Savings Plans, Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Employee Benefits | SAVINGS PLANS, PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SAVINGS PLANS Substantially all of our employees are eligible to participate in 401(k) savings plans. In 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , we made matching 401(k) contributions on behalf of our employees of $2.1 million , $2.0 million and $1.8 million , respectively. PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS On January 1, 2011, we froze our pension plans to any new salaried and hourly non-represented employees hired after that date. In late 2009, we restructured our health care and life insurance plans for the majority of our retirees, with the changes effective January 1, 2010. The level of subsidy was frozen for retirees so that all future increments in health care costs will be borne by the retirees. In addition, the retiree medical plans were redesigned for all retirees. For retirees under age 65, a high deductible medical plan was created and all other existing medical plans were terminated. These retirees were transferred to the new medical plan effective January 1, 2010. For retirees age 65 or over, the medical plan is divided into two components, with the company continuing to self-insure prescription drugs and providing a fully-insured medical supplemental plan through AARP/United Healthcare. Both medical plans require the retiree to contribute the amounts in excess of the company subsidy in order to continue coverage. Finally, vision, dental and life insurance coverage for these retirees were terminated. The effect of these retiree plan changes was a reduction in the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation of $76.7 million , which was recognized as of December 31, 2009. The retirees from our Arkansas wood products manufacturing facility are represented by a bargaining group and their retiree medical plan is covered by the collective bargaining agreement. We use a December 31 measurement date for our benefit plans and obligations. We recognize the underfunded status of our defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement employee benefit obligations on our Consolidated Balance Sheets . We recognize the changes in the funded status in the year in which changes occur through our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income . The change in benefit obligation, change in plan assets and funded status for company-sponsored benefit plans and obligations are as follows: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ (417,694 ) $ (393,565 ) $ (41,561 ) $ (47,343 ) Service cost (6,159 ) (5,081 ) (22 ) (25 ) Interest cost (17,012 ) (19,184 ) (1,456 ) (1,741 ) Actuarial gain (loss) 27,094 (49,990 ) 3,778 3,229 Benefits paid 31,700 50,126 3,790 4,319 Benefit obligation at end of year $ (382,071 ) $ (417,694 ) $ (35,471 ) $ (41,561 ) Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ 337,059 $ 350,588 $ — $ — Actual return on plan assets (14,970 ) 31,280 — — Employer contributions and benefit payments 1,811 5,317 3,790 4,319 Benefits paid (31,700 ) (50,126 ) (3,790 ) (4,319 ) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ 292,200 $ 337,059 $ — $ — Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets: Current liabilities $ (1,791 ) $ (1,774 ) $ (4,182 ) $ (4,486 ) Noncurrent liabilities (88,080 ) (78,861 ) (31,289 ) (37,075 ) Funded status $ (89,871 ) $ (80,635 ) $ (35,471 ) $ (41,561 ) The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans is determined using the actuarial present value and was $375.5 million and $410.4 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. PENSION ASSETS We utilize formal investment policy guidelines for our company-sponsored pension plan assets. Management insures that the investment policy and guidelines are adhered to and the investment objectives are met. The general policy states that plan assets will be invested to seek the greatest return consistent with the fiduciary character of the pension funds and to allow the plans to meet the need for timely pension benefit payments. The specific investment guidelines stipulate that management will maintain adequate liquidity for meeting expected benefit payments by reviewing, on a timely basis, contribution and benefit payment levels and appropriately revise long-term and short-term asset allocations. Management takes reasonable and prudent steps to preserve the value of pension fund assets and to avoid the risk of large losses. Major steps taken to provide this protection include the following: • Assets are diversified among various asset classes, such as domestic equities, global equities, fixed income, convertible securities and liquid reserves. The long-term asset allocation ranges are as follows: Domestic and international equities 24 % - 48% Fixed income securities 38 % - 58% Alternatives, which may include equities and fixed income securities 12 % - 18% Cash 0 % - 5% • Periodic reviews of allocations within these ranges are made to determine what adjustments should be made based on changing economic and market conditions and specific liquidity requirements. • Assets are managed by professional investment managers and may be invested in separately managed accounts or commingled funds. Assets are diversified by selecting different investment managers for each asset class and by limiting assets under each manager to no more than 25% of the total pension fund. • Assets are not invested in Potlatch stock. The investment guidelines also provide that the individual investment managers are expected to achieve a reasonable rate of return over a market cycle. Emphasis will be placed on long-term performance versus short-term market aberrations. Factors to be considered in determining reasonable rates of return include performance achieved by a diverse cross section of other investment managers, performance of commonly used benchmarks (e.g., Russell 3000 Index, Barclays Long Credit Index, Morgan Stanley Capital International Indexes), actuarial assumptions for return on plan investments and specific performance guidelines given to individual investment managers. The asset allocations of the pension benefit plans’ assets at December 31 by asset category are as follows: PENSION PLANS ASSET CATEGORY 2015 2014 Domestic and international equities 35 % 36 % Fixed income securities 48 48 Other (includes alternatives not classified as equities and fixed income securities) 17 16 Total 100 % 100 % The pension assets are stated at fair value. Refer to Note 10. Financial Instruments for discussion of the framework used to measure fair value. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value: • Corporate common and preferred stocks are valued at quoted market prices reported on the major securities markets, and are classified in Level 1. Investments in registered investment company funds for which market quotations are generally readily available are valued at the last reported sale price, official closing price or publicly available net asset value (NAV), or its equivalent on the primary market or exchange on which they are traded, and are classified in Level 1. • Investments in common and collective trust funds and hedge funds are generally valued based on their respective NAV (or its equivalent), as a practical expedient to estimate fair value due to the absence of readily available market prices. Investments that may be fully redeemed at NAV in the near-term are generally classified in Level 2. • Investments in funds that may not be fully redeemed at NAV in the near-term are generally classified in Level 3. We had no Level 3 investments at December 31, 2015 or 2014. Fair value measurements are as follows: (Dollars in thousands) DECEMBER 31, 2015 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Cash and equivalents $ 5,591 $ — $ 5,591 Domestic equity securities 1 26,253 25,619 51,872 International equity securities 2 411 25,733 26,144 Emerging markets 3 1,831 23,681 25,512 Fixed income securities 4 138,906 — 138,906 Alternatives 5 — 44,175 44,175 Total $ 172,992 $ 119,208 $ 292,200 (Dollars in thousands) DECEMBER 31, 2014 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Cash and equivalents $ 6,586 $ — $ 6,586 Equity securities: U.S. small/mid cap 6 1,136 — 1,136 International companies 13,782 — 13,782 Mutual funds 7 226,710 — 226,710 Collective investments: U.S. large cap 8 — 30,005 30,005 Developed markets 9 — 29,879 29,879 Emerging markets 10 — 28,961 28,961 Total $ 248,214 $ 88,845 $ 337,059 1 Level 1 assets are managed investments in U.S. small/mid-cap equities that track the Russell 2500 Growth index or Russell 2500 Value index. Level 2 assets are collective investments, which are invested in U.S. large-cap equities that track the S&P 500. 2 These collective investments are invested in equity funds of developed markets outside of the U.S. and Canada that track the MSCI EAFE Value index or MSCI EAFE Growth index. 3 Level 1 assets are mutual funds which are invested in the common stock of companies located (or with primary operations) in emerging markets that track the MSCI Emerging Markets index. Level 2 assets are collective investments in the common stock of companies located (or with primary operations) in emerging markets that track the MSCI Emerging Markets index. 4 These are mutual funds and investments in a diversified portfolio of fixed income instruments of varying maturities representing corporates, sovereign debt, U.S. treasuries, and municipals that track the Barclay's Long Term Credit index. 5 These are collective investments in inflation-indexed bonds, securities of real estate companies, commodity index-linked notes, fixed income securities, foreign currencies, securities of natural resource companies, master limited partnerships, publicly listed infrastructure companies, floating-rate debt, securities of global agriculture companies and securities of global timber companies. 6 These are managed investments in U.S. small/mid cap equities that track the Russell 2500 Growth index. 7 The mutual funds were 72% invested in high-quality intermediate and long-term investment grade securities, 22% invested in a diversified portfolio of fixed-income instruments of varying maturities, which may be represented by forwards or derivatives such as options, futures contracts or swap agreements and debt securities, and 6% invested in U.S. small/mid-cap equities that track the Russell 2500 Growth index. 8 These collective investments are invested in U.S. large cap equities that track the S&P 500. 9 These collective investments are invested in equity funds of developed markets outside of the United States & Canada, which track the MSCI EAFE Value or MSCI EAFE Growth index. 10 These collective investments are invested in equity funds of emerging markets outside of the United States & Canada, which track the MSCI Emerging Markets index. At January 1, 2014, $10.6 million in plan assets were held in hedge funds (level 3), which were sold and settled during 2014. PLAN ACTIVITY Pre-tax components of net periodic cost (benefit) recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Income were as follows: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Service cost $ 6,159 $ 5,081 $ 5,318 $ 22 $ 25 $ 94 Interest cost 17,012 19,184 17,826 1,456 1,741 1,810 Expected return on plan assets (20,804 ) (24,512 ) (26,092 ) — — — Amortization of prior service cost (credit) 605 748 779 (9,312 ) (9,641 ) (9,708 ) Amortization of actuarial loss 17,937 14,451 19,929 2,047 2,186 3,209 Net periodic cost (benefit) $ 20,909 $ 14,952 $ 17,760 $ (5,787 ) $ (5,689 ) $ (4,595 ) Other amounts recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income were as follows: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Net amount at beginning of year $ 134,261 $ 117,167 $ 161,667 $ (15,869 ) $ (18,447 ) $ (20,769 ) Amounts arising during the period: Net loss (gain) 8,680 43,223 (52,242 ) (3,777 ) (3,229 ) (2,692 ) Taxes (3,386 ) (16,857 ) 20,374 1,473 1,259 1,050 Net amount arising during the period 5,294 26,366 (31,868 ) (2,304 ) (1,970 ) (1,642 ) Amounts reclassified during the period: Amortization of prior service (cost) credit (605 ) (748 ) (779 ) 9,312 9,641 9,708 Amortization of actuarial loss (17,937 ) (14,451 ) (19,929 ) (2,047 ) (2,186 ) (3,209 ) Taxes 7,231 5,927 8,076 (2,833 ) (2,907 ) (2,535 ) Net reclassifications during the period (11,311 ) (9,272 ) (12,632 ) 4,432 4,548 3,964 Net amount at end of year $ 128,244 $ 134,261 $ 117,167 $ (13,741 ) $ (15,869 ) $ (18,447 ) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss on our Consolidated Balance Sheets , net of tax, consist of: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Net loss $ 127,307 $ 134,717 $ 9,634 $ (21,750 ) Prior service cost (credit) 937 (456 ) (23,375 ) 5,881 Net amount recognized $ 128,244 $ 134,261 $ (13,741 ) $ (15,869 ) The estimated net loss and prior service cost for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next year are $15.7 million and $0.5 million , respectively. The estimated net loss and prior service credit for OPEB obligations that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit over the next year are $1.7 million and $8.9 million , respectively. EXPECTED FUNDING AND BENEFIT PAYMENTS We are not required to make contributions to our qualified pension plans in 2016. Our non-qualified pension plan and postretirement employee benefit plans are unfunded and benefit payments are paid from our general assets. We estimate that we will make supplemental pension plan payments of $1.8 million in 2016. Estimated future benefit payments, which reflect expected future service are as follows for the years indicated: (Dollars in thousands) PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 2016 $ 28,602 $ 4,182 2017 28,250 3,917 2018 27,926 3,634 2019 27,673 3,380 2020 27,478 3,176 2021– 2025 132,612 12,584 ACTUARIAL ASSUMPTIONS The weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation as of December 31 were: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Discount rate 4.65 % 4.25 % 5.10 % 4.25 % 3.90 % 4.45 % Rate of salaried compensation increase 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 % — — — The weighted average assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit (cost) for the years ended December 31 were: PENSION PLANS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Discount rate 4.25 % 5.10 % 4.15 % 3.90 % 4.45 % 3.70 % Expected return on plan assets 6.75 % 7.50 % 8.00 % — — — Rate of salaried compensation increase 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.50 % — — — The discount rate used in the determination of pension and other postretirement employee benefit obligations was calculated using hypothetical bond portfolios to match the expected benefit payments under each of our pension plans and other postretirement employee benefit obligations based on bonds available at each year-end with a rating of "AA" or better. The portfolios were well-diversified over corporate industrial, corporate financial, municipal, federal and foreign government issuers. The expected return on plan assets assumption is based upon an analysis of historical long-term returns for various investment categories, as measured by appropriate indices. These indices are weighted based upon the extent to which plan assets are invested in the particular categories in arriving at our determination of a composite expected return. The expected rate of return assumption that will be used to determine net periodic cost for 2016 is 6.50%. The assumed health care cost trend rate used to calculate other postretirement employee benefit obligations as of December 31, 2015 was 7.70% for a certain group of participants under age 65 in our hourly plan and our Arkansas participants covered by a collective bargaining agreement, grading ratably to an assumption of 4.40% in 2075. A one percentage point change in the health care cost trend rates would have the following effects on our December 31, 2015 Consolidated Financial Statements : (Dollars in thousands) 1% INCREASE 1% DECREASE Effect on total service cost plus interest cost $ 3,397 $ (3,262 ) Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 63,216 (63,216 ) |