is a requirement that no “unfair burden” be imposed on the investment companies as a result of the transaction. An unfair burden will be deemed to exist if, during the two years after the transaction, the predecessor or successor adviser or any interested person thereof is entitled to compensation from any person engaged in transactions with Highbury or from Highbury or its shareholders for other than bona fide advisory or administrative services. This restriction may discourage potential purchasers from considering an acquisition of a controlling interest in Highbury.
Investors in open-end funds can redeem their investments in these funds at any time without prior notice, which could adversely affect Aston’s earnings.
Open-end fund investors may redeem their investments in those funds at any time without prior notice. Investors may reduce the aggregate amount of assets under management for any number of reasons, including investment performance, changes in prevailing interest rates and financial market performance. Poor performance relative to other asset management firms tends to result in decreased purchases of mutual fund shares and increased redemptions of mutual fund shares. Cumulative net redemptions have reduced the assets under management by the acquired business from $7.3 billion in 2004 to approximately $5.5 billion as of October 24, 2006, principally as a result of the net asset outflows in the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund, whose assets under management represent approximately 39% of the aggregate Target Funds’ assets as of June 30, 2006. In a declining stock market, the pace of mutual fund redemptions could accelerate. The redemption of investments in mutual funds managed by the acquired business would adversely affect our revenues, which are substantially dependent upon the assets under management in our funds. If net redemptions of investments in the acquired business’ mutual funds increase, it would cause our revenues to decline, which would have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
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A decline in the prices of securities, the performance of the Target Funds or changes in investors’ preference of investing styles could lead to a decline in Aston’s assets under management, revenues and earnings.
Substantially all of our revenues will be determined by the amount of assets under management. Under the acquired business’ investment advisory contracts with the Target Funds, the investment management fee is typically based on the market value of assets under management. In addition, the acquired business receives asset-based distribution or service fees with respect to the open-end funds pursuant to distribution plans adopted under provisions of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Accordingly, a decline in the prices of securities generally may cause our revenues and net income to decline by either causing the value of our assets under management to decrease, which would result in lower investment advisory and Rule 12b-1 fees, or causing clients to withdraw funds in favor of investments or investment styles they perceive to offer greater opportunity or lower risk, which would also result in lower fees. For example, investors have withdrawn funds from the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund as a result of its performance and changes in investors’ preferences for investing strategies. In addition, while the revenues of the acquired business are diversified across investment styles, the large capitalization growth style of investing accounts for approximately 57% of assets under management. Large capitalization style implies a restriction imposed on the portfolio manager to select for investment by the fund predominantly equity securities of companies that have an average market capitalization of more than $10 billion and companies whose earnings are expected to grow at a rate that is above average for its industry or the overall market. The securities markets are highly volatile, and securities prices may increase or decrease for many reasons, including economic and political events and acts of terrorism beyond our control. If a decline in securities prices, fund performance or change in investors’ preference of investment styles were to cause our revenues to decline, it could have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
Loss of key employees could lead to the loss of clients and a decline in revenue.
The ability of the acquired business to attract and retain quality personnel has contributed significantly to its growth and success. Aston’s ability to attract and retain personnel will be important to attracting and retaining clients following the acquisition. The market for qualified wholesalers, senior managers, compliance professionals, marketing professionals, key managers at the sub-advisers and other professionals is competitive. Aston and the sub-advisers may not be successful in their efforts to recruit and retain the required personnel to maintain or grow the acquired business. Loss of a significant number of key personnel could have an adverse effect on Aston and Highbury.
Any significant limitation or failure of the acquired business’ software applications and other technology systems that are critical to its operations could constrain its operations.
The acquired business is highly dependent upon the use of various proprietary and third-party software applications and other technology systems to operate the business. The acquired business uses its technology to, among other things, provide reports and other customer services to its clients. Any inaccuracies, delays or systems failures in these and other processes could subject the acquired business to client dissatisfaction and losses. Although Aston will take protective measures, its technology systems may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other events that have a security impact, such as an authorized employee or vendor inadvertently causing Aston to release confidential information, which could materially damage Aston’s operations or cause the disclosure or modification of sensitive or confidential information. Moreover, loss of confidential customer identification information could cause harm to Aston’s reputation. The acquired business relies heavily on software and technology that are licensed from, and supported, upgraded and maintained by, third-party vendors. A suspension or termination of certain of these licenses or the related support, upgrades and maintenance could cause temporary system delays or interruption. Potential system failures or breaches and the cost necessary to correct them could result in material financial loss, regulatory action, breach of client contracts, reputational harm or legal claims and liability, which in turn could negatively impact our revenues and income.
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Following the acquisition, Aston could suffer losses in earnings or revenue if its reputation is harmed or the Aston brand name is not recognized.
Following the acquisition, Aston’s reputation will be important to the success of its business and the success of Highbury. The management of Aston has strong relationships with intermediaries and their continued relationship will be based on their trust and confidence in Aston. If Aston’s reputation is harmed, existing clients of the acquired business may reduce amounts held in, or withdraw entirely from, funds that Aston will advise or funds may terminate their investment advisory contracts which could reduce the amount of assets under management of the acquired business and cause Aston to suffer a corresponding loss in earnings or revenues. Reputational harm may also cause Aston to lose employees and it may be unable to continue to attract new ones with similar qualifications, motivations or skills. If Aston fails to address, or appears to fail to address, successfully and promptly the underlying causes of any reputational harm, Aston may be unsuccessful in repairing any existing harm to its reputation and its future business prospects would likely be affected.
Highbury plans to co-brand the Target Funds with the names of the sub-advisers. For example, the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund would be re-named the Aston Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund. If investors and intermediaries fail to recognize the Target Funds with the Aston co-branding, the acquired business may suffer losses, which would impact its revenues and financial results.
We rely on a few major clients for a significant majority of our business, and the loss of any of these clients, or adverse developments with respect to the financial condition of any of our major clients could reduce our revenue.
Relationships with a limited number of clients have accounted for a significant majority of the revenue of the acquired business. We expect that Aston’s relationships with these clients will continue to account for a substantial portion of our total revenue in future periods. The acquired business’ client, the ABN AMRO Funds, a Delaware business trust, which accounts for approximately 97% of our assets under management, is comprised of 19 mutual funds that are currently managed by the acquired business. Because all these funds have the same trustees, it is possible that the contracts with them could be terminated simultaneously. Of these 19 funds, ABN AMRO Growth, ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth, ABN AMRO Mid-Cap and Veredus Aggressive Growth each account for more than 10% of the revenues of the acquired business. ABN AMRO and its subsidiaries have investment discretion over approximately 18% of the assets under management in the Target Funds. Additionally, the assets under management that the acquired business sources through independent financial advisers using Schwab and Fidelity, as custodians, each generate more than 10% of revenues received by the acquired business. These various client concentrations leave Aston vulnerable to any adverse change in the financial condition of any of its major clients. The loss of any of these relationships may have a material adverse impact on our revenues.
Risks Related To The Nature of the Acquisition
Aston’s autonomy limits our ability to alter its management practices and policies, and we may be held responsible for liabilities it incurs.
Although our limited liability company agreement with Aston gives us the authority to control or vote with respect to certain of its business activities, we generally will not be directly involved in managing its day-to-day activities, including investment management policies and fee levels, product development, client relationships, compensation programs and compliance activities. As a consequence, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by problems stemming from the day-to-day operations of Aston.
In addition, we may be held liable in some circumstances as a control person for the acts of Aston or its employees. For example, if Highbury exercises or refuses to exercise its approval right as the manager member to settle potential litigation or Aston issues securities in violation of laws and does not use due care in exercising this authority, Highbury may be exposed to liability related to Aston’s actions. While Highbury will maintain
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directors’ and officers’ insurance and Aston will maintain errors and omissions and general liability insurance in amounts believed to be adequate to cover certain potential liabilities, we may have claims that exceed the limits of available insurance coverage. Furthermore, insurers may not remain solvent, meet their obligations to provide coverage, or coverage may not continue to be available with sufficient limits and at a reasonable cost. A judgment against us or Aston in excess of available insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on us.
The failure to receive regular distributions from Aston will adversely affect us and our holding company structure will result in substantial structural subordination that may affect our ability to make payments on our obligations.
Because we are a holding company, we will receive substantially all of our cash from distributions made to us by Aston. Aston’s payment of distributions to us may be subject to claims by Aston’s creditors and to limitations applicable to Aston under federal and state laws, including securities and bankruptcy laws. Additionally, Aston may default on some or all of the distributions that are payable to us. As a result, we cannot guarantee that we will always receive these distributions from Aston. The failure to receive the distributions to which we are entitled under our limited liability company agreement with Aston and the Aston management team would adversely affect us, and may affect our ability to make payments on our obligations.
Our right to receive any assets of Aston upon its liquidation or reorganization, and thus the right of our stockholders to participate in those assets, typically would be subordinated to the claims of Aston’s creditors. In addition, even if we were a creditor of Aston, our rights as a creditor would be subordinated to any security interest and indebtedness of Aston that is senior to us.
The agreed-upon expense allocation under our revenue sharing arrangement with Aston may not be large enough to pay for all of Aston’s operating expenses.
Pursuant to the limited liability company agreement of Aston, we will receive a specified percentage of Aston’s gross revenue, and a percentage of revenue will be retained for use in paying Aston’s operating expenses. We may not have anticipated and reflected in the agreement possible changes in Aston’s revenue and expense base, and the agreed-upon expense allocation may not be large enough to pay for all of Aston’s operating expenses. We may elect to defer the receipt of our share of Aston’s revenue to permit Aston to fund such operating expenses, or we may restructure our relationship with Aston with the aim of maximizing the long-term benefits to us. We cannot be certain, however, that any such deferral or restructured relationship would be of any greater benefit to us. Such a deferral or restructured relationship might have an adverse effect on our near-term or long-term profitability and financial condition.
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We believe that some of the information in this proxy statement constitutes forward-looking statements within the definition of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intends,” and “continue” or similar words. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they:
| • | | discuss future expectations; |
| • | | contain projections of future results of operations or financial condition; or |
| • | | state other “forward-looking” information. |
We believe it is important to communicate our expectations to our stockholders. However, there may be events in the future that we are not able to predict accurately or over which we have no control. The risk factors and cautionary language discussed in this proxy statement provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events that may cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations described by us or Aston in such forward-looking statements, including among other things:
| • | | the number and percentage of our stockholders voting against the acquisition proposal and seeking conversion; |
| • | | the number and percentage of our stockholders abstaining from any vote; |
| • | | the impact of legislative and regulatory actions and reforms and regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions of government actions relating to Highbury; |
| • | | changes in political, economic or industry conditions, the interest rate environment or financial and capital markets, which could result in changes in demand for products or services or in the value of assets under management; |
| • | | terrorist activities and international hostilities, which may adversely affect the general economy, financial and capital markets, specific industries and Highbury; |
| • | | changing conditions in global financial markets generally and in the equity markets particularly, and decline or lack of sustained growth in these markets; |
| • | | Aston’s business strategy and plans; |
| • | | the introduction, withdrawal, success and timing of business initiatives and strategies; |
| • | | harm to Aston’s or Highbury’s reputation; |
| • | | fluctuations in customer demand; |
| • | | management of rapid growth; |
| • | | the impact of fund performance on redemptions; |
| • | | changes in investors’ preference of investing styles; |
| • | | changes in or loss of sub-advisers; |
| • | | the impact of increased competition; |
| • | | the results of future financing efforts; |
| • | | the impact of capital improvement projects; |
| • | | the impact of future acquisitions or divestitures; |
| • | | the relative and absolute investment performance of our investment products; |
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| • | | investment advisory agreements subject to termination or non-renewal; |
| • | | a substantial reduction in fees received from third parties; |
| • | | our success in finding or investing in additional investment management firms on favorable terms and consummating announced investments in new investment management firms; |
| • | | the ability to retain our major clients; |
| • | | the ability to attract and retain highly talented professionals; |
| • | | significant limitations or failure of software applications; |
| • | | expenses subject to significant fluctuations; and |
| • | | the impact, extent and timing of technological changes and the adequacy of intellectual property protection. |
You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this proxy statement.
All forward-looking statements included herein attributable to any of us, Aston, the acquired business or any person acting on either party’s behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Except to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations, Highbury and Aston undertake no obligations to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this proxy statement or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Before you grant your proxy or instruct how your vote should be cast or vote on the adoption of the asset purchase agreement, you should be aware that the occurrence of the events described in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this proxy statement could have a material adverse effect on Highbury and Aston.
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ANNUAL MEETING OF HIGHBURY STOCKHOLDERS
General
We are furnishing this proxy statement to Highbury stockholders as part of the solicitation of proxies by our board of directors for use at the annual meeting of Highbury stockholders to be held on November 27, 2006, and at any adjournment or postponement thereof. This proxy statement is first being furnished to our stockholders on or about , 2006 in connection with the vote on the proposed acquisition, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal. This document provides you with the information we believe you should know to be able to vote or instruct your vote to be cast at the annual meeting.
Date, Time and Place
The annual meeting of stockholders will be held on November 27, 2006, at 8:00 a.m., mountain time, at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202.
Purpose of the Highbury Annual Meeting
At the annual meeting, we are asking holders of Highbury common stock to:
| • | | approve the asset purchase agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby (acquisition proposal); |
| • | | approve an amendment to our certificate of incorporation to remove the preamble and sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth from the certificate of incorporation from and after the closing of the acquisition, as these provisions will no longer be applicable to us (Article Fifth amendment); |
| • | | approve the election of Russell L. Appel as Director; and |
| • | | approve the adjournment proposal. |
Recommendation of Highbury Board of Directors
Our board of directors:
| • | | has unanimously determined that the acquisition proposal is fair to and in the best interests of us and our stockholders; |
| • | | has unanimously determined that the Article Fifth amendment, director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are in the best interests of us and our stockholders; |
| • | | has unanimously approved the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal; |
| • | | unanimously recommends that our common stockholders vote “FOR” the acquisition proposal; |
| • | | unanimously recommends that our common stockholders vote “FOR” the proposal to adopt the Article Fifth amendment; |
| • | | unanimously recommends that our common stockholders vote “FOR” the director election proposal; and |
| • | | unanimously recommends that our common stockholders vote “FOR” the adjournment proposal. |
Record Date; Who is Entitled to Vote
We have fixed the close of business on October 24, 2006, as the record date for determining Highbury stockholders entitled to notice of and to attend and vote at the annual meeting. As of the close of business on June 30, 2006, there were 9,635,000 shares of our common stock outstanding and entitled to vote. Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote per share at the annual meeting.
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Pursuant to agreements with us, 1,891,667 shares of our common stock held by our Inside Stockholders will be voted on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by holders of shares of common stock issued in our IPO at the annual meeting on the acquisition proposal.
Quorum
The presence, in person or by proxy, of a majority of all the outstanding shares of common stock constitutes a quorum at the annual meeting.
Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes
Proxies that are marked “abstain” will be treated as shares present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum on all matters and will be counted as “no” votes. Proxies relating to “street name” shares that are returned to us but marked by brokers as “not voted” will be treated as shares present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum for the Article Fifth amendment, but not for the acquisition proposal, the director election proposal or the adjournment proposal. If you do not give the broker voting instructions, under the rules of the NASD, your broker may not vote your shares on the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal or the adjournment proposal. Since a stockholder must vote against the acquisition proposal to have conversion rights, individuals who fail to vote or who abstain from voting may not exercise their conversion rights. Beneficial holders of shares held in “street name” that are voted against the acquisition may exercise their conversion rights. See the information set forth in “Annual Meeting of Highbury Stockholders – Conversion Rights.”
Vote of Our Stockholders Required
The acquisition proposal will require the approval of a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO. The approval of the Article Fifth amendment will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of Highbury common stock outstanding on the record date. The approval of the director election proposal will require a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting. The approval of the adjournment proposal will require a majority of the shares of Highbury common stock present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting. Because the approval of the Article Fifth amendment requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote, an abstention or failure to vote will have the same effect as a vote against this proposal. Shares not entitled to vote because of a broker non-vote will not have the effect of a vote against the acquisition proposal or the director election proposal but will have the effect of a vote against the Article Fifth amendment. For purposes of the acquisition proposal and the director election proposal, abstentions will have the same effect as a vote against the proposal; however, you cannot seek conversion unless you vote against the acquisition proposal. Neither an abstention or failure to vote on the acquisition proposal will have the effect of converting your shares of common stock into a pro rata portion of the trust account (net of taxes payable).
Voting Your Shares
Each share of Highbury common stock that you own in your name entitles you to one vote. Your proxy card shows the number of shares of our common stock that you own.
There are two ways to vote your shares of Highbury common stock at the annual meeting:
| • | | You can vote by signing and returning the enclosed proxy card. If you vote by proxy card, your “proxy,” whose name is listed on the proxy card, will vote your shares as you instruct on the proxy card. If you sign and return the proxy card but do not give instructions on how to vote your shares, your shares will be voted as recommended by our board “FOR” the adoption of the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal. |
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| • | | You can attend the annual meeting and vote in person. We will give you a ballot when you arrive. A vote cast by ballot will replace a vote previously cast by proxy. You may vote by ballot even if you have not previously submitted a proxy. However, if your shares are held in the name of your broker, bank or another nominee, you must get a proxy from the broker, bank or other nominee. That is the only way we can be sure that the broker, bank or nominee has not already voted your shares. |
IF YOU DO NOT VOTE YOUR SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK IN ANY OF THE WAYS DESCRIBED ABOVE, IT WILL NOT HAVE THE EFFECT OF A DEMAND OF CONVERSION OF YOUR SHARES INTO A PRO RATA SHARE OF THE TRUST ACCOUNT IN WHICH A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF THE PROCEEDS OF OUR IPO ARE HELD.
Revoking Your Proxy
If you give a proxy, you may revoke it at any time before it is exercised by doing any one of the following:
| • | | you may send another proxy card with a later date; |
| • | | you may notify Richard S. Foote, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, in writing before the annual meeting that you have revoked your proxy; or |
| • | | you may attend the annual meeting, revoke your proxy, and vote in person, as indicated above. |
Who Can Answer Your Questions About Voting Your Shares
If you have any questions about how to vote or direct a vote in respect of your shares of our common stock, you may call Morrow & Co., our proxy solicitor, at (800) 607-0088 or Richard S. Foote, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, at (303) 357-4802.
No Additional Matters May Be Presented at the Annual Meeting
This annual meeting has been called only to consider the adoption of the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal. Under our by-laws, other than procedural matters incident to the conduct of the meeting, no other matters may be considered at the annual meeting if they are not included in the notice of the meeting.
Conversion Rights
Any of our stockholders holding shares of Highbury common stock issued in our IPO who votes against the acquisition proposal may demand that we convert his shares into a pro rata portion of the trust account, net of taxes payable. If demand is made no later than the close of the vote at the stockholder meeting and the acquisition is consummated, we will convert these shares into a pro rata portion of funds held in the trust account plus interest (net of taxes payable), calculated as of the date that is two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed business combination. Highbury stockholders who seek to exercise this conversion right must vote against the acquisition. Abstentions and broker non-votes do not satisfy this requirement.
The last sale price, as quoted on the OTCBB, of our common stock on October 24, 2006 was $5.71 which is equal to the conversion price on such date and the per share, pro rata cash held in the trust account on that date (net of taxes payable) was approximately $5.71. If the per share conversion price is higher than the market price of Highbury’s common stock at the time of the stockholder vote, a stockholder might elect to convert his shares into his pro rata share of the trust account rather than approve the acquisition. In addition, if the acquisition is approved, the market price of our common stock following the consummation of the acquisition may be less than the conversion price. Prior to exercising conversion rights, our stockholders should verify the market price of our common stock as they may receive higher proceeds from the sale of their common stock in the public market
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than from exercising their conversion rights if the market price per share is higher than the conversion price. Conversely, if the per share conversion price is higher than the market price of Highbury’s common stock at the time of the stockholder vote, a stockholder might elect to convert his share into his pro rata share of the trust account rather than approve the acquisition. In addition, if the acquisition is approved, the market price of our common stock following the acquisition may be less than the conversion price.
If the holders of 1,548,667 or more shares of common stock issued in our IPO (an amount equal to 20% or more of those shares) vote against the acquisition proposal and demand conversion of their shares, we will not consummate the acquisition.
If you exercise your conversion rights, then you will be exchanging your shares of our common stock for cash and will no longer own those shares. You will be entitled to receive cash for these shares only if you vote against the acquisition proposal, properly demand conversion, continue to hold those shares through the effective time of the acquisition and then tender your stock certificate to us. If you hold the shares in street name, you will have to coordinate with your broker to have your shares certificated.
Appraisal Rights
Stockholders of Highbury do not have appraisal rights in connection with the acquisition.
Proxy Solicitation Costs
We are soliciting proxies on behalf of our board of directors. This solicitation is being made by mail but also may be made by telephone or in person. We and our directors and officers may also solicit proxies in person, by telephone or by other electronic means.
We have engaged Morrow & Co. to assist in the proxy solicitation process. We will pay Morrow & Co. a fee of $5,500 plus reasonable out-of-pocket charges and a flat fee of $5 per outbound proxy solicitation call. Such costs will be paid with funds that are not held in the trust account.
All information provided in connection with these solicitations will be consistent with this proxy statement and the enclosed proxy card and will comply with Rule 14a-4.
We will ask banks, brokers and other institutions, nominees and fiduciaries to forward our proxy materials to their principals and to obtain their authority to execute proxies and voting instructions. We will reimburse them for their reasonable expenses.
Highbury Inside Stockholders
At the close of business on the record date, R. Bruce Cameron, Richard S. Foote, R. Bradley Forth, Russell L. Appel and Broad Hollow LLC, or Broad Hollow, whom we collectively refer to as the Highbury Inside Stockholders, beneficially owned and were entitled to vote 1,891,667 shares or approximately 19.6% of our outstanding shares of our common stock, which includes all of the shares held by our directors and executive officers and their affiliates. R. Bruce Cameron is currently our Chairman of the Board, Richard S. Foote is currently our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, R. Bradley Forth is currently our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary and Russell L. Appel is currently a Director. All of the Highbury Inside Stockholders agreed to vote their shares on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares issued in our IPO. The Highbury Inside Stockholders also agreed, in connection with the IPO, to place 1,725,000 shares acquired prior to the IPO in escrow until January 31, 2009. In addition, the 166,667 units and shares and warrants comprising those units purchased by the Highbury Inside Stockholders in a private placement contemporaneously with the IPO may not be sold, assigned or transferred until after the successful completion of a business combination by Highbury.
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Ownership of Common Stock
The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of October 24, 2006 by officers and directors and known 5% holders:
| | | | | |
Name and address of beneficial owner(1) | | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | | Approximate Percentage of Outstanding Common Stock | |
R. Bruce Cameron(2)(3) | | 1,079,365 | | 12.5 | % |
Richard S. Foote(3) | | 567,500 | | 5.9 | % |
R. Bradley Forth(3)(4) | | 94,583 | | 1.0 | % |
Russell L. Appel(3)(5)(6) | | 189,167 | | 2.0 | % |
Broad Hollow LLC(2)(3) | | 898,826 | | 10.4 | % |
Wellington Management Company, LLP(7) | | 986,000 | | 10.2 | % |
Sapling, LLC/Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund, L.P.(8) | | 952,125 | | 9.6 | % |
Context Capital Management, LLC(9) | | 813,500 | | 8.4 | % |
Dorset Management Corporation (10) | | 800,000 | | 8.3 | % |
All executive officers and directors as a group (four individuals) | | 1,891,667 | | 19.6 | % |
(1) | Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each of stockholders listed in this table is c/o Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, 535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor, New York, New York 10022. |
(2) | This number includes 851,250 shares owned of record by Broad Hollow LLC and 47,573 shares held by our existing stockholders that Broad Hollow has the right to call during the 30-day period following the closing of our initial business combination that are attributed to Mr. Cameron, according to Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, due to his position as the managing member of Broad Hollow LLC. These share numbers do not include 86,250 shares held by Mr. Forth, which are subject to a call in favor of Broad Hollow LLC, exercisable if Mr. Forth’s employment by Berkshire Capital is terminated for certain reasons before the second anniversary of our initial business combination. |
(3) | These numbers exclude 333,334 shares of common stock issuable to the initial stockholders upon exercise of warrants that are not currently exercisable and will not become exercisable within 60 days of August 14, 2006. |
(4) | The business address of Mr. Forth is c/o Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, CO 80202. |
(5) | These shares are owned of record by the Hillary Appel Trust and the Catey Lauren Appel Trust, of which Mr. Appel’s wife is the trustee. Mr. Appel disclaims beneficial ownership of all such shares. |
(6) | The business address of Mr. Appel is c/o The Praedium Group LLC, 825 Third Avenue, 36th Floor, New York, NY 10022. |
(7) | As reported in a Schedule 13G dated January 31, 2006 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 21, 2006. The business address of Wellington Management Company, LLP is 75 State Street, Boston, MA 02109. The Schedule 13G does not disclose the natural persons that would be deemed the control persons of Wellington Management Company, LLP. We have no basis to believe that the information in such schedule with respect to natural persons controlling Wellington Management Company, LLP is incomplete or inaccurate or that an amendment to such schedule with respect to such information should have been filed and was not. |
(8) | As reported in a Schedule 13G dated March 9, 2006 and filed with the SEC by Sapling, LLC and Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund on March 29, 2006. The business address of Sapling, LLC and Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund, L.P. is 535 Fifth Avenue, 31st Floor, New York, New York 10017. Sapling, LLC may direct the voting and disposition of 634,054 shares of our common stock and Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund, L.P. may direct the voting and disposition of 291,071 shares of our common stock. The manager of both entities is Fir Tree, Inc. The Schedule 13G does not disclose the natural persons that would be deemed the control persons of Sapling LLC/Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund, L.P. However, we have reason to believe that the information in such schedule is incomplete based upon our review of beneficial ownership tables contained in public filings of other companies which state that Jeffrey Tannenbaum is a control person of Sapling LLC/Fir Tree Recovery Master Fund, L.P. |
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(9) | As reported in a Schedule 13G dated January 26, 2006 and filed with the SEC on February 6, 2006. The business address of Context Capital Management, LLC is 12626 High Bluff Drive, Suite 440, San Diego, CA 92130. Michael S. Rosen and William D. Fertig have shared voting power and shared dispositive power with respect to these shares. |
(10) | As reported on a schedule 13G dated April 21, 2006 and filed with the SEC on April 27, 2006. The business address of Dorset Management Corporation is 485 Underhill Boulevard, Suite 205, Syosset, NY 11791. David M. Knott has sole voting power over 532,200 shares, shared voting power over 261,200 shares, sole dispositive power over 576,000 shares and shared dispositive power over 233,000 shares. |
Broad Hollow LLC, which is the record owner of 851,250 shares of our common stock, has the right to call, on a ratable basis, up to 5% of the shares of our common stock held prior to our initial public offering and the private placement by Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Forth and the Appel trusts at a price per share of approximately $0.61, exercisable during the 30-day period following the closing of our initial business combination. If the call option is exercised, Broad Hollow, in the discretion of its managing member, may grant bonuses in cash, Broad Hollow membership interests or shares of our common stock owned by Broad Hollow to any party in connection with our initial business combination or any other acquisition made by us. This arrangement is intended to compensate those parties, if any, who participate in the due diligence, structuring and negotiation of a business combination. Broad Hollow will use its own funds to exercise the call option and grant cash bonuses, if any. We will make no payments or issue any of our shares in connection with this arrangement. Messrs. Foote and Cameron and eight other equity owners and employees of Berkshire Capital are the members of Broad Hollow. Broad Hollow is an affiliate of ours due to its ownership interest in us.
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THE ACQUISITION PROPOSAL
The discussion in this document of the acquisition and the principal terms of the asset purchase agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, by and among Highbury, Aston and the Sellers is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the asset purchase agreement. A copy of the asset purchase agreement is attached as Annex A to this proxy statement and is incorporated in this proxy statement by reference.
General Description of the Acquisition
On April 20, 2006, Highbury and Aston entered into an asset purchase agreement with the Sellers. Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth therein, Highbury will acquire substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds specified in the asset purchase agreement.
The acquisition is currently expected to be consummated in the fourth quarter of 2006, after receipt of requisite approvals from (i) the stockholders of Highbury, (ii) the stockholders of the Target Funds and (iii) the trustees of the Target Funds. The trustees of the Target Funds approved the acquisition on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained.
In connection with the closing, Aston will enter into an investment advisory agreement with the Target Funds pursuant to which Aston will be the investment adviser to the Funds, and will enter into sub-advisory agreements with each of the advisers, including the Sellers, that currently manage the Target Funds pursuant to which each such Seller will act as a sub-adviser to the applicable Target Fund. Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement with the exception of the agreements with ABN AMRO/Balanced Fund - Class N, ABN AMRO/Bond Fund - Class I, ABN AMRO/Bond Fund - Class N, ABN AMRO/Investment Grade Bond Fund - Class J, ABN AMRO/Investment Grade Bond Fund - Class N and ABN AMRO/Municipal Bond Fund - Class N, the Sellers have agreed not to terminate these agreements for a period of five years following the closing of the acquisition. Highbury believes that the termination of the agreements by those sub-advisers that have not committed to a five-year agreement does not present a material risk to Highbury’s or Aston’s operations following the acquisition because, as of June 30, 2006, these funds represent approximately 4.7% of the Target Funds’ total assets under management and approximately 1.9% of the run rate advisory fee revenue generated by the Target Funds.
General Structure of the Acquired Business
After the consummation of the acquisition, Aston will provide investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to each of the Target Funds. Aston will also have the ultimate responsibility for the investment management of each Target Fund, including the investment philosophy, process and security selection. For its services, Aston will receive payments from each Target Fund, on a monthly basis, equal to a fixed percentage (i.e. the gross advisory fee) multiplied by the weighted average assets under management of the Target Fund during the period. In aggregate, these monthly fees will constitute the gross advisory fees collected by Aston.
For some funds, Aston will guarantee shareholders that the fund’s total expenses will not exceed a certain percentage of the weighted average assets under management (i.e. an expense cap). In such cases where actual fund expenses exceed the expense cap, Aston will waive advisory fees or reimburse fund expenses to reduce its total expenses to the expense cap. Highbury and Aston have accounted for the gross advisory fees, net of all fee waivers and expense reimbursements, as revenue in the accompanying pro forma financial disclosure.
In connection with certain distribution agreements, Aston will pay fees to third-parties for selling the Target Funds to investors. These fees are most often equal to a fixed percentage of the gross advisory fees generated for Aston by the individual investor. As such, they are frequently referred to as third-party revenue sharing payments. Such payments are an operating expense of the business and are included on the pro forma financial statements within the line item “Distribution and sub-advisory fees.”
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While Aston, as investment advisor to each of the Target Funds, has the ultimate responsibility for the investment management of each Target Fund, the business will contract with certain institutional investment management firms to provide sub-investment advisory services to all of the Target Funds. In this capacity, these firms will provide the investment philosophy, process and security selection for each Target Fund. For their services, Aston will pay the sub-advisors a fixed percentage (generally 50% with two exceptions) of the advisory fees, net of all fee waivers, expense reimbursements and third-party revenue sharing payments, generated by the applicable Target Fund. These payments are an operating expense of the business and are included on the pro forma condensed combined financial statements within the line item “Distribution and sub-advisory fees.”
The historical financial statements of the acquired business included in this proxy statement have been prepared on a “carve-out” basis, and as such, are presented as though the acquired business had been a stand-alone operation. Although the acquired business was organized differently than Highbury will be organized, the historical financial statements were prepared on a basis consistent with that which Highbury will use for its financial statements.
Description of the Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement
Aston and AAAMHI entered into an Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement, attached hereto as Annex F, on September 1, 2006 pursuant to which Aston will provide services to AAAMHI in order for AAAMHI to continue to fulfill its duties as investment adviser to those money market funds, other than Target Funds, that AAAMHI will continue to advise following the closing of the acquisition.
Services. Under the agreement, Aston is required to perform services that were performed for AAAMHI by the acquired business prior to the completion of the acquisition. These services include marketing and customer relations, bookkeeping and internal accounting functions, and legal, regulatory and board of trustees support.
Compensation. Aston will provide these services for a monthly fee equal to $45,833.33 plus 1/12th of .01% of the amount, if any, by which the average daily assets under management of the funds advised by Aston under this agreement for such month exceed $3 billion; provided, that if the assets under management in such funds ever exceed $15 billion for a consecutive 90 day period, the fee may be renegotiated.
Term. This agreement has a five year term but can be terminated by AAAMHI upon six months’ notice to Aston. AAAMHI may also terminate this agreement at any time if it pays Aston a termination fee of $275,000.
Indemnification. AAAMHI has agreed to indemnify Aston against liabilities arising from the performance of Aston’s services under the agreement, other than liabilities arising from Aston’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.
Description of the Investment Advisory Agreement
The investment advisory agreement between Aston and the Target Funds will be effective as of the closing date of the acquisition and will have an initial term, with respect to each Target Fund, ending on December 31, 2007 (if the acquisition closes before December 31, 2006) or December 31, 2008 (if the acquisition closes on or after December 31, 2006). The investment advisory agreement will continue in effect from year to year thereafter if such continuance is approved on behalf of a target fund at least annually in the manner required by the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Investment Management Services. The investment advisory agreement provides that Aston will manage the investment and reinvestment of each Target Fund’s assets in accordance with the Target Fund’s investment objective, policies and limitations and administer the Target Fund’s affairs to the extent requested by, and subject to the oversight of, the Target Fund’s board. The investment advisory agreement permits the investment adviser to delegate its responsibilities to one or more sub-advisers, whether affiliated or unaffiliated, and allows the investment adviser to engage sub-advisers without shareholder approval, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Accordingly, the investment advisory agreement will allow Aston to implement a multi-manager or
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“manager of managers” structure in the future, subject to Aston’s obtaining appropriate exemptive relief from the SEC, or the SEC’s adopting a rule permitting a “manager of managers” structure. The sub-advisory agreements include several provisions designed to accommodate the use of multiple managers and/or a “manager of managers” structure. A “manager of managers” is a fund that employs multiple sub-advisers or investment advisers. The sub-advisory agreements: (i) permit the investment adviser to allocate portions of the portfolio to different investment managers; (ii) prohibit each sub-adviser from consulting with other sub-advisers engaged by the investment adviser, except for affiliates; and (iii) require shareholder approval for amendments to the agreement only if required by law.
Brokerage. The investment advisory agreement authorizes the investment adviser to select brokers or dealers that will execute the purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the Target Funds, subject to its obligation to obtain best execution under the circumstances, which may take account of the overall quality of brokerage and research services provided to the investment adviser. The agreement permits the investment adviser to rely on Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in placing brokerage transactions. Under that section, a commission paid to a broker may be higher than that which another qualified broker would have charged to effect the same transaction, provided that the investment adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in terms of either the transaction or the overall responsibility of the investment adviser to the Target Funds and its other clients and that the total commissions paid by each Target Fund will be reasonable in relation to the benefits to such Target Fund over the long term.
Expenses. The investment advisory agreement provides that the investment adviser will pay all its own costs and expenses incurred in fulfilling its obligations under the agreement, as well as for all necessary services, facilities and personnel. The investment advisory agreement provides that a Target Fund will pay all expenses incidental to its operation and business not specifically assumed or agreed to be paid by the investment adviser and sets forth a non-exclusive list of such expenses.
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Compensation. In return for the services provided under the investment advisory agreement, each Target Fund will pay an advisory fee to Aston. The gross advisory fee payable to Aston is equal to the applicable fee rate multiplied by the average assets under management of the Fund for a given period. The advisory fee is accrued daily and payable monthly. The advisory fee rate paid to Aston will be the same rate as that being paid to the current investment adviser of each respective Target Fund. The table below provides the gross advisory fee rate payable to Aston by each Target Fund.
| | | |
Fund | | Annual Gross Advisory Fee Rate | |
Equity Funds: | | | |
Montag & Caldwell Growth | | 0.70 | % |
Growth | | 0.66 | % |
Veredus Aggressive Growth | | 1.00 | % |
Mid-Cap | | 0.74 | % |
Value | | 0.80 | % |
TAMRO Small-Cap | | 0.90 | % |
Real Estate | | 1.00 | % |
Balanced | | 0.70 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced | | 0.75 | % |
Veredus Select Growth | | 0.80 | % |
TAMRO Large-Cap Value | | 0.80 | % |
River Road Small-Cap Value | | 0.90 | % |
River Road Dynamic Equity | | 0.70 | % |
Veredus Science Technology | | 1.00 | % |
Mid-Cap Growth | | 0.80 | % |
| |
Fixed Income Funds | | | |
Bond | | 0.55 | % |
Municipal Bond | | 0.60 | % |
Investment Grade Bond | | 0.50 | % |
High Yield | | 0.45 | % |
Limitation on Liability. Under the investment advisory agreement, the investment adviser and its directors, officers, stockholders, employees and agents will not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the investment adviser or the Target Funds in connection with any matters to which the advisory agreement relates or for any other act or omission in the performance by the investment adviser of its duties under the advisory agreement, except that nothing in the advisory agreement shall be construed to protect the investment adviser against any liability by reason of its willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or for its reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the advisory agreement.
Continuance. If the shareholders of a Target Fund approve the investment advisory agreement for a Target Fund and, assuming the consummation of the acquisition, the investment advisory agreement with respect to a Target Fund will be effective as of the closing of the acquisition and have an initial term, with respect to each Target Fund, ending on December 31, 2007 (if the acquisition closes before December 31, 2006) or December 31, 2008 (if the acquisition closes on or after December 31, 2006). Thereafter the investment advisory agreement may be continued for successive one-year periods if approved at least annually in the manner required by the Investment Company Act.
Termination. The investment advisory agreement provides that it may be terminated at any time without the payment of any penalty by the Fund or the investment adviser on sixty (60) days’ written notice to the other party.
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Description of the Sub-advisory Agreements
With respect to each Target Fund, it is proposed that Aston will enter into a sub-advisory agreement with ABN AMRO or another sub-adviser.
If approved by shareholders of a Target Fund, the sub-advisory agreement for the Target Fund will be effective as of the closing date of the acquisition and will have an initial term ending on December 31, 2007, if the acquisition closes before December 31, 2006, or December 31, 2008, if the acquisition closes on or after December 31, 2006. Each sub-advisory agreement will continue in effect from year to year thereafter if such continuance is approved on behalf of the Target Fund at least annually in the manner required by the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Sub-advisory Services. The sub-advisory agreements provide that the sub-adviser will furnish an investment program in respect of, make investment decisions, and place all orders for the purchase and sale of securities for the portion of the Target Fund’s investment portfolio allocated by the investment adviser to the sub-adviser, all on behalf of the Target Fund and subject to oversight of the board and the supervision of the investment adviser. In performing its duties under the sub-advisory agreements, the sub-adviser will monitor the Target Fund’s investments and will comply with the provisions of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and by-laws and the stated investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Target Fund.
Compensation. Under the sub-advisory agreements, the investment adviser pays the sub-adviser a management fee out of the investment advisory fee it receives from the Target Fund. For each Target Fund, other than the funds sub-advised by MFS and Optimum, Aston will pay the sub-adviser an advisory fee at a rate equal to 50% of the investment advisory fee payable to Aston, less fee waivers, expense reimbursements and payments to third parties for distribution-related services. Aston will enter into the new sub-advisory agreements with the affiliates of the Sellers at the time of the closing of the acquisition. The execution of these agreements on the pricing terms set forth below is a condition to the closing of the acquisition. MFS and Optimum are not affiliates of the Sellers and are not parties to this transaction. After the consummation of the business combination, MFS and Optimum will continue to serve as sub-advisers, and the terms of the sub-advisory contracts currently in place will remain unchanged. The fee sharing arrangements with all of the sub-advisers are set forth in the table below.
| | | | | | | | |
Fund | | Investment Sub-Adviser | | Percentage of Net Fees Retained by the Acquired Business | | | Percentage of Net Fees Paid to the Investment Sub-Advisor | |
Equity Funds: | | | | | | | | |
Montag & Caldwell Growth | | Montag & Caldwell | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Growth | | ABN AMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Veredus Aggressive Growth | | Veredus | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Mid-Cap | | Optimum | | 64.2 | % | | 35.8 | % |
Value | | MFS | | 23.5 | % | | 76.5 | % |
TAMRO Small-Cap | | TAMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Real Estate | | ABN AMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Balanced | | ABN AMRO* | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced | | Montag & Caldwell | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Veredus Select Growth | | Veredus | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
TAMRO Large-Cap Value | | TAMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
River Road Small-Cap Value | | River Road | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
River Road Dynamic Equity | | River Road | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Veredus Science Technology | | Veredus | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Mid-Cap Growth | | ABN AMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
| | | |
Fixed Income Funds | | | | | | | | |
Bond | | ABN AMRO* | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Municipal Bond | | ABN AMRO* | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
Investment Grade Bond | | ABN AMRO* | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
High Yield | | ABN AMRO | | 50.0 | % | | 50.0 | % |
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* | In connection with the approval of the business combination by the Target Funds’ board of trustees and shareholders, the board of trustees and the shareholders have approved (i) new sub-advisory agreements between Aston and Taplin, Canida & Habacht, Inc. for the ABN AMRO Bond Fund, the ABN AMRO Investment Grade Bond Fund and the fixed income component of the ABN AMRO Balanced Fund, and (ii) a new sub-advisory agreement between Aston and McDonnell Investment Management, LLC for the ABN AMRO Municipal Bond Fund. These new sub-advisors will replace ABN AMRO Asset Management Inc. as the sub-advisor to each of these funds upon the consummation of the business combination. The economic terms of the new sub-advisory agreements are the same as the terms outlined in the table above. |
Brokerage. The sub-advisory agreements authorize the sub-adviser to select the brokers or dealers that will execute the purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the Target Funds, subject to its obligation to obtain best execution under the circumstances, which may take account of the overall quality of brokerage and research services provided to the sub-adviser. The agreements permit the sub-adviser to rely on Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in placing brokerage transactions.
Under that section, a commission paid to a broker may be higher than that which another qualified broker would have charged for effecting the same transaction provided that the sub-adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in terms of either the transaction or the overall responsibility of the sub-adviser to the Target Funds and its other clients and that the total commission paid by each Target Fund will be reasonable in relation to the benefits to such Target Fund over the long term.
Payment of Expenses. Under each new sub-advisory agreement, the sub-adviser agrees to pay all expenses it incurs in connection with its activities under the agreement other than the cost of securities (including brokerage commissions and other related expenses) purchased for the Target Fund.
Limitation on Liability. Under each sub-advisory agreement, the sub-adviser and its directors, officers, stockholders, employees and agents will not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the sub-adviser in connection with any matters to which the sub-adviser relates or for any other act or omission in the performance by the sub-adviser of its duties under the agreement, except that nothing in the agreement shall be construed to protect the sub-adviser against any liability by reason of the sub-adviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or for its reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the agreement.
Termination. The sub-advisory agreement for each Target Fund provides that the agreement may be terminated at any time without the payment of any penalty by the investment adviser on sixty (60) days’ written notice to the sub-adviser. The sub-advisory agreement may also be terminated by a Target Fund by action of the board or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that Target Fund, accompanied by sixty (60) days’ written notice.
Background of the Acquisition
The terms of the asset purchase agreement are the result of arm’s-length negotiations between Highbury, the Sellers, and their respective representatives.
Highbury was formed on July 13, 2005 for the purpose of acquiring or acquiring control of, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase or other similar business combination, one or more financial services businesses. Highbury completed its IPO on January 31, 2006, raising net proceeds of approximately $43.8 million, including the proceeds from the full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, and $1,000,002 of proceeds from the units purchased by Highbury’s founders in a concurrent private placement. Highbury placed $42,616,234 of the net proceeds, and $673,333 of the deferred non-accountable expense allowance payable to TEP and EBC, aggregating $43,289,567, in a trust account immediately following the IPO. In accordance with Highbury’s certificate of incorporation, these funds will be released upon the consummation of a business combination or upon the liquidation of Highbury. Highbury must dissolve and liquidate unless it has consummated a business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension in certain circumstances to January 31, 2008. As of October 24, 2006, approximately $44.5 million was held in the trust account.
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As disclosed in the prospectus for Highbury’s IPO, at no time prior to the consummation of the IPO did Highbury nor any officers, directors or affiliates of Highbury identify, contact, or engage in any discussions regarding a business combination with any potential targets on behalf of Highbury.
Promptly following the consummation of Highbury’s IPO, Highbury contacted investment banking firms, private equity firms, law firms and other professional firms specializing in the financial services industries, as well as current and former senior executives of financial services firms with whom Highbury’s officers have worked in the past. In these efforts, promptly following the consummation of Highbury’s IPO, Highbury’s officers, who are employees of Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, or Berkshire Capital, an investment banking firm that provides merger and acquisition advisory services to investment management and securities firms, consulted the other employees of Berkshire Capital regarding potential acquisition targets. Ten employees or equity owners of Berkshire Capital, including Bruce Cameron, our Chairman and Richard Foote, our President and Chief Executive Officer are members of Broad Hollow LLC, one of the Highbury Inside Stockholders. Through these efforts and through data available from public sources, on February 1, 2006 we began to compile an extensive initial target list of merger or acquisition targets and sources of potential mergers or acquisitions. We refined this list through further discussions with Berkshire Capital and our industry contacts based on the acquisition criteria disclosed in the IPO prospectus that we developed during the process of completing our IPO. The refined list included more than 200 potential merger or acquisition candidates and sources of potential merger or acquisition candidates. As of June 30, 2006, we had contacted 93 targets, have held substantial discussions with 16 of those targets and had delivered written or oral preliminary indications of interest, including specified levels of merger or acquisition consideration, to five of those targets. With respect to 11 of those targets with which Highbury had substantial discussions but did not deliver written or oral preliminary indications of interest, the nature of the discussions provided an opportunity for the targets and Highbury to exchange information in order to determine if there were bases for Highbury to prepare such indications of interest. The discussions included financial disclosures, reviews of alternative potential transaction structures, preliminary estimates of transaction values, and discussions of owner or management objectives, business plans, and projected growth rates. All of the targets Highbury has contacted or engaged in discussions with, including the Sellers, were initially identified on the list of prospective acquisition candidates Highbury prepared after consummation of its IPO.
We contacted a senior executive of a large financial services corporation on February 2, 2006, on the advice of an investment banker whom we consulted on the same day in the process of identifying potential targets. In this discussion we learned that the corporate parent would entertain discussions regarding the sale of up to three of its investment management subsidiaries. We met with one of the subsidiaries on February 21, 2006. In further discussions with the corporate parent, we expressed an interest in acquiring all three of the affiliates in a single transaction; however, the corporate parent indicated it was interested in divesting only one affiliate and certain operations of a second affiliate. We drafted a term sheet and bid letter for this opportunity, but given the known divergence of objectives, we decided to deliver the proposal orally in a meeting with the corporate parent on February 22, 2006. Subsequently, we and the corporate parent mutually decided to terminate discussions, as it became apparent that we would not reach an agreement.
We were introduced to the second target by an investment banker with whom we spoke in the process of identifying targets. We first contacted the president of the target by telephone on February 8, 2006. Mr. Foote and the investment banker met with the principals of the target on February 9, 2006 in the target’s office. On February 10, 2006, we executed a confidentiality agreement and received evaluation material. On February 28, 2006, Mr. Foote met with the target’s president in the target’s office and delivered an initial written proposal. At the meeting, the target indicated a desire for a greater amount of acquisition consideration and changes to the proposed transaction structure. The target requested additional time to analyze the proposal in detail and perhaps prepare a counter-proposal. As of June 30, 2006 we have not received a counter-proposal from this target. Subsequent to the announcement of the acquisition transaction, Mr. Foote spoke with the president of the target to notify him of the acquisition transaction.
As described in greater detail later in this section, the indication of interest Highbury submitted to the Sellers was the third proposal Highbury delivered to a potential target.
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We identified the fourth target in the process of preparing the initial target list and we contacted the target on March 2, 2006. The following day we sent the target background information on Highbury. Mr. Foote had two preliminary meetings with the target, first in Highbury’s New York office on March 14, 2006 and then in the target’s office on March 15, 2006. On March 16, 2006, we executed a confidentiality agreement and immediately afterwards received evaluation materials. On April 7, 2006, we delivered an initial proposal. The target requested, among other things, a greater amount of acquisition consideration and changes to the proposed transaction structure. The target also requested additional time to analyze the proposal and prepare a counter-proposal. As of June 30, 2006 we have not received a counter-proposal from this target. Subsequent to the announcement of the acquisition transaction, Mr. Foote spoke with the president of the target to notify him of the acquisition transaction.
An investment banker we consulted during the process of identifying targets referred us to the fifth target. We first discussed this target with the investment banker on February 22, 2006, and we received a confidentiality agreement with respect to the opportunity on March 27, 2006. We executed the confidentiality agreement on April 8, 2006 and received the evaluation materials shortly thereafter. We submitted a preliminary indication of interest in writing to the target on May 1, 2006. The target is conducting a competitive auction sale process and has informed us that it will proceed with the process without Highbury.
Throughout the course of our discussions with potential targets (other than the Sellers), similar issues arose, including, but not limited to:
| • | | An initial lack of interest, for a variety of reasons, on the target’s part; |
| • | | An inability to agree on valuation; |
| • | | An inability to agree on transaction structure; |
| • | | Unfavorable issues identified in discussions or due diligence; and |
| • | | Accounting or other technical matters. |
Because we did not reach preliminary agreements with any target other than the Sellers, none of the four other transaction opportunities have been presented to our board of directors for consideration.
Highbury identified AAAMHI, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Holdings N.V., as a potential source of one or more targets in the process of compiling and refining its initial list of targets following completion of Highbury’s IPO. Mr. Cameron has been a longtime business acquaintance of Stuart D. Bilton, Vice Chairman of AAAMHI, since the late 1980’s and over the course of the past 20 years has contacted Mr. Bilton from time to time in Mr. Cameron’s role with Berkshire Capital to discuss business strategies or suggest particular business combinations for consideration by AAAMHI or its predecessor, Alleghany Asset Management, Inc.
In 1988 and 1991, Berkshire Capital was retained by Chicago Title & Trust Co., or CT&T, a wholly owned subsidiary of Alleghany Corporation, to assist CT&T on acquisition and disposition assignments, none of which resulted in a completed transaction. In 1994, Berkshire Capital represented Montag & Caldwell in its sale to CT&T, and in 1998 assisted CT&T in connection with another acquisition that did not go forward. In 2000, Berkshire Capital was retained by Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. to assist in acquisitions and divestitures, but no transactions were consummated. After ABN AMRO acquired Alleghany Asset Management, Inc., Mr. Bilton retained Berkshire Capital on a valuation assignment in 2002, and in 2004 Berkshire Capital assisted ABN AMRO in the sale of its 401(k) business.
From 1995 through early 2006, Berkshire Capital and its executives had regular communications with Mr. Bilton in connection with potential mergers and acquisitions, and in 2003 and 2005 representatives of Berkshire Capital and ABN AMRO, including Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Bilton, participated on panels together in industry conferences. None of these communications related to Highbury in any respect.
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In the spring of 2005, AAAMHI retained UBS Securities, LLC, or UBS, to conduct a competitive auction sale process for the acquired business. In the fall of 2005 Mr. Cameron, in his role as President of Berkshire Capital, advised a publicly traded investment management company in its evaluation of the acquired business for a potential acquisition. That company executed a confidentiality agreement with ABN AMRO, conducted an initial due diligence review and made a bid for the acquired business, but at no time was there a binding or non-binding agreement between it and ABN AMRO regarding the price or terms of a business combination. The Berkshire Capital client decided not to pursue the acquisition based on a perceived difference in investment philosophies between the two organizations. In January 2006, Mr. Cameron, in his role as President of Berkshire Capital, referred this potential acquisition opportunity on an unidentified basis to two additional potential buyers. Mr. Cameron spoke to UBS about both parties but neither was willing to pursue the business, in one case because of an uncertainty about funding the acquisition and in the other case because the organization was not interested in adding sub-advised funds to its existing family of funds. In 2005 and the early part of 2006, principals of Berkshire Capital, in their capacity as such, communicated sporadically with ABN AMRO and UBS via email in connection with the potential acquisition by Berkshire Capital’s clients of the acquired business.
Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Forth, in their capacity as employees of Berkshire Capital, were aware that the acquired business had been for sale prior to the completion of our IPO because Berkshire Capital was advising potential purchasers of the acquired business who eventually decided not to pursue the acquisition. Neither we nor any of our officers or directors or affiliates identified or considered the acquired business as a target of Highbury, contacted any person on Highbury’s behalf, or engaged in any discussion regarding Highbury’s acquisition of the acquired business prior to the consummation of our IPO.
Mr. Cameron called Mr. Bilton on February 6, 2006 to propose a visit to discuss AAAMHI’s interest in divesting any of its investment management affiliates, including the acquired business or any other affiliates. Mr. Cameron and Mr. Foote met with Mr. Bilton in Chicago on February 16, 2006 to discuss Highbury’s interest in potential acquisitions. At this meeting, Mr. Bilton indicated that the acquired business continued to be represented for sale by UBS and referred Highbury to Mr. Bradford Hearsh, a Managing Director of UBS. Mr. Bilton indicated that other participants were active in the competitive auction sale process and one in particular was far ahead of Highbury in the process. Mr. Bilton also indicated that AAAMHI was not interested in divesting any of its other investment management businesses.
Messrs. Cameron and Foote contacted Mr. Hearsh of UBS telephonically on February 22, 2006 to determine if Highbury could participate in the competitive auction sale process. Mr. Hearsh advised them that the Sellers were in advanced discussions with several parties, including a large domestic financial services company that had begun to negotiate definitive transaction documents and had made substantial progress in its business, legal and financial due diligence investigations. Nonetheless, Mr. Hearsh indicated that Highbury would be permitted to evaluate the opportunity, subject to the approval of the Sellers. The Sellers and Highbury entered into a confidentiality agreement effective as of February 26, 2006 and on March 1, 2006, UBS provided Highbury with an initial information package including business and financial information as of December 31, 2005. Based on ongoing discussions with UBS and the information received on March 1, 2006, Highbury assessed the value of the target and presented a preliminary letter of intent for the acquisition of the acquired business to UBS on March 2, 2006. The letter of intent included a purchase price of $40.0 million and, consistent with indications of interest Highbury delivered to other targets, was non-binding on either party, with the exception of certain proposed confidentiality and exclusivity provisions. The valuation of $40.0 million was based upon our analysis of the revenue run rate of the target as of December 31, 2005 as described in the UBS materials as well as Highbury’s estimates of the profitability of the business on a projected basis. The indication of interest included a provision, for the benefit of the Sellers, that consummation of a transaction by Highbury would not be contingent upon the hiring of any of the employees of the business.
UBS responded orally with concerns about the structure and the amount of consideration to be delivered. UBS and the Sellers also provided Highbury with updated financial information as of February 28, 2006. The parties continued negotiations and were able to reach an agreement on a non-binding letter of intent that was executed on March 8, 2006 and included a purchase price of $41.5 million, subject to a contingent adjustment. In
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making this proposal, Highbury anticipated that it would give the key employees of the acquired business a right to participate in the revenues of Aston. Highbury believes its proposal was attractive to the Sellers because (i) Highbury intended to retain the advisers and sub-advisers to the funds as sub-advisers following the acquisition, (ii) Highbury would not merge the funds into other funds, (iii) Highbury intended to retain a majority of the acquired business’ employees, and (iv) Highbury was a flexible solution to an almost year-long sale process. Highbury believes its intention to retain the current advisers and sub-advisers to the Funds was attractive to the Sellers because (i) it ensured that each Fund’s investment philosophy and process, chosen by the Funds’ current shareholders, remained in place, thereby increasing the likelihood of shareholder and trustee approval of the acquisition and thus the certainty of the closing of the transaction and (ii) it would provide ongoing revenue to the Sellers following the acquisition through their roles as sub-advisers to certain of the Funds. The letter of intent provided Highbury a 15-day exclusivity period to conduct due diligence and negotiate definitive transaction documents, with an exception to the exclusivity provision to permit the Sellers to continue to negotiate with the large domestic financial services company that continued to participate in the competitive sale process.
On March 9, 2006, Highbury’s executive officers and its legal and accounting advisers assembled in Chicago for a series of meetings with the management team of the acquired business and began a detailed review of the due diligence materials the Sellers had prepared and compiled in connection with the ongoing competitive auction sale process. These due diligence efforts continued, both in the data room provided by the Sellers’ legal counsel in Chicago and through the delivery of additional information to Highbury and its legal and accounting advisers for the remainder of March and the beginning of April. Numerous telephone conversations were held between Highbury and the Sellers and their advisers over the same period. In addition, there were frequent communications among Highbury, UBS and the Sellers, including emails regarding negotiations between Highbury and the Sellers or the manager of the acquired business, due diligence items and requests, various transaction documents, updates on the performance of the acquired business provided by the Sellers, including fund flow, redemption and subscription reports, financial statements relating to the Sellers and comments relating to draft regulatory filings. The members of management have no other relationship with the Sellers other than as disclosed in this proxy statement.
On March 9, 2006, Highbury received the first draft of the asset purchase agreement from the Sellers, which resulted in additional discussions and negotiations of various aspects of the proposed business combination. Succeeding drafts of the transaction documents were prepared in response to comments and suggestions of the parties and their counsel, with management and counsel for both companies engaging in numerous telephonic conferences and negotiating sessions. Included in the various transaction documents were the asset purchase agreement, a transition services agreement, four side letter agreements with the investment advisers of the mutual funds and with respect to the Target Click funds and restrictive covenant agreements for eight employees of the business. Target Click funds are a family of principal-protected funds under development by ABN AMRO.
The details of the acquisition consideration were refined during the course of due diligence and discussions and negotiations regarding the letter of intent and the various transaction documents. The definitive terms and conditions of the transaction are set forth in the agreements described in this proxy statement and included as exhibits hereto. The final consideration was determined to be $38.6 million, payable in cash at the closing of the transaction. In the investment management industry, a key measure of value is the revenue run rate of an acquired business. The revenue run rate is determined at a specific point in time by multiplying the amount of assets being managed by the investment adviser and by the fee rate that the adviser is paid for its management of such assets. Highbury believes that the estimated revenue run rate at the time of acquisition is a more relevant measure of the value of an acquired business than the historical revenues of such business. The reduction in the purchase price resulted from a correction to the revenue run rate of the acquired business as of December 31, 2005 and a 3.1% drop in revenue run rate between December 30, 2005 and March 31, 2006. The assets to be acquired included all of the assets of the businesses necessary to operate the acquired business going forward, including $3.5 million of working capital to provide initial resources to operate the business. In addition to the cash payment at the closing of the transaction, there is a potential contingent adjustment calculated on the second
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anniversary of the closing to provide protection for both the buyer and the Sellers. If annualized net advisory fee revenue for the six months prior to the second anniversary exceeds $41.8 million, Highbury will make a payment to the Sellers equal to the difference between the advisory fee revenues for such period and $41.8 million, subject to a cap of $3.8 million. If annualized net advisory fee revenue for such period is less than $34.2 million, the Sellers will make a payment to Highbury equal to the difference between $34.2 million and the advisory fee revenues for such period, also subject to a cap of $3.8 million.
During the course of the negotiations leading to the letter of intent, and thereafter through the negotiations regarding the asset purchase agreement, the officers and directors of Highbury, together with their advisers, discussed a variety of valuation analyses of the acquired business. These analyses were supplemented by Capitalink in connection with the rendering of its fairness opinion which was provided to our board of directors in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement, subsequent to our board’s approval of the asset purchase agreement. For a description of management’s analyses, please see the section entitled “The Acquisition Proposal—Management Analyses.” For a description of Capitalink’s analyses, please see the information set forth in “The Acquisition Proposal - Fairness Opinion.”
At the initial meeting with Mr. Bilton on February 16, 2006, Messrs. Cameron and Foote asked Mr. Bilton if he and other members of senior management would be willing to remain with the acquired business. Mr. Bilton stated that management might remain with the acquired business but that it could not be a condition to Highbury’s acquisition of the acquired business because he did not want management to have any ability to exercise control over the Sellers or Highbury. Mr. Foote then outlined a hypothetical structure for a transaction which included revenue sharing between Highbury and members of management on a basis to be determined. Mr. Bilton requested that Mr. Foote provide him with a written summary of a transaction and revenue sharing structure typical in the investment management industry, and we subsequently prepared a written summary of such a structure and delivered it to Mr. Bilton on February 20, 2006. The written summary formed the basis for a prototype limited liability operating agreement for Aston prepared by Highbury’s legal counsel and delivered to Mr. Bilton on March 17, 2006. Subsequent to delivering the prototype operating agreement, Highbury modified some of its terms in order to satisfy certain of Highbury’s business and accounting requirements. On April 20, 2006, following finalization of all material deal terms between ABN AMRO and Highbury, Mr. Bilton requested a review of the operating agreement by independent legal counsel. Mr. Foote, Highbury’s legal counsel, management, and management’s legal counsel met on the afternoon of April 20, 2006 to negotiate certain provisions of the limited liability company agreement. Those negotiations were successfully concluded that evening and the operating agreement was executed by the Aston management members and Highbury.
During February, March and April 2006, Mr. Foote contacted our two other directors on numerous occasions both individually and jointly on telephonic conference calls to discuss the transaction, including its valuation, and, to a lesser extent, to discuss other alternative transactions available to Highbury, and to describe the status of negotiations. On March 28, 2006, Highbury’s board of directors held a meeting to discuss the proposed acquisition. Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Appel, constituting all of our directors, were present at the meeting. Also present telephonically was Mr. Forth, our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary. Prior to the meeting, copies of the most recent drafts of the significant transaction documents were delivered to the directors in connection with their consideration of the proposed business combination with the Sellers, including the asset purchase agreement and the limited liability company operating agreement. The directors had also been given copies of various due diligence materials and analyses prepared by Highbury and its advisers regarding the proposed business combination. Our board of directors then had considerable discussion concerning the acquisition. After considerable review and discussion, the asset purchase agreement and related documents were unanimously approved, subject to final negotiations and modifications.
The asset purchase agreement and related transaction documents were signed on April 20, 2006. On April 21, Highbury filed a Current Report on Form 8-K announcing the execution of the documents and discussing the terms of the agreements.
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Highbury intends to fund the closing payment from the cash in its trust account. Highbury does not intend to incur any debt or issue any shares of common stock or other dilutive securities as consideration for the acquisition. To the extent the acquisition is consummated and holders of Highbury’s common stock demand to convert their shares, there will be a corresponding reduction in the amount of funds available to us and, depending on the number of shares that are converted, we may draw down on our revolving credit facility.
Subsequent to the board’s approval of the acquisition in connection with our preparation of this proxy statement and the submission of the acquisition for approval by our stockholders, we retained Capitalink to render an opinion that the acquisition consideration is fair from a financial point of view to our stockholders, and to opine that the fair market value of the acquired business is at least 80% of our net assets.
Highbury’s Board of Directors’ Reasons for Approval of the Acquisition
Highbury’s board of directors’ approval of the transaction was determined by several factors. Highbury’s board of directors reviewed various industry and financial data and discussed certain valuation analyses and determined that the consideration to be paid to the Sellers was below the fair market value of the acquired business, the fair market value of the acquired business was equal to at least 80% of our net assets and that the acquisition was in the best interests of Highbury’s stockholders. The Highbury board of directors concluded that the asset purchase agreement with Aston and the Sellers and the transactions contemplated thereby are in the best interests of Highbury’s stockholders.
Highbury’s board of directors approved the asset purchase agreement without having determined the value of the acquired business or having conducted research of comparable companies and transactions. In approving the asset purchase agreement, the board relied upon the extensive experience of Messrs. Cameron and Foote in valuing investment management firms. Management did not, however, prepare a detailed valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time the asset purchase agreement was entered into. A reasonable investor could have concluded from Highbury’s IPO prospectus that the determination of a specific value of the fair market value of the Target Business to evaluate the fairness of the transaction and the satisfaction of the 80% test should have been made prior to the Company’s entering into the asset purchase agreement. When Highbury executed the asset purchase agreement, Highbury became bound to purchase the acquired business subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the asset purchase agreement.
Highbury conducted a due diligence review of the acquired business of the Sellers that included a legal analysis, an industry analysis, a description of the Sellers’ existing business model, and a review of financial projections prepared by the Aston management members in order to enable the board of directors to ascertain the reasonableness of this consideration. During its negotiations with the Sellers, Highbury benefited from advice from Berkshire Capital and TEP, but did not retain any other financial adviser because its officers believe that their experience and backgrounds were sufficient to enable them to make the necessary analyses and determinations. See the section entitled “Directors and Executive Officers of Highbury Following the Acquisition.” In connection with the preparation of this proxy statement, subsequent to Highbury’s board of directors’ approval of the asset purchase agreement, Highbury obtained a fairness opinion from Capitalink.
The Highbury board of directors considered a wide variety of factors in connection with its evaluation of the acquisition. In light of the complexity of those factors, the Highbury board of directors did not consider it practicable to, nor did it attempt to, quantify or otherwise assign relative weights to the specific factors it considered in reaching its decision. In addition, individual members of the Highbury board may have given different weight to different factors.
In considering the acquisition, the Highbury board of directors gave considerable weight to the following factors:
Experienced Management Team
The management team of the acquired business, which will continue to manage the business of Aston after the transaction, has considerable experience successfully growing and managing investment management
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businesses. Stuart Bilton and Kenneth Anderson founded the acquired business in 1993, as an affiliate of CT&T, a subsidiary of Alleghany Corporation, and have managed its growth since inception. Gerald Dillenburg joined the acquired business in 1996. Thus, Messrs. Bilton, Anderson and Dillenburg have managed the acquired business together for over ten years. In his former role as Executive Vice President of CT&T and President and Chief Executive Officer of Alleghany Asset Management, Inc., Mr. Bilton also acquired or assisted in financing the start-up of six investment management firms over ten years. These initiatives helped drive the growth of the investment business of Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. from Mr. Bilton’s arrival in 1986 until its sale to ABN AMRO in 2001.
Scalable Operating Platform
The acquired business generates revenue and pays distribution and sub-advisory fees to third parties that are based directly on the assets under management. Thus, revenues and the majority of expenses vary directly with increases or decreases in the total assets under management of the acquired business. The acquired business also incurs annual operating expenses for employee compensation, occupancy and other normal operating expenses that do not vary significantly with changes in the total assets under management. The Highbury board of directors believes this operating structure provides operating leverage to the acquired business, because if Aston increases its total assets under management, Aston will not experience corresponding increases in its fixed operating costs. This attribute may allow Aston to grow its revenues faster than its costs. For example, for the first quarter of 2006, after adjustment for the contractual terms of the transaction, the variable costs of the acquired business related to assets under management were 53% of revenues and fixed costs were 19% of revenues.
Furthermore, because the largest component of the acquired business’ expense structure (distribution and sub-advisory fees) is directly linked to total assets under management, these expenses will decrease if total assets under management decline. This variable cost structure will permit Aston to be profitable at lower levels of revenue than if this expense component were fixed.
Extensive Distribution Network
As of March 31, 2006, the acquired business employed 18 mutual fund wholesalers, along with additional internal marketing support personnel to promote and distribute the Target Funds to institutional, and to a limited extent, retail investors nationwide. In addition, the acquired business has entered into nearly 400 selling agreements with third parties that provide such firms with compensation for generating new asset flows to the Target Funds. Highbury management advised the board of directors, based on its considerable experience in the investment management industry, that the distribution capabilities of the acquired business are attractive in that the strong relationships established over the past ten years with third-party platforms and intermediaries allow the business to leverage its nationwide sales force for the development of new business.
Diversified Sources of Revenue
The acquired business generates revenues equal to a percentage of assets under management in the Target Funds, which are comprised of 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds. The Target Funds and, hence the revenue of the acquired business, are diversified across investment styles. Because each of these mutual funds is managed with a unique investment style and/or process, the Highbury board of directors believes this diversified portfolio of mutual funds provides investors with a range of investment options, and that this variety of investing styles will continue to attract investors under changing market environments and investor preferences. Nevertheless, the largest fund, ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund accounted for approximately 40% at March 31, 2006 of the assets under management and the large capitalization growth style of equity investing accounted for approximately 58% at March 31, 2006 of assets under management.
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Multiple, Diversified Investment Processes
The acquired business initially will employ nine third-party investment advisers to perform the security research and portfolio management functions for the 19 Target Funds. Each of these sub-advisers employs a different investment philosophy and process for selecting securities to be included in the funds. Although five sub-advisers affiliated with the Sellers, including Montag, ABN, Veredus, TAMRO and River Road, have agreed to limited non-competition provisions for the benefit of Aston, neither they nor the other sub-advisers will be employed exclusively by Aston. As of March 31, 2006, Morningstar Inc., a provider of independent investment research in the United States, categorized the 15 equity mutual funds into seven different Morningstar style boxes. Style boxes categorize funds based upon investment style (growth, value, blend) and market capitalization (large, middle and small). The Highbury board of directors believes the diversification of the Target Funds across different investment sub-advisers and investment styles protects the acquired business from problems at any specific third-party investment manager or if one or more investment styles, as categorized by Morningstar, falls out of favor with investors. Nevertheless, the largest fund, ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund accounted for approximately 40% at March 31, 2006 of the assets under management and the large capitalization growth style of equity investing accounted for approximately 58% at March 31, 2006 of assets under management.
Price and Terms
The Highbury board of directors determined, based on the financial skills and background and experience of its members, that the price and terms of this transaction are fair to and in the best interest of Highbury and its stockholders. In addition, Highbury received an opinion from Capitalink that the acquisition consideration is fair to the stockholders of Highbury from a financial point of view in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement and submission of the acquisition proposal to Highbury’s stockholders for approval, subsequent to the board of director’s approval of the asset purchase agreement.
Satisfaction of 80% Test
As disclosed in the prospectus for Highbury’s IPO, it is a requirement that the initial business acquired by Highbury have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of Highbury’s net assets at the time of the acquisition, which assets include the offering proceeds held in the trust account. Our net assets at March 31, 2006 were $43.9 million. Based on the analysis of the acquired business generally used to approve the transaction, the Highbury board of directors determined that this requirement was met. One could construe the 80% requirement set forth in our initial public offering prospectus to mean that the value of the controlling interest of the business acquired must be greater than 80% of our net assets. If this were the case, the 80% requirement would only be met if the value of the Company’s manager membership interest in the acquired business were greater than 80% of the net assets of Highbury. However, even using this construction the 80% requirement has been satisfied for the acquisition.
Based on its experience in the financial services industry and the valuation analyses described below, management estimated the fair market value of the acquired business in its entirety and the value of Highbury’s manager membership interest in Aston to be in excess of the $38.6 million purchase price. Consequently, management also determined that the fair market value of the manager membership interest in Aston was in excess of $35.1 million, or 80% of Highbury’s net assets of approximately $43.9 million at March 31, 2006, ignoring the warrant and UPO liabilities accrued under EITF 00-19. Management did not prepare a valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time Highbury entered into the asset purchase agreement.
On May 31, 2006, prior to its unanimous decision to recommend approval of the transaction to Highbury’s shareholders, Highbury’s officers and directors determined that the fair market value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston was between approximately $70.0 million and approximately $96.0 million, consistent with the conclusions of the independent analysis prepared by Capitalink.
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Management did not prepare an independent analysis in connection with its determination of the fair market value of the manager membership interest in Aston. Instead, it reviewed the discounted cash flow analysis, the comparable company analysis, comparable transaction analysis, and 80% test analysis conducted by Capitalink and determined, based on its extensive industry experience, that the fair market value range of $70.0 million to $96.0 million was based on reasonable assumptions for growth, discount rates and terminal values, an appropriate group of comparable public companies, and relevant comparable transaction data. Management of Highbury was qualified to make these judgments based on its extensive transaction experience in the industry and the fact that it has performed numerous analyses similar to those described in “The Acquisition Proposal—Fairness Opinion.” Therefore, although the independent analysis of Capitalink was an important factor in the board’s decision to recommend this transaction to the shareholders of Highbury, the board intends for the shareholders to rely on its determination of value of the manager membership interest in Aston in considering whether to vote to approve the transaction.
As described more fully in “The Acquisition Proposal – Fairness Opinion”, Capitalink derived the value of Aston using three different approaches. The lowest end of all of these three ranges of value was $92.6 million. Sixty-five percent of this lowest value is $60.2 million, which is more than 80% of Highbury’s net assets at the time the asset purchase agreement was entered into. In addition, Capitalink derived the value of Highbury’s 65% interest in Aston using six different approaches. The lowest end of all of these six ranges of value was $61.7 million, also more than 80% of Highbury’s net assets.
Notwithstanding the use of analyses prepared by an independent party, management of Highbury accepts full responsibility for the accuracy of its determination of value of the manager membership interest in Aston of $70.0 million to $96.0 million and, as a result of its review of Capitalink’s assumptions and analyses for reasonableness, management intends for shareholders to rely on its determination of value of the manager membership interest in Aston when recommending approval of the transaction to the shareholders of Highbury.
As a result, management and the board of directors determined the 80% test was met. The Highbury board of directors believes that because of the financial skills and background of its members and Highbury’s officers, it was qualified to conclude that the acquisition of the acquired business of the Sellers met this requirement and consequently did not request or receive a fairness opinion or additional confirmation that the 80% test had been met until after it approved the asset purchase agreement with the Sellers. See “Executive Officers of Highbury Following the Acquisition” for a description of the experience of our management in the financial services industry. The board also determined that the consideration being paid in the acquisition, which amount was negotiated at arm’s-length, was fair to and in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders.
Highbury has also received an opinion from Capitalink in connection with the Board’s decision to recommend the transaction for shareholder approval that the fair market value of the acquired business as of May 31, 2006 was between approximately $104.0 million and approximately $131.0 million, that the 80% test has been met and that the acquisition is fair to the stockholders of Highbury from a financial point of view.
Highbury believes that its proposal for the acquisition of the acquired business (including the purchase price) was attractive to the Sellers because (i) Highbury intended to retain the advisers and sub-advisers to the funds, including those affiliated with the Sellers, as sub-advisers following the acquisition, (ii) Highbury would not merge the funds into other funds, (iii) Highbury intended to retain a majority of the acquired business’ employees, and (iv) Highbury was a flexible solution to an almost year-long sale process. Highbury also believes that because of the influence of management of the target business in the sale process, and such management’s affinity for a transaction with Highbury, that Highbury’s offer was viewed more favorably.
Although Highbury believes these factors were important to the Sellers, Highbury does not believe that these factors affect the determination of the fair market value of the business. In addition, the listed factors are unique to the transaction and would not be considered in determining the fair market value of an asset. Consequently, these factors made Highbury’s bid for the acquired business more attractive, enabling Highbury to negotiate a price less than the fair market value of the acquired business.
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Highbury’s Strategy
The consummation of this transaction will enable Highbury to establish itself as an investment management holding company for which Aston will serve as the initial platform for internal growth and add-on acquisitions. The Highbury board of directors intends to pursue additional acquisition opportunities and to seek to establish other accretive partnerships with high quality investment management firms over time.
Declining Assets Under Management
The acquired business’ assets under management declined steadily in 2005 and the first three quarters of 2006 after reaching a high point in 2004. As of October 24, 2006 assets under management for the 19 mutual funds totaled $5.5 billion. On April 20, 2006, the date the asset purchase agreement was entered into, the Target Funds had $6.1 billion of client assets under management. The largest amount of client assets under management of the acquired business at the end of any calendar quarter was $7.3 billionat the end of the second quarter of2004. Assets under management have continued to decrease as a result of net asset outflows and market fluctuations in the funds. Future net outflows and declines in the prices of securities would result in further decreases in assets under management. Highbury believes that the net asset outflows have resulted in part from the fact that the acquired business’ assets under management are heavily invested in growth stocks. In recent years, growth style investments have been out of favor relative to value style investments in the investment marketplace. Consequently, many clients have redeemed investments in growth-oriented mutual funds in favor of value-oriented mutual funds. An additional factor contributing to the net asset outflows is the acquired business’ mutual funds’ poor investment results in comparison with their peers over recent time periods, despite excellent long-term track records.
Recent Financial Losses
The net income of the acquired business after adjusting for non-cash charges did not grow between 2003 and 2005. The acquired business recorded a net loss of approximately $23.6 million in 2005, largely as a result of significant charges for goodwill impairment ($13.3 million) and intangible asset impairment ($10.4 million). These charges were necessary to reduce the carrying value of the goodwill and intangible assets on the balance sheet of the acquired business from historical levels. Since these charges were non-cash in nature and because Highbury will establish new goodwill and intangible assets upon consummation of the transaction, the Highbury board of directors does not believe the loss in 2005 is reflective of the results of the business going forward. Furthermore, the pre-transaction fee sharing arrangements between the acquired business and the investment advisers are less favorable to the acquired business than the agreements to be put in place at the close of the transaction. As a result the board of directors expects the acquired business to be more profitable after the transaction.
The table below illustrates the financial impact, in aggregate, of the changes in the fee sharing arrangements between the acquired business and affiliates of the Sellers.
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Historical sub-advisory fees paid to affiliates | | $ | 12,217,056 | | $ | 17,530,424 | | $ | 31,976,793 |
New contractual sub-advisory fees with affiliates | | | 7,719,711 | | | 9,079,862 | | | 17,894,226 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Difference | | $ | 4,497,345 | | $ | 8,450,562 | | $ | 14,082,567 |
The difference represents the additional revenue that the acquired business would have retained on an adjusted basis had the acquisition been consummated on January 1, 2005 or on January 1, 2006, as appropriate. This amount had historically been distributed to the affiliates of the Sellers that provided advisory services to the acquired business. The changes to the fee-sharing arrangements are further described in footnote (b) to the Supplemental Financial Information and in the section entitled “The Acquisition Proposal — Description of the Sub-advisory Agreements” on page78 of this proxy statement.
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As shown in the table above, for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 and for the year ended December 31, 2005, the acquired business would have retained an additional $4.5 million, $8.5 million and $14.1 million, respectively, under the fee-sharing agreements to be put in place at the close of the transaction.
Concentration in the Large-Capitalization Growth Style
Although the Target Funds are comprised of 19 funds, including four fixed income funds and 15 equity funds which Morningstar categorizes in seven of the nine equity style boxes, the assets under management of the acquired business are concentrated in the large-capitalization growth style. As of March 31, 2006, approximately 58% of the assets under management were managed in the large-capitalization growth style, and the largest fund, the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund, accounted for approximately 40% of the acquired business’ assets under management. Although there is a large concentration of assets managed in the three large-capitalization growth style funds, the Highbury board of directors believes the other 12 equity funds and the four fixed income funds provide the acquired business with a diverse array of products. The Highbury board of directors believes these additional funds provide investment alternatives which may be attractive to investors in all market conditions. Over time, Highbury’s board of directors believes growth in these additional funds will reduce the acquired business’ dependence on the large-capitalization growth style, although there can be no assurance that this will occur.
Recent poor relative performance of the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund
As of March 31, 2006, the ABN AMRO Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund represented approximately 40% of the acquired business’ total assets under management. For the one-year and three-year periods ending March 31, 2006, the fund generated returns in the 83rd and 94th percentiles, respectively, compared to its peer group, as defined and reported by Morningstar. As a result of this investment performance, the fund has experienced net asset outflows in 2005 and in the first quarter of 2006. The Highbury board of directors understands that continued net asset outflows from this fund could reduce the revenue-generating capability of the acquired business in the near term. However, the Highbury board of directors recognizes that the fund has a strong 10-year track record and according to Morningstar has outperformed 72% of its peer group over this time.
The investment adviser to the fund, Montag & Caldwell, has employed the same investment philosophy and process used in this fund to other portfolios successfully for more than 50 years. The Highbury board of directors has not identified any changes at Montag & Caldwell, such as a change in investment philosophy, process, employees or otherwise, that coincided with the timing of the recent poor performance of the fund.
Risk of Client Contract Termination
Under the Investment Company Act, mutual fund investment management agreements must provide for an automatic termination of the agreement in the event of an assignment of the agreement. Further, under the Investment Advisers Act, a client’s investment management agreement may not be “assigned” by the investment adviser without the client’s consent. Highbury’s purchase of the acquired business will automatically terminate the acquired business’ investment management agreements with its clients, unless its managed account clients consent and, in the case of fund clients, the funds’ board of trustees and stockholders vote to continue the agreements. Highbury’s board of directors discussed the risk that Highbury and the acquired business receive the required approvals to continue to manage the Target Funds. The board of directors ultimately determined that Highbury and the acquired business would likely get the required approvals because: (i) Highbury intended to retain the advisers and sub-advisers to the funds as sub-advisers following the acquisition, (ii) Highbury did not intend to merge the funds into other funds, and (iii) Highbury intended to retain a majority of the acquired business’ employees. Since investors are unlikely to experience any significant changes in the management or administration of their investments in the Target Funds, Highbury’s board of directors determined that Highbury and the acquired business were likely to receive the required trustee and shareholder approvals. At no time, however, did Highbury receive any assurance that Aston would retain the management contracts for the Target Funds. The consummation of the acquisition is conditioned upon approval by the boards of directors and
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stockholders of the Target Funds of the new investment advisory agreements with Aston and new sub-advisory agreements with respect to each Target Fund. Subsequent to the Highbury board of directors’ decision to approve the transaction, the trustees of the Target Funds voted to approve the acquisition on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained.
Management Analyses
In their oral presentations on March 28, 2006 to the Highbury board of directors with respect to the acquisition proposal, Highbury’s executive officers analyzed the price and terms of the acquisition relative to prices and terms generally utilized or observed in the investment management industry. Highbury’s executive officers based their analyses on their experience advising on mergers and acquisitions of mutual fund investment managers and their general knowledge of the industry, and not on a review of specific prices or terms of any kind. They also based their analyses on information provided to them by the Sellers and its management, including information reviewed by Highbury in its due diligence investigations of the acquired business prior to execution of the asset purchase agreement. While the Highbury management received the informal advice of Berkshire Capital in connection with its assessment of the acquisition, it relied on its own background and extensive experience in the investment advisory industry to evaluate the fairness of the transaction, determine if the acquisition satisfied the 80% test described above, and to recommend the acquisition to our board of directors.
Our initial public offering prospectus states that our board of directors will determine the fair market value of a target business. At the time our board of directors approved the asset purchase agreement, management did not determine the fair market value of the acquired business nor did they compare the acquired business to specific comparable companies, or the transaction to specific comparable transactions. At the time the board of directors determined that it would recommend the acquisition to its stockholders on May 31, 2006, the board of directors determined a fair market value of the acquired business based on their additional due diligence investigation, the executed Aston limited liability company agreement, their review of the audited financial statements of the acquired business provided subsequent to the execution of the asset purchase agreement and their review of the Capitalink opinion (as discussed elsewhere in this Proxy Statement).
Transaction Approach
Our executive officers compared the financial terms of the proposed acquisition to terms of which they were generally aware for transactions in the mutual fund investment management industry although they did not review the specific transaction terms of any specific acquisitions. Our executive officers analyzed two scenarios of assets under management for the acquired business: one based on a business with $6 billion of assets under management and the other based on assets under management of $4 billion, as a downside case.
| • | | Our executive officers assumed the acquired business will receive fees of 0.70% on a weighted average basis, on total assets under management. |
| • | | Because Highbury will receive quarterly distributions equal to 18.2% of the acquired business’ total revenue, as provided in Aston’s limited liability company agreement, based on the assumptions noted above, they determined that Highbury’s expected annual distribution from the acquired business, before taxes, would be $7.6 million if total assets under management were $6 billion, and $5.1 million if total assets under management were $4 billion. Under the Aston limited liability company agreement, the first 18.2 cents of each dollar of revenue is allocated to Highbury, the next 72 cents are allocated to operating expenses and the last 9.8 cents are allocated to the management members of Aston. Highbury and the management members believe that 72% of revenue is sufficient to cover operating expenses principally because most of the operating expenses, such as sub-advisory fees and compensation, are variable. As revenues increase, these variable expenses will increase and as revenues decrease these variable expenses will decrease. This provides a high degree of certainty that expenses will not exceed 72% of revenues. In the unlikely event that |
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| expenses exceed 72% of revenues, but remain below 81.8% of revenues, Highbury’s 18.2% revenue interest would remain unimpaired because the additional expenses would first reduce the 9.8% revenue interest of the management members. Nevertheless, based on historical data, at higher levels of assets under management, Aston would not have been able to pay 18.2% of its revenues to Highbury. |
The sub-advisory fees to be paid after the closing of the acquisition to the Seller affiliated sub-advisers are substantially less than such fees prior to the closing of the acquisition. Such fees are based on the revenues generated by the acquired business. The calculations of the $7.6 million of distributions to Highbury at $6 billion of assets under management and $5.1 billion of distributions to Highbury at $4 billion of assets under management are dependent in large part upon the new sub- advisory fees. If the new subadvisory fees had been in place throughout 2005, the distribution and sub-advisory costs of the Target Business would have been reduced from approximately 83% of total revenue to approximately 52% of total revenue. See the section entitled “Supplemental Financial Information.” If the distribution and sub-advisory costs were not so reduced, then using the revenue assumptions outlined above at $6 billion and $4 billion of assets under management, and the actual compensation and related expenses and other operating costs incurred in 2005, there would have been insufficient funds to make any distribution to Highbury in either case. However, using the revenue assumptions outlined above at $6 billion and $4 billion of assets under management, distribution and sub-advisory costs equal to approximately 52% of total revenue and the compensation and related expenses and other operating costs expected after the transaction, Aston’s total costs would be sufficiently low to permit it to make the distributions of $7.6 million and $5.1 million to Highbury.
| • | | Our executive officers calculated that the $38.6 million purchase price was equal to 5.0 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $6 billion and 7.6 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $4 billion. Based on the acquired business’ historical operating results, the purchase price of $38.6 million substantially exceeds both 5.0 times and 7.6 times its annual income before taxes. Highbury believes that the profitability of the acquired business will increase upon the consummation of the acquisition as a result of changes in the sub-advisory fees and employee compensation expenses and other contractual adjustments. Management’s analyses are based on the profitability of the acquired business on an adjusted basis, assuming the acquisition had been consummated on March 28, 2006. Had management compared the purchase price to the pre-tax income of the acquired business in recent history prior to any contractual adjustments, the acquisition multiple would have been substantially higher. Based on their experience advising on mergers and acquisitions of mutual fund investment managers and their general knowledge of the industry, and not on a review of any specific acquisitions, our executive officers have experience that acquisitions of mutual fund investment managers are generally priced at more than 10.0 times a target company’s annual income before taxes. Management does not believe it is appropriate to use the 10.0 times reference multiple for all mutual fund investment management transactions regardless of company specific factors such as size, rate of growth, investment performance and quality of management. The 10.0 times reference multiple is not an industry standard. However, our executive officers, based on their extensive industry experience, are generally aware of several hundred mutual fund investment management transactions over the past 25 years, and they believe that there are approximately twice as many transactions with available meaningful pre-tax multiples above the 10.0 times reference multiple as transactions below the 10.0 times reference multiple. In their decision to evaluate this transaction based on a reference multiple of 10.0 times annual income before taxes, our executive officers did not review the specific transaction terms of any individual mutual fund acquisitions. Rather, our executive officers relied exclusively on their extensive knowledge and experience in the industry to conclude that the reference multiple was appropriate. If our executive officers had selected a different reference multiple, their conclusions may have been different than those presented here. |
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Accordingly, Highbury’s effective purchase price multiple is below the purchase price multiples Highbury’s executive officers determined, based on their industry experience, are appropriate for acquisitions of mutual fund investment management firms, and on this basis our board determined that the acquisition is fair to our stockholders.
Public Company Approach
Without reference to any specific public companies, Highbury’s executive officers also compared the financial terms of the proposed acquisition with general valuation levels of publicly traded investment management firms based only on management’s knowledge and recollection at the time.
| • | | Based on the same analysis presented in the foregoing summary, our executive officers determined that the $38.6 million purchase price was equal to 5.0 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $6 billion and 7.6 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $4 billion. Our executive officers determined that based on their long-term observations of general valuation levels that publicly traded investment management firms generally have a market value equal to more than 10.0 times their respective annual incomes before taxes. |
Highbury’s effective purchase price multiple was calculated to be either 5.0 times or 7.6 times the expected annual distributions before taxes, which is below the price multiples generally observed by Highbury’s executive officers historically for public investment management firms.
Return on Invested Capital Analysis
Highbury’s executive officers used a return on invested capital analysis to evaluate the financial terms of the transaction.
| • | | Based on the same analysis presented in the first summary, our executive officers determined that the $38.6 million purchase price was equal to 5.0 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $6 billion and 7.6 times the expected annual distributions before taxes if total assets under management were $4 billion. |
| • | | Assuming zero growth in the business, our executive officers determined that purchase prices equal to 5.0 times or 7.6 times expected annual distributions before taxes would generate 20.0% or 13.2% pre-tax returns on invested capital, respectively. |
| • | | Our executive officers then reviewed the historical market returns of equity securities of large capitalization companies as reported by Ibbotson and Associates, from 1926 through 2004, and determined that the average annual total return during the period was 11.2% and the standard deviation of the returns was 5.6%. The majority of the assets under management of the acquired business are equity securities of large capitalization companies. |
| • | | Our executive officers then assumed a range of potential future growth rates varying from -5.6% (three standard deviations below the average) and 28.0% (three standard deviations above the average). Applying the zero-growth return assumptions, the likely future annual returns on invested capital are in a range between 7.6% and 48.0%. |
Applying statistical tools, our executive officers have determined that the range of most likely future returns on invested capital for the acquired business is likely to exceed expected rate of return that the public securities markets presently ascribe to investments in publicly traded investment management firms.
Satisfaction of the 80% Test
Highbury’s executive officers also evaluated the transaction with respect to the 80% test. Under the terms of Highbury’s IPO, Highbury’s initial business combination must be consummated with a target whose fair market
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value is at least 80% of Highbury’s net asset value. As of March 31, 2006, Highbury’s net asset value was $43.9 million, 80% of which was $35.1 million. In the foregoing analysis of the proposed acquisition, our executive officers concluded that the purchase price for the acquired business was substantially below its fair market value based on acquisitions of mutual fund investment managers, current valuations of publicly traded investment management firms and a return on invested capital analysis. As such, Highbury’s executive officers advised the board that the fair market value of the acquired business was in excess of the purchase price and therefore greater than $35.1 million, and that the transaction satisfied the 80% test. Management did not prepare a valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time Highbury entered into the asset purchase agreement. One could construe the 80% requirement set forth in our initial public offering prospectus to mean that the value of the controlling interest of the business acquired must be greater than 80% of our net assets. If this were the case, the 80% requirement would only be met if the value of the Company’s manager membership interest in the acquired business were greater than 80% of the net assets of Highbury. However, even using this construction the 80% requirement has been satisfied for the acquisition.
Conclusions of Highbury’s Board of Directors
Before entering into the asset purchase agreement with respect to the transaction on April 20, 2006, Highbury’s board of directors evaluated the agreement and, in connection with the recommendation by Highbury’s executive officers, concluded that the contemplated transaction was fair to Highbury’s shareholders. Additionally, the Highbury board of directors determined that the transaction satisfied the 80% test, based on the recommendation of Highbury’s executive officers. These conclusions were subsequently confirmed by Capitalink, an independent financial adviser which provided its opinion that the acquisition consideration to be paid by Highbury was fair to Highbury stockholders from a financial point of view and that the transaction satisfied the 80% test. The opinion was provided to our board of directors in connection with the preparation of this proxy statement and submission of the acquisition proposal to Highbury’s stockholders for approval, subsequent to the board of director’s approval of the asset purchase agreement. In connection with its work, Capitalink provided a valuation analysis to the board of directors.
Interests of Highbury’s Directors and Officers and Other Proxy Participants in the Acquisition
In considering the recommendation of the board of directors of Highbury to vote for the proposals to approve the asset purchase agreement, the Article Fifth amendment and the adjournment proposal, you should be aware that certain members of the Highbury board have agreements or arrangements that provide them with interests in the acquisition that differ from, or are in addition to, those of Highbury stockholders generally. In particular:
| • | | if the acquisition is not approved and Highbury is unable to complete another business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, Highbury will be required to dissolve and liquidate. In such event, the 1,891,667 shares of common stock and 333,334 warrants issued for total consideration of $1,025,002 held by Highbury’s officers and directors and their affiliates would be worthless because Highbury’s initial stockholders are not entitled to receive any of the liquidation proceeds with respect to these shares. The Highbury Inside Stockholders have agreed, in connection with the IPO, to place the shares acquired prior to the IPO in escrow until January 31, 2009. In addition, the 166,667 units and shares and warrants comprising those units purchased by the Highbury Inside Stockholders in a private placement contemporaneously with the IPO may not be sold, assigned or transferred until after the successful completion of a business combination by Highbury. The securities held by our officers and directors had an aggregate market value of $11,128,086 based upon the last common stock sale price of $5.71 and warrant sale price of $0.98 on the OTCBB on October 24, 2006; |
| • | | Highbury’s officers and directors who acquired shares of Highbury common stock prior to Highbury’s initial public offering for a total consideration of $1,025,002 will benefit if the acquisition is approved. Additionally, in light of the amount of consideration paid by the Highbury |
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| Inside Stockholders they will likely benefit even if the acquisition causes the market price of Highbury’s securities to significantly decrease. This may influence their motivation for promoting the acquisition and/or soliciting proxies in favor of the acquisition proposal. |
| • | | after the completion of the acquisition, R. Bruce Cameron and Richard S. Foote will continue to serve as members of the board of directors of Highbury and they and R. Bradley Forth will continue to serve as our officers. If the director election proposal is approved, Russell L. Appel will continue to serve as a member of the board of directors of Highbury. As such, in the future they may receive cash compensation, board fees, stock options or stock awards if the Highbury board of directors so determines. Highbury currently has no intention to pay any compensation or fees to any of our officers or directors, although our board may elect to do so in the future; |
| • | | if Highbury is forced to dissolve and liquidate because it has not completed a business combination, Richard S. Foote our current President, Chief Executive Officer and Director and R. Bruce Cameron, our current Chairman of the Board, have each agreed to be personally liable for ensuring that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced by the claims of vendors for services rendered or products sold to us as well as claims of prospective target businesses for fees and expenses of third parties that we agree in writing to pay in connection with a business combination. This arrangement was entered into to ensure that, in the event of liquidation, the trust fund is not reduced by claims of creditors. Based on representations made to us by Richard Foote and R. Bruce Cameron, we currently believe they are capable of funding a shortfall in our trust account to satisfy their foreseeable indemnification obligations, but we have not asked them to reserve for such an eventuality. Despite our belief, we cannot assure you that they will be able to satisfy those obligations. Indemnification obligations may be substantially higher than they currently foresee or expect and/or their financial resources may deteriorate in the future. As a result, the steps outlined above may not effectively mitigate the risk of creditors’ claims reducing the amounts in the trust account. Moreover, under Delaware law, our stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties, contractual or otherwise, to the extent that we have not paid such claims and our stockholders have received liquidating distributions from us. Highbury is not aware of any claims that may result in a claim for indemnification with respect to any fees or expenses to be paid by Highbury. Highbury has obtained an agreement from each of its vendors waiving such vendor’s right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of the public stockholders; and |
| • | | the 166,667 units purchased by the Highbury Inside Stockholders in the private placement, and the shares and warrants comprising the units they purchased in the private placement are subject to a lock-up agreement until after the consummation of our initial business combination. The Highbury Inside Stockholders may therefore have personal and financial interests different from those of the public stockholders in that they cannot sell the securities issued in the private placement, for which they paid an aggregate $1,000,002 until we have completed an acquisition and the Highbury Inside Stockholders will lose their right to receive distributions from Highbury upon Highbury’s dissolution if Highbury fails to consummate a business combination. This may influence their motivation in completing an acquisition in a timely manner to secure the release of their securities. |
| • | | An aggregate payment of $673,333, plus accrued interest (net of taxes payable), will be paid to TEP and EBC, less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury common stock that is converted, upon the consummation of a business combination, as deferred compensation from the IPO. TEP and EBC may have financial interests different from the public stockholders due to this deferred compensation that is only payable upon consummation of a business combination. This may influence their motivation for promoting the acquisition and/or soliciting proxies in favor of the acquisition proposal. |
All contracts with third parties have included waivers of claims against the trust fund, with the exception of one confidentiality agreement related to one target. The exception for that confidentiality agreement was
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approved by our board due to the uniquely attractive nature of the target. Discussions with the target did not progress beyond the initial indication of interest stage. In addition, the exercise of our directors’ and officers’ discretion in agreeing to changes or waivers in the terms of the acquisition may result in a conflict of interest when determining whether such changes or waivers are appropriate and in our stockholders’ best interest.
Recommendation of Highbury’s Board of Directors
The Highbury board of directors has unanimously determined that the acquisition proposal is fair to and in the best interests of Highbury and its stockholders. The board of directors of Highbury has also determined that the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal are in the best interest of Highbury and its stockholders. Highbury’s board of directors has approved and declared advisable the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, the director election proposal and the adjournment proposal and unanimously recommends that you vote or give instructions to vote “FOR” each of the proposals to adopt the acquisition proposal, the Article Fifth amendment, to elect Russell L. Appel as Director and the adjournment proposal.
The following discussion of the information and factors considered by the Highbury board of directors is not meant to be exhaustive, but includes the material information and factors considered by the Highbury board of directors.
Fairness Opinion
In connection with the submission of the acquisition proposal to Highbury’s stockholders for approval, which is a condition to Highbury’s obligations under the asset purchase agreement, and after our board of directors approved the asset purchase agreement, our board of directors engaged Capitalink, L.C. to provide it with a fairness opinion as to whether (i) the acquisition consideration to be paid by Highbury is fair, from a financial point of view, to Highbury’s stockholders and (ii) the fair market value of the acquired business is at least equal to 80% of Highbury’s net assets. Capitalink, which was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Coral Gables, Florida, provides publicly and privately held businesses and emerging growth companies with a broad range of investment banking and advisory services. As part of its business, Capitalink regularly is engaged in the evaluation of businesses and their securities in connection with mergers, acquisitions, corporate restructurings, private placements, and for other purposes. We selected Capitalink on the basis of its reputation, experience, ability to provide the fairness opinion within the required timeframe and the competitiveness of its fee. Capitalink does not beneficially own any interest in either Highbury, the acquired business or the Sellers, and has never provided any of these companies with any other services and does not expect or contemplate any additional services or compensation.
We have paid Capitalink a non-contingent fee of $75,000 and will reimburse Capitalink for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. In addition, we have also agreed to indemnify Capitalink against certain liabilities that may arise out of the rendering of the opinion.
Capitalink’s opinion is addressed to our board for its use in connection with its determination to recommend the acquisition proposal to our stockholders for approval. The Capitalink opinion was not available to, or used by, our board in connection with its approval of the acquisition. The opinion does not constitute a recommendation to the stockholders of Highbury.
We entered into the asset purchase agreement on April 20, 2006. Capitalink made a presentation to our board of directors on May 26 and presented its analysis. On May 31, 2006, Capitalink met again with our board of directors and reaffirmed its analysis and subsequently delivered its written opinion to Highbury’s board of directors, which stated that, as of May 31, 2006, and based upon and subject to the assumptions made, matters considered and limitations on its review as set forth in the opinion, (i) the acquisition consideration is fair, from a financial point of view, to Highbury’s stockholders, and (ii) the fair market value of the acquired business is at
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least equal to 80% of Highbury’s net assets. The acquisition consideration for the acquired business was determined pursuant to negotiations between us and the Sellers and not pursuant to recommendations of Capitalink.
The full text of the written opinion of Capitalink is attached as Annex G and is incorporated by reference into this proxy statement. You are urged to read the Capitalink opinion carefully and in its entirety for a description of the assumptions made, matters considered, procedures followed and limitations on the review undertaken by Capitalink in rendering its opinion. The summary of the Capitalink opinion set forth in this proxy statement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the opinion. The Capitalink opinion is not intended to be and does not constitute a recommendation to you as to how you should vote or proceed with respect to the acquisition. Capitalink was not requested to opine as to, and the opinion does not in any manner address, the relative merits of the acquisition as compared to any alternative business strategy that might exist for us, our underlying business decision to proceed with or effect the acquisition and other alternatives to the acquisition that might exist for us. Capitalink has consented to the use of its opinion in this proxy statement.
In arriving at its opinion, Capitalink took into account an assessment of general economic, market and financial conditions, as well as its experience in connection with similar transactions and securities valuations generally. In so doing, among other things, Capitalink:
| • | | Reviewed the asset purchase agreement, the related side letters, and the Aston limited liability agreement. |
| • | | Reviewed publicly available financial information and other data with respect to Highbury, including its 424(b)(4) Prospectus filed January 26, 2006, the Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2005, the Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the period ended March 31, 2006, and the Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 21, 2006. |
| • | | Reviewed non-public information with respect to the acquired business, including the audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the unaudited financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2006, which are included elsewhere herein, and other information provided by Highbury, the Sellers and the acquired business management. |
| • | | Considered the historical financial results and current financial condition of the acquired business. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed the free cash flows of the acquired business and prepared a discounted cash flow analysis. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed certain financial characteristics of companies that were deemed to have characteristics comparable to the acquired business. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed certain financial characteristics of target companies in transactions where such target company was deemed to have characteristics comparable to that of the acquired business. |
| • | | Reviewed and compared the net asset value of Highbury to the indicated fair market value of the acquired business. |
| • | | Reviewed and discussed with representatives of Highbury and the acquired business’ management certain financial and operating information furnished, including financial analyses with respect to their respective business and operations. |
Capitalink also performed such other analyses and examinations as it deemed appropriate.
In arriving at its opinion, Capitalink relied upon and assumed the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was used by it without assuming any responsibility for any independent
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verification of any such information. Further, Capitalink relied upon the assurances of Highbury and the acquired business management that they were not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make any such information inaccurate or misleading. With respect to the financial information and projections utilized, Capitalink assumed that such information has been reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments, and that such information provides a reasonable basis upon which it could make an analysis and form an opinion. During the preparation of its opinion, Capitalink did not find any cause to doubt that the projections were reasonable based on current and past operations. The projections were solely used in connection with the rendering of Capitalink’s fairness opinion. Investors should not place reliance upon such projections, as they are not necessarily an indication of what our revenues and profit margins will be in the future. The projections used by Capitalink were prepared by the management of the acquired business and are not to be interpreted as projections of future performance, or guidance, by Highbury.
Capitalink did not make a physical inspection of the properties and facilities of the acquired business and did not make or obtain any evaluations or appraisals of the assets and liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of the acquired business. In addition, Capitalink did not attempt to confirm whether the Sellers had good title to the assets of the acquired business. Capitalink assumed that the acquisition will be consummated in a manner that complies in all respects with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all other applicable federal and state statutes, rules and regulations. Capitalink assumed that the acquisition will be consummated substantially in accordance with the terms set forth in the asset purchase agreement, the related side letters, and the Aston limited liability agreement, without any further amendments thereto, and that any amendments, revisions or waivers thereto will not be detrimental to the stockholders of Highbury.
Capitalink’s opinion is necessarily based upon market, economic and other conditions as they existed on, and could be evaluated as of, May 31, 2006. Accordingly, although subsequent developments may affect its opinion, Capitalink has not assumed any obligation to update, review or reaffirm its opinion. In connection with rendering its opinion, Capitalink performed certain financial, comparative and other analyses as summarized below. Each of the analyses conducted by Capitalink was carried out to provide a different perspective on the acquisition and to enhance the total mix of information available. Capitalink did not form a conclusion as to whether any individual analysis, considered in isolation, supported or failed to support an opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the acquisition consideration to Highbury’s stockholders. Further, the summary of Capitalink’s analyses described below is not a complete description of the analyses underlying Capitalink’s opinion. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process involving various determinations as to the most appropriate and relevant methods of financial analysis and the application of those methods to the particular circumstances and, therefore, a fairness opinion is not readily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description.
In arriving at its opinion, Capitalink made qualitative judgments as to the relevance of each analysis and factor that it considered. In addition, Capitalink may have given various analyses more or less weight than other analyses and may have deemed various assumptions more or less probable than other assumptions, so that the range of valuations resulting from any particular analysis described above should not be taken to be Capitalink’s view of the value of the acquired business’ assets. The estimates contained in Capitalink’s analyses and the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis are not necessarily indicative of actual values or actual future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by such analyses. In addition, analyses relating to the value of businesses or assets neither purports to be appraisals nor do they necessarily reflect the prices at which businesses or assets may actually be sold. Accordingly, Capitalink’s analyses and estimates are inherently subject to substantial uncertainty. Capitalink believes that its analyses must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of its analyses or the factors it considered, without considering all analyses and factors collectively, could create an incomplete and misleading view of the process underlying the analyses performed by Capitalink in connection with the preparation of its opinion.
The analyses performed were prepared solely as part of Capitalink’s analysis of (i) the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the acquisition consideration to our stockholders, and (ii) whether the fair market
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value of the acquired business is at least equal to 80% of Highbury’s net assets. The analyses were provided to our board of directors in connection with the delivery of Capitalink’s opinion. The opinion of Capitalink was just one of the many factors taken into account by our board of directors in making its determination to approve the acquisition, including those described elsewhere in this proxy statement.
Valuation Overview
Based upon a review of the historical financial data and certain other qualitative data for the acquired business, Capitalink utilized several valuation methodologies and analyses to determine ranges of values. Capitalink did not place any particular reliance or weight on any individual analysis, but instead concluded that the analyses, taken as a whole, supported its determination. Capitalink used the following methodologies in its analyses: a discounted cash flow analysis; a comparable companies analysis; a comparable transactions analysis; and a comparison of the net asset value of Highbury to the indicated fair market value of the acquired business.
In order to determine the value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston following the acquisition, Capitalink utilized two methods. The first methods values 100% of the cash flow stream of Aston and then determines the value of Highbury’s ownership share of that cash flow. The second method values Highbury’s preferred cash flow of 18.2% of Aston’s gross revenue. In determining the indicated value of Aston and Highbury’s membership interest in Aston, Capitalink also took into account the $3.5 million in working capital included in the purchased assets.
Under the terms of the Aston limited liability company agreement, Highbury’s portion of the Owners’ Allocation is the most senior obligation of Aston at all times. As such, Aston is required to make Highbury’s distributions before making any distributions to the Aston management member either from the Owners’ Allocation or the Operating Allocation. Under this structure, Highbury’s ownership stake has substantially less risk than traditional equity. As a result, Capitalink has concluded that Highbury’s membership interest should have a premium valuation relative to a similar equity stake without the same distribution priority. In the event that Aston is unable to distribute in full Highbury’s 18.2% share of the revenues of Aston, the Aston limited liability company agreement mandates that Highbury receive a note for the shortfall, which accrues interest at the JPMorgan Chase Bank U.S. Prime Rate. This note will have priority over all other distributions, other than Highbury’s portion of the Owners’ Allocation. Capitalink concluded that the risk profile of Highbury’s equity position was preferable to the risk profile of a traditional equity position without such a note provision. As such, Capitalink concluded that the premium valuation is applicable under this scenario, as well. Capitalink took this premium into account in its valuation of Aston for each of the methodologies described below.
Based on the above analyses and methods, and taking into account the working capital, Capitalink determined a range of indicated equity value for Aston following the acquisition of approximately $104.0 million to approximately $131.0 million and a range of indicated equity value for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston of approximately $70.0 million to approximately $96.0 million.
Capitalink noted that the indicated value range for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston is greater than the acquisition consideration of $38.6 million.
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
A discounted cash flow analysis estimates value based upon a company’s projected future free cash flow discounted at a rate reflecting risks inherent in its business and capital structure. Unlevered free cash flow represents the amount of cash generated and available for principal, interest and dividend payments after providing for ongoing business operations. Capitalink utilized forecasts provided by management of the acquired business. These forecasts did not include certain related party assets which may or may not be retained following the consummation of the business combination.
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For the first method, Capitalink utilized discount rates ranging from 14% to 16%. This was based on an estimated cost of equity of 14.7% (utilizing generally accepted industry practice to determine cost of equity, assuming an industry risk premium based on Aston’s industry sector and a size premium of 6.4% based on the relatively small size of Aston). Capitalink presented a range of terminal values at the end of the forecast period by applying a range of terminal exit multiples based on EBITDA as well as using long term perpetual growth rates. Terminal value refers to a valuation of the cash flows expected to be received subsequent to a point in time in which unique annual cash flows cannot be forecasted with reasonable accuracy. The terminal value can be calculated either based on the value of the business if liquidated or as an ongoing concern. For a business that has an indefinite life, like the acquired business, use of a terminal value minimizes the need to build cash flow projections for an interminable period into the future to assess its value. Utilizing terminal EBITDA multiples of between 9.0 times and 11.0 times, and long-term perpetual growth rates of between 7.5% and 8.5%, Capitalink calculated a range of indicated values for Aston of between approximately $106 million and approximately $145 million. For reference, the acquired business’ EBITDA increased 149% in 2004 relative to 2003 and declined 91% in 2005 relative to 2004. Capitalink noted, however, that the historical earnings volatility was due in part to the acquired business’ marginal level of profitability in these years. The perpetual growth rates are meant to estimate the long-term average growth rate of the acquired business and should not be construed as estimates of the expected growth rate in any given year. Capitalink calculated the indicated value range of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston by multiplying the Aston indicated range by 65% and applying a 2.5% premium (to account for Highbury’s preferred distribution of the owners’ allocation) to determine an indicated value range of between approximately $71.0 million and approximately $97.0 million.
In the second method, Capitalink utilized discount rates ranging from 10% to 12%. This was based on an estimated cost of equity of 10.7% (utilizing the same assumptions as for the first method, but also including a company specific reduction of 4% to take into account Highbury’s preferred cash flow rights). Capitalink presented a range of terminal values at the end of the forecast period by applying a range of terminal exit multiples based on EBITDA as well as using long-term perpetual growth rates. Utilizing terminal EBITDA multiples of between 9.0 and 11.0 times and long-term perpetual growth rates of between 7.5% and 8.5%, Capitalink calculated a range of indicated values of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston following the acquisition of between approximately $77.0 million and approximately $101.0 million.
Capitalink utilized the same range of terminal EBITDA multiples and long term perpetual growth rates for both the first and second method. These ranges were based on a review of trading and transaction multiples for other companies that operate in the same industry and have similar operations to Highbury and Aston, and a review of the historical growth rate of Aston’s assets under management and the general growth rate of the industry. See the sections entitled “Comparable Company Analysis” and “Comparable Transaction Analysis” below.
Capitalink then selected the high and the low ranges from the two methods to determine a total indicated value range for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston following the acquisition of between approximately $71.0 million and approximately $101.0 million.
Comparable Company Analysis
A selected comparable company analysis reviews the trading multiples of publicly traded companies that are similar to Aston following the acquisition with respect to business and revenue model, operating sector, size, and target customer base.
Capitalink located nine companies, or Comparable Companies, in the investment asset and fund management services sector that it deemed comparable to Aston following the acquisition. Capitalink selected the Comparable Companies from a universe of approximately 25 publicly-traded asset management firms. To arrive at the subset of Comparable Companies, Capitalink removed companies which were either too large or too small in terms of market capitalization, were located overseas or whose primary business did not involve
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providing investment management services to mutual funds. The resulting nine companies were deemed comparable to Aston because they were headquartered in the United States, within an appropriate size range relative to Aston and they had a primary focus of providing investment management services to mutual funds.
Capitalink included minority interest payments in the calculation of EBITDA, and excluded the value of minority interests in calculating net debt.
The nine Comparable Companies involved in the provision of investment asset and fund management services included Janus Capital Group Inc., Affiliated Managers Group Inc., Nuveen Investments Inc., Eaton Vance Corp., Waddell & Reed Financial Inc., GAMCO Investors, Inc., Cohen & Steers Inc., Hennessy Advisors, Inc. and Westwood Holdings Group Inc. Capitalink noted that most of the Comparable Companies provide the underlying investment process for their investment management products. In comparison, Aston will be responsible for establishing the investment objectives of the Target Funds, selecting sub-advisers, and overseeing consistency and compliance by the sub-advisers of investment objectives, but Aston will not provide the underlying investment process. Therefore, Aston will pay a higher level of third-party management fees than the Comparable Companies.
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The following table sets forth certain information about the comparable companies Capitalink reviewed in its analysis. EBITDA is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that represents earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. This measure is commonly used as a measurement for the profitability of a company.
Comparable Company Statistics
(as of May 19, 2006)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | EV/LTM EBITDA | | LTM Rev ($m) | | LTM EBITDA ($m) | | EBITDA Margin | | | LFY EBITDA Growth | |
Janus Capital Group | | 12.4x | | $ | 970.2 | | $ | 302.4 | | 31.2 | % | | 0.6 | % |
Affiliated Managers Group | | 15.6x | | | 992.9 | | | 267.4 | | 26.9 | % | | 39.5 | % |
Nuveen Investments | | 12.4x | | | 614.4 | | | 335.5 | | 54.6 | % | | 12.7 | % |
Eaton Vance Corp. | | 11.5x | | | 777.7 | | | 280.0 | | 36.0 | % | | 16.5 | % |
Waddell & Reed Financial | | 10.3x | | | 644.4 | | | 177.6 | | 27.6 | % | | -6.0 | % |
GAMCO Investors | | 15.0x | | | 251.4 | | | 78.7 | | 31.3 | % | | -10.3 | % |
Cohen & Steers | | 12.2x | | | 150.0 | | | 63.6 | | 42.4 | % | | 34.2 | % |
Hennessy Advisors | | 15.6x | | | 14.3 | | | 7.5 | | 52.1 | % | | 32.2 | % |
Westwood Holdings Group | | 9.8x | | | 23.4 | | | 9.6 | | 40.9 | % | | 13.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Median | | 12.4x | | | 614.4 | | | 177.6 | | 36.0 | % | | 13.1 | % |
Average | | 12.8x | | | 493.2 | | | 169.1 | | 38.1 | % | | 14.7 | % |
Acquired Business (Pro Forma) | | N/A | | | 45.7 | | | 12.8 | | 28.0 | % | | -18.2 | % |
Acquired Business (Actual) | | N/A | | | 48.9 | | | 0.0 | | 0.0 | % | | -99.4 | % |
The majority of the Comparable Companies are much larger than Aston and some provided other ancillary services including the provision of insurance products and other financial services. The EBITDA for the last 12 months, or LTM, for the Comparable Companies ranged from approximately $335.5 million to $7.5 million, compared to pro forma LTM EBITDA for the acquired business as of May 19, 2006 of $12.8 million. The LTM revenue for the Comparable Companies ranged from approximately $14.3 million to approximately $992.9 million, compared with pro forma 2005 revenue of approximately $45.7 million for the acquired business. Assets under management for the Comparable Companies ranged from $1.8 billion to $203.0 billion, compared with approximately $6.2 billion (as of December 31, 2005) for the acquired business.
The pro forma LTM EBITDA margin for the acquired business was 28.0%, which is lower than almost all of the Comparable Companies which ranged from 26.9% to 54.6%. This is primarily because the acquired business pays a higher level of third party management fees relative to the Comparable Companies. Capitalink noted that over the past year, the acquired business’ assets under management declined 13.6%. In comparison, only one of the Comparable Companies, GAMCO Investors, Inc., had a reduction in assets under management.
Multiples utilizing share price, market value and enterprise value were used in the analyses. Capitalink generated a number of multiples worth noting with respect to the Comparable Companies:
| • | | The enterprise value of LTM EBITDA multiple ranged from 9.8 times to 15.6 times, with a mean of 12.8 times. |
| • | | The enterprise value of 2006 EBITDA multiple ranged from 9.5 times to 13.0 times, with a mean of 11.0 times. |
| • | | The enterprise value of 2007 EBITDA multiple ranged from 8.2 times to 13.0 times, with a mean of 9.5 times. |
| • | | Capitalink also calculated the market value to LTM Cash Net Income for AMG to be 18.7 times. |
In order to determine the value of the Highbury’s membership interest in Aston, Capitalink utilized two methods with respect to the Comparable Companies analysis.
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Using the first method, Capitalink selected an appropriate multiple range for Aston by examining the range provided by the Comparable Companies and taking into account certain company-specific factors. Capitalink expects Aston to be valued below the average of the EBITDA multiples because of its historical and projected decline in assets under management, revenues and EBITDA, and small size.
Based on the above factors, Capitalink applied a selected multiple range to the acquired business’ 2006 and 2007 EBITDA of approximately $11.7 million and approximately $10.0 million, respectively, to determine a range of indicated values. Based on these multiple ranges, Capitalink calculated a range of indicated values for Aston of between approximately $92.6 million and approximately $109.2 million. Capitalink calculated the indicated value range of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston by multiplying the Aston indicated range by 65% and applying a 2.5% premium (to account for Highbury’s preferred distribution of the owners’ allocation) to determine an indicated value range of between approximately $61.7 million and approximately $72.8 million.
Using the second method, Capitalink selected an appropriate multiple range for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston by examining the range provided by the Comparable Companies and taking into account certain company-specific factors. Capitalink expects Highbury’s membership interest in Aston to be valued below the average of the EBITDA multiples because of its historical and projected decline in asset under management, revenues and EBITDA, and small size. However, the multiples will be slightly higher than the multiples used in the first method, due to Highbury’s preferential distribution of the owners’ allocation.
In determining the value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston, Capitalink also utilized a multiple of cash net income due to the unique organizational structure of Highbury. Cash net income is a measure of operating performance before non-cash expenses relating to the acquisition of interests in affiliated investment management firms and is calculated as net income plus amortization and deferred taxes related to intangible assets plus affiliate depreciation. Based on the above factors, Capitalink applied a selected multiple range to Highbury’s 2006 cash net income of approximately $5.5 million, and 2006 and 2007 EBITDA of approximately $7.3 million and approximately $6.7 million, respectively. Capitalink selected the multiple range of cash net income of between 16.0 times and 18.0 times, based on the market value to cash net income multiple of Affiliated Managers Group of 18.7 times, and taking into consideration Aston’s historical decline in revenues and EBITDA of approximately $7.3 million and approximately $6.7 million, respectively. Capitalink selected the multiple range of cash net income of between 16.0 times and 18.0 times, based on the market value to cash net income multiple of Affiliated Managers Group of 18.7 times, and taking into consideration Aston’s historical decline in revenues and EBITDA. Based on these multiple ranges, Capitalink determined an indicated value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston of between approximately $74.0 million and approximately $84.8 million.
Capitalink then selected the high and the low from both methods to determine a total indicated value range for Highbury’s investment in Aston following the acquisition of between approximately $61.7 million and approximately $84.8 million.
None of the Comparable Companies has characteristics identical to Aston or Highbury’s investment in Aston. An analysis of publicly traded comparable companies is not mathematical; rather it involves complex consideration and judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics of the Comparable Companies and other factors that could affect the public trading of the Comparable Companies.
Comparable Transaction Analysis
A comparable transaction analysis is based on a review of merger, acquisition and asset purchase transactions involving target companies that are in industries related to the acquired business. The comparable transaction analysis generally provides the widest range of value due to the varying importance of an acquisition to a buyer (i.e., a strategic buyer may be willing to pay more than a financial buyer) in addition to the potential differences in the transaction process (i.e., competitiveness among potential buyers).
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Information is typically not disclosed for transactions involving a private seller, even when the buyer is a public company, unless the acquisition is deemed to be material for the acquirer. As a result, the selected comparable transaction analysis is limited to transactions involving the acquisition of a public company, or substantially all of its assets, or the acquisition of a large private company, or substantially all of its assets, by a public company.
Capitalink located 22 Comparable Transactions announced since January 2001 and for which detailed financial information was available. Capitalink noted the following with respect to the multiples generated:
| • | | The enterprise value to LTM revenue multiple ranged from 1.64 times to 6.00 times, with a mean of 3.90 times. |
| • | | The enterprise value to LTM EBITDA multiple ranged from 5.1 times to 22.5 times, with a mean of 12.8 times. |
| • | | The enterprise value to assets under management percentage ranged from 0.25% to 5.75%, with a mean of 2.53%. |
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The following table sets forth certain information about the comparable transactions Capitalink reviewed in its analysis. The transactions are listed in reverse chronological order of announcement and include transactions since March 2001.
Comparable Transaction Statistics*
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Target | | Acquiror | | EV/LTM EBITDA | | Assets Under Mgmt ($m) | | LTM Rev ($m) | | LTM EBITDA ($m) | | EBITDA Margin | |
Merrill Lynch Invest. Mgrs | | BlackRock, Inc. | | NA | | $ | 185,200 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
PowerShares Capital Mgmt | | AMVESCAP PLC | | NA | | | 3,500 | | $ | 17.5 | | | NA | | NA | |
YMG Capital Mgmt. | | Fiera Capital Mgmt. | | 9.2x | | | 13,170 | | | 13.2 | | $ | 3.5 | | 26.6 | % |
Clarington Corp. | | Ind. Alliance Ins. & Fin Svcs | | 14.8x | | | 4,200 | | | 66.6 | | | 16.4 | | 24.6 | % |
Santa Barbara Asset Mgmt | | Nuveen Investments | | NA | | | 2,800 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
AmSouth Bancorp | | Pioneer Investment Mgmt. | | NA | | | 5,200 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
Wilson Bennett Capital Mgmt. | | Cardinal Financial Corp. | | NA | | | 227 | | | 1.4 | | | NA | | NA | |
First Asset Mgmt, Inc. | | Affiliated Managers Group | | NA | | | 24,700 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
The Henlopen Fund | | Hennessy Advisors, Inc. | | NA | | | 340 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
KBSH Capital Mgmt. | | Rockwater Capital Corp. | | 9.5x | | | 6,200 | | | NA | | | 8.8 | | NA | |
Strong Capital Mgmt. | | Wells Capital Mgmt. | | NA | | | 29,000 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
IPC Financial Network | | IGM Financial, Inc. | | 15.7x | | | 6,230 | | | 68.8 | | | 7.2 | | 10.4 | % |
Fixed Income Discount | | Annaly Mortgage Mgmt. | | NA | | | NA | | | 13.9 | | | NA | | NA | |
Lindner Asset Mgmt. | | Hennessy Advisors | | NA | | | 301 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
Parametric Portfolio Assoc. | | Eaton Vance Corp. | | NA | | | 9,330 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
MacKenzie Invest. Mgmt. | | Waddell & Reed Financial | | NA | | | 1,690 | | | 21.2 | | | -0.8 | | NA | |
NWQ Invest. Mgmt. | | Nuveen Investments | | 22.5x | | | 30,880 | | | 35.1 | | | 6.2 | | 17.8 | % |
Friess Associates | | Affiliated Managers Group | | 9.6x | | | 8,790 | | | 79.0 | | | 48.9 | | 61.9 | % |
Royce & Associates | | Legg Mason, Inc. | | 13.1x | | | 5,300 | | | NA | | | 16.4 | | NA | |
Symphony Asset Mgmt. | | Nuveen Investments | | 5.1x | | | 5,300 | | | 63.0 | | | 38.4 | | 61.6 | % |
Liberty Finan. (Asset Mgmt) | | Fleet Boston Financial | | 15.8x | | | 51,000 | | | 428.5 | | | 64.0 | | 14.9 | % |
Harbor Capital Advisors | | Robeco Group N.V. | | NA | | | 17,000 | | | NA | | | NA | | NA | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Median | | | | 13.1x | | | 17,885 | | | 73.5 | | | 20.9 | | 24.6 | % |
Average | | | | 12.8x | | | 5,300 | | | 35.1 | | | 12.6 | | 31.0 | % |
Acquired Business (pro forma) | | | | NA | | | 6,212 | | | 45.7 | | | 12.8 | | 28.0 | % |
Acquired Business (actual) | | | | NA | | | 6,212 | | | 48.9 | | | 0.0 | | 0.09 | % |
* | Information in the table above on Comparable Transaction Statistics listed as “NA,” is unavailable because many of the target companies included in the table were privately held before they were acquired. As a result, there is limited public disclosure of financial information, such as revenue and EBITDA, for these target companies. |
The EBITDA for the last 12 months, or LTM, for the Comparable Transactions ranged from approximately $-0.8 million to $64.0 million, compared to pro forma LTM EBITDA for the acquired business as of May 19, 2006 of $12.8 million. The LTM revenue for the Comparable Transactions ranged from approximately $13.2 million to $428.5 million, compared with pro forma 2005 revenue of approximately $45.7 million for the acquired business. Assets under management for the Comparable Transactions ranged from approximately $310 million to $185.2 billion, compared with approximately $6.2 billion (as of December 31, 2005) for the acquired business.
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The pro forma LTM EBITDA margin for the acquired business was 28.0%, which was in line with the median of the universe of the Comparable Transactions which ranged from 14.9% to 61.6%.
In order to determine the value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston, Capitalink utilized two methods with respect to the Comparable Transactions analysis.
Using the first method Capitalink selected an appropriate multiple range for Aston by examining the range provided by the Comparable Transactions and taking into account certain company-specific factors. Capitalink expects Aston to be valued below the average of the EBITDA multiples because of its historical and projected decline in assets under management, revenues and EBITDA, and small size. EBITDA is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that represents earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. This measure is commonly used as a measurement for the profitability of a company.
Based on the above factors, Capitalink applied a selected multiple range to Aston’s pro forma LTM EBITDA of between 8.0 times and 10.0 times to calculate a range of indicated values for Aston of between approximately $102.3 million and approximately $127.8 million.
Capitalink calculated the indicated value range of Highbury’s investment in Aston by multiplying the Aston indicated range by 65% and applying a 2.5% premium (to account for Highbury’s preferred revenue stream) to determine an indicated value range of between approximately $68.1 million and approximately $85.2 million.
Using the second method, Capitalink selected an appropriate multiple range for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston by examining the range provided by the Comparable Transactions and taking into account certain company-specific factors. Capitalink expects Highbury’s membership interest in Aston to be valued below the average of the EBITDA multiples because of its historical and projected decline in assets under management, revenues and EBITDA, and small size. However, the multiples will be slightly higher than for the first method, due to the higher value of Highbury’s preferential distribution of the owners’ allocation.
Based on the above factors, Capitalink applied a selected multiple range to Highbury’s pro forma 2005 EBITDA of between 9.0 times and 11.0 times to determine an indicated value of Highbury’s membership interest in Aston of between approximately $74.8 million and approximately $91.4 million.
Capitalink then selected the high and the low from both methods to determine a total indicated value range for Highbury’s membership interest in Aston following the acquisition of between approximately $68.1 million and approximately $91.4 million.
None of the target companies in the Comparable Transactions has characteristics identical to Aston. Accordingly, an analysis of comparable business combinations is not mathematical; rather it involves complex considerations and judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics of the target companies in the Comparable Transactions and other factors that could affect the respective acquisition values.
80% Test
Highbury’s initial business combination must be with a target business whose fair market value is at least equal to 80% of Highbury’s net assets at the time of such acquisition.
Capitalink reviewed and estimated Highbury’s net assets at the close of the acquisition in comparison to the acquired business’ indicated range of fair market value. For the purposes of this analysis, Capitalink assumed (i) that the acquired business’ fair market value is equivalent to its equity value; and (ii) that Highbury’s net asset value is its stockholders’ equity. Capitalink noted that the fair market value of the acquired business of between approximately $104.0 million and approximately $131.0 million, exceeds Highbury’s total net asset value of approximately $43.9 million as of March 31, 2006. Therefore, Capitalink determined that the 80% test was met.
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Capitalink Opinion
Based on the information and analyses set forth above, Capitalink delivered its written opinion to our board of directors in connection with the preparation of the proxy statement for Highbury’s stockholders and in consideration by Highbury’s board of directors to submit the acquisition to its stockholders for approval, subsequent to our board of directors’ approval of the asset purchase agreement, which stated that, as of May 31, 2006, based upon and subject to the assumptions made, matters considered, and limitations on its review as set forth in the opinion, (i) the acquisition consideration is fair, from a financial point of view, to our stockholders, and (ii) the fair market value of the acquired business is at least equal to 80% of our net assets.
Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Acquisition
Highbury stockholders who do not exercise their conversion rights will continue to hold their Highbury common stock and as a result will not recognize any gain or loss from the acquisition.
A Highbury stockholder who exercises his or her conversion right will generally be required to recognize capital gain or loss upon the exchange of its shares of Highbury common stock for cash, if such shares were held as a capital asset on the date of the acquisition. Such gain or loss will be measured by the difference between the amount of cash received and the tax basis of that stockholder’s shares of Highbury common stock. A stockholder’s tax basis in its Highbury shares will generally equal the cost of the shares.
Anticipated Accounting Treatment
The transaction will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting as a purchase of assets in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired will be recorded on Highbury’s balance sheet. The difference between the purchase price, plus capitalized transaction costs, and the net fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities will be recorded as goodwill or other intangible assets. The identifiable intangible assets are of indefinite life and will not be amortized for accounting purposes, but instead will be reviewed at least annually for impairment.
Regulatory Matters
The acquisition and the transactions contemplated by the acquisition agreement are not subject to any federal or state regulatory requirement or approval, provided that execution of advisory agreements between Aston and each Target Fund is subject to the approval of the trustees and shareholders of each Target Fund in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act. The trustees of the Target Funds approved the acquisition on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all the Target Funds has been obtained.
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ASTON LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
The discussion in this document of the principal terms of the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of Aston is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the amended and restated limited liability company agreement. A copy of the limited liability company agreement of Aston is attached as Annex H to this proxy statement and is incorporated into this proxy statement by reference.
General; Ownership of Aston
Highbury formed Aston Asset Management LLC on April 19, 2006 and became its sole member. On April 20, 2006, in connection with Highbury and Aston entering into the asset purchase agreement, the limited liability company agreement of Aston was amended and each of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, Gerald Dillenburg, Christine Dragon, Joseph Hays, Betsy Heaberg, David Robinow and John Rouse (whom we refer to collectively as the Aston management members) was admitted as a member of Aston. Currently, Highbury owns 65% of the membership interests of Aston, and the Aston management members own 35% of the membership interests of Aston.
Revenue Sharing Arrangement
Pursuant to the limited liability company agreement, 72% of the revenues, or the Operating Allocation, of Aston is allocated to pay operating expenses of Aston, including salaries and bonuses of all employees of Aston (including the Aston management members). The remaining 28% of the revenues, or the Owners’ Allocation, of Aston is allocated to the owners of Aston. The Owners’ Allocation is allocated among the members of Aston according to their relative ownership interests. Currently, 18.2% of total revenues is allocated to Highbury, and 9.8% of total revenues is allocated to the Aston management members.
Highbury’s contractual share of revenues has priority over the distributions to the Aston management members in the event Aston’s actual operating expenses exceed the Operating Allocation. As a result, excess expenses first reduce the portion of the Owners’ Allocation allocated to the Aston management members until the Aston management members’ allocation is eliminated, and then Highbury’s allocation is reduced. Any reduction in the revenues to be paid to Highbury is required to be paid to Highbury out of any future excess Operating Allocation and the portion of future Owners’ Allocation allocated to the Aston management members with interest at a rate equal to the prime lending rate then in effect as reported by JPMorgan Chase Bank. However, if the actual operating expenses of Aston are less than the Operating Allocation, the Aston management members may use such funds as they deem appropriate, including compensation of management members in any form or the incurrence of additional expenses.
Aston LLC Units
Aston issued two series of LLC Units: Series A LLC Units and Series B LLC Units. The Series A LLC Units were issued to Highbury for a capital contribution of $10, and the Series B LLC Units were issued to the Aston management members for no monetary capital contribution in consideration of future services to be rendered to Aston. The Series A Units and Series B Units have equal voting rights and are similar in their rights, other than the liquidation value of the Units. The liquidation value of the Series B LLC Units is likely to be effectively zero unless they are converted into Series A LLC Units. The Series B LLC Units automatically convert into Series A LLC Units upon the earliest to occur of:
| • | | five years from the date of issuance or date of transfer of any Series B LLC Unit if transferred to an Aston management member; |
| • | | upon the purchase of any Series B LLC Unit by Highbury pursuant to its call right (described below) or otherwise; or |
| • | | upon the death, termination of employment due to permanent incapacity or removal as a member of Aston by the management committee of Aston. |
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The conversion of Series B LLC Units to Series A Units results in an increase in the liquidation value of the units because unlike the liquidation value of Series B Units, which is effectively zero, the liquidation value of Series A Units is based on a multiple of Owners’ Allocation at the time the Series A Units are repurchased by Aston. However, the conversion to Series A LLC Units has no effect on a management member’s right to distributions by Aston or in any way affects any member’s right to the Owners’ Allocation as described in the proxy statement. The management members cannot require Highbury to purchase their LLC units at any time.
If a management member’s employment is terminated for any reason other than as described above, and Highbury does not elect to purchase the Series B Units held by the terminated management member, the Series B Units will remain outstanding.
Highbury’s Right to Call Membership Interests
The limited liability company agreement gives Highbury, as the manager member, the right, at its option, to call the Series A LLC Units or Series B LLC Units held by an Aston management member upon the member’s death, permanent incapacity or termination of employment. The purchase price for the Series A Units is based on a multiple of the Owner’s Allocation at the time the call is exercised. Depending on the event resulting in the call right, the multiple may be decreased. Because the liquidation value of the Series B Units is likely to be effectively zero unless the Series B Units are converted to Series A Units, the purchase price for the Series B Units upon a call by Highbury would be a nominal amount. In certain instances, the purchase price for the Units may be paid in the form of a promissory note which is payable in four equal annual installment accruing interest at the prime rate.
Management of Aston
Aston will be managed by a management committee consisting of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson and Gerald Dillenburg. The principal executive officers of Aston will be Stuart Bilton, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Kenneth Anderson, President; Gerald Dillenburg, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer; and Christine Dragon, Chief Administrative Officer. Highbury, as manager member of Aston, has approval rights over the following actions taken by Aston, among others:
| • | | entering into or terminating any contract which could have a material adverse impact on the Operating Allocation, could conflict with the provisions of the limited liability company agreement or could create a lien upon the assets of Aston; |
| • | | taking any action resulting in the termination of any Aston management member; |
| • | | incurring or assuming any indebtedness; |
| • | | entering into any contract containing severance or termination payment arrangements with any employees of Aston (other than an Aston management member) that exceed $250,000 individually or in the aggregate for which any payment will be paid from the Operating Allocation; provided that this payment would not result in Aston having insufficient funds to pay the operating expenses of the business; |
| • | | entering into any line of business other than the provision of investment services or making any acquisition or sale of assets; and |
| • | | authorizing or issuing any membership interests, repurchasing or redeeming any membership interests, settling or compromising any material litigation, terminating Aston’s existence or filing proceedings for bankruptcy, receivership or similar status. |
Although these approval rights may be waived by Highbury as manager member, Highbury does not anticipate that it will waive any of these rights under the limited liability company agreement.
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Amendment of Limited Liability Company Agreement
The limited liability company agreement of Aston may be amended with the prior written consent of Highbury, as manager member, and the management committee of Aston, except that Highbury may, without such consent, amend the limited liability company agreement to cure any ambiguity, or correct any provision which is incomplete or inconsistent with the terms of the limited liability company agreement. In addition, the limited liability company agreement may not be amended without the consent of all members to revise the percentage interests of the management members.
The board of directors of Highbury has the right to act on behalf of Highbury to exercise Highbury’s rights to amend the limited liability company agreement. As a matter of law, the action of the board of directors of Highbury must be consistent with the duties of care and loyalty it owes to Highbury stockholders. The stockholders will not have any vote on a modification of the limited liability company agreement.
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THE ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT
The following summary of the material provisions of the asset purchase agreement is qualified by reference to the complete text of the asset purchase agreement, as amended, a copy of which is attached as Annex A to this proxy statement and is incorporated by reference. All stockholders are encouraged to read the asset purchase agreement in its entirety for a more complete description of the terms and conditions of the acquisition.
General; Structure of Acquisition
On April 20, 2006, Highbury and Aston entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with the Sellers. Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth therein, Highbury will acquire substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds specified in the asset purchase agreement. Highbury will contribute the purchase price to Aston which in turn will acquire the Target Funds. See the section entitled “Acquisition Consideration” below.
Closing and Effective Time of the Acquisition
The closing of the acquisition will take place promptly following the satisfaction of the conditions described below under “The Asset Purchase Agreement – Conditions to the Closing of the Acquisition,” unless Highbury, Aston and the Sellers agree in writing to another time. The acquisition is expected to be consummated in the second half of 2006.
Name; Headquarters
After completion of the acquisition:
| • | | the corporate headquarters and principal executive offices of Highbury will remain at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, CO 80202 and its telephone number is (303) 357-4802; and |
| • | | the corporate headquarters and principal executive offices of Aston will be located in Chicago. Aston is currently considering various office alternatives in downtown Chicago. |
Acquisition Consideration
At the closing, Highbury will contribute $38.6 million in cash to Aston to pay the purchase price to AAAMHI. The asset purchase agreement provides for a contingent adjustment payment in cash on the second anniversary of the date of the closing, as follows. In the event the annualized investment advisory fee revenue generated under investment advisory contracts between Aston and the Sellers applicable to the Target Funds for the six months prior to the second anniversary of the date of the Closing, or the Target Revenue:
| • | | exceeds $41.8 million, Aston and Highbury will collectively pay to AAAMHI the difference between the Target Revenue and $41.8 million, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million, or |
| • | | is less than $34.2 million, AAAMHI will pay to Aston and Highbury the difference between the $34.2 million and the Target Revenue, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million. |
Although the purchase price will be paid to AAAMHI in cash, Highbury has entered into a credit agreement with City National Bank, which provides for a revolving line of credit that may be used for working capital, general corporate purposes, repurchases of our outstanding securities and to finance the conversion of shares of our common stock should the need arise in conjunction with the closing of the business acquisition. In the event it draws down on the line of credit, Highbury will pay interest and make principal payments using its operating cash flow.
Representations and Warranties
The asset purchase agreement contains representations of each of the Sellers relating to, among other things:
| • | | proper corporate organization and similar corporate matters; |
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| • | | regulatory status and compliance with law of each of the Sellers and the Target Funds; |
| • | | the authorization, performance and enforceability of the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | financial information and absence of undisclosed liabilities regarding the acquired business; |
| • | | ownership of assets related to the acquired business including, intellectual property rights; |
| • | | consents required prior to the closing of the acquisition; |
| • | | material contracts of the acquired business; |
| • | | license and permits related to the acquired business; |
| • | | absence of certain changes; and |
| • | | affiliate transactions. |
The asset purchase agreement also contains representations of Highbury and Aston relating to, among other things,
| • | | proper corporate organization and similar corporate matters; |
| • | | consents required prior to the closing; |
Pre-Closing Covenants
Highbury, Aston and the Sellers have each agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the conditions precedent to the closing of the acquisition to be fulfilled. The Sellers have agreed to continue to operate the acquired business and the Target Funds in the ordinary course prior to the closing of the acquisition and not to take certain specified actions without the prior written consent of Highbury and Aston, subject to certain exceptions.
The asset purchase agreement also contains the following pre-closing covenants of the parties:
| • | | each Seller shall permit representatives of Highbury and Aston to have reasonable access to all of Sellers’ properties, books and records of the acquired business; |
| • | | the parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all necessary approvals, give all notices to and make all filings with governmental agencies and third parties that are required for the closing of the acquisition; |
| • | | the parties shall cooperate on any public disclosures related to the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | the parties shall not take any action that would have the effect, directly or indirectly, of causing the requirements of Section 15(f) of the Investment Company Act not to be met; |
| • | | the Sellers shall use their reasonable best efforts to prepare and file a proxy statement to solicit proxies of the shareholders of the Target Funds, and Highbury and Aston shall use their reasonable best efforts to prepare and file a proxy statement to solicit proxies of the Highbury stockholders, in each case to vote in favor of the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement; |
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| • | | Sellers shall cause to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the Target Funds one or more supplements to each Target Fund’s prospectus and Statement of Additional Information reflecting the execution of the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | Sellers shall deliver certain financial information related to each Seller and the Target Funds to Highbury and Aston; |
| • | | each Seller has generally agreed not to directly or indirectly enter into any discussions with a third party with respect to the acquired business or the Target Funds, or to disclose any confidential information with respect to the acquired business or the Target Funds to a third party, subject in each case to certain exceptions; |
| • | | the Sellers shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the third party consents necessary to transfer to Aston the management of certain separately managed accounts; |
| • | | each Seller has waived any right to recourse against the trust account established for the benefit of the Highbury stockholders who purchased their securities in Highbury’s IPO, for any reason whatsoever; and |
| • | | Sellers shall make certain specified payments to employees of Sellers identified by Highbury and Aston. |
Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition
General Conditions
Consummation of the asset purchase agreement and the related transactions is conditioned on the Highbury stockholders, at a meeting called for these purposes, adopting the asset purchase agreement and approving the acquisition. The Highbury stockholders will also be asked to approve the removal of all of the provisions of Article Fifth of Highbury’s certificate of incorporation. The consummation of the acquisition is not dependent on the approval of the Article Fifth Amendment.
In addition, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement is conditioned upon normal closing conditions in a transaction of this nature, including:
| • | | no injunction, restraining order or other ruling or order being issued by any governmental authority preventing the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | the delivery by each party to the other party of a certificate to the effect that the representations and warranties of the delivering party are true and correct in all material respects as of the closing and all covenants contained in the acquisition agreement have been materially complied with by the delivering party; |
| • | | requisite consents, waivers, authorizations and approvals set forth in the asset purchase agreement being obtained; |
| • | | requisite approval of the stockholders of the Target Funds shall have been obtained with respect to Target Funds having assets under management representing at least 90% of the assets under management of all of the Target Funds, as of April 20, 2006, the date of the asset purchase agreement. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained; and |
| • | | the execution and delivery by the sub-advisers and Aston of sub-advisory agreements in the form and with such terms as attached to the asset purchase agreement. |
The Sellers’ Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition
The obligations of the Sellers to consummate the transactions contemplated by the purchase agreement, in addition to the conditions described above, are conditioned upon, among other things, the receipt by the Sellers
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of a legal opinion substantially in the form annexed to the Asset Purchase Agreement, which is customary for transactions of this nature, from Bingham McCutchen LLP, counsel to Highbury.
Highbury’s Conditions to Closing of the Acquisition
The obligations of Highbury to consummate the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement, in addition to the conditions described above in the second paragraph of this section, are conditioned upon each of the following, among other things:
| • | | there shall have been no material adverse effect with respect to any Seller or any Target Fund since the date of the asset purchase agreement; |
| • | | the working capital of the acquired business of the Sellers shall be at least $3.5 million at the closing; |
| • | | one of the interested trustees of the Target Funds shall have resigned; |
| • | | Highbury shall have received a legal opinion substantially in the form annexed to the asset purchase agreement, which is customary for transactions of this nature, from Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, counsel to Sellers; and |
| • | | Highbury shall have received “comfort” letters from Ernst & Young LLP, dated the date of distribution of this proxy statement and the date of consummation of the acquisition, in forms customary for transactions of this nature, confirming that certain financial data in this proxy statement, other than the numbers in the actual financial statements, are derived from the financial statements and/or accounting records of the acquired business and the Target Funds. |
Indemnification
Subject to limited exceptions, Aston and Highbury’s sole remedy for its rights to indemnification under the asset purchase agreement is $9,000,000, subject to adjustment in the event of any contingent adjustment payment described above. Claims for indemnification may be asserted by Highbury and Aston once the damages exceed $300,000, at which time all claims (including those less than $300,000) may be asserted. However, claims with respect to a deficiency in the amount of working capital to be delivered at the closing are not subject to this threshold. The representations and warranties in the asset purchase agreement shall survive the closing and remain in full force and effect for a period of 24 months following the closing.
Termination
The asset purchase agreement may be terminated at any time, but not later than the closing, as follows:
| • | | by mutual written consent of AAAMHI, on the one hand, and Highbury and Aston, on the other hand; |
| • | | by either Highbury and Aston or the Sellers if a government entity shall have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action, in each case permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement, and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become final and non-appealable; |
| • | | by Highbury and Aston at any time when a Seller is in breach of any covenant or if any representation or warranty of any Seller is false or misleading (except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect), unless such breach is cured within specified periods; |
| • | | by the Sellers at any time when Highbury or Aston is in breach of any covenant or if any representation or warranty of Highbury or Aston is false or misleading (except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect), unless such breach is cured within specified periods; |
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| • | | by Highbury or Aston in the event that the Sellers have not delivered required financial information to Highbury and Aston within 90 days following the signing; |
| • | | by either Highbury, Aston or the Sellers if the Closing has not occurred on or before December 31, 2006; provided, however, that such right to terminate the asset purchase agreement shall not be available to any party whose breach of any covenant or agreement pursuant to the asset purchase agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the closing to occur on or before such date; or |
| • | | by either Highbury, Aston or the Sellers if the requisite approvals of the trustees and the stockholders of the Target Funds are not received on or before December 31, 2006. The trustees of the Target Funds approved the acquisition on May 9, 2006. As of September 20, 2006, the approval of the stockholders of all of the Target Funds has been obtained. |
Effect of Termination
In the event of proper termination by either Highbury, Aston or the Sellers, the asset purchase agreement will become void and have no effect, without any liability or obligation on the part of Highbury, Aston or the Sellers, except that:
| • | | the confidentiality obligations set forth in a confidentiality agreement between Highbury, Aston and AAAMHI will survive; |
| • | | the rights of the parties to bring actions against each other for breach of the asset purchase agreement will survive; and |
| • | | the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the asset purchase agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby will be paid by the party incurring such expenses. |
The asset purchase agreement does not specifically address the rights of a party in the event of a refusal or wrongful failure of the other party to consummate the acquisition. In such event, the non-wrongful party would be entitled to assert its legal rights for breach of contract against the wrongful party.
Post-Closing Covenants
Upon the reasonable request of either party at any time after the closing of the acquisition, the other party shall promptly execute and deliver such documents and take such additional actions as reasonable requested by the other part to effectuate the purposes of the asset purchase agreement.
The asset purchase agreement contains the following additional post-closing covenants of the parties:
| • | | for a period of seven years following the closing of the acquisition the Sellers shall be allowed reasonable access to books and records related to the acquired business and the Target Funds; |
| • | | pursuant to a license agreement to be executed in connection with the closing of the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement, Aston shall have a royalty free license to use certain names and marks of the Sellers to market and sell the Target Funds for so long as such Target Fund is sub-advised by the applicable seller; |
| • | | for a period of five years following the closing of the acquisition, the Sellers have agreed to limited non-competition provisions and not to solicit certain individuals designated by Highbury and Aston; |
| • | | each Seller agrees not to terminate an investment sub-advisory agreement with Aston prior to the fifth anniversary date of the closing of the acquisition; |
| • | | following the closing of the acquisition, certain Sellers will accept at least a minimum additional investment amount in certain Target Funds; |
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| • | | for a period of time following the closing of the acquisition, the Sellers shall cause specified “seed money” amounts invested in the Target Funds on behalf of the Sellers and/or their affiliates to remain in the Target Funds; and |
| • | | in the event that the acquired business is sold prior to the second anniversary of the date of the closing of the acquisition, certain amounts may be payable by Highbury and Aston to AAAMHI. |
Fees and Expenses
All fees and expenses incurred in connection with the asset purchase agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby will be paid by the party incurring such expenses whether or not the acquisition is consummated. If the acquisition is consummated, the fees and expenses of Aston will be paid from the working capital of the acquired business which will be contributed to Aston.
Confidentiality; Access to Information
The Sellers will afford to Highbury, Aston and their financial advisers, accountants, counsel and other representatives prior to the completion of the acquisition reasonable access during normal business hours,
upon reasonable notice, to all of their respective properties, books, records and personnel to obtain all information concerning the acquired business, including the status of business development efforts, properties, results of operations and personnel, as each party may reasonably request. Highbury and Aston will maintain in confidence any non-public information received from the other party, and use such nonpublic information only for purposes of consummating the transactions contemplated by the asset purchase agreement.
Amendment
The asset purchase agreement may be amended by the parties thereto at any time by execution of an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties.
Extension; Waiver
At any time prior to the closing, any party to the asset purchase agreement may, in writing, to the extent legally allowed:
| • | | extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other parties to the agreement; |
| • | | waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties made to such party contained in the asset purchase agreement or in any document delivered pursuant to the asset purchase agreement; and |
| • | | waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions for the benefit of such party contained in the asset purchase agreement. |
Public Announcements
Highbury, Aston and the Sellers have agreed that, until closing or termination of the asset purchase agreement, the parties will:
| • | | cooperate in the development and distribution of all news releases and other public disclosures pertaining to the asset purchase agreement and the transactions governed by it; and |
| • | | not issue or otherwise make any public announcement or communication pertaining to the asset purchase agreement or the acquisition without the prior consent of the other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld by the other party, unless otherwise required by applicable legal requirements. |
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ARTICLE FIFTH AMENDMENT PROPOSAL
Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, we are proposing to remove the preamble and sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth of Highbury’s certificate of incorporation. If the acquisition is not approved, the Article Fifth amendment will not be presented at the meeting.
In the judgment of our board of directors, the Article Fifth amendment is desirable, as sections A through G relate to the operation of Highbury as a blank check company prior to the consummation of a business combination. Such sections will not be applicable upon consummation of the acquisition.
The approval of the Article Fifth amendment will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Highbury common stock on the record date.
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE ARTICLE FIFTH AMENDMENT.
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DIRECTOR ELECTION PROPOSAL
We are proposing to elect Russell L. Appel as Director. Our board of directors currently has three members, one of whom is up for election. One director stands for election each year. The term of office of the first class of directors consisting of Russell L. Appel will expire at our first annual meeting of stockholders. If Mr. Appel is elected as Director, his term will expire at the 2009 annual meeting of stockholders.
The approval of the director election proposal will require a plurality of the votes cast in the election of directors at the annual meeting.
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE DIRECTOR ELECTION PROPOSAL.
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ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL
In the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth amendment, the Board of Directors may submit a proposal to adjourn the annual meeting to a later date, or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies.
The approval of the adjournment proposal will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock voting on the proposal.
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL.
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OTHER INFORMATION RELATED TO HIGHBURY
Business of Highbury
Highbury was formed on July 13, 2005, for the purpose of acquiring or acquiring control of, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase or other similar business combination, one or more financial services businesses. Prior to executing the asset purchase agreement, Highbury’s efforts were limited to organizational activities, consummation of its IPO and the evaluation of possible business combinations.
Offering Proceeds Held in the Trust Account
On January 31, 2006, Highbury contemporaneously consummated a private placement to the Highbury Inside Stockholders, with proceeds of $1,000,002 and an IPO of its equity securities with net proceeds of approximately $42.8 million, after payment of underwriters’ commission and offering costs, for total net proceeds of approximately $43.8 million. Highbury placed net proceeds of $42.6 million and $673,333 of deferred underwriting fees in the trust account and invested them in government securities. Such funds, with the interest earned thereon, will be released to Highbury upon consummation of the acquisition, less (a) any amount payable to Highbury stockholders that vote against the acquisition and elect to exercise their conversion rights and (b) an aggregate payment of $673,333, plus accrued interest net of taxes payable, less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury’s common stock that is converted. The proceeds of the offering not held in the trust account have been used by Highbury to pay offering expenses, operating expenses, and expenses incurred in connection with its pursuit of a business combination. The funds in the trust account will not be released until the earlier of the consummation of a business combination or the liquidation of Highbury. The trust account contained $44,457,721 as of October 24, 2006, including accrued taxes payable of approximately $215,711. The released funds not used in connection with the acquisition, if any, will be used by Highbury for working capital purposes and to pursue additional acquisitions.
Fair Market Value of Acquired Business
Pursuant to Highbury’s certificate of incorporation, the initial business that Highbury acquires must have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of Highbury’s net assets at the time of such acquisition. Highbury’s board of directors determined that this test was met in connection with the acquired business. Management did not prepare a valuation model or determine a specific valuation at the time Highbury entered into the asset purchase agreement. One could construe the 80% requirement set forth in our initial public offering prospectus to mean that the value of the controlling interest of the business acquired must be greater than 80% of our net assets. If this were the case, the 80% requirement would only be met if the value of the Company’s manager membership interest in the acquired business were greater than 80% of the net assets of Highbury. However, even using this construction the 80% requirement has been satisfied for the acquisition. Further, Highbury has received an opinion in connection with the submission of the acquisition to its stockholders for approval pursuant to this proxy statement and after approval of the asset purchase agreement by our board of directors from Capitalink that this test has been met. See the section entitled “The Acquisition Proposal — Fairness Opinion.”
Stockholder Approval of Acquisition
Highbury will proceed with the acquisition of the acquired business only if a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares issued in the IPO are voted in favor of the acquisition. The Highbury Inside Stockholders have agreed to vote their shares of common stock on the acquisition proposal in accordance with the vote cast by holders of a majority of the shares issued in the IPO. If the holders of 20% or more of Highbury’s common stock vote against the acquisition proposal and demand that Highbury convert their shares into their pro rata share of the trust account (net of taxes payable), then Highbury will not consummate the acquisition. If this happens, and if Highbury does not consummate another business combination before July 31, 2007, subject to extension in certain circumstances to January 31, 2008, or the acquisition described in this proxy statement is not consummated before January 31, 2008, it will be forced to dissolve and liquidate.
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Plan of Dissolution and Distribution of Assets if No Business Combination
We will promptly adopt a plan of dissolution and distribution of our assets and initiate procedures for our dissolution if we do not complete another business combination by July 31, 2007, subject to extension under certain circumstances until January 31, 2008, or this acquisition by January 31, 2008. Upon the approval by our stockholders of our dissolution and plan of distribution of assets, we will distribute our assets, including the trust account, and after reserving amounts sufficient to cover our liabilities and obligations and the costs of dissolution, solely to our public stockholders. We cannot assure you that third parties will not seek to recover from the assets distributed to our public stockholders any amounts owed to them by us. Under the DGCL, our stockholders could be liable for any claims against the corporation to the extent the distribution received by them after dissolution.
Our existing stockholders, including all of our officers and directors, have waived their rights to participate in any distributions occurring upon our failure to complete a business combination with respect to shares of common stock acquired by them prior to this offering and purchased in the private placement and have agreed to vote all their shares of Highbury common stock in favor of our dissolution. We estimate that, in the event we liquidate the trust account and distribute those assets to our public stockholders, each public stockholder will receive approximately $5.71 per share as of October 24, 2006, without taking into account interest earned on the trust account. We expect that all costs associated with implementing our dissolution and plan for the distribution of our assets, including payments to any creditors, will be funded by the proceeds of this offering not held in the trust account, but if we do not have sufficient funds outside of the trust account for those purposes or to cover our liabilities and obligations, the amounts distributed to our public stockholders may be less than $5.71 per share. If Highbury liquidates prior to the consummation of a business combination, R. Bruce Cameron, Chairman of the Board, and Richard S. Foote, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, have each agreed to be personally liable, jointly and severally, for ensuring that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced by the claims of vendors for services rendered or products sold to us as well as claims of prospective target businesses for fees and expenses of third parties that we agree in writing to pay in the event we do not complete a business combination with such business. Based on representations made to us by Richard Foote and R. Bruce Cameron, we currently believe they are capable of funding a shortfall in our trust account to satisfy their foreseeable indemnification obligations, but we have not asked them to reserve for such an eventuality. Despite our belief, we cannot assure you that they will be able to satisfy those obligations. Indemnification obligations may be substantially higher than they currently foresee or expect and/or their financial resources may deteriorate in the future. As a result, the steps outlined above may not effectively mitigate the risk of creditors’ claims reducing the amounts in the trust account.
As of June 30, 2006, Highbury had $566,986 of available cash outside of the trust account and had accounts payable and accrued expenses of $496,608. If Highbury is unable to consummate a business combination with the acquired business, accounts payable and accrued expenses would be reduced to $367,309 due to an expense cap we have negotiated with one of our vendors. We currently believe all of the accounts payable and accrued expenses reflected on Highbury’s balance sheet would be considered vendor claims for purposes of the indemnification provided by Messrs. Cameron and Foote, with the exception of an accrued liability for Delaware state franchise taxes of $29,875. In addition, each of our vendors have executed waivers waiving their rights to assert any claim against funds in the trust account. We estimate that our total costs and expenses for implementing and completing our dissolution and stockholder approved plan of distribution of our assets will be in the range of $50,000 to $75,000. This amount includes all costs of our certificate of dissolution in the State of Delaware, the winding up of our company and the cost of a proxy statement and meeting relating to the approval by our stockholders of our plan of dissolution. We expect that these expenses would all be payable to vendors and consequently included in the scope of the indemnification provided by Messrs. Cameron and Foote. If the funds outside the trust are insufficient to cover the costs of dissolution and liquidation, the Company would be required to make a claim for indemnification against Messrs. Cameron and Foote and we expect that the indemnification provided by Messrs. Cameron and Foote would cover these costs to the extent the dissolution and liquidation expenses relate to vendor claims.
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If Highbury were to expend all of the net proceeds of the IPO, other than the proceeds deposited in the trust account, the per share liquidation price as of October 24, 2006 would be approximately $5.71, or $0.29 less than the per unit offering price of $6.00 in Highbury’s IPO. The proceeds deposited in the trust account could, however, become subject to the claims of Highbury’s creditors, and there is no assurance that the actual per share liquidation price will not be less than $5.71 due to those claims.
Facilities
Highbury maintains executive offices at 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, CO 80202. The cost of this space is included in the $7,500 per month Berkshire Capital charges us for general and administrative services pursuant to a letter agreement between us and Berkshire Capital. Highbury believes, based on rents and costs for similar services in the Denver metropolitan area, that the amounts charged by Berkshire Capital are at least as favorable as Highbury could have obtained from an unaffiliated person. Highbury considers its current office space adequate for current operations. Highbury and Berkshire Capital intend to amend this agreement upon consummation of the acquisition to extend the agreement upon the same terms. The agreement will be terminable by either party upon six months’ prior notice.
Employees
Highbury currently has three executive officers and three directors. These individuals are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week and devote only as much time as they deem necessary to our affairs. Highbury does not intend to have any full-time employees prior to the consummation of the acquisition. Highbury currently has no intention to pay any compensation or fees to any of its officers or directors, although our board may elect to do so in the future.
Periodic Reporting and Audited Financial Statements
Highbury has registered its securities under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and has reporting obligations, including the requirement to file annual and quarterly reports with the SEC. In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Highbury’s annual reports contain financial statements audited and reported on by Highbury’s independent accountants. Highbury has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a Form 10-KSB covering the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 and a Form 10-QSB/A covering the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2006. A copy of Highbury’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 is being mailed to each shareholder together with this proxy statement.
Legal Proceedings
There are no legal proceedings pending against Highbury.
Plan of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Highbury’s financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this proxy statement.
Highbury’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the IPO and the private placement, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be generally applied toward consummating a business combination, or series of business combinations, with an operating business in the financial services industry. An amount of $43,289,567 of the net proceeds of the IPO and the private placement, including $673,333 which will be paid to the underwriters of the IPO if a business combination is consummated (less approximately $0.11 for each share of common stock our stockholders elect to convert in connection with the business combination as described below) but which will be forfeited if a business combination is not consummated, is being held in an interest-bearing trust account until the earlier of (i) the
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consummation of a business combination or (ii) Highbury’s liquidation. Under the agreement governing the trust account, funds are only invested in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act with a maturity of 180 days or less. Highbury may use the remaining net proceeds (not held in the trust account) to pay for business, legal and accounting due diligence on prospective acquisitions and continuing general and administrative expenses. As of June 30, 2006, Highbury had used such funds, initially totaling $1,167,348, as follows:
| | | |
Costs of the acquisition | | $ | 347,256 |
Directors’ and officers’ insurance policy | | | 137,750 |
Professional fees | | | 80,162 |
Administrative and other operating costs | | | 48,924 |
Transfer agent | | | 12,600 |
Franchise taxes | | | 2,146 |
The remaining cash from net proceeds at June 30, 2006 was $541,886. This does not include $25,000 raised from the sale of common stock to the initial stockholders in August 2005 or $100 received from the underwriters in connection with the unit purchase option but does include $3,376 of interest income earned on proceeds not held in the trust account. Actual cash available to Highbury at June 30, 2006 was $566,986.
As of June 30, 2006, Highbury has accrued expenses, excluding income taxes payable, of $496,608 related to the investigation and pursuit of the transaction with the Sellers, as well as general and administrative expenses. We have excluded income taxes payable of $68,185 because the trust account must reimburse Highbury for its share of the income taxes on the investment income of the trust account. To date, more than 99% of Highbury’s investment income has been derived from the trust account and, as such, is subject to reimbursement to Highbury for income tax liability. Highbury will have sufficient available funds outside the trust account to search for potential acquisition targets and operate through July 31, 2007. If a transaction is not consummated, Highbury estimates costs of approximately $7,500 per month payable to Berkshire Capital, $9,250 per month through September 2006 for investor relations and corporate communication services payable to Integrated Corporate Relations, Inc., $12,500 per quarter of expenses in legal and accounting fees relating to quarterly SEC reporting obligations and approximately $15,000 per quarter in Delaware state franchise taxes. Highbury may not have sufficient funds outside of the trust account to consummate a business combination with another target company without obtaining additional funds.
Assuming the acquisition is consummated in the fourth quarter of 2006, Highbury estimates costs of approximately $7,500 per month payable to Berkshire Capital, $9,250 per month for investor relations and corporate communication services payable to Integrated Corporate Relations, Inc., $12,500 per quarter of expenses in legal and accounting fees relating to quarterly SEC reporting obligations, $10,000 per month for directors’ and officers’ insurance and approximately $15,000 per quarter for Delaware state franchise taxes. In addition, after the consummation of the acquisition, Highbury expects to incur operating expenses related to its business plan to expand its activities as an investment management holding company by providing permanent capital solutions to owners and managers of investment management firms that will become controlled affiliates of Highbury. Such operating expenses relate to the identification, due diligence, negotiation and execution of business combinations. Highbury estimates the costs of these activities would be approximately $15,000 per month, excluding any expenses directly attributable to a transaction.
Highbury occupies office space provided by Berkshire Capital, an affiliate of our initial stockholders. Berkshire Capital has agreed that, until the acquisition of a target business by Highbury, it will make such office space, as well as certain office and secretarial services, available to Highbury, as may be required by Highbury from time to time. Highbury has agreed to pay Berkshire Capital $7,500 per month for such services commencing on January 26, 2006. Upon completion of the acquisition, Highbury and Berkshire Capital intend to extend this agreement on the same terms, terminable on six months’ prior notice by either party.
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In connection with Highbury’s IPO we issued to our underwriters, TEP and EBC, for $100, an option to purchase up to a total of 336,667 units, consisting of one share of common stock and two warrants, at $7.50 per unit, exercisable commencing on the later of the consummation of the business combination and January 25, 2007 and expiring on January 25, 2010. The warrants underlying such units have terms that are identical to those issued in the IPO, with the exception of the exercise price, which is set at $6.25 per warrant. Highbury has accounted for the receipt of the $100 cash payment as a cash flow of the public offering resulting in a direct increase to stockholders’ equity. Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the option (the “UPO”) has been reported as a liability. For more information about the accounting treatment of the purchase option under EITF No. 00-19, please see “Other Information Related to Highbury — Off Balance-Sheet Arrangements.”
Highbury has estimated, based upon a Black-Scholes model, that the fair value of the option on the date of sale was approximately $614,000, using an expected life of four years, volatility of 41.3% and a risk-free rate of 4.34%. However, because the units did not have a trading history, the volatility assumption was based on information currently available to management. The volatility assumption was derived from the average stock price volatility, based on annualized daily price changes over the most recent four year period, of 55 financial services firms with market capitalizations between $30.0 million and $150.0 million for which volatility data was available. Though we could effect our initial business combination with any company whose fair market value is at least 80% of our net assets at the time of the acquisition, we used a range of market capitalizations between $30.0 million and $150.0 million because we believe, based on our past experience in effecting transactions in the financial services industry, that many of our potential acquisition targets will fall within this range. We believe these estimates provided a reasonable benchmark to use in estimating the expected volatility of the units after the consummation of our initial business combination. Although an expected life of four years was used in the calculation, if we do not consummate our initial business combination within the prescribed time period and we dissolve and liquidate, the option will become worthless. As of March 31, 2006 and June 30, 2006, we estimated the fair value of this option was $732,000 and $788,000, respectively.
The consummation of this transaction will establish Highbury as an investment management holding company for which Aston will serve as the initial platform for internal growth and add-on acquisitions. We intend to continue to pursue acquisition opportunities and will seek to establish other accretive partnerships with high quality investment management firms over time. We will seek to provide permanent equity capital to fund buyouts from corporate parents, buyouts of founding or departing partners, growth initiatives or exit strategies for private equity funds. We intend to leave material equity interests with management teams to align the interests of management and our shareholders and, in general, will not integrate our acquisitions, although we may work with potential future affiliates to execute add-on acquisitions. We will seek to augment and diversify our sources of revenue by investment style, asset class, distribution channel, client type and management team. An asset class is a specific category of assets or investments, such as stocks, bonds, cash, international securities or real estate. At this time, Highbury has no specific plans with respect to the structure or financing of future acquisitions. Such acquisitions may be funded with retained net income or the issuance of debt or equity.
Highbury will satisfy its expenses in future periods with the distributions it receives from Aston, as well as with distributions from any additional investment management firms we may partner with in the future. In addition to covering operating expenses, Highbury will use these funds to make additional acquisitions, service debt, if any, including debt that may be incurred in making acquisitions or to finance the conversion of shares of our common stock in connection with the business acquisition, and, if appropriate, repurchase stock.
Description of Credit Facility
We entered into a credit agreement with City National Bank on August 21, 2006, which provides for a revolving line of credit of up to $12.0 million. The credit facility will be used for working capital, general corporate purposes, repurchases of our outstanding securities and to finance the conversion of shares of our common stock should the need arise in conjunction with the closing of the business acquisition.
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Our borrowing under our credit facility will bear interest, at our option, at either the fluctuating prime rate minus 0.50% or LIBOR plus 1.50%. In addition, we will be required to pay annually a fee of 0.25% on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the credit facility. We will have to make interest payments monthly for any prime rate borrowings. For any LIBOR borrowings, interest payments will be made at the end of any LIBOR contract or quarterly, whichever is sooner. Any outstanding principal is due at maturity on October 31, 2007.
Our credit facility is secured by all of our assets. Highbury may not draw on the line of credit under the credit facility until a business combination is consummated and the trust funds distributed to Highbury.
Our credit facility contains customary and appropriate affirmative and negative covenants for financings of its type (subject to customary exceptions). The financial covenants include: maximum total leverage ratio; and minimum net worth. Other covenants will, among other things, limit our ability to incur liens or other encumbrances, make capital expenditures, distributions, dividends, and divestitures, enter into mergers or acquisitions and incur indebtedness.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Highbury sold 7,910,000 units in the private placement and the IPO, which included all of the 1,010,000 units subject to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. Each unit consists of one share of Highbury’s common stock, $.0001 par value, and two redeemable common stock purchase warrants. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase from Highbury one share of common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 commencing the later of the completion of a business combination or one year from the effective date of the IPO (January 25, 2007) and expiring four years from the effective date of the IPO (January 25, 2010). The warrants will be redeemable, at Highbury’s option, at a price of $.01 per warrant upon 30 days’ notice after the warrants become exercisable, only in the event that the last sale price of the common stock is at least $8.50 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third day prior to the date on which notice of redemption is given.
Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the warrants issued as part of the units have been reported as a liability. The warrant agreement provides for Highbury to register the shares underlying the warrants and is silent as to the penalty to be incurred in the absence of Highbury’s ability to deliver registered shares to the warrant holders upon warrant exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the warrants is not within the Highbury’s control. As a result, Highbury must assume that it could be required to settle the warrants on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further EITF No. 00-19, requires Highbury to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the warrants, with any changes being recorded through Highbury’s statement of operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the warrants are exercised, expire, are redeemed by Highbury (should the common stock attain the sales prices described above) or Highbury is otherwise able to modify the warrant agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, Highbury could experience volatility in its net income due to changes that occur in the value of the warrant liability at each reporting date.
The fair value of the derivative warrant liability is determined using the trading value of the warrants on the last day of the appropriate period. The value assigned to the warrant liability at June 30, 2006 was $14,238,000 and at March 31, 2006 was $9,966,600. Immediately after the consummation of the initial public offering and the underwriters’ overallotment option, the value assigned to the warrant liability was $8,701,000.
In connection with this offering, the Company issued an option, for $100, to the underwriters to purchase 336,667 Units at an exercise price of $7.50 per Unit. Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the option (the “UPO”) has been reported as a liability. The warrant agreement provides for the
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Company to register the shares underlying the UPO and includes a damages provision in the event the Company is unable to deliver registered shares to the UPO holders upon exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the UPO is not within the Company’s control. As a result, the Company must assume that it could be required to settle the UPO on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further EITF No. 00-19, requires the Company to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the UPO, with any changes being recorded through the Company’s statement of operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the UPO is exercised, expires, or the Company is otherwise able to modify the UPO agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, the Company could experience volatility in its net income due to changes that occur in the value of the UPO liability at each reporting date.
As of June 30, 2006, the Company has estimated that the fair value of this option is approximately $788,000 ($2.34 per Unit) using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the option granted to the underwriters was estimated as of the date of grant using the following assumptions: (1) expected volatility of 35.1%, (2) risk-free interest rate of 5.12% and (3) expected life of 3.6 years. The option may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless” basis, at the holder’s option, such that the holder may use the appreciated value of the option (the difference between the exercise prices of the option and the underlying warrants and the market price of the units and underlying securities) to exercise the option without the payment of any cash. In addition, the warrants underlying such Units are exercisable at $6.25 per share. As of March 31, 2006, the fair value of this option was estimated to be $732,000. Immediately after the consummation of the initial public offering and the underwriters’ overallotment option, the value assigned to this option was $614,000.
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ACQUIRED BUSINESS
General
Following the acquisition of the acquired business, Aston will provide investment advisory services to a family of 19 no-load, open-end mutual funds which managed approximately $5.6 billion in client assets as of June 30, 2006. The acquired business has historically grown internally, through market appreciation and net positive asset flows from approximately $100 million in assets under management in 1993 to $7.2 billion at its peak in 2004 although since 2004 cumulative net redemptions have reduced the size of the business to approximately $5.6 billion. Upon the completion of the acquisition, Aston will enter into an administration agreement with the Target Funds as well as an advisory agreement with the Target Funds. Under the advisory agreements, Aston will be the adviser to the funds and will not own equity interests in the sub-advisers of the funds. As part of the asset acquisition agreement, we have established contractual agreements to implement and retain sub-advisory relationships with the pre-transaction advisers and sub-advisers to the funds. The boards of the Target Funds will regularly review the performance of Aston and the sub-advisers. If a board were to determine that the performance of Aston or the sub-advisers does not meet its standards, then the board could terminate the advisory contract upon 60 days notice. Historically, the acquired business utilized two sub-advisers and five advisers affiliated with AAAMHI. ABN AMRO and its affiliates are subject to limited non-compete provisions which restrict the ability of ABN AMRO and its affiliates to sponsor, advise or sub-advise any mutual funds or other similar collective investment vehicles principally sold or marketed in the United States. These restrictions apply to the ABN AMRO affiliated advisers (and their subsidiaries) that will sub-advise the Target Funds for the longer of five years or one year after the sub-adviser’s termination as a sub-adviser and to all other ABN AMRO affiliates for five years. Notwithstanding the non-compete restrictions, ABN AMRO and its affiliates may be permitted to continue to operate United States mutual fund sponsorship, advisory and subadvisory businesses they may acquire, and may also provide subadvisory services with respect to new mutual fund investment products if Aston or its affiliates and ABN AMRO and its affiliates are unable to reach mutually agreeable terms pursuant to which Aston or its affiliates would serve as the investment adviser and ABN AMRO or its affiliate would serve as the subadviser with respect to such new mutual fund investment products. In addition, Montag, River Road and Veredus, three of the ABN AMRO affiliated advisers that will sub-advise certain of the Target Funds, are subject to limited exclusivity agreements benefiting Aston. The exclusivity agreements, with certain limited exceptions, restrict Montag, River Road and Veredus from sponsoring, advising or owning the Target Funds they are to sub-advise and from sponsoring, advising, sub-advising or owning any other mutual funds of a similar style until the earlier of five years from the closing of the acquisition and the date on which the sub-adviser ceases to sub-advise all Target Funds which it had previously advised as the result of its termination as a sub-adviser by Aston or the board of trustees of such Target Fund without reasonable cause. In addition, because ABN AMRO and its affiliates are selling Highbury the infrastructure used to service the Funds pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, they will not have the ability to perform these functions. The sub-advisers and advisers will be collectively referred to herein as the sub-advisers.
Stuart Bilton and Kenneth Anderson founded the acquired business in 1993, as the CT&T Funds, an affiliate of Chicago Title and Trust Company, a subsidiary of Alleghany Corporation, and have managed its growth since inception. The investment businesses of CT&T were later consolidated under a holding company called Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. and the funds rebranded the Alleghany Funds. The acquired business was founded as a mutual fund platform beginning with approximately $100 million in assets under management. A mutual fund platform is a business engaged in the advisory, distribution, marketing, operation, compliance, and other functions of operating mutual funds. The investment processes underlying the funds may be managed by affiliated managers or outsourced to independent investment managers. In Aston’s case, its business model anticipates that it will co-brand its funds with the names of the sub-advisers. Historically, those institutional managers have been the advisers to the funds. It is a condition to Highbury’s obligation to close that those managers act as sub-advisers following the consummation of the acquisition. The business grew internally and through strategic partnerships mainly with affiliated investment advisers. While the Alleghany Funds mutual fund platform offered a variety of investment styles, the majority of the assets were invested according to the
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large-capitalization growth style. Portfolios invested with a large-capitalization growth orientation generally invest in stocks of companies valued in excess of $10 billion (large cap) and whose earnings are projected to grow at a faster rate than its industry or the general market (growth). In 2001, Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. was sold to the ABN AMRO Group.
For more than ten years, the acquired business has remained focused on providing clients with competitive risk-adjusted returns while maintaining consistency of investment processes within stated investment objectives. Risk-adjusted returns are a measure of the total return of a fund adjusted for the amount of risk the fund assumes. In order to accommodate a variety of client needs, the acquired business provides 15 equity investment funds covering seven of the nine Morningstar style-boxes as well as four fixed income products. As of June 30, 2006, 13 of the 19 funds carried a Morningstar rating of “three stars” or better, accounting for 84.3% of the approximately $5.6 billion of the acquired business’ assets under management. These ratings are based on past performance which may not be predictive of future results.
Following completion of the acquisition, Aston will be the administrator to the Target Funds, and as such, will be responsible for fund accounting, regulatory administration, and compliance of the Funds. Aston’s primary function will be oversight and review of the sub-administrator, who will perform the daily pricing and net asset value calculations, expense payment, budgeting and other treasury and administrative functions. Aston will also oversee the process for financial statements, regulatory filings, income and capital gain distributions and quarterly board meeting materials.
Following completion of the acquisition, Aston will be the investment adviser to the Target Funds. Consistent with current practice of the acquired business, in addition to providing advisory, sales, marketing, operation, compliance, and administration services to the Target Funds, Aston will oversee and monitor the investment processes of the sub-advisers to ensure compliance with the investment styles set forth in the fund prospectuses. The sub-advisers will continue to be responsible for the underlying research, security selection and portfolio management processes without the need for Aston to approve each trade. Aston will be responsible for identifying new investment managers in the marketplace that can be added to the mutual fund platform. These potential managers are screened by reviewing their investment process, the experience level and dept of the investment professionals, and the investment results relative to a benchmark. All of the Target Funds utilize sub-advisers. A key part of Aston’s business strategy is focusing on mutual fund sales, marketing, operations, compliance and administration and Aston has intentionally chosen not to have its own internal investment processes.
Business Strategy
The acquired business’ mutual fund platform is built upon providing marketing, compliance and other back office resources to sub-advisers that produce institutional quality investment products. In managing historical growth and planning for future growth, the acquired business has been, and will continue to be, guided by the following business strategies.
Maintain and Improve Investment Performance
The acquired business has a long-term record of achieving competitive, risk-adjusted returns on the mutual funds managed by its sub-advisers. Morningstar ranked the ABN AMRO Veredus Select Growth Fund in its equity style category’s top 10% in terms of one-year returns for 2003, 2004 and 2005. Additionally, 13 of the acquired business’ 19 funds carried at least a three star rating as of June 30, 2006. These ratings and rankings are based on past performance, which may not be predictive of future results. The acquired business’ key strategy is to maintain and improve its investment performance by actively monitoring its sub-advisers to ensure consistent application of the specifically mandated investment philosophy and process while the sub-advisers actively manage the acquired business portfolios to achieve distinct balances of risk and reward. In terms of improving performance, the acquired business will seek to partner with additional investment managers with proven track
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records as well as provide additional support to its current sub-advisers in order to improve the sub-advisers’ ability to generate competitive returns while maintaining acceptable levels of risk for clients.
Morningstar RatingsTM are a standard performance measure used in the mutual fund industry to evaluate the relative performance of similar mutual funds. The management of the acquired business believes that many investors rely heavily on Morningstar RatingsTM to select mutual funds in which to invest. As a result, management of the acquired business regularly uses Morningstar RatingsTM to evaluate the relative performance of its mutual funds. For each fund with at least a three-year history, Morningstar calculates a Morningstar RatingTM based on a Morningstar risk-adjusted return measure that accounts for variation in a fund’s monthly performance (including the effects of sales charges, loads and redemption fees), placing more emphasis on downward variations and rewarding consistent performance. The top 10% of funds in each category receive five stars, the next 22.5% receive four stars, the next 35% receive three stars, the next 22.5% receive two stars and the bottom 10% receive one star. (Each share class is counted as a fraction of one fund within this scale and rated separately, which may cause slight variations in the distribution percentages.) The overall Morningstar RatingTM for a fund is derived from a weighted-average of the performance figures associated with its 3-, 5- and 10-year (if applicable) Morningstar RatingTM metrics.
Selectively Expand the Acquired Business’ Investment Strategies
Since the introduction of its first equity funds in 1993, the acquired business has expanded its product offerings to include multiple strategies within the equity and fixed income asset classes. Historically, management of the acquired business has entered into sub-advisory agreements with qualified sub-advisers to create new products in response to demand in the market. The acquired business intends to continue to selectively expand its investment strategies where it believes the application of its core competencies and process can produce attractive risk-adjusted returns. Highbury believes that by doing so the acquired business can enhance its ability to increase assets under management as well as augment and further diversify its sources of revenue.
Selectively Expand the Acquired Business’ Products and Distribution Relationships
The acquired business strives to develop investment products and distribution channels that best deliver its strategies to its clients. It sees continued opportunities to expand its investment products and relationships for the delivery of these products. The combination of capacity and the established investment performance track record creates potential to drive future growth. For example, its institutional client relationship management team continues to identify sources of demand for the funds working closely with a broad network of consultants and financial planners and providing information regarding the acquired business’ investment strategies and performance. It also continues to expand existing relationships and initiate new ones within a variety of channels for mutual funds, including 401(k) platforms, fund supermarkets, broker dealers and financial planners. These third party distribution resources support a variety of defined contribution plans and independent financial advisers with demand for the institutional quality institutional investment styles of the acquired business.
The acquired business’ current sales force includes 18 wholesalers which provides the acquired business with national distribution for new and existing products. Following the completion of the transaction, the acquired business’ status as an independent, open-architecture platform will enable it to incubate new products with a variety of investment management firms, regardless of their affiliations. Open-architecture refers to an investment platform that can distribute investment products that are advised or sub-advised by other firms. Previously, the Sellers had generally limited new advisory relationships to affiliates of the Sellers. This flexibility should allow the acquired business to establish additional mutual funds and new product lines with a broader range of existing and new sub-advisers.
The acquired business is currently developing additional business lines that offer opportunities for growth. For example, the Sellers currently maintain a separately managed account platform that had $176 million of
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assets under management as of June 30, 2006. In connection with the acquisition, the Sellers have agreed to seek the third-party consents necessary to transfer this platform to Aston. In addition, Aston and the Sellers are together exploring a line of principal-protected funds to be distributed on a joint-venture basis with a major international insurance company. The acquired business intends to use its family of investment products and distribution resources to leverage any such additional initiatives.
Build a Brand Name
The growth of the acquired business occurred under the Alleghany and the Sellers’ brands. With the addition of the Aston brand, co-branded with outstanding institutional sub-advisers, the acquired business intends to build upon the historical success of its strategy to enhance the credibility, reputation and acceptance of the Aston brand name.
Selectively Pursue Accretive Acquisitions
Aston’s management team expects that prudent, accretive acquisitions will be a source of growth for the acquired business in the future. The management team has substantial experience acquiring, integrating and managing investment management firms. In his former role as Executive Vice President of CT&T and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Alleghany Asset Management, Inc., Mr. Bilton was involved in the acquisition or founding of six investment management firms over ten years and also founded the mutual fund platform being acquired in this transaction. These initiatives helped fuel the growth of Alleghany’s investment businesses from Mr. Bilton’s arrival in 1986 until its sale to ABN AMRO in 2001. In Aston’s efforts to pursue accretive acquisitions in the future, the Aston management team and Highbury may elect to finance transactions using one or more of the following sources: capital from Highbury, external debt, seller financing or contingent payments. The members of Aston will not be required to make capital contributions towards additional acquisitions. If Highbury elects to fund acquisitions by Aston, it will only do so if the terms of such acquisitions, including any modifications to the Aston limited liability company agreement and specifically the allocation of revenue between Highbury and Aston, are considered by the board of directors of Highbury to be favorable to Highbury and its stockholders. Highbury also intends to seek acquisitions independent of Aston which may be funded by its revolving credit facility, other external borrowings, retained earnings (if any), raising of additional equity, and other sources of capital, including seller financing and contingent payments. The acquisition may be consummated if Highbury stockholders elect to convert no more than 1,546,666 shares of common stock to cash. If Highbury stockholders elect to convert up to 1,546,666 shares of common stock into cash in connection with the acquisition, upon consummation of the acquisition, Highbury expects to have outstanding borrowings of $1.6 million on its $12 million credit facility and no additional cash on hand prior to receipt of distributions from Aston. Any external debt, seller financing, or contingent payments would be obligations of Highbury. It is unlikely Aston will have any debt other than borrowings from Highbury, its corporate parent company.
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Assets Under Management
The acquired business’ funds have grown significantly over the past 13 years. As of June 30, 2006, the Target Funds had $5.6 billion of client assets under management. As of October 24, 2006, assets under management for the 19 mutual funds totaled $5.5 billion. On April 20, 2006, the date the asset purchase agreement was entered into, the Target Funds had $6.1 billion of client assets under management. The largest amount of client assets under management of the acquired business at the end of any calendar quarter was $7.3 billionat the end of the second quarter of2004. Assets under management have continued to decrease as a result of net asset outflows. Future net outflows and declines in the prices of securities would result in further decreases in assets under management. The following chart displays the historical growth since inception, of the acquired business’ assets under management (in billions).
Investment Strategies
The following table describes the acquired business’ investment strategies within the equity and fixed income asset classes:
| | | | | |
Asset Class | | Assets Under Management at June 30, 2006 (in millions) | | Description |
Equity | | $ | 5,306 | | Invests in a range of US and global companies of various market capitalizations under both growth and value disciplines. |
Fixed Income | | | 263 | | Invests primarily in corporate and government bonds |
| | | | | |
Total | | $ | 5,569 | | |
| | | | | |
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Investment Products
The acquired business markets its investment services to its clients through a variety of funds designed to suit a client’s individual investment needs. It introduced its first mutual fund in 1993 and today manages 19 no-load, open-end mutual funds, including 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds, with approximately $5.6 billion of assets under management as of June 30, 2006. The open-architecture platform currently utilizes seven different entities to manage the funds. Most recently, the acquired business entered into a sub-advisory agreement in June 2005 with River Road Asset Management LLC acting as adviser to its new Dynamic Growth and Small-Cap Value funds. The following table sets forth the assets under management, and overall Morningstar RatingTM for each mutual fund managed as of June 30, 2006.
| | | | | | | | | |
Fund | | Inception | | Assets Under Management ($m) | | Morningstar Category | | Rating |
Equity Funds: | | | | | | | | | |
Montag & Caldwell Growth | | 1994 | | $ | 2,194 | | Large-Cap Growth | | **** |
Growth | | 1993 | | | 933 | | Large-Cap Growth | | *** |
Veredus Aggressive Growth | | 1998 | | | 680 | | Small-Cap Growth | | ** |
Mid-Cap | | 1994 | | | 655 | | Mid-Cap Blend | | *** |
Value | | 1993 | | | 323 | | Large-Cap Value | | *** |
TAMRO Small-Cap | | 2000 | | | 193 | | Small-Cap Blend | | **** |
Real Estate | | 1997 | | | 106 | | Specialty-Real Estate | | *** |
Balanced | | 1995 | | | 66 | | Moderate Allocation | | ** |
River Road Small-Cap Value | | 2005 | | | 53 | | Small-Cap Value | | — |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced | | 1994 | | | 43 | | Moderate Allocation | | ** |
Veredus Select Growth | | 2001 | | | 32 | | Large-Cap Growth | | ***** |
TAMRO Large-Cap Value | | 2000 | | | 16 | | Large-Cap Value | | **** |
River Road Dynamic Equity | | 2005 | | | 8 | | Mid-Cap Value | | — |
Veredus Science Technology | | 2000 | | | 4 | | Specialty-Technology | | **** |
Mid-Cap Growth | | 2005 | | | 1 | | Mid-Cap Growth | | — |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Equity Funds | | | | | 5,306 | | | | |
| | | | |
Fixed Income Funds: | | | | | | | | | |
Bond | | 1993 | | | 149 | | Intermediate-Term Bond | | *** |
Municipal Bond | | 1993 | | | 63 | | Muni National Interim | | *** |
Investment Grade Bond | | 1995 | | | 29 | | Short-Term Bond | | **** |
High Yield | | 2003 | | | 21 | | High Yield Bond | | *** |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Fixed Income Funds | | | | | 263 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Funds | | | | $ | 5,569 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Fees and Revenues
The acquired business generates revenue by charging mutual funds an advisory fee and an administrative fee based on a percentage of invested assets. A portion of the fees are paid to the sub-advisers, to a third-party sub-administrator, and to third-party distribution partners. Each fund typically bears all expenses associated with its operation and the issuance and redemption of its securities. In particular, each fund pays investment advisory fees (to the acquired business), shareholder servicing fees and expenses, fund accounting fees and expenses, transfer agent fees, custodian fees and expenses, legal and auditing fees, expenses of preparing, printing and mailing prospectuses and shareholder reports to existing shareholders, registration fees and expenses, proxy and annual meeting expenses and independent trustee fees and expenses. The acquired business usually guarantees to newly organized funds that their expenses will not exceed a specified percentage of their net assets during an initial operating period. The acquired business absorbs all advisory fees and other mutual fund expenses in excess of these self-imposed limits in the form of expense reimbursements or fee waivers. The acquired business
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collects as revenue the advisory fee less reimbursements and waivers. As of June 30, 2006, the acquired business was reimbursing 13 mutual funds whose expenses exceed the applicable expense cap for the Fund. These Funds are Value; TAMRO Small Cap; Real Estate; River Road Small Cap; Veredus Select Growth; TAMRO Large Cap Value; River Road Dynamic Equity; Veredus Science Technology; Mid-Cap Growth; Bond; Municipal Bond; Investment Grade Bond; and High Yield.
Investment Performance
The following chart displays the annualized return of each fund for a one-, three-, five- and ten-year period as applicable for the periods ended June 30, 2006.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Annualized Return | |
Fund | | 1-Year | | | 3-Year | | | 5-Year | | | 10-Year | |
Equity Funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Montag & Caldwell Growth | | 6.56 | % | | 6.25 | % | | -0.04 | % | | 7.24 | % |
Growth | | 2.54 | % | | 6.19 | % | | -0.54 | % | | 7.91 | % |
Veredus Aggressive Growth | | 6.87 | % | | 13.71 | % | | -0.94 | % | | — | |
Mid-Cap | | 9.50 | % | | 13.60 | % | | 9.34 | % | | 12.05 | % |
Value | | 11.57 | % | | 14.84 | % | | 4.71 | % | | 7.46 | % |
TAMRO Small-Cap | | 18.33 | % | | 18.28 | % | | 12.69 | % | | — | |
Real Estate | | 22.06 | % | | 27.69 | % | | 19.94 | % | | — | |
Balanced | | 1.44 | % | | 4.86 | % | | 1.45 | % | | 7.27 | % |
River Road Small-Cap Value | | 24.85 | % | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced | | 2.94 | % | | 5.70 | % | | 1.11 | % | | 6.40 | % |
Veredus Select Growth | | 7.39 | % | | 15.49 | % | | — | | | — | |
TAMRO Large-Cap Value | | 7.41 | % | | 10.91 | % | | 5.02 | % | | — | |
River Road Dynamic Equity | | 14.95 | % | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Veredus Science Technology | | 15.65 | % | | 8.92 | % | | -0.95 | % | | — | |
Mid-Cap Growth | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Fixed Income Funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bond | | -1.15 | % | | 1.79 | % | | 3.93 | % | | 5.48 | % |
Municipal Bond | | 0.14 | % | | 1.55 | % | | 3.84 | % | | 4.42 | % |
Investment Grade Bond | | -0.25 | % | | 1.23 | % | | 3.88 | % | | 5.02 | % |
High Yield | | 3.59 | % | | 6.66 | % | | — | | | — | |
Distribution
Each of the funds has a distinct investment objective that has been developed as part of the acquired business’ strategy to provide a broad, comprehensive selection of investment opportunities. This strategy gives the acquired business access to many possible customers and distribution channels. The acquired business distributes its products to individuals and institutions. While institutions may invest directly through the acquired business, individuals generally purchase shares through retail financial intermediaries. All acquired business funds are sold exclusively on a no-load basis, i.e., without a sales commission. No-load mutual funds offer investors a low-cost and relatively easy method of investing in a variety of stock and bond portfolios. The acquired business’ “N” class of fund shares is sold through financial intermediaries. Those “N” class shares incur an additional annual expense equal to 0.25% of the Fund’s assets under management which is payable to the financial intermediaries for distribution and recordkeeping. The institutional “I” class of fund shares, however, bears no such fee.
The acquired business bears all advertising and promotion expenses for the funds. Its costs include advertising and direct mail communications to potential fund shareholders as well as a substantial staff and communications capability to respond to investor inquiries. Marketing efforts have traditionally been focused on
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fee based intermediaries, including due diligence teams, brokers, advisers, financial planners and consultants. The independent registered advisory channel as well as the 401(k) channel are a specific focus. In addition, the acquired business has a significant focus on marketing efforts toward participant-directed defined contribution plans such as 401(k) plans that invest in mutual funds. Advertising and promotion expenditures vary over time based on investor interest, market conditions, new investment offerings and the development and expansion of new marketing initiatives.
Technology and Intellectual Property
The day-to-day mutual fund technology of the acquired business is outsourced to PFPC, Inc. This includes fund accounting, sub-administration, custody and transfer agency functions. Sub-administration is the provision of services related to the administration of a mutual fund on an out-sourced basis. The business also utilizes a web based CRM system, which maintains contact information of both clients and prospects and is hosted by interlink ONE, Inc. The website of the acquired business is hosted by Sysys Corporation.
Competition
The acquired business faces substantial competition in every aspect of its business. Competitive factors affecting its business include brand recognition, business reputation, investment performance, quality of service and the continuity of client relationships. Fee competition also affects the business, as do compensation, administration, commissions and other expenses paid to intermediaries.
Performance and price are the principal methods of competition for the acquired business. Prospective clients and mutual fund shareholders will typically base their decisions on a fund’s ability to generate returns that exceed a market or benchmark index, i.e. its performance, and on its fees, or price. Individual mutual fund investors may also base their decision on the ability to access the mutual funds the acquired business manages through a particular distribution channel. Institutional clients are often advised by consultants who may include other factors in their decisions for these clients.
The acquired business competes with a large number of global and U.S. investment advisers, commercial banks, brokerage firms and broker-dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions. There are approximately 900 domestic investment advisers that manage assets in excess of $1 billion according to Money Market Directories and, according to the Investment Company Institute, mutual fund managers in the United States manage more than $8.1 trillion in over 8,000 funds. Aston will be considered a small to mid-sized investment advisory firm. Many competing firms are parts of larger financial services companies and attract business through numerous means including retail bank offices, investment banking and underwriting contacts, insurance agencies and broker-dealers. U.S. banks and insurance companies can now affiliate with securities firms. This has accelerated consolidation within the investment advisory and financial services businesses. It has also increased the variety of competition for traditional investment advisory firms with businesses limited to investing assets on behalf of institutional and individual clients. Foreign banks and investment firms have also entered the U.S. investment advisory business, either directly or through partnerships or acquisitions. A number of factors serve to increase the acquired business’ competitive risks:
| • | | some of the acquired business’ competitors have greater capital and other resources, and offer more comprehensive lines of products and services than the acquired business does; |
| • | | consolidation within the investment management industry, and the securities industry in general, has served to increase the size and strength of a number of its competitors; |
| • | | there are relatively few barriers to entry by new investment management firms, and the successful efforts of new entrants, including major banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions, have resulted in increased competition; and |
| • | | other industry participants will from time to time seek to recruit the acquired business’ investment professionals and other employees away from the business. |
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These and other factors could reduce the acquired business’ revenues and earnings and materially adversely affect its business. If the funds have poor performance relative to their peers, they could lose existing clients and may be unable to attract new clients. These factors may place the acquired business at a competitive disadvantage, reduce its earnings and revenues, and materially adversely affect its business. The acquired business cannot be sure that its strategies and efforts to maintain its existing assets and attract new business will be successful.
In order to grow the business, we must be able to compete effectively for assets under management. Specifically, the acquired business has historically competed principally on the basis of:
| • | | investment performance; |
| • | | quality of service provided to clients; |
| • | | brand recognition and business reputation; |
| • | | continuity of client relationships and of assets under management; |
| • | | continuity of its selling arrangements with intermediaries; |
| • | | continuity of advisory or sub-advisory agreements with excellent managers; |
| • | | the range of products offered; |
| • | | level of fees and commissions charged for services; and |
| • | | level of expenses paid to financial intermediaries related to administration and/or distribution. |
The acquired business has succeeded in growing aggregate assets under management, and it believes that it will continue to be able to do so by focusing on investment performance and client service and by developing new products and new distribution capabilities.
Facilities
The acquired business is currently located at 171 North Clark Street, 12th Floor, Chicago, IL 60601. However, following completion of the business combination, the acquired business plans to relocate to a new location in Chicago which is currently being identified.
Employees
As of June 30, 2006 the acquired business had 36 full-time employees, including four in senior management and administration, six in marketing and communications, 18 in sales and sales management and eight in operations and compliance. Additionally, three employees of AAAMHI will join Aston at the close of the transaction.
Legal Proceedings
In the normal course of business, the acquired business may be subject to various legal proceedings from time to time. Currently, there are no legal proceedings pending against the acquired business.
Regulation
Virtually all aspects of the acquired business are subject to extensive regulation in the United States at both the federal and state level. These laws and regulations are primarily intended to protect investment advisory clients and shareholders of registered investment companies. Under these laws and regulations, agencies that regulate investment advisers, such as the acquired business, have broad administrative powers, including the power to limit, restrict or prohibit an investment adviser from carrying on its business in the event that it fails to comply with such laws and regulations. Possible sanctions that may be imposed include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on engaging in certain lines of business for specified periods of time, revocation of investment adviser and other registrations, censures, and fines.
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Prior to closing Aston will be registered as an investment adviser with the SEC. As a registered investment adviser, it is subject to the requirements of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, or the Investment Advisers Act, and the SEC’s regulations thereunder, as well as to examination by the SEC’s staff. The Investment Advisers Act imposes substantive regulation on virtually all aspects of the acquired business’ advisory business and its relationship with its clients. Applicable requirements relate to, among other things, fiduciary duties to clients, engaging in transactions with clients, maintaining an effective compliance program, performance fees, solicitation arrangements, conflicts of interest, advertising, and recordkeeping, reporting and disclosure requirements. The Target Funds are registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act. The Investment Company Act imposes additional obligations, including detailed operational requirements on both the funds and their advisers. Moreover, an investment adviser’s contract with a registered fund may be terminated by the fund on not more than 60 days’ notice, and is subject to annual renewal by the fund’s board after an initial term of up to two years. The SEC is authorized to institute proceedings and impose sanctions for violations of the Investment Advisers Act and the Investment Company Act, ranging from fines and censures to termination of an investment adviser’s registration. The failure of the acquired business or registered funds advised by the acquired business to comply with the requirements of the SEC could have a material adverse effect on us. Under the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated pursuant to the federal securities laws, the acquired business is subject to periodic examination by the SEC.
In response to recent scandals in the financial services industry regarding late trading, market timing and selective disclosure of portfolio information, various legislative and regulatory proposals are pending in or before, or have been adopted by, the U.S. Congress and the various regulatory agencies that supervise our operations, including the SEC. Additionally, the SEC, the NASD and other regulators, as well as Congress, are investigating certain practices within the mutual fund industry.
The SEC has also adopted new rules requiring every registered fund to adopt and implement written policies and procedures designed to detect and prevent violations of federal securities law, to review these policies annually for adequacy and effectiveness, and to designate a chief compliance officer reporting directly to the fund’s board of directors or trustees. Registered advisers must also adopt a written compliance program to ensure compliance with the Investment Advisers Act and appoint a chief compliance officer. These compliance programs were required to be in place by October 5, 2004. Some of these compliance rules, as well as other new disclosure requirements that have recently been adopted, are intended to deal with abuses in areas of late trading and market timing of mutual funds. These new rules require additional and more explicit disclosure of market timing policies and procedures, as well as that funds have formal procedures in place to comply with their representations regarding market timing policies.
These regulatory and legislative initiatives, to the extent enacted or adopted, could have a substantial impact on the regulation and operation of mutual funds and investment advisers and could adversely affect the acquired business’ manner of operation and profitability. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to the Industry” for more information about how these proposals may materially adversely affect the acquired business.
The acquired business is subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, and to regulations promulgated thereunder, insofar as the Sellers are “fiduciaries” under ERISA with respect to benefit plan clients. ERISA and applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, impose certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA, prohibit certain transactions involving ERISA plan clients and provide monetary penalties for violations of these prohibitions. The acquired business’ failure to comply with these requirements could have a material adverse effect on its business.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF THE ACQUIRED BUSINESS
You should read this discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement”, our “Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information” and the combined financial statements of the acquired business and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this proxy. The information in this section contains forward-looking statements (see “Forward-Looking Statements”). Our actual results may differ significantly from the results suggested by these forward looking statements and from our historical results. Some factors that may cause our results to differ are described in the “Risk Factors” section of this proxy statement.
This discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting the combined operating results, financial conditions, liquidity and cash flows of the acquired business for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the acquired business’ fiscal 2005 audited combined financial statements and June 30, 2006 unaudited financial statements, each included elsewhere in this proxy statement, and the notes thereto.
On April 21, 2006, we included as an exhibit to a Form 8-K furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission selected financial information for the acquired business as of March 31, 2006 and for its 2005 fiscal year. That selected financial information was not audited and did not comply with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. This proxy statement contains audited financial statements for the acquired business that comply with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. You should refer to the audited financial statements included in this proxy statement in determining whether or not to vote in favor of the proposed acquisition of the acquired business rather than the selected financial information included in the Form 8-K.
The selected financial information included in Form 8-K was prepared by the Sellers in connection with the consolidation of financial information for the preparation of historical audited financial statements for the acquired business, and was intended to serve only as a general financial overview of the acquired business. The financial information was derived by the Sellers by parsing historical financial results for the Sellers, as a whole, and identifying revenues and expenses specifically related to the acquired business. The product of this exercise did not result in financial information that complied with generally accepted accounting principles nor had the financial information been audited by an independent accountant. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the selected financial information included in Form 8-K is reflective of the financial position or results of operations of the acquired business determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
We included the selected financial information in Form 8-K in order to assist shareholders with obtaining a preliminary understanding of the proposed acquisition of the acquired business. We included the shareholder presentation material as an exhibit to Form 8-K to comply with regulations under federal securities laws applicable to selective disclosure of information and solicitation of shareholders before furnishing of a proxy statement.
Overview
The acquired business was founded within Alleghany by Stuart Bilton and Kenneth Anderson in 1993 to manage open-end investment funds for retail and institutional clients in the United States. Originally, the acquired business employed investment advisers affiliated with its parent to manage the assets of the funds, while it centralized the distribution, marketing, reporting and other operations of the fund family. As the business developed, the acquired business created new mutual funds managed by experienced independent investment advisers. As of June 30, 2006, the acquired business managed 19 no-load mutual funds, comprised of 15 equity funds and four fixed income funds, with approximately $5.6 billion of assets under management. The acquired business currently utilizes seven different entities to manage the equity funds, of which five are affiliates of the
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Sellers and two are independent. Upon consummation of the transaction, Aston will enter into long-term contracts with each of these entities pursuant to which they will sub-advise the funds. The contracts with the Sellers affiliates will not be terminable by the sub-advisers for five years. One existing fixed income manager will be retained and the Trustees have recommended to the shareholders approval of two new managers to manage three fixed income funds. The acquired business’ relationship with the sub-advisers will also be supported by limited non-compete provisions and certain capacity guarantees in appropriate products to benefit the acquired business. This arrangement is intended to ensure that the investment philosophy and process guiding the mutual funds in the future are consistent with the historical investment philosophy and process, and we expect that it will help to ensure a stable ownership transition for the Target Funds.
As of June 30, 2006, 13 of the mutual funds carried an overall Morningstar Rating of three stars or better, including five four-star funds and one five-star fund. Three funds are relatively new and are not currently rated by Morningstar. The 15 equity funds are classified in seven of the nine Morningstar style boxes, giving the acquired business wide coverage of the public equity investment spectrum and diversified sources of revenue. The acquired business intends to expand its assets under management with a combination of internal growth, new product development and accretive acquisitions. Highbury believes the development of new products will provide growth in the future. New products may include:
| • | | Additional open-end mutual funds with current or new sub-advisers; |
| • | | An expanded separate account management program. |
A fund of funds is a fund that invests in other commingled investment funds. Closed-end funds are funds that do not offer daily liquidity for investor purchases and sales at net asset value, but rather is typically listed on an exchange in the secondary market. Wrap accounts are accounts offered by retail distribution firms that provide access to institutional investment management services without the use of a registered investment company. A separate account is an account managed for a single investor not commingled with the assets of other investors. In addition, the acquired business may be able to develop new distribution channels including:
| • | | Arrangements with banks and insurance companies which, like ABN AMRO, elect to divest their mutual fund operations but enter into agreements with Aston to service their customers; or |
| • | | Wholesalers focused on the traditional retail broker channel. |
Key Operating Measures
We use the following key measures to evaluate and assess our business:
| • | | Assets Under Management. The acquired business is the investment manager for 19 open-end mutual funds, comprised of 15 equity and four fixed income funds. The acquired business generates revenues by charging each fund investment advisory and administrative fees (collected in monthly installments), each of which are equal to a percentage of the daily weighted average assets under management of the fund. Assets under management change on a daily basis as a result of client investments and withdrawals and changes in the market value of securities held in the mutual funds. As such, we carefully review net asset flows into the mutual funds, trends in the equity markets and the investment performance of the mutual funds, both absolutely and relative to their peers, to monitor their effects on the overall level of assets under management. |
| • | | Total Revenue. Total revenue is equal to the sum of the advisory fees and the administrative fees earned by the business in a given period. After the consummation of the acquisition, we will operate the acquired business under a revenue sharing structure through which Highbury will receive a fixed percentage of the total revenue and interest income earned by the acquired business. |
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| • | | Weighted Average Fee Basis. The weighted average fee basis is equal to the total revenue earned in a specific period divided by the weighted average assets under management for that period. Since each fund has a different fee schedule, the weighted average fee basis provides management with a single indicator of the business’ ability to generate fees on its total assets under management across all funds. |
| • | | Total Operating Expenses. The total operating expenses represent the fixed operating expenses of the acquired business. Except for marginal changes in staffing, which lead to changes in the compensation expense, the majority of these expenses do not adjust proportionately with total assets under management. We monitor total operating expenses relative to the net revenue (our total revenue less distribution and sub-advisory fees we pay) of the acquired business to ensure we have sufficient operating margin to cover the fixed expenses of the operation. After the consummation of the transaction, we expect total operating expenses (including distribution and sub-advisory costs) to equal 72% of the total revenue of the acquired business, as provided in Aston’s limited liability company agreement. |
Description of Certain Line Items
Following is a description of additional components of certain line items from our consolidated financial statements:
| • | | Advisory Fees, Net. The acquired business generates advisory fees based on a fixed percentage of the daily weighted-average assets under management for each fund, and receives these fees on a quarterly basis. For many funds, the acquired business provides an expense cap which guarantees to investors that the total expenses of a fund will not exceed a fixed percentage of the total assets under management. For small funds, the fixed expenses for fund accounting, client reporting, printing and other expenses, when combined with the investment advisory fees and administrative fees, cause a fund’s total expenses to exceed the expense cap. In such cases, the acquired business reimburses the funds for the excess fixed expenses or waives a portion of the investment advisory fee, so as to keep the total expenses of the fund at or below the expense cap. The advisory fees of the acquired business include investment advisory fees from all of the funds, net of all fee waivers and expense reimbursements. |
| • | | Total Distribution and Advisory Costs. The acquired business has contracted on a non-exclusive basis with nearly 400 different institutions to sell its mutual funds, in exchange for a distribution fee, to retail and institutional investors. These distribution fees are generally equal to a fixed percentage of the assets invested by the retail or institutional investor. In addition, the acquired business employs third-party investment managers to perform the security research and investment selection processes for each of its mutual funds. Under this arrangement, the acquired business pays the third-party investment manager a sub-advisory fee, generally equal to 50% of the advisory fees for the mutual fund, net of fee waivers, expense reimbursements, and applicable distribution fees paid under the distribution agreements discussed above. Total distribution and advisory fees represent the largest component of expenses for the acquired business. Since these fees are generally based on total assets under management, they increase or decrease proportionately with total assets under management. |
| • | | Compensation and Related Expenses. The acquired business currently employs 36 full-time employees whom Aston intends to hire after the consummation of the transaction. The compensation and related expenses of the acquired business include the base salaries, incentive compensation, health insurance, retirement benefits and other costs related to the employees of the business. These expenses increase and decrease with the addition or termination of employees of the business. |
| • | | Related Party Expense Allocations. The most significant components of related party expense allocations include human resources, office space, data processing, accounting, operational, and other support services. |
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| • | | Other Operating Expenses. The most significant components of other operating expenses include professional fees, occupancy, marketing and advertising, voice and data communication and travel and entertainment expenses. |
Impact of Inflation
The total revenue generated by the acquired business is directly linked to the total assets under management within the acquired business’ 19 mutual funds. The total assets under management increase or decrease on a daily basis as a result of appreciation or depreciation in the financial markets and net asset flow from investors. While long-term returns in the financial markets have historically exceeded the rate of inflation, this may not be the case going forward. The total operating expenses of the acquired business are likely to be directly affected by inflation.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historically, the acquired business has funded its business activities almost exclusively with operating cash flow. The acquired business has occasionally used capital from its parent company to finance the development of new mutual funds. These capital commitments have been used primarily to fund an initial capital investment in the new mutual funds. Because the acquired business, like most investment management businesses, does not require a high level of capital expenditures, such as for purchases of inventory, property, plant or equipment, liquidity is less of a concern than for a company that sells physical assets. Additionally, from time to time the acquired business has engaged in discussions relating to potential acquisitions of other companies in the investment management business. Other than the proposed transaction with Highbury, the acquired business has no present agreement, commitment or understanding with respect to any material acquisitions. Any future acquisitions may require that the acquired business obtain additional financing that will depend upon financing arrangements available at the time, if any.
As of June 30, 2006, the acquired business had cash and equivalents of $5.8 million and advisory and administrative fees receivable of $3.7 million. At this time, the acquired business also had accounts payable to affiliates of $1.4 million, accrued compensation and benefits of $0.5 million and other accrued liabilities of $0.8 million. Because the acquired business is able to finance its day-to-day operations with operating cash flow, it does not need to retain a significant amount of cash on its balance sheet. Historically, the amount of cash and equivalents held on the balance sheet of the acquired business has been primarily influenced by the motivations of its parent, AAAMHI. AAAMHI owns 100% of the acquired business, as well as several other affiliates which also have low capital requirements. As such, cash balances tend to build up in the affiliates until AAAMHI decides to transfer them. These periodic cash transfers cause the value of cash and equivalents held by the business to fluctuate widely and without correlation to the underlying operations of the acquired business. Going forward, we expect Aston will distribute all of its excess cash on a quarterly basis to its owners, so we do not expect large cash balances to accrue within Aston.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities. The cash flows from operating activities of the acquired business are comprised of two main items: net income (loss), and changes in assets and liabilities. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the acquired business produced net income of $1.8 million, as compared to net income of $0.2 million for the same period in 2005. For the first six months of 2006, total changes in assets and liabilities were $(0.8) million leading to net cash flows from operating activities of $1.0 million. This compares to $0.1 million of total changes in assets and liabilities and $0.3 million of cash flows from operating activities in the first six months of 2005. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the acquired business produced a net loss of $23.6 million, as compared with net income of $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 and $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The net loss for 2005 resulted primarily from a $13.3 million charge for goodwill impairment and a $10.4 million charge for intangible asset impairment. Changes in assets and liabilities were $(0.3) million leading to overall cash flows from operating activities of ($0.1) million for 2005. In 2004, the acquired business produced net income of $1.5 million and changes in assets and liabilities of $(0.1) million leading to net cash flows from operating activities of $1.4 million. For 2003, the acquired business produced net income of $0.6 million and changes in assets and liabilities of $(0.3) million leading to net cash flows from operating activities of $0.3 million.
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Cash Flow from Financing Activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the acquired business transferred $0.5 million to its parent, AAAMHI, on a net basis, and $0.1 million to AAAMHI during the six months ended June 30, 2005. For the year ended December 31, 2005, net cash generated by the financing activities of the acquired business was $2.2 million, compared to a use of $0.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2004 and receipts of $1.4 million in 2003. The cash provided in 2005 and 2003 was the result of net transfers of $2.2 million and $1.4 million from the parent of the acquired business, respectively. Cash used in 2004 included $2.5 million of dividends paid less $1.7 million of net transfers from the parent of the acquired business.
Contractual Obligations
As of June 30, 2006, the acquired business did not have any contractual obligations.
Off Balance Sheet Items
As of June 30, 2006, the acquired business did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The investment management business is, by its nature, subject to numerous and substantial risks, including volatile trading markets and fluctuations in the volume of market activity. Consequently, our net income and revenues are likely to be subject to wide fluctuations, reflecting the effect of many factors, including: general economic conditions; securities market conditions; the level and volatility of interest rates and equity prices; competitive conditions; liquidity of global markets; international and regional political conditions; regulatory and legislative developments; monetary and fiscal policy; investor sentiment; availability and cost of capital; technological changes and events; outcome of legal proceedings; changes in currency values; inflation; credit ratings; and the size, volume and timing of transactions. These and other factors could affect the stability and liquidity of securities and future markets, and the ability of the acquired business and other securities firms and counterparties to perform their obligations.
Critical Accounting Policies
The acquired business’ discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations for the purposes of this document are based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The acquired business’ significant accounting policies are presented in Note 2 to its audited combined financial statements, and the following summaries should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the related notes included in this proxy statement. While all accounting policies affect the financial statements, certain policies may be viewed as critical. Critical accounting policies are those that are both most important to the portrayal of the financial statements and results of operations and that require management’s most subjective or complex judgments and estimates. The acquired business’ management believes the policies that fall within this category are the policies related to principles of combination, goodwill, intangible assets and income taxes.
Principles of Combination. The accompanying combined statements of operations, cash flows and owner’s equity for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004, and 2005 have been prepared on a carve-out basis. The combined financial statements have been prepared from AAAM’s historical accounting records on a carve-out basis to include the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows applicable to the acquired business. The combined financial statements have been prepared as if the business had been a stand-alone operation, though they are not necessarily representative of results had the acquired business operated as a stand-alone operation. Revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities were derived from amounts associated with the
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acquired business in the AAAMHI financial records. The financial results include allocations based on methodologies that management believes are reasonable of corporate expenses from AAAMHI and allocations of other corporate expenses from AAAMHI’s parent company that may be different from comparable expenses that would have been incurred if the acquired business operated as a stand-alone business. Specifically, ABN AMRO Services Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO North America Holding Company, or AANAHC, provides the acquired business with certain IT, infrastructure and e-mail services. LaSalle Bank Corporation, also a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the acquired business with payroll, benefits, general ledger maintenance, internal audit and accounts payable services. These services are charged based upon utilized quantities (typically number of employees, number of transactions processed, hours worked). AAAMHI provides the acquired business with executive management, finance, human resources and personal trade compliance services. These services are charged based upon employee count or management time incurred. AAAMHI’s parent and its parent companies provide other executive management, technology, sales support, finance, compliance and human resources support services. These services are charged out on a formula basis that considers assets under management, number of employees and non-interest expense. The cost of these services is included under the caption “Related-party expense allocations” in the accompanying combined statements of operations. Certain cash receipts and cash payments related to the acquired business were handled through AAAMHI and affiliate cash accounts which are not included in the carve-out financial statements. “Net transfers from AAAMHI” in the combined statements of changes in owner’s equity reflects these cash transactions.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The acquired business has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. Intangible assets, comprising the estimated value of investment management contracts and goodwill included in the combined financial statements of the acquired business, relate to the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates including the acquired business. These amounts reflect management’s best estimate of a reasonable allocation to the acquired business of such amounts included in the financial records of AAAMHI. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 require that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment and require reporting units to be identified for the purpose of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill. The acquired business’ acquired intangible management contract asset related to the Target Funds is considered to be of an indefinite life as there is no foreseeable limit on the contract period. The acquired business conducts its annual testing of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment in the fourth quarter unless events warrant more frequent testing.
Valuation of Aston Management Members’ Interest. Highbury formed Aston Asset Management LLC on April 19, 2006 and became the sole member of Aston. In connection with Highbury and Aston entering into the asset purchase agreement, the limited liability company agreement of Aston was amended and each of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, Gerald Dillenburg, Christine Dragon, Joseph Hays, Betsy Heaberg, David Robinow and John Rouse (collectively referred to herein as the Aston management members) was admitted as a member of Aston. Highbury owns 65% of the membership interests of Aston, and the Aston management members own 35% of the membership interests of Aston.
Pursuant to the limited liability company agreement, 72% of the revenues, or the Operating Allocation, of Aston is allocated for use by the Aston management members to pay operating expenses of Aston, including salaries and bonuses. The remaining 28% of the revenues, or Owners’ Allocation, of Aston is allocated to the owners of Aston. The Owners’ Allocation is allocated among the members of Aston according to their relative ownership interests. Currently, 18.2% of total revenues is allocated to Highbury and 9.8% of total revenues is allocated to the Aston management members.
Following consummation of the acquisition, as a result of this amendment to the limited liability company agreement to admit the new members, Highbury will incur a one-time non-cash compensation expense of approximately $20.8 million for the value of such ownership interests. Since none of the Aston management members have any ownership interest in the acquired business, the value of the ownership grant was deemed to
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be compensatory in nature and not purchase price consideration. The following discussion outlines Highbury’s valuation of the Aston management members’ interests for the purposes of recognizing this expense.
Based on the purchase price of $38.6 million, our management team determined that the minimum value of Highbury’s 65% manager membership interest in Aston was $38.6 million, and therefore the minimum valuation for 100% of Aston was approximately $59.4 million. Our management team then concluded that the value of the Aston management members’ 35% interest was equal to the difference between these two values, or approximately $20.8 million.
The management members’ interest valuation described above is material as the impact of the estimates we used and assumptions we made will have a material impact on our operating results in the period the related charge is recorded. The calculation includes significant levels of subjectivity and judgment. Had we made different assumptions in our analysis, the resulting charge may have been significantly different. However, since the value of the management members’ interest will be expensed immediately, there will be no continuing effect on future operations. Highbury did not receive an appraisal from a third-party expert in arriving at its determination of the market value of the membership interests held by the Aston management members.
Recently Issued Pronouncements
Stock-Based Compensation. On December 16, 2004, FASB issued amended SFAS 123, “Accounting for Share-Based Payment,” or SFAS 123(R). SFAS 123(R) requires all companies to use the fair-value based method of accounting for stock-based compensation, and is in effect for the acquired business for its fiscal period beginning on January 1, 2006. SFAS 123(R) requires that all companies adopt either the modified prospective transition, or MPT, or modified retrospective transition, or MRT, method. Stock compensation expense calculated using the MPT approach would be recognized on a prospective basis in the financial statements over the requisite service period, while the MRT method allows a restatement of prior periods for amounts previously recorded as pro forma expense. The acquired business does not expect that the adoption of this standard to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
Six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to Six months ended June 30, 2005
In the first six months of 2006, the acquired business’ assets under management declined $761 million (12.0%) to $5.6 billion. In comparison, assets under management declined $456 million (6.3%) in the first six months of 2005 to $6.9 million. While the S&P 500 and the Russell Large Cap Growth Index were mixed during the first six months of 2006 (2.7% and (0.8%), respectively), assets under management declined primarily as a result of net client redemptions of $773 million. Management believes the net redemptions in the first six months are the result of investor concerns about recent relative performance trends in some of the acquired business’ large funds. In the first six months of 2005, the acquired business experienced net redemptions of $308 million.
As a result of lower average asset levels and continued net asset redemptions, net advisory fees declined from $25.0 million in the first six months of 2005 to $21.0 million in the first six months of 2006, a drop of 18.8%, and administrative fees decreased from $932,786 to $692,547. Total revenues for the first six months of 2006 decreased by $4.2 million, or 16.2%, to $21.7 million from $25.9 million in the first six months of 2005 as a direct result of the decline in net advisory fees. As a result of a shift in the composition of assets under management away from fixed income and into fixed income, the acquired business’ weighted average fee basis decreased from 0.40% to 0.73%.
Distribution and advisory costs declined by $5.7 million, or 26.2% in the first six months of 2006 from $21.7 million in the first six months of 2005 to $16.0 million. A 22.2% decline in payments to affiliates ($15.7
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million in the first six months of 2005 to $12.2 million in the first six months of 2006) was augmented by a 36.9% decrease in payments to non-affiliates ($6.0 million in the first six months of 2005 to $3.8 million in the first six months of 2006). Continued net redemptions in two of the acquired business’ large funds reduced distribution costs paid to affiliates, which are based on assets under management, by approximately $0.8 million relative to the prior period. The acquired business also paid approximately $2.4 million less for third-party distribution fees, relative to the first six months of 2005, as a result of lower average asset balances and the postponement of certain marketing activities during the sale process.
All other operating expenses declined $0.1 million in aggregate or 1.7% in the first six months of 2006 to $4.1 million from $4.2 million in the first quarter of 2005. Over this period, compensation expense decreased by $0.4 million from $2.6 million to $2.2 million and related party expense allocations increased only marginally. Other operating expenses rose by $0.3 million in the first six months of 2005.
Interest income rose to $150,279 in the first six months of 2006 from $48,913 in the first six months of 2005 as a result of higher interest rates earned on cash balances and higher overall cash balances.
In the first six months of 2006, net income was $1.8 million as compared to $0.2 million in the first six months of 2005.
Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to Year ended December 31, 2004
In 2005, the assets under management of the acquired business declined $900 million (12.4%) from $7.2 billion at the end of 2004 to $6.3 billion. During this period the acquired business experienced net client redemptions of $1.0 billion balanced by $100 million of positive market appreciation. Positive market appreciation means that the total net asset value of a fund, when excluding the effects of net client contributions, increased over a given period as a result of changes in the market value of securities held by the fund. The high level of redemptions resulted primarily from concerns about relative investment performance in one of the business’ large funds. Furthermore, the equity markets only posted moderate gains for the year with the S&P 500 advancing 4.9% and the Russell Large Cap Growth Index rising 5.3%. In 2004, for comparison, the S&P 500 advanced 10.9% and the Russell Large Cap Growth Index grew 6.7%.
As a result of lower average asset levels, net advisory fees declined in 2005 from $47.8 million in 2004 to $47.4 million. The effect of the net redemptions was balanced by an increase in the weighted average fee basis earned by the acquired business on its assets under management. The weighted average fee basis increased from 0.70% in 2004 to 0.72% in 2005 as a result of a shift in assets under management away from lower fee fixed income funds to higher fee equity funds. Administrative fees increased marginally from $1.4 million to $1.5 million. The acquired business negotiated lower sub-administration fee payments from a service provided in 2005 which increased the administrative fee margin earned. This renegotiation of fees more than offset the effect of the decline in total assets under management. For the year, total revenues decreased by $0.3 million, or 0.7%, to $48.9 million from $49.2 million in 2004.
Distribution and advisory costs declined by $0.5 million, or 1.3% in 2005 from $40.9 million in 2004 to $40.4 million. A 14.9% decline in payments to affiliates ($34.4 million in 2004 to $29.3 million in 2005) was offset by a 70.8% increase in payments to non-affiliates ($6.5 million in 2004 to $11.1 million in 2005). ABN AMRO sold its 401(k) business to Principal Financial on December 31, 2004. As a result of this divestiture, distribution fees paid by the acquired business to the 401(k) business were reclassified as payments to non-affiliates in 2005, whereas these payments were included in payments to affiliates in 2004. This is the primary reason for the shift in payments away from affiliates to non-affiliates relative to the prior period. In addition, the two funds sub-advised by non-affiliates experienced positive net sales in 2005 while the funds managed by affiliates experienced net redemptions.
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All other operating expenses rose by $25.5 million in 2005 to $32.3 million from $6.8 million in 2004, largely as a result of a $13.3 million charge for goodwill impairment and a $10.4 million charge for intangible asset impairment.
The acquired business has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (FAS 142). Intangible assets, comprising the estimated value of investment management contracts, and goodwill, included in the combined financial statements of the acquired business relate to the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates including the acquired business in 2001. These amounts reflect management’s best estimate of a reasonable allocation to the acquired business of such amounts included in the financial records of AAAMHI. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 require that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment and require reporting units to be identified for the purpose of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill. The acquired business’ acquired intangible management contract asset relates to the provision of investment advisory services to the Target Funds in exchange for fees that are based on a percentage of the average daily net assets of the funds. These management contracts were acquired in 2001 as part of the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates. The management contracts are subject to annual renewal by the Target Funds’ board of trustees which is expected to continue indefinitely since this has been the experience for the Funds as well as for the mutual fund industry as a whole. Accordingly, the acquired business’ acquired intangible assets related to the Target Funds are considered to be of an indefinite life as there is no foreseeable limit on the contract period. The acquired business conducts its annual testing of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, unless events warrant more frequent testing.
The facts and circumstances leading to the impairment charges to goodwill and intangible assets relate to management’s assessment of declines in net assets in the Target Funds resulting from net share redemptions and unfavorable investment performance trends in 2005. The fair value of the acquired business used to determine the impairment of goodwill was determined with reference to the expected proceeds to be received upon the sale of the acquired business to Highbury. The fair value of the intangible asset related to the investment management contracts used to determine the amount of impairment of the intangible asset, was determined based on a discounted cash flow analysis of the acquired contracts. No impairment of goodwill or intangibles was determined to be required for periods prior to 2005.
Over this period, compensation expense increased by $0.8 million from $4.4 million to $5.2 million (17.6%). The acquired business hired three employees at the end of 2004 and two more employees in the summer of 2005. These hires increased the compensation expense. ABN AMRO also decided to reclassify certain sales incentives, previously recorded in distribution and sub-advisory costs, as compensation in 2005. Related party expense allocations increased by $0.6 million from $1.9 million to $2.5 million (32.1%) as a result of a change in ABN AMRO’s internal expense allocation philosophy. Other operating expenses increased by $0.3 million to $0.8 million in 2005 from $0.5 million in 2004, an increase of 6.2%. This increase resulted primarily from increased legal fees related to the formation of three new funds in 2005 and a significant increase in international travel as a result of changes in ABN AMRO’s internal reporting structure.
Interest income rose to $133,524 in 2005 from $31,140 in 2004, as a result of higher cash balances held by Highbury and higher interest rates earned on those balances. The cash balances held by the acquired business are controlled by ABN AMRO. In 2005, ABN AMRO elected to allow cash to build in the acquired business’ accounts. Since the acquired business’s operating cash flow is sufficient to sustain its operations, it needs to retain very little capital. After the transaction, management does not expect to retain significant levels of cash in the acquired business.
Net loss for 2005 was $23.6 million as compared to net income of $1.5 million in 2004.
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Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003
The assets under management of the acquired business increased $300 million (4.6%) in 2004 to $7.2 billion from $6.9 billion at the end of 2003. During this period the acquired business had net asset outflow of $100 million while market appreciation of $400 million fueled growth of $300 million in total assets under management. Net asset redemptions in one of the Target Funds balanced net sales in the rest of the Target funds in 2004. These results followed an excellent year for the acquired business in 2003 wherein net sales ($1.0 billion) and positive market appreciation ($1.0 billion) led growth in total assets under management from $4.9 billion to $6.9 billion. In 2003, the S&P 500 advanced 28.7% and the Russell Large Cap Growth Index gained 29.7%.
As a result of higher average assets under management, net advisory fees increased by $9.3 million from $38.5 million in 2003 to $47.8 million while administrative fees increased by $0.2 million from $1.2 million in 2003 to $1.4 million. The acquired business also benefited from an increase in the weighted average fee basis from 0.67% in 2003 to 0.70% in 2004. This shift resulted from a decline in fixed income assets under management relative to equity assets under management. As a result, total revenues in 2004 increased by $9.5 million, or 24.1%, to $49.2 million from $39.7 million in 2003.
Distribution and advisory costs increased by $7.4 million, or 22.0%, in 2004 from $33.5 million in 2003 to $40.9 million. This increase was driven by a 16.2% increase in payments to affiliates ($29.6 million in 2003 to $34.4 million in 2004) and a 66.8% increase in payments to non-affiliates ($3.9 million in 2003 to $6.5 million in 2004). These increased expenses were directly driven by increased level of assets under management in 2004 relative to 2003.
All other operating expenses rose by $1.3 million or 22.9%, in 2004 to $6.8 million from $5.5 million in 2003. Over this period, compensation expense increased by $0.5 million from $3.9 million to $4.4 million (12.6%) as a result of increased expenses for employee benefits and four employees hired during 2004. Related party expense allocations increased by $0.7 million from $1.2 million to $1.9 million (54.1%). Other operating expenses increased by $0.1 million from $0.4 million in 2003 to $0.5 million in 2004. In 2004, increased expenses for travel and entertainment were partially offset by a decline in legal fees, as the acquired business did not create any new funds in 2004.
Interest income increased 52.4% in 2004 to $31,140 from $20,432 in 2003 as a result of higher average cash balances.
Net income for 2004 was $1.5 million as compared to $0.6 million in 2003.
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DIRECTOR ELECTION PROPOSAL
We are asking our shareholders to elect Russell L. Appel to serve on our Board of Directors for a three-year term of office or until his respective successor is elected and qualified. Our Board has nominated Russell L. Appel as director. Mr. Appel has agreed to serve as a director if elected.
Our nominee is currently serving as a director. The term of office of Russell Appel expires on the date of the 2006 shareholder meeting. All of our current board members have served on our board since our inception.
The persons named as proxies in the accompanying form of proxy have advised us that at the meeting they will vote for the election of Russell L. Appel, unless a contrary direction is indicated. If Russell L. Appel becomes unavailable for election to our Board of Directors for any reason, the persons named as proxies have discretionary authority to vote for one or more alternative nominees designated by our Board of Directors.
No arrangement or understanding exists between Mr. Appel and any other person or persons pursuant to which Mr. Appel was or is selected to be a director.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
HIGHBURY FOLLOWING THE ACQUISITION
Our current executive officers are, and following the acquisition will be, subject to Russell L. Appel’s election, as follows:
| | | | |
Name | | Age | | Position |
R. Bruce Cameron | | 50 | | Chairman of the Board |
Richard S. Foote | | 43 | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
R. Bradley Forth | | 27 | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
Russell L. Appel | | 45 | | Director |
R. Bruce Cameron, CFAhas been our chairman of the board since our inception. Mr. Cameron has been the president and chief executive officer of Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, a New York–based investment banking firm, since its formation in May 2004. Mr. Cameron co–founded Berkshire Capital Corporation, the predecessor firm to Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, in 1983 as the first independent investment bank covering the financial services industry, with a focus on investment management and capital markets firms. Mr. Cameron is responsible for the overall development and direction of the firm and is actively involved in working with the firm’s major clients. Mr. Cameron heads the firm’s management committee and is a frequent speaker at industry conferences and events. Mr. Cameron and his partners have advised on approximately 203 mergers and acquisitions of financial services companies, including high net worth managers, institutional investment managers, mutual fund managers, real estate managers, brokerage firms, investment banks and capital markets firms with aggregate client assets under management of nearly $376 billion and aggregate transaction value in excess of $9.1 billion. Mr. Cameron is the managing member of Broad Hollow LLC, which owns 776,250 shares of our common stock and 75,000 of our units. Prior to forming Berkshire Capital Corporation, Mr. Cameron was an associate director of Paine Webber Group Inc.’s Strategic Planning Group from 1982 through 1983. At Paine Webber, Mr. Cameron executed several internal acquisitions for the company. Mr. Cameron began his career at Prudential Insurance Company from 1978 through 1980, working first in the Comptroller’s Department and then in the Planning & Coordination Group. Mr. Cameron was graduated from Trinity College, where he received a B.A. in Economics, and from Harvard Business School, where he received an M.B.A. Mr. Cameron also attended the London School of Economics. Mr. Cameron is a CFA charterholder and is on the membership committee of the New York Society of Security Analysts. Mr. Cameron is a director of Capital Counsel LLC in New York City, a high net worth investment management firm he advised when it was established. Mr. Cameron is a Fellow of the Life Management Institute. He is also a past trustee of the Securities Industry Institute.
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Richard S. Foote, CFAhas been our president and chief executive officer and a member of our board of directors since our inception. Mr. Foote has been a managing director of Berkshire Capital Securities LLC since its formation in May 2004 and a managing director, principal and vice president of Berkshire Capital Corporation, the predecessor firm to Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, since 1994. Throughout his career, Mr. Foote has specialized in providing investment banking services to the financial services industry, including mergers and acquisitions, public offerings and private placements of debt and equity securities, and negotiation and implementation of private equity capital coinvestment commitments. At Berkshire Capital Securities LLC and its predecessor, Mr. Foote has advised owners of institutional equity and fixed income managers, high net worth managers, mutual fund managers and capital markets firms in mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Foote has developed the firm’s alternative investment management industry practice, with the dominant market share in mergers and acquisitions of real estate investment management and services firms and operating companies. Since 1994, Mr. Foote has advised on 26 completed mergers and acquisitions of financial services companies, including high net worth managers, institutional investment managers, mutual fund managers, real estate managers, brokerage firms, investment banks and capital markets firms with aggregate client assets under management of approximately $107 billion and aggregate transaction value of $2.0 billion. Mr. Foote is a director of Berkshire Capital and serves on its compensation committee, commitment committee and technology committee. From 1991 through 1994, Mr. Foote was a co–founder and partner of Knightsbridge Capital Partners, a partnership engaged in investment banking and merchant banking activities. From 1985 to 1991, Mr. Foote was a vice president, an associate, and an analyst in the investment banking division of PaineWebber Incorporated, primarily working on mergers, acquisitions and the issuance of equity and debt securities. Mr. Foote was graduated from Harvard College, cum laude, in 1985 with an A.B. in Economics. Mr. Foote is a CFA charterholder and a member of the CFA Institute, the New York Society of Security Analysts, the Pension Real Estate Association and the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries.
R. Bradley Forth, CFAhas been our executive vice president, chief financial officer and secretary since our inception. Mr. Forth has been an associate at Berkshire Capital Securities LLC since its formation in May 2004 and an associate and analyst at Berkshire Capital Corporation, the predecessor firm to Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, since 2001. Mr. Forth has specialized in merger, acquisition and valuation advisory activities for institutional investment managers, high net worth managers, multi–family offices, mutual fund managers, hedge fund of funds managers, retail brokerage firms and real estate investment management and services firms. Mr. Forth has advised on 15 mergers and acquisitions of financial services companies with aggregate transaction value of $1.2 billion. He was graduated from Duke University in 2001 with a B.S. in Economics and a B.A. in Chemistry. Mr. Forth is a CFA charterholder and a member of the CFA Institute and the New York Society of Security Analysts.
Russell L. Appelhas been a member of our board of directors since our inception. Mr. Appel is a founder and the president of The Praedium Group LLC, a private equity real estate investment firm focusing on underperforming and undervalued assets throughout North America that began operations as a part of Credit Suisse First Boston, now known as Credit Suisse. In 1991, Mr. Appel established a team at Credit Suisse to acquire distressed real estate assets for Credit Suisse’s proprietary account. As a result of this group’s achievements, Praedium was formed in 1994 as a third–party investment management group affiliated with Credit Suisse. Since 1991, Praedium has raised over $2 billion of equity capital in a series of private equity vehicles. The firm’s clients include public and corporate pension plan sponsors, foundations, endowments, and other institutional and high net worth individual investors. In 1999, Praedium separated from Credit Suisse and presently operates as an independent investment firm. In addition to his responsibilities with Praedium, Mr. Appel ran Credit Suisse’s Commercial Mortgage Finance business from 1991 to 1994, where he became a managing director. At Credit Suisse, Mr. Appel supervised the execution of numerous commercial and multi–family asset securitization and sale advisory assignments. Prior to joining Credit Suisse in 1991 and his association with Praedium, Mr. Appel was a vice president in the Real Estate Department of Goldman Sachs & Co. from 1986 to 1991. At Goldman Sachs, he was involved in real estate–related sales, financings, mergers and acquisitions and capital markets transactions. Mr. Appel holds a B.S. in Economics, magna cum laude, and an M.B.A. with distinction from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Mr. Appel is the treasurer of the Pension Real Estate Association and serves on its board of directors.
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Our board of directors has three directors and is divided into three classes with only one class of directors being elected in each year and each class serving a three–year term. The term of office of the first class of directors, consisting of Russell L. Appel, will expire at our upcoming annual meeting of stockholders. The term of office of the second class of directors, consisting of R. Bruce Cameron, will expire at the second annual meeting. The term of office of the third class of directors, consisting of Richard S. Foote, will expire at the third annual meeting. Each of our current directors has served on our board since our inception on July 13, 2005.
Independence of Directors
Highbury currently is not required to have a majority of independent directors. Highbury currently does not have, and after the acquisition, will not have, a majority of independent directors. Should Highbury decide to list on a securities exchange, it will be required to adhere to the independence requirements of that exchange.
Code of Ethics
Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all our officers, directors and employees, if any.
Information Regarding our Board of Directors and its Committees
Our Board of Directors acted by written consent during fiscal 2005. Although Highbury does not have any formal policy regarding director attendance at annual stockholder meetings, Highbury will attempt to schedule its annual meetings so that all of its directors can attend. Highbury expects its directors to attend all board and committee meetings and to spend the time needed and meet as frequently as necessary to properly discharge their responsibilities.
Audit Committee. We are currently not an operating company and, therefore, have not established an audit committee. Our entire Board of Directors currently carries out the functions customarily undertaken by the Audit Committee.
Compensation Committee. Our entire Board of Directors currently carries out the functions customarily undertaken by the Compensation Committee.
Nominating Committee. Our Board of Directors does not have a formal policy for selection of nominees. The members of Board of Directors make recommendations on the basis of our best interests. Our Board of Directors has not utilized any third parties in the selection of nominees. No candidates have been nominated during fiscal 2005 by a stockholder holding 5% or more of our common stock.
EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
No executive officer has received any compensation for services rendered. No compensation of any kind, including finder’s and consulting fees, will be paid by us to any of our initial stockholders, including our officers and directors, or any of their respective affiliates, for services rendered prior to or in connection with a business combination. However, these individuals will be reimbursed for any out–of–pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations and Berkshire Capital will receive $7,500 per month for office space and general and administrative services. There is no limit on the amount of out–of–pocket expenses and there will be no review of the reasonableness of the expenses by anyone other than our board of directors, which includes persons who may seek reimbursement, or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged. If all of our directors are not deemed “independent,” we will not have the benefit of independent directors examining the propriety of expenses incurred on our behalf and subject to reimbursement. Our entire board of directors made decisions relating to the compensation of our executive officers described above. Since our IPO, we have reimbursed $28,743 of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by our executive officers prior to our IPO. Such expenses have been accounted for as offering expenses in connection with our IPO.
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During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, the directors did not receive any cash compensation for their service as members of the board of directors. Highbury currently has no intention to pay any compensation or fees to any of our officers or directors, although our board may elect to do so in the future. Highbury cannot provide a time frame for which this intention extends because the board of directors cannot predict possible future requirements of Highbury (such as substantially increased business operations) or future personal career decisions of each officer or director (such as relocation or retirement decisions) subsequent to the closing of the acquisition. The current officers and directors are motivated toward the success of Highbury due to their significant ownership interests in Highbury, which will appreciate in the event of success. In addition, the Company believes that its officers and directors view the success of the Company as having a positive impact on their reputations in the marketplace. In light of the amount of consideration paid by Highbury’s officers and directors they will likely benefit even if an event, including the acquisition, causes the market price of Highbury’s securities to significantly decrease.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP AND REPORTING COMPLIANCE
The Form 3 filed by R. Bradley Forth, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, in connection with our initial public offering, which was required to be filed no later than January 25, 2006, the day of the effectiveness of our IPO, was not electronically transmitted to the SEC until after 10:00 p.m. on January 25, and therefore has a filing date of January 26, 2006.
AUDIT FEES
The firm of Goldstein Golub Kessler LLP (“GGK”) acts as our principal accountant. Through September 30, 2005 GGK had a continuing relationship with American Express Tax and Business Services Inc. (“TBS”), from which it leased auditing staff who were full time, permanent employees of TBS and through which its partners provide non-audit services. Subsequent to September 30, 2005, this relationship ceased and the firm established a similar relationship with RSM McGladrey, Inc. (“RSM”). GGK has no full time employees and therefore, none of the audit services performed were performed by permanent full-time employees of GGK. GGK manages and supervises the audit and audit staff, and is exclusively responsible for the opinion rendered in connection with its examination. We did not pay any fees to GGK or RSM for services that fall under the categories “Audit Related Fees,” “Tax Fees,” or “All Other Fees,” as such categories are defined in the rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The following is a summary of fees paid or to be paid to GGK and RSM for services rendered.
Fees incurred in connection with our initial public offering including related amounts totaled $42,500. In addition, as of June 30, 2006 we incurred approximately $39,805 in fees for services provided in connection with our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB and our investigation and pursuit of the transaction with the Sellers.
Pre-Approval of Fees
Our full Board of Directors is responsible for appointing, setting compensation, and overseeing the work of the independent auditor. In recognition of this responsibility, the Board of Directors has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent auditor.
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DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF
ASTON FOLLOWING THE ACQUISITION
Aston’s current directors and executive officers are, and, following the acquisition, will be as follows:
| | | | |
Name | | Age | | Position |
Stuart D. Bilton | | 59 | | Chairman of the Management Committee and Chief Executive Officer |
Kenneth C. Anderson | | 42 | | President and Member of the Management Committee |
Gerald F. Dillenburg | | 39 | | Chief Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Member of the Management Committee |
Christine R. Dragon | | 36 | | Chief Administrative Officer |
Stuart D. Bilton, CFA will serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Aston. In 1993, he was responsible for founding the CT&T Funds with Kenneth Anderson. These funds were later rebranded as the Alleghany Funds. Mr. Bilton has been associated with ABN AMRO Asset Management and its predecessors and/or affiliates since 1972. He served as President and Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings Inc. (AAAMHI) from 2001 to 2003 and is currently the Vice Chairman of AAAMHI. Mr. Bilton was President and Chief Executive Officer of Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. prior to its acquisition by ABN AMRO. Alleghany Asset Management, Inc. was the parent company of Blairlogie Capital Management, Chicago Capital Management, Chicago Deferred Exchange Corporation, Chicago Trust Company, Montag & Caldwell, TAMRO Capital Partners and Veredus Asset Management. He is currently Chairman of the ABN AMRO Funds and is a Director of Veredus, TAMRO, River Road Asset Management, and Baldwin & Lyons, Inc. He earned a B.Sc. (Econ) from the London School of Economics in 1967 and an M.S. degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1970.
Kenneth C. Anderson, CPA will serve as President of Aston. Mr. Anderson is currently the President and Chief Executive Officer of the fund business and Executive Vice President and Director of Mutual Funds for AAAMHI. Mr. Anderson serves on the executive committee of AAMHI and the boards of Veredus Asset Management and TAMRO Capital Partners, subsidiaries of AAAMHI. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s International and Sales Force Committees and a past Chairman of the Board of Governors for the Mutual Fund Education Alliance. Prior to launching the Alleghany Funds in 1993, Mr. Anderson specialized in the Financial Services Practice at KPMG. He received a B.B.A. degree in Accounting from Loyola University of Chicago. He holds a series 6 and 63 license with the NASD. Mr. Anderson spent six years serving as a director for his community United Way board and four years as a founding director of The Caring Place near Loyola University, a Ronald McDonald House.
Gerald F. Dillenburg, CPAwill be Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer of Aston. In this role he will be responsible for the preparation of financial statements of Aston and compliance for both Aston and the funds. Mr. Dillenburg has been with ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc. (AAIFS) and its predecessors since 1996 where he has been the Compliance Officer and Director of Operations of the ABN AMRO Funds. In addition, he is the Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer of the Funds. He is a Senior Managing Director of AAIFS, which is the Administrator to the Funds, as well as a Senior Managing Director of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s Chief Compliance Officer and Operations Committees. Prior to 1996, he was at KPMG LLP since 1989 in the audit division specializing in investment companies and mutual funds. He had just been promoted to senior manager at the time of his departure in June of 1996. He is a graduate with high honors from the University of Illinois at Champaign with a B.S. degree in Accountancy in 1989.
Christine R. Dragon will be the Chief Administrative Officer of Aston. Prior to joining Aston, Christine was with ABN AMRO Asset Management since 1993. Prior to the acquisition of Alleghany in 2001, she worked
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as a portfolio assistant in the equity group and then later in the money market area assisting the portfolio manager with investing funds in the short-term market. In this role she was also a back-up to the fixed income trader where she established relationship with brokers and learned the bond trading business. From 2001 to 2004 she worked in the finance area of AAAMHI, and since December, 2004 she has worked with Stuart Bilton on acquisitions and divestitures. Prior to joining AAAMHI, Christine financed her education by working at DePaul University as a project manager of the Kellstadt Center for Marketing Analysis and Planning. She earned a B.S. degree in Finance from DePaul University in 1993.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Prior Share Issuances
On August 1, 2005, we issued 1,500,000 shares of our common stock to the persons set forth below for an aggregate of $25,000 in cash, at an average purchase price of approximately $0.0167 per share. These shares were allocated as follows:
| | | | |
Name | | Number of Shares | | Relationship to Us |
R. Bruce Cameron | | 150,000 | | Chairman of the Board |
Richard S. Foote | | 450,000 | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
R. Bradley Forth | | 75,000 | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
The Hillary Appel Trust | | 75,000 | | Stockholder |
The Catey Lauren Appel Trust | | 75,000 | | Stockholder |
Broad Hollow LLC | | 675,000 | | Stockholder |
Subsequent to the issuance of the 1,500,000 shares, we authorized a stock dividend of 0.15 shares of common stock for each outstanding share of common stock as of January 13, 2006.
We consider Messrs. Appel, Cameron, Foote and Forth to be our promoters, as such term is defined within the rules promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act. TEP and EBC are assisting us in our efforts to consummate the acquisition without charge, however, upon consummation of the acquisition, Highbury will pay TEP and EBC up to approximately $673,333, plus accrued interest net of taxes payable, less approximately $0.11 for each share of Highbury’s common stock that is converted in connection with the deferred non-accountable expense allowance. TEP and EBC may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies for the annual meeting.
The holders of the majority of these shares are entitled to make up to two demands that we register these shares and any warrants they may own, pursuant to an agreement signed on January 31, 2006. The holders of the majority of these shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after the date on which their shares of common stock are released from escrow on the third anniversary of the initial public offering. In addition, these stockholders have certain “piggy–back” registration rights on registration statements filed subsequent to such date. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
All of the shares of our common stock outstanding prior to the date of the prospectus for our IPO were placed in escrow with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as escrow agent, and will not be released until the earliest of:
| • | | three years following the date of the closing of our initial public offering (January 31, 2009); |
| • | | the consummation of a liquidation, merger, stock exchange, stock purchase or other similar transaction which results in all of our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property subsequent to our consummating a business combination with a target business. |
During the escrow period, the holders of these shares are not able to sell or transfer their securities except among our initial stockholders (including upon exercise by Broad Hollow of its call options), to their spouses and children or trusts established for their benefit, by virtue of the laws of descent and distribution, upon the death of any initial stockholder or pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order but retain all other rights as our
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stockholders, including, without limitation, the right to vote their shares of common stock and the right to receive cash dividends, if declared. If dividends are declared and payable in shares of common stock, such dividends will also be placed in escrow. If we are unable to effect a business combination and liquidate, none of our initial stockholders will receive any portion of the liquidation proceeds with respect to common stock owned by them prior to the date of this prospectus.
If we are unable to complete a business combination and are forced to dissolve and liquidate, Richard Foote, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, and R. Bruce Cameron, our Chairman of the Board, have each agreed to be personally liable for ensuring that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced by the claims of vendors for services rendered or products sold to us as well as claims of prospective target businesses for fees and expenses of third parties that we agree in writing to pay in the event we do not complete a combination with such business. However, Messrs. Foote and Cameron may not be able to satisfy those obligations. Based on Highbury’s estimated debts and obligations, it is not currently expected that Mr. Foote and Mr. Cameron will have any exposure under this arrangement in the event of liquidation.
In connection with any vote required for our initial business combination, all of our initial stockholders, including all of our officers, have agreed to vote the shares of common stock owned by them, whether acquired in the private placement, the offering or the aftermarket, in the same manner as the majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO, and in favor of our dissolution in the event we do not complete a business combination within the time frames described in this proxy statement.
In August of 2005, we issued an aggregate of $70,000 interest-free promissory notes to our initial stockholders as follows:
| | | |
Name | | Principal Amount |
R. Bruce Cameron | | $ | 7,000 |
Richard S. Foote | | | 21,000 |
R. Bradley Forth | | | 3,500 |
The Hillary Appel Trust | | | 3,500 |
The Catey Lauren Appel Trust | | | 3,500 |
Broad Hollow LLC | | | 31,500 |
These notes were repaid upon consummation of our IPO on January 31, 2006.
Our initial stockholders purchased an aggregate of 166,667 units in the private placement contemporaneously with the IPO. The shares and warrants comprising such units may not be sold, assigned or transferred by them until after we consummate a business combination. Our initial stockholders have agreed to waive their right to conversion in connection with our initial business combination and to waive their right to receive any liquidation distributions with respect to such shares in the event we fail to consummate a business combination.
Conflicts of Interest
Our public stockholders should be aware of the following potential conflicts of interest:
| • | | Our officers and directors are not required to commit their full time to our affairs and, accordingly, they may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time among various business activities. |
| • | | R. Bruce Cameron, our chairman of the board, Richard S. Foote, our president, chief executive officer and director, and R. Bradley Forth, our executive vice president, chief financial officer and secretary are employees or equity owners of Berkshire Capital Securities LLC, a registered broker–dealer that provides financial advisory services to clients in connection with mergers and |
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| acquisitions in the financial services industry. Berkshire Capital’s clients may compete with us for acquisitions in the financial services industry, and Berkshire Capital may have a duty to present certain acquisition opportunities to its clients before it presents them to us. |
| • | | Russell L. Appel, one of our directors, is the president of The Praedium Group LLC, a real estate investment firm, and he may have a duty to present certain acquisition opportunities in the real estate investment management area to Praedium or affiliated entities before he presents them to us. |
| • | | Our officers and directors may in the future become affiliated with entities, including other blank check companies, engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us and Aston. |
| • | | Because our directors own shares of our common stock that will be released from escrow only if a business combination is completed and purchased shares in the private placement, that are subject to a lock–up agreement until after the consummation of our initial business combination, and as to which they have waived their conversion and liquidation distribution rights, our board may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is appropriate for a business combination. The personal and financial interests of our directors and officers may have influenced their motivation in identifying and selecting the acquired business, and may influence their motivation in completing the acquisition in a timely manner and securing the release of their stock. |
| • | | None of our officers, directors or initial stockholders will receive any compensation for their due diligence efforts, other than reimbursement of any out–of–pocket expenses they incur on our behalf while performing due diligence of the acquired business and other prospective target businesses. Any reimbursement of out–of–pocket expenses would occur at our discretion. To the extent such out–of–pocket expenses exceed the available proceeds not deposited in the trust account, such out–of–pocket expenses would not be reimbursed by us unless we consummate a business combination in which it is agreed that the resulting company would assume the liability for such reimbursement. Consequently, the financial interest of our officers and directors could influence their motivation in selecting a target business and determining whether a particular business combination is in the public stockholders’ best interest. Since our IPO, we have reimbursed $28,743 of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by our executive officers prior to our IPO. Such expenses have been accounted for as offering expenses in connection with our IPO. |
| • | | Berkshire Capital has agreed that, commencing on January 25, 2006 through the consummation of our initial business combination, it will make available to us such office space and certain general and administrative services as we may require from time to time. We have agreed to pay Berkshire Capital $7,500 per month for these services. Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Forth, our key executives, are affiliated with Berkshire Capital. As a result of these affiliations, these individuals will benefit from the transaction to the extent of their interest in Berkshire Capital. However, this arrangement is solely for our benefit and is not intended to provide any of our executive officers compensation in lieu of a salary. We believe, based on rents and fees for similar services in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area, that the fee charged by Berkshire Capital is at least as favorable as we could have obtained from an unaffiliated third party. However, as our directors may not be deemed “independent,” we did not have the benefit of disinterested directors approving this transaction or the extension of the agreement after closing as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Conflicts of Interest.” |
In general, officers and directors of a corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware are required to present business opportunities to a corporation if:
| • | | the corporation could financially undertake the opportunity; |
| • | | the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; and |
| • | | it would not be fair to the corporation and its stockholders for the opportunity not to be brought to the attention of the corporation. |
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Accordingly, as a result of certain business affiliations, our officers and directors may have similar legal obligations relating to presenting business opportunities meeting the above–listed criteria to multiple entities. For example, Messrs. Cameron and Foote, our chairman of the board, and president, chief executive officer and director, respectively, and Russell L. Appel, our director, may have preexisting fiduciary or contractual obligations that arise as a result of their affiliations with Berkshire Capital and Praedium, respectively. In addition, certain of our directors serve on the boards of various companies in the financial services industry. Conflicts of interest may arise when an officer or member of our board evaluates a particular business opportunity which, under the above–listed Delaware criteria, should be presented to us. We cannot assure you that any of these conflicts will be resolved in our favor.
In order to minimize potential conflicts of interest that may arise from multiple corporate affiliations, each of our officers and directors has agreed in principle, until the earliest of a business combination, our liquidation or such time as he ceases to be an officer or director, to present to us for our consideration, prior to presentation to any other entity, any business opportunity which may reasonably be required to be presented to us under Delaware law, subject to any other fiduciary or contractual obligations he may have. This agreement would no longer apply after successful consummation of the acquisition of the acquired business.
The initial stockholders have agreed to waive their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution occurring upon our failure to consummate a business combination, with respect to those shares of common stock acquired by them prior to our IPO and with respect to the shares included in the 166,667 units our initial stockholders purchased in the private placement contemporaneously with the IPO. The shares and warrants included in these units are subject to a lock–up on transferability until after consummation of our initial business combination. Our initial stockholders will participate in any liquidation distribution with respect to any shares of common stock they acquired subsequent to our IPO. In connection with the vote required for the acquisition, all of our initial stockholders, including all of our officers, have agreed to vote the shares of common stock owned by them, whether acquired in the private placement, the offering or the aftermarket, in the same manner as the majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares of common stock issued in the IPO.
We will reimburse our officers and directors for any out–of–pocket business expenses incurred by them in connection with certain activities on our behalf such as identifying and investigating possible target businesses and business combinations. There is no limit on the amount of accountable out–of–pocket expenses reimbursable by us, which will be reviewed only by our board or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged. To the extent such out–of–pocket expenses exceed the available proceeds not deposited in the trust account, such out–of–pocket expenses would not be reimbursed by us unless we consummate a business combination. Between our IPO and June 30, 2006, our officers have not incurred any out-of-pocket expenses in connection with pursuit of an initial business combination. All expenses for travel, entertainment or other expenses incurred in connection with the pursuit of our initial business combination have been paid or accrued directly by Highbury and have been reflected on the Company’s financial statements.
No compensation or fees of any kind, including finders and consulting fees, will be paid to any of our initial stockholders, officers or directors, or any of their affiliates, including Berkshire Capital and Praedium, who owned our common stock prior to our IPO other than under the general and administrative services arrangement with Berkshire Capital, for services rendered to us prior to or with respect to our initial business combination, any reimbursable out–of–pocket expenses payable to our officers and directors and as described in the following paragraph.
Broad Hollow LLC, which is the record owner of 851,250 shares of our common stock, has the right to call, on a ratable basis, up to 5% of the shares of our common stock held prior to the offering by Messrs. Cameron, Foote and Forth and the Appel trusts at a price per share of approximately $0.61, exercisable during the 30–day period following the closing of our initial business combination. If the call option is exercised, Broad Hollow, in the discretion of its managing member, may grant bonuses in cash, Broad Hollow membership interests or shares of our common stock owned by Broad Hollow to any party in connection with our initial business combination or any other acquisition made by us. This arrangement is intended to compensate those parties, if any, who participate in the due diligence, structuring and negotiation of a business combination. Broad Hollow will use its
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own funds to exercise the call option and grant cash bonuses, if any. We will make no payments or issue any of our shares in connection with this arrangement. Messrs. Foote and Cameron and eight other equity owners and employees of Berkshire Capital are the members of Broad Hollow. Broad Hollow is an affiliate of ours due to its ownership interest in us.
All ongoing and future transactions between us and any of our officers and directors or their respective affiliates, including loans by our officers and directors, will be on terms believed by us to be no less favorable than are available from unaffiliated third parties and such transactions or loans, including any forgiveness of loans, will require prior approval in each instance by a majority of our uninterested “independent” directors (to the extent we have any) or the members of our board who do not have an interest in the transaction, in either case who had access, at our expense, to our attorneys or independent legal counsel. We will base our determination as to whether a transaction is no less favorable to us that would be available from any affiliated third parties on proposals we solicit from third parties, taking into account in addition to price the quality of the third parties and scope of the transactions described in such proposals, and our knowledge of the financial services industry.
DESCRIPTION OF HIGHBURY SECURITIES FOLLOWING THE ACQUISITION
Market Price and Dividend Data for Highbury Securities
Highbury consummated its IPO on January 31, 2006. In the IPO, Highbury sold 7,743,333 units. Each unit consists of one share of common stock and two redeemable common stock purchase warrants, each to purchase one share of Highbury common stock. Highbury common stock, warrants and units are quoted on the OTCBB under the symbols HBRF, HBRFW and HBRFU, respectively. Highbury units commenced public trading on January 25, 2006, and its common stock and warrants commenced separate public trading on March 1, 2006. The over–the–counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily reflect actual transactions. Prior to January 26, 2006, there was no established public trading market for our units. Prior to March 1, 2006, there was no established public trading market for our common stock or warrants.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Units | | Common Stock | | Warrants |
| | High | | Low | | High | | Low | | High | | Low |
Quarter ended March 31, 2006 | | $ | 6.75 | | $ | 6.00 | | $ | 5.59 | | $ | 5.32 | | $ | 0.66 | | $ | 0.53 |
Quarter ended June 30, 2006 | | $ | 8.72 | | $ | 6.79 | | $ | 6.05 | | $ | 5.95 | | $ | 1.31 | | $ | 0.69 |
Quarter ended September 30, 2006 | | $ | 7.40 | | $ | 6.70 | | $ | 5.65 | | $ | 5.46 | | $ | 0.83 | | $ | 0.61 |
The closing price for each share of common stock, warrant and unit of Highbury on April 20, 2006, the last trading day before announcement of the execution of the asset purchase agreement, as amended, was $5.55, $0.65 and $6.82, respectively.
Holders
As of August 1, 2006, there was one holder of record of the units, seven holders of record of the common stock and one holder of record of the warrants. Highbury believes the beneficial holders of the units, common stock and warrants to be in excess of 25 persons each.
Dividends
Highbury has not paid any cash dividends on its common stock to date and does not intend to pay dividends prior to the completion of the acquisition. It is the present intention of the board of directors to retain all earnings, if any, for use in business operations, and accordingly, the board does not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future. The payment of any dividends will be within the discretion of the board of directors and will be contingent upon revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial conditions.
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MISCELLANEOUS
Shareholder Proposals
Any shareholder proposal intended to be presented at the 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders must be received by Highbury not later than for inclusion in our proxy statement and form of proxy for that meeting. Such proposals should be directed to the attention of Secretary, Highbury Financial Inc., 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202. If a shareholder notifies Highbury in writing prior to , 2007 that he or she intends to present a proposal at our 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, the proxy holders designated by the Board of Directors may exercise their discretionary voting authority with regard to the shareholder’s proposal and the proxy holder’s intentions with respect to the proposal. If the shareholder does not notify Highbury by such date, the proxy holders may exercise their discretionary voting authority with respect to the proposal without inclusion of such discussion in the proxy statement.
Shareholder Communication with our Board
Any communications from shareholders to our Board of Directors must be addressed in writing and mailed to the attention of the Board of Directors, c/o Corporate Secretary, Highbury Financial Inc., 999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000, Denver, Colorado 80202. The Corporate Secretary will compile the communications, summarize lengthy or repetitive communications and forward these communications to the directors, in accordance with the judgment of our Chairman of the Board. Any matter relating to our financial statements, accounting practices or internal controls should be addressed to Richard S. Foote.
Other Matters
We do not intend to bring before the meeting for action any matters other than those specifically referred to in this proxy statement, and we are not aware of any other matters which are proposed to be presented by others. If any other matters or motions should properly come before the meeting, the persons named in the proxy intend to vote on any such matter in accordance with their best judgment, including any matters or motions dealing with the conduct of the meeting.
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB
A copy of Highbury’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 is being mailed to each shareholder together with this proxy statement.
EXPERTS
The combined financial statements of the acquired business at December 31, 2005 and 2004 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005, included in this proxy statement, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements of Highbury at December 31, 2005 and for the period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005, included in this proxy statement have been audited by Goldstein Golub Kessler LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
Representatives of Ernst & Young LLP and Goldstein Golub Kessler LLP, will be present at the stockholder meeting or will be available by telephone with the opportunity to make statements and respond to appropriate questions.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
Highbury files reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. You may read and copy reports, proxy statements and other information filed by Highbury with the SEC at the SEC public reference room located in Washington, D.C. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain copies of the materials described above at prescribed rates by writing to the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may access information on Highbury at the SEC web site containing reports, proxy statements and other information at: http://www.sec.gov.
Information and statements contained in this proxy statement, or any annex to this proxy statement incorporated by reference in this proxy statement, are qualified in all respects by reference to the copy of the relevant contract or other annex filed as an exhibit to this proxy statement or incorporated in this proxy statement by reference.
If you would like additional copies of this document, or if you have questions about the acquisition, you should contact:
Richard S. Foote
Highbury Financial Inc.
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000
Denver, CO 80202
Tel: (303) 357-4802
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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. MUTUAL FUND BUSINESS OF ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC.
COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited Combined Financial Statements
| | |
| |
Report of Independent Auditors | | F-1 |
| |
Combined Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 | | F-2 |
| |
Combined Statements of Operations for years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 | | F-3 |
| |
Combined Statements of Changes in Owner’s Equity for years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 | | F-4 |
| |
Combined Statements of Cash Flows for years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 | | F-5 |
| |
Notes to Combined Financial Statements | | F-6 |
| |
Unaudited Combined Financial Statements | | |
| |
Combined Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | | F-12 |
| |
Combined Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 | | F-13 |
| |
Combined Statements of Changes in Owner’s Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 | | F-14 |
| |
Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 | | F-15 |
| |
Notes to Unaudited Combined Financial Statements | | F-16 |
| |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. | | |
| |
Audited Financial Statements | | |
| |
Report of Independent Auditors | | F-23 |
| |
Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | | F-24 |
| |
Statements of Operations for periods from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005, from January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006, and from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006 | | F-25 |
| |
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity from December 31, 2005 to January 31, 2006 | | F-26 |
| |
Statements of Cash Flows for periods from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005, from January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006, and from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006 | | F-27 |
| |
Notes to Financial Statements | | F-28 |
| |
Unaudited Combined Financial Statements | | |
| |
Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | | F-34 |
| |
Condensed Statements of Operations for periods from January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2006 and from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 | | F-35 |
| |
Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity from December 31, 2005 to June 30, 2006 | | F-36 |
| |
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for periods from January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2006 and from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 | | F-37 |
| |
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements | | F-38 |
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Directors
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying combined statements of financial condition of the U.S. Mutual Fund Business of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (the Business) as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related combined statements of operations, changes in owner’s equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Business’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Business’ internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Business’ internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the combined financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the U.S. Mutual Fund Business of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the combined results of its operations, changes in its owner’s equity and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Ernst & Young LLP
Chicago, Illinois
May 25, 2006
F-1
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Financial Condition
December 31, 2005 and 2004
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
Assets | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,239,747 | | $ | 3,158,266 |
Advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 4,074,486 | | | 4,193,370 |
Goodwill | | | 10,518,750 | | | 23,862,800 |
Other intangible assets | | | 22,045,000 | | | 32,470,533 |
Other assets | | | 1,635 | | | 3,159 |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 41,879,618 | | $ | 63,688,128 |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities and owner’s equity | | | | | | |
Accounts payable—affiliates | | $ | 2,266,559 | | $ | 2,844,195 |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | 648,625 | | | 943,836 |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 954,318 | | | 478,959 |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 3,869,502 | | | 4,266,990 |
| | |
Owner’s equity | | | 38,010,116 | | | 59,421,138 |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and owner’s equity | | $ | 41,879,618 | | $ | 63,688,128 |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-2
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | 2003 |
Revenues | | | | | | | | | | |
Advisory fees, net | | $ | 47,380,780 | | | $ | 47,808,972 | | $ | 38,499,123 |
Administration fees | | | 1,546,294 | | | | 1,438,991 | | | 1,178,412 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 48,927,074 | | | | 49,247,963 | | | 39,677,535 |
| | | |
Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | |
Distribution and advisory costs: | | | | | | | | | | |
Affiliates | | | 29,313,775 | | | | 34,426,160 | | | 29,637,704 |
Other | | | 11,091,977 | | | | 6,492,457 | | | 3,893,365 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total distribution and advisory costs | | | 40,405,752 | | | | 40,918,617 | | | 33,531,069 |
| | | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 5,194,449 | | | | 4,416,624 | | | 3,920,966 |
Related-party expense allocations | | | 2,493,741 | | | | 1,888,156 | | | 1,225,238 |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | — |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | — |
Other | | | 824,522 | | | | 510,540 | | | 400,599 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 72,688,047 | | | | 47,733,937 | | | 39,077,872 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (23,760,973 | ) | | | 1,514,026 | | | 599,663 |
Interest income | | | 133,524 | | | | 31,140 | | | 20,432 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) before taxes | | | (23,627,449 | ) | | | 1,545,166 | | | 620,095 |
Income tax provision (benefit) | | | — | | | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (23,627,449 | ) | | $ | 1,545,166 | | $ | 620,095 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-3
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Changes in Owner’s Equity
December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at January 1, 2003 | | $ | 56,681,718 | |
Net income | | | 620,095 | |
Net transfers from AAAMHI | | | 1,407,219 | |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at December 31, 2003 | | | 58,709,032 | |
Net income | | | 1,545,166 | |
Dividends to parent | | | (2,500,000 | ) |
Net transfers from AAAMHI | | | 1,666,940 | |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at December 31, 2004 | | | 59,421,138 | |
Net loss | | | (23,627,449 | ) |
Net transfers from AAAMHI | | | 2,216,427 | |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 38,010,116 | |
| | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-4
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (23,627,449 | ) | | $ | 1,545,166 | | | $ | 620,095 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flow provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill impairment | | | 13,344,050 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Intangible asset impairment | | | 10,425,533 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Increase) decrease in advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 118,884 | | | | (314,046 | ) | | | (486,119 | ) |
(Increase) decrease in other assets | | | 1,524 | | | | 2,797 | | | | 3,657 | |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable—affiliates | | | (577,636 | ) | | | 56,767 | | | | 582,552 | |
Increase (decrease) in accrued compensations and benefits | | | (295,211 | ) | | | 165,019 | | | | 10,526 | |
Increase (decrease) in other accrued liabilities | | | 475,359 | | | | (35,007 | ) | | | (450,697 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flow provided by (used in) operating activities | | | (134,946 | ) | | | 1,420,696 | | | | 280,014 | |
| | | |
Financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends paid | | | — | | | | (2,500,000 | ) | | | — | |
Transfers from AAAMHI, net | | | 2,216,427 | | | | 1,666,940 | | | | 1,407,219 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | | 2,216,427 | | | | (833,060 | ) | | | 1,407,219 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 2,081,481 | | | | 587,636 | | | | 1,687,233 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 3,158,266 | | | | 2,570,630 | | | | 883,397 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 5,239,747 | | | $ | 3,158,266 | | | $ | 2,570,630 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-5
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying combined financial statements include the U.S. Mutual Fund Business of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (AAAMHI) (the Business). The principal operations of the Business relate to investment advisory, administrative and distribution services provided to certain registered investment companies comprising ABN AMRO Funds (the Funds) and a small number of managed accounts of AAAMHI. The Business is included in the consolidated financial statements of AAAMHI, a wholly owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holding N.V. (AAAMHNV), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (ABN AMRO). Pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement (the Agreement), dated as of April 20, 2006, AAAMHI and its wholly owned subsidiaries and certain other affiliated entities (ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management Inc. (AAAM), Montag & Caldwell, Inc. (Montag), TAMRO Capital Partners LLC (TAMRO), Veredus Asset Management LLC (Veredus), and River Road Asset Management, LLC (River Road)) agreed to sell the Business to Highbury Financial Inc. (Highbury) for an aggregate cash purchase price of $38.6 million. Upon completion of the sale transaction, certain members of the Business’ management and staff will join Highbury. Additionally, a newly formed subsidiary of Highbury, Aston Asset Management LLC, will become adviser to the Funds, which will be re-named the Aston Funds. AAAMHI and certain affiliates who are currently the advisers to the Funds will continue to provide advisory services to the Funds after completion of the sale but in a sub-advisory capacity. A senior officer of AAAMHI and two other individuals not involved in the Business have also agreed to join Highbury in connection with the acquisition of the Business.
The combined financial statements have been prepared from AAAMHI’s historical accounting records on a carve-out basis to include the historical financial position, results of operations, and cash flows applicable to the Business. The combined financial statements exclude all continuing operations of AAAMHI and its affiliated entities listed in the preceding paragraph that will be retained by the sellers. The combined financial statements have been prepared as if the Business had been a stand-alone operation, though they are not necessarily representative of results had the Business operated as a stand-alone operation, and it is not practicable to estimate what those expenses would have been on a stand-alone basis. Revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities were derived from amounts associated with the Business in the AAAMHI financial records. The financial results include allocations based on methodologies management believes are reasonable of corporate expenses from AAAMHI and other U.S. affiliates and allocations of other corporate expenses from AAAMHI’s parent company that may be different from comparable expenses that would have been incurred if the Business operated as a stand-alone business. Specifically, ABN AMRO Services Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC (see note 7), provides the Business with certain IT, infrastructure and e-mail services. LaSalle Bank Corporation, also a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with payroll, benefits, general ledger maintenance, internal audit and accounts payable services. These services are charged based upon utilized quantities (typically number of employees, number of transactions processed, hours worked). AAAMHI provides the Business with executive management, finance, human resources and personal trade compliance services. These services are charged based upon employee count or management time incurred. AAAMHI’s parent and its parent companies provide other executive management, technology, sales support, finance, compliance and human resources support services. These services are charged out on a formula basis that considers Assets Under Management, number of employees and non-interest expense. The cost of these services is included under the caption “Related-party expense allocations” in the accompanying combined statements of operations. Certain cash receipts and cash payments related to the Business were handled through AAAMHI and affiliate cash accounts, which are not included in the carve-out financial statements. These amounts have been accounted for as net capital contributions to the Business and are reflected as “Net transfers from AAAMHI” in the combined statements of changes in owner’s equity and the combined statements of cash flows reflects these cash transactions.
F-6
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
Preparation of the combined financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported financial statement amounts and accompanying notes. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Combination
The accompanying combined statements of financial condition, operations, cash flows, and owner’s equity of the Business for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 have been prepared on a carve-out basis (see Note 1).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash in banks and investments in money market mutual funds.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Business has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (FAS 142). Intangible assets, comprising the estimated value of investment management contracts, and goodwill, included in the combined financial statements of the Business relate to the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates including the Business. These amounts reflect management’s best estimate of a reasonable allocation to the Business of such amounts included in the financial records of AAAMHI. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 require that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment and require reporting units to be identified for the purpose of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill. The Business’ acquired intangible management contract asset relate to the provision of investment advisory services to the Funds in exchange for fees that are based on a percentage of the average daily net assets of the funds. These management contracts were acquired in 2001 as part of the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates. The management contracts are subject to annual renewal by the Funds’ board of trustees which is expected to continue indefinitely since this has been the experience for the Funds as well as for the mutual fund industry as a whole. Accordingly, the Business’ acquired intangible assets related to the Funds are considered to be of an indefinite life as there is no foreseeable limit on the contract period. The Business conducts its annual testing of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment annually in the fourth quarter unless events warrant more frequent testing.
Revenue Recognition
The Business derives its revenues from investment advisory and administrative services provided to the Funds and a limited number of managed accounts of AAAMHI. Based on the terms of the advisory and administrative agreements in place that set out fees to be earned as a stated percentage of assets under management, advisory and administrative fees are recognized in revenue in the period such services are performed unless facts and circumstances would indicate that collectibility of the fees are not reasonably assured. Expense reimbursements to certain of the Funds in accordance with agreements are reported as an offset to investment advisory fees. Such reimbursements totaled $2,106,263, $2,126,553, and $2,337,713 in 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively.
F-7
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
Distribution and Advisory Costs
Included in distribution and advisory costs in the accompanying financial statements are fees paid to AAAMHI and its affiliates and other nonaffiliated entities pursuant to contracts related to the management and distribution of the Funds and managed account assets. Such costs are recorded in the period incurred.
The Funds pay five affiliates of AAAMHI (Montag, AAAM, TAMRO, Veredus and River Road) investment advisory fees pursuant to management contracts with these entities under which the affiliates provide investment advisory services to the Funds. AAAM also pays two third-party investment management firms, MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. and Optimum Investment Advisors, LLC, investment sub-advisory fees pursuant to management contracts with these entities under which these independent firms provide investment sub-advisory services to two of the Funds. The Business, generally through ABN AMRO Distribution Services (USA) Inc. (the Distributor), has entered into nearly 400 selling/service agreements through which independent third parties sell the Business’ Funds and/or provide other services to their clients in exchange for certain payments. Unless paid by the Distributor pursuant to the Funds’ Rule 12b-1 Plan, these payments, as well as certain sales and marketing costs, are included within distribution and advisory costs.
Income Taxes
The Business is a component of AAAMHI and as such was a component of the consolidated income tax return of AAAMHI or an affiliate of AAAMHI for the years presented in these financial statements. However, for the purpose of the preparation of these financial statements, the Business is considered a stand-alone entity, and any required provision for federal and state income taxes has been determined accordingly. The provision for federal and state income taxes is comprised of two components, current and deferred income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial and tax reporting bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using currently enacted rates and laws. Deferred tax assets are recognized subject to management’s judgment that realization is more likely than not.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities included in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition approximate fair values due to their short-term nature.
3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets at December 31, 2005 and 2004, included in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition are shown net of accumulated amortization of $1,553,200 and $2,113,467 recorded prior to 2002 and the adoption of FAS 142. Impairment charges of approximately $10.4 million of intangible assets and $13.3 million of goodwill were recorded by the Business in 2005 in accordance with FAS 142.
The facts and circumstances leading to the impairment charges to goodwill and intangible assets relate to management’s assessment of declines in net assets in the Funds resulting from net share redemptions and unfavorable investment performance trends. The fair value of the Business used to determine the impairment of goodwill was determined with reference to the expected proceeds to be received upon the sale of the Business. The fair value of the intangible asset related to the investment management contracts used to determine the amount of impairment of the intangible asset, was determined based on a discounted cash flow analysis of the acquired contracts. No impairment of goodwill or intangibles was determined to be required for periods prior to 2005.
F-8
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
4. Distribution and Advisory Costs
Distribution and advisory costs in the accompanying combined statement of operations consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31 |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
Advisory costs: | | | | | | | | | |
AAAMHI affiliates | | $ | 28,666,296 | | $ | 29,602,273 | | $ | 24,955,320 |
Third party sub-advisers | | | 2,541,836 | | | 1,819,916 | | | 1,312,058 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total advisory costs | | | 31,208,132 | | | 31,422,189 | | | 26,267,378 |
| | | |
Distribution costs: | | | | | | | | | |
AAAMHI affiliates | | | 647,479 | | | 4,823,887 | | | 4,682,384 |
Nonaffiliates | | | 8,550,141 | | | 4,672,541 | | | 2,581,307 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total distribution costs | | | 9,197,620 | | | 9,496,428 | | | 7,263,691 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total distribution and advisory costs | | $ | 40,405,752 | | $ | 40,918,617 | | $ | 33,531,069 |
| | | | | | | | | |
5. Income Taxes
A reconciliation of the differences between the total income tax provision (benefit) and the amounts computed at the statutory federal tax rate of 35% for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31 | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
Income tax provision (benefit) at statutory federal income tax rate | | $ | (8,269,608 | ) | | $ | 540,808 | | | $ | 217,033 | |
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | | | (1,181,372 | ) | | | 77,258 | | | | 31,005 | |
Valuation allowance adjustment | | | 9,450,980 | | | | (618,066 | ) | | | (248,038 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for income taxes | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The current and deferred portion of the total provision for income taxes above was $0 for each of the respective years.
The components of the net deferred tax balances as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | | |
Net operating loss carryforwards | | $ | 6,560,728 | | | $ | 5,020,085 | |
Goodwill and intangibles | | | 3,107,833 | | | | — | |
Other | | | 36,654 | | | | 34,150 | |
Less valuation allowance | | | (9,705,215 | ) | | | (254,235 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance | | | — | | | | 4,800,000 | |
| | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill and intangibles | | | — | | | | 4,800,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred taxes | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-9
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
The need for a valuation allowance to reduce federal and state deferred tax assets and net operating losses has been determined as if the Business was a stand-alone entity. As such, management believes it is more likely than not that these items will not be realized.
6. Benefit Plans
Pension Plans
ABN AMRO Bank sponsors a noncontributory, defined-benefit pension plan covering substantially all U.S. salaried employees. Assets held by the plan consist primarily of shares of registered investment companies and pooled trust funds. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $158,252, $184,799, and $125,552 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively.
Profit-Sharing and Savings Plan
ABN AMRO Bank sponsors a profit-sharing and savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, covering substantially all U.S. salaried employees. Under the plan, employee contributions are partially matched by the respective ABN AMRO Bank subsidiary. In addition, the respective ABN AMRO Bank subsidiary may allocate a portion of its net profits to employees’ accounts in the plan. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $135,344, $186,598, and $221,785 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively.
Group Welfare Plan
ABN AMRO Bank provides welfare and life insurance benefits to substantially all U.S. salaried employees and their dependents. The amount charged to expense includes welfare benefits paid to participants, net of participant contributions, and administrative costs. Life insurance premiums paid to insurance companies are recognized as an expense when paid. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $201,441, $233,458, and $207,356 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003.
7. Related-Party Transactions
ABN AMRO is a Dutch bank with operations around the world. With respect to its asset management business in the United States, ABN AMRO has two primary wholly-owned subsidiaries, ABN AMRO North America Holding Company (AANAHC) and AAAMHNV. AAAMHNV owns 100% of AAAMHI, and the assets of the Business are owned in their entirety by AAAMHI. In the ordinary course of business, the Business utilizes investment advisory services provided by several affiliated entities. Five subsidiaries of AAAMHI, including Montag (100% owned), AAAM (100% owned), TAMRO (100% owned), Veredus (50% owned) and River Road (45% owned), currently serve as investment advisors to the Funds. The Funds pay the investment advisors an advisory fee, net of any fee waivers and expense reimbursements, and the advisors pay the Business a fixed percentage of the net advisory fees for administrative and distribution services. The payments made to affiliated entities, which provide advisory and distribution services to certain mutual funds and separate account assets of AAAMHI are included under the caption “Distribution and advisory costs” in the accompanying combined statements of operations (See Note 4).
The Business also utilizes operational and support services provided by several affiliated entities. ABN AMRO Services Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with certain IT,
F-10
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
infrastructure and e-mail services. LaSalle Bank Corporation, also a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with payroll, benefits, general ledger maintenance, internal audit and accounts payable services. AAAMHI provides the Business with executive management, finance, human resources and personal trade compliance services. The cost of these services is included under the caption “Related-party expense allocations” in the accompanying combined statements of operations. Payables to affiliates related to distribution, advisory or other services provided to the Business are included in “Accounts payable—affiliates” in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition.
F-11
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Financial Condition
| | | | | | |
| | June 30 | | December 31 |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
| | (Unaudited) | | |
Assets | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,825,615 | | $ | 5,239,747 |
Advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 3,650,918 | | | 4,074,486 |
Goodwill | | | 10,518,750 | | | 10,518,750 |
Other intangible assets | | | 22,045,000 | | | 22,045,000 |
Other assets | | | 1,635 | | | 1,635 |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 41,879,618 |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities and owner’s equity | | | | | | |
Accounts payable—affiliates | | $ | 1,408,688 | | $ | 2,266,559 |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | 477,547 | | | 648,625 |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 765,612 | | | 954,318 |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 2,651,847 | | | 3,869,502 |
Owner’s equity | | | 39,390,071 | | | 38,010,116 |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and owner’s equity | | $ | 42,041,918 | | $ | 41,879,618 |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-12
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2005
| | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
Revenues | | | | | | |
Advisory fees, net | | $ | 21,047,783 | | $ | 24,999,650 |
Administration fees | | | 692,547 | | | 932,786 |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 21,740,330 | | | 25,932,436 |
| | |
Operating expenses | | | | | | |
Distribution and advisory costs: | | | | | | |
Affiliates | | | 12,214,612 | | | 15,696,859 |
Other | | | 3,772,108 | | | 5,979,487 |
| | | | | | |
Total distribution and advisory costs | | | 15,986,720 | | | 21,676,346 |
| | |
Compensation and related expenses | | | 2,220,163 | | | 2,612,580 |
Related party expense allocations | | | 1,273,505 | | | 1,240,153 |
Other operating expenses | | | 578,351 | | | 291,251 |
| | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 20,058,739 | | | 25,820,330 |
| | | | | | |
Operating income | | $ | 1,681,591 | | $ | 112,106 |
Interest income | | | 150,279 | | | 48,913 |
| | | | | | |
Net income before taxes | | $ | 1,831,870 | | $ | 161,019 |
Income tax provision | | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 1,831,870 | | $ | 161,019 |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-13
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Changes in Owner’s Equity
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2005
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at January 1, 2005 | | $ | 59,421,138 | |
Net income | | | 161,019 | |
Net transfers to AAAMHI | | | (119,100 | ) |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at June 30, 2005 | | $ | 59,463,057 | |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at January 1, 2006 | | $ | 38,010,116 | |
Net income | | | 1,831,870 | |
Net transfers to AAAMHI | | | (451,915 | ) |
| | | | |
Owner’s equity at June 30, 2006 | | $ | 39,390,071 | |
| | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-14
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2005
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Operating activities | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 1,831,870 | | | $ | 161,019 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
(Increase) decrease in advisory and administrative fees receivable | | | 423,568 | | | | 79,300 | |
(Increase) decrease in other assets | | | — | | | | 1,524 | |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable—affiliates | | | (857,871 | ) | | | (499,894 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in accrued compensations and benefits | | | (171,078 | ) | | | 117,813 | |
Increase (decrease) in other accrued liabilities | | | (188,706 | ) | | | 423,026 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash flow provided by operating activities | | | 1,037,783 | | | | 282,788 | |
| | |
Financing activities | | | | | | | | |
Transfers to AAAMHI, net | | | (451,915 | ) | | | (119,100 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in financing activities | | | (451,915 | ) | | | (119,100 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 585,868 | | | | 163,688 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 5,239,747 | | | | 3,158,266 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 5,825,615 | | | $ | 3,321,954 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
F-15
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying combined financial statements include the U.S. Mutual Fund Business of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (AAAMHI) (the Business). The principal operations of the Business relate to investment advisory, administrative and distribution services provided to certain registered investment companies comprising ABN AMRO Funds (the Funds) and a small number of managed accounts of AAAMHI. The Business is included in the consolidated financial statements of AAAMHI, a wholly owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holding N.V. (AAAMHNV), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (ABN AMRO). Pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement (the Agreement), dated as of April 20, 2006, AAAMHI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and certain other affiliated entities (ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (AAAM), Montag & Caldwell, Inc. (Montag), TAMRO Capital Partners LLC (TAMRO), Veredus Asset Management LLC (Veredus) and River Road Asset Management, LLC (River Road)) agreed to sell the Business to Highbury Financial Inc. (Highbury) for an aggregate cash purchase price of $38.6 million. Upon completion of the sale transaction, certain members of the Business’ management and staff will join Highbury. Additionally, a newly formed subsidiary of Highbury, Aston Asset Management LLC, will become adviser to the Funds, which will be re-named the Aston Funds. AAAMHI and certain affiliates who are currently the advisers to the Funds will continue to provide advisory services to the Funds after completion of the sale but in a sub-advisory capacity. A senior officer of AAAMHI and three other individuals not involved in the Business have also agreed to join Highbury in connection with the acquisition of the Business.
The combined financial statements have been prepared from AAAMHI’s historical accounting records on a carve-out basis to include the historical financial position, results of operations, and cash flows applicable to the Business. The combined financial statements exclude all continuing operations of AAAMHI and its affiliated entities listed in the preceding paragraph that will be retained by the sellers. The combined financial statements have been prepared as if the Business had been a stand-alone operation, though they are not necessarily representative of results had the Business operated as a stand-alone operation, and it is not practicable to estimate what those expenses would have been on a stand-alone basis. Revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities were derived from amounts associated with the Business in the AAAMHI financial records. The financial results include allocations based on methodologies that management believes are reasonable of corporate expenses from AAAMHI and allocations of other corporate expenses from AAAMHI’s parent company that may be different from comparable expenses that would have been incurred if the Business operated as a stand-alone business. Specifically, ABN AMRO Services Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC (see note 7), provides the Business with certain IT, infrastructure and e-mail services. LaSalle Bank Corporation, also a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with payroll, benefits, general ledger maintenance, internal audit and accounts payable services. These services are charged based upon utilized quantities (typically number of employees, number of transactions processed, hours worked). AAAMHI provides the Business with executive management, finance, human resources and personal trade compliance services. These services are charged based upon employee count or management time incurred. AAAMHI’s parent and its parent companies provide other executive management, technology, sales support, finance, compliance and human resources support services. These services are charged out on a formula basis that considers Assets Under Management, number of employees and non-interest expense. The cost of these services is included under the caption “Related-party expense allocations” in the accompanying combined statements of operations. Certain cash receipts and cash payments related to the Business were handled through AAAMHI and affiliate cash accounts, which are not included in the carve-out financial statements.
F-16
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation (continued)
These amounts have been accounted for as net capital distributions from the Business and are reflected as “Net transfers to AAAMHI” in the combined statements of changes in owner’s equity and the combined statements of cash flows reflects these cash transactions.
Preparation of the combined financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported financial statement amounts and accompanying notes. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Combination
The accompanying combined statements of financial condition, operations, cash flows and owner’s equity of the Business for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 have been prepared on a carve-out basis (see Note 1).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash in banks and investments in money market mutual funds.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Business has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (FAS 142). Intangible assets, comprising the estimated value of investment management contracts, and goodwill, included in the combined financial statements of the Business relate to the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates including the Business. These amounts reflect management’s best estimate of a reasonable allocation to the Business of such amounts included in the financial records of AAAMHI. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 require that goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment and require reporting units to be identified for the purpose of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill. The Business’ acquired intangible management contract asset relate to the provision of investment advisory services to the Funds in exchange for fees that are based on a percentage of the average daily net assets of the funds. These management contracts were acquired in 2001 as part of the acquisition of certain AAAMHI affiliates. The management contracts are subject to annual renewal by the Funds’ board of trustees which is expected to continue indefinitely since this has been the experience for the Funds as well as for the mutual fund industry as a whole. Accordingly, the Business’ acquired intangible assets related to the Funds are considered to be of an indefinite life as there is no foreseeable limit on the contract period. The Business conducts its annual testing of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, unless events warrant more frequent testing.
Revenue Recognition
The Business derives its revenues from investment advisory and administrative services provided to the Funds and a limited number of managed accounts of AAAMHI. Based on the terms of the advisory and administrative agreements in place that set out fees to be earned as a stated percentage of assets under
F-17
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
management, advisory and administrative fees are recognized in revenue in the period such services are performed unless facts and circumstances would indicate that collectibility of the fees are not reasonably assured. Expense reimbursements to certain of the Funds in accordance with agreements are reported as an offset to investment advisory fees. Such reimbursements totaled $1,146,986 and $1,024,983 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005, respectively.
Distribution and Advisory Costs
Included in distribution and advisory costs in the accompanying financial statements are fees paid to AAAMHI and its affiliates and other non-affiliated entities pursuant to contracts related to the management and distribution of the Funds and managed account assets. Such costs are recorded in the period incurred.
The Funds pay five affiliates of AAAMHI (Montag, AAAM, TAMRO, Veredus and River Road) investment advisory fees pursuant to management contracts with these entities under which the affiliates provide investment advisory services to the Funds. AAAM also pays two third-party investment management firms, MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. and Optimum Investment Advisors, LLC, investment sub-advisory fees pursuant to management contracts with these entities under which these independent firms provide investment sub-advisory services to two of the Funds. The Business, generally through ABN AMRO Distribution Services (USA) Inc. (the Distributor), has entered into nearly 400 selling/service agreements through which independent third parties sell the Business’ Funds and/or provide other services to their clients in exchange for certain payments. Unless paid by the Distributor pursuant to the Funds’ Rule 12b-1 Plan, these payments, as well as certain sales and marketing costs, are included within distribution and advisory costs.
Income Taxes
The Business is a component of AAAMHI, and as such was a component of the consolidated income tax return of AAAMHI, or an affiliate of AAAMHI, for the periods presented in these financial statements. However, for the purpose of the preparation of these financial statements, the Business is considered a stand-alone entity and any required provision for federal and state income taxes has been determined accordingly. The provision for federal and state income taxes is comprised of two components, current and deferred income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial and tax reporting bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using currently enacted rates and laws. Deferred tax assets are recognized subject to management’s judgment that realization is more likely than not.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities included in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition approximate fair values due to their short-term nature.
3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 included in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition are shown net of accumulated amortization of $1,553,200 and $2,113,467 recorded prior to 2002 and the adoption of FAS 142. Impairment charges of approximately $10.4 million of intangible assets and $13.3 million of goodwill were recorded by the Business in 2005 in accordance with FAS 142.
F-18
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets (continued)
The facts and circumstances leading to the impairment charges to goodwill and intangible assets relate to management’s assessment of declines in net assets in the Funds resulting from net share redemptions and unfavorable investment performance trends. The fair value of the Business used to determine the impairment of goodwill was determined with reference to the expected proceeds to be received upon the sale of the Business. The fair value of the intangible asset related to the investment management contracts used to determine the amount of impairment of the intangible asset, was determined based on a discounted cash flow analysis of the acquired contracts. No impairment of goodwill or intangibles was determined to be required for periods prior to 2005.
4. Distribution and Advisory Costs
Distribution and advisory costs in the accompanying combined statement of operations consist of the following:
| | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30 |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
Advisory costs: | | | | |
AAAMHI affiliates | | 11,899,545 | | 14,574,622 |
Third party sub-advisers | | 1,412,338 | | 1,193,210 |
| | | | |
Total advisory costs | | 13,311,883 | | 15,767,832 |
Distribution costs: | | | | |
AAAMHI affiliates | | 345,739 | | 1,122,237 |
Non-affiliates | | 2,329,098 | | 4,786,277 |
| | | | |
Total distribution costs | | 2,674,837 | | 5,908,514 |
| | | | |
Total distribution and advisory costs | | 15,986,720 | | 21,676,346 |
| | | | |
5. Income Taxes
A reconciliation of the differences between the total income tax provision (benefit) and the amounts computed at the statutory federal tax rate of 35% for the six month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Income tax provision (benefit) at statutory federal income tax rate | | $ | 641,155 | | | $ | 56,356 | |
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: | | | | | | | | |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | | | 91,593 | | | | 8,051 | |
Valuation allowance adjustment | | | (732,748 | ) | | | (64,407 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Provision for income taxes | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
The current and deferred portion of the total provision for income taxes was $0 for each of the respective periods.
F-19
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
5. Income Taxes (continued)
The components of the net deferred tax balances as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30 2006 | | | December 31 2005 | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | | |
Net operating loss carryforwards | | $ | 6,664,634 | | | $ | 6,560,728 | |
Goodwill and intangibles | | | 2,307,833 | | | | 3,107,833 | |
Other | | | — | | | | 36,654 | |
Less valuation allowance | | | (8,972,467 | ) | | | (9,705,215 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred taxes | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
The need for a valuation allowance to reduce federal and state deferred tax assets and net operating losses has been determined as if the Business was a stand-alone entity. As such, management believes it is more likely than not that these items will not be realized.
6. Benefit Plans
Pension Plans
ABN AMRO Bank sponsors a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all U.S. salaried employees. Assets held by the plan consist primarily of shares of registered investment companies and pooled trust funds. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $44,844 and $135,391 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Profit Sharing and Savings Plan
ABN AMRO Bank sponsors a profit sharing and savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, covering substantially all U.S. salaried employees. Under the plan, employee contributions are partially matched by the respective ABN AMRO Bank subsidiary. In addition, the respective ABN AMRO Bank subsidiary may allocate a portion of its net profits to employees’ accounts in the plan. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $74,910 and $80,293 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Group Welfare Plan
ABN AMRO Bank provides welfare and life insurance benefits to substantially all U.S. salaried employees and their dependents. The amount charged to expense includes welfare benefits paid to participants, net of participant contributions, and administrative costs. Life insurance premiums paid to insurance companies are recognized as an expense when paid. The allocated expense of the Business totaled $61,997 and $123,726 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
F-20
U.S. Mutual Fund Business of
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements (continued)
(Unaudited)
7. Related Party Transactions
ABN AMRO is a Dutch bank with operations around the world. With respect to its asset management business in the United States, ABN AMRO has two primary wholly-owned subsidiaries, ABN AMRO North America Holding Company (AANAHC) and AAAMHNV. AAAMHNV owns 100% of AAAMHI, and the assets of the Business are owned in their entirety by AAAMHI.
In the ordinary course of business, the Business utilizes investment advisory services provided by several affiliated entities. Five subsidiaries of AAAMHI, including Montag (100% owned), AAAM (100% owned), TAMRO (100% owned), Veredus (50% owned) and River Road (45% owned), currently serve as investment advisors to the Funds. The Funds pay the investment advisors an advisory fee, net of any fee waivers and expense reimbursements, and the advisors pay the Business a fixed percentage of the net advisory fees for administrative and distribution services. The payments made to affiliated entities, which provide advisory and distribution services to certain mutual funds and separate account assets of AAAMHI are included under the caption “Distribution and advisory costs” in the accompanying combined statements of operations (See Note 4).
The Business also utilizes operational and support services provided by several affiliated entities. ABN AMRO Services Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with certain IT, infrastructure and e-mail services. LaSalle Bank Corporation, also a wholly-owned subsidiary of AANAHC, provides the Business with payroll, benefits, general ledger maintenance, internal audit and accounts payable services. AAAMHI provides the Business with executive management, finance, human resources and personal trade compliance services. The cost of these services is included under the caption “Related-party expense allocations” in the accompanying combined statements of operations. Payables to affiliates related to distribution, advisory or other services provided to the Business are included in “Accounts payable—affiliates” in the accompanying combined statements of financial condition.
F-21
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Financial Statements
For the Periods from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006
and from January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006
and from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005
F-22
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors
Highbury Financial Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Highbury Financial Inc. (a company in the development stage) as of January 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the periods from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006, January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006 and July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Highbury Financial Inc. as of January 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the periods from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006, January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006 and July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005, in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 2, the accompanying balance sheet at January 31, 2006 and statements of stockholders’ equity for the periods then ended have been restated to reflect the warrants and the unit purchase option issued in connection with Highbury Financial Inc.’s initial public offering as liabilities.
/s/ Goldstein Golub Kessler LLP
GOLDSTEIN GOLUB KESSLER LLP
New York, New York
January 31, 2006, except for Note 2,
as to which the date is October 10, 2006
F-23
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Balance Sheets
| | | | | | | | |
| | Restated January 31, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 1,300,109 | | | $ | 36,902 | |
Cash in Trust Fund (Note 1) | | | 37,542,667 | | | | — | |
Prepaid expenses | | | 148,869 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 38,991,645 | | | | 36,902 | |
Deferred registration costs | | | — | | | | 483,492 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 38,991,645 | | | $ | 520,394 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | $ | 261,637 | | | $ | 427,846 | |
Notes payable, stockholders (Note 3) | | | — | | | | 70,000 | |
Common stock warrants (Note 2) | | | 7,590,000 | | | | — | |
Underwriters’ purchase option (Note 2) | | | 614,000 | | | | — | |
Deferred underwriting fees | | | 673,333 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 9,138,970 | | | | 497,846 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Common stock, subject to possible conversion, 1,346,666 shares at conversion value (Note 1) | | | 7,508,530 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity (Notes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7) | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $.0001 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued | | | — | | | | — | |
Common stock, $.0001 par value, authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 8,625,000 shares (which includes 1,346,666 subject to possible conversion) and 1,725,000, respectively | | | 863 | | | | 173 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 22,348,667 | | | | 24,827 | |
Deficit accumulated during the development stage | | | (5,385 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 22,344,145 | | | | 22,548 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 38,991,645 | | | $ | 520,394 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements
F-24
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Statements of Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006 | | | Period from January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006 | | | Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005 | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Formation costs | | $ | (456 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | (456 | ) |
Franchise taxes | | | (1,996 | ) | | | — | | | | (1,996 | ) |
D&O insurance | | | (1,481 | ) | | | (1,481 | ) | | | — | |
Administrative fees | | | (1,452 | ) | | | (1,452 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss for the period | | $ | (5,385 | ) | | $ | (2,933 | ) | | $ | (2,452 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted | | | 1,928,941 | | | | 3,060,484 | | | | 1,725,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss per share, basic and diluted | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | $ | (0.00 | ) | | $ | (0.00 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements
F-25
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(as restated)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | | Deficit Accumulated During the Development Phase | | | Total | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | | |
Sale of 1,725,000 shares of common stock to initial stockholders on August 1, 2005 at $0.0145 per share (Note 7) | | 1,725,000 | | $ | 173 | | $ | 24,827 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 25,000 | |
Net loss for the period | | | | | | | | | | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | 1,725,000 | | $ | 173 | | $ | 24,827 | | | $ | (2,452 | ) | | $ | 22,548 | |
Sale of 166,667 units in a private placement | | 166,667 | | | 17 | | | 999,985 | | | | — | | | | 1,000,002 | |
Sale of 6,733,333 units, net of underwriters’ discount and offering expenses (includes 1,346,666 shares subject to possible conversion) | | 6,733,333 | | | 673 | | | 37,036,285 | | | | — | | | | 37,036,958 | |
Proceeds subject to possible conversion of 1,346,666 shares | | — | | | — | | | (7,508,530 | ) | | | — | | | | (7,508,530 | ) |
Reclassification of derivative liability for part of proceeds from the sale of units relating to warrants | | | | | | | | (7,590,000 | ) | | | | | | | (7,590,000 | ) |
Reclassification of derivative liability relating to value of underwriters’ purchase option | | | | | | | | (614,000 | ) | | | | | | | (614,000 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of underwriters’ purchase option | | — | | | — | | | 100 | | | | — | | | | 100 | |
Net loss for the period | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | (2,933 | ) | | | (2,933 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2006 | | 8,625,000 | | $ | 863 | | $ | 22,348,667 | | | $ | (5,385 | ) | | $ | 22,344,145 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements
F-26
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Statements of Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to January 31, 2006 | | | Period from January 1, 2006 to January 31, 2006 | | | Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to December 31, 2005 | |
Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss for the period | | $ | (5,385 | ) | | $ | (2,933 | ) | | $ | (2,452 | ) |
Increase in prepaid expenses | | | (12,600 | ) | | | (12,600 | ) | | | — | |
Increase in accrued expenses | | | 5,385 | | | | 2,933 | | | | 2,452 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (12,600 | ) | | | (12,600 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash held in trust fund | | | (37,542,667 | ) | | | (37,542,667 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (37,542,667 | ) | | | (37,542,667 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of shares of common stock and warrants | | | 41,425,000 | | | | 41,400,000 | | | | 25,000 | |
Proceeds from issuance of option | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from notes payable, stockholders | | | 70,000 | | | | — | | | | 70,000 | |
Payments of notes payable, stockholders | | | (70,000 | ) | | | (70,000 | ) | | | — | |
Payment of costs of public offering | | | (2,569,724 | ) | | | (2,511,626 | ) | | | (58,098 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash from financing activities | | | 38,855,375 | | | | 38,818,474 | | | | 36,902 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash | | | 1,300,109 | | | | 1,263,207 | | | | 36,902 | |
Cash at beginning of period | | | — | | | | 36,902 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash at end of period | | $ | 1,300,109 | | | $ | 1,300,109 | | | $ | 36,902 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Supplemental schedule of non-cash financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accrual of costs of public offering | | $ | 119,983 | | | $ | 46,707 | | | $ | 425,394 | |
Accrual of deferred underwriting fees | | $ | 673,333 | | | $ | 673,333 | | | $ | — | |
See notes to financial statements
F-27
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Business Operations
Highbury Financial Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on July 13, 2005 as a blank check company whose objective is to acquire, or acquire control of, one or more operating businesses in the financial services industry that may provide significant opportunities for growth, with a particular focus on investment management and securities firms.
All activity from July 13, 2005 (inception) through January 31, 2006 relates to the Company’s formation and initial public offering described below. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year-end.
The registration statement for the Company’s initial public offering (“Offering”) was declared effective January 25, 2006. The Company consummated the Offering on January 31, 2006. Immediately preceding the Offering, all of the Company’s stockholders prior to the Offering, including all of the officers and directors of the Company (the “Initial Stockholders”) purchased an aggregate of 166,667 units from the Company in a private placement (the “Private Placement”). The units sold in the Private Placement were identical to the units sold in the Offering, but the purchasers in the Private Placement have waived their rights to conversion and receipt of distribution on liquidation in the event the Company does not complete a business combination (as described below). The Company received proceeds from the Private Placement and the Offering, net of the underwriters’ discount, of approximately $38,037,000 (Note 2).
The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of this Offering and the Private Placement, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be generally applied toward consummating a business combination, or series of business combinations, with an operating business in the financial services industry (“Business Combination”). Furthermore, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully affect a Business Combination. An amount of $37,542,667 of the net proceeds of the Offering and the Private Placement, including approximately $673,333 which will be paid to the underwriters of the Offering if a business combination is consummated (net of approximately $0.12 for each share of common stock converted in connection with the Business Combination as described below) but which will be forfeited if a business combination is not consummated, is being held in an interest-bearing trust account (“Trust Account”) until the earlier of (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) liquidation of the Company. Under the agreement governing the Trust Account, funds will only be invested in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 with a maturity of 180 days or less. The remaining net proceeds (not held in the Trust Account) may be used to pay for business, legal and accounting due diligence on prospective acquisitions and continuing general and administrative expenses.
The Company, after signing a definitive agreement for the acquisition of a target business, will submit such transaction for stockholder approval. In the event that stockholders owning 20% or more of the shares sold in the Offering vote against the Business Combination and exercise their conversion rights described below, the Business Combination will not be consummated.
The Initial Stockholders, have agreed to vote their 1,725,000 founding shares of common stock (Note 7) as well as the 166,667 shares of common stock included in the units they purchased in the Private Placement in accordance with the vote of the majority in interest of all other stockholders of the Company (“Public Stockholders”) with respect to any Business Combination. After consummation of a Business Combination, these voting safeguards will no longer be applicable.
F-28
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
With respect to a Business Combination which is approved and consummated, any Public Stockholder who voted against the Business Combination may demand that the Company convert his shares. The per share conversion price will equal the amount in the Trust Account, calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed Business Combination, divided by the number of shares of common stock held by Public Stockholders at the consummation of the Offering. Accordingly, Public Stockholders holding 19.99% of the aggregate number of shares owned by all Public Stockholders may seek conversion of their shares in the event of a Business Combination. Such Public Stockholders are entitled to receive their per-share interest in the Trust Account computed without regard to the shares held by Initial Stockholders. Accordingly, a portion of the net proceeds from the offering (19.99% of the amount held in the Trust Account) has been classified as common stock subject to possible conversion in the accompanying January 31, 2006 balance sheet.
The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, provides for mandatory liquidation of the Company in the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination within 18 months from the date of the consummation of the Offering, or 24 months from the consummation of the Offering if certain extension criteria have been satisfied. In the event of liquidation, it is likely that the per share value of the residual assets remaining available for distribution (including Trust Account assets) will be less than the initial public offering price per share in the Offering due to costs related to the Offering and since no value would be attributed to the Warrants contained in the Units sold (Note 2).
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For financial statement purposes, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts in the United States of America which, at times, may exceed applicable insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
Deferred Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided for the differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The Company recorded a deferred income tax asset aggregating approximately $834 and $1,831 at December 31, 2005 and January 31, 2006, respectively, for the tax effect of net operating loss carryforwards and temporary differences. In recognition of the uncertainty regarding the ultimate amount of income tax benefits to be derived, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance at December 31, 2005 and January 31, 2006. The net operating loss carryforward at January 31, 2006 amounts to approximately $5,385 and expires in 2026.
The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate of 34% due to the increase in the valuation allowance.
F-29
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
Income (Loss) Per Common Share
Loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.
Deferred Registration Costs
Deferred registration costs consist of legal, accounting and other fees incurred through the balance sheet data that are related to the Offering and that have been charged to capital upon the consummation of the Offering.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.
2. Initial Public Offering
On January 26, 2006, the Company sold 6,733,333 units (“Units”) in the Offering. Each Unit consists of one share of the Company’s common stock, $.0001 par value, and two redeemable common stock purchase warrants (“Warrants”). Each Warrant entitles the holder to purchase from the Company one share of common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 commencing the later of the completion of a Business Combination or one year from the effective date of the Offering and expiring four years from the effective date of the Offering. The Warrants will be redeemable, at the Company’s option, at a price of $.01 per Warrant upon 30 days’ notice after the Warrants become exercisable, only in the event that the last sale price of the common stock is at least $8.50 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the third day prior to the date on which notice of redemption is given. In connection with the Offering, the Company paid the underwriters an underwriting discount of approximately 5.2% of the gross proceeds of the Offering. Immediately preceding the Offering, all of the Company’s stockholders prior to the Offering, including all of the officers and directors of the Company (the “Initial Stockholders”) purchased an aggregate of 166,667 units from the Company in a private placement (the “Private Placement”). The units sold in the Private Placement were identical to the units sold in the Offering, but the purchasers in the Private Placement have waived their rights to conversion and receipt of distribution on liquidation in the event the Company does not complete a business combination
Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentialy Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the warrants issued as part of the Units, including the Private Placement units described in Note 1, have been reported as a liability. The warrant agreement provides for the Company to register the shares underlying the warrants and is silent as to the penalty to be incurred in the absence of the Company’s ability to deliver registered shares to the warrant holders upon warrant exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the warrants is not within the Company’s control. As a result, the Company must assume that it could be required to settle the warrants on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further EITF No. 00-19, requires the Company to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the warrants, with any changes being recorded through the Company’s statement of operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the warrants are exercised, expire, are redeemed by the Company (should the common stock attain the sales prices described above) or the Company is otherwise able to modify the warrant agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, the Company could experience volatility in its net income due to changes that occur in the value of the warrant liability at each reporting date.
F-30
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
Since the warrants were not trading separately from the Units at the balance sheet date, the fair value of the derivative warrant liability in the accompanying balance sheet has been determined based on a survey of the initial trading prices for the warrants issued by 28 of the publicly-traded blank check companies which have used the same structure as the Company (i.e. a $6.00 unit which includes one share of common stock and two warrants) and whose warrants were trading at the balance sheet date. The Company applied the average percentage of warrant value to unit value of these companies to its initial unit price of $6.00 to arrive at its estimated warrant value on the balance sheet date of $0.55 per warrant, or an aggregate of $7,590,000 at January 31, 2006 (the date of issuance). In the future, the fair value of the warrant liability will be determined using the trading value of the warrant on the last day of each period.
In connection with this Offering, the Company issued an option, pursuant to the underwriting agreement, to the underwriters to purchase up to an additional 1,010,000 units from the Company for $6.00 with an underwriting discount of $0.31 per unit. On February 3, 2006, the underwriters exercised their overallotment option and an additional 1,010,000 Units were sold, generating gross proceeds of $6,060,000. Additional net proceeds of approximately $5,746,900 were placed in the Trust Account.
In connection with this Offering, the Company issued an option, for $100, to the underwriters to purchase 336,667 Units at an exercise price of $7.50 per Unit. Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the option (the “UPO”) has been reported as a liability. The warrant agreement provides for the Company to register the shares underlying the UPO and includes a damages provision in the event the Company is unable to deliver registered shares to the UPO holders upon exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the UPO is not within the Company’s control. As a result, the Company must assume that it could be required to settle the UPO on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further EITF No. 00-19, requires the Company to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the UPO, with any changes being recorded through the Company’s statement of operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the UPO is exercised, expires, or the Company is otherwise able to modify the UPO agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, the Company could experience volatility in its net income due to changes that occur in the value of the UPO liability at each reporting date.
The Company estimates that the fair value of this option is approximately $614,000 ($1.82 per Unit) using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the option granted to the Representative is estimated as of the date of grant using the following assumptions: (1) expected volatility of 41.3%, (2) risk-free interest rate of 4.34% and (3) expected life of four years. The option may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless” basis, at the holder’s option, such that the holder may use the appreciated value of the option (the difference between the exercise prices of the option and the underlying warrants and the market price of the units and underlying securities) to exercise the option without the payment of any cash. In addition, the warrants underlying such Units are exercisable at $6.25 per share.
Because the Company’s stock had no trading history as of January 31, 2006, the Company estimated the volatility based on a survey of other publicly-traded companies in the financial services industry with market capitalizations between $30 million and $150 million and at least four years of public trading history. A universe of 55 companies was chosen and the daily price changes were calculated in each issuer’s common stock over the four year period before the Company’s public offering. The Company used the standard deviation of the daily price changes to calculate the annual volatility for each company, and then selected the average annual volatility.
F-31
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
The Company had previously issued financial statements which did not present the warrant liability or the UPO liability. The accompanying audited financial statements as of January 31, 2006 have been restated to correct this error. The impact of the correction of this error in previously reported balance sheets and statements of stockholders’ equity is as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | January 31, 2006 |
| | As Previously Reported | | As Restated |
Assets | | $ | 38,991,645 | | $ | 38,991,645 |
Liabilities | | $ | 934,970 | | $ | 9,138,970 |
Common stock subject to conversion | | $ | 7,508,530 | | $ | 7,508,530 |
Stockholders’ equity | | $ | 30,548,145 | | $ | 22,344,145 |
3. Notes Payable, Stockholders
The Company issued unsecured promissory notes in the aggregate amount of $70,000 to all of its Initial Stockholders. The notes were non-interest-bearing and were repaid immediately following the consummation of the Offering from the net proceeds of such Offering.
4. Commitments
The Company presently occupies office space provided by an affiliate of four Initial Stockholders. Such affiliate has agreed that, until the acquisition of a target business by the Company, it will make such office space, as well as certain office and secretarial services, available to the Company, as may be required by the Company from time to time. The Company has agreed to pay such affiliate $7,500 per month for such services commencing on January 26, 2006. The statement of operations for the period ended January 31, 2006 includes $1,452 related to this agreement.
In connection with the Offering, the Company has agreed to pay the underwriters upon completion of its initial business combination approximately $673,333, plus accrued interest on such amount, net of taxes payable, less approximately $0.12 for each share of common stock that the Public Stockholders elect to convert in connection with the Company’s initial business combination. The Company has recorded the deferred underwriting fees payable to the underwriters as an expense of the public offering resulting in a charge directly to stockholders’ equity.
Pursuant to letter agreements dated January 25, 2006 with the Company and the underwriters, the Initial Stockholders have waived their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution occurring upon our failure to complete a business combination, with respect to those shares of common stock acquired by them prior to the Offering and with respect to the shares included in the 166,667 units they purchased in the Private Placement.
The Initial Stockholders will be entitled to registration rights with respect to their founding shares and the shares they purchased in the private placement pursuant to an agreement signed on January 25, 2006. The holders of the majority of these shares are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register these shares at any time commencing three months prior to the third anniversary of the effective date of the Offering. In addition, the Initial Stockholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights on registration statements filed subsequent to the third anniversary of the effective date of the Offering.
The Company has also agreed to pay the fees and issue the securities to the underwriters in the Offering as described above in Note 2.
F-32
Highbury Financial Inc.
(a company in the development stage)
Notes to Financial Statements (continued)
5. Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
6. Common Stock
At January 31, 2006, 14,810,001 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of redeemable warrants and underwriters’ unit purchase option.
7. Stock Dividend
Effective January 13, 2006, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a stock dividend of 0.15 shares of common stock for each outstanding share of common stock. All references in the accompanying financial statements to the number of shares of common stock have been retroactively restated to reflect this transaction.
F-33
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a company in the development stage)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | | | | | | | |
| | Restated June 30, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | (unaudited) | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 566,986 | | | $ | 36,902 | |
Investments in Trust Account (Notes 2, 4) | | | 43,890,907 | | | | — | |
Prepaid expenses | | | 105,355 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 44,563,248 | | | | 36,902 | |
Deferred registration costs (Note 2) | | | — | | | | 483,492 | |
Deferred acquisition costs (Note 2) | | | 756,965 | | | | — | |
Deferred income taxes (Notes 2, 8) | | | 128,175 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | 520,394 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | $ | 496,608 | | | $ | 427,846 | |
Income taxes payable | | | 68,185 | | | | — | |
Deferred underwriting fees (Note 6) | | | 673,333 | | | | — | |
Deferred investment income (Note 2) | | | 112,795 | | | | — | |
Common stock warrants (Note 3) | | | 14,238,000 | | | | — | |
Underwriters’ purchase option (Note 3) | | | 788,000 | | | | — | |
Notes payable, stockholders (Note 7) | | | — | | | | 70,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 16,376,921 | | | | 497,846 | |
Common stock, subject to possible conversion, 1,548,666 shares at conversion value (Note 2) | | | 8,657,910 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity (Notes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9): | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $.0001 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued | | | — | | | | — | |
Common stock, $.0001 par value, authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 9,635,000 shares (which includes 1,548,666 subject to possible conversion) and 1,725,000, respectively | | | 964 | | | | 173 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 25,834,808 | | | | 24,827 | |
Deficit accumulated during the development stage | | | (5,422,215 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 20,413,557 | | | | 22,548 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 45,448,388 | | | $ | 520,394 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
F-34
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a company in the development stage)
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Restated Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Restated Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Restated Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 | |
| | (unaudited) | | | (unaudited) | | | (unaudited) | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Professional fees | | $ | (76,639 | ) | | $ | (108,954 | ) | | $ | (108,954 | ) |
D&O insurance | | | (22,958 | ) | | | (39,745 | ) | | | (39,745 | ) |
Administrative fees | | | (22,500 | ) | | | (38,952 | ) | | | (38,952 | ) |
Franchise taxes | | | (15,063 | ) | | | (30,025 | ) | | | (32,021 | ) |
Travel and entertainment | | | (18,435 | ) | | | (25,486 | ) | | | (25,486 | ) |
Other expenses | | | (14,926 | ) | | | (17,512 | ) | | | (17,968 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | (170,521 | ) | | | (260,674 | ) | | | (263,126 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (170,521 | ) | | | (260,674 | ) | | | (263,126 | ) |
Non-operating income / (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 3,376 | | | | 3,376 | | | | 3,376 | |
Investment income | | | 474,042 | | | | 718,545 | | | | 718,545 | |
Loss from derivative liabilities—Warrants | | | (4,271,400 | ) | | | (5,537,000 | ) | | | (5,537,000 | ) |
Loss from derivative liabilities—UPO | | | (56,000 | ) | | | (174,000 | ) | | | (174,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total non-operating loss | | | (3,849,982 | ) | | | (4,989,079 | ) | | | (4,989,079 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before provision for income taxes | | | (4,020,503 | ) | | | (5,249,753 | ) | | | (5,252,205 | ) |
Provision for income taxes (Note 8): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current | | | (188,687 | ) | | | (298,185 | ) | | | (298,185 | ) |
Deferred | | | 75,872 | | | | 128,175 | | | | 128,175 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss for the period | | $ | (4,133,318 | ) | | $ | (5,419,763 | ) | | $ | (5,422,215 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted | | | 9,635,000 | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | 5,190,881 | |
Net loss per share, basic and diluted | | $ | (0.43 | ) | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | $ | (1.04 | ) |
See Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
F-35
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a company in the development stage)
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(as restated)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | | Deficit Accumulated During the Development Stage | | | Total | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | | |
Sale of 1,725,000 shares of common stock to initial stockholders on August 1, 2005 at $0.0145 per share (Note 5) | | 1,725,000 | | $ | 173 | | $ | 24,827 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 25,000 | |
Net loss for the period | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | (2,452 | ) | | | (2,452 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | 1,725,000 | | $ | 173 | | $ | 24,827 | | | $ | (2,452 | ) | | $ | 22,548 | |
| | | | | |
Unaudited: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sale of 166,667 units in a private placement | | 166,667 | | | 17 | | | 999,985 | | | | — | | | | 1,000,002 | |
Sale of 7,743,333 units, net of underwriters’ discount and offering expenses (includes 1,548,666 shares subject to possible conversion) | | 7,743,333 | | | 774 | | | 42,782,806 | | | | — | | | | 42,783,580 | |
Proceeds subject to possible conversion of 1,548,666 shares | | — | | | — | | | (8,657,910 | ) | | | — | | | | (8,657,910 | ) |
Reclassification of derivative liability for part of proceeds from the sale of units relating to warrants | | | | | | | | (8,701,000 | ) | | | | | | | (8,701,000 | ) |
Reclassification of derivative liability relating to value of underwriters’ purchase option | | | | | | | | (614,000 | ) | | | | | | | (614,000 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of option | | — | | | — | | | 100 | | | | — | | | | 100 | |
Net loss for the period | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | (5,419,763 | ) | | | (5,419,763 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at June 30, 2006 | | 9,635,000 | | $ | 964 | | $ | 25,834,808 | | | $ | (5,422,215 | ) | | $ | 20,413,557 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
F-36
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a company in the development stage)
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | |
| | Restated Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Restated Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 | |
| | (unaudited) | | | (unaudited) | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net loss for the period | | $ | (5,419,763 | ) | | $ | (5,422,215 | ) |
| | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
(Increase) / decrease in deferred taxes | | | (128,175 | ) | | | (128,175 | ) |
Loss on derivatives—Warrants | | | 5,537,000 | | | | 5,537,000 | |
Loss on derivatives—underwriters’ purchase option | | | 174,000 | | | | 174,000 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
(Increase) / decrease in trust account | | | (601,340 | ) | | | (601,340 | ) |
(Increase) / decrease in prepaid expenses | | | (105,355 | ) | | | (105,355 | ) |
Increase / (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses | | | (262,809 | ) | | | (260,357 | ) |
Increase / (decrease) in deferred investment income | | | 112,795 | | | | 112,795 | |
Increase / (decrease) in income taxes payable | | | 68,185 | | | | 68,185 | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (625,462 | ) | | | (625,462 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Cash held in trust fund | | | (43,289,567 | ) | | | (43,289,567 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (43,289,567 | ) | | | (43,289,567 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of shares of common stock and warrants | | | 47,460,000 | | | | 47,485,000 | |
Proceeds from issuance of option | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Proceeds from notes payable, stockholders | | | — | | | | 70,000 | |
Payments of notes payable, stockholders | | | (70,000 | ) | | | (70,000 | ) |
Payment of costs of public offering | | | (2,944,987 | ) | | | (3,003,085 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 44,445,113 | | | | 44,482,015 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash | | | 530,084 | | | | 566,986 | |
Cash at beginning of period | | | 36,902 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash at end of period | | $ | 566,986 | | | $ | 566,986 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Supplemental schedule of non-cash financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Accrual of costs of acquisition | | $ | 756,965 | | | $ | 756,965 | |
Accrual of deferred underwriting fees | | | 673,333 | | | | 673,333 | |
| | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for taxes | | $ | 232,146 | | | $ | 232,146 | |
See Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
F-37
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The financial statements at June 30, 2006, for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2006 and for the period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 are unaudited and include the accounts of Highbury Financial Inc. (a corporation in the development stage) (“the Company”) and its 65%-owned subsidiary, Aston Asset Management LLC (“Aston”). To date, Aston’s efforts have been limited to organizational activities.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal accruals) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2006 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and the period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full year. The accompanying December 31, 2005 balance sheet has been derived from the audited financial statements. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The statements and related notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.
Note 2. Organization and Business Operations
Highbury Financial Inc. was incorporated in Delaware on July 13, 2005 as a blank check company whose objective is to acquire, or acquire control of, one or more operating businesses in the financial services industry that may provide significant opportunities for growth, with a particular focus on investment management and securities firms.
The registration statement for the Company’s initial public offering (“Offering”) was declared effective January 25, 2006. The Company consummated the Offering, including full exercise of the over-allotment option, on January 31, 2006 and February 3, 2006, respectively. Immediately preceding the Offering, all of the Company’s stockholders prior to the Offering (the “Initial Stockholders”), including all of the officers and directors of the Company, purchased an aggregate of 166,667 units from the Company in a private placement (the “Private Placement”). The units sold in the Private Placement were identical to the units sold in the Offering, but the purchasers in the Private Placement have waived their rights to conversion and their rights to receipt of distribution on liquidation in the event the Company does not complete a business combination (as described below). The Company received proceeds from the Private Placement and the Offering, net of the underwriters’ discount and commissions and offering expenses, of approximately $43,783,582 (Note 3).
The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of this Offering and the Private Placement, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be generally applied toward consummating a business combination, or series of business combinations, with an operating business or businesses in the financial services industry (“Business Combination”). Furthermore, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully affect a Business Combination. An amount of $42,616,234 of the net proceeds of the Offering and the Private Placement and approximately $673,333 which will be paid to the underwriters of the Offering if a business combination is consummated (net of approximately $0.11 for each share of common stock converted in connection with the Business Combination as described below) but which will be forfeited if a business combination is not consummated, is being held in an interest-bearing trust account (“Trust Account”) until the earlier of (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) liquidation of the Company. Under the agreement governing the Trust Account, funds will only be invested in
F-38
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 with a maturity of 180 days or less. The remaining net proceeds (not held in the Trust Account) may be used to pay for business, legal and accounting due diligence on prospective acquisitions and continuing general and administrative expenses.
The Company, after signing a definitive agreement for the acquisition of a target business, will submit such transaction for stockholder approval. In the event that stockholders owning 20% or more of the shares sold in the Offering vote against the Business Combination and exercise their conversion rights described below, the Business Combination will not be consummated.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed to vote their 1,725,000 founding shares of common stock (Note 5), as well as the 166,667 shares of common stock included in the units they purchased in the Private Placement, in accordance with the vote of the majority in interest of all other stockholders of the Company (“Public Stockholders”) with respect to any Business Combination. After consummation of a Business Combination, these voting safeguards will no longer be applicable.
With respect to a Business Combination which is approved and consummated, any Public Stockholder who voted against the Business Combination may demand that the Company convert his shares. The per share conversion price will equal the amount in the Trust Account, net of taxes payable, calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the proposed Business Combination, divided by the number of shares of common stock held by Public Stockholders at the consummation of the Offering. Accordingly, Public Stockholders holding up to 20% of the aggregate number of shares owned by all Public Stockholders may seek conversion of their shares in the event of a Business Combination. Such Public Stockholders are entitled to receive their per-share interest, net of taxes payable, in the Trust Account computed without regard to the shares held by Initial Stockholders. Accordingly, a portion of the net proceeds from the offering (20% of the amount originally placed in the Trust Account, excluding the portion relating to the deferred underwriting fees) has been classified as common stock subject to possible conversion in the accompanying June 30, 2006 balance sheet and approximately 20% of the interest earned on the Trust Account, net of related income taxes, has been recorded as deferred investment income.
The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, provides for mandatory liquidation of the Company in the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination within 18 months from the date of the consummation of the Offering (July 31, 2007), or 24 months from the consummation of the Offering (January 31, 2008) if certain extension criteria have been satisfied. In the event of liquidation, it is likely that the per share value of the residual assets remaining available for distribution (including Trust Account assets) will be less than the initial public offering price per share in the Offering due to costs related to the Offering, and general and administrative expenses incurred prior to the liquidation event and since no value would be attributed to the Warrants contained in the Units sold (see Note 3).
Deferred Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided for the differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax purposes. Because the Company is currently in the development stage, many of its expenses are not currently deductible for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance may be established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
F-39
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Loss Per Common Share
Loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The effect of the 15,486,666 outstanding warrants issued in connection with the Offering and the 333,334 outstanding warrants issued in connection with the Private Placement has not been considered in diluted loss per share calculations since the Company has a net loss and the effect would be anti-dilutive and since the warrants cannot be exercised until the later of the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination and January 25, 2007. Furthermore, the effect of the 336,667 units included in the underwriters purchase option has not been considered in diluted income per share calculations since the Company has a net loss and the effect would be anti-dilutive and since the option is out-of-the money based on the Company’s weighted average common stock price for the period.
Deferred Registration Costs
Deferred registration costs consist of legal, accounting and other fees incurred through the balance sheet date that were related to the Offering and that were charged to capital upon the consummation of the Offering.
Deferred Acquisition Costs
Deferred acquisition costs consist of legal, accounting and other fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the potential acquisition of the U.S. mutual fund business of ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (see Note 9). These costs will be included in the cost of the acquisition if the business combination is consummated or expensed if it is not. There is no assurance that this business combination will be consummated.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004) (“SFAS 123(R)”), “Share Based Payment”. SFAS 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.
Note 3. Initial Public Offering
The Company sold 7,910,000 units (“Units”) in the Private Placement and the Offering, which included all of the 1,010,000 Units subject to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. Each Unit consists of one share of the Company’s common stock, $.0001 par value, and two redeemable common stock purchase warrants (“Warrants”). Each Warrant entitles the holder to purchase from the Company one share of common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 commencing the later of the completion of a Business Combination or one year from the effective date of the Offering (January 25, 2007) and expiring four years from the effective date of the Offering (January 25, 2010). The Warrants will be redeemable, at the Company’s option, at a price of $.01 per Warrant upon 30 days’ notice after the Warrants become exercisable, only in the event that the last sale price of the common stock is at least $8.50 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the
F-40
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
third day prior to the date on which notice of redemption is given. Separate trading of the Common Stock and Warrants underlying the Company’s Units commenced on February 21, 2006.
Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the Warrants issued as part of the Units, including the Private Placement units described in Note 2, have been reported as a liability. The Warrant agreement provides for the Company to register the shares underlying the Warrants and is silent as to the penalty to be incurred in the absence of the Company’s ability to deliver registered shares to the Warrant holders upon Warrant exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the Warrants is not within the Company’s control. As a result, the Company must assume that it could be required to settle the Warrants on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further EITF No. 00-19, requires the Company to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the Warrants, with any changes being recorded through the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the Warrants are exercised, expire or are redeemed by the Company (should the common stock attain the sales prices described above) or the Company is otherwise able to modify the Warrant agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, the Company could experience volatility in its operations due to changes that occur in the value of the Warrant liability at each reporting date.
The fair value of the derivative Warrant liability is determined using the trading value of the Warrants on the last day of the appropriate period. The value of the Warrant liability at June 30, 2006 was $14,238,000.
Amounts reported as a loss from derivative liability—Warrant in our Consolidated Statements of Operations are derived from the change in the valuation of the Warrant liability during the period. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006, the losses were $4,271,400 and $5,537,000, respectively. For the period from July 13, 2005 (inception) through June 30, 2006, the loss was $5,537,000.
In connection with this Offering, the Company issued an option, for $100, to the underwriters to purchase 336,667 Units at an exercise price of $7.50 per Unit. Under EITF No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF No. 00-19”), the fair value of the option (the “UPO”) has been reported as a liability. The warrant agreement provides for the Company to register the shares underlying the UPO and includes a damages provision in the event the Company is unable to deliver registered shares to the UPO holders upon exercise. Under EITF No. 00-19, registration of the common stock underlying the UPO is not within the Company’s control. As a result, the Company must assume that it could be required to settle the UPO on a net-cash basis, thereby necessitating the treatment of the potential settlement obligation as a liability. Further, EITF No. 00-19, requires the Company to record the potential settlement liability at each reporting date using the current estimated fair value of the UPO, with any changes being recorded through the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. The potential settlement obligation will continue to be reported as a liability until such time as the UPO is exercised, expires, or the Company is otherwise able to modify the UPO agreement to remove the provisions which require this treatment. As a result, the Company could experience volatility in its operations due to changes that occur in the value of the UPO liability at each reporting date.
As of June 30, 2006, the Company has estimated that the fair value of this option is approximately $788,000 ($2.34 per Unit) using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the option granted to the underwriters was estimated as of the date of grant using the following assumptions: (1) expected volatility of 35.1%, (2) risk-free interest rate of 5.12% and (3) expected life of 3.6 years. The option may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless” basis, at the holder’s option, such that the holder may use the appreciated value of the
F-41
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
option (the difference between the exercise prices of the option and the underlying warrants and the market price of the units and underlying securities) to exercise the option without the payment of any cash. In addition, the warrants underlying such Units are exercisable at $6.25 per share.
Amounts reported as a loss from derivative liability—underwriters’ purchase option in our Consolidated Statements of Operations derive from the change in the fair value of the UPO liability during a period. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006, the losses were $56,000 and $174,000, respectively. For the period from July 13, 2005 (inception) through June 30, 2006, the loss was $174,000.
The previously issued unaudited June 30, 2006 financial statements did not present the Warrant liability or the UPO liability or the related changes in valuations that are included in operations. The financial statements as of June 30, 2006 have been restated to correct this error. The changes to the June 30, 2006 financial statements were as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 |
| | As Previously Reported | | As Restated |
Assets | | $ | 45,448,388 | | $ | 45,448,388 |
Liabilities | | $ | 1,350,921 | | $ | 16,376,921 |
Common stock subject to conversion | | $ | 8,657,910 | | $ | 8,657,910 |
Stockholders’ equity | | $ | 35,439,557 | | $ | 19,813,557 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Period from July 13, 2005 (inception) to June 30, 2006 | |
| | As Previously Reported | | | As Restated | | | As Previously Reported | | | As Restated | | | As Previously Reported | | | As Restated | |
Loss from derivative liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Warrants | | | — | | | $ | (4,271,400 | ) | | | — | | | $ | (5,537,000 | ) | | | — | | | $ | (5,537,000 | ) |
Underwriters’ purchase option | | | — | | | $ | (56,000 | ) | | | — | | | $ | (174,000 | ) | | | — | | | $ | (174,000 | ) |
Pre-tax income (loss) | | $ | 306,897 | | | $ | (4,020,503 | ) | | $ | 461,247 | | | $ | (5,249,753 | ) | | $ | 458,795 | | | $ | (5,252,205 | ) |
Provision for income taxes | | $ | (112,815 | ) | | $ | (112,815 | ) | | $ | (170,010 | ) | | $ | (170,010 | ) | | $ | (170,010 | ) | | $ | (170,010 | ) |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 194,082 | | | $ | (4,133,318 | ) | | $ | 291,237 | | | $ | (5,419,763 | ) | | $ | 288,785 | | | $ | (5,422,215 | ) |
Weighted average shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 9,635,000 | | | | 9,635,000 | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | 8,502,722 | | | | 5,190,881 | | | | 5,190,881 | |
Earnings (loss) per share | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.02 | | | $ | (0.43 | ) | | $ | 0.03 | | | $ | (0.64 | ) | | $ | 0.06 | | | $ | (1.04 | ) |
Note 4. Investments Held in Trust
Investments held in trust at June 30, 2006 consist of: (i) a United States Treasury Bill with a face value of $6,448,000 purchased at a discount of 97.837% due August 3, 2006 and carried on the Company’s financial statements at $6,422,788; (ii) a United States Treasury Bill with a face value of $30,973,000 purchased at a discount of 98.910% due August 3, 2006 and carried on the Company’s financial statements at $30,851,896; (iii) a United States Treasury Bill with a face value of $6,642,000 purchased at a discount of 98.906% due
F-42
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
August 3, 2006 and carried on the Company’s financial statements at $6,616,030; and (iv) money market obligations in the aggregate of $193.
There were no investments held in trust at December 31, 2005.
Note 5. Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock
The Company’s initial stockholders purchased 1,500,000 common shares for $25,000 on August 1, 2005. On January 13, 2006, the Board of Directors authorized a stock dividend of 0.15 shares of common stock for each share of common stock outstanding, bringing the initial outstanding shares to 1,725,000. All references in the accompanying financial statements to the number of shares of stock outstanding have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend.
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.0001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. As of June 30, 2006, no shares of preferred stock have been issued.
Common Stock Commitments
At June 30, 2006, 15,820,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of redeemable Warrants and 1,010,001 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of the underwriters’ unit purchase option.
Note 6. Commitments
The Company presently occupies office space provided by an affiliate of several of our Initial Stockholders. Such affiliate has agreed that, until the acquisition of a target business by the Company, it will make such office space, as well as certain office and secretarial services, available to the Company, as may be required by the Company from time to time. The Company has agreed to pay such affiliate $7,500 per month for such services commencing on January 26, 2006. The statements of operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2006 include $22,500 and $38,952 related to this agreement, respectively. The Company and such affiliate intend to amend this agreement upon consummation of the acquisition to extend the agreement upon the same terms. If extended, the agreement will be terminable by either party upon six months’ prior notice.
In connection with the Offering, the Company has agreed to pay the underwriters upon completion of its initial Business Combination approximately $673,333, plus accrued interest on such amount, net of taxes payable, less approximately $0.11 for each share of common stock that the Public Stockholders elect to convert in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. The Company has recorded the deferred underwriting fees payable to the underwriters as an expense of the public offering resulting in a charge directly to stockholders’ equity. The interest earned on the deferred underwriting fees held in the Trust Account, gross of taxes payable, has been recorded as deferred investment income.
Pursuant to letter agreements dated January 25, 2006 with the Company and the underwriters, the Initial Stockholders have waived their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution occurring upon our failure to
F-43
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
complete a business combination, with respect to those shares of common stock acquired by them prior to the Offering and with respect to the shares included in the 166,667 units they purchased in the Private Placement.
The Initial Stockholders are entitled to registration rights with respect to the shares of common stock and warrants of the Company owned by them. The holders of the majority of the founding shares are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register these shares and any other warrants or shares of the Company owned by them (excluding the shares purchased in the Private Placement) at any time commencing on the date the founding shares are released from escrow. In addition, the Initial Stockholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to such securities on registration statements filed subsequent to the date the founding shares are released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the units purchased in the Private Placement are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register the shares, warrants and shares underlying the warrants comprising such units at any time commencing on the date the Company consummates a Business Combination. In addition, the Initial Stockholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to such securities on registration statements filed subsequent to the date the Company consummates a Business Combination. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any of the foregoing registration statements.
The founding shares have been placed in escrow until the earliest of: (1) January 25, 2009; (2) the Company’s liquidation; and (3) the consummation of a liquidation, merger or stock exchange, stock purchase or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property subsequent to our consummating a Business Combination with a target business. During the escrow period, the Initial Stockholders may not sell or transfer their founding shares except among the Initial Stockholders (including upon exercise by Broad Hollow of its call options), to their spouses and children or trusts established for their benefit, by virtue of the laws of decent and distribution, upon the death of any Initial Stockholder or pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order but retain all other rights as stockholders, including, without limitation, the right to vote their shares and receive cash dividends, if declared. In addition, the units purchased by the Initial Stockholders in the Private Placement and the shares and warrants comprising such units may not be sold, assigned or transferred by the Initial Stockholders until after the consummation of a Business Combination.
The Company also paid fees and issued securities to the underwriters in the Offering as described above in Note 3.
Note 7. Notes Payable, Stockholders
The Company issued unsecured promissory notes in the aggregate amount of $70,000 to all of its Initial Stockholders. The notes were non-interest-bearing and were repaid immediately following the consummation of the Offering from the net proceeds of such Offering.
F-44
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
Note 8. Income Taxes
The provisions for income taxes for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2006 consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 | |
Current | | | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 165,111 | | | $ | 260,928 | |
State | | | 23,576 | | | | 37,257 | |
Deferred | | | | | | | | |
Federal | | | (65,597 | ) | | | (111,365 | ) |
State | | | (9,366 | ) | | | (15,901 | ) |
Reversal of Valuation Allowance | | | (909 | ) | | | (909 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 112,815 | | | $ | 170,010 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The total provision for income taxes differs from that amount which would be computed by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to income before provision for income taxes for the period ended June 30, 2006 is as follows:
| | | |
Statutory federal income tax rate | | (34.0 | )% |
Permanent difference related to loss on derivative—Warrants and underwriters’ purchase option | | 40.3 | |
State tax net of federal benefit | | (3.1 | ) |
| | | |
Effective income tax rate | | 3.2 | % |
| | | |
The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to the net deferred tax asset is as follows:
| | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
Interest income deferred for reporting purposes | | $ | 41,797 | | $ | — | |
Expenses deferred for income tax purposes | | | 86,378 | | | 909 | |
Valuation allowance | | | — | | | (909 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset | | $ | 128,175 | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | |
During 2006, the Company began to generate taxable income and therefore is no longer recording a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.
Note 9. Recent Developments
On April 20, 2006 the Company and Aston Asset Management LLC, a newly formed Delaware limited liability company (“Aston”, and together with Highbury the “Highbury Entities”), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (“Asset Purchase Agreement”) with ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc. (“AAIFS”), ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., (“AAAMI”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc., (“Montag”), Tamro Capital Partners LLC, (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management
F-45
Highbury Financial Inc. and Subsidiary
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
LLC, (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, (“River Road” and together with AAAMHI, AAIFS, AAAMI, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”). Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth therein, the Highbury Entities will acquire substantially all of the Sellers’ business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds (the “Target Funds”) specified in the Asset Purchase Agreement (collectively, the “Business”). In connection with the consummation of the sale of the Business (the “Closing”), Aston will enter into agreements with each of the Sellers that currently manage the Target Funds pursuant to which each such Seller will act as a sub-advisor to the applicable Target Fund. Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement the Sellers have agreed not to terminate these agreements for a period of five years following the consummation of the sale of the Business.
Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, at the Closing the Highbury Entities will pay $38.6 million in cash to AAAMHI. On the second anniversary of the date of the Closing, the Asset Purchase Agreement provides for a contingent adjustment payment in cash as follows: in the event the annualized investment advisory fee revenue generated under investment advisory contracts between Aston and the Sellers applicable to the Target Funds for the six months prior to the second anniversary of the date of the Closing (“Target Revenue”) (x) exceeds $41.8 million, the Highbury Entities will pay to AAAMHI the difference between the Target Revenue and $41.8 million, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million, or (y) is less than $34.2 million, AAAMHI will pay to the Highbury Entities the difference between the $34.2 million and the Target Revenue, up to a total aggregate payment of $3.8 million.
The sale of the Business currently is expected to be consummated in the second half of 2006, after receipt of requisite approvals from (i) our stockholders, (ii) the stockholders of the Target Funds and (iii) the trustees of the Target Funds. The trustees of the Target Funds voted to approve the sale of the Business on May 9, 2006.
F-46
ANNEX A
ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT
By and Among
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC.,
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
and
ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC.,
ABN AMRO INVESTMENT FUND SERVICES, INC.,
ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC.,
MONTAG & CALDWELL, INC.,
TAMRO CAPITAL PARTNERS LLC,
VEREDUS ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
and
RIVER ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC
April 20, 2006
| | |
Exhibit A-1 | | Target Funds |
Exhibit A-2 | | Separately Managed Accounts |
Exhibit A-3 | | Excluded Funds |
Exhibit B | | Bill of Sale; Assignment and Assumption Agreement |
Exhibit C | | Sub-Advisory License Agreement |
Exhibit D | | Officer Certificate of Sellers |
Exhibit E | | Secretary Certificate of Sellers |
Exhibit F | | Officer Certificate of Purchaser |
Exhibit G | | Secretary Certificate of Purchaser |
Exhibit H | | Transition Services Agreement |
Exhibit I | | Form of New Sub-Advisory Agreement |
Exhibit J | | Legal Opinion of Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP |
Exhibit K | | Legal Opinion of Bingham McCutchen LLP |
Exhibit L | | Fund Financial Statements and Most Recent Statements of Business |
Exhibit M | | Investment Advisory Contract |
| |
Schedule 1.1 | | Acquired Assets |
Schedule 1.2 | | Excluded Assets |
Schedule 1.3 | | Assumed Liabilities |
Schedule 1.4 | | Purchase Price Wire Transfer Instructions |
Schedule 1.5 | | Permitted Liens |
Schedule 1.7 | | Sellers’ Closing Deliveries |
Schedule 1.8 | | Purchaser’s Closing Deliveries |
Schedule 2.1 | | No Violation |
Schedule 2.2 | | Fund Contracts |
Schedule 2.5 | | Financial Statements |
Schedule 2.6 | | Proprietary Rights |
Schedule 2.7 | | Title; Sufficiency of Assets |
Schedule 2.8 | | Litigation |
Schedule 2.9 | | Consents and Approvals |
Schedule 2.10 | | Contracts |
Schedule 2.11 | | Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities |
Schedule 2.13 | | Tax Matters |
Schedule 2.14 | | Conduct of Business Since Date of Most Recent Statement of Business |
Schedule 2.15 | | Affiliate Transactions |
Schedule 3.3 | | Consents and Approvals of Purchaser |
Schedule 4.2(j) | | Designated Employees |
Schedule 4.13(a) | | Non-Compete Payments |
Schedule 4.13(b) | | Designated Employee Payments |
Schedule 5.3(a) | | Retained Names and Marks |
Schedule 5.5 | | Non-Solicitation |
Schedule 5.6(b) | | Additional Sub-Advisor Investments |
Schedule 5.7 | | Seed Money |
Schedule 8.1(d) | | Consents |
Schedule 9.17 | | Economic Terms of Investment Advisory Contracts and Investment Subadvisory Contracts |
i
ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Asset Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”), dated as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), is made by and among Highbury Financial Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Purchaser”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAIFS”), ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“AAAMI”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc., a Georgia corporation (“Montag”), Tamro Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“River Road” and together with AAAMHI, AAIFS, AAAMI, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”). Except as otherwise defined, capitalized terms herein have their respective meanings set forth in Section 9.17.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Sellers are engaged in the business of providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the Target Funds and to the Separately Managed Accounts (collectively, the “Business”) and own certain assets and rights used in connection with the conduct of the Business;
WHEREAS, Sellers desire to sell to Purchaser, and Purchaser desires to purchase from Sellers, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and in compliance with Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act, the Acquired Assets (the “Acquisition”);
WHEREAS, the applicable board of directors or managers of Sellers and where applicable the shareholders or members of each Seller have each approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and have determined that this Agreement and such transactions are advisable and in the best interests of Sellers and their shareholders;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of Purchaser has approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and has determined that this Agreement and such transactions are advisable and in the best interests of Purchaser and its shareholders;
WHEREAS, the Parties hereto desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with this Agreement;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Purchaser’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, the Parties have entered into a Transition Services Agreement, attached hereto asExhibit H, which shall by its terms become effective upon the Effective Date; and
WHEREAS, each Seller is willing to agree not to engage in certain activities following the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or to take certain other actions in connection therewith;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing Recitals, the agreements hereafter set forth and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1.PURCHASE AND SALE OF ASSETS AND ASSUMPTION OF LIABILITIES.
1.1Purchase and Sale of Assets.
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, Sellers shall sell, convey, transfer, assign and deliver to Purchaser, free and clear of any Liens, and Purchaser shall purchase, acquire and accept from Sellers, all right, title and interest in and to each of the Acquired Assets (the “Purchase and Sale”).
A-1
1.2Excluded Assets.
It is understood and agreed that Purchaser shall not acquire from Sellers, and Sellers shall retain ownership of, all right, title and interest in and to each of the Excluded Assets.
1.3Assumption of Liabilities.
Effective as of the Closing, Purchaser shall assume, and shall become liable for, the Assumed Liabilities. At the Closing, Purchaser and Sellers shall execute and deliver an assignment and assumption agreement and such other documents as may be necessary in respect of Purchaser’s assumption of the Assumed Liabilities reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to counsel for Sellers and Purchaser. Sellers represent, warrant, covenant and agree with and to Purchaser that, with the exception of the Assumed Liabilities, Purchaser shall not assume any debts, obligations or liabilities, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of any nature whatsoever of any Seller, the Targeted Funds, or their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates, whether in connection with any of the Acquired Assets, the Business or otherwise, and Sellers shall retain ownership of and responsibility for all such debts, obligations and liabilities.
1.4Purchase Price.
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, Purchaser shall pay to AAAMHI at the Closing in cash an aggregate amount equal to $38,600,000 (the “Purchase Price”) by wire transfer of immediately available funds, which amount shall be paid to the account set forth onSchedule 1.4.
1.5Contingent Adjustment Amount.
(a) Not more than ten (10) business days after the Calculation Date, Purchaser shall deliver to AAAMHI a statement setting forth Purchaser’s good faith determination of the Calculation Date Revenue based on Purchaser’s books and records and other information then available (the “Purchaser Calculation Statement”). During the thirty (30) day period following delivery to AAAMHI of the Purchaser Calculation Statement, Purchaser shall give the Sellers and any accountants and authorized representatives of Sellers access at all reasonable times to the properties, books, records and personnel of the Business to the extent necessary to enable the Sellers to prepare, review and resolve any disputes relating to the calculation of the Calculation Date Revenue.
(b) If AAAMHI disagrees in good faith with Purchaser’s determination of the Calculation Date Revenue, AAAMHI shall, within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Purchaser Calculation Statement, notify Purchaser in writing of such disagreement (a “Disagreement Notice”), and Purchaser and AAAMHI thereafter shall negotiate in good faith to resolve any such disagreements. If Purchaser and AAAMHI are unable to resolve any such disagreements within thirty (30) days after AAAMHI delivers the Disagreement Notice, Purchaser and AAAMHI shall submit the dispute to the Independent Accounting Firm for resolution. The resolution of such disagreements and the determination of the Calculation Date Revenue by the Independent Accounting Firm shall be final and binding on Purchaser and Sellers. The first date upon which the Calculation Date Revenue has been definitively determined pursuant to this Section 1.5 shall be referred to herein as the “Resolution Date.” Fees and expenses of the Independent Accounting Firm shall be paid as follows: (i) to the extent the Independent Accounting Firm’s determination of the Calculation Date Revenue is less than 103% of the Calculation Date Revenue set forth in the Purchaser Calculation Statement, the fees shall be borne by AAAMHI; (ii) to the extent the Independent Accounting Firm’s calculated Contingent Adjustment Amount is at least 103% but not greater than 107% of the Calculation Date Revenue as reflected in the Purchaser Calculation Statement, the fees shall be equally split between Purchaser and AAAMHI; and (iii) to the extent the Independent Accounting Firm’s calculated Contingent Adjustment Amount is 107% or more of the Calculation Date Revenue as reflected in the Purchaser Calculation Statement, the fees shall be paid by Purchaser. If Purchaser does not receive a Disagreement Notice within thirty (30) days of delivery of the Purchaser Calculation Statement, then the determination of the Calculation Date Revenue set forth in the Purchaser Calculation Statement shall be final.
A-2
(c) If the Calculation Date Revenue is within $3,800,000 (the “TR Allowance”) of the Target Revenue, then the Contingent Adjustment Amount shall equal zero. If the Calculation Date Revenue is more than the Target Revenue by an amount greater than the TR Allowance, then Purchaser shall, within five (5) business days after the Resolution Date, pay to AAAMHI, in immediately available funds, an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the positive difference of (x) the Calculation Date Revenue minus (y) the sum of the Target Revenue and the TR Allowance and (2) the Purchaser Cap Amount. If the Calculation Date Revenue is less than the Target Revenue by an amount greater than the TR Allowance, then AAAMHI shall, within five (5) business days after the Resolution Date, pay to Purchaser, in immediately available funds, an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the positive difference of (x) the Target Revenue minus (y) the sum of the Calculation Date Revenue and the TR Allowance and (2) the Seller Cap Amount.
(d) From the Closing Date to the Calculation Date, Purchaser, without AAAMHI’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, shall not sponsor or make a proposal to the trustees or shareholder of any Target Fund to take any of the following actions, if doing so would be reasonably likely to materially reduce the Contingent Adjustment Amount payable by the Purchaser to AAAMHI: (i) change the fees assessed under the Investment Subadvisory Contracts; (ii) take any action primarily aimed at artificially decreasing the Calculation Date Revenue including, without limitation, by shifting revenues out of the Determination Period; (iii) directly or indirectly sell or transfer the Business or a material portion of the Acquired Assets outside of the ordinary course of business; or (iv) merge or dissolve any Target Fund; provided that Purchaser may propose to merge any Target Fund with another Target Fund; provided that the foregoing shall in no way limit the discretion of the trustees to take any action inconsistent with any of the forgoing sections or to otherwise act in a manner consistent with their fiduciary duties; provided further that nothing herein shall preclude the Purchaser from taking, or refraining to take, any action to the extent that Purchaser is specifically required to do so by the board of trustees of a Target Fund based upon the Board of Trustee’s independent determination which was not the result of any solicitation, proposal, request, encouragement or recommendation made by Purchaser or any of its employees, Affiliates, agents or advisors. Purchaser may, at any time in its sole discretion, pay to AAAMHI the Purchaser Cap Amount whereupon, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 1.5 (and, after the first anniversary of the Closing Date, Section 5.8), Purchaser and Sellers shall be released from (1) the obligations set forth in this Section 1.5 (or, after the first anniversary of the Closing Date Section 5.8), (2) any and all liability with respect to any previous non-compliance with such provisions, and (3) any obligation then existing or thereafter arising to pay any Contingent Adjustment Amount.
(e) To the extent that the board of trustees of any of the Target Funds elects to take an action which results in the occurrence of an event (a “Fund Change”) described in Section 1.5(d)(i)-(iv) above with respect to any of the Target Funds, Purchaser shall provide AAAMHI prompt written notice thereof, and AAAMHI and Purchaser hereto agree to negotiate in good faith the calculation (the “Amended Calculation”) for determining the Contingent Adjustment Amount to make such equitable adjustments as are appropriate to take into account such Fund Change. To the extent AAAMHI and Purchaser are unable to agree on the Amended Calculation within sixty (60) days after written notice was delivered by Purchaser regarding such Fund Change, AAAMHI and Purchaser agree to submit such determination to binding arbitration in Cook County, Illinois, in accordance with the then-prevailing Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Judgment upon the award rendered by such arbitration may be entered in any court having jurisdiction. The Parties shall appoint one arbitrator (the “Arbitrator”). If the Parties cannot agree on the appointment of the Arbitrator within two (2) business days of the nomination by AAAMHI of an Arbitrator, then such Arbitrator shall be appointed pursuant to the International Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association, but in no event shall the appointment of an Arbitrator take longer than five (5) business days after AAAMHI’s nomination of an Arbitrator. As soon as the Arbitrator has been appointed, a hearing date shall be set within ten (10) business days thereafter. Written submittals shall be presented and exchanged by the Parties five (5) days before the hearing date. At such time, the Parties also shall exchange copies of all documentary evidence upon which they will rely at the arbitration hearing and a list of the witnesses whom they intend to call to testify at the hearing. The Arbitrator shall make his/her determination within ten (10) days after the hearing. The fees and expenses of the Arbitrator
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shall be split evenly between Purchaser and AAAMHI, and each Party will bear the fees and expenses of its own attorneys and experts.
1.6Closing.
Consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Closing”) shall take place at the offices of Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, 7800 Sears Tower, 233 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606-6404, at 5:00 p.m., local time, on the last business day of the month in which all of the conditions set forth in Sections 8.1 and 8.2 have been either satisfied or waived, or at such other time and place and on such other date as Purchaser and Sellers shall agree (the “Closing Date”).
1.7Sellers’ Closing Deliveries.
Subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, simultaneous with Purchaser’s deliveries hereunder, Sellers shall deliver or cause to be delivered to Purchaser all of the documents and instruments set forth onSchedule 1.7, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser and its counsel.
1.8Purchaser’s Closing Deliveries.
Subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, simultaneous with Sellers’ deliveries hereunder, Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to Sellers all of the documents and instruments set forth onSchedule 1.8, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Sellers and their counsel.
ARTICLE 2.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF SELLER.
AAAMHI and AAIFS, jointly and severally with respect to each other and each of the other Sellers, and each other Seller, severally but not jointly, hereby represent and warrant to Purchaser the following as of the Effective Date and as of the Closing (provided that a particular representation or warranty shall be deemed to be qualified by a particular item of disclosure set forth in the Schedules only if, and to the extent that, (i) the disclosure is set forth or incorporated by reference in the Schedule having the number corresponding to the subsection containing the representation or warranty being qualified or (ii) the applicability of such disclosure to the subsection containing the representation or warranty being qualified is reasonably apparent on its face):
2.1Corporate Organization; Capitalization; No Violation.
(a) Seller is a corporation or limited liability company (as applicable) duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the applicable state of its organization and in each other jurisdiction except where the failure to so qualify could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Seller has all requisite corporate power and authority to (i) own, operate and lease its assets and to carry on the Business as currently conducted, (ii) make, execute and deliver this Agreement and the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, and (iii) perform all of its obligations to be performed by it hereunder and thereunder.
(b) All of the issued and outstanding stock of AAIFS, AAAMI, and Montag is owned by AAAMHI. All of the issued and outstanding capital membership interests of TAMRO are owned by AAAMHI. Of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Veredus, 50% of such interest is owned by AAAMHI and 50% is held by Persons who are or were employees of Veredus. Of the issued and outstanding membership interests of River Road, 45% of such interest is owned by AAAMHI and 55% of such interest is held by Persons who are or were employees of River Road.
(c) Except as set forth onSchedule 2.1, the execution, delivery and performance by Seller of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents to which it is a party does not and will not conflict with or result in any violation of, or constitute a breach or default under (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default under): (i) any term of the charter documents, bylaws or other organizational
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documents of Seller, and (ii) except as individually or in the aggregate could not be considered material to the Business (A) any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, loan or indebtedness for borrowed money of Seller, (B) any agreement, permit or other instrument to which Seller is subject, or (C) any Law of any Governmental Entity to which Seller is subject.
2.2ABN AMRO Funds; Target Funds.
(a) ABN AMRO Funds is an open-end management investment company duly registered under the 1940 Act and duly recognized, validly existing and in good standing as a Delaware business trust and has full power, right and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as it is now conducted, and is qualified to do business in each jurisdiction where it is required to do so under applicable Laws.
(b) Each Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor is a duly established series of ABN AMRO Funds.
(c) No Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor is in default in performing, observing or fulfilling the terms or conditions of its declaration of trust or bylaws and these documents are in full force and effect.
(d) The shares of each Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor outstanding at any time (i) have been issued and sold in compliance with requirements of Law in all material respects, (ii) are qualified for public offering and sale in each jurisdiction where offers are made to the extent required pursuant to the requirements of Law, and (iii) have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and, to the extent applicable, non-assessable.
(e) Set forth inExhibit A-1 opposite each Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor is the (i) authorized shares as of October 31, 2005 (the “Capitalization Date”), (ii) par value, and (iii) shares that were issued and outstanding (the “Fund Shares”) as of the Capitalization Date. Fund Shares represent the only authorized capital stock of the Target Funds as of the Capitalization Date and issued and outstanding as of the Capitalization Date.
(f) No Seller or any “affiliated person” (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of Seller or the Target Funds receives or is entitled to receive any compensation directly or indirectly (i) from any Person in connection with the purchase or sale of securities or other property to, from or on behalf of any of the Target Funds, other than bona fide ordinary compensation as principal underwriter for the Target Funds or as broker in connection with the purchase or sale of securities in compliance with Section 17(e) of the 1940 Act or (ii) from the Target Funds or its shareholders for other than bona fide investment advisory, administrative or other services.
(g) Seller has delivered or made available to the Purchaser copies of the following documents (“Fund Contracts”) in effect as of the date of this Agreement, each of which is listed inSchedule 2.2:
| (i) | each advisor agreement in effect and related to the Target Funds as to which Seller is an investment advisor (“Existing Investment Advisor Agreements”) or sub-advisor agreement in effect and related to Target Funds (the “Subadvisory Agreements”); |
| (ii) | the custody agreements, transfer agent agreements, accounting services agreements, shareholder services agreements, administrative service and similar agreements by which a Target Fund is bound or under which it receives services; |
| (iii) | the prospectuses, statement of additional information and similar selling or offering documents distributed in connection with offering interests in a Target Fund; |
| (iv) | the declarations and all amendments thereto, the bylaws and all amendments thereto, and other organizational documents of a Target Fund; and |
| (v) | any other agreements, contracts and commitments material to a Target Fund’s business or operations, except for documents relating to the purchase of specific portfolio investments by or for a Target Fund. |
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Except as disclosed inSchedule 2.2, there does not exist under any Fund Contract relating to any Target Fund as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor, an event of default or event or condition that, after notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute an event of default under it on the part of Seller or any of its Affiliates, the Target Fund party to it, or, to Seller’s Knowledge, on the part of any other party to it (except for defaults, events or conditions that, individually and in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect).
(h) To the Knowledge of Sellers, each Existing Investment Advisor Agreement and Subadvisory Agreement relating to any Target Fund or to which Seller is an Investment Advisor which is subject to Section 15 of the 1940 Act has been duly approved at all times and is in compliance in all material respects with Section 15 of the 1940 Act and all other applicable Laws. Each such Existing Investment Advisor Agreement and Subadvisory Agreement has been performed by Sellers in accordance with the 1940 Act and all other applicable Laws, except for such failures of performance which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had or could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(i) A copy of each distribution plan adopted by the board of trustees of the ABN AMRO Funds under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (“Rule 12b-1 Plan”) with respect to each of the Target Funds as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor has been made available to Purchaser, and all distribution payments since January 1, 2002 have been made in compliance with the related Rule 12b-1 Plan in all material respects and in conformity with applicable Law in all material respects. Any payments for distribution or shareholder servicing activities in excess of the amounts provided under the Rule 12b-1 Plans (“Revenue Sharing Payments”) have been paid by Seller or its Affiliates out of their past profits or other available sources. No Revenue Sharing Payments are obligations of or have been borne by any of the Target Funds as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor.
(j) Since January 1, 2002, each Target Fund as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor has filed the prospectuses, annual information forms, registration statements, proxy statements, financial statements, other forms, reports, advertisements and other documents required to be filed with applicable regulatory authorities, except where the failure to file could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. These documents were prepared in accordance with applicable Law in all material respects.
(k) Each Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor is, and since January 1, 2002 has been, in compliance in all material respects with its respective investment objectives and policies.
(l) Each Target Fund as to which Seller is an investment advisor has (i) duly adopted written policies and procedures required by Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act and (ii) designated and approved an appropriate chief compliance officer in accordance with such rule. All such policies and procedures comply in all material respects with applicable Laws and there have been no material violations or allegations of material violations of such policies and procedures.
(m) Each Target Fund as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor is, and has been in compliance with, and has not received notice of a violation of, the Laws, regulations, ordinances and rules (including those of any non-governmental self-regulatory agencies) applying to it or its operations (except for failures to be in compliance and violations that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect).
(n) All authorizations needed to conduct the operations of the Target Funds as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor have been duly obtained and are in full force and effect. There are no proceedings pending or, to the Seller’s Knowledge, threatened that would result in the revocation, cancellation or suspension, or adverse modification, of any such authorizations.
2.3Securities Activity Regulatory Compliance.
(a) To the extent Seller is a Selling Registered Adviser, Seller is, and at all times required by the Advisers Act during the past five years has been, duly registered as an investment adviser under such act. Each Selling Registered Adviser is duly registered, licensed or qualified as an investment adviser in each jurisdiction where the conduct of its business requires such registration, licensing or qualification. Each
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Selling Registered Adviser has delivered to the Purchaser a true and complete copy of its Form ADV, as amended to date, filed by Selling Registered Adviser with the SEC, copies of all state notice filing forms, likewise as amended to date, and copies of all current reports required to be kept by Selling Registered Adviser pursuant to the Advisers Act. The information contained in such forms and reports was true and complete at the time of filing in all material respects. Each Selling Registered Adviser has filed all material amendments required to be filed to its Form ADV.
(b) To the extent Seller is a Selling Registered Adviser, Seller (i) has adopted a formal code of ethics complying with Section 17(j) of the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 promulgated under the Advisers Act; (ii) has adopted and implemented a written policy on insider trading complying with Section 204A of the Advisers Act; (iii) has adopted and implemented a written policy on allocations of initial public offerings of securities; (iv) has adopted and implemented written policies and procedures with respect to proxy voting complying with Rule 206(4)-6 promulgated under the Advisers Act; and (v) has adopted and implemented written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Advisers Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, and designated and approved an appropriate chief compliance officer, in accordance with Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act.
2.4Execution and Delivery; Authority.
This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which Seller is a party have been duly and validly executed and delivered by Seller and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by Purchaser, constitute valid and binding obligations of Seller, enforceable against Seller in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and subject to general principles of equity and the discretion of courts in granting equitable remedies. The execution and delivery by Seller of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which each is a party, the performance by Seller of its obligations hereunder and thereunder and the consummation by Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized pursuant to and in accordance with the Laws governing Seller and no other proceedings on the part of Seller are necessary to authorize such execution, delivery and performance.
2.5Financial Statements.
Attached hereto asExhibit L are true and complete copies of the following financial statements: (x) audited statement of net assets as of October 31, 2005 of each of the Target Funds as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor (collectively, the “Fund Financial Statements”), and (y) unaudited statements which set forth the net revenues of the Business and payments on behalf of the Business to third parties for the twelve (12) month period ending December 31, 2005 and for the three-month period ended March 31, 2006 (such unaudited statements being referred to herein as the “Most Recent Statement of Business”). Except as set forth onSchedule 2.5: (A) the Fund Financial Statements and the Most Recent Statement of Business, (i) have been derived from the accounting books and records of the Business or the Target Funds, as applicable; (ii) were prepared in all material respects in accordance with GAAP, except, in the case of interim financial statements, for the absence of notes thereto and normal year-end adjustments; (iii) in the case of the Fund Financial Statements, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of each Target Fund as of the date of the Fund Financial Statements and the results of operations and changes in net assets of each Target Fund during the period covered by the Fund Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP; and (iv) in the case of the Most Recent Statement of Business, present fairly, in all material respects, the net revenues of the Business and the payments on behalf of the Business to third parties for the applicable periods reflected on the Most Recent Statement of Business in accordance with GAAP; and (B) the Fund Financial Statements have been certified by Ernst & Young LLP.
2.6Proprietary Rights.
(a)Schedule 2.6(a) contains a complete and accurate list of all Proprietary Rights owned or, where indicated on such Schedule, licensed by any Seller and constitute all of the Proprietary Rights used, held for use or useful in or necessary to the Business of such Seller (the “Business Proprietary Rights”). Except as
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set forth onSchedule 2.6(b), there exist no restrictions on the disclosure, transfer or, to the Knowledge of the Sellers, use of such Business Proprietary Rights, and Seller has not licensed or otherwise granted any rights to use any of the Business Proprietary Rights to any third party.
(b) Except as set forth onSchedule 2.6(b):
| (i) | the Sellers own all right, title, and interest in and to all of the Business Proprietary Rights (in each case free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens); |
| (ii) | there have been no claims made against any Seller since January 1, 2002, asserting the invalidity, misuse or unenforceability of any of the Business Proprietary Rights or asserting that the conduct by any Seller with respect to its conduct associated with the Business has infringed or misappropriated any Business Proprietary Rights of any other Person; |
| (iii) | to the Knowledge of Sellers, the Business Proprietary Rights have not been infringed or misappropriated by any other Person; and |
| (iv) | the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not have a Material Adverse Effect on any Business Proprietary Right. |
2.7Title; Sufficiency of Assets.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.7, Seller has good and marketable title to all of its Acquired Assets, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens. At the Closing, Purchaser will be vested with good and marketable title in and to the Acquired Assets sold by Seller, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens. Except as set forth onSchedule 2.7, on the Closing Date, Purchaser will own, possess, have a valid license to, have a valid lease in or otherwise have the right to use all of the rights, properties and assets necessary to conduct the Business of Seller in all material respects as currently conducted and as the same will be conducted on the Closing Date.
2.8Litigation.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.8, there is no action, suit, proceeding, investigation or inquiry (i) pending against any Target Fund or to which Seller is an Investment Advisor or against Seller in respect of any Target Fund or Seller’s Business, (ii) to the Knowledge of any Seller, threatened against any Target Fund or against Seller in respect of any Target Fund, or (iii) to the Knowledge of Seller, pending or threatened against any sub-advisor of any Target Fund, in each case, before any arbitrator or before or by any Governmental Entity, official or self-regulatory body. There is no action, suit or proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of any Seller, threatened against Seller, before any arbitrator or any Governmental Entity or official or self-regulatory body which in any manner challenges or seeks to prevent, enjoin, alter or materially delay the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Except as set forth onSchedule 2.8, none of the Target Funds to which Seller is the Investment Advisor, Seller or, to the Knowledge of Seller, any sub-advisors of any Target Funds, have received any request from the SEC or any other governmental body or any self-regulatory authority for documents or information regarding (A) the practice of short-term buying or selling of any such Target Fund shares in order to exploit inefficiencies in the pricing of any Target Fund shares or (B) the receipt and transmission of orders to purchase or redeem any such Target Fund shares after 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
2.9Consents and Approvals.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.9, no consent, approval, waiver, authorization, notice or filing with any Governmental Entity or other third Person is required to be made or obtained by Seller in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by Seller of this Agreement.
2.10Contracts.
Seller represents thatSchedule 2.10 lists the following contracts and other agreements related to the Business to which Seller is a party:
| (i) | each agreement for the lease of personal property to or from any Person providing for lease payments in excess of $250,000 per annum; |
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| (ii) | each agreement under which it has created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed any indebtedness for borrowed money or any capitalized lease obligation, in excess of $250,000, or under which it has imposed a Lien on any of its assets, tangible or intangible; |
| (iii) | each agreement that materially restricts the ability of any Seller to engage in the Business; |
| (iv) | each license agreement (as licensor or licensee), other than licenses of off-the-shelf software entered into in the ordinary course of business; |
| (v) | any indenture, mortgage, promissory note, loan agreement, guaranty or other agreement or commitment for the borrowing of money; and |
| (vi) | each material agreement with any Seller or their Affiliates. |
Seller has made available to Purchaser a correct and complete copy of each written agreement to which it is a party listed inSchedule 2.10. Each such agreement is valid, binding and enforceable by Seller, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and subject to general principles of equity and the discretion of courts in granting equitable remedies, or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Seller is not in breach or default under any agreement, and no event has occurred which with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute a breach or default thereunder by Seller, or permit termination, modification, or acceleration by the other party thereto, except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
2.11Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.11 hereto, to the Seller’s Knowledge, no Target Fund as to which Seller is an Investment Advisor has any indebtedness, obligation, expense, claim, deficiency, guaranty or endorsement of any type, whether accrued, absolute, contingent, matured, unmatured or other (whether or not required to be reflected in the Fund Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP) which (i) exceeds $50,000 individually or in the aggregate and (ii) has (x) not been reflected on the Most Recent Statement of Business, or (y) arisen in the ordinary course of Business consistent with past practices since the date of the Most Recent Statement of Business.
2.12Licenses; Compliance with Laws.
(a) Seller holds all licenses, franchises, permits and authorizations necessary for the lawful conduct of its Business, except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Business is not being conducted by Seller in violation of any Laws of any Governmental Entity, except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Neither Seller nor any of the Target Funds for which it is an Investment Advisor has any agreements or understandings (i) with any individual shareholder or group of shareholders to permit or encourage the practice of short-term buying or selling of Target Fund shares or (ii) relating to the receipt and transmission of orders to purchase or redeem Target Fund shares after 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, other than arrangements with financial intermediaries (including, without limitation, retirement plan administrators) who are to receive orders from investors prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
(c) To the Knowledge of Seller, no hedge fund owned by Target Fund has (i) engaged in the practice of short-term buying or selling of shares of registered investment companies or (ii) placed orders to purchase or redeem such shares after 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
2.13Tax Matters.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.13, all of Seller’s Tax Returns are true and complete in all material respects. Seller has paid all Taxes shown to be due and payable on such Tax Returns, except to the extent that
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such amounts are recorded as a liability or reserved against on the Most Recent Statement of Business and, except as set forth onSchedule 2.13, have paid, or, as of the date of the Most Recent Statement of Business, have made adequate provision for and will pay when due, to the proper Governmental Entity all withholding amounts required to be paid to such Governmental Entity, except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth onSchedule 2.13, no agreements, waivers or other arrangements exist providing for an extension of time with respect to the filing of, payment by, or assessment against, Seller in respect of any Taxes. Except as set forth onSchedule 2.13, Seller is not a party to nor bound by any Tax sharing or allocation agreement or has any current or potential contractual obligation to indemnify any other Person with respect to Taxes. Seller has not been a real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable periods specified in such section. There are no Liens or security interests on any of the assets of Seller that arose in connection with any failure (or alleged failure) to pay any Tax. No claim has ever been made by an authority in a jurisdiction where Seller does not file Tax Returns that it is or may be subject to taxation by that jurisdiction. Seller does not expect any authority to assess any additional Taxes for any period for which Tax Returns have been filed. There is no dispute or claim concerning any Tax liability of Seller either claimed or raised by any authority in writing, or to the Knowledge of any Seller, threatened.Schedule 2.13 lists all jurisdictions in which Tax Returns are filed with respect to Seller and indicates those Tax Returns that have been audited or that are currently the subject of audit. Except as disclosed inSchedule 2.13, (i) each Target Fund has made, or will make, the election in Section 851(b) of the Code for its first federal income tax year for which it represented to its shareholders that it was a registered investment company (a “RIC”); (ii) except for its current federal income tax year, each Target Fund has qualified as a RIC for that first federal income tax year and for each succeeding federal income tax year; and (iii) each Target Fund has properly filed the Tax Returns that it is required to file, and has paid all Taxes that it is required to pay. This Section 2.13 contains the sole and exclusive representations and warranties of Sellers with respect to Taxes.
2.14Conduct of Business Since Date of Most Recent Statement of Business.
Except as set forth onSchedule 2.14, since the date of the Most Recent Statement of Business:
(a) the Business has not suffered a Material Adverse Effect;
(b) Seller has not sold, leased or otherwise disposed of any properties or assets, except in the ordinary course of business;
(c) Seller has not mortgaged, pledged or otherwise subjected any of the Acquired Assets to any Lien, other than Permitted Liens;
(d) no event, change, condition or other matter has occurred with respect to Seller, the Business or the Target Funds for which any Seller is an Investment Advisor that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(e) except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement and the Transaction Documents, Seller has not agreed to take any of the foregoing actions.
2.15Affiliate Transactions.
Except as identified onSchedule 2.15, no officer, director, stockholder or Affiliate of any Seller (i) is a party directly or indirectly to any agreement, contract, commitment or transaction with any other Seller or (ii) directly or indirectly has any material interest in any material property used by any Sellers.
2.16Brokers and Finders.
Except for amounts owed by Sellers to UBS Securities, LLC in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, there are no outstanding broker, finder or investment banker fees or commissions owed or to be owed by Sellers in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
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2.17Disclaimer of Warranties.
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT AND THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS (INCLUDING ALL EXHIBITS, SCHEDULES, CERTIFICATE AND ATTACHMENTS HERETO AND THERETO), SELLERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, RELATING TO THE BUSINESS OR THE ACQUIRED ASSETS.
2.18Representations Complete.
None of the representations or warranties made by any Seller in this Agreement or any Transaction Document, nor any Schedule, Exhibit, attachment or any certificate furnished by any Seller pursuant to this Agreement or any Transaction Document, when taken together, contains any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
ARTICLE 3.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASER.
Purchaser hereby represents and warrants to Sellers the following:
3.1Organization; Authority.
Purchaser is a corporation or a limited liability company (as applicable) duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware. Purchaser has the power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery by Purchaser of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the performance by Purchaser of its obligations hereunder and thereunder and the consummation by Purchaser of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized pursuant to and in accordance with the Laws governing Purchaser and no other proceedings on the part of Purchaser are necessary to authorize such execution, delivery and performance. This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which Purchaser is a party have been duly and validly executed and delivered by Purchaser and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by Sellers, constitute valid and binding obligations of Purchaser, enforceable against Purchaser in accordance with their terms, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by the bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and subject to general principles of equity and the discretion of courts in granting equitable remedies.
3.2No Violation.
The execution, delivery and performance by Purchaser of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby do not and will not conflict with or result in any violation of, or constitute a breach or default under (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default under), any term of the charter documents, bylaws or other organizational documents of Purchaser, any agreement, permit, indenture, deed of trust, mortgage, loan agreement or other instrument to which Purchaser is a party or by which Purchaser is subject, or any Law of any court or other Governmental Entity to which Purchaser is subject, except in each case such that individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect on the ability of Purchaser to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (a “Purchaser Material Adverse Effect”).
3.3Consents and Approvals.
Except as set forth onSchedule 3.3, no consent, approval, waiver, authorization, notice or filing with any Governmental Entity is required to be made or obtained by Purchaser in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by Purchaser of this Agreement.
3.4Adequacy of Funds.
Subject to receipt of Stockholder Approval, Purchaser currently has and as of the Closing will have all funds necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents
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to which it is a Party, including the payment at the Closing of the Purchase Price and all expenses incurred by Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.5Litigation.
Purchaser has not received any notice of any action, suit, inquiry, judicial or administrative proceeding, arbitration or investigation that is pending and, to the Knowledge of Purchaser, none of the foregoing is threatened against or involving Purchaser before any court, arbitrator or Governmental Entity, nor is there any judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any court, arbitrator or Governmental Entity outstanding against Purchaser, in each case relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or which, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a Purchaser Material Adverse Effect.
3.6Brokers and Finders.
There are no outstanding broker, finder or investment banker fees or commissions owed or to be owed by Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
3.7Statutory Disqualification.
(a) Neither Purchaser nor any “affiliated person” thereof, as defined in the 1940 Act, (i) is ineligible pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act to serve as an investment adviser to or principal underwriter of a registered investment company or (ii) has engaged or is currently engaging in any of the conduct specified in Section 9(b) of the 1940 Act.
(b) Neither Purchaser nor any “associated person” of Purchaser, as defined in the 1940 Act, is subject to any disqualification that, upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, would be a basis for censure, denial, suspension or revocation of registration of Purchaser or any Subsidiary as an investment adviser under Section 203(e) of the Advisers Act and there is no reasonable basis for, or proceeding or investigation, whether formal or informal, or whether preliminary or otherwise, that is reasonably likely to form the basis for, any such censure, denial, suspension or revocation.
(c) Neither Purchaser nor any “associated person” of Purchaser (i) is subject to a “statutory disqualification,” as such terms are defined in the Exchange Act, or (ii) is subject to a disqualification that, upon the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, would be a basis for censure, limitations on the activities, functions or operations of, or suspension or revocation of the registration of Purchaser or any Subsidiary of Purchaser as broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, government securities broker or government securities dealer under Section 15, Section 15B or Section 15C of the Exchange Act and there is no reasonable basis for, or proceeding or investigation, whether formal or informal, or whether preliminary or otherwise, that is reasonably likely to form the basis for, any such censure, limitations, suspension or revocation. No fact relating to Purchaser or any “control affiliate” thereof, as defined in Form BD, requires any response in the affirmative to any question in Item 11 of Form BD.
3.8Acknowledgment of Delivery of Assets.
Purchaser acknowledges that, except to the extent expressly set forth herein and in the Transition Services Agreement, although Seller is obligated to provide (through transfer of the Acquired Assets and certain obligations pursuant to the Transition Services Assets) sufficient assets to operate the Business, the design, integration, structuring and implementation of the Purchaser’s Business, the physical transfer (and if necessary reassembly) of any tangible Acquired Assets and the operation of the Business following the Closing Date, is the sole and absolute responsibility of the Purchaser.
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ARTICLE 4.PRE-CLOSING COVENANTS.
Each Seller and Purchaser hereby agree as follows between the Effective Date and the earlier to occur of the Closing Date and the termination of this Agreement in accordance with its terms:
4.1Satisfaction of Conditions.
Purchaser shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to cause the conditions precedent to the obligations of Purchaser set forth in Section 8.1 to be fulfilled and each Seller shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to cause the conditions precedent to the obligations of such Seller set forth in Section 8.2 to be fulfilled. Purchaser shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with Sellers to satisfy the conditions set forth in Section 8.2 and each Seller shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with Purchaser to satisfy the conditions set forth in Section 8.1.
4.2Conduct of the Business.
Except as reasonably contemplated as a result and in anticipation of the transactions contemplated hereby, each Seller shall use commercially reasonable efforts to continue to conduct the Business in the ordinary course and consistent with past practices, to keep the Business and operations intact and preserve its permits, rights, franchises, goodwill, retain the services of its key employees and to preserve its relationships with its clients, customers, landlords, suppliers and others with whom it does business. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Seller covenants and agrees that it shall not propose to enter into, amend, modify, supplement or terminate, or assign any right, obligation or interest under, any contract or agreement relating to any Target Fund, or take, with respect to the Business and the Target Funds, any of the following actions:
(a) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money, issue or sell any debt securities or prepay any debt, incur any liability or obligation (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise and whether direct or as guarantor or otherwise with respect to the obligations of others, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice) which would be an Assumed Liability or liabilities of any of the Target Funds;
(b) declare, set aside, make or pay a dividend or other distribution in respect of its capital stock or other equity interests or otherwise purchase or redeem, directly or indirectly, any shares of its capital stock or other equity interests, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or, in the case of any of the Sellers (but not the Target Funds), which would not materially impair the ability of such Seller to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby;
(c) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, mortgage, pledge or otherwise subject to any Lien, any of its properties or assets which, if owned by the Sellers, are to be Acquired Assets, tangible or intangible;
(d) take any action (other than in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby) other than actions in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(e) forgive or cancel any debts or claims, or waive any rights, except in exchange for fair value or in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(f) enter into any contract, agreement or other instrument that would be required to be disclosed to Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.10 if entered into prior to the date of this Agreement;
(g) pay any bonus to any Designated Employee or grant to any such person any other increase in his or her rate of compensation in any form other than (i) commissions owed under such current sales commission plans; (ii) in accordance with this Agreement; and (iii) those amounts set forth onSchedule 4.13(b);
(h) except as may be required by applicable Laws and after notice to Purchaser, adopt, or amend any employment, collective bargaining, bonus, profit-sharing, compensation, stock option, pension, retirement, deferred compensation or other plan, agreement, trust, fund or arrangement for the benefit of officers, directors, trustees, partners, stockholders, employees, sales representatives or agents;
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(i) hire or engage any senior advisors or management, terminate any Designated Employee or encourage any Designated Employee to resign;
(j) decrease the rate of compensation, in any form, of any Designated Employee;
(k) amend its declaration of trust or bylaws or any other organizational documents;
(l) terminate, amend, modify, change or waive any provision under any Non-Competition Agreement;
(m) change in any respect its accounting practices, policies or principles of the Business, except as may be required by applicable Laws or GAAP and after notice to Purchaser;
(n) incur any liability or obligation (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise and whether direct or as guarantor or otherwise with respect to the obligations of others) which would be an Assumed Liability or liabilities of any of the Target Funds, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or as otherwise permitted hereunder;
(o) make any changes in policies or practices relating to selling practices or other terms of sale or accounting therefore of the Business, including changes in fees, or in policies of employment unless required by applicable Laws or GAAP and after notice to Purchaser;
(p) create or organize any subsidiary or enter into or participate in any joint venture or partnership in connection with the Business;
(q) enter into any agreement or transaction with any Target Fund or make any amendment or modification to any agreement with a Target Fund unless required by applicable Laws or GAAP and after notice to Purchaser;
(r) enter into any settlement of any lawsuit, proceeding, enforcement or government action against any Seller in connection with the Business; and
(s) agree or commit to do any of the foregoing.
In addition, each Seller covenants and agrees that it shall not propose or encourage any Target Fund to have any of the foregoing actions taken by the board of trustees of the Target Funds, other than actions in the ordinary course of business or actions that would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on such Target Fund. Notwithstanding anything else contained in this section, this section shall not apply to the extent that the board of trustees of a Target Fund (i) independently determines to take any of the foregoing actions other than as a result of any solicitation, proposal, request, encouragement or recommendation made by any Seller or any of their respective employees, Affiliates, agents or advisors and (ii) specifically requires a Seller to carry out such action.
4.3Access.
Subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement between Purchaser and AAAMHI dated February 26, 2006 (the “Confidentiality Agreement”), Sellers shall permit representatives of Purchaser to have access at all reasonable times upon reasonable notice to all of Sellers’ properties, books and records of the Business in a manner that does not unreasonably interfere with the normal operations of the Business; provided, however, that all such requests for access shall be directed to AAAMHI or such other Person as AAAMHI may designate. Prior to the Closing, Purchaser shall not contact or otherwise communicate with the customers or suppliers of Sellers in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of AAAHMI, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
4.4Efforts; Consents; Regulatory and Other Authorizations.
(a) Each Party to this Agreement shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to (i) take, or cause to be taken, all appropriate action, and do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws or otherwise to promptly consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by
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this Agreement; (ii) obtain all authorizations, consents, orders and approvals of, and give all notices to and make all filings with, all Governmental Entities and other third parties that may be or become necessary for the performance of its obligations under this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including those consents set forth in the Schedules; (iii) lift or rescind any injunction or restraining order or other order adversely affecting the ability of the Parties to this Agreement to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (iv) fulfill all conditions to such Party’s obligations under this Agreement as promptly as practicable. Each Party to this Agreement shall cooperate fully with the other Parties to this Agreement in promptly seeking to obtain all such authorizations, consents, orders and approvals, giving such notices, and making such filings. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, in connection with obtaining such consents from third parties, no Party to this Agreement shall be required to make payments, or commence litigation. The Parties to this Agreement shall not take any action that is intended to have the effect of unreasonably delaying, impairing or impeding the receipt of any required authorizations, consents, orders or approvals in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) Each of Sellers and Purchaser agrees to supply promptly any additional information and documentary material that may reasonably be requested by any Governmental Entity (including the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice and the United States Federal Trade Commission), and shall cooperate in connection with any filing required under applicable Laws in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry concerning the transactions contemplated by this Agreement commenced by any Governmental Entity, including the SEC or the office of any state attorney general.
4.5Publicity.
Purchaser and Sellers shall cooperate with each other in the development and distribution of all news releases and other public disclosures relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Neither Purchaser or any of its Affiliates nor Sellers or any of their Affiliates shall issue or make, or allow to have issued or made, any press release or public announcement concerning the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the advance approval in writing (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of the form and substance thereof by the other Party, unless otherwise required by applicable legal requirements.
4.6Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act; Covenants.
(a) Purchaser acknowledges that Sellers have entered into this Agreement in reliance upon their belief that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement qualify for the benefits and protections provided by Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act. Purchaser shall not take, and shall use reasonable best efforts to cause its Affiliates not to take, any action not contemplated by this Agreement that would have the effect, directly or indirectly, of causing the requirements of any of the provisions of Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act not to be met in respect of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereunder.
(b) Sellers acknowledge that Purchaser has entered into this Agreement in reliance upon their belief that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement qualify for the benefits and protections provided by Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act. Sellers shall not take, and shall use reasonable best efforts to cause their Affiliates not to take, any action not contemplated by this Agreement that would have the effect, directly or indirectly, of causing the requirements of any of the provisions of Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act not to be met in respect of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereunder.
4.7Shareholder and Stockholder Approvals.
(a) Sellers shall use their respective reasonable best efforts to cause the Target Funds Shareholder Approval, including by preparing and mailing to the Target Funds Shareholders an information statement describing the transaction contemplated hereby (“Sellers’ Proxy Statement”) and by holding the shareholder meeting as promptly as practicable, but in no event later than November 30, 2006.
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(b) Purchaser shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Stockholder Approval, including by preparing and mailing to Purchasers stockholders a proxy statement describing the transaction contemplated hereby (“Purchaser Proxy Statement”) and by holding a stockholders meeting as promptly as practicable, but in no event later than November 30, 2006.
4.8Proxy Statements; Shareholder Approval.
Subject to Trustee Approval first being obtained, if applicable:
(a) Promptly after the date hereof, Sellers shall cause to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the Target Funds one or more supplements to each Target Fund’s prospectus and SAI, in a form acceptable to Purchaser, reflecting the execution of this Agreement and other related matters.
(b) Each Party covenants that any information or data provided by it that describes such Party or its Affiliates for inclusion in any document filed with the SEC or the National Association of Securities Dealers or any other regulatory body will not contain, at the time any such supplements or amendments become effective, any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made.
(c) All costs and expenses relating to (i) the Sellers’ Proxy Statement and (ii) the solicitation made in connection with the Target Funds Shareholder Approval, including, but not limited to, legal (other than legal fees and expenses of Purchaser’s counsel), printing, and mailing expenses, shall be paid by Sellers.
(d) Sellers covenant to cooperate with Purchaser and provide all assistance reasonably requested by Purchaser including providing all information regarding the Sellers, the Target Funds and the Business reasonably necessary for Purchaser to prepare the Purchaser Proxy Statement and, solicit and obtain the Stockholder Approval. Purchaser covenants to cooperate with and provide all assistance reasonably requested by Sellers including providing all information regarding Purchasers reasonably necessary for Sellers to prepare the Seller’s Proxy Statements and supplements to the Target Funds’ prospectus and SAI.
4.9Delivery of Financial Information.
Without limiting the provisions of Section 4.8, Sellers (i) shall use reasonable best efforts to deliver to Purchaser within thirty (30) days after the Effective Date (A) historical unaudited and, to the extent required, audited financial statements of the Target Funds and of the Business necessary for the Purchaser Proxy Statement (collectively, the “Requisite Financial Statements”) and shall cooperate with Purchaser in connection with the preparation of related pro forma financial statements, in each case that comply with either (1) the requirements of Regulation S-X under the rules and regulations of the SEC (as interpreted by the staff of the SEC) for financial statements that would be required to be included in a Definitive Proxy Statement filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act or (2) the requirements set forth in clause 1 except as the staff of the SEC may permit Purchaser by waiver of such requirements (in either case (1) or (2), together with customary reports and “comfort” letters of Seller’s independent public accountants) and (B) an unaudited balance sheet of the Seller’s Business at March 31, 2006 (or any applicable subsequent periods), and the related unaudited statement of income and cash flows of Seller’s Business for the applicable-month period then ended prepared in conformity with Section 2.5 and (ii) shall provide and make reasonably available upon reasonable notice the senior management employees of the Seller to discuss the materials prepared and delivered pursuant to this Section 4.9. To the extent that Ernst & Young is unable to or does not deliver its audit report with respect to the audited portion of the Requisite Financial Statements within forty-five (45) days of the Effective Date (the “E&Y Outside Delivery Date”), Purchaser’s obligations under Section 4.7 shall be tolled for a period of time equal to the number of days from the E&Y Outside Delivery Date to the actual date such audited Requisite Financial Statements are delivered to Purchaser. Notwithstanding the forgoing, to the extent Sellers are not able to cause delivery of all Requisite Financial Statements within ninety (90) days of the Effective Date, Purchaser shall have the right to terminate this Agreement.
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4.10Certain Proposals.
Until the earlier of the Closing Date and the date of termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.3 hereof, no Seller shall (nor shall any Seller permit any of its advisors, agents, representatives or Affiliates to), directly or indirectly, take any of the following actions with any Person other than Purchaser and its designees: (i) solicit, encourage, seek, entertain, support, assist, initiate or participate in any inquiry, negotiations or discussions, or enter into any agreement, with respect to any offer or proposal to acquire all or any material part of the Business, assets or interests of the Target Funds, whether by merger, purchase of assets, purchase of securities, tender offer, license or otherwise, or effect any such transaction (a “Proposal”), (ii) disclose any Confidential Information to any Person concerning the Business, properties or assets of the Target Funds (other than in the ordinary course of business, as required by law or in response to the request of a Governmental Entity), or afford to any Person access to their respective properties, books or records, not customarily afforded such access except as required by law or in response to the request of a Governmental Entity, (iii) assist or cooperate with any Person to make any Proposal, or (iv) enter into any agreement with any Person with respect to a Proposal. The Sellers shall immediately cease and cause to be terminated any such negotiations, discussions or agreements (other than with any Purchaser or its designees) that are the subject matter of clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above. In the event that any Seller or any of the Sellers’ Affiliates shall receive, prior to the Closing Date or the termination of this Agreement, any offer, proposal, or request, directly or indirectly, with respect to a Proposal, or any request for disclosure or access as referenced in clause (ii) above, such Seller shall immediately (x) suspend any discussions with such offeror or Person with regard to such offer, proposal, or request and (y) notify Purchaser thereof, including information as to the material terms of the Proposal. Notwithstanding anything else contained in this Section 4.10, Sellers shall not be bound by the provisions of this Section 4.10 to the extent the board of trustees of a Target Fund: (i) independently determines to take any of the foregoing actions other than as a result of any solicitation, proposal, request, encouragement or recommendation made by any Seller or any of their respective employees, Affiliates, agents or advisors and (ii) specifically requires a Seller to carry out such action.
4.11Separately Managed Account Consents.
Sellers shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the written consent of each Separately Managed Account client to a new Separately Managed Account Contract.
4.12Highbury Trust Account.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, each Seller hereby acknowledges that Highbury Financial Inc. has established a trust account at Lehman Brothers, Inc., maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee (the “Trust Account”), for the benefit of the stockholders of Highbury Financial Inc. Each Seller hereby agrees that no Seller (including any Affiliate of any Seller) shall have any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies in the Trust Account (“Claim”), to the extent such monies are in the trust account, and hereby waives any Claim such Seller or any of its Affiliates may have in the future as a result of, or arising out of, this Agreement and will not seek recourse against the Trust Account for any reason whatsoever. Without limiting the foregoing, each Seller hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Trust Account is not a party to this Agreement and shall have no liability pursuant hereto. Notwithstanding the forgoing, no provision contained herein shall limit Sellers’ right to make a Claim against such monies to the extent such monies are released from the Trust Account to Purchaser, directly or indirectly (including to the selling parties in a business combination).
4.13Payments by Sellers.
(a)Non-Compete Payments. Immediately prior to the Closing Date, Sellers shall pay an aggregate amount equal to $2,500,000 in cash to the Persons listed onSchedule 4.13(a) in the amounts as set forth next to each Person’s name pursuant to the terms of the Non-Competition Agreements. In the event that, prior to the Closing Date, any Person listed onSchedule 4.13(a) ceases to be employed by Sellers by reason of death or disability, the amount otherwise payable by Sellers to such Person shall be reallocated and paid by Sellers on a pro rata basis to all other Persons listed onSchedule 4.13(a) who had not died or become so disabled prior to the Closing Date.
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(b)Payments to Designated Employments. Prior to the Closing, Sellers shall pay in cash to each Designated Employee the amounts set forth onSchedule 4.13(b) as set forth next to each Designated Employees name in consideration of accrued compensation payments to the extent such Designated Employee is employed by a Seller or their Affiliates on the day immediately preceding the Closing Date.
4.14Retirement Benefits of Designated Employees.
For each Designated Employee who terminates their employment with a Seller to work for Purchaser, AAAMHI will, no later than the Closing Date and in accordance with Seller’s existing policies and Laws, use reasonable efforts to cause its Affiliates to provide a statement to each Designated Employee which contains their pension benefits, if any, including, without limitation, any applicable vesting, under any and all retirement plans of Sellers and their Affiliates.
ARTICLE 5.POST-CLOSING COVENANTS.
5.1Further Assurances.
Upon the reasonable request of either Party at any time after the Closing, the other Party shall promptly execute and deliver such documents and instruments and take such additional action as the requesting Party may reasonably request to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement.
5.2Books and Records; Personnel.
Each Party hereby covenants and agrees as follows:
(a)Access to Records. Purchaser shall, for a period of seven (7) years after the Closing Date, allow Sellers reasonable access to all business records and files of the Business relating to the period prior to the Closing Date, upon prior written request of Sellers and during normal working hours at the principal places of business of Purchaser or at any location where such records and files are stored or at any location where Purchaser, at its sole discretion, shall make such files available to Sellers, and Sellers shall have the right, at their own expense, to make copies of any such records and files; provided, however, that any such access or copying shall be had or done in such a manner so as not to interfere with the normal conduct of the Business. Purchaser may reasonably limit the number of Sellers’ representatives who are given access to any physical location of Purchaser. All information obtained pursuant to this Section 5.2(a) shall be kept confidential pursuant to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement. Each Seller acknowledges and agrees the Purchaser shall have no obligation to retain records or files related to the Business that at any time are over seven (7) years old and may discard such records or files without any notice to Sellers.
(b)Assistance with Records. Each Party (an “Assisting Party”) shall make available to each other Party, consistent with the reasonable business requirements of such other Party and at such other Party’s sole expense, (i) Assisting Party’s personnel to assist such Party in locating and obtaining records and files maintained by Purchaser, and (ii) any of Purchaser’s personnel whose assistance or participation is reasonably required by Sellers in anticipation of, or in preparation for, any existing or future litigation, Tax or other matters in which Sellers or any of their past, present or future Affiliates are involved and which are related to the Business.
(c)Retention of Copies. The Parties hereby agree that following the Closing Date the Confidentiality Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. At the Closing Sellers shall deliver all copies of the Confidential Information of the Business to Purchaser; except that Sellers may, subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, retain a complete set of Confidential Information of the Business for the limited purpose of: (i) using such Confidential Information as may be expressly contemplated under this Agreement or the Transaction Documents; and (ii) producing such Confidential Information to the extent compelled by Law to disclose such Confidential Information pursuant to subsection (d) of this Section. At any time following the seven-year anniversary of the Closing Date, upon request of the Purchaser, Sellers shall promptly destroy all Confidential Information in their possession, including all copies.
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(d)Required Disclosure. In the event that either Purchaser or a Seller is compelled by Law to disclose any Confidential Information of any other Person, it is agreed that such Party will provide the other Parties to this Agreement with prompt notice of any such request or requirement so that the other Parties may seek an appropriate protective order or waive compliance with the provisions of this Section 5.2 and the Confidentiality Agreement. If, failing the entry of a protective order or the receipt of a waiver hereunder, such Party is, in the opinion of its counsel, compelled to disclose Confidential Information, such Party may disclose only that portion of the Confidential Information which its counsel advises such Party that it is compelled by Law to disclose.
5.3Retained Names and Marks; Co-Branding.
(a) Purchaser hereby acknowledges that all right, title and interest in and to the names set forth inSchedule 5.3(a), together with all direct variations or known or obvious acronyms thereof, including without limitation any logos or trademarks thereof (the “Retained Names and Marks”), are owned exclusively by Sellers, and that, except as expressly provided in a Sub-Advisory License Agreement, any and all right, title and interest of Sellers in and to the Retained Names and Marks, along with any and all goodwill associated therewith, remain the property of Sellers following the Closing. Purchaser further acknowledges that it has no rights, and is not acquiring any rights, to use the Retained Names and Marks, except as provided herein or in a Sub-Advisory License Agreement. Each Seller represents and warrants that it has the right and authority to grant to Purchaser the licenses granted by such Seller in the Sub-Advisory License Agreement. The Purchaser represents and warrants that, together with its Affiliates, it has the right and authority to use the Licensee Marks (as such term is defined in the Sub-Advisory License Agreement).
(b) To the extent that the Sub-Advisory License Agreement does not then permit the use of any one or more of the Retained Names and Marks, Purchaser shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Target Funds to file amended organizational documents with the appropriate authorities changing its corporate name to a corporate name that does not contain (i) such Retained Names and Marks or (ii) any such names or marks that include or incorporate the name ABN AMRO, and to supply copies of such amended organizational documents if requested by Sellers.
(c) Sellers agree that Purchaser shall have no responsibility for claims made by third parties following the Closing Date arising out of, or relating to use by the Sellers of, any Retained Names or Marks and Sellers shall indemnify and hold harmless Purchaser and its Affiliates from any and all such claims.
(d) Each Seller acknowledges that Purchaser shall be permitted to co-brand a Target Fund in the name of the Purchaser (including any of its Affiliates or assigns) and the Seller serving as the sub-advisor to such Target Fund.
5.4Covenant Not to Compete.
(a) During the Restricted Period, Sellers and their Affiliates shall not:
| (i) | Sponsor, advise or sub-advise, use or permit the use of any of the Retained Names or Marks with respect to, any 1940 Act registered mutual funds or other similar collective investment vehicles principally sold or marketed in the United States (“Mutual Funds”); provided that Sellers and their Affiliates (A) may continue to sponsor, advise or sub-advise the Excluded Funds; and (B) may provide sub-advisory services with respect to new Mutual Fund investment products which have been presented to and negotiated with Purchaser in good faith for sixteen (16) weeks (including the applicable Seller agreeing to provide seed capital) and as to which Purchaser and Seller were unable to mutually agree, following good faith negotiations, upon the terms by which Purchaser or its Affiliates would serve as the investment advisor and Seller or its Affiliates would serve as the sub-advisor with respect to such new product. For purposes of clarification, “Mutual Funds” shall not include: (Y) an Alternative Investment Vehicle; or (Z) collective investments solely among related parties (i.e., collective investments limited to a company and its subsidiaries or family members of a single family). |
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| (ii) | Solicit, or if in Sellers’ control permit, a client of a Target Fund to withdraw all or any portion of such client’s investments from a Target Fund for the purpose of investing in any alternate investment product as to which Seller or any of its Affiliates provides investment advisory or sub-advisory services, except as permitted by (iii) below. |
| (iii) | Accept funds from clients of Target Funds for purposes of creating a separately managed account managed in the style of such Target Fund, unless such client and his, her or its Affiliates collectively provide Sellers not less than $40 million of total investment dollars to manage in such style, in which case Sellers and its Affiliates may permit the withdrawal of, and shall be permitted to accept for management in such style, any assets invested at such time by such client or its Affiliates in such Target Fund. |
(b) Intentionally omitted.
(c) Notwithstanding any of the forgoing, Sellers and their Affiliates may acquire an interest in, purchase, merge with or into or engage in any other business combination (whether characterized as an acquisition or a disposition, and whether structured as a merger, consolidation, combination, sale of assets, sale of stock or other equity interests, joint venture or otherwise) (a “Business Combination”) with a third party (collectively with its Affiliates, the “Target”), and continue to operate the business of the Target without restriction so long as one of the following three conditions is satisfied:
| (i) | less than 20% of the net revenues of the Target for the most recent twelve (12) month period for which financial statements are reasonably available at the time of Sellers or its Affiliates entry into definitive agreements with respect to such Business Combination (the “Applicable Period”) are derived from the sponsorship, advising or sub-advising of Mutual Funds and principally sold or marketed in the U.S., excluding net revenues arising from the distribution of mutual funds advised by entities unaffiliated with Target and/or any Seller; |
| (ii) | Sellers use commercially reasonable efforts to sell or wind down the U.S. Mutual Fund portion of the Target’s business as soon as is commercially practicable to the extent that it represents more than 20% of the net revenues of the Target for the Applicable Period; or |
| (iii) | the total purchase price paid for Target’s business exceeds $2.5 billion. |
(d) Sellers and their Affiliates will not be deemed to engage in any of the businesses of any publicly traded corporation solely by reason of ownership of less than 5% of the outstanding stock of such corporation.
(e) Sellers may market funds that are not managed, advised or sub-advised by any Seller or any Affiliate of a Seller.
5.5Non-solicitation.
(a) For a period of five (5) years following the Closing Date, each Seller agrees that no Seller nor any Affiliate of any Seller shall directly or indirectly employ or hire, or attempt to employ or hire, as an employee, consultant or advisor any of the Persons listed onSchedule 5.5, or in any manner seek to solicit or induce any such Person to leave his or her employment or business relationship with the Purchaser, or assist in the recruitment or hiring of any such Person. Sellers agree that, following the Closing Date, Purchaser is free to hire any employee, consultant or advisor of any Seller, any Affiliate of any Seller, or any Target Fund. Each Seller further covenants and agrees that it shall release, and shall cause any Affiliate to release, (x) the Purchaser from any restriction or obligation imposed on the Purchaser, including, without limitation, any restrictions set forth in the Confidentiality Agreement, which might be breached or violated if the Purchaser were to solicit any Person listed onSchedule 5.5 to become an employee of or consultant to, or provide services to, Purchaser or if any Person listed onSchedule 5.5 were to become an employee of or consultant to, or provide services to, Purchaser and (y) each of the Persons listed onSchedule 5.5 from any restriction or obligation imposed on such Person which might be breached or violated if such Person were to become an employee of or consultant to, or provide services to, Purchaser.
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5.6Investment Subadvisory Agreements.
(a) Sellers covenant and agree that, notwithstanding the provisions of Investment Subadvisory Agreements, no Seller may terminate an Investment Subadvisory Agreement or take any action which results in a termination of an Investment Subadvisory Agreement without the prior written consent of Purchaser prior to the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date; provided that Sellers may terminate any Investment Subadvisory Agreement for any Selected Fund at any time following the Closing. The Sellers acknowledge that an Investment Subadvisory Agreement shall terminate automatically with respect to a Target Fund in the event the Investment Subadvisory Agreement is assigned (including a deemed assignment) and agree that any assignment (or deemed assignment) of an Investment Advisory Agreement shall constitute a breach by the applicable Seller of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything in Article 7 to the contrary, the obligations of the Sellers and the rights of the Purchaser under this Section 5.6(a) shall survive for a period of five (5) years following the Closing Date.
(b) With respect to each of the Target Funds identified onSchedule 5.6(b), to the extent that any Seller is serving as a sub-advisor of such Target Fund (or a successor thereto), such sub-advisor agrees to accept (to the extent that Purchaser’s customers seek to make investments in such Target Fund) for sub-advising additional investments in the Target Funds after the Closing Date in an aggregate amount not less than the net additional capacity amount specified inSchedule 5.6(b) with respect to such Target Fund (such net additional capacity amount available at any time being equal to the amount set forth inSchedule 5.6(b)less the aggregate amount of additional investments made after the Closing Dateplus the aggregate amount of investments withdrawn after the Closing Date).
(c) No Seller shall take, nor permit any Affiliate to take, any action designed to violate or circumvent the provisions of this Section 5.6.
5.7Seed Money.
The Sellers will cause the “seed money” currently invested in the Target Funds on behalf of the Sellers and/or their Affiliates as set forth onSchedule 5.7 to remain in the Target Funds until the earlier of (i) three (3) years after the Closing Date or (ii) with respect to any Target Fund, such time as the amount of seed money in such Target Fund comprises less than fifty percent (50%) of such Target Fund’s assets under management. The “seed money” amounts applicable to each Target Fund are as set forth inSchedule 5.7.
5.8Subsequent Sale of the Business By Purchaser.
(a) Purchaser and Sellers agree that if the Business is sold (whether by merger, stock sale, sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Business or otherwise), other than to a Person who was an Affiliate of Purchaser (a “Subsequent Sale Transaction”) prior to the consummation of such transaction, prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date for a Subsequent Price (as determined pursuant to Section 5.8(c) below) that exceeds the sum of the Purchase Price and the Purchaser Cap Amount, then the Purchaser shall pay AAAMHI, immediately following the consummation of such Subsequent Sale Transaction, 50% of the positive difference of the Subsequent Price and the Purchase Price.
(b) In the event that a Subsequent Sale Transaction is consummated after the first anniversary, but prior to the second anniversary, of the Closing Date for a Subsequent Price that exceeds the Purchase Price, Purchaser shall at the closing of such transaction pay to AAAMHI the Purchaser Cap Amount, and the parties shall have no further obligations pursuant to Section 1.5 hereunder.
(c) For the purposes of this Section 5.8, the “Subsequent Price” shall equal:
| (i) | in the case of a sale of assets or similar transaction, the fair market value as of the date of determination of aggregate net proceeds payable to the Purchaser (or any of its subsidiaries), after the payment of all corporate taxes and similar fees and charges, all transaction fees and expenses (including but not limited to accounting, legal and investment banking fees) and all costs and expenses incurred in connection therewith; or |
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| (ii) | in the case of a merger, stock sale or similar transaction, the sum of (x) the fair market value as of the date of determination of the aggregate consideration (whether cash, notes stock or other securities) actually received by Purchaser or its stockholders minus all transaction fees and expenses (including but not limited to accounting, legal and investment banking fees) and all costs and expenses incurred by Purchaser or its stockholders in connection therewith, plus (y) without any duplication of amounts included pursuant to clause (x), the fair market value as of the date of determination of all the capital stock not transferred, if any, by the stockholders of the Purchaser in connection therewith; |
provided, however, that in the event that after the Closing Date, but prior to the consummation of the Subsequent Sale Transaction, the purchaser has consummated additional material acquisitions, and the Subsequent Sale Transaction includes the businesses or assets acquired in such transactions, the “Subsequent Price” shall be the portion of the amount determined pursuant to clause (i) or (ii), as applicable, which is allocable to the Business as mutually agreed by Purchaser and AAAMHI (subject to Section 5.8(d), in the event that they are unable to mutually agree). For the purpose of calculating the fair market value of (x) any publicly traded equity securities issued as consideration, the fair market value of such securities shall equal the average closing trading price of such securities over the thirty-day period prior to the date of the consummation and (y) any other assets, the fair market value of such assets shall be as mutually agreed by Purchaser and AAAMHI (subject to Section 5.8(d), in the event that they are unable to mutually agree). To the extent that the Subsequent Price includes any escrowed or contingent consideration, such consideration shall be included for the purposes of calculation herein when and if paid to the Purchaser, its subsidiaries or any of their respective stockholders, and payment pursuant to Section 5.8(a) shall be made with respect to such portion of the Subsequent Price simultaneously with such payment to the Purchaser, its subsidiaries or any of their respective stockholders.
(d) The Purchaser shall deliver written notice of any Subsequent Sale not less than thirty (30) days prior to the consummation thereof, and to the extent that such transaction is contemplated to be consummated prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date shall include, in reasonable detail, the terms and conditions of such transaction, including without limitation, the consideration to be received and the assets to be sold. If the contemplated closing of such Subsequent Sale is to occur prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, and either (x) the consideration to be received includes non-cash assets or (y) the sale includes subsequently acquired businesses of the Purchaser or its subsidiaries, then (1) Purchaser shall provide AAAMHI reasonable access (subject to an appropriate confidentiality agreement) to such information as necessary for it to determine the fair market value of any non-cash assets and/or the portion of the purchase price payable in such Subsequent Sale which is allocable to the Business and (2) the parties shall negotiate in good faith to resolve any issues regarding such fair market value and/or purchase price allocation (the “Disputed Items”). In the event that the parties are unable to agree within thirty (30) days of the delivery of the notice required by the first sentence of this Section 5.8(d) upon all Disputed Items, any such Disputed Items as to which they were unable to agree shall be determined by binding arbitration, subject to the same provisions as provided inSection 1.5(e).
ARTICLE 6.TAX MATTERS.
6.1Tax Cooperation and Exchange of Information.
AAAMHI and Purchaser shall provide each other with such cooperation and information as either of them reasonably may request of the other (and Purchaser shall cause the Business to provide such cooperation and information) in filing any Tax Return, amended Tax Return or claim for refund, determining a liability for Taxes or a right to a refund of Taxes or participating in or conducting any audit or other proceeding in respect of Taxes with respect to the Acquired Assets. Such cooperation and information shall include providing copies of relevant Tax Returns or portions thereof, together with related work papers and documents relating to rulings or other determinations by taxing authorities. Sellers and Purchaser shall make themselves (and their respective employees) reasonably available on a mutually convenient basis to provide explanations of any documents or
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information provided under this Section 6.1. Each of Sellers and Purchaser shall retain all Tax Returns, work papers and all material records or other documents in its possession (or in the possession of its Affiliates) relating to Tax matters of the Business for any taxable period that includes the Closing Date and for all prior taxable periods until the later of (i) the expiration of the statute of limitations of the taxable periods to which such Tax Returns and other documents relate, without regard to extensions, or (ii) six (6) years following the due date (without extension) for such Tax Returns. After such time, before Sellers or Purchaser shall dispose of any such documents in their or its possession (or in the possession of their or its Affiliates), the other Party shall be given an opportunity, after ninety (90) days’ prior written notice, to remove and retain all or any part of such documents as such other Party may select (at such other Party’s expense). Any information obtained under this Section 6.1 shall be kept confidential, except as may be otherwise necessary in connection with the filing of Tax Returns or claims for refund or in conducting an audit or other proceeding.
6.2Conveyance and Personal Property Taxes.
(a) Sellers shall be liable for, shall hold Purchaser and its successors and permitted assigns and Affiliates harmless against, and agree to pay any and all sales, use, value-added, transfer, stamp, stock transfer, real property transfer or gains and similar Taxes that may be imposed upon, or payable or collectible or incurred in connection with, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
(b) Personal property Taxes for any taxable period that includes the Closing Date shall be prorated between Sellers and Purchaser according to the number of days in such taxable period before the Closing Date and the number of days in such taxable period on or after the Closing Date. As and when such personal property Taxes become due and payable, Purchaser shall pay Sellers’ portion on behalf of Sellers, and Sellers shall reimburse Purchaser for such amount within ten (10) days of receiving notice of payment from Purchaser.
6.3Allocation of Purchase Price.
The Purchase Price shall be allocated among the Acquired Assets as subsequently agreed by Purchaser and AAAMHI, which shall reflect the allocation methodology required by Section 1060 of the Code and the rules and regulations thereunder. Each of Purchaser and Sellers hereby agrees to timely file IRS Form 8594 based on the fair market values and allocations of the Purchase Price as subsequently agreed by Purchaser and AAAMHI and to act in accordance with the allocation set forth therein in the filing of all other Tax Returns for the tax year that includes the Closing Date, and any other forms or statements required by the Code, Treasury Regulations, the Internal Revenue Service or any applicable state or local or foreign governmental authority, and in the course of any Tax proceeding.
6.4Miscellaneous.
(a) For Tax purposes, the Parties agree to treat all payments made under this Article 6 or under any other indemnity provisions contained in this Agreement, and for any breaches of representations, warranties, covenants or agreements, as adjustments to the Purchase Price.
(b) For purposes of this Article 6, all references to Purchaser, Sellers, Affiliates and the Business include successors.
ARTICLE 7.INDEMNIFICATION.
7.1Indemnification by Sellers.
Subject to the limitations set forth in this Article 7, AAAMHI and AAIFS, jointly and severally with each other and with each of the other Sellers, and each of the other Sellers, severally but not jointly, shall indemnify Purchaser and its successors, permitted assigns and their respective Affiliates, officers, directors, agents and employees (collectively, the “Purchaser Indemnified Parties”) from and against any and all losses, costs, fines,
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liabilities, claims, penalties, damages and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred in the investigation and defense of claims and actions) (collectively, “Losses”) resulting from, in connection with or arising out of:
(a) any breach of any representation or warranty made by any Seller in Article 2 of this Agreement (including the Schedules) or in any closing certificate executed and delivered by any Seller in connection with this Agreement (disregarding, for purposes of this Section 7.1, any “materiality,” “in all material respects,” “Material Adverse Effect,” or similar qualification contained therein or with respect thereto for purposes of determining whether there has been a breach thereof);
(b) breach of any covenant made by any Seller in this Agreement;
(c) any Excluded Liabilities;
(d) regardless of any disclosure on the Schedules, arise from or relate to the LaSalle Litigation or the Trading Investigation;
(e) if the Working Capital Amount is less than $3,500,000 (the amount by which the Working Capital Amount is less than $3,500,000 shall, for such purposes, be deemed a Loss); or
(f) any action, suit or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing.
7.2Purchaser’s Indemnification.
Subject to the limitations set forth in this Article 7 and Section 4.12, Purchaser shall indemnify and hold harmless Sellers and their respective successors, permitted assigns, Affiliates, officers, directors, agents and employees from and against and in respect of any and all Losses resulting from, in connection with or arising out of:
(a) any breach of any representation or warranty made by Purchaser in Article 3 of this Agreement or in any closing certificate executed and delivered by Purchaser in connection with this Agreement (disregarding, for purposes of this Section 7.1, any “materiality,” “in all material respects,” “Material Adverse Effect,” or similar qualification contained therein or with respect thereto for purposes of determining whether there has been a breach thereof and for purposes of calculating Losses with respect to any breach);
(b) any breach of any covenant made by Purchaser in this Agreement;
(c) any Assumed Liabilities; or
(d) any action, suit or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing.
7.3Indemnification Procedures.
(a)Procedures Relating to Indemnification. In the event that a third party (including, without limitation, any Governmental Entity) files a lawsuit, enforcement action or other proceeding against a Person entitled to indemnification under this Article 7 (an “Indemnified Party”) or the Indemnified Party receives notice of, or becomes aware of, a condition or event that otherwise entitles such Party to the benefit of any indemnity hereunder in connection with a claim by a third party (including, without limitation, any Governmental Entity) (a “Third Party Claim”), the Indemnified Party shall give written notice thereof (the “Claim Notice”) promptly to each Party obligated to provide indemnification pursuant to this Article 7 (an “Indemnifying Party”). The Claim Notice shall describe in reasonable detail the nature of the claim, including an estimate, if practicable, of the amount of Losses that have been or may be suffered or incurred by the Indemnified Party attributable to such claim and the basis of the Indemnified Party’s request for indemnification under this Agreement.
(b)Conduct of Defense. An Indemnifying Party shall have the right to conduct at its expense the defense against such Third Party Claim in its own name, or, if necessary, in the name of the Indemnified
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Party, upon written notice thereof delivered to the Indemnified Party promptly after receipt of the applicable Claim Notice. When the Indemnifying Party conducts the defense, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to approve the defense counsel representing the Indemnifying Party in such defense, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. If the Indemnifying Party assumes the defense of any such Third Party Claim: (i) the Indemnifying Party shall proceed to defend such Third Party Claim in a diligent manner; and (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall be prohibited from compromising or settling the claim except in accordance with the provisions of Section 7(e) hereof. The Indemnifying Party shall have the right to withdraw from the defense of any Third Party Claim with respect to which the Indemnifying Party had previously delivered a notice at any time upon reasonable notice to the Indemnified Party.
(c)Conduct by Indemnified Party. Notwithstanding Section 7.3(b) hereof, in the event that (i) the Indemnifying Party elects in writing not to assume the defense of the Third Party Claim pursuant to Section 7.3(b), (ii) the Indemnifying Party withdraws from the defense of a Third Party Claim as contemplated by Section 7.3(b), or (iii) a conflict of interest exists which, under applicable principles of legal ethics, could reasonably be expected to prohibit a single legal counsel from representing both the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party in such proceeding, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to conduct such defense in good faith at the Indemnifying Party’s expense with counsel reasonably acceptable to the Indemnifying Party, which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
(d)Cooperation. In the event that the Indemnifying Party elects to conduct the defense of such Third Party Claim in accordance with Section 7.3(b), the Indemnified Party shall cooperate with and make available to the Indemnifying Party (at such Indemnifying Party’s expense) such assistance, personnel, witnesses and materials as the Indemnifying Party may reasonably request. Regardless of which Party defends such Third Party Claim, the other Party shall have the right at its expense to participate in the defense assisted by counsel of its own choosing.
(e)Settlements.
| (i) | Without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), the Indemnifying Party shall not enter into any settlement of any Third Party Claim if, pursuant to or as a result of such settlement, such settlement would result in any liability on the part of the Indemnified Party for which the Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder. If a firm offer is made to settle a Third Party Claim, which offer the Indemnifying Party is permitted to settle under this Section 7.3, and the Indemnifying Party desires to accept and agree to such offer, the Indemnifying Party shall give written notice to the Indemnified Party to that effect. If the Indemnified Party objects to such firm offer within ten (10) days after its receipt of such notice, the Indemnified Party may continue to contest or defend such Third Party Claim and, in such event, the maximum liability of the Indemnifying Party as to such Third Party Claim shall not exceed the amount of such settlement offer, plus other Losses paid or incurred by the Indemnified Party up to the point such notice had been delivered. |
| (ii) | Regardless of whether the Indemnifying Party assumes the defense of a Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall not enter into any settlement of any Third Party Claim without the prior written consent of the Indemnifying Party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). |
7.4Nature of Other Liabilities.
In the event any Indemnified Party should have a claim against any Indemnifying Party hereunder that does not involve a Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall promptly transmit to the Indemnifying Party a written notice describing in reasonable detail the nature of the claim and the basis of the Indemnified Party’s request for indemnification under this Agreement.
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7.5Certain Limitations on Remedies; Consequential Damages.
No Indemnified Party shall be entitled to assert any claim or claims for indemnification or reimbursement pursuant to this Article 7 (other than a claim under Section 7.1(e)) until such time as the aggregate amount of all claims by such Indemnified Party hereunder exceeds $300,000 (the “Basket”), at which time all such claims (including the Basket amount) may be asserted, subject to the other limitations set forth in this Article 7. In no event shall any Indemnified Party be entitled to indemnification or reimbursement pursuant to this Article 7 in an amount which, together with all previously indemnified amounts paid hereunder to such Indemnified Party and/or its Affiliates, exceeds the sum of $9,000,000 (the “SubCap”) plus, after final determination of the adjustment of the Purchase Price pursuant to Section 1.5, any Contingent Adjustment Remainder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, each Party acknowledges that (i) the foregoing limitations do not apply to any fraud by or on behalf of an Indemnifying Party or to any claim under Section 7.1(d) or 7.1(e) and (ii) except in the case of fraud, the indemnification provisions set forth in this Article 7 constitute the sole and exclusive recourse and remedy of the Indemnified Parties with respect to the breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement or in any closing certificate executed and delivered in connection herewith or otherwise in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no Party shall be liable to any Indemnified Party with respect to any exemplary or punitive damages other than with respect to any such damages claims by, or awards to, a third party other than any Party hereto or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates. For the purposes of calculating any consequential damages component of Losses, the Parties agree that such calculation shall be made with reference to a comparison between the value of the Business as of the Effective Date and the amounts paid to Sellers pursuant to Article 1 hereof.
7.6Subrogation.
After any indemnification payment is made to any Indemnified Party pursuant to this Article 7, the Indemnifying Party shall, to the extent of such payment, be subrogated to all rights (if any) of the Indemnified Party against any third party in connection with the Losses to which such payment relates. Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence, any Indemnified Party receiving an indemnification payment pursuant to the preceding sentence shall execute, upon the written request of the Indemnifying Party, any instrument reasonably necessary to evidence such subrogation rights.
7.7Survival of Representations and Warranties.
The respective representations and warranties of each of the Parties to this Agreement shall survive the Closing and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and shall remain in full force and effect for a period of 24 months after the Closing Date (the “Survival Period”); provided that if a Claim Notice or written notice pursuant to Section 7.4 setting forth in reasonable detail an alleged breach relating to any representation or warranty is given to an Indemnifying Party during the Survival Period, then, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 7.7, the Indemnified Party shall be entitled to receive indemnification for the subject matter of such Claim Notice or written notice if such claim is resolved in favor of the Indemnified Party, even if the time of when such Claim Notice has been fully and finally resolved occurs after the Survival Period; provided, further, that in the event that a claim is limited because it exceeds the SubCap prior to determination of the Contingent Adjustment Remainder, such claim may be asserted and reserved prior to the end of the Survival Period pending final calculation of the Contingent Adjustment Remainder and affirmatively determined promptly thereafter.
ARTICLE 8.CONDITIONS TO CLOSING; TERMINATION.
8.1Conditions to Obligations of Purchaser.
The obligation of Purchaser to consummate the Purchase and Sale under this Agreement is subject to the fulfillment, at or prior to the Closing, of the following conditions:
(a)Representations and Warranties of Sellers. The representations and warranties made by Sellers in this Agreement (including the Schedules), the Transaction Documents and in any certificate delivered by
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any Seller hereunder shall be true and correct on and as of the Effective Date and on and as of the Closing Date, as if again made by Sellers on and as of such date (in the case of this clause (a) without regard to any “material,” “in all material respects,” “Material Adverse Effect,” dollar amount, “$” or similar qualification contained therein or with respect thereto), except for inaccuracies that individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)Performance of Sellers’ Obligations. Each Seller shall have delivered all documents and instruments described in Section 1.7 and shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required under this Agreement by Sellers on or prior to the Closing Date.
(c)Pending Proceedings. No injunction, restraining order or other ruling or order issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or Governmental Entity or other legal restraint or prohibition preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be in effect.
(d)Consents and Approvals. Those consents, waivers, authorizations and approvals set forth inSchedule 8.1(d) shall have been obtained (the “Consents”), and Sellers shall have delivered a copy of documents evidencing each such Consent to Purchaser.
(e)Advisory Contracts. The requisite approvals shall have been obtained for the Investment Advisory Contract and each Investment Subadvisory Contract. The Investment Advisory Contract and each Investment Subadvisory Contract shall have been executed and delivered to the Purchaser, and shall by its terms become effective upon the Closing Date.
(f)Trustee and Target Funds Shareholder Approvals. The Trustee Approval and Target Funds Shareholder Approval shall have been obtained for Target Funds having assets under management representing at least 90% of the assets under management of all Target Funds (calculated in each case, as of the Effective Date), and each such Target Fund shall have executed and delivered to Purchaser an Investment Advisor Agreement.
(g)Material Adverse Effect. No event, change, condition or other matter shall have occurred that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to any Seller or any Target Fund.
(h)Trustee Resignation. Julian Ide shall have resigned as Fund Trustee.
(i)Stockholder Approvals. The Stockholder Approvals shall have been obtained.
(j)Working Capital Amount. The Working Capital Amount shall be equal to or greater than $3,500,000.
8.2Conditions to Obligations of Sellers.
The obligations of Sellers to consummate the Purchase and Sale under this Agreement are subject to the fulfillment, at or prior to the Closing, of the following conditions:
(a)Representations and Warranties of Purchaser. The representations and warranties made by Purchaser in this Agreement (including the Schedules), the Transaction Documents and in any Certificate delivered by the Purchaser hereunder shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Effective Date and the Closing Date, as if again made by Purchaser on and as of such date (in the case of this clause (a) without regard to any “material,” “in all material respects,” “Material Adverse Effect,” dollar amount, “$” or similar qualification contained therein or with respect thereto), except to the extent the failure to be so true and correct would not reasonably be expected to impair the ability of Purchaser to consummate the Purchase and Sale.
(b)Performance of Purchaser’s Obligations. Purchaser shall have delivered all documents and instruments described in Section 1.8 and shall have otherwise performed in all material respects all obligations required under this Agreement to be performed by Purchaser on or prior to the Closing Date.
(c)Pending Proceedings. No injunction, restraining order or other ruling or order issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or Governmental Entity or other legal restraint or prohibition preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be in effect.
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(d)Consent and Approvals. The Consents shall have been obtained.
(e)Trustee and Target Funds Shareholder Approvals. The Trustee Approval and Target Funds Shareholder Approval shall have been obtained for Target Funds having assets under management representing at least 90% of the assets under management of all Target Funds (calculated in each case, as of the Effective Date), and Purchaser shall have executed and delivered to each such Target Fund, an Investment Advisor Agreement .
(f)Stockholder Approvals. The Stockholder Approvals shall have been obtained.
8.3Termination.
(a)Methods of Termination. This Agreement may, by written notice, be terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned at any time prior to the Closing:
| (i) | by mutual consent of AAAMHI and Purchaser; |
| (ii) | by either Purchaser or Sellers, if a Governmental Entity shall have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action, in each case permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become final and nonappealable; |
| (iii) | by Purchaser, at any time when any Seller is in breach of any covenant pursuant to this Agreement or in any schedule or documents delivered in connection herewith or if any representation or warranty of any Seller is false or misleading (except such as individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect); provided that such condition is not the result of any breach of any covenant, representation or warranty of Purchaser set forth herein or in any closing certificate delivered pursuant to the terms hereof; and provided further that such breach shall not have been cured, in the case of a covenant, within ten (10) business days following receipt by the breaching Party of notice of such breach or, in the case of a representation or warranty which is reasonably capable of a cure without any adverse consequences with respect to the Business, the Acquired Assets, the Target Funds, the Acquisition or the rights of the Purchaser hereunder, on or prior to the date on which the conditions other than the accuracy of the representation and warranty in question would be satisfied for the Closing; |
| (iv) | by AAAMHI, at any time when Purchaser is in breach of any of its material covenants pursuant to this Agreement or if any representation or warranty of Purchaser is false or misleading in any material respect; provided that such condition is not the result of any breach of any covenant, representation or warranty of Sellers set forth in any Transaction Document; and provided further that such breach shall not have been cured, in the case of a covenant, within ten (10) business days following receipt by the breaching Party of notice of such breach or, in the case of a representation or warranty which is reasonably capable of a cure without any adverse consequences with respect to the Business, the Acquired Assets, the Target Funds, the Acquisition or the rights of the Sellers hereunder, on or prior to the date on which the conditions other than the accuracy of the representation and warranty in question would be satisfied for the Closing; |
| (v) | by Purchaser as permitted pursuant to Section 4.9; |
| (vi) | by either Purchaser or AAAMHI if the Closing has not occurred on or before December 31, 2006; provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement shall not be available to any Party whose breach (or breach by any Affiliate of such Party) of any covenant or agreement pursuant to this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before such date; or |
| (vii) | by either Purchaser or AAAMHI if the Trustee Approval or Target Funds Shareholder Approval shall not have been obtained for all Target Funds on or before December 31, 2006. |
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(b)Procedure and Effect of Termination. In the event of termination of this Agreement and abandonment of the transactions contemplated hereby pursuant to this Section 8, this Agreement shall become void and have no effect except that (a) the Confidentiality Agreement shall survive any termination of this Agreement, and (b) notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, no Party shall be relieved or released from any liability or damages arising out of any breach of any covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement by any Party prior to the date of termination, unless the termination is effected pursuant to Section 8.3(a)(i).
ARTICLE 9.MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.
9.1Successors and Assigns.
This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the Parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns; provided, however, that neither Party shall assign or delegate this Agreement or any of its rights or obligations created hereunder, except to an Affiliate, without the prior consent of the other Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
9.2Remedies.
Article 7 contains the exclusive remedies for all claims by and between the Parties relating to this Agreement (other than those pursuant to Section 5.4) and any closing certificate executed and delivered by the Parties in connection herewith and the transactions contemplated hereby, all of which claims shall be made pursuant to, and subject to, Article 7. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each of the Parties acknowledges and agrees that the other Parties would be damaged irreparably in the event any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or are otherwise breached. Accordingly, each of the Parties agrees that the other Parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and to enforce specifically this Agreement and the terms and provisions hereof in any action instituted in any court having jurisdiction over the Parties and the matter in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled pursuant hereto.
9.3Notices.
All notices, requests, consents, instructions and other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and hand delivered, sent by nationally recognized, next-day delivery service or mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as set forth below; receipt shall be deemed to occur on the date of actual receipt. All such communications shall be addressed as follows:
| (a) | if to Purchaser, as follows: |
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Bingham McCutchen, LLP
150 Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attention: Michael A. Conza, Esq.
Fax: (617) 951-8736
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ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
161 North Clark Street, 9th Floor
Chicago, Illinois 60601-2468
Attention: Seymour A. Newman
Fax: (312) 884-2449
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP
7800 Sears Tower 233
South Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606-6404
Attention: Michael D. Rosenthal, Esq.
Fax: (312) 876-7934
or to such other address or Persons as the Parties may from time to time designate in writing in the manner provided in this Section 9.3.
9.4Entire Agreement.
This Agreement, together with the Schedules and Exhibits attached hereto, the Confidentiality Agreement and the other Transaction Documents represent the entire agreement and understanding of the Parties hereto with respect to the transactions contemplated herein and therein, and no representations, warranties or covenants have been made in connection with this Agreement, other than those expressly set forth herein and therein, or in the certificates delivered in accordance herewith or therewith. Except for the Confidentiality Agreement, this Agreement supersedes all prior negotiations, discussions, correspondence, communications, understandings and agreements among the Parties relating to the subject matter of this Agreement and such other agreements and all prior drafts of this Agreement and such other agreements, all of which are merged into this Agreement.
9.5Amendments and Waivers.
This Agreement may be amended, superseded, cancelled, renewed or extended, and the terms hereof may be waived, only by a written instrument signed by Purchaser and Sellers or, in the case of a waiver, by the Party waiving compliance or by such Party’s representative. No delay on the part of either Party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any waiver on the part of either Party of any such right, power or privilege, nor any single or partial exercise of any such right, power or privilege, preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other such right, power or privilege.
9.6Severability.
This Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof.
9.7Headings.
The article and section headings contained in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement or of any term or provision hereof.
9.8Terms.
All references herein to Articles, Sections, Schedules and Exhibits shall be deemed references to such parts of this Agreement, unless the context shall otherwise require. All references to singular or plural shall include the other as the context may require. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the words “herein,” “hereof,” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Section, Subsection or other subdivision. The words “include” and “including” shall not be construed as terms of limitation. The word “or” shall mean “and/or” unless the context requires otherwise.
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9.9Reference to Sellers and Selected Funds.
(a) Notwithstanding anything herein, no Seller (other than AAAMHI and AAIFS) shall be deemed to have made any representation or warranty regarding, or any covenant or agreement with respect to, any other Seller or any portion of the Business, assets, liabilities, condition (financial and otherwise), prospects, relationships or operations of, or the Target Fund advised by, any other Seller, it being acknowledged and agreed that each Seller (other than AAAMHI and AAIFS) is making the representations and warranties and covenants and agreements contained herein on a several and not a joint basis solely as to such Seller and its business, assets, liabilities, condition (financial and otherwise), prospects, relationships and operations and with respect to the Target Funds which it advises. AAAMHI and AAIFS are making the representations and warranties and covenants and agreements contained herein, jointly and severally, regarding AAAMHI, AAIFS and all of the other Sellers and their respective, businesses, assets, liabilities, conditions (financial and otherwise), prospects, relationships and operations and with respect to the Target Funds which any of them advises.
(b) The Parties acknowledge and agree that the Sellers do not currently employ or engage an investment manager with respect to the Selected Funds. The Parties agree that the Seller shall have no obligations hereunder to employ an investment manager or following the Closing Date to otherwise take or refrain from taking any actions in connection with the operation, advising or sub-advising of the Selected Funds (including, without limitation, compliance with the covenants set forth in Section 4.2 hereof); provided, however, that Sellers agree to consult with Purchaser prior to taking any action specified in Section 4.2 with respect to the Selected Funds.
9.10Governing Law; Jurisdiction and Venue.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to choice of Law principles. Each Party hereto hereby agrees that any proceeding relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be brought in a state court located in the borough of Manhattan in New York, New York or a federal court located in the borough of Manhattan in New York, New York. Each Party hereto hereby consents to personal jurisdiction in any such action brought in any such state or federal court, consents to service of process by registered mail made upon such Party and such Party’s agent and waives any objection to venue in any such state or federal court and any claim that any such state or federal court is an inconvenient forum.
9.11Schedules and Exhibits.
The Schedules and Exhibits attached hereto are a part of this Agreement as if fully set forth herein.
9.12No Third-Party Beneficiaries.
Except as expressly contemplated in this Agreement, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each Party hereto and nothing in this Agreement is intended to confer upon any other Person any rights or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.
9.13Expenses.
Except as expressly provided otherwise in this Agreement, Sellers and Purchaser each shall bear its own respective transaction fees and expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel, accountants, investment bankers, brokers, finders or other representatives and consultants) incurred in connection with the preparation, execution and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. Sellers agree to defend, indemnify and hold Purchaser harmless from and against any claim, demand, or cause of action for broker, finder or investment banker fees or commissions asserted by any Person or entity engaged by or claiming to be engaged by Sellers or any of their Affiliates in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
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9.14Construction.
The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the Parties to express their mutual intent and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against either Party.
9.15Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall be considered one and the same agreement.
9.16Knowledge.
The representations, warranties, covenants and obligations of the Sellers, and the rights and remedies that may be exercised by the Purchaser Indemnified Parties based on such representations, warranties, covenants and obligations, will not be limited or affected by any investigation conducted by Purchaser or any agent of Purchaser with respect to, or any knowledge acquired (or capable of being acquired) by Purchaser or any agent of Purchaser at any time, whether before or after the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Closing, with respect to, the accuracy or inaccuracy of or compliance with any such representation, warranty, covenant or obligation. The waiver by Purchaser of any of the conditions set forth in Section 8.1 will not affect the provisions of this Section.
9.17Definitions.
“1940 Act” shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
“ABN AMRO Funds” shall mean a registered open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware business trust and operating as a series fund, formed on September 10, 1993, and formerly known as the Alleghany Funds.
“Acquired Assets” shall mean all of the assets used or useful in, or otherwise related to, the Business, including, without limitation: (i) all of Sellers’ interest in all customer lists, prospectuses and marketing lists with respect to the Target Funds, (ii) those assets listed onSchedule 1.1, (iii) all of Sellers’ interest in the Separately Managed Accounts including all books and records and related contracts, and (iv) the assigned contracts, Business Proprietary Rights (other than the Retained Names and Marks), books and records related to the servicing of the Target Funds and the furniture, fixtures and equipment used in the Business; provided that Acquired Assets shall not include the Excluded Assets.
“Advisers Act” shall mean the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
“Affiliate” of any Person shall mean a Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person.
“Alternative Investment Vehicle” shall mean (i) any collective investment vehicle (such as a hedge fund, venture capital fund or private equity fund) in which a material portion of the consideration to be received by the investment adviser, manager, or general partner consists of an interest in the profits of the vehicle and (ii) any collective investment vehicle (such as a side car, side-by-side or friends and family fund) which is managed on a parallel basis with any of the foregoing but which may not provide the investment adviser, manager, or general partner an interest in the profits thereof.
“Approved Target Funds” means those Target Funds for which the Trustee Approval and the Target Funds Shareholder Approval has been obtained and is in effect as of the Closing, and new funds or classes of funds which are advised by Purchaser and sub-advised by Sellers following the Closing.
“Assumed Liabilities” shall mean those liabilities of the Business specifically identified onSchedule 1.3 hereto.
“Calculation Date” shall mean the last day of the month during which the second anniversary of the Closing Date occurs.
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“Calculation Date Revenue” means two times the aggregate investment advisory fees generated under the Investment Advisory Contract applicable to the Approved Target Funds during the Determination Period, less two times the aggregate amount of any fee waivers, reimbursement obligations and/or similar offsets or arrangements effected during the Determination Period.
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“Confidential Information” shall mean all trade secrets and other proprietary or confidential information of the Business including, without limitation, all (i) financial statements, cost reports and forecasts of the Business, (ii) contract proposals, bidding information and negotiating strategies of the Business, (iii) pricing structures of the Business, (iv) policies and procedures of the Business, (v) management systems and procedures of the Business, (vi) business plans and projections of the Business, (vii) lists of, or other nonpublic information regarding, actual or potential products and customers of the Business, (viii) the terms of this Agreement or any other contract or agreement of Sellers relating solely to the Business, (ix) inventions and discoveries, (x) all information related to the Business the confidentiality of which Sellers are required (whether by law, contract or otherwise) to maintain, and (xi) other documents, writings, memoranda, illustrations, designs, plans, processes, programs, computer software, reports, customer lists, trade secrets and all other valuable or unique information and techniques acquired, developed or used by Sellers solely with respect to the Business relating to their respective operations, employees and customers that is (a) sufficiently secret to derive economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known to other Persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use and (b) the subject of efforts that are reasonable under the circumstances to maintain its secrecy or confidentiality. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following will not constitute “Confidential Information” for purposes of this Agreement: (w) Confidential Information which was legally already in Purchaser’s possession prior to its receipt from Seller; (x) Confidential Information which is legally obtained by Purchaser from a third person; (y) Confidential Information which is required to be disclosed by Law, a court or other Governmental Entity; and (z) Confidential Information which is or becomes publicly available through no fault of Purchaser.
“Contingent Adjustment Amount” shall mean the amount calculated pursuant to Section 1.5(c).
“Contingent Adjustment Remainder” shall mean the amount, if any, equal to $3,800,000 less any amount paid by Sellers to Purchaser pursuant to Section 1.5.
“Designated Employee” shall mean those Persons listed onSchedule 4.2(j).
“Determination Period” means the six (6) month period ending on, and including, the Calculation Date.
“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Excluded Assets” shall mean (i) the rights of Sellers under this Agreement and any other agreement or document executed by Sellers in connection with this Agreement, (ii) all of Sellers’ consolidated cash and cash equivalents, other than the cash included in the Acquired Assets necessary to provide the Working Capital Amount of $3,500,000, (iii) all of Sellers’ receivables accrued through the close of business on the day preceding the Closing Date, (iv) the minute books and stock ledgers of the Sellers, (v) all rights, demands, claims, actions and causes of action (whether for personal injuries or property, consequential or other damages of any kind) that Sellers or any of their Affiliates may have, on or after the date hereof, against any Governmental Entity for refund or credit of any type with respect to Taxes for any pre-Closing tax period, (vi) the capital stock of Sellers and their Affiliates, (vii) any contracts of Sellers evidencing funded indebtedness of Sellers, (viii) any and all rights accruing and/or payments received or receivable under any director’s and officer’s liability policies that name the Sellers as beneficiaries, (ix) rights, assets and contracts that are not in any manner related to, or used in, the Business, (x) any investment advisory and sub-advisory contracts and agreements which do not directly or indirectly relate to the Target Funds, (xi) rights under insurance policies maintained by, or for the benefit of, Sellers or their Affiliates (other than the Target Funds), and (xii) such other assets of Sellers specifically listed onSchedule 1.2 hereto.
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“Excluded Funds” shall mean those funds held, advised or subadvised by any Seller as of the Closing Date that are listed onExhibit A-3 hereto; provided that in order to remain an Excluded Fund pursuant to this Agreement such fund must be continuously operated in substantially the same manner, and must be of substantially the same nature, in each case as it is as of the Effective Date, including that such fund must (i) if a money market fund, remain a money market fund; (ii) be marketed to the same class of investors and in the same geographic area as on the Effective Date; and (iii) maintain substantially similar investment objectives as are in effect on the Effective Date.
“Excluded Liabilities” shall mean all of the liabilities, obligations and duties of Sellers of any kind whatsoever, whether or not accrued or fixed, absolute or contingent, or determined or determinable, other than the liabilities specifically included in the definition of Assumed Liabilities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Excluded Liabilities shall include all liabilities, obligations and duties of Sellers that are not Assumed Liabilities.
“Exhibits” shall mean the exhibits attached hereto and made a part of this Agreement.
“GAAP” shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in effect in the United States of America at the time of determination, and which are consistently applied.
“Governmental Entity” means the United States of America or any other nation, any state or other political subdivision thereof, or any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial (including courts), regulatory or administrative functions of government.
“Income Tax” means any Tax imposed on, or measured by, net income.
“Income Tax Return” means any return, declaration, report, claim for refund or information return or statement relating to Income Tax, including any schedule or attachment thereto, and including any amendment thereof.
“Independent Accounting Firm” means PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP.
“Investment Advisory Contract” or “Investment Advisory Contracts” shall mean individually or collectively those fee generating agreements entered into between Purchaser and each Target Fund in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto asExhibit M, with such economic terms as set forth inSchedule 9.17 hereto.
“Investment Subadvisory Contract” or “Investment Subadvisory Contracts” shall mean individually or collectively those fee generating agreements entered into between Purchaser and each Selling Registered Adviser in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto asExhibit I, with such economic terms as set forth inSchedule 9.17 hereto.
“Knowledge” (or any form of such term, such as “Knows,” “Known,” etc.) as used in this Agreement with respect to Sellers’ awareness of the presence or absence of a fact, event or condition shall mean actual, then present knowledge of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, Gerald Dillenburg, Christine Dragon and Seymour Newman or any facts or circumstances that would be known after due inquiry or with respect to Purchaser’s awareness of the presence or absence of a fact, event or condition shall mean actual, then present knowledge of Bruce Cameron, Richard Foote, and Bradley Forth or any facts or circumstances that would be known after due inquiry.
“LaSalle Litigation” shall mean any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise arising out of, or relating to the conversion of LaSalle Bank, N.A. individual managed accounts and/or common trust funds to the Rembrandt Funds family of mutual funds (the “Conversion”), including but not limited to theHughes federal litigation (Hughes v. LaSalle Bank, N.A., 02 Civ. 684 (S.D.N.Y.))
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and related state action (Hughes v. LaSalle Bank, N.A., Index No. 105423/01 (N.Y. Supreme Ct., N.Y. County)) or any regulatory, administrative or legal proceedings, including without limitation arbitrations, shareholder class actions, derivative actions or other litigation arising out of or related to the Conversion.
“Law” or “Laws” means any federal, state and foreign laws, statutes, regulations, rules, ordinances, decrees, injunctions, orders and judgments.
“Lien” shall mean any mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest or other encumbrance.
“Material Adverse Effect” means, with respect to Sellers, any change, event or effect (a) that is materially adverse to the Business or to the assets, financial condition, liabilities, results of operations or prospects of the Business taken as a whole, or (b) that would have a material adverse effect on the ability of Sellers to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, in each case other than, solely for purposes of Sections 8.1(a) and 8.1(h), any change, event or effect to the extent arising from or relating to (i) the United States or the global economy or securities markets in general, (ii) acts of terrorism or war (whether or not declared) occurring after the date hereof, (iii) the industry in which Sellers operate generally (and which are not specific to the Business and which do not affect the Business disproportionately as compared to other companies which compete with the Business), or (iv) changes in any applicable Law or accounting principles after the date hereof.
“Non-Competition Agreements” means those certain Employee Noncompetition, Nonsolicitation and Nondisclosure Agreements between AAAMHI or AAIFS and those Persons listed onSchedule 4.13(a) which shall be assigned to the Purchaser as of the Closing Date.
“Party” and “Parties” mean a party or the parties to this Agreement set forth on the signature page hereof.
“Permitted Liens” as used in this Agreement shall mean those Liens listed onSchedule 1.5, consisting of (i) Liens that are purchase money, workmen’s or similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business, and (ii) Liens reflected in the Fund Financial Statements (which have not been discharged).
“Person” shall mean any individual, partnership, corporation, company, limited liability company, trust or other entity.
“Proprietary Rights” means all patents, patent applications, patent disclosures, technology and inventions; trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, corporate names and Internet domain names, together with all goodwill associated therewith (including all translations, adaptations, derivations and combinations of the foregoing); copyrights and copyrightable works; and registrations, applications and renewals for any of the foregoing; provided that Proprietary Rights do not include any Retained Names and Marks.
“Purchaser Cap Amount” shall mean $3,800,000.
“Record Date” means the applicable determination date, as determined by the trustees for each applicable Target Fund, for which the holders of the shares of such Target Fund are declared for purposes of voting on whether to approve the transaction proposals contemplated by this Agreement.
“Restricted Period” shall mean (y) for each Seller (or any of their Subsidiaries) the longer of five (5) years or one (1) year after its termination as a sub-adviser of the applicable Target Funds and (z) for all other Affiliates of Seller, five (5) years.
“SAI” means Statement of Additional Information.
“Schedules” means the disclosure schedules attached hereto and made a part of this Agreement.
“SEC” shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
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“Selected Funds” shall mean the Target Funds which are indicated to be Selected Funds onExhibit A-1.
“Seller Cap Amount” shall mean $3,800,000.
“Selling Registered Adviser” shall mean each of the Sellers other than AAAMHI and AAIFS.
“Separately Managed Accounts” shall mean a group of smaller client accounts for which AAMI and its subadvisors provide portfolio design and construction which are listed onExhibit A-2.
“Separately Managed Account Contract” shall mean individually or collectively those fee generating agreements entered into between Purchaser and the clients of the Separately Managed Accounts.
“Stockholder Approval” means the approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by the stockholders of Purchaser holding the requisite number of shares necessary to approve such transactions;provided however that Stockholder Approval shall not be deemed to have been obtained if public stockholders of Highbury Financial Inc. owning twenty percent (20%) or more of the shares purchased by such public stockholders both vote against the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and exercise their conversion rights to convert their stock into an allocable share of the Highbury Financial Inc. trust account.
“Sub-Advisory License Agreements” means those License Agreements between Purchaser and each Seller serving as a subadvisor, executed, delivered and effective as of the Closing, in the form attached hereto asExhibit C.
“Subsidiary” of any Party shall mean (a) a corporation, a majority of the voting or capital stock of which is, at the time, directly or indirectly owned by such Party and (b) any other Person (other than a corporation) in which such Party, directly or indirectly, (i) owns a majority of the equity or other interest thereof and (ii) has the power to elect or direct the election of a majority of the members of the governing body of such Person or otherwise has control over such Person (e.g., as the managing partner of a partnership).
“Target Fund” or “Target Funds” shall mean those series of the ABN AMRO Funds set forth on the attachedExhibit A-1.
“Target Funds Shareholders” means those shareholders holding shares in Target Funds as of the Record Date.
“Target Funds Shareholder Approval” means, with respect to any Target Fund, the approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by Target Funds Shareholders holding the requisite number of shares necessary to approve such transactions, including, without limitation, the approval of the Investment Advisory Contracts and Investment Subadvisory Contracts.
“Target Revenue” shall mean $38,000,000.
“Tax” and “Taxes” means any federal, state, local or foreign net income, alternative or add-on minimum, gross income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, transfer, gains, goods and services, value-added, registration, stamp, recording, commodity, documentary, franchise, license, excise, employment, employee health, payroll, withholding or minimum tax, or any other tax of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest or any penalty, addition to tax or additional amount imposed by any Governmental Entity.
“Tax Return” means any return, report or similar statement required to be filed with respect to any Taxes (including any attached Schedules), including any information return, claim for refund, amended return and declaration of estimated Tax.
“Trading Investigation” shall mean any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise arising out of, or relating to any frequent trading or late trading in any of the Target
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Funds occurring prior to the Closing Date, including but not limited to any actions brought by the New York Attorney General or any shareholder class actions, derivative actions or other litigation arising out of the same or similar allegations.
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Confidentiality Agreement, Transition Services Agreement, Investment Advisory Contracts, the Separately Managed Account Contracts, the Investment Subadvisory Contracts, the Sub-Advisory License Agreements and all other agreements, instruments, certificates and other closing documents entered into or delivered by either Party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
“Trustee Approval” shall mean the approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, the Investment Advisory Contracts and the Investment Subadvisory Contracts) by the requisite percentage of the trustees of each of the Target Funds, including a majority of the directors who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Target Funds, in accordance with the charter and bylaws of the ABN AMRO Funds and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act.
“Working Capital” shall mean the current assets less the current liabilities of the Business immediately after the Closing as calculated according to GAAP; provided that all assets and liabilities of the Purchaser existing immediately prior to the Closing shall be ignored for purposes of such calculation and provided further that any non-cash assets will be included in “Working Capital” only if and to the extent approved by Purchaser in writing.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
| | |
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
| |
By: | | Highbury Financial Inc. |
Its: | | Managing Member |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ NANCY J. HOLLAND |
Name: | | Nancy J. Holland |
Title: | | President |
|
ABN AMRO INVESTMENT FUND SERVICES, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ SEYMOUR A. NEWMAN |
Name: | | Seymour A. Newman |
Title: | | Treasurer |
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ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ NANCY J. HOLLAND |
Name: | | Nancy J. Holland |
Title: | | President |
|
TAMRO CAPITAL PARTNERS LLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ SEYMOUR A. NEWMAN |
Name: | | Seymour A. Newman |
Title: | | Treasurer |
|
VEREDUS ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ JAMES R. JENKINS |
Name: | | James R. Jenkins |
Title: | | Vice President and Chief Operating Officer |
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| | |
|
RIVER ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ R. ANDREW BECK |
Name: | | R. Andrew Beck |
Title: | | President |
|
MONTAG & CALDWELL, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ WILLIAM A. VOGEL |
Name: | | William A. Vogel |
Title: | | Chief Executive Officer |
Asset Purchase Agreement
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Exhibit A-1
TARGET FUNDS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Legal Fund Name | | Fund # | | Ticker | | CUSIP | | Authorized Capital Stock as of the Capitalization Date | | Par Value | | Issued and Outstanding Stock as of the Capitalization Date |
ABN AMRO / Balanced Fund—Class N* | | 131 | | CHTAX | | 00078H364 | | Unlimited | | 10.84 | | 15,956,854 |
ABN AMRO / Bond Fund—Class I* | | 220 | | CTBIX | | 00078H331 | | Unlimited | | 9.69 | | 7,521,683 |
ABN AMRO / Bond Fund—Class N* | | 120 | | CHTBX | | 00078H323 | | Unlimited | | 9.69 | | 14,324,323 |
ABN AMRO / Growth Fund—Class I | | 233 | | CTGIX | | 00078H398 | | Unlimited | | 22.97 | | 19,571,803 |
ABN AMRO / Growth Fund—Class N | | 133 | | CHTIX | | 00078H380 | | Unlimited | | 22.66 | | 39,203,490 |
ABN AMRO / Growth Fund—Class R | | 933 | | CCGRX | | 00078H422 | | Unlimited | | 22.53 | | 49,807 |
ABN AMRO / High Yield Bond Fund—Class I | | 222 | | ABHBX | | 00078H166 | | Unlimited | | 9.95 | | 1,014,187 |
ABN AMRO / High Yield Bond Fund—Class N | | 122 | | AHBNX | | 00078H174 | | Unlimited | | 9.95 | | 1,107,315 |
ABN AMRO / Investment Grade Bond Fund—Class I* | | 221 | | IOFIX | | 00078H455 | | Unlimited | | 9.14 | | 3,547,129 |
ABN AMRO / Investment Grade Bond Fund—Class N* | | 121 | | ANVGX | | 00078H182 | | Unlimited | | 9.14 | | 397,565 |
ABN AMRO / Mid Cap Fund—Class I | | 232 | | ABMIX | | 00078H158 | | Unlimited | | 23.30 | | 3,145,915 |
ABN AMRO / Mid Cap Fund—Class N | | 132 | | CHTTX | | 00078H315 | | Unlimited | | 23.21 | | 23,633,216 |
ABN AMRO / Mid Cap Growth Fund—Class N | | 147 | | ABMGX | | 00080Y306 | | Unlimited | | n/a | | n/a |
ABN AMRO / Municipal Bond Fund—Class N* | | 110 | | CHTMX | | 00078H356 | | Unlimited | | 10.25 | | 6,737,272 |
ABN AMRO / Real Estate Fund—Class I | | 243 | | AARIX | | 00080Y108 | | Unlimited | | 16.23 | | 2,015,976 |
ABN AMRO / Real Estate Fund—Class N | | 143 | | ARFCX | | 00078H620 | | Unlimited | | 16.23 | | 3,379,786 |
ABN AMRO / Value Fund—Class I | | 240 | | AAVIX | | 00080Y207 | | Unlimited | | 12.16 | | 15,847,421 |
ABN AMRO / Value Fund—Class N | | 140 | | RVALX | | 00078H844 | | Unlimited | | 12.15 | | 7,870,288 |
ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Balanced Fund—Class N | | 130 | | MOBAX | | 00078H273 | | Unlimited | | 16.41 | | 2,971,503 |
ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund—Class N | | 134 | | MCGFX | | 00078H299 | | Unlimited | | 23.35 | | 42,491,792 |
ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund—Class R | | 934 | | MCRGX | | 00078H414 | | Unlimited | | 23.23 | | 30,250 |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced Fund—Class I | | 230 | | MOBIX | | 00078H265 | | Unlimited | | 16.39 | | 1,196,640 |
Montag & Caldwell Growth—Class I | | 234 | | MCGIX | | 00078H281 | | Unlimited | | 23.44 | | 73,705,906 |
ABN AMRO / River Road Dynamic Equity Income Fund—Class N | | 161 | | ARDEX | | 00078H133 | | Unlimited | | 9.91 | | 537,264 |
ABN AMRO / River Road Small Cap Value Fund—Class N | | 160 | | ARSVX | | 00078H125 | | Unlimited | | 10.28 | | 612,567 |
ABN AMRO / TAMRO Large Cap Value Fund—Class N | | 139 | | ATLVX | | 00078H224 | | Unlimited | | 12.40 | | 1,741,693 |
ABN AMRO / TAMRO Small Cap Fund—Class I | | 238 | | ATSIX | | 00078H141 | | Unlimited | | 15.67 | | 729,705 |
ABN AMRO / TAMRO Small Cap Fund—Class N | | 138 | | ATASX | | 00078H216 | | Unlimited | | 15.63 | | 9,529,315 |
ABN AMRO / Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund—Class I | | 235 | | AVEIX | | 00078H240 | | Unlimited | | 18.57 | | 8,417,786 |
ABN AMRO / Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund—Class N | | 135 | | VERDX | | 00078H257 | | Unlimited | | 18.35 | | 29,938,438 |
ABN AMRO / Veredus SciTech Fund—Class N | | 137 | | AVSTX | | 00078H232 | | Unlimited | | 7.11 | | 640,396 |
ABN AMRO / Veredus Select Growth Fund—Class N | | 144 | | AVSGX | | 00078H489 | | Unlimited | | 11.88 | | 1,116,878 |
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Exhibit C
SUB-ADVISORY LICENSE AGREEMENT
This Sub-Advisory License Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made this day of , 2006, by and among ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Funds, a Delaware business trust (“AAF”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc., a Georgia corporation (“Montag”), TAMRO Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“River Road,” and together with AAAMHI, AAF, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus, (hereinafter individually referred to as “Licensor” and collectively referred to as “Licensors”), and Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company hereinafter referred to as “Licensee”). The parties hereto are sometimes individually referred to as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties.” Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in that certain Asset Purchase Agreement dated April , 2006 (the “Purchase Agreement”) by and among the Parties and certain other parties set forth therein.
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Parties hereto desire that Licensee be granted the right to use the trademarks, service marks, trade names, trade dress, designs, logos, and other designations of each Licensor as set forth onSchedule A attached hereto, and any and all variations or modifications that may be approved in writing by each Licensor in such Licensor’s sole discretion (individually, a “Licensed Mark” and collectively, “Licensed Marks”) on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth;
WHEREAS, the Parties have entered into the Purchase Agreement, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement is a condition to the closing of the transaction contemplated by the Purchase Agreement; and
WHEREAS, this Agreement also is conditioned upon Licensee entering the Investment Subadvisory Contracts with ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., Montag, TAMRO, Veredus and River Road in accordance with the Purchase Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, and intending to be bound, the Parties agree as follows:
1.License.
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each Licensor hereby grants to Licensee a non-exclusive, non-transferable (except as provided in Section 4), royalty-free license during the term of this Agreement to use, in the United States of America, each Licensed Mark solely upon and in connection with the sale and distribution of marketing brochures, websites and related materials of the Business within the scope of the Business. Licensee shall have the right, but not the obligation, to co-brand such marketing brochures, websites and related materials with Licensee’s, or its Affiliates’, own trademarks (“Co-branded Materials”). Any mark, slogan or design which incorporates a Licensed Mark in any manner developed by the Licensee shall be the property of and is hereby assigned to the respective Licensor and shall be deemed included in the license to the Licensee as provided in this Agreement, except with respect to Licensee’s or its Affiliates’ own trademarks (the “Licensee Marks”) used on Co-branded Materials. For the avoidance of doubt, all rights in and to Licensee Marks shall remain the exclusive property of Licensee, and Licensee shall be under no obligation to assign the same to any Licensor. Licensee agrees to execute such other and further documents, including assignments of trademark or copyright, to evidence the Licensors’ rights under this subsection 1(a), as Licensor may reasonably request.
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(b) The Licensee warrants and covenants that it will conduct the Business in a manner designed to protect and enhance the reputation and integrity of the Licensed Marks and the goodwill associated therewith; Licensors acknowledge and agree that such obligation is and will be satisfied by Licensee’s conduct of the Business in a manner which is at the substantially equivalent quality level as the business conducted by the Licensors under the Licensed Marks prior to the date hereof. Licensors reserve the right to direct the Licensee to conform to such further quality standards as may be reasonably set by Licensors (provided such standards are consistent with the quality standards set forth in the immediately preceding sentence), and reserve all rights of approval which are necessary to achieve this result. Upon Licensors’ reasonable request, the Licensee shall, at its expense, provide Licensors with representative samples of signage, advertising, marketing and promotional materials and other written or broadcast materials which use or incorporate any of the Licensed Marks. Except as specifically provided hereunder, Licensee shall not make any use of the Licensed Marks or any term, phrase, or design which is confusingly similar to, or a colorable imitation of, any Licensed Marks, or any portion of any Licensed Mark, in any manner whatsoever. The Licensee shall not use the Licensed Marks in any manner that would, directly or indirectly, dilute, demean, ridicule, or otherwise tarnish the goodwill or reputation of the Licensed Marks or Licensor. The Licensee shall comply in all material respects with any required trademark marking requirements of applicable laws, including using the “tm,” “sm” or “®” symbol where required.
(c) The Licensee shall not sublicense any of its rights under this Section 1 to any other person or entity except as authorized by Licensors in writing, such authorization to not be unreasonably withheld, provided that Licensee may sublicense its rights under this Section 1 to the extent consistent with past practices of the Licensors within the scope of the Business. Any unauthorized sublicense shall be null and void. No rights or licenses, express or implied, other than those granted herein, are granted by this Agreement to the Licensee under any intellectual property owned or controlled by Licensors.
(d) Except as set forth in the Purchase Agreement, Licensors make no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the Licensed Marks, including without limitation any warranty of sole and exclusive rights in the Licensed Marks or of validity of any registration therefor. Licensors shall have no duty to protect or preserve the Licensed Marks, but if Licensors determine to do so, the Licensee shall cooperate therein as reasonably requested by Licensors and at Licensors’ expense.
(e) The Licensee acknowledges that Licensors and their Affiliates are the sole owners of the Licensed Marks, as outlined on Schedule A attached hereto, and of the goodwill associated therewith, and that the Licensee hereby acquires no right, title, interest or claim of ownership in or to the Licensed Marks except the licenses granted herein. The Licensee agrees not to, directly or indirectly, contest Licensors’ ownership of the Licensed Marks. The Licensee agrees not to use any marks which are confusingly similar to the Licensed Marks. All use of the Licensed Marks and all goodwill developed therefrom by the Licensee shall inure to the benefit of Licensors. This subsection 1(e) shall survive termination of this Agreement.
(f) Each Licensor will defend, indemnify and hold harmless Licensee, including its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives, and their respective successors and assigns, from and against all losses, costs, liabilities, damages, claims, and expenses of every kind and description, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, arising out of any claim that Licensee’s use of a Licensed Mark infringes, violates or misappropriates the intellectual property or proprietary rights of any third party in accordance with the procedures and limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, other than to the extent that such losses, costs, liabilities, damages, claims, and expenses arise out of or relate to any actual or alleged infringement, violation or misappropriation of a Licensee Mark in such Co-branded Materials. Licensee will defend, indemnify and hold harmless each Licensor, including its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives, and their respective successors and assigns, from and against all losses, costs, liabilities, damages, claims, and expenses of every kind and description, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, arising out of any claim that Licensor’s use of a Licensee Mark in any Co-branded Materials infringes, violates or misappropriates the intellectual property or proprietary rights of any third party in accordance with the procedures and limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, other than to the extent that such losses, costs, liabilities, damages, claims, and expenses arise out of or relate to
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any actual or alleged infringement, violation or misappropriation of a Licensed Mark in such Co-branded Materials.
2.Term. Unless terminated sooner in accordance with the terms set forth in Section 3 below, the license granted under Section 1 of this Agreement shall be effective as of the date of this Agreement and terminate with respect to each Licensed Mark upon the termination of all of the Investment Advisory Contracts of Target Funds for which such Licensed Mark is (i) used as of the date hereof, or (ii) as subsequently agreed to in writing by Licensor.
3.Termination. Licensors may terminate this Agreement in the event that Licensee breaches any material provision of this Agreement, and such breach is not cured by Licensee after the expiration of thirty (30) days from receipt by Licensee of Licensors’ notice of such breach. Upon expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement, Licensee agrees to discontinue all use of the Licensed Marks.
4.Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the Parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns; provided, however, that Licensee shall not assign or delegate this Agreement or any of its rights or obligations created hereunder without the prior consent of Licensors, such consent to not be unreasonably withheld.
5.Governing Law; Jurisdiction and Venue. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to choice of law principles. Each Party hereto hereby agrees that any proceeding relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be brought in a state court located in the borough of Manhattan in New York, New York or in a federal court located in the borough of Manhattan in New York, New York. Each Party hereto hereby (i) consents to personal jurisdiction in any such action brought in any such state or federal court, (ii) consents to service of process by registered mail made upon such Party and such Party’s agent and (iii) waives any objection to venue in any such state or federal court and any claim that any such state or federal court is an inconvenient forum.
6.Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Purchase Agreement, the New Subadvisory Contract andSchedule A attached hereto, represents the entire agreement and understanding of the Parties hereto with respect to the subject matter herein, and except as provided herein or in the Purchase Agreement or the Subadvisory Contract, no representations, warranties or covenants have been made in connection with this Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Purchase Agreement, supersedes all prior negotiations, discussions, correspondence, communications, understandings and agreements among the Parties relating to the subject matter of this Agreement and such other agreements.
7.Notices. All notices, requests, consents, instructions and other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and hand delivered, sent by nationally recognized, next-day delivery service or mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as set forth below; receipt shall be deemed to occur on the date of actual receipt. All such communications shall be addressed as follows:
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
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with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Bingham McCutchen, LLP
150 Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attention: Michael A. Conza, Esq.
Fax: (617) 951-8736
(ii) if to Licensors:
ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc.
161 North Clark Street, 9th Floor
Chicago, IL 60601-2468
Attention: Seymour A. Newman
Fax: (312) 884-2449
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP
7800 Sears Tower
233 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606-6404
Attention: Michael D. Rosenthal, Esq.
Fax: (312) 876-7934
or to such other address or Persons as the Parties may from time to time designate in writing in the manner provided in this Section 7.
8.Amendments and Waivers. This Agreement, includingSchedule A attached hereto, may be amended, superseded, cancelled, renewed or extended, and the terms hereof may be waived, only by a written instrument signed by Licensee and applicable Licensors or, in the case of a waiver, by the Party waiving compliance or by such Party’s representative. No delay on the part of either Party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any waiver on the part of either Party of any such right, power or privilege, nor any single or partial exercise of any such right, power or privilege, preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other such right, power or privilege.
9.Severability. This Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof.
10.Headings. The section headings contained in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement or of any term or provision hereof.
11.Schedules. The schedules identified in this Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement.
12.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall constitute but one instrument.
[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
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ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC. |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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ABN AMRO FUNDS |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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MONTAG & CALDWELL, INC. |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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TAMRO CAPITAL PARTNERS LLC |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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VEREDUS ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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RIVER ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC |
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By: | | |
Name: | |
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Title: | |
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Sub-Advisory License Agreement
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Schedule A
LICENSED MARKS
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ABN AMRO / Balanced Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Bond Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Growth Fund |
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ABN AMRO / High Yield Bond Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Investment Grade Bond Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Investor Money Market Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Mid Cap Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Mid Cap Growth Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Municipal Bond Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Real Estate Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Value Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Balanced Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund |
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ABN AMRO / River Road Dynamic Equity Income Fund Class |
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ABN AMRO / River Road Small Cap Value Fund |
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ABN AMRO / TAMRO Large Cap Value Fund |
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ABN AMRO / TAMRO Small Cap Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Veredus SciTech Fund |
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ABN AMRO / Veredus Select Growth Fund |
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ABN AMRO |
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Montag & Caldwell |
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River Road |
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TAMRO |
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Veredus |
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EXHIBIT H
TRANSITION SERVICES AGREEMENT
This Transition Services Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made as of the Effective Date, between ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAAMHI”), and Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Purchaser”). Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement (as defined below). AAAMHI and Purchaser are sometimes individually referred to as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties”.
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
AAAMHI and Purchaser entered into that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) dated as of the Effective Date, pursuant to which the Sellers, including AAAMHI, agreed to sell, assign, transfer, convey and deliver to Purchaser and Purchaser agreed to purchase and acquire from the Sellers, including AAAMHI, the Acquired Assets and those assets set forth on Schedule 2.7 to the Purchase Agreement used in the Business.
Purchaser desires to receive certain services from AAAMHI and AAAMHI is willing to provide such services to Purchaser during a transition period commencing on the Effective Date.
AGREEMENT
The Parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
AGREEMENT TO PROVIDE AND ACCEPT SERVICES
On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, AAAMHI agrees to provide to Purchaser all of the services and support functions of the types listed onSchedule A,Schedule B,Schedule C andSchedule D to this Agreement (collectively, “Services”). Except as otherwise provided onSchedule A,Schedule B,Schedule C andSchedule D, each Service shall be provided in exchange for a payment based on the actual cost incurred by AAAMHI in providing such Service, to be mutually agreed upon by the Parties. Each of the Services shall be provided and accepted in accordance with the terms, limitations and conditions set forth in this Agreement andSchedule A,Schedule B,Schedule C andSchedule D.
1.2. | PURCHASE OF BUSINESS ASSETS |
On terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, with reasonable notice between the Effective Date and the Closing Date, AAAMHI agrees to provide either (x) those assets set forth on Schedule 2.7 of the Purchase Agreement or (y) funds for Purchaser to purchase such assets, with Seller having sole discretion as to whether to elect clause (x) or (y) with respect to any asset specified on Schedule 2.7 of the Purchase Agreement; provided, however, that Purchaser shall have final approval rights with respect to the quality and specifications of any assets delivered pursuant to clause (x) above; and provided further that in no event shall AAAMHI be responsible for any costs of purchasing such assets to the extent total cost exceeds $250,000 for desks, chairs, file drawers and other related furniture and $175,000 for all other items to be delivered, including information technology, hardware and software related items.
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ARTICLE 2
AGREEMENTS RELATING TO SERVICES
Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, AAAMHI shall be required to perform the Services in a manner that is substantially similar to the manner in which such Services were performed for the Business before the Effective Date and for the period of time between the Effective Date and the valid termination or expiration of this Agreement, including with respect to level of service, priority of service, timeliness, quality and other relevant standards. Purchaser shall use such Services for substantially the same purposes and in substantially the same manner as the Business used such Services before the Effective Date and for the period of time between the Effective Date and the valid termination or expiration of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, AAAMHI shall provide the Services set forth on (i) Schedule A at any time from the Effective Date but prior to the Closing, as designated by Purchaser (the “Pre-Closing Period”); (ii) Schedule B following the Closing Date but prior to the valid termination or expiration of this Agreement (the “Post Closing; Period”); (iii) Schedule C during the Post Closing Period to the extent such Services are requested by Purchaser; and (iv) Schedule D during the Post Closing Period to the extent such Services are available from AAAMHI.
All employees and agents of AAAMHI involved in providing Services to Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement (the “Service Personnel”) shall be under the exclusive authority and control of AAAMHI and Purchaser shall not have any authority or responsibility with respect to any such employee or agent. The Parties agree and acknowledge that AAAMHI shall not be required to (i) maintain any specific employees or consultants for the purposes of performing any of the Services, (ii) add personnel or computing capacity in order to perform any such Services or (iii) undertake any other extraordinary expenditures in order to provide any such Services. AAAMHI agrees to make each of its IT professionals reasonably available during the term of this Agreement to provide consultation as reasonably requested by Purchaser. AAAMHI further agrees that, during the Pre-Closing Period, notwithstanding any provisions in the Confidentiality Agreement to the contrary, Purchaser may hire Frank Vitale. AAAMHI hereby grants to Purchaser a perpetual, non-exclusive, sub-licensable, non-transferable (other than to successors or assigns of the Business), royalty-free license to use all summaries, recommendations, plans, data, designs, guidelines, reports, software code, ideas, inventions, improvements, discoveries, processes, techniques, methods, trade secrets or other intellectual property, whether or not patentable, whether or not copyrightable, made, conceived, developed, or first reduced to practice by any Service Personnel, either alone or jointly with others, in connection with the performance of Services hereunder. This Section 2.2 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.
Purchaser shall make available on a timely basis to AAAMHI all information and materials reasonably requested by AAAMHI to enable it to provide Services. Purchaser shall provide to AAAMHI reasonable access to Purchaser’s premises during normal business hours and upon advance written notice to the extent necessary for the purpose of providing the Services.
The Parties shall use their best efforts to reasonably cooperate with each other in all matters relating to the provision and receipt of Services. Such cooperation shall include both Parties using their best efforts to obtain any consents, licenses or approvals necessary to permit each such Party to perform its obligations under this Agreement. If either Party believes any such consent, license or approval is necessary, it shall promptly advise the other Party in writing and the Parties shall share equally any fees or expenses required to be paid to obtain any such consent, license or approval.
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2.5. | INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR STATUS |
AAAMHI shall act under this Agreement solely as an independent contractor and not as an agent of Purchaser. This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create any joint venture or partnership between the Parties hereto, and merely establishes an independent contractor relationship (and not an employee-employer or other fiduciary relationship) between the Parties hereto.
ARTICLE 3
PAYMENT FOR SERVICES
Purchaser agrees to pay a one-time $50,000 fee (the “Service Fee”) for all Services set forth onSchedule A andSchedule B to this Agreement. Such Service Fee shall be payable by Purchaser on the Closing Date. To the extent Purchaser exercises its right to have Services provided underSchedule C to this Agreement (the “Rent Option”), Purchaser agrees to pay an additional $1,000 per day for such Services, payable at the end of each month in which such Services are provided. To the extent Purchaser requests the Services provided onSchedule D, Purchaser agrees to pay for all actual costs associated with such Services.
ARTICLE 4
CONFIDENTIALITY
The information exchanged under this Agreement shall be governed by the terms of the Purchase Agreement and Confidentiality Agreement.
ARTICLE 5
WARRANTIES; INDEMNITY; LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that AAAMHI is not in the business of providing the Services and that AAAMHI is providing the Services to Purchaser as an accommodation to Purchaser to facilitate the transition of the Business from AAAMHI to Purchaser pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. AAAMHI warrants that the Services shall conform to the service descriptions set forth in this Agreement (includingSchedule A) and that AAAMHI shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to perform the Services in the manner and quality substantially similar to the services provided to the Business immediately prior to the Effective Date, except to the extent such Services are changed as requested or directed by Purchaser. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION 5, AAAMHI HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE SERVICES AND THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
(a)Purchaser Indemnity. Purchaser shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless AAAMHI and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates (including, without limitation, their respective officers, directors, employees, shareholders, and agents) (each, a “AAAMHI Party”) from and against any and all liabilities, damages, losses, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs of collection and reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or resulting from any third-party demand, claim, lawsuit or other cause of action brought by a third-party against any AAAMHI Party as a result of or in connection with the Services rendered after the Effective Date hereof by any AAAMHI Party or the right of access provided pursuant to this Agreement, provided that no AAAMHI Party shall be entitled to indemnification in respect of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct, or to the extent Purchaser is entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 5.2(b) below. Nothing herein shall serve to limit or effect AAAMHI’s warranty to Purchaser as set forth in Section 5.1 above.
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(b)AAAMHI Indemnity. AAAMHI shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless Purchaser and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates (including, without limitation, their respective officers, directors, employees, shareholders, and agents) (each, a “Purchaser Party”) from and against any and all liabilities, damages, losses, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs of collection and reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or resulting from any third-party demand, claim, lawsuit or other cause of action brought by a third-party against any Purchaser Party as a result of or in connection with (i) the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any employee of AAAMHI or (ii) any violation-of federal, state or local laws, rules or regulations by AAAMHI in the provision of the Services hereunder, but expressly excluding any laws specifically applicable to third-party service providers (as opposed to employers) in their role as such.
(c) The indemnification provided for herein shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: (i) the Party claiming indemnification (“Indemnified Party”) must notify the other Party (“Indemnifying Party”) promptly in writing of any notice of the claim subject to indemnification; provided, however, that no failure by an Indemnified Party to provide prompt notice shall diminish the Indemnifying Party’s indemnification obligation hereunder, except and to the extent the Indemnifying Party is prejudiced by such delay; (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall have sole control over such defense and all negotiations for the settlement and compromise of such claim; (iii) for so long as the Indemnifying Party is diligently conducting such defense, it shall not be liable for any attorneys’ fees of the Indemnified Party; and (iv) the Indemnified Party shall cooperate with the Indemnifying Party in the defense and settlement of any such claim provided that the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable hereunder for any settlement or compromise negotiated by the Indemnified Party unless the Indemnifying Party agrees in writing to be so bound. If the Indemnified Party provides notice of a claim in accordance with clause (i) above and is not notified within 10 days thereafter that the Indemnifying Party intends to defend the claim, the Indemnified Party shall be entitled to defend such claim, and settle or compromise such claim, subject to the indemnification provided for herein.
5.4. | LIMITATION OF LIABILITY |
Except for payments which may be made in connection with the foregoing indemnification obligations, pursuant to this Agreement, neither Party nor its Subsidiaries and Affiliates shall be liable to the other Party or its Subsidiaries and Affiliates for any losses or damages in an amount that is in the aggregate greater than, with respect to AAAMHI, the fees actually paid by Purchaser to AAAMHI, and with respect to Purchaser, the amounts actually received by AAAMHI preceding such losses or damages. IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR INJURY TO THE GOODWILL IN CONNECTION WITH ANY PERFORMANCE, MISFEASANCE OR NONFEASANCE HEREUNDER.
ARTICLE 6
FORCE MAJEURE
AAAMHI shall not be liable for any interruption of Services or delay or failure to perform under this Agreement if such interruption, delay or failure results from causes beyond its reasonable control, including any strikes, lockouts or other labor difficulties, acts of any government, war, terrorism, riot, insurrection or other hostilities, embargo, fuel or energy shortage, fire, flood, lightning, earthquake, storm, hurricane, tornado, explosion, acts of God, wrecks or transportation delays. In any such event, AAAMHIYs obligations hereunder shall be postponed for such time as its performance is suspended or delayed on account thereof. AAAMHI shall promptly notify Purchaser, in writing, upon learning of the occurrence of such event of force majeure. Upon the cessation of the force majeure event, AAAMHI shall resume its performance with the least practicable delay.
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ARTICLE 7
TERM AND TERMINATION
Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.2 below, this Agreement and the availability of Services shall commence on the Effective Date and shall terminate on the earlier of (i) December 1, 2006 and (ii) the date AAAMHI moves from its existing office space located at 161 N. Clark St., Chicago, Illinois (the “Term”).
7.2. | TERMINATION FOR BREACH |
If Purchaser is in material breach of any of its material obligations under this Agreement, including any failure to make payments when due, and does not cure such breach in all material respects within 30 days after receiving written notice thereof from AAAMHI, AAAMHI may terminate this Agreement, including the provision of Services hereunder, immediately by providing written notice of termination. If AAAMHI is in material breach of any of its material obligations under this Agreement and does not cure such breach in all material respects within 30 days after receiving written notice thereof from Purchaser, Purchaser may terminate this Agreement immediately by providing written notice of termination.
7.3. | PAYMENT FOR SERVICES BEFORE TERMINATION |
In the event of a termination of this Agreement, AAAMHI shall be entitled to prompt payment of the Service Fee through the date of termination and any payment due under the Rent Option; provided, however, that if such termination is due to material breach by AAAMHI, Purchaser shall not be obligated to make any such payments to AAAMHI for Services directly related to, or impacted by, the material breach.
7.4. | EFFECT OF TERMINATION |
Article 4, Article 5, this Article 7 and Article 8 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
ARTICLE 8
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1. | ASSIGNMENT, SUCCESSORS AND NO THIRD-PARTY RIGHTS |
Neither Party may assign any of its rights or delegate any of its obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other parties; provided, however, that Purchaser and AAAMHI each may, without such prior written consent, assign its rights and delegate its obligations hereunder to an affiliated entity of such assignor. This Agreement shall apply to, be binding in all respects upon, and inure to the benefit of each of AAAMHI’s and Purchaser’s heirs, executors, administrators, assignees or successors. Nothing expressed or referred to in this Agreement shall be construed to give any Person, other than the Parties, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or with respect to this Agreement or any provision of this Agreement except such rights as may inure to a successor or permitted assignee pursuant to this Section 8.1.
The rights and remedies of the Parties are cumulative and not alternative. Neither is any failure nor any delay by either Party in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement.
All notices, demands and other communications relating to this Agreement shall be given as provided in the Purchase Agreement.
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8.4. | INCORPORATION OF SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS |
The schedules identified in this Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement.
8.5. | ENTIRE AGREEMENT AND MODIFICATION |
This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements between the Parties with respect to its subject matter and constitutes (along with the documents delivered pursuant to this Agreement) a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement between the Parties with respect to its subject matter. This Agreement may not be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified except in a written document executed by the party against whose interest the modification shall operate. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event and to the extent that there is a conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Agreement shall control. This Agreement is not intended to, and shall not, create any rights in or confer any benefits upon any person other than the Parties.
If a court of competent jurisdiction holds any provision of this Agreement invalid or unenforceable, the other provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. Any provision of this Agreement held invalid or unenforceable only in part or degree shall remain in full force and effect to the extent not held invalid or unenforceable and the Parties shall replace such provision with a provision that most closely approximates the intent of the Parties.
The Parties each shall appoint a representative (a “Representative”) to facilitate communications and performance under this Agreement. Each Party may treat an act of a Representative of the other Party as being authorized by such other Party without inquiring about such act or ascertaining whether such Representative had authority to so act. The initial Representatives shall be appointed within 10 days after the date hereof. Each Party shall have the right at any time and from time to time to replace any of its Representatives by giving notice in writing to the other Party setting forth the name of (a) each Representative to be replaced and (b) the replacement, and certifying that the replacement Representative is authorized to act for the Party giving the notice in all matters relating to this Agreement.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Illinois without regard to conflicts of laws principles that would require the application of any other Law.
8.9. | CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION |
As used in this Agreement, the terms defined herein shall have the meanings specified or referred to herein and shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms. Any reference in this Agreement to an “Article,” “Section” or “Schedule” refers to the corresponding Article, Section or Schedule of or to this Agreement, unless the context indicates otherwise. The headings of Articles and Sections are provided for convenience of reference only and should not affect the construction or interpretation of the terms and provisions of this Agreement. All words used in this Agreement should be construed to be of such gender or number as the circumstances require. The terms “include” and “including” indicate examples of a foregoing general statement and not a limitation on that general statement. Any reference to a statute refers to the statute, any amendments or successor legislation, and all regulations promulgated under or implementing the statute, as in effect at the relevant time. Any reference to a contract or other document as of a given date means the contract or other document as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time through such date.
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This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one Party, but all such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
Remainder of Page is Intentionally Left Blank Signature Page Follows
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The Parties have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the date indicated in the first sentence of this Agreement.
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ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC. |
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By: | | |
| | Name: |
| | Title: |
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ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
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By: | | |
| | Name: |
| | Title: |
Transition Services Agreement
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Schedule A
Services Available During the Pre-Closing Period
1. | Accounting and Finance Services |
Transfer of historical accounting data only in an Excel format.
2. | Off-site Record Storage |
Transfer of off-site materials to Purchaser-designated off-site storage provider.
3. | Computer Data Transfer—Initial Transfer (Excluding E-mail) |
When Purchaser’s employees relocate from AAAMHI’s premises, all data on individual users and shared areas on network hard drives shall be copied by AAAMHI’s IT staff onto a mutually agreeable data transport medium. Purchaser shall be solely responsible for transferring this data to Purchaser’s own computer network. Seller shall have no responsibility to transfer any data on any user’s existing desktop or laptop computer hard drive. Seller shall be entitled to assume that the data transfer was successful if Purchaser does not notify Seller of any problems within 30 calendar days from the date of transfer. If problems occur, the Parties agree to work together to ensure a proper transfer of data. At the conclusion of the data transfer process (either the initial transfer process or any subsequent follow-up processes), Seller shall be free to erase the data on its network hard drives relating to Seller’s former employees 30 calendar days after the last successful transfer date. Seller shall retain such former employee data as it then exists on computer backup tapes, all in accordance with AAAMHI’s existing backup and retention periods, policies and procedures. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to extend or enhance such backup or retention periods, policies or procedures.
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Schedule B
Services During the Post Closing Period
Seller’s e-mail system and its related tracking system (“Assentor”) currently is maintained by an Affiliate. Access to such e-mail system is permitted only on ABN AMRO-maintained computers connected to the ABN AMRO computer network. Access to any historical e-mails in the current email system or the Assentor system shall be permitted only on Seller’s premises on a computer maintained by Seller. Seller shall provide reasonable access to Purchaser’s designated employees. Purchaser’s employees shall be entitled to remove from Seller’s premises hard copies of any and all of such employees’ historical e-mails in Seller’s current e-mail system or the Assentor system. To the extent AAAMHI is able to provide such service at the time such service is requested, AAAMHI shall set up an automated email response for all incoming email communications directed to each Designated Employee who is then an employee of Purchaser, which will include the forwarding e-mail address provided by Purchaser.
Office Supplies and Consumables. Seller currently provides Purchaser with all consumables (copier and printer paper, coffee, break room items, stationery, letterhead, forms, etc.) needed at the Premises. Such consumables are ordered on a routine basis by administrative staff to ensure that supply is available when needed, but are not ordered more than is reasonably needed for a 2-4 week period. As of the Closing Date, all consumables on the Premises shall be transferred to Purchaser at no charge. All consumables ordered or delivered after the Closing Date shall be the financial responsibility of Purchaser. Nothing in this Agreement shall require the Purchaser to utilize any of Seller’s existing purchasing arrangements or vendors. However, to the extent that Purchaser chooses to continue using such vendors, Purchaser and Seller shall endeavor to cause the vendor to establish separate accounts in the name of Purchaser.
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Schedule C
Rent Option
Occupancy of the Business’s current premises is on the 12th floor of 161 N. Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois. Occupancy includes rent, real estate taxes, operating expenses and other related matters.
2. | Desktop Telephones and Analog Lines |
To the extent Purchaser exercises the Rent Option, AAAMHI shall provide: local, long distance and voicemail telephone services; analog dial-up data lines (e.g., fax machines, dial-up access, etc.); toll-free numbers for inbound calling and voicemail retrieval; and all other historically provided telephony and telecommunications services.
Whether or not Purchaser exercises the Rent Option, for a mutually agreed upon period of time following the Closing Date, AAAMHI shall cause all incoming phone calls directed to a Designated Employee to be automatically forwarded to new phone numbers as provided by Purchaser.
3. | Computer Desktop Support and Related Services |
While Purchaser’s employees are located in Seller’s premises under the Rent Option, all support for desktop computer applications shall be provided to Purchaser by AAAMHI, including: Microsoft Office, individual user network file storage, Lotus Notes e-mail, anti-virus software, desktop network connectivity, help desk support; break/fix repair on computers (but not printers); staff maintenance of related file servers; acquisition of computer consumables (i.e., toner cartridges). The foregoing services shall be provided from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding Holidays observed by AAAMHI. Further, without limiting Section 5 of the Agreement, Seller shall ensure that Purchaser has access to all software and all other items licensed from third parties that are installed on any equipment used by Purchaser’s employees as of the Closing Date and relate to the Business. Purchaser may acquire replacement and repair parts on its own or may direct Seller to do so, in Purchaser’s sole discretion.
Maintenance of desktop and network printers is performed by a third-party vendor on a time- and-materials basis. Seller, at no cost to Purchaser, shall provide help desk dispatching for printer repair services. Purchaser shall pay the vendor directly for the vendor’s current time-and- materials rate.
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Schedule D
Miscellaneous Post Closing Services
1. | Computer Data Recovery -Subsequent to Initial Data Transfer (Excluding E-mail) |
a. Seller shall retain existing backup tapes in accordance with its current retention schedule. If Purchaser requires access to archival backup data on computer tapes that relate to Purchaser’s employees or the Business, Seller shall attempt to recover such data. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Parties hereby acknowledge the following practical business aspects regarding Seller’s current IT environment:
| (i) | Seller is eliminating by December 3 1,2006 its current IT infrastructure and IT employees, and converting to an IT infrastructure managed by an affiliate or third-party vendor. Many, if not all, of Seller’s current IT employees shall not be employed by Seller or an Affiliate within the next 6 to 12 months; |
| (ii) | Data that may be required by Purchaser may be intermingled with data from other parts of the Business and thus is not necessarily easily split out from backup tapes; |
| (iii) | As technology changes and Seller converts to different infrastructures and technologies, it may have no practical or easy way to restore such data. |
b. Accordingly, any data restoration efforts shall be on a reasonable efforts basis only, in consultation with Purchaser.
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EXHIBIT I
FORM OF
SUB-INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
BETWEEN ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
AND
SUB-INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) made this day of , 2006 by and between ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC (hereinafter referred to as the “Investment Adviser”) and (hereinafter referred to as the “Sub-Adviser”), which Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall constitute but one instrument.
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Investment Adviser has been retained by Aston Funds, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), a registered management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) to provide investment advisory services to the Trust with respect to certain series of the Trust set forth in Schedule A hereto as may be amended from time to time (hereinafter referred to as a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds” of the Trust);
WHEREAS, the Investment Adviser wishes to enter into a contract with the Subadviser to provide research, analysis, advice and recommendations with respect to the purchase and sale of securities, and make investment commitments with respect to such portion of the Funds’ assets as shall be allocated to the Subadviser by the Investment Adviser from time to time (the “Allocated Assets”), subject to oversight by the Trustees of the Trust and the supervision of the Investment Adviser.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, and intending to be bound, the parties agree as follows:
1. In accordance with the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Investment Adviser (“Investment Advisory Agreement”) with respect to the Funds, the Investment Adviser hereby appoints the Subadviser to act as Subadviser with respect to the Allocated Assets for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Subadviser accepts such appointment and agrees to render the services set forth herein, for the compensation provided herein.
2. As compensation for the services enumerated herein, the Investment Adviser will pay the Subadviser a fee with respect to the Allocated Assets, which shall be calculated and payable monthly in arrears based on the average daily net assets of the Fund, [at the annual rate set forth in Schedule B hereto] [in an amount equal to 50% of the positive difference of, if any (x) the advisory fee payable to the Investment Adviser with respect to the Allocated Assets of the Fund (before reduction of the fee payable to Subadviser) minus (y) the sum of: (i) any investment advisory fees waived by the Investment Adviser pursuant to an Expense Limitation Agreement with the Fund, (ii) any reimbursement of expenses by the Investment Adviser pursuant to an Expense Limitation Agreement with the Fund, and (iii) any payments made by the Investment Adviser to third parties that provide distribution, shareholder services or similar services on behalf of the Fund. If the foregoing calculation results in a negative difference, such amount shall be payable by the Subadviser within days of receipt of notice from the Investment Adviser, which notice shall include the basis for the calculation.
For the purposes of this Agreement, a Fund’s “net assets” shall be determined as provided in the Fund’s then-current Prospectus (as used herein this term includes the related Statement of Additional Information).
If this Agreement shall become effective subsequent to the first day of a month, or shall terminate before the last day of a month, the Subadviser’s compensation for such fraction of the month shall be prorated based on the number of calendar days of such month during which the Agreement is effective.
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3. This Agreement shall become effective with respect to a Fund as of the date set forth opposite the Fund’s name as set forth on Schedule A hereto (the “Effective Date”), provided that it has been approved by the Trustees of the Trust in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and, if so required by the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, and, if so required by the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, by the shareholders of the Fund in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder.
4. This Agreement shall continue in effect for the initial term set forth in Schedule A. It shall be renewed automatically thereafter with respect to a Fund by the Investment Adviser and the Subadviser for successive periods not exceeding one year, if and only if such renewal and continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund as prescribed by the 1940 Act and provided further that such continuance is approved at least annually thereafter by a vote of a majority of the Trust’s Trustees, who are not parties to such Agreement or interested persons of such a party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. This Agreement will terminate automatically with respect to a Fund without the payment of any penalty upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement relating to a Fund (accompanied by simultaneous notice to the Subadviser) or upon sixty days’ written notice to the Subadviser that the Trustees of the Trust, the Investment Adviser or the shareholders by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, as provided by the 1940 Act, have terminated this Agreement. This Agreement may also be terminated by the Subadviser with respect to a Fund without penalty upon sixty days’ written notice to the Investment Adviser and the Trust.
This Agreement shall terminate automatically with respect to a Fund in the event of its assignment or, upon notice thereof to the Subadviser, the assignment of the Investment Advisory Agreement, unless its continuation thereafter is approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the shareholders of the Fund if so required by the 1940 Act (in each case as the term “assignment” is defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the 1940 Act, subject to such exemptions as may be granted by the SEC by any rule, regulation, order or interpretive guidance).
5. Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the Investment Adviser, the Subadviser will provide an investment program for the Allocated Assets, including investment research and management with respect to securities and investments, including cash and cash equivalents, and will determine from time to time what securities and other investments will be purchased, retained or sold. The Subadviser will provide the services under this Agreement in accordance with each Fund’s investment objective, policies and restrictions as stated in the Prospectus, as provided to the Subadviser by the Investment Adviser. The Subadviser further agrees that, in all matters relating to the performance of this Agreement, it:
(a) shall act in conformity with the Trust’s Declaration of Trust, By-Laws and currently effective registration statements under the 1940 Act and the Securities Act of 1933 and any amendments or supplements thereto (the “Registration Statements”) and with the written policies, procedures and guidelines of each Fund, and written instructions and directions of the Trustees of the Trust and shall comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and the rules thereunder, and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. The Trust agrees to provide Subadviser with copies of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust, By-Laws, Registration Statements, written policies, procedures and guidelines, and written instructions and directions of the Trustees, and any amendments or supplements to any of them at, or, if practicable, before the time such materials, instructions or directives become effective.
(b) will pay expenses incurred by it in connection with its activities under this Agreement other than the cost of securities and other investments (including brokerage commissions and other transaction changes, if any) purchased for each Fund, provided that the Subadviser will not pay for or provide a credit with respect to any research provided to it in accordance with Section 5(c);
(c) will place orders pursuant to its investment determinations for each Fund either directly with any broker or dealer, or with the issuer. In placing orders with brokers or dealers, the Subadviser will attempt to obtain the best overall price and the most favorable execution of its orders. Subject to policies established
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by the Trustees of the Trust and communicated to the Subadviser, it is understood that the Sub-Adviser will not be deemed to have acted unlawfully, or to have breached a fiduciary duty to the Trust or in respect of a Fund, or be in breach of any obligation owing to the Investment Adviser or the Trust or in respect of a Fund under this Agreement, or otherwise, solely by reason of its having caused the Fund to pay a member of a securities exchange, a broker or a dealer a commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the amount of commission another member of an exchange, broker or dealer would have charged if the Subadviser determines in good faith that the commission paid was reasonable in relation to the brokerage or research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and interpretive guidance issued by the SEC thereunder) provided by such member, broker or dealer, viewed in terms of that particular transaction or the Sub-Adviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts, including the Fund, as to which it exercises investment discretion.
(d) will review the daily valuation of securities owned by the Allocated Assets of each Fund as obtained on a daily basis by the Fund’s administrator and furnished by it to Subadviser, and will promptly notify the Trust and the Investment Adviser if the Subadviser believes that any such valuations may not properly reflect the market value of any securities owned by the Fund,provided,however, that the Subadviser is not required by this sub-paragraph to obtain valuations of any such securities from brokers or dealers or otherwise, or to otherwise independently verify valuations of any such securities.
(e) unless otherwise instructed, will be responsible for voting all proxies of each Fund in accordance with the Proxy Voting Policies and Guidelines of Subadviser (the “Proxy Policy”), provided that such Proxy Policy and any amendments thereto are furnished to the Trust.
(f) will attend regular business and investment-related meetings with the Trust’s Board of Trustees and the Investment Adviser if requested to do so by the Trust and/or the Investment Adviser, and at its expense, shall supply the Board, the officers of the Trust, and the Investment Adviser with all information and reports reasonably required by them and reasonably available to the Sub-Adviser relating to the services provided by the Subadviser hereunder.
(g) will maintain books and records with respect to the securities transactions for the Allocated Assets of each Fund and proxy voting record for the Allocated Assets of the Fund, furnish to the Investment Adviser and the Trust’s Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as they may request with respect to the Fund, and provide in advance to the Investment Adviser all of the Subadviser’s reports to the Trust’s Board of Trustees for examination and review within a reasonable time prior to the Trust’s Board meetings.
6. The Investment Adviser or its affiliates may, from time to time, engage other sub-advisers to advise other series of the Trust (or portions thereof) or other registered investment companies (or series or portions thereof) that may be deemed to be under common control (each a “Sub-Advised Fund”). The Subadviser agrees that it will not consult with any other unaffiliated Subadviser engaged by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates with respect to transactions in securities or other assets concerning a Fund or another Sub-Advised Fund, except to the extent permitted by the rules under the 1940 Act that permit certain transactions with a Subadviser or its affiliates.
7. Subadviser agrees with respect to the services provided to each Fund that it:
(a) will promptly communicate to the Investment Adviser such information relating to Fund transactions as the officers and Trustees of the Trust may reasonably request and as communicated to the Subadviser; and
(b) will treat confidentially and as proprietary information of the Trust all records and other information relative to each Fund and its prior, present or potential shareholders, and will not use such records and information for any purpose other than performance of its responsibilities and duties hereunder (except after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Trust, which approval may not be withheld where Subadviser is advised by counsel that the Subadviser may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt or other proceedings for failure to comply, when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, or when so requested by the Trust).
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8. In compliance with the requirements of Rule 31a-3 under the 1940 Act, Subadviser acknowledges that all records which it maintains for the Trust are the property of the Trust and agrees to surrender promptly to the Trust any of such records upon the Trust’s request,provided, that Subadviser may retain copies thereof at its own expense. Subadviser further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act the records required to be maintained by Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act relating to transactions placed by Subadviser for the Fund. Subadviser further agrees to maintain each Fund’s proxy voting record with respect to the Allocated Assets in a form mutually agreeable between the parties and which contains the information required by Form N-PX under the 1940 Act.
9. It is expressly understood and agreed that the services to be rendered by the Subadviser to the Investment Adviser under the provisions of this Agreement are not to be deemed to be exclusive, and the Subadviser shall be free to provide similar or different services to others so long as its ability to provide the services provided for in this Agreement shall not be materially impaired thereby. In addition, but without limiting any separate agreement between the Subadviser and the Investment Adviser to the contrary, nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any director, officer, or employee of the Subadviser who may also be a Trustee, officer, or employee of the Trust, to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar nature or a dissimilar nature.
10. The Investment Adviser agrees that it will furnish currently to the Subadviser all information with reference to each Fund and the Trust that is reasonably necessary to permit the Subadviser to carry out its responsibilities under this Agreement, and the parties agree that they will from time to time consult and make appropriate arrangements as to specific information that is required under this paragraph and the frequency and manner with which it shall be supplied. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Investment Adviser will furnish to Subadviser procedures consistent with the Trust’s contract with each Fund’s custodian from time to time (the “Custodian”), and reasonably satisfactory to Subadviser, for consummation of portfolio transactions for each Fund by payment to or delivery by the Custodian of all cash and/or securities or other investments due to or from the Fund, and Subadviser shall not have possession or custody thereof or any responsibility or liability with respect to such custody. Upon giving proper instructions to the Custodian, Sub-Adviser shall have no responsibility or liability with respect to custodial arrangements or the acts, omissions or other conduct of the Custodian.
11. The Sub-Adviser and its directors, officers, stockholders, employees and agents shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Investment Adviser or the Trust in connection with any matters to which this Agreement relates or for any other act or omission in the performance by the Subadviser of its duties under this agreement except that nothing herein contained shall be construed to protect the Subadviser against any liability by reason of the Sub-Adviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under this Agreement.
12. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of the Agreement shall not be affected thereby. Except to the extent governed by federal law including the 1940 Act, this Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without applying the principles of conflicts of law thereunder.
13. No provision of this Agreement may be changed, discharged or terminated orally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against, which enforcement of the change, discharge or termination is sought. No amendment of this Agreement shall be effective with respect to the Trust until approved as required by applicable law.
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14. Any notice to be given hereunder may be given by personal notification or by facsimile transmission, to the party specified at the address stated below:
To the Investment Adviser at:
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Aston Asset Management LLC |
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Attn: |
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Facsimile: |
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To the Sub-Adviser at:
To a Fund or the Trust at:
or addressed as such party may from time to time designate by notice to other parties in accordance herewith.
15. The Subadviser agrees that for any claim by it against a Fund in connection with this Agreement or the services rendered under this Agreement, it shall look only to assets of a Fund for satisfaction and that it shall have no claim against the assets of any other portfolios of the Trust.
[The Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be signed by their duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.
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ATTEST: | | ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
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| | By: | | |
ATTEST: | | [Sub-Adviser] |
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| | By: | | |
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EXHIBIT M
FORM OF INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made this day of , 2006 by and betweenAston Funds, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), on behalf of each series of the Trust set forth on Schedule A hereto as may be amended from time to time (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) andASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Adviser”).
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management investment company; and
WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to retain the Adviser to render investment advisory services to each Fund, and the Adviser is willing to furnish such services to each Fund.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, it is agreed between the Trust and the Adviser as follows:
1.Appointment. The Trust hereby appoints the Adviser to act as investment adviser to each Fund for the periods and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Adviser accepts such appointment and agrees to furnish the services herein set forth, for the compensation herein provided.
2.Duties of Adviser. As investment adviser, the Adviser shall: (i) manage the investment and reinvestment of the assets of each Fund, (ii) continuously review, supervise and administer the investment program of each Fund, (iii) determine in its discretion, the assets to be held uninvested, (iv) provide the Trust with records concerning the Adviser’s activities which are required to be maintained by the Trust and (v) render regular reports to the Trust’s officers and Board of Trustees concerning the Adviser’s discharge of the foregoing responsibilities. The Adviser shall discharge the foregoing responsibilities subject to the oversight of the officers and the Board of Trustees of the Trust and in compliance with the objectives, policies and limitations set forth in each Fund’s then effective prospectus and statement of additional information. The Adviser shall determine from time to time what securities and other investments will be purchased, retained, sold or exchanged by each Fund and what portion of the assets of the Fund’s portfolio will be held in the various securities and other investments in which the Fund invests, and shall implement those decisions, all subject to the provisions of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, as amended from time to time, the 1940 Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and interpretive guidance issued thereunder by the SEC staff and any other applicable federal and state law, as well as the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Fund referred to above, and any other specific policies adopted by the Board and communicated to the Adviser. Subject to applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and direction from the Board, the investment program to be provided hereunder may entail the investment of all or substantially all of the assets of a Fund in one or more investment companies. The Adviser shall also provide advice and recommendations with respect to other aspects of the business and affairs of the Funds, shall exercise voting rights, rights to consent to corporate action and any other rights pertaining to a Fund’s portfolio securities subject to such direction as the Board may provide, and shall perform such other functions of investment management and supervision as may be directed by the Board.
3.Delegation of Duties. Subject to the Board’s approval, the Adviser and/or a Fund may enter into contracts with one or more investment subadvisers, including without limitation, affiliates of the Adviser, in which the Adviser delegates to such investment subadvisers any or all its duties specified hereunder, on such terms as the Adviser will determine to be necessary, desirable or appropriate, provided that in each case the Adviser shall supervise the activities of each such subadviser and further provided that such contracts are entered into in accordance with and meet all applicable requirements of the 1940 Act and rules thereunder. Any such delegation shall not relieve the Adviser of any of its duties hereunder.
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4.Manager of Managers Structure. The Adviser shall also have the authority, upon the approval of the Board and subject to applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the regulations thereunder, to select one or more subadvisers to provide day-to-day portfolio management with respect to all or a portion of the assets of any of the Funds and to allocate and reallocate the assets of a Fund between and among any subadvisers so selected pursuant to a “manager of managers” structure. The Fund acknowledges that the Adviser would have the authority to retain and terminate subadvisers, engage new subadvisers and make material revisions to the terms of the subadvisory agreements subject to approval of the Board of Trustees, but not shareholder approval, under this structure.
5.Portfolio Transactions. The Adviser shall select and monitor the selection of the brokers or dealers that will execute the purchases and sales of securities for the Funds and is directed to use its best efforts to ensure that the best available price and most favorable execution of securities transactions for the Funds is obtained. Subject to policies established by the Board of Trustees of the Trust and communicated to the Adviser, it is understood that the Adviser will not be deemed to have acted unlawfully, or to have breached a fiduciary duty to the Trust or in respect of a Fund, or be in breach of any obligation owing to the Trust or in respect of a Fund under this Agreement, or otherwise, solely by reason of its having caused a Fund to pay a member of a securities exchange, a broker or a dealer a commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the amount of commission another member of an exchange, broker or dealer would have charged if the Adviser determines in good faith that the commission paid was reasonable in relation to the brokerage or research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and interpretive guidance issued by the SEC thereunder) provided by such member, broker or dealer, viewed in terms of that particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts, including the Funds, as to which it exercises investment discretion. The Adviser will promptly communicate to the officers and Trustees of the Trust such information relating to Fund transactions as they may reasonably request.
6.Expenses. The Adviser shall bear all expenses, and shall furnish all necessary services, facilities and personnel, in connection with its responsibilities under this Agreement. Other than as herein specifically indicated, the Adviser shall not be responsible for a Fund’s expenses, including, without limitation: advisory fees; distribution fees; interest; taxes; governmental fees; voluntary assessments and other expenses incurred in connection with membership in investment company organizations; organizational costs of the Fund; the cost (including brokerage commissions, transaction fees or charges, if any) in connection with the purchase or sale of the Fund’s securities and other investments and any losses in connection therewith; fees and expenses of custodians, transfer agents, administrators, registrars, independent pricing vendors or other agents; legal expenses; loan commitment fees; expenses relating to share certificates; expenses relating to the issuing and redemption or repurchase of the Fund’s shares and servicing shareholder accounts; expenses of registering and qualifying the Fund’s shares for sale under applicable federal and state law; expenses of preparing, setting in print, printing and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information and any supplements thereto, reports, proxy statements, notices and dividends to the Fund’s shareholders; costs of stationery; website costs; costs of meetings of the Board or any committee thereof, meetings of shareholders and other meetings of the Fund except as otherwise determined by the Trustees; Board fees; audit fees; travel expenses of officers, Trustees and employees of the Trust who are not officers, employees or directors of the Adviser or its affiliates, if any; and the Trust’s pro rata portion of premiums on any fidelity bond and other insurance covering the Trust and its officers, Trustees and employees; litigation expenses and any non-recurring or extraordinary expenses as may arise, including, without limitation, those relating to actions, suits or proceedings to which the Fund is a party and the legal obligation which the Fund may have to indemnify the Trust’s Trustees and officers with respect thereto.
The Adviser shall authorize and permit any of its directors, officers and employees, who may be elected as Trustees or officers of the Trust, to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. No officer or employee of the Trust or a Fund shall receive from the Trust or a Fund any salary or other compensation as such Trustee, officer or employee while he is at the same time a director, officer, or employee of the Adviser or any affiliated company of the Adviser, except as the Board may decide.
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7.Compensation of the Adviser. For the services to be rendered by the Adviser as provided in this Agreement, each Fund shall pay to the Adviser within five business days after the end of each calendar month a monthly fee of one-twelfth the annual rate set forth opposite the Fund’s name on Schedule B hereto based on the Fund’s average daily net assets for that month. For the purposes of this Agreement, each Fund’s “net assets” shall be determined as provided in the Fund’s then-current Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information.
In the event of termination of this Agreement, the fee provided in this Section 6 shall be paid on a pro-rata basis, based on the number of days during which this Agreement was in effect.
8.Reports. The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, and the Adviser agree to furnish to each other such information regarding their operations with regard to their affairs as each may reasonably request. Information and reports furnished by the Adviser to the Board and the officers of the Trust shall be at the Adviser’s expense. In compliance with the requirements of Rule 31a-3 under the 1940 Act, the Adviser hereby agrees that any records that it maintains for a Fund are the property of the Fund, and further agrees to surrender promptly to the Fund any of such records upon the Fund’s request; provided, however, that the Adviser may retain for its records copies of the records so surrendered. The Adviser further agrees to arrange for the preservation of any such records for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act.
9.Status of Adviser. The services of the Adviser to the Funds are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Adviser shall be free to render similar services to others so long as its services to the Funds are not impaired thereby. In addition, nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any director, officer or employee of the Adviser who may also be a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust or a Fund, to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar nature or a dissimilar nature.
10.Liability of Adviser. In the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard by the Adviser of its obligations and duties hereunder, the Adviser shall not be subject to any liability whatsoever to a Fund, or to any shareholder of a Fund, for any error of judgment, mistake of law or any other act or omission in the course of, or connected with, rendering services hereunder including, without limitation, for any losses that may be sustained in connection with the purchase, holding, redemption or sale of any security on behalf of the Fund.
11.Duration and Termination. The term of this Agreement shall commence with respect to a Fund on the date set forth opposite the Fund’s name as set forth on Schedule A hereto (the “Effective Date”),provided that first it is approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any party hereto, in the manner provided in Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act, and by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and shall continue in effect for the initial term set forth in Schedule A. This Agreement shall continue in effect with respect to a Fund after its initial term, provided such continuance is approved at least annually by (i) the Trust’s Board of Trustees or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund; and in either event by a vote of a majority of those Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party in the manner provided in Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated with respect to a Fund: (a) at any time without penalty by the Fund upon the vote of a majority of the Trustees or by vote of the majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Adviser or (b) by the Adviser at any time without penalty, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Fund. This Agreement will also terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). Any notice under this Agreement shall be given in writing, addressed and delivered or mailed postpaid, to the other party at the principal office of such party.
As used in this Section 10, the terms “assignment,” “interested person” and “a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” shall have the respective meanings set forth in Section 2(a)(4), Section 2(a)(19) and Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act and Rule 18f-2 thereunder, subject to such exemptions as may be granted by the SEC by any rule, regulation, order or interpretive guidance.
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12.Declaration of Trust. The Adviser agrees that for services rendered to a Fund, or for any claim by it in connection with services rendered to a Fund, it shall look only to assets of that Fund for satisfaction and that it shall have no claim against the assets of any other portfolios of the Trust.
13.Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of the State of .
14.Severability. If any provisions of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby.
15.Amendments. No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, waiver, discharge or termination is sought, and with such approvals as required by applicable law.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the day and year first above written.
| | | | | | |
ATTEST | | | | ASTON FUNDS on behalf of the series set forth in Schedule A |
| | | |
| | | | By: | | |
| | | | Title: | | |
| | |
ATTEST | | | | ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
| | | |
| | | | By: | | |
| | | | Title: | | |
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Schedule 2.2
Fund Contracts
2.2(g)
(i) Advisory Contracts and Sub-Advisory Contracts
| 1. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Value Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (successor in interest to ABN AMRO Asset Management (USA) LLC). |
| 2. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 27, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Real Estate Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (successor in interest to ABN AMRO Asset Management (USA) LLC). |
| 3. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 30, 2003, by and between ABN AMRO High Yield Bond Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (successor in interest to ABN AMRO Asset Management (USA) LLC). |
| 4. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 11, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Growth Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 5. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 11, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Mid Cap Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 6. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 11, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Balanced Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 7. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 11, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Bond Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 8. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 17, 2002, by and between ABN AMRO Investment Grade Bond Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 9. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 11, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Municipal Bond Fund and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. |
| 10. | Expense Limitation Agreement by and between ABN AMRO Funds and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. for Value Fund, Real Estate Fund, High Yield Bond Fund, Mid Cap Fund, Bond Fund, Investment Grade Bond Fund. |
| 11. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund and Montag & Caldwell Inc. |
| 12. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/Montag & Caldwell Balanced Fund and Montag & Caldwell Inc. |
| 13. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/TAMRO Large Cap Value Fund and TAMRO Capital Partners LLC. |
| 14. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/TAMRO Small Cap Value Fund and TAMRO Capital Partners LLC. |
| 15. | Expense Limitation Agreement by and between ABN AMRO Funds and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. for TAMRO Large Cap Value Fund & Small Cap Fund. |
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| 16. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund and Veredus Asset Management LLC. |
| 17. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 1, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/Veredus SciTech Fund and Veredus Asset Management LLC. |
| 18. | ABN AMRO/VEREDUS Select Growth Fund Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 28, 2001, by and between ABN AMRO Funds (f/k/a Alleghany Funds) on behalf of Alleghany/Veredus Select Growth and Veredus Asset Management LLC. |
| 19. | Expense Limitation Agreement by and between ABN AMRO Funds and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. for Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund, SciTech Fund and Select Growth Fund. |
| 20. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 27, 2005, by and between ABN AMRO Funds and River Road Asset Management, LLC for ABN AMRO/ River Road Dynamic Equity Income Fund. |
| 21. | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2005, by and between ABN AMRO Funds and River Road Asset Management, LLC for ABN AMRO/ River Road Small Cap Value Fund. |
| 22. | Expense Limitation Agreement by and between ABN AMRO Funds and ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. for ABN AMRO/ River Road Dynamic Equity Income Fund and ABN AMRO/ River Road Small Cap Value Fund by and between ABN AMRO Funds and River Road Asset Management, LLC. |
| 23. | ABN AMRO Value Fund Sub-Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 1, 2002, by and between ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. (successor in interest to ABN AMRO Asset Management (USA) LLC) and MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. |
| 24. | ABN AMRO Mid Cap Sub-Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 22, 2003, by and between ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc. and Optimum Investment Advisors, LP. |
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Schedule 9.17
Economic Terms of Investment Advisory Contracts and Investment Subadvisory Contracts
| | | | | | |
Fund | | Advisory | | | Subadvisor Share* | |
ABN AMRO Growth Class N | | 0.70 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Growth Class I | | 0.70 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Growth Class R | | 0.70 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Growth Class N | | 0.66 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Growth Class I | | 0.66 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Growth Class R | | 0.66 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Tamro Large Cap Value Class N | | 0.80 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Value Class N | | 0.80 | % | | 76.47 | % |
ABN AMRO Value Class I | | 0.80 | % | | 76.47 | % |
Veredus Select Growth Class N | | 0.80 | % | | 50.00 | % |
River Road Dynamic Equity Income Class N | | 0.70 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Mid Cap Class N | | 0.74 | % | | 35.82 | % |
ABN AMRO Mid Cap Class I | | 0.74 | % | | 35.82 | % |
ABN AMRO Mid Cap Growth Class N | | 0.80 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Tamro Small Cap Class N | | 0.90 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Tamro Small Cap Class I | | 0.90 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Veredus Aggressive Growth Class N | | 1.00 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Veredus Aggressive Growth Class I | | 1.00 | % | | 50.00 | % |
River Road Small Cap Value Class N | | 0.90 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Real Estate Class N | | 1.00 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO Real Estate Class I | | 1.00 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Veredus SciTech Class N | | 1.00 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced Class N | | 0.75 | % | | 50.00 | % |
Montag & Caldwell Balanced Class I | | 0.75 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO High Yield Class N | | 0.45 | % | | 50.00 | % |
ABN AMRO High Yield Class I | | 0.45 | % | | 50.00 | % |
* | Net of all payments pursuant to third party revenue sharing arrangements, fund expense reimbursements and fee waivers. |
ANNEX B
April 20, 2006
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
| Re: | Side Letter Agreement—Veredus / Non-Compete Amendment |
Dear Mr. Foote:
Reference is made to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), made by and among Highbury Financial Inc., a Delaware corporation, Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Purchaser”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation , Montag & Caldwell, Inc., a Georgia corporation , Tamro Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company , Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company . Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Purchase Agreement.
As a condition to Veredus entering into the Purchase Agreement, Purchaser and Veredus hereby agree as follows:
1. Notwithstanding Section 5.4 of the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, Veredus shall not be restricted by such Section 5.4 from engaging in any and all activities, business, investment or otherwise, provided that Veredus shall not, directly or indirectly,: (i) advise, sub-advise, sponsor, or own a Mutual Fund managed in a similar style to the Veredus Aggressive Growth Fund; or (ii) use any Retained Names & Marks with respect to any Mutual Fund (other than in connection with the Target Funds) until the earlier of (x) the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date and (y) the date on which Veredus ceases to sub-advise all Target Funds which it had previously advised as the result of its termination as a subadvisor by the Purchaser or the board of trustees of such Target Fund without reasonable cause.
2. Notwithstanding Section 5.5 of the Purchase Agreement, Purchaser agrees not to solicit or hire any employees of Veredus during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the earlier of the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date or the termination of the Purchase Agreement in accordance with its terms.
3. Veredus shall not be subject to the obligations of Section 4.13 of the Purchase Agreement.
4. Notwithstanding Sections 4.10 and 5.6(a), Veredus, its Affiliates, owners, directors and officers shall be permitted to purchase or sell an interest in Veredus (a “Veredus Transaction”), regardless of whether such sale or purchase results, or is deemed to result, in a “change of control” of Veredus and whether structured as a sale or transfer of membership interests, a merger or otherwise; provided that (x) the consummation of a Veredus Transaction does not (i) result in the transfer (other than a deemed transfer) of any of the Acquired Assets, (ii) result in the termination of any Investment Subadvisory Agreement to which Veredus is a party or otherwise result in an inability of Veredus to serve as an adviser of the Target Funds which it advises, at any time prior the first to occur of the Closing and termination of the Purchase Agreement or a sub-adviser of any such Target Funds following the Closing or (iii) otherwise result in the inability of Veredus (or, to the extent applicable, the acquiring party) to complete the transactions contemplated by, and comply with the provisions of the Purchase
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Agreement and the Investment Subadvisory Agreement between Purchaser and Veredus and (y) the acquiring party in the Veredus Transaction agrees in writing with Purchaser that Veredus (and to the extent applicable, such acquiring party) shall continue to be bound by the Purchase Agreement. Furthermore, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.6(a), except as otherwise required by law, the consummation of a Veredus Transaction which complies with the provisos set forth in the preceding sentence shall not constitute a basis for termination of the Investment Subadvisory Agreement to which it will be a party or a breach thereunder.
This letter agreement shall constitute the binding and enforceable obligation of Purchaser and Veredus and is not superseded or replaced by the terms of the Purchase Agreement or any other agreement entered into in connection with the Purchase Agreement. The provisions in this letter agreement shall be effective upon the Effective Date and if the Closing does not occur for any reason, or the Purchase Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, this letter agreement shall also be automatically terminated contemporaneously therewith, and shall be null and void and of no legal effect, such that neither party shall have any obligations hereunder. This letter agreement shall be binding upon the parties to this letter agreement and their successors and assigns; provided, that this letter agreement shall automatically terminate in the event that (i) any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller becomes the successor to Veredus (other than a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Veredus), (ii) any other Seller or any Affiliate of any other Seller becomes the owner of in excess of 50% of the outstanding equity interests in Veredus or (iii) in the event of any assignment hereof to any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller.
This letter agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to its conflicts of law rules.
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If the foregoing accurately reflects the agreement, please execute one copy of this letter agreement and return it to us, whereupon this letter agreement shall become a binding agreement between the parties.
| | |
VEREDUS ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ JAMES R. JENKINS |
Name: | | James R. Jenkins |
Title: | | Vice President and Chief Operating Officer |
Acknowledged and Accepted:
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
By: Highbury Financial Inc.
Its: Managing Member
| | |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
Side Letter—Veredus / Non-Compete
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ANNEX C
April 20, 2006
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
| Re: | Side Letter Agreement—River Road / Non-Compete Amendment and Assets Under Management |
Dear Mr. Foote:
Reference is made to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), made by and among Highbury Financial Inc., a Delaware corporation, Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Purchaser”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation , Montag & Caldwell, Inc., a Georgia corporation , Tamro Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company , Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company , and River Road Asset Management, LLC (“River Road”), a Delaware limited liability company . Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Purchase Agreement.
As a condition to River Road entering into the Purchase Agreement, Purchaser and River Road hereby agree as follows:
1. Notwithstanding Section 5.4 of the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, River Road shall not be restricted by such Section 5.4 from engaging in any and all activities, business, investment or otherwise, including advisory or sub-advisory of mutual funds, provided that, for a period of five years following the Closing Date, or such earlier date that a given River Road Target Fund is no longer generally available to investors or such earlier date that River Road is terminated as sub-advisor to a given River Road Target Fund, River Road shall not, directly or indirectly: (i) sponsor or own a Mutual Fund managed in a similar style to the River Road Small Cap Value or the River Road Dynamic Equity Income strategies; or (ii) use or permit the use of any Retained Names & Marks with respect to any single manager Mutual Fund managed in a similar style to the River Road Small Cap Value or the River Road Dynamic Equity Income strategies (other than in connection with the Target Funds).
2. Notwithstanding Section 5.5 of the Purchase Agreement, Purchaser agrees not to solicit or hire any employees of River Road during the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the earlier of the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date or the termination of the Purchase Agreement in accordance with its terms.
3. River Road shall not be subject to the obligations of Section 4.13 of the Purchase Agreement.
4. Notwithstanding Sections 4.10 and 5.6(a), River Road, its Affiliates, owners, directors and officers shall be permitted to purchase or sell an interest in River Road (a “River Road Transaction”), regardless of whether such sale or purchase results, or is deemed to result, in a “change of control” of River Road and whether structured as a sale or transfer of membership interests, a merger or otherwise; provided that (x) the consummation of a River Road Transaction does not (i) result in the transfer (other than a deemed transfer) of any of the Acquired Assets, (ii) result in the termination of any Subadvisory Agreement to which River Road is a party or otherwise result in an inability of River Road to serve as an adviser of the Target Funds which it advises, at any time prior the first to occur of the Closing and termination of the Purchase Agreement or a sub-adviser of any such Target Funds following the Closing or (iii) otherwise result in the inability of River Road (or to the extent applicable, such acquiring party) to complete the transactions contemplated by, and comply with the
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provisions of the Purchase Agreement and the Investment Subadvisory Agreement between Purchaser and River Road and (y) the acquiring party in the River Road Transaction agrees in writing with Purchaser that River Road (and to the extent applicable, such acquiring party) shall continue to be bound by the Purchase Agreement. Furthermore, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.6(a), except as otherwise required by law, the consummation of a River Road Transaction which complies with the provisos set forth in the preceding sentence shall not constitute a basis for termination of the Investment Subadvisory Agreement to which it will be a party or a breach thereunder.
This letter agreement shall constitute the binding and enforceable obligation of Purchaser and River Road and is not superseded or replaced by the terms of the Purchase Agreement or any other agreement entered into in connection with the Purchase Agreement. The provisions in this letter agreement shall be effective upon the Effective Date and if the Closing does not occur for any reason, or the Purchase Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, this letter agreement shall also be automatically terminated contemporaneously therewith, and shall be null and void and of no legal effect, such that neither party shall have any obligations hereunder. This letter agreement shall be binding upon the parties to this letter agreement and their successors and assigns; provided, that this letter agreement shall automatically terminate in the event that (i) any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller becomes the successor to River Road (other than a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of River Road), (ii) any other Seller or any Affiliate of any other Seller becomes the owner of in excess of 55% of the outstanding equity interests in River Road or (iii) in the event of any assignment hereof to any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller.
This letter agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to its conflicts of law rules.
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If the foregoing accurately reflects the agreement, please execute one copy of this letter agreement and return it to us, whereupon this letter agreement shall become a binding agreement between the parties.
| | |
RIVER ROAD ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ R. ANDREW BECK |
Name: | | R. Andrew Beck |
Title: | | President |
Acknowledged and Accepted:
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
By: Highbury Financial Inc.
Its: Managing Member
| | |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
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ANNEX D
April 20, 2006
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
| Re: | Side Letter Agreement—Montag & Caldwell |
Dear Mr. Foote:
Reference is made to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), made by and among Highbury Financial Inc., a Delaware corporation, Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Purchaser”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation , ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation , Montag & Caldwell, Inc. (“Montag”), a Georgia corporation , Tamro Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company , Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company , and River Road Asset Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Purchase Agreement.
In connection with Montag entering into the Purchaser Agreement, Purchaser and Montag hereby enter into this letter immediately after the effectiveness of the Purchase Agreement and hereby agree as follows:
1. Notwithstanding Section 5.4 of the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, Section 5.4 shall not restrict Montag from: (i) acting as sub-adviser to any multi-manager product or fund, or (ii) acting as the adviser or a sub-adviser to any Mutual Fund; provided, however, that prior to the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date, Montag may not (A) act as the sole adviser or as a sub-adviser to a mutual fund registered under the 1940 Act, other than the Target Funds, or (B) use or permit the use of the Retained Name & Marks with respect to any Mutual Fund, other than the Target Funds. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Montag may use the Retained Name and Marks prior to the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date in connection with any collective investment fund that is not registered under the 1940 Act that Montag sponsors (a “Montag CIV”), provided that Montag pays the Purchaser ten (10) basis points per annum on the aggregate amount of the assets invested in such Montag CIV by any investor who, together with such investor’s Related Parties, initially invests less than $40 million in such Montag CIV. Montag shall pay such ten (10) basis points solely with respect to the first $40 million that the investor invests in such Montag CIV and shall pay such amount until the earlier of the date on which the investor withdraws such assets from the Montag CIV or the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date. For purposes of this Paragraph 1, “Related Party” shall mean (1) with respect to any partnership, corporation, company, limited liability company, trust or other entity, any Affiliate of such entity, and (2) with respect to any natural person, any member of such person’s family or any partnership, trust or other entity, the beneficial interests in which are directly or indirectly owned solely by members of such person’s family.
2. Notwithstanding Section 5.4 of the Purchase Agreement, in the event that the Purchaser terminates an Investment Subadvisory Agreement between the Purchaser and Montag before the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date without Cause, (i) Montag shall immediately have the right (a) to act as the sole adviser or sole sub-adviser with respect to any mutual fund registered under the 1940 Act which is managed in a similar style to that of the fund subject to such terminated Investment Subadvisory Agreement, and (b) to use the Retained Name & Marks with respect to any product, fund or other investment vehicle for which it acts as sponsor, adviser or sub-adviser and which is managed in a similar style to that of the fund subject to such terminated Investment
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Subadvisory Agreement, and (ii) if such terminated Investment Subadvisory Agreement was with respect to the ABN AMRO / Montag & Caldwell Growth Fund, then Montag’s obligation to pay the Purchaser ten (10) basis with respect to any Montag CIV shall immediately terminate. For purposes of this paragraph 2, the term “Cause” shall mean any (i) material breach by Montag of the Investment Subadvisory Agreement, (ii) any material regulatory compliance issue arising from or relating to any action or inaction of Montag, (iii) any loss of key Montag personnel or (iv) any other event or circumstance of similar import or impact.
3. Purchaser agrees that, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.4(a)(iii) of the Purchase Agreement, Montag shall be permitted to accept funds from clients of Target Funds for purposes of creating a separately managed account managed in the style of any Target Fund sub-advised by Montag, without regard to the amount of total investment dollars that such client and his, her or its Affiliates collectively provide Montag for investment in such account, provided that with respect to any such investment made during the Restricted Period (i) such investor provides Purchaser with a letter of intent with respect to such investment, which letter on intent includes a representation by such investor that Montag did not, directly or indirectly, solicit such investment and (ii) Montag shall pay the Purchaser ten (10) basis points per annum on the aggregate amount of the assets so invested until the earlier of (x) the fifth anniversary of the date of such initial investment or (y) the date on which such investor withdraws such assets from management by Montag.
This letter agreement shall constitute the binding and enforceable obligation of Purchaser and Montag and is not superseded or replaced by the terms of the Purchase Agreement or any other agreement entered into in connection with the Purchase Agreement. The provisions in this letter agreement shall be effective upon the Effective Date and if the Closing does not occur for any reason, or the Purchase Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, this letter agreement shall also be automatically terminated contemporaneously therewith, and shall be null and void and of no legal effect, such that neither party shall have any obligations hereunder. This letter agreement shall be binding upon the parties to this letter agreement and their successors and assigns; provided, that this letter agreement shall automatically terminate in the event that (i) any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller becomes the successor to Montag (other than a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Montag) or (ii) in the event of any assignment hereof to any other Seller or Affiliate of any other Seller.
This letter agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to its conflicts of law rules.
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If the foregoing accurately reflects the agreement, please execute one copy of this letter agreement and return it to us, whereupon this letter agreement shall become a binding agreement between the parties.
| | |
MONTAG & CALDWELL, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ WILLIAM A. VOGEL |
Name: | | William A. Vogel |
Title: | | Chief Executive Officer |
Acknowledged and Accepted:
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
By: Highbury Financial Inc.
Its: Managing Member
| | |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief President |
Side Letter—Montag / Non-Compete
D-3
ANNEX E
April 20, 2006
Highbury Financial Inc.
535 Madison Avenue, 19th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Richard Foote
Fax: (212) 688-2343
| Re: | Side Letter Agreement—Target Click |
Dear Mr. Foote:
Reference is made to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), made by and among Highbury Financial Inc., a Delaware corporation, Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Purchaser”), ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“AAIFS”), ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“AAAMI”), Montag & Caldwell, Inc., a Georgia corporation (“Montag”), Tamro Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TAMRO”), Veredus Asset Management LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company (“Veredus”), and River Road Asset Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“River Road” and together with AAAMHI, AAIFS, AAAMI, Montag, TAMRO and Veredus individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Purchase Agreement.
As a condition to AAAMHI entering into the Purchaser Agreement, AAAMHI and Purchaser hereby agree as follows:
1. AAAMHI and its Affiliates intend to bring to market in the United States a family of funds which offer a target-date style balanced portfolio with the additional benefit that at the fund’s maturity date, the investor will receive the highest NAV ever achieved during the life of the fund (the “HiPoint Funds”). Similar to other target date funds, the allocation to fixed income and equities is gradually adjusted during the life of the fund, reflecting that investors take on more risk with longer investment horizons. ABN AMRO Asset Management currently intends to bring this capability to the market under theHiPoint Funds name.
2. AAAMHI agrees to negotiate, in good faith, with the Purchaser during the period prior to the Closing to reach a mutually satisfactory agreement under which the HiPoint Funds would become Target Funds under the Purchase Agreement, including those terms set forth in the term sheet attached hereto asExhibit A. The parties hereto agree that the terms set forth onExhibit A of this letter agreement do not represent a legally binding contact between us with respect to the proposed transaction, but instead is merely a statement of our mutual intent to work toward such transaction along the lines described inExhibit A. Any binding legal obligation with respect to this Section 2 between the parties shall be only as set forth in duly negotiated and executed closing documents which shall be in form and content satisfactory to the parties hereto.
3. AAAMHI agrees that from the Effective Date until the first to occur of (x) valid termination of the Purchase Agreement pursuant to Section 8.3 thereof, or (y) the Closing (the “Right of First Offer Period”) it will not assign, or otherwise negotiate with respect to or enter into an agreement regarding, the right to sponsor and/or act as investment adviser to the HiPoint Funds with any Person other than Purchaser and its Affiliates.
4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that AAAMHI and Purchaser are unable to mutually agree during the Right of First Offer Period upon the terms by which Purchaser will sponsor and advise the HiPoint Funds, then nothing in the Purchase Agreement or any other document related thereto shall prohibit the ability of
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any of the Sellers or their Affiliates, after the Right of First Offer Period, to market or sub-advise (but not advise, sponsor or use, or permit the use of, the Retained Names & Marks with respect to) any of the HiPoint Funds.
Except to the extent expressly provided in Section 2 above, this letter agreement shall constitute the binding and enforceable obligation of Purchaser and AAAMHI and is not superseded or replaced by the terms of the Purchase Agreement or any other agreement entered into in connection with the Purchase Agreement (including the Transition Services Agreement). The provisions in this letter agreement shall be effective upon the Effective Date.
If the foregoing accurately reflects the agreement, please execute one copy of this letter agreement and return it to us, whereupon this letter agreement shall become a binding agreement between the parties.
| | |
ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ NANCY J. HOLLAND |
Name: | | Nancy J. Holland |
Title: | | President |
Acknowledged and Accepted:
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
By: Highbury Financial Inc.
Its: Managing Member
| | |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC. |
| |
By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Exhibit A
Term Sheet
1. | An Affiliate of AAAMHI will be responsible for maintaining the guarantee for each HiPoint Fund to the extent such Affiliate is capable of making such guarantee. |
2. | Purchaser will be reimbursed by AAAMHI, or one of its Affiliates, for all out of pocket expenses actually incurred by Purchaser on account of sponsoring and advising the HiPoint Funds which exceed earned revenue of the Purchaser from the HighPoint Funds for the three year period commencing on the opening of the first HiPoint Fund. |
3. | The net revenue split is 60%/40% in favor of AAAMHI and its Affiliates to reimburse AAAMHI and its Affiliates for the cost of the guarantee. |
4. | It is the intent of the parties to have the funds available for investment by 8/1/06. |
5. | The funds will be branded “[Newco] ABN AMRO HiPoint Funds. |
6. | Seed Capital of not less than $5 million will be provided by AAAMHI or its Affiliates, unless an equivalent amount has been raised from other parties prior to opening of the HiPoint Funds. |
7. | Commitment to sub-advise until the fifth anniversary of the Closing. |
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ANNEX F
SECOND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC.
It is hereby certified that:
| 1. | The present name of the corporation (hereinafter called the “Corporation”) is Highbury Financial Inc., which is the name under which the Corporation was originally incorporated; and the date of filing the original certificate of incorporation of the Corporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware is July 13, 2005, as the date of filing of the restated certificate of incorporation of the Corporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware is January 20, 2006. |
| 2. | The certificate of incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended by striking out Article Fifth thereof. |
| 3. | The provisions of the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation as heretofore amended and/or supplemented, and as herein amended, are hereby restated and integrated into the single instrument which is hereinafter set forth, and which is entitled Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Highbury Financial Inc. without any further amendment other than the amendment herein certified and without any discrepancy between the provisions of the certificate of incorporation as heretofore amended and supplemented and the provisions of the said single instrument hereinafter set forth. |
| 4. | The amendment and the restatement of the certificate of incorporation herein certified have been duly adopted by the stockholders in accordance with the provisions of Sections 228, 242, and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. |
| 5. | The certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and restated herein, shall at the effective time of this Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation, read as follows: |
F-1
SECOND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC.
The undersigned, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Highbury Financial Inc., for the purpose of organizing a corporation to conduct the business and promote the purposes hereinafter stated, under the provisions and subject to the requirements of the laws of the State of Delaware hereby certifies that:
First. The name of the Corporation is Highbury Financial Inc. (the“Corporation”).
Second. The registered office of the Corporation is located at 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, County of New Castle, Wilmington, Delaware 19808. The name of its registered agent at that address is Corporation Service Company.
Third. The purpose of the Corporation shall be: To engage in any lawful act or activity for which Corporations may be organized under the DGCL.
Fourth. The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 51,000,000 of which 50,000,000 shares shall be Common Stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share and of which 1,000,000 shares shall be Preferred Stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share.
A. Preferred Stock. The Board of Directors is expressly granted authority to issue shares of Preferred Stock, in one or more series, and to fix for each such series such voting powers, full or limited, and such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and such qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof as shall be stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors providing for the issue of such series (a“Preferred Stock Designation”) and as may be permitted by the DGCL. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, without a separate vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock, or any series thereof, unless a vote of any such holders is required to take such action pursuant to any Preferred Stock Designation.
B. Common Stock. Except as otherwise required by law or as otherwise provided in any Preferred Stock Designation, the holders of Common Stock shall exclusively possess all voting power and each share of Common Stock shall have one vote.
Fifth. The Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes: Class A, Class B and Class C. The number of directors in each class shall be as nearly equal as possible. The directors of the Corporation on the date hereof shall determine their class. To the extent any additional directors are elected or appointed prior to the Corporation’s first Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the directors of the Corporation shall determine the class of such additional directors. The directors in Class A shall be elected for a term expiring at the first Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the directors in Class B shall be elected for a term expiring at the second Annual Meeting of Stockholders and the directors in Class C shall be elected for a term expiring at the third Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Commencing at the first Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and at each Annual Meeting of Stockholders thereafter, directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms expire in connection with such Annual Meeting of Stockholders shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding Annual Meeting of Stockholders after their election. Except as the DGCL may otherwise require, in the interim between Annual Meetings of Stockholders or Special Meetings of Stockholders called for the election of directors and/or the removal of one or more directors and the filling of any vacancy in connection therewith, newly created directorships and any vacancies in the Board of Directors, including unfilled vacancies resulting from the removal of directors for cause, may be filled by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office,
F-2
although less than a quorum (as defined in the Corporation’s Bylaws), or by the sole remaining director. All directors shall hold office until the expiration of their respective terms of office and until their successors shall have been elected and qualified. A director elected to fill a vacancy resulting from the death, resignation or removal of a director shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the director whose death, resignation or removal shall have created such vacancy and until his successor shall have been elected and qualified.
Sixth. The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and for further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation and of its directors and stockholders:
A. Election of directors need not be by ballot unless the Corporation’s Bylaws so provide.
B. The Board of Directors shall have the power, without the assent or vote of the stockholders, to make, alter, amend, change, add to or repeal the Corporation’s Bylaws as provided in the Corporation’s Bylaws.
C. The directors in their discretion may submit any contract or act for approval or ratification at any Annual Meeting of Stockholders or at any Special Meeting of Stockholders called for the purpose of considering any such act or contract, and any contract or act that shall be approved or be ratified by the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Corporation which is represented in person or by proxy at such meeting and entitled to vote thereat (provided that a lawful quorum of stockholders be there represented in person or by proxy) shall be as valid and binding upon the Corporation and upon all the stockholders as though it had been approved or ratified by every stockholder of the Corporation, whether or not the contract or act would otherwise be open to legal attack because of directors’ interests, or for any other reason.
D. In addition to the powers and authorities hereinbefore stated or by statute expressly conferred upon them, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the Corporation; subject, notwithstanding, to the provisions of applicable law, this Certificate of Incorporation, and any bylaws from time to time made by the stockholders; provided, however, that no bylaw so made shall invalidate any prior act of the directors which would have been valid if such bylaw had not been made.
Seventh. The following paragraphs shall apply with respect to liability and indemnification of officers and directors:
A. A director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this paragraph A by the stockholders of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation with respect to events occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
B. The Corporation, to the full extent permitted by Section 145 of the DGCL, as amended from time to time, shall indemnify all persons whom it may indemnify pursuant thereto. Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an officer or director in defending any civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative action, suit or proceeding or which such officer or director may be entitled to indemnification hereunder shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized hereby.
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Eighth. Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between this Corporation and its creditors or any class of them and/or between this Corporation and its stockholders or any class of them, any court of equitable jurisdiction within the State of Delaware may, on the application in a summary way of this Corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof or on the application of any receiver or receivers appointed for this Corporation under Section 291 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code or on the application of trustees in dissolution or of any receiver or receivers appointed for this Corporation under Section 279 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code order a meeting of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of this Corporation, as the case may be, to be summoned in such manner as the said court directs. If a majority in number representing three fourths in value of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of this Corporation, as the case may be, agree to any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of this Corporation as a consequence of such compromise or arrangement, the said compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization shall, if sanctioned by the court to which the said application has been made, be binding on all the creditors or class of creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of stockholders, of this Corporation, as the case may be, and also on this Corporation.
In Witness Whereof, this Certificate has been subscribed this day of , 2006 by the undersigned who affirms that the statements made herein are true and correct.
|
|
|
Richard S. Foote |
President & Chief Executive Officer |
Signature Page to Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation
F-4
ANNEX G
| | |
| | Capitalink, L.C. |
| One Alhambra Plaza |
| Suite 1410 |
| Coral Gables, Florida 33134 |
| Phone 305-446-2026 |
| Fax 305-446-2926 |
| www.capitalinklc.com |
May 31, 2006
The Board of Directors
Highbury Financial Inc.
999 Eighteenth Street
Denver, CO 80202
Gentlemen:
We have been advised that on April 20, 2006, Highbury Financial Inc. (“Highbury”) and Aston Asset Management, LLC, a newly formed Delaware limited liability company (“Aston”, and together with Highbury, “the Highbury Entities”) entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) and related side letters with ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc. (“AAAMHI”), ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., Montag & Caldwell, Inc., Tamro Capital Partners LLC, Veredus Asset Management LLC, and River Road Asset Management, LLC (each individually referred to as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”). Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth therein, the Highbury Entities will acquire substantially all of the Sellers’ business (as specified in the Asset Purchase Agreement), in exchange for $38.6 million in cash (the “Asset Acquisition”). The Sellers’ business is providing investment advisory, administration, distribution and related services to the U.S. mutual funds (the “Target Funds”), as specified in the Asset Purchase Agreement (collectively, the “Acquired Business”).
We have been further advised that in connection with the Highbury Entities’ entering into the Asset Purchase Agreement, the limited liability company agreement (the “LLC Agreement”) of Aston was amended and restated to admit certain management employees of the Acquired Business as members. Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, 72% of the revenues (the “Operating Allocation”) of Aston will be allocated for use by management of Aston to pay the operating expenses of Aston, including salaries and bonuses. The remaining 28% of the revenues (the “Owners’ Allocation”) of Aston is allocated to the owners of Aston based on their relative ownership interests. Currently, 65% of the Owners’ Allocation (or 18.2% of total revenues) is allocable to Highbury and the remaining 35% of the Owners’ Allocation (or 9.8% of the total revenues) is allocable among the management members. Highbury’s contractual share of revenues has priority over any revenue distribution to Aston management members and Highbury must be made whole for any reduction to its prior revenue share before any distributions are made to Aston management members.
The Asset Acquisition is expected to be consummated (the “Closing”) in the second half of 2006, after receipt of requisite approvals from (i) the stockholders of Highbury, (ii) the stockholders of the Target Funds and (iii) the trustees of the Target Funds. In connection with the Closing, Aston will enter into agreements with each
G-1
The Board of Directors
Highbury Financial, Inc.
May 31, 2006
of the Sellers that currently manage the Target Funds pursuant to which each such Seller will act as a sub-advisor to the applicable Target Fund. Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement the Sellers have agreed not to terminate these agreements for a period of five years following the Closing.
At the Closing, Highbury will make a capital contribution to Aston of $38.6 million in cash to fund the purchase price under the Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Acquisition Consideration”). The previously described series of events are hereinafter the “Transaction”.
We have been retained to render an opinion as to whether, on the date of such opinion, (i) the Acquisition Consideration to be paid in the Transaction is fair, from a financial point of view, to Highbury’s stockholders, and (ii) the fair market value of the Acquired Business is at least equal to 80% of the net assets of Highbury.
We have not been requested to opine as to, and the opinion does not in any manner address, the relative merits of the Transaction as compared to any alternative business strategy that might exist for Highbury, the decision on whether Highbury should complete the Transaction, or other alternatives to the Transaction that might exist for Highbury. The amount of the Acquisition Consideration and the terms of the Asset Acquisition were determined pursuant to negotiations between the parties and each of their respective advisors, and not pursuant to recommendations of Capitalink.
In arriving at our opinion, we took into account an assessment of general economic, market and financial conditions as well as our experience in connection with similar transactions and securities valuations generally and, among other things:
| • | | Reviewed the Asset Purchase Agreement, the related side letters and the LLC Agreement. |
| • | | Reviewed publicly available financial information and other data with respect to Highbury, including the Prospectus on Form 424(b)(2) filed January 26, 2006, the Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the period ended March 31, 2006, the Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2005, and the Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 21, 2006. |
| • | | Reviewed non-public information with respect to the Acquired Business, including the audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the unaudited financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, and other information provided by Highbury, the Sellers and management of the Acquired Business. |
| • | | Considered the historical financial results and present financial condition of the Acquired Business. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed the free cash flows of the Acquired Business and prepared a discounted cash flow analysis. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed certain financial characteristics of companies that were deemed to have characteristics comparable to Acquired Business. |
| • | | Reviewed and analyzed certain financial characteristics of target companies in transactions where such target company was deemed to have characteristics comparable to that of Acquired Business. |
| • | | Reviewed and compared the net asset value of Highbury to the indicated fair market value of Acquired Business. |
| • | | Reviewed and discussed with representatives of Highbury and the Acquired Business’ management certain financial and operating information furnished, including financial analyses with respect to their respective business and operations. |
G-2
The Board of Directors
Highbury Financial, Inc.
May 31, 2006
| • | | Performed such other analyses and examinations as were deemed appropriate. |
In arriving at our opinion, we have relied upon and assumed the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was used by us without assuming any responsibility for any independent verification of any such information and we have further relied upon the assurances of Highbury and the Acquired Business management that they are not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make any such information inaccurate or misleading. With respect to the financial information utilized, we assumed that such information has been reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments, and that such information provides a reasonable basis upon which we could make our analysis and form an opinion. We have not made a physical inspection of the properties and facilities of the Acquired Business and have not made or obtained any evaluations or appraisals of the assets or liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of the Acquired Business. We have not attempted to confirm whether the Sellers have good title to the assets of the Acquired Business.
We assumed that the Transaction will be consummated in a manner that complies in all respects with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all other applicable federal and state statues, rules and regulations. We assumed that the Transaction will be consummated substantially in accordance with the terms set forth in the Asset Purchase Agreement, the related side letters and the LLC Agreement, without any further amendments thereto, and that any amendments, revisions or waivers thereto will not be detrimental to Highbury’s stockholders.
Our analysis and opinion are necessarily based upon market, economic and other conditions, as they exist on, and could be evaluated as of May 31, 2006. Accordingly, although subsequent developments may affect our opinion, we do not assume any obligation to update, review or reaffirm our opinion.
Our opinion is for the use and benefit of Highbury’s Board of Directors in connection with the preparation of the proxy statement for Highbury’s stockholders and in consideration by Highbury’s Board of Directors to submit the Transaction to its stockholders for approval and is not intended to be and does not constitute a recommendation to any stockholder of Highbury whether such stockholder should take any action, if required, such as voting on any matter, in connection with the Transaction. Capitalink does not express any opinion as to the future performance of Highbury, Aston, the Target Funds, or the Acquired Business or the price at which Highbury’s securities would trade at any time in the future.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date of this letter, (i) the Acquisition Consideration to be paid in the Transaction is fair, from a financial point of view, to Highbury’s stockholders, and (ii) the fair market value of the Acquired Business is at least equal to 80% of the net assets of Highbury.
In connection with our services, we have previously received a retainer and will receive the balance of our fee upon the rendering of this opinion. Our fee is not contingent on the completion of the Transaction. Neither Capitalink nor its principals beneficially own any interest in Highbury, Aston, the Sellers or the Acquired Business, and has never provided any of these companies with any other services and does not expect or contemplate any additional services or compensation. In addition, Highbury has agreed to indemnify us for certain liabilities that may arise out of rendering this opinion.
Our opinion is for the use and benefit of the Board of Directors of Highbury and is rendered in connection with the preparation of the proxy statement for Highbury’s stockholders and in consideration by Highbury’s Board of Directors to submit the Transaction to its stockholders for approval and may not be used by Highbury for any other purpose or reproduced, disseminated, quoted or referred to by Highbury at any time, in any manner
G-3
The Board of Directors
Highbury Financial, Inc.
May 31, 2006
or for any purpose, without the prior written consent of Capitalink, except that this opinion may be reproduced in full in, and references to the opinion and to Capitalink and its relationship with Highbury may be included, in filings made by Highbury with the Securities and Exchange Commission, if required by Securities and Exchange Commission rules, and in any proxy statement or similar disclosure document disseminated to stockholders if required by the Securities and Exchange Commission rules.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Capitalink, L.C.
Capitalink, L.C.
G-4
ANNEX H
Execution Copy
ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
DATED AS OF APRIL 20, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| | | | |
ARTICLE I | | DEFINITIONS | | H-1 |
Section 1.1. | | Definitions | | H-1 |
| | |
ARTICLE II | | ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS | | H-10 |
Section 2.1. | | Continuation | | H-10 |
Section 2.2. | | Name | | H-10 |
Section 2.3. | | Term | | H-10 |
Section 2.4. | | Registered Agent and Registered Office | | H-11 |
Section 2.5. | | Principal Place of Business | | H-11 |
Section 2.6. | | Qualification in Other Jurisdictions | | H-11 |
Section 2.7. | | Purposes and Powers | | H-11 |
Section 2.8. | | Title to Property | | H-12 |
| | |
ARTICLE III | | MANAGEMENT OF THE LLC | | H-12 |
Section 3.1. | | Management in General | | H-12 |
Section 3.2. | | Management Committee of the LLC | | H-13 |
Section 3.3. | | Officers of the LLC | | H-14 |
Section 3.4. | | Employees of the LLC | | H-14 |
Section 3.5. | | Operation of the Business of the LLC | | H-15 |
Section 3.6. | | Compensation and Expenses of the Members | | H-19 |
Section 3.7. | | Other Business of the Manager Member and Its Affiliates | | H-19 |
Section 3.8. | | Restrictions on Competition, Non-Solicitation and Non-Disclosure by Non-Manager Members and Employee Stockholders | | H-20 |
Section 3.9. | | Remedies Upon Breach | | H-22 |
Section 3.10. | | Purchase Provisions | | H-22 |
Section 3.11. | | No Employment Obligation | | H-26 |
Section 3.12. | | Capitalization of Excess Operating Cash Flow | | H-26 |
Section 3.13. | | Miscellaneous | | H-27 |
| | |
ARTICLE IV | | CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS AND ALLOCATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS | | H-27 |
Section 4.1. | | Capital Contributions | | H-27 |
Section 4.2. | | Capital Accounts; Allocations | | H-28 |
Section 4.3. | | Distributions | | H-30 |
Section 4.4. | | Distributions Upon Dissolution; Establishment of a Reserve Upon Dissolution | | H-32 |
Section 4.5. | | Proceeds from Capital Contributions and the Sale of Securities; Insurance Proceeds; Certain Special Allocations | | H-32 |
Section 4.6. | | Tax Allocations | | H-34 |
Section 4.7. | | Other Allocation Provisions | | H-34 |
Section 4.8. | | Withholding | | H-35 |
| | |
ARTICLE V | | TRANSFER OF LLC INTERESTS BY NON-MANAGER MEMBERS; RESIGNATION, REDEMPTION AND WITHDRAWAL BY NON-MANAGER MEMBERS; ADMISSION OF ADDITIONAL NON-MANAGER MEMBERS | | H-35 |
Section 5.1. | | Transferability of Interests | | H-35 |
Section 5.2. | | Substitute Non-Manager Members | | H-36 |
Section 5.3. | | Allocation of Distributions Between Transferor and Transferee; Successor to Capital Accounts | | H-37 |
Section 5.4. | | Resignation, Redemptions and Withdrawals | | H-37 |
Section 5.5. | | Issuance of Additional LLC Interests | | H-37 |
Section 5.6. | | Additional Requirements for Transfer or for Issuance | | H-38 |
Section 5.7. | | Registration of LLC Interests | | H-38 |
Section 5.8. | | Representation of Members | | H-38 |
Section 5.9. | | Conversion of Series B LLC Interests | | H-39 |
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| | | | |
ARTICLE VI | | TRANSFER OF LLC INTERESTS BY THE MANAGER MEMBER; REDEMPTION, REMOVAL AND WITHDRAWAL | | H-40 |
Section 6.1. | | Transferability of Interest | | H-40 |
Section 6.2. | | Resignation, Redemption, and Withdrawal | | H-40 |
| | |
ARTICLE VII | | DISSOLUTION AND TERMINATION | | H-41 |
Section 7.1. | | No Dissolution | | H-41 |
Section 7.2. | | Events of Dissolution | | H-41 |
Section 7.3. | | Notice of Dissolution | | H-41 |
Section 7.4. | | Liquidation | | H-41 |
Section 7.5. | | Termination | | H-41 |
Section 7.6. | | Claims of the Members | | H-41 |
| | |
ARTICLE VIII | | RECORDS AND REPORTS | | H-42 |
Section 8.1. | | Books and Records | | H-42 |
Section 8.2. | | Accounting | | H-42 |
Section 8.3. | | Financial and Compliance Reports | | H-42 |
Section 8.4. | | Meetings | | H-43 |
Section 8.5. | | Tax Matters | | H-43 |
| | |
ARTICLE IX | | LIABILITY, EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION | | H-44 |
Section 9.1. | | Liability | | H-44 |
Section 9.2. | | Exculpation | | H-44 |
Section 9.3. | | Fiduciary Duty | | H-44 |
Section 9.4. | | Indemnification | | H-45 |
Section 9.5. | | Notice; Opportunity to Defend and Expenses | | H-45 |
Section 9.6. | | Miscellaneous | | H-46 |
| | |
ARTICLE X | | MISCELLANEOUS | | H-46 |
Section 10.1. | | Notices | | H-46 |
Section 10.2. | | Successors and Assigns | | H-46 |
Section 10.3. | | Amendments | | H-46 |
Section 10.4. | | No Partition | | H-47 |
Section 10.5. | | No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies | | H-47 |
Section 10.6. | | Dispute Resolution | | H-47 |
Section 10.7. | | Prior Agreements Superseded | | H-47 |
Section 10.8. | | Captions | | H-47 |
Section 10.9. | | Counterparts | | H-47 |
Section 10.10. | | Applicable Law; Jurisdiction | | H-47 |
Section 10.11. | | Interpretation | | H-48 |
Section 10.12. | | Severability | | H-48 |
Section 10.13. | | Creditors | | H-48 |
Section 10.14. | | References to This Agreement | | H-48 |
Section 10.15. | | Exhibits, Schedules and Annexes | | H-48 |
Section 10.16. | | Additional Documents and Acts | | H-48 |
| | | | |
EXHIBITS | | | | |
Exhibit A | | — | | Form of Promissory Note for Repurchases |
| | |
SCHEDULES | | | | |
Schedule A | | — | | LLC Units and Capital Contributions |
Schedule B | | — | | Retirement |
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ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC
AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (the “Agreement”) of Aston Asset Management LLC (the “LLC”) is made and entered into as of April 20, 2006 (the “Effective Time”), by and among the Persons identified as the Manager Member and the Non-Manager Members onSchedule A attached hereto as members of the LLC, and the Persons who become members of the LLC in accordance with the provisions hereof.
WHEREAS, a limited liability company has been formed pursuant to the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6Del. C § 18-101,et seq., as it may be amended from time to time and any successor to such Act (the “Act”), by filing a Certificate of Formation of the LLC with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 19, 2006, and entering into a Limited Liability Company Agreement of the LLC, dated as of April 19, 2006;
WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to amend and restate the Limited Liability Company Agreement of the LLC as of the date hereof in its entirety as herein set forth, such amendment and restatement to become effective as of, and subject to, the Effective Time;
NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, and in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1. Definitions. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms defined in this Article I shall, for the purposes of this Agreement, have the meanings herein specified.
“1940 Act” shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940, as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor to such act.
“Act” shall have the meaning specified in the recitals hereto.
“Additional Non-Manager Members” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5.5 hereof.
“Advisers Act” shall mean the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor to such act.
“Affiliate” shall mean, with respect to any person or entity (herein the “first party”), any other person or entity that directly or indirectly controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first party. The term “control” as used herein (including the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to (a) vote twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of such person or entity, or (b) otherwise direct the management or policies of such person or entity by contract or otherwise (other than solely as a director of a corporation (or similar entity) that has five (5) or more directors). For purposes of this Agreement, the LLC is not an Affiliate of any Member.
“Agreement” shall have the meaning specified in the preamble hereto.
“Applicable Aggregate Non-Manager Member Allocation Percentage” shall mean, as of the date of any transaction described in Section 4.2(e) hereof, the quotient (expressed as a percentage) obtained by dividing
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(i) the aggregate number of LLC Units held by the Non-Manager Members as of the date of such transaction by (ii) the number of LLC Units outstanding as of the date of such transaction.
“Applicable Cash Flow” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(c)(i)(B) hereof.
“Applicable Fraction” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(c)(i)(C) hereof.
“Applicable Manager Member Allocation Percentage” shall mean, as of the date of any transaction described in Section 4.2(e) hereof, the quotient (expressed as a percentage) obtained by dividing (i) the aggregate number of LLC Units held by the Manager Member and its Affiliates as of the date of such transaction by (ii) the number of LLC Units outstanding as of the date of such transaction.
“Asserted Liability” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.5(a) hereof.
“Base Owners’ Allocation” shall mean, for any period, the Owners’ Allocation for that period minus the Performance Owners’ Allocation (if any) for that period (determined on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied).
“Capital Account” shall mean the capital account maintained by the LLC with respect to each Member in accordance with the capital accounting rules described in Section 4.2 hereof.
“Capital Contribution” shall mean, as to each Member, the amount of money and/or the agreed fair market value of any property (net of any liabilities encumbering such property that the LLC is considered to assume or take subject to) contributed to the capital of the LLC by such Member.
“Carrying Value” shall mean, with respect to any LLC asset, the asset’s adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except that the Carrying Values of all LLC assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective Fair Market Values in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, immediately prior to: (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional LLC Interest by any new or existing Member in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of LLC property (other than a pro rata distribution) to a Member; or (c) the date of the termination of the LLC under Section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code, provided that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above shall be made only if the Manager Member reasonably determines that such adjustments are necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Members. The Carrying Value of any LLC asset distributed to any Member shall be adjusted immediately prior to such distribution to equal its Fair Market Value.
“Certificate” shall mean the Certificate of Formation of the LLC filed under the Act, as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Claims Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.5(a) hereof.
“Client” shall mean all Past Clients, Present Clients and Potential Clients, subject to the following general rules: (i) with respect to each Client, the term shall also include any Persons which are known to the Employee Stockholder to be Affiliates of such Client, directors, officers or employees of such Client or any such Affiliates thereof, or Persons who are known to the Employee Stockholder to be members of the Immediate Family of any of the foregoing Persons or Affiliates of any of them and (ii) with respect to any Client that is a Fund, the term shall also include any investor or participant in such Fund and any Person that has participated in the distribution or sale of such Fund.
“Code” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as from time to time amended, and any successor thereto, together with all regulations promulgated thereunder.
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“Committee Vote” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.2(b)(iv) hereof.
“Contingent Consideration” shall mean, with respect to the Manager Member’s (or its assignee’s) purchase of LLC Units pursuant to Section 3.10, an obligation on the part of the Manager Member (or its successor or assigns) to pay to the Selling Member (or its successors or assigns), on the Liquidation Date, an amount equal to the lesser of:
(i) the portion of the Purchase Price designated as Contingent Consideration in Section 3.10(f)(i)(D) or Section 3.10(f)(ii), as applicable; or
(ii) the amount calculated in clause (i) of this definition, multiplied by a fraction (A) the numerator of which is the Applicable Cash Flow measured for the twenty-four (24) months (in the case of Base Owners’ Allocation), or the forty-eight (48) months (in the case of Earned Performance Owners’ Allocation), ending on the last day of the most recently completed calendar quarter prior to the Liquidation Date, and (B) the denominator of which is the Applicable Cash Flow measured for the twenty-four (24) months (in the case of Base Owners’ Allocation), or the forty-eight (48) months (in the case of Earned Performance Owners’ Allocation), ending on the last day of the calendar quarter in which the termination of the Selling Member’s (or its related Employee Stockholder’s, as applicable) employment with the LLC occurred.
Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary (including, without limitation, the provision of Section 3.10(f) hereof), the Manager Member may (without the need for any vote or consent of any Member or Members) assign and delegate its obligation to pay the Contingent Consideration (including, by way of example and not of limitation, to a transferee of LLC Interests pursuant to Section 6.1(a)).
In the event that a change is made in the definition of Applicable Cash Flow following the date on which a Contingent Consideration obligation initially is outstanding, an appropriate adjustment will be made to that Contingent Consideration obligation to give effect to that change in definition. Such a change will be made by the Manager Member in its sole discretion, and such change will be binding on all parties absent a mathematical error. The Manager Member will notify all persons who owe or are owed Contingent Consideration of any such change.
“Controlled Affiliate” shall mean, with respect to a Person, any Affiliate of such Person under its “control,” as the term “control” is defined in the definition of Affiliate.
“Convert” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5.9 hereof, and “Conversion” shall have the corresponding meaning.
“Covered Person” shall mean a Member, any Affiliate of a Member, any officer, director, shareholder, partner, employee or member of a Member or any of its Affiliates, or any Officer.
“Earned Performance Owners’ Allocation” shall mean, with respect to a calendar quarter in which any fees or other payments falling within the definition of Performance Owners’ Allocation have been definitively allocated to or earned by the LLC and are no longer subject to any offset, reduction or return, an amount equal to such definitively allocated or earned Performance Owners’ Allocation.
“Effective Time” shall have the meaning specified in the preamble hereto.
“Eligible Person” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.2(b)(i) hereof.
“Employee Stockholder” shall mean (a) in the case of any Non-Manager Member which is a natural person, such Non-Manager Member, and (b) in the case of any Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person, that certain employee of the LLC (or one of its Controlled Affiliates) who is the owner of the issued and outstanding capital stock of, or other equity interests in, such Non-Manager Member and is listed as such onSchedule A hereto (including any such employee after such employee has transferred any of his or her interest in such Non-Manager Member to a Permitted Transferee).
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“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and any successor to such Act.
“Fair Market Value” shall mean the fair market value as reasonably determined by the Manager Member or, for purposes of Section 4.4 hereof, if there shall be no Manager Member, the Liquidating Trustee.
“For Cause” shall mean, with respect to the termination of an Employee Stockholder’s employment with the LLC (or any of its Controlled Affiliates), or his removal from the Management Committee or from his position as an Officer, any of the following:
(a) The Employee Stockholder has been convicted of or indicted for (i) any criminal offense which is classified as a felony in the United States, or (ii) any other criminal offense which involves a violation of federal or state securities laws or regulations (or equivalent laws or regulations of any country or political subdivision thereof in which the criminal offense occurs), embezzlement, fraud, wrongful taking or misappropriation of property, theft, or any other crime involving dishonesty;
(b) The Employee Stockholder has persistently and willfully failed to perform his or her duties, or has failed to devote substantially all of his or her working time to the performance of such duties, and in either such case such failure has not been cured by the Employee Stockholder within thirty (30) days following written notice; or
(c) The Employee Stockholder has (i) engaged in a Prohibited Competition Activity, (ii) violated or breached any material provision of this Agreement, or (iii) engaged in any of the activities prohibited by Section 3.8 hereof;provided, however, that, in any such case described in clauses (i)-(iii) of this paragraph (c), in the event such action by such Employee Stockholder has not resulted (and is not reasonably likely to result) in harm that is material to the Manager Member, the LLC or any of their respective Controlled Affiliates or any of the Funds, such Employee Stockholder shall be provided with an opportunity to cure such action promptly (and in any event within thirty (30) days) following written notice thereof (provided that such an opportunity to cure shall be available to a particular Employee Stockholder solely with respect to the first three such actions by such Employee Stockholder with respect to which such a written notice is provided, andprovided, further, that such an opportunity to cure shall in no event be provided to an Employee Stockholder if his or her violation, breach or other applicable action was willful or reckless).
“Fund” shall mean any Mutual Fund or other commingled fund for which the LLC provides Investment Services.
“GAAP” shall mean U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
“Governmental Authority” shall mean any foreign, federal, state or local court, governmental authority or regulatory body.
“Immediate Family” shall mean, with respect to any natural person, (a) such person’s spouse, parents, grandparents, children, grandchildren and siblings, (b) such person’s former spouse(s) and current spouses of such person’s children, grandchildren and siblings and (c) estates, trusts, partnerships and other entities of which substantially all of the interests are held directly or indirectly by the foregoing.
“Indebtedness” shall mean, with respect to a Person, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than current trade liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business and payable in accordance with customary practices), (b) any other indebtedness of such Person which is evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument, (c) all obligations of such Person under any financing leases, (d) all obligations of such person in respect of acceptances issued or created for the account of such Person, (e) all obligations of such Person under non-competition agreements reflected as liabilities on a balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP, (f) all liabilities secured by any Lien on
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any property owned by such Persons even though such Person has not assumed or otherwise become liable for the payment thereof, and (g) all net obligations of such Person under interest rate, commodity, foreign currency and financial markets swaps, options, futures and other hedging obligations.
“Independent Public Accountants” shall mean any independent certified public accountant retained by the LLC and satisfactory to the Manager Member.
“Initial LLC Units” means, with respect to a Non-Manager Member and its Permitted Transferees, those Series B LLC Units held by such Non-Manager Member in the LLC at the Effective Time, provided that LLC Units shall cease to be Initial LLC Units from and after the date on which they are acquired by the Manager Member (or its assignee).
“Initial Members” shall mean those Persons who are Members at the Effective Time.
“Intellectual Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.8(d) hereof.
“Investment Services” shall mean any services which involve (a) the management, administration, solicitation or distribution of an investment account, Mutual Fund or other commingled fund (or portions thereof or a group of investment accounts, Mutual Funds or other commingled funds) for compensation, (b) the giving of advice with respect to the investment and/or reinvestment of assets or funds (or any group of assets or funds) for compensation, or (c) otherwise acting as an “investment adviser” within the meaning of the Advisers Act.
“IRS” shall mean the Internal Revenue Service of the United States Department of the Treasury, and any successor Governmental Authority thereto.
“Lien” shall mean any mortgage, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, encumbrance, lien (statutory or other), charge or other security interest or any preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement and any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) or any other restrictions, liens or claims of any kind or nature whatsoever, excluding liens of lessors under operating leases that do not extend beyond the property leased. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following items shall not constitute Liens under this Agreement (i) Liens for taxes, assessments, governmental charges or claims that are being contested in good faith by appropriate legal proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted and for which an adequate reserve or other appropriate provision, if any, as shall be required in conformity with GAAP shall have been made; (ii) statutory Liens of landlords and carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, suppliers, materialmen, repairmen or other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and with respect to amounts not yet delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate legal proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted and for which an adequate reserve or other appropriate provision, if any, as shall be required in conformity with GAAP shall have been made; and (iii) statutory Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurances and other types of social security.
“Liquidating Trustee” shall have the meaning specified in Section 7.4 hereof.
“Liquidation Date” shall mean (a) the date upon which the final distribution is made to the Members under Section 4.4 hereof or (b) the date of the closing of a transaction under the last sentence of Section 6.1(a).
“Liquidation Preference” shall mean, as of any time of determination, an amount equal to the sum of (i) the aggregate positive Capital Account balances of those Members holding Series A LLC Units as of such time of determination (or an allocable portion thereof, in the case of any Member holding both Series A LLC Units and Series B LLC Units at such time of determination), plus (ii) ninety-five million eight hundred thousand dollars ($95,800,000.00), plus (iii) accretion at a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum (compounded annually), calculated
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from the Effective Time through such time of determination, on a principal amount equal to the aggregate positive Capital Account balances of the Members holding Series A LLC Units as of the Effective Time plus ninety-five million eight hundred thousand dollars ($95,800,000.00).
“LLC” shall have the meaning specified in the preamble hereto.
“LLC Interest” means a Member’s limited liability company interest in the LLC, which includes such Member’s LLC Units as well as such Member’s Capital Account and other rights under this Agreement and the Act.
“LLC Units” shall mean, collectively, the Series A LLC Units and the Series B LLC Units authorized by the LLC pursuant hereto, entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the LLC at any particular time as are set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Member as provided in this Agreement (including, without limitation, certain voting rights as set forth herein). With respect to a particular Member as of any date, “LLC Units” shall mean the aggregate number of Series A LLC Units and Series B LLC Units belonging to such Member as set forth onSchedule A hereto, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, and as in effect on such date.
“Losses” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.4 hereof.
“Majority Vote” shall mean the affirmative approval, by vote or written consent, of Non-Manager Members holding a majority of the outstanding LLC Units then held by all Non-Manager Members.
“Management Committee” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.2(a) hereof.
“Manager Member” shall mean Highbury Financial Inc., and any Person who becomes a successor Manager Member as provided herein.
“Members” shall mean any Person admitted to the LLC as a “member” within the meaning of the Act, which includes the Manager Member and the Non-Manager Members, and includes any Person admitted as an Additional Non-Manager Member or a substitute Non-Manager Member pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, in such Person’s capacity as a member of the LLC (unless otherwise indicated). For purposes of the Act, the Members shall constitute one (1) class or group of members.
“Mutual Fund” shall mean a registered investment company (or series of registered investment companies).
“Non-Manager Member” shall mean any Person admitted to the LLC as a Member pursuant to the terms hereof, other than the Manager Member.
“Nonrecourse Deductions” shall have the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions for a partnership taxable year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain during that partnership taxable year, reduced (but not below zero) by the aggregate distributions made during the year of proceeds of a nonrecourse liability that are allocable to an increase in partnership minimum gain, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
“Notices” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10.1 hereof.
“Officers” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.3 hereof
“Operating Allocation” shall mean, for any period, an amount equal to the sum of (i) the difference between Revenues From Operations for such period and the Owners’ Allocation for such period plus (ii) any amounts expressly required to be added directly to the Operating Allocation for such period by the provisions of this Agreement.
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“Owners’ Allocation” shall mean, for any period, the sum of the Owners’ Allocation Percentage multiplied by the Revenues From Operations for such period.
“Owners’ Allocation Account” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.3(b) hereof.
“Owners’ Allocation Expenditure” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.5(b) hereof.
“Owners’ Allocation Percentage” shall mean twenty-eight percent (28%).
“Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain” shall mean an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
“Partner Nonrecourse Deductions” shall have the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(0(2).
“Partnership Minimum Gain” shall have the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
“Past Client” shall mean at any particular time, any Person who at any point prior to such time had been engaged to distribute or sell any Fund, an advisee or investment advisory customer of, or otherwise a recipient of Investment Services from, the LLC, a Controlled Affiliate of the LLC, a Predecessor Business or any such predecessor, or any shareholder, partner, member, director or officer of any such Person (in each case whether directly or through one or more intermediaries, e.g., a wrap sponsor, or through investment in a Fund), but at such time is not an advisee or investment advisory customer or client of, or recipient of Investment Services from, the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (directly or indirectly).
“Performance Owners’ Allocation” shall mean the product of (i) the sum of (a) all “carried interests” and other items of gain allocated (directly or indirectly) to the LLC and any Controlled Affiliates thereof (other than allocations which are made pro rata based on contributed capital to all partners, members, beneficiaries or other holders of similar economic interests in the Client) and (b) all “performance fee” and other payments based, in whole or in part, on the investment performance of a Client or a Client’s account, multiplied by (ii) Owners’ Allocation Percentage.
“Permanent Incapacity” shall mean, with respect to an Employee Stockholder, that such Employee Stockholder has been permanently and totally unable, by reason of injury, illness or other similar cause (as reasonably determined by the Manager Member) to have performed his or her substantial and material duties and responsibilities for a period of three hundred sixty-five (365) consecutive days, which injury, illness or similar cause (as reasonably determined by the Manager Member) would render such Employee Stockholder incapable of operating in a similar capacity and manner in the future.
“Permitted Transferee” shall mean, with respect to any Non-Manager Member, its transferees pursuant to the provisions of Sections 5.1(b) and 5.1(c) hereof and, to the extent set forth in any consent of the Manager Member pursuant to Section 5.1(a), its transferees pursuant to Section 5.1(a) hereof.
“Person” means any individual, partnership (limited or general), corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, association, trust, joint venture, unincorporated organization or other entity.
“Potential Client” shall mean, at any particular time, any Person or any shareholder, partner, member, director, officer employee, agent or consultant (or persons acting in any similar capacity) of any such Person to whom the LLC, a Controlled Affiliate of the LLC or the Predecessor Business has, within two (2) years prior to
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such time, offered (whether by means of a personal meeting, telephone call, letter, written proposal or otherwise) to serve as investment adviser or otherwise provide Investment Services or solicited to invest in, or participated in the distribution or sale of, any Fund, but who is not at such time an advisee or investment advisory customer of, or otherwise a recipient of Investment Services from, the LLC, any of its Controlled Affiliates (directly or indirectly) or any investor in, or participant in the distribution or sale of, any Fund. The preceding sentence is meant to exclude (i) advertising, if any, through mass media in which the offer, if any, is available to the general public, such as magazines, newspapers and sponsorships of public events and (ii) “cold calls” and mass-mailing form letters, in each case to the extent not directed towards any particular Person and not resulting in an indication of interest or a request for further information.
“Predecessor Business” shall mean the business of the parties to the Purchase Agreement immediately prior to the Closing (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement).
“Present Client” shall mean, at any particular time, any Person who is at such time an advisee or investment advisory customer of, or otherwise a recipient of Investment Services from, the LLC, any of its Controlled Affiliates (directly or indirectly) or any investor in, or participant in the distribution or sale of, any Fund.
“Prohibited Competition Activity” shall mean any of the following activities:
(a) directly or indirectly, whether as owner, part owner, member, director, officer, trustee, employee, agent or consultant for or on behalf of any Person other than the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC: (i) diverting or taking away any funds or investors from any Fund; (ii) soliciting or otherwise inducing or attempting to cause any Person to divert or take away any assets or funds invested in such Funds; or (iii) soliciting or otherwise inducing or attempting to cause any subadviser, distributor or seller of the Funds to terminate or reduce its services on behalf of the Funds; and
(b) directly or indirectly, whether as owner, part owner, partner, member, director, officer, trustee, employee, agent or consultant for or on behalf of any Person other than the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC, performing any Investment Services.
“Purchase” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(a).
“Purchase Agreement” shall mean that certain Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, by and among ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., Montag & Caldwell, Inc., Tamro Capital Partners LLC, Veredus Asset Management LLC, River Road Asset Management LLC and the LLC.
“Purchase Closing Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(b).
“Purchase Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(a).
“Purchase Price” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(c).
“Purchased Interest” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(a).
“Receipts Account” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.3(b) hereof.
“Regulatory Allocations” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.5(f) hereof.
“Removal For Acting Contrary to the Best Interests of the LLC” shall mean, with respect to a Non-Manager Member, a determination by (i) the Management Committee (excluding for all purposes the Non-Manager Member whose removal is being considered (or its related Employee Stockholder, as applicable)), with the prior written consent of the Manager Member, or (ii) the Manager Member, in either such case to remove such
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Non-Manager Member as a member of the LLC following a termination of the employment of such Non-Manager Member (or the Employee Stockholder which is related to such Non-Manager Member, as applicable) For Cause or after a written determination of Unsatisfactory Performance hereunder.
“Removal Upon the Instruction of the Management Committee” shall mean, with respect to a Non-Manager Member, a determination by the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and one member of the Management Committee (excluding for all purposes the Non-Manager Member whose removal is being considered (or its related Employee Stockholder, as applicable)), with the prior written consent of the Manager Member, to remove such Non-Manager Member as a member of the LLC (following a termination of the employment of such Non-Manager Member (or the Employee Stockholder which is related to such Non-Manager Member, as applicable) with the LLC) for any reason other than those described in the definition of Removal For Acting Contrary to the Best Interests of the LLC (and, for the avoidance of doubt, any Purchase under Section 3.10 hereof following a termination at the election of the LLC of the employment of a Non-Manager Member (or its related Employee Stockholder) for any reason other than those described in the definition of Removal for Acting Contrary to the Best Interests of the LLC shall be deemed a Removal Upon the Instruction of the Management Committee).
“Retirement” shall mean, with respect to an Employee Stockholder, the termination by such Employee Stockholder of such Employee Stockholder’s employment with the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates: (a) after the date such Employee Stockholder shall have been continuously employed by the LLC for a period of time specified as to such Employee Stockholder on Schedule B hereto commencing with the later of the Effective Time or the date such Employee Stockholder commenced his or her employment with the LLC and (b) pursuant to a written notice given to the LLC and the Manager Member not less than one (1) year prior to the date of such termination.
“Revenues From Operations” shall mean, for any period, the consolidated gross revenues of the LLC and any Controlled Affiliates thereof, determined on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied (but including other income such as interest, dividend income and gains on the sale of assets);provided,however, that Revenues From Operations shall not include (a) proceeds during such period from the sale, exchange or other disposition of all, or substantially all, of the assets of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates (and any such proceeds shall be allocated in accordance with Sections 4.2(e) and 4.2(f) hereof), (b) revenues from the issuance by the LLC of additional LLC Units, other LLC Interests, or other securities issued by the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (and any such proceeds shall be utilized in accordance with Section 4.5(g) hereof), and (c) payments received from third parties to the extent constituting direct reimbursements of expenses previously paid from the Operating Allocation (and any such payments shall be added back to the Operating Allocation for the period in which such expenses were originally paid from the Operating Allocation).
“SEC” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission, and any successor Governmental Authority thereto.
“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor thereto.
“Selling Member” shall have the meaning specified in Section 3.10(a).
“Series A LLC Units” shall mean, as of any date, with respect to a Member, the number of Series A LLC Units of such Member as set forth onSchedule A hereto, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, and as in effect on such date. Series A LLC Units shall have the rights and preferences set forth in this Agreement, but except where otherwise specified shall be treated as one class of LLC Units with the Series B LLC Units.
“Series B LLC Units” shall mean, as of any date, with respect to a Member, the number of Series B LLC Units of such Member as set forth onSchedule A hereto, as amended from time to time in accordance with the
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terms hereof, and as in effect on such date. Series B LLC Units shall have the rights and preferences set forth in this Agreement, but except where otherwise specified shall be treated as one class of LLC Units with the Series A LLC Units.
“Transfer” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5.1 hereof, and “Transferred” shall have the correlative meaning.
“Unsatisfactory Performance” shall mean a written determination by the Management Committee, with the written consent of the Manager Member, that an Employee Stockholder has failed to meet minimum requirements of satisfactory performance of his or her job, after such Employee Stockholder has received written notice (with a copy to the Manager Member) that the Management Committee was considering such a determination and the Employee Stockholder has had a reasonable opportunity to respond in writing or in person (at such Employee Stockholder’s request) after his or her receipt of such notice.
In addition to the foregoing, other capitalized terms used in this Agreement shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the text of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 2.1. Continuation.
(a) The Members hereby agree to continue the LLC as a limited liability company under and pursuant to the provisions of the Act, and agree that the rights, duties and liabilities of the Members shall be as provided in the Act, except as otherwise provided herein.
(b) Upon the execution of this Agreement or a counterpart of this Agreement, the Initial Members shall continue as members of the LLC.
(c) The name, LLC Units and Capital Contribution of each Member (including the agreed value of such Capital Contribution) shall be listed onSchedule A attached hereto and the Manager Member shall initially hold 65% of the LLC Interests and the Non-Manager Members shall initially hold an aggregate of 35% of the LLC Interests. The Manager Member shall updateSchedule A from time to time as it deems necessary, to accurately reflect the information to be contained therein. Any amendment or revision toSchedule A shall not be deemed an amendment to this Agreement. Any reference in this Agreement toSchedule A shall be deemed to be a reference toSchedule A as amended and in effect from time to time.
(d) The Manager Member, as an authorized person within the meaning of the Act, shall execute, deliver and file any certificates required or permitted by the Act to be filed in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
Section 2.2.Name. The name of the LLC heretofore formed and continued hereby is Aston Asset Management LLC. At any time the Management Committee, with the written consent of the Manager Member, may change the name of the LLC. The business of the LLC (and of any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC) may be conducted (upon compliance with all applicable laws) under any other name designated by the Management Committee with the prior written consent of the Manager Member (and the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates shall in no event conduct business under other names without such agreement of the Management Committee and the Manager Member, subject to Section 2.6).
Section 2.3.Term. The term of the LLC commenced on the date the Certificate was filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and shall continue until the LLC is dissolved in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
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Section 2.4.Registered Agent and Registered Office. The LLC’s registered agent and registered office in Delaware shall be Corporation Service Company, 1013 Center Road, Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19085. At any time, the Manager Member may designate another registered agent and/or registered office.
Section 2.5.Principal Place of Business. The principal place of business of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates of the LLC) shall be at 180 North LaSalle Street, Suite 3014 Chicago, IL 60601. At any time the Management Committee (with the prior written consent of the Manager Member) may change the location of the LLC’s (or any Controlled Affiliate’s) principal place of business (and the LLC’s and its Controlled Affiliates’ principal place of business shall in no event be changed without such agreement of the Management Committee and the Manager Member).
Section 2.6.Qualification in Other Jurisdictions. The Manager Member shall cause the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) to be qualified or registered (under assumed or fictitious names if necessary) in any jurisdiction in which they transact business or in which such qualification or registration otherwise is required.
Section 2.7.Purposes and Powers. The principal business activity and purposes of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall be to engage in the investment advisory and investment management business and any businesses related thereto or useful in connection therewith, including, without limitation, the provision of Investment Services. However, the business and purposes of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall not be limited to such initial principal business activities if the Management Committee and the Manager Member otherwise agree in writing, and in such event, the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall have authority to engage in any other lawful business, purpose or activity permitted by the Act. The LLC shall possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted by the Act, together with any powers incidental thereto, including such powers or privileges that are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the business purposes or activities of the LLC, including without limitation the following powers:
(a) to conduct its business and operations and to have and exercise the powers granted to a limited liability company by the Act in any state, territory or possession of the United States or in any foreign country or jurisdiction;
(b) to purchase, receive, take, lease or otherwise acquire, own, hold, improve, maintain, use or otherwise deal in and with, sell, convey, lease, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, mortgage, pledge, encumber or create a security interest in all or any of its real or personal property, or any interest therein, wherever situated;
(c) to borrow or lend money or obtain or extend credit and other financial accommodations, to invest and reinvest its funds in any type of security or obligation of or interest in any public, private or governmental entity, and to give and receive interests in real and personal property as security for the payment of funds so borrowed, loaned or invested;
(d) to make contracts, including contracts of insurance, incur liabilities and give guaranties, including without limitation, guaranties of obligations of other Persons who are interested in the LLC or in whom the LLC has an interest;
(e) to employ Officers, employees, agents and other persons, to fix the compensation and define the duties and obligations of such personnel, to establish and carry out retirement, incentive and benefit plans for such personnel, and to indemnify such personnel to the extent permitted by this Agreement and the Act;
(f) to make donations irrespective of benefit to the LLC for the public welfare or for community, charitable, religious, educational, scientific, civic or similar purposes;
(g) to institute, prosecute and defend any legal action or arbitration proceeding involving the LLC, and to pay, adjust, compromise, settle or refer to arbitration any claim by or against the LLC or any of its assets;
(h) to indemnify any Person in accordance with the Act and to obtain any and all types of insurance;
(i) to negotiate, enter into, renegotiate, extend, renew, terminate, modify, amend, waive, execute, acknowledge or take any other action with respect to any lease, contract or security agreement in respect of any assets of the LLC;
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(j) to form, sponsor, organize or enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships, limited liability companies, trusts and any other combinations or associations formed for investment purposes;
(k) to make, execute, acknowledge and file any and all documents or instruments necessary, convenient or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the LLC; and
(l) to cease its activities and cancel its Certificate.
Section 2.8.Title to Property. All property owned by the LLC, real or personal, tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the LLC as an entity, and no Member, individually, shall have any ownership of such property.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT OF THE LLC
Section 3.1. Management in General. Subject to the other terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the delegations of power and authority set forth herein, the management and control of the business of the LLC shall be vested exclusively in the Manager Member, and the Manager Member shall have exclusive power and authority, in the name of and on behalf of the LLC, to perform all acts and do all things which, in its sole discretion, it deems necessary or desirable to conduct the business of the LLC, with or without the vote or consent of the other Members in their capacity as such;provided,however, that the Manager Member shall not have any powers or privileges with respect to those matters delegated exclusively to the Management Committee pursuant to Section 3.2 hereof. Members, in their capacity as such, shall have no right to amend or terminate this Agreement or to appoint, select, vote for or remove the Manager Member, the Officers or their agents or to exercise voting rights or call a meeting of the Members, except as specifically provided in this Agreement. No Member other than the Manager Member shall have the power to sign for or bind the LLC in its capacity as a Member, but the Manager Member may delegate the power to sign for or bind the LLC to one or more Officers (including without limitation through delegation to the Management Committee).
(a) The Manager Member shall, subject to all applicable provisions of this Agreement and the Act, be authorized in the name of and on behalf of the LLC: (i) to enter into, execute, amend, supplement, acknowledge and deliver any and all contracts, agreements, leases or other instruments for the operation of the LLC’s business; and (ii) in general to do all things and execute all documents necessary or appropriate to conduct the business of the LLC as set forth in Section 2.7 hereof, or to protect and preserve the LLC’s assets. The Manager Member may delegate any or all of the foregoing powers to one or more of the Officers (including without limitation through delegation to the Management Committee).
(b) The Manager Member is required to be a Member, and shall hold office until its resignation in accordance with the provisions hereof. The Manager Member is the “manager” (within the meaning of the Act) of the LLC. The Manager Member shall devote such time to the business and affairs of the LLC as it deems necessary, in its sole discretion, for the performance of its duties, but in any event, shall not be required to devote full time to the performance of such duties and may delegate its duties and responsibilities as provided in Section 3.3.
(c) Any action taken by the Manager Member, and the signature of the Manager Member (or an authorized representative thereof) on any agreement, contract, instrument or other document on behalf of the LLC, shall be sufficient to bind the LLC and shall conclusively evidence the authority of the Manager Member and the LLC with respect thereto.
(d) Any Person dealing with the LLC, the Manager Member or any Member may rely upon a certificate signed by the Manager Member as to (i) the identity of the Manager Member or any other Member; (ii) any factual matters relevant to the affairs of the LLC; (iii) the Persons who are authorized to execute and deliver any document on behalf of the LLC; or (iv) any action taken or omitted by the LLC or the Manager Member.
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Section 3.2. Management Committee of the LLC.
(a) The LLC shall have a Management Committee (the “Management Committee”). The Manager Member hereby delegates to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law the power and authority under Section 3.5(a) of this Agreement to the Management Committee to conduct the day-to-day operations, business and activities of the LLC. Each Non-Manager Member hereby grants to the Management Committee (acting by a Committee Vote) a revocable proxy to vote the LLC Units held by such Member in connection with any election pursuant to Section 3.2(b)(ii) hereof to fill a vacancy in the Management Committee, and such proxy may only be revoked by written notice from a Member to the Management Committee and the Manager Member, which written notice must expressly reference this Section of this Agreement.
(b) The Management Committee shall be comprised as follows:
(i) The Management Committee shall initially have three (3) members and consist of Stuart Bilton, Kenneth Anderson, and Gerald Dillenburg. The number of members of the Management Committee may be increased or decreased by the Management Committee at any time with the written consent of the Manager Member (but not decreased to a number less than two (2) members). No person who is not both an active employee of the LLC (or any of its Controlled Affiliates) and an Employee Stockholder (an “Eligible Person”) may be, become or remain a member of the Management Committee (subject to clause (v) below).
(ii) Any vacancy in the Management Committee, however occurring (including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the size of the Management Committee), may be filled by any Eligible Person reasonably acceptable to the Manager Member and elected by a majority vote of all Members holding LLC Units, with each LLC Unit (regardless of whether such LLC Unit is a Series A LLC Unit or a Series B LLC Unit) being counted equally in such vote. In lieu of any such vacancy being filled, the Management Committee may determine to reduce the size of the Management Committee in accordance with clause (i) above (but not to a number less than two (2) members); provided that if at any time there are fewer than three (3) members of the Management Committee, such vacancies must be filled and, if they remain unfilled for a period of greater than five days, shall be filled by any Eligible Person(s) reasonably acceptable to the Manager Member and elected by a majority vote of all Members holding LLC Units, with each LLC Unit (regardless of whether such LLC Unit is a Series A LLC Unit or a Series B LLC Unit) being counted equally in such vote.
(iii) Members of the Management Committee shall remain members of the Management Committee until their resignation, removal or death. Any member of the Management Committee may resign by delivering his or her written resignation to the Management Committee and the Manager Member. At any time that there are more than two (2) members of the Management Committee, any member of the Management Committee may be removed from such position: (A) with or without cause, by the Management Committee acting by a Committee Vote (with such Committee Vote being calculated for all purposes as if the member of the Management Committee whose removal is being considered were not a member of the Management Committee) with the written consent of the Manager Member, or (B) with or without cause, by the Non-Manager Members acting by a Majority Vote, with the written consent of the Manager Member, or (C) For Cause by the Manager Member, with notice to the Management Committee specifying the reasons for the decision. Any Employee Stockholder who is a member of the Management Committee shall be deemed to have resigned from the Management Committee and shall no longer be a member of the Management Committee immediately upon such Employee Stockholder ceasing to be an active employee of the LLC (or any of its Controlled Affiliates) or otherwise ceasing to be an Employee Stockholder, in each case for any reason.
(iv) At any meeting of the Management Committee, presence in person or by telephone (or other electronic means) of a majority of the members of the Management Committee shall constitute a quorum. At any meeting of the Management Committee at which a quorum is present, a majority of the total members of the Management Committee may take any action on behalf of the Management
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Committee (any such action taken by such members of the Management Committee is sometimes referred to herein as a “Committee Vote”). Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Management Committee may be taken without a meeting of the Management Committee only if (A) a written consent thereto is signed by all the members of the Management Committee and (B) the Manager Member has been given a copy of such written consent not less than forty-eight (48) hours prior to such action. Notice of the time, date and place of any meeting of the Management Committee shall be given to all members of the Management Committee and the Manager Member at least forty-eight (48) hours in advance of the meeting. A representative of the Manager Member shall be entitled to attend each meeting of the Management Committee. Notice need not be given to any member of the Management Committee or the Manager Member if a waiver of notice is given (orally or in writing) by such member of the Management Committee or the Manager Member (as applicable), before, at or after the meeting. Members of the Management Committee are not “managers” (within the meaning of the Act) of the LLC.
(v) The Manager Member hereby grants to the Management Committee (acting by a Committee Vote) a revocable proxy to vote the LLC Units held by the Manager Member in connection with any majority vote pursuant to Section 3.2(b)(ii) hereof to fill a vacancy in the Management Committee. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the Manager Member shall have full power and authority at any time in its sole discretion (and without the consent or approval of the Management Committee or the Non-Manager Members) to (A) increase the number of members of the Management Committee and to fill the vacancies created by any such increase with one or more other Employee Stockholders or with any other persons selected by the Manager Member and/or (B) to revoke the proxy granted by the Manager Member to the Management Committee in the immediately preceding sentence, provided that any such increase and/or proxy revocation may only be effected by written notice from the Manager Member to the Management Committee, which written notice must expressly reference this Section of this Agreement.
Section 3.3. Officers of the LLC. The Management Committee may designate employees of the LLC as officers of the LLC (the “Officers”) as it deems necessary or desirable to carry on the business of the LLC. The Management Committee may delegate any of its power or authority to an Officer or Officers subject to modification and withdrawal of such delegated power and authority by the Management Committee. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. New offices may be created and filled by the Management Committee. Each Officer shall hold office until his or her successor is designated by the Management Committee or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Any Officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Management Committee and the Manager Member. Any Officer designated by the Management Committee may be removed from his or her office (with or without a concurrent termination of employment) (i) with or without cause by the Management Committee (excluding for all purposes the Person whose removal is being considered) or (ii) For Cause by the Manager Member, in each case at any time. A vacancy in any office occurring because of death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the Management Committee. Any designation of Officers, a description of any duties delegated to such Officers, and any removal of such Officers by the Management Committee, shall be approved by the Management Committee in writing, which approval shall be delivered to the Manager Member. The Officers are not “managers” (within the meaning of the Act) of the LLC.
Section 3.4. Employees of the LLC.
(a) The decision to employ, and the terms of employment of any employee of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliates thereof) who is not an Employee Stockholder (including, without limitation, with respect to the hiring, all aspects of compensation, promoting, demoting and terminating of such employees), shall be determined by the Management Committee or such Person or Persons to whom the Management Committee may delegate such power and authority (subject, in all instances, to the power of the Management Committee to revoke such delegation in whole or in part (by a Committee Vote that excludes any Person to whom such power and authority has been delegated)), subject, in all cases, to compliance with
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all applicable laws, rules and regulations and with the provisions of Section 3.5 hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager Member may terminate the employment by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) of any employee who has engaged in any activity included in the definition of “For Cause” with notice to the Management Committee specifying the reasons for such decision.
(b) The granting or Transferring of LLC Interests in connection with any hiring or promotion of an employee shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Articles V and VI hereof.
(c) Any Person who is an Employee Stockholder may have his or her employment with the LLC terminated by the LLC only: (i) in the case of a termination For Cause, either by the Manager Member or by the Management Committee (excluding for all purposes the Person whose termination is being considered) with the prior written consent of the Manager Member, or (ii) in the case of any other termination by the LLC, by the Management Committee (excluding for all purposes the Person whose termination is being considered) with the prior written consent of the Manager Member.
Section 3.5. Operation of the Business of the LLC.
(a) Subject to the Manager Member’s rights, duties and obligations set forth in the Act and elsewhere in this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of this Section 3.5), the Management Committee is hereby delegated to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law the power and authority from the Manager Member to manage the day-to-day operations, business and activities of the LLC; including, without limitation, the power and authority, in the name of and on behalf of the LLC, to:
(i) determine the use of the Operating Allocation as set forth in Section 3.5(b) below;
(ii) execute such documents and do such acts as are necessary to register (or provide or qualify for exemptions from any such registrations) or qualify the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliates thereof) under applicable federal and state securities laws;
(iii) enter into contracts and other agreements with respect to the provision of Investment Services and execute other instruments, documents or reports on behalf of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) in connection therewith;
(iv) enter into contracts, agreements and commitments with respect to the operation of the business of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) as are consistent with the other provisions of this Agreement and the Act; and
(v) act for and on behalf of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) in all matters incidental to the foregoing and other day-to-day matters.
(b) The Operating Allocation for any period shall be used to provide for and pay the LLC’s (and any Controlled Affiliates’ thereof) business expenses and other costs (including without limitation (i) the payment of premiums during such period with respect to any insurance coverages maintained (except to the extent otherwise provided for in Section 3.5(d)), (ii) all capital expenditures and capital contributions made by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) during such period, except to the extent that Owners’ Allocation has been retained therefor as an Owners’ Allocation Expenditure, (iii) the satisfaction of any net worth, working capital or similar requirements imposed by applicable laws and regulations in connection with the businesses conducted and registrations held by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) or otherwise reasonably necessary in connection with the conduct of the businesses of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof), (iv) all payments to subadvisers, brokers and other vendors, and (v) compensation and benefits payable to employees (including the Officers and the Employee Stockholders), and at the discretion of the Management Committee, establishing reserves for such future payments), as determined by the Management Committee, and all such business expenses and other costs of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall be paid out of the Operating Allocation. Without the prior written consent of the Manager Member (which written consent makes specific reference to this Section 3.5(b)), the LLC shall not (nor shall any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC) incur (and the Employee Stockholders shall use their reasonable best efforts to prevent the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof)
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from incurring) any expenses or take any action to incur other obligations which expenses and obligations exceed the ability of the LLC to pay or provide for them out of the Operating Allocation on a current or previously reserved basis. Except to the extent otherwise required by applicable law, the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall only make payments of compensation (including bonuses) to employees (including the Officers and the Employee Stockholders) out of the balance of the Operating Allocation remaining after the payment (or reservation for payment) of all the other business expenses, requirements and other costs for the applicable period. Any excess Operating Allocation remaining for any fiscal year following the payment (or reservation for payment) of all business expenses and other costs (including any such amount established as a reserve in a prior period that is reasonably determined by the Management Committee to have been in excess of what was necessary for such reserve) may be used by the LLC in such fiscal year and/or in future fiscal years in accordance with this Section 3.5(b). The Owners’ Allocation shall in no event be used to provide for or pay the business expenses or other costs of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), except to the extent expressly permitted by Section 3.5(d) or as otherwise agreed to in writing by the Manager Member and the Management Committee (any such permitted use of the Owners’ Allocation being referred to herein as an “Owners’ Allocation Expenditure”).
(c) The LLC shall not (nor shall any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC) do or commit to do, and the Employee Stockholders and Non-Manager Members shall prevent the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) from doing or committing to do, any of the following without the prior written consent of the Manager Member (which written consent makes specific reference to this Section 3.5(c)):
(i) enter into, amend, modify or terminate any contract, agreement or understanding (written or oral) if such action or the resulting contract, agreement or understanding could reasonably be expected to conflict with the provisions of this Section 3.5;
(ii) enter into, amend, modify or terminate any contract, agreement or understanding (written or oral) if such action or the resulting contract, agreement or understanding (individually or in the aggregate) could have a material adverse impact on the availability of the Operating Allocation in future periods (including, without limitation, long-term leases or employment contracts);
(iii) enter into, amend, modify or terminate any contract, agreement or understanding (written or oral) if such action or the resulting contract, agreement or understanding has the effect of creating a Lien upon any of the assets of the LLC (other than Liens securing indebtedness of the LLC incurred to finance the acquisition of fixed or capital assets (whether pursuant to a deferred purchase agreement with a vendor, a loan, a financing lease or otherwise), provided that (A) such Liens shall be created substantially simultaneously with the acquisition of such fixed or capital assets, (B) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than property financed by such indebtedness, (C) the amount of indebtedness secured thereby is not thereafter increased (D) the principal amount of indebtedness secured by such Lien shall at no time exceed the purchase price of such property and (E) the purchase price for such property shall not exceed $100,000) or upon any portion of the Owners’ Allocation;
(iv) take any action (or omit to take any action) if such action (or omission) could reasonably be expected to result in the termination of the employment by the LLC of any Employee Stockholder (provided that the foregoing shall not impose any limitation on the ability of an Employee Stockholder to terminate his or her employment with the LLC in accordance with the provisions hereof, and shall not require the LLC to pay additional compensation to retain the services of any Employee Stockholder);
(v) create, incur, assume, or suffer to exist any Indebtedness;
(vi) establish or modify any material compensation arrangement (other than salary and cash bonuses in the ordinary course) or program (whether cash or non-cash benefits) applicable to any employee, in any such case which is subject to ERISA, which requires qualification under the Code, or which otherwise (A) requires the Manager Member (other than in its capacity as Manager Member) or any of its Affiliates to take any action which it would not take but for the establishment or modification of such compensation arrangement or program or (B) prevents the Manager Member or any of its
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Affiliates from taking any action which it would otherwise have been able to take but for the establishment or modification of such compensation arrangement or program (and the Management Committee shall give the Manager Member not less than thirty (30) days prior written notice before the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) establishes or modifies any material compensation arrangement (other than salary and cash bonuses in the ordinary course) or program);
(vii) enter into, amend, modify or terminate any contract, agreement or understanding (written or oral) (A) containing severance or termination payment arrangements, other than severance or termination payment arrangements with bona fide employees of the LLC or its Controlled Affiliates (other than any Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member or an Immediate Family member thereof) which do not exceed $250,000 individually to any one such employee or represent potential liabilities at any one time outstanding (taking into account such contract, agreement or understanding and all other such contracts, agreements and understandings of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates then in effect) in excess of $250,000 in the aggregate, (B) which could cause the Manager Member or any of its Affiliates to be liable for termination or severance payments or other contractual payments upon a termination of any employee’s employment with the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) or (C) which is with an Employee Stockholder, a Non-Manager Member, an Affiliate of an Employee Stockholder or a Non-Manager Member, or a partner, shareholder, member, manager, director, officer, employee or Immediate Family member of any of the foregoing;
(viii) (A) enter into any line of business other than the provision of Investment Services, (B) acquire, form or otherwise establish any subsidiary or Controlled Affiliate of the LLC or otherwise make any investment in, or otherwise conduct business through, any other Person, (C) acquire any material assets or other properties, other than capital expenditures made out of Operating Allocation in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and not involving the acquisition of any Person as a going concern, or (D) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any material assets or other properties, other than sales of worn-out or obsolete equipment made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(ix) (A) make any change in the Certificate (or the constituent documents of any Controlled Affiliate of the LLC), (B) authorize or issue any membership or other equity or ownership interests or other securities of any type of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), (C) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding membership or other equity or ownership interests or other securities of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), (D) make any dividend or other distribution in respect of its membership or other equity or ownership interests (other than as expressly required by other provisions of this Agreement), (E) settle or compromise any material litigation, arbitration, investigation, audit or other proceeding, (F) terminate its existence or voluntarily file for or otherwise commence proceedings with respect to bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership or similar status, (G) make or change any tax election, waive or extend the statute of limitations in respect of taxes, amend any tax return, enter into any closing agreement with respect to taxes, settle any tax claim or assessment or surrender any right to a claim for a tax refund, change any method or principle of accounting in a manner inconsistent with past practice or change regular independent accountants, or (H) make any loan or advance to any Person, other than advances of business expenses in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or
(x) (A) take any action which pursuant to any provision of this Agreement (other than Section 3.1) may be taken only by the Manager Member with or without the consent of the Non-Manager Members or the Employee Stockholders, or (B) take any action which requires the approval or consent of the Manager Member pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.
(d) The LLC (and each Controlled Affiliate thereof) shall maintain (and the Employee Stockholders and Non-Manager Members shall use their reasonable best efforts to cause the LLC (and each Controlled Affiliate thereof) to maintain), in full force and effect, such insurance as is customarily maintained by companies of similar size in the same or similar businesses (including, without limitation, errors and omissions liability insurance), the premiums on which will be paid out of the Operating Allocation (and the
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beneficiary of which shall be the LLC and/or its applicable Controlled Affiliates, as applicable). With the prior written consent of the Manager Member and the Management Committee, the LLC also may elect to maintain key-man and/or disability insurance policies with respect to any Employee Stockholder, in which event the premiums on such policies will be paid out of the Owners’ Allocation (and the beneficiary of any such policy shall be the LLC). In the event that the Manager Member or any of its Affiliates shall determine (at its own expense) to maintain separate key-man and/or disability insurance policies with respect to any Employee Stockholder (of which the Manager Member or any of its Affiliates may be the beneficiary), and in connection with any such policies maintained by the LLC for its own benefit, such Employee Stockholder shall cooperate with the Manager Member, its Affiliates and the LLC (as applicable) in connection with obtaining and maintaining such insurance policies (including without limitation by submitting to any required examinations and truthfully answering any questions asked by the insurer in connection with obtaining such policies).
(e) In addition to, and not in limitation of, the Manager Member’s powers and authority under this Agreement (including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 3.1(a) hereof), the Manager Member shall also have the power, in its sole discretion (after consultation with the Management Committee, to the extent practicable), whether or not they involve day-to-day operations, business and activities of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), to take any or all of the following actions:
(i) such actions as it deems necessary or appropriate to cause the LLC or any Affiliate of the LLC, or any officer, employee, member, partner, or agent thereof, to comply with applicable laws, rules or regulations;
(ii) such actions as it deems necessary or appropriate to coordinate any initiative which could materially affect the Manager Member and/or any of its Affiliates (but only on such terms and conditions as the participation of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliates thereof) in such initiative has been approved by the Management Committee);
(iii) such actions as it deems necessary or appropriate to cause the LLC to fulfill its obligations and exercise its rights under the Purchase Agreement and this Agreement; and
(iv) any other action necessary or appropriate to prevent actions that require the Manager Member’s consent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement if such consent has not then been given.
(f) Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, all accounting, financial reporting and bookkeeping procedures of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall be established in conjunction with policies and procedures determined under the supervision of the Manager Member. The Management Committee shall have a continuing obligation to keep the Manager Member’s chief financial officer informed of material financial developments with respect to the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof). Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, all legal, compliance and regulatory matters of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) shall be coordinated with the Manager Member and the LLC’s (and any of its Controlled Affiliates’) legal compliance activities shall be conducted and established in conjunction with policies and procedures determined under the supervision of the Manager Member.
(g) Each Employee Stockholder and Non-Manager Member covenants and agrees that such Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member, as the case may be, will at all times conduct its activities in connection with the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof), and any services provided to the LLC (or to any Controlled Affiliates thereof), in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, and that it will use its reasonable best efforts (i) to ensure that the business and activities of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) are conducted in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations in all material respects and (ii) to preserve the goodwill and franchise value of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof).
(h) Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the Manager Member shall have the power to establish and mandate that the LLC (and any of its Controlled Affiliates) participate
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in employee benefit plans which are subject to ERISA or require qualification under Section 401 of the Code to the extent necessary in order to make the expenses of any such plan(s) deductible or otherwise to comply with ERISA or the Code, and may establish or modify the terms of any such plan to the extent necessary in connection therewith, provided that any such action taken by the Manager Member shall treat the Affiliates of the Manager Member subject to such action in an equitable manner (i.e., a manner not materially more disadvantageous to one Affiliate than to other Affiliates of the Manager Member, as reasonably determined by the Manager Member) to the extent permissible under ERISA and the Code and consistent with achieving tax deductibility.
(i) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the Management Committee, each Employee Stockholder and each Non-Manager Member shall cooperate with the Manager Member and its Affiliates in implementing any initiative generally involving the LLC (and/or any Controlled Affiliates thereof) and a number of such Affiliates, but only on such terms and conditions as the participation of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) in such initiative has been approved by the Management Committee.
(j) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, any (i) voluntary liquidation of the LLC, (ii) sale, exchange or other disposition of all, or a substantial portion of, the assets of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates, or (iii) Transfer by the Manager Member of all its interests in the LLC in a single transaction or series of related transactions (subject to the same exceptions applicable to any such Transfer by the Manager Member under Section 6.1 hereof), shall require a majority vote of all Members holding LLC Units, with each LLC Unit (regardless of whether such LLC Unit is a Series A LLC Unit or a Series B LLC Unit) being counted equally in such vote.
Section 3.6. Compensation and Expenses of the Members. The Manager Member may receive compensation for services provided to the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) only to the extent approved by the Management Committee. The LLC shall, however, pay and/or reimburse the Manager Member for extraordinary expenses incurred by the Manager Member directly in connection with the operation of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof). It is expressly understood by the parties hereto that the Manager Member’s general overhead items and expenses (including, without limitation, salaries, rent and travel expenses) shall not be reimbursed by the LLC. Stockholders, officers, directors, Members and agents of Members may serve as employees of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) and be compensated therefor out of the Operating Allocation as determined by the Management Committee (or its delegate(s)) pursuant to Section 3.5(b). Except in respect of their provision of services as employees of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) for which they may be compensated out of the Operating Allocation as contemplated by the preceding sentence, Employee Stockholders, Non-Manager Members and members of their Immediate Family may not receive compensation on account of the provision of services to the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) without the prior written consent of the Management Committee and the Manager Member.
Section 3.7. Other Business of the Manager Member and Its Affiliates. The Manager Member and its Affiliates may engage, independently or with others, in other business ventures of every nature and description, including the acquisition, creation, financing, trading in, and operation and disposition of interests in, investment advisers or investment managers and other businesses that may be competitive with the LLC’s (or any of its Controlled Affiliates’) business. Neither the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) nor any of the Employee Stockholders or Non-Manager Members shall have any right in or to any other such ventures by virtue of this Agreement or the limited liability company created or continued hereby, nor shall any such activity by the Manager Member or its Affiliates in and of itself be deemed wrongful or improper or result in any liability of the Manager Member or its Affiliates. Neither the Manager Member nor any of its Affiliates shall be obligated to present any opportunity to the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) even if such opportunity is of such a character which, if presented to the LLC (or a Controlled Affiliate thereof), would be suitable for the LLC (or such a Controlled Affiliate thereof). The Manager Member shall not disclose any Intellectual Property owned or used in the course of business by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) to any Person, including, without limitation, any other of its Affiliates, and the Manager Member agrees always to keep secret and not ever to
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publish, divulge, furnish, use or make accessible to anyone any Intellectual Property that is not otherwise publicly available (other than as a result of a breach of the provisions of this Section 3.7), in each case other than in the regular business of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates, as required by court order or by law or in connection with the enforcement of this Agreement or the Purchase Agreement. Notwithstanding any provision of this Section 3.7 to the contrary, the Manager Member shall not (i) solicit or induce, or attempt to solicit or induce (whether directly or indirectly), any Person for the purpose (which need not be the sole purpose) of causing any funds invested in any Fund to be withdrawn from such Fund or (ii) solicit or induce, or attempt to solicit or induce (whether directly or indirectly), any employee of the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate thereof to terminate his or her relationship therewith.
Section 3.8. Restrictions on Competition, Non-Solicitation and Non-Disclosure by Non-Manager Members and Employee Stockholders.
(a) Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees, for the benefit of the LLC and the other Members, that such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder (as the case may be) shall not, while employed by the LLC or any of its Affiliates, and for two (2) years following termination of such employment (or if a Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder holds less than 2.0% of the outstanding LLC Interests at the time of termination of employment for one (1) year following termination) engage in any Prohibited Competition Activity.
(b) In addition to, and not in limitation of, the provisions of Section 3.8(a) hereto, each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees, for the benefit of the LLC and the other Members, that such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder (as the case may be) shall not, during the period beginning on the date such Non-Manager Member becomes a Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder becomes an Employee Stockholder (as applicable), and until the date which is two (2) years after the termination (or if a Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder holds less than 2.0% of the outstanding LLC Interests at the time of termination of employment until a date which is one (1) year after the termination) of such Non-Manager Member’s status as a Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder’s employment with the LLC and all of its Affiliates (as applicable), without the express written consent of the Manager Member and the Management Committee, directly or indirectly, whether as owner, part-owner, shareholder, partner, member, director, officer, trustee, employee, agent or consultant, or in any other capacity, on behalf of itself or any firm, corporation or other business organization other than the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates:
(i) provide Investment Services to any Person that is a Client (as defined herein, which includes Past Clients, Present Clients and Potential Clients);provided,however, that this clause (i) shall not be applicable to Clients of the LLC (including Potential Clients) who are also members of the Immediate Family of the Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member (as the case may be);
(ii) solicit or induce, whether directly or indirectly, any Person for the purpose (which need not be the sole or primary purpose) of (A) causing any funds invested in any Fund to-be withdrawn from such Fund, or (B) causing any Client (including any Potential Client) not to invest any additional funds in any Fund (or otherwise attempt to cause any of the foregoing to occur);
(iii) contact or communicate with, whether directly or indirectly, any Past, Present or Potential Clients with respect to the provision of Investment Services;provided,however, that this clause (iii) shall not be applicable to Clients (including Potential Clients) who are also members of the Immediate Family of the Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member; or
(iv) solicit or induce, or attempt to solicit or induce, directly or indirectly, any employee or agent of, or consultant to, the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates to terminate its, his or her relationship therewith, hire any such employee, agent or consultant, or former employee, agent or consultant, or work in any enterprise involving Investment Services with any employee, agent or consultant or former employee, agent or consultant, of the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates who was employed by or acted as an agent or consultant to the LLC or their respective Controlled Affiliates at any time during
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the two (2) year period preceding the termination of the Employee Stockholder’s employment or Non-Manager Member’s status as a member of the LLC, as applicable (excluding for all purposes of this sentence, secretaries and persons holding other similar positions).
For purposes of this Section 3.8(b), the term “Past Client” shall be limited to those Past Clients who were recipients of Investment Services, directly or indirectly (including through investment in any Fund), from the LLC and/or their respective Controlled Affiliates at the date of termination of the Employee Stockholder’s employment or Non-Manager Member’s status as a member of the LLC (as applicable) or at any time during the two (2) years immediately preceding the date of such termination.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 3.8(a) and 3.8(b), any Employee Stockholder may (i) make passive personal investments in an enterprise (whether or not competitive with the Manager Member or the LLC) the shares or other equity interests of which are publicly traded, provided his holding therein together with any holdings of his Affiliates and members of his Immediate Family, are less than five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares or comparable interests in such entity; and (ii) serve as a trustee of a registered investment company.
(c) Each Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees that any and all presently existing investment advisory businesses of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates and all businesses developed by the LLC, any of its Controlled Affiliates, the Predecessor Business and the Predecessor Business, including by such Employee Stockholder or any other employee of the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates, the Predecessor Business or any predecessor thereto (whether or not in such person’s individual capacity), including without limitation, all investment methodologies, all investment advisory contracts, fees and fee schedules, commissions, records, data, Client lists, agreements, trade secrets, and any other incident of any business developed by the LLC, its Controlled Affiliates, the Predecessor Business or any predecessor thereto, or earned or carried on by the Employee Stockholder for the LLC, any of its Controlled Affiliates, the Predecessor Business or any predecessor thereto, and all trade names, service marks and logos under which the LLC or its Affiliates (or any predecessor thereto) do or have done business, and any combinations or variations thereof and all related logos, are and shall be the exclusive property of the LLC or such Controlled Affiliate thereof, as applicable, for its or their sole use, and (where applicable) shall be payable directly to the LLC or such Controlled Affiliate. In addition, each Member and each Employee Stockholder acknowledges and agrees that the investment performance of the accounts managed by the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate thereof was attributable to the efforts of the team of professionals of the LLC, such Controlled Affiliate thereof, such Predecessor Business or such predecessor thereto, and not to the efforts of any single individual or subset of such team of professionals, and that, therefore, the performance records of the accounts managed by the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (or any predecessor to any of them), including without limitation, the Funds, are and shall be the exclusive property of the LLC or such Controlled Affiliate, as applicable (and not of any other Person or Persons).
(d) Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder acknowledges that, in the course of performing services hereunder and otherwise, such Member or Employee Stockholder (as applicable) has had, and will from time to time have, access to information of a confidential or proprietary nature, including without limitation, all confidential or proprietary investment methodologies, trade secrets, proprietary or confidential plans, Client identities and information, Client lists, service providers, business operations or techniques, records and data (“Intellectual Property”) owned or used in the course of business by the LLC, its Controlled Affiliates or any of the parties to the Purchase Agreement. Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees always to keep secret and not ever publish, divulge, furnish, use or make accessible to anyone (otherwise than in the regular business of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates or as required by court order or by law (on the written advice of outside counsel)) any Intellectual Property of the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate thereof unless such information can be shown to be in the public domain through no fault of such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder. At the termination of the Employee Stockholder’s employment by the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates or the Non-Manager Member’s status as a member of the LLC, all data, memoranda, Client lists, notes, programs and other
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papers, items and tangible media, and reproductions thereof relating to the foregoing matters in the Non-Manager Member’s or Employee Stockholder’s possession or control, shall be returned to the LLC and remain in its possession. The Management Committee shall procure that any Person who becomes a Non-Manager Member of the LLC, or who acquires a beneficial interest in an entity which is a Non-Manager Member of the LLC shall not be provided access to any confidential or proprietary information of the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (except to the extent as may be otherwise required by applicable law).
(e) Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder acknowledges that, in the course of entering into this Agreement, the Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder (as applicable) has had and, in the course of the operation of the LLC and any Controlled Affiliates thereof, the Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder will from time to time have, access to Intellectual Property owned by or used in the course of business by the Manager Member. Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees, for the benefit of the LLC and its Members, and for the benefit of the Manager Member, always to keep secret and not ever publish, divulge, furnish, use or make accessible to anyone (otherwise than at the Manager Member’s request or by court order or by law (on the written advice of outside counsel)) any knowledge or information regarding Intellectual Property (including, by way of example and not of limitation, the transaction structures utilized by the Manger Member) of the Manager Member unless such information can be shown to be in the public domain through no fault of such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder. At the termination of the Employee Stockholder’s service to the LLC and Controlled Affiliates or the Non-Manager Member’s status as a member of the LLC, all data, memoranda, documents, notes and other papers, items and tangible media, and reproductions thereof relating to the foregoing matters in the Non-Manager Member’s or Employee Stockholder’s possession or control shall be returned to the Manager Member and remain in its possession.
(f) The provisions of this Section 3.8 shall not be deemed to limit any of the rights of the LLC under applicable law, but shall be in addition to the rights under applicable law.
Section 3.9. Remedies Upon Breach.
(a) In the event that a Non-Manager Member or its related Employee Stockholder breaches any of the provisions of Section 3.8 hereof, then (i) such Non-Manager Member shall forfeit its right to receive any payment for its LLC Interests under Section 3.10, although it shall cease to be a Non-Manager Member in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.10(e), (ii) the Manager Member (and any of its assignees thereunder) shall have no further obligations under any promissory note theretofore issued to such Non-Manager Member pursuant to Section 3.10(f), and (iii) the LLC shall be entitled to withhold any other payments to which such Non-Manager Member or its related Employee Stockholder otherwise would be entitled to offset damages resulting from such breach.
(b) Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees that any breach of the provisions of Section 3.8 of this Agreement by such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder (as applicable) could cause irreparable damage to the LLC and the other Members, and that the LLC (by action of the Management Committee) and the Manager Member shall have the right to an injunction or other equitable relief (in addition to other legal remedies) to prevent any violation of a Non-Manager Member’s or Employee Stockholder’s obligations hereunder or thereunder.
Section 3.10. Purchase Provisions.
The Members of the LLC, having agreed that it is in the best interests of the LLC not to have ex-employees who were (or were related persons of, as applicable) Non-Manager Members remain as Non-Manager Members (or have their related Non-Manager Members remain as Non-Manager Members, as applicable) following the termination of such employment, agree among themselves as follows:
(a) In the event that the employment by the LLC (and by any of its Controlled Affiliates employing such Employee Stockholder) of any Employee Stockholder terminates for any reason, then the Manager
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Member shall have the option to purchase, and such Employee Stockholder (or the Non-Manager Member of which such Employee Stockholder was an owner, if such Employee Stockholder is not itself the Non-Manager Member) and each of its Permitted Transferees (such selling Persons, collectively, a “Selling Member”) shall, if the Manger Member elects to purchase such LLC Interests, sell to the Manager Member (such purchases, collectively, a “Purchase”, and the LLC Interests purchased pursuant thereto, collectively, the “Purchased Interest”), all of the LLC Interests held by the Selling Member for the Purchase Price (as defined in Section 3.10(c) hereof) and otherwise pursuant to the terms of this Section 3.10. The option to Purchase shall be exercised by the Manager Member by delivery to such Employee Stockholder of a written notice (the “Purchase Notice”) (i) setting forth the Manager Member’s intent to exercise the option to Purchase and containing the total number of Units to be sold to the Manager Member, and (ii) mailed, via postage pre-paid registered or certified United States mail, to the attention of or otherwise actually delivered to Employee Stockholder at Employee Stockholder’s most recent address reflected in the LLC’s payroll.
(b) The closing of the Purchase will take place on a date set by the Manager Member (the “Purchase Closing Date”) which shall be after the last day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Employee Stockholder’s employment with the LLC (and any of its applicable Controlled Affiliates) terminated (or, if later, after the last day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the Effective Time), but which is not more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the date such termination of employment occurred (or, if later, not more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the last day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the Effective Time).
(c) The aggregate purchase price payable by the Manager Member (or its assignee) for a Purchase (the “Purchase Price”) shall be an amount equal to the fair value of the LLC Units subject to the Purchase, which shall be conclusively determined as follows (and the price so determined pursuant to the following provisions shall be final and binding upon the parties hereto):
(i) Series A LLC Units shall be valued at the fair value thereof, which shall be conclusively determined as follows:
| (A) | five (5.0), multiplied by |
| (B) | the “Applicable Cash Flow”, which shall be defined as the positive difference (if any) of (x) the sum of (I) fifty percent (50%) of the Base Owners’ Allocation for the twenty-four (24) months ending on the last day of the calendar quarter in which the termination of such Employee Stockholder’s employment occurs (or, if later, the last day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the Effective Time), plus (II) twenty-five percent (25%) of the Earned Performance Owners’ Allocation for the forty-eight (48) months ending on the last day of the calendar quarter in which the termination of such Employee Stockholder’s employment occurs (or, if later, the last day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the Effective Time),minus (y) the amount (if any) by which the combined actual expenses of the LLC and any Controlled Affiliates thereof (determined on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied) exceeded the Operating Allocation (including any previously reserved Operating Allocation) during the twelve (12) months ending the last day of the calendar quarter in which the termination of such Employee Stockholder’s employment occurs (or, if later, the last day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the Effective Time), multiplied by |
| (C) | the “Applicable Fraction”, which shall be defined as a fraction the numerator of which is the number of Series A LLC Units being purchased in the Purchase, and the denominator of which is the number of LLC Units outstanding on the date of the closing of the Purchase (before giving effect to any issuances or redemptions of LLC Units on such date). |
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(ii) Series B LLC Units shall be valued at the fair value thereof, which shall be conclusively determined as follows:
| (A) | The positive difference, if any, between (x) five (5.0) multiplied by the “Applicable Cash Flow” and (y) the Liquidation Preference, multiplied by |
| (B) | A fraction, the numerator of which is the number of Series B LLC Units being purchased in the Purchase and the denominator of which is the number of LLC Units outstanding on the date of the closing of the Purchase (before giving effect to any issuances or redemptions of LLC Units on such date). |
(d) The rights of the Manager Member and its assignees hereunder are in addition to and shall not affect any other rights which the Manager Member, the LLC or their assigns may otherwise have to purchase LLC Interests.
(e) On the Purchase Closing Date, the Manager Member (or its assignee, as applicable) shall pay to the Selling Member the Purchase Price for the LLC Interests purchased in the manner set forth in this Section 3.10, and upon such payment the Selling Member shall cease to hold any LLC Interests, and such Selling Member automatically shall be deemed to have withdrawn from the LLC and shall cease to be a Member of the LLC and shall no longer have any rights hereunder;provided,however, that the provisions of this Article III shall continue to be binding upon such Selling Member and any related Employee Stockholder as provided in Section 3.13 hereof. On the Purchase Closing Date, the Selling Member and the Manager Member (or its assignee) shall, if the Manager Member so requests, execute an agreement reasonably acceptable to the Manager Member (i) in which the Selling Member (including each Person included therein) represents and warrants to the Manager Member (or its assignee), that it has sole record and beneficial title to the Purchased Interest, free and clear of any Liens other than those imposed by this Agreement, and (ii) addressing such other matters as the Manager Member reasonably requests.
(f) Payment of the Purchase Price with respect to any Purchased Interest shall be made as follows:
(i) In the case of a Purchase of Series A LLC Units,
| (A) | in the case of such a Purchase following a termination of the employment of the applicable Employee Stockholder in conjunction with a Removal Upon the Instruction of the Management Committee, on the Purchase Closing Date by wire-transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated to the Manager Member by the Selling Member at least three (3) business days prior to the Purchase Closing Date; |
| (B) | in the case of such a Purchase following a termination of the employment of the applicable Employee Stockholder resulting from the death of such Employee Stockholder, on the Purchase Closing Date either (in the sole discretion of the Manager Member) (I) by wire-transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated to the Manager Member by the Selling Member at least three (3) business days prior to the Purchase Closing Date or (II) by delivery of a promissory note of the Manager Member, in the form attached hereto asExhibit A, having an initial principal amount equal to the Purchase Price, the principal amount of which promissory note is payable in four (4) equal annual installments (subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and such promissory note), with the first installment payable on the Purchase Closing Date; |
| (C) | in the case of such a Purchase following a termination of the employment of the applicable Employee Stockholder resulting from the Retirement or Permanent Incapacity of such Employee Stockholder, on the later to occur of (I) the Purchase Closing Date or (II) the date which is the first business day after the second anniversary of the Effective Time, in either such case either (in the sole discretion of the Manager Member) (x) by wire-transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated to the Manager Member by the Selling Member at least three (3) business days prior to the date such payment is due or (y) by delivery of a promissory note of the Manager |
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| Member, in the form attached hereto asExhibit A, having an initial principal amount equal to the Purchase Price, the principal amount of which promissory note is payable in four (4) equal annual installments (subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and such promissory note), with the first installment payable on the date such promissory note is delivered pursuant hereto; or |
| (D) | in the case of any other such Purchase (including without limitation a termination of the employment of the applicable Employee Stockholder in conjunction with a Removal For Acting Contrary to the Best Interests of the LLC), on the later to occur of (I) the Purchase Closing Date or (II) the date which is the first business day after the second anniversary of the Effective Time, in either such case (x) fifty percent (50%) in Contingent Consideration payable on the Liquidation Date and (y) fifty percent (50%) (in the sole discretion of the Manager Member) either (1) by wire-transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated to the Manager Member by the Selling Member at least three (3) business days prior to the date such payment is due or (2) by delivery of a promissory note of the Manager Member, in the form attached hereto asExhibit A, having an initial principal amount equal to fifty percent (50%) of the Purchase Price, the principal amount of which promissory note is payable in four (4) equal annual installments (subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and such promissory note), with the first installment payable on the date such promissory note is delivered pursuant hereto; and |
(ii) In the case of a Purchase of Series B LLC Units, on the later to occur of (A) the Purchase Closing Date or (B) the date which is the first business day after the second anniversary of the Effective Time, in either such case one hundred percent (100%) in Contingent Consideration payable on the Liquidation Date.
(g) The Manager Member may assign any or all of its rights and obligations under this Section 3.10, in one or more instances, to any other Person;provided,however, that no such assignment shall relieve the Manager Member of its obligation to make payment of a Purchase Price (to the extent not paid by any such assignee). The Manager Member may, with the consent of the Management Committee, assign any or all of its rights and obligations under this Section 3.10, in one or more instances, to the LLC.
(h) In the event that a Non-Manager Member, its related Employee Stockholder or any Permitted Transferee thereof holding LLC Interests (or any other holder of LLC Interests, other than the Manager Member or any Affiliate thereof) (i) has filed a voluntary petition under the bankruptcy laws or a petition for the appointment of a receiver or makes any assignment for the benefit of creditors, (ii) is subject involuntarily to such a petition or assignment or to an attachment or other legal or equitable interest with respect to any of its LLC Interests or, in the case of an Employee Stockholder which is not a Non-Manager Member, its interests in the Non-Manager Member which it owns, and such involuntary petition or assignment or attachment is not discharged within sixty (60) days after its effective date, or (iii) otherwise is subject to a Transfer of any of its LLC Interests or, in the case of an Employee Stockholder which is not a Non-Manager Member, its interests in the Non-Manager Member which it owns, by court order or decree or by operation of law (other than any such Transfer permitted by Section 5.1 hereof without the consent of the Manager Member), then the Manager Member shall in its sole discretion be entitled to purchase (or permit its assignee to purchase) all of the LLC Interests held by such Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests, other than the Manager Member or any Affiliate thereof) pursuant to the terms of this Section 3.10 as if such Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests) was a Selling Member, with the purchase price for such purchase to be determined pursuant to Section 3.10(c)(ii) and the date of the closing to be determined by the Manager Member in its discretion;provided,however, that in the case of a Transfer as a result of divorce, the Manager Member shall be entitled to purchase (or permit its assignee to purchase) only the LLC Interests then held by (or subject to transfer to) the divorced spouse of such Non-Manager Member (or in the case of an Employee Stockholder which is not a Non-Manager Member, interests in its Non-Manager Member held by the divorced spouse of such Employee Stockholder) as if such
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spouse was a Selling Member under this Section 3.10, and not the LLC Interests (or interests in such Non-Manager Member, as applicable) which continue to be held by such Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder (as applicable). In order to give effect to clause (iii) of the prior sentence, if any of the interests of a Non-Manager Member in the LLC, or of an Employee Stockholder in a Non-Manager Member, become subject to Transfer (or purport to be or have been Transferred) by a court order or decree or by operation of law, the Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests, other than the Manager Member or any Affiliate thereof) whose interests in the LLC, or the interests in which (as applicable), are subject to such Transfer shall cease to be a Member of the LLC, and the transferee by court order or decree or by operation of law shall not become a Member, and the Manager Member (or its assignee) shall have the right in its sole discretion to purchase from the Non-Manager Member which has ceased to be a Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests) all of his, her or its interests in the LLC in the manner set forth in the preceding sentence. In the event that the Manager Member in its sole discretion determines not to purchase (or permit another assignee of the Manager Member to purchase) the LLC Interests held by a Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests, other than the Manager Member or any Affiliate thereof) pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.10(h), the Manager Member shall assign its right to make such purchase to any one or more other Non-Manager Members who desire to make such purchase for their own accounts (and whom the Management Committee shall have authorized in writing to make such purchase, with the Management Committee determining the respective percentages such other Non-Manager Members shall be permitted to purchase), and such other Non-Manager Member(s) shall be entitled to purchase such LLC Interests on the same terms that would have been applicable to the Manager Member had it elected to make such purchase pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.10(h).
(i) In the event that a Non-Manager Member (or other holder of LLC Interests, other than the Manager Member or any Affiliate thereof) is required to sell its LLC Interests pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3.10 and for any reason fails to execute and deliver the agreements required by this Section 3.10 and otherwise to consummate such sale in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.10 (including without limitation as a result of being unable for any reason to comply with the requirements hereof), the Manager Member (or its assignee, as applicable) may deposit the Purchase Price therefor (including cash and/or promissory notes) with any bank doing business within fifty (50) miles of the LLC’s principal place of business, or with the LLC’s accounting firm, as agent for such Non-Manager Member (or such other holder of LLC Interests), to be held by such bank or accounting firm for the benefit of and for delivery to such Non-Manager Member. Upon such deposit by the Manager Member (or its assignee, as applicable) and upon notice thereof given to such Non-Manager Member (or such other holder of LLC Interests), and such Non-Manager Member’s (or such other holder’s) LLC Interests automatically shall be deemed to have been sold, transferred, conveyed and assigned to the Manager Member (or its assignee, as applicable), such Non-Manager Member (or such other holder) shall cease to hold any LLC Interests, shall cease to be a Member of the LLC (if previously a Member) and shall have no further rights with respect thereto (other than the right to withdraw the payment therefor, if any, held by the agent described in the preceding sentence), and the Manager Member shall record such transfer onSchedule A hereto.
Section 3.11. No Employment Obligation. Each Non-Manager Member and each Employee Stockholder acknowledges that this Agreement creates no obligation on the part of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) to continue the employment of an Employee Stockholder or any other Person with the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), and that such Employee Stockholder is an employee at will of the LLC and any of its Controlled Affiliates employing such Employee Stockholder.
Section 3.12. Capitalization of Excess Operating Cash Flow. If the Management Committee advises the Manager Member that, in its reasonable judgment (taking into account the anticipated revenue and expenses bases of the LLC), the Operating Allocation will exceed the foreseeable expenses of the LLC on a sustained basis (taking into account business conditions at the time and including both a reasonable allowance for either loss of business or a change in margins in the business), the Manager Member shall discuss in good faith with the Management Committee whether the Manager Member concurs in that view, and if the Manager Member after
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such discussion concurs in that view in its sole discretion, the Manager Member will further discuss with the Management Committee whether to capitalize a portion of such excess cash flow, the amount of any such excess that it is potentially appropriate to capitalize, and who the recipients of such capitalized excess cash flow should be from the management group.
Section 3.13. Miscellaneous. Each Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees that the enforcement of the provisions of Sections 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 hereof are necessary to ensure the protection and continuity of the business, goodwill and confidential business information of the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) for the benefit of each of the Members. Each Member and each Employee Stockholder agrees that, due to the proprietary nature of the LLC’s (and any of its Controlled Affiliates’) business, the restrictions set forth in Section 3.8 hereof are reasonable as to duration and scope. If any provision contained in this Article III shall for any reason be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Article III. It is the intention of the parties hereto that if any of the restrictions or covenants contained herein is held to cover a geographic area or to be for a length of time that is not permitted by applicable law, or is any way construed to be too broad or to any extent invalid, such provision shall not be construed to be null, void and of no effect, but to the extent such provision would then be valid or enforceable under applicable law, such provision shall be construed and interpreted or reformed to provide for a restriction or covenant having the maximum enforceable geographic area, time period and other provisions as shall be valid and enforceable under applicable law. Each Member and Employee Stockholder acknowledges that the obligations and rights under Sections 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 and this Section 3.13 shall survive the termination of the employment of an Employee Stockholder with the LLC (and with any applicable Controlled Affiliates thereof) and/or the withdrawal or removal of a Member from the LLC, regardless of the manner of such termination, withdrawal or removal, in accordance with the provisions hereof. Moreover, each Member agrees that the remedies provided herein are reasonably related to the anticipated loss that the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) and the Members (including, without limitation, the Manager Member, which would be purchasing LLC Interests from a Non-Manager Member) would suffer upon a breach of such provisions. Except as agreed to by the Manager Member in advance in a writing making specific reference to this Article III, no Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member shall enter into any agreement or arrangement which is inconsistent with the terms and provisions hereof.
ARTICLE IV
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS;
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS AND ALLOCATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.1. Capital Contributions.
(a) As of immediately prior to the Effective Time, the LLC purchased all of assets, properties, rights, powers, privileges and business (and the goodwill associated therewith) described in the Purchase Agreement (and the LLC assumed all of the liabilities described in the Purchase Agreement), and the Members agree that the acquired property and the rights, subject to the liabilities, had the value set forth onSchedule A hereto and the Manger Member shall be deemed to have made a Capital Contribution equal to said value. Except as may be agreed to in connection with the issuance of additional LLC Interests, as specifically set forth herein, or as may be required under applicable law, the Members shall not be required to make any further capital contributions to the LLC. No Member shall make any capital contribution to the LLC without the prior consent of the Manager Member.
(b) No Member shall have the right to withdraw any part of his, her or its (or his, her or its predecessors in interest) Capital Contribution until the dissolution and winding up of the LLC (except as distributions otherwise expressly provided for in this Article IV may represent returns of capital, in whole or in part). No Member shall be entitled to receive any interest on any Capital Contribution made by it (or its predecessors in interest) to the LLC. No Member shall have any personal liability for the repayment of any Capital Contribution of any other Member.
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Section 4.2. Capital Accounts; Allocations.
(a) There shall be established for each Member a Capital Account (a “Capital Account”) which, in the case of each Member, shall initially be equal to the Capital Contribution of such Member as set forth onSchedule A hereto.
(b) The Capital Account of each Member shall be adjusted in the following manner. Each Capital Account shall be increased by such Member’s allocable share of income and gain, if any, of the LLC (as well as the Capital Contributions made by a Member after the Effective Time, including, without limitation, any Capital Contributions deemed to have been made to the LLC by the Manager Member pursuant to the operation of clause (ii) of the last paragraph of Section 3.5(b) hereof) and shall be decreased by such Member’s allocable share of deductions and losses, if any, of the LLC and by the amount of all distributions made to such Member. The amount of any distribution of assets other than cash shall be deemed to be the Fair Market Value of such assets (net of any liabilities encumbering such property that the distributee Member is considered to assume or take subject to). Capital Accounts shall also be adjusted upon the issuance of additional LLC Interests as set forth in Section 5.5(c) and upon the transfer of LLC Interests as set forth in Section 5.1. To the extent not otherwise provided for in this Agreement, the Capital Accounts of the Members shall be adjusted and maintained in accordance with the rules of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv), as the same may be amended or revised. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Member shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above.
(c) Subject to Sections 4.2(e), 4.2(g) and 4.5 hereof, all items of LLC income and gain shall be allocated among the Members’ Capital Accounts at the end of every calendar quarter as follows:
(i) first, items of income and gain (if any) shall be allocated to the Manager Member in an amount equal to the product of (A) the Owners’ Allocation for such calendar quarter, multiplied by (B) a fraction (I) the numerator of which is the number of LLC Units held by the Manager Member as of the first day of such calendar quarter and (II) the denominator of which is the number of LLC Units outstanding as of the first day of such calendar quarter;
(ii) second, items of income and gain (if any) shall be allocated to the Manager Member until the Manager Member has been allocated cumulative income and gain under this Section 4.2(c)(ii) equal to the cumulative amount of losses and deductions allocated to the Manager Member under Sections 4.2(d)(ii) and 4.2(d)(iii) in prior periods (if any);
(iii) third, items of income and gain (if any) shall be allocated to each Non-Manager Member in an amount equal to the product of (I) the Owners’ Allocation for such calendar quarter, multiplied by (II) a fraction (x) the numerator of which is the number of LLC Units held by such Non-Manager Member as of the first day of such calendar quarter and (y) the denominator of which is the number of LLC Units outstanding as of the first day of such calendar quarter, until the aggregate amount of such items of income and gain allocated to the Members (including both the Manager Member and the Non-Manager Members) pursuant to Sections 4.2(c)(i), 4.2(c)(ii) and this 4.2(c)(iii) for such calendar quarter equals the total amount of the Owners’ Allocation for such calendar quarter; and
(iv) finally, all remaining items of LLC income and gain shall be allocated among the Non-Manager Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) each Non-Manager Member’s respective number of LLC Units on the first day of such calendar quarter.
(d) Subject to Sections 4.2(f), 4.2(g) and 4.5 hereof, all items of LLC loss and deduction shall be allocated among the Members’ Capital Accounts at the end of every calendar quarter as follows:
(i) first, all items of LLC loss and deduction for such calendar quarter shall be allocated: (A) first, among the Non-Manager Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) each Non-Manager Member’s respective number of LLC Units on the first day of such calendar quarter, until the aggregate amount of such items of loss and deduction allocated to the Non-Manager Members pursuant to this clause (A) equals the aggregate amount of allocations of income and gain to the Non-Manager
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Members pursuant to Section 4.2(c)(iv) for such calendar quarter and (B) second, among the Non-Manager Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective numbers of LLC Units on the first day of such calendar quarter, until the Capital Accounts of all of the Non-Manager Members shall have been reduced to zero (0) (after giving effect to the allocations of income and gain for such calendar quarter under Section 4.2(c)); provided that no additional loss or deduction shall be allocated to any Non-Manager’s Capital Account pursuant to this Section 4.2(d)(i) once such Capital Account has been reduced to zero (0) (but items of loss and deduction shall continue to be allocated to the Capital Accounts of the other Non-Manager Members pursuant to this Section 4.2(d)(i) until all such Non-Manager Members’ Capital Accounts have been reduced to zero (0));
(ii) second, any remaining items of LLC loss and deduction for such calendar quarter not allocated to the Non-Manager Members under Section 4.2(d)(i) shall be allocated to the Manager Member until its Capital Account shall have been reduced to zero (0); and
(iii) finally, any remaining items of LLC loss and deduction for such calendar quarter not allocated to the Members under Sections 4.2(d)(i) and 4.2(d)(ii) shall be allocated among all Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) each Member’s respective number of LLC Units as of the first day of such calendar quarter.
(e) If the LLC has a net gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of all, or a substantial portion (as determined by the Manager Member) of, the assets of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates, then that net gain shall be allocated among the Members as follows:
(i) first, net gain shall be allocated to the Manager Member until the Manager Member has been allocated cumulative gain which, together with income and gain previously allocated to the Manager Member under Section 4.2(c)(ii) hereof and this Section 4.2(e)(i), equals the cumulative amount of losses and deductions allocated to the Manager Member under Sections 4.2(d)(ii) and 4.2(d)(iii) in prior periods;
(ii) second, an aggregate amount of net gain equal to the positive difference between (A) the Liquidation Preference and (B) the aggregate positive Capital Account balances of those Members holding Series A LLC Units as of the date of the transaction (or an allocable portion thereof, in the case of any Member holding both Series A LLC Units and Series B LLC Units as of the date of such transaction) shall be allocated among those Members holding Series A LLC Units as of the date of the transaction in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective number of Series A LLC Units as of the date of the transaction;provided,however, that, in the event the ratio of (I) the aggregate Capital Account balances of any Non-Manager Members holding Series A LLC Units, on the one hand, to (II) the Capital Account balance of the Manager Member, on the other hand, is less than the ratio of (X) the Applicable Aggregate Non-Manager Member Allocation Percentage, on the one hand, to (Y) the Applicable Manager Member Allocation Percentage, on the other hand, then in such event, the aggregate net gain described in this clause (ii) shall first be allocated to such Non-Manager Members holding Series A LLC Units (in accordance with, and in proportion to, their respective number of Series A LLC Units) until such ratios are equal (and thereafter shall be allocated in accordance with this clause (ii) without further application of this proviso);
(iii) third, net gain shall be allocated among the Non-Manager Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective number of LLC Units as of the date of the transaction, until the ratio of (I) the aggregate Capital Account balances of the Non-Manager Members, on the one hand, to (II) the Capital Account balance of the Manager Member, on the other hand, is equal to the ratio of (X) the Applicable Aggregate Non-Manager Member Allocation Percentage, on the one hand, to (Y) the Applicable Manager Member Allocation Percentage, on the other hand; and
(iv) thereafter, net gain shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective number of LLC Units as of the date of the transaction.
(f) If the LLC has a net loss from any sale, exchange or other disposition of all, or a substantial portion (as determined by the Manager Member) of, the assets of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates, then that net
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loss shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective number of LLC Units as of the date of the transaction; provided that no additional losses shall be allocated to a Member once its Capital Account has been reduced to zero (0) (but losses shall continue to be allocated to the Capital Accounts of the other Members pursuant to this Section 4.2(f)) until all Members’ Capital Accounts have been reduced to zero (0), and thereafter any remaining amount of such losses shall be allocated among all Members pursuant to this Section 4.2(f) in accordance with (and in proportion to) each Member’s respective number of LLC Units as of the first day of such calendar quarter.
(g) In the event that during any calendar quarter (or any fiscal year of the LLC) there is any change of Members or LLC Units held by the Members (whether as a result of the admission of an Additional Non-Manager Member, the redemption by the LLC of all (or any portion) of any Member’s LLC Units, an issuance or transfer of any LLC Units or otherwise), the following shall apply (and shall be implemented as determined by the Manager Member): (i) such change shall be deemed to have occurred as of the end of the last day of the calendar quarter in which such change occurred, (ii) the books of account of the LLC shall be closed effective as of the close of business on the effective date of any such change as set forth in clause (i) and such fiscal year shall thereupon be divided into two or more portions, (iii) each item of income, gain, loss and deduction shall be determined (on the closing of the books basis) for the portion of such fiscal year ending with the date on which the books of account of the LLC are so closed, and (iv) each such item for such portion of such fiscal year shall be allocated (pursuant to the provisions of Sections 4.2(c) and (d) hereof) to those Persons who were Members during such portion of such fiscal year in accordance with their respective LLC Units during such period.
Section 4.3. Distributions.
(a) Subject to Section 4.4 hereof, from and after the Effective Time, within thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar quarter, the LLC shall, to the extent cash is available therefor at the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (and the LLC shall cause its Controlled Affiliates to distribute any such available cash to the LLC, to the extent required for distributions pursuant hereto and not in violation of any laws applicable to such Controlled Affiliates), and based on the unaudited financial statements for such calendar quarter prepared in accordance with Section 8.3 hereof (after approval of such financial statements by the Manager Member), (i) first, distribute to the Manager Member an amount equal to the allocations of income and gain to the Manager Member pursuant to Sections 4.2(c)(i) and 4.2(c)(ii) for such calendar quarter (less the Manager Member’s pro rata portion of any Owners’ Allocation Expenditures made in such calendar quarter) plus any previous calendar quarter to the extent not then distributed, and (ii) second, distribute to each Non-Manager Member (and each Person who was a Non-Manager Member at any time during such calendar quarter) an amount equal to the allocation of income and gain to such Non-Manager Member pursuant to Sections 4.2(c)(iii) and 4.2(c)(iv) for such calendar quarter (less an amount equal to each such Person’s pro rata portion of any Owners’ Allocation Expenditures made in such calendar quarter) plus any previous calendar quarter to the extent not then distributed, less an amount equal to the allocation of losses and deductions to such Non-Manager Member pursuant to Section 4.2(d)(i) for such calendar quarter. Within sixty (60) days after the end of each fiscal year of the LLC, the LLC shall, based on the audited financial statements prepared in accordance with Section 8.3 hereof, make a distribution of the remaining amounts (if any) for such completed fiscal year which were allocated pursuant to Sections 4.2(c)(i), 4.2(c)(ii), 4.2(c)(iii) and 4.2(c)(iv) (but not previously distributed) and any previous fiscal year to the extent not then distributed (less each applicable recipient’s pro rata portion of any Owners’ Allocation expenditures made in such fiscal year), such distribution to be made in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of the prior sentence, whenever and to the extent cash is available therefor at the LLC or any of its Controlled Affiliates (and the LLC shall cause its Controlled Affiliates to distribute any such available cash to the LLC, to the extent required for such distributions and not in violation of any laws applicable to such Controlled Affiliates). Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 4.3(a), the Manager Member may, with the approval of the Management Committee, from time to time reserve and not distribute portions of the Owners’ Allocation for LLC purposes (including without limitation to increase the net worth of the LLC, to make capital expenditures (such as the creation of or investment in a Controlled Affiliate) or
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to create a reserve for anticipated purchases of LLC Interests);provided,however, that any such reservation shall be made from all Members pro rata in proportion to LLC Units and that such funds shall be maintained in the Receipts Account (as defined below) pending expenditure thereof; andprovided,further, that to the extent such reserve is not used for LLC purposes as contemplated by the Manager Member and the Management Committee, such reserve shall be distributed in accordance with this Section 4.3(a). To the extent that cash is for any reason not available to make a distribution to the Manager Member pursuant to this Section 4.3(a) of the time such distribution otherwise would have been required by this Section 4.3(a) to be made to the Manager Member if cash were available therefor (or in the event that the LLC for any other reason does not make a required distribution to the Manager Member within thirty (30) days following a calendar quarter end or sixty (60) days following a fiscal year end, as applicable), then such distribution shall be made to the Manager Member by the LLC as promptly as possible following the date it was otherwise required to be made under this Section 4.3(a), together with interest thereon calculated from the thirtieth (30th) day following such calendar quarter end or the sixtieth (60th) day following such fiscal year end (as applicable) at a rate per annum equal to the prime lending rate then in effect as reported by JP Morgan Chase, which interest shall be borne by the LLC as an operating expense payable out of the Operating Allocation.
(b) To give effect to the foregoing, the LLC shall have two (2) bank accounts. The first account (the “Receipts Account”) shall have as its authorized signatories such representatives of the LLC and the Manager Member as the Management Committee and the Manager Member shall deem appropriate or desirable. All of the LLC’s receipts shall be paid into the Receipts Account;provided,however, that on a weekly basis, the LLC shall transfer twenty-eight percent (28%) of receipts paid into this account to a second account (the “Owners’ Allocation Account”) which shall have as its authorized signatories such representatives of the LLC and the Manager Member as the Management Committee and the Manager Member shall deem appropriate or desirable. The Manager Member shall use the Owners’ Allocation Account to make all distributions of Owners’ Allocation pursuant to Section 4.3(a) above and to fund all Owners’ Allocation Expenditures. The Manager Member shall retain in the Owners’ Allocation Account any amount which gives rise to the right to make distributions pursuant to Section 4.3(c) hereof (including, without limitation, the proceeds of sales of assets, insurance proceeds and the proceeds of issuance of additional LLC Interests) and shall distribute such amounts in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.3(c). The Receipts Account shall be used by the Management Committee to make all operating expense payments (including payments of salary and bonus) out of the Operating Allocation. Within thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar quarter, based on the unaudited financial statements for such calendar quarter prepared in accordance with Section 8.3 hereof, and within ninety-five (95) days after the end of each fiscal year of the LLC, based on the audited financial statements prepared in accordance with Section 8.3 hereof, the Manager Member and the LLC shall cause such transfers between the Receipts Account and the Owners’ Allocation Account to reflect the appropriate allocations between Operating Allocation and Owners’ Allocation and other amounts excluded from the definition of Revenue from Operations hereunder.
(c) Except to the extent distributions are provided for in Section 4.3(a) hereof, any other amounts or proceeds available for distribution to the Members (if any) (after taking into account the use or reservation of Operating Allocation pursuant to Section 3.5(b)) shall be distributed to the Members at such times as may be determined by the Manager Member, provided that any such distribution shall be made among the Members (i) first, in accordance with (and in proportion to) the positive balances (if any) in the respective Capital Accounts of the Members (as determined immediately prior to such distribution) until all such positive Capital Account balances have been reduced to zero, and (ii) thereafter, among all Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective numbers of LLC Units at the time of such distribution (provided,however, that if a Member has made a Capital Contribution after the Effective Time, the Manager Member may cause the LLC first to make a priority return of such Capital Contribution andprovided further that the Manager Member may cause the LLC to first make a priority distribution to the Manager Member of an amount equal to the working capital of the business acquired pursuant to the Purchase Agreement on the date of said acquisition).
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(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the LLC shall not make a distribution to any Member on account of its LLC Interest if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable law.
Section 4.4. Distributions Upon Dissolution; Establishment of a Reserve Upon Dissolution.
Upon the dissolution of the LLC, the assets of the LLC shall first go toward the payment (or the making of reasonable provision for the payment) of all liabilities of the LLC owing to creditors, including without limitation the establishment of such reserves as the Manager Member (or if there is none, the Liquidating Trustee) deems necessary or advisable to provide for any liabilities or other obligations of the LLC. The Manager Member (or if there is none, the Liquidating Trustee) may cause the LLC to pay any such reserves over to a bank (or other third party) to be held in escrow for the purpose of paying any such liabilities or other obligations. At the expiration of such period(s) as the Manager Member (or Liquidating Trustee, if there is no Manager Member) may deem necessary or advisable, any remaining amount of such reserves (if any), and any other assets available for distribution, or a portion thereof (as determined by the Manager Member or, if there is none, the Liquidating Trustee), shall be distributed to the Members as follows:
(i) First, among the Members holding Series A LLC Units as of the date of dissolution in accordance with the positive balances (if any) in their respective Capital Accounts (as determined immediately prior to such distribution) until all such positive Capital Account balances have been reduced to zero;
(ii) second, among the Members holding Series A LLC Units as of the date of dissolution, in an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference minus the aggregate net gain (if any) allocated to such Members pursuant to Section 4.2(e)(ii) hereof in connection with such dissolution, ratably in accordance with (and in proportion to) the respective number of Series A LLC Units held by such Members as of the date of dissolution;
(iii) third, among the Members holding Series B LLC Units as of the date of dissolution in accordance with the positive balances (if any) in their respective Capital Accounts (as determined immediately prior to such distributions) until all such positive Capital Account balances have been reduced to zero; and
(iv) thereafter, among the Members in accordance with (and in proportion to) their respective number of LLC Units as of the date of dissolution.
If any assets of the LLC are to be distributed in kind in connection with such liquidation, such assets shall be distributed on the basis of their Fair Market Value (net of any liabilities encumbering such assets) and, to the greatest extent practicable under the circumstances (as determined by the Manager Member or, if there is none, the Liquidating Trustee), shall be distributed pro rata in accordance with the total amounts to be distributed to each Member. In the event that a distribution referenced in the preceding sentence is not distributed pro rata, the Members understand and acknowledge that a Member may be compelled to accept a distribution of any asset in kind from the LLC despite the fact that the percentage of the asset distributed to such Member exceeds the percentage of that asset which is equal to the percentage in which such Member shares in distributions from the LLC. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of any such distribution-in-kind, each item of gain and/or loss that would have been recognized by the LLC had the property being distributed instead been sold by the LLC for its Fair Market Value shall be determined and allocated to those Persons who were Members immediately prior to the effectiveness of such distribution in accordance with Section 4.2(c) and 4.2(d).
Section 4.5. Proceeds from Capital Contributions and the Sale of Securities; Insurance Proceeds; Certain Special Allocations.
(a)Minimum Gain Chargeback. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article IV, if there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any taxable year, the Members shall be specially allocated items of LLC income and gain for such year (and, if necessary,
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subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.7042(g)(2) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 4.5(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.7042(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b)Qualified Income Offset. In the event any Member unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of LLC income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Member in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in his Capital Account created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible.
(c)Gross Income Allocation. In the event any Member has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any fiscal year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Member is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Member is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Member shall be specially allocated items of LLC income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible, provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 4.5(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Member would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article IV have been tentatively made as if Section 4.5(b) and this Section 4.5(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d)Nonrecourse Deductions. Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with their respective numbers of LLC Units.
(e)Partner Nonrecourse Deductions. Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Member who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f)Curative Allocations. The allocations set forth in Sections 4.5(a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) hereof (the “Regulatory Allocations”) are intended to comply with certain requirements of the Treasury Regulations. It is the intent of the Members that, to the extent possible, all Regulatory Allocations shall be offset either with other Regulatory Allocations or with special allocations of other items of LLC income, gain, loss or deduction pursuant to this Section 4.5(f), and to the extent Regulatory Allocations are necessary, it is the intent of the Members that they be made in as consistent a manner with the provisions of Section 4.2 hereof as practicable, subject to compliance with the Treasury Regulations. Therefore, notwithstanding any other provision of this Article IV (other than the Regulatory Allocations), the Manager Member shall make such offsetting special allocations of LLC income, gain, loss or deduction in whatever manner it determines appropriate so that, after such offsetting allocations are made, each Member’s Capital Account is, to the extent possible, equal to the Capital Account balance such Member would have had if the Regulatory Allocations were not a part of this Agreement and all LLC items were allocated pursuant to Section 4.2. In exercising its discretion under this Section 4.5(f), the Manager Member shall take into account future Regulatory Allocations under Section 4.5(a) that, although not yet made, are likely to offset other Regulatory Allocations previously made under Sections 4.5(d) and (e).
(g)Proceeds of Capital Contribution and Securities Issuances. Capital Contributions made by any Member after the Effective Time, and any proceeds from the issuance of securities by the LLC, may in the sole discretion of the Manager Member be used for the benefit of the LLC (including without limitation provision for the purchase or redemption of any LLC Interests to be purchased or redeemed by the LLC), or may be distributed by the LLC to the Members in the sole discretion of the Manager Member, in which case any such proceeds shall be allocated and distributed among the Members in accordance with their respective LLC Units immediately prior to the date of such contribution or issuance of securities (it being understood that in the event the proceeds are a promissory note or other receivable, any such distribution shall only occur (if at all) upon receipt by the LLC of cash in respect thereof).
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(h)Proceeds of Key-Man Life or Disability Insurance. In the event of the death or Permanent Incapacity of an Employee Stockholder covered by key-man life or disability insurance, the premiums on which have been paid by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), the proceeds of any such policy (net of any expected tax liability to be incurred by the LLC, any Controlled Affiliate thereof and/or any Member as a result of the receipt by the LLC (or a Controlled Affiliate thereof) of such proceeds) may, in the sole discretion of the Manager Member, (i) be used for the benefit of the LLC (e.g., the making of capital expenditures), or (ii) be distributed by the LLC to the Members in which case such proceeds shall be allocated and distributed among the Members in accordance with their respective LLC Units immediately following the Purchase of LLC Interests from such Employee Stockholder (or its related Non-Manager Member) under Section 3.10 hereof. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, in the event the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) receives proceeds from any insurance policy owned or otherwise maintained by or benefiting the LLC (or a Controlled Affiliate thereof) and the receipt of such proceeds is for any reason expected by the Manager Member to result in a tax liability to one or more of the Members, the Manager Member may, in its sole discretion, distribute that portion of such insurance proceeds to such Member(s) as is necessary to partially or fully (in the Manager Member’s sole discretion) reimburse such Member(s) for the actual tax liabilities incurred by such Member(s) as a result of the LLC’s (or its Controlled Affiliate’s) receipt of such proceeds and the receipt by such Member of a distribution pursuant to this sentence; provided that, in the event the Manager Member determines to make any distributions of proceeds pursuant to this sentence, each Member incurring tax liabilities as a-result of the LLC’s (or its Controlled Affiliate’s) receipt of such insurance proceeds shall be reimbursed in the same proportion (as compared to the total tax liability it incurs) as each other Member receiving reimbursement pursuant to this sentence; and provided, further, that any Member receiving reimbursement pursuant to this sentence shall promptly reimburse to the LLC any portion of such reimbursement that exceeds the actual tax liabilities resulting to such Member as a result of the LLC’s (or its Controlled Affiliate’s) receipt of such insurance proceeds and the receipt by such Member of a distribution pursuant to this sentence.
(i)Depreciation and Amortization. All items of depreciation or amortization (as calculated for book purposes in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied) on account of the intangible items of property of the LLC at the Effective Time shall be specially allocated to the Manager Member, and all items of depreciation or amortization (as calculated for book purposes in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied) on account of the tangible items of property of the LLC at the Effective Time shall be specially allocated to the Non-Manager Members as set forth in Section 4.2(d)(i). All items of depreciation or amortization (as calculated for book purposes in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied) on account of property (whether tangible or intangible) purchased out of the Operating Allocation shall be allocated to the Non-Manager Members as set forth in Section 4.2(d)(i), and all items of depreciation or amortization (as calculated for book purposes in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied) on account of property (whether tangible or intangible) purchased out of the Owners’ Allocation shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with their respective numbers of LLC Units on the date the property was purchased.
Section 4.6. Tax Allocations. For income tax purposes only, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the LLC shall be allocated among the Members in the same manner as the corresponding items of income, gain, loss and deduction and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes, provided that in the case of any LLC asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the Manager Member in its sole discretion) so as to take account of the difference between the Carrying Value and the adjusted basis of such asset.
Section 4.7.Other Allocation Provisions. The foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Sections 4.2(c) to 4.2(f), and Sections 4.5 and 4.6 may be amended at any time by the Manager Member if necessary, in the opinion of tax counsel to the LLC or the Manager Member, to comply with such regulations, so long as any
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such amendment (a) does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Members and (b) to the extent practicable in the Manager Member’s reasonable judgment, applies consistently to all Non-Manager Members.
Section 4.8.Withholding. The Manager Member is authorized to cause the LLC to withhold from distributions to a Member, or with respect to allocations to a Member, and to pay over to a federal, state or local government, any amounts required to be withheld pursuant to the Code or any other provisions of federal, state or local law. Any amounts so withheld shall be treated as distributed to such Member pursuant to this Article IV for all purposes of this Agreement and, if withheld from amounts allocated but not distributed, shall be offset against the next amounts otherwise distributable to such Member.
ARTICLE V
TRANSFER OF LLC INTERESTS BY NON-MANAGER
MEMBERS; RESIGNATION, REDEMPTION AND WITHDRAWAL BY
NON-MANAGER MEMBERS;
ADMISSION OF ADDITIONAL NON-MANAGER MEMBERS
Section 5.1.Transferability of Interests. No interest of a Non-Manager Member (or transferee thereof) in the LLC (including without limitation LLC Interests) may, directly or indirectly, be sold, assigned, transferred, gifted or exchanged, nor may any Non-Manager Member (or transferee thereof) offer to do any of the foregoing (each, a “Transfer”), nor may any direct or indirect interest in any Non-Manager Member be, directly or indirectly, Transferred by any holder thereof, nor may any stockholder or other holder of an ownership interest in any Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person offer to do any of the foregoing, and no Transfer by a Non-Manager Member (or transferee thereof) or holder of an ownership interest in a Non-Manager Member shall be binding upon the LLC or any Non-Manager Member, in each case unless (i) such Transfer is expressly permitted by this Article V and (ii) the Manager Member receives an executed copy of the documents effecting such Transfer and such documents are in compliance with the requirements of this Article V and otherwise in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager Member. The transferee of an interest in the LLC may become a substitute Non-Manager Member, and a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person may remain a Member of the LLC following the Transfer of an ownership interest in such Non-Manager Member, in each case only upon the terms and conditions set forth in Section 5.2. If a transferee of an interest of a Non-Manager Member in the LLC does not become (and until any such transferee becomes) a substitute Non-Manager Member, or if a Non-Manager Member in which an ownership interest has been Transferred does not remain a Member of the LLC following such Transfer, in either case in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.2, such Person shall not be entitled to exercise or receive any of the rights, powers or benefits of a Non-Manager Member other than the right to receive distributions which the assigning Non-Manager Member has Transferred to such Person in compliance with this Section 5.1. Each Employee Stockholder and Non-Manager Member agrees to comply, and to cause its owners and transferees to comply (as applicable), with the provisions of this Article V.
A Non-Manager Member’s LLC Interests (or, in the case of a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person, direct (but in no event indirect) ownership interests in such Non-Manager Member) may be Transferred solely:
(a) with the prior written consent of the Manager Member, which consent may be granted or withheld by the Manager Member in its reasonable discretion;
(b) (i) upon the death of such Non-Manager Member (in the case of a Non-Manager Member who is a natural person), with respect to LLC Interests held by such Non-Manager Member, (ii) upon the death of a direct holder of ownership interests in such Non-Manager-Member (in the case of a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person), with respect to the direct ownership interests in such Non-Manager Member held by such deceased holder, in either such case such specified ownership interests may be Transferred by
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will or the laws of descent and distribution (without the consent of the Manager Member, but subject in all cases to the provisions of Section 3.10 hereof, which shall continue to be binding upon the LLC Interests of such Non-Manager Member (and the holders thereof) notwithstanding such death) or (iii) in connection with the appointment of a legal guardian or conservator for such Non-Manager Member or a direct holder of equity interests therein (as applicable) in the event of incapacity, to the extent such legal guardian or conservator succeeds as a matter of law to record ownership of such LLC Interests or direct ownership interests (as applicable) and provided that such Non-Manager Member or holder of direct ownership interests (as applicable) remains the beneficial owner of such interests;
(c) (i) an Employee Stockholder who is a Non-Manager Member may Transfer his or her LLC Interests, or (ii) direct ownership interests in a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person may be Transferred by its related Employee Stockholder, in either such case to members of such Employee Stockholder’s Immediate Family (or trusts for the benefit of such Employee Stockholder or the members of such Employee Stockholder’s Immediate Family, provided that any such trust does not require or permit distribution of such interests other than to such Employee Stockholder, members of such Employee Stockholder’s Immediate Family, or such Employee Stockholder’s related original Non-Manager Member that is a party hereto) without the consent of the Manager Member;
provided that in the case of (b) or (c) above, (i) the transferee first enters into an agreement with the LLC in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager Member agreeing to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement, and (ii) whether or not the transferee enters into such an agreement, such LLC Interests and ownership interests in such Non-Manager Member (as applicable) shall thereafter remain subject to this Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Non-Manager Member’s interest in the LLC may be Transferred (and no ownership interest in a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person may be Transferred) (i) if after giving effect to such Transfer, the total number of Members of the LLC would be deemed to exceed one hundred (100) (as determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations § 1.7704-1(h)), unless such Transfer is a Transfer described in Treasury Regulations § 1.7704-1(e), or (ii) if such Transfer (A) is required to be registered under the Securities Act, or (B) is not required to be registered under the Securities Act by reason of Regulation S thereunder, but would have been required to be registered under the Securities Act if the Transfer had been made within the United States, or if such Transfer would otherwise violate the securities or other laws of any jurisdiction.
For all purposes of this LLC Agreement, any Transfers of LLC Interests shall be deemed to occur as of the end of the last day of the calendar quarter in which any such Transfer would otherwise have occurred. Upon any Transfer of LLC Interests in accordance with the provisions hereof, the Manager Member shall make the appropriate revisions toSchedule A hereto.
Each time LLC Interests (including without limitation additional LLC Units) are Transferred or Purchased, the Manager Member may in its sole discretion elect to revalue the Capital Accounts of all the Members. If the Manager Member so elects, then the Capital Accounts of all the Members shall be adjusted as follows: (i) The Manager Member shall determine the proceeds which would be realized if the LLC sold all its assets at such time for a price equal to the Fair Market Value of such assets, and (ii) the Manager Member shall allocate amounts equal to the gain or loss which would have been realized upon such a sale to the Capital Accounts of all the Members immediately prior to such Transfer in accordance with Sections 4.2(e) and 4.2(f) hereof.
No interests of a Non-Manager Member in the LLC (including without limitation LLC Interests) may be pledged, hypothecated, optioned or encumbered, nor may any direct or indirect ownership interests in a Non-Manager Member be pledged, hypothecated, optioned or encumbered, nor may any offer to do any of the foregoing be made, without the prior written consent of the Manager Member in its sole discretion.
Section 5.2.Substitute Non-Manager Members. No transferee of interests of a Member in the LLC (including without limitation LLC Interests) shall become a Member, and no Non-Manager Member in which
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any direct or indirect ownership interests have been Transferred shall remain a Member of the LLC, in either case except in accordance with this Section 5.2. The Manager Member may in its sole discretion admit as a substitute Non-Manager Member (with respect to all or a portion of the LLC Interests held by a Person), any Person that acquires an LLC Interest by Transfer from another Member in accordance with Section 5.1 hereof, or that acquires an LLC Interest from the Manager Member in accordance with Section 6.1 hereof, and the Manager Member may in its sole discretion permit any Non-Manager Member in which all of the ownership interests have been Transferred to remain a Member of the LLC (and such Non-Manager Member otherwise automatically shall cease to be a Member of the LLC). The admission of a transferee as a substitute Non-Manager Member shall, in all events, be conditioned upon the execution of an instrument satisfactory in form and substance to the Manager Member whereby such transferee becomes a party to this Agreement as a Non-Manager Member. Upon the admission of a substitute Non-Manager Member in accordance with this Section 5.2, the Manager Member shall make the appropriate revisions toSchedule A hereto.
Section 5.3.Allocation of Distributions Between Transferor and Transferee; Successor to Capital Accounts. Upon the Transfer of LLC Interests in accordance with this Article V, distributions pursuant to Article IV after the date of such Transfer shall be made to the Person owning the LLC Interest at the date of distribution, unless the transferor and transferee otherwise agree and so direct the LLC and the Manager Member in a written statement signed by both the transferor and transferee. In connection with a Transfer by a Member of LLC Interests, the transferee shall succeed to a pro rata (based on the percentage of such Person’s LLC Interests Transferred) portion of the transferor’s Capital Account, unless the transferor and transferee otherwise agree and so direct the LLC and the Manager Member in a written statement signed by both the transferor and transferee and consented to by the Manager Member.
Section 5.4.Resignation, Redemptions and Withdrawals. No Non-Manager Member shall have the right to resign as a Member, to cause the redemption of its interest in the LLC in whole or in part, or otherwise to withdraw as a Member of the LLC, except (a) with the consent of the Manager Member in its sole discretion or (b) as is expressly provided for in Section 3.10 hereof in connection with a Purchase. Upon any resignation, redemption or withdrawal as a Member, the Non-Manager Member shall only be entitled to the consideration (if any) provided for by Section 3.10 hereof upon the purchase of its LLC Interest, if and to the extent that one of such Sections provides for such a purchase (and shall in no event be entitled to a withdrawal, redemption or distribution of its Capital Account in whole or in part). Upon the resignation, redemption or withdrawal, in whole or in part, by a Non-Manager Member, the Manager Member shall make the appropriate revisions toSchedule A hereto.
Section 5.5.Issuance of Additional LLC Interests.
(a) Except as provided in Section 5.2, additional Non-Manager Members (each, an “Additional Non-Manager Member”) may be admitted to the LLC, and such Additional Non-Manager Members may be issued LLC Units (or other LLC Interests), only upon the prior written consent of the Manager Member and the Management Committee (and then upon such terms and conditions as may be established by the Manager Member, including without limitation upon such Additional Non-Manager Member’s execution of an instrument in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager Member whereby such Person becomes a party to this Agreement as a Non-Manager Member).
(b) Existing Non-Manager Members may be issued additional LLC Units (or other LLC Interests) by the LLC only upon the prior written consent of the Manager Member and the Management Committee (and then upon such terms and conditions as may be established by the Manager Member). The Manager Member or its Affiliates may only be issued additional LLC Units (or other LLC Interests) upon the approval of the Management Committee.
(c) Each time additional LLC Interests are issued (including, without limitation, additional LLC Units), the Capital Accounts of all the Members shall be adjusted as follows: (i) the Manager Member shall determine the proceeds which would be realized if the LLC sold all its assets at such time for a price equal
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to the Fair Market Value of such assets and (ii) the Manager Member shall allocate amounts equal to the gain or loss which would have been realized upon such a sale to the Capital Accounts of all the Members immediately prior to such issuance in accordance with Sections 4.2(e) and 4.2(f) hereof.
(d) Upon the issuance of additional LLC Interests in accordance with the provisions of this Article V, the Manager Member shall make the appropriate revisions toSchedule A hereto.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, (i) no additional LLC Interests may be issued if, giving effect to such issuance, the total number of Members would be deemed to exceed one hundred (100) as determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.7704-1(h), and (ii) no LLC Interests may be issued (A) in a transaction that is required to be registered under the Securities Act, or (B) in a transaction that is not required to be registered under the Securities Act by reason of Regulation S thereunder unless the offering and sale of the LLC Interests would not have been required to be registered under the Securities Act if the LLC Interests had been offered and sold within the United States, or in any transaction that would otherwise violate the securities or other laws of any jurisdiction.
Section 5.6.Additional Requirements for Transfer or for Issuance. As additional conditions precedent to the validity of (x) any Transfer of a Non-Manager Member’s interest in the LLC (or, in the case of a Non-Manager Member which is not a natural person, direct or indirect ownership interests in such Non-Manager Member) (pursuant to Section 5.1 hereof), or (y) the issuance of additional LLC Interests (pursuant to Section 5.5 above), such Transfer or issuance (as applicable) shall not: (i) cause the LLC to become subject to regulation as an “investment company” under the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, (ii) result in the assignment or termination of any contract to which the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) is a party and which individually or in the aggregate are material (it being understood and agreed that any contract pursuant to which the LLC or a Controlled Affiliate thereof provides Investment Services is material), or (iii) result in the treatment of the LLC as an association taxable as a corporation or as a “publicly traded partnership” for federal income tax purposes.
The Manager Member may require reasonable evidence as to the foregoing, including, without limitation, a favorable opinion of counsel in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Manager Member, which expense shall be borne by the parties to such transaction (and to the extent the LLC is such a party, shall be paid from the Operating Allocation).
To the fullest extent permitted by law, any Transfer or issuance that violates the provisions of this Article V shall be null and void.
Section 5.7.Registration of LLC Interests. The LLC Interests constitute “securities,” as such term is defined in6 Del. C. § 8-102(15), governed by Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of Delaware(6 Del. C. § 8-101, et seq.). The LLC shall maintain a record of the ownership of LLC Interests which shall be set forth onSchedule A hereto (and which shall be amended from time to time to reflect transfers of ownership of LLC Interests in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement). Subject to restrictions on the transferability of LLC Interests as set forth herein, LLC Interests shall be transferred by delivery to the LLC of an instruction by the registered owner of an LLC Interest requesting registration of transfer of such LLC Interest and the recording of such transfer in the records of the LLC.
Section 5.8. Representation of Members. The Manager Member and each Non-Manager Member (including any Additional Non-Manager Member) hereby represents and warrants to the LLC and each other Member, and acknowledges (as applicable), that (a) it has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the LLC and making an informed investment decision with respect thereto, (b) it is able to bear the economic and financial risk of an investment in the LLC for an indefinite period of time, (c) it is acquiring an interest in the LLC for investment only and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any distribution to the public or public offering thereof, (d) the equity interests in the LLC have not been registered under the securities laws of any jurisdiction
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and cannot be disposed of unless they are subsequently registered and/or qualified under applicable securities laws and the provisions of this Agreement have been complied with, and (e) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, and of each other agreement referenced herein to which such Member is a party, by such Member have been duly authorized in all necessary respects, do not require it to obtain any consent or approval that has not been obtained and do not contravene or result in a default under any provision of any existing law or regulation applicable to it, any provision of its charter, by-laws or other governing documents or any agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it is bound, and this Agreement and each such other agreement referenced herein to which such Member is a party has been duly executed and delivered by such Member and is enforceable against such Member in accordance with its terms, except as enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability.
Section 5.9. Conversion of Series B LLC Interests.
(a) Each Series B LLC Unit automatically shall convert (“Convert”) into one Series A LLC Unit as follows:
(i) In the case of a Series B LLC Unit which is issued and outstanding as of the Effective Time, such Series B LLC Unit shall convert into one (1) Series A LLC Unit on the date which is five (5) years from the Effective Time;
(ii) In the case of a Series B LLC Unit which is sold and transferred to a Non-Manager Member pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.1 hereof, or which is sold and transferred to such Non-Manager Member pursuant to provisions of Section 5.5 hereof, such Series B LLC Unit shall convert into one (1) Series A LLC Unit on the date which is five (5) years from the date of such sale and transfer; and
(iii) In the case of a Series B LLC Unit which is purchased by the Manager Member (or its assignee) (whether pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.10 or otherwise), such Series B LLC Unit shall convert into one (1) Series A LLC Unit immediately following the consummation of such purchase by the Manager Member (or its assignee).
(b) In addition to the foregoing, each Series B LLC Unit which is held by a Non-Manager Member who (i) dies (or whose related Employee Stockholder dies, in the case of a Non-Manager Member which is not itself an Employee Stockholder), (ii) has his or her (or whose related Employee Stockholder has his or her, in the case of a Non-Manager Member which is not itself an Employee Stockholder) employment with the LLC terminate as a result of Permanent Incapacity, or (iii) is removed as a Member of the LLC pursuant to a Removal Upon the Instruction of the Management Committee, shall automatically immediately convert into one (1) Series A LLC Unit as of immediately prior to such event. In addition to the foregoing, each Series B LLC Unit which is held by a Non-Manager Member who is an Initial Member shall automatically immediately convert into one (1) Series A LLC Unit as of immediately following a delivery by the Manager Member of a written notice expressly exercising its rights pursuant to Section 3.2(b)(v) of this Agreement.
(c) In connection with any sale and transfer by the Manager Member (or any of its Affiliates) of Series A LLC Units to any Person, the Manager Member may determine in its sole discretion to convert such Series A LLC Units into an equal number of Series B LLC Units effective as of immediately prior to such sale and transfer.
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ARTICLE VI
TRANSFER OF LLC INTERESTS BY THE
MANAGER MEMBER; REDEMPTION, REMOVAL
AND WITHDRAWAL
Section 6.1. Transferability of Interest.
(a) Except as set forth in this Section 6.1, without the prior written approval of the Management Committee, (i) none of the Manager Member’s interest in the LLC (including, without limitation, any interest which has been Transferred to the Manager Member) may be Transferred and (ii) the LLC may not undergo any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of its assets or similar transaction (any of which transactions described in this clause (ii) shall also require the prior written consent of the Manager Member);provided,however, (W) it is understood and agreed that, in connection with the operation of the business of the Manager Member (including, without limitation, the financing of its interest herein and direct or indirect interests in additional investment management companies), the Manager Member’s interest in the LLC may be pledged and encumbered and lien holders of the Manager Member’s interest shall have and be able to exercise the rights of secured creditors with respect to such interest, (X) the Manager Member may Transfer some (but not a majority) of its LLC Interests to a Person who is not a Member but who is an Officer or employee of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) or who becomes an Officer or employee of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) or a Person majority owned by any such Person, (Y) the Manager Member may Transfer some (but not a majority) of its LLC Interests to existing Non-Manager Members, and (Z) the Manager Member may Transfer all or any portion of its LLC Interests to an Affiliate of the Manager Member (and any such Affiliate shall thereafter be bound by the provisions of this Agreement). Notwithstanding anything else set forth herein, the Manager Member may, with the approval of the Management Committee, Transfer all its interests in the LLC in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, and, in any such case, each of the Non-Manager Members shall be required to Transfer, in the same transaction or transactions, all their interests in the LLC, provided that the price to be received by all the Members shall be allocated among the Members in the same manner as the purchase price would have been distributed pursuant to Section 4.4 following a sale of all or a substantial portion of the assets of the LLC and its Controlled Affiliates (with any net gain or loss from such transaction first having been allocated among the Members in accordance with Section 4.2(e) or 4.2(f), as applicable).
(b) In the case of a Transfer upon foreclosure pursuant to proviso (W) of Section 6.1(a), each transferee shall sign a counterpart signature page to this Agreement agreeing thereby to become either a Non-Manager Member or the Manager Member (provided,however, that once one such other transferee elects to become the Manager Member, no transferee (other than a subsequent transferee of such new Manager Member) may elect to be a Manager Member hereunder. If the transferees pursuant to proviso (W) of Section 6.1(a) receive all of the Manager Member’s LLC Interests and none of such transferees elects to become the Manager Member, then the Manager Member shall be deemed to have withdrawn from the LLC. If, however, one of the transferees elects to become the Manager Member and executes a counterpart signature page to this Agreement agreeing thereby to become the Manager Member, then notwithstanding any other provision hereof to the contrary, the old Manager Member shall thereupon be permitted to withdraw from the LLC as Manager Member.
(c) In the case of a Transfer pursuant to proviso (Z) of Section 6.1(a), the old Manager Member shall be deemed to have withdrawn and its transferee shall be deemed to have become the new Manager Member hereunder.
Section 6.2. Resignation, Redemption, and Withdrawal. To the fullest extent permitted by law, except as set forth in Section 6.1, without the approval of the Management Committee, the Manager Member shall not have the right to resign or withdraw from the LLC as Manager Member. With the approval of the Management Committee, the Manager Member may resign or withdraw as Manager Member upon prior written notice to the LLC. Without a prior Majority Vote, the Manager Member shall have no right to have all or any portion of its
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interest in the LLC redeemed. Any resigned, withdrawn or removed Manager Member shall retain its interest in the capital of the LLC and its other economic rights under this Agreement as a Non-Manager Member having the number of LLC Units held by the Manager Member prior to its resignation, withdrawal or removal. If a Manager Member who has resigned, withdrawn or been removed no longer has any economic interest in the LLC, then upon such resignation, withdrawal or removal such Person shall cease to be a Member of the LLC.
ARTICLE VII
DISSOLUTION AND TERMINATION
Section 7.1. No Dissolution. The LLC shall not be dissolved by any admission of Additional Non-Manager Members, substitute Non-Manager Members or substitute Manager Members, or by the withdrawal, resignation or removal of any Member from the LLC.
Section 7.2. Events of Dissolution. The LLC shall be dissolved and its affairs wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) any date approved by the Management Committee and by the written consent of the Manager Member (in its sole discretion); or
(b) at any time there are no Members of the LLC, unless the LLC is continued in accordance with the Act; or
(c) upon the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under § 18-802 of the Act.
Section 7.3. Notice of Dissolution. Upon the dissolution of the LLC, the Manager Member shall promptly notify the other Members of such dissolution.
Section 7.4.Liquidation. Upon the dissolution of the LLC, the Manager Member, or if there is none, a Person or Persons approved by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the LLC Units then outstanding (including those held by the Person that was the Manager Member) shall carry out the winding up of the LLC (in such capacity, the “Liquidating Trustee”), and shall immediately commence to wind up the LLC’s affairs;provided,however, that a reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the LLC and the satisfaction of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Members to minimize the normal losses attendant upon a liquidation. The Members shall continue to share in allocations and distributions during liquidation in the same proportions, as specified in Article IV hereof, as before liquidation. The proceeds of liquidation shall be distributed as set forth in Section 4.4 hereof.
Section 7.5. Termination. The LLC shall terminate when all of the assets of the LLC, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the LLC, shall have been distributed to the Members in the manner provided for in Section 4.4 and the Certificate shall have been canceled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 7.6. Claims of the Members. The Members and former Members shall look solely to the LLC’s assets for the return of their Capital Contributions and Capital Accounts, and if the assets of the LLC remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the LLC are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions or Capital Accounts, the Members and former Members shall have no recourse against the LLC or any other Member (including, without limitation, the Manager Member).
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ARTICLE VIII
RECORDS AND REPORTS
Section 8.1. Books and Records. The Management Committee shall (and each of the Non-Manager Members and Employee Stockholders shall use its reasonable best efforts to) cause the LLC to keep complete and accurate books of account with respect to the operations of the LLC, prepared in accordance with GAAP (using the accrual method of accounting, consistently applied). Such books shall reflect that the interests in the LLC have not been registered under the Securities Act, and that the interests may not be sold or transferred without registration under the Securities Act or exemption therefrom and without compliance with Article V or Article VI of this Agreement. Such books shall be maintained at the principal office of the LLC in Chicago, Illinois or at such other place as the Manager Member shall determine.
Section 8.2. Accounting. The LLC’s books of account shall be kept on the accrual method of accounting, or on such other method of accounting as the Manager Member may from time to time determine with the advice of the Independent Public Accountants, and shall be closed and balanced at the end of each LLC fiscal year and shall be maintained for each fiscal year in a manner consistent with GAAP and with the principles and/or policies of the Manager Member applied consistently with respect to its Controlled Affiliates. The taxable year of the LLC shall be the twelve months ending December 31, or such other taxable year as the Manager Member may designate with the advice of the Independent Public Accountants.
Section 8.3. Financial and Compliance Reports. The Management Committee shall (and each of the Non-Manager Members and Employee Stockholders shall use its reasonable best efforts to) cause the LLC to furnish to the Manager Member each of the following:
(a) Within ten (10) days after the end of each month and each fiscal quarter, information regarding the consolidated assets under management of the LLC and any Controlled Affiliates thereof (including the components of any changes from the information provided with respect to the prior period, information regarding net client cash flows and information regarding market appreciation and depreciation in client portfolios), and an unaudited financial report of the LLC (consolidated with any Controlled Affiliates thereof) prepared in accordance with GAAP using the accrual method of accounting consistently applied (except that the financial report may (i) be subject to normal year-end audit adjustments which are neither individually nor in the aggregate material and (ii) not contain all notes thereto which may be required in accordance with GAAP to be included in audited financial statements), which unaudited financial report shall have been certified by the most senior financial officer of the LLC to have been so prepared and shall include the following:
(i) statements of operations, changes in members’ capital and cash flows for such month or quarter, together with a cumulative income statement from the first day of the then-current fiscal year to the last day of such month or quarter;
(ii) a balance sheet as of the last day of such month or quarter; and
(iii) with respect to the quarterly financial report, a detailed computation of the Owners’ Allocation for such quarter.
(b) Within thirty (30) days after the end of each fiscal year of the LLC, audited financial statements of the LLC (consolidated with any Controlled Affiliates thereof), which shall include statements of operations, changes in members’ capital and cash flows for such year and a balance sheet as of the last day thereof, each prepared in accordance with GAAP, using the accrual method of accounting, consistently applied, certified by the Independent Public Accountants.
(c) If requested by the Manager Member, within twenty-five (25) days after the end of each calendar quarter, the LLC’s (and any Controlled Affiliates’ thereof) operating budget for each of the next four (4) fiscal quarters, in such form and containing such estimates as may be requested by the Manager Member from time to time, certified by the most senior financial officer of the LLC.
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(d) If requested by the Manager Member, copies of all financial statements, reports, notices, press releases and other documents released to the public during such period.
(e) As promptly as is reasonably possible following request by the Manager Member from time to time, such other financial, operations, performance or other information or data as may be requested.
Section 8.4. Meetings.
(a) The Management Committee and the Officers shall hold such regular meetings at the LLC’s principal place of business with representatives of the Manager Member as may be reasonably requested by the Manager Member from time to time. These meetings shall be attended (either in person or by telephone) by such members of the Management Committee, Officers and other employees of the LLC as may be requested by the Manager Member or any of the members of the Management Committee.
(b) At each meeting described in Section 8.4(a), the Officers and other employees of the LLC shall discuss such matters regarding the LLC and its performance, operations and/or budgets as may be reasonably requested by the Manager Member, and each of the attendees (whether in person or by telephone) at such meeting shall have the right to submit proposals and suggestions regarding the LLC, and the attendees at the meeting shall, in good faith, discuss and consider such proposals and suggestions.
Section 8.5. Tax Matters.
(a) The Manager Member shall cause to be prepared and filed on or before the due date (or any extension thereof) federal, state, local and foreign tax or information returns required to be filed by the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof). The Manager Member, to the extent that funds are available at the LLC (or at any Controlled Affiliates thereof), shall cause the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate thereof) to pay any taxes payable by the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate) (it being understood that the expenses of preparation and filing of such tax returns, and the amounts of such taxes, are to be treated as operating expenses of the LLC to be paid from the Operating Allocation), provided that the Manager Member shall not be required to cause the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) to pay any tax so long as the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate thereof) is in good faith and by appropriate legal proceedings contesting the validity, applicability or amount thereof and such contest does not materially endanger any right or interest of the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate) and adequate reserves therefor have been set aside by the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate). Neither the LLC nor any Employee Stockholder or Non-Manager Member shall do anything or take any action which would be inconsistent with the foregoing or with the Manager Member’s actions as authorized by the foregoing provisions of this Section 8.5(a).
(b) The Manager Member shall be the tax matters partner for the LLC pursuant to Sections 6221 through 6233 of the Code.
(c) The Manager Member shall, in its sole discretion, make or cause to be made by the LLC (and any Controlled Affiliates thereof) any and all elections for federal, state, local and foreign tax matters, including any election to adjust the basis of the LLC’s (or a Controlled Affiliate’s) property pursuant to Sections 734(b), 743(b) and 754 of the Code or comparable provisions of state, local or foreign law.
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ARTICLE IX
LIABILITY, EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 9.1. Liability. Except as otherwise provided by the Act, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the LLC (or of any Controlled Affiliate thereof), whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the LLC (or such Controlled Affiliate), and no Covered Person shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) solely by reason of being a Covered Person.
Section 9.2. Exculpation.
(a) No Covered Person shall be liable to the LLC, any Controlled Affiliate thereof or any other Covered Person for any loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Covered Person in good faith on behalf of the LLC or any Controlled Affiliate thereof and in a manner reasonably believed to be within the scope of authority conferred on such Covered Person by this Agreement, except that a Covered Person shall be liable for any such loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of any action or inaction of such Covered Person which constituted fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or a breach of this Agreement or the Purchase Agreement.
(b) A Covered Person shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the LLC (or of any Controlled Affiliate thereof) and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Covered Person by any Person as to matters the Covered Person reasonably believes are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof).
Section 9.3. Fiduciary Duty.
(a) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the LLC, any Controlled Affiliate thereof or any Member, a Covered Person acting under this Agreement shall not be liable to the LLC, any Controlled Affiliate thereof or any Member for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the parties hereto to replace such other duties and liabilities of such Covered Person.
(b) Unless otherwise expressly provided herein, whenever a conflict of interest exists or arises between the Manager Member and any other Member or the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) (other than in the case of any action permitted to be taken by the Manager Member in its “discretion” or “sole discretion”, with respect to which this sentence shall not be applicable)), the Manager Member shall resolve such conflict of interest considering the relative interests of each party (including its own interest) to such conflict and the benefits and burdens relating to such interests, any customary or accepted industry practices, and any applicable generally accepted accounting practices or principles. A resolution reached by the Manager Member of a conflict of interest described in the preceding sentence shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or any other agreement contemplated herein or of any duty or obligation of the Manager Member at law or in equity or otherwise unless the Managing Member did not act in good faith.
(c) Whenever in this Agreement the Manager Member is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its “discretion” or “sole discretion” or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, the Manager Member shall be entitled to consider such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and to reach any decision it may select regardless of the reasons therefor, or (ii) in its “good faith” or under another express standard, the Manager Member shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standard imposed by this Agreement or other applicable law.
(d) Wherever in this Agreement a factual determination is called for and the applicable provision of this Agreement does not indicate what party or parties are to make the applicable factual determination, and/or the applicable standard to be used in making the factual determination, such determination shall be made by the Manager Member in the exercise of reasonable discretion.
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Section 9.4. Indemnification. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, a Covered Person shall be entitled to indemnification from the LLC for any loss, damage or claim (including any amounts paid in settlement of any such claims) including expenses, fines, penalties and counsel fees and expenses incurred by such Covered Person (“Losses”) by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Covered Person in good faith on behalf of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof) and in a manner reasonably believed to be within the scope of authority conferred on such Covered Person by this Agreement, except that no Covered Person shall be entitled to be indemnified in respect of any Losses incurred by such Covered Person by reason of any action or inaction of such Covered Person which constituted fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or a breach of this Agreement or the Purchase Agreement;provided,however, that any indemnity under this Section 9.4 shall be provided out of and to the extent of LLC assets only, and no Member or Covered Person shall have any personal liability to provide indemnity on account thereof.
Section 9.5. Notice; Opportunity to Defend and Expenses.
(a) Promptly after receipt by any Covered Person from any third party of notice of any demand, claim or circumstance that, immediately or with the lapse of time, would reasonably be expected to give rise to a claim or the commencement (or threatened commencement) of any action, proceeding or investigation (an “Asserted Liability”) that could reasonably be expected to result in any Losses with respect to which the Covered Person might be entitled to indemnification from the LLC under Section 9.4, the Covered Person shall give written notice thereof (the “Claims Notice”) to the Management Committee and the Manager Member;provided,however, that a failure to give such notice shall not prejudice the Covered Person’s right to indemnification hereunder except to the extent that the LLC, a Controlled Affiliate thereof or the Manager Member is actually prejudiced thereby. The Claims Notice shall describe the Asserted Liability in such reasonable detail as is practicable under the circumstances, and shall, to the extent practicable under the circumstances, indicate the amount (estimated, if necessary) of the Loss that has been or may be suffered by the Covered Person.
(b) The LLC may elect to compromise or defend, at its own expense and by its own counsel, any Asserted Liability;provided,however, that if the named parties to any action or proceeding include (or could reasonably be expected to include) both the LLC (or a Controlled Affiliate thereof) and a Covered Person, or more than one Covered Persons, and the LLC is advised by counsel that representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct, the Covered Person may engage separate counsel at the expense of the LLC. If the LLC elects to compromise or defend such Asserted Liability, it shall within twenty (20) business days (or sooner, if the nature of the Asserted Liability so requires) notify the Covered Person of its intent to do so, and the Covered Person shall cooperate, at the expense of the LLC, in the compromise of, or defense against, such Asserted Liability. If the LLC elects not to compromise or defend the Asserted Liability, fails to notify the Covered Person of its election as herein provided, contests its obligation to provide indemnification under this Agreement, or fails to make or ceases making a good faith and diligent defense, the Covered Person may pay, compromise or defend such Asserted Liability all at the expense of the Covered Person (in accordance with the provisions of Section 9.5(c) below). Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, neither the LLC nor the Covered Person may settle or compromise any claim over the objection of the LLC or the Manager Member;provided,however, that consent to settlement or compromise shall not be unreasonably withheld. In any event, the LLC and the Covered Person may participate at their own expense, in the defense of such Asserted Liability. The Covered Person shall in any event make available to the LLC any books, records or other documents within its control that are necessary or appropriate for such defense, all at the expense of the LLC.
(c) If the LLC elects not to compromise or defend an Asserted Liability, or fails to notify the Covered Person of its election as above provided, then, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, expenses (including legal fees) incurred by a Covered Person in defending any Asserted Liability, shall, from time to time, be advanced by the LLC prior to the final disposition of such claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding upon receipt by the LLC of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Covered Person to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized in Section 9.4
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hereof. The LLC may, if the Manager Member deems it appropriate, require any Covered Person for whom expenses are advanced to deliver adequate security to the LLC for his or her obligation to repay such indemnification.
Section 9.6. Miscellaneous.
(a) The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of, and shall not affect, any other rights to which a Covered Person may be entitled at law, under other agreements or otherwise. Nothing contained in this Article X shall limit any lawful rights to indemnification existing independently of this Article X.
(b) The indemnification rights provided by this Article X shall also inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns of a Covered Person and any officers, directors, members, partners, shareholders, employees and Affiliates of such Covered Person (and any former officer, director, member, partner, shareholder or employee of such Covered Person, if the Loss was incurred while such Person was an officer, director, member, partner, shareholder or employee of such Covered Person). The Manager Member (or the Management Committee with the consent of the Manager Member, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) may extend the indemnification called for by Section 9.4 to non-employee agents of the LLC (or any Controlled Affiliate thereof), the Manager Member or its Affiliates.
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 10.1. Notices. All notices, requests, elections, consents or demands permitted or required to be made under this Agreement (“Notices”) shall be in writing, signed by the Person or Persons giving such notice, request, election, consent or demand and shall be delivered personally or by confirmed facsimile, or sent by registered, certified mail or commercial courier to the Members at their addresses set forth on the signature pages hereof or onSchedule A hereto, or to the LLC as described in the next sentence (as applicable), or at such other addresses as may be supplied by written notice given in conformity with the terms of this Section 10.1. All Notices to the LLC shall be made to the Manager Member at the address set forth on the signature pages hereof or onSchedule A hereto, with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to the Management Committee at the principal offices of the LLC. The date of any such personal or facsimile delivery, or the date of delivery by an overnight courier, or the date five (5) days after the date of mailing by registered or certified mail, as applicable, shall be the date of such notice having been delivered hereunder.
Section 10.2. Successors and Assigns. Subject to the restrictions on Transfer set forth herein, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the Members, their respective successors, successors-in-title, heirs and assigns, and each and every successors-in-interest to any Member, whether such successor acquires such interest by way of gift, purchase, foreclosure or by any other method, and each shall hold such interest subject to all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
Section 10.3. Amendments. No amendments may be made to this Agreement without (i) the prior written consent of the Manager Member and (ii) the approval of the Management Committee;provided,however, that, without the vote, consent or approval of any other Member, the Manager Member shall make such amendments and additions toSchedule A hereto as are required by the provisions hereof; and,provided further, that, without the vote, consent or approval of any other Member, the Manager Member may amend this Agreement to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision hereof which is incomplete or inconsistent with any other provision hereof, or correct any printing, stenographic or clerical errors or omissions. If the Manager Member shall make any amendments or additions toSchedule A hereto or to this Agreement without the vote, consent or approval of any other Member (as provided for in the preceding sentence), it shall notify the Management Committee of such change and provide the Management Committee with a copy thereof.
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Section 10.4.No Partition. No Member, nor any successor-in-interest to any Member, shall have the right while this Agreement remains in effect to have the property of the LLC partitioned, or to file a complaint or institute any proceeding at law or in equity to have the property of the LLC partitioned, and each Member, on behalf of itself, its successors, representatives, heirs and assigns, hereby waives any such right. It is the intent of the Members that during the term of this Agreement, the rights of the Members and the Employee Stockholders, and their respective successors-in-interest, as among themselves, shall be governed by the terms of this Agreement, and that the right of any Member or successors-in-interest to assign, Transfer, sell or otherwise dispose of his interest in the LLC shall be subject to the limitations and restrictions of this Agreement.
Section 10.5.No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies. The failure of any Member to insist upon strict performance of a covenant hereunder or of any obligation hereunder, irrespective of the length of time for which such failure continues, shall not be a waiver of such Member’s right to demand strict compliance in the future. No consent or waiver, express or implied, to or of any breach or default in the performance of any obligation hereunder, shall constitute a consent or waiver to or of any other breach or default in the performance of the same or any other obligation hereunder. The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by law, statute, ordinance or otherwise.
Section 10.6.Dispute Resolution. All disputes arising in connection with this Agreement shall be resolved by binding arbitration in accordance with the applicable rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be held in the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York before a single arbitrator selected in accordance with Section 11 of the American Arbitration Association Commercial Arbitration Rules who shall have substantial business experience in the investment advisory industry, and shall otherwise be conducted in accordance with the American Arbitration Association Commercial Arbitration Rules. The parties covenant that they will participate in the arbitration in good faith and that they will share equally its costs except as otherwise provided herein. The provisions of this Section 10.6 shall be enforceable in any court of competent jurisdiction, and the parties shall bear their own costs in the event of any proceeding to enforce this Agreement except as otherwise provided herein. The arbitrator shall assess costs and expenses (including the reasonable legal fees and expenses of the prevailing party or parties and any expenses incurred in connection with compelling arbitration) in favor of the prevailing party or parties against the other party or parties to such proceeding. Any party unsuccessfully refusing to comply with an order of the arbitrators shall be liable for costs and expenses, including attorney’s fees, incurred by the other party in enforcing the award.
Section 10.7.Prior Agreements Superseded. This Agreement, together with the schedules and exhibits hereto, supersedes the prior understandings and agreements among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
Section 10.8.Captions. Titles or captions of Articles or Sections contained in this Agreement are inserted as a matter of convenience and for reference, and in no way define, limit, extend or describe the scope of this Agreement or the intent of any provision hereof.
Section 10.9.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in a number of counterparts, all of which together shall for all purposes constitute one Agreement, binding on all the Members notwithstanding that all Members have not signed the same counterpart.
Section 10.10.Applicable Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be governed by and interpreted, construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without applying the choice of law or conflicts of law provisions thereof. Each of the parties hereby consents to personal jurisdiction, service of process and venue in the federal or state courts sitting in the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York for any claim, suit or proceeding arising under this Agreement to enforce any arbitration award or obtain equitable relief and hereby irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such
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action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such state court or, to the extent permitted by law, in such federal court (subject to the provisions of Section 10.6 hereof). To the extent permitted by law, each of the parties hereby irrevocably consents to the service of process in any such action or proceeding by the mailing by certified mail of copies of any service or copies of the summons and complaint and any other process to such party at the address specified in Section 10.1 hereof. The parties agree that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions.
Section 10.11.Interpretation. All terms herein using the singular shall include the plural; all terms using the plural shall include the singular; in each case, the term shall be as appropriate to the context of each sentence. Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine and neuter, whichever shall be applicable. Any reference to the Code, the Act or other statutes or laws will include all amendments, modifications, or replacements of the specific sections and provisions concerned. The parties intend that this Agreement and the provisions contained herein shall not be construed or interpreted for or against any party hereto because that party drafted or caused that party’s legal representative to draft any of its provisions.
Section 10.12.Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any particular provision of this Agreement shall not affect the other provisions hereof, and this Agreement shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision were omitted.
Section 10.13.Creditors. None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of or, to the extent permitted by law, enforceable by any creditor of (i) any Member, (ii) any Employee Stockholder or (iii) the LLC, other than a Member who is also a creditor of the LLC.
Section 10.14.References to This Agreement. Numbered or lettered articles, sections and subsections herein contained refer to articles, sections and subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise expressly stated. References to paragraphs refer to paragraphs in the same Section unless otherwise expressly stated. References to clauses refer to clauses in the same paragraph unless otherwise expressly stated.
Section 10.15.Exhibits, Schedules and Annexes. All Exhibits, Schedules and Annexes attached to this Agreement are incorporated and shall be treated as if set forth herein. Only the Manager Member and the members of the Management Committee shall have the right to reviewSchedule A hereto, and each of the Non-Manager Members and Employee Stockholders (in his or her capacity as a Non-Manager Member or Employee Stockholder, as applicable) expressly waives his or her rights under the Act (including without limitation under Section 18-315 thereof) to reviewSchedule A hereto (and acknowledges and agrees that such waiver is reasonable in light of the interests of the LLC and its Members). Each Non-Manager Member shall have the right to receive a copy of this Agreement and the Exhibits, Schedules and Annexes attached hereto, provided thatSchedule A will be redacted as to names, LLC Units, Capital Contributions, and other financial information of the other Members, and such Non-Manager Member shall have the right to review only that information regarding such Non-Manager Member’s own LLC Units, Capital Contribution, as well as the total number of outstanding LLC Units and the total amount of capital contributed by the Members in the aggregate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Management Committee may in its sole discretion furnish to any one or more Non-Manager Members (and to the exclusion of any one or more other Non-Manager Members) such additional information relating toSchedule A as the Management Committee (in its sole discretion) determines from time to time.
Section 10.16.Additional Documents and Acts. Each Non-Manager Member and Employee Stockholder agrees to execute and deliver such additional documents and instruments and to perform such additional acts as may be reasonably requested by the Manager Member to effectuate, carry out and perform all of the terms, provisions, and conditions of this Agreement and the actions contemplated hereby.
[INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Initial Non-Manager Members and the Manager Member have executed and delivered this Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
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MANAGER MEMBER: |
HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC |
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By: | | /s/ RICHARD S. FOOTE |
Name: | | Richard S. Foote |
Title: | | President and Chief Executive Offer |
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Address |
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000 |
Denver, Colorado 80202 |
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NON-MANAGER MEMBERS: |
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| | /s/ STUART BILTON |
| | Stuart Bilton |
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| | /s/ KENNETH C. ANDERSON |
| | Kenneth C. Anderson |
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| | /s/ GERALD DILLENBURG |
| | Gerald Dillenburg |
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| | /s/ CHRISTINE R. DRAGON |
| | Christine R. Dragon |
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| | /s/ JOSEPH HAYS |
| | Joseph Hays |
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| | /s/ BETSY HEABERG |
| | Betsy Heaberg |
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| | /s/ DAVID ROBINOW |
| | David Robinow |
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| | /s/ JOHN ROUSE |
| | John Rouse |
[Signature Page to Limited Liability Company Agreement]
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EXHIBIT A
PROMISSORY NOTE
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned (“Borrower”) hereby promises to pay to the order of (“Payee”), the principal sum of Dollars ($ ) (the “Principal Amount”), plus simple interest accruing on the unpaid portion of the Principal Amount from the date hereof until the Maturity Date (as defined below) at the rate of percent ( %) per annum1 (computed on the basis of a 365-day year).
1. Payment. The Principal Amount and all interest accrued thereon shall be payable from Borrower to Payee in four equal annual installments, with the first installment to be paid on , and each anniversary thereof and all accrued and unpaid interest shall be due and payable on the payment date of the fourth installment of the Principal Amount (the “Maturity Date”). Payments of principal and interest shall be made in legal tender of the United States of America and shall be made at such place as Payee shall have designated to Borrower. If the date set for any payment of principal on this Promissory Note is a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, then such payment shall be due on the next succeeding business day.
2. Prepayments. The Principal Amount may be prepaid at any time, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty.
3. Events of Default. The occurrence of any one or more of the following events, acts or occurrences shall constitute an event of default (an “Event of Default”) hereunder: (a) Borrower shall fail to pay on the Maturity Date or when otherwise due any principal or any interest outstanding under this Promissory Note or (b) the filing by Borrower of a voluntary petition in bankruptcy; the commencement of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding against Borrower (unless stayed or dismissed within forty-five (45) days); the filing by Borrower of an assignment for the benefit of creditors; or the attachment, executing or judicial seizure, whether by enforcement of money judgment, writ or warrant of attachment or any other process, of all or substantially all of the assets of Borrower which is not released within sixty (60) days after such action.
4. Acceleration. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, Payee may accelerate this Promissory Note and declare the entire unpaid principal amount (including all accrued and unpaid interest) of this Promissory Note to be immediately due and payable and, thereupon, the unpaid principal amount (including all accrued and unpaid interest) shall become and be immediately due and payable, without notice of default, presentment or demand for payment, protest or notice of nonpayment or dishonor, or other notices or demands of any kind (all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower). Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default described in (b) above, this Promissory Note shall automatically accelerate and the entire unpaid principal amount (including all accrued and unpaid interest) of this Promissory Note shall be immediately due and payable, without notice of default, presentment or demand for payment, protest or notice of nonpayment or dishonor, or other notices or demands of any kind (all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower). The failure of Payee to accelerate this Promissory Note shall not constitute a waiver of any of Payee’s rights under this Promissory Note as long as Borrower’s default under this Promissory Note continues.
5. Choice of Law. The provisions of this Promissory Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the conflicts of law rules thereof.
6. Assignment. In the event of any transfer or assignment of this Promissory Note by the Payee, the rights and privileges conferred upon Payee shall automatically extend to and be vested in such assignee or transferee,
1 | Interest rate to be the prime rate of interest on the date of issuance of the promissory note. |
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all subject to the terms and conditions hereof. Borrower’s obligations, rights or any interest hereunder may not be delegated or assigned without the written consent of Payee.
7. Notice. The giving of any notice required hereunder may be waived in writing by the party entitled to receive such notice. Every notice, demand, request, or other communication hereunder shall be deemed to have been duly given or served on the date on which personally delivered, with receipt acknowledged, telecopied and confirmed by telecopy answer back, or three (3) business days after the same shall have been deposited with the United States mail, in each case to the appropriate address and telecopier number set forth below (or to such other address and telecopier number as a party may designate by written notice to the other party):
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If to Borrower: |
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Attention: |
Telecopier: |
Telephone: |
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If to Payee: |
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Attention: |
Telecopier: |
Telephone: |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Promissory Note has been duly executed and delivered by Borrower on the date first above written.
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SCHEDULE A
| | | | | | | |
Member | | Series A LLC Units | | Series B LLC Units | | Capital Contribution |
Highbury Financial Inc. | | 650.0 | | | | $ | 10.00 |
Stuart Bilton | | | | 130.0 | | | |
Kenneth C. Anderson | | | | 100.0 | | | |
Gerald Dillenburg | | | | 50.0 | | | |
Christine R. Dragon | | | | 20.0 | | | |
Joseph Hays | | | | 12.5 | | | |
Betsy Heaberg | | | | 12.5 | | | |
David Robinow | | | | 12.5 | | | |
John Rouse | | | | 12.5 | | | |
TOTAL OUTSTANDING | | 650.0 | | 350.0 | | | |
Each of the above individuals can be contacted and receive notices at:
Stuart Bilton
72 Brinker Road
Barrington, IL 60010
Kenneth C. Anderson
211 East Eighth Street
Hinsdale, IL 60521
Gerald Dillenburg
2526 West Pensacola Ave.
Chicago, IL 60618
Christine R. Dragon
3329 South Parnell Ave.
Chicago, IL 60616
Joseph Hays
419 Kennebec Road
Cherry Hill, NJ 08002
Betsy Heaberg
102 Bridgewater Dr.
Peachtree City, GA 30269
David Robinow
28 Staghound Passage
Corte Madera, CA 94925
John Rouse
714 Glen Echo
Houston, TX 77024
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SCHEDULE B
Retirement
| | |
Employee Stockholder | | Years of Continued Employment |
Stuart Bilton | | 7 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | | 20 |
Gerald Dillenburg | | 23 |
Christine R. Dragon | | 26 |
Joseph Hays | | 22 |
Betsy Heaberg | | 14 |
David Robinow | | 21 |
John Rouse | | 15 |
H-53
ANNEX I
ADMINISTRATIVE, COMPLIANCE AND MARKETING
SERVICES AGREEMENT
This Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made as of the Effective Date, between ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“AAAMI”), and Aston Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Aston”) is dated as of this 1st day of September, 2006. AAAMI and Aston are sometimes individually referred to as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties”.
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
AAAMI, certain of its affiliates and Aston entered into that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) dated as of April 21, 2006 (the “Effective Date”), pursuant to which the Sellers, including AAAMI, agreed to sell, assign, transfer, convey and deliver to Aston and Aston agreed to purchase and acquire from the Sellers, including AAAMI, the certain assets, including those assets set forth on Schedule 2.7 to the Purchase Agreement, previously used by AAAMI and the other Sellers in the conduct of their United States mutual fund business.
Notwithstanding the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, AAAMI continues to serve as investment advisor to the funds listed onSchedule A hereto (the “Covered Funds”).
In order to permit AAAMI to continue to fulfill its duties as investment advisor to the Covered Funds, notwithstanding the transfer of certain assets to Aston which are required for the performance of such duties, AAAMI desires to receive certain services from Aston and Aston is willing to provide such services to AAAMI pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
AGREEMENT
The Parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
AGREEMENT TO PROVIDE AND ACCEPT SERVICES
1.1. SERVICES
On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, Aston agrees to provide to AAAMI all of the services and support functions of the types listed onSchedule B to this Agreement (collectively, “Services”).
ARTICLE 2
AGREEMENTS RELATING TO SERVICES
2.1. SCOPE OF SERVICES
Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, Aston shall be required to perform the Services in a manner that is substantially similar to the manner in which such Services were performed
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with respect to the Covered Funds before the Effective Date, including with respect to level of service, priority of service, timeliness, quality and other relevant standards. AAAMI shall use such Services for substantially the same purposes and in substantially the same manner as it used such Services with respect to the Covered Funds before the Effective Date.
2.2. PERSONNEL RESOURCES
(a) All employees and agents of Aston involved in providing Services to Aston pursuant to this Agreement (the “Service Personnel”) shall be under the exclusive authority and control of Aston and AAAMI shall not have any authority or responsibility with respect to any such employee or agent. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Parties agree and acknowledge that Aston shall not be required to (i) maintain any specific employees or consultants for the purposes of performing any of the Services, (ii) add computing capacity in order to perform any such Services or (iii) undertake any other extraordinary expenditures in order to provide any such Services.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, Aston agrees that it shall at all times during the term of this agreement provide (i) one full time employee equivalent for servicing customers of the Covered Funds and (ii) approximately two full-time employee equivalents to provide compliance and operations services for the Covered Funds and (iii) maintain a level and quality of operational and compliance support to the Covered Funds that is (a) at least equivalent to the level and quality currently provided by ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services Inc. and (b) meets or exceeds all operational and compliance requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and all operational and compliance requirements of the SEC for the Covered Funds.
(c) Aston will provide AAAMI written notice of (i) any recommendation by the Trustees of the Aston Funds to change Administrator or Custodian of the Covered Funds, (ii) any change in the employee(s) who provide customer service for the Covered Funds or (iii) any change in the Chief Compliance Officer of Aston and to the extent practicable will inform AAAMI in advance of any such recommendation or changes.
2.3. ACCESS
AAAMI shall make available on a timely basis to Aston all information and materials reasonably requested by Aston to enable it to provide Services. AAAMI shall provide to Aston reasonable access to AAAMI’s premises during normal business hours and upon advance written notice to the extent necessary for the purpose of providing the Services.
2.4. COOPERATION
The Parties shall use their best efforts to reasonably cooperate with each other in all matters relating to the provision and receipt of Services. Such cooperation shall include both Parties using their best efforts to obtain any consents, licenses or approvals necessary to permit each such Party to perform its obligations under this Agreement. If either Party believes any such consent, license or approval is necessary, it shall promptly advise the other Party in writing and the Parties shall share equally any fees or expenses required to be paid to obtain any such consent, license or approval.
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2.5. INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR STATUS
Aston shall act under this Agreement solely as an independent contractor and not as an agent of AAAMI. This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create any joint venture or partnership between the Parties hereto, and merely establishes an independent contractor relationship (and not an employee-employer or other fiduciary relationship) between the Parties hereto.
ARTICLE 3
PAYMENT FOR SERVICES
AAAMI agrees to pay Aston a monthly fee, in cash, equal to $45,833.33 plus 1/12th of .01% of the amount, if any, by which the Covered Fund’s average daily assets under management for such month exceeds $3 billion; provided, that if the assets under management in the Covered Funds ever exceed $15 billion for a consecutive 90 day period, AAAMI and Aston will renegotiate the fee. The fee will be due and payable in arrears, not more than fifteen days after the end of the applicable month.
ARTICLE 4
CONFIDENTIALITY
Each Party shall keep confidential any information relating to the other party’s business (“Confidential Information”). Confidential Information shall include (a) any data or information that is competitively sensitive material, and not generally known to the public, including, but not limited to, information about product plans, marketing strategies, finances, operations, customer relationships, customer profiles, customer lists, sales estimates, business plans, and internal performance results relating to the past, present or future business activities of AAAMI or Aston, their respective subsidiaries and affiliated companies and the customers, clients and suppliers of any of them; (b) any scientific or technical information, design, process, procedure, formula, or improvement that is commercially valuable and secret in the sense that its confidentiality affords AAAMI or Aston a competitive advantage over its competitors; (c) all confidential or proprietary concepts, documentation, reports, data, specifications, computer software, source code, object code, flow charts, databases, inventions, know-how, and trade secrets, whether or not patentable or copyrightable; and (d) anything designated as confidential. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information shall not be subject to such confidentiality obligations if it: (a) is already known to the receiving Party at the time it is obtained; (b) is or becomes publicly known or available through no wrongful act of the receiving Party; (c) is rightfully received from a third party who, to the best of the receiving Party’s knowledge, is not under a duty of confidentiality; (d) is released by the protected Party to a third party without restriction; (e) is required to be disclosed by the receiving Party pursuant to a requirement of a court order, subpoena, governmental or regulatory agency or law (provided the receiving Party will provide the other party written notice of such requirement, to the extent such notice is permitted); (f) is relevant to the defense of any claim or cause of action asserted against the receiving Party; or (g) has been or is independently developed or obtained by the receiving Party. Upon termination of this Agreement, Aston agrees to return to AAAMI all Confidential Information (and written or electronic manifestations thereof) relating to the Covered Funds delivered or provided to it in connection herewith as well
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as any other records and materials that are necessary to manage the business and service the accounts.
ARTICLE 5
WARRANTIES; INDEMNITY; LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
5.1. WARRANTIES
Aston warrants that the Services shall conform to the service descriptions set forth in this Agreement (includingSchedule B) and that Aston shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to perform the Services in the manner and quality substantially similar to the services provided with respect to the Covered Funds immediately prior to the Effective Date, except to the extent such Services are changed as requested or directed by AAAMI. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION 5, ASTON HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE SERVICES AND THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
5.2. INDEMNITYAAAMI Indemnity. AAAMI shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless Aston and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates (each as defined in the Purchase Agreement, and including, without limitation, their respective officers, directors, employees, shareholders, and agents) (each, an “Aston Party”) from and against any and all liabilities, damages, losses, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs of collection and reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or resulting from any third-party demand, claim, lawsuit or other cause of action brought by a third-party against any Aston Party as a result of or in connection with the Services rendered after the date hereof by any Aston Party or the right of access provided pursuant to this Agreement, provided that no Aston Party shall be entitled to indemnification in respect of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct, or to the extent AAAMI is entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 5.2(b) below. Nothing herein shall serve to limit or effect Aston’s warranty to AAAMI as set forth in Section 5.1 above.
(b)Aston Indemnity. Aston shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless AAAMI and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates (including, without limitation, their respective officers, directors, employees, shareholders, and agents) (each, a “AAAMI Party”) from and against any and all liabilities, damages, losses, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs of collection and reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or resulting from any third-party demand, claim, lawsuit or other cause of action brought by a third-party against any AAAMI Party as a result of or in connection with (i) the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any employee of Aston or (ii) any violation of federal, state or local laws, rules or regulations by Aston in the provision of the Services hereunder.
(c) The indemnification provided for herein shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: (i) the Party claiming indemnification (“Indemnified Party”) must notify the other Party (“Indemnifying Party”) promptly in writing of any notice of the claim subject to indemnification; provided, however, that no failure by an Indemnified Party to provide prompt
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notice shall diminish the Indemnifying Party’s indemnification obligation hereunder, except and to the extent the Indemnifying Party is prejudiced by such delay; (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall have sole control over such defense and all negotiations for the settlement and compromise of such claim; (iii) for so long as the Indemnifying Party is diligently conducting such defense, it shall not be liable for any attorneys’ fees of the Indemnified Party; and (iv) the Indemnified Party shall cooperate with the Indemnifying Party in the defense and settlement of any such claim provided that the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable hereunder for any settlement or compromise negotiated by the Indemnified Party unless the Indemnifying Party agrees in writing to be so bound. If the Indemnified Party provides notice of a claim in accordance with clause (i) above and is not notified within 10 days thereafter that the Indemnifying Party intends to defend the claim, the Indemnified Party shall be entitled to defend such claim, and settle or compromise such claim, subject to the indemnification provided for herein.
5.3. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR INJURY TO THE GOODWILL IN CONNECTION WITH ANY PERFORMANCE, MISFEASANCE OR NONFEASANCE HEREUNDER.
ARTICLE 6
FORCE MAJEURE
Aston shall not be liable for any interruption of Services or delay or failure to perform under this Agreement if such interruption, delay or failure results from causes beyond its reasonable control, including any strikes, lockouts or other labor difficulties, acts of any government, war, terrorism, riot, insurrection or other hostilities, embargo, fuel or energy shortage, fire, flood, lightning, earthquake, storm, hurricane, tornado, explosion, acts of God, wrecks or transportation delays. In any such event, Aston’s obligations hereunder (and AAAMI’s obligations to pay fees for such period) shall be postponed for such time as its performance is suspended or delayed on account thereof. Aston shall promptly notify AAAMI, in writing, upon learning of the occurrence of such event of force majeure. Upon the cessation of the force majeure event, Aston shall resume its performance with the least practicable delay.
ARTICLE 7
TERM AND TERMINATION
7.1. TERM OF SERVICES
Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.2 below, this Agreement shall be effective as of the date hereunder and the Services shall commence on the Closing Date (as such date is determined by the Purchase Agreement) and shall terminate on the earlier of (i) the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date and (ii) the date specified in written notice of termination delivered by AAAMI to Aston, which date shall be no less than six months after the date of such notice (the “Term”); notwithstanding the foregoing, AAAMI may terminate this Agreement at
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any time by delivery of written notice to Aston and payment of a termination fee, payable in cash, equal to $275,000 (the “Termination Fee”), in which case this Agreement shall terminate upon the later of (x) the date specified for termination in such notice and (y) the date upon which the Termination Fee is paid and (iii) the date specified in written notice of termination delivered by Aston to AAAMI, which date shall be no less than six months after the date of such notice.
7.2. TERMINATION FOR BREACH
If AAAMI is in material breach of any of its material obligations under this Agreement, including any failure to make payments when due, and does not cure such breach in all material respects within 30 days after receiving written notice thereof from Aston, Aston may terminate this Agreement, including the provision of Services hereunder, immediately by providing written notice of termination. If Aston is in material breach of any of its material obligations under this Agreement and does not cure such breach in all material respects within 30 days after receiving written notice thereof from AAAMI, AAAMI may terminate this Agreement immediately by providing written notice of termination.
7.3. PAYMENT FOR SERVICES BEFORE TERMINATION
In the event of a termination of this Agreement, Aston shall be entitled to prompt payment of the Service Fee through the date of termination; provided, however, that if such termination is due to material breach by Aston, AAAMI shall not be obligated to make any such payments to Aston for Services directly related to, or impacted by, the material breach.
7.4. EFFECT OF TERMINATION
Article 4, Article 5, this Article 7 and Article 8 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
ARTICLE 8
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1. ASSIGNMENT, SUCCESSORS AND NO THIRD-PARTY RIGHTS
Neither Party may assign any of its rights or delegate any of its obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other parties; provided, however, that Aston and AAAMI each may, without such prior written consent, assign its rights and delegate its obligations hereunder to an affiliated entity of such assignor. This Agreement shall apply to, be binding in all respects upon, and inure to the benefit of each of AAAMI’s and Aston’s heirs, executors, administrators, assignees or successors. Nothing expressed or referred to in this Agreement shall be construed to give any Person, other than the Parties, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or with respect to this Agreement or any provision of this Agreement except such rights as may inure to a successor or permitted assignee pursuant to this Section 8.1.
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8.2. WAIVER
The rights and remedies of the Parties are cumulative and not alternative. Neither is any failure nor any delay by either Party in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement.
8.3. NOTICES
All notices, demands and other communications relating to this Agreement shall be given as provided in the Purchase Agreement.
8.4. INCORPORATION OF SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS
The schedules identified in this Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement.
8.5. ENTIRE AGREEMENT AND MODIFICATION
This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements between the Parties with respect to its subject matter and constitutes (along with the documents delivered pursuant to this Agreement) a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement between the Parties with respect to its subject matter. This Agreement may not be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified except in a written document executed by the party against whose interest the modification shall operate. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Agreement to the contrary, with respect to the Covered Funds in the event and to the extent that there is a conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Agreement shall control. This Agreement is not intended to, and shall not, create any rights in or confer any benefits upon any person other than the Parties.
8.6. SEVERABILITY
If a court of competent jurisdiction holds any provision of this Agreement invalid or unenforceable, the other provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. Any provision of this Agreement held invalid or unenforceable only in part or degree shall remain in full force and effect to the extent not held invalid or unenforceable and the Parties shall replace such provision with a provision that most closely approximates the intent of the Parties.
8.7. REPRESENTATIVES
The Parties each shall appoint a representative (a “Representative”) to facilitate communications and performance under this Agreement. Each Party may treat an act of a Representative of the other Party as being authorized by such other Party without inquiring about such act or ascertaining whether such Representative had authority to so act. The initial Representatives shall be appointed within 10 days after the date hereof. Each Party shall have the right at any time and from time to time to replace any of its Representatives by giving notice in writing to the other Party setting forth the name of (a) each Representative to be replaced and (b) the replacement, and certifying that the replacement Representative is authorized to act for the Party giving the notice in all matters relating to this Agreement.
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8.8. GOVERNING LAW
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Illinois without regard to conflicts of laws principles that would require the application of any other Law.
8.9. CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION
As used in this Agreement, the terms defined herein shall have the meanings specified or referred to herein and shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms. Any reference in this Agreement to an “Article,” “Section” or “Schedule” refers to the corresponding Article, Section or Schedule of or to this Agreement, unless the context indicates otherwise. The headings of Articles and Sections are provided for convenience of reference only and should not affect the construction or interpretation of the terms and provisions of this Agreement. All words used in this Agreement should be construed to be of such gender or number as the circumstances require. The terms “include” and “including” indicate examples of a foregoing general statement and not a limitation on that general statement. Any reference to a statute refers to the statute, any amendments or successor legislation, and all regulations promulgated under or implementing the statute, as in effect at the relevant time. Any reference to a contract or other document as of a given date means the contract or other document as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time through such date.
8.10. COUNTERPARTS
This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one Party, but all such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
Remainder of Page is Intentionally Left Blank Signature Page Follows
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The Parties have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the date indicated in the first sentence of this Agreement.
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ABN AMRO ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC. |
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By: | | /S/ SEYMOUR A. NEWMAN |
Name: Title: | | Seymour A. Newman Executive Vice President and CFO |
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ASTON ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC |
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By: | | /S/ STUART D. BILTON |
Name: Title: | | Stuart D. Bilton Chairman and CEO |
Administrative, Compliance and Marketing Services Agreement
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Schedule A
|
Covered Funds |
|
ABN AMRO Investor Money Market Fund |
ABN AMRO Money Market Fund |
ABN AMRO Treasury Money Market Fund |
ABN AMRO Government Money Market Fund |
ABN AMRO Tax Exempt Money Market Fund |
ABN AMRO Institutional Prime Money Market Fund |
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Schedule B
Services
Marketing and Customer Relations
• | | Development, oversight and administration of the marketing and sales efforts of the Covered Funds, including, without limitation: |
| • | | Preparation and distribution of marketing materials (including brochures). |
| • | | Review of all sales material and advertising |
| • | | Coordinate all aspects of the printing and mailing process with outside printers for all shareholder publications |
| • | | Maintenance and updating of the website with respect to the Covered Funds. |
| • | | Management and placing of advertisements with respect to the Covered Funds (with the actual cost of any advertisement to be paid by the Advisor and/or the Fund, as applicable) |
| • | | Client servicing and administration |
| • | | Coordination of communications with rating agencies. |
| • | | Acquisition and provision of iMoneyNet’s customized comparative data regarding performance, assets and expenses. |
• | | Process new accounts, verify completeness of application forms; establish new account records with standard abbreviations and registration formats, including proper account identification codes. |
• | | Process contributions and invest monies received in accordance with the written instructions of the Shareholders. |
• | | Process transactions upon receipt of proper documentation and in accordance with the terms of the IRA documentation. |
• | | Reinvest income dividends and capital gains distributions. |
• | | Send a confirmation to the registered owner(s) with respect to each transaction in the account. |
• | | Process requests for distributions, subject to receipt of required legal documents and make payments. |
• | | Establish a record of types and reasons for distributions (i.e., attainment of age 59-1/2, disability, death, return of excess contributions, etc.). |
• | | Record method of distribution requested and/or made. |
• | | Distribute the account in the event of death as required in writing by the Shareholder/Beneficiary, subject to receipt of required legal documents. |
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• | | Receive and process designation of the beneficiary forms. |
• | | Process requests for direct transfers between custodians/trustees, transfer and pay over the successor assets in the account and records pertaining thereto as requested. |
• | | Send to each registered shareholder notices, prospectuses, account statements, proxies and other documents or communications relating to fund shares to each registered shareholder; send such other notices, documents or other communications to as the fund may direct. |
• | | Maintain records of contributions, distributions, and other transactions. |
• | | Prepare Forms 1099R and 5498 and file with the IRS and provide to registered shareholder. |
• | | Send registered shareholders an annual TEFRA notice regarding required federal tax withholding. |
• | | Respond to shareholder telephone, written or other inquiries concerning the IRA. |
• | | Process requested changes to account information, pursuant to funds / prospectus rules. |
• | | Retain original source documents, such as applications and correspondence, microfilm original source documents, as required. |
• | | Respond to research inquiries from fund. |
• | | Perform applicable withholding for accounts, pursuant to IRS regulations. |
| • | | Purge “closed” accounts as directed by the fund. |
Routine Projects
• | | Daily, weekly, and monthly reporting as appropriate |
• | | Portfolio and general ledger accounting |
• | | Weekly pricing of all securities |
• | | Weekly daily valuation and daily NAV calculation |
• | | Comparison of NAV to market movement |
• | | Weekly review of price tolerance/fluctuation report |
• | | Research items appearing on the price exception report |
• | | Weekly costs monitoring along with mark-to-market valuations in accordance with Rule 2a-7 |
• | | Daily cash reconciliation with the custodian bank |
• | | Daily updating of price and rate information to the Transfer Agent/Insurance Agent |
• | | Daily support and report delivery to Portfolio Management |
• | | Daily calculation of fund adviser fees and waivers |
• | | Daily calculation of distribution rates |
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• | | Daily maintenance of each fund’s general ledger including expense accruals |
• | | Weekly price notification to other vendors as required |
• | | Calculation of 7 and 30-day yields |
• | | Preparation of month-end reconciliation package |
• | | Monthly reconciliation of fund expense records |
• | | Preparation of all annual and semi-annual audit work papers |
• | | Preparation and coordination of printing of financial statements |
• | | Coordination of IRS and state tax returns |
• | | Treasury Services including: |
| • | | Provide Officer for the Company |
| • | | Expense Accrual Monitoring |
| • | | Determination of Dividends |
| • | | Prepare materials for review by the board, e.g., 2a-7, 10f-3, 17a-7, 17e-1, Rule 144a |
• | | Monthly compliance testing including Section 817H |
Distribution and Legal, Regulatory and Board of Trustees Support
• | | Prepare agenda and background materials for legal approval at Board Meetings, make presentations where appropriate; prepare minutes; follow up on issues |
• | | Coordinate presentations by AAAMI to the Board |
• | | Review and file Form N-SAR |
• | | Review and file annual and semi-annual financial reports |
• | | Assist in preparation of fund Registration Statements for the Covered Funds |
• | | Support for all quarterly board meetings |
• | | Preparation of proxy materials as required |
• | | Annual update of Post-Effective Amendment (PEA) |
• | | Prospectus supplements, as needed |
• | | Consultations regarding legal issues with respect to management of the Covered Funds as needed |
• | | Cooperation with any SEC or other regulatory examinations |
• | | Arrange insurance and fidelity bond coverage |
• | | Support for one special board meetings, if necessary |
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• | | One additional PEA (other than annual update), if necessary |
• | | Assist with marketing strategy and product development |
Any Other Services Currently Provided by PFPC (which may be provided by subcontract with PFPC)
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PROXY
Highbury Financial Inc.
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 3000
Denver, CO 80202
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OF HIGHBURY FINANCIAL INC.
The undersigned appoints R. Bruce Cameron or Richard S. Foote, as proxies, and each of them with full power to act without the other, each with the power to appoint a substitute, and hereby authorizes either of them to represent and to vote, as designated on the reverse side, all shares of common stock of Highbury Financial Inc. (“Highbury”) held of record by the undersigned on , 2006, at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on , 2006, or any postponement or adjournment thereof.
THIS PROXY REVOKES ALL PRIOR PROXIES GIVEN BY THE UNDERSIGNED.
THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED AS DIRECTED. IF NO DIRECTIONS ARE GIVEN, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED “FOR” PROPOSAL NUMBERS 1, 2 & 3. THE HIGHBURY BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE PROPOSALS SHOWN ON THE REVERSE SIDE.
HIGHBURY MAY POSTPONE THE ANNUAL MEETING TO SOLICIT ADDITIONAL VOTING INSTRUCTIONS IN THE EVENT THAT A QUORUM IS NOT PRESENT OR UNDER OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES IF DEEMED ADVISABLE BY THE HIGHBURY BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
(Continued and to be signed on reverse side)
PROXY
THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED AS DIRECTED. IF NO DIRECTIONS ARE GIVEN, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED “FOR” PROPOSAL NUMBERS 1, 2, 3 & 4. THE HIGHBURY BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE FOLLOWING PROPOSALS.
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1. To adopt the Asset Purchase Agreement among Highbury, Aston Asset Management LLC, ABN AMRO Asset Management Holdings, Inc., ABN AMRO Investment Fund Services, Inc., ABN AMRO Asset Management, Inc., Montag & Caldwell, Inc., Tamro Capital Partners LLC, Veredus Asset Management LLC, and River Road Asset Management, LLC. | | FOR ¨ | | AGAINST ¨ | | ABSTAIN ¨ | | If you voted “AGAINST” Proposal Number 1 and you hold shares of Highbury common stock issued in the Highbury initial public offering, you may exercise your conversion rights and demand that Highbury convert your shares of common stock into a pro rata portion of the trust account by marking the “Exercise Conversion Rights” box below. If you exercise your conversion rights, then you will be exchanging your shares of Highbury common stock for cash and will no longer own these shares. You will only be entitled to receive cash for these shares if the acquisition is completed and you continue to hold these shares through the effective time of the acquisition and tender your stock certificate to Highbury. Failure to (a) vote against the adoption of the Asset Purchase Agreement, (b) check the following box, (c) continue to hold your shares of common stock through the effective time and tender your stock certificate to Highbury and (d) submit this proxy in a timely manner will result in the loss of your conversion rights |
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| | | | | | | | I HEREBY EXERCISE MY CONVERSION RIGHTS ¨ |
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2. To approve an amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Highbury to remove the preamble and Sections A through G, inclusive, of Article Fifth from the Certificate of Incorporation from and after the closing of the acquisition. | | FOR ¨ | | AGAINST ¨ | | ABSTAIN ¨ | | |
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3. Election of Directors Nominee: Russel L. Appel | | FOR the nominee listed below | | WITHHOLD AUTHORITY to vote for the nominee listed below | | | | |
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4. To adjourn the annual meeting, if necessary, to permit further solicitation of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the annual meeting to approve the acquisition proposal or the Article Fifth Amendment. | | FOR ¨ | | AGAINST ¨ | | ABSTAIN ¨ | | |
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MARK HERE FOR ADDRESS CHANGE AND NOTE AT RIGHT | | ¨ | | |
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PLEASE MARK, DATE AND RETURN THIS PROXY PROMPTLY.ANY VOTES RECEIVED AFTER A MATTER HAS BEEN VOTED UPON WILL NOT BE COUNTED. | | | | |
Sign exactly as name appears on this proxy card. If shares are held jointly, each holder should sign. Executors, administrators, trustees, guardians, attorneys and agents should give their full titles. If stockholder is a corporation, sign in full name by an authorized officer.