LOANS | LOANS Commercial real estate loans consist of term loans secured by a mortgage lien on the real property such as apartment buildings, office and industrial buildings, retail shopping centers, and farmland. The credit underwriting for both owner-occupied and non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans includes detailed market analysis, historical and projected cash flow analysis, appropriate equity margins, assessment of lessees and lessors, type of real estate and other analysis. Risk of loss is managed by adherence to standard loan policies that establish certain levels of performance prior to the extension of a loan to the borrower. Geographic diversification, as well as diversification across industries, are other means by which the risk of loss is managed by the Company. Residential real estate loans represent loans to consumers for the purchase or refinance of a residence. These loans are generally financed over a 15 - to 30 -year term, and in most cases, are extended to borrowers to finance their primary residence with both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate terms. The majority of these loans originated by the Company conform to secondary market underwriting standards and are sold within a short timeframe to unaffiliated third parties. As such, the credit underwriting standards adhere to the underwriting standards and documentation requirements established by the respective investor or correspondent bank. Residential real estate loans also include home equity loans and lines of credit that are secured by a first or second lien on the borrower's residence. Home equity lines of credit consist mainly of revolving lines of credit secured by residential real estate. Home equity lines of credit are generally governed by the same lending policies and subject to the same credit risk as described previously for residential real estate loans. Commercial and industrial loans include financing for commercial purposes in various lines of business, including manufacturing, service industry, professional service areas and agricultural. The Company works with businesses to meet their short-term working capital needs while also providing long-term financing for their business plans. Credit risk is managed through standardized loan policies, established and authorized credit limits, centralized portfolio management and the diversification of market area and industries. The overall strength of the borrower is evaluated through the credit underwriting process and includes a variety of analytical activities including the review of historical and projected cash flows, historical financial performance, financial strength of the principals and guarantors, and collateral values, where applicable. Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured with the assets of the company and/or the personal guarantee of the business owners. Real estate construction loans are term loans to individuals, companies or developers used for the construction of a commercial or residential property for which repayment will be generated by the sale or permanent financing of the property. Generally, these loans are for construction projects that have been either presold, preleased, or have secured permanent financing, as well as loans to real estate companies with significant equity invested in the project. Consumer loans include loans made to individuals not secured by real estate, including loans secured by automobiles or watercraft, and personal unsecured loans. Risk elements in the consumer loan portfolio are primarily focused on the borrower's cash flow and credit history, key indicators of the ability to repay and borrower credit scores. A certain level of security is provided through liens on automobile or watercraft titles, where applicable. Economic conditions that affect consumers in the Company's markets have a direct impact on the credit quality of these loans. Higher levels of unemployment, lower levels of income growth and weaker economic growth are factors that may adversely impact consumer loan credit quality. On December 28, 2015, the Company entered into an early termination agreement with the FDIC that terminated the Bank's loss share agreements with the FDIC. As a result, all loss share agreements have been eliminated and no loans are considered covered at December 31, 2015. Loans at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows: Covered loans Uncovered loans (Dollars in thousands) Accounted for under ASC 310-30 Excluded from ASC 310-30 accounting Total covered loans Accounted for under ASC 310-30 Excluded from ASC 310-30 accounting Total uncovered loans Total December 31, 2015 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ 250,497 $ 1,317,600 $ 1,568,097 $ 1,568,097 Residential real estate — — — 273,845 1,273,954 1,547,799 1,547,799 Commercial and industrial — — — 24,724 1,232,682 1,257,406 1,257,406 Real estate construction — — — 10,783 230,820 241,603 241,603 Consumer — — — 9,417 182,378 191,795 191,795 Total $ — $ — $ — $ 569,266 $ 4,237,434 $ 4,806,700 $ 4,806,700 (1) December 31, 2014 Commercial real estate $ 160,886 $ 25,776 $ 186,662 $ 190,148 $ 1,120,790 $ 1,310,938 $ 1,497,600 Residential real estate 86,515 21,711 108,226 239,523 1,186,489 1,426,012 1,534,238 Commercial and industrial 23,752 8,896 32,648 15,499 853,978 869,477 902,125 Real estate construction 8,415 974 9,389 8,309 123,377 131,686 141,075 Consumer 9,469 96 9,565 2,389 162,135 164,524 174,089 Total $ 289,037 $ 57,453 $ 346,490 $ 455,868 $ 3,446,769 $ 3,902,637 $ 4,249,127 (1) _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Reported net of deferred costs totaling $1.9 million and deferred fees totaling $4.6 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. Nonperforming Assets and Past Due Loans Nonperforming assets consist of loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued, other real estate owned acquired through acquisitions, other real estate owned obtained through foreclosure and other repossessed assets. Loans are considered past due or delinquent when the contractual principal or interest due in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement or any portion thereof remains unpaid after the due date of the scheduled payment. Loans outside of those accounted for under ASC 310-30 are classified as nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, collection of principal or interest is doubtful. The accrual of interest income is discontinued when a loan is placed in nonaccrual status and any payments received reduce the carrying value of the loan. A loan may be placed back on accrual status if all contractual payments have been received and collection of future principal and interest payments are no longer doubtful. Loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 are classified as performing, even though they may be contractually past due, as any nonpayment of contractual principal or interest is considered in the quarterly re-estimation of expected cash flows and is included in the resulting recognition of current period provision for loan losses or future yield adjustments. Information as to nonperforming assets was as follows: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 Uncovered nonperforming assets Nonaccrual loans Commercial real estate $ 16,798 $ 13,756 Residential real estate 18,390 17,374 Commercial and industrial 21,668 3,550 Real estate construction 413 174 Consumer 206 257 Total nonaccrual loans 57,475 35,111 Other real estate owned and repossessed assets(1) 28,157 36,872 Total uncovered nonperforming assets 85,632 71,983 Covered nonperforming assets Nonaccrual loans Commercial real estate — 15,723 Residential real estate — 1,848 Commercial and industrial — 3,560 Real estate construction — 713 Consumer — 13 Total nonaccrual loans — 21,857 Other real estate owned and repossessed assets — 10,719 Total covered nonperforming assets — 32,576 Total nonperforming assets $ 85,632 $ 104,559 Uncovered loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 Residential real estate $ 58 $ 12 Commercial and industrial 14 — Consumer 225 41 Total loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 $ 297 $ 53 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Excludes closed branches and operating facilities. Loan delinquency, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 was as follows: December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 days past due 60 - 89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing Uncovered loans, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 Commercial real estate $ 2,662 $ 1,378 $ 13,520 $ 17,560 $ 1,300,040 $ 1,317,600 $ — Residential real estate 10,582 2,539 7,377 20,498 1,253,456 1,273,954 58 Commercial and industrial 9,079 2,099 4,955 16,133 1,216,549 1,232,682 14 Real estate construction 2,046 — 304 2,350 228,470 230,820 — Consumer 1,287 402 287 1,976 180,402 182,378 225 Total $ 25,656 $ 6,418 $ 26,443 $ 58,517 $ 4,178,917 $ 4,237,434 $ 297 December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 days past due 60 - 89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing Uncovered loans, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 Commercial real estate $ 4,870 $ 1,083 $ 11,333 $ 17,286 $ 1,103,504 $ 1,120,790 $ — Residential real estate 11,709 2,044 9,593 23,346 1,163,143 1,186,489 12 Commercial and industrial 4,679 184 2,960 7,823 846,155 853,978 — Real estate construction 1,004 136 174 1,314 122,063 123,377 — Consumer 964 152 150 1,266 160,869 162,135 41 Total $ 23,226 $ 3,599 $ 24,210 $ 51,035 $ 3,395,734 $ 3,446,769 $ 53 Covered loans, excluding loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ 4,569 $ 4,569 $ 21,207 $ 25,776 $ — Residential real estate 238 35 1,179 1,452 20,259 21,711 — Commercial and industrial 373 7 2,923 3,303 5,593 8,896 — Real estate construction — — 710 710 264 974 — Consumer — — 2 2 94 96 — Total $ 611 $ 42 $ 9,383 $ 10,036 $ 47,417 $ 57,453 $ — Impaired Loans A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans included nonperforming loans (including nonperforming TDRs) and performing TDRs. Impaired loans are accounted for at the lower of the present value of expected cash flows or the estimated fair value of the collateral. When the present value of expected cash flows or the fair value of the collateral of an impaired loan not accounted for under ASC 310-30 is less than the amount of unpaid principal outstanding on the loan, the recorded principal balance of the loan is reduced to its carrying value through either a specific allowance for loan loss or a partial charge-off of the loan balance. Information as to total impaired loans (both individually and collectively evaluated for impairment) is as follows: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 Uncovered Nonaccrual loans $ 57,475 $ 35,111 Performing troubled debt restructurings: Commercial real estate 15,340 3,785 Residential real estate 5,749 1,368 Commercial and industrial 3,438 840 Real estate construction 420 90 Consumer 242 234 Total uncovered performing troubled debt restructurings 25,189 6,317 Total uncovered impaired loans $ 82,664 $ 41,428 Covered Nonaccrual loans $ — $ 21,857 Performing troubled debt restructurings: Commercial real estate — 9,017 Residential real estate — 3,046 Commercial and industrial — 1,137 Real estate construction — 264 Total covered performing troubled debt restructurings — 13,464 Total covered impaired loans $ — $ 35,321 Troubled Debt Restructurings The Company assesses all loan modifications to determine whether a modification constitutes a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR"). For loans excluded from ASC 310-30 accounting, a modification is considered a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company grants a concession to the borrower. For loans accounted for individually under ASC 310-30, a modification is considered a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the effective yield after the modification is less than the effective yield at the time the loan was acquired in association with consideration of qualitative factors included within ASC 310-40. All TDRs are considered impaired loans. The nature and extent of impairment of TDRs, including those which have experienced a subsequent default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of charge off and/or allowance for loan losses. As of December 31, 2015 , there were $14.5 million of nonperforming TDRs and $25.2 million of performing TDRs included in impaired loans. As of December 31, 2014 , there were $25.0 million of nonperforming TDRs and $19.8 million of performing TDRs included in impaired loans. All TDRs are considered impaired loans in the calendar year of their restructuring. In subsequent years, a restructured obligation modified at a market rate and compliant with its modified terms for a minimum period of six months is no longer reported as a TDR. A loan that has been modified at a rate other than market will return to performing status if it satisfies the six months performance requirement; however, it will continue to be reported as a TDR and considered impaired. If a TDR is subsequently restructured under current market terms, no cumulative concession has been granted to the borrower and the borrower is not experiencing financial difficulties which is documented by a current credit evaluation the loan is no longer required to be reported as a TDR. The following tables present the recorded investment of loans modified in TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 by type of concession granted. In cases where more than one type of concession was granted, the loans were categorized based on the most significant concession. Concession type Financial effects of modification (Dollars in thousands) Principal deferral Principal reduction(1) Interest rate Forbearance agreement Total number of loans Total recorded investment at Net charge-offs (recoveries) Provision (benefit) for loan losses For the year ended December 31, 2015 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 100 $ — $ 3,646 $ 1,481 33 $ 5,227 $ (686 ) $ (76 ) Residential real estate 2,638 127 1,216 — 61 3,981 106 707 Commercial and industrial 965 — 1,886 — 41 2,851 82 300 Real estate construction 195 — 67 — 4 262 — 100 Consumer 77 7 — — 6 84 4 11 Total loans $ 3,975 $ 134 $ 6,815 $ 1,481 145 $ 12,405 $ (494 ) $ 1,042 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Loan forgiveness related to loans modified in TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2015 totaled $209 thousand . Concession type Financial effects of modification (Dollars in thousands) Principal deferral Principal reduction(1) Interest rate Forbearance agreement A/B Note Restructure (2) Total number of loans Total recorded investment at December 31, 2014 Net charge-offs (recoveries) Provision (benefit) for loan losses(3) For the year ended December 31, 2014 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 448 $ — $ 2,022 $ 2,001 $ — 20 $ 4,471 $ 30 $ 850 Residential real estate 116 1,070 1,315 160 — 40 2,661 (135 ) 411 Commercial and industrial 70 — 194 264 — 20 528 28 12 Consumer 142 82 54 10 — 8 288 (2 ) 30 Total uncovered $ 776 $ 1,152 $ 3,585 $ 2,435 $ — 88 $ 7,948 $ (79 ) $ 1,303 Covered Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ 631 $ 416 $ 10,656 5 $ 11,703 $ — $ 373 Residential real estate 594 45 238 — — 22 877 (13 ) 35 Commercial and industrial — — 173 86 — 8 259 — 7 Real estate construction 257 — — — — 2 257 — — Total covered $ 851 $ 45 $ 1,042 $ 502 $ 10,656 37 $ 13,096 $ (13 ) $ 415 Total loans $ 1,627 $ 1,197 $ 4,627 $ 2,937 $ 10,656 125 $ 21,044 $ (92 ) $ 1,718 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Loan forgiveness related to loans modified in TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2014 totaled $1.3 million . (2) Loan restructurings whereby the original loan is restructured into two notes: an "A" note, which generally reflects the portion of the modified loans which is expected to be collected; and a "B" note, which is fully charged off. (3) The provision for loan losses for covered loans was partially offset by the build of an associated FDIC indemnification asset on covered loans. Concession type Financial effects of modification (Dollars in thousands) Principal deferral Principal reduction(1) Interest rate Forbearance agreement Total number of loans Total recorded investment at December 31, 2013 Net charge-offs (recoveries) Provision (benefit) for loan losses(2) For the year ended December 31, 2013 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 1,737 $ — $ 3,416 $ 19 12 $ 5,172 $ 550 $ 308 Residential real estate 3 1,539 1,255 — 30 2,797 313 800 Commercial and industrial 636 — 302 — 11 938 — (33 ) Real estate construction 90 — — — 3 90 — — Consumer — — 30 — 4 30 2 3 Total uncovered $ 2,466 $ 1,539 $ 5,003 $ 19 60 $ 9,027 $ 865 $ 1,078 Covered Commercial real estate $ 202 $ — $ 1,933 $ 1 17 $ 2,136 $ 1,138 $ 752 Residential real estate 1,091 46 183 — 29 1,320 47 97 Commercial and industrial 594 54 468 73 34 1,189 218 168 Real estate construction 774 — 7 — 4 781 — — Consumer 6 — — — 3 6 (8 ) (8 ) Total covered $ 2,667 $ 100 $ 2,591 $ 74 87 $ 5,432 $ 1,395 $ 1,009 Total loans $ 5,133 $ 1,639 $ 7,594 $ 93 147 $ 14,459 $ 2,260 $ 2,087 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Loan forgiveness related to loans modified in TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2013 totaled $1.4 million . (2) The provision for loan losses for covered loans was partially offset by the build of an associated FDIC indemnification asset on covered loans. When a modification qualifies as a TDR and was initially individually accounted for under ASC 310-30, the loan is required to be moved from ASC 310-30 accounting and accounted for under ASC 310-40. In order to accomplish the transfer of the accounting for the TDR from ASC 310-30 to ASC 310-40, the loan is essentially retained in the ASC 310-30 accounting model and subject to the quarterly cash flow re-estimation process. Similar to loans accounted for under ASC 310-30, deterioration in expected cash flows result in the recognition of allowance for loan losses. However, unlike loans accounted for under ASC 310-30, improvements in estimated cash flows on these loans result only in recapturing previously recognized allowance for loan losses and the yield remains at the last yield recognized under ASC 310-30. On an ongoing basis, the Company monitors the performance of TDRs to their modified terms. The following table presents the number of loans modified in TDRs during the previous 12 months for which there was payment default during the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013, including the recorded investment as of December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013. A payment on a TDR is considered to be in default once it is greater than 30 days past due. (Dollars in thousands) Total number Total recorded investment Charged off following a subsequent default For the years ended December 31, 2015 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 6 $ 950 $ 71 Residential real estate 12 560 61 Commercial and industrial 4 — 200 Real estate construction 1 67 — Consumer 1 7 — Total loans $ 24 $ 1,584 $ 332 For the years ended December 31, 2014 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 6 $ 2,669 $ — Residential real estate 13 554 60 Commercial and industrial 3 44 — Consumer 2 110 2 Total uncovered 24 3,377 62 Covered Commercial real estate 1 415 — Residential real estate 4 22 — Total covered 5 437 — Total loans $ 29 $ 3,814 $ 62 For the years ended December 31, 2013 Uncovered Commercial real estate $ 7 $ 2,677 $ 550 Residential real estate 21 2,062 406 Commercial and industrial 1 4 — Consumer 3 30 3 Total uncovered 32 4,773 959 Covered Commercial real estate 8 1,127 224 Residential real estate 5 215 31 Commercial and industrial 14 318 191 Total covered 27 1,660 446 Total loans $ 59 $ 6,433 $ 1,405 At December 31, 2015 , commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms have been modified in TDRs totaled $474 thousand . The terms of certain other loans that were modified during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 that did not meet the definition of a TDR generally involved a modification of the terms of a loan to borrowers who were not deemed to be experiencing financial difficulties or a loan accounted for under ASC 310-30 that did not result in a lower effective yield than at the date of acquisition after the modification in association with consideration of qualitative factors included within ASC 310-40. The evaluation of whether or not a borrower is deemed to be experiencing financial difficulty is completed during loan committee meetings at the time of the loan approval. Credit Quality Indicators Credit risk monitoring and management is a continuous process to manage the quality of the loan portfolio. The Company categorizes commercial and industrial, commercial real estate and real estate construction loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt including, current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation and current economic trends, among other factors. The risk rating system is used as a tool to analyze and monitor loan portfolio quality. Risk ratings meeting an internally specified exposure threshold are updated annually, or more frequently upon the occurrence of a circumstance that affects the credit risk of the loan. The following describes each risk category: Pass: Includes all loans without weaknesses or potential weaknesses identified in the categories of special mention, substandard or doubtful. Special Mention: Loans with potential credit weakness or credit deficiency, which, if not corrected, pose an unwarranted financial risk that could weaken the loan by adversely impacting the future repayment ability of the borrower. Substandard: Loans with a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, such as loans to borrowers who may be experiencing losses from operations or inadequate liquidity of a degree and duration that jeopardizes the orderly repayment of the loan. Substandard loans also are distinguished by the distinct possibility of loss in the future if these weaknesses are not corrected. Doubtful: Loans with all the characteristics of a loan classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that credit weaknesses make collection in full highly questionable and improbable. Commercial and industrial, commercial real estate and real estate construction loans by credit risk category were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful (1) Total December 31, 2015 Uncovered loans Commercial real estate $ 1,408,238 $ 60,130 $ 99,343 $ 386 $ 1,568,097 Commercial and industrial 1,177,354 24,129 55,923 — 1,257,406 Real estate construction 235,479 259 5,865 — 241,603 Total $ 2,821,071 $ 84,518 $ 161,131 $ 386 $ 3,067,106 December 31, 2014 Uncovered loans Commercial real estate $ 1,153,132 $ 63,567 $ 94,239 $ — $ 1,310,938 Commercial and industrial 824,239 29,511 15,727 — 869,477 Real estate construction 123,822 1,981 5,883 — 131,686 Total $ 2,101,193 $ 95,059 $ 115,849 $ — $ 2,312,101 Covered loans Commercial real estate $ 102,952 $ 16,073 $ 67,637 $ — $ 186,662 Commercial and industrial 16,718 1,875 14,055 — 32,648 Real estate construction 3,817 792 4,780 — 9,389 Total $ 123,487 $ 18,740 $ 86,472 $ — $ 228,699 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) Prior to January 1, 2015, all nonaccrual loans were included in the "Doubtful" risk category. After further review of regulatory guidance, we have reclassified nonaccrual loans with a determinable value to the "Substandard" risk category; therefore, "Substandard" now includes accrual and nonaccrual loans. This change in classification has been made retrospectively and the reclassification is presented within the December 31, 2014 disclosure. For residential real estate loans and consumer loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan and by payment activity. Residential real estate loans and consumer loans secured by a residence where the debt has been discharged but the borrower continues to make payments are considered nonperforming. The following table presents residential real estate and consumer loans by credit quality: (Dollars in thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total December 31, 2015 Uncovered loans Residential real estate $ 1,529,409 $ 18,390 $ 1,547,799 Consumer 191,589 206 191,795 Total $ 1,720,998 $ 18,596 $ 1,739,594 December 31, 2014 Uncovered Residential real estate $ 1,408,638 $ 17,374 $ 1,426,012 Consumer 164,267 257 164,524 Total $ 1,572,905 $ 17,631 $ 1,590,536 Covered loans Residential real estate $ 106,378 $ 1,848 $ 108,226 Consumer 9,552 13 9,565 Total $ 115,930 $ 1,861 $ 117,791 |