2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | The following comprises the Companys significant accounting policies: Basis of presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ADMA Biologics, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers all highly-liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company purchases certificates of deposits with maturity schedules of three, six, nine and twelve months. Instruments with original maturities greater than three months but less than twelve months are included in short-term investments. The Company regularly maintains cash and short-term investments at third-party financial institutions in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, insurance limit. While the Company monitors the daily cash balances in the operating accounts and adjusts the balances as appropriate, these balances could be impacted, and there could be a material adverse effect on the Companys business, if one or more of the financial institutions with which the Company has deposits fails or is subject to other adverse conditions in the financial or credit markets. To date, the Company has not experienced a loss or lack of access to its invested cash or cash equivalents; however, the Company cannot provide assurance that access to its invested cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial and credit markets. Inventories Plasma inventories (both plasma intended for resale and plasma intended for internal use in the Company's research and development and future anticipated commercialization activities) are carried at the lower of cost or market value determined on the first-in, first-out method. Research and development plasma used in clinical trials was processed to a finished product and subsequently expensed to research and development. Inventory at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 consists of high titer plasma and normal source plasma. Debt In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-03, InterestImputation of Interest Revenue recognition Depending on the agreement with the customer, revenues from the sale of human plasma collected at the Companys FDA licensed plasma collection centers are recognized at the time of transfer of title and risk of loss to the customer, which occurs at the time of shipment. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery if the Company retains the risk of loss during shipment. The Companys revenues are substantially attributable to one customer. Revenue from license fees and research and development services rendered are recognized as revenue when the performance obligations under the terms of the license agreement have been completed. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 are comprised of product revenues from the sale of normal source human plasma collected from the Companys plasma collection centers segment and license and other revenues are primarily attributable to the out-licensing of RI-002 to Biotest AG to market and sell in Europe and selected countries in North Africa and the Middle East. Biotest AG and Biotest Pharmaceuticals Corporation, or Biotest, a subsidiary of Biotest AG, has provided the Company with certain financial payment and services in accordance with the related license agreement and is obligated to pay the Company certain amounts in the future if certain milestones are achieved. During the third quarter 2015, the Company recorded deferred revenue of $1.5 million for a milestone payment provided to the Company upon its filing of the BLA for RI-002 with the FDA, in accordance with the terms of the license agreement. Deferred revenue of $1.7 million was recorded in 2013 as a result of certain research and development services provided in accordance with the same license agreement. Deferred revenue is recognized over the term of the license. Deferred revenue is amortized into income for a period of approximately 20 years, the term of the license agreement. Concentration of significant customers and accounts receivable As of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Companys trade receivable balance and revenues were substantially attributable to one customer. Research and development costs The Company expenses all research and development costs as incurred, of which such expenses include costs associated with planning and conducting clinical trials, manufacturing, quality, testing, validation, regulatory consulting and filing fees and employees compensation expenses directly related to R&D activities. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include valuation of inventory, assumptions used in the fair value determination of stock-based compensation, warrants and the allowance for the valuation of future tax benefits. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. Property and equipment Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful life, which is five to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the lease term or their estimated useful lives. Income taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts (temporary differences) at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The Company has no unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Companys U.S. Federal and state income tax returns prior to fiscal year 2012 are closed and management continually evaluates expiring statutes of limitations, audits, proposed settlements, changes in tax law and new authoritative rulings. The Company will recognize interest and penalties associated with tax matters as income tax expense. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders as adjusted for the effect of dilutive securities, if any, by the weighted average number of common stock and dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. Potential common stock includes the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method). Potential common stock in the diluted net loss per share computation is excluded to the extent that it would be anti-dilutive. No potentially dilutive securities are included in the computation of any diluted per share amounts as the Company reported a net loss for all periods presented. The aggregate number of potentially dilutive securities upon the exercise of outstanding warrants and stock options was 1.7 million and 1.3 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Stock-based compensation The Company follows recognized accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations as compensation expense, based on their fair values on the grant date. The estimated fair value of stock options granted under the Companys 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the Plan) and the 2014 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the 2014 Plan) is recognized as compensation expense over the option-vesting period. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, stock options to purchase 432,500 and 221,932 shares of common stock, respectively, were issued to employees and non-employee directors. During the year ended December 31, 2015, options to purchase 7,514 shares of common stock were exercised by an employee and options to purchase 9,710 shares of common stock were forfeited. On June 19, 2014, at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the Annual Meeting), the stockholders approved the 2014 Plan, which was approved by the Board of Directors of ADMA (the Board) on February 21, 2014. The maximum number of shares reserved for grant under the 2014 Plan is: (a) 800,000 shares; plus (b) an annual increase as of the first day of the Companys fiscal year, beginning in 2015 and occurring each year thereafter through 2020, equal to the least of (i) 200,000 shares, (ii) 1% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the end of the Companys immediately preceding fiscal year, and (iii) any lesser number of shares determined by the Board; provided, however, that the aggregate number of shares available for issuance pursuant to such increases shall not exceed a total of 800,000 shares. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense to employees of $1,711,047 and $1,248,454, respectively. The fair value of employee options granted was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of publicly traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The Companys employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate. To determine the risk-free interest rate, the Company utilized the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant with a term consistent with the expected term of the Companys awards. The expected term of the options granted is in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletins 107 and 110, which is based on the average between vesting terms and contractual terms. The expected dividend yield reflects the Companys current and expected future policy for dividends on the Companys common stock. The expected stock price volatility for the Companys stock options was calculated by examining the pro rata historical volatilities for similar publicly traded industry peers and the trading history for the Companys common stock. The Company will continue to analyze the expected stock price volatility and expected term assumptions. The Company has not experienced any material forfeitures of stock options and, as such, has not established a forfeiture rate since the stock options currently outstanding are primarily held by the Companys senior management and directors. The Company will continue to evaluate the effects of such future potential forfeitures, as they may arise, to evaluate the Companys estimated forfeiture rate. The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options and other forms of equity compensation using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the following assumptions: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Expected term 6.3 years 6.3 years Volatility 51-58% 60% Dividend yield 0.0 0.0 Risk-free interest rate 1.49-2.14% 2.19% Fair value of financial instruments The carrying amounts of certain of the Companys financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts payable, and notes payable are shown at cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. |