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Charges for Actions and Reconciliation to GAAP Measures
To supplement our financial guidance prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, we provide quarterly and full-year results and guidance concerning certainnon-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted EPS, adjusted net income, adjusted operating profit (and margin), adjusted SG&A, adjusted gross profit (and margin), EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and net debt.
Adjusted EPS is defined as diluted EPS excluding actions and the tax effect on actions. Adjusted net income is defined as net income excluding actions and the tax effect on actions. Adjusted operating profit is defined as operating profit excluding actions. Adjusted gross profit is defined as gross profit excluding actions. Adjusted SG&A is defined as selling, general and administrative expenses excluding actions.
Charges for actions taken in 2018 primarily represent: acquisition and integration costs related to Hanes Europe Innerwear, Hanes Australasia, Champion Europe, Alternative Apparel and Bras N Things, and other costs related to supply chain network changes. Charges for actions taken and expected to be taken in 2019 primarily represent supply chain network changes and overhead reduction as well as completion of outstanding acquisition integration. Acquisition and integration costs include legal fees, consulting fees, bank fees, severance costs, certain purchase accounting items, facility closures, inventory write-offs, information technology integration costs and similar charges related to the integration of recently acquired businesses. While these costs are not operational in nature and are not expected to continue for any singular transaction on an ongoing basis, similar types of costs, expenses and charges have occurred in prior periods and may recur in future periods depending upon acquisition activity.
We have chosen to present thesenon-GAAP measures to investors to enable additional analyses of past, present and future operating performance and as a supplemental means of evaluating operations absent the effect of acquisitions and other actions. We believe thesenon-GAAP measures provide management and investors with valuable supplemental information for analyzing the operating performance of the Company’s ongoing business during each period presented without giving effect to costs associated with the execution and integration of any of the aforementioned actions taken.
In addition to thesenon-GAAP measures, we have chosen to present EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and the ratio of net debt to adjusted EBITDA to investors because we consider these measures to be an important supplemental means of evaluating operating performance. EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA excluding actions and stock compensation expense. Net debt is defined as total debt less cash and cash equivalents. We believe that these metrics are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in the industry, and management uses the ratio of net debt to adjusted EBITDA for planning purposes in connection with setting our capital allocation strategy. These metrics should not, however, be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to invest in the growth of the business.
We are a global company that reports financial information in U.S. dollars in accordance with GAAP. As a supplement to our reported operating results, we also present constant currency financial information, which is anon-GAAP financial measure that excludes the impact of translating foreign currencies into U.S. dollars. We use constant currency information to provide a framework to assess how the business performed excluding the effects of changes in the rates used to calculate foreign currency translation. We believe this information is useful to management and investors to facilitate comparison of operating results and better identify trends in our businesses. To calculate foreign currency translation on a constant currency basis, operating results for the current year period for entities reporting in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates in effect during the comparable period of the prior year (rather than the actual exchange rates in effect during the current year period).
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