| Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies | Note 1: Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies Nature of operations Chaparral Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “we”, “our”, “us”, or the “Company”) are involved in the acquisition, exploration, development, production and operation of oil and natural gas properties. Our properties are located primarily in Oklahoma and our commodity products include crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids. Reorganization, fresh start accounting and comparability of financial statements to prior periods On May 9, 2016, the Company and ten of its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions seeking relief under Title 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) commencing cases for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. On March 10, 2017, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed our Reorganization Plan and on March 21, 2017 (the “Effective Date”), the Reorganization Plan became effective and we emerged from bankruptcy. Upon emergence, all existing equity was cancelled and we issued new common stock to the previous holders of our Senior Notes and certain general unsecured creditors whose claims were impaired as a result of our bankruptcy, as well as to certain other parties as set forth in the Reorganization Plan, including to parties participating in a rights offering. Additionally, upon emergence we qualified for and applied fresh start accounting to our financial statements in accordance with the provisions set forth in FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 852: Reorganizations, as (i) the holders of existing voting shares of the Company prior to its emergence received less than 50% of the voting shares of the Company outstanding following its emergence from bankruptcy and (ii) the reorganization value of our assets immediately prior to confirmation of the Reorganization Plan was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting, as well as the effects of the implementation of the Reorganization Plan, the Company’s consolidated financial statements after March 21, 2017, are not comparable with the consolidated financial statements prior to that date. To facilitate our financial statement presentations, we refer to the post-emergence reorganized company in these consolidated financial statements and footnotes as the “Successor” for periods subsequent to March 21, 2017, and to the pre-emergence company as “Predecessor” for periods prior to and including March 21, 2017. Interim financial statements The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and do not include all of the financial information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These financial statements and the notes thereto should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The financial information as of March 31, 2018 (Successor), and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (Successor), and the periods of March 22, 2017, through March 31, 2017 (Successor), and January 1, 2017, through March 21, 2017 (Predecessor), is unaudited. The financial information as of December 31, 2017, has been derived from the audited financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. In management’s opinion, such information contains all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (Successor) are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that will be realized for the year ended December 31, 2018. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period financial statements to conform to current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on our previously reported results of operations. Cash and cash equivalents We maintain cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts and money market funds which may not be federally insured. As of March 31, 2018, cash with a recorded balance totaling approximately $10,330 was held at JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and believe we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on such accounts. Accounts receivable We have receivables from joint interest owners and oil and natural gas purchasers which are generally uncollateralized. Accounts receivable consisted of the following:
March 31,
December 31,
2018
2017
Joint interests
$
37,339
$
29,032
Accrued commodity sales
30,761
26,516
Derivative settlements
10
157
Other
3,008
5,326
Allowance for doubtful accounts
(623
)
(668
)
$
70,495
$
60,363
Inventories Inventories consisted of the following:
March 31,
December 31,
2018
2017
Equipment inventory
$
6,440
$
4,163
Commodities
1,202
1,154
Inventory valuation allowance
(179
)
(179
)
$
7,463
$
5,138
Oil and natural gas properties Costs associated with unevaluated oil and natural gas properties are excluded from the amortizable base until a determination has been made as to the existence of proved reserves. Unevaluated leasehold costs are transferred to the amortization base with the costs of drilling the related well upon proving up reserves of a successful well or upon determination of a dry or uneconomic well under a process that is conducted each quarter. Furthermore, unevaluated oil and natural gas properties are reviewed for impairment if events and circumstances exist that indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. The impairment assessment is conducted at least once annually and whenever there are indicators that impairment has occurred. In assessing whether impairment has occurred, we consider factors such as intent to drill; remaining lease term; geological and geophysical evaluations; drilling results and activity; assignment of proved reserves; and economic viability of development if proved reserves are assigned. Upon determination of impairment, all or a portion of the associated leasehold costs are transferred to the full cost pool and become subject to amortization. The processes above are applied to unevaluated oil and natural gas properties on an individual basis or as a group if properties are individually insignificant. Our future depreciation, depletion and amortization rate would increase if costs are transferred to the amortization base without any associated reserves. In the past, the costs associated with unevaluated properties typically related to acquisition costs of unproved acreage. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting in the first quarter of 2017, a substantial portion of the carrying value of our unevaluated properties are the result of a fair value increase to reflect the value of our acreage in our STACK play. The costs of unevaluated oil and natural gas properties consisted of the following:
March 31,
December 31,
2018
2017
Leasehold acreage
$
527,450
$
466,711
Capitalized interest
3,655
2,134
Wells and facilities in progress of completion
18,977
13,394
Total unevaluated oil and natural gas properties excluded from amortization
$
550,082
$
482,239
Ceiling Test. In accordance with the full cost method of accounting, the net capitalized costs of oil and natural gas properties are not to exceed their related PV-10 value, net of tax considerations, plus the cost of unproved properties not being amortized. Our estimates of oil and natural gas reserves as of March 31, 2018, and the related PV-10 value, were prepared using an average price for oil and natural gas on the first day of each month for the prior twelve months as required by the SEC. Producer imbalances. We account for natural gas production imbalances using the sales method, whereby we recognize revenue on all natural gas sold to our customers regardless of our proportionate working interest in a well. Liabilities are recorded for imbalances greater than our proportionate share of remaining estimated natural gas reserves. Our aggregate imbalance positions at March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, were immaterial. Income taxes In December 2017, the President of the United States signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Act”), making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Changes include, but are not limited to, a federal corporate tax rate of 21%, additional limitations on executive compensation, and limitations on the deductibility of interest. The FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740): "Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118" to address the application of GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act. As of March 31, 2018, we had not completed our accounting with regard to Section 162(m) provisions under the Act, and anticipate completing our analysis prior to filing our 2017 tax return in the third quarter of 2018, which is within the one year measurement period required under SAB 118. As such, we have not made an adjustment to the provisional tax benefit recorded under SAB 118 at December 31, 2017. We have estimated our provision for income taxes in accordance with the Act and guidance available as of the date of this filing. Despite the Company’s net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 we did not record any net deferred tax benefit for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, as any deferred tax asset arising from the benefit is reduced by a valuation allowance as utilization of the loss carryforwards and realization of other deferred tax assets cannot be reasonably assured. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, including net operating losses, is recognized when it is more likely than not that some or all of the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized. To assess that likelihood, we use estimates and judgment regarding our future taxable income, as well as the jurisdiction in which such taxable income is generated, to determine whether a valuation allowance is required. Such evidence can include our current financial position, our results of operations, both actual and forecasted, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities, and tax planning strategies as well as the current and forecasted business economics of our industry. We will continue to evaluate whether the valuation allowance is needed in future reporting periods. The valuation allowance will remain until we can determine that the net deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized. Future events or new evidence which may lead us to conclude that it is more likely than not that our net deferred tax assets will be realized include, but are not limited to, cumulative historical pre-tax earnings, improvements in oil prices, and taxable events that could result from one or more transactions. The valuation allowance does not prevent future utilization of the tax attributes if we recognize taxable income. As long as we conclude that the valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets is necessary, we likely will not have any additional deferred income tax expense or benefit. The benefit of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return is recognized in the consolidated financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. Interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions would be recorded in interest expense and other expense, respectively. There were no uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2018, or December 31, 2017. Elements of the Reorganization Plan provided that our indebtedness related to Senior Notes and certain general unsecured claims were exchanged for Successor common stock in settlement of those claims. Absent an exception, a debtor recognizes cancellation of indebtedness income (“CODI”) upon discharge of its outstanding indebtedness for an amount of consideration that is less than its adjusted issue price. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“IRC”), provides that a debtor in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case may exclude CODI from taxable income but must reduce certain of its tax attributes by the amount of any CODI realized as a result of the consummation of a plan of reorganization. The amount of CODI realized by a taxpayer is determined based on the fair market value of the consideration received by the creditors in settlement of outstanding indebtedness. As a result of the market value of equity upon emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, the estimated amount of CODI is approximately $61,000, which will reduce the value of the Company’s net operating losses. The actual reduction in tax attributes does not occur until the first day of the Company’s tax year subsequent to the date of emergence, or January 1, 2018. The reduction of net operating losses is expected to be fully offset by a corresponding decrease in valuation allowance. The IRC provides an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its tax attributes, as well as certain built-in-losses, against future taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. Emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings resulted in a change in ownership for purposes of the IRC Section 382. We analyzed alternatives available within the IRC to taxpayers in Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings in order to minimize the impact of the ownership change and CODI on our tax attributes. Upon filing our 2017 U.S. Federal income tax return, we plan to elect an available alternative which would likely result in the Company experiencing a limitation that subjects existing tax attributes at emergence to an IRC Section 382 limitation that could result in some or all of the remaining net operating loss carryforwards expiring unused. However, we will continue to evaluate the remaining available alternatives which would not subject existing tax attributes to an IRC Section 382 limitation. Loss on asset sale. In November 2017, we closed on the sale of our EOR assets. In conjunction with this divestiture, we recorded a loss on sale of $25,163 during the fourth quarter of 2017, which was computed based on preliminary closing estimates. As a result of the final closing adjustments on the sale, we recorded an additional loss of $1,064 during the first quarter of 2018. Other Other includes certain expenses related to our restructuring and subleasing activities. Restructuring Subleases . Prior to the sale of our EOR assets in November 2017, we utilized CO 2 Joint Venture On September 25, 2017, we entered into a joint development agreement (“JDA”) with BCE Roadrunner LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bayou City Energy Management, LLC (“BCE”), pursuant to which BCE will fund Cost reduction initiatives Cost reduction initiatives include expenses related to our efforts to reduce our capital, operating and administrative costs in response to the depressed commodity pricing environment. The expense consists of costs for one-time severance and termination benefits in connection with our reductions in force and third party legal and professional services we have engaged to assist in our cost savings initiatives as follows:
Successor
Predecessor
Period from
Period from
March 22, 2017
January 1, 2017
through
through
March 31, 2017
March 21, 2017
One-time severance and termination benefits
$
1
$
608
Professional fees
5
21
Total cost reduction initiatives expense
$
6
$
629
Reorganization items Reorganization items reflect, where applicable, expenses, gains and losses incurred that are incremental and a direct result of the reorganization of the business. As a result of our emergence from bankruptcy, we have also recorded gains on the settlement of liabilities subject to compromise and gains from restating our balance sheet to fair values under fresh start accounting. “Professional fees” in the table below for periods subsequent to the Effective Date are comprised of legal fees for continuing work to resolve outstanding bankruptcy claims and fees to the U.S. Bankruptcy Trustee, which we will continue to incur until our bankruptcy case is closed. Reorganization items are as follows:
Successor
Predecessor
Period from
Period from
Three months
March 22, 2017
January 1, 2017
ended
through
through
March 31, 2018
March 31, 2017
March 21, 2017
Loss (gain) on the settlement of liabilities subject to compromise
$
48
$
—
$
(372,093
)
Fresh start accounting adjustments
—
—
(641,684
)
Professional fees
989
620
18,790
Rejection of employment contracts
—
—
4,573
Write off unamortized issuance costs on Prior Credit Facility
—
—
1,687
Total reorganization items
$
1,037
$
620
$
(988,727
) Recently adopted accounting pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that supersedes previous revenue recognition requirements and requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Please see “Note 5—Revenue recognition” for our disclosure regarding adoption of this update. In January 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that changes the definition of a business to assist entities with evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities constitutes a business. The guidance requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the set of transferred assets and activities is not a business. The guidance also requires a business to include at least one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs by more closely aligning it with how outputs are described under updated revenue recognition guidance. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2018, without a material impact to our financial statements. We expect that the new guidance, when applied to the facts and circumstances of a future transaction, may impact the likelihood whether a future transaction would be accounted for as a business combination. In January 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends existing requirements on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. The standard principally affects accounting for equity investments and financial liabilities where the fair value option has been elected. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods thereafter. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2018, with no material impact to our financial statements or results of operations. In August 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance which provides clarification on how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified on the statement of cash flows. This update provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies including bank-owned life insurance policies; distributions received from equity method investees; beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and is required to be adopted using a retrospective approach if practicable. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2018, without a material impact on our financial statements or results of operations. In November 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years and should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2018, with no material impact to our financial statements or results of operations. Recently issued accounting pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance significantly amending the current accounting for leases. Under the new provisions, all lessees will report a right-of-use asset and a liability for the obligation to make payments for all leases with the exception of those leases with a term of 12 months or less. Furthermore, all leases will fall into one of two categories: (i) a financing lease or (ii) an operating lease. Lessor accounting remains substantially unchanged with the exception that no leases entered into after the effective date will be classified as leveraged leases. For sale leaseback transactions, a sale will only be recognized if the criteria in the new revenue recognition standard are met. For public business entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods thereafter, and should be applied using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. Our current operating leases are predominantly comprised of a limited number of leases for CO 2 In June 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, however early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The updated guidance impacts our financial statements primarily due to its effect on our accounts receivables. Our history of accounts receivable credit losses almost entirely relates to receivables from joint interest owners in our operated oil and natural gas wells. Based on this history and on mitigating actions we are permitted to take to offset potential losses such as netting past due amounts against revenue and assuming title to the working interest, we do not expect this guidance to materially impact our financial statements or results of operations. |
