Innerworkings 10Q 2016 Q1 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

________________________________________



ý	Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016



¨	Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 000-52170

________________________________________

INNERWORKINGS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

________________________________________



Delaware		20-5997364
(State or Other Jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)		Identification No.)

600 West Chicago Avenue, Suite 850

Chicago, Illinois 60654

Phone: (312) 642-3700

(Address, Zip Code and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes: ý No: ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes: ý No: ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Check one:



Large accelerated filer: ¨	Accelerated filer: x
Non-accelerated filer: ¨ Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes: ¨ No: ý

As of May 6, 2016, the Registrant had 54,334,058 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding, which includes 1,011,679 shares of unvested restricted stock awards that have voting rights and are held by members of the Board of Directors and certain of the Company’s employees.

INNERWORKINGS, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS



		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) and Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	3

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2016 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2015	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	5

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	26

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28

Item 6.	Exhibits	29

SIGNATURES		30

EXHIBIT INDEX		31

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Revenue	$	271,073		$	242,095
Cost of goods sold	209,127			187,031
Gross profit	61,946			55,064
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	50,627			47,647
Depreciation and amortization	4,596			4,091
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	1,911			313
Restructuring and other charges	3,344			—
Income from operations	1,468			3,013
Other income (expense):
Interest income	14			21
Interest expense	(1,077		)	(1,145		)
Other, net	(161		)	84
Total other expense	(1,224		)	(1,040		)
Income before income taxes	244			1,973
Income tax expense	2,393			834
Net income (loss)	$	(2,149	)	$	1,139

Basic earnings (loss) per share	$	(0.04	)	$	0.02
Diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	(0.04	)	$	0.02

Comprehensive loss	$	(2,619	)	$	(5,303	)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

(In thousands)



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,929		$	30,755
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,759 and $1,231, respectively	200,629			188,819
Unbilled revenue	34,548			30,758
Inventories	34,715			33,327
Prepaid expenses	12,957			14,353
Other current assets	16,707			31,825
Total current assets	320,485			329,837
Property and equipment, net	33,208			32,681
Intangibles and other assets:
Goodwill	206,069			206,257
Intangible assets, net	36,577			37,715
Deferred income taxes	788			586
Other non-current assets	1,469			1,391
Total intangibles and other assets	244,903			245,949
Total assets	$	598,596		$	608,467
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	130,048		$	170,244
Current portion of contingent consideration	11,131			11,387
Due to seller	3,604			402
Accrued expenses	17,129			11,603
Other current liabilities	35,376			31,363
Total current liabilities	197,288			224,999
Revolving credit facility	118,615			99,258
Deferred income taxes	13,168			12,898
Contingent consideration, net of current portion	9,187			10,775
Other non-current liabilities	2,773			2,510
Total liabilities	341,031			350,440
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 11)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 200,000 and 200,000 shares authorized, 62,867 and 62,645 shares issued, 53,321 and 53,098 shares outstanding, respectively	6			6
Additional paid-in capital	215,723			213,566
Treasury stock at cost, 9,547 shares	(52,207		)	(52,207		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(14,463		)	(13,993		)
Retained earnings	108,506			110,655
Total stockholders' equity	257,565			258,027
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	598,596		$	608,467

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	(2,149	)	$	1,139
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,596			4,091
Stock-based compensation expense	1,241			2,061
Deferred income taxes	(68		)	(7		)
Bad debt provision	656			875
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	1,911			313
Other operating activities	52			52
Change in assets:
Accounts receivable and unbilled revenue	(16,256		)	(3,952		)
Inventories	(1,388		)	(6,489		)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	16,382			3,100
Change in liabilities:
Accounts payable	(40,196		)	(3,850		)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	10,653			(3,608		)
Net cash used in operating activities	(24,566		)	(6,275		)

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(3,987		)	(3,719		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,987		)	(3,719		)

Cash flows from financing activities
Net borrowings from revolving credit facility	19,358			5,580
Net short-term secured borrowings (repayments)	(1,803		)	89
Repurchases of common stock	—			(3,500		)
Payments of contingent consideration	(525		)	(438		)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	984			39
Other financing activities	382			(99		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	18,396			1,671

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	331			(849		)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(9,826		)	(9,172		)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	30,755			22,578
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	20,929		$	13,406

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation of Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) included herein have been prepared to conform to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying unaudited financial statements have been included, and all adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2016. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Description of the Business

InnerWorkings, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the "Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware on January 3, 2006. The Company is a leading global marketing execution firm for the world's most marketing intensive companies, including those in the Fortune 1000, across a wide range of industries. As a comprehensive outsourced enterprise solution, the Company leverages proprietary technology, an extensive supplier network and deep domain expertise to streamline the creation, production, and distribution of marketing and promotional materials, signage and displays, retail experiences, events and promotions, and packaging across every major market worldwide. The items the Company sources are generally procured through the marketing supply chain, and are referred to collectively as marketing materials. The Company’s technology and database of information is designed to capitalize on excess manufacturing capacity and other inefficiencies in the traditional marketing and print supply chain to obtain favorable pricing and to deliver high-quality products and services.

The Company is organized and managed as two business segments, North America and International, and is viewed as two operating segments by the chief operating decision maker for purposes of resource allocation and assessing performance. See Note 14 for further information about the Company’s reportable segments.

Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to product returns, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventories and inventory valuation, valuation and impairments of goodwill and long-lived assets, income taxes, contingencies, stock-based compensation and litigation. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that its management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities when those values are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results can differ from those estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company determines the functional currency for its parent company and each of its subsidiaries by reviewing the currencies in which their respective operating activities occur. Assets and liabilities of these operations are translated into U.S. currency at the rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average monthly rates of exchange. The resulting translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses arising from activities in other than the applicable functional currency are calculated using average exchange rates for the applicable period and reported in net income as a non-operating item in each period. Non-monetary balance sheet items denominated in a currency other than the applicable functional currency are translated using the historical rate.

Revenue Recognition

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

The Company recognizes revenue upon meeting all of the following revenue recognition criteria, which are typically met upon shipment or delivery of its products to customers: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists through customer contracts and orders, (ii) the customer takes title and assumes the risks and rewards of ownership, (iii) the sales price charged is fixed or determinable as evidenced by customer contracts and orders, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. Unbilled revenue relates to shipments that have been made to customers for which the related account receivable has not yet been billed.

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605-45, Revenue Recognition – Principal Agent Considerations, the Company generally reports revenue on a gross basis because the Company is the primary obligor in its arrangements to procure marketing materials and other products for its customers. Under these arrangements, the Company is responsible for the fulfillment, including the acceptability, of the marketing materials and other products. In addition, the Company (i) determines which suppliers are included in its network, (ii) has discretion to select from among the suppliers within its network, (iii) is obligated to pay its suppliers regardless of whether it is paid by its customers, and (iv) has reasonable latitude to establish exchange price. In some transactions, the Company also has general inventory risk and is involved in the determination of the nature or characteristics of the marketing materials and products. When the Company is not the primary obligor, revenues are reported net.

The Company recognizes revenue for creative and other services provided to its customers which may be delivered in conjunction with the procurement of marketing materials at the time when delivery and customer acceptance occur and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. The Company recognizes revenue for creative and other services provided on a stand-alone basis upon completion of the service. Service revenue has not been material to the Company’s overall revenue to date.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards to employees and directors in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. Compensation expense is measured by determining the fair value of each award using the Black-Scholes option valuation model for stock options or the closing share price for restricted shares. The fair value is then recognized over the requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting period, on a straight-line basis for the entire award.

Stock-based compensation cost recognized during the period is based on the portion of the share-based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation cost recognized has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

The Company recorded $1.2 million and $2.1 million in stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the first quarter of 2015, $0.4 million of stock-based compensation expense was recognized related to the modification of a former executive’s award agreements in connection with his transition agreement.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share - Based Payment Accounting, ("ASU 2016-09") which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. This guidance can be applied either prospectively, retrospectively or using a modified retrospective transition method. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), ("ASU 2016-08") and in April 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing ("ASU 2016-10"), both of which provide supplemental adoption guidance and clarification to ASC 2014-09. ASU 2016-08 and ASU 2016-10 must be adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2014-09. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting these standards on its consolidated financial statements.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), ("ASU 2016-02") which increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for most leases in the balance sheet as well as other qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The update is to be applied using a modified retrospective method and is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (Topic 740), (“ASU 2015-17”) which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes. ASU 2015-17 provides presentation requirements to classify deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent in the Balance Sheet. The standard will be effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. The ASU may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company adopted the standard as of December 31, 2015 and applied the changes prospectively. The adoption resulted in $1.9 million of net current deferred tax assets reclassified to non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2015. Adoption had no impact on the Company's results of operations.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which amends the existing accounting standards for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is based on principles that govern the recognition of revenue at an amount an entity expects to be entitled when products are transferred to customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date (“ASU 2015-14”) which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for all entities by one year. Public business entities, certain not-for-profit entities, and certain employee benefit plans should apply the guidance in ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting these standards on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (“ASU 2015-11”). ASU 2015-11 applies to inventory that is measured using first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost. Under the updated guidance, an entity should measure inventory that is within scope at the lower of cost and net realizable value, which is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory that is measured using last-in, last-out (LIFO). The standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and should be applied prospectively with early adoption permitted at the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2015-11 on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide disclosures in certain circumstances. The standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not expect ASU 2014-15 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

2. Contingent Consideration

In connection with certain of the Company’s acquisitions, contingent consideration is payable in cash or common stock upon the achievement of certain performance measures over future periods. The Company recorded the acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration liability as additional purchase price. As discussed in Note 10, the process for determining the fair value of the contingent consideration liability consists of reviewing financial forecasts and assessing the likelihood of reaching the required performance measures based on factors specific to each acquisition as well as the Company’s historical experience with similar arrangements. Subsequent to the acquisition date, the Company estimates the fair value of the contingent

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

consideration liability each reporting period, and any adjustments made to the fair value are recorded in the Company’s results of operations. If an acquisition reaches the required performance measures within the reporting period, the fair value of the contingent consideration liability is increased to 100%, the maximum potential payment, and reclassified to Due to Seller.

The Company has recorded $20.3 million in contingent consideration at March 31, 2016 related to these arrangements. Any adjustments made to the fair value of the contingent consideration liability subsequent to the acquisition date will be recorded in the Company’s results of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded expense of $1.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016, the potential maximum contingent payments, excluding the amounts recorded in Due to seller which are currently payable, would be due as follows if all performance measures are achieved (in thousands):



	Maximum Potential Payment		Fair Value of Liability
2016	$	12,733	$	9,112
2017	69,269		11,206
	$	82,002	$	20,318

If the performance measures required by the purchase agreements are not achieved, the Company may pay less than the maximum amounts presented in the table above, depending on the terms of the agreement. While the maximum potential payments shown in the table are $82.0 million, the Company estimates that the fair value of the payments that will be made is $20.3 million.

3. Goodwill

The following is a summary of the goodwill balance for each operating segment as of March 31, 2016 (in thousands):



	North America		International			Total
Net goodwill as of December 31, 2015	$	170,735	$	35,522		$	206,257
Foreign exchange impact	42		(230		)	(188		)
Net goodwill as of March 31, 2016	$	170,777	$	35,292		$	206,069

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist. Absent any interim indicators of impairment, the Company tests for goodwill impairment as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter of each year.

The fair value estimates used in the goodwill impairment analysis require significant judgment. The Company's fair value estimates for purposes of performing the analysis are considered Level 3 fair value measurements. The fair value estimates were based on assumptions that management believes to be reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain, including estimates of future revenues and operating margins and assumptions about the overall economic climate and the competitive environment for the business.

The Company reviews for potential impairment indicators each reporting period and does not believe that goodwill is impaired as of March 31, 2016.

4. Other Intangible Assets

The following is a summary of the Company’s other intangible assets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			Weighted Average Life
Customer lists	$	74,114		$	73,759		13.6
Noncompete agreements	981			988			4.0
Trade names	3,208			3,228			12.6
Patents	57			57			9.0
	78,360			78,032
Less accumulated amortization	(41,783		)	(40,317		)
Intangible assets, net	$	36,577		$	37,715

In accordance with ASC 350, the Company amortizes its intangible assets with finite lives over their respective estimated useful lives and reviews for impairment whenever impairment indicators exist. Impairment indicators could include significant under-performance relative to the historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of use of assets, significant negative industry or economic trends or significant changes in the Company’s market capitalization relative to net book value. Any changes in key assumptions used by the Company, including those set forth above, could result in an impairment charge and such a charge could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations. The Company’s intangible assets consist of customer lists, noncompete agreements, trade names and patents. The Company’s customer lists, which have an estimated weighted-average useful life of approximately fourteen years, are being amortized using the economic life method. The Company’s noncompete agreements, trade names and patents are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated weighted-average useful lives of approximately four years, thirteen years and nine years, respectively.

Amortization expense related to these intangible assets was $1.4 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):



Remainder of 2016	$	4,119
2017	5,157
2018	4,644
2019	4,353
2020	4,292
Thereafter	14,012
	$	36,577

5. Restructuring Activities and Other Charges

2016: On December 14, 2015, the Company approved a global realignment plan that is expected to allow the Company to more efficiently meet client needs across its international platform. Through improved integration of global resources, the plan will create back office and other efficiencies and allow for the elimination of approximately 100 positions. In connection with these actions, the Company expects to incur total pre-tax cash restructuring charges of $4.5 million to $6.0 million, the majority of which will be recognized during 2016. These cash charges will include approximately $3.5 million to $4.9 million for employee severance and related benefits and $1.0 million to $1.1 million for lease and contract termination and other associated costs. As required by law, the Company is consulting with each of the affected countries’ local Works Councils throughout implementation of this plan.

As of March 31, 2016, the Company has recognized $4.4 million in restructuring charges related to this plan, of which $0.3 million, $3.3 million and $0.8 million related to the North America, International and Other segments, respectively. This plan is expected to be completed during 2016.

The following table summarizes the accrued restructuring activities for this plan for the three months ended March 31, 2016 (in thousands):

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016



	Employee Severance and Related Benefits			Lease and Contract Termination Costs		Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	284		$	75	$	359
Charges	2,545			799		3,344
Cash payments	(609		)	—		(609		)
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	2,220		$	874	$	3,094

2015: No restructuring activities occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

6. Income Taxes

The Company's tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. The Company’s effective income tax rate was 979.9% and 42.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate each year due to certain operations that are subject to tax incentives, state and local taxes, and foreign taxes that are different than the U.S. federal statutory rate. In addition, the effective tax rate can be impacted each period by discrete factors and events.

The effective tax rates were affected by the fair value changes to contingent consideration in each period. Portions of the total amount recognized from fair value changes to contingent consideration relate to non-taxable acquisitions for which deferred taxes are not recognized, consistent with the treatment of goodwill and intangible assets for those acquisitions under U.S. GAAP. In the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, $1.9 million and $0.3 million was recognized as expense from fair value changes to contingent consideration, respectively, which did not result in recognition of a deferred tax asset, therefore, increasing the effective tax rate for these periods. Additionally, the global realignment plan resulted in restructuring and other charges in jurisdictions which have valuation allowances against tax loss carryforwards, so a tax benefit has not been recognized in the financial statements.

7. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average shares outstanding plus share equivalents that would arise from the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted common shares, and contingently issuable shares in connection with the Company’s acquisitions. During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, an aggregate of 3.4 million and 2.7 million options and restricted common shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation as these options and restricted common shares were anti-dilutive. The computations of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	(2,149	)	$	1,139

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic	53,145			52,754
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee and director stock options and restricted common shares	—			937
Contingently issuable shares	—			188
Weighted-average shares outstanding – diluted	53,145			53,879

Basic earnings (loss) per share	$	(0.04	)	$	0.02
Diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	(0.04	)	$	0.02

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

8. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The table below presents changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
	Foreign currency			Foreign currency
Balance, beginning of period	$	(13,993	)	$	(5,401	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(470		)	(6,442		)
Net current-period other comprehensive loss	(470		)	(6,442		)
Balance, end of period	$	(14,463	)	$	(11,843	)

9. Related Party Transactions

The Company provides print procurement services to Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr., a member of the Company’s Board of Directors, is the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and has a direct ownership interest in Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. The total amount billed for such print procurement services during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Additionally, Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. provides insurance brokerage and risk management services to the Company. As consideration of these services, Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. billed the Company $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The net amount receivable from Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. at March 31, 2016 was $0.2 million.

10. Fair Value Measurement

ASC 820 includes a fair value hierarchy that is intended to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures. The fair value hierarchy is based on observable or unobservable inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity’s pricing based upon its own market assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:


•	Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.


•	Level 2: Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs, which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.


•	Level 3: Inputs that are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable.

The Company's potential contingent consideration payments relating to acquisitions occurring subsequent to January 1, 2009 are its only Level 3 liabilities as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The fair value of the liabilities determined by this analysis is primarily driven by the probability of reaching the performance measures required by the purchase agreements and the associated discount rates. Probabilities are estimated by reviewing financial forecasts and assessing the likelihood of reaching the required performance measures based on factors specific to each acquisition as well as the Company’s historical experience with similar arrangements. If an acquisition reaches the required performance measure, the estimated probability would be increased to 100% and reclassified to Due to Seller, and if the measure is not reached, the probability would be reduced to reflect the amount earned, if any, depending on the terms of the agreement. Discount rates are estimated by using the local government bond yields plus the Company’s credit spread. A one percentage point increase in the discount rate across all contingent consideration liabilities would result in a decrease to the fair value of approximately $0.2 million.

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the basis of measurement at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016



At March 31, 2016	Total Fair Value Measurement			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	$	667		$	667	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	(20,318	)	$	—	$	—	$	(20,318	)



At December 31, 2015	Total Fair Value Measurement			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	$	667		$	667	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	(22,162	)	$	—	$	—	$	(22,162	)


(1)	Included in cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):



	Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	Contingent Consideration
Balance as of December 31, 2015	$	(22,162	)
Contingent consideration payments paid in cash	525
Change in fair value⁽¹⁾	(1,911		)
Reclassification to Due to seller	3,201
Foreign exchange impact⁽²⁾	29
Balance as of March 31, 2016	$	(20,318	)


(1)	Adjustments to original contingent consideration obligations recorded were the result of using revised financial forecasts and updated fair value measurements. These changes are recognized within operating expenses on the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.


(2)	Changes in the contingent consideration liability which are caused by foreign exchange rate fluctuations are recognized in other comprehensive loss.

11. Commitments and Contingencies

In October 2013, the Company removed the former owner of Productions Graphics from his role as President of Productions Graphics, the Company’s French subsidiary. He had been in that role since the Company’s 2011 acquisition of Productions Graphics, a European business then principally owned by him. In December 2013, the former owner of Productions Graphics initiated a wrongful termination claim in the Commercial Court of Paris seeking approximately €0.7 million (approximately $1.0 million) in fees and damages. In anticipation of this claim, in November 2013, he also obtained a judicial asset attachment order in the amount of €0.7 million (approximately ($1.0 million) as payment security; the attachment order was confirmed in January 2014, and the Company filed an appeal of the order. In March 2015, the appellate court ruled in the Company’s favor in the attachment proceedings, releasing all attachments. The Company disputes the allegations of the former owner of Productions Graphics and intends to vigorously defend these matters. In February 2014, based on a review the Company initiated into certain transactions associated with the former owner of Productions Graphics, the Company concluded that he had engaged in fraud by inflating the results of the Productions Graphics business in order to induce the Company to pay him €7.1 million in contingent consideration pursuant to the acquisition agreement. In light of those findings, in February 2014 the Company filed a criminal complaint in France seeking to redress the harm caused by his conduct and this proceeding is currently pending. In addition, in September 2015 the Company initiated a civil claim in the Paris Commercial Court against the former owner of Production Graphics, seeking civil damages to redress these same harms. In addition to these pending matters, there may be other potential disputes between the Company and the former owner of Productions Graphics relating to the acquisition agreement. The Company had paid €5.8 million (approximately $8.0 million) in fixed consideration and €7.1 million (approximately $9.4 million) in contingent consideration to the former owner of Productions Graphics; the remaining maximum contingent consideration under the acquisition agreement was €34.5 million (approximately $37.6 million) and the Company has determined that none of this amount was earned and payable.

In January 2014, a former finance employee of Productions Graphics initiated wrongful termination and overtime claims in the Labor Court of Boulogne-Billancourt, and he currently seeks damages of approximately €0.6 million (approximately $0.8 million). The Company disputes these allegations and intends to vigorously defend these matters. In addition, the Company’s criminal complaint in France, described above, seeks to redress harm caused by this former employee in light of his participation in the fraudulent transactions described above. The labor claim has been stayed in deference to the Company’s related criminal complaint.

In February 2014, shortly following the Company’s announcement of its intention to restate certain historical financial statements, an individual filed a putative securities class action complaint in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois entitled Van Noppen v. InnerWorkings et al. The complaint, as amended in July 2014, alleges that the Company and certain executive officers violated federal securities laws by making materially false or misleading statements or omissions, and by engaging in a scheme to defraud purchasers of securities, relating to the Company’s financial results and prospects. The purported misstatements and scheme relate to the Company’s inside sales initiative and the Productions Graphics business based

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

in France. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, interest, attorneys’ fees and other costs. The Company and individual defendants dispute the claims. On September 29, 2014, the Company and individual defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim. On September 30, 2015, the Court granted in part and denied in part the motion to dismiss, resulting in the dismissal with prejudice of all claims relating to the inside sales initiative. On March 18, 2016, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle the litigation. The settlement, which remains subject to Court approval, provides for payment to the class of $6.0 million, including plaintiff’s attorneys’ fees, in exchange for a full and final release; the settlement also includes a denial of liability or any wrongdoing by the Company and the individual defendants. The settlement payment will be fully paid by the Company’s insurance carrier. On December 12, 2014, the Company received a derivative demand letter on behalf of Tom Turberg, a purported stockholder, demanding that the Company’s Board of Directors investigate and take action on behalf of the Company against the executive officers named in the Van Noppen action as well as certain past and current members of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The demand letter’s allegations relate to (i) the Company’s restatement of financial statements for the fourth quarter of 2011 through the third quarter of 2013, (ii) the Company’s use of gross revenue accounting, (iii) incentive compensation paid to executive officers in 2011 and 2012, (iv) allegations in the Van Noppen action, and (v) typographical errors in the 2013 Form 10-K. The demand letter has been forwarded to the Company’s Board of Directors for its review and handling, and a Committee of three independent directors of the Board of Directors is reviewing and evaluating the matters raised in the letter.

In March 2016, Capgemini America, Inc. (“Capgemini”) filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, alleging breach of contract and unjust enrichment in connection with the Company’s termination of Capgemini’s services under an agreement requiring Capgemini to provide certain business process outsourcing services to the Company. The complaint seeks damages of $2.4 million, interest, costs, and attorney’s fees. The Company disputes the claims and intends to vigorously defend the matter. In April 2016, the Company filed an answer, affirmative defenses and counterclaims against Capgemini. The Company’s counterclaims allege fraud in the inducement, Illinois Consumer Fraud Act liability, and breach of contract, and seek compensatory and punitive damages, costs, and attorney’s fees in an amount to be determined.

12. Revolving Credit Facility

The Company entered into a Credit Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2010, subsequently amended most recently as of September 25, 2014, among the Company, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement includes a revolving commitment amount of $175 million in the aggregate with a maturity date of September 25, 2019, and provides the Company the right to increase the aggregate commitment amount by an additional $50 million. Outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility are guaranteed by the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement and such domestic subsidiaries’ guaranty obligations are secured by substantially all of their respective assets. The ranges of applicable rates charged for interest on outstanding loans and letters of credit are 125-250 basis point spread for letter of credit fees and loans based on the Eurodollar rate and 25-150 basis point spread for loans based on the base rate.

The terms of the Credit Agreement include various covenants, including covenants that require the Company to maintain a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio. The Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a leverage ratio of no more than 3.00 to 1.0 for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and 3.00 to 1.0 for each period thereafter. The Company is also required to maintain an interest coverage ratio of no less than 5.00 to 1.0. The Company is in compliance with all debt covenants as of March 31, 2016.

At March 31, 2016, the Company had $32.7 million of unused availability under the Credit Agreement and $0.7 million of letters of credit which have not been drawn upon.

The fair value of the debt under this Credit Agreement is not materially different from its book value as of March 31, 2016.

13. Share Repurchase Program

On February 12, 2015, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to an aggregate of $20 million of its common stock through open market and privately negotiated transactions over a two-year period. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined based on market conditions, share price and other factors, and the program may be discontinued or suspended at any time. Repurchases will be made in compliance with SEC rules and other legal requirements.

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 544,624 shares of its common stock for $3.5 million in the aggregate at an average cost of $6.43 per share. Shares repurchased under this program are recorded at acquisition cost, including related expenses.

14. Business Segments

Segment information is prepared on the same basis that our Chief Executive Officer, who is our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), manages the segments, evaluates financial results, and makes key operating decisions. In fiscal year 2015, segments were organized and managed by the CODM as three business segments: North America, including the United States and Canada; EMEA, including operations in the United Kingdom, continental Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia; and LATAM, including operations in Mexico, South America and Central America. Effective in the first fiscal quarter of 2016, the Company implemented changes to the organizational structure of the Latin America and EMEA segments which included combining the two segments under single management and managing those businesses as one segment. In conjunction with this change, the CODM now manages the results of the Company as two business segments: North America and International. The North America segment includes operations in the United States and Canada; the International segment includes all other operations across Europe, Asia, Mexico, Central America and South America; Other consists of intersegment eliminations, shared service activities and unallocated corporate expenses. All transactions between segments are presented at their gross amounts and eliminated through Other.

Management evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. The accounting policies of each of the operating segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1. Adjusted EBITDA represents income from operations excluding depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, income/expense related to changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities and other items as described below. Management does not evaluate the performance of its operating segments using asset measures.

The table below presents financial information for the Company’s reportable segments and Other for the three month periods noted (in thousands):



	North America		International		Other			Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016:
Net revenue from third parties	$	190,004	$	81,069	$	—		$	271,073
Net revenue from other segments	—		3,767		(3,767		)	—
Total net revenues	190,004		84,836		(3,767		)	271,073
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	16,346		4,102		(7,888		)	12,560

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015:
Net revenue from third parties	$	170,801	$	71,294	$	—		$	242,095
Net revenue from other segments	—		186		(186		)	—
Total net revenues	170,801		71,480		(186		)	242,095
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	15,664		1,247		(7,433		)	9,478

(1)

Adjusted EBITDA, which represents income from operations with the addition of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, change in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities and certain legal settlements, is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under SEC regulations. Income from operations is the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. The Company presents this measure as supplemental information to help investors better understand trends in its business results over time. The Company’s management team uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of the business. Adjusted EBITDA is not equivalent to any measure of performance required to be reported under GAAP, nor should this data be considered an indicator of the Company’s overall financial performance and liquidity. Moreover, the Adjusted EBITDA definition the Company uses may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

The table below reconciles the total of the reportable segments' Adjusted EBITDA and the Adjusted EBITDA included in Other to income before income taxes (in thousands):

InnerWorkings, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Adjusted EBITDA	$	12,560		$	9,478
Depreciation and amortization	(4,596		)	(4,091		)
Stock-based compensation expense	(1,241		)	(2,061		)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	(1,911		)	(313		)
Restructuring and other charges	(3,344		)	—
Income from operations	1,468			3,013
Total other expense	(1,224		)	(1,040		)
Income before income taxes	$	244		$	1,973

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

We are a leading global marketing execution firm for some of the world's most marketing intensive companies, including Fortune 1000 brands, across a wide range of industries. As a comprehensive outsourced global solution, we leverage proprietary technology, an extensive supplier network, substantial procurement data, buying power and deep domain expertise to design, procure and execute branded marketing and promotional materials, signage and displays, retail experiences, events and promotions, creative services and product packaging across every major market worldwide. The items we source are generally procured through the marketing supply chain, and we refer to these items collectively as marketing materials. Our solution is designed to deliver substantial savings, shorter lead times, greater brand consistency, and more control and transparency across the marketing supply chain while delivering high-quality products and services for our clients.

Our proprietary software applications and databases create a fully-integrated solution that stores, analyzes and tracks the production capabilities of our supplier network, as well as detailed pricing data. As a result, we have one of the largest independent repositories of supplier capabilities and pricing data for suppliers of marketing materials around the world. We leverage our supplier capabilities and pricing data to match our orders with suppliers that are optimally suited to meet the client’s needs at a highly competitive price.

Through our network of more than 9,000 global suppliers, we offer a full range of fulfillment and logistics services that allow us to procure marketing materials of virtually any kind. The breadth of our product offerings and services and the depth of our supplier network enable us to fulfill the marketing materials procurement needs of our clients. By leveraging our technology and data, our clients are able to reduce overhead costs, redeploy internal resources and obtain favorable pricing and service terms. In addition, our ability to track individual transactions and provide customized reports detailing procurement activity on an enterprise-wide basis provides our clients with greater visibility and control of their marketing materials expenditures.

We were formed in 2001, commenced operations in 2002 and converted from a limited liability company to a Delaware corporation in January 2006. We have increased our annual revenue from $5.0 million in 2002 to $1,029.4 million in 2015, representing a compound annual growth rate of 50.6%.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Chicago, Illinois. As of March 31, 2016, we operated in 67 global office locations in more than 39 countries. Effective in the first fiscal quarter of 2016, we organize our operations into two segments based on geographic regions: North America and International. The North America segment includes operations in the United States and Canada; the International segment includes operations in Mexico, South America, Central America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia.

Revenue

We generate revenue by procuring and purchasing marketing materials from our suppliers and selling those products to our clients. We procure products for clients across a wide range of industries, such as retail, financial services, hospitality, consumer packaged goods, non-profits, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, broadcasting and cable, and transportation. Our clients fall into two categories, enterprise and transactional. We enter into contracts with our enterprise clients to provide some, or substantially all, of their marketing materials, typically on a recurring basis. We provide marketing materials to our transactional clients on an order-by-order basis. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, enterprise clients accounted for 85% of our revenue, while transactional clients accounted for 15% of our revenue.

Our revenue consists of the prices paid to us by our clients for marketing materials. These prices, in turn, reflect the amounts charged to us by our suppliers plus our gross profit. Our gross profit margin, in the case of some of our enterprise clients, is fixed by contract or, in the case of transactional clients, is dependent on prices negotiated on a job-by-job basis. Once either type of client accepts our pricing terms, the selling price is established and we procure the product for our own account in order to re-sell it to the client. We take full title and risk of loss for the product upon shipment. The finished product is typically shipped directly from our supplier to a destination specified by our client. Upon shipment, our supplier invoices us for the products and we invoice our client.

Our revenue from enterprise clients tends to generate lower gross profit as a percentage of revenue, which we refer to as gross profit margins, than our revenue from transactional clients because the gross profit margins established in our contracts with large enterprise clients are generally lower than the gross profit margins typically realized in our transactional business.

Although our enterprise revenue generates lower gross profit margins, our enterprise business tends to be as profitable as our transactional business on an operating profit basis because the commission expense associated with enterprise clients is generally lower.

Cost of Goods Sold and Gross Profit

Our cost of goods sold consists primarily of the price at which we purchase products from our suppliers. Our selling price, including our gross profit, in the case of some of our enterprise clients, is based on a fixed gross margin established by contract or, in the case of transactional clients, is determined at the discretion of the account executive or production manager within predetermined parameters. Our gross profit margins on our enterprise clients are typically lower than our gross profit margins on our transactional clients. As a result, our cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenue for our enterprise clients is typically higher than those for our transactional clients. Our gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was $61.9 million and $55.1 million, or 22.9% and 22.7% of revenue, respectively.

Operating Expenses

Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist of commissions paid to our account executives, compensation costs for our management team and production managers, as well as compensation costs for our finance and support employees, public company expenses, corporate systems, legal and accounting, facilities and travel and entertainment expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue were 18.7% and 19.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

We accrue for commissions when we recognize the related revenue. Some of our account executives receive a monthly draw to provide them with a more consistent income stream. The cash paid to our account executives in advance of commissions earned is reflected as a prepaid expense on our balance sheet. As our account executives earn commissions, a portion of their commission payment is withheld and offset against their prepaid commission balance, if any. Our prepaid commission balance, net of accrued earned commissions not yet paid, decreased to $0.8 million as of March 31, 2016 from $0.9 million as of December 31, 2015.

We agree to provide our clients with marketing materials that conform to the industry standard of a “commercially reasonable quality,” and our suppliers in turn generally agree to provide us with products of the same quality. In addition, the quotes we execute with our clients typically include customary industry terms and conditions that limit the amount of our liability for product defects. Product defects have not had a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Comparison of three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015

Revenue

Our revenue by segment for each of the periods presented was as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016		% of Total		2015		% of Total
	(dollars in thousands)
North America	$	190,004	70.1	%	$	170,801	70.6	%
International	81,069		29.9	%	71,294		29.4	%
Net revenues from third parties	$	271,073	100.0	%	$	242,095	100.0	%

North America

North America revenue increased by $19.2 million, or 11.2%, from $170.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $190.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase in revenue is driven primarily by organic growth from new enterprise accounts added during the last 12 to 18 months.

International

International revenue increased by $9.8 million, or 13.7%, from $71.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $81.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase is primarily driven by organic growth from new and existing customers, offset by the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar.

Cost of goods sold

Our cost of goods sold increased by $22.1 million, or 11.8%, from $187.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $209.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. The increase is a result of increased revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 as described above. Our cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenue was 77.1% and 77.3% during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Gross profit margin

Our gross profit margin was 22.9% and 22.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This increase is due to a shift in revenue mix to higher margin categories during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $3.0 million, or 6.3%, from $47.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $50.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. As a percentage of revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased from 19.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2015 to 18.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2016. This decrease is primarily due to improved leverage of fixed costs from higher revenues.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $0.5 million, or 12.3%, from $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $4.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase is driven by additional depreciation expense from additional capital expenditures, including internal-use software.

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Expense from the change in fair value of contingent consideration increased by $1.6 million from $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $1.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase was primarily due to previously acquired entities achieving applicable financial targets during the three months ended March 31, 2016, resulting in an increase to the fair value of the related liability.

Restructuring and asset write down charges

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we recorded restructuring and other charges of $3.3 million. During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company approved a global realignment plan that is expected to allow the Company to more efficiently meet client needs across its international platform. Through improved integration of global resources, the plan will create back office and other efficiencies and allow for the elimination of approximately 100 positions. As required by law, the Company is consulting with each of the affected countries’ local Works Councils throughout implementation of this plan.

As of March 31, 2016, the Company has recognized $4.4 million in restructuring charges related to this plan of which $0.3 million, $3.3 million and $0.8 million is related to the North America, International and Other segments, respectively. This plan is expected to be completed during 2016.

No restructuring activities occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Income from operations

Income from operations decreased by $1.5 million, or 51.3%, from $3.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $1.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. As a percentage of revenue, income from operations was 0.5% and 1.2% during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This decrease is primarily attributable to the restructuring charges discussed above, partially offset by higher gross profit margin and lower selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue.

Other expense

Other expense increased by $0.2 million from $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $1.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase is primarily driven by losses on foreign currency transactions in the International segment due to exchange rate fluctuations across multiple currencies.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense increased by $1.6 million from $0.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $2.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. Our effective tax rate was 979.9% and 42.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate each year due to certain operations that are subject to tax incentives, state and local taxes, and foreign taxes that are different than the U.S. federal statutory rate. In addition, the effective tax rate can be impacted each period by discrete factors and events.

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) decreased by $3.3 million, or 288.7%, from $1.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to $(2.1) million during the three months ended March 31, 2016. This decrease is primarily due to restructuring charges discussed above, increased other expense and a higher income tax expense discussed above. Net income as a percentage of revenue was (0.8)% and 0.5% during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA, which represents income from operations with the addition of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, change in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities and other amounts itemized in the reconciliation table below, is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under SEC regulations. Net income (loss) is the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. We present this measure as supplemental information to help our investors better understand trends in our business over time. Our management team uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of our business. Adjusted EBITDA is not equivalent to any measure of performance required to be reported under GAAP, nor should this data be considered an indicator of our overall financial performance and liquidity. Moreover, the Adjusted EBITDA definition we use may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Our Adjusted EBITDA by segment for each of the periods presented was as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			% of Total		2015			% of Total
	(dollars in thousands)
North America	$	16,346		130.1	%	$	15,664		165.3	%
International	4,102			32.7		1,247			13.2
Other⁽¹⁾	(7,888		)	(62.8	)	(7,433		)	(78.4	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	12,560		100.0	%	$	9,478		100.0	%

(1) “Other” consists of intersegment eliminations, shared service activities and corporate expenses which are not allocated to the operating segments as management does not consider them in evaluating segment performance.

2016 compared to 2015. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $3.1 million, or 32.5%, from $9.5 million in 2015 to $12.6 million in 2016. North America Adjusted EBITDA increased by $0.7 million, or 4.4%, from $15.7 million in 2015 to $16.3 million in 2016 due to increased revenue and gross profit from organic growth of new enterprise customers. International Adjusted EBITDA increased by $2.9 million, or 229.0%, from $1.2 million in 2015 to $4.1 million in 2016 primarily due to organic growth of new enterprise customers and improved profitability associated with the global realignment plan discussed above. Other Adjusted EBITDA decreased by $0.5 million, or 6.1%, from $(7.4) million in 2015 to $(7.9) million in 2016.

The table below provides a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) for each of the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Net income (loss)	$	(2,149	)	$	1,139
Income tax expense	2,393			834
Total other expense	1,224			1,040
Depreciation and amortization	4,596			4,091
Stock-based compensation expense	1,241			2,061
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	1,911			313
Restructuring and other charges	3,344			—
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	12,560		$	9,478

Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share

Adjusted diluted earnings per share, which represents net income (loss), with the addition of the change in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities, impairment charges and other amounts itemized in the reconciliation table below, divided by the weighted average shares outstanding plus share equivalents that would arise from the exercise of stock options and restricted stock and other contingently issuable shares, is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under SEC regulations. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. We present this measure as supplemental information to help our investors better understand trends in our business over time. Our management team uses adjusted diluted earnings per share to evaluate the performance of our business. Adjusted diluted earnings per share is not equivalent to any measure of performance required to be reported under GAAP, nor should this data be considered

an indicator of our overall financial performance and liquidity. Moreover, the adjusted diluted earnings per share definition we use may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Our adjusted diluted earnings per share for each of the years presented was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Net income (loss)	$	(2,149	)	$	1,139
Change in fair value of contingent consideration, net of tax	1,911			311
Restructuring and other charges, net of tax	2,964			—
Realignment-related income tax charges	397			—
Adjusted net income	$	3,123		$	1,450
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted	54,688			53,879
Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share	$	0.06		$	0.03

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At March 31, 2016, we had $20.9 million of cash and cash equivalents.

Operating Activities. Cash used in operating activities primarily consists of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization and the effect of changes in working capital and other activities. Cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $24.6 million and consisted of a net loss of $2.1 million and $8.4 million of non-cash items, offset by $30.8 million used by working capital and other activities. The most significant impact on working capital and other activities consisted of an increase in accounts receivable and unbilled revenue of $16.3 million, an increase in inventory of $1.4 million and a decrease in accounts payable of $40.2 million, offset by and a decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets of $16.4 million and an increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities of $10.7 million.

Cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $6.3 million and consisted of net income of $1.1 million and $7.4 million of non-cash items, offset by $14.8 million used by working capital and other activities. The most significant impact on working capital and other activities consisted of an increase in inventory of $6.5 million, an increase in accounts receivable and unbilled revenue of $4.0 million, a decrease in accounts payable of $3.8 million, and a decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities of $3.6 million.

Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 of $4.0 million was entirely attributable to capital expenditures.

Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 of $3.7 million was primarily attributable to capital expenditures of $3.7 million.

Financing Activities. Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 of $18.4 million was primarily attributable to net borrowings under the revolving credit facility of $19.4 million, offset by payments of contingent consideration of $0.5 million and net short-term secured repayments of $1.8 million.

Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 of $1.7 million was primarily

attributable to net borrowings under the revolving credit facility of $5.6 million, offset by repurchases of common stock of $3.5 million and payments of contingent consideration of $0.4 million.

Share Repurchase Program

In February 2015, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program. Under the program, we are authorized to repurchase up to $20.0 million of our outstanding common stock over the course of two years. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined based on market conditions, share price and other factors, and the program may be discontinued or suspended at any time. Repurchases will be made in compliance with SEC rules and other legal requirements. This share repurchase program gives us the option to capitalize on opportunities provided by the market to create additional shareholder value, while maintaining the flexibility to invest in our growth.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. Shares repurchased under this program are recorded at acquisition cost, including related expenses.

Revolving Credit Facility

We entered into a Credit Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2010, subsequently amended most recently as of September 25, 2014, among us, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement includes a revolving commitment amount of $175 million in the aggregate with a maturity date of September 25, 2019, and provides us the right to increase the aggregate commitment amount by an additional $50 million. Outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility are guaranteed by our material domestic subsidiaries. Our obligations under the Credit Agreement and such domestic subsidiaries’ guaranty obligations are secured by substantially all of their respective assets. The ranges of applicable rates charged for interest on outstanding loans and letters of credit are 125-250 basis point spread for letter of credit fees and loans based on the Eurodollar rate and 25-150 basis point spread for loans based on the base rate.

The terms of the Credit Agreement include various covenants, including requirements to maintain a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio. The Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a leverage ratio of no more than 3.00 to 1.0. We are also required to maintain an interest coverage ratio of no less than 5.00 to 1.0. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of March 31, 2016.

At March 31, 2016, we had $32.7 million of unused availability under the Credit Agreement and $0.7 million of letters of credit which have not been drawn upon.

In addition, we will continue to utilize cash, in part, to fund acquisitions and expand our operations. We believe that our available cash and cash equivalents and the availability under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to meet our working capital and operating expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future. Thereafter, we may find it necessary to obtain additional equity or debt financing.

We earn a significant amount of our operating income outside the United States, which is deemed to be permanently reinvested in foreign jurisdictions. We do not currently foresee a need to repatriate funds; however, should we require more capital in the United States than is generated by our operations locally or through debt or equity issuances, we could elect to repatriate funds held in foreign jurisdictions. If foreign earnings were to be remitted to the United States, foreign tax credits would be available to reduce any U.S. tax due upon repatriation. Included in our cash and cash equivalents are amounts held by foreign subsidiaries. We had $17.5 million and $15.1 million of foreign cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, which are generally denominated in the local currency where the funds are held.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements.

Contractual Obligations

With the exception of the contingent consideration in connection with our business acquisitions discussed in Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, there have been no material changes outside the normal course of business in the contractual obligations disclosed in Item 7 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, under the caption “Contractual Obligations.”

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

As of March 31, 2016, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains words such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “estimate” and “objective” or the negative thereof or similar terminology concerning the Company’s future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and objectives. These expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements within the

meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future performance or results of operations and are not guarantees. While these statements are based on assumptions and judgments that management has made in light of industry experience as well as perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, they are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different. Some of the factors that would cause future results to differ from the recent results or those projected in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risk factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Additional Information

We make our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, other reports and information filed with the SEC and amendments to those reports available, free of charge, through our Internet website (http://www.inwk.com) as soon as reasonably practical after we electronically file or furnish such materials to the SEC. All of our filings may be read or copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Filing Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Commodity Risk

We are dependent upon the availability of paper, and paper prices represent a substantial portion of the cost of our products. The supply and price of paper depend on a variety of factors over which we have no control, including environmental and conservation regulations, natural disasters and weather. We believe a 10% increase in the price of paper would not have a significant effect on our consolidated statements of income or cash flows, as these costs are generally passed through to our clients.

Interest Rate Risk

We have exposure to changes in interest rates on our revolving credit facility. Interest is payable at the adjusted LIBOR rate or the alternate base rate. Assuming our $175.0 million revolving credit facility was fully drawn, a 1.0% increase in the interest rate would increase our annual interest expense by $1.75 million.

Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates, in particular because all of our investments are in cash equivalents and marketable securities. The average duration of our investments as of March 31, 2016 was less than one year. Due to the short-term nature of our investments, we believe that there is no material risk exposure.

Foreign Currency Risk

We transact business in various foreign currencies other than the U.S. dollar, principally the Euro, British pound sterling, Brazilian real, Peruvian Nuevo Sol, Mexican peso, Colombian peso and Chilean peso, which exposes us to foreign currency risk. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, we derived approximately 30.1% of our revenue from international customers, and we expect the percentage of revenue derived from outside the United States to increase in future periods as we continue to expand globally. Revenue and related expenses generated from our international operations are denominated in the functional currencies of the corresponding country. The functional currency of our subsidiaries that either operate or support these markets is generally the same as the corresponding local currency. The results of operations of, and certain of our intercompany balances associated with, our international operations are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Changes in exchange rates could negatively affect our revenue and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars. We may record significant gains or losses on the remeasurement of intercompany balances. Foreign exchange gains and losses recorded to date have been immaterial to our financial statements. At this time we do not, but in the future we may enter into derivatives or other financial instruments in an attempt to hedge our foreign currency exchange risk. It is difficult to predict the impact hedging activities would have on our results of operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2016. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2016, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

In the third quarter of 2013, we began the implementation of a new global enterprise resource planning system which includes the implementation of shared service centers in some regions. This multi-year initiative will be conducted in phases and will include modifications to the design and operation of internal controls over financial reporting. We are testing internal controls over financial reporting for design effectiveness prior to implementation of each phase, and we have monitoring controls in place over the implementation of these changes.

Except as described above, there have been no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information concerning our legal proceedings, see Note 11 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors described in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no unregistered sales of the Company's equity securities during the period covered by this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On February 12, 2015, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program providing us authorization to repurchase up to an aggregate of $20.0 million of our common stock through open market and privately negotiated transactions over a two-year period. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined based on market conditions, share price and other factors, and the program may be discontinued or suspended at any time. Repurchases will be made in compliance with SEC rules and other legal requirements. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program.

The following table provides information relating to our purchase of shares of our common stock in the first quarter of 2016 (in thousands, except per share amounts).



Period	Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs⁽²⁾
1/1/16-1/31/16	—	$	—	—	2,139
2/1/16-2/29/16	74	7.01		—	2,195
3/1/16-3/31/16	9,080	7.39		—	1,900
Total	9,154	$	7.39	—


(1)	Includes 9,154 shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy the mandatory tax withholding requirement upon vesting of restricted stock.


(2)	The share repurchase plan authorized by our Board of Directors allows repurchases of up to $20 million of our common stock, of which 1.9 million remains available under the plan. The maximum number of shares that may yet be repurchased under the plan is estimated using the closing share price on the last day of each period presented.

Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit No		Description of Exhibit
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS**		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

**Submitted electronically with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	INNERWORKINGS, INC.

Date: May 10, 2016	By:	/s/ Eric D. Belcher
		Eric D. Belcher
		Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 10, 2016	By:	/s/ Jeffrey P. Pritchett
		Jeffrey P. Pritchett
		Chief Financial Officer

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

EXHIBIT INDEX



Number		Description
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS**		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE**		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

**Submitted electronically with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

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Innerworkings (INWK) 10-Q2016 Q1 Quarterly report

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