2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | The following comprises the Company’s significant accounting policies: |
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Basis of presentation |
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The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ADMA Biologics, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly-liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company purchases certificates of deposits with maturity schedules of three, six, nine and twelve months. Instruments with original maturities greater than three months but less than twelve months are included in short-term investments. |
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The Company regularly maintains cash and short-term investments at third-party financial institutions in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, insurance limit. While the Company monitors the daily cash balances in the operating accounts and adjusts the balances as appropriate, these balances could be impacted, and there could be a material adverse effect on our business, if one or more of the financial institutions with which the Company has deposits fails or is subject to other adverse conditions in the financial or credit markets. To date, the Company has not experienced a loss or lack of access to its invested cash or cash equivalents; however, the Company cannot provide assurance that access to its invested cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial and credit markets. |
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Inventories |
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Plasma inventories (both plasma intended for resale and plasma intended for internal use in our research and development activities) are carried at the lower of cost or market value determined on the first-in, first-out method. Once the research and development plasma is processed to a finished good it is then expensed to research and development for its clinical study programs. Finished good RSV and normal source plasma is also capitalized to inventory for its potential commercialization and would subsequently be sold upon the Company receiving approval from the FDA. Inventory at December 31, 2014 and 2013 consists of finished good RSV and normal source plasma. Inventory also includes plasma collected at the Company’s FDA licensed plasma collection center. |
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Revenue recognition |
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Revenue from the sale of human plasma collected at the Company’s FDA licensed plasma collection center and plasma-derived medicinal products is recognized at the time of transfer of title and risk of loss to the customer, which occurs at the time of shipment. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery if the Company retains the risk of loss during shipment. The Company’s revenues are substantially attributed to one customer. Revenue from license fees and research and development services rendered are recognized as revenue when the performance obligations under the terms of the license agreement have been completed. Deferred revenue of $1.7 million was recorded in 2013 as a result of certain research and development services to be provided in accordance with a license agreement and is recognized over the term of the license. Deferred revenue is amortized into income for a period of approximately 20 years, the term of the license agreement. |
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Concentration of significant customers and accounts receivable |
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As of and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s trade receivable balance and revenues were substantially attributable to one customer. |
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Research and development costs |
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The Company expenses all research and development costs as incurred including plasma and equipment for which there is no alternative future use. Such expenses include licensing fees and costs associated with planning and conducting clinical trials. |
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Use of estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include valuation of inventory, assumptions used in the fair value of stock-based compensation and warrant valuation, and the allowance for the valuation of future tax benefits. |
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Concentration of credit risk |
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Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. |
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Property and equipment |
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Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is five to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the lease term or their estimated useful lives. |
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Income taxes |
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The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts (“temporary differences”) at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will not be realized. |
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The Company has no unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company’s U.S. Federal and state income tax returns prior to fiscal year 2011 are closed and management continually evaluates expiring statutes of limitations, audits, proposed settlements, changes in tax law and new authoritative rulings. |
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The Company will recognize interest and penalties associated with tax matters as income tax expense. |
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Earnings (Loss) Per Share |
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Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders as adjusted for the effect of dilutive securities, if any, by the weighted average number of common stock and dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. No potentially dilutive securities are included in the computation of any diluted per share amounts as the Company reported a net loss for all periods presented. Potentially dilutive securities that would be issued upon the exercise of outstanding warrants and stock options were 1.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 1.0 million at December 31, 2013. |
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Stock-based compensation |
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The Company follows recognized accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations as compensation expense, based on their fair values on the grant date. The estimated fair value of options granted under the Company’s 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) are recognized as compensation expense over the option-service period. |
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On June 19, 2014, at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”), the stockholders approved the 2014 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2014 Plan”), which was approved by the Board of Directors of ADMA (“the Board”) on February 21, 2014. Grants of incentive stock options to purchase an aggregate of 167,932 shares of the Company's common stock under the 2014 Plan to three executive officers were approved by the Board on February 21, 2014, and conditioned upon the approval of the 2014 Plan. These stock options are comprised of 99,309 shares for the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Adam S. Grossman; 39,032 shares for the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Brian Lenz; and 29,591 shares for the Company's Chief Scientific and Medical Officer, James Mond, M.D., Ph.D. The stock options vest over a period of four years and are exercisable at a price per share of $8.50, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the OTC Bulletin Board on February 21, 2014. Grants of non-qualified stock options to purchase 9,000 shares of the Company's common stock under the 2014 Plan, to each of the Company’s six non-employee directors, were approved by the Board on February 21, 2014, and were also conditioned upon the approval of the 2014 Plan at the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The stock options will vest over a period of 24 months and terminate 12 months following separation and are exercisable at a price per share of $8.50, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the OTC Bulletin Board on February 21, 2014. The maximum number of shares reserved for grant under the 2014 Plan is: (a) 800,000 shares; plus (b) an annual increase as of the first day of the Company’s fiscal year, beginning in 2015 and occurring each year thereafter through 2020, equal to the least of (i) 200,000 shares, (ii) 1% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the end of the Company’s immediately preceding fiscal year, and (iii) any lesser number of shares determined by the Board; provided, however, that the aggregate number of shares available for issuance pursuant to such increases shall not exceed a total of 800,000 shares. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, stock options to purchase 221,932 and 84,134 shares of common stock, respectively, were issued to employees and non-employee directors. |
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During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense to employees of $1,248,454 and $888,295, respectively. The fair value of employee options granted was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of publicly traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The Company’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate. Because the Company has had very little historical experience with the Company’s stock options, small similar publicly traded companies were used for comparison and expectations as to assumptions required for fair value computation using the Black-Scholes methodology. Guidance for stock-based compensation requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company currently estimates there will be no forfeitures of options. Due to the Company’s limited history and as permitted under recognized guidance, the Company uses the simplified method, to determine the expected life of the option grants, which is the average between vesting terms and contractual terms. |
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The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options and other forms of equity compensation using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the following assumptions: |
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| Year Ended | | Year Ended |
| 31-Dec-14 | | 31-Dec-13 |
Expected term | 6.3 years | | 6.3 years |
Volatility | 60% | | 63% |
Dividend yield | 0 | | 0 |
Risk-free interest rate | 2.19% | | 1.24-2.25% |
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Fair value of financial instruments |
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The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts payable, and notes payable are shown at cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. |