Palisade Bio (PALI) 10-Q 8 Nov 17 2017 Q3 Quarterly report Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 31, 2017
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	Neuralstem, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	1,357,459
Trading Symbol	cur
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Smaller Reporting Company
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		15,146,027
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false

Unaudited Condensed Consolidate

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 9,063,710	$ 15,194,949
Short-term investments	5,000,000	5,000,000
Trade and other receivables	37,458	10,491
Current portion of related party receivable, net of discount	57,291	53,081
Prepaid expenses	548,766	646,195
Total current assets	14,707,225	20,904,716
Property and equipment, net	196,191	269,557
Patents, net	915,457	990,153
Related party receivable, net of discount and current portion	356,174	424,240
Other assets	13,719	15,662
Total assets	16,188,766	22,604,328
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	1,476,683	2,343,936
Accrued bonuses		852,963
Current portion of long-term debt, net of fees and discount		3,705,787
Other current liabilities	358,044	430,738
Total current liabilities	1,834,727	7,333,424
Derivative liabilities	2,785,863	3,921,917
Other long-term liabilities	3,400	18,209
Total liabilities	4,623,990	11,273,550
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Convertible preferred stock, 7,000,000 shares authorized, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively	10,000	10,000
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300 million shares authorized, 15,146,027 and 11,032,858 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively	151,460	110,329
Additional paid-in capital	216,784,493	204,239,837
Accumulated other comprehensive income	2,345	3,905
Accumulated deficit	(205,383,522)	(193,033,293)
Total stockholders' equity	11,564,776	11,330,778
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 16,188,766	$ 22,604,328

Unaudited Condensed Consolidat3

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	7,000,000	7,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	15,146,027	11,032,858
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	15,146,027	11,032,858

Unaudited Condensed Consolidat4

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Revenues	$ 2,500	$ 2,500	$ 7,500	$ 7,500
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses	1,383,863	3,589,793	6,871,028	9,130,012
General and administrative expenses	1,206,510	1,329,712	4,174,583	5,862,374
Total operating expenses	2,590,373	4,919,505	11,045,611	14,992,386
Operating loss	(2,587,873)	(4,917,005)	(11,038,111)	(14,984,886)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	18,099	17,293	52,995	41,862
Interest expense	(1,383)	(240,462)	(155,843)	(949,375)
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	2,679,770	(538,261)	(403,155)	219,014
Gain on related party settlement		458,608		458,608
Fees related to issuance of derivative liabilities, warrant inducement and other expenses	(242,396)	(456)	(806,115)	(463,798)
Total other income (expense)	2,454,090	(303,278)	(1,312,118)	(693,689)
Net loss	$ (133,783)	$ (5,220,283)	$ (12,350,229)	$ (15,678,575)
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ (0.59)	$ (1)	$ (1.96)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.59)	$ (1)	$ (1.96)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	14,060,844	8,835,045	12,380,054	8,019,153
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	14,163,072	8,835,045	12,380,054	8,019,153
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (133,783)	$ (5,220,283)	$ (12,350,229)	$ (15,678,575)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,005)	21	(1,560)	1,516
Comprehensive loss	$ (134,788)	$ (5,220,262)	$ (12,351,789)	$ (15,677,059)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidat5

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (12,350,229)	$ (15,678,575)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	233,589	275,074
Share-based compensation expense	1,504,143	2,866,773
Amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discount	59,781	283,493
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	403,155	(219,014)
Warrant inducement expense	563,744
Expenses related to issuance of derivative instruments	242,676	466,541
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	8,128
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade and other receivables	(26,967)	24,631
Related party receivable	63,856	(465,199)
Prepaid expenses	150,589	212,572
Other assets	1,971	21,542
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(920,624)	1,029,864
Accrued bonuses	(852,963)	(161,362)
Other current liabilities	(196,132)	(38,236)
Other long term liabilities	(14,809)	(153,854)
Net cash used in operating activities	(11,130,092)	(11,535,750)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Maturity of short-term investments	5,000,000	7,517,453
Purchase of short-term investments	(5,000,000)
Patent costs	(82,645)	(30,183)
Purchase of property and equipment	(10,993)	(98,088)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(93,638)	7,389,182
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of common stock purchase warrants, net	3,225,176
Proceeds from sale of common stock and warrants, net	5,510,840	8,173,686
Payments of long-term debt	(3,765,568)	(3,381,898)
Proceeds from short-term note payable	346,863	313,483
Payments of short-term notes payable	(223,425)
Net cash provided by financing activities	5,093,886	5,105,271
Effects of exchange rates on cash	(1,395)	893
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(6,131,239)	959,596
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	15,194,949	4,716,533
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	9,063,710	5,676,129
Supplemental disclosure of cash flows information:
Cash paid for interest	115,034	869,038
Supplemental schedule of non cash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock for cashless exercise of options, warrants and RSUs		$ 8,936

Note 1 - Business, Basis of Pre

Note 1 - Business, Basis of Presentation and Liquidity	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 1. Neuralstem is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that is utilizing its proprietary human neural stem cell technology to create a comprehensive platform of therapies for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. The Company has utilized this technology as a tool for small-molecule drug discovery and to create cell therapy biotherapeutics to treat central nervous system diseases. The Company was founded in 1997 Neuralstem, Inc. and its subsidiary are referred to as “Neuralstem,” the “Company,” “us,” or “we” throughout this report. The operations of our wholly-owned and controlled subsidiary located in China are consolidated in our condensed consolidated financial statements and all intercompany activity has been eliminated. The Company operates in one In management’s opinion, the accompanying interim condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2016, not may not 10 December 31, 2016, may The Board of Directors approved a 1 13 January 6, 2017. 1 13 Liquidity The Company has incurred losses since its inception and has not not no Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments balance at September 30, 2017 $14.1 August 1, 2017, 3,000,000 2,250,000 $2.00 $6.0 $5.4 We expect that our existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to enable us to fund our anticipated level of operations based on our current operating plans through December 2018. may no not may third not We have spent and will continue to spend substantial funds in the research, development, pre-clinical and clinical testing of our small molecule and stem cell product candidates with the goal of ultimately obtaining approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) and its international equivalents, to market and sell our products. No

Note 2 - Significant Accounting

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	Note 2. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with United States of America generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The condensed consolidated financial statements include significant estimates for the expected economic life and value of our licensed technology and related patents, our net operating loss and related valuation allowance for tax purposes, the fair value of our derivative instruments and our stock-based compensation related to employees and directors, consultants and investment banks, among other things. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts of our short-term financial instruments, which primarily include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The fair value of our long-term indebtedness is estimated based on the quoted prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities and approximates the carrying value. The fair values of our derivative instruments were estimated using Level 3 3 Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of our wholly owned foreign subsidiary is its local currency. Assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiary are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period; income and expense items are translated at the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments for subsidiaries that have not Cash, Cash Equivalents, Short-Term Investments and Credit Risk Cash equivalents consist of investments in low risk, highly liquid money market accounts and certificates of deposit with original maturities of 90 may Short-term investments consist entirely of fixed income certificates of deposit (“CDs”) with original maturities of greater than 90 not one Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our investment policy, approved by our Board of Directors, limits the amount we may one not Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed as they are incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with the pre-clinical development and clinical trials of our product candidates. Income (Loss) per Common Share Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing total net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For periods of net income when the effects are dilutive, diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding and the dilutive impact of all potential dilutive common shares. Potential dilutive common shares consist primarily of convertible preferred stock, stock options, restricted stock units and common stock purchase warrants. The dilutive impact of potential dilutive common shares resulting from common stock equivalents is determined by applying the treasury stock method. Our unvested restricted shares contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and therefore are considered to be participating securities; the calculation of basic and diluted income per share excludes net income attributable to the unvested restricted shares from the numerator and excludes the impact of the shares from the denominator. Following is a reconciliation of diluted and basic earnings per share for all periods presented: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Numerator: 2017 2016 2017 2016 Net loss $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Numerator for basic earnings per share $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Adjustment for gain related to mark-to-market adjustment for liability classified warrants (2,398,453 ) - - - Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ (2,532,236 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares 14,060,844 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153 Effect of dilutive securities: liability classified warrants 102,228 - - - Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares and assumed exercises 14,163,072 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153 A total of approximately 10.0 9.2 three nine September 30, 2017, 4.9 three nine September 30, 2016, Share-Based Compensation We account for share-based compensation at fair value. Share-based compensation cost for stock options and stock purchase warrants granted to employees and board members is generally determined at the grant date while awards granted to non-employee consultants are generally valued at the vesting date using an option pricing model that uses Level 3 Intangible and Long-Lived Assets We assess impairment of our long-lived assets using a "primary asset" approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not not No three nine September 30, 2017 2016. Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of future tax benefits or liabilities on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. We also recognize a tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is “more likely than not” Significant New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Guidance In November 2015, ASU No. 2015 17, January 1, 2017 no In March 2016, ASU No. 2016 09, January 1, 2017. no no Unadopted Guidance In May 2014, Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”), No. 2014 09, No. 2015 14 August 2015 December 15, 2017. may not In February 2016, ASU, No. 2016 02, December 15, 2018 not In June 2016, ASU No. 2016 13, December 15, 2019, December 15, 2018, not In May 2017, ASU No. 2017 09, December 15, 2017 not In July 2017, ASU No. 2017 11, no December 15, 2018 may We have reviewed other recent accounting pronouncements and concluded that they are either not no

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurement

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]	Note 3. Fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in measuring fair value. These levels are: · Level 1 · Level 2 not · Level 3 Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis We have segregated our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date. At September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016, May 2016 August 2017 5 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Liabilities Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants $ - $ - $ 3,921,917 $ 3,921,917 Balance at December 31, 2016 $ - $ - $ 3,921,917 $ 3,921,917 Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants $ - $ - $ 2,785,863 $ 2,785,863 Balance at September 30, 2017 $ - $ - $ 2,785,863 $ 2,785,863 The following table presents the activity for those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 nine September 30, 2017: Mark-to-market liabilities - stock purchase warrants Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 3,921,917 Issuance of warrants 2,483,848 Exercise of warrants (4,023,057 ) Change in fair value - loss 403,155 Balance at September 30, 2017 $ 2,785,863 The following table presents the activity for those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 nine September 30, 2016: Mark-to-market liabilities - stock purchase warrants Balance at December 31, 2015 $ - Issuance of warrants 4,582,170 Change in fair value - gain (219,014 ) Balance at September 30, 2016 $ 4,363,156 The (gains) losses resulting from the changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are classified as the “change in the fair value of derivative instruments” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the common stock purchase warrants is determined based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model for “plain vanilla” stock options and other pricing models as appropriate, and includes the use of unobservable inputs such as the expected term, anticipated volatility and expected dividends. Changes in any of the assumptions related to the unobservable inputs identified above may We do not Nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value We do not We measure our long-lived assets, including property, plant, and equipment, and patents, at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are recognized at fair value when they are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired. No three nine September 30, 2017 2016.

Note 4 - Debt

Note 4 - Debt	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 4. In October 2014, March 2013 five 5,784 $34.58 not We also incurred expenses with various third $86,000 2,163 $80,000, three 4,475 $34.58 The amended loan was paid off in its entirety in April 2017,

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 5. We have granted share-based compensation awards to employees, board members and service providers. Awards may ten September 30, 2017, 7.0 We record share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Share-based compensation expense included in the statements of operations is as follows: Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Research and development expenses $ 185,492 $ 397,825 General and administrative expenses 144,263 180,995 Total $ 329,755 $ 578,820 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Research and development expenses $ 993,927 $ 1,371,378 General and administrative expenses 510,216 1,495,395 Total $ 1,504,143 $ 2,866,773 Included in the general and administrative expense for the nine September 30, 2016 $407,000 first 2016. $42,000 $15,000 nine September 30, 2016 Stock Options nine September 30, 2017 Number of Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at January 1, 2017 1,691,987 $ 22.60 5.1 $ - Granted 46,982 $ 5.08 Exercised - $ - Forfeited (52,088 ) $ 23.15 Outstanding at September 30, 2017 1,686,881 $ 22.10 4.3 $ - Exercisable at September 30, 2017 1,504,401 $ 23.80 3.8 $ - Range of Exercise Prices Number of Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value $3.50 - $13.00 745,798 $ 9.52 6.4 $ - $13.01 - $26.00 373,404 $ 15.24 4.1 - $26.01 - $39.00 149,794 $ 32.51 2.0 - $39.01 - $56.00 417,885 $ 46.96 1.6 - 1,686,881 $ 22.10 4.3 $ - The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for “plain vanilla” options and other pricing models as appropriate to calculate the fair value of options. Significant assumptions used in these models include: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Annual dividend - - Expected life (in years) 0.3 - 5.5 5.8 - 7.3 Risk free interest rate 0.80% - 1.94% 1.34% - 1.75% Expected volatility 62.2% - 83.0% 69.0% - 80.2% Options granted in the nine September 30, 2017 2016, $3.19 $5.20 September 30, 2017 $1,244,000 1.4 RSUs We have granted restricted stock units (RSUs) to certain employees and board members that entitle the holders to receive shares of our common stock upon vesting and subject to certain restrictions regarding the exercise of the RSUs. The grant date fair value of RSUs is based upon the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. In the nine September 30, 2017 9,311 $5.37. RSUs vesting in the nine September 30, 2017 $13,000. At September 30, 2017, 11,235 $11.77 $15,000. nine September 30, 2017 $23,000. September 30, 2017 $38,000 0.8 Restricted Stock We have granted restricted stock to certain board members that vest quarterly over the board year. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock is based upon the market price of the common stock on the date of grant. In the nine September 30, 2017, 65,842 $3.63. Restricted stock vesting in the nine $4.91 $14,000 At September 30, 2017, 55,307 $3.39. September 30, 2017 $188,000 0.8 Stock Purchase Warrants. We have issued warrants to purchase common stock to certain officers, directors, stockholders and service providers as well as in conjunction with debt and equity offerings and at various times replacement warrants were issued as an inducement for warrant exercises. In May 2016, 1,746,173 September 30, 2017, 732,709 3 In March 2017, 692,309 May 6, 2016 $3.25 230,771 The inducement warrants are exercisable through March 20, 2018 $5.80 not may six 6 $476,084 nine September 30, 2017. In April 2017, 153,847 May 6, 2016 $3.25 51,283 $5.80 April 2017 March 2017 $87,660 nine September 30, 2017. In August 2017, 2,250,000 certain other conditions contained in the warrants. The warrants are recorded at fair value as mark-to-market liabilities (see Note 3 A summary of outstanding warrants at September 30, 2017 Range of Exercise Prices Number of Warrants Outstanding Range of Expiration Dates $2.00 - $3.90 2,994,248 May 2021 - August 2024 $5.79 - $5.80 293,593 March 2018 - July 2022 $12.80 - $12.90 39,296 January 2022 $16.20 - $16.30 174,544 March 2020 $18.60 - $19.80 12,309 March 2018 - June 2018 $22.10 - $27.90 153,755 March 2019 - January 2021 $34.50 - $39.00 164,114 November 2017 - October 2019 $39.10 - $39.20 230,772 October 2020 - October 2021 $47.30 - $52.20 275,897 January 2019 - July 2019 4,338,528 Preferred and Common Stock We have outstanding 1,000,000 4.5% December 2016. 4.5% 3,887,387 In March April 2017, 846,156 $3.25 $2,700,000 5 In June July 2017, 167,308 $3.25 $544,000 In August 2017, 3,000,000 2,250,000 $2.00 $6.0 $5,414,000 one $2.00 7 3 June 23, 2017 ( No. 333 218608 During the nine September 30, 2017, 4,939 4,939

Note 6 - Commitments and Contin

Note 6 - Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 6. We currently operate one one 1,500 $5,500 December 31, 2017. In 2015, 3,100 $11,600 August 31, 2019. May 2017, $92,000 three nine September 30, 2017. We also lease a research facility in People’s Republic of China. This lease expires on September 30, 2018 $3,200 From time to time, we are parties to legal proceedings that we believe to be ordinary, routine litigation incidental to the business. We are currently not

Note 7 - Related Party Receivab

Note 7 - Related Party Receivable	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]	Note 7. On August 10, 2016, six $658,000 The $658,000 $459,000 December 31, 2016. $558,000, September 30, 2017 $100,000 six

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with United States of America generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The condensed consolidated financial statements include significant estimates for the expected economic life and value of our licensed technology and related patents, our net operating loss and related valuation allowance for tax purposes, the fair value of our derivative instruments and our stock-based compensation related to employees and directors, consultants and investment banks, among other things. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts of our short-term financial instruments, which primarily include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The fair value of our long-term indebtedness is estimated based on the quoted prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities and approximates the carrying value. The fair values of our derivative instruments were estimated using Level 3 3
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]	Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of our wholly owned foreign subsidiary is its local currency. Assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiary are translated into United States dollars based on exchange rates at the end of the reporting period; income and expense items are translated at the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments for subsidiaries that have not
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Cash, Cash Equivalents, Short-Term Investments and Credit Risk Cash equivalents consist of investments in low risk, highly liquid money market accounts and certificates of deposit with original maturities of 90 may Short-term investments consist entirely of fixed income certificates of deposit (“CDs”) with original maturities of greater than 90 not one Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our investment policy, approved by our Board of Directors, limits the amount we may one not
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed as they are incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with the pre-clinical development and clinical trials of our product candidates.
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Income (Loss) per Common Share Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing total net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For periods of net income when the effects are dilutive, diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding and the dilutive impact of all potential dilutive common shares. Potential dilutive common shares consist primarily of convertible preferred stock, stock options, restricted stock units and common stock purchase warrants. The dilutive impact of potential dilutive common shares resulting from common stock equivalents is determined by applying the treasury stock method. Our unvested restricted shares contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and therefore are considered to be participating securities; the calculation of basic and diluted income per share excludes net income attributable to the unvested restricted shares from the numerator and excludes the impact of the shares from the denominator. Following is a reconciliation of diluted and basic earnings per share for all periods presented: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Numerator: 2017 2016 2017 2016 Net loss $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Numerator for basic earnings per share $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Adjustment for gain related to mark-to-market adjustment for liability classified warrants (2,398,453 ) - - - Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ (2,532,236 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares 14,060,844 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153 Effect of dilutive securities: liability classified warrants 102,228 - - - Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares and assumed exercises 14,163,072 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153 A total of approximately 10.0 9.2 three nine September 30, 2017, 4.9 three nine September 30, 2016,
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]	Share-Based Compensation We account for share-based compensation at fair value. Share-based compensation cost for stock options and stock purchase warrants granted to employees and board members is generally determined at the grant date while awards granted to non-employee consultants are generally valued at the vesting date using an option pricing model that uses Level 3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Intangible and Long-Lived Assets We assess impairment of our long-lived assets using a "primary asset" approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not not No three nine September 30, 2017 2016.
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of future tax benefits or liabilities on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of our assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. We also recognize a tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is “more likely than not”
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Significant New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Guidance In November 2015, ASU No. 2015 17, January 1, 2017 no In March 2016, ASU No. 2016 09, January 1, 2017. no no Unadopted Guidance In May 2014, Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”), No. 2014 09, No. 2015 14 August 2015 December 15, 2017. may not In February 2016, ASU, No. 2016 02, December 15, 2018 not In June 2016, ASU No. 2016 13, December 15, 2019, December 15, 2018, not In May 2017, ASU No. 2017 09, December 15, 2017 not In July 2017, ASU No. 2017 11, no December 15, 2018 may We have reviewed other recent accounting pronouncements and concluded that they are either not no

Note 2 - Significant Accounti14

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes Tables
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]	Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Numerator: 2017 2016 2017 2016 Net loss $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Numerator for basic earnings per share $ (133,783 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Adjustment for gain related to mark-to-market adjustment for liability classified warrants (2,398,453 ) - - - Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ (2,532,236 ) $ (5,220,283 ) $ (12,350,229 ) $ (15,678,575 ) Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares 14,060,844 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153 Effect of dilutive securities: liability classified warrants 102,228 - - - Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares and assumed exercises 14,163,072 8,835,045 12,380,054 8,019,153

Note 3 - Fair Value Measureme15

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes Tables
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]	Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Liabilities Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants $ - $ - $ 3,921,917 $ 3,921,917 Balance at December 31, 2016 $ - $ - $ 3,921,917 $ 3,921,917 Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants $ - $ - $ 2,785,863 $ 2,785,863 Balance at September 30, 2017 $ - $ - $ 2,785,863 $ 2,785,863
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Table Text Block]	Mark-to-market liabilities - stock purchase warrants Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 3,921,917 Issuance of warrants 2,483,848 Exercise of warrants (4,023,057 ) Change in fair value - loss 403,155 Balance at September 30, 2017 $ 2,785,863 Mark-to-market liabilities - stock purchase warrants Balance at December 31, 2015 $ - Issuance of warrants 4,582,170 Change in fair value - gain (219,014 ) Balance at September 30, 2016 $ 4,363,156

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity (

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
Notes Tables
Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Table Text Block]	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Research and development expenses $ 185,492 $ 397,825 General and administrative expenses 144,263 180,995 Total $ 329,755 $ 578,820 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Research and development expenses $ 993,927 $ 1,371,378 General and administrative expenses 510,216 1,495,395 Total $ 1,504,143 $ 2,866,773
Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]	Number of Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at January 1, 2017 1,691,987 $ 22.60 5.1 $ - Granted 46,982 $ 5.08 Exercised - $ - Forfeited (52,088 ) $ 23.15 Outstanding at September 30, 2017 1,686,881 $ 22.10 4.3 $ - Exercisable at September 30, 2017 1,504,401 $ 23.80 3.8 $ -
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, by Exercise Price Range [Table Text Block]	Range of Exercise Prices Number of Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value $3.50 - $13.00 745,798 $ 9.52 6.4 $ - $13.01 - $26.00 373,404 $ 15.24 4.1 - $26.01 - $39.00 149,794 $ 32.51 2.0 - $39.01 - $56.00 417,885 $ 46.96 1.6 - 1,686,881 $ 22.10 4.3 $ -
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 Annual dividend - - Expected life (in years) 0.3 - 5.5 5.8 - 7.3 Risk free interest rate 0.80% - 1.94% 1.34% - 1.75% Expected volatility 62.2% - 83.0% 69.0% - 80.2%
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Warrant Activity [Table Text Block]	Range of Exercise Prices Number of Warrants Outstanding Range of Expiration Dates $2.00 - $3.90 2,994,248 May 2021 - August 2024 $5.79 - $5.80 293,593 March 2018 - July 2022 $12.80 - $12.90 39,296 January 2022 $16.20 - $16.30 174,544 March 2020 $18.60 - $19.80 12,309 March 2018 - June 2018 $22.10 - $27.90 153,755 March 2019 - January 2021 $34.50 - $39.00 164,114 November 2017 - October 2019 $39.10 - $39.20 230,772 October 2020 - October 2021 $47.30 - $52.20 275,897 January 2019 - July 2019 4,338,528

Note 1 - Business, Basis of P17

Note 1 - Business, Basis of Presentation and Liquidity (Details Textual)	Aug. 01, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Jan. 06, 2017	May 31, 2016shares	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016USD ($)
Number of Operating Segments				1
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments				$ 14,100,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares	3,000,000
Share Price | $ / shares	$ 2
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	$ 6,000,000
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity, Net of Issuance Costs	$ 5,414,000			$ 5,510,840	$ 8,173,686
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Issued During Period | shares	2,250,000		1,746,173
Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Stockholders' Equity Note, Stock Split, Conversion Ratio		13

Note 2 - Significant Accounti18

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	10	4.9	9.2	4.9
Asset Impairment Charges	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Note 2 - Significant Accounti19

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Reconciliation of Diluted and Basic Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Net loss	$ (133,783)	$ (5,220,283)	$ (12,350,229)	$ (15,678,575)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	(133,783)	(5,220,283)	(12,350,229)	(15,678,575)
Adjustment for gain related to mark-to-market adjustment for liability classified warrants	(2,398,453)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$ (2,532,236)	$ (5,220,283)	$ (12,350,229)	$ (15,678,575)
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	14,060,844	8,835,045	12,380,054	8,019,153
Effect of dilutive securities: liability classified warrants (in shares)	102,228
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares and assumed exercises (in shares)	14,163,072	8,835,045	12,380,054	8,019,153

Note 3 - Fair Value Measureme20

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Asset Impairment Charges	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Note 3 - Fair Value Measureme21

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements - Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair value of liabilities	$ 2,785,863	$ 3,921,917
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair value of liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair value of liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair value of liabilities	2,785,863	3,921,917
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member]
Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants	2,785,863	3,921,917
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants	0	0
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants	0	0
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Derivative instruments - stock purchase warrants	$ 2,785,863	$ 3,921,917

Note 3 - Fair Value Measureme22

Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements - Activity for Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Balance
Issuance of warrants		4,582,170
Change in fair value - loss		(219,014)
Balance		$ 4,363,156
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member]
Balance	$ 3,921,917
Issuance of warrants	2,483,848
Exercise of warrants	(4,023,057)
Change in fair value - loss	403,155
Balance	$ 2,785,863

Note 4 - Debt (Details Textual)

Note 4 - Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2017	Oct. 31, 2014
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	3,000,000
Payable in 2017 [Member]
Payments of Debt Issuance Costs		$ 86,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		2,163
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues		$ 80,000
Payable in 2017 [Member] | Lender Warrants [Member]
Warrants Expiration Period		5 years
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights		5,784
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights		$ 34.58
Payable in 2017 [Member] | Various Third Party Warrants [Member]
Warrants Expiration Period		3 years
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights		4,475
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights		$ 34.58

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity24

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2017	Dec. 12, 2016	Apr. 30, 2017	May 31, 2016	Jul. 31, 2017	Apr. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Mar. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period									10 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant							7,000,000		7,000,000
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense							$ 329,755	$ 578,820	$ 1,504,143	$ 2,866,773
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value									$ 3.19	$ 5.20
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Not yet Recognized, Stock Options							$ 1,244,000		$ 1,244,000
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition									1 year 146 days
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	3,000,000
Share Price	$ 2
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	$ 6,000,000
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity, Net of Issuance Costs	$ 5,414,000								$ 5,510,840	$ 8,173,686
Series A 4.5% Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Private Placement [Member]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		1,000,000
Preferred Stock, Dividend Rate, Percentage		4.50%
Convertible Preferred Stock, Issuable Upon Conversion of All Shares		3,887,387
Stock Purchase Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Issued During Period	2,250,000			1,746,173
Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding							732,709		732,709
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights			153,847			153,847					692,309
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights	$ 2		$ 3.25			$ 3.25					$ 3.25
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Warrants Exercised					167,308	846,156
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercised During Period, Exercise Price					$ 3.25	$ 3.25
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises					$ 544,000	$ 2,700,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Term	7 years
Inducement Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights			51,283			51,283					230,771
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights			$ 5.80			$ 5.80					$ 5.80
Fair Value of Inducement Expense on Warrants			$ 87,660						$ 476,084
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition									292 days
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period									9,311
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value									$ 5.37
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period									13,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Non-Option Equity Instruments, Outstanding, Number							11,235		11,235
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value							$ 11.77		$ 11.77
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding							$ 15,000		$ 15,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested									23,000
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Not yet Recognized, Share-based Awards Other than Options							38,000		$ 38,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-based Compensation, Gross									4,939
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Non-Option Equity Instruments, Exercised									4,939
Restricted Stock [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition									292 days
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period									65,842
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value									$ 3.63
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested									$ 14,000
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Not yet Recognized, Share-based Awards Other than Options							$ 188,000		$ 188,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value									$ 4.91
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number							55,307		55,307
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value							$ 3.39		$ 3.39
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense							$ 144,263	180,995	$ 510,216	1,495,395
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Plan Modification, Incremental Compensation Cost										15,000
General and Administrative Expense [Member] | Former CEO [Member]
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense										407,000
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense							$ 185,492	$ 397,825	$ 993,927	1,371,378
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Plan Modification, Incremental Compensation Cost										$ 42,000

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity -

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity - Share-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense	$ 329,755	$ 578,820	$ 1,504,143	$ 2,866,773
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense	185,492	397,825	993,927	1,371,378
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense	$ 144,263	$ 180,995	$ 510,216	$ 1,495,395

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity26

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Options Outstanding (in shares)	1,691,987
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 22.60
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	4 years 109 days	5 years 36 days
Options Granted (in shares)	46,982
Options Granted, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 5.08
Options Exercised (in shares)
Options Exercised, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)
Forfeited (in shares)	(52,088)
Forfeited, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 23.15
Options Outstanding (in shares)	1,686,881	1,691,987
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 22.10	$ 22.60
Aggregate intrinsic value
Options Exercisable (in shares)	1,504,401
Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 23.80
Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Year)	3 years 292 days
Options Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity27

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity - Stock Options by Exercise Price Range (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of options outstanding (in shares)	1,686,881
Weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 22.10
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	4 years 109 days	5 years 36 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Range One [Member]
Minimum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 3.50
Maximum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 13
Number of options outstanding (in shares)	745,798
Weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 9.52
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	6 years 146 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Range Two [Member]
Minimum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 13.01
Maximum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 26
Number of options outstanding (in shares)	373,404
Weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 15.24
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	4 years 36 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Range Three [Member]
Minimum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 26.01
Maximum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 39
Number of options outstanding (in shares)	149,794
Weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 32.51
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	2 years
Aggregate intrinsic value
Range Four [Member]
Minimum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 39.01
Maximum range of exercise prices (in dollars per share)	$ 56
Number of options outstanding (in shares)	417,885
Weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 46.96
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (Year)	1 year 219 days
Aggregate intrinsic value

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity28

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity - Fair Value Assumptions for Stock Options (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Minimum [Member]
Expected life (in years) (Year)	109 days	5 years 292 days
Risk free interest rate	0.80%	1.34%
Expected volatility	62.20%	69.00%
Maximum [Member]
Expected life (in years) (Year)	5 years 182 days	7 years 109 days
Risk free interest rate	1.94%	1.75%
Expected volatility	83.00%	80.20%

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity29

Note 5 - Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Warrant Activity (Details) - Stock Purchase Warrants [Member]	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017$ / sharesshares
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	4,338,528
Range One [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 2
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 3.90
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	2,994,248
Expiration dates	May 2021 - August 2024
Range Two [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 5.79
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 5.80
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	293,593
Expiration dates	March 2018 - July 2022
Range Three [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 12.80
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 12.90
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	39,296
Expiration dates	January 2,022
Range Four [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 16.20
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 16.30
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	174,544
Expiration dates	March 2,020
Range Five [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 18.60
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 19.80
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	12,309
Expiration dates	March 2018 - June 2018
Range Six [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 22.10
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 27.90
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	153,755
Expiration dates	March 2019 - January 2021
Range Seven [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 34.50
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 39
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	164,114
Expiration dates	November 2017 - October 2019
Range Eight [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 39.10
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 39.20
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	230,772
Expiration dates	October 2020 - October 2021
Range Nine [Member]
Lower exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 47.30
Upper exercise price range (in dollars per share)	$ 52.20
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares	275,897
Expiration dates	January 2019 - July 2019

Note 6 - Commitments and Cont30

Note 6 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual)	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)ft²	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)ft²
UNITED STATES
Number of Facilities		1
CHINA
Number of Facilities		1
Lease Monthly Payment		$ 3,200
Germantown, MD [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property | ft²		1,500
Lease Monthly Payment		$ 5,500
San Diego, CA [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property | ft²			3,100
Lease Monthly Payment			$ 11,600
Gain (Loss) on Termination of Lease	$ (92,000)

Note 7 - Related Party Receiv31

Note 7 - Related Party Receivable (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Aug. 10, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Nonoperating Gain (Loss), Related Party Settlement			$ 458,608		$ 458,608
Chief Scientific Officer [Member] | Repayment Agreement of Improperly Expense Reimbursement [Member]
Due from Related Parties, Term	6 years
Due from Related Parties	$ 658,000	$ 558,000		558,000
Nonoperating Gain (Loss), Related Party Settlement						$ 459,000
Due from Related Party, Annual Installments				$ 100,000