Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 27, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Fiscal Year | Fiscal year |
The Company operates and reports financial information on a 52- or 53-week year on a 13-week quarter basis with the fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in December and fiscal quarters ending on the 13th Saturday of each quarter (or 14th Saturday when applicable with respect to the fourth fiscal quarter). The data periods contained within fiscal years 2014, 2013, and 2012 reflect the results of operations for the 52-week periods ended December 27, 2014, December 28, 2013, and December 29, 2012, respectively. |
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation | Basis of presentation and consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DBGI and subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All significant transactions and balances between subsidiaries and affiliates have been eliminated in consolidation. |
We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. We also consider for consolidation an entity, in which we have certain interests, where the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such an entity, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”), is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the entity that possesses the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that are significant to it. The principal entities in which we possess a variable interest include franchise entities, the advertising funds (see note 4), and our equity method investees. We do not possess any ownership interests in franchise entities, except for our investments in various entities that are accounted for under the equity method or are otherwise consolidated. Additionally, we generally do not provide financial support to franchise entities in a typical franchise relationship. As our franchise and license arrangements provide our franchisee and licensee entities the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact their economic performance, we do not consider ourselves the primary beneficiary of any such entity that might be a VIE. Based on the results of our analysis of potential VIEs, we have not consolidated any franchise entities, with the exception of those noted below. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss resulting from involvement with potential franchise VIEs is attributable to aged trade and notes receivable balances, outstanding loan guarantees (see note 17(b)), and future lease payments due from franchisees (see note 11). |
During fiscal year 2014, the Company entered into a temporary management agreement (“TMA”), under which the Company manages the operations of ten restaurants owned by a franchisee for a period up to two years. Based on the terms of the TMA, the Company has determined that the related franchisee is a VIE in which the Company is the primary beneficiary, and therefore, has consolidated the results of this franchisee. As of December 27, 2014, the consolidated balance sheet included $663 thousand of property and equipment, net, $1.1 million of goodwill, $1.4 million of long-term debt, and $355 thousand of other net liabilities for the franchise entity. |
The Company holds a 51% interest in a limited partnership that owns and operates Dunkin' Donuts restaurants in the Dallas, Texas area. The Company possesses control of this entity and, therefore, consolidates the results of the limited partnership. During fiscal year 2013, the Company amended the partnership agreement with the noncontrolling owners to provide the noncontrolling owners the option in early 2017 to sell their entire interest to the Company. As a result of the amendment, the partnership agreement now contains a redemption feature that is not currently redeemable, but it is probable to become redeemable in the future. As such, the Company reclassified the noncontrolling interests in fiscal year 2013 to temporary equity (between liabilities and stockholders’ equity) in the consolidated balance sheets. The net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest are presented separately in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, respectively. As of December 27, 2014, the consolidated balance sheets included $2.9 million of cash and cash equivalents and $10.9 million of property and equipment, net for this partnership entity, which may be used only to settle obligations of the partnership. |
Accounting Estimates | Accounting estimates |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and for the period then ended. Significant estimates are made in the calculations and assessments of the following: (a) allowance for doubtful accounts and notes receivables, (b) impairment of tangible and intangible assets, (c) income taxes, (d) share-based compensation, (e) lease accounting estimates, (f) gift certificate breakage, and (g) contingencies. Estimates are based on historical experience, current conditions, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities when they are not readily apparent from other sources. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |
The Company continually monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of, the financial institutions in which it maintains its deposits and investments. As of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013, we maintained balances in various cash accounts in excess of federally insured limits. All highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents. |
Cash held related to the advertising funds and the Company’s gift card/certificate programs are classified as unrestricted cash as there are no legal restrictions on the use of these funds; however, the Company intends to use these funds solely to support the advertising funds and gift card/certificate programs rather than to fund operations. Total cash balances related to the advertising funds and gift card/certificate programs as of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013 were $136.2 million and $134.5 million, respectively. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair value of financial instruments |
The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, notes and other receivables, assets and liabilities related to the advertising funds, accounts payable, and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of their short-term nature. For long-term receivables, we review the creditworthiness of the counterparty on a quarterly basis, and adjust the carrying value as necessary. We believe the carrying value of long-term receivables of $3.1 million and $5.3 million as of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013, respectively, approximates fair value. |
Financial assets and liabilities are categorized, based on the inputs to the valuation technique, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to the quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and lowest priority to unobservable inputs. Observable market data, when available, is required to be used in making fair value measurements. When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. |
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013 are summarized as follows (in thousands): |
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| 27-Dec-14 | | 28-Dec-13 |
| Quoted prices | | Significant | | Total | | Quoted prices | | Significant | | Total |
in active | other | in active | other |
markets for | observable | markets for | observable |
identical assets | inputs | identical assets | inputs |
(Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 1) | (Level 2) |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mutual funds | $ | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,012 | | | — | | | 1,012 | |
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Company-owned life insurance | — | | | 2,975 | | | 2,975 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
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Interest rate swaps | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 10,221 | | | 10,221 | |
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Total assets | $ | — | | | 2,975 | | | 2,975 | | | 1,012 | | | 10,221 | | | 11,233 | |
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Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred compensation liabilities | $ | — | | | 8,488 | | | 8,488 | | | — | | | 7,181 | | | 7,181 | |
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Total liabilities | $ | — | | | 8,488 | | | 8,488 | | | — | | | 7,181 | | | 7,181 | |
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The deferred compensation liabilities relate primarily to the Dunkin’ Brands, Inc. Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (“NQDC Plan”), which allows for pre-tax salary deferrals for certain qualifying employees (see note 18). Changes in the fair value of the deferred compensation liabilities are derived using quoted prices in active markets of the asset selections made by the participants. The deferred compensation liabilities are classified within Level 2, as defined under U.S. GAAP, because their inputs are derived principally from observable market data by correlation to hypothetical investments. The Company holds assets, which may include, company-owned life insurance policies and mutual funds, to partially offset the Company’s liabilities under the NQDC Plan as well as other benefit plans. The changes in the fair value of any company-owned life insurance policies are derived using determinable cash surrender value. As such, the company-owned life insurance policies are classified within Level 2, as defined under U.S. GAAP. The changes in the fair value of any mutual funds were derived using quoted prices in active markets for the specific funds. As such, the mutual funds were classified within Level 1, as defined under U.S. GAAP. |
The Company used readily available market data to value its interest rate swaps, such as interest rate curves and discount factors. Additionally, the fair value of derivatives included consideration of credit risk in the valuation. The Company used a potential future exposure model to estimate this credit valuation adjustment (“CVA”). The inputs to the CVA were largely based on observable market data, with the exception of certain assumptions regarding credit worthiness which make the CVA a Level 3 input, as defined under U.S. GAAP. As the magnitude of the CVA was not a significant component of the fair value of the interest rate swaps as of December 28, 2013, it was not considered a significant input and the derivatives were classified as Level 2. |
The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt as of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013 were as follows (in thousands): |
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| December 27, 2014 | | December 28, 2013 | | | | | | |
Financial liabilities | Carrying | | Estimated | | Carrying | | Estimated | | | | | | |
value | fair value | value | fair value | | | | | | |
Term loans | $ | 1,810,933 | | | 1,778,066 | | | 1,823,609 | | | 1,836,212 | | | | | | | |
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The estimated fair value of our term loans is based on current bid prices for our term loans. Judgment is required to develop these estimates. As such, our term loans are classified within Level 2, as defined under U.S. GAAP. |
Inventories | Inventories |
Inventories consist primarily of ice cream products sold to certain international markets that are in-transit from our third-party manufacturer to our international licensees, during which time we hold title to such products. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value, and cost is generally determined based on the actual cost of the specific inventory sold. Inventories are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. |
Assets Held for Sale | Assets held for sale |
Assets held for sale primarily represent costs incurred by the Company for store equipment and leasehold improvements constructed for sale to franchisees, as well as restaurants formerly operated by franchisees waiting to be resold. The value of such restaurants and related assets is reduced to reflect net recoverable values, with such reductions recorded to general and administrative expenses, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Generally, internal specialists estimate the amount to be recovered from the sale of such assets based on their knowledge of the (a) market in which the store is located, (b) results of the Company’s previous efforts to dispose of similar assets, and (c) current economic conditions. The actual cost of such assets held for sale is affected by specific factors such as the nature, age, location, and condition of the assets, as well as the economic environment and inflation. |
We classify restaurants and their related assets as held for sale and suspend depreciation and amortization when (a) we make a decision to refranchise or sell the property, (b) the stores are available for immediate sale, (c) we have begun an active program to locate a buyer, (d) significant changes to the plan of sale are not likely, and (e) the sale is probable within one year. Assets held for sale are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. |
Property and Equipment | Property and equipment |
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the remaining lease term of the related asset. Estimated useful lives are as follows: |
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| Years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Buildings | 20 – 35 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Leasehold improvements | 5 – 20 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Store, production, and other equipment and software | 3 – 10 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Routine maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements, additions, or replacements that extend the life, increase capacity, or improve the safety or the efficiency of property are capitalized at cost and depreciated. Major improvements to leased property are capitalized as leasehold improvements and depreciated. Interest costs incurred during the acquisition period of capital assets are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset and depreciated. |
Leases | Leases |
When determining lease terms, we begin with the point at which the Company obtains control and possession of the leased properties. We include option periods for which failure to renew the lease imposes a penalty on the Company in such an amount that the renewal appears, at the inception of the lease, to be reasonably assured, which generally includes option periods through the end of the related franchise agreement term. We also include any rent holidays in the determination of the lease term. |
We record rent expense and rent income for leases and subleases, respectively, that contain scheduled rent increases on a straight-line basis over the lease term as defined above. In certain cases, contingent rentals are based on sales levels of our franchisees, in excess of stipulated amounts. Contingent rentals are included in rent income and rent expense as they are earned or accrued, respectively. |
We occasionally provide to our sublessees, or receive from our landlords, tenant improvement dollars. Tenant improvement dollars paid to our sublessees are recorded as a deferred rent asset. For fixed asset and/or leasehold purchases for which we receive tenant improvement dollars from our landlords, we record the property and equipment and/or leasehold improvements gross and establish a deferred rent obligation. The deferred lease assets and obligations are amortized on a straight-line basis over the determined sublease and lease terms, respectively. |
Management regularly reviews sublease arrangements, where we are the lessor, for losses on sublease arrangements. We recognize a loss, discounted using credit-adjusted risk-free rates, when costs expected to be incurred under an operating prime lease exceed the anticipated future revenue stream of the operating sublease. Furthermore, for properties where we do not currently have an operational franchise or other third-party sublessee and are under long-term lease agreements, the present value of any remaining liability under the lease, discounted using credit-adjusted risk-free rates and net of estimated sublease recovery, is recognized as a liability and charged to operations at the time we cease use of the property. The value of any equipment and leasehold improvements related to a closed store is assessed for potential impairment (see note 2(j)). |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of long-lived assets |
Long-lived assets that are used in operations are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable through undiscounted future cash flows. Recognition and measurement of a potential impairment is performed on assets grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level where identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. An impairment loss is the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair value is generally estimated by internal specialists based on the present value of anticipated future cash flows or, if required, by independent third-party valuation specialists, depending on the nature of the assets or asset group. |
Equity method investments | Equity method investments |
The Company's equity method investments consist of interests in B-R 31 Ice Cream Co., Ltd. (“BR Japan”), BR-Korea Co., Ltd. (“BR Korea”), Coffee Alliance, S.L. (“Spain JV”), and Palm Oasis Pty. Ltd. (“Australia JV”), which are accounted for in accordance with the equity method. As a result of the acquisition of the Company by three private equity firms on March 1, 2006 (“BCT Acquisition”), the Company has recorded a step-up in the basis of our investment in BR Japan. The basis difference is comprised of amortizable franchise rights and related tax liabilities and nonamortizable goodwill. The franchise rights and related tax liabilities are amortized in a manner that reflects the estimated benefits from the use of the intangible asset over a period of 14 years. The franchise rights were valued based on an estimate of future cash flows to be generated from the ongoing management of the contracts over their remaining useful lives. |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | Goodwill and other intangible assets |
Goodwill and trade names (“indefinite-lived intangibles”) have been assigned to our reporting units, which are also our operating segments, for purposes of impairment testing. All of our reporting units have indefinite-lived intangibles associated with them. |
We evaluate the remaining useful life of our trade names to determine whether current events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. In addition, all of our indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually. We first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that a trade name is impaired. In the event we were to determine that the carrying value of a trade name would more likely than not exceed its fair value, quantitative testing would be performed. Quantitative testing consists of a comparison of the fair value of each trade name with its carrying value, with any excess of carrying value over fair value being recognized as an impairment loss. For goodwill, we first perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not greater than the carrying amount. In the event we were to determine that a reporting unit's carrying value would more likely than not exceed its fair value, quantitative testing would be performed which consists of a comparison of each reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value. The fair value of a reporting unit is an estimate of the amount for which the unit as a whole could be sold in a current transaction between willing parties. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is written down to its implied fair value. We have selected the first day of our fiscal third quarter as the date on which to perform our annual impairment test for all indefinite-lived intangible assets. We also test for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of such indefinite-lived intangibles has been impaired. |
Other intangible assets consist primarily of franchise and international license rights (“franchise rights”), ice cream distribution and territorial franchise agreement license rights (“license rights”), and operating lease interests acquired related to our prime leases and subleases (“operating leases acquired”). Franchise rights, license rights, and operating leases acquired recorded in the consolidated balance sheets were valued using an appropriate valuation method during the period of acquisition. Amortization of franchise rights, license rights, and favorable operating leases acquired is recorded as amortization expense in the consolidated statements of operations and amortized over the respective franchise, license, and lease terms using the straight-line method. |
Unfavorable operating leases acquired related to our prime and subleases are recorded in the liability section of the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized into rental expense and rental income, respectively, over the base lease term of the respective leases using the straight-line method. The weighted average amortization period for all unfavorable operating leases acquired is 17 years. |
Management makes adjustments to the carrying amount of such intangible assets and unfavorable operating leases acquired if they are deemed to be impaired using the methodology for long-lived assets (see note 2(j)), or when such license or lease agreements are reduced or terminated. |
Contingencies | Contingencies |
The Company records reserves for legal and other contingencies when information available to the Company indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Predicting the outcomes of claims and litigation and estimating the related costs and exposures involve substantial uncertainties that could cause actual costs to vary materially from estimates. Legal costs incurred in connection with legal and other contingencies are expensed as the costs are incurred. |
Foreign Currency Translation | Foreign currency translation |
We translate assets and liabilities of non-U.S. operations into U.S. dollars at rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses at the average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity, net of deferred taxes. Foreign currency translation adjustments primarily result from our equity method investments, as well as subsidiaries located in Canada, the UK, Australia, Spain, China, and Brazil. Transactions resulting in foreign exchange gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue recognition |
Franchise fees and royalty income |
Domestically, the Company sells individual franchises as well as territory agreements in the form of store development agreements (“SDAs”) that grant the right to develop restaurants in designated areas. Our franchise agreements and SDAs typically require the franchisee to pay an initial nonrefundable fee and continuing fees, or royalty income, based upon a percentage of sales. The franchisee will typically pay us a renewal fee if we approve a renewal of the franchise agreement. Such fees are paid by franchisees to obtain the rights associated with these franchise agreements or SDAs. Initial franchise fee revenue is recognized upon substantial completion of the services required of the Company as stated in the franchise agreement, which is generally upon opening of the respective restaurant. Fees collected in advance are deferred until earned, with deferred amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within one year classified as current deferred income in the consolidated balance sheets. Royalty income is based on a percentage of franchisee gross sales and is recognized when earned, which occurs at the franchisees’ point of sale. Renewal fees are recognized when a renewal agreement with a franchisee becomes effective. Occasionally, the Company offers incentive programs to franchisees in conjunction with a franchise agreement, SDA, or renewal agreement and, when appropriate, records the costs of such programs as reductions of revenue. |
For our international business, we sell master territory and/or license agreements that typically allow the master licensee to either act as the franchisee or to sub-franchise to other operators. Master license and territory fees are generally recognized upon substantial completion of the services required of the Company as stated in the franchise agreement, which is generally upon opening of the first restaurant or as stores are opened, depending on the specific terms of the agreement. Royalty income is based on a percentage of franchisee gross sales and is recognized when earned, which generally occurs at the franchisees’ point of sale. Renewal fees are recognized when a renewal agreement with a franchisee or licensee becomes effective. |
Rental income |
Rental income for base rentals is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term, including the amortization of any tenant improvement dollars paid (see note 2(i)). The difference between the straight-line rent amounts and amounts receivable under the leases is recorded as deferred rent assets in current or long-term assets, as appropriate. Contingent rental income is recognized as earned, and any amounts received from lessees in advance of achieving stipulated thresholds are deferred until such threshold is actually achieved. Deferred contingent rentals are recorded as deferred income in current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. |
Sales of ice cream products |
We distribute Baskin-Robbins ice cream products to Baskin-Robbins franchisees and licensees in certain international locations. Revenue from the sale of ice cream products is recognized when title and risk of loss transfers to the buyer, which was generally upon shipment through November 2012. Beginning in December 2012, title and risk of loss generally transfers to the buyer upon delivery. |
Sales at company-owned restaurants |
Retail store revenues at company-owned restaurants are recognized when payment is tendered at the point of sale, net of sales tax and other sales-related taxes. |
Other revenues |
Other revenues include fees generated by licensing our brand names and other intellectual property, as well as gains, net of losses and transactions costs, from the sales of our restaurants to new or existing franchisees. Licensing fees are recognized when earned, which is generally upon sale of the underlying products by the licensees. Gains on the refranchise or sale of a restaurant are recognized when the sale transaction closes, the franchisee has a minimum amount of the purchase price in at-risk equity, and we are satisfied that the buyer can meet its financial obligations to us. If the criteria for gain recognition are not met, we defer the gain to the extent we have any remaining financial exposure in connection with the sale transaction. Deferred gains are recognized when the gain recognition criteria are met. |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | Allowance for doubtful accounts |
We monitor the financial condition of our franchisees and licensees and record provisions for estimated losses on receivables when we believe that our franchisees or licensees are unable to make their required payments. While we use the best information available in making our determination, the ultimate recovery of recorded receivables is also dependent upon future economic events and other conditions that may be beyond our control. Included in the allowance for doubtful notes and accounts receivables is a provision for uncollectible royalty, lease, and licensing fee receivables. |
Share-Based Payment | Share-based payment |
We measure compensation cost at fair value on the date of grant for all share-based awards and recognize compensation expense over the service period that the awards are expected to vest. The Company has elected to recognize compensation cost for graded-vesting awards subject only to a service condition over the requisite service period of the entire award. |
Income Taxes | Income taxes |
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the expected future tax consequences of items that have been included in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and the respective tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that are expected to apply in years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The effects of changes in tax rates and changes in apportionment of income between tax jurisdictions on deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the year in which the law is enacted or change in apportionment occurs. Valuation allowances are provided when the Company does not believe it is more likely than not that it will realize the benefit of identified tax assets. |
A tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. A recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Estimates of interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in the provision for income taxes. |
Comprehensive Income | Comprehensive income |
Comprehensive income is primarily comprised of net income, foreign currency translation adjustments, gains and losses on interest rate swaps, and unrealized pension gains and losses, and is reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, net of taxes, for all periods presented. |
Deferred Financing Costs | Deferred financing costs |
Deferred financing costs primarily represent capitalizable costs incurred related to the issuance and refinancing of the Company’s long-term debt (see note 8). As of December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013, deferred financing costs of $11.5 million and $19.2 million, respectively, are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, and are being amortized over the remaining maturities of the debt using the effective interest rate method |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities | Derivative instruments and hedging activities |
The Company used derivative instruments to hedge interest rate risks which were terminated on December 23, 2014. These derivative contracts were entered into with financial institutions. The Company did not use derivative instruments for trading purposes and we had procedures in place to monitor and control their use. |
We recorded all derivative instruments on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value. For derivative instruments that were designated and qualified as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instruments was reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affected earnings. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument for a cash flow hedge was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations immediately. See note 9 for a discussion of our use of derivative instruments, management of credit risk inherent in derivative instruments, and fair value information. |
Gift Card/Certificate Breakage | Gift card/certificate breakage |
The Company and our franchisees sell gift cards that are redeemable for product in our Dunkin' Donuts and Baskin-Robbins restaurants. The Company manages the gift card program, and therefore collects all funds from the activation of gift cards and reimburses franchisees for the redemption of gift cards in their restaurants. A liability for unredeemed gift cards, as well as historical gift certificates sold, is included in other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. |
There are no expiration dates on our gift cards, and we do not charge any service fees. While our franchisees continue to honor all gift cards presented for payment, we may determine the likelihood of redemption to be remote for certain cards due to long periods of inactivity. In these circumstances, we may recognize income from unredeemed gift cards (“breakage income”) if they are not subject to unclaimed property laws. Based on redemption data available, breakage income for gift cards was generally recognized five years from the last date of activity on the card through the first quarter of fiscal year 2013. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2013, the Company determined that sufficient historical redemption patterns existed to revise breakage estimates related to unredeemed Dunkin’ Donuts gift cards. Based on historical redemption rates, breakage on Dunkin' Donuts gift cards is now estimated and recognized over time in proportion to actual gift card redemptions. The Company recognizes breakage as income only up to the amount of gift card program costs incurred. Any incremental breakage that exceeds gift card program costs has been committed to franchisees to fund future initiatives that will benefit the gift card program, and is recorded as gift card breakage liability within other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets (see note 10). During fiscal year 2014, the Company revised the estimated breakage rates based on historical redemption patterns related to unredeemed Dunkin’ Donuts gift cards. This change in estimated breakage rates had no impact on breakage income recognized in fiscal year 2014, but resulted in a decrease in the gift card/certificate liability and a corresponding increase in the gift card breakage liability. |
For fiscal years 2014, 2013, and 2012, total breakage income recognized on gift cards, as well as historical gift certificate programs, was $8.5 million, $10.2 million, and $7.9 million, respectively, and is recorded as a reduction to general and administrative expenses, net. Breakage income for fiscal year 2013 includes a $5.4 million recovery of historical Dunkin' Donuts gift card program costs incurred prior to fiscal year 2013. Breakage income for fiscal year 2012 includes $3.5 million related to historical Baskin-Robbins gift certificates as a result of shifting to gift cards, and represents the balance of gift certificates for which the Company believes the likelihood of redemption by the customer is remote based on historical redemption patterns. |
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of credit risk |
The Company is subject to credit risk through its accounts receivable consisting primarily of amounts due from franchisees and licensees for franchise fees, royalty income, and sales of ice cream products. In addition, we have note and lease receivables from certain of our franchisees and licensees. The financial condition of these franchisees and licensees is largely dependent upon the underlying business trends of our brands and market conditions within the quick service restaurant industry. This concentration of credit risk is mitigated, in part, by the large number of franchisees and licensees of each brand and the short-term nature of the franchise and license fee and lease receivables. At December 27, 2014 and December 28, 2013, one master licensee, including its majority-owned subsidiaries, accounted for approximately 19% and 17%, respectively, of total accounts and notes receivable, which was due primarily to the timing of orders and shipments of ice cream to the master licensee. For fiscal year 2014, one master licensee, including its majority-owned subsidiaries, accounted for approximately 10% of total revenues. No individual franchisee or master licensee accounted for more than 10% of total revenues for fiscal years 2013 or 2012. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent accounting pronouncements |
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new guidance for revenue recognition related to contracts with customers, except for contracts within the scope of other standards, which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance. The new guidance provides a single framework in which revenue is required to be recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance is effective for the Company in fiscal year 2017 and early adoption is not permitted. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this new standard will have on the Company's accounting policies, consolidated financial statements, and related disclosures, and has not yet selected a transition method. |
Reclassifications | Reclassifications |
The Company has revised the presentation of certain income generating transactions, including gains on the sale of real estate and company-owned restaurants, that historically were recorded within general and administrative expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Income from these transactions totaling $2.8 million and $2.3 million have been reclassified into other operating income, net, for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2013 and December 29, 2012, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations to conform to the current year presentation. There was no impact to total revenues, operating income, income before income taxes, or net income as a result of these reclassifications. |
The Company has also revised the presentation of certain asset captions within the consolidated balance sheets to conform to the current period presentation, including combining 'assets held for sale' with 'prepaid expenses and other current assets' and combining 'restricted cash' with 'other assets'. The revisions had no impact on total current assets or total assets. |
Additionally, the Company has revised the presentation of certain captions for prior periods within the consolidated statements of cash flows to conform to the current period presentation. The revisions had no impact on net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, or financing activities. |
Subsequent Events | Subsequent events |
Subsequent events have been evaluated up through the date that these consolidated financial statements were filed. |