Unit-Based Compensation | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract] | ' |
Unit-Based Compensation | ' |
Unit-Based Compensation |
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Long-Term Incentive Plan |
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On March 15, 2006, the LTIP for Legacy was implemented for its employees, consultants and directors, its affiliates and its general partner. The awards under the LTIP may include unit grants, restricted units, phantom units, unit options and unit appreciation rights ("UARs"). The LTIP permits the grant of awards covering an aggregate of 2,000,000 units. As of March 31, 2014, grants of awards net of forfeitures and, in the case of UARs and phantom units, historical exercises covering 1,742,861 units had been made, comprised of 266,014 unit option awards, 609,208 UARs, 431,436 restricted unit awards, 323,965 phantom unit awards and 112,238 unit awards. The LTIP is administered by the compensation committee (the “Compensation Committee”) of the board of directors of LRGPLLC. |
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The cost of employee services in exchange for an award of equity instruments is measured based on a grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions), and that cost must generally be recognized over the vesting period of the award. However, if an entity that nominally has the choice of settling awards by issuing stock predominately settles in cash, or if an entity usually settles in cash whenever an employee asks for cash settlement, the entity is settling a substantive liability rather than repurchasing an equity instrument. Due to Legacy’s historical practice of settling options, UARs and certain phantom unit awards in cash, Legacy accounted for unit options, UARs and certain phantom unit awards by utilizing the liability method. The liability method requires companies to measure the cost of the employee services in exchange for a cash award based on the fair value of the underlying security at the end of each reporting period. Compensation cost is recognized based on the change in the liability between periods. However, during 2013, the Compensation Committee revised the executive compensation policy and amended certain historical phantom unit award agreements to eliminate the Compensation Committee's option of settling phantom unit awards for executive officers in cash. Due to the elimination of the cash settlement option, Legacy now accounts for executive phantom unit awards under the equity method as described in ASC 718. Legacy treated the amendment as a cancellation of the historical awards and a grant of new awards in the period, though the award amounts and vesting terms remained unchanged. |
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Unit Appreciation Rights and Unit Options |
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A UAR is a notional unit that entitles the holder, upon vesting, to receive cash valued at the difference between the closing price of units on the exercise date and the exercise price, as determined on the date of grant. Because these awards are settled in cash, Legacy is accounting for the UARs by utilizing the liability method. |
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During the year ended December 31, 2013, Legacy issued 156,650 UARs to employees which vest ratably over a three-year period and 77,506 UARs to employees which vest at the end of a three-year period. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2014, Legacy issued 19,000 UARs to employees which vest ratably over a three-year period. All UARs granted in 2013 and 2014 expire seven years from the grant date and are exercisable when they vest. |
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For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, Legacy recorded $(0.2) million and $0.4 million, respectively, of compensation expense (benefit) due to the change in liability from December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, based on its use of the Black-Scholes model to estimate the March 31, 2014 and 2013 fair value of these UARs and unit options (see Note 5). As of March 31, 2014, there was a total of approximately $0.8 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to the unexercised and non-vested portion of these UARs. At March 31, 2014, this cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.13 years. Compensation expense is based upon the fair value as of March 31, 2014 and is recognized as a percentage of the service period satisfied. Based on historical data, Legacy has assumed a volatility factor of approximately 44% and employed the Black-Scholes model to estimate the March 31, 2014 fair value to be realized as compensation cost based on the percentage of service period satisfied. Based on historical data, Legacy has assumed an estimated forfeiture rate of 3.9%. Legacy will adjust the estimated forfeiture rate based upon actual experience. Legacy has assumed an annual distribution rate of $2.36 per unit. |
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A summary of UAR and unit option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2014 is as follows: |
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| | Units | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Outstanding at January 1, 2014 | | 627,043 | | | $ | 25.99 | | | | | |
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Granted | | 19,000 | | | 26.77 | | | | |
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Exercised | | (17,500 | ) | | 23.01 | | | | |
Forfeited | | (19,335 | ) | | 26.02 | | | | |
Outstanding at March 31, 2014 | | 609,208 | | | $ | 26.1 | | | 5 | | $ | 417,061 | |
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Options and UARs exercisable at March 31, 2014 | | 244,373 | | | $ | 24.37 | | | 3.7 | | $ | 412,295 | |
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The following table summarizes the status of Legacy’s non-vested UARs since January 1, 2014: |
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| | Number of Units | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | | | | | | |
Non-vested at January 1, 2014 | | 386,755 | | | $ | 27.21 | | | | | | | |
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Granted | | 19,000 | | | 26.77 | | | | | | | |
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Vested | | (22,585 | ) | | 26.39 | | | | | | | |
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Forfeited | | (18,335 | ) | | 26.89 | | | | | | | |
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Non-vested at March 31, 2014 | | 364,835 | | | $ | 27.26 | | | | | | | |
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Legacy has used a weighted-average risk-free interest rate of 1.6% in its Black-Scholes calculation of fair value, which approximates the U.S. Treasury interest rates at March 31, 2014 whose terms are consistent with the expected life of the UARs and unit options. Expected life represents the period of time that UARs and unit options are expected to be outstanding and is based on Legacy’s best estimate. The following table represents the weighted-average assumptions used for the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. |
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| Three Months Ended | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, | | | | | | | | | | | |
2014 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expected life (years) | 5.39 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Risk free interest rate | 1.6 | % | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annual distribution rate per unit | $2.36 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Volatility | 44 | % | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Phantom Units |
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Legacy has also issued phantom units under the LTIP to both executive officers, as described below, and certain other employees. A phantom unit is a notional unit that entitles the holder, upon vesting, to receive, in the case of non-executive employees, cash valued at the closing price of units on the vesting date, or, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee, the same number of Partnership units. Because Legacy’s current intent is to settle these non-executive phantom unit awards in cash, Legacy is accounting for these phantom units by utilizing the liability method. As mentioned above, in the case of executive employees, the Compensation Committee revised the historical grants for all executive phantom units to eliminate any election for cash payment. As these awards can now only be settled in Partnership units, Legacy is accounting for these phantom units by utilizing the equity method. |
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On September 21, 2009, the board of directors of LRGPLLC, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, implemented an equity-based incentive compensation policy applicable to the executive officers of Legacy. In addition to cash bonus awards, under the compensation plan, the executives are eligible for both subjective and objective grants of phantom units. The subjective, or service-based, grants may be awarded up to a maximum percentage of annual salary as determined by the Compensation Committee. Once granted, these phantom units vest ratably over a three-year period. The objective, or performance-based, grants may be awarded up to a maximum percentage of annual salary as determined by the Compensation Committee. However, the amount to vest each year for the three-year vesting period will be determined on each vesting date based on a three-step process, with the first two steps each comprising 50% of the total vesting amount while the third step is the sum of the first two steps. The first step in the process will be a function of Total Unitholder Return (“TUR”) for the Partnership and the percentage rank of the Legacy TUR among a peer group of upstream master limited partnerships, as determined by the Compensation Committee at the beginning of each year. In the second step, the Legacy TUR will be compared to the TUR of a group of master limited partnerships included in the Alerian MLP Index. The third step is the addition of the above two steps to determine the total performance-based awards to vest. On March 7, 2013, the board of directors of LRGPLLC, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, approved a revised compensation policy (the “Revised Policy.”) This Revised Policy applies to incentive awards granted after the fiscal year ended 2013. While the Revised Policy measures TUR against both the peer group and Alerian MLP Index, the measurement periods were increased to a three-year cumulative measurement period with a corresponding increase in vesting from a ratable three-year vesting to three-year cliff vesting. Performance based phantom units subject to vesting which do not vest in a given year will be forfeited. With respect to both the subjective and objective units awarded under both compensation policies, distribution equivalent rights ("DERs") will accumulate and accrue based on the total number of actual amounts vested and will be payable at the date of vesting. However, due to the aforementioned revision for executive employees, accrued DERs paid at the date of vesting will be treated as distributions in the period paid rather than being recognized as compensation expense over the life of the award. |
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On March 7, 2013, the Compensation Committee approved the award of 46,430 subjective, or service-based, phantom units and 76,723 objective, or performance based, phantom units to Legacy’s executive officers. On March 4, 2014, the Compensation Committee approved the award of 117,197 subjective, or service-based, phantom units and 102,572 objective, or performance based, phantom units to Legacy’s executive officers. |
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Compensation expense (benefit) related to the phantom units and associated DERs was $0.3 million and $(0.8) million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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Restricted Units |
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During the year ended December 31, 2013, Legacy issued an aggregate of 85,728 restricted units to non-executive employees. These restricted units awarded mostly vest ratably over a three-year period all beginning on or around the date of grant. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2014, Legacy issued an aggregate of 2,475 restricted units to non-executive employees. These restricted units awarded vest ratably over a three-year period. Compensation expense related to restricted units was $0.5 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As of March 31, 2014, there was a total of $4.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested portion of these restricted units. At March 31, 2014, this cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years. Pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718, Legacy’s issued units, as reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2014, do not include 225,278 units related to unvested restricted unit awards. |
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Board and Additional Executive Units |
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On May 14, 2013, Legacy granted and issued 3,715 units to each of its five non-employee directors. The value of each unit was $27.39 at the time of issuance. |