NOTE 3 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation The Companys consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Brekford Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Municipal Recovery Agency, LLC. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, estimates are used for, but not limited to, stock-based compensation, allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns, allowance for inventory obsolescence, fair value of long-lived assets, deferred taxes and valuation allowance, and the depreciable lives of fixed assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Concentration of Credit Risk The Company maintains cash accounts with major financial institutions. From time to time, amounts deposited may exceed the FDIC insured limits. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are carried at estimated net realizable value. The Company has a policy of reserving for uncollectable accounts based on its best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in its existing accounts receivable. The Company calculates the allowance based on a specific analysis of past due balances. Past due status for a particular customer is based on how recently payments have been received from that customer. Historically, the Companys actual collection experience has not differed significantly from its estimates, due primarily to credit and collections practices and the financial strength of its customers. Inventory Inventory principally consists of hardware and third-party packaged software that is modified to conform to customer specifications and held temporarily until the completion of a contract. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or market value. The cost is determined by the lower of first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, while market value is determined by replacement cost for raw materials and parts and net realizable value for work-in- process. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation of furniture, vehicles, computer equipment and software and phone equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (two to ten years), and leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term (which is three to five years). Management reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the long-lived asset is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue relating to its vehicle upfitting solutions when all of the following criteria have been satisfied: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (ii) delivery or installation has been completed; (iii) the customer accepts and verifies receipt; and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company considers delivery to its customers to have occurred at the time at which products are delivered and/or installation work is completed and the customer acknowledges its acceptance of the work. The Company provides its customers with a warranty against defects in the installation of its vehicle upfitting solutions for one year from the date of installation. Warranty claims were insignificant for the year ended December 31, 2015 and $10,111 for the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company also performs warranty repair services on behalf of the manufacturers of the equipment it sells. The Company also offers separately-priced extended warranty and product maintenance contracts to its customers on the equipment sold by the Company. Revenues from extended warranty services are apportioned over the period of the extended warranty service contracts and the warranty costs are expensed as incurred. Revenue from extended warranties for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 amounted to $237,286 and $443,737, respectively. For automated traffic safety enforcement revenue, the Company recognizes the revenue when the required collection efforts are completed and the respective municipality is billed depending on the terms of the respective contract. The Company records revenue related to automated traffic violations for the Companys share of the violation amount. Shipping and Handling Costs All amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling are included in products revenues and all costs of shipping and handling are included in cost of sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company incurred shipping and handling costs of $58,120 and $57,843 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Advertising Costs The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Advertising expense amounted to $8,000 and $30,412 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Share-Based Compensation The Company complies with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 718, Compensation Stock Compensation Treasury Stock The Company accounts for treasury stock using the cost method. As of December 31, 2015, 10,600 shares of our common stock were held in treasury at an aggregate cost of $5,890. Income Taxes The Company uses the liability method to account for income taxes. Income tax expense includes income taxes currently payable and deferred taxes arising from temporary differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred income taxes are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense, if any, consists of the taxes payable for the current period. Valuation The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and with the revenue services of various states. The Companys policy is to recognize interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company believes that it has appropriate support for the income tax positions it takes and expects to take on its tax returns, and that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on an assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter Loss per Share Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and does not include the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, adjusted for the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. There is no dilutive effect on the loss per share during loss periods. See Note 11 for the calculation of basic and diluted loss earnings per share. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying amount of the Companys promissory note obligations approximate fair value, as the terms of these notes are consistent with terms available in the market for instruments with similar risk. We account for our derivative financial instruments, consisting solely of certain stock purchase warrants that contain non-standard anti-dilutions provisions and/or cash settlement features, and certain conversion options embedded in our convertible instruments, at fair value using Level 3 inputs, which are discussed in Note 14 to these condensed consolidated financial statements. We determine the fair value of these derivative liabilities using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model when appropriate, and in certain circumstances using binomial lattice models or other accepted valuation practices. When determining the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, we are required to use various estimates and unobservable inputs, including, among other things, contractual terms of the instruments, expected volatility of our stock price, expected dividends, and the risk-free interest rate. Changes in any of the assumptions related to the unobservable inputs identified above may change the fair value of the instrument. Increases in expected term, anticipated volatility and expected dividends generally result in increases in fair value, while decreases in the unobservable inputs generally result in decreases in fair value. Foreign Currency Transactions The Company has certain revenue and expense transactions with a functional currency in Mexican pesos and the Company's reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Assets and liabilities are translated from the functional currency to the reporting currency at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date and equity at the historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are translated at rates in effect at the time of the transactions. Resulting translation gains and losses are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders' equity - other comprehensive income (loss). Realized foreign currency transaction gains and losses are credited or charged directly to operations. Segment Reporting FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014 the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (May 2014). The topic of Revenue Recognition had become broad with several other regulatory agencies issuing standards, which lacked cohesion. The new guidance established a comprehensive framework and reduces the number of requirements to which an entity must consider in recognizing revenue and yet provides improved disclosures to assist stakeholders reviewing financial statements. The amendments in this Update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company will adopt the methodologies prescribed by this ASU by the date required. Adoption of the ASU is not expected to have a significant effect on the Companys consolidated financial statements. The FASB has issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 is intended to define managements responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organizations ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), financial statements are prepared under the presumption that the reporting organization will continue to operate as a going concern, except in limited circumstances. Financial reporting under this presumption is commonly referred to as the going concern basis of accounting. The going concern basis of accounting is critical to financial reporting because it established the fundamental basis for measuring and classifying assets and liabilities. Currently, GAAP lacks guidance about managements responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt the organizations ability to continue as a going concern or to provide footnote disclosures. The ASU provides guidance to an organizations management, with principles and definition that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures that are commonly provided by organizations today in the financial statement footnotes. The amendments in this update are effective for the annual period ending after December 31, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company will adopt the methodologies prescribed by this ASU by the date required. Adoption of the ASU is not expected to have a significant effect on the Companys consolidated financial statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of the Debt Issuance Cost. To simplify the presentation of the debt issuance costs, the amendments in this ASU require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this ASU. The amendments in this ASU are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within those years. Early adoption of the amendments in this ASU is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. By adopting this standard, we will reclassify certain of our assets and liabilities but have not calculated the amounts of those recalculations at this time. In February 2016, FASB issued ASU-2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." The guidance requires that a lessee recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right of use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For finance leases: the right-of-use asset and a lease liability will be initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; interest on the lease liability will be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income; and repayments of the principal portion of the lease liability will be classified within financing activities and payments of interest on the lease liability and variable lease payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For operating leases: the right-of-use asset and a lease liability will be initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; a single lease cost will be recognized, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis; and all cash payments will be classified within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. Under Topic 842 the accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous GAAP. The amendments in Topic 842 are effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2019, including interim periods within that fiscal year. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new guidance of the consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01, "Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," which amends the guidance in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Changes to the current guidance primarily affect the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. In addition, the ASU clarifies guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and are to be adopted by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet at the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Early adoption is not permitted except for the provision to record fair value changes for financial liabilities under the fair value option resulting from instrument-specific credit risk in other comprehensive income. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes," which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes by requiring that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 16, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this standard will not have any impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and disclosures. |