Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Share-Based Compensation
Share-based compensation primarily consists of grants of nonvested or restricted shares of common stock, stock options and RSUs issued to employees. We have applied SFAS No. 123R for our share-based compensation plans for all periods since the incorporation of Himax Taiwan in 2001. The cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based instruments issued. The cost of employee services is equal to the grant-date fair value of shares issued to employees and is recognized in earnings over the service period. Share-based compensation expense estimates also take into account the number of shares awarded that management believes will eventually vest. We adjust our estimate each period to reflect the current estimate of forfeitures. As of December 31, 2007, we based our share-based compensation cost on an assumed forfeiture rate of 11% per annum for awards granted under our long-term incentive plan. If actual forfeitures occur at a lower rate, share-based compensation costs will increase in future periods.
When estimating the fair value of our ordinary shares prior to our initial public offering, we reviewed both internal and external sources of information. The sources we used to determine the fair value of the underlying shares at the date of measurement have been subjective in nature and based on, among other factors:
• | our financial condition as of the date of grant; |
• | our financial and operating prospects at that time; |
• | for certain issuances in 2001 and early 2002, the price of new shares issued to unrelated third parties; |
• | for certain issuances in 2002, 2003 and 2004, an independent third-party retrospective analysis of the historical value of our common shares, which utilized both a net asset-based methodology and market and peer group comparables (including average price/earnings, enterprise value/sales, enterprise value/earnings before interest and tax, and enterprise value/earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization); and |
• | for our issuance of RSUs in 2005, an independent third-party analysis of the current and future value of our ordinary shares, which utilized both discounted cash flow and market value approaches, using multiples such as price/earnings, forward price/earnings, enterprise value/earnings before interest and tax, and forward enterprise value/earnings before interest and tax. |
Changes in any of these factors or assumptions could have resulted in different estimates of the fair value of our common shares and the related amounts of share-based compensation.
Based on these factors, we estimated the fair value per share of nonvested shares issued to certain employees in June 2001, November 2001, and January 2002 at NT$4.02 ($0.116) per share and the fair value of 596,897 shares (adjusted for stock splits) granted to two consultants in 2002 at $68,000. Similarly, we estimated the fair value per share of employee bonus shares on the date of shareholder approval to be NT$39.44 ($1.15) per share and NT$67.13 ($1.96) per share in 2003 and 2004, respectively. These employee bonus shares were issued in relation to employee services provided in 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. We estimated the fair value of treasury shares issued to employees at prices ranging from NT$15.32 ($0.46) per share to NT$19.93 ($0.58) per share in 2002 and NT$20.17 ($0.58) per share to NT$52.10 ($1.54) per share in 2003. We estimated the fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the RSUs granted to our directors and employees at $8.62 per share in 2005. For our issuance of RSUs in 2006 and 2007, the fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the RSUs granted to our employees, was $5.71 and $3.95 per share, respectively, which was the closing price of our ADSs on September 29, 2006 and September 26, 2007, respectively.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Sales Returns and Discounts
We record a reduction to revenues and accounts receivable by establishing a sales discount and return allowance for estimated sales discounts and product returns at the time revenues are recognized based primarily on historical
discount and return rates. However, if sales discount and product returns for a particular fiscal period exceed historical rates, we may determine that additional sales discount and return allowances are required to properly reflect our estimated remaining exposure for sales discounts and product returns. We evaluate our outstanding accounts receivable on a monthly basis for collectibility purposes. In establishing the required allowance, we consider our historical collection experience, current receivable aging and the current trend in the credit quality of our customers. The movement in the allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and discounts for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 is as follows:
| | Balance at | | Additions charged | | | | | | Balance at | |
Year | | Beginning of Year | | | to expense | | Amounts Utilized | | | End of Year | |
| (in thousands) | |
| | |
December 31, 2005 | | $ | 240 | | | $ | 398 | | | $ | (457 | ) | | $ | 181 | |
December 31, 2006 | | $ | 181 | | | $ | 2,843 | | | $ | (2,156 | ) | | $ | 868 | |
December 31, 2007 | | $ | 868 | | | $ | 1,705 | | | $ | (2,080 | ) | | $ | 493 | |
Inventory
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the weighted-average method. For work-in-process and manufactured inventories, cost consists of the cost of raw materials (primarily fabricated wafers and processed tape), direct labor and an appropriate proportion of production overheads. We also write down excess and obsolete inventory to its estimated market value based upon estimations about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional future inventory write-downs may be required which could adversely affect our operating results. Once written down, inventories are carried at this lower amount until sold or scrapped. If actual market conditions are more favorable, we may have higher operating income when such products are sold. Sales to date of such products have not had a significant impact on our operating income. The inventory write-downs for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was approximately $927,000, $5.2 million and $14.8 million, respectively, and are included in cost of revenues in our consolidated statements of income. The inventory write-down was particularly high in 2007 primarily due to excess inventory issues related to shorter-than-expected product life cycle for certain products and the revision of certain customer forecasts, which also partially contributed to decreased demand as customers shifted to more advanced products.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We routinely review our long-lived assets that are held and used for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The estimate of cash flows is based upon, among other things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance, average selling prices, utilization rates and other factors. If the sum of the undiscounted cash flows (excluding interest) is less than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount that the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value, based on the best information available, including discounted cash flow analysis. However, due to the cyclical nature of our industry and changes in our business strategy, market requirements, or the needs of our customers, we may not always be in a position to accurately anticipate declines in the utility of our equipment or acquired technology until they occur. We have not had any impairment charges on long-lived assets during the period from December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2007.
Business Combinations
When we acquire businesses, we allocate the purchase price to tangible assets and liabilities and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Any residual purchase price is recorded as goodwill. The allocation of the purchase price requires management to make significant estimates in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, especially with respect to intangible assets. These estimates are based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies. These estimates can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows
Goodwill
We review goodwill for impairment at least annually, and test for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at a reporting unit level. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value (including goodwill). If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit and we perform step two of the impairment test (measurement). Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combination. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. We consider the enterprise as a whole to be the reporting unit for purposes of evaluating goodwill impairment. Consequently, we determine the fair value of the reporting unit using the quoted market price of our ordinary shares. Based on the annual impairment testing of goodwill, we concluded that there was no impairment in 2007.
Product Warranty
Under our standard terms and conditions of sale, products sold are subject to a limited product quality warranty. We may receive warranty claims outside the scope of the standard terms and conditions. We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized based primarily on historical experience and any specifically identified quality issues. The movement in accrued warranty costs for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 is as follows:
| | Balance at | | | Additions charged | | | | | | Balance at | |
Year | | Beginning of Year | | | to expense | | | Amounts Utilized | | | End of Year | |
| | (in thousands) | |
| | | |
December 31, 2005 | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 1,415 | | | $ | (1,377 | ) | | $ | 545 | |
December 31, 2006 | | $ | 545 | | | $ | 2,101 | | | $ | (2,016 | ) | | $ | 630 | |
December 31, 2007 | | $ | 630 | | | $ | 799 | | | $ | (1,094 | ) | | $ | 335 | |
Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, our management is required to estimate income taxes and tax bases of assets and liabilities for us and our subsidiaries. This process involves estimating current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes and the amount of tax credits and tax loss carryforwards. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the consolidated balance sheets. Management must then assess the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent it believes that recovery is not more likely than not, a valuation allowance is provided.
In assessing the ability to realize deferred tax assets, our management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets and therefore the determination of the valuation allowance is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income by the taxable entity during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of different liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in determining the valuation allowance.
Prior to the adoption of FIN 48, we recognized the effect of income tax positions only if such positions were probable of being sustained. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. We have accrued tax liabilities or reduced deferred tax assets to address potential exposures involving positions that are not considered to be more likely than not of being sustained based on the technical merits of the tax position as filed. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of uncertain tax positions is as follows (in thousands):
Balance on January 1, 2007 | | $ | 1,276 | |
Increase related to prior year tax positions | | | 503 | |
Increase related to current year tax positions | | | 2,189 | |
| | | | |
Balance on December 31, 2007 | | | 3,968 | |
Except for Himax Taiwan and Himax Technologies Anyang Limited (based in South Korea), or Himax Anyang, all other subsidiaries have generated tax losses since inception and are not included in the consolidated tax filing with Himax Taiwan. Valuation allowance of $3.3 million, $6.3 million and $12.3 million as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, was provided to reduce their deferred tax assets (consisting primarily of operating loss carryforwards and unused investment tax credits) to zero because management believes it is unlikely that these tax benefits will be realized. The additional provision of valuation allowance recognized for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was $2.4 million, $3.0 million and $6.0 million, respectively, as a result of increases in deferred tax assets originating in these years which we did not expect to realize.
Results of Operations
Our business has evolved rapidly and significantly since we commenced operations in 2001. Our limited operating history makes the prediction of future operating results very difficult. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance. On February 1, 2007, we acquired 100% of the outstanding ordinary shares of Wisepal. The results of Wisepal’s operations has been included in our consolidated financial statements since that date. The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated statements of income as a percentage of revenues:
| | Year Ended December 31, | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Revenues | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100 | % |
Costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 77.6 | | | | 80.8 | | | | 78.0 | |
Research and development | | | 7.6 | | | | 8.1 | | | | 8.0 | |
General and administrative | | | 1.3 | | | | 1.3 | | | | 1.6 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 0.9 | | | | 0.9 | | | | 1.0 | |
Total costs and expenses | | | 87.4 | | | | 91.1 | | | | 88.6 | |
Operating income | | | 12.6 | | | | 8.9 | | | | 11.4 | |
Other non operating income | | | 0.5 | | | | 0.5 | | | | 0.7 | |
Income tax expenses (benefit) | | | 1.7 | | | | (0.7 | ) | | | (0.2 | ) |
Net income | | | 11.4 | | | | 10.1 | | | | 12.3 | |
Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
Revenues. Our revenues increased 23.3% to $918.2 million in 2007 from $744.5 million in 2006. This increase was primarily due to a 21.9% increase in unit shipments of display drivers for large-sized applications, partially offset by a 3.9% decrease in average selling prices of such products. This increase was also attributable to an increase of unit shipments for display drivers for mobile handsets, but was partially offset by a 33.6% decrease in the average selling prices of such products. The increase in unit shipments was primarily due to increased demand from our customers, especially CMO and its affiliates, because they expanded their production capacity, as well as an increase in the demand of large panel televisions in 2007. In general, the average selling prices of our display drivers decline from year to year due to a combination of the pricing pressure we face from our customers, the general industry trend of declining average selling prices of semiconductors over a product’s life cycle, and the introduction of newer, lower-cost display drivers. The relatively small decrease in the average selling prices for display drivers for large-sized applications was primarily due to product migration to higher channel display drivers, which generally have higher average selling prices, and less downward pricing pressure from TFT-LCD makers in 2007.
Costs and Expenses. Costs and expenses increased 19.9% to $814.3 million in 2007 from $679.0 million in 2006. As a percentage of revenues, costs and expenses decreased to 88.6% in 2007 compared to 91.1% in 2006.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased 19.0% to $716.2 million in 2007 from $601.6 million in 2006. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily due to an increase in unit shipments. The inventory write-down was particularly high in 2007 primarily due to excess inventory issues related to shorter-than-expected product life cycle for certain products and the revision of certain customer forecasts, which also partially contributed to decreased demand as customers shifted to more advanced products. The inventory write-downs for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 was approximately $5.2 million and $14.8 million, respectively. As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues decreased to 78.0% in 2007 from 80.8% in 2006. The decrease in cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues was primarily due to (1) a change in product mix, as the percentage of revenues from sale of small and medium-sized display drivers (which typically have higher gross margins) increased, and (2) through cost reduction efforts achieved by improving designs and processes, increasing manufacturing yields and leveraging our scale, volume requirements and close relationships with semiconductor manufacturing service providers and suppliers.
• | Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased 21.8% to $73.9 million in 2007 from $60.7 million in the 2006, primarily due to the increase in share-based compensation expenses, salary expenses, and amortization. The increase in salary expenses was due to a 11.7% increase in headcount and higher average salaries. The increase in share-based compensation expenses resulted from our increase in headcount and our grant of RSUs to certain employees in 2007. The increase is also a result of the increase in the amortization of intangible assets related to the Wisepal acquisition, and prepaid maintenance costs. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in prototype wafer and processed tape costs. |
• | General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased 52.7% to $14.9 million in 2007 from $9.8 million in 2006, primarily due to an increase in depreciation, share-based compensation expenses, salary expenses and professional fees. The increase in depreciation was mainly the result of increased building and office equipment depreciation at our Tainan headquarters; our new headquarters was completed in November 2006, and a year's worth of depreciation was provided in 2007, while in 2006 depreciation was provided for two months only. The increase in share-based compensation expenses resulted from our increase in headcount and our grant of RSUs to certain employees in 2007. The increase in salary expenses was due to a 30.0% increase in headcount and higher average salaries. The increase in general and administration expenses is also partially attributable to the increase in patent filing fees. |
• | Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased 33.9% to $9.3 million from $7.0 million in 2006, primarily due to an increase in salary, share-based compensation and amortization expenses. The increase in salary expenses was due to a 33.3% increase in headcount. The increase in share-based compensation expenses resulted from our increase in headcount and our grant of RSUs to certain employees in 2007. The increase in sales and marketing expenses was also attributable to the amortization of intangible assets (customer relationships) related to from the Wisepal acquisition. |
Non-Operating Income (Loss). We had non-operating income of $5.7 million in 2007 compared to $3.9 million in 2006. The primary component of our non-operating income is interest income amounting to $5.4 million and $5.9 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in non-operating income in 2007 is primarily a result of a $1.5 million impairment loss we recognized in 2006 for the write-off of our equity investment in LightMaster Systems Inc., which filed for bankruptcy in 2006. We did not have any impairment loss in 2007.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). We recognized an income tax benefit of $1.9 million in 2007 compared to an income tax benefit of $5.4 million in 2006. Our effective income tax rate decreased from (7.8)% in 2006 to (1.7)% in 2007. The decrease in income tax benefit is due to the additional accrual of tax expenses amounting to $3.9 million as a result of the most recent assessment from the tax authority. The decrease is also partially due to the fact that the valuation allowance provided for the deferred tax assets recognized in 2007 is $2.6 million higher than that provided in 2006. For subsidiaries still in a tax loss position, a valuation allowance was provided to reduce their deferred tax assets to zero as we do not expect these tax benefits will be realized. The decrease in income tax benefit was partially offset by an increase in tax-exempted income, and an increase in investment tax credits compared to 2006.
Net Income. As a result of the foregoing, our net income increased to $112.6 million in 2007 from $75.2 million in 2006.
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Revenues. Our revenues increased 37.8% to $744.5 million in 2006 from $540.2 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due to a 59.4% increase in unit shipments of display drivers for large-sized applications, partially offset by a 14.3% decrease in average selling prices of such products. This increase was also attributable to an increase of unit shipments for display drivers for mobile handsets, which more than doubled, but was partially offset by a 24.0% decrease in average selling prices of such products. The increase in unit shipments was primarily due to the increased number of panels shipped by our customers as well as our increased market share with certain major customers. The decrease in the average selling prices of our display drivers was primarily due to a combination of the pricing pressure we faced from our customers, the general industry trend of declining average selling prices of semiconductors over a product's life cycle, the introduction of newer, lower-cost display drivers, as well as our ability reduce per unit cost of revenues in order to meet such pressure.
Costs and Expenses. Costs and expenses increased 43.8% to $679.0 million in 2006 from $472.2 million in 2005. As a percentage of revenues, costs and expenses increased to 91.1% in 2006 compared to 87.4% in 2005.
• | Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased 43.4% to $601.6 million in 2006 from $419.4 million in 2005. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily due to an increase in unit shipments. As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues increased to 80.8% in 2006 compared to 77.6% in 2005, primarily as a result of a decrease in the average selling prices of our display drivers. We were able to partially offset such declines by decreasing per unit costs associated with the manufacturing, assembly, testing and delivery of our products. This is a result of our cost reduction efforts achieved by improving designs and processes, increasing manufacturing yields and leveraging our scale of production, volume requirements and close relationships with semiconductor manufacturing service providers and suppliers, as well as our strategy of sourcing from multiple service providers and suppliers in order to obtain better pricing. |
• | Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased 46.9% to $60.7 million in 2006 from $41.3 million in 2005, primarily due to the increase in share-based compensation expenses and salary expenses. The increase in salary expenses was due to a 27.6% increase in headcount and higher average salaries. The increase was also partially a result of increased mask costs and prototype wafer and processed tape costs associated with an increased number of new products introduced. The increase in share-based compensation expenses resulted from our increase in headcount and our grant of RSUs to certain employees in 2006. |
• | General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased 43.9% to $9.8 million in 2006 from $6.8 million in 2005, primarily due to an increase in share-based compensation expenses and salary expenses. The increase in share-based compensation expenses resulted from our grant of RSUs to certain employees in |
2006. The increase in salary expenses was due to higher average salaries. This increase was also partially the result of increased depreciation expense and fees relating to patent filings.
• | Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased 46.4% to $7.0 million in 2006 from $4.8 million in 2005, primarily due to an increase in salary expenses and share-based compensation expenses. The increase in salary expenses was due to a 44.6% increase in headcount. The increase in share-based compensation expenses also resulted from our increase in headcount and our grant of RSUs to certain employees in 2006. The increase in sales and marketing expenses was also partially attributable to increased travel expenses resulting from increased sales activity. |
Non-Operating Income (Loss). We had non-operating income of $3.9 million in 2006 compared to $2.3 million in 2005, primarily as a result of a significant increase in interest income due to higher cash balance on hand from the proceeds of our initial public offering. This was partially offset by an impairment loss of $1.5 million recognized from our write- off of our equity investment in LightMaster Systems Inc., which filed for bankruptcy in 2006.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). We recognized an income tax benefit of $5.4 million in 2006 compared to an income tax expense of $8.9 million in 2005. Our effective income tax rate decreased from 12.7% in 2005 to (7.8)% in 2006, primarily due to an increase in tax-exempted income, non-deductible share-based compensation expenses, a tax benefit from the distribution of the prior year’s income and an increase in investment tax credits compared to 2005, partially offset by the effect of an enacted change in Taiwan’s tax laws in 2006 and the increase of valuation allowance provided to reduce certain subsidiaries' deferred tax assets to zero.
Net Income. As a result of the foregoing, our net income increased to $75.2 million in 2006 from a net income of $61.6 million in 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 12,464 | | | $ | 29,696 | | | $ | 77,162 | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (25,363 | ) | | | (8,927 | ) | | | (25,019 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | | 14,404 | | | | 81,886 | | | | (67,241 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 1,509 | | | | 102,667 | | | | (14,973 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 5,577 | | | | 7,086 | | | | 109,753 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | | 7,086 | | | | 109,753 | | | | 94,780 | |
Prior to being a public company, we financed our operations primarily through the issuance of shares in Himax Taiwan. As of December 31, 2007, we had $94.8 million in cash and cash equivalents.
Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $77.2 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $29.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to the increase in cash collected from customers, resulting from higher revenues and comparable overall days sales outstanding in 2007 as in 2006. The increase in operating cash inflows was partially offset by the increase in cash used to purchase raw materials (primarily fabricated wafer and processed tape) and to pay assembly and testing process fees, which resulted from the increase in production. The increase in operating cash inflow was also partially offset by RSUs granted that vested immediately on the grant date in September 2007 and settled in cash, which amounted to $14.4 million, and by the net increase in operating expenditures such as salaries and rent. Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $29.7 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. Net cash provided
by operating activities increased in 2006 primarily due to the increase in cash collected from customers, resulting from higher revenues despite the extension of payment terms to certain of our customers in 2006. The increase in operating cash inflows was partially offset by the increase in cash used to purchase raw materials (primarily fabricated wafer and processed tape) and to pay assembly and testing process fees, which resulted from the increase in production. The increase in operating cash inflows was also partially offset by the increase in payment of income tax by $4.5 million and other operating expenditures in 2006.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $25.0 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of $8.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This change was primarily due to the release of restricted cash equivalents and marketable securities of $13.9 million in 2006, with no corresponding release in 2007 and an increase in for available-for-sale marketable securities. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $8.9 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. This change was primarily due to a decrease in net proceeds generated from the purchase and sale of available-for-sale marketable securities of $8.8 million, when compared to the year ended December 31, 2005 and an increase in the purchase of property and equipment as a result of the payment of construction costs in connection with our new headquarters in the Tree Valley Industrial Park. This decrease was offset by the release of restricted cash equivalents and marketable securities of $27.7 million.
Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $67.2 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $81.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, primarily due to the distribution of cash dividends in 2007 and proceeds received in our initial public offering in 2006, partially offset by an increase in proceeds from the issuance of new shares by subsidiaries and an increase in net repayment of short-term debt. Net cash provided by financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2006 was $81.9 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $14.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2005, primarily due to proceeds received in our initial public offering which was offset by the repayment of short-term debt and our repurchase of ordinary shares.
Our liquidity could be negatively impacted by a decrease in demand for our products. Our products are subject to rapid technological change, among other factors, which could result in revenue variability in future periods. Further, we expect to continue increasing our headcount, especially in engineering and sales, to pursue growth opportunities and keep pace with changes in technology. Should demand for our products slow down or fail to grow as expected, our increased headcount would result in sustained losses and reductions in our cash balance. We have at times agreed to extend the payment terms for certain of our customers. Other customers have also requested extension of payment terms and we may grant such requests for extensions in the future. The extension of payment terms for our customers could adversely affect our cash flow, liquidity and our operating results.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. We may, however, require additional cash resources due to higher than expected growth in our business or other changing business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts focus on improving and enhancing our core technologies and know-how relating to semiconductor solutions for flat panel displays and advanced televisions with particular emphasis on our three major product lines. Although a significant portion of the resources at our integrated circuit design center are invested in advanced research for future products, we continue to invest in improving the performance and reducing the costs of our existing products. Our application engineers, who provide on-system verification of semiconductors and product specifications, and field application engineers, who provide on-site engineering support at our customers’ offices, work
closely with panel manufacturers to co-develop display solutions for their electronic devices. In 2005, 2006 and 2007, we incurred research and development expenses of $41.3 million, $60.7 million and $73.9 million, respectively, representing 7.6%, 8.1% and 8.0% of our revenues, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2007, we did not have any off-balance sheet guarantees, interest rate swap transactions or foreign currency forwards. We do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2007, we did not have any interests in variable interest entities.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2007:
| | Payment Due by Period | |
| | Total | | | Less than | | | 1-3 years | | | 3-5 years | | | | |
| | (in thousands) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating lease obligations | | | 1,069 | | | | 827 | | | | 242 | | | | – | | | | – | |
Purchase obligations(1) | | | 63,655 | | | | 63,655 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | |
Other obligations(2) | | | 2,367 | | | | 1,442 | | | | 925 | | | | – | | | | – | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 67,091 | | | | 65,924 | | | | 1,167 | | | | – | | | | – | |
Notes: (1) Includes obligations for wafer fabrication, raw materials and supplies.
(2) Includes obligations under license agreements and donations for laboratories commitments.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, we had entered into several contracts for the acquisition of equipment and computer software and the construction of our new headquarters. Total contract prices amounted to $7.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the remaining commitments were $2.8 million and $100,000, respectively.
In August 2004, we entered into a license agreement for the use of certain central processing unit cores for product development. In accordance with the agreement, we are required to pay a license fee based on the progress of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. The initial license fee of $100,000 was charged to research and development expense in 2004; no fees or royalties were paid in 2005. We also paid a license fee of $200,000 in 2006; however, no fees or royalties were paid in 2007.
In March 2005, we entered into a license agreement for the use of USB 2.0 relevant technology for product development. In accordance with the agreement, we were required to pay an initial license fee based on the progress of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. No license fee was paid in 2005. The license fee charged to research and development expense in 2006 and 2007 was $10,000 and $250,000, respectively. In 2007, no royalty was paid.
In June 2007, we entered into a license agreement for the use of Analogix HDMI 1.3 receiver core relevant technology for product development. In accordance with the agreement, we were required to pay an initial license fee based on the progress of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. The license fee paid and charged to research and development expense in 2007 was $0.5 million. In 2007, no royalty was paid.
We completed construction of our new headquarters located in the Tree Valley Industrial Park in 2006. The facility occupies 22,172 square meters and houses our research and development, engineering, sales and marketing, operations and general administrative staff. The land (31,800 square meters) is owned by us. The total costs were approximately $25.8 million, of which approximately $10.2 million was for the land and approximately $15.6 million was for the construction of the building and related facilities (which included architect fees, general contractor fees, building
materials, the purchase and installation of network, clean room, and office equipment and other fixtures). We have already paid for the land and approximately $0.8 million, $9.7 million and $5.1 million of the materials, the purchase and installation of network, clean room, and office equipment and other fixtures). We have already paid for the land and approximately $0.8 million, $9.7 million and $5.1 million of the construction costs were paid in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, and we have no further obligations regarding our new headquarters.
We also lease office and building space pursuant to operating lease arrangements with unrelated third parties. The lease arrangement will expire gradually from 2008 to 2010. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, deposits paid amounted to $477,000 and $371,000, respectively, and were recorded as refundable deposit in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2007, future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases totaled $827,000 in 2008, $226,000 in 2009 and $16,000 in 2010. Rental expenses for operating leases amounted to $1.3 million, $1.8 million and $1.9 million in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
Our current corporate structure was established as a result of a share exchange between us and the former shareholders of Himax Taiwan. The ROC Investment Commission approved the share exchange, subject to our satisfying several undertakings we gave in connection with our application seeking approval of the share exchange: Himax Taiwan submitted to the ROC Investment Commission its annual financial statements audited by a certified public accountant and other relevant supporting documents in connection with the implementation of the above-mentioned undertakings within four months after the end of each of 2005, 2006 and 2007. As of the date of this report we have satisfied our ROC undertakings.
Under the ROC Labor Standard Law, we established a defined benefit plan and were required to make monthly contributions to a pension fund in an amount equal to 2% of wages and salaries of our employees. Under the newly effective ROC Labor Pension Act, beginning on July 1, 2005, we are required to make a monthly contribution for employees that elect to participate in the new defined contribution plan of no less than 6% of the employee’s monthly wages, to the employee’s individual pension fund account. Substantially all participants in the defined benefit plan have elected to participate in the newly defined contribution plan. Participants’ accumulated benefits under the defined benefit plan are not impacted by their election to change plans. We are required to make contributions to the defined benefit plan until it is fully funded. As a result, our monthly contribution to the pension fund increased to $68,211 in July 2005 compared to $15,646 in June 2005, and we expect to contribute at this increased rate in the future. Total contributions to the new defined contribution plan in 2007 were $967,000 compared to $855,000 and $217,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Total contributions to the defined benefit plan and the new defined contribution plan in 2007 were $1.3 million compared to $1.1 million and $412,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. This increase has not, and is not expected to have, a material effect on our cash flows or results of operations.
Inflation
Inflation in Taiwan has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. However, an increase in inflation can lead to increases in our costs and lower our profit margins. According to the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, ROC, the change of consumer price index in Taiwan was 2.3%, 0.6% and 1.8% in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurement, or SFAS No. 157. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for the measurement of fair value, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measures. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fair value measures already required or permitted by other standards for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (January 1, 2008 for us) and is to be applied prospectively. Subsequently in February 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP“) FAS 157-1 “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurement for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13,” and FSP FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157.” FSP FAS 157-1 amends the scope of SFAS No. 157 and other accounting standards that address fair value measurements for purpose of lease classification
or measurement under Statement 13. The FSP is effective on initial adoption of SFAS No. 157. FSP FAS 157-2 defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. Management does not expect the initial adoption of SFAS No. 157, FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157- 2 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS Statement No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R), or SFAS No. 158. As described in Note 2 (o), effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158. SFAS No. 158 also requires plan assets and benefit obligations be measured as of the date of the fiscal year-end statement of financial position with limited exceptions. The measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008, and will not be applied retroactively. The measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 are consistent with the Company’s current policies and management does not anticipate that the adoption of the measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 will have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 or SFAS No. 159. SFAS No. 159 gives the Company the irrevocable option to carry most financial assets and liabilities at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. If the fair value option is elected, changes in fair value would be recorded in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. Management has elected not to adopt this optional standard.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141R, Business Combinations or SFAS No. 141R and FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment to ARB No. 51 or SFAS No. 160. SFAS No. 141R and 160 require most identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at “full fair value” and require noncontrolling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be reported as a component of equity, which changes the accounting for transactions with noncontrolling interest holders. Both Statements are effective for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141R will be applied to business combinations occurring after the effective date. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests, including any that arose before the effective date. The initial adoption of SFAS No. 160 is expected to result only in a reclassification of our noncontrolling interest to shareholders’ equity.
Directors and Senior Management
Members of our board of directors may be elected by our directors or our shareholders. Our board of directors consists of five directors, two of whom will be independent directors within the meaning of Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. Marketplace Rules, or the Nasdaq Rules, as amended from time to time. Other than Jordan Wu and Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, who are brothers, there are no family relationships between any of our directors and executive officers. The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of June 1, 2008. Our directors and executive officers all assumed their respective positions at our company, Himax Technologies, Inc., after our shareholders’ meeting and board meeting, which were both held on October 25, 2005. Unless otherwise indicated, the positions or titles indicated in the table below refer to Himax Technologies, Inc.
Directors and Executive Officers | | Age | | Position/Title |
Dr. Biing-Seng Wu | 50 | | Chairman of the Board |
Jordan Wu | 47 | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Jung-Chun Lin | 59 | | Director |
Dr. Chun-Yen Chang | 70 | | Director |
Yuan-Chuan Horng | 56 | | Director |
Chih-Chung Tsai | 52 | | Chief Technology Officer, Senior Vice President |
Max Chan | 41 | | Chief Financial Officer |
Baker Bai | 50 | | Vice President, Incubator System Design Center |
John Chou | 49 | | Vice President, Quality & Reliability Assurance & Support Design Center |
Norman Hung | 50 | | Vice President, Sales and Marketing |
Directors
Dr. Biing-Seng Wu is the chairman of our board of directors. Dr. Wu is also the chairman of the board of directors of Himax Taiwan, Himax Display, Himax Analogic and Himax Imaging. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, Dr. Wu served as president, chief executive officer and a director of Himax Taiwan and chairman, president and chief executive officer of Himax Display. Dr. Wu is also a director of Himax Anyang and serves as a director, executive vice president and chief technology officer of CMO, a TFT-LCD panel manufacturer, and a director of Chi Lin Technology Co., Ltd., an electronics manufacturing service provider, Chi Mei El Corp., an OLED company, and Nexgen Mediatech Inc., a TFT-LCD television manufacturer. Dr. Wu has been active in the TFT-LCD panel industry for over 20 years and is a member of the boards of the Taiwan TFT-LCD Association and the Society for Information Display. Prior to joining CMO in 1998, Dr. Wu was senior director and plant director of Prime View International Co., Ltd,. a TFT-LCD panel manufacturer, from 1993 to 1997, and a manager of Thin Film Technology Development at the Electronics Research & Service Organization/Industry Technology Research Institute, or ERSO/ITRI, of Taiwan. Dr. Wu holds a B.S. degree, an M.S. degree and a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University. Dr. Wu is the brother of Mr. Jordan Wu, our president and chief executive officer.
Jordan Wu is our president and chief executive officer. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, Mr. Wu served as the chairman of the board of directors of Himax Taiwan, a position that he held since April 2003. Mr. Wu is also the chairman of the board of directors of Wisepal, Himax Imaging, Himax Media Solutions, and Integrated Microdisplays and a director of Himax Taiwan, Himax Display, Himax Analogic, Himax Technologies (Samoa), Inc., Himax Anyang, Himax Technologies (Shenzhen) Co. Inc., Himax Technologies (Suzhou) Co., Inc., and Himax Imaging. Prior to joining Himax Taiwan, Mr. Wu served as chief executive officer of TV Plus Technologies, Inc. and chief financial officer and executive director of DVN Holdings Ltd. in Hong Kong. Prior to that, he was an investment banker at Merrill Lynch (Asia
Pacific) Limited, Barclays de Zoete Wedd (Asia) Limited and Baring Securities, based in Hong Kong and Taipei. Mr. Wu holds a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from National Taiwan University and an M.B.A. degree from the University of Rochester. Mr. Wu is the brother of Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, our chairman.
Jung-Chun Lin is our director. He has also been a director of Himax Taiwan since June 2001, a director of Himax Display since July 2004 and a director of Himax Analogic since July 2007. Mr. Lin also serves as a director, senior vice president, chief financial officer and chief accounting officer of CMO and a senior vice president of Chi Mei Corporation. Prior to joining CMO in 2000, Mr. Lin was vice president of Chi Mei Corporation and had been with Chi Mei Corporation since 1971. Mr. Lin holds a B.S. degree in accounting from National ChengChi University.
Dr. Chun-Yen Chang is our director. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, he served as a supervisor of Himax Taiwan since December 2003. He was president of the National Chiao Tung University, or NCTU, of Taiwan from 1998 to 2006. Prior to that, he served as the director of the Microelectronics and Information Systems Research Center of NCTU from 1996 to 1998 and as the dean of both the College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science of NCTU and the College of Engineering of NCTU from 1990 to 1994. Dr. Chang has been active in the semiconductor industry for over 40 years. He is a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., or IEEE, a foreign associate of the National Academy of Engineering of the United States and a fellow of Academia Sinica of Taiwan. Dr. Chang holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University and an M.S. degree and a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from National Chiao Tung University.
Yuan-Chuan Horng is our director. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, Mr. Horng served as a director of Himax Taiwan from August 2004 to October 2005. Mr. Horng is the general manager of the Finance Department of China Steel Corporation, a position he has held since April 2000. He has held various accounting and finance positions at China Steel Corporation for over 30 years. Mr. Horng holds a B.A. degree in economics from Soochow University.
Other Executive Officers
Chih-Chung Tsai is our chief technology officer and senior vice president. Mr. Tsai is also a director and chief technology officer of Himax Taiwan, a director of Himax Display, Himax Anyang, Wisepal, Himax Analogic and Integrated Microdisplays. Prior to joining Himax Taiwan, Mr. Tsai served as vice president of IC Design of Utron Technology from 1998 to 2001, manager and director of the IC Division of Sunplus Technology from 1994 to 1998, director of the IC Design Division of Silicon Integrated Systems Corp. from 1987 to 1993 and project leader at ERSO/ITRI from 1981 to 1987. Mr. Tsai holds a B.S. degree and an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Chiao Tung University.
Max Chan is our chief financial officer. Mr. Chan is also the chief financial officer of Himax Taiwan. Mr. Chan is also a supervisor of Wisepal, Himax Imaging and Himax Media Solutions. Prior to our reorganization in October 2005, Mr. Chan served as director of the planning division of Himax Taiwan from June 2004 to October 2005. Prior to joining Himax Taiwan, he was treasury manager of Intel Capital, the strategic investment division of Intel Corporation in Taiwan from 2000 to 2004, senior associate of Credit Suisse First Boston Asia International (Cayman) Limited, Taiwan Branch in 2000 and a manager of the Overseas Direct Investment Department of China Development Industrial Bank from 1992 to 2000. Mr. Chan holds a B.S. degree in civil engineering and an M.B.A. degree in finance from National Taiwan University and an M.S. degree in business administration from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Baker Bai is our vice president in charge of the Incubator System Design Center, a director of Himax Taiwan and a supervisor of Himax Display and Himax Anyang. Prior to joining Himax Taiwan in 2001, Mr. Bai served as the director of the TFT Liquid Crystal Module Fab of CMO from 1998 to 2001, research and development manager of the Research Center of Vate Technology Inc., a semiconductor testing house, from 1994 to 1998, and research and development engineer at Chun Shan Technology Institute from 1983 to 1994. Mr. Bai holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University, an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California and an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Chiao Tung University.
John Chou is our vice president in charge of the Quality & Reliability Assurance & Support Design Center and also serves as a president and director of Himax Media Solutions. Prior to joining Himax in 2005, Mr. Chou served as the director of the Application and Marketing Department at Pyramis Corp., a subsidiary and the semiconductor arm of Delta Electronics Inc., from August 2002 to April 2005. Mr. Chou was application manager at O2Micro, Inc., an integrated circuit design house, from 1997 to 2002 and design engineer and project manager at Philips Lighting Electronics from 1992 to 1996. Mr. Chou holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University and an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from California State University, Los Angeles.
Norman Hung is our vice president in charge of Sales and Marketing and also serves as a director of Wisepal and a supervisor of Himax Analogic. From 2000 to 2006, Mr. Hung served as president of ZyDAS Technology Corp., a fabless integrated circuit design house. From 1999 to 2000, he served as vice president of Sales and Marketing for HiMARK Technology Inc., another fabless integrated circuit design house. Prior to that, from 1996 to 1998, Mr. Hung served as Director of Sales and Marketing for Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. He has also served in various Marketing positions for Hewlett-Packard and Logitech. Mr. Hung holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University and an executive M.B.A. degree from National Chiao Tung University.
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
In the year ended December 31, 2007, the aggregate cash compensation that we paid to our executive officers was approximately $0.5 million. The aggregate share-based compensation that we paid to our executive officers was approximately $1.6 million. No executive officer is entitled to any severance benefits upon termination of his or her employment with us.
In the year ended December 31, 2007, the aggregate cash compensation that we paid to our directors was approximately $30,000. The aggregate share-based compensation that we paid to our directors was $43,100.
The following table summarizes the RSUs that we granted in 2007 to our directors and executive officers under our 2005 long-term incentive plan. See “Share-Based Compensation Plans” for more details regarding our RSU grants.
Name | | | Total RSUs Granted | | | | Ordinary Shares Underlying Vested Portion of RSUs | | | | Ordinary Shares Underlying Unvested Portion of RSUs | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dr. Biing-Seng Wu | | | 91,765 | | | | 22,941 | | | | 68,824 | |
Jordan Wu | | | 105,724 | | | | 26,431 | | | | 79,293 | |
Jung-Chun Lin | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Dr. Chun-Yen Chang | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Yuan-Chuan Horng | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Chi-Chung Tsai | | | 105,724 | | | | 26,431 | | | | 79,293 | |
Max Chan | | | 40,508 | | | | 10,127 | | | | 30,381 | |
Baker Bai | | | 50,640 | | | | 12,660 | | | | 37,980 | |
John Chou | | | 73,636 | | | | 18,409 | | | | 55,227 | |
Norman Hung | | | 57,212 | | | | 14,303 | | | | 42,909 | |
Board Practices
General
Our board of directors consists of five directors, two of whom are independent directors within the meaning of Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq Rules, as amended from time to time. We intend to follow home country practice that permits our board of directors to have less than a majority of independent directors in lieu of complying with Rule 4350(c)(1) of the Nasdaq Rules that require boards of U.S. companies to have a board of directors which is comprised of a
majority of independent directors. Moreover, we intend to follow home country practice that permits our independent directors not to hold regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present in lieu of complying with Rule 4350(c)(2).
Committees of the Board of Directors
To enhance our corporate governance, we have established three committees under the board of directors prior to the closing of this offer: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee. We have adopted a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s members and functions are described below.
Audit Committee. Our audit committee currently consists of Yuan-Chuan Horng and Dr. Chun-Yen Chang. Our board of directors has determined that all of our audit committee members are “independent directors” within the meaning of Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq Rules and meet the criteria for independence set forth in Section 10A(m)(3)(B)(i) of the Exchange Act. We intend to follow home country practice that permits an audit committee to contain two independent directors in lieu of complying with Rule 4350(d) of the Nasdaq Rules that requires the audit committees of U.S. companies to have a minimum of three independent directors. Our audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. The audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• | selecting the independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by the independent auditors; |
• | reviewing with the independent auditors any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response; |
• | reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation SK under the Securities Act; |
• | discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent auditors; |
• | reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special audit steps adopted in light of material internal control deficiencies; |
| |
• | annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter; |
• | meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent auditors; |
• | reporting regularly to the board of directors; and |
• | such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors from time to time. |
Compensation Committee. Our current compensation committee consists of Yuan-Chuan Horng, Dr. Chun-Yen Chang and Jung-Chun Lin. Our compensation committee assists our board of directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure, including all forms of compensation, relating to our directors and executive officers. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any committee meeting where his or her compensation is deliberated. We intend to follow home country practice that permits a compensation committee to contain a director who does not meet the definition of “independence” within the meaning of Rule 4200(a) (15) of the Nasdaq Rules. We intend to follow home country practice in lieu of complying with Rule 4350(c)(3)(A)(ii) and (B)(ii) of the Nasdaq Rules which requires the compensation committees of U.S. companies to be comprised solely of independent directors. The compensation committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• | reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors regarding our compensation policies and forms of compensation provided to our directors and officers; |
• | reviewing and determining bonuses for our officers and other employees; |
• | reviewing and determining share-based compensation for our directors, officers, employees and consultants; |
• | administering our equity incentive plans in accordance with the terms thereof; and |
• | such other matters that are specifically delegated to the compensation committee by our board of directors from time to time. |
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Our nominating and corporate governance committee assists the board of directors in identifying individuals qualified to be members of our board of directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees. Our current nominating and corporate governance committee consists of Yuan-Chuan Horng, Dr. Chun-Yen Chang and Jung-Chun Lin. We intend to follow home country practice that permits a nominating committee to contain a director who does not meet the definition of “independence” within the meaning of Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq Rules. We intend to follow home country practice in lieu of complying with Rule 4350 (c)(4)(A)(ii) and (B)(ii) of the Nasdaq Rules that requires the nominating committees of U.S. companies be comprised solely of independent directors. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• | identifying and recommending to our board of directors nominees for election or re-election, or for appointment to fill any vacancy; |
• | reviewing annually with our board of directors the current composition of our board of directors in light of the characteristics of independence, age, skills, experience and availability of service to us; |
• | reviewing the continued board membership of a director upon a significant change in such director’s principal occupation; |
• | identifying and recommending to our board of directors the names of directors to serve as members of the audit committee and the compensation committee, as well as the nominating and corporate governance committee itself; |
• | advising the board periodically with respect to significant developments in the law and practice of corporate governance as well as our compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and making recommendations to our board of directors on all matters of corporate governance and on any corrective action to be taken; and |
• | monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure proper compliance. |
Terms of Directors and Officers
Under Cayman Islands law and our articles of association, our directors hold office until a successor has been duly elected and qualified unless the director was appointed by the board of directors, in which case such director holds office until the next annual meeting of shareholders at which time such director is eligible for re-election. Our directors are subject to periodic retirement and re-election by shareholders in accordance with our articles of association, resulting in their retirement and re-election at staggered intervals. At each annual general meeting, one-third of our directors who are subject to retirement by rotation, or if their number is not a multiple of three, the nearest to one-third but not exceeding one-third, retire from office. Any retiring director is eligible for reappointment. The chairman of our board of directors will not be subject to retirement by rotation or be taken into account in determining the number of directors to retire in each year. Under this formula, assuming five directors continue to serve on the board of directors, one director will retire and be subject to re-election in each year beginning 2006, and until 2009, the term that each director serves before he is subject to retirement by rotation will vary from one year to four years. Under our articles of association, which director will retire at each annual general meeting will be determined as follows: (i) any director who wishes to retire and not offer himself for re-election, (ii) if no director wishes to retire, the director who has been longest in office since his last re-election or appointment, (iii) if two or more directors have served on the board the longest, then as agreed among the directors themselves or as determined by lot. Beginning in 2010, assuming that our board of directors consists of five directors, each director will serve a term of four years. All of our executive officers are appointed by and serve at the discretion of our board of directors.
Employees
As of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, we had 716, 924 and 1,050 employees, respectively. The following is a breakdown of our employees by function as of December 31, 2007:
Function | | Number | |
Research and development(1) | | | 687 | |
Engineering and manufacturing(2) | | | 120 | |
Sales and marketing(3) | | | 160 | |
General and administrative | | | 83 | |
Total | | | 1,050 | |
Notes: (1) | Includes semiconductor design engineers, application engineers, assembly and testing engineers and quality control engineers. |
(2) | Includes manufacturing personnel of Himax Display, our subsidiary focused on design and manufacturing of LCOS products and liquid crystal injection services. |
(3) | Includes field application engineers. |
Share-Based Compensation Plans
Himax Technologies, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan
We adopted a long-term incentive plan in October 2005. The following description of the plan is intended to be a summary and does not describe all provisions of the plan.
Purpose of the Plan. The purpose of the plan is to advance our interests and those of our shareholders by:
• | providing the opportunity for our employees, directors and service providers to develop a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in our development and financial success and to devote their best efforts to our business; and |
• | providing us with a means through which we may attract able individuals to become our employees or to serve as our directors or service providers and providing us a means whereby those individuals, upon whom the responsibilities of our successful administration and management are of importance, can acquire and maintain share ownership, thereby strengthening their concern for our welfare. |
Type of Awards. The plan provides for the grant of stock options and restricted share units.
Duration. Generally, the plan will terminate five years from the effective date of the plan. After the plan is terminated, no awards may be granted, but any award previously granted will remain outstanding in accordance with the plan.
Administration. The plan is administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors or any other committee designated by our board to administer the plan. Committee members will be appointed from time to time by, and will serve at the discretion of, our board. The committee has full power and authority to interpret the terms and intent of the plan or any agreement or document in connection with the plan, determine eligibility for awards and adopt such rules, regulations, forms, instruments and guidelines for administering the plan. The committee may delegate its duties or powers.
Number of Authorized Shares. We have authorized a maximum of 18,076,927 shares. As of the date of this annual report, there were no stock options or restricted share units outstanding under the plan except as described under “–Restricted Share Units.”
Eligibility and Participation. All of our employees, directors and service providers are eligible to participate in the plan. The committee may select from all eligible individuals those individuals to whom awards will be granted and will determine the nature of any and all terms permissible by law and the amount of each award.
Stock Options. The committee may grant options to participants in such number, upon such terms and at any time
as it determines. Each option grant will be evidenced by an award document that will specify the exercise price, the maximum duration of the option, the number of shares to which the option pertains, conditions upon which the option will become vested and exercisable and such other provisions which are not inconsistent with the plan.
The exercise price for each option will be:
• | based on 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant; |
• | set at a premium to the fair market value of the shares on the day of grant; or |
• | indexed to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, with the committee determining the index. |
The exercise price on the date of grant must be at least equal to 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant.
Each option will expire at such time as the committee determines at the time of its grant; however, no option will be exercisable later than the 10th anniversary of its grant date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for options granted to participants outside the United States, the committee can set options that have terms greater than ten years.
Options will be exercisable at such times and be subject to such terms and conditions as the committee approves. A condition of the delivery of shares as to which an option will be exercised will be the payment of the exercise price. Subject to any governing rules or regulations, as soon as practicable after receipt of written notification of exercise and full payment, we will deliver to the participant evidence of book-entry shares or, upon his or her request, share certificates in an appropriate amount based on the number of shares purchased under the option(s). The committee may impose such restrictions on any shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of an option as it may deem advisable.
Each participant’s award document will set forth the extent to which he or she will have the right to exercise the options following termination of his or her employment or services.
We have not yet granted any stock options under the plan.
Restricted Share Units. The committee may grant restricted share units to participants. Each grant will be evidenced by an award document that will specify the period(s) of restriction, the number of restricted share units granted and such other provisions as the committee determines.
Generally, restricted share units will become freely transferable after all conditions and restrictions applicable to such shares have been satisfied or lapse and restricted share units will be paid in cash, shares, or a combination, as determined by the committee.
The committee may impose such other conditions or restrictions on any restricted share units as it may deem advisable, including a requirement that participants pay a stipulated purchase price for each restricted share unit, restrictions based upon the achievement of specific performance goals and time-based restrictions on vesting.
A participant will have no voting rights with respect to any restricted share units.
Each award document will set forth the extent to which the participant will have the right to retain restricted share units following termination of his or her employment or services.
We committed to pay a bonus to our employees to settle the accrued bonus payable in respect of their service provided in 2004 and the ten months ended October 31, 2005, which was satisfied through a grant of 990,220 RSUs on December 30, 2005. All RSUs granted to employees as a bonus vested immediately on the grant date.
We made an additional grant of 1,297,564 RSUs to our employees on December 30, 2005. The vesting schedule for this RSU grant is as follows: 25% of the RSU grant vested immediately on the grant date, and a subsequent 25% vested on each of September 30, 2006 and 2007, and with the remainder vesting September 30, 2008, subject to certain forfeiture events.
We also made a grant of 20,000 RSUs to our independent directors on December 30, 2005. The vesting schedule for this RSU grant is as follows: 25% of the RSU grant vested immediately on the grant date, and a subsequent 25% vested on each of June 30, 2006 and 2007, and with the remainder vesting June 30, 2008, subject to certain forfeiture events.
We made a grant of 3,798,808 RSUs to our employees on September 29, 2006. The vesting schedule for this RSU grant is as follows: 47.29% of the RSU grant vested immediately on the grant date, and a subsequent 17.57% vested on September 26, 2007, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2008 and 2009, subject to certain forfeiture events.
We made a grant of 6,694,411 RSUs to our employees on September 26, 2007. The vesting schedule for this RSU grant is as follows: 54.55% of the RSU grant vested immediately and was settled by cash in the amount of $14.4 million on the grant date, with the remainder vesting equally on each of September 30, 2008, 2009 and 2010, subject to certain forfeiture events.
Dividend Equivalents. Any participant selected by the committee may be granted dividend equivalents based on the dividends declared on shares that are subject to any award, to be credited as of dividend payment dates, during the period between the date the award is granted and the date the award is exercised, vests, or expires, as determined by the committee. Dividend equivalents will be converted to cash or additional shares by such formula and at such time and subject to such limitations as determined by the committee.
Transferability of Awards. Generally, awards cannot be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated, other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.
Adjustments in Authorized Shares. In the event of any of the corporate events or transactions described in the plan, to avoid any unintended enlargement or dilution of benefits, the committee has the sole discretion to substitute or adjust the number and kind of shares that can be issued or otherwise delivered.
Forfeiture Events. The committee may specify in an award document that the participant's rights, payments and benefits with respect to an award will be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting or performance conditions of an award.
If we are required to prepare an accounting restatement owing to our material noncompliance, as a result of misconduct, with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, then if the participant is one of the individuals subject to automatic forfeiture under Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the participant will reimburse us the amount of any payment in settlement of an award earned or accrued during the twelve-month period following the first public issuance or filing with the SEC (whichever first occurred) of the financial document embodying such financial reporting requirement.
Amendment and Termination. Subject to, and except as, provided in the plan, the committee has the sole discretion to alter, amend, modify, suspend, or terminate the plan and any award document in whole or in part. Amendments to the plan are subject to shareholder approval, to the extent required by law, or by stock exchange rules or regulations.
Share Ownership
The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares, as of June 1, 2008, by each of our directors and executive officers.
Name | | Number of Shares Owned | | | Percentage of Shares Owned | |
Dr. Biing-Seng Wu | | | 32,093,786 | | | | 16.81 | % |
Jordan Wu | | | 11,432,594 | | | | 5.99 | % |
Jung-Chun Lin | | | – | | | | – | |
Dr. Chun-Yen Chang | | | 797,307 | | | | * | |
Yuan-Chuan Horng | | | 455,552 | | | | * | |
Chih-Chung Tsai | | | 2,948,243 | | | | 1.54 | % |
Max Chan | | | 68,936 | | | | * | |
Baker Bai | | | 2,297,134 | | | | 1.20 | % |
John Chou | | | 47,642 | | | | * | |
Norman Hung | | | 33,328 | | | | * | |
None of our directors or executive officers has voting rights different from other shareholders.
Major Shareholders
CMO is a major shareholder of ours. As of June 1, 2008, CMO beneficially owned 13.0% of our outstanding shares. We have a close relationship with CMO, a leading TFT-LCD panel manufacturer based in Taiwan which is listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. CMO’s primary focus is the manufacture of large-sized TFT-LCD panels for use in notebook computers, desktop monitors and LCD televisions. Several of Himax Taiwan’s initial employees, including Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, our chairman, were employees of CMO prior to the establishment of Himax Taiwan. CMO was Himax Taiwan’s largest shareholder at the time of its incorporation and remains one of our largest external shareholders. CMO has also been our largest customer since our inception. As of December 31, 2007, sales to CMO (together with its affiliates) accounted for 58.8% of our revenues. Certain of our directors also hold key management positions at CMO. Jung-Chun Lin, our director, holds the positions of director, vice president, chief financial officer and chief accounting officer at CMO. Dr. Biing-Seng Wu, our chairman, is also a director, executive vice president and chief technology officer of CMO. We also have entered into various transactions with CMO as further described below.
CMO has acquired our shares through various transactions. In June 2001, CMO acquired (1) 4,375,000 shares in connection with its capital injection of NT$43,750,000, which is the equivalent of NT$10 per share, or the par value of Himax Taiwan’s common shares and (2) 247,000 shares, 986,000 shares and 1,267,000 shares in June 2001, November 2001 and January 2002, respectively, as consideration for 14 patents transferred to Himax Taiwan. In October 2003, CMO acquired 5,258,420 shares in connection with its capital injection of NT$131,460,500, which is the equivalent of NT$25 per share. In July 2002, September 2003 and September 2004, CMO acquired 2,750,000 shares, 2,082,753 shares and 7,856,356 shares, respectively, either as a result of stock splits or stock splits effected in the form of dividends.
There have been no changes in our major shareholders or significant changes in the amount of shares CMO holds since June 1, 2008.
The following table sets forth information known to us with respect to the beneficial ownership of our shares as of June 1, 2008, the most recent practicable date, by (1) each shareholder known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our shares and (2) all directors and executive officers as a group.
Name of Beneficial Owner | | Number of Shares Beneficially Owned | | Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned |
| | | | |
Dr. Biing-Seng Wu | | 32,093,786 | | 16.81% |
Jordan Wu | | 11,432,594 | | 5.99% |
CMO | | 24,822,529 | | 13.00% |
All directors and executive officers as a group | | 50,174,522 | | 26.28% |
Based on publicly available information disclosed in the Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2008, FMR LLC and its affiliates, beneficially own a total of 23,985,887, or 12.39%, of our shares.
None of our major shareholders has voting rights different from other shareholders. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.
As of June 1, 2008, 190,905,649 of our shares were outstanding. We believe that, of such shares, 96,138,297 shares in the form of ADSs were held by approximately 9,727 holders in the United States as of June 1, 2008.
CMO and Related Companies
CMO
We sell display drivers to CMO. We generated net sales to CMO in the amount of $317.0 million in 2005, $335.8 million in 2006, and $281.8 million in 2007 and our receivables from these sales were $67.4 million, $81.6 million and $94.1 million as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
We lease office space and equipment from CMO. Rent and utility expenses paid to CMO amounted to $0.6 million in 2005, $0.8 million in 2006 and $0.5 million in 2007.
Himax Display also provides liquid crystal injection services to CMO. Himax Display generated net sales of approximately $45,000 in 2005 from CMO in connection with these services. Himax Display purchased liquid crystal from CMO, which was used for Himax Display’s liquid crystal injection services, in amounts of $703,000, $81,500 and $11,600 in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
In February 2006 and March 2007, our board approved a donation of approximately $150,000 to Chi Mei Culture Foundation, a non-profit organization affiliated with CMO, which is dedicated to the promotion of the arts and culture in Taiwan.
Chi Mei Optoelectronics Japan Co., Ltd.
Chi Mei Optoelectronics Japan Co., Ltd., or CMO-Japan, (formerly named International Display Technology Co., Ltd., or IDTech) an affiliate of our company, is a privately held company 100% owned by CMO. Incorporated in Japan with headquarters based in Yasu, Japan, IDTech has historically developed and manufactured large-sized, high-resolution TFT-LCD panels and currently markets TFT-LCD panels for CMO. We sell display drivers to CMO-Japan. We generated net sales to CMO-Japan in the amount of $0.3 million in 2005 and nil in 2006 and 2007. We had no receivables from these sales as of December 31, 2006 and 2007.
Chi Mei Corporation
Chi Mei Corporation, or CMC, is a privately held company incorporated in Taiwan and is the largest shareholder of CMO. CMC manufactures various products, including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resins. We purchased consumable and miscellaneous items from CMC in the amount of $48,000, $93,000 and $6,000 in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
NingBo Chi Mei Optoelectronics Ltd.
NingBo Chi Mei Optoelectronics Ltd., or CMO Ningbo, is a subsidiary of CMO. We sell display drivers to CMO Ningbo. We generated net sales to CMO Ningbo in the amount of $0.7 million in 2005, $73.9 million in 2006 and $249.1 million in 2007, and our receivables from these sales were $0.7 million, $33.9 million and $92.8 million as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
Chi Lin Technology Co., Ltd.
We sell display drivers to Chi Lin Technology Co., Ltd., or Chi Lin Tech, a company controlled by CMC. Chi Lin Tech, a publicly held Taiwanese company headquartered in Tainan, Taiwan, is engaged in the business of, among other things, the sale of LCD-related parts and the repair and maintenance of TFT-LCD panels. We generated net sales to Chi Lin Tech in the amount of $2.8 million, $3.0 million and $7.2 million in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, and our receivables from these sales was $1.2 million, $0.4 million and $1.0 million as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
TopSun Optoelectronics, Inc.
We sell display drivers to TopSun Optoelectronics Inc., or TopSun, whose board of directors is controlled by Chi Lin Tech. On January 1, 2007, TopSun merged with Chi Lin Tech, with Chi Lin Tech being the surviving company. We
generated net sales to TopSun in the amount of $1.1 million in 2006, and our receivables from these sales were $1.2 million as of December 31, 2006. We did not generate net sales from TopSun prior to 2006.
Other Related Company
Jemitek Electronics Corp.
From June 2003 to November 2006, our chief executive officer was on the board of directors of Jemitek Electronics Corp., or JEC. On March 1, 2007, JEC merged with InnoLux Display Corporation, with InnoLux Display Corporation being the surviving company. We sell display drivers to JEC, a privately held Taiwanese company headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan which designs and assembles small and medium-sized LCD panels for mobile phones and digital media players. We also owned an equity interest in JEC beginning in June 2003, but disposed of all of our interest in October 2006. We generated net sales to JEC in the amount of $1.6 million and approximately $9,000 in 2005 and 2006, respectively, and our receivables from these sales were $0.1 million and nil as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. We did not generate any net sales to JEC in 2007 and did not have any receivables from them as of December 31, 2007.
Litigation
On July 30, 2007, a class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California entitled Vivian Oh v. Max Chan, CV07-04891-DDP. The suit was allegedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our ordinary shares pursuant and/or traceable to our initial public offering on or about March 30, 2006. The complaint named our Chief Financial Officer, Max Chan, as the sole defendant, alleging a breach of fiduciary duty and violations of Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act. The complaint sought damages in an unspecified amount, rescission of the initial public offering, and attorney’s fees and costs. On August 30, 2007, a similar class action was filed in the same court entitled Michael Pfeiffer v. Himax Technologies, Inc., Max Chan, and Jordan Wu, CV07-05468-JFW. The suit was allegedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our ADSs issued in our initial public offering. The complaint named us, our Chief Executive Officer, Jordan Wu, and our Chief Financial Officer, Max Chan, as defendants, alleging violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act. The complaint sought damages in an unspecified amount and attorney’s fees and costs.
On October 3, 2007, the plaintiffs moved to consolidate the cases, appoint lead plaintiffs and approve lead plaintiffs’ selection of counsel. That motion was granted on February 5, 2008. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on February 25, 2008. The amended complaint again names as defendants us, Jordan Wu, and Max Chan, and adds Chairman Biing-Seng Wu, director Jung-Chun Lin and CMO as defendants. The amended complaint alleges that defendants violated Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act by failing to disclose certain facts related to CMO’s inventory. Plaintiffs seek unspecified damages, attorney’s fees and expenses, and rescission of the initial public offering. We and the individual defendants intend to defend against this case vigorously.
Dividends and Dividend Policy
Our dividend policy is to retain the majority, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation and growth of our business.
In November 2005, we distributed a special cash dividend to our shareholders in the amount of approximately $13.6 million, or the equivalent of approximately $0.075 per share based on our total shares outstanding as of a certain record date. This dividend was paid to our shareholders in respect of our performance prior to our initial public offering. We decided to pay the dividend in cash instead of shares because our ordinary shares at the time of the dividend payment were not listed on any stock exchange and therefore had limited liquidity. This dividend was approved by our board of directors and was financed through a loan. In 2006, we did not distribute any dividends.
On October 30, 2007 we paid a cash dividend to our shareholders in the amount of approximately $39.7 million, or the equivalent of US$0.20 per share based on our total shares outstanding as of October 5, 2007, the record date.
On May 27, 2008, we announced a cash dividend of US$0.35 per share that will be payable on June 27, 2008, based on our total shares outstanding as of June 16, 2008, the record date.
The dividends distributed in 2005, 2006 and 2007 should not be considered representative of the dividends that would be paid in any future periods or of our dividend policy.
Our board of directors has full discretion as to whether we will distribute dividends in the future. Even if our board of directors decides to distribute dividends, the form, frequency and amount of such dividends will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors as the board of directors may deem relevant.
Our ability to pay cash or stock dividends will depend, at least partially, upon the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our direct and indirect subsidiaries, which must comply with the laws and regulations of their respective countries and respective articles of association. Since its inception in June 2001, Himax Taiwan has paid stock dividends in an amount of 13,517,773 shares on September 1, 2003 and 42,976,372 shares on September 20, 2004 with respect to the fiscal years 2002 and 2003, respectively. However, Himax Taiwan has not paid cash dividends in the past. In accordance with ROC laws and regulations and Himax Taiwan’s articles of incorporation, Himax Taiwan is permitted to distribute dividends after allowances have been made for:
• | recovery of prior years’ deficits, if any; |
• | legal reserve (in an amount equal to 10% of annual net income after having deducted the above items until such time as its legal reserve equals the amount of its total paid-in capital); |
• | special reserve based on relevant laws or regulations, or retained earnings, if necessary; |
• | dividends for preferred shares, if any; and |
• | cash or stock bonus to employees (in an amount less than 10% of annual net income) and remuneration for directors and supervisor(s) (in an amount less than 2% of the annual net income); after having deducted the above items, based on a resolution of the board of directors; if stock bonuses are paid to employees, the bonus may also be appropriated to employees of subsidiaries under the board of directors’ approval. |
Furthermore, if Himax Taiwan does not record any net income for any year as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Taiwan, it generally may not distribute dividends for that year.
Any dividend we declare will be paid to the holders of ADSs, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, to the same extent as holders of our ordinary shares, to the extent permitted by applicable law and regulations, less the fees and expenses payable under the deposit agreement. Any dividend we declare will be distributed by the depositary bank to the holders of our ADSs. Cash dividends on our ordinary shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders Himax Technologies, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Himax Technologies, Inc. (a Cayman Island Company) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financials statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Himax Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As described in the Notes 2 and 14 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, as of December 31, 2006.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Himax Technologies, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated June 16, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ KPMG Certified Public Accountants
Taipei, Taiwan (the Republic of China)
June 16, 2008
| | | | | | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 and 2007 | | | | | | |
| | (in thousands of US dollars) |
| | December 31, |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Assets | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 109,753 | | | | 94,780 | |
Marketable securities available-for-sale | | | 8,828 | | | | 15,208 | |
Restricted cash equivalents and marketable securities | | | 108 | | | | 97 | |
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts, | | | | | | | | |
sales returns and discounts of $464 and $190 at | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively | | | 112,767 | | | | 88,682 | |
Accounts receivable from related parties, less allowance for | | | | | | | | |
sales returns and discounts of $404 and $303 at | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively | | | 116,850 | | | | 194,902 | |
Inventories | | | 101,341 | | | | 116,550 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 6,744 | | | | 12,684 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 10,324 | | | | 15,369 | |
Total current assets | | | 466,715 | | | | 538,272 | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | | | 38,895 | | | | 46,180 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 11,405 | | | | 20,714 | |
Goodwill | | | – | | | | 26,878 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 393 | | | | 12,721 | |
Investments in non-marketable securities | | | 817 | | | | 7,138 | |
Refundable deposits and prepaid pension costs | | | 569 | | | | 859 | |
| | | 52,079 | | | | 114,490 | |
Total assets | | $ | 518,794 | | | | 652,762 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. | | | | | | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Continued) | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 and 2007 | | | | | | |
| | |
| | |
| | (in thousands of US dollars, |
| | except share and per share data) |
| | December 31, |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Liabilities, Minority Interest and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 120,407 | | | | 147,221 | |
Income tax payable | | | 11,666 | | | | 19,147 | |
Other accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 21,206 | | | | 19,231 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 153,279 | | | | 185,599 | |
Accrued pension liabilities | | | 192 | | | | 218 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | – | | | | 4,547 | |
Total liabilities | | | 153,471 | | | | 190,364 | |
Minority interest | | | 1,396 | | | | 11,089 | |
| | | | | | | |
Ordinary shares, US$0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; | | | | | | | | |
193,600,302 and 191,979,691 shares issued and outstanding at | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively | | | 19 | | | | 19 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 221,666 | | | | 235,894 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (275 | ) | | | (7 | ) |
Unappropriated retained earnings | | | 142,517 | | | | 215,403 | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 363,927 | | | | 451,309 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total liabilities, minority interest and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 518,794 | | | | 652,762 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated Statements of Income | | | | | | | |
Years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| | (in thousands of US dollars, except per share data) | |
| | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues from third parties, net | | $ | 217,420 | | | | 329,886 | | | | 371,267 | |
Revenues from related parties, net | | | 322,784 | | | | 414,632 | | | | 546,944 | |
| | | 540,204 | | | | 744,518 | | | | 918,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 419,380 | | | | 601,565 | | | | 716,163 | |
Research and development | | | 41,278 | | | | 60,655 | | | | 73,906 | |
General and administrative | | | 6,784 | | | | 9,762 | | | | 14,903 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 4,762 | | | | 6,970 | | | | 9,334 | |
Total costs and expenses | | | 472,204 | | | | 678,952 | | | | 814,306 | |
Operating income | | | 68,000 | | | | 65,566 | | | | 103,905 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 580 | | | | 5,860 | | | | 5,433 | |
Gain on sale of marketable securities, net | | | 105 | | | | 60 | | | | 112 | |
Other than temporary impairment loss on investments | | | | | | | | | | | | |
in non-marketable securities | | | (129 | ) | | | (1,500 | ) | | | – | |
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net | | | 1,808 | | | | (341 | ) | | | (319 | ) |
Interest expense | | | (125 | ) | | | (311 | ) | | | – | |
Other income, net | | | 19 | | | | 173 | | | | 464 | |
| | | 2,258 | | | | 3,941 | | | | 5,690 | |
Earnings before income taxes and minority interest | | | 70,258 | | | | 69,507 | | | | 109,595 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 8,923 | | | | (5,446 | ) | | | (1,860 | ) |
Income before minority interest | | | 61,335 | | | | 74,953 | | | | 111,455 | |
Minority interest, net of tax | | | 223 | | | | 237 | | | | 1,141 | |
Net income | | | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Basic earnings per ordinary share | | | 0.35 | | | | 0.39 | | | | 0.57 | |
Diluted earnings per ordinary share | | $ | 0.34 | | | | 0.39 | | | | 0.57 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007
| | (in thousands of US dollars) | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Net income | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gains on securities, not subject to income tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale | | | | | | | | | | | | |
marketable securities arising during the period | | | 129 | | | | 56 | | | | 198 | |
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains included | | | | | | | | | | | | |
in net income | | | (105 | ) | | | (60 | ) | | | (112 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income tax of $3, $6 and $0 in 2005, 2006 and | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007, respectively | | | 5 | | | | 24 | | | | 202 | |
Net unrecognized actuarial loss, net of tax of $22 | | | – | | | | – | | | | (20 | ) |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 61,587 | | | | 75,210 | | | | 112,864 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007
(in thousands of US dollars and shares) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Additional paid-in capital | | | | | | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | | Unappropriated retained earnings | | | | |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | 180,769 | | | $ | 18 | | | | 85,508 | | | | – | | | | 7 | | | | 19,327 | | | | 104,860 | |
Declaration of special cash dividends | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | (13,558 | ) | | | (13,558 | ) |
Issuance of ordinary shares as employee bonus | | | 990 | | | | – | | | | 8,536 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 8,536 | |
Share-based compensation expenses | | | 330 | | | | – | | | | 4,184 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 4,184 | |
Dilution gain from issuance of new subsidiary shares | | | – | | | | – | | | | 222 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 222 | |
Unrealized holding gain on available-for-sale marketable securities | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 24 | | | | – | | | | 24 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 5 | | | | – | | | | 5 | |
Net income | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 61,558 | | | | 61,558 | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 182,089 | | | | 18 | | | | 98,450 | | | | – | | | | 36 | | | | 67,327 | | | | 165,831 | |
Issuance of ordinary shares upon initial public offering net of issuance costs of $8,207 | | | 17,290 | | | | 2 | | | | 147,406 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 147,408 | |
Shares acquisition | | | (7,886 | ) | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,460 | ) | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,460 | ) |
Shares retirement | | | – | | | | (1 | ) | | | (39,459 | ) | | | 39,460 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | |
Share-based compensation expenses | | | 2,107 | | | | – | | | | 15,091 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 15,091 | |
Dilution gain from issuance of new subsidiary shares | | | – | | | | – | | | | 178 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 178 | |
Adjustment upon adoption of SFAS No 158. net of tax of $98 | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | (331 | ) | | | – | | | | (331 | ) |
Unrealized holding loss on available-for-sale marketable securities | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | (4 | ) | | | – | | | | (4 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 24 | | | | – | | | | 24 | |
Net income | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 75,190 | | | | 75,190 | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 193,600 | | | | 19 | | | | 221,666 | | | | – | | | | (275 | ) | | | 142,517 | | | | 363,927 | |
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with the acquisition of Wisepal Technologies, Inc. | | | 6,217 | | | | – | | | | 45,032 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 45,032 | |
Ordinary shares to be issued in connection with the acquisition of Wisepal Technologies, Inc. | | | – | | | | – | | | | 1,687 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 1,687 | |
Shares acquisition | | | (8,730 | ) | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,207 | ) | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,207 | ) |
Shares retirement | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,207 | ) | | | 39,207 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | |
Share-based compensation expenses | | | 893 | | | | – | | | | 5,883 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 5,883 | |
Dilution gain from issuance of new subsidiary shares | | | – | | | | – | | | | 833 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 833 | |
Net unrecognized actuarial loss, net of tax of $22 | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | (20 | ) | | | – | | | | (20 | ) |
Unrealized holding gain on available-for-sale marketable securities | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 86 | | | | – | | | | 86 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 202 | | | | – | | | | 202 | |
Declaration of cash dividends, $0.2 per share | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | (39,710 | ) | | | (39,710 | ) |
Net income | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 112,596 | | | | 112,596 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 191,980 | | | $ | 19 | | | | 235,894 | | | | – | | | | (7 | ) | | | 215,403 | | | | 451,309 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| | | | | | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | | | |
Years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 | | | | | | |
| | (in thousands of US dollars) | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by | | | | | | | | | | | | |
operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 3,613 | | | | 5,221 | | | | 10,260 | |
Write-off of in-process research and development | | | – | | | | – | | | | 1,600 | |
Share-based compensation expenses | | | 8,613 | | | | 15,150 | | | | 5,895 | |
Minority interest, net of tax | | | (223 | ) | | | (237 | ) | | | (1,141 | ) |
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment | | | – | | | | 36 | | | | 223 | |
Gain on sales of subsidiary shares and investment in | | | | | | | | | | | | |
non-marketable securities, net | | | (19 | ) | | | (137 | ) | | | (418 | ) |
Gain on sale of marketable securities, net | | | (105 | ) | | | (60 | ) | | | (112 | ) |
Impairment loss on investments in non-marketable securities | | | 129 | | | | 1,500 | | | | – | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (3,371 | ) | | | (8,938 | ) | | | (14,618 | ) |
Inventories write downs | | | 927 | | | | 5,165 | | | | 14,824 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (53,242 | ) | | | (32,237 | ) | | | 25,971 | |
Accounts receivable from related parties | | | (30,458 | ) | | | (47,263 | ) | | | (78,044 | ) |
Inventories | | | (51,839 | ) | | | (1,502 | ) | | | (29,602 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (6,413 | ) | | | 749 | | | | (4,477 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | 67,152 | | | | 14,606 | | | | 26,232 | |
Income tax payable | | | 10,852 | | | | (1,959 | ) | | | 7,481 | |
Other accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 5,290 | | | | 4,412 | | | | 492 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 12,464 | | | | 29,696 | | | | 77,162 | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of land, property and equipment | | | (14,733 | ) | | | (17,829 | ) | | | (18,998 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment | | | – | | | | – | | | | 9 | |
Purchase of available-for-sale marketable securities | | | (38,048 | ) | | | (31,911 | ) | | | (52,476 | ) |
Sales and maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities | | | 42,028 | | | | 27,128 | | | | 46,303 | |
Cash acquired in acquisition, net of cash paid | | | – | | | | 17 | | | | 6,161 | |
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary shares and investment in non- | | | | | | | | | | | | |
marketable securities by Himax Technologies Limited | | | 51 | | | | 1,142 | | | | 562 | |
Purchase of investment in non-marketable securities | | | – | | | | (817 | ) | | | (6,321 | ) |
Purchase of subsidiary shares from minority interest | | | (523 | ) | | | (773 | ) | | | (295 | ) |
Refund from (increase in) refundable deposits | | | (414 | ) | | | 171 | | | | 25 | |
Release (pledge) of restricted cash equivalents and marketable | | | | | | | | | | | | |
securities | | | (13,724 | ) | | | 13,945 | | | | 11 | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (25,363 | ) | | | (8,927 | ) | | | (25,019 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007
| | (in thousands of US dollars) | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | |
Distribution of cash dividends | | $ | (13,558 | ) | | | – | | | | (39,710 | ) |
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of issuance costs | | | – | | | | 147,408 | | | | – | |
Proceeds from issuance of new shares by subsidiaries | | | 866 | | | | 676 | | | | 11,814 | |
Payments to acquire ordinary shares for retirement | | | – | | | | (38,835 | ) | | | (39,345 | ) |
Proceeds from borrowing of short-term debt | | | 27,274 | | | | 11,303 | | | | – | |
Repayment of short-term debt | | | – | | | | (38,577 | ) | | | – | |
Repayment of long-term debt | | | (178 | ) | | | (89 | ) | | | – | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | | 14,404 | | | | 81,886 | | | | (67,241 | ) |
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and | | | | | | | | | | | | |
cash equivalents | | | 4 | | | | 12 | | | | 125 | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 1,509 | | | | 102,667 | | | | (14,973 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 5,577 | | | | 7,086 | | | | 109,753 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 7,086 | | | | 109,753 | | | | 94,780 | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid during the year for: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest | | $ | 125 | | | | 311 | | | | – | |
Income taxes | | $ | 1,130 | | | | 5,695 | | | | 4,779 | |
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of ordinary shares issued by Himax Display, Inc. in | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the acquisition of Integrated Microdisplays Limited | | $ | – | | | | 538 | | | | – | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007
Note 1. Background, Principal Activities and Basis of Presentation
Background
Himax Technologies Limited (“Himax Taiwan”) was incorporated on June 12, 2001. On April 26, 2005, Himax Technologies, Inc. was established as a new holding company in the Cayman Islands to hold the shares of Himax Taiwan in connection with the reorganization and share exchange described below.
On June 10, 2005, Himax Taiwan’s shareholders resolved the exchange of shares between Himax Taiwan and Himax Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) pursuant to Republic of China (ROC) Business Mergers and Acquisitions Law. Upon obtaining all necessary approvals from ROC authorities, the share exchange became effective on October 14, 2005, whereby all issued and outstanding common shares of Himax Taiwan were exchanged with Himax Technologies, Inc.’s new shares at a 1:1 ratio. The approval of the ROC Investment Commission is conditioned upon the satisfaction of certain undertakings the Company made to the ROC Investment Commission, including undertakings relating to the Company’s plans to expand its investment in the ROC as well as undertakings to submit certain documentation after the effectiveness of the share exchange. Refer to Note 22 (j) for further details. Upon completion of the share exchange, Himax Taiwan became Himax Technologies, Inc.’s directly and wholly-owned subsidiary.
On April 4 and 13, 2006, the Company completed its initial public offering and sold 17,290,588 American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”), representing 17,290,588 new ordinary shares, at an initial public offering price of US$8.55 per ADS after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions. The Company received net proceeds, after deduction of the related offering costs, in the amount of $147,408 thousand.
Since March 2006, the Company’s ordinary shares have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “HIMX.” in the form of ADSs.
Principal Activities
Himax Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) designs, develops and markets semiconductors that are critical components of flat panel displays. The Company’s principal products are display drivers for large-sized thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD) panels, which are used in desktop monitors, notebook computers and televisions, and display drivers for small- and medium-sized TFT-LCD panels which are used in mobile handsets, and consumer electronics products such as digital cameras, mobile gaming devices and car navigation displays. In addition, the Company has expanded its product offering to include television semiconductor solutions, as well as liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) products. The Company’s customers are TFT-LCD panel manufacturers, LCD and mobile device module manufacturers and television makers.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Himax Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries as if the Company had been in existence for all periods presented. As a result of the above-mentioned share exchange, all of the outstanding ordinary shares of Himax Technologies, Inc. were owned by former shareholders of Himax Taiwan until the Company's initial public offering. This transaction is a change in legal organization for which no change in accounting basis is appropriate. Therefore, in presenting the consolidated financial statements of the Company, the assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses of Himax Taiwan and its subsidiaries are included at their historical amounts for all periods presented.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with US generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”).
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) | Principles of Consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Himax Technologies, Inc., and all its majority owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns; the valuation of deferred income tax assets, property, plant and equipment, inventory, potential impairment of marketable securities and other equity investments, share-based compensation; reserves for employee benefit obligations, and income tax uncertainties and other contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(c) | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the Company had $89,500 thousand and $62,337 thousand of cash equivalents, respectively, consisting of NT$ and US dollar denominated time deposits with an original maturity of less than three months. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had $97 thousand of negotiable certificate of deposits with an original maturity of more than three months, which had been pledged as collateral.
(d) | Marketable Securities |
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, all of the Company’s investments in debt and marketable equity securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and are reported at fair value with changes in fair value, net of related taxes, excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. Available-for-sale securities, which mature or are expected to be sold in one year, are classified as current assets.
Declines in market value are charged against earnings at the time that a decline has been determined to be other than temporary, which is based primarily on the financial condition of the issuer and the extent and length of time of the decline.
The cost of the securities sold is computed based on the moving average cost of each security held at the time of sale.
Inventories primarily consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods awaiting final assembly and test, and are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the weighted-average method. For work-in-process and manufactured inventories, cost consists of the cost of raw materials (primarily fabricated wafer and processed tape), direct labor and an appropriate proportion of production overheads. The Company also writes down excess and obsolete inventory to its estimated market value based upon estimations about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional future inventory write-down may be required that could adversely affect the Company’s operating results. Once written down, inventories are carried at this lower amount until sold or scrapped. If actual market conditions are more favorable, the Company may have higher operating
income when such products are sold. Sales to date of such products have not had a significant impact on the Company's operating income.
(f) | Investments in Non-Marketable Securities |
Non-marketable equity securities in which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the investee are stated at cost. Dividends, if any, are recognized into earnings when received.
An impairment of an investment in non-marketable securities that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in its carrying amount to its estimated fair value. The resulting impairment loss is charged to earnings at that time. To determine whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, management primarily considers the financial condition of the investee, reasons for the impairment, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to period end and forecasted performance of the investee.
(g) | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, plant and equipment consists primarily of land purchased in August 2005 as the construction site of the Company’s new headquarters which was completed in November 2006, and machinery and equipment used in the design and development of products, and is stated at cost. Depreciation on building and machinery and equipment commences when the asset is ready for its intended use and is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range as follows: building 25 years, building improvements, 6 to 16 years, machinery and equipment, generally three to six years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Software is amortized on a straight line basis over estimated useful lives ranging from two to five years.
Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in connection with the Company's acquisition of Wispal Technologies, Inc. in 2007. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at a reporting unit level. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value (including goodwill). If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit and the Company must perform step two of the impairment test (measurement). Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141, Business Combinations. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed. Management considers the enterprise as a whole to be the reporting unit for purpose of evaluating goodwill impairment and consequently, determines the fair value of the reporting unit using the quoted market price of the Company’s ordinary shares.
During 2007, management performed its annual impairment testing of goodwill and concluded that there was no impairment in 2007.
(i) Intangible Assets
Acquired intangible assets include patents, developed technology and customer relationships assets at December 31, 2006 and 2007. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives; patents, five years, developed technology, five to seven years and customer relationships, seven years.
(j) Derivative Financial Instruments
All derivative financial instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities and are reported at fair value at each balance sheet date. As none of the derivative financial instruments meet all the conditions for hedge accounting, changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recognized in earnings and are included in other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
(k) | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
The Company’s long-lived assets, which consist of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is assessed by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to its estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds such estimated cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value. Management generally determines fair value based on the estimated discounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.
(l) Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from product sales when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the price is fixed and determinable and collection is reasonably assured. The Company uses a binding purchase order as evidence of an arrangement. The Company considers delivery to occur upon shipment provided title and risk of loss has passed to the customer based on the shipping terms, which is generally when the product is shipped to the customer from the Company’s facilities or the outsourced assembly and testing house. In some cases, title and risk of loss does not pass to the customer when the product is received by them. In these cases, the Company recognizes revenue at the time when title and risk of loss is transferred, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been satisfied. These cases include several inventory locations where the Company manages inventory for its customers, some of which inventory is at customer facilities. In such cases, revenue is not recognized when products are received at these locations; rather, revenue is recognized when customers take the inventory from the location for their use.
The Company records a reduction to revenue and accounts receivable by establishing a sales discount and return allowance for estimated sales discounts and product returns at the time revenue is recognized based primarily on historical discount and return rates. However, if sales discount and product returns for a particular fiscal period exceed historical rates, management may determine that additional sales discount and return allowances are required to properly reflect the Company’s estimated remaining exposure for sales discounts and product returns.
Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from revenues in the consolidated statements of income.
Under the Company’s standard terms and conditions of sale, products sold are subject to a limited product quality warranty.
The Company may receive warranty claims outside the scope of the standard terms and conditions. The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized based primarily on historical experience and any specifically identified quality issues.
(n) | Research and Development and Advertising Costs |
The Company’s research and development and advertising expenditures are charged to expense as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, were $29 thousand, $27 thousand and $8 thousand, respectively.
The Company recognizes government grants to fund research and development expenditures as a reduction of research and development expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income based on the percentage of actual qualifying expenditures incurred to date to the most recent estimate of total expenditures for which they are intended to be compensated.
(o) | Employee Retirement Plan |
The Company has established an employee noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan (the “Defined Benefit Plan”) covering full-time employees in the ROC.
The Company records annual amounts relating to its pension and postretirement plans based on calculations that incorporate various actuarial and other assumptions including, discount rates, mortality, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, and turnover rates. The Company reviews its assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates when it is appropriate to do so. The effect of modifications to those assumptions is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income beginning from the end of 2006 and amortized to net periodic cost over future periods using the corridor method. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience and market conditions.
On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of FASB Statement No. 158,
Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, or SFAS No. 158. SFAS No. 158 requires companies to recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as a net asset or liability and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income to the extent those changes are not included in the net periodic cost. SFAS No. 158 also eliminates the requirement for Additional Minimum Pension Liability required under SFAS No. 87. This statement does not change the existing criteria for measurement of periodic benefit costs, plan assets or benefit obligations.
The funded status reported on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 under SFAS No. 158 was measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation on a plan-by-plan basis. The incremental effect of the initial adoption of SFAS No. 158 at December 31, 2006 was a reduction of accumulated other comprehensive income of $331 thousand, which was applied as follows:
| | Before application | | | SFAS No. 158 | | | After application | |
| | of SFAS No. 158 | | | Adjustments | | | of SFAS No. 158 | |
Refundable deposits and prepaid pension costs | | $ | 811 | | | | (242 | ) | | | 569 | |
Deferred income taxes-noncurrent | | | 11,307 | | | | 98 | | | | 11,405 | |
Total assets | | | 518,938 | | | | (144 | ) | | | 518,794 | |
Accrued pension liabilities | | | – | | | | 192 | | | | 192 | |
Minority interest | | | 1,401 | | | | (5 | ) | | | 1,396 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | | | 56 | | | | (331 | ) | | | (275 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 364,258 | | | | (331 | ) | | | 363,927 | |
Total stockholders’ equity and liabilities | | | 518,938 | | | | (144 | ) | | | 518,794 | |
The recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158 had no effect on the consolidated statements of income for the periods presented. The adoption of SFAS No. 158 did not impact the Company's compliance with debt covenants or its cash position.
The Company has adopted a defined contribution plan covering full-time employees in the ROC (the “Defined Contribution Plan”) beginning July 1, 2005 pursuant to ROC Labor Pension Act. Pension cost for a period is determined based on the contribution called for in that period. Substantially all participants in the Defined Benefit Plan have been provided the option of continuing to participate in the Defined Benefit Plan, or to participate in the Defined Contribution Plan on a prospective basis from July 1, 2005. Accumulated benefits attributed to participants that elect to change plans are not impacted by their election.
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities in the financial statements and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Beginning with the adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, or FIN 48, as of January 1, 2007, the Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. Prior to the adoption of FIN 48, the Company recognized the effect of income tax positions only if such positions were probable of being sustained. On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FIN 48. As a result, management conducted a comprehensive evaluation of its uncertain tax positions. Management concluded that it was not necessary for the Company to recognize any adjustments as a result of the initial adoption of FIN 48. Further, the Company did not recognize any interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in 2007.
(q) | Foreign Currency Translation |
The reporting currency of the Company is the United States dollar. The functional currency for the Company’s major
operations is the United States dollar. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than the United States dollar are included in the consolidation by translating the assets and liabilities into the reporting currency (the United States dollar) at the exchange rates applicable at the end of the reporting period. Equity accounts are translated at historical rates. The statements of income and cash flows are translated at the average exchange rates during the year. Translation gains or losses are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into functional currency at end-of-period exchange rates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities, including inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets, property and equipment, other assets and equity, are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at average exchange rates in effect during each period. Gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement are included in other income (loss) in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
(r) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of ordinary and diluted ordinary equivalent
shares outstanding during the period. Ordinary equivalent shares consist of nonvested shares and unvested treasury stock
issued to employees that are contingently returnable until lapse of the requisite service period, ordinary shares that are contingently issuable upon the vesting of unvested restricted share units (RSUs) granted to employees and independent directors and contingently issuable ordinary shares upon the achievement of specific milestones as of December 31, 2007 related to the acquisition of Wisepal Technologies, Inc.
Basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share have been calculated as follows: | | | | | | | |
| | Year December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Net income (in thousands) | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Denominator for basic earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares | | | | | | | | | | | | |
outstanding (in thousands) | | | 176,105 | | | | 192,475 | | | | 196,862 | |
Basic earnings per share | | | 0.35 | | | | 0.39 | | | | 0.57 | |
Contingently returnable nonvested shares and unvested treasury stock issued to employees, contingently issuable ordinary shares underlying the unvested RSUs granted to employees and independent directors and contingently issuable ordinary shares related to acquisition are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share based on treasury stock method. In 2006, the unvested 590,401 RSUs which will vest during 2007 and 2008 were excluded from the diluted earnings per share computation as their effect would be anti-dilutive. In 2007, the unvested 1,272,600 RSUs which will vest during 2008 and 2009 were excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
| | Year December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
Net income (in thousands) | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Denominator for diluted earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of ordinary shares | | | | | | | | | | | | |
outstanding (in thousands) | | | 176,105 | | | | 192,475 | | | | 196,862 | �� |
Nonvested ordinary shares, RSUs and | | | | | | | | | | | | |
contingent shares (in thousands) | | | 4,554 | | | | 2,615 | | | | 660 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 180,659 | | | | 195,090 | | | | 197,522 | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.34 | | | | 0.39 | | | | 0.57 | |
(s) | Share-Based Compensation |
The Company has applied SFAS No.123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, from its incorporation in June 2001 for its share-based compensation plan. The cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based instruments issued. The cost of employee services is equal to the grant-date fair value of shares issued to employees and is recognized in earnings over the service period. Compensation cost also considers the number of awards management believes will eventually vest. As a result, compensation cost is reduced by the estimated forfeitures. The estimate is adjusted each period to reflect the current estimate of forfeitures, and finally, the actual number of awards that vest.
(t) Sale of Newly Issued Subsidiary Shares
A gain resulting from the issuance of shares by a subsidiary to a third-party that reduces the Company’s percentage ownership (“dilution gain”) is recognized as additional paid in capital in the Company’s consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company recognized a dilution gain of $170 thousand and $52 thousand, respectively, resulting from the issuance to third parties of new shares (representing a 20.73 % interest) and the issuance to employees of nonvested shares (representing a 6.60% interest) by Himax Analogic Inc. (“Himax Analogic”, a consolidated subsidiary, formerly known as Amazion Electronics, Inc,) for cash proceeds of $866 thousand and for employees’ future service with a fair value of $392 thousand, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company recognized a dilution gain of $178 thousand, resulting from the issuance to third parties of new shares (representing a 2.34 % interest) by Himax Display Inc. (“Himax Display”, a consolidated subsidiary) for cash proceeds of $676 thousand. For the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company recognized a dilution gain of $319 thousand and $514 thousand, resulting from the issuance to third parties of new shares (representing a 1.45 % and 6.38 % interest, respectively) by Himax Display and Himax Analogic for cash proceeds of $1,217 thousand and $2,290 thousand, respectively.
(u) | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurement, or SFAS No. 157. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for the measurement of fair value, and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. The Statement does not require any new fair value measures. The Statement is effective for fair value measures already required or permitted by other standards for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (January 1, 2008 for the Company) and is to be applied prospectively. Subsequently in February 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 157-1 “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurement for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13,” and FSP FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157.” FSP FAS 157-1 amends the scope of SFAS No.
157 and other accounting standards that address fair value measurements for purpose of lease classification or measurement under Statement 13. The FSP is effective on initial adoption of Statement 157. FSP FAS 157-2 defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. Management does not expect the initial adoption of SFAS No. 157, FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157-2 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS Statement No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans-an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132 (R), or SFAS No. 158. As described in Note 2 (o), effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158. SFAS No. 158 also requires plan assets and benefit obligations be measured as of the date of its fiscal year-end statement of financial position with limited exceptions. The measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008, and will not be applied retrospectively. The measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 are consistent with the Company’s current policies and management does not anticipate that the adoption of the measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 will have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 or SFAS No. 159. SFAS No. 159 gives the Company the irrevocable option to carry most financial assets and liabilities at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. If the fair value option is elected, changes in fair value would be recorded in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 is effective for the Company’s 2008 fiscal year. Management has elected not to adopt this standard.
In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141R, Business Combinations or SFAS No. 141R and FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements- an amendment to ARB No. 51 or SFAS No. 160. SFAS No. 141R and 160 require most identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at “full fair value” and require noncontrolling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be reported as a component of equity, which changes the accounting for transactions with noncontrolling interest holders. Both Statements are effective for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141R will be applied to by the Company to business combinations, if any, that occur after the effective date. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests, including any that arose before the effective date. The initial adoption of SFAS No. 160 is expected to only result in a reclassification of the Company’s noncontrolling interest to shareholders’ equity.
Note 3. Acquisition
On February 1, 2007, the Company acquired 100 percent of the outstanding ordinary shares of Wisepal Technologies, Inc. (“Wisepal”). The results of Wisepal’s operations had been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since that date. Wisepal is a display driver IC company primarily focuses on small-and medium-sized applications. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is expected to diversify its product portfolio with more exposure towards small-and medium-sized products. It also expects to be further strengthen the Company’s competitiveness in the display driver market with the addition of technology resources.
The aggregate purchase price was $46,971 thousand, consisting of 6,090,114 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares
amounting to $43,021 thousand; 418,440 units of the Company’s RSUs amounting to $2,011 thousand in exchange for Wisepal’s unvested stock option of which 127,283 units vested immediately on the acquisition date; other direct acquisition cost of $252 thousand and a contingent consideration of 395,248 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares amounting to $1,687 thousand to be issued to the former parent company of Wisepal at US$0.001 per share based on the purchase agreement. The value of the Company’s ordinary shares and the vested portion of the RSUs issued was determined based on the average market price of the Company’s ordinary shares over the 2-day period before and after the terms of the acquisition were agreed to and announced. The value of the additional contingent ordinary shares to be issued was determined based on the market price of the Company’s ordinary shares as of December 31, 2007.
The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.
| | At February 1, 2007 | |
| | | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash | | $ | 6,413 | |
Current assets, other than cash | | | 3,037 | |
Property and equipment | | | 622 | |
Intangible assets - in-process R&D | | | 1,600 | |
- others | | | 14,300 | |
Goodwill | | | 26,878 | |
| | | | |
Total assets acquired | | | 52,850 | |
| | | | |
Current liabilities | | | (1,332 | ) |
Deferred income taxes | | | (4,547 | ) |
| | | | |
Total liabilities assumed | | | (5,879 | ) |
| | | | |
Net assets acquired | | | 46,971 | |
Acquired tangible assets were valued at estimates of their current fair values. The valuation of acquired intangible assets was determined based on management’s estimates and consultation with an independent appraiser. Of the $15,900 thousand of the acquired intangible assets, $1,600 thousand was assigned to in-process R&D assets that had not yet reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use and were written off at the date of acquisition in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 4, Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method. Those write-offs are included in research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The remaining acquired intangible assets, all of which will be amortized, have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 7 years. The intangible assets that make up that amount include core and developed technology of $6,200 thousand (7-year weighted-average useful life) and customer relationships of $8,100 thousand (7-year weighted-average useful life). Himax paid a premium for this acquisition because of expected synergistic benefits, including the assembled workforce, and to broaden the supplier base to secure foundry capacity and optimize its foundry mix and further diversified its technology and product mix. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purpose.
The following unaudited pro forma results of operations for the years end December 31, 2006 and 2007 are presented as though the acquisition occurred at the beginning of the respective periods (dollars in thousand except per share amounts):
| | For the years end December 31, (unaudited) | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Net revenues | | $ | 770,595 | | | | 919,105 | |
Net income | | $ | 75,628 | | | | 112,406 | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.38 | | | | 0.57 | |
Note 4. Marketable Securities
Following is a summary of marketable securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2007:
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Amortized | | Gross Unrealized | | | Gross Unrealized | | | Market | |
| | Cost | | Gains | | | Losses | | | Value | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | | |
Time deposit with original maturities more | | | | | | | | | | | | |
than three months | | $ | 522 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 522 | |
Open-ended bond fund | | | 8,277 | | | | 29 | | | | – | | | | 8,306 | |
Total | | $ | 8,799 | | | | 29 | | | | – | | | | 8,828 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Amortized | | Gross Unrealized | | | Gross Unrealized | | | Market | |
| | Cost | | Gains | | | Losses | | | Value | |
| | | | | | (in thousands) | | | | | |
Time deposit with original maturities more | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
than three months | | $ | 154 | | | | – | | | | – | | | | 154 | |
Open-ended bond fund | | | 14,929 | | | | 125 | | | | – | | | | 15,054 | |
Total | | $ | 15,083 | | | | 125 | | | | – | | | | 15,208 | |
The Company’s portfolio of available for sale marketable securities by contractual maturity or the expected holding period as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 is due in one year or less.
Information on sales of available for sale marketable securities for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 is summarized below.
| | Proceeds | | | Gross | | Gross | |
Period | | from sales | | | realized gains | | realized losses | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2005 | | $ | 42,028 | | | | 105 | | | | – | |
Year ended December 31, 2006 | | $ | 27,128 | | | | 60 | | | | – | |
Year ended December 31, 2007 | | $ | 46,303 | | | | 112 | | | | – | |
At December 31, 2006, the Company had $108 thousand of restricted marketable securities, consisting of time deposits with an original maturity of more than three months, which had been pledged as collateral for custom duty.
Note 5. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Sales Returns and Discounts
The activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and discounts for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 follows:
| | Balance at | | | | | | Amounts | | | Balance at | |
Period | | beginning of year | | | Addition | | | utilized | | | end of year | |
| | | | | | | | (in thousands) | | | | |
For the year ended December 31, 2005 | | $ | 240 | | | | 398 | | | | (457 | ) | | | 181 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2006 | | $ | 181 | | | | 2,843 | | | | (2,156 | ) | | | 868 | |
For the year ended December 31, 2007 | | $ | 868 | | | | 1,705 | | | | (2,080 | ) | | | 493 | |
Note 6. Inventories
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, inventories consisted of the following:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Finished goods | | $ | 44,194 | | | | 62,195 | |
Work in process | | | 40,039 | | | | 47,439 | |
Raw materials | | | 17,048 | | | | 6,905 | |
Supplies | | | 54 | | | | 11 | |
Merchandise | | | 6 | | | | – | |
| | $ | 101,341 | | | | 116,550 | |
Note 7. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Refundable business tax | | $ | 5,994 | | | | 10,461 | |
Prepaid software maintenance fee | | | 2,789 | | | | 1,501 | |
Subsidy receivables | | | 640 | | | | 1,007 | |
Prepaid rental and others | | | 901 | | | | 2,400 | |
| | $ | 10,324 | | | | 15,369 | |
Note 8. Intangible Assets | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| Gross carrying | | Weighted average | | Accumulated | |
| | amount | | amortization period | | amortization | |
| | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Technology | | $ | 139 | | 5 years | | | 86 | |
Patents | | | 358 | | 5 years | | | 18 | |
Total | | $ | 497 | | | | | 104 | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Gross carrying | | Weighted average | | Accumulated | |
| | amount | | amortization period | | amortization | |
| | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Technology | | $ | 6,339 | | | | | 926 | |
Customer relationship | | | 8,100 | | | | | 1,061 | |
Patents | | | 358 | | 5 years | | | 89 | |
Total | | $ | 14,797 | | | | | 2,076 | |
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, was $28 thousand, $45 thousand and $1,972 thousand, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the next five years is $2,140 thousand in 2008, $2,114 thousand in 2009 and 2010, $2,097 thousand in 2011, and $2,043 thousand in 2012.
Note 9. Property, Plant and Equipment | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Land | | $ | 10,154 | | | | 10,154 | |
Building and improvements | | | 12,967 | | | | 16,413 | |
Machinery | | | 6,744 | | | | 6,366 | |
Research and development equipment | | | 8,611 | | | | 12,144 | |
Software | | | 5,149 | | | | 7,496 | |
Office furniture and equipment | | | 2,478 | | | | 4,575 | |
Others | | | 4,150 | | | | 3,970 | |
| | | 50,253 | | | | 61,118 | |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (12,742 | ) | | | (15,860 | ) |
Prepayment for purchases of equipment and software | | | 1,384 | | | | 922 | |
| | $ | 38,895 | | | | 46,180 | |
Depreciation and amortization of these assets for 2005, 2006 and 2007, was $3,585 thousand, $5,176 thousand and $8,288 thousand, respectively.
Note 10. Investments in Non-marketable Securities | | | | | | |
Following is a summary of such investments as of December 31, 2006 and 2007: | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | |
Chi Lin Technology Co. Ltd | | $ | 817 | | | | 1,057 | |
Jetronics International Corp | | | – | | | | 1,600 | |
C Company | | | – | | | | 4,481 | |
| | $ | 817 | | | | 7,138 | |
In 2006, the Company considered its investment in equity of LightMaster Systems, Inc. to be other than temporarily impaired
due to the bankruptcy case concerning LightMaster Systems, Inc. filed in July 2006. The carrying amount of $1,500 thousand was fully written off with an impairment loss recognized in other non-operating loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
As of December 31, 2007, it was not practicable for the Company to estimate the fair value of its investment in equity of Chi Lin Technology Co. Ltd. (on January 1, 2007, TopSun Optronics, Inc. merged with Chi Lin Technology Co. Ltd., Chi Lin Technology Co. Ltd. was the surviving company), Jetronics International Corp., and C Company. However, there are no identified events or changes in circumstance that may have significant adverse effects on the recoverability of the carrying value of these investments.
Note 11. Other Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Accrued payroll and related expenses | | $ | 3,441 | | | | 4,099 | |
Accrued mask and mold fees | | | 3,282 | | | | 6,020 | |
Payable for purchases of equipment | | | 4,317 | | | | 1,257 | |
Accrued professional service fee | | | 1,202 | | | | 1,179 | |
Accrued warranty costs | | | 630 | | | | 335 | |
Accrued commission | | | 1,836 | | | | 64 | |
Accrued insurance, welfare expenses, etc | | | 6,498 | | | | 6,277 | |
| | $ | 21,206 | | | | 19,231 | |
The movement in accrued warranty costs for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, is as follows: | |
| |
| | | Balance at | | Additions charged | | Amounts | | Balance at | |
Period | | beginning of year | | to expense | | utilized | | end of year | |
| | | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2005 | | | $ | 507 | | | | 1,415 | | | | (1,377 | ) | | | 545 | |
Year ended December 31, 2006 | | | $ | 545 | | | | 2,101 | | | | (2,016 | ) | | | 630 | |
Year ended December 31, 2007 | | | $ | 630 | | | | 799 | | | | (1,094 | ) | | | 335 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 12. Short-term Debt | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2005, short-term debt consisted of a $13,600 thousand loan, denominated in US dollars, and which has a maturity date that had been extended to May 2, 2006. The remaining balance of short-term debt of approximately $13,674 thousand, is comprised of three separate loans in the amounts of NT$250,000 thousand ($7,596 thousand), NT$40,000 thousand ($1,216 thousand) and NT$160,000 thousand ($4,862 thousand), all of which are denominated in New Taiwan dollars and which have maturity dates that have been extended to March 26, 2006, March 26, 2006 and March 27, 2006, respectively. All short term debts had been fully paid off during 2006.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, unused credit lines amounted to $42,557 thousand and $57,919 thousand, respectively.
Note 13. Government Grant
The Company entered into several contracts with Industrial Development Bureau of Ministry of Economic Affairs (IDB of MOEA), Department of Industrial Technology of Ministry of Economic Affairs (DOIT of MOEA) and the Administrative Bureau of Science-
Based Industrial Park (SBIP) during 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2007 for the development of certain new leading products or technologies. Details of these contracts are summarized below:
Authority | | Total Grant | | Execution Period | | Product Description |
(in thousands) |
IDB of MOEA | | NT$ 22,700 (US$654) | | September 2003 to | | Mobile phone TFT driver IC |
| | | | February 2005 | | |
SBIP | | | | October 2004 to | | |
| | | | July 2005 | | Application of LCOS |
DOIT of MOEA | | | | December 2004 to | | Multimedia high |
| | | | November 2005 | | definition TV SOC |
DOIT of MOEA | | | | September 2005 to | | Mobile phone TFT single |
| | | | December 2006 | | chip SOC |
DOIT of MOEA | | 22,670 (US$703) | | August 2007 to July 2009 | | Display Port IC |
Government grants recognized by the Company as a reduction of research and development expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income in 2005, 2006 and 2007 were $381 thousand, $466 thousand and $108 thousand, respectively.
Note 14. Retirement Plan
The Company has established the Defined Benefit Plan covering full-time employees in the ROC. In accordance with the Defined Benefit Plan, employees are eligible for retirement or are required to retire after meeting certain age or service requirements. Retirement benefits are based on years of service and the average salary for the six-month period before the employee’s retirement. Each employee earns two months of salary for each of the first fifteen years of service, and one month of salary for each year of service thereafter. The maximum retirement benefit is 45 months of salary. Retirement benefits are paid to eligible participants on a lump-sum basis upon retirement.
Defined Benefit Plan assets consist entirely of a Pension Fund (the “Fund”) denominated solely in cash, as mandated by ROC Labor Standard Law. The Company contributes an amount equal to 2% of wages and salaries paid every month to the Fund (required by law). The Fund is administered by a pension fund monitoring committee (the “Committee”) and is deposited in the Committee’s name in the Bank of Taiwan (formerly Central Trust of China which was acquired by Bank of Taiwan in 2007).
As discussed in note 2(o), effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158. SFAS No. 158 requires companies to recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as a net asset or liability on its balance sheet. Actuarial gains and losses are generally amortized subject to the corridor, over the average remaining service life of the Company’s active employee.
Beginning July 1, 2005, pursuant to the newly effective ROC Labor Pension Act, the Company is required to make a monthly contribution for full-time employees in the ROC that elected to participate in the Defined Contribution Plan at a rate no less than 6% of the employee’s monthly wages to the employees’ individual pension fund accounts at the ROC Bureau of Labor Insurance. Expense recognized in 2005, 2006 and 2007, based on the contribution called for was $356 thousand, $883 thousand and $1,066 thousand, respectively.
Substantially all participants in the Defined Benefits Plan had elected to participate in the Defined Contribution Plan. The
transfer of participants to the Defined Contribution Plan did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Participants’ accumulated benefits under the Defined Benefit Plan are not impacted by their election to change the plans and their seniority remains regulated by ROC Labor Standard Law, such as the retirement criteria and the amount payable. The Company is required to make contribution for the Defined Benefit Plan until it is fully funded. Pursuant to relevant regulatory requirements, the Company expects to make a cash contribution of $398 thousand to its pension fund maintained with the Bank of Taiwan and $1,734 thousand to the employees’ individual pension fund accounts at the ROC Bureau of Labor Insurance in 2008.
The Company uses a measurement date of December 31, for the Defined Benefit Plan. The changes in projected benefit obligation, plan assets and details of the funded status of the Plan are as follows: |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Change in projected benefit obligation: | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | $ | 622 | | | | 885 | |
Acquisition from Wisepal | | | – | | | | 56 | |
Service cost | | | 9 | | | | 3 | |
Interest cost | | | 22 | | | | 26 | |
Actuarial loss | | | 232 | | | | 120 | |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | | 885 | | | | 1,090 | |
Change in plan assets: | | | | | | | | |
Fair value at beginning of year | | | 414 | | | | 712 | |
Acquisition from Wisepal | | | – | | | | 46 | |
Actual return on plan assets | | | 12 | | | | 22 | |
Employer contribution | | | 286 | | | | 349 | |
Fair value at end of year | | | 712 | | | | 1,129 | |
Funded status | | $ | (173 | ) | | | 39 | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet consist of: | | | | | | |
Prepaid pension costs | | $ | 19 | | | | 257 | |
Accrued pension liabilities | | | (192 | ) | | | (218 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net amount recognized | | $ | (173 | ) | | | 39 | |
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income was net actuarial loss of $331 thousand and $351 thousand at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
The accumulated benefit obligation for the Defined Benefit Plan was $379 thousand and $407 thousand at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, no employee was eligible for retirement or was required to retire.
For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the net periodic pension cost consisted of the following:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Service cost | | $ | 150 | | | | 9 | | | | 3 | |
Interest cost | | | 13 | | | | 22 | | | | 26 | |
Expected return on plan assets | | | (6 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | (20 | ) |
Net amortization | | | 6 | | | | 6 | | | | 96 | |
Net periodic pension cost | | | 163 | | | | 19 | | | | 105 | |
The net actuarial loss for the defined benefit pension plan that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost in 2008 is $30 thousand.
At December 31, 2006 and 2007, the weighted-average assumptions used in computing the benefit obligation are as follows: December 31,
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | Himax Taiwan, | | | | | | Himax Taiwan, | |
| | Himax Display & | | | Himax Display & | | | Wisepal & Himax | |
| | Himax Analogic | | | Himax Analogic | | | Media Solutions | |
Discount rate | | | 2.75 | % | | | 3.00 | % | | | 3.00 | % |
Rate of increase in compensation levels | | | 4.00 | % | | | 4.00 | % | | | 5.00 | % |
For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the weighted average assumptions used in computing net periodic benefit cost are as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | Himax Taiwan, | | | | | | Himax Taiwan, | |
| | | | | Himax | | | Himax | | | Himax | | | Wisepal & | |
| | Himax | | | Display & | | | Display & | | | Display & | | | Himax Media | |
| | Taiwan | | | Himax Analogic | | | Himax Analogic | | | Himax Analogic | | | Solutions | |
Discount rate | | | 3.50 | % | | | 3.50 | % | | | 2.75 | % | | | 3.00 | % | | | 3.00 | % |
Rate of increase in | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
compensation levels | | | 4.00 | % | | | 3.00 | % | | | 4.00 | % | | | 4.00 | % | | | 5.00 | % |
Expected long-term rate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of return on pension assets | | | 3.50 | % | | | 3.50 | % | | | 2.75 | % | | | 3.00 | % | | | 3.00 | % |
The Company determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets based on the yields of twenty year ROC central government bonds and the historical long-term rate of return on the above mentioned Fund mandated by the ROC Labor Standard Law.
Benefits payments to be paid during the next ten years are estimated as follows:
| | | Amount | |
| | | (in thousands) | |
2008 | | | $ | – | |
2009 | | | | – | |
2010 | | | | – | |
2011 | | | | – | |
2012 | | | | – | |
2013 ~ 2017 | | | | 242 | |
Note 15. Share-Based Compensation
The amount of share-based compensation expenses included in applicable costs of sales and expense categories is summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 188 | | | | 275 | | | | 422 | |
Research and development | | | 6,336 | | | | 11,806 | | | | 15,393 | |
General and administrative | | | 848 | | | | 1,444 | | | | 2,182 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 1,241 | | | | 1,625 | | | | 2,324 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 8,613 | | | | 15,150 | | | | 20,321 | |
(a) | Employee Annual Bonus Plan |
In June 2005, Himax Taiwan discontinued the employee stock bonus program with effect from December 31, 2004. Due to a history of paying bonus based on annual operating results, the Company’s employees have developed an expectation of receiving a bonus of some form. In order to meet such expectation and to retain and motivate employees, management communicated to all employees that they would receive a competitive bonus for services rendered beginning in 2004 and up to the effectiveness of a long-term incentive plan which was expected to be adopted after the completion of the share exchange referred to in Note 1 and approval of the Company’s shareholders.
Based on a compensation package analysis with the Company’s primary domestic competitors, an annual bonus on top of the cash compensation was accrued. The revised bonus plan allows the bonus to be paid in cash or shares. If a cash payment is not made, the shares given will have the same value as the cash award. Employee compensation expense of $4,141 thousand was accrued in 2004 relating to such bonus plan.
In order to settle the above mentioned accrued bonus payable, on December 27, 2005, pursuant to the authorization of the Company’s shareholders and the delegation of the Company's board of directors, the Company’s compensation committee approved a grant of 990,220 RSUs to employees for their service provided in 2004 and the ten months ended October 31, 2005. All RSUs granted to employees as a bonus vested immediately on the grant date.
The amount of compensation expense from the annual bonus plan was determined based on the estimated fair value of the ordinary shares underlying the RSUs granted on the date of grant, which was $8.62 per share.
The allocation of compensation expenses from the annual bonus plan is summarized as follows: | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 98 | | | | – | | | | – | |
Research and development | | | 3,215 | | | | – | | | | – | |
General and administrative | | | 454 | | | | – | | | | – | |
Sales and marketing | | | 628 | | | | – | | | | – | |
| | $ | 4,395 | | | | – | | | | – | |
(b) | Long-term Incentive Plan |
On October 25, 2005, the Company’s shareholders approved a long-term incentive plan. The plan permits the grants of options or RSUs to the Company’s employees, directors and service providers where each unit of RSU represents one ordinary share of the Company.
On December 30, 2005, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 1,297,564 RSUs and 20,000 RSUs to its employees and independent directors, respectively. The vesting schedule for the RSUs granted to employees is as follows: 25% of the RSU grant vested immediately on the grant date, and a subsequent 25% will vest on each of September 30, 2006, 2007 and 2008, subject to certain forfeiture events. The vesting schedule for the RSUs granted to independent directors is as follows: 25% of the RSU grant vested immediately on the grant date, and a subsequent 25% will vest on each of June 30, 2006, 2007 and 2008, subject to certain forfeiture events.
On September 29, 2006, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 3,798,808 RSUs to its employees. The vesting schedule for the RSUs is as follows: 47.29% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date and a subsequent 17.57% will vest on each of September 30, 2007, 2008 and 2009, subject to certain forfeiture events.
On September 26, 2007, the Company’s compensation committee made grants of 6,694,411 RSUs to its employees. The vesting schedule for the RSUs is as follows: 54.55% of the RSUs grant vested immediately on the grant date which were settled by cash amounting to $14,426 thousand, a subsequent 15.15% will vest on each of September 30, 2008, 2009 and 2010 which will be settled by the Company’s ordinary shares, subject to certain forfeiture events.
The amount of compensation expense from the long-term incentive plan was determined based on the estimated fair value and the market price of the ordinary shares underlying the RSUs granted on the date of grant, which was $8.62 per share, $5.71 per share and $3.95 per share on December 30, 2005, September 29, 2006 and September 26, 2007, respectively.
Management is primarily responsible for estimating the fair value of the Company’s ordinary shares underlying the RSUs granted on December 30, 2005. When estimating fair value for such share prior to the Company's IPO, management considers a number of factors, including contemporaneous valuations from an independent third-party appraiser. The share valuation methodologies used include the discounted cash flow approach and the market value approach where a different weight to each of the approaches is assigned to estimate the value of the Company when the RSUs were granted. The discounted cash flow approach involves applying appropriate discount rates to estimated cash flows that are based on earnings forecasts. The market value approach incorporates certain assumptions including the market performance of comparable companies as well as the Company's financial results and business plan. These assumptions include: no
material changes in the existing political, legal, fiscal and economic conditions in Taiwan; the Company’s ability to retain competent management, key personnel and technical staff to support its ongoing operations; and no material deviation in industry trends and market conditions from economic forecasts.
In December 2007, due to the carve-out of television semiconductor solutions business to incorporate Himax Media Solutions, Inc. (“Himax Media Solution”, a consolidated subsidiary), 145 employees were transferred from Himax Taiwan to Himax Media solutions. 361,046 units of these employees’ unvested RSUs were cancelled in exchange for 3,416,714 nonvested shares of Himax Media Solutions’ ordinary share. See Note 15 (c) (iv) for further details of the modification of award.
RSUs activity under the long-term incentive plan during the periods indicated is as follows:
| | Number of | | | Weighted | |
| | Underlying | | | Average Grant | |
| | Shares for RSUs | | | Date Fair Value | |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | – | | | $ | – | |
Granted | | | 1,317,564 | | | | 8.62 | |
Vested | | | (329,395 | ) | | | 8.62 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 988,169 | | | | 8.62 | |
Granted | | | 3,798,808 | | | | 5.71 | |
Vested | | | (2,106,669 | ) | | | 6.14 | |
Forfeited | | | (172,165 | ) | | | 7.19 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 2,508,143 | | | | 6.39 | |
Granted | | | 6,694,411 | | | | 3.95 | |
Vested | | | (4,507,170 | ) | | | 4.46 | |
Cancelled | | | (361,046 | ) | | | 3.98 | |
Forfeited | | | (680,949 | ) | | | 5.27 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 3,653,389 | | | | 4.75 | |
As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to the unvested RSUs not yet recognized was $14,965 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 2.34 years.
The allocation of compensation expenses from the RSUs granted to employees and independent directors under the long- term incentive plan is summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 62 | | | | 264 | | | | 422 | |
Research and development | | | 2,080 | | | | 11,263 | | | | 15,164 | |
General and administrative | | | 262 | | | | 1,392 | | | | 2,182 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 436 | | | | 1,554 | | | | 2,323 | |
| | $ | 2,840 | | | | 14,473 | | | | 20,091 | |
(c) | Nonvested Shares Issued to Employees |
(i) | In June 2001, November 2001 and January 2002, Himax Taiwan granted nonvested shares of common stock to certain |
employees for their future service. The shares will vest five years after the grant date. If employees leave Himax Taiwan before completing the five year service period, they must sell these shares back to Himax Taiwan at NT$1.00 (US$0.03) per share.
Because the shares had not vested, the capital increase recorded when the shares were issued was fully offset by an equal amount of deferred compensation expense. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the five-year service period with a corresponding reduction of deferred compensation expense, resulting in a net increase in equity. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $92 thousand and $70 thousand in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Such compensation expense was recorded as research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income since the employees who received such nonvested shares were assigned to the research and development department. The fair value of shares on grant date was estimated based on the then most recent price of new shares issued to unrelated third parties, which was NT$4.02 (US$0.116) per share.
Nonvested share activity during the periods indicated is as follows: | | | | | | |
| | | | | Weighted | |
| | Number of | | | Average Grant | |
| | Shares | | | Date Fair Value | |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | 3,195,885 | | | $ | 0.116 | |
Forfeited | | | (2,487 | ) | | | 0.116 | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 3,193,398 | | | | 0.116 | |
Vested | | | (3,193,398 | ) | | | 0.116 | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | – | | | | – | |
The forfeiture of nonvested shares issued to employees is based on the original number of shares granted, not including the shares issued pursuant to subsequent stock splits or dividends.
As of December 31, 2006, the total compensation cost related to the actual number of nonvested shares that vest has been fully recognized.
(ii) In September 2005, Himax Analogic granted nonvested shares of its common stock to certain employees for their future service. The shares will vest four years after the grant date. If employees leave Himax Analogic before completing the four year service period, they must sell these shares back to Himax Analogic at NT$1.00 (US$0.03) per share. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $33 thousand, $59 thousand, and $59 thousand in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. Such compensation expense was recorded as research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income with a corresponding increase to minority interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of shares on grant date was estimated based on the then most recent price of new shares issued to unrelated third parties, which was NT$10 (US$0.319) per share.
Nonvested share activity of this award during the period indicated is as follows:
| | Number of | | | Weighted Average Grant |
| | Shares | | | Date Fair Value |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | – | | | $ | – | |
Granted | | | 1,250,000 | | | | 0.319 | |
Forfeited | | | (445,000 | ) | | | 0.319 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 805,000 | | | | 0.319 | |
Forfeited | | | (36,000 | ) | | | 0.319 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 769,000 | | | | 0.319 | |
Forfeited | | | (66,000 | ) | | | 0.319 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 703,000 | | | | 0.319 | |
As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to this award not yet recognized was $70 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 1.54 years.
(iii) In September 2007, Himax Imaging Inc. (“Himax Imaging”, a consolidated subsidiary) granted nonvested shares of its common stock to certain employees for their future service, and the employees must pay $0.15 per share. The shares will vest four years after the grant date. If employees leave Himax Imaging before completing the four year service period, they must sell these shares back to Himax Imaging at $0.15 per share. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $56 thousand in 2007. Such compensation expense was recorded as research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income with a corresponding increase to minority interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of shares on grant date was estimated based on the then most recent price of new shares issued, which was US$0.33 per share.
Nonvested share activity of this award during the period indicated is as follows:
| | | | Weighted | |
| | Number of | | Average Grant | |
| | Shares | | Date Fair Value | |
Balance at January 1, 2007 | | | – | | | $ | – | |
Granted | | | 5,559,000 | | | | 0.33 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 5,559,000 | | | | 0.33 | |
As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to this award not yet recognized was $967 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 3.84 years.
(iv) As stated in Note 15 (b) above, in December 2007, Himax Media Solutions granted 3,416,714 nonvested shares of its ordinary share to 145 employees transferred from Himax Taiwan to exchange for 361,046 units of these employees’ unvested RSUs. The modification of equity award incurred an incremental compensation cost of $148 thousand for the excess of the fair value of the modified award issued over the fair value of the original unvested RSUs at the date of modification. The Company then added incremental compensation cost to the remaining unrecognized compensation cost of the original award at the date of modification and the total compensation cost are recognized as compensation expenses ratably over the requisite service period of the modified award.
The fair value of the original unvested RSUs was determined based on the average market price of the Company’s ordinary shares underlying the RSU at the modification dates occurred during the period from November 12, 2007 to November 16, 2007. The fair value of Himax Media Solutions' nonvested shares at the modification date was determined based on the then most recent price of Himax Media Solutions’ new shares issued to unrelated third parties, which was NT$15 (US$0.464) per share.
The vesting schedule for the nonvested shares is as follows: 50% will vest on June 20, 2009 and the remaining 50% will vest on December 20, 2010. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $14 thousand in 2007. Such compensation expense was recorded as sales and marketing expense and research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
Nonvested share activity of this award during the period indicated is as follows:
| | Number of | | | Weighted Average Grant | |
| | Shares | | | Date Fair Value | |
Balance at January 1, 2007 | | | – | | | $ | – | |
Granted | | | 3,416,714 | | | | 0.464 | |
Forfeited | | | (18,000 | ) | | | 0.464 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 3,398,714 | | | | 0.464 | |
As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to this award not yet recognized was $1,313 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 2.97 years.
(d) | Treasury Stock Issued to Employees |
In 2002 and 2003, treasury shares were issued to employees with a three year vesting period. The excess of the fair value of these common shares over any amount that an employee paid for treasury stock is recorded as deferred compensation expense which is reflected as an offset to equity upon issuance of the treasury shares. Deferred compensation expense is amortized to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the three-year service period with a corresponding increase to equity.
Management is primarily responsible for estimating the fair value of its share. When estimating fair value, management considered a number of factors, including retrospective valuations from an independent third-party valuer. The estimated grant date fair value per share in 2002 and 2003 range from NT$15.32 (US$0.459) to NT$19.93 (US$0.577) and NT$20.17 (US$0.583) to NT$52.10 (US$1.538), respectively.
Treasury stock activity during the periods indicated is as follows: | | | | | | |
| | | | | Weighted Average of | |
| | | | | Excess of Grant Date | |
| | Number of | | Fair Value over | |
| | Shares | | Employee Payment | |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | 7,185,668 | | | $ | 0.597 | |
Vested | | | (2,706,593 | ) | | | 0.356 | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 4,479,075 | | | | 0.743 | |
Vested | | | (4,479,075 | ) | | | 0.743 | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | – | | | | – | |
The forfeiture of treasury stock issued to employees is based on the original number of shares granted, not including the shares issued pursuant to subsequent stock splits or dividends.
The allocation of compensation expenses from the treasury stock issued to employees is summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 28 | | | | 11 | | | | – | |
Research and development | | | 916 | | | | 414 | | | | – | |
General and administrative | | | 132 | | | | 52 | | | | – | |
Sales and marketing | | | 177 | | | | 71 | | | | – | |
| | $ | 1,253 | | | | 548 | | | | – | |
(e) | RSUs issued in connection with the acquisition of Wisepal |
As stated in Note 3, on February 1, 2007, the Company granted 418,440 units of RSUs in exchange for Wisepal’s unvested stock option where each unit of RSU represents one ordinary share of the Company. 127,283 RSUs grant vested immediately on the acquisition date and a subsequent 10%, 33% and 27% of the RSU grant will vest on each of September 30, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively, subject to certain forfeiture events. Vested portion of the RSUs grant was included in the purchase cost of Wisepal while the unvested portion is treated as post-combination compensation expense. The value of the unvested portion of the RSUs grant amounted to $945 thousand which was determined based on the market price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the acquisition date. Such post-combination compensation expense is amortized to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $94 thousand in 2007 which was recorded as research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
| | Number of | | | Weighted | |
| | Underlying | | | Average Grant | |
| | Shares for RSUs | | | Date Fair Value | |
Balance at January 1, 2007 | | | – | | | $ | – | |
Granted | | | 418,440 | | | | 7.064 | |
Vested | | | (165,114 | ) | | | 7.064 | |
Forfeited | | | (200,760 | ) | | | 7.064 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 52,566 | | | | 7.064 | |
As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to this award not yet recognized was $180 thousand. The weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 1.75 years.
(f) | Employee stock options |
On December 20, 2007, board of directors of Himax Media Solutions approved a plan to grant stock options to certain employees. The plan authorizes grants to purchase up to 6,800,000 shares of Himax Media Solutions’ authorized but unissued ordinary shares. The exercise price is NT$15 (US$0.464). All options under the plan have four-year terms and 50%, 25% and 25% of each grant will become exercisable subsequent to the second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant date, respectively. The Company recognized compensation expenses of $7 thousand in 2007. Such compensation expense was recorded as sales and marketing expense and research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
At December 31, 2007, there were 304,500 additional shares available for Himax Media Solutions’ grant under the plan. The calculated value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that used the weighted average assumptions in the following table. Himax Media Solutions uses the simplified method to estimate the expected term of the options as it does not have any historical share option exercise experience and the exercise data relating to employees of other companies is not easily obtainable. Since Himax Media Solutions’ shares are not publicly traded and its shares are rarely traded privately, expected volatility is computed based on the average historical volatility of similar entities with publicly traded shares. The risk-free rate for the expected term of the option is based on the interest rate of 10 years ROC central government bond at the time of grant.
Valuation assumptions: | | 2007 |
Expected dividend yield | | | 0 | % |
Expected volatility | | | 39.94 | % |
Expected term (years) | | | 4.375 | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 2.4776 | % |
Stock option activity during the periods indicated is as follows:
| | | | Weighted | | | Weighted average | |
| | Number of | | average | | | remaining | |
| | shares | | exercise price | | | contractual term | |
Balance at December 20, 2007 | | | – | | | $ | – | | | | – | |
Granted | | | 6,495,500 | | | | 0.464 | | | | 4.375 | |
Forfeited | | | (5,000 | ) | | | 0.464 | | | | 4.375 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 6,490,500 | | | | 0.464 | | | | 4.375 | |
The weighted average grant date calculated value of the options granted in 2007 was NT$3.09 (US$0.096). No option was exercisable as of December 31, 2007.
Note 16. Stockholders’ Equity
On October 14, 2005, the shareholders of Himax Taiwan exchanged an aggregated of 180,769,264 common shares of Himax Taiwan for an aggregate of 180,769,264 ordinary shares of Himax Technologies, Inc. Accordingly, as of October 14, 2005, Himax Technologies, Inc. has an authorized share capital of 500,000,000 ordinary shares with par value of US$0.0001 per share, and 180,769,265 ordinary shares issued and outstanding. There was no change in the amount of total stockholders’ equity as a result of this transaction.
In accordance with the Company’s board of director’s resolution on November 2, 2006, the Company repurchased 7,885,835 ADSs and 2,161,636 ADSs in 2006 and 2007, respectively from open market. On February 1, 2007, the Company announced the completion of its share buyback program. In total, the Company has repurchased $50 million or 10,047,471 ADSs in the open market at an average price of US$4.98 per ADS.
In accordance with the Company’s board of director’s resolution on November 1, 2007, the Company authorized another new share buyback program. The program allows the Company to repurchase up to $40 million of the Company’s ADSs for retirement. The Company repurchased 6,569,108 ADSs in 2007.
As a holding company, the major asset of the Company is the 100% ownership interest in Himax Taiwan. Dividends received from the Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, if any, will be subjected to withholding tax under ROC law. The ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to pay dividends, repay intercompany loans from the Company or make other distributions to the Company may be restricted by the availability of funds, the terms of various credit arrangements entered into by the Company's subsidiaries, as well as statutory and other legal restrictions. The Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan are generally not permitted to distribute dividends or to make any other distributions to shareholders for any year in which it did not have either earnings or retained earnings (excluding reserve). In addition, before distributing a dividend to shareholders following the end of a fiscal year, a Taiwan company must recover any past losses, pay all outstanding taxes and set aside 10% of its annual net income (less prior years' losses and outstanding taxes) as a legal reserve until the accumulated legal reserve equals its paid-in capital, and may set aside a special reserve.
The legal and special reserve provided by Himax Taiwan as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 amounting to $14,178 thousand and $21,001 thousand, respectively.
Note 17. Income Taxes
Substantially all of the Company’s pre-tax income is derived from the operations in the ROC and substantially all of the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) is incurred in the ROC.
An additional 10% corporate income tax will be assessed on undistributed income for the consolidated entities in the ROC, but only to the extent such income is not distributed before the end of the following year. The 10% surtax is recorded in the period the income is earned, and the reduction in the tax liability is recognized in the period the distribution to shareholders is finalized. Prior to 2006, the tax effects of temporary differences were initially measured by using the undistributed tax rate of 32.5%. Commencing from 2006, due to the enacted changes in ROC Income Tax Acts in May 2006 that revised the tax base of the undistributed income surtax from “assessed taxable income, net of current tax” to “net income under ROC generally accepted accounting principles (ROC GAAP) ”, the tax effects of temporary differences between ROC GAAP and tax base are initially measured at the distributed tax rate of 25% and the tax effects of temporary differences between US GAAP and ROC GAAP are initially measured at the revised undistributed tax rate of 31.8%.
In accordance with the ROC Statute for Upgrading Industries, the Company’s capital increase in 2003 and 2004 related to the manufacturing of newly designed TFT-LCD driver was approved by the government authorities as a newly emerging, important and strategic industry. The incremental income derived from selling the above new product is tax exempt for a period of five years. The tax exemption period of the Company’s effective tax incentive as of December 31, 2007 are as follows:
Date of capital increase | | Tax exemption period |
September 1, 2003 | | April 1, 2004 ~ March 31, 2009 |
October 29, 2003 | | January 1, 2006 ~ December 31, 2010 |
September 20, 2004 | | January 1, 2008 ~ December 31, 2012 |
The aggregate basic and diluted earnings per share effect of such income tax exemption for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, is a $0.05, $0.08 and $0.14, increase to earnings per share, respectively.
The components of income tax expense (benefit) are summarized as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| (in thousands) | |
Current income tax expense | | $ | 12,294 | | | | 3,492 | | | | 12,770 | |
Deferred income tax benefit | | | (3,371 | ) | | | (8,938 | ) | | | (14,630 | ) |
| | $ | 8,923 | | | | (5,446 | ) | | | (1,860 | ) |
The differences between expected income tax expense, computed based on the statutory undistributed income tax rate of 32.5%, 31.8% and 31.8% for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, and the actual income tax expense (benefit) as reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 are summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | | |
Expected income tax expense | | $ | 22,834 | | | | 22,103 | | | | 34,851 | |
Tax-exempted income | | | (9,189 | ) | | | (16,012 | ) | | | (27,018 | ) |
Effect of difference between tax base of undistributed | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income surtax with pre-tax income | | | – | | | | 1,562 | | | | 4,012 | |
Adjustment for enacted change in tax laws | | | – | | | | 1,099 | | | | – | |
Impairment loss on investment in non-marketable securities | | | – | | | | 477 | | | | – | |
Nontaxable gains on sale of marketable securities | | | (38 | ) | | | (67 | ) | | | (168 | ) |
Increase of investment tax credits | | | (10,647 | ) | | | (15,216 | ) | | | (20,048 | ) |
Increase in valuation allowance | | | 2,421 | | | | 2,798 | | | | 5,366 | |
Non deductible share-based compensation expenses | | | 2,799 | | | | 1,002 | | | | 330 | |
Provision for uncertain tax position in connection with | | | | | | | | | | | | |
share-based compensation expenses | | | 124 | | | | 526 | | | | 276 | |
Tax benefit resulting from distribution of prior year’s income | | | – | | | | (789 | ) | | | (689 | ) |
Foreign tax rate differential | | | 83 | | | | (1,796 | ) | | | (1,690 | ) |
Variance from audits of prior years’ income tax filings | | | (15 | ) | | | (873 | ) | | | 3,000 | |
Others | | | 551 | | | | (260 | ) | | | (82 | ) |
Actual income tax expense (benefit) | | $ | 8,923 | | | | (5,446 | ) | | | (1,860 | ) |
The adjustment for enacted change in tax laws includes adjustment to deferred tax assets and liabilities and the undistributed income surtax of 2005 related to this change amounting to $686 thousand and $413 thousand, respectively. The enacted changes in ROC Income Tax Acts in May 2006 affects the determination of the undistributed income surtax commencing from 2005 and related deferred income tax assets and liabilities existed as of the enactment date. The Company recognized the impact of the change in 2006, the year of enactment of the tax law.
The amount of total income tax expense (benefit) allocated to continuing operations and the amounts separately allocated to other items are summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 8,923 | | | | (5,446 | ) | | | (1,860 | ) |
Charged directly to equity | | | – | | | | (98 | ) | | | – | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | | | 16 | |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | | $ | 8,926 | | | | (5,541 | ) | | | (1,844 | ) |
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the components of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | |
Inventory | | $ | 1,497 | | | | 5,430 | |
Capitalized expense for tax purpose | | | 85 | | | | 204 | |
Accrued compensated absences | | | 88 | | | | 121 | |
Allowance for sales return, discounts and warranty | | | 328 | | | | 207 | |
Unused investment tax credits | | | 19,420 | | | | 32,689 | |
Unused loss carry-forward | | | 3,094 | | | | 6,970 | |
Accrued pension cost | | | 98 | | | | 100 | |
Other | | | 13 | | | | 203 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total gross deferred tax assets | | | 24,623 | | | | 45,924 | |
Less: valuation allowance | | | (6,278 | ) | | | (12,300 | ) |
Net deferred tax assets | | | 18,345 | | �� | | 33,624 | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized foreign exchange gain | | | 125 | | | | 41 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | 6 | | | | – | |
Prepaid pension cost | | | 65 | | | | 169 | |
Acquired intangible assets | | | – | | | | 4,547 | |
Deferred revenue | | | – | | | | 16 | |
Total gross deferred tax liabilities | | | 196 | | | | 4,773 | |
Net deferred tax assets | | $ | 18,149 | | | | 28,851 | |
The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of January 1, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was $893 thousand, $3,314 thousand and $6,278 thousand, respectively. The net change in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, was an increase of $2,421 thousand, $2,964 thousand and $6,022 thousand, respectively. The change in 2006 and 2007 includes an increase of valuation allowance of $166 thousand and $656 thousand, respectively, which was provided for the deferred tax assets attributable to the acquisition of Integrated Microdisplays Limited in October 2006 and Wisepal in February 2007.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible and tax loss
carryforwards utilizable. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. In order to fully realize the deferred tax assets, the Company will need to generate future taxable income of approximately $110,534 thousand prior to the expiration of the net operating loss carryforwards and investment tax credit carryforwards in 2011. Taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 was $10,199 thousand and $25,043 thousand, respectively. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of the remaining deferred tax assets at December 31, 2007. The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, subsequent recognized tax benefits relating to the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets will be allocated as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Income tax benefit that would be reported | | | | | | |
in the consolidated statement of income | | $ | 6,112 | | | | 11,478 | |
Goodwill and other noncurrent intangible assets | | | 166 | | | | 822 | |
| | $ | 6,278 | | | | 12,300 | |
Except for Himax Taiwan and Himax Anyang (Korea), all other subsidiaries of the Company have generated tax losses since inception and are not included in the consolidated tax filing with Himax Taiwan, a valuation allowance of $6,278 thousand and $12,300 thousand as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively, was provided to reduce their deferred tax assets (consisting primarily of operating loss carryforwards and unused investment tax credits) to zero because management believes it is unlikely these tax benefits will be realized. The total tax loss carryforwards for these subsidiaries at December 31, 2007 was $27,555 thousand, which will expire if unused by 2012. The remaining investment tax credit for these subsidiaries at December 31, 2007 was $5,843 thousand, which will expire if unused by 2011.
According to the Statute for Upgrading Industries, the purchase of machinery for the automation of production, expenditure for research and development and training of professional personnel entitles the Company to tax credits. This credit may be applied over a period of five years. The amount of the credit that may be applied in any year except the final year is limited to 50% of the income tax payable for that year. There is no limitation on the amount of investment tax credit that may be applied up to the amount of the tax actually payable in the final year.
As of December 31, 2007, all of the Company’s remaining investment tax credits of NT$1,060,100 thousand (US$32,689 thousand), which will expire if unused by 2011.
Himax Taiwan's income tax returns have been examined and assessed by the ROC tax authorities through 2005.
The Company had accrued tax liabilities or reduced deferred tax asset to address potential exposures involving positions that could be challenged by taxing authorities. As of January 1, 2007, the amount of uncertain tax positions was $1,276 thousand. As of December 31, 2007, the amount of uncertain tax positions $3,968 thousand.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax positions is as follows (in thousands):
Balance at January 1, 2007 | | $ | 1,276 | |
Increase related to prior year tax positions | | | 503 | |
Increase related to current year tax positions | | | 2,189 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 3,968 | |
Included in the balance of total unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2007, are potential benefits of $3,968 thousand that if recognized, would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company’s major taxing jurisdiction is Taiwan. The tax years 2006 and 2007 remain open to examination by Taiwan tax jurisdictions. It is possible that the examination will result in a positive or negative adjustment to the Company’s unrecognized tax positions within the next 12 months. The Company is unable to estimate the range of the benefit or detriment as of December 31, 2007.
As part of the analysis completed, management determined that there were various FIN No. 48 implications to the compensation expenses for RSU and investment tax credits that resulted in the establishment of an accrued liability pursuant to FIN No. 48 of $885 thousand on compensation expenses and a reduction of deferred tax assets of $3,083 thousand on certain investment tax credit carryforwards.
Note 18. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company operates in Taiwan and internationally, giving rise to exposure to changes in foreign currency exchanges rates. The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce such exposure. None of the Company’s derivatives qualify for hedge accounting pursuant to SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Accordingly, the derivative instruments are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets with the change in fair value being reflected immediately in earnings in the consolidated statements of income.
The Company did not hold any derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The realized gains (losses) resulting from foreign currency forward contracts were $108 thousand and ($611) thousand in 2005 and 2006, respectively.
Note 19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair values of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values due to their relatively short maturities. Marketable securities consisting of open-ended bond funds are reported at fair value based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. Marketable securities consisting of time deposits with original maturities more than three months is determined using the discounted present value of expected cash flows. The fair value of investments in non-marketable securities has not been estimated as there are no identified events or changes in circumstances that may have significant adverse effects on the carrying value of these investments, and it is not practicable to estimate their fair values.
Note 20. Significant Concentrations
Financial instruments that currently subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash primarily in checking and saving accounts with reputable financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any material losses on deposits of the Company's cash and cash equivalents. Marketable securities consist of time deposits with original maturities of greater than
three months and investments in an open-ended bond fund identified to fund current operations. All marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale.
The Company derived substantially all of its revenues from sales of display drivers that are incorporated into TFT-LCD panels. The TFT-LCD panel industry is intensely competitive and is vulnerable to cyclical market conditions and subject to price fluctuations. The Company expects to be substantially dependent on sales to the TFT-LCD panel industry for the foreseeable future.
The Company depends on two customers for a substantial majority of its revenues and the loss of, or a significant reduction in orders from, either of them would significantly reduce the Company’s revenues and adversely impact the Company’s operating results. The largest customer (CMO and its affiliates), a related party, accounted for approximately 58.9%, 55.0% and 58.8%, respectively, of the Company's revenues in 2005, 2006 and 2007. The other (Chunghwa Picture Tubes and its affiliates) accounted for 16.2%, 12.4% and 7.3%, respectively in 2005, 2006 and 2007. The largest customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2006 and 2007. CMO and its affiliates accounted for approximately 50.3% and 68.4% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Moreover, the Company has at times agreed to extend the payment terms for certain of its customers. Other customers have also requested extension of payment terms, and the Company may grant such requests for extension in the future. As a result, a default by any such customer, a prolonged delay in the payment of accounts receivable, or the extension of payment terms for the Company’s customers would adversely affect the Company’s cash flow, liquidity and operating results. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of each customer and adjusts credit policy based upon payment history and the customer’s credit worthiness, as determined by the review of their current credit information. See Notes 21 and 23 for additional information.
The Company focuses on design, development and marketing of its products and outsources all its semiconductor fabrication, assembly and test. The Company primarily depends on eight foundries to manufacture its wafer, and any failure to obtain sufficient foundry capacity or loss of any of the foundries it uses could significantly delay the Company's ability to ship its products, cause the Company to lose revenues and damage the Company's customer relationships.
There are a limited number of companies which supply processed tape used to manufacture the Company’s semiconductor products and therefore, from time to time, shortage of such processed tape may occur. If any of the Company’s suppliers experience difficulties in delivering processed tape used in its products, the Company may not be able to locate alternative sources in a timely manner. Moreover, if shortages of processed tape were to occur, the Company may incur additional costs or be unable to ship its products to customers in a timely manner, which could harm the Company’s business customer relationships and negatively impact its earnings.
A limited number of third-party assembly and testing houses assemble and test substantially all of the Company’s current products. As a result, the Company does not directly control its product delivery schedule, assembly and testing costs and quality assurance and control. If any of these assembly and testing houses experiences capacity constraints or financial difficulties, or suffers any damage to its facilities, or if there is any other disruption of its assembly and testing capacity, the Company may not be able to obtain alternative assembly and testing services in a timely manner. Because the amount of time the Company usually takes to qualify assembly and testing houses, the Company could experience significant delays in product shipments if it is required to find alternative sources. Any problems that the Company may encounter with the delivery, quality or cost of its products could damage the Company's reputation and result in a loss of customers and orders.
Note 21. Related-party Transactions | | |
| | |
(a) | Name and relationship | | |
| | | |
| | Name of related parties | | Relationship |
| | Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corp. (CMO) | | Shareholder represented on the Company’s Board of Directors; |
| | | | the Company’s Chairman represented on CMO’s Board of Directors |
| | Chi Mei Optoelectronics Japan, Co., Ltd . | | Wholly owned subsidiary of CMO |
| | (CMO-Japan, formerly named International Display | | |
| | Technology Ltd. or ID Tech) | | |
| | Jemitek Electronic Corp. (JEC) | | The Company’s CEO represented on JEC’s Board of Directors until |
| | | | November 2007. JEC was acquired by Innolux Display Incorporation |
| | | | on March 1, 2007. |
| | Chi Mei Corporation (CMC) | | Major shareholder of CMO |
| | NEXGEN Mediatech Inc. (NEXGEN) | | CMC nominated more than half of the seats on NEXGEN’s Board |
| | | | of Directors |
| | Chi Mei Communication System, Inc. (CMCS) | | CMC nominated more than half of the seats on CMCS’s |
| | | | Board of Directors |
| | Chi Lin Technology Co., Ltd.(Chi Lin Tech) | | CMC nominated more than half of the seats on |
| | | | Chi Lin Tech’s Board of Directors |
| | NingBo Chi Mei Optoelectronics Ltd. (CMO-NingBo) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | Chi Mei EL Corporation (CMEL) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | TopSun Optronics, Inc. (TopSun) | | Chi Lin Tech nominated more than half of the seats on TopSun’s Board |
| | | | of Directors since September 2006. On January 1, 2007, |
| | | | TopSun merged with Chi Lin Tech, Chi Lin Tech was the |
| | | | surviving company |
| | NanHai Chi Mei Optoelectronics Ltd. (CMO- NanHai) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | ChiHsin Electronics Corp. (ChiHsin) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | Chi Mei Logistics Corp. (CMLC) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | NingBo Chi Mei Logistics Corp. (CMLC-NingBo) | | The subsidiary of CMO |
| | | | |
(b) Significant transactions with related parties | | |
| (i) Revenues and accounts receivable | | |
| | Revenues from related parties are summarized as follows: |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
CMO | | $ | 317,012 | | | | 335,797 | | | | 281,766 | |
CMO- NingBo | | | 721 | | | | 73,898 | | | | 249,117 | |
Chi Lin Tech | | | 2,841 | | | | 2,985 | | | | 7,162 | |
CMO- NanHai | | | – | | | | – | | | | 7,141 | |
ChiHsin | | | – | | | | – | | | | 1,499 | |
CMEL | | | – | | | | 2 | | | | 214 | |
NEXGEN | | | 370 | | | | 805 | | | | 45 | |
TopSun | | | – | | | | 1,136 | | | | – | |
JEC | | | 1,565 | | | | 9 | | | | – | |
CMO- Japan | | | 275 | | | | – | | | | – | |
| | $ | 322,784 | | | | 414,632 | | | | 546,944 | |
A breakdown by product type for sales to CMO and its affiliates is summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Display driver for large-size applications | | $ | 316,837 | | | | 408,075 | | | | 536,610 | |
Display driver for consumer electronics applications | | | 6 | | | | 484 | | | | 1,434 | |
Display driver for mobile handsets | | | – | | | | 8 | | | | 771 | |
Others | | | 1,165 | | | | 1,130 | | | | 922 | |
| | $ | 318,008 | | | | 409,697 | | | | 539,737 | |
The sales prices CMO receives are comparable to those offered to unrelated third parties.
The related accounts receivable resulting from the above sales as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, were as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
CMO | | $ | 81,610 | | | | 94,069 | |
CMO- NingBo | | | 33,923 | | | | 92,779 | |
CMO- NanHai | | | – | | | | 5,732 | |
ChiHsin | | | – | | | | 1,574 | |
Chi Lin Tech | | | 444 | | | | 1,049 | |
NEXGEN | | | 117 | | | | 2 | |
TopSun | | | 1,158 | | | | – | |
CMEL | | | 2 | | | | – | |
| | | 117,254 | | | | 195,205 | |
Allowance for sales returns and discounts | | | (404 | ) | | | (303 | ) |
| | $ | 116,850 | | | | 194,902 | |
The credit terms granted to CMO and its subsidiaries ranged form 60 days to 90 days, and the credit terms granted to other related parties ranged from 30 days to 45 days. The credit terms offered to unrelated third parties ranged from 30 days to 120 days.
(ii) | Purchases and accounts payable |
Purchases from related parties are summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
CMO | | $ | 703 | | | | 82 | | | | 12 | |
CMC | | | 9 | | | | – | | | | 12 | |
Chi Lin Tech | | | 31 | | | | 7 | | | | – | |
| | $ | 743 | | | | 89 | | | | 24 | |
The purchases had been full paid as of December 31, 2006 and 2007.
The terms of payment to related parties were approximately 30~60 days after receiving, comparable to that from third parties.
(iii) | Property transactions |
In 2005, the Company purchased equipment amounting to $2 thousand from Chi Lin Tech. The purchase had been full paid as of December 31, 2005.
The Company entered into a lease contract with CMO, CMLC and CMLC-NingBo for leasing office space and equipment. For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the related rent and utility expenses resulting from the aforementioned transactions amounted to $619 thousand, $759 thousand and $465 thousand, respectively, and were recorded as cost of revenue and operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the related payables resulting from the aforementioned transactions amounted to $155 thousand and $111 thousand, respectively, and were recorded as other accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Company entered into sales agent contracts with CMO and CMCS. For the years ended December 31, 2005, the sales commission resulting from such contracts amounted to $49 thousand. The sales commission expenses were recorded as a deduction from revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. No commission expense occurred under such contracts in 2006 and 2007.
In 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company purchased consumable and miscellaneous items amounting to $78 thousand, $159 thousand and $63 thousand, respectively, from CMO, CMC, Chi Lin Tech and NEXGEN, which were charged to operating expense. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the related payables resulting from the aforementioned transactions were $4 thousand and $1 thousand, respectively.
In 2005, 2006 and 2007, Chi Lin Tech provided IC bonding service on prototype panels for the Company’s research activities for a fee of $43 thousand, $128 thousand and $113 thousand, respectively, which was charged to research and development expense. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the related process fee payable resulting from the aforementioned transactions was $38 thousand and $11 thousand, respectively.
Note 22. Commitments and Contingencies
| |
(a) | As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, amounts of outstanding letters of credit for the purchase machinery and equipment and license agreement were $146 thousand and $150 thousand, respectively. |
(b) | As of December 31, 2006, and 2007 the Company had entered into several contracts for the acquisition of equipment and computer software and the construction of its new headquarters. Total contract prices amounted to $7,806 thousand and $877 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, the remaining commitments were $2,816 thousand and $100 thousand, respectively. |
(c) | The Company leases its office and buildings pursuant to operating lease arrangements with unrelated third parties. The lease arrangement will expire gradually from 2008 to 2010. As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, deposits paid amounted to $477 thousand and $371 thousand, respectively, and were recorded as refundable deposit in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. |
As of December 31, 2007, future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases are as follows:
Duration | | Amount | |
| | (in thousands) | |
January 1, 2008~December 31, 2008 | | $ | 827 | |
January 1, 2009~December 31, 2009 | | | 226 | |
January 1, 2010~December 31, 2010 | | | 16 | |
| | $ | 1,069 | |
Rental expense for operating leases amounted to $1,305 thousand, $1,763 thousand and $1,852 thousand in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
(d) | The Company entered into several sales agent agreements commencing from 2003. Based on these agreements, the Company shall pay commissions at the rates ranging from 0.6% to 5% of the sales to customers in the specific territory or referred by agents as stipulated in these agreements. Total commissions incurred amounting to $4,478 thousand, $3,788 thousand and $535 thousand, respectively, in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The sales commission expenses were recorded as a deduction from revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. |
(e) | In August of 2004, the Company entered into a license agreement for the use of certain central processing unit cores for product development. In accordance with the agreement, the Company is required to pay an initial license fee based on the three progresses of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. The license fee paid and charged to research and development expense in 2006 was $200 thousand. No license fee occurred in 2005 and 2007. As of December 31, 2007, no royalty occurred. |
In March 2005, the Company entered into a license agreement for the use of USB 2.0 relevant technology for product development. In accordance with the agreement, the Company is required to pay an initial license fee based on the progress of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. No license fee occurred in 2005. The license fee charged to research and development expense in 2006 and 2007 was $10 thousand and $250 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, no royalty occurred.
In June 2007, the Company entered into a license agreement for the use of Analogix HDMI 1.3 receiver core relevant technology for product development. In accordance with the agreement, the Company is required to pay an initial license fee based on the progress of the project development and a royalty based on shipments. The license fee paid and charged to research and development expense in 2007 was $500 thousand. As of December 31, 2007, no royalty occurred.
(f) | The company has entered into two agreements to provide donations for laboratories with two top local universities in Taiwan. Total contributions amounted to NT$50.4 million ($1.6 million). As of December 31, 2007, the remaining commitments were NT$38.6 million ($1.2 million). |
(g) | The Company from time to time is subject to claims regarding the proprietary use of certain technologies. Currently, the Company is not aware of any such claims that it believes could have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. |
(h) | Since Himax Taiwan is not a listed company, it will depend on Himax Technologies, Inc. to meet its equity financing requirements in the future. Any capital contribution by Himax Technologies, Inc. to Himax Taiwan may require the approval of the relevant ROC authorities. The Company may not be able to obtain any such approval in the future in a timely manner, |
or at all. If Himax Taiwan is unable to receive the equity financing it requires, its ability to grow and fund its operations may be materially and adversely affected.
(i) | The Company has entered into several wafer fabrication or assembly and testing service arrangements with service providers. The Company may be obligated to make payments for purchase orders entered into pursuant to these arrangements. |
(j) | The current corporate structure of the Company was established through a share exchange, which became effective on October 14, 2005, between the Company and the former shareholders of Himax Taiwan. The ROC Investment Commission (an agency under the administration of the ROC Ministry of Economic Affairs) approved the share exchange on September 7, 2005. In connection with the application seeking approval of the share exchange, the Company made the following undertakings to expand its investment in the ROC, the approval of which was conditional upon the satisfaction of such undertakings: (1) Himax Taiwan must purchase three hectares of land in connection with the construction of its new headquarters in Tainan, Taiwan, (2) Himax Taiwan must increase the number of employees in the ROC to 430 employees, 475 employees and 520 employees by the end of 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, (3) Himax Taiwan must invest no less than NT$800.0 million ($24.4 million), NT$900.0 million ($27.6 million) and NT$1.0 billion ($30.7 million) for research and development in Taiwan in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, which may be satisfied through cash-based compensation paid to research and development personnel but not through non-cash share-based compensation and (4) Himax Taiwan must submit to the ROC Investment Commission its annual financial statements audited by a certified public accountant and other relevant supporting documents in connection with the implementation of the above-mentioned conditions within four months after the end of each of 2005, 2006 and 2007. |
If the Company does not satisfy the undertakings set by the ROC Investment Commission in approving the share exchange, the ROC Investment Commission may revoke Himax Taiwan’s right to repatriate profits to the Company and/or its approval of the share exchange, the occurrence of either of which would materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations and decrease the value of the Company’s American depositary shares (ADSs). The material adverse consequences include: (1) difficulty in obtaining approval for additional investments in Himax Taiwan, (2) restrictions on transfer of net proceeds of overseas offerings, (3) limitation on ability to raise capital through the Company and (4) the loss of certain protections under the status as a foreign-invested company under the ROC Statute for Investment by Foreign Nationals, including the protection from expropriation of Himax Taiwan’s assets.
Before distributing a dividend to the Company, Himax Taiwan must recover any accumulated losses in prior years, pay all outstanding taxes and set aside 10% of its annual net income as a legal reserve until the accumulated legal reserve equals Himax Taiwan’s paid-in capital. Refer to Note 16 (b) of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for further details. However, if the Company does not satisfy the undertakings with the ROC Investment Commission, the ROC Investment Commission may deny Himax Taiwan’s right to repatriate dividends to the Company. Himax Taiwan’s ability to make advances or repay intercompany loans with terms of less than one year to the Company will not be restricted as such activities are not subject to the ROC Investment Commission’s approval.
The ROC Investment Commission has the right (at its discretion) to revoke its approval of the share exchange based on the undertakings described above. Prior to the ROC Investment Commission exercising its discretionary right to revoke its approval of the share exchange or Himax Taiwan’s right to repatriate profits to the Company, in practice the Company and Himax Taiwan would be notified and given an opportunity to be heard. There are no promulgated rules or regulations setting forth the factors that the ROC Investment Commission would consider in exercising its discretion. Each case is determined individually. Should the approval be revoked, the Company and Himax Taiwan would be entitled to appeal such decision
to the Committee of Appeal of the ROC Ministry of Economic Affairs and/or initiate court proceedings to reverse such decision. A revocation by the ROC Investment Commission would not (1) invalidate the effectiveness of the share exchange pursuant to which the Company’s ownership structure was established, (2) limit Himax Taiwan’s ability to issue equity or debt securities or incur debt or (3) otherwise restrict Himax Taiwan’s operations (other than as set out in the undertakings).
In August 2005, the Company purchased 3.18 hectares of land for an aggregate purchase price of approximately NT$325.8 million ($10.2 million) which satisfied the first condition. Himax Taiwan had 549 employees, 664 employees and 569 employees as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, and had spent NT$1,012 million ($30.9 million), NT$1,394 million ($42.8 million) and NT$1,859 million ($56.5 million) in research and development expenditures in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Therefore, as of December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company had satisfied the 2005, 2006 and 2007 undertakings the Company made with the ROC Investment Commission.
(k) | On July 30, 2007, a purported class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California against the Company’s Chief Financial Officer alleging breach of fiduciary duty and violations of Sections 11, 12 (a) (2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933. On August 30, 2007, a similar class action lawsuit was filed in the same court against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, alleging violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933. On February 5, 2008, the court consolidated the two actions. The consolidated complaint added as defendants certain of the Company’s directors, as well as Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corporation (“CMO”), seeking unspecified damages on behalf of purchasers of the Company's stock pursuant and/or traceable to the Company’s initial public offering in March 2006. The Plaintiffs claim that defendants violated U.S. securities laws because the registration statement associated with the IPO contained material misrepresentations and/or omissions related to CMO’s inventory level prior to the IPO. The Company filed a Motion to dismiss the lawsuit on March 20, 2008, which is still pending. |
Subject to certain limitations, and pursuant to its Articles of Association, the Company is indemnifying its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in connection with this lawsuit. The Company and the individual defendants believe that the claims are not meritorious and intend to defend against this lawsuit vigorously. Nevertheless, the litigation is in its preliminary stages and the Company cannot predict its outcome. An adverse outcome in the litigation, if it occurred, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations. As of December 31, 2007, no provision for loss has been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements because at this stage the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is not considered probable and the amount of loss, if any, is not estimable.
Note 23. Segment Information
The Company is engaged in the design, development and marketing of semiconductors for flat panel displays. Based on the Company’s internal organization structure and its internal reporting, management has determined that the Company does not have any operating segments as that term is defined in SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.
Revenues from the Company's major product lines are summarized as follow:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Display drivers for large-size applications | | $ | 470,631 | | | | 645,513 | | | | 752,196 | |
Display drivers for mobile handset applications | | | 31,123 | | | | 52,160 | | | | 75,704 | |
Display drivers for consumer electronics applications | | | 18,571 | | | | 28,616 | | | | 66,634 | |
Others | | | 19,879 | | | | 18,229 | | | | 23,677 | |
| | $ | 540,204 | | | | 744,518 | | | | 918,211 | |
The following tables summarize information pertaining to the Company’s revenues from customers in different geographic region (based on customer’s headquarter location):
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | (in thousands) | | | |
Taiwan | | $ | 482,991 | | | | 605,924 | | | | 785,334 | |
Other Asia Pacific (China, Korea and Japan) | | | 57,213 | | | | 138,287 | | | | 132,687 | |
Europe (Netherlands and France) | | | – | | | | 307 | | | | 190 | |
| | $ | 540,204 | | | | 744,518 | | | | 918,211 | |
The carrying value of the company's tangible long-lived assets are located in the following countries:
| | | December 31, |
| | | 2006 | | 2007 |
| | | (in thousands) |
Taiwan | | $ | 38,681 | | 45,379 |
China | | | 208 | | 574 |
U.S. | | | – | | 219 |
Korea | | | 6 | | 8 |
| | $ | 38,895 | | 46,180 |
Revenues from significant customers, those representing 10% or more of total revenue for the respective periods, are summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | |
CMO and its affiliates, a related party | | $ | 318,008 | | | | 409,697 | | | | 539,737 | |
Chunghwa Picture Tubes and its affiliates | | | 87,534 | | | | 92,561 | | | | 66,694 | |
| | $ | 405,542 | | | | 502,258 | | | | 606,431 | |
Accounts receivable from significant customers, those representing 10% or more of total accounts receivable for the respective periods, is summarized as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
CMO and its affiliates, a related party | | $ | 115,535 | | | | 194,154 | |
Chunghwa Picture Tubes and its affiliates | | | 33,846 | | | | 24,138 | |
| | $ | 149,381 | | | | 218,292 | |
Note 24. Subsequent Events
| |
(a) | Ordinary share buybacks |
In January and March 2008, the Company repurchased 1,074,042 ADSs from the open market for total cash consideration of $4,653 thousand. The Company has repurchased $33 million or 7,643,150 ADSs in the open market at an average price of US$4.32 per ADS as of May 30, 2008. The repurchased ADSs and their underling ordinary shares were then cancelled, thereby reducing approximately 7.6 million shares or 4% of the Company’s issued and outstanding ordinary shares in 2008.
(b) | Dilution of ownership stakes in Himax Media Solutions |
On January 3, 2008, the Company recognized a dilution gain of $2,045 thousand, resulting from the issuance of 18,096 thousands new shares of common stock (representing a 19.9% interest) by Himax Media Solutions to CMO, a related party, TPV Technology Limited (“TPV”) and other third parties for cash proceeds of $8,402 thousand. After the transaction, the Company still retains a controlling financial interest in Himax Media Solutions.
(c) | Declaration of cash dividend |
On May 27, 2008, the Company announced that the board of directors declared a cash dividend of US$0.35 per ordinary share of the Company. The dividend will be payable on June 27, 2008.
Note 25. Himax Technologies, Inc. (the Parent Company only)
As a holding company, dividends received from the Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, if any, will be subjected to withholding tax under ROC law as well as statutory and other legal restrictions. The current corporate structure of the Company was established as a result of a share exchange between the Company and the former shareholders of Himax Taiwan. The ROC Investment Commission has approved the share exchange, subject to the certain conditions as disclosed in the first paragraph of Note 22 (j). If the Company were unable to satisfy any of the conditions imposed by ROC Investment Commission, the ROC Investment Commission may revoke the Company's right to repatriation of profits to be distributed by Himax Taiwan or rescind its approval of the share exchange pursuant to which the Company's ownership structure was established.
As of December 31, 2007, the amount of restricted net assets of Himax Taiwan, which may not be transferred to the Company in the forms of cash dividends by Himax Taiwan if the Company were unable to satisfy any of the conditions imposed by ROC Investment Commission was $366,608 thousand.
The Company believes that the above-mentioned restrictions of the ROC Investment Commission represent a limitation on distribution of assets from its subsidiary to the Company, therefore, the condensed separate financial information of the Parent Company only, as if the Parent Company had been in existence for all periods, are presented as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 95,591 | | | | 18,588 | |
Other current assets | | | 31,013 | | | | 1,109 | |
Investment in non-marketable securities | | | – | | | | 1,600 | |
Investments in subsidiaries | | | 238,648 | | | | 430,700 | |
Total assets | | $ | 365,252 | | | | 451,997 | |
Liabilities | | $ | 1,325 | | | | 688 | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 363,927 | | | | 451,309 | |
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity | | $ | 365,252 | | | | 451,997 | |
The Parent Company had no long-term obligations or guarantees as of December 31, 2006 and 2007.
Condensed Statements of Income | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | – | | | | – | | | | – | |
Costs and expenses | | | (77 | ) | | | – | | | | (683 | ) |
Operating income (loss) | | | (77 | ) | | | – | | | | (683 | ) |
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries | | | 61,733 | | | | 69,435 | | | | 107,583 | |
Other non operating income (loss) | | | (98 | ) | | | 5,755 | | | | 5,696 | |
Earnings before income taxes | | | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Income tax | | | – | | | | – | | | | – | |
Net Income | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | (in thousands) | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 61,558 | | | | 75,190 | | | | 112,596 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash | | | | | | | | | | | | |
provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | – | |
Share-based compensation expense | | | – | | | | – | | | | 5 | |
Equity in earnings from subsidiaries | | | (61,733 | ) | | | (69,435 | ) | | | (107,583 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other current assets | | | – | | | | (5,789 | ) | | | 21,674 | |
Other accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 133 | | | | 1,192 | | | | (499 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | (42 | ) | | | 1,158 | | | | 26,193 | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | – | | | | (540 | ) | | | (24,141 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Distribution of special cash dividends | | | (13,558 | ) | | | – | | | | (39,710 | ) |
Proceeds from borrowings (repayments) of short-term debt | | | 13,600 | | | | (13,600 | ) | | | – | |
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of issuance costs | | | – | | | | 147,408 | | | | – | |
Acquisitions of ordinary shares for retirement | | | – | | | | (38,835 | ) | | | (39,345 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | | 42 | | | | 94,973 | | | | (79,055 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | – | | | | 95,591 | | | | (77,003 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | – | | | | – | | | | 95,591 | |
Cash and cash equivalent at end of year | | $ | – | | | | 95,591 | | | | 18,588 | |
Board of Directors Chairman Dr. Biing-Seng Wu Directors Jordan Wu Jung-Chun Lin Dr. Chun-Yen Chang Yuan-Chuan Horng Senior Management Jordan Wu Chief Executive Officer Max Chan Chief Financial Officer Chih-Chung Tsai Chief Technology Officer, Senior VP Baker Bai Incubator System Design Center, VP John Chou Quality & Reliability Assurance and Support Design Center, VP Norman Hong Sales and Marketing, VP Corporate Headquarters Himax Technologies, Inc. No.26, Zih Lian Road, Fonghua Village, Sinshih Township, Taiana County 74445, Taiwan Tel:+886-6-505-0880 Fax:+886-6-507-0000 | Investor Information Shareholder Services for American Depositary Shares (ADSs) Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas 60 Wall Street New York, NY 10005 Stock Listings The company’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol “HIMX” Independent Auditors KPMG Certified Public Accountants Investor Contacts Jessie Wang Investor Relations Himax Technologies, Inc. 10F, No1, XiangYang Road, Taipei 10046, Taiwan jessie_wang@himax.com.tw Joseph Villalta The Ruth Group 757 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 +1-646-536-7003 jvillalta@theruthgroup.com |