Transportation operating expenses. Our transportation operating expenses generally consist of equipment rentals, chemicals, treating, metering fees, permit and regulatory fees, labor, minor maintenance, tools, supplies and pipeline integrity management expenses and ad valorem taxes. Our transportation operating expenses was consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2021.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses include indirect costs billed by SP Holdings in connection with the Shared Services Agreement, field office expenses, professional fees and other costs not directly associated with field operations. General and administrative expenses increased by approximately $6.2 million to approximately $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to a credit of approximately $3.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily the result of the mark-to-market impact on indirect costs billed in connection with the Shared Services Agreement of approximately $6.3 million due to the volatility in the market price of our common units during the period.
Unit-based compensation expense. Unit-based compensation expense decreased approximately $0.2 million, or 74%, to approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021.
Loss on sale of assets. The loss on sale of assets during the three months ended March 31, 2022, was approximately $2.2 million. The loss was the result of the sale of certain gathering and transportation equipment which was replaced with leased equipment.
Depreciation and amortization expense. Gathering and transportation assets are stated at historical acquisition cost, net of any impairments, and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the assets, which range from five to 15 years for equipment and up to 36 years for gathering facilities. Our depreciation and amortization expense was consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2021.
Interest expense, net. Interest expense consists of distributions on the Class C Preferred Units, non-cash accretion of the discount on the Class C Preferred Units, the non-cash change in fair value of the Stonepeak Warrant and cash interest expense from borrowings under the Credit Agreement. Interest expense decreased approximately $7.9 million, or 34%, to approximately $15.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to approximately $23.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. This decrease was the result of the Class C Preferred Units discount becoming fully accreted at December 31, 2021. Cash interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was approximately $0.4 million which was consistent with the three months ended December 31, 2021.
(Income) loss from equity investment. Income from equity investment was approximately $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a loss of approximately $52.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. During the three months ended December 31, 2021, an impairment of approximately $55.0 million was recorded as a result of lower expectations regarding volumes and rates associated with the renewal of future expiring contracts and negotiation of new contracts.
Other (income) expense. Other (income) expense includes the mark-to-market impact of the Nuvve Holding Warrants as well as other expenses and income not associated with our operations. Other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was approximately $0.7 million compared to other income of approximately $0.5 million during the three months ended December 31, 2021. The primary loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022 relates to the mark-to-market impact of the Nuvve Holding Warrants from a decrease in the Nuvve Holding stock price compared to an increase in the Nuvve Holding stock price during the three months ended December, 31, 2021.
Income tax expense. Income tax expense was approximately $65.9 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to an expense of approximately $12.0 thousand for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The increase in income tax expense resulted from an increase in taxable margin over the comparable periods.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2022, we had approximately $1.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $3.5 million available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement, as discussed further below.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we paid approximately $0.4 in cash for interest on borrowings under our Credit Agreement.
Our capital expenditures during the three months ended March 31, 2022 were funded with cash on hand. In the future, capital and liquidity are anticipated to be provided by operating cash flows, borrowings under our Credit Agreement and proceeds from the issuance of additional debt, additional common units or other limited partner interests. We expect that the combination of these capital resources will be adequate to meet our short-term working capital requirements and long-term capital expenditures program. However, there can