Palisade Bio (PALI) 10-K 14 Mar 16 2015 FY Annual report Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Mar. 01, 2016	Jun. 30, 2015
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2015
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Registrant Name	Neuralstem, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	1,357,459
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Public Float			$ 168,902,179
Trading Symbol	CUR
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		92,044,042

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 4,716,533	$ 12,518,980
Short term investments	7,517,453	15,007,478
Trade and other receivables	37,316	225,524
Deferred financing fees, current portion	89,562	135,694
Prepaid expenses	1,159,782	274,106
Total current assets	13,520,646	28,161,782
Property and equipment, net	343,200	301,265
Patents, net	1,103,467	1,233,172
Deferred financing fees, net of current portion	9,154	89,143
Other assets	71,797	58,713
Total assets	15,048,264	29,844,075
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	1,455,826	2,504,978
Accrued bonuses	161,362	646,960
Current portion of long-term debt, net of discount	4,634,742	730,012
Other current liabilities	263,104	126,745
Total current liabilities	6,515,034	4,008,695
Long-term debt, net of discount and current portion	3,391,808	8,056,470
Other long term liabilities	174,144	59,574
Total liabilities	10,080,986	12,124,739
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)	0	0
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, 7,000,000 shares authorized, zero shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300 million shares authorized, 92,005,705 and 87,789,679 shares issued and outstanding in 2015 and 2014, respectively	920,057	877,897
Additional paid-in capital	176,002,832	167,890,220
Accumulated other comprehensive income	3,071	6,000
Accumulated deficit	(171,958,682)	(151,054,781)
Total stockholders' equity	4,967,278	17,719,336
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 15,048,264	$ 29,844,075

Consolidated Balance Sheets _Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets [Parenthetical] - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Preferred stock, shares authorized	7,000,000	7,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued	92,005,705	87,789,679
Common stock, shares outstanding	92,005,705	87,789,679

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Revenues	$ 10,417	$ 18,833	$ 110,000
Operating expenses:
Research and development costs	12,637,278	8,361,559	7,285,752
General and administrative expenses	6,529,667	9,093,123	5,348,189
Total operating expenses	19,166,945	17,454,682	12,633,941
Operating loss	(19,156,528)	(17,435,849)	(12,523,941)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	69,549	67,651	68,000
Interest expense	(1,816,206)	(1,620,776)	(1,394,274)
Warrant modification expense	0	(3,109,850)	(5,017,156)
Loss from change in fair value of derivative instruments	0	(334,133)	(965,329)
Loss on debt extinguisment	0	(445,787)	0
Other expense	(716)	0	0
Litigation settlement	0	250,000	838
Total other income (expense)	(1,747,373)	(5,192,895)	(7,307,921)
Net loss	$ (20,903,901)	$ (22,628,744)	$ (19,831,862)
Net loss per share - basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.23)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.27)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted (in shares)	90,866,938	87,086,345	72,279,210
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (20,903,901)	$ (22,628,744)	$ (19,831,862)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(2,929)	(1,241)	7,241
Comprehensive loss	$ (20,906,830)	$ (22,629,985)	$ (19,824,621)

Consolidated Statements of Chan

Consolidated Statements of Changes In Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012	$ 6,972,633	$ 681,893	$ 114,884,915	$ 0	$ (108,594,175)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012		68,189,314
Share based payments	1,665,155	$ 0	1,665,155	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net	6,032,306	$ 53,029	5,979,277	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net (in shares)		5,302,935
Issuance of common stock and replacement warrants as inducement for warrant exercises	5,017,156	$ 724	5,016,432	0	0
Issuance of common stock and replacement warrants as inducement for warrant exercises (in shares)		72,440
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares	1,506,748	$ 3,329	1,503,419	0	0
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares (in shares)		332,848
Issuance of common stock for restricted stock awards	7,048,822	$ 39,885	7,008,937	0	0
Issuance of common stock for restricted stock awards (in shares)		3,988,494
Foreign currency translation adjustments	7,241			7,241
Net loss	(19,831,862)	$ 0	0	0	(19,831,862)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	8,418,199	$ 778,860	136,058,135	7,241	(128,426,037)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2013		77,886,031
Share based payments	4,318,994	$ 0	4,318,994	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net	1,000,000	$ 8,060	991,940	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net (in shares)		805,972
Issuance of common stock and replacement warrants as inducement for warrant exercises	1,307,991	$ 19,476	1,288,515	0	0
Issuance of common stock and replacement warrants as inducement for warrant exercises (in shares)		1,947,535
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares	19,560,434	$ 71,220	19,489,214	0	0
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares (in shares)		7,122,022
Reclassification of warrant classified as derivative liability	1,704,097	$ 0	1,704,097	0	0
Modification of executive warrant	3,109,850	0	3,109,850	0	0
Issuance of common stock and warrants in conjunction with debt amendment, net	929,756	$ 281	929,475	0	0
Issuance of common stock and warrants in conjunction with debt amendment, net (in shares)		28,119
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,241)	$ 0	0	(1,241)	0
Net loss	(22,628,744)	0	0	0	(22,628,744)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	17,719,336	$ 877,897	167,890,220	6,000	(151,054,781)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2014		87,789,679
Share based payments	2,951,367	$ 0	2,951,367	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net	3,073,535	$ 17,246	3,056,289	0	0
Issuance of common stock for warrant exercises, net (in shares)		1,724,606
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares	(802,054)	$ 12,512	(814,566)	0	0
Issuance of common stock and warrants for professional services, net of forfeited shares (in shares)		1,251,189
Modification of executive warrant	0	$ 0	0	0	0
Issuance of common stock from vested restricted stock units	0	$ 4,278	(4,278)	0	0
Issuance of common stock from vested restricted stock units (in shares)		427,808
Issuance of common stock for restricted stock awards	2,931,924	$ 8,124	2,923,800	0	0
Issuance of common stock for restricted stock awards (in shares)		812,423
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(2,929)	$ 0	0	(2,929)	0
Net loss	(20,903,901)	0	0	0	(20,903,901)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 4,967,278	$ 920,057	$ 176,002,832	$ 3,071	$ (171,958,682)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		92,005,705

Consolidated Statements of Cha6

Consolidated Statements of Changes In Stockholders' Equity [Parenthetical] - Warrants Exercised [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Stock Issued During Period Price Per Share New Issues		$ 113,200
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Stock Issued, Issuance Costs		$ 534,825
Payments of Stock Issuance Costs	$ 113,200

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (20,903,901)	$ (22,628,744)	$ (19,831,862)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	345,460	348,630	244,725
Share based compensation expenses	2,951,367	4,320,073	2,331,401
Amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discount	870,530	829,632	694,175
Warrant modification expense	0	3,109,850	5,017,156
Loss from change in fair value of warrant obligations	0	334,133	965,329
Loss on debt extinguishment	0	445,787	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables	188,208	(215,524)	(6,667)
Prepaid expenses	(840,772)	191,263	125,470
Other assets	(13,998)	6,141	(5,183)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(1,045,765)	1,382,447	(116,750)
Accrued bonuses	(485,598)	181,092	3
Other current liabilities	253,427	(2,206)	2,469
Other long term liabilities	(250,624)	(9,262)	(11,883)
Net cash used in operating activities	(18,931,666)	(11,706,688)	(10,591,617)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of short-term investments	(7,517,453)	(25,007,478)	0
Maturity of short-term investments	15,007,478	10,000,000	0
Patent costs	(67,312)	(348,455)	(411,688)
Purchase of property and equipment	(176,272)	(207,893)	(125,362)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	7,246,441	(15,563,826)	(537,050)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from warrants exercised, net	3,073,535	1,794,865	6,107,842
Proceeds from sale of common stock and warrants, net of issuance costs	2,931,924	19,467,857	7,048,822
Payments of taxes on stock option exercises	(802,054)	(426,212)	0
Proceeds from long-term debt transactions, net of issuance costs	0	4,212,561	7,551,329
Payments of long term debt	(1,154,150)	(1,929,449)	0
Payment on fees for future financing	(45,000)	0	0
Payments of short term notes payable	(117,068)	(175,197)	(183,291)
Net cash provided by financing activities	3,887,187	22,944,425	20,524,702
Effects of exchange rates on cash	(4,409)	(983)	6,244
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(7,802,447)	(4,327,072)	9,402,279
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	12,518,980	16,846,052	7,443,773
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	4,716,533	12,518,980	16,846,052
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	954,746	762,910	624,321
Cash paid for income taxes	0	0	0
Supplemental schedule of non cash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock for cashless exercise of warrants and options	1,981,945	1,208,653	587,500
Issuance of common stock for conversion of long-term debt	0	1,000,000	0
Financing of insurance premiums through note payable	0	210,722	183,472
Issuance of common stock and warrants for fees related to debt transactions	0	159,954	848,421
Issuance of warrants for vendor services	$ 0	$ 0	$ 658,326

Organization and Business

Organization and Business	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 1: Organization and Business Nature of business Neuralstem, Inc. and its subsidiary are referred to as “Neuralstem,” the “Company,” “us,” or “we” throughout this report. Beginning in 2013, our investment in, and the operations of, our wholly-owned and controlled subsidiary located in China are consolidated in our consolidated financial statements; previously, all investments in China were expensed as incurred. The impacts of this change were not material to any period presented. Neuralstem is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that is utilizing its proprietary human neural stem cell technology to create a comprehensive platform for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. The Company has utilized this technology as a tool for small-molecule drug discovery and to create cell therapy biotherapeutics to treat central nervous system diseases. The Company was founded in 1997 and currently has laboratory and office space in Germantown, Maryland and laboratory facilities in San Diego, California, Chicago, Illinois, and in the People’s Republic of China. Our operations to date have been directed primarily toward developing business strategies, raising capital, research and development activities, and conducting pre-clinical testing and human clinical trials of our product candidates and recruiting personnel. Liquidity The Company has incurred losses since its inception and has not demonstrated an ability to generate revenues from sales or services and have not yet achieved profitable operations. There is no assurance that profitable operations will ever be achieved, or if achieved, could be sustained on a continuing basis. In addition, development activities, clinical and pre-clinical testing, and commercialization of our products will require significant additional financing. T hese factors create substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Our cash, cash equivalents and short term investments balance at December 31, 2015 was approximately $ 12,234,000 to fund our operations for the next five to six months from that date. Our ability to continue as a going concern is wholly dependent upon obtaining sufficient financing to fund our operations. Management is in ongoing discussions regarding various financing options with financial institutions and believes that it will receive cash adequate to fund operations through December 31, 2016. Despite our ability to secure capital in the past, there is no assurance that additional equity or debt financing will be available to us when needed. In the event that we are not able to secure financing, we may be forced to curtail operations, delay or stop ongoing clinical trials, cease operations altogether or file for bankruptcy. We have spent and will continue to spend substantial funds in the research, development, pre-clinical and clinical testing of our small molecule and stem cell product candidates with the goal of ultimately obtaining approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) and its international equivalents, to market and sell our products. No assurance can be given that (i) FDA or other regulatory agency approval will ever be granted for us to market and sell our product candidates, or (ii) if regulatory approval is granted, that we will ever be able to sell our proposed products or be profitable. There is no assurance that profitable operations will ever be achieved, or if achieved, could be sustained on a continuing basis. In addition, development activities, clinical and pre-clinical testing, and commercialization of our products will require significant additional financing. Our long-term cash position is inadequate to fund all of the costs associated with the full range of testing and clinical trials required by the FDA and other international regulatory agencies for our core product candidates, we anticipate that our available cash and expected income will be sufficient to finance our current activities at least through June, 2016.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	Note 2: Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States if America (“U.S. GAAP”). The financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The opinion of our independent registered accounting firm on our financial statements contains explanatory going concern language. We have prepared our financial statements on the basis that we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although we believe that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. We have incurred losses since inception and have a deficit accumulated of approximately $ 172,000,000 Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The consolidated financial statements include significant estimates for the expected economic life and value of our licensed technology, our net operating loss carry forward and related valuation allowance for tax purposes and our stock-based compensation related to employees and directors, consultants and advisors, including investment banks, among other things. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. The carrying amounts of our short-term financial instruments, which primarily include cash and cash equivalents, other short-term investments, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The fair value of our long-term indebtedness is estimated based on the quoted prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities. The fair values of our derivative instruments were estimated using Level 3 unobservable inputs. See Note 3 for further details. The functional currency of our wholly owned foreign subsidiary is its local currency. Assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiary are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period; income and expense items are translated at the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments for subsidiaries that have not been sold, substantially liquidated or otherwise disposed of are accumulated in other comprehensive income or loss, a component of stockholders' equity. Transaction gains or losses are included in the determination of net loss. Cash equivalents consist of investments in low risk, highly liquid money market funds and certificates of deposit with original maturities of 90 days or less. Cash deposited with banks and other financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. If the amount of a deposit at any time exceeds the federally insured amount at a bank, the uninsured portion of the deposit could be lost, in whole or in part, if the bank were to fail. Short-term investments consist entirely of fixed income certificates of deposit (“CDs”) with original maturities of greater than 90 days and not more than one year Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our investment policy, approved by our Board of Directors, limits the amount we may invest in any one type of investment issuer, thereby reducing credit risk concentrations. In addition, our CDs are invested through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) program which reduces or eliminates our risk related to concentrations of investments above FDIC insurance levels. We limit our credit and liquidity risks through our investment policy and through regular reviews of our portfolio against our policy. To date, we have not experienced any loss or lack of access to cash in our operating accounts or to our cash equivalents and short-term investments. Historically, our revenue has been derived primarily from (i) selling treated samples for gene expression data from stem cell experiments, (ii) providing services under various contracts and grants and (iii) licensing the use of our intellectual property to third parties. Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods and services has occurred, the price is fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Research and development costs are expensed as they are incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated exclusively with the pre-clinical development and clinical trials of our product candidates. Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing total net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For periods of net income when the effects are dilutive, diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding and the dilutive impact of all dilutive potential common shares. Dilutive potential common shares consist primarily of stock options, restricted stock units and common stock purchase warrants. The dilutive impact of potential common shares resulting from common stock equivalents is determined by applying the treasury stock method. Our unvested restricted shares contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and therefore are considered to be participating securities; the calculation of basic and diluted income per share excludes net income attributable to the unvested restricted shares from the numerator and excludes the impact of the shares from the denominator. For all periods of net loss, diluted loss per share is calculated similarly to basic loss per share because the impact of all dilutive potential common shares is anti-dilutive due to the net losses; accordingly, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. A total of approximately 36.8 40.4 38.2 We account for share-based compensation at fair value. Share-based compensation cost for stock options and warrants granted to employees and board members is determined at the grant date using an option pricing model that uses level 3 unobservable inputs; share-based compensation cost for restricted stock and restricted stock units granted to employees and board members is determined at the grant date based on the closing price of our common stock on that date. The value of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. We assess impairment of our long-lived assets using a " primary asset We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of future tax benefits or liabilities on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. We also recognize a tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no material effect on the reported results of operations. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15 – Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]	Note 3: Fair Value Measurements In April 2015, the FASB issued update No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The amendment requires that all costs incurred to issue debt be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the debt. The new standard is limited to the presentation of debt issuance costs and does not affect the recognition or measurement if debt issuance costs. This update will become effective for all annual periods and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The implementation of the amended guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations and will result in a reclassification of the debt issuance costs from other long-term assets to long –term debt when adopted Fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in measuring fair value. These levels are: · Level 1 · Level 2 · Level 3 Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis We have segregated our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value into the most appropriate levels within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date. The inputs used in measuring the fair value of cash and cash equivalents are considered to be Level 1 in accordance with the three-tier fair value hierarchy. The fair market values are based on period-end statements supplied by the various banks and brokers that held the majority of the Company’s funds. The fair value of other short-term financial instruments (primarily short-term investments, accounts payable and certain accrued expenses) approximate their carrying values because of their short-term nature. The fair value of our long-term indebtedness approximates its carrying value. At January 1, 2014, we had common stock purchase warrants issued in conjunction with our March 2013 debt offering (see Note 4) that were accounted for as derivative instruments whose fair market value was determined using Level 3 inputs. These warrants were exercised in their entirety in the first quarter of 2014. We had no financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities Measure at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis We have no non-financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis We measure our long-lived assets, including property and equipment and patent assets, at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets are recognized at fair value when they are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired. No such fair value impairment was recognized in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, or 2013.

Debt

Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 4: Debt In March 2013, we entered into a loan and security agreement for an initial $ 8 2 The loan provided for interest at a variable rate based on prime with a floor of 11 300,000 7.6 In conjunction with the loan agreement, we issued the lender a five 648,809 1.0789 We also incurred expenses with various third parties in connection with the debt issuance, consisting of approximately $ 449,000 350,650 396,000 five 648,798 1.07892 The loan agreement provided for a conversion feature whereby the lender or the Company could each convert up to a maximum of $1 million in principal payments into common stock of the Company. 1 805,972 In October 2014, we entered into an agreement with the existing lender to refinance and amend the terms of our loan and security agreement. The amended loan provided for refinancing of approximately $ 5.6 4.4 10 10 435,000 2.8 4.3 ASC 470, Debt 446,000 In conjunction with the loan amendment, we issued the lender a five 75,188 2.66 We also incurred expenses with various third parties in connection with the loan amendment, consisting of approximately $ 86,000 28,119 80,000 three 58,141 2.66 At December 31, 2015, remaining principal payments due under this loan are approximately $ 4,570,000 3,766,000

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 5: Stockholders’ Equity We have granted share-based compensation awards to employees, board members and service providers. Awards may consist of common stock, restricted common stock, restricted common stock units, warrants, or stock options. Our stock options and warrants have lives of up to ten years from the grant date. The stock options and warrants vest either upon the grant date or over varying periods of time. The stock options we grant provide for option exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the common stock at the date of the grant. Restricted stock units grant the holder the right to receive fully paid common shares with various restrictions on the holder’s ability to transfer the shares. Vesting of the restricted stock units is similar to that of stock options. As of December 31, 2015, we have approximately 39.5 Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Research and development costs $ 1,394,194 $ 968,326 $ 932,200 General and administrative expenses 1,557,173 3,351,747 1,399,201 Total $ 2,951,367 $ 4,320,073 $ 2,331,401 No income tax benefit was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for stock-based compensation for the years presented due to the Company’s net loss position. Stock Options Number of Options Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate Outstanding at January 1, 2015 18,986,395 $ 1.89 5.1 $ 20,306,807 Granted 765,549 $ 3.09 Exercised (1,031,774) $ 0.54 $ 68,400 Forfeited/Expired (1,617,223) $ 1.32 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 17,102,947 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 14,118,821 $ 2.19 4.6 $ 330,000 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2015 17,099,027 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000 Range of Exercise Prices Number of Options Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate $0.50 - $1.00 5,000,000 $ 0.92 6.6 $ 550,000 $1.01 - $2.00 4,275,984 $ 1.22 6.0 - $2.01 - $3.00 2,122,669 $ 2.50 3.8 - $3.01 - $5.00 5,704,294 $ 3.60 3.4 - 17,102,947 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000 2015 2014 2013 Annual dividend - - - Expected life (in years) 4.0-6.0 4.0 - 8.5 3.0 - 6.5 Risk free interest rate 1.39%-1.78% 1.12% - 2.50% 0.29% - 2.43% Expected volatility 68.6%-71.8% 68.8% - 100.0% 65.1% - 77.5% The Company estimates the expected term using the "simplified-method" as it does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable estimate. The options granted in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 had weighted average grant date fair values of $ 1.89 , $ 1.90 1.01 2,215,000 1,814,000 1,170,000 Unrecognized compensation cost for unvested stock option awards outstanding at December 31, 2015 was approximately $ 3,449,000 1.8 RSUs We have granted restricted stock units (RSUs) that entitle the holders to receive shares of our common stock upon vesting and subject to certain restrictions regarding the exercise of the RSUs and the holders’ ability to transfer the shares received upon exercise. The fair value of RSUs granted is based upon the market price of the underlying common stock as if they were vested and issued on the date of grant. Number of Weighted- Outstanding at January 1, 2015 447,275 $ 2.18 Granted - $ - Vested and converted to common shares (219,415) $ 2.21 Forfeited (76,954) $ 2.21 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 150,906 $ 2.13 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 150,906 $ 2.13 There were no RSUs granted in 2015. The RSU granted in the years ended December 31, 2014, and 2013 had weighted average grant date fair values of $ 3.31 1.14 33,000 142,000 254,000 Unrecognized compensation cost for unvested RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2015 was $ 0 Stock Purchase Warrants Warrants to purchase common stock were issued to certain officers, directors, stockholders and service providers. We have also issued warrants in conjunction with debt offerings and equity raises and at various times replacement warrants were issued in conjunction with warrant exercises. Number of Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate Outstanding at January 1, 2015 21,422,346 $ 2.30 3.8 $ 15,984,739 Granted 150,000 $ 1.87 4.5 Exercised (1,724,606) $ 1.94 Forfeited (195,644) $ 2.02 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 19,652,096 $ 2.34 3.1 $ 309,724 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 19,577,096 $ 2.34 3.1 $ 309,724 The stock purchase warrants granted in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 had a weighted average grant date fair value of $ 1.08 , $ 2.07 0.82 Stock purchase warrants exercised in 2015, 2014, and 2013 had an intrinsic value of approximately $ 5,126,000 4,287,000 3,550,000 In 2014 we modified certain warrants held by our Chief Science Officer. Such modification extended the term of the warrants by an additional five years and resulted in an expense of approximately $ 3.1 The related stock based compensation will be recognized. Restricted Stock We have granted restricted stock to certain board members based on revised board of director year and compensation policy. Weighted- Number Average Grant of RS Date Fair Value Granted 427,808 $ 1.87 Vested (213,904) $ 1.87 Forfeited - $ 0.00 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 213,904 $ 1.87 The total intrinsic value of the units converted in 2015 was approximately $ 241,000 Common Stock In June 2014, the Company’s shareholders approved a 150,000,000 300,000,000 In January and February 2013, we issued 258,000 1.25 323,000 1.25 258,000 1.25 In March 2013, we issued 350,650 1,297,607 In May 2013, we issued 440,000 1.07 433,000 1.07 440,000 1.25 In May 2013, we issued 689,675 1.25 844,000 1.25 689,675 1.25 In May and June 2013, we issued 378,809 1.25 474,000 378,809 1.25 In May and June 2013, we issued 300,000 1.02 306,000 In July 2013, we issued 942,520 1.25 1,178,000 782,005 1.25 942,520 1.25 In July 2013, we issued 100,000 1.02 102,000 In September 2013, we issued 1,448,798 1.25 800,000 1.08 648,798 1,700,000 72,440 In September and December 2013, we issued 344,000 340,000 2.13 4,000 1.56 730,000 In September 2013, we issued 401,133 650,000 0.90 248,867 In September 2013, we completed a registered direct offering of 2,847,500 1.60 4,556,000 4,242,000 1,423,750 2.00 170,850 2.00 In November and December 2013, we issued 1,140,994 2.64 2,895,000 In January, 2014, we closed a registered direct offering of 6,872,859 2.91 20 18,630,000 3,436,435 3.64 50 5 In 2014, we issued 249,163 3.55 838,000 In 2014, we issued a total of 1,234,428 1.44 1,714,000 In 2014, we issued a total of 712,539 1,194,372 1.03 20,000 In 2014, we issued 568 In 2014, we issued 805,972 1 In October 2014, we issued 28,119 133,329 In February and March 2015, we issued 812,423 3.77 2,932,000 In 2015, we issued a total of 1,724,606 1.94 3,056,000 In 2015, we issued a total of 1,251,189 2,209,000 common stock purchase warrants, stock options and conversion of RSU’s. The warrants and options were exercised at an average price of $ 0.6157 1,158,020 or from the conversion of RSU’s In 2015, we issued 427,808

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 6: Property and Equipment The major classes of property and equipment 2015 2014 Furniture and fixtures $ 31,610 $ 22,603 Computers and office equipment 136,558 100,105 Leasehold improvements 40,290 Lab equipment 763,293 661,789 971,751 784,497 Less accumulated depreciation (628,551) (483,232) Property and equipment, net $ 343,200 $ 301,265 The above includes approximately $ 73,000 148,000 137,000 126,000

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 7: Intangible Assets The Company holds patents related to its stem cell and small molecule technologies. Patent costs are capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the patents. The weighted average remaining unamortized life of issued patents was approximately 9.8 Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, no significant impairment losses were recognized. 2015 2014 Patent asset $ 1,887,798 $ 1,822,037 Accumulated Amortization $ (784,331) $ (588,865) Net Intagibles $ 1,103,467 $ 1,233,172 Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was approximately $ 197,000 211,000 119,000 The expected average future annual amortization expense over the next five years is approximately $ 144,000

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 8: Income Taxes Our provision for income taxes for 2015, 2014, and 2013 consists of the following: 2015 2014 2013 Current provision: Federal $ - $ - $ - State - - - Foreign - - - Total current provision - - - Deferred provision (benefit): Federal (6,645,222) (5,563,694) (4,436,239) State (955,515) (61,835) 502,696 Foreign - - - Total deferred provision (benefit) (7,600,737) (5,625,529) (3,933,543) Valuation allowance 7,600,737 5,625,529 3,933,543 Consolidated income tax provision $ - $ - $ - We provide a full valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets because management has determined that it is more likely than not that we will not earn income sufficient to realize the deferred tax assets during the asset reversal periods. 2015 2014 2013 Federal statutory rate (34.0) % (34.0) % (34.0) % State income taxes, net of Federal benefits (4.3) % (4.5) % (5.3) % Warrant modification/inducement expense 0.0 % 5.3 % 9.9 % Other 1.4 % 8.3 % 9.5 % Valuation allowance 36.9 % 24.9 % 19.9 % Total 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 2015 2014 Net operating loss carryforwards $ 39,555,984 $ 36,008,206 Stock based compensation expense 10,659,107 11,183,210 Tax credit carryforwards and other 5,717,023 1,139,961 55,932,114 48,331,377 Valuation allowance (55,932,114) (48,331,377) Net deferred tax assets $ - $ - The Company had Federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards of approximately $ 113.7 95.4 expire through 2035 to 2012

Selected Quarterly Data

Selected Quarterly Data	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Financial Information [Text Block]	Note 9 Selected Quarterly Data (Unaudited) The following represents the Company’s unaudited quarterly results for the years ended December 31: Quarter Ended 2015 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Revenues $ 2,917 $ 2,500 $ 2,500 $ 2,500 Operating loss $ (4,612,980) $ (4,994,722) $ (5,197,520) $ (4,351,306) Net loss $ (5,053,145) $ (5,448,037) $ (5,637,568) $ (4,765,151) Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.06) $ (0.06) $ (0.06) $ (0.05) Quarter Ended 2014 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Revenues $ 4,167 $ 5,000 $ 5,000 $ 4,666 Operating loss $ (5,176,901) $ (3,511,238) $ (4,106,745) $ (4,640,965) Net loss $ (5,919,057) $ (6,751,282) $ (4,455,237) $ (5,503,168) Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.07) $ (0.08) $ (0.05) $ (0.06) The sum of the quarterly per share amounts does not equal the annual amounts due to changes in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 10 Commitments and Contingencies We currently operate two facilities located in the United States and one facility located in China. Our corporate offices and primary research facilities are located in Germantown, Maryland, where we license approximately 2,900 10,200 December 31, 2016 In 2015, we entered into a lease consisting of approximately 3,100 11,000 August 31, 2018 We also lease a research facility in People’s Republic of China. This lease expires on September 30, 2018 3,200 Year Amount 2016 $ 309,286 2017 149,569 2018 143,300 2019 38,542 2020 - 2020 and thereafter - Total minimum payments $ 640,697 The Company recognized approximately $ 318,000 257,000 277,000 The Company is currently obligated under two written employment agreements with our former Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Scientific Officer (“CSO”). Both agreements terminate on October 31, 2017. Pursuant to the CEO’s agreement, he receives a salary of $440,000 per annum and in the event of termination prior to the completion of the agreement the Company would pay the CEO the greater of his remaining compensation due under the agreement or one million dollars ($1,000,000). Pursuant to the CSO’s agreement, he receives $750,000 per annum and in the event of termination prior to the completion of the agreement the Company would pay the CSO the greater of the remaining compensation due under the agreement or one million dollars ($1,000,000). 177,000 On May 7, 2008, we filed suit against StemCells, Inc., StemCells California, Inc. (collectively "StemCells") and Neurospheres Holding Ltd. in U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland, alleging that U.S. Patent No. 7,361,505 (the "'505 patent") is invalid, not infringed, and unenforceable. See Civil Action No. 08-1173. On May 13, 2008 we filed an Amended Complaint seeking declaratory judgment that U.S. Patent No. 7,155,418 (the "'418 patent") is invalid and not infringed and that certain statements made by our CEO are not trade libel or do not constitute unfair competition. On September 11, 2008, StemCells filed its answer asserting counterclaims of infringement for the '505 patent, the '418 patent, and state law claims for trade libel and unfair competition. This case was consolidated with the 2006 litigation discussed below. On July 28, 2006, StemCells, Inc., filed suit against Neuralstem, Inc. in the U.S. District Court in Maryland, alleging that Neuralstem has been infringing, contributing to the infringement of, and or inducing the infringement of four patents allegedly owned by or exclusively licensed to StemCells. See Civil Action No. 06-1877. We answered the Complaint denying infringement, asserting that the patents are invalid, asserting that we have intervening rights based on amendments made to the patents during reexamination proceedings, and further asserting that some of the patents are unenforceable due to inequitable conduct. Neuralstem has also asserted counterclaims that StemCells has engaged in anticompetitive conduct in violation of antitrust laws. On February 28, 2011, Neuralstem filed a Motion to Dismiss for lack of standing and concurrently filed a Motion for Leave to Amend its Answer and Counterclaim to allege that StemCells is not the exclusive licensee of the patents-in-suit and also that Neuralstem has obtained a non-exclusive license to the patents-in-suit. In addition, before the Court decided Neuralstem's Motion to Dismiss for lack of standing, StemCells filed a motion for summary judgment on the issue standing. Neuralstem responded to that motion and cross-moved for summary judgment on the issue of standing. The Court further issued its Markman Order (an order ruling on the scope and meaning of disputed patent claim language regarding the patents at issue) on August 12, 2011. On August 26, 2011, StemCells moved for reconsideration of two terms construed in the Markman Order and that motion remains pending. On April 6, 2012 the Court granted Neuralstem's Motion for Leave to Amend to assert lack of standing and denied Neuralstem's Motion to Dismiss and Motion for Summary Judgment without prejudice. The Court also denied StemCells' Motion for Summary Judgment with prejudice. The Court stayed all other matters pending resolution of the question of standing. The case was then reassigned to Judge Roger W. Titus. On July 22, 2015, the Court issued its ruling on the issue of standing finding that a third-party who was not named as an inventor was a co-owner and co-inventor of the patents-in-suit. Thus, the Court determined that StemCells lacked standing to pursue its patent infringement claims against Neuralstem and the case was dismissed with prejudice. On September 10, 2015, the parties entered into a settlement agreement dismissing all claims and counterclaims with prejudice.

Transaction with Related Partie

Transaction with Related Parties	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 11: Transaction with Related Parties On March 1, 2015, Neuralstem, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a general release and waiver of claims (“General Release”) with I. Richard Garr in connection with his resignation as the Company’s chief executive officer. Mr. Garr’s employment agreement previously required the Company to pay a lump sum to Mr. Garr of $ 1,000,000 (i) the continued payment of Mr. Garr’s monthly salary immediately prior to his resignation until March 1, 2017, (ii) a lump of $ 177,000

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events [Text Block]	Note 12: Subsequent Events On February 15, 2016, The Company announced the appointment Richard Daly to the position of President and Chief Executive Officer, and as a member of the Company’s board of directors. Mr. Daly will serve as a Class III member of the Company’s Board and will be up for re-election at the Company’s 2017 annual shareholders meeting. On February 15, 2016, in connection with the hiring of Mr. Daly as discussed herein, Richard Garr ceased to serve as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, President and General Counsel. Mr. Garr will continue to serve on the Company’s board and will continue to assist the Company through a transition period. 1,000,000 177,000

Significant Accounting Polici20

Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States if America (“U.S. GAAP”). The financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The opinion of our independent registered accounting firm on our financial statements contains explanatory going concern language. We have prepared our financial statements on the basis that we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although we believe that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. We have incurred losses since inception and have a deficit accumulated of approximately $ 172,000,000
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The consolidated financial statements include significant estimates for the expected economic life and value of our licensed technology, our net operating loss carry forward and related valuation allowance for tax purposes and our stock-based compensation related to employees and directors, consultants and advisors, including investment banks, among other things. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts of our short-term financial instruments, which primarily include cash and cash equivalents, other short-term investments, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The fair value of our long-term indebtedness is estimated based on the quoted prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities. The fair values of our derivative instruments were estimated using Level 3 unobservable inputs. See Note 3 for further details.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]	Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of our wholly owned foreign subsidiary is its local currency. Assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiary are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period; income and expense items are translated at the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments for subsidiaries that have not been sold, substantially liquidated or otherwise disposed of are accumulated in other comprehensive income or loss, a component of stockholders' equity. Transaction gains or losses are included in the determination of net loss.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Credit Risk Cash equivalents consist of investments in low risk, highly liquid money market funds and certificates of deposit with original maturities of 90 days or less. Cash deposited with banks and other financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. If the amount of a deposit at any time exceeds the federally insured amount at a bank, the uninsured portion of the deposit could be lost, in whole or in part, if the bank were to fail. Short-term investments consist entirely of fixed income certificates of deposit (“CDs”) with original maturities of greater than 90 days and not more than one year Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our investment policy, approved by our Board of Directors, limits the amount we may invest in any one type of investment issuer, thereby reducing credit risk concentrations. In addition, our CDs are invested through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) program which reduces or eliminates our risk related to concentrations of investments above FDIC insurance levels. We limit our credit and liquidity risks through our investment policy and through regular reviews of our portfolio against our policy. To date, we have not experienced any loss or lack of access to cash in our operating accounts or to our cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Revenue Recognition Historically, our revenue has been derived primarily from (i) selling treated samples for gene expression data from stem cell experiments, (ii) providing services under various contracts and grants and (iii) licensing the use of our intellectual property to third parties. Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods and services has occurred, the price is fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed as they are incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated exclusively with the pre-clinical development and clinical trials of our product candidates.
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Income (Loss) per Common Share Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing total net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For periods of net income when the effects are dilutive, diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding and the dilutive impact of all dilutive potential common shares. Dilutive potential common shares consist primarily of stock options, restricted stock units and common stock purchase warrants. The dilutive impact of potential common shares resulting from common stock equivalents is determined by applying the treasury stock method. Our unvested restricted shares contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and therefore are considered to be participating securities; the calculation of basic and diluted income per share excludes net income attributable to the unvested restricted shares from the numerator and excludes the impact of the shares from the denominator. For all periods of net loss, diluted loss per share is calculated similarly to basic loss per share because the impact of all dilutive potential common shares is anti-dilutive due to the net losses; accordingly, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013. A total of approximately 36.8 40.4 38.2
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]	Share-Based Compensation We account for share-based compensation at fair value. Share-based compensation cost for stock options and warrants granted to employees and board members is determined at the grant date using an option pricing model that uses level 3 unobservable inputs; share-based compensation cost for restricted stock and restricted stock units granted to employees and board members is determined at the grant date based on the closing price of our common stock on that date. The value of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Intangible and Long-Lived Assets We assess impairment of our long-lived assets using a " primary asset
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of future tax benefits or liabilities on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. We also recognize a tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.
Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no material effect on the reported results of operations.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Significant New Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15 – Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Activity [Table Text Block]	We record share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Share-based compensation expense included in the statements of operations was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Research and development costs $ 1,394,194 $ 968,326 $ 932,200 General and administrative expenses 1,557,173 3,351,747 1,399,201 Total $ 2,951,367 $ 4,320,073 $ 2,331,401
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]	A summary of stock option activity and related information for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows: Number of Options Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate Outstanding at January 1, 2015 18,986,395 $ 1.89 5.1 $ 20,306,807 Granted 765,549 $ 3.09 Exercised (1,031,774) $ 0.54 $ 68,400 Forfeited/Expired (1,617,223) $ 1.32 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 17,102,947 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 14,118,821 $ 2.19 4.6 $ 330,000 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2015 17,099,027 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, by Exercise Price Range [Table Text Block]	Range of Exercise Prices Number of Options Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate $0.50 - $1.00 5,000,000 $ 0.92 6.6 $ 550,000 $1.01 - $2.00 4,275,984 $ 1.22 6.0 - $2.01 - $3.00 2,122,669 $ 2.50 3.8 - $3.01 - $5.00 5,704,294 $ 3.60 3.4 - 17,102,947 $ 2.08 5.0 $ 550,000
Schedule Of Share Based Payment Award Stock Options Valuation Assumptions Black Sholes Model [Table Text Block]	The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for “plain vanilla” options and other pricing models as appropriate to calculate the fair value of options. Significant assumptions used in these models include: 2015 2014 2013 Annual dividend - - - Expected life (in years) 4.0-6.0 4.0 - 8.5 3.0 - 6.5 Risk free interest rate 1.39%-1.78% 1.12% - 2.50% 0.29% - 2.43% Expected volatility 68.6%-71.8% 68.8% - 100.0% 65.1% - 77.5%
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock Units Award Activity [Table Text Block]	A summary of our RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows: Number of Weighted- Outstanding at January 1, 2015 447,275 $ 2.18 Granted - $ - Vested and converted to common shares (219,415) $ 2.21 Forfeited (76,954) $ 2.21 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 150,906 $ 2.13 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 150,906 $ 2.13
Schedule Of Share Based Compensation Warrant Activity [Table Text Block]	A summary of warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows: Number of Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate Outstanding at January 1, 2015 21,422,346 $ 2.30 3.8 $ 15,984,739 Granted 150,000 $ 1.87 4.5 Exercised (1,724,606) $ 1.94 Forfeited (195,644) $ 2.02 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 19,652,096 $ 2.34 3.1 $ 309,724 Exercisable at December 31, 2015 19,577,096 $ 2.34 3.1 $ 309,724
Restricted Stock [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Activity [Table Text Block]	A summary of our restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 is as follows: Weighted- Number Average Grant of RS Date Fair Value Granted 427,808 $ 1.87 Vested (213,904) $ 1.87 Forfeited - $ 0.00 Outstanding at December 31, 2015 213,904 $ 1.87

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]	The major classes of property and equipment 2015 2014 Furniture and fixtures $ 31,610 $ 22,603 Computers and office equipment 136,558 100,105 Leasehold improvements 40,290 Lab equipment 763,293 661,789 971,751 784,497 Less accumulated depreciation (628,551) (483,232) Property and equipment, net $ 343,200 $ 301,265

Intangible Assets (Tables)

Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Table Text Block]	The Company’s intangible assets and accumulated amortization consisted of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014: 2015 2014 Patent asset $ 1,887,798 $ 1,822,037 Accumulated Amortization $ (784,331) $ (588,865) Net Intagibles $ 1,103,467 $ 1,233,172

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]	Our provision for income taxes for 2015, 2014, and 2013 consists of the following: 2015 2014 2013 Current provision: Federal $ - $ - $ - State - - - Foreign - - - Total current provision - - - Deferred provision (benefit): Federal (6,645,222) (5,563,694) (4,436,239) State (955,515) (61,835) 502,696 Foreign - - - Total deferred provision (benefit) (7,600,737) (5,625,529) (3,933,543) Valuation allowance 7,600,737 5,625,529 3,933,543 Consolidated income tax provision $ - $ - $ -
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]	The difference between income taxes computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to consolidated losses before income taxes and the consolidated provision for income taxes is attributable to the following: 2015 2014 2013 Federal statutory rate (34.0) % (34.0) % (34.0) % State income taxes, net of Federal benefits (4.3) % (4.5) % (5.3) % Warrant modification/inducement expense 0.0 % 5.3 % 9.9 % Other 1.4 % 8.3 % 9.5 % Valuation allowance 36.9 % 24.9 % 19.9 % Total 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 %
Schedule Of Deferred Tax Assets [Table Text Block]	The tax effects of significant temporary differences representing deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014: 2015 2014 Net operating loss carryforwards $ 39,555,984 $ 36,008,206 Stock based compensation expense 10,659,107 11,183,210 Tax credit carryforwards and other 5,717,023 1,139,961 55,932,114 48,331,377 Valuation allowance (55,932,114) (48,331,377) Net deferred tax assets $ - $ -

Selected Quarterly Data (Tables

Selected Quarterly Data (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information [Table Text Block]	Quarter Ended 2015 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Revenues $ 2,917 $ 2,500 $ 2,500 $ 2,500 Operating loss $ (4,612,980) $ (4,994,722) $ (5,197,520) $ (4,351,306) Net loss $ (5,053,145) $ (5,448,037) $ (5,637,568) $ (4,765,151) Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.06) $ (0.06) $ (0.06) $ (0.05) Quarter Ended 2014 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Revenues $ 4,167 $ 5,000 $ 5,000 $ 4,666 Operating loss $ (5,176,901) $ (3,511,238) $ (4,106,745) $ (4,640,965) Net loss $ (5,919,057) $ (6,751,282) $ (4,455,237) $ (5,503,168) Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.07) $ (0.08) $ (0.05) $ (0.06)

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments for Capital Leases [Table Text Block]	Future minimum payments under all leases at December 31, 2015 are as follows: Year Amount 2016 $ 309,286 2017 149,569 2018 143,300 2019 38,542 2020 - 2020 and thereafter - Total minimum payments $ 640,697

Organization and Business (Deta

Organization and Business (Details Textual)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)
Organization and Business [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments, Total	$ 12,234,000

Significant Accounting Polici28

Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation (Details Textual) - USD ($) shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Policy For Maximum Maturity Days Of Investments Considered As Cash Equivalents	90 days and not more than one year
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	36.8	40.4	38.2
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Total	$ (171,958,682)	$ (151,054,781)

Debt (Details Textual)

Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2014	Mar. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount		$ 8,000,000
Debt Instrument, Unused Borrowing Capacity, Amount		$ 2,000,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate at Period End			11.00%
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		350,650
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Shares Issued				805,972
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Amount				$ 1,000,000
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment			$ 300,000
Proceeds from Debt, Net of Issuance Costs	$ 4,300,000		7,600,000
Gains (Losses) on Extinguishment of Debt	446,000		$ 0	$ (445,787)	$ 0
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Terms of Conversion Feature			The loan agreement provided for a conversion feature whereby the lender or the Company could each convert up to a maximum of $1 million in principal payments into common stock of the Company.
Debt Instrument Refinanced Loan	5,600,000
Debt Instrument Principal Amount	10,000,000
Debt Instrument Additional Principal Borrowed	$ 4,400,000
Long-term Debt, Percentage Bearing Variable Interest, Percentage Rate	10.00%
Maturity 2016 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			$ 4,570,000
Maturity 2017 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			3,766,000
April 2017 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment Terms, Balloon Payment to be Paid	$ 2,800,000
January 2016 Through March 2017 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment			$ 435,000
Warrant One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number Of Common Stock Shares Granted By Issue Of Warrants		648,809
Exercise Price Per share Of Common Stock To Be Issued Upon Conversion Of Warrants		$ 1.0789
Warrants Expiration Period		5 years
Warrant Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Payments of Debt Issuance Costs		$ 449,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		350,650
Number Of Common Stock Shares Granted By Issue Of Warrants		648,798
Exercise Price Per share Of Common Stock To Be Issued Upon Conversion Of Warrants		$ 1.07892
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 396,000
Warrants Expiration Period		5 years
Warrant Three [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number Of Common Stock Shares Granted By Issue Of Warrants	75,188
Exercise Price Per share Of Common Stock To Be Issued Upon Conversion Of Warrants	$ 2.66
Warrants Expiration Period	3 years
Warrant Four [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Payments of Debt Issuance Costs	$ 86,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	28,119
Number Of Common Stock Shares Granted By Issue Of Warrants	58,141
Exercise Price Per share Of Common Stock To Be Issued Upon Conversion Of Warrants	$ 2.66
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues	$ 80,000
Warrants Expiration Period	5 years

Stockholders' Equity (Details)

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 2,951,367	$ 4,320,073	$ 2,331,401
Research and development expenses [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	1,394,194	968,326	932,200
General and administrative expenses [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1,557,173	$ 3,351,747	$ 1,399,201

Stockholders' Equity (Details 1

Stockholders' Equity (Details 1) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Outstanding, Number of Options, at January 1, 2015	18,986,395
Granted, Number of Options	765,549
Exercised, Number of Options	(1,031,774)
Forfeited/Expired, Number of Options	(1,617,223)
Outstanding, Number of Options, at December 31, 2015	17,102,947	18,986,395
Exercisable, Number of Options, at December 31, 2015	14,118,821
Vested and expected to vest, Number of Options	17,099,027
Outstanding, Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at January 1, 2015	$ 1.89
Granted, Weighted-Average Exercise Price	3.09
Exercised, Weighted-Average Exercise Price	0.54
Forfeited, Weighted-Average Exercise Price	1.32
Outstanding, Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at December 31, 2015	2.08	$ 1.89
Exercisable, Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at December 31, 2015	2.19
Vested and expected to vest, Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 2.08
Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	5 years	5 years 1 month 6 days
Exercisable, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	4 years 7 months 6 days
Vested and expected to vest, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	5 years
Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at January 1, 2015	$ 20,306,807
Exercised, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	68,400
Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at December 31, 2015	550,000	$ 20,306,807
Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at December 31, 2015	330,000
Vested and expected to vest, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 550,000

Stockholders' Equity (Details 2

Stockholders' Equity (Details 2) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Number of Options Outstanding	17,102,947
Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 2.08	$ 1.89
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	5 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 550,000	$ 20,306,807
Range One [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Price (Lower)	$ 0.50
Range of Exercise Price (Upper)	$ 1
Number of Options Outstanding	5,000,000
Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 0.92
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	6 years 7 months 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 550,000
Range Two [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Price (Lower)	$ 1.01
Range of Exercise Price (Upper)	$ 2
Number of Options Outstanding	4,275,984
Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 1.22
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	6 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 0
Range Three [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Price (Lower)	$ 2.01
Range of Exercise Price (Upper)	$ 3
Number of Options Outstanding	2,122,669
Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 2.5
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	3 years 9 months 18 days
Range Four [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Price (Lower)	$ 3.01
Range of Exercise Price (Upper)	$ 5
Number of Options Outstanding	5,704,294
Weighted-Average Exercise Price	$ 3.6
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	3 years 4 months 24 days

Stockholders' Equity (Details 3

Stockholders' Equity (Details 3)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Annual dividend	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Expected life (in years)	4 years	4 years	3 years
Risk free interest rate	1.39%	1.12%	0.29%
Expected volatility	68.60%	68.80%	65.10%
Maximum [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Expected life (in years)	6 years	8 years 6 months	6 years 6 months
Risk free interest rate	1.78%	2.50%	2.43%
Expected volatility	71.80%	100.00%	77.50%

Stockholders' Equity (Details 4

Stockholders' Equity (Details 4) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Outstanding Number of RSU's at January 1, 2015	447,275
Granted Number of RSU's	0
Vested and converted to common shares Number of RSUs	(219,415)	(568)
Forfeited Number of RSU's	(76,954)
Outstanding Number of RSU's at December 31, 2015	150,906	447,275
Exercisable Number of RSU's at December 31, 2015	150,906
Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at January 1, 2015	$ 2.18
Granted Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value	0
Vested and converted to common shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value	2.21
Forfeited Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value	2.21
Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at December 31, 2015	2.13	$ 2.18
Exercisable Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value at December 31, 2015	$ 2.13

Stockholders' Equity (Details 5

Stockholders' Equity (Details 5) - Warrant [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Outstanding Number of Warrants at January 1, 2015	21,422,346
Granted Number of Warrants	150,000
Exercised Number of Warrants	(1,724,606)
Forfeited Number of Warrants	(195,644)
Outstanding Number of Warrants at December 31, 2015	19,652,096	21,422,346
Exercisable Number of Warrants at December 31, 2015	19,577,096
Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at January 1, 2015	$ 2.3
Granted Weighted-Average Exercise Price	1.87
Exercised Weighted-Average Exercise Price	1.94
Forfeited Weighted Average Exercise Price	2.02
Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at December 31, 2015	2.34	$ 2.3
Exercisable Weighted-Average Exercise Price, at December 31, 2015	$ 2.34
Outstanding Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	3 years 1 month 6 days	3 years 9 months 18 days
Granted Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	4 years 6 months
Exercisable Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years), at December 31, 2015	3 years 1 month 6 days
Outstanding Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at January 1, 2015	$ 15,984,739
Outstanding Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at December 31, 2015	309,724	$ 15,984,739
Exercisable Aggregate Intrinsic Value, at December 31, 2015	$ 309,724

Stockholders' Equity (Details 6

Stockholders' Equity (Details 6) - Restricted Stock [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015$ / sharesshares
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Granted | shares	427,808
Vested | shares	(213,904)
Forfeited | shares	0
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | shares	213,904
Granted Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | $ / shares	$ 1.87
Vested Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | $ / shares	1.87
Forfeited Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | $ / shares	0
Outstanding Average at December 31, 2015 | $ / shares	$ 1.87

Stockholders' Equity (Details T

Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended						2 Months Ended		4 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2014	Jan. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2013	Jul. 31, 2013	May. 31, 2013	Mar. 31, 2013	Jun. 30, 2013	Feb. 28, 2013	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Jun. 30, 2014
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value										$ 1.89	$ 1.90	$ 1.01
Warrants Issued During Period		6,872,859
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued								$ 1.25
Share Price		$ 2.91			$ 1.07			$ 1.25
Stock Issued During Period Share From Warrants In Conjunction With Debt Transaction						1,297,607
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock		$ 20,000,000
Net proceeds received from issuance		$ 18,630,000						$ 323,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues						350,650
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)					440,000			258,000
Stock or Unit Option Plan Expense										$ 3,449,000
Compensation Expenses Unvested Restricted Stock term period										1 year 9 months 18 days
Common Stock, Capital Shares Reserved for Future Issuance										39,500,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights								$ 1.25
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value										$ 2,215,000	$ 1,814,000	$ 1,170,000
Increased Common stock Shares Authorized													300,000,000
Increase In Common Stock Shares Authorized													150,000,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Issued for Services								258,000
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures In Period										1,617,223
March 2013 long-term debt [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Debt Conversion, Original Debt, Amount											$ 1,000,000
Market Offering Agreement [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share Price										$ 3.77	$ 3.55
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock									$ 2,895,000	$ 2,932,000
Net proceeds received from issuance											$ 838,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues									1,140,994	812,423	249,163
Sale of Stock, Price Per Share									$ 2.64			$ 2.64
Direct Offering [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period		3,436,435
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued		$ 3.64
Warrants Exercisable Years		5 years
Direct Offering [Member] | Shelf Registration [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Common Stock, Shelf Registration		$ 50,000,000
Phase One [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period				942,520	440,000
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued				$ 1.25	$ 1.07
Share Price				$ 1.25
Net proceeds received from issuance			$ 1,700,000	$ 1,178,000	$ 433,000
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)			1,448,798	942,520					344,000
Warrants Modified During Period				782,005
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights				$ 1.25	$ 1.25
Phase One [Member] | Warrants And Options [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Net proceeds received from issuance										$ 3,056,000	$ 1,714,000
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)										1,724,606	1,234,428
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants And Options Issued										$ 1.94	$ 1.44
Phase Two [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period					689,675
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued					$ 1.25
Share Price				$ 1.02	$ 1.25
Net proceeds received from issuance				$ 102,000	$ 844,000				$ 730,000		$ 20,000
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)				100,000	689,675
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights					$ 1.25
Cashless And Partial Cashless Exercises Price for Warrants and Options											$ 1.03
Stock Issued For Cashless And Partial Cashless Exercises Of Warrants and Options											712,539
Number of Warrants and Options Exercised											1,194,372
Phase Two [Member] | Warrants And Options [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Cashless And Partial Cashless Exercises Price for Warrants and Options										$ 0.6157
Stock Issued For Cashless And Partial Cashless Exercises Of Warrants and Options										1,251,189
Number of Warrants and Options Exercised										2,209,000
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures In Period										1,158,020
Phase three [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period			650,000				378,809
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued			$ 0.90
Share Price							$ 1.25
Net proceeds received from issuance							$ 474,000
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)			401,133				378,809
Warrants Forfeited During Period			248,867
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights							$ 1.25
Phase Four [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued			$ 2
Share Price			$ 1.60				$ 1.02
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock			$ 4,556,000
Net proceeds received from issuance			$ 4,242,000				$ 306,000
Issuance of common stock from warrants and options exercised (in shares)			1,423,750				300,000
Stock Issued During Period Shares Placement			2,847,500
Minimum [Member] | Phase One [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period			648,798
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued			$ 1.08
Minimum [Member] | Phase Two [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period									4,000
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued									$ 1.56
Maximum [Member] | Phase One [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period			800,000						340,000
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued									$ 2.13
Share Price			$ 1.25
Chief Science Officer [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Other Expenses											$ 3,100,000
Various Parties [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	28,119
Warrant [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value										$ 1.08	$ 2.07	$ 0.82
Stock Issued During Period Share From Warrants In Conjunction With Debt Transaction	133,329
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value										$ 5,126,000	$ 4,287,000	$ 3,550,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding										309,724	$ 15,984,739
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value											$ 3.31	$ 1.14
Stock or Unit Option Plan Expense										$ 0
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Vested In Period										219,415	568
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value										$ 33,000	$ 142,000	$ 254,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding										$ 241,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Shares Issued in Period										427,808
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | March 2013 long-term debt [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Vested In Period											805,972
Common Stock [Member] | Phase One [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues			72,440
Private Placement [Member] | Phase Four [Member]
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Warrants Issued During Period			170,850
Class Of Warrant Or Right Exercise Price Of Warrants Issued			$ 2

Property and Equipment (Details

Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 971,751	$ 784,497
Less accumulated depreciation	(628,551)	(483,232)
Property and equipment, net	343,200	301,265
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	31,610	22,603
Computers and office equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	136,558	100,105
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	40,290
Lab equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 763,293	$ 661,789

Property and Equipment (Detai39

Property and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 971,751	$ 784,497
Depreciation	148,000	$ 137,000	$ 126,000
CHINA
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 73,000

Intangible Assets (Details)

Intangible Assets (Details) - Patents [Member] - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Patent asset	$ 1,887,798	$ 1,822,037
Accumulated Amortization	(784,331)	(588,865)
Net Intagibles	$ 1,103,467	$ 1,233,172

Intangible Assets (Details Text

Intangible Assets (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life	9 years 9 months 18 days
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 197,000	$ 211,000	$ 119,000
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Year Five	$ 144,000

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Current provision:
Federal	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State	0	0	0
Foreign	0	0	0
Total current provision	0	0	0
Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal	(6,645,222)	(5,563,694)	(4,436,239)
State	(955,515)	(61,835)	502,696
Foreign	0	0	0
Total deferred provision (benefit)	(7,600,737)	(5,625,529)	(3,933,543)
Valuation allowance	7,600,737	5,625,529	3,933,543
Consolidated income tax provision	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Income Taxes (Details 1)

Income Taxes (Details 1)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income Tax [Line Items]
Federal statutory rate	(34.00%)	(34.00%)	(34.00%)
State income taxes, net of Federal benefits	(4.30%)	(4.50%)	(5.30%)
Warrant modification/inducement expense	0.00%	5.30%	9.90%
Other	1.40%	8.30%	9.50%
Valuation allowance	36.90%	24.90%	19.90%
Total	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Income Taxes (Details 2)

Income Taxes (Details 2) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 39,555,984	$ 36,008,206
Stock based compensation expense	10,659,107	11,183,210
Tax credit carryforwards and other	5,717,023	1,139,961
Gross deferred tax assets	55,932,114	48,331,377
Valuation allowance	(55,932,114)	(48,331,377)
Net deferred tax assets	$ 0	$ 0

Income Taxes (Details Textual)

Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 113.7	$ 95.4
Operating Loss Carry forwards Expiration Term	expire through 2035

Selected Quarterly Data (Detail

Selected Quarterly Data (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2015	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2014	Jun. 30, 2014	Mar. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Effect of Fourth Quarter Events [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 2,500	$ 2,500	$ 2,500	$ 2,917	$ 4,666	$ 5,000	$ 5,000	$ 4,167	$ 10,417	$ 18,833	$ 110,000
Operating loss	(4,351,306)	(5,197,520)	(4,994,722)	(4,612,980)	(4,640,965)	(4,106,745)	(3,511,238)	(5,176,901)	(19,156,528)	(17,435,849)	(12,523,941)
Net loss	$ (4,765,151)	$ (5,637,568)	$ (5,448,037)	$ (5,053,145)	$ (5,503,168)	$ (4,455,237)	$ (6,751,282)	$ (5,919,057)	$ (20,903,901)	$ (22,628,744)	$ (19,831,862)
Net loss per share - basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.23)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.27)

Commitments and Contingencies47

Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)
Future Minimum Lease Payments For Capital Leases [Line Items]
2,016	$ 309,286
2,017	149,569
2,018	143,300
2,019	38,542
2,020	0
2020 and thereafter	0
Total minimum payments	$ 640,697

Commitments and Contingencies48

Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)a	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Operating Leases, Rent Expense	$ 318,000	$ 257,000	$ 277,000
Severance Costs	$ 1,000,000
Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Compensation Description On Termination Of Agreement	agreements terminate on October 31, 2017. Pursuant to the CEOs agreement, he receives a salary of $440,000 per annum and in the event of termination prior to the completion of the agreement the Company would pay the CEO the greater of his remaining compensation due under the agreement or one million dollars ($1,000,000).
Officers Compensation	$ 177,000
Chief Scientific Officer [Member]
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Compensation Description On Termination Of Agreement	Pursuant to the CSOs agreement, he receives $750,000 per annum and in the event of termination prior to the completion of the agreement the Company would pay the CSO the greater of the remaining compensation due under the agreement or one million dollars ($1,000,000).
SanDiego California [Member]
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Lease Expiration Date	Aug. 31, 2018
Lease Monthly Payment	$ 11,000
Area of Land | a	3,100
Germantown [Member]
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Lease Expiration Date	Dec. 31, 2016
Lease Monthly Payment	$ 10,200
Area of Land | a	2,900
Peoples Republic Of China [Member]
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Lease Expiration Date	Sep. 30, 2018
Lease Monthly Payment	$ 3,200

Transaction with Related Part49

Transaction with Related Parties (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Severance Costs	$ 1,000,000
Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Compensation Description On Termination Of Agreement	(i) the continued payment of Mr. Garrs monthly salary immediately prior to his resignation until March 1, 2017, (ii) a lump of $177,000 to be paid on June 1, 2016, January 1, 2017 and March 1, 2017, (iii) continued healthcare benefits until January 1, 2017, and (iv) the immediate vesting of any previously outstanding but unvested equity awards (collectively, the Severance).
Severance Costs	$ 1,000,000
Officers Compensation	$ 177,000

Subsequent Events (Details text

Subsequent Events (Details textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Severance Costs	$ 1,000,000
Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Compensation Description On Termination Of Agreement	(i) the continued payment of Mr. Garrs monthly salary immediately prior to his resignation until March 1, 2017, (ii) a lump of $177,000 to be paid on June 1, 2016, January 1, 2017 and March 1, 2017, (iii) continued healthcare benefits until January 1, 2017, and (iv) the immediate vesting of any previously outstanding but unvested equity awards (collectively, the Severance).
Severance Costs	$ 1,000,000
Officers Compensation	$ 177,000