Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S.) (GAAP). Certain amounts reported in Other revenues and Fuel and transportation expense were reclassified to Product sales and Product costs to conform to the current presentation in connection with the acquisition discussed in Note 3. The amounts reclassified represent NGL product sales that occurred during 2022 and 2021. The effect of the reclassification was a decrease in Other revenues and an increase in Product sales of $11.1 million and $11.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and a decrease in Fuel and transportation expense and an increase in Product costs of $1.0 million and an immaterial amount for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. These reclassifications had no impact on Total operating revenues , Operating income or Net income . Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the Company's accounts and those of its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany transactions. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the fair values of certain items. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Segment Information The Company operates in one reportable segment - the operation of interstate natural gas and NGLs pipeline systems and integrated storage facilities. This segment consists of interstate natural gas pipeline systems located in the Gulf Coast region, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio and integrated natural gas storage facilities located in Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana and Mississippi, and NGLs pipelines and storage facilities located in Louisiana and Texas. Regulatory Accounting Most of the Company's natural gas pipeline subsidiaries and its interstate ethane transportation pipeline are regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). When certain criteria are met, GAAP requires that certain rate-regulated entities account for and report assets and liabilities consistent with the economic effect of the manner in which independent third-party regulators establish rates (regulatory accounting). This basis of accounting is applicable to operations of the Company's Texas Gas subsidiary, which records certain costs and benefits as regulatory assets and liabilities in order to provide for recovery from or refunds to customers in future periods, but is not applicable to the operations associated with the Fayetteville and Greenville Laterals due to rates charged under negotiated rate agreements and a portion of Texas Gas' storage capacity due to the regulatory treatment associated with the rates charged for that capacity. The Company also applies regulatory accounting for its fuel trackers on Gulf South, under which the value of fuel received from customers paying the maximum tariff rate and the related value of fuel used in transportation are recorded to a regulatory asset or liability depending on whether Gulf South uses more fuel than it collects from customers or collects more fuel than it uses. Other than as described for Texas Gas and for the fuel trackers on Gulf South, regulatory accounting is not applicable to the Company's other FERC-regulated operations. The Company monitors the regulatory and competitive environment in which it operates to determine whether its regulatory assets continue to be probable of recovery. If the Company determines that all or a portion of its regulatory assets no longer meets the criteria for recognition as regulatory assets, that portion which is not recoverable will be written off, net of any regulatory liabilities. Note 11 contains more information regarding the Company's regulatory assets and liabilities. Fair Value Measurements Fair value refers to an exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the principal market in which the reporting entity transacts based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability assuming its highest and best use. A fair value hierarchy has been established that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions giving priority, from highest to lowest, to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1); observable inputs not included in Level 1, for example, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities (Level 2); and unobservable data (Level 3), for example, a reporting entity's own internal data based on the best information available in the circumstances. The Company uses fair value measurements to account for business combinations, equity securities, asset retirement obligations (ARO), pension and postretirement benefits other than pension (PBOP) assets and any impairment charges. Notes 3, 7 and 13 contain more information regarding fair value measurements. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. The Company had no restricted cash at December 31, 2023 and 2022. Trade and Other Receivables Trade and other receivables are stated at their historical carrying amount, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts under an expected credit loss model based on historical credit loss experience and specific facts and circumstances. Uncollectible receivables are written off when a settlement is reached for an amount that is less than the outstanding historical balance or a receivable amount is deemed otherwise unrealizable. Gas Stored Underground and Gas Receivables and Payables Certain of the Company's operating subsidiaries have underground gas in storage which is utilized for system management and operational balancing, as well as for services including firm and interruptible storage associated with certain no-notice and parking and lending (PAL) services. Gas stored underground includes the historical cost of natural gas volumes owned by the operating subsidiaries, at times reduced by certain operational encroachments upon that gas. The operating subsidiaries provide storage services whereby they store natural gas or NGLs on behalf of customers and also periodically hold customer gas under PAL services. Since the customers retain title to the gas held by the Company in providing these services, the Company does not record the related gas on the Consolidated Balance Sheets . Certain of the Company's operating subsidiaries also periodically lend gas and NGLs to customers. In the course of providing transportation and storage services to customers, the operating subsidiaries may receive different quantities of gas from shippers and operators than the quantities delivered on behalf of those shippers and operators. This results in transportation and exchange gas receivables and payables, commonly known as imbalances, which are primarily settled in cash or the receipt or delivery of gas in the future. Settlement of imbalances requires agreement between the pipelines and shippers or operators as to allocations of volumes to specific transportation contracts and timing of delivery of gas based on operational conditions. The receivables and payables are valued at market price for operations where regulatory accounting is not applicable and are valued at the historical value of gas in storage for operations where regulatory accounting is applicable. Materials and Supplies Materials and supplies are carried at average cost and are included in Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company expects its materials and supplies to be used for projects related to its property, plant and equipment (PPE) and for future growth projects. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company held approximately $38.1 million and $34.3 million of materials and supplies. Property, Plant and Equipment and Repair and Maintenance Costs PPE is recorded at its original cost of construction or fair value of assets purchased. Construction costs and expenditures for major renewals and improvements which extend the lives of the respective assets are capitalized. Construction work in progress is included in the financial statements as a component of PPE. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation of PPE related to operations for which regulatory accounting does not apply is provided for using the straight-line method of depreciation over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 35 years. The ordinary sale or retirement of PPE for these assets could result in a gain or loss being recorded in the income statement. Depreciation of PPE related to operations for which regulatory accounting is applicable is provided for primarily on the straight-line method at FERC-prescribed rates over estimated useful lives of 5 to 62 years. Reflecting the application of composite depreciation, gains and losses from the ordinary sale or retirement of PPE for these assets are not recognized in earnings and generally do not impact PPE, net. Note 8 contains more information regarding the Company's PPE. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, as of November 30, or more frequently when events occur and circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. A reporting entity may perform an optional qualitative assessment on an annual basis to determine whether events occurred or circumstances changed that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. If an initial qualitative assessment identifies that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, or the optional qualitative assessment is not performed, a quantitative analysis is performed. The quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing it to the reporting unit's carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired. However, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill recorded on the reporting unit. Intangible assets are those assets which provide future economic benefit but have no physical substance. The Company recorded intangible assets for customer relationships obtained through its acquisitions. The customer relationships, which are included in Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, have a finite life and are being amortized over their estimated useful lives. Notes 3 and 9 contains more information regarding the Company's goodwill and intangible assets. Impairment of Long-lived Assets (including Tangible and Definite-lived Intangible Assets) The Company evaluates its long-lived and intangible assets for impairment when, in management's judgment, events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. When such a determination has been made, management's estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the remaining economic useful life of the asset (or asset group) is compared to the carrying amount of the asset (or asset group) to determine whether an impairment has occurred. If an impairment of the carrying amount has occurred, the amount of impairment recognized in the financial statements is determined by estimating the fair value of the assets (or asset group) and recording a loss to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value. Capitalized Interest and Allowance for Funds Used During Construction (AFUDC) The Company records capitalized interest, which represents the cost of borrowed funds used to finance construction activities for operations where regulatory accounting is not applicable. The Company records AFUDC, which represents the cost of funds, including equity funds, applicable to regulated natural gas transmission plant under construction as permitted by FERC regulatory practices, in connection with the Company's operations where regulatory accounting is applicable. Capitalized interest and the allowance for borrowed funds used during construction are recognized as a reduction to Interest expense and the allowance for equity funds used during construction is included in Miscellaneous other income, net on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The following table summarizes capitalized interest and the allowance for borrowed funds and allowance for equity funds used during construction (in millions): For the Year Ended 2023 2022 2021 Capitalized interest and allowance for borrowed funds used during construction $ 3.6 $ 2.2 $ 3.8 Allowance for equity funds used during construction 5.7 6.2 7.9 Income Taxes The Company is not a taxable entity for federal income tax purposes. As such, it does not directly pay federal income tax. The Company's taxable income or loss, which may vary substantially from the net income or loss reported on the Consolidated Statements of Income, is includable in the federal income tax returns of each of its partners. The aggregate difference in the basis of the Company's net assets for financial and income tax purposes is $5.6 billion. The subsidiaries of the Company directly incur some income-based state taxes which are presented in Income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Note 14 contains more information regarding the Company's income taxes. Asset Retirement Obligations The accounting requirements for existing legal obligations associated with the future retirement of long-lived assets require entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO in the period during which the liability is incurred. The liability is initially recognized at fair value and is increased with the passage of time as accretion expense is recorded, until the liability is ultimately settled. The accretion expense is included within Operation and maintenance costs on the Consolidated Statements of Income. An amount corresponding to the amount of the initial liability is capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset and depreciated over the useful life of that asset. Note 10 contains more information regarding the Company's ARO. Environmental Liabilities The Company records environmental liabilities based on management's estimates of the undiscounted future obligation for probable costs associated with environmental assessment and remediation of operating sites. These estimates are based on evaluations and discussions with counsel and operating personnel and the current known facts and circumstances related to these environmental matters. Note 6 contains more information regarding the Company's environmental liabilities. Defined Benefit Plans The Company maintains postretirement benefit plans for certain employees. The Company funds these plans through periodic contributions which are invested until the benefits are paid out to the participants, and records an asset or liability based on the overfunded or underfunded status of the plan. The net benefit costs of the plans are recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Any deferred amounts related to unrecognized gains and losses or changes in actuarial assumptions are recorded as either a regulatory asset or liability or recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income until those gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Note 13 contains more information regarding the Company's pension and other postretirement benefit obligations. Long-Term Compensation The Company provides performance awards (Performance Awards) to certain of its employees under its 2018 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2018 LTIP). A Performance Award is a long-term incentive award with a stated target amount which is payable in cash, after certain adjustments, upon vesting based on certain specified performance criteria being met. The Company measures the cost of an award issued in exchange for employee services based on the stated target amount for Performance Awards. All outstanding awards are required to be settled in cash and are classified as a liability until settlement. The related compensation expense, less forfeitures, is recognized over the period that employees are required to provide services in exchange for the awards, usually the vesting period. Note 13 contains more information regarding the Company's long-term compensation. Partner Capital Accounts For purposes of maintaining capital accounts, items of income and loss of the Company are allocated among the partners each period, or portion thereof, in accordance with the partnership agreement, based on their respective ownership interests. Leases Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate used to determine the commencement date present value of lease payments is typically the Company's secured borrowing rate, as the implicit rate of most of the Company's leases is not readily determinable. The Company has elected not to record any leases with terms of twelve months or less on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Revenue Recognition Nature of Contracts The Company primarily earns revenues from contracts with customers by providing transportation and storage services for natural gas and NGLs on a firm and interruptible basis and providing ethane supply and transportation services for industrial customers in Louisiana and Texas. The Company also provides interruptible natural gas PAL services. The Company's customers choose, based upon their particular needs, the applicable mix of services depending upon availability of pipeline and storage capacity, the price of services and the volume and timing of customer requirements. The maximum applicable rates that may be charged by the majority of the Company's operating subsidiaries are established through the FERC's cost-based rate-making process; however, the FERC also allows for discounted or negotiated rates as an alternative to cost-based rates. Under the FERC regulations, certain revenues that the Company's subsidiaries collect may be subject to possible refunds to customers. Accordingly, during a rate case, estimated refund liabilities are recorded considering regulatory proceedings, advice of counsel and estimated risk-adjusted total exposure, as well as other factors. The Company's service contracts can range from one to twenty years although the Company may enter into shorter- or longer-term contracts, and services are invoiced monthly with payment from the customer generally expected within ten Firm Service Contracts : The Company offers firm services to its customers. The Company's customers can reserve a specific amount of pipeline capacity at specified receipt and delivery points on the Company's pipeline system (transportation service) or can reserve a specific amount of storage capacity at specified injection and withdrawal points at the Company's storage facilities (storage service). The Company accounts for firm services as a single promise to stand ready each month of the contract term to provide the committed capacity for either transportation or storage services when needed by the customer, which represents a series of distinct monthly services that are substantially the same with the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Although several activities may be required to provide the firm service, the individual activities do not represent distinct performance obligations because all of the activities must be performed in combination in order for the Company to provide the firm service. The transaction price for firm service contracts is comprised of a fixed fee based on the quantity of capacity reserved, regardless of use (capacity reservation fee), plus variable fees in the form of a usage fee paid on the volume of commodity actually transported or injected and withdrawn from storage. Both the fixed and usage fees are allocated to the single performance obligation of providing transportation or storage service and recognized over time based upon the output measure of time as the Company completes its stand-ready obligation to provide contracted capacity and the customer receives and consumes the benefit of the reserved capacity, which corresponds with the transfer of control to the customer. The fixed fee is recognized ratably over the contract term, representative of the proportion of the committed stand-ready capacity obligation that has been fulfilled to date, and the usage fee is recognized upon satisfaction of each distinct monthly performance obligation, consistent with the allocation objective and based upon the level of effort required to satisfy the stand-ready obligation in a given month. Capacity reservation revenues derived from a firm service contract are generally consistent during the contract term, but can be higher in winter periods than the rest of the year based upon seasonal rates. Interruptible Service Contracts : In providing interruptible services to customers, the Company agrees to transport or store natural gas or NGLs for a customer when capacity is available. The Company does not account for interruptible services with a customer as a contract until the customer nominates for service and the Company accepts the nomination based upon available pipeline or storage capacity or product availability because there are no enforceable rights and obligations until that time. The nomination and acceptance process is a daily activity and acceptance is granted based upon priority of service and availability of capacity and products. Upon acceptance, the Company accounts for interruptible services similarly to its firm services. The transaction price for interruptible service contracts is comprised of a variable fee in the form of a usage fee paid on the volume of commodity actually transported or injected and withdrawn from storage. The transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation of providing interruptible service. Interruptible service revenues for natural gas transportation and storage are generally recognized over time based on the output measure of volume transported or stored when services are rendered upon the successful allocation of the services provided to the customer's account, which best depicts the transfer of control to the customer and satisfaction of the promised service. Interruptible services are recognized in the month services are provided because the Company has a right to consideration from customers in amounts that correspond directly to the value that the customer receives from the Company's performance. The rates charged may vary on a daily, monthly or seasonal basis. Minimum Volume Commitment (MVC) Contracts : Certain of the Company's transportation, storage or ethane supply contracts require customers to transport, store or purchase a minimum volume of commodity over a specified time period. If a customer fails to meet its MVC for the specified time period, the customer is obligated to pay a contractually-determined deficiency fee based upon the shortfall between the actual volumes transported, stored or purchased and the MVC for that period. MVC contracts are generally similar in nature to a firm service contract where the performance obligation is a stand-ready obligation that is a series of distinct services that are substantially the same with the same pattern of transfer to the customer. The transaction price for a MVC is a fee for the volume of commodity actually transported, stored or delivered, which is allocated to each distinct monthly performance obligation, consistent with the allocation objective and based upon the level of effort required to satisfy the obligation of the transacted activities in a given month. Revenues associated with transportation and storage services are generally recognized over time based on the output measure of volume transported or stored and revenues associated with ethane supply are generally recognized at a point in time based on barrels delivered, with the recognition of the deficiency fee in the period when it is known the customer cannot make up the deficient volume in the specified period. Other: Certain ethane supply contracts include a stated volume that the Company supplies to customers, and any volume requested above the stated volume is based on product availability. Revenues for these ethane supply contracts are generally recognized at a point in time when each barrel is transferred to the customer because the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the product at that time. Periodically, the Company may also enter into contracts with customers for the sale of natural gas or NGLs. The Company recognizes revenues for these transactions at the point in time of the physical sale of the commodity, which corresponds with the transfer of control of the commodity to the customer and the consideration is measured as the stated sales price in the contract. Contract Balances The Company records contract assets primarily related to performance obligations completed but not billed, or partially billed, as of the reporting date. The Company records contract liabilities, or deferred revenue, when payment is received in advance of satisfying its performance obligations. |