Business Segments | Business Segments Segment information is prepared on the same basis that our Chief Executive Officer, who is our chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), manages the segments, evaluates financial results, and makes key operating decisions. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company changed its reportable segments. The Company is now organized and managed by the CODM as three operating segments: North America, EMEA and LATAM. The North America segment includes operations in the United States and Canada; the EMEA segment includes operations in the United Kingdom, continental Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia; and the LATAM segment includes operations in Mexico, Central America, and South America. Other consists of intersegment eliminations, shared service activities, and unallocated corporate expenses. All transactions between segments are presented at their gross amounts and eliminated through Other. We have reflected the segment change as if it had occurred in all periods presented. Management evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on revenues and Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. The accounting policies of each of the operating segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1. Adjusted EBITDA represents income from operations excluding depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, goodwill, intangible and long-lived asset impairment charges, restructuring charges, senior leadership transition and other employee-related expenses, business development realignment, obsolete retail inventory writeoff, change in fair value of contingent consideration, professional fees related to ASC 606 implementation, executive search expenses, restatement of prior period financial statements, and other expenses related to investment in operational and financial process improvements. Management does not evaluate the performance of its operating segments using asset measures. The table below presents financial information for the Company’s reportable segments and Other for the three and nine month periods noted (in thousands): North America EMEA LATAM Other Total Three Months Ended September 30, 2018: Revenue from third parties $ 181,363 $ 68,890 $ 20,597 $ — $ 270,850 Revenue from other segments 622 2,151 100 (2,873 ) — Total revenue 181,985 71,041 20,697 (2,873 ) 270,850 Adjusted EBITDA (1) 14,627 4,619 1,082 (8,085 ) 12,243 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 (as restated): Revenue from third parties $ 199,086 $ 63,803 $ 25,634 $ — $ 288,523 Revenue from other segments 112 3,164 351 (3,627 ) — Total revenue 199,198 66,967 25,985 (3,627 ) 288,523 Adjusted EBITDA (1) 20,320 5,334 1,389 (8,918 ) 18,125 North America EMEA LATAM Other Total Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018: Revenue from third parties $ 565,243 $ 198,229 $ 63,884 $ — $ 827,356 Revenue from other segments 2,993 7,679 178 (10,850 ) — Total revenue 568,236 205,908 64,062 (10,850 ) 827,356 Adjusted EBITDA (1) 50,215 6,929 2,913 (32,278 ) 27,779 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 (as restated): Revenue from third parties $ 569,090 $ 193,468 $ 70,436 $ — $ 832,994 Revenue from other segments 3,012 10,481 1,024 (14,517 ) — Total revenue 572,102 203,949 71,460 (14,517 ) 832,994 Adjusted EBITDA (1) 57,305 12,775 3,500 (26,453 ) 47,127 (1) Adjusted EBITDA, which represents income from operations with the addition of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, goodwill, intangible and long-lived asset impairment charges, restructuring charges, senior leadership transition and other employee-related expenses, business development realignment, obsolete retail inventory writeoff, change in fair value of contingent consideration, professional fees related to ASC 606 implementation, executive search expenses, restatement of prior period financial statements, and other expenses related to investment in operational and financial process improvements is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under SEC regulations. Income from operations is the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. The Company presents this measure as supplemental information to help investors better understand trends in its business results over time. The Company’s management team uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of the business. Adjusted EBITDA is not equivalent to any measure of performance required to be reported under GAAP, nor should this data be considered an indicator of the Company’s overall financial performance and liquidity. Moreover, the Adjusted EBITDA definition the Company uses may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The table below reconciles the total of the reportable segments' Adjusted EBITDA and the Adjusted EBITDA included in Other to (loss) income before income taxes (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 (as restated) (as restated) Adjusted EBITDA 12,243 18,125 27,779 47,127 Depreciation and amortization (3,265 ) (3,317 ) (10,438 ) (9,403 ) Stock-based compensation expense (801 ) (2,375 ) (3,624 ) (5,296 ) Goodwill impairment (27,887 ) — (27,887 ) — Intangible and long-lived asset impairment (16,818 ) — (16,818 ) — Restructuring charges (3,142 ) — (3,142 ) — Senior leadership transition and other employee-related costs (1,153 ) — (1,153 ) — Business development realignment — (715 ) — (715 ) Obsolete retail inventory (950 ) — (950 ) — Change in fair value of contingent consideration — 167 — (677 ) Professional fees related to ASC 606 implementation — (300 ) (1,092 ) (300 ) Executive search fees — — (235 ) — Restatement-related professional fees (1,358 ) — (1,895 ) — Other professional fees (81 ) — (162 ) — (Loss) income from operations (43,212 ) 11,585 (39,617 ) 30,736 Interest income 19 31 135 77 Interest expense (1,769 ) (1,198 ) (4,854 ) (3,239 ) Other, net (301 ) 426 (1,734 ) (962 ) (Loss) income before income taxes $ (45,263 ) $ 10,844 $ (46,070 ) $ 26,612 |