Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary Myomo Europe GmbH. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss includes all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by stockholders and distributions to stockholders. The Company's comprehensive loss includes changes in foreign currency translation adjustments. There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. These estimates and assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis and updated as appropriate. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, deferred tax valuation allowances, valuation of stock-based compensation, warranty obligations and reserves for slow-moving inventory. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist principally of deposit accounts and money market accounts at December 31, 2021 and 2020. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company reports accounts receivable at invoiced amounts less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company evaluates its accounts receivable on a continuous basis, and if necessary, establishes an allowance for Inventories Inventories are recorded at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. Average cost approximates valuation on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company reduces the carrying value of inventory for those items that are potentially excess, obsolete or slow-moving based on changes in customer demand, technology developments or other economic factors. In addition, the carrying value of consigned inventories is reduced by the value of MyoPro devices that will not be sold based on historical experience. Equipment Equipment is stated at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation and is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, generally three years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the economic useful life of the related assets, are charged to operations as incurred, and expenditures, which extend the economic life, are capitalized. When assets are retired, or otherwise disposed of, the costs and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized. Demonstration units are sometimes provided by the Company’s to its indirect sales channel for marketing and patient evaluation purposes. These units are manufactured by the Company and are expensed in the statements of operations to selling, general, and administrative expense. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company charged to operations approximately $22,200 and $61,700, respectively, for these units. Demonstrations units provided to its own sales force are capitalized as equipment on the Company’s balance sheet. Test units are provided to research and development staff to use in their development process and to end users who are given free units to act as testers so that research and development staff can evaluate and understand their use by patients. A primary objective of these units is to determine when and under what conditions they fail, at which time they are analyzed for cause of failure and then scrapped. These units are expensed in the statements of operations as part of research and development expense. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 the Company charged to operations approximately $17,400 and $15,400, respectively, of these units. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets, including equipment when there are indications that the assets might be impaired. When evaluating assets for potential impairment, the Company compares the carrying value of the asset to its estimated undiscounted future cash flows. If an asset’s carrying value exceeds such estimated undiscounted cash flows, the Company records an impairment charge for the difference. Based on its assessments, the Company did not record any impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. Leases The Company accounts for leases under Accounting Standards Topic 842 (“ASC 842”). The Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract and recognizes right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities at the lease commencement date, except for short-term leases, which are under one year, and leases of low value. For these leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Revenue Recognition The Company accounts for revenue under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and all the related amendments (Topic 606). Revenues under Topic 606 are required to be recognized either at a “point in time” or “over time,” depending on the facts and circumstances of the arrangement and are evaluated using a five-step model. Generally, the Company recognizes revenue at a point in time. The Company recognizes revenue after applying the following five steps: 1) Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer, 2) Identification of the performance obligations in the contract, including whether they are distinct within the context of the contract 3) Determination of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration 4) Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract 5) Recognition of revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. Increasingly, the Company derives its revenue from direct billing. The Company also derives revenue from the sale of its products to O&P providers in the U.S. and internationally, the Veterans Administration (“VA”), and distributors in Europe and Australia. Under direct billing, the Company recognizes revenue when all of the following criteria are met: (i) The product has been delivered to the patient, including completion of initial instruction on its use. (ii) Collection is deemed probable and it has been determined that a significant reversal of the revenue to be recognized is not deemed probable when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. (iii) The amount to be collected is estimable using the “expected value” estimation techniques, or the “most likely amount” as defined in ASC 606. For revenue derived from certain insurance companies where the Company has demonstrated sufficient payment history, the Company recognizes revenue when it receives a pre-authorization from the insurance company and control passes to the patient upon delivery of the device in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expect to receive in exchange for the device. During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company made such a determination for certain insurers. These insurers represented approximately 39% and 40% of direct billing channel revenue in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Depending on the timing of product deliveries to customers, which is when cost of revenue must be recorded, and when the Company meets the criteria to record revenue, there may be fluctuations in gross margin on an ongoing basis. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $2,050,345 and $490,800, respectively, from O&P providers or third-party payers for which costs related to the completion of the Company’s performance obligations were recorded in a prior period. For revenues derived from O&P providers, the VA, and distributors, the Company recognizes revenue when control passes to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services, which may be recognized upon shipment or upon delivery, depending on the terms of the arrangement, provided that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance and collectability is deemed probable. In certain cases, the Company ships its products to O&P providers pending reimbursement from non-government, third party payers. As a result of this arrangement, elements of the revenue recognition criteria have not been met upon shipment. In this instance, the Company recognizes revenue when payment has been received, as then all of the revenue recognition criteria has been met. The Company has elected to record taxes collected from customers on a net basis and does not include tax amounts in revenue or cost of revenue. Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by customers. The Company records a receivable when revenue is recognized prior to payment and there is an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. The Company had approximately $1,500 and $4,000 of deferred revenue as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Disaggregated Revenue from Contracts with Customers The following table presents revenue by major source: 2021 2020 Clinical/medical providers $ 3,186,248 $ 2,255,263 Direct-to-patient 10,670,126 5,328,108 Total revenue from contracts with customers $ 13,856,374 $ 7,583,371 Geographic Data The Company generated 89% of its revenue from the United States, 10% from Germany, and 1% from other international locations for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company generated 92% of its revenue from the United States and 8% from international locations for the year ended December 31, 2020. Cost of Revenue In conjunction with the adoption of ASC 606, there are certain cases in which the Company will expense costs when incurred as required by ASC 340-40-25, such as when the Company ships the MyoPro device to O&P providers, or provides the device directly to patients, pending reimbursement from certain third party payers, which triggers revenue recognition. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company recorded cost of goods sold of approximately $21,400 and $216,100, respectively without corresponding revenue. The cost of clinical services by O&P providers for which they are paid a fee in conjunction with devices being sold directly to patients and billing their insurance companies directly are expensed as incurred as required by ASC 340-40-25, as a cost of obtaining a contract. These costs are recorded as sales and marketing expense, with the remaining costs associated with the patient being expensed to cost of revenue. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs paid by customers are netted against the related shipping costs we incur. The net cost is recorded in cost of revenues. Historically, such costs have not been material. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to impact taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. ASC 740 requires that the tax effects of changes in tax laws or rates be recognized in the financial statement in the period in which the law is enacted. ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return are recorded in the Company’s financial statements. A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is only recognized if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The Company files income tax returns in federal and state jurisdictions and is no longer subject to examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2018. Currently, there are no income tax audits in process. Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock awards to employees by measuring the cost of services received in exchange for the award of equity instruments based upon the fair value of the award on the date of grant. The fair value of that award is then ratably recognized as expense over the period during which the recipient is required to provide services in exchange for that award. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary, Myomo Europe GmbH, is the Euro. Net foreign currency gains and losses during the year ended December 31, 2021 were immaterial and included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheets. Transaction foreign exchange gains and losses are included in net loss. Foreign exchange translation gains and losses from the functional currency of Myomo Europe GmbH, which is the euro, to USD are captured in other comprehensive loss. The balance sheet is translated using the spot date on the day of reporting and the income statement is translated monthly using the average rate for the month. Net Loss per Share Basic loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus potentially dilutive common shares. Restricted stock units, stock options and warrants are excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation when their impact is antidilutive. The Company reported a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and as a result, all potentially dilutive common shares are considered antidilutive for these periods. Potentially common shares issuable at December 31, 2020 and 2019 consist of: 2021 2020 Options 31,725 24,088 Warrants 693,643 2,709,159 Restricted stock units 292,473 276,568 Restricted stock — 30 Total 1,017,841 3,009,845 Advertising The Company charges the costs of advertising to operating expenses as incurred. Advertising expense amounted to approximately $3,587,300 and $841,300 in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Research and Development Costs The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Research and development costs primarily consist of salaries and benefits, facility and overhead costs, and outsourced research activities. Recent Accounting Standards In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740) -- Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU modifies certain provisions of ASC 740 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods therein. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 in the first quarter of 2021. The guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04 Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). The amendments in this update are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted, including in an interim period as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2021-04 in the fourth quarter of 2021. The implementation resulted in a deemed dividend of approximately $640,000 on the discounting of certain warrants. Subsequent Events The Company evaluates whether there have been subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and determines whether subsequent events exist that would require recognition in the financial statements or disclosure in the notes of the financial statements. |