Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Basis of Presentation [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Basis of Presentation |
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The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). |
Use of Estimates and Assumptions and Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Use of Estimates and Assumptions and Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date(s) of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period(s). |
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Critical accounting estimates are estimates for which (a) the nature of the estimate is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change and (b) the impact of the estimate on financial condition or operating performance is material. The Company’s critical accounting estimates and assumptions affecting the financial statements were: |
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| (i) | Allowance for doubtful accounts : Management’s estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on historical sales, historical loss levels, and an analysis of the collectability of individual accounts; and general economic conditions that may affect a client’s ability to pay. The Company evaluated the key factors and assumptions used to develop the allowance in determining that it is reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole. | | | | |
| (ii) | Inventory obsolescence and markdowns : The Company’s estimate of potentially excess and slow-moving inventories is based on evaluation of inventory levels and aging, review of inventory turns and historical sales experiences. The Company’s estimate of reserve for inventory shrinkage is based on the historical results of physical inventory cycle counts. | | | | |
| (iii) | Fair value of long-lived assets : Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. If long-lived assets are determined to be recoverable, but the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives are shorter than originally estimated, the net book values of the long-lived assets are depreciated over the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives. The Company considers the following to be some examples of important indicators that may trigger an impairment review: (i) significant under-performance or losses of assets relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) significant changes in the manner or use of assets or in the Company’s overall strategy with respect to the manner or use of the acquired assets or changes in the Company’s overall business strategy; (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends; (iv) increased competitive pressures; (v) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained period of time; and (vi) regulatory changes. The Company evaluates acquired assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events. | | | | |
| (iv) | Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets : Management assumes that the realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets resulting from its net operating loss (“NOL”) carry–forwards for Federal income tax purposes that may be offset against future taxable income was not considered more likely than not and accordingly, the potential tax benefits of the net loss carry-forwards are offset by a full valuation allowance. Management made this assumption based on (a) the Company has incurred recurring losses, (b) general economic conditions, and (c) its ability to raise additional funds to support its daily operations by way of a public or private offering, among other factors. | | | | |
| (v) | Accrued warranty : The Company estimates accrued warranty costs at the time of sale of the total costs that the Company will incur to repair or replace product parts that fail while still under warranty. The amount of the accrued estimated warranty costs obligation for established products is primarily based on historical experience as to product failures adjusted for current information on repair costs. For new products, estimates include the historical experience of similar products, as well as reasonable allowance for warranty expenses associated with new products. | | | | |
| (vi) | Revenue recognition : The Company assumes all of the revenue recognition criteria are met including reasonable assurance of collectability when recognizing revenue. The Company evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to determine the collectability of revenue being recognized. | | | | |
| (vii) | Sales returns and allowances: Management’s estimate of sales returns and allowances is based on an analysis of historical returns and allowance activity to establish a baseline reserve level. The Company then evaluates whether there are any underlying product quality or other customer specific issues that require additional specific reserves above the baseline level. | | | | |
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These significant accounting estimates or assumptions bear the risk of change due to the fact that there are uncertainties attached to these estimates or assumptions, and certain estimates or assumptions are difficult to measure or value. |
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Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. |
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Management regularly evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to develop the estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such evaluations, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. |
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Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Principles of Consolidation [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Principles of Consolidation |
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The Company applies the guidance of Topic 810 “Consolidation” of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to determine whether and how to consolidate another entity. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 810-10-15-10 all majority-owned subsidiaries—all entities in which a parent has a controlling financial interest—shall be consolidated except (1) when control does not rest with the parent, the majority owner; (2) if the parent is a broker-dealer within the scope of Topic 940 and control is likely to be temporary; (3) consolidation by an investment company within the scope of Topic 946 of a non-investment-company investee. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 810-10-15-8 the usual condition for a controlling financial interest is ownership of a majority voting interest, and, therefore, as a general rule ownership by one reporting entity, directly or indirectly, of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting shares of another entity is a condition pointing toward consolidation. The power to control may also exist with a lesser percentage of ownership, for example, by contract, lease, agreement with other stockholders, or by court decree. The Company consolidates all less-than-majority-owned subsidiaries, if any, in which the parent’s power to control exists. |
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The Company's consolidated subsidiaries and/or entities are as follows: |
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Company name | | Place/date of incorporation or | The Company's effective | Common stock / registered | | Principal activities |
establishment | ownership interest | capital |
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GengSheng International Corporation | | The British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”)/ November 3, 2004 | 100% | Ordinary shares :- Authorized: 50,000 shares of $1 each Paid up: 100 shares of $1 each | | Investment holding |
(“GengSheng International”) |
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Henan GengSheng Refractories Co., Ltd. | | The People's Republic of China (the “PRC”)/ December 20, 1996 | 100% | Registered capital of $12,089,879 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of refractory products |
(“Refractories”) |
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Henan GengSheng High-Temperature Materials Co., Ltd. | | PRC/ September 4, 2002 | 89.33% | Registered capital of $1,246,300 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of functional ceramic products |
(“High-Temperature”) |
Smarthigh Holdings Limited | | BVI/ November 5, 2004 | 100% | Ordinary shares :- Authorized: 50,000 shares of $1 each Paid up: 100 shares of $1 each | | Investment holding |
(“Smarthigh”) |
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Zhengzhou Duesail Fracture Proppant Co., Ltd. | | PRC/ August 14, 2006 | 100% | Registered capital of $2,800,000 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of fracture proppant products |
(“Duesail”) |
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Henan GengSheng Micronized Powder Materials Co., Ltd. | | PRC/ March 31, 2008 | 100% | Registered capital of $5,823,000 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of fine precision abrasives |
(“Micronized”) |
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Guizhou Southeast Prefecture GengSheng New Materials Co., Ltd. | | PRC/ April 13, 2004 | 100% | Registered capital of $141,840 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of corundum materials |
(“Prefecture”) |
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Henan Yuxing Proppant Co., Ltd. | | PRC/ June 3, 2011 | 100% | Registered capital of $3,086,000 fully paid up | | Manufacturing and distribution of fracture proppant products |
(“Yuxing”) |
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The consolidated financial statements include all accounts of the Company and the consolidated subsidiaries and/or entities as of reporting period ending date(s) and for the reporting period(s) then ended. |
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All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. |
Reclassification [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Reclassification |
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Certain amounts in the prior period consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported earnings or (losses). |
Fair value of financial instruments [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm's-length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free-market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's-length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated. |
Fair Value of Non-Financial Assets or Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Fair Value of Non-Financial Assets or Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis |
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The Company’s non-financial assets include inventories. The Company identifies potentially excess and slow-moving inventories by evaluating turn rates, inventory levels and other factors. Excess quantities are identified through evaluation of inventory aging, review of inventory turns and historical sales experiences. The Company provides lower of cost or market reserves for such identified excess and slow-moving inventories. The Company establishes a reserve for inventory shrinkage, if any, based on the historical results of physical inventory cycle counts. |
Carrying Value, Recoverability and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Carrying Value, Recoverability and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company has adopted paragraph 360-10-35-17 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for its long-lived assets. The Company’s long-lived assets, which include property, plant and equipment and land use rights are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. |
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The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related long-lived asset or group of long-lived assets over their remaining estimated useful lives against their respective carrying amounts. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. When long-lived assets are determined to be recoverable, but the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives are shorter than originally estimated, the net book values of the long-lived assets are depreciated over the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives. |
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The Company considers the following to be some examples of important indicators that may trigger an impairment review: (i) significant under-performance or losses of assets relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) significant changes in the manner or use of assets or in the Company’s overall strategy with respect to the manner or use of the acquired assets or changes in the Company’s overall business strategy; (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends; (iv) increased competitive pressures; (v) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained period of time; and (vi) regulatory changes. The Company evaluates acquired assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events. |
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The key assumptions used in management’s estimates of projected cash flow deal largely with forecasts of sales levels, gross margins, and operating costs of the manufacturing facilities. These forecasts are typically based on historical trends and take into account recent developments as well as management’s plans and intentions. Any difficulty in manufacturing or sourcing raw materials on a cost effective basis would significantly impact the projected future cash flows of the Company’s manufacturing facilities and potentially lead to an impairment charge for long-lived assets. Other factors, such as increased competition or a decrease in the desirability of the Company’s products, could lead to lower projected sales levels, which would adversely impact cash flows. A significant change in cash flows in the future could result in an impairment of long lived assets. |
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The impairment charges, if any, is included in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss). |
Cash Equivalents [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. |
Pledged Deposits [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Pledged Deposits |
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Pledged deposits consist of amounts held in financial institutions for (i) open banker’s acceptance notes payable maturing between three and nine months from the date of issuance and (ii) outstanding loans payable – banks, secured, maturing one year from the date of signing. |
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The Company satisfies certain accounts payable, through banker’s acceptance notes issued by financial institutions to certain of the Company’s vendors. The issuing financial institutions of the banker’s acceptance notes require the Company to deposit certain percentage of the amount stipulated under the banker’s acceptance notes as collateral which will be released to the Company as part of the payment toward banker’s acceptance notes payable upon maturity. |
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The Management of the Company believes that it is appropriate to classify such amounts as current assets as these pledged deposits are of a short term nature, three to nine months in length from the date of issuance. |
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts |
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Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company follows paragraph 310-10-50-9 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company performs on-going credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, as determined by the review of their current credit information; and determines the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions. |
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Pursuant to paragraph 310-10-50-2 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company has adopted paragraph 310-10-50-6 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification and determine when receivables are past due or delinquent based on how recently payments have been received. |
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Outstanding account balances are reviewed individually for collectability. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. Bad debt expense is included in general and administrative expenses, if any. |
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The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure to its customers. |
Bankers Acceptance Notes Receivable [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Banker’s Acceptance Notes Receivable |
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Certain of the Company’s customers satisfy their accounts receivable, through the issuance of banker’s acceptance notes issued by financial institutions to the Company. These notes are usually of a short term nature, three (3) to nine (9) months in length. They are non-interest bearing, due upon maturity, and are paid by the Customers’ financial institutions directly to the Company upon presentation on the date of maturity and the Customers are obliged to repay the note in full to the financial institutions. |
Inventories [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Inventories |
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Inventory Valuation |
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The Company values inventories, consisting of raw materials, consumables, packaging material, finished goods, and purchased merchandise for resale, at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on the first-in and first-out (“FIFO”) method for raw materials and packaging materials and the weighted average cost method for finished goods. Cost of finished goods comprises direct labor, direct materials, direct production cost and an allocated portion of production overhead. The Company reduces inventories for the diminution of value, resulting from product obsolescence, damage or other issues affecting marketability, equal to the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated market value. Factors utilized in the determination of estimated market value include (i) current sales data and historical return rates, (ii) estimates of future demand, (iii) competitive pricing pressures, (iv) new product introductions, (v) product expiration dates, and (vi) component and packaging obsolescence. |
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Normal Capacity and Period Costs of Underutilized or Idle Capacity of the Production Facilities |
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The Company follows paragraph 330-10-30-3 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the allocation of production costs and charges to inventories. The Company allocates fixed production overhead to inventories based on the normal capacity of the production facilities expected to be achieved over a number of periods or seasons under normal circumstances, taking into account the loss of capacity resulting from planned maintenance. Judgment is required to determine when a production level is abnormally low (that is, outside the range of expected variation in production). Factors that might be anticipated to cause an abnormally low production level include significantly reduced demand, labor and materials shortages, and unplanned facility or equipment down time. The actual level of production may be used if it approximates normal capacity. In periods of abnormally high production, the amount of fixed overhead allocated to each unit of production is decreased so that inventories are not measured above cost. The amount of fixed overhead allocated to each unit of production is not increased as a consequence of abnormally low production or idle plant and unallocated overheads of underutilized or idle capacity of the production facilities are recognized as period costs in the period in which they are incurred rather than as a portion of the inventory cost. |
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Inventory Obsolescence and Markdowns |
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The Company evaluates its current level of inventories considering historical sales and other factors and, based on this evaluation, classify inventory markdowns in the income statement as a component of cost of goods sold pursuant to Paragraph 420-10-S99 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to adjust inventories to net realizable value. These markdowns are estimates, which could vary significantly from actual requirements if future economic conditions, customer demand or competition differ from expectations. Other significant estimates include the allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. While variable production overheads are allocated to each unit of production on the basis of actual use of production facilities, the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion is based on the normal capacity of the Company’s production facilities, and recognizes abnormal idle facility expenses as current period charges. Certain costs, including categories of indirect materials, indirect labor and other indirect manufacturing costs which are included in the overhead pools are estimated. The management of the Company determines its normal capacity based upon the amount of operating hours of the manufacturing machinery and equipment in a reporting period. |
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Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures |
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The Company accounts for investments in common stock or in-substance common stock (or both common stock and in-substance common stock) of an investee of which the Company has significant influence (see paragraph 323-10-15-6) in the operating or financial policies even though the Company holds 50% or less of the common stock or in-substance common stock, in accordance with sub-topic 323-10 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Sub-topic 323-10”). |
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Method of Accounting |
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Investments held in stock of entities other than subsidiaries, namely corporate joint ventures and other non-controlled entities usually are accounted for by one of three methods (i) the fair value method (addressed in Topic 320), (ii) the equity method (addressed in Topic 323), or (iii) the cost method (addressed in Subtopic 325-20). Pursuant to paragraph 323-10-05-5 the equity method tends to be most appropriate if an investment enables the investor to influence the operating or financial policies of the investee. |
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The Ability to Exercise Significant Influence |
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Pursuant to paragraph 323-10-15-6 the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of an investee may be indicated in several ways, including but limited to the following: a. Representation on the board of directors, b. Participation in policy-making processes, c. Material intra-entity transactions, d. Interchange of managerial personnel, and e. Technological dependency. Pursuant to paragraph 323-10-15-8 an investment (direct or indirect) of 20 percent or more of the voting stock of an investee shall lead to a presumption that in the absence of predominant evidence to the contrary an investor has the ability to exercise significant influence over an investee. Conversely, an investment of less than 20 percent of the voting stock of an investee shall lead to a presumption that an investor does not have the ability to exercise significant influence unless such ability can be demonstrated. |
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Initial and Subsequent Measurement |
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Pursuant to Paragraph 323-10-30-2 an investor shall measure an investment in the common stock of an investee (including a joint venture) initially at cost in accordance with the guidance in Section 805-50-30. An investor shall initially measure, at fair value, a retained investment in the common stock of an investee (including a joint venture) in a deconsolidation transaction in accordance with paragraphs 810-10-40-3A through 40-5. |
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Pursuant to Section 323-10-35 under the equity method, an investor shall recognize its share of the earnings or losses of an investee in the periods for which they are reported by the investee in its financial statements rather than in the period in which an investee declares a dividend. An investor shall adjust the carrying amount of an investment for its share of the earnings or losses of the investee after the date of investment including adjustments similar to those made in preparing consolidated financial statements and shall report the recognized earnings or losses in income. An investor's share of losses of an investee may equal or exceed the carrying amount of an investment accounted for by the equity method plus advances made by the investor. An equity method investor shall continue to report losses up to the investor's investment carrying amount, including any additional financial support made or committed to by the investor and the investor ordinarily shall discontinue applying the equity method if the investment (and net advances) is reduced to zero and shall not provide for additional losses unless the investor has guaranteed obligations of the investee or is otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the investee. If the investee subsequently reports net income, the investor shall resume applying the equity method only after its share of that net income equals the share of net losses not recognized during the period the equity method was suspended. If a series of operating losses of an investee or other factors indicate that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary the loss in value of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. A current fair value of an investment that is less than its carrying amount may indicate a loss in value of the investment. However, a decline in the quoted market price below the carrying amount or the existence of operating losses alone is not necessarily indicative of a loss in value that is other than temporary. |
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Disclosure |
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Pursuant to paragraph 323-10-50-3 all of the following disclosures generally shall apply to the equity method of accounting for investments in common stock: |
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| a. | Financial statements of an investor shall disclose all of the following parenthetically, in notes to financial statements, or in separate statements or schedules: (1) the name of each investee and percentage of ownership of common stock. (2) The accounting policies of the investor with respect to investments in common stock. Disclosure shall include the names of any significant investee entities in which the investor holds 20 percent or more of the voting stock, but the common stock is not accounted for on the equity method, together with the reasons why the equity method is not considered appropriate, and the names of any significant investee corporations in which the investor holds less than 20 percent of the voting stock and the common stock is accounted for on the equity method, together with the reasons why the equity method is considered appropriate. (3) The difference, if any, between the amount at which an investment is carried and the amount of underlying equity in net assets and the accounting treatment of the difference. | | | | |
| b. | For those investments in common stock for which a quoted market price is available, the aggregate value of each identified investment based on the quoted market price usually shall be disclosed. | | | | |
| c. | If investments in common stock of corporate joint ventures or other investments accounted for under the equity method are, in the aggregate, material in relation to the financial position or results of operations of an investor, it may be necessary for summarized information as to assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the investees to be presented in the notes or in separate statements, either individually or in groups, as appropriate. | | | | |
| d. | Conversion of outstanding convertible securities, exercise of outstanding options and warrants, and other contingent issuances of an investee may have a significant effect on an investor's share of reported earnings or losses. Accordingly, material effects of possible conversions, exercises, or contingent issuances shall be disclosed in notes to financial statements of an investor. | | | | |
Property, plant and equipment [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Property, Plant and Equipment |
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Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for major additions and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to statements of operations as incurred. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is computed by the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: |
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Auto | 3 | | | | | |
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Buildings and leasehold improvements (i) (ii) | 20 | | | | | |
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Construction in progress (iii) | - | | | | | |
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Furniture and fixture | 5-Apr | | | | | |
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Machinery and equipment | 10-May | | | | | |
| (i) | Amortization of leasehold improvements: Amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease or the estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter. | | | | |
| (ii) | Capitalized interest: The interest cost associated with the major development and construction projects is capitalized and included in the cost of the project. When no debt is incurred specifically for a project, interest is capitalized on amounts expended on the project using weighted-average cost of the Company’s outstanding borrowings. Capitalization of interest ceases when the project is substantially completed or development activity is suspended for more than a brief period. | | | | |
| (iii) | Construction in progress: Construction in progress represents direct costs of construction or the acquisition cost of long-lived assets. Under U.S. GAAP, all costs associated with construction of long-lived assets should be reflected as long-term as part of construction-in-progress. Capitalization of these costs ceases and the construction in progress is transferred to property, plant and equipment when substantially all of the activities necessary to prepare the long-lived assets for their intended use are completed. No depreciation is provided until the construction of the long-lived assets is complete and ready for their intended use. | | | | |
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Upon sale or retirement of property, plant and equipment, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. |
Leases [Policy Text Block] | ' Leases |
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Lease agreements are evaluated to determine whether they are capital leases or operating leases in accordance with paragraph 840-10-25-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Paragraph 840-10-25-1”). Pursuant to Paragraph 840-10-25-1 A lessee and a lessor shall consider whether a lease meets any of the following four criteria as part of classifying the lease at its inception under the guidance in the Lessees Subsection of this Section (for the lessee) and the Lessors Subsection of this Section (for the lessor): a. Transfer of ownership. The lease transfers ownership of the property to the lessee by the end of the lease term. This criterion is met in situations in which the lease agreement provides for the transfer of title at or shortly after the end of the lease term in exchange for the payment of a nominal fee, for example, the minimum required by statutory regulation to transfer title. b. Bargain purchase option. The lease contains a bargain purchase option. c. Lease term. The lease term is equal to 75 percent or more of the estimated economic life of the leased property. d. Minimum lease payments. The present value at the beginning of the lease term of the minimum lease payments, excluding that portion of the payments representing executory costs such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes to be paid by the lessor, including any profit thereon, equals or exceeds 90 percent of the excess of the fair value of the leased property to the lessor at lease inception over any related investment tax credit retained by the lessor and expected to be realized by the lessor. In accordance with paragraphs 840-10-25-29 and 840-10-25-30, if at its inception a lease meets any of the four lease classification criteria in Paragraph 840-10-25-1, the lease shall be classified by the lessee as a capital lease; and if none of the four criteria in Paragraph 840-10-25-1 are met, the lease shall be classified by the lessee as an operating lease. Pursuant to Paragraph 840-10-25-31 a lessee shall compute the present value of the minimum lease payments using the lessee's incremental borrowing rate unless both of the following conditions are met, in which circumstance the lessee shall use the implicit rate: a. It is practicable for the lessee to learn the implicit rate computed by the lessor. b. The implicit rate computed by the lessor is less than the lessee's incremental borrowing rate. Capital lease assets are depreciated on a straight line method, over the capital lease assets estimated useful lives consistent with the Company’s normal depreciation policy for tangible fixed assets. Interest charges are expensed over the period of the lease in relation to the carrying value of the capital lease obligation. |
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Operating leases primarily relate to the Company’s leases of office spaces. When the terms of an operating lease include tenant improvement allowances, periods of free rent, rent concessions, and/or rent escalation amounts, the Company establishes a deferred rent liability for the difference between the scheduled rent payment and the straight-line rent expense recognized, which is amortized over the underlying lease term on a straight-line basis as a reduction of rent expense. |
Land use rights [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Land Use Rights |
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Land use rights represent the cost to obtain the right to use certain parcels of land in China. Land use rights are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the lives of the rights of ranging from 39 to 50 years. Upon becoming fully amortized, the related cost and accumulated amortization are removed from the accounts. |
Bankers Acceptance Notes Payable [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Banker’s Acceptance Notes Payable |
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The Company satisfies certain accounts payable, through the issuance of banker’s acceptance notes issued by financial institutions to certain of the Company’s vendors. These notes are usually of a short term nature, three (3) to nine (9) months in length. They are non-interest bearing and due upon maturity, and are paid by the Company’s banks directly to the vendors upon presentation on the date of maturity and the Company is obliged to repay the note in full to the financial institutions. In the event of insufficient funds to repay these notes, the Company's bank will convert them to loans on demand with interest at a predetermined rate per annum payable monthly. |
Related Parties [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Related Parties |
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The Company follows subtopic 850-10 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. |
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Pursuant to Section 850-10-20 the related parties include a. affiliates of the Company; b. entities for which investments in their equity securities would be required, absent the election of the fair value option under the Fair Value Option Subsection of Section 825–10–15, to be accounted for by the equity method by the investing entity; c. trusts for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of management; d. principal owners of the Company; e. management of the Company; f. other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests; and g. other parties that can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or that have an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. |
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The financial statements shall include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business. However, disclosure of transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of consolidated or combined financial statements is not required in those statements. The disclosures shall include: a. the nature of the relationship(s) involved; b. a description of the transactions, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed, for each of the periods for which income statements are presented, and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the financial statements; c. the dollar amounts of transactions for each of the periods for which income statements are presented and the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms from that used in the preceding period; and d. amounts due from or to related parties as of the date of each balance sheet presented and, if not otherwise apparent, the terms and manner of settlement. |
Product Warranty [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Product Warranty |
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The Company estimates future costs of warranty obligations in accordance with ASC 460-10, which requires an entity to disclose and recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation it assumes upon issuance of a warranty. The Company warrants its refractory products for a specific period of time, usually 12 months, against material defects. The Company provides for the estimated future costs of warranty obligations in cost of revenues when the related revenues are recognized. The accrued warranty costs represent the best estimate at the time of sale of the total costs that the Company will incur to repair or replace product parts that fail while still under warranty. The amount of the accrued estimated warranty costs obligation for established products is primarily based on historical experience as to product failures adjusted for current information on repair costs. For new products, estimates include the historical experience of similar products, as well as reasonable allowance for warranty expenses associated with new products. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews the accrued warranty costs and updates the historical warranty cost trends, if required. |
Commitments and Contingencies [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Commitment and Contingencies |
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The Company follows subtopic 450-20 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein. |
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If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed. |
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Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time, that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows. |
Noncontrolling interest [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Non-controlling Interest |
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The Company follows paragraph 810-10-65-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report the non-controlling interests in its majority owned subsidiary in the consolidated statements of balance sheets within the equity section, separately from the Company’s stockholders’ equity. Non-controlling interests represents the non-controlling interest holder’s proportionate share of the equity of the Company’s majority-owned subsidiary. Non-controlling interest is adjusted for the non-controlling interest holder’s proportionate share of the earnings or losses and other comprehensive income (loss) and the non-controlling interest continues to be attributed its share of losses even if that attribution results in a deficit non-controlling interest balance. |
Revenue recognition [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Revenue Recognition |
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The Company applies paragraph 605-10-S99-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for revenue recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. The Company considers revenue realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) the product has been shipped or the services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the sales price is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. In addition to the aforementioned general policy, the following are the specific revenue recognition policies for each category of revenue: |
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| (i) | Sale of products: The Company derives its revenue from sales contracts with customers with revenue being generated upon the shipment of merchandise. Persuasive evidence of an arrangement is demonstrated via sales invoice or contract; product delivery is evidenced by warehouse shipping log as well as a signed bill of lading from the vessel or rail company and title transfers upon shipment, based on free on board (“FOB”) warehouse terms; the sales price to the customer is fixed upon acceptance of the signed purchase order or contract and there is no separate sales rebate, discount, or volume incentive. When the Company recognizes revenue, no provisions are made for returns because, historically, there have been very few sales returns and adjustments that have impacted the ultimate collection of revenue. | | | | |
| (ii) | Sale of products with services: The Company derives its revenue from sales contracts with customers with revenue being generated upon completion of installation and testing services. The Company initially signs a sale of products with services contract with its customers for a fixed fee and delivers the products upon receipt of signed contracts or purchase orders. After delivery of products to its customers, the Company will perform the installation and testing services, which usually takes one to two days, before acceptance and usage by customers. The product can normally be used for approximately 80 cycles of production by customers (about two to three days). Thereafter the customers will need maintenance, repair and replacement of the Company’s products. For each maintenance, repair and replacement, the Company will supply products and do the installation and testing work again, which are treated as separate sales by the Company. The Company recognizes the revenue from the sale of product with services when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer at the time when the installation and testing are completed and accepted by customers, the sales price is fixed upon acceptance of the signed purchase order or contract and collection is reasonably assured. | | | | |
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Net sales of products represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added taxes (“VAT”). The Company is subject to VAT which is levied on the majority of the Company’s products at the rate of 17% on the invoiced value of sales. Sales or Output VAT is borne by customers in addition to the invoiced value of sales and Purchase or Input VAT is borne by the Company in addition to the invoiced value of purchases to the extent not refunded for export sales. |
Shipping and Handling Costs [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Shipping and Handling Costs |
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The Company accounts for shipping and handling fees in accordance with paragraph 605-45-45-19 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. While amounts charged to customers for shipping products are included in revenues, the related costs are classified in cost of goods sold as incurred. |
Research and Development [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Research and Development |
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The Company follows paragraph 730-10-25-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 2 “Accounting for Research and Development Costs” ) and paragraph 730-20-25-11 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 68 “Research and Development Arrangements” ) for research and development costs. Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of remuneration for research and development staff, depreciation and maintenance expenses of research and development equipment, material and testing costs for research and development as well as research and development arrangements with unrelated third party research and development institutions. |
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Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities |
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The research and development arrangements usually involve specific research and development projects. Often times, the Company makes non-refundable advances upon signing of these research and development arrangements. The Company adopted paragraph 730-20-25-13 and 730-20-35-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 07-3 |
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“Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities” ) for those non-refundable advances. Non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. Such amounts are recognized as an expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed. The management continues to evaluate whether the Company expect the goods to be delivered or services to be rendered. If the management does not expect the goods to be delivered or services to be rendered, the capitalized advance payment are charged to expense. |
Government grant [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Government Grants |
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Receipts of government grants (i) to construct environmental protection and improvement projects and (ii) to encourage research and development and (iii) to subsidize energy conservation activities which are non-refundable are credited to unearned government grants upon receipt. The grants are used for purchases of assets, to subsidize the research and development and energy conservation expenses incurred, for compensation expenses already incurred or for good performance of the Company. |
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Grants applicable to the construction of the environmental protection and improvement projects are recorded as a credit to the total cost of pollution prevention projects upon completion of the pollution prevention projects. For research and development expenses, the Company matches and offsets the government grants with the expenses of the research and development activities as specified in the grant approval document in the corresponding period when such expenses are incurred and records related government grants as credit to research and development and pollution prevention project cost accordingly. For government grants received as compensation for expenses already incurred are recognized as income in the period they become recognizable. |
Guarantee [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Guarantee |
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The Company has acted as guarantor for certain bank loans granted to third parties which provide guarantees to the Company’s loans payable. The Company assessed its obligation under this guarantee pursuant to the provision of ASC 460 “Guarantee”. The Company recognized in its consolidated financial statements a liability for that guarantee at fair value at the date of inception and recognized as an expense in profit or loss immediately. The amount of guarantee liability is amortized in profit or loss over the term of the guarantee as income from financial guarantees issued. |
Foreign Currency Transactions [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Foreign Currency Transactions |
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The Company applies the guidelines as set out in Section 830-20-35 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 830-20-35”) for foreign currency transactions. Pursuant to Section 830-20-35 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, foreign currency transactions are transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. Dollar, the Company’s reporting currency or Chinese Yuan or Renminbi, the Company’s Chinese operating subsidiaries' functional currency. Foreign currency transactions may produce receivables or payables that are fixed in terms of the amount of foreign currency that will be received or paid. A change in exchange rates between the functional currency and the currency in which a transaction is denominated increases or decreases the expected amount of functional currency cash flows upon settlement of the transaction. That increase or decrease in expected functional currency cash flows is a foreign currency transaction gain or loss that generally shall be included in determining net income for the period in which the exchange rate changes. Likewise, a transaction gain or loss (measured from the transaction date or the most recent intervening balance sheet date, whichever is later) realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction generally shall be included in determining net income for the period in which the transaction is settled. The exceptions to this requirement for inclusion in net income of transaction gains and losses pertain to certain intercompany transactions and to transactions that are designated as, and effective as, economic hedges of net investments and foreign currency commitments. Pursuant to Section 830-20-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, the following shall apply to all foreign currency transactions of an enterprise and its investees: (a) at the date the transaction is recognized, each asset, liability, revenue, expense, gain, or loss arising from the transaction shall be measured and recorded in the functional currency of the recording entity by use of the exchange rate in effect at that date as defined in section 830-10-20 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification; and (b) at each balance sheet date, recorded balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency or reporting currency of the recording entity shall be adjusted to reflect the current exchange rate. |
Income Tax Provision [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Income Tax Provision |
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The Company accounts for income taxes under Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income in the period that includes the enactment date. |
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The Company adopted section 740-10-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 740-10-25”). Section 740-10-25 addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under Section 740-10-25, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty (50) percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Section 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. |
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The estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities are reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as well as tax credit carry-backs and carry-forwards. The Company periodically reviews the recoverability of deferred tax assets recorded on its consolidated balance sheets and provides valuation allowances as management deems necessary. |
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Management makes judgments as to the interpretation of the tax laws that might be challenged upon an audit and cause changes to previous estimates of tax liability. In addition, the Company operates within multiple taxing jurisdictions and is subject to audit in these jurisdictions. In management’s opinion, adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all years. If actual taxable income by tax jurisdiction varies from estimates, additional allowances or reversals of reserves may be necessary. |
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Uncertain Tax Positions |
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The Company did not take any uncertain tax positions and had no adjustments to its income tax liabilities or benefits pursuant to the provisions of Section 740-10-25 for the reporting period ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. |
Foreign Currency Translation [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Foreign Currency Translation |
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The Company follows Section 830-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 830-10-45”) for foreign currency translation to translate the financial statements of the foreign subsidiary from the functional currency, generally the local currency, into U.S. Dollars. Section 830-10-45 sets out the guidance relating to how a reporting entity determines the functional currency of a foreign currency (including of a foreign entity in a highly inflationary economy), re-measures the books of record (if necessary), and characterizes transaction gains and losses. Pursuant to Section 830 - 10 - 45, the assets, liabilities, and operations of a foreign entity shall be measured using the functional currency of that entity. An entity’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment, or local currency, in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. |
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The functional currency of each foreign subsidiary is determined based on management’s judgment and involves consideration of all relevant economic facts and circumstances affecting the subsidiary. Generally, the currency in which the subsidiary transacts a majority of its transactions, including billings, financing, payroll and other expenditures, would be considered the functional currency, but any dependency upon the parent and the nature of the subsidiary’s operations must also be considered. If a subsidiary’s functional currency is deemed to be the local currency, then any gain or loss associated with the translation of that subsidiary’s financial statements is included in accumulated other comprehensive income. However, if the functional currency is deemed to be the U.S. Dollar, then any gain or loss associated with the re-measurement of these financial statements from the local currency to the functional currency would be included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss). If the Company disposes of foreign subsidiaries, then any cumulative translation gains or losses would be recorded into the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss). If the Company determines that there has been a change in the functional currency of a subsidiary to the U.S. Dollar, any translation gains or losses arising after the date of change would be included within the statement of income and comprehensive income (loss). |
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Based on an assessment of the factors discussed above, the management of the Company determined the relevant subsidiaries’ local currencies to be their respective functional currencies. |
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The financial records of the Company's Chinese operating subsidiaries are maintained in their local currency, the Renminbi (“RMB”), which is the functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated from the local currency into the reporting currency, U.S. dollars, at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at weighted average exchange rates for the period to approximate translation at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates those elements are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Foreign currency translation gain (loss) resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. |
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RMB is not a fully convertible currency. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”) or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign exchange. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC. Commencing July 21, 2005, China adopted a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market demand and supply with reference to a basket of currencies. The exchange rate of the US dollar against the RMB was adjusted from approximately RMB8.28 per U.S. dollar to approximately RMB8.11 per U.S. dollar on July 21, 2005. Since then, the PBOC administers and regulates the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against the RMB taking into account demand and supply of RMB, as well as domestic and foreign economic and financial conditions. |
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Unless otherwise noted, the rate presented below per U.S. $1.00 was the midpoint of the interbank rate as quoted by OANDA Corporation ( www.oanda.com ) contained in its consolidated financial statements. Management believes that the difference between RMB vs. U.S. dollar exchange rate quoted by the PBOC and RMB vs. U.S. dollar exchange rate reported by OANDA Corporation were immaterial. Translations do not imply that the RMB amounts actually represent, or have been or could be converted into, equivalent amounts in U.S. dollars. Translation of amounts from RMB into U.S. dollars has been made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods: |
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| | 31-Dec-13 | | | 31-Dec-12 | |
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Balance sheets | | 6.1087 | | | 6.3091 | |
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Statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) | | 6.192 | | | 6.3131 | |
Comprehensive income (loss) [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
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The Company has applied section 220-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This statement establishes rules for the reporting of comprehensive income and its components. Comprehensive income (loss), for the Company, consists of net income (loss) and foreign currency translation adjustments and is presented in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and Stockholders’ Equity. |
Net Income (Loss) per Common Share [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Net Income (Loss) per Common Share |
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Net income (loss) per common share is computed pursuant to section 260-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially outstanding shares of common stock during the period to reflect the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through contingent share arrangements, stock options and warrants. |
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There were no potentially dilutive common shares outstanding for the reporting period ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. |
Cash Flows Reporting [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Cash Flows Reporting |
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The Company adopted paragraph 230-10-45-24 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for cash flows reporting, classifies cash receipts and payments according to whether they stem from operating, investing, or financing activities and provides definitions of each category, and uses the indirect or reconciliation method (“Indirect method”) as defined by paragraph 230-10-45-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report net cash flow from operating activities by adjusting net income to reconcile it to net cash flow from operating activities by removing the effects of (a) all deferrals of past operating cash receipts and payments and all accruals of expected future operating cash receipts and payments and (b) all items that are included in net income that do not affect operating cash receipts and payments. The Company reports the reporting currency equivalent of foreign currency cash flows, using the current exchange rate at the time of the cash flows and the effect of exchange rate changes on cash held in foreign currencies is reported as a separate item in the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of cash and cash equivalents and separately provides information about investing and financing activities not resulting in cash receipts or payments in the period pursuant to paragraph 830-230-45-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. |
Segment Information [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Segment Information |
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The Company follows Topic 280 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for segment reporting. Pursuant to Paragraph 280-10-50-1 an operating segment is a component of a public entity that has all of the following characteristics: a. It engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses (including revenues and expenses relating to transactions with other components of the same public entity). b. Its operating results are regularly reviewed by the public entity's chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance. c. Its discrete financial information is available. In accordance with Paragraph 280-10-50-5 the term chief operating decision maker identifies a function, not necessarily a manager with a specific title. That function is to allocate resources to and assess the performance of the segments of a public entity. Often the chief operating decision maker of a public entity is its chief executive officer or chief operating officer, but it may be a group consisting of, for example, the public entity's president, executive vice presidents, and others. Pursuant to Paragraph 280-10-50-10 a public entity shall report separately information about each operating segment that meets both of the following criteria: a. Has been identified in accordance with paragraphs 280-10-50-1 and 280-10-50-3 through 50-9 or results from aggregating two or more of those segments in accordance with the following paragraph; and b. Exceeds the quantitative thresholds in paragraph 280-10-50-12. In accordance with Paragraph 280-10-50-12 a public entity shall report separately information about an operating segment that meets any of the following quantitative thresholds: a. Its reported revenue, including both sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers, is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments. b. The absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount, of either: 1. The combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss, or 2. The combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss. c. Its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. Pursuant to Paragraphs 280-10-50-22 and 280-10-50-29, a public entity shall report a measure of profit or loss and total assets for each reportable segment and provide an explanation of the measurements of segment profit or loss and segment assets for each reportable segment. At a minimum, a public entity shall disclose all of the following: a. The basis of accounting for any transactions between reportable segments. b. The nature of any differences between the measurements of the reportable segments' profits or losses and the public entity's consolidated income (loss) before income tax provision, extraordinary items, and discontinued operations (if not apparent from the reconciliations described in paragraphs 280-10-50-30 through 50-31). c. The nature of any differences between the measurements of the reportable segments’ assets and the public entity's consolidated assets (if not apparent from the reconciliations described in paragraphs 280-10-50-30 through 50-31). d. The nature of any changes from prior periods in the measurement methods used to determine reported segment profit or loss and the effect, if any, of those changes on the measure of segment profit or loss. e. The nature and effect of any asymmetrical allocations to reportable segments. |
Subsequent Events [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Subsequent Events |
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The Company follows the guidance in Section 855-10-50 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company will evaluate subsequent events through the date when the financial statements are issued. Pursuant to ASU 2010-09 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, the Company as an SEC filer considers its financial statements issued when they are widely distributed to users, such as through filing them on EDGAR. |
Recently issued accounting pronouncements [Policy Text Block] | ' |
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
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In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU No. 2013-04, " Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date ." This ASU addresses the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of certain obligations resulting from joint and several arrangements including debt arrangements, other contractual obligations, and settled litigation and judicial rulings. The ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, " Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity ." This ASU addresses the accounting for the cumulative translation adjustment when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity. The guidance outlines the events when cumulative translation adjustments should be released into net income and is intended by FASB to eliminate some disparity in current accounting practice. This ASU is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-07, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205): Liquidation Basis of Accounting.” The amendments require an entity to prepare its financial statements using the liquidation basis of accounting when liquidation is imminent. Liquidation is imminent when the likelihood is remote that the entity will return from liquidation and either (a) a plan for liquidation is approved by the person or persons with the authority to make such a plan effective and the likelihood is remote that the execution of the plan will be blocked by other parties or (b) a plan for liquidation is being imposed by other forces (for example, involuntary bankruptcy). If a plan for liquidation was specified in the entity’s governing documents from the entity’s inception (for example, limited-life entities), the entity should apply the liquidation basis of accounting only if the approved plan for liquidation differs from the plan for liquidation that was specified at the entity’s inception. The amendments require financial statements prepared using the liquidation basis of accounting to present relevant information about an entity’s expected resources in liquidation by measuring and presenting assets at the amount of the expected cash proceeds from liquidation. The entity should include in its presentation of assets any items it had not previously recognized under U.S. GAAP but that it expects to either sell in liquidation or use in settling liabilities (for example, trademarks). The amendments are effective for entities that determine liquidation is imminent during annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim reporting periods therein. Entities should apply the requirements prospectively from the day that liquidation becomes imminent. Early adoption is permitted. |
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Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. |