Preferred Shares. We do not have any preferred shares currently outstanding. Pursuant to our articles of amalgamation, our Board hasthe authority, without further action by our shareholders, to issue from time to time preferred shares in one or more series. Our Board may by resolution fix from time to time before the issue thereof the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to each series of the preferred shares, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption rights, liquidation preference, sinking fund terms, and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. The issuance of preferred shares could have the effect of restricting dividends on our common shares, diluting the voting power of our common shares, impairing the liquidation rights of our common shares, or delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control. Such issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common shares. Any preferred shares so issued may rank senior to our common shares with respect to the payment of dividends or amounts upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or both. Pursuant to our articles of amalgamation, the Board may not issue any preferred shares if by doing so the aggregate number of preferred shares that would then be issued and outstanding would exceed by 20% of the aggregate number of common shares then issued and outstanding. We currently have no plans to issue any preferred shares.
Shareholder Approval; Vote on Extraordinary Corporate Transactions. Under the ABCA, certain extraordinary corporate actions, such as a name change, amalgamations (other than with certain affiliated corporations), continuances to another jurisdiction and sales, leases or exchanges of all, or substantially all, of the property of a corporation (other than in the ordinary course of business), and other extraordinary corporate actions such as liquidations, dissolutions and arrangements (if ordered by a court), are required to be approved by a “special resolution” of shareholders.
A “special resolution” is a resolution (i) passed by a majority of not less thantwo-thirds of the votes cast by the shareholders who voted in respect of the resolution, or (ii) signed by all shareholders entitled to vote on the resolution. In specified cases, a special resolution to approve an extraordinary corporate action is required to be approved separately by the holders of a class or series of shares, including in certain cases a class or series of shares not otherwise carrying voting rights.
Amendments to the Governing Documents. Under the ABCA, amendments to the articles of a corporation generally require approval by special resolution of shareholders. If the proposed amendment would affect a particular class of shares in certain specified ways, the holders of shares of that class are entitled to vote separately as a class on the proposed amendment, whether or not the shares otherwise carry the right to vote.
The ABCA allows the directors, by resolution, to make, amend or repeal anyby-laws that regulate the business or affairs of the corporation. When directors make, amend or repeal aby-law, they are required, under the ABCA, to submit the change to shareholders at the next meeting of shareholders. Shareholders may confirm, reject or amend theby-law, the amendment or the repeal with the approval of a majority of the votes cast by shareholders who voted on the resolution. If aby-law, or an amendment or a repeal of aby-law, is rejected by the shareholders, or if the directors do not submit aby-law, or an amendment or a repeal of aby-law, to the shareholders, theby-law, amendment or repeal ceases to be effective and no subsequent resolution of the directors to make, amend or repeal aby-law having substantially the same purpose or effect is effective until it is confirmed or confirmed as amended by the shareholders.
Quorum of Shareholders. The ABCA provides that, unless theby-laws provide otherwise, a quorum of shareholders is present at a meeting of shareholders (irrespective of the number of persons actually present at the meeting) if holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting are present in person or represented by proxy. Theby-laws provide that a quorum is present if there are at least two persons present in person representing, in the aggregate, not less than 25% of the outstanding shares carrying voting rights at the meeting. In connection with our listing on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”), we have undertaken to present, and will present, at our next annual and special meeting of shareholders to be held on May 22, 2020, an amendment to ourby-laws that would set the quorum threshold at33-1/3% of our outstanding common shares (represented either in person or by proxy) for future meetings of shareholders. We have also undertaken to postpone or adjourn the meeting unless at least33-1/3% of our outstanding common shares are represented, either in person or by proxy, at the meeting. Should our shareholders not approve theby-law quorum amendment at this meeting, we will postpone or adjourn any future meetings of shareholders unless at least33-1/3% of our outstanding common shares are represented at such meetings and will continue to present theby-law quorum amendment at future meetings of shareholders until passed.